{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1973\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1973\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=2","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1973\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=52"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":52,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":513,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1528_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Administrative Files, 1928/1988","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1528_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1528_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1528_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1528_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1528","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1528","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1528","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1528","parent_ssim":["Association for Women in Architecture Records, 1928/1992"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1528"],"title_filing_ssi":"Administrative Files","title_ssm":["Administrative Files"],"title_tesim":["Administrative Files"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Administrative Files, 1928/1988"],"text":["Administrative Files, 1928/1988","Association for Women in Architecture Records, 1928/1992"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Association for Women in Architecture Records, 1928/1992"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Association for Women in Architecture Records, 1928/1992"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1928/1988"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1928-1988"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Association for Women in Architecture Records, 1928/1992"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":7,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:40.347Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1528","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1528","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1528","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1528","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1528.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Association for Women in Architecture Records","title_ssm":["Association for Women in Architecture Records"],"title_tesim":["Association for Women in Architecture Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1928-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1928-1992"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1928/1992"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Association for Women in Architecture Records, 1928/1992"],"text":["Association for Women in Architecture Records, 1928/1992","Ms.1988.022","Architects","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged according to the original order compiled by the AWA, which grouped related records together and identified each box by date range.","The Association for Women in Architecture \u0026#x002B; Design (AWA\u0026#x002B;D) was founded in 1922 into Alpha Alpha Gamma, a national sorority for women architecture students, which arose from a student organization La Confrerie Alongine at Washington University in St. Louis founded by Mae Steinmesch, Helen Milius, Angela Burdeau and Jane Pelton in 1915. In 1934, the alumnae of the sorority formed the Association of Women in Architecture (AWA) as an organization for professional women architects. Its first president was H. Mae Steinmesch of St. Louis, Missouri. Subsequent presidents included Jean Driskel, Virginia Tanzmann, and Vicki Carter. In 1948, the oranization became the Association of Women in Architecture and Allied Arts (AWA).","Although chapters were formed in other cities, the Los Angeles, California, chapter was the most active.  In 1964, the national organization dissolved and the other chapters gradually disappeared. The Los Angeles chapter, with a membership of approximately 200 women architects and designers in the Los Angeles area with members-at-large across the country is the only surviving original chapter. In 1975, the AWA altered its name to the Association FOR Women in Architecture. Its current name was adopted in 2012 as Association for Women in Architecture \u0026#x002B; Design (AWA\u0026#x002B;D).","The AWA\u0026#x002B;D holds annual meetings, gives out scholarships to women architecture students, and acts as a clearinghouse for information about women's status in the field of architecture.","Source: \"AWA\u0026#x002B;D History: Herstory of the Organization\", Association for Women in Architecture \u0026#x002B; Design, https://www.awaplusd.org/our-history","The guide to the Association for Women in Architecture by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Association for Women in Architecture Records was completed by L. H. Katz in December 1988. The EAD finding aid was created by Harvey Clark in September 2010.","The records of the Association for Women in Architecture include committee reports, convention materials, photographs, presidents files, membership rosters, constitution and bylaws, correspondence, and videotapes. The photographs, slides, videotapes, and posters are filed at the end of the main administrative files.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Association for Women in Architecture (AWA) was originally founded in 1922 as Alpha Alpha Gamma, a national sorority for women architecture students. In 1934, the alumnae of the sorority formed the Association of Women in Architecture (AWA) (later Association for Women in Architecture) as an organization for professional women architects. Records include committee reports, correspondence, membership forms and rosters, photographs, scrapbooks, treasurer's files, and newsletters.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Association for Women in Architecture (U.S.)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Association for Women in Architecture Records, 1928/1992"],"collection_ssim":["Association for Women in Architecture Records, 1928/1992"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.022"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.022"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Association for Women in Architecture (U.S.)"],"creator_ssim":["Association for Women in Architecture (U.S.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Association for Women in Architecture (U.S.)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Association for Women in Architecture (U.S.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Association for Women in Architecture Records were donated to Special Collections in June 1988. Additional materials were donated in August 1989."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.4 Cubic Feet 6 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8.4 Cubic Feet 6 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged according to the original order compiled by the AWA, which grouped related records together and identified each box by date range.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged according to the original order compiled by the AWA, which grouped related records together and identified each box by date range."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Association for Women in Architecture \u0026amp;#x002B; Design (AWA\u0026amp;#x002B;D) was founded in 1922 into Alpha Alpha Gamma, a national sorority for women architecture students, which arose from a student organization La Confrerie Alongine at Washington University in St. Louis founded by Mae Steinmesch, Helen Milius, Angela Burdeau and Jane Pelton in 1915. In 1934, the alumnae of the sorority formed the Association of Women in Architecture (AWA) as an organization for professional women architects. Its first president was H. Mae Steinmesch of St. Louis, Missouri. Subsequent presidents included Jean Driskel, Virginia Tanzmann, and Vicki Carter. In 1948, the oranization became the Association of Women in Architecture and Allied Arts (AWA).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough chapters were formed in other cities, the Los Angeles, California, chapter was the most active.  In 1964, the national organization dissolved and the other chapters gradually disappeared. The Los Angeles chapter, with a membership of approximately 200 women architects and designers in the Los Angeles area with members-at-large across the country is the only surviving original chapter. In 1975, the AWA altered its name to the Association FOR Women in Architecture. Its current name was adopted in 2012 as Association for Women in Architecture \u0026amp;#x002B; Design (AWA\u0026amp;#x002B;D).    \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe AWA\u0026amp;#x002B;D holds annual meetings, gives out scholarships to women architecture students, and acts as a clearinghouse for information about women's status in the field of architecture.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource: \"AWA\u0026amp;#x002B;D History: Herstory of the Organization\", Association for Women in Architecture \u0026amp;#x002B; Design, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.awaplusd.org/our-history\"\u003ehttps://www.awaplusd.org/our-history\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Association for Women in Architecture \u0026#x002B; Design (AWA\u0026#x002B;D) was founded in 1922 into Alpha Alpha Gamma, a national sorority for women architecture students, which arose from a student organization La Confrerie Alongine at Washington University in St. Louis founded by Mae Steinmesch, Helen Milius, Angela Burdeau and Jane Pelton in 1915. In 1934, the alumnae of the sorority formed the Association of Women in Architecture (AWA) as an organization for professional women architects. Its first president was H. Mae Steinmesch of St. Louis, Missouri. Subsequent presidents included Jean Driskel, Virginia Tanzmann, and Vicki Carter. In 1948, the oranization became the Association of Women in Architecture and Allied Arts (AWA).","Although chapters were formed in other cities, the Los Angeles, California, chapter was the most active.  In 1964, the national organization dissolved and the other chapters gradually disappeared. The Los Angeles chapter, with a membership of approximately 200 women architects and designers in the Los Angeles area with members-at-large across the country is the only surviving original chapter. In 1975, the AWA altered its name to the Association FOR Women in Architecture. Its current name was adopted in 2012 as Association for Women in Architecture \u0026#x002B; Design (AWA\u0026#x002B;D).","The AWA\u0026#x002B;D holds annual meetings, gives out scholarships to women architecture students, and acts as a clearinghouse for information about women's status in the field of architecture.","Source: \"AWA\u0026#x002B;D History: Herstory of the Organization\", Association for Women in Architecture \u0026#x002B; Design, https://www.awaplusd.org/our-history"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Association for Women in Architecture by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Association for Women in Architecture by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Association for Women in Architecture, Ms1988-022, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Association for Women in Architecture, Ms1988-022, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Association for Women in Architecture Records was completed by L. H. Katz in December 1988. The EAD finding aid was created by Harvey Clark in September 2010.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Association for Women in Architecture Records was completed by L. H. Katz in December 1988. The EAD finding aid was created by Harvey Clark in September 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records of the Association for Women in Architecture include committee reports, convention materials, photographs, presidents files, membership rosters, constitution and bylaws, correspondence, and videotapes. The photographs, slides, videotapes, and posters are filed at the end of the main administrative files.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The records of the Association for Women in Architecture include committee reports, convention materials, photographs, presidents files, membership rosters, constitution and bylaws, correspondence, and videotapes. The photographs, slides, videotapes, and posters are filed at the end of the main administrative files."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ede500997bd00857006d141aebfb3ec6\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Association for Women in Architecture (AWA) was originally founded in 1922 as Alpha Alpha Gamma, a national sorority for women architecture students. In 1934, the alumnae of the sorority formed the Association of Women in Architecture (AWA) (later Association for Women in Architecture) as an organization for professional women architects. Records include committee reports, correspondence, membership forms and rosters, photographs, scrapbooks, treasurer's files, and newsletters.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Association for Women in Architecture (AWA) was originally founded in 1922 as Alpha Alpha Gamma, a national sorority for women architecture students. In 1934, the alumnae of the sorority formed the Association of Women in Architecture (AWA) (later Association for Women in Architecture) as an organization for professional women architects. Records include committee reports, correspondence, membership forms and rosters, photographs, scrapbooks, treasurer's files, and newsletters."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Association for Women in Architecture (U.S.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Association for Women in Architecture (U.S.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Association for Women in Architecture (U.S.)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":224,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:40.347Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1528_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"A Series, Subject Files, 1888/1985","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","parent_ssim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449"],"title_filing_ssi":"A Series, Subject Files","title_ssm":["A Series, Subject Files"],"title_tesim":["A Series, Subject Files"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A Series, Subject Files, 1888/1985"],"text":["A Series, Subject Files, 1888/1985","Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987","English."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1888/1985"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1888-1985, n.d."],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":33,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"language_ssim":["English."],"date_range_isim":[1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:20.776Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1449.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Squires, Arthur M., Papers","title_ssm":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"title_tesim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1888-1987","1940-1987"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1888-1987"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1940-1987"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987"],"text":["Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987","Ms.1987.006","Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Photographs","The collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged in six series: A Series-Subject Files; B Series-Publications; C Series-Correspondence Files; D Series-Diaries; E Series-Materials to go with the Walter E. Lobo/M. W. Kellogg Files (transferred to Lobo Papers, Ms1985-014); and F Series: Books for Archives.","Please note: There is no Box 10.","University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) of Chemical Engineering at Virginia Tech. Member, National Academy of Engineering. Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences.","Educated at University of Missouri (A.B., 1938) and Cornell University (Ph.D., 1947).","Employment: M.W. Kellogg Company (the Kellex Corporation), 1942-1946, participating in design and startup of gaseous diffusion plant at Oak Ridge as part of the Manhattan Project; Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. of New York City, 1946-1959, architect-engineering firm (research laboratories at Trenton, New Jersey) catering to petroleum, chemical, and steel industries; self-employed consultant, 1959-1967; faculty of chemical engineering, The City College of The City University of New York (1967-1976), Department Chairman (1970-1973), Distinguished University Professor (1974-1976); Frank C. Vilbrandt Professor of Chemical Engineering (1976-1982), University Distinguished Professor (1978-1986), and University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute \u0026 State University.","Consultant for U.S. Bureau of Mines, Office of Coal Research, Electric Power Research Institute, United Nations, Office of Technology Assessment, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and others.","Author of The Tender Ship: Governmental Management of Technological Change (1986).","Expert in fluid beds, petroleum refining, hydrocarbon synthesis, coal conversions (gasification, liquefaction, carbonization, combustion), iron ore reduction, low-temperature processes, dust filtration, air pollution control.","Born 1916. Died 2012.","The guide to the Arthur M. Squires Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Arthur M. Squires Papers was completed in prior to 2002. Additional description, based on the inventory and prior arrangement, was completed in 2010.","The Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), consist of extensive correspondence, unpublished research reports, lectures, trip reports, reprints, trip diaries (1968-1982), photographs (1979) from his trip to China, daily work books (1959-1981), and subject files spanning entire career. This collection is unprocessed.","Box E-1 was transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, 1929-1955, Ms1985-014 in November 1987. The box contained:","\"The Improbable Achievement: Chemical Engineering at MIT\"","\"Large Scale Production of Oxygen - Combined Technical Oil Missions Holroyd Report - German Oil Technology\"","\"Guide to Refinery Operating Costs (Process Costimating)\"","\"The German Chemical Industry - A Bibliography of the Chemical, Metallurgical, and Process Industries\"","\"Enriched Air\"","\"List of Process Management's Translations of I. G. Reports - Set No. 46\"","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Please note: A Series-D Series are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987"],"collection_ssim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1987.006"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1987.006"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"creator_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"creators_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1987 and 1988."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["72 Cubic Feet 72 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["72 Cubic Feet 72 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in six series: A Series-Subject Files; B Series-Publications; C Series-Correspondence Files; D Series-Diaries; E Series-Materials to go with the Walter E. Lobo/M. W. Kellogg Files (transferred to Lobo Papers, Ms1985-014); and F Series: Books for Archives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note: There is no Box 10.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in six series: A Series-Subject Files; B Series-Publications; C Series-Correspondence Files; D Series-Diaries; E Series-Materials to go with the Walter E. Lobo/M. W. Kellogg Files (transferred to Lobo Papers, Ms1985-014); and F Series: Books for Archives.","Please note: There is no Box 10."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUniversity Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) of Chemical Engineering at Virginia Tech. Member, National Academy of Engineering. Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEducated at University of Missouri (A.B., 1938) and Cornell University (Ph.D., 1947). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEmployment: M.W. Kellogg Company (the Kellex Corporation), 1942-1946, participating in design and startup of gaseous diffusion plant at Oak Ridge as part of the Manhattan Project; Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. of New York City, 1946-1959, architect-engineering firm (research laboratories at Trenton, New Jersey) catering to petroleum, chemical, and steel industries; self-employed consultant, 1959-1967; faculty of chemical engineering, The City College of The City University of New York (1967-1976), Department Chairman (1970-1973), Distinguished University Professor (1974-1976); Frank C. Vilbrandt Professor of Chemical Engineering (1976-1982), University Distinguished Professor (1978-1986), and University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute \u0026amp; State University. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsultant for U.S. Bureau of Mines, Office of Coal Research, Electric Power Research Institute, United Nations, Office of Technology Assessment, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and others. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAuthor of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Tender Ship: Governmental Management of Technological Change\u003c/emph\u003e (1986). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpert in fluid beds, petroleum refining, hydrocarbon synthesis, coal conversions (gasification, liquefaction, carbonization, combustion), iron ore reduction, low-temperature processes, dust filtration, air pollution control. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn 1916. Died 2012.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) of Chemical Engineering at Virginia Tech. Member, National Academy of Engineering. Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences.","Educated at University of Missouri (A.B., 1938) and Cornell University (Ph.D., 1947).","Employment: M.W. Kellogg Company (the Kellex Corporation), 1942-1946, participating in design and startup of gaseous diffusion plant at Oak Ridge as part of the Manhattan Project; Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. of New York City, 1946-1959, architect-engineering firm (research laboratories at Trenton, New Jersey) catering to petroleum, chemical, and steel industries; self-employed consultant, 1959-1967; faculty of chemical engineering, The City College of The City University of New York (1967-1976), Department Chairman (1970-1973), Distinguished University Professor (1974-1976); Frank C. Vilbrandt Professor of Chemical Engineering (1976-1982), University Distinguished Professor (1978-1986), and University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute \u0026 State University.","Consultant for U.S. Bureau of Mines, Office of Coal Research, Electric Power Research Institute, United Nations, Office of Technology Assessment, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and others.","Author of The Tender Ship: Governmental Management of Technological Change (1986).","Expert in fluid beds, petroleum refining, hydrocarbon synthesis, coal conversions (gasification, liquefaction, carbonization, combustion), iron ore reduction, low-temperature processes, dust filtration, air pollution control.","Born 1916. Died 2012."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Arthur M. Squires Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Arthur M. Squires Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), Ms1987-006, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), Ms1987-006, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Arthur M. Squires Papers was completed in prior to 2002. Additional description, based on the inventory and prior arrangement, was completed in 2010.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Arthur M. Squires Papers was completed in prior to 2002. Additional description, based on the inventory and prior arrangement, was completed in 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), consist of extensive correspondence, unpublished research reports, lectures, trip reports, reprints, trip diaries (1968-1982), photographs (1979) from his trip to China, daily work books (1959-1981), and subject files spanning entire career. This collection is unprocessed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), consist of extensive correspondence, unpublished research reports, lectures, trip reports, reprints, trip diaries (1968-1982), photographs (1979) from his trip to China, daily work books (1959-1981), and subject files spanning entire career. This collection is unprocessed."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox E-1 was transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, 1929-1955, Ms1985-014 in November 1987. The box contained: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Improbable Achievement: Chemical Engineering at MIT\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Large Scale Production of Oxygen - Combined Technical Oil Missions Holroyd Report - German Oil Technology\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Guide to Refinery Operating Costs (Process Costimating)\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The German Chemical Industry - A Bibliography of the Chemical, Metallurgical, and Process Industries\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Enriched Air\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"List of Process Management's Translations of I. G. Reports - Set No. 46\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Box E-1 was transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, 1929-1955, Ms1985-014 in November 1987. The box contained:","\"The Improbable Achievement: Chemical Engineering at MIT\"","\"Large Scale Production of Oxygen - Combined Technical Oil Missions Holroyd Report - German Oil Technology\"","\"Guide to Refinery Operating Costs (Process Costimating)\"","\"The German Chemical Industry - A Bibliography of the Chemical, Metallurgical, and Process Industries\"","\"Enriched Air\"","\"List of Process Management's Translations of I. G. Reports - Set No. 46\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_8ada9e8fb68f1484eb84e7a03592017b\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e A Series-D Series are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Please note: A Series-D Series are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1700,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:20.776Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1987_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Awards and Plaques, 1951/1983","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1987_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1987_c02","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1987_c02"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1987_c02","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1987","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1987","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1987","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1987","parent_ssim":["Benjamin Cottrell Papers, 1910/1983"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1987"],"title_filing_ssi":"Awards and Plaques","title_ssm":["Awards and Plaques"],"title_tesim":["Awards and Plaques"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Awards and Plaques, 1951/1983"],"text":["Awards and Plaques, 1951/1983","Benjamin Cottrell Papers, 1910/1983"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Benjamin Cottrell Papers, 1910/1983"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Benjamin Cottrell Papers, 1910/1983"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1951/1983"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1951-1983, n.d."],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":7,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin Cottrell Papers, 1910/1983"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":5,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:10.724Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1987","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1987","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1987","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1987","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1987.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Cottrell, Benjamin, Papers","title_ssm":["Benjamin Cottrell Papers"],"title_tesim":["Benjamin Cottrell Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1910-1983"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1910-1983"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1910/1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Benjamin Cottrell Papers, 1910/1983"],"text":["Benjamin Cottrell Papers, 1910/1983","Ms.1994.035","Students and alumni","University History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized by material type.","Benjamin Cottrell graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1916 with a bachelor's degree in Civil Engineering. He spent most of his life working in railroad and highway development in South America. He was a member of the VPI Alumni Century Club. Cottrell died in 1972.","The guide to the  Benjamin Cottrell Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Benjamin Cottrell Papers was completed in September 2013.","This collection contains the papers, photographs, diplomas, certificates, correspondence, and scrapbooks of Benjamin Cottrell. Cottrell graduated from VPI in 1916 and spent his career working as a highway and railroad engineer in Costa Rica and Bolivia. Much of the newspapers, scrapbooks, photographs, and other papers in the collection relate to his work abroad. Other materials relate to his activities as a VPI alumnus.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers, photographs, diplomas, certificates, correspondence, and scrapbooks of Benjamin Cottrell from 1910-1983. Cottrell, a 1916 VPI graduate with a degree in Civil Engineering, spent part of his career working on railroads and highways in Central and South America.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Cottrell, Benjamin, d.1972","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Benjamin Cottrell Papers, 1910/1983"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin Cottrell Papers, 1910/1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.035"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.035"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Cottrell, Benjamin, d.1972"],"creator_ssim":["Cottrell, Benjamin, d.1972"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cottrell, Benjamin, d.1972"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"creators_ssim":["Cottrell, Benjamin, d.1972","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was dontated to Special Collections in October 1993."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Students and alumni","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Students and alumni","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.7 Cubic Feet 7 boxes, 2 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["1.7 Cubic Feet 7 boxes, 2 oversize folders"],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized by material type.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Cottrell graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1916 with a bachelor's degree in Civil Engineering. He spent most of his life working in railroad and highway development in South America. He was a member of the VPI Alumni Century Club. Cottrell died in 1972.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Benjamin Cottrell graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1916 with a bachelor's degree in Civil Engineering. He spent most of his life working in railroad and highway development in South America. He was a member of the VPI Alumni Century Club. Cottrell died in 1972."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the  Benjamin Cottrell Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the  Benjamin Cottrell Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Benjamin Cottrell Papers, Ms1994-035, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Benjamin Cottrell Papers, Ms1994-035, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Benjamin Cottrell Papers was completed in September 2013.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Benjamin Cottrell Papers was completed in September 2013."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers, photographs, diplomas, certificates, correspondence, and scrapbooks of Benjamin Cottrell. Cottrell graduated from VPI in 1916 and spent his career working as a highway and railroad engineer in Costa Rica and Bolivia. Much of the newspapers, scrapbooks, photographs, and other papers in the collection relate to his work abroad. Other materials relate to his activities as a VPI alumnus.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers, photographs, diplomas, certificates, correspondence, and scrapbooks of Benjamin Cottrell. Cottrell graduated from VPI in 1916 and spent his career working as a highway and railroad engineer in Costa Rica and Bolivia. Much of the newspapers, scrapbooks, photographs, and other papers in the collection relate to his work abroad. Other materials relate to his activities as a VPI alumnus."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1c1e40e91faa745d8b2b48a6bbacd172\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers, photographs, diplomas, certificates, correspondence, and scrapbooks of Benjamin Cottrell from 1910-1983. Cottrell, a 1916 VPI graduate with a degree in Civil Engineering, spent part of his career working on railroads and highways in Central and South America.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers, photographs, diplomas, certificates, correspondence, and scrapbooks of Benjamin Cottrell from 1910-1983. Cottrell, a 1916 VPI graduate with a degree in Civil Engineering, spent part of his career working on railroads and highways in Central and South America."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"persname_ssim":["Cottrell, Benjamin, d.1972"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Cottrell, Benjamin, d.1972"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":25,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:10.724Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1987_c02"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2153_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Biographical, 1850/1994","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2153_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2153_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2153_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2153_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2153","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2153","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2153","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2153","parent_ssim":["John Janney Papers, 1811/1994, bulk 1840/1880"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2153"],"title_filing_ssi":"Biographical,","title_ssm":["Biographical"],"title_tesim":["Biographical"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Biographical, 1850/1994"],"text":["Biographical, 1850/1994","John Janney Papers, 1811/1994, bulk 1840/1880"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["John Janney Papers, 1811/1994, bulk 1840/1880"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["John Janney Papers, 1811/1994, bulk 1840/1880"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1850/1994"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1850-1994, n.d."],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["John Janney Papers, 1811/1994, bulk 1840/1880"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:22.775Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2153","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2153","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2153","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2153","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2153.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Janney, John, Papers","title_ssm":["John Janney Papers"],"title_tesim":["John Janney Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1811-1994","1840-1880"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1811-1994"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1840-1880"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1811/1994, bulk 1840/1880"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Janney Papers, 1811/1994, bulk 1840/1880"],"text":["John Janney Papers, 1811/1994, bulk 1840/1880","Ms.2001.019","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Civil War","Collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged into three series:","Series I: Biographical Information is arranged in three subseries: John Janney, Journal of the Convention, and Miscellaneous Government Documents. This series includes biographical information, newspapers, inventory of property, and Convention minutes. Each subseries is arranged chronologically.","Series II: Correspondence is arranged in nine subseries: John Janney with Alice Janney (wife); Janney Family Letters; Letters to Alice Janney; Pollock Family Papers; John Janney Letters; John Janney Legal Letters and Court Cases; Court Cases; Miscellaneous Letters, and Letters and Ledgers.","Series III: Books, Periodicals, and Media is arranged in three subseries: Books, Periodicals, and Media.","On November 8, 1798, John Janney was born in Alexandria, Virginia, to Elisha and Mary Janney. The Janneys were members of the religious denomination of Friends or Quakers. Janney obtained little formal education, instead going to work at his father's mill. He later left the mill to study law, and at the age of eighteen, he entered the Bar in Loudoun County. On January 26, 1826, Janney married Alcinda (Alice) Marmaduke. When separated, they wrote almost daily letters to one another.","Janney became a respected lawyer and in 1850 he represented Loudoun County at the Virginia Constitutional Convention. Janney also served his state when he accepted the position as President of the Virginia Secession Convention in 1861. As a strong Whig and Unionist, Janney fought against secession and voted against it twice. When secession finally passed, Janney embraced it fully. He signed the Ordinance of Secession and formally appointed Robert E. Lee as commander of military forces of Virginia. Janney continued to serve as a lawyer in Loudoun until his death in 1872.","Charles Janney, nephew of John Janney, was born May 27, 1839 to James and Rebecca Janney. Charles Janney attended the Benjamin Hallowell School in Alexandria, Virginia until his eighteenth birthday. After graduation, Janney worked at his father's flour mill while also studying the law. Janney ran for office and was elected clerk of the county court for Loudoun and served in that position until he entered the Bar in 1871. In 1921, he was elected as mayor of Leesburg and served for two years.","Charles Janney married Nannie Lee Pollock on November 23, 1868. They had eight children: Thomas, Rebecca, Lilas, Charles P., A.D. Pollock, Phillip, Nannie, and John.","The guide to the John Janney Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the John Janney Papers commenced and was completed in 2001.","The John Janney Papers consist of over 800 letters written to John Janney and members of his family. The most influential letters are ones written between John Janney and his wife while Janney served as President of the Virginia Secession Convention. In these letters Janney gives brief details of the Convention and comments on the other delegates in attendance. Other letters are between Charles Janney and his wife and family. The bulk of the letters describe legal matters and are from John Janney's years as a practicing lawyer. Additional materials include biographical information, books, and periodicals.","Images from this collection are available on Imagebase.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The John Janney Papers consist of over 800 letters written to John Janney and members of his family. Other materials include biographical information, books, and periodicals.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Janney family","Janney, John, 1798-1872","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["John Janney Papers, 1811/1994, bulk 1840/1880"],"collection_ssim":["John Janney Papers, 1811/1994, bulk 1840/1880"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2001.019"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2001.019"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Janney, John, 1798-1872"],"creator_ssim":["Janney, John, 1798-1872"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Janney, John, 1798-1872"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Janney family"],"creators_ssim":["Janney, John, 1798-1872","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Janney family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The John Janney Papers were donated to Special Collections in 2000."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Civil War"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Civil War"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8 Cubic Feet 19 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8 Cubic Feet 19 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Biographical Information is arranged in three subseries: John Janney, Journal of the Convention, and Miscellaneous Government Documents. This series includes biographical information, newspapers, inventory of property, and Convention minutes. Each subseries is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Correspondence is arranged in nine subseries: John Janney with Alice Janney (wife); Janney Family Letters; Letters to Alice Janney; Pollock Family Papers; John Janney Letters; John Janney Legal Letters and Court Cases; Court Cases; Miscellaneous Letters, and Letters and Ledgers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Books, Periodicals, and Media is arranged in three subseries: Books, Periodicals, and Media.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series:","Series I: Biographical Information is arranged in three subseries: John Janney, Journal of the Convention, and Miscellaneous Government Documents. This series includes biographical information, newspapers, inventory of property, and Convention minutes. Each subseries is arranged chronologically.","Series II: Correspondence is arranged in nine subseries: John Janney with Alice Janney (wife); Janney Family Letters; Letters to Alice Janney; Pollock Family Papers; John Janney Letters; John Janney Legal Letters and Court Cases; Court Cases; Miscellaneous Letters, and Letters and Ledgers.","Series III: Books, Periodicals, and Media is arranged in three subseries: Books, Periodicals, and Media."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn November 8, 1798, John Janney was born in Alexandria, Virginia, to Elisha and Mary Janney. The Janneys were members of the religious denomination of Friends or Quakers. Janney obtained little formal education, instead going to work at his father's mill. He later left the mill to study law, and at the age of eighteen, he entered the Bar in Loudoun County. On January 26, 1826, Janney married Alcinda (Alice) Marmaduke. When separated, they wrote almost daily letters to one another.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanney became a respected lawyer and in 1850 he represented Loudoun County at the Virginia Constitutional Convention. Janney also served his state when he accepted the position as President of the Virginia Secession Convention in 1861. As a strong Whig and Unionist, Janney fought against secession and voted against it twice. When secession finally passed, Janney embraced it fully. He signed the Ordinance of Secession and formally appointed Robert E. Lee as commander of military forces of Virginia. Janney continued to serve as a lawyer in Loudoun until his death in 1872.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharles Janney, nephew of John Janney, was born May 27, 1839 to James and Rebecca Janney. Charles Janney attended the Benjamin Hallowell School in Alexandria, Virginia until his eighteenth birthday. After graduation, Janney worked at his father's flour mill while also studying the law. Janney ran for office and was elected clerk of the county court for Loudoun and served in that position until he entered the Bar in 1871. In 1921, he was elected as mayor of Leesburg and served for two years.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharles Janney married Nannie Lee Pollock on November 23, 1868. They had eight children: Thomas, Rebecca, Lilas, Charles P., A.D. Pollock, Phillip, Nannie, and John.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["On November 8, 1798, John Janney was born in Alexandria, Virginia, to Elisha and Mary Janney. The Janneys were members of the religious denomination of Friends or Quakers. Janney obtained little formal education, instead going to work at his father's mill. He later left the mill to study law, and at the age of eighteen, he entered the Bar in Loudoun County. On January 26, 1826, Janney married Alcinda (Alice) Marmaduke. When separated, they wrote almost daily letters to one another.","Janney became a respected lawyer and in 1850 he represented Loudoun County at the Virginia Constitutional Convention. Janney also served his state when he accepted the position as President of the Virginia Secession Convention in 1861. As a strong Whig and Unionist, Janney fought against secession and voted against it twice. When secession finally passed, Janney embraced it fully. He signed the Ordinance of Secession and formally appointed Robert E. Lee as commander of military forces of Virginia. Janney continued to serve as a lawyer in Loudoun until his death in 1872.","Charles Janney, nephew of John Janney, was born May 27, 1839 to James and Rebecca Janney. Charles Janney attended the Benjamin Hallowell School in Alexandria, Virginia until his eighteenth birthday. After graduation, Janney worked at his father's flour mill while also studying the law. Janney ran for office and was elected clerk of the county court for Loudoun and served in that position until he entered the Bar in 1871. In 1921, he was elected as mayor of Leesburg and served for two years.","Charles Janney married Nannie Lee Pollock on November 23, 1868. They had eight children: Thomas, Rebecca, Lilas, Charles P., A.D. Pollock, Phillip, Nannie, and John."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the John Janney Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the John Janney Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], John Janney Papers, Ms2001-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], John Janney Papers, Ms2001-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the John Janney Papers commenced and was completed in 2001.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the John Janney Papers commenced and was completed in 2001."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe John Janney Papers consist of over 800 letters written to John Janney and members of his family. The most influential letters are ones written between John Janney and his wife while Janney served as President of the Virginia Secession Convention. In these letters Janney gives brief details of the Convention and comments on the other delegates in attendance. Other letters are between Charles Janney and his wife and family. The bulk of the letters describe legal matters and are from John Janney's years as a practicing lawyer. Additional materials include biographical information, books, and periodicals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://imagebase.lib.vt.edu/browse.php?folio_ID=/cw/janney\" title=\"Images\"\u003eImages\u003c/extref\u003e from this collection are available on Imagebase.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The John Janney Papers consist of over 800 letters written to John Janney and members of his family. The most influential letters are ones written between John Janney and his wife while Janney served as President of the Virginia Secession Convention. In these letters Janney gives brief details of the Convention and comments on the other delegates in attendance. Other letters are between Charles Janney and his wife and family. The bulk of the letters describe legal matters and are from John Janney's years as a practicing lawyer. Additional materials include biographical information, books, and periodicals.","Images from this collection are available on Imagebase."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e661b19b6246d04bd6d0577648f66fd2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe John Janney Papers consist of over 800 letters written to John Janney and members of his family. Other materials include biographical information, books, and periodicals.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The John Janney Papers consist of over 800 letters written to John Janney and members of his family. Other materials include biographical information, books, and periodicals."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Janney family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Janney family","Janney, John, 1798-1872"],"persname_ssim":["Janney, John, 1798-1872"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Janney family","Janney, John, 1798-1872"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":242,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:22.775Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2153_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2248_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Biographical Information, 1917/2003","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2248_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes copies of academic records, copy of newspaper article about Skala, printed material containing information about the architectural program at the University of Dresden, articles by and about Skala (translated into English), and press material for Libby Skala's play, \u003cem\u003eLiLiA! \u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2248_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2248_c02","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2248_c02"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2248_c02","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2248","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2248","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2248","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2248","parent_ssim":["Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio, 1915/2003, bulk 1915/1928"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2248"],"title_filing_ssi":"Biographical Information","title_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"title_tesim":["Biographical Information"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Biographical Information, 1917/2003"],"text":["Biographical Information, 1917/2003","Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio, 1915/2003, bulk 1915/1928","box 1","folder 1-7","Includes copies of academic records, copy of newspaper article about Skala, printed material containing information about the architectural program at the University of Dresden, articles by and about Skala (translated into English), and press material for Libby Skala's play, LiLiA! ."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio, 1915/2003, bulk 1915/1928"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio, 1915/2003, bulk 1915/1928"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1917/2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1917-1928, 2003"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":15,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio, 1915/2003, bulk 1915/1928"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 1-7"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes copies of academic records, copy of newspaper article about Skala, printed material containing information about the architectural program at the University of Dresden, articles by and about Skala (translated into English), and press material for Libby Skala's play, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eLiLiA! \u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes copies of academic records, copy of newspaper article about Skala, printed material containing information about the architectural program at the University of Dresden, articles by and about Skala (translated into English), and press material for Libby Skala's play, LiLiA! ."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:22.775Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2248","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2248","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2248","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2248","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2248.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Skala, Lilia Sofer, Student Portfolio","title_ssm":["Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio"],"title_tesim":["Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio"],"unitdate_ssm":["1915-1928, 2003, n.d.","1915-1928"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915-1928, 2003, n.d."],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1915-1928"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1915/2003, bulk 1915/1928"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio, 1915/2003, bulk 1915/1928"],"text":["Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio, 1915/2003, bulk 1915/1928","Ms.2003.015","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Photographs","Watercolors (paintings)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into two series of Drawings and Biographical Information.","Lilia Sofer Skala was born in Vienna, Austria in 1896. She earned a degree in architecture from the University of Dresden and became the first female member of the Austrian Association of Engineers and Architects, practicing architecture.","Skala became a successful stage and film actress in Europe before fleeing the Nazis with her husband and two sons. Among the personal belongings with which she escaped was her portfolio of student work from the University of Dresden.","Skala immigrated to the United States in 1939 and eventually found success as an actress on Broadway and in television and film. She was nominated for an Academy Award in 1963 for her role as Mother Maria in  Lilies of the Field .","Skala passed away in 1994.","The guide to the Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio was completed in July 2004. Translations were incorporated in March 2011, and an addition was incorporated in July 2013.","The collection primarily consists of Lilia Sofer Skala's work as a student of architecture at the University of Dresden from 1915 to 1920. The student work includes architectural drawings, ink and charcoal sketches, and watercolor paintings. The collection also consists of biographical information including copies of Skala's academic records, printed material about the architectural program at the University of Dresden at the turn of the century, articles by and about Skala, and press material for  LiLiA! , a play about Skala written and performed by her grandaughter, Libby Skala.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes a student portfolio of Lilia Sofer Skala, who studied architecture at the University of Dresden from 1915 to 1920. It consists of her work as a student, including architectural drawings, sketches, photographs, and watercolor paintings, copies of her academic records, and other printed material.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Skala, Lilia Sofer, 1896-1994","The materials in the collection are in German with some items translated into English. The translation was performed by Andrew Creamer."],"collection_title_tesim":["Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio, 1915/2003, bulk 1915/1928"],"collection_ssim":["Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio, 1915/2003, bulk 1915/1928"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2003.015"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2003.015"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Skala, Lilia Sofer, 1896-1994"],"creator_ssim":["Skala, Lilia Sofer, 1896-1994"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Skala, Lilia Sofer, 1896-1994"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Skala, Lilia Sofer, 1896-1994","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio was donated to the International Archive of Women in Architecture at Special Collections in 2002. Additional materials were donated in 2004 and 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Photographs","Watercolors (paintings)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Photographs","Watercolors (paintings)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Cubic Feet 1 box, 12 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["1 Cubic Feet 1 box, 12 oversize folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs","Watercolors (paintings)"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into two series of Drawings and Biographical Information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into two series of Drawings and Biographical Information."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLilia Sofer Skala was born in Vienna, Austria in 1896. She earned a degree in architecture from the University of Dresden and became the first female member of the Austrian Association of Engineers and Architects, practicing architecture. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSkala became a successful stage and film actress in Europe before fleeing the Nazis with her husband and two sons. Among the personal belongings with which she escaped was her portfolio of student work from the University of Dresden. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSkala immigrated to the United States in 1939 and eventually found success as an actress on Broadway and in television and film. She was nominated for an Academy Award in 1963 for her role as Mother Maria in \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e Lilies of the Field \u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSkala passed away in 1994. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lilia Sofer Skala was born in Vienna, Austria in 1896. She earned a degree in architecture from the University of Dresden and became the first female member of the Austrian Association of Engineers and Architects, practicing architecture.","Skala became a successful stage and film actress in Europe before fleeing the Nazis with her husband and two sons. Among the personal belongings with which she escaped was her portfolio of student work from the University of Dresden.","Skala immigrated to the United States in 1939 and eventually found success as an actress on Broadway and in television and film. She was nominated for an Academy Award in 1963 for her role as Mother Maria in  Lilies of the Field .","Skala passed away in 1994."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio, Ms2003-015, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio, Ms2003-015, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio was completed in July 2004. Translations were incorporated in March 2011, and an addition was incorporated in July 2013.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Lilia Sofer Skala Student Portfolio was completed in July 2004. Translations were incorporated in March 2011, and an addition was incorporated in July 2013."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection primarily consists of Lilia Sofer Skala's work as a student of architecture at the University of Dresden from 1915 to 1920. The student work includes architectural drawings, ink and charcoal sketches, and watercolor paintings. The collection also consists of biographical information including copies of Skala's academic records, printed material about the architectural program at the University of Dresden at the turn of the century, articles by and about Skala, and press material for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e LiLiA! \u003c/title\u003e, a play about Skala written and performed by her grandaughter, Libby Skala.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection primarily consists of Lilia Sofer Skala's work as a student of architecture at the University of Dresden from 1915 to 1920. The student work includes architectural drawings, ink and charcoal sketches, and watercolor paintings. The collection also consists of biographical information including copies of Skala's academic records, printed material about the architectural program at the University of Dresden at the turn of the century, articles by and about Skala, and press material for  LiLiA! , a play about Skala written and performed by her grandaughter, Libby Skala."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0c594e0581dc7debc3bd4cdccd73a7fa\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes a student portfolio of Lilia Sofer Skala, who studied architecture at the University of Dresden from 1915 to 1920. It consists of her work as a student, including architectural drawings, sketches, photographs, and watercolor paintings, copies of her academic records, and other printed material.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes a student portfolio of Lilia Sofer Skala, who studied architecture at the University of Dresden from 1915 to 1920. It consists of her work as a student, including architectural drawings, sketches, photographs, and watercolor paintings, copies of her academic records, and other printed material."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Skala, Lilia Sofer, 1896-1994"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Skala, Lilia Sofer, 1896-1994"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in German with some items translated into English. The translation was performed by Andrew Creamer."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":15,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:22.775Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2248_c02"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2410_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Biographical Information and Independent Projects, 1939/1994","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2410_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2410_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2410_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2410_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2410","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2410","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2410","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2410","parent_ssim":["Dorothy Alexander Architectural Collection, 1939/1994"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2410"],"title_filing_ssi":"Biographical Information and Independent Projects","title_ssm":["Biographical Information and Independent Projects"],"title_tesim":["Biographical Information and Independent Projects"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Biographical Information and Independent Projects, 1939/1994"],"text":["Biographical Information and Independent Projects, 1939/1994","Dorothy Alexander Architectural Collection, 1939/1994"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dorothy Alexander Architectural Collection, 1939/1994"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dorothy Alexander Architectural Collection, 1939/1994"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1939/1994"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1939-1994"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Dorothy Alexander Architectural Collection, 1939/1994"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":37,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:52.444Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2410","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2410","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2410","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2410","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2410.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Alexander, Dorothy, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Dorothy Alexander Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Dorothy Alexander Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1939-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1994"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1939/1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dorothy Alexander Architectural Collection, 1939/1994"],"text":["Dorothy Alexander Architectural Collection, 1939/1994","Ms.2008.089","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Collection is open to research.","The collection is separated into two series. Series I consists of biographical materials and drawings done by Dorothy Alexander as an independent architect. Series II consists of blueprints drawn by Dorothy Alexander while working for other firms. Drawings and other materials are arranged in chronological order.","Dorothy Dusty Baxter Alexander was educated at the McGill University Architectural School in Montreal. She started work for the architect, John Carl Warnecke in February, 1955. She later worked for the firm Wurster, Bernardi, and Emmons before starting her own firm in April of 1961. Her architectural credits include commercial remodelling for the Arriflex Corporation, Lowel-Light Manufacturing, Panavision and the Jack Tilton Gallery. She has also done restoration work on housing, as well as, designed houses and duplexes in the San Francisco area.","Alexander also works as a photographer. In 1981, Alexander became a staff photographer for Skyline, the magazine for the Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies. During the 1980s through the early 1990s, she worked as a photographer for The Writer's Voice, The Academy of American Poets, West Side Spirit, and the Toronto Globe \u0026 Mail. Since the late 1980s Alexander worked as a photographer for Oculus, the magazine for the New York Chapter of the American Institute of Architects.","Alexander's photographs have been the subjects of numerous exhibitions in New York. They focus on urban landscapes, street portraits, and some abstract work. Her work is in the main collections at the Bibliotheque Nationale de Paris and the National Portrait Gallery in Washington, DC.","The guide to the Dorothy Alexander Architecture Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Dorothy Alexander Collection began in October 2008 and was completed in December 2008. Additional materials were added in June 2012.","See also the Dorothy Alexander Photographs, 1974 (0.1 cu. ft.) in IAWA Small Collections Ms2009-054.","The collection consists primarily of Alexander's works as an architect. This includes building plans and specifications for work done for the Arriflex Corporation, Lowel-Light Manufacturing, and the Jack Tilton Gallery, as well as many other projects. The collection also includes blueprints for building designed by Alexander while working for the architectural firms of Wurster, Bernardi, and Emmons Architects and James Baker and Peter Blake Architects. Other materials include a curriculum vitae, correspondence, and an article about Alexander published in the San Francisco Examiner.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Dorothy Alexander was educated at the McGill University Architectural School in Montreal. She worked for several firms including Wurster, Bernardi, and Emmons Architects before starting her own firm in 1961. The collection consists primarily of drawings, sketches, and building specifications for buildings designed by the architect Dorothy Alexander. Projects include remodeling work for the Arriflex Corporation, Lowel-Light Manufacturing, as well as several houses designed and built in California.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Alexander, Dorothy Baxter","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Dorothy Alexander Architectural Collection, 1939/1994"],"collection_ssim":["Dorothy Alexander Architectural Collection, 1939/1994"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2008.089"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2008.089"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Alexander, Dorothy Baxter"],"creator_ssim":["Alexander, Dorothy Baxter"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Alexander, Dorothy Baxter"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Alexander, Dorothy Baxter","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Dorothy Alexander Architecture Collection was donated to the IAWA here in Special Collections in 2008."],"access_subjects_ssim":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.1 Cubic Feet 15 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3.1 Cubic Feet 15 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is separated into two series. Series I consists of biographical materials and drawings done by Dorothy Alexander as an independent architect. Series II consists of blueprints drawn by Dorothy Alexander while working for other firms. Drawings and other materials are arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is separated into two series. Series I consists of biographical materials and drawings done by Dorothy Alexander as an independent architect. Series II consists of blueprints drawn by Dorothy Alexander while working for other firms. Drawings and other materials are arranged in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDorothy \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eDusty\u003c/title\u003e Baxter Alexander was educated at the McGill University Architectural School in Montreal. She started work for the architect, John Carl Warnecke in February, 1955. She later worked for the firm Wurster, Bernardi, and Emmons before starting her own firm in April of 1961. Her architectural credits include commercial remodelling for the Arriflex Corporation, Lowel-Light Manufacturing, Panavision and the Jack Tilton Gallery. She has also done restoration work on housing, as well as, designed houses and duplexes in the San Francisco area. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexander also works as a photographer. In 1981, Alexander became a staff photographer for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSkyline\u003c/title\u003e, the magazine for the Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies. During the 1980s through the early 1990s, she worked as a photographer for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Writer's Voice\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Academy of American Poets\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Side Spirit\u003c/title\u003e, and the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eToronto Globe \u0026amp; Mail\u003c/title\u003e. Since the late 1980s Alexander worked as a photographer for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eOculus\u003c/title\u003e, the magazine for the New York Chapter of the American Institute of Architects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexander's photographs have been the subjects of numerous exhibitions in New York. They focus on urban landscapes, street portraits, and some abstract work. Her work is in the main collections at the Bibliotheque Nationale de Paris and the National Portrait Gallery in Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dorothy Dusty Baxter Alexander was educated at the McGill University Architectural School in Montreal. She started work for the architect, John Carl Warnecke in February, 1955. She later worked for the firm Wurster, Bernardi, and Emmons before starting her own firm in April of 1961. Her architectural credits include commercial remodelling for the Arriflex Corporation, Lowel-Light Manufacturing, Panavision and the Jack Tilton Gallery. She has also done restoration work on housing, as well as, designed houses and duplexes in the San Francisco area.","Alexander also works as a photographer. In 1981, Alexander became a staff photographer for Skyline, the magazine for the Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies. During the 1980s through the early 1990s, she worked as a photographer for The Writer's Voice, The Academy of American Poets, West Side Spirit, and the Toronto Globe \u0026 Mail. Since the late 1980s Alexander worked as a photographer for Oculus, the magazine for the New York Chapter of the American Institute of Architects.","Alexander's photographs have been the subjects of numerous exhibitions in New York. They focus on urban landscapes, street portraits, and some abstract work. Her work is in the main collections at the Bibliotheque Nationale de Paris and the National Portrait Gallery in Washington, DC."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Dorothy Alexander Architecture Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Dorothy Alexander Architecture Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Dorothy Alexander Architecture Collection, Ms2008-089, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Dorothy Alexander Architecture Collection, Ms2008-089, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Dorothy Alexander Collection began in October 2008 and was completed in December 2008. Additional materials were added in June 2012.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Dorothy Alexander Collection began in October 2008 and was completed in December 2008. Additional materials were added in June 2012."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also the Dorothy Alexander Photographs, 1974 (0.1 cu. ft.) in \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00507.xml\" show=\"new\" title=\"IAWA Small Collections\"\u003eIAWA Small Collections Ms2009-054.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also the Dorothy Alexander Photographs, 1974 (0.1 cu. ft.) in IAWA Small Collections Ms2009-054."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists primarily of Alexander's works as an architect. This includes building plans and specifications for work done for the Arriflex Corporation, Lowel-Light Manufacturing, and the Jack Tilton Gallery, as well as many other projects. The collection also includes blueprints for building designed by Alexander while working for the architectural firms of Wurster, Bernardi, and Emmons Architects and James Baker and Peter Blake Architects. Other materials include a curriculum vitae, correspondence, and an article about Alexander published in the San Francisco Examiner.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists primarily of Alexander's works as an architect. This includes building plans and specifications for work done for the Arriflex Corporation, Lowel-Light Manufacturing, and the Jack Tilton Gallery, as well as many other projects. The collection also includes blueprints for building designed by Alexander while working for the architectural firms of Wurster, Bernardi, and Emmons Architects and James Baker and Peter Blake Architects. Other materials include a curriculum vitae, correspondence, and an article about Alexander published in the San Francisco Examiner."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2d6d318b7be29046f075c02917482384\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eDorothy Alexander was educated at the McGill University Architectural School in Montreal. She worked for several firms including Wurster, Bernardi, and Emmons Architects before starting her own firm in 1961. The collection consists primarily of drawings, sketches, and building specifications for buildings designed by the architect Dorothy Alexander. Projects include remodeling work for the Arriflex Corporation, Lowel-Light Manufacturing, as well as several houses designed and built in California.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Dorothy Alexander was educated at the McGill University Architectural School in Montreal. She worked for several firms including Wurster, Bernardi, and Emmons Architects before starting her own firm in 1961. The collection consists primarily of drawings, sketches, and building specifications for buildings designed by the architect Dorothy Alexander. Projects include remodeling work for the Arriflex Corporation, Lowel-Light Manufacturing, as well as several houses designed and built in California."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Alexander, Dorothy Baxter"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Alexander, Dorothy Baxter"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":59,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:52.444Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2410_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2149_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Biographical Notes, 1960/2009","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2149_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2149_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2149_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2149_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2149","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2149","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2149","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2149","parent_ssim":["Sally Waldner Bould Stan Architectural Collection, 1940/1997"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2149"],"title_filing_ssi":"Biographical Notes","title_ssm":["Biographical Notes"],"title_tesim":["Biographical Notes"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Biographical Notes, 1960/2009"],"text":["Biographical Notes, 1960/2009","Sally Waldner Bould Stan Architectural Collection, 1940/1997","folder 1","English."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Sally Waldner Bould Stan Architectural Collection, 1940/1997"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Sally Waldner Bould Stan Architectural Collection, 1940/1997"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960/2009"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-2009"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Sally Waldner Bould Stan Architectural Collection, 1940/1997"],"extent_ssm":["0.02 Cubic Feet 9.5x14.74 inch file folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.02 Cubic Feet 9.5x14.74 inch file folder"],"physfacet_tesim":["printed, typed"],"containers_ssim":["folder 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"language_ssim":["English."],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:22.775Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2149","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2149","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2149","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2149","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2149.xml","title_ssm":["Sally Waldner Bould Stan Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Sally Waldner Bould Stan Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1940-1997, undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-1997, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940/1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sally Waldner Bould Stan Architectural Collection, 1940/1997"],"text":["Sally Waldner Bould Stan Architectural Collection, 1940/1997","Ms.2001.015","History of Women in Architecture","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","The collection is open to research.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Sally Waldner Bould Stan Collection is organized into three series: Biographical Notes, Residential Drawings, and Commercial Notes. Project records are organized alphabetically.","This collection documents the architect Sally Waldner Bould Stan who lived from 1917 to 2008 and who spent most of her life in Lafayette, California. She earned her degree in architecture after 4 years of study at the University of California, Berkeley as one of three women in her class. She married in 1940 and later divorced in 1967. Over the course of her life, Sally designed around 2000 homes as well as numerous notable commercial projects. She was the first woman to serve on the board of the Lafayette Improvement Association, first as secretary; she then advanced through various roles, from treasurer, to vice president, and then to president. Sally continued her professional practice, primarily working from home and getting work via referrals, until retiring in 1998. Her collection contains biographical references and drawings for 55 of her projects. Pictures of her work are available on the VT ImageBase.","The guide to the Sally Waldner Bould Stan Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The collection is comprised of biographical materials and architectural drawings for residential and commercial projects. Among the biographical materials are two brief biographical accounts of Stan's life, a memorial bulletin with a portrait photograph, obituary, and service information. Residential drawings include sepia, diazo, and trace paper drawings. Commercial drawings include sepia and trace paper drawings. Several projects also include engineering calculation notes.","This collection documents the architect Sally Waldner Bould Stan. She lived from 1917 to 2008, spending most of her life in Lafayette, California. Over the course of her life, Sally designed around 2000 homes as well as numerous notable commercial projects before retiring in 1998. Her collection is comprised of biographical notes as well as drawings for 55 of her professional projects. One standard and five oversized folders.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Stan, Sally Waldner Bould, b.1917","Dows, Wena W., 1928-","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Sally Waldner Bould Stan Architectural Collection, 1940/1997"],"collection_ssim":["Sally Waldner Bould Stan Architectural Collection, 1940/1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2001.015"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2001.015"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Stan, Sally Waldner Bould, b.1917","Dows, Wena W., 1928-","Stan, Sally Waldner Bould, b.1917"],"creator_ssim":["Stan, Sally Waldner Bould, b.1917","Dows, Wena W., 1928-","Stan, Sally Waldner Bould, b.1917"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Stan, Sally Waldner Bould, b.1917","Dows, Wena W., 1928-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Stan, Sally Waldner Bould, b.1917","Dows, Wena W., 1928-","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_subjects_ssim":["History of Women in Architecture","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["History of Women in Architecture","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 Cubic Feet 5 folders of 42x30 inches and one folder of 14.75x9.5 inches"],"extent_tesim":["2 Cubic Feet 5 folders of 42x30 inches and one folder of 14.75x9.5 inches"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Sally Waldner Bould Stan Collection is organized into three series: Biographical Notes, Residential Drawings, and Commercial Notes. Project records are organized alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Sally Waldner Bould Stan Collection is organized into three series: Biographical Notes, Residential Drawings, and Commercial Notes. Project records are organized alphabetically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the architect Sally Waldner Bould Stan who lived from 1917 to 2008 and who spent most of her life in Lafayette, California. She earned her degree in architecture after 4 years of study at the University of California, Berkeley as one of three women in her class. She married in 1940 and later divorced in 1967. Over the course of her life, Sally designed around 2000 homes as well as numerous notable commercial projects. She was the first woman to serve on the board of the Lafayette Improvement Association, first as secretary; she then advanced through various roles, from treasurer, to vice president, and then to president. Sally continued her professional practice, primarily working from home and getting work via referrals, until retiring in 1998. Her collection contains biographical references and drawings for 55 of her projects. Pictures of her work are available on the \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://imagebase.lib.vt.edu/browse.php?folio_ID=/iawa/stb\" show=\"new\"\u003eVT ImageBase\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["This collection documents the architect Sally Waldner Bould Stan who lived from 1917 to 2008 and who spent most of her life in Lafayette, California. She earned her degree in architecture after 4 years of study at the University of California, Berkeley as one of three women in her class. She married in 1940 and later divorced in 1967. Over the course of her life, Sally designed around 2000 homes as well as numerous notable commercial projects. She was the first woman to serve on the board of the Lafayette Improvement Association, first as secretary; she then advanced through various roles, from treasurer, to vice president, and then to president. Sally continued her professional practice, primarily working from home and getting work via referrals, until retiring in 1998. Her collection contains biographical references and drawings for 55 of her projects. Pictures of her work are available on the VT ImageBase."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Sally Waldner Bould Stan Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Sally Waldner Bould Stan Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Sally Waldner Bould Stan Architectural Collection, Ms2001-015, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Sally Waldner Bould Stan Architectural Collection, Ms2001-015, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of biographical materials and architectural drawings for residential and commercial projects. Among the biographical materials are two brief biographical accounts of Stan's life, a memorial bulletin with a portrait photograph, obituary, and service information. Residential drawings include sepia, diazo, and trace paper drawings. Commercial drawings include sepia and trace paper drawings. Several projects also include engineering calculation notes.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection is comprised of biographical materials and architectural drawings for residential and commercial projects. Among the biographical materials are two brief biographical accounts of Stan's life, a memorial bulletin with a portrait photograph, obituary, and service information. Residential drawings include sepia, diazo, and trace paper drawings. Commercial drawings include sepia and trace paper drawings. Several projects also include engineering calculation notes."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_da78057b6a88b73e648a5099130cfbfd\"\u003eThis collection documents the architect Sally Waldner Bould Stan. She lived from 1917 to 2008, spending most of her life in Lafayette, California. Over the course of her life, Sally designed around 2000 homes as well as numerous notable commercial projects before retiring in 1998. Her collection is comprised of biographical notes as well as drawings for 55 of her professional projects. One standard and five oversized folders.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection documents the architect Sally Waldner Bould Stan. She lived from 1917 to 2008, spending most of her life in Lafayette, California. Over the course of her life, Sally designed around 2000 homes as well as numerous notable commercial projects before retiring in 1998. Her collection is comprised of biographical notes as well as drawings for 55 of her professional projects. One standard and five oversized folders."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Stan, Sally Waldner Bould, b.1917","Dows, Wena W., 1928-"],"names_coll_ssim":["Dows, Wena W., 1928-","Stan, Sally Waldner Bould, b.1917"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Stan, Sally Waldner Bould, b.1917","Dows, Wena W., 1928-"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":62,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:22.775Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2149_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"B Series, Publications, 1946/1986","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c02","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c02"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c02","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","parent_ssim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449"],"title_filing_ssi":"B Series, Publications","title_ssm":["B Series, Publications"],"title_tesim":["B Series, Publications"],"normalized_title_ssm":["B Series, Publications, 1946/1986"],"text":["B Series, Publications, 1946/1986","Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987","English."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1946/1986"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1946-1986"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":798,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"language_ssim":["English."],"date_range_isim":[1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:20.776Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1449.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Squires, Arthur M., Papers","title_ssm":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"title_tesim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1888-1987","1940-1987"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1888-1987"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1940-1987"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987"],"text":["Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987","Ms.1987.006","Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Photographs","The collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged in six series: A Series-Subject Files; B Series-Publications; C Series-Correspondence Files; D Series-Diaries; E Series-Materials to go with the Walter E. Lobo/M. W. Kellogg Files (transferred to Lobo Papers, Ms1985-014); and F Series: Books for Archives.","Please note: There is no Box 10.","University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) of Chemical Engineering at Virginia Tech. Member, National Academy of Engineering. Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences.","Educated at University of Missouri (A.B., 1938) and Cornell University (Ph.D., 1947).","Employment: M.W. Kellogg Company (the Kellex Corporation), 1942-1946, participating in design and startup of gaseous diffusion plant at Oak Ridge as part of the Manhattan Project; Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. of New York City, 1946-1959, architect-engineering firm (research laboratories at Trenton, New Jersey) catering to petroleum, chemical, and steel industries; self-employed consultant, 1959-1967; faculty of chemical engineering, The City College of The City University of New York (1967-1976), Department Chairman (1970-1973), Distinguished University Professor (1974-1976); Frank C. Vilbrandt Professor of Chemical Engineering (1976-1982), University Distinguished Professor (1978-1986), and University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute \u0026 State University.","Consultant for U.S. Bureau of Mines, Office of Coal Research, Electric Power Research Institute, United Nations, Office of Technology Assessment, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and others.","Author of The Tender Ship: Governmental Management of Technological Change (1986).","Expert in fluid beds, petroleum refining, hydrocarbon synthesis, coal conversions (gasification, liquefaction, carbonization, combustion), iron ore reduction, low-temperature processes, dust filtration, air pollution control.","Born 1916. Died 2012.","The guide to the Arthur M. Squires Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Arthur M. Squires Papers was completed in prior to 2002. Additional description, based on the inventory and prior arrangement, was completed in 2010.","The Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), consist of extensive correspondence, unpublished research reports, lectures, trip reports, reprints, trip diaries (1968-1982), photographs (1979) from his trip to China, daily work books (1959-1981), and subject files spanning entire career. This collection is unprocessed.","Box E-1 was transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, 1929-1955, Ms1985-014 in November 1987. The box contained:","\"The Improbable Achievement: Chemical Engineering at MIT\"","\"Large Scale Production of Oxygen - Combined Technical Oil Missions Holroyd Report - German Oil Technology\"","\"Guide to Refinery Operating Costs (Process Costimating)\"","\"The German Chemical Industry - A Bibliography of the Chemical, Metallurgical, and Process Industries\"","\"Enriched Air\"","\"List of Process Management's Translations of I. G. Reports - Set No. 46\"","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Please note: A Series-D Series are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888/1987, bulk 1940/1987"],"collection_ssim":["Arthur M. 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Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1987 and 1988."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["72 Cubic Feet 72 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["72 Cubic Feet 72 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in six series: A Series-Subject Files; B Series-Publications; C Series-Correspondence Files; D Series-Diaries; E Series-Materials to go with the Walter E. 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Vilbrandt Professor of Chemical Engineering (1976-1982), University Distinguished Professor (1978-1986), and University Distinguished Professor Emeritus (1986-2012) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute \u0026 State University.","Consultant for U.S. Bureau of Mines, Office of Coal Research, Electric Power Research Institute, United Nations, Office of Technology Assessment, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and others.","Author of The Tender Ship: Governmental Management of Technological Change (1986).","Expert in fluid beds, petroleum refining, hydrocarbon synthesis, coal conversions (gasification, liquefaction, carbonization, combustion), iron ore reduction, low-temperature processes, dust filtration, air pollution control.","Born 1916. Died 2012."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Arthur M. Squires Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Arthur M. Squires Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), Ms1987-006, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), Ms1987-006, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Arthur M. Squires Papers was completed in prior to 2002. Additional description, based on the inventory and prior arrangement, was completed in 2010.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Arthur M. Squires Papers was completed in prior to 2002. Additional description, based on the inventory and prior arrangement, was completed in 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), consist of extensive correspondence, unpublished research reports, lectures, trip reports, reprints, trip diaries (1968-1982), photographs (1979) from his trip to China, daily work books (1959-1981), and subject files spanning entire career. This collection is unprocessed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Arthur M. Squires Papers, 1888-1987 (bulk 1940-1987), consist of extensive correspondence, unpublished research reports, lectures, trip reports, reprints, trip diaries (1968-1982), photographs (1979) from his trip to China, daily work books (1959-1981), and subject files spanning entire career. This collection is unprocessed."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox E-1 was transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, 1929-1955, Ms1985-014 in November 1987. The box contained: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Improbable Achievement: Chemical Engineering at MIT\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Large Scale Production of Oxygen - Combined Technical Oil Missions Holroyd Report - German Oil Technology\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Guide to Refinery Operating Costs (Process Costimating)\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The German Chemical Industry - A Bibliography of the Chemical, Metallurgical, and Process Industries\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Enriched Air\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"List of Process Management's Translations of I. G. Reports - Set No. 46\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Box E-1 was transferred to the Walter E. Lobo Papers, 1929-1955, Ms1985-014 in November 1987. The box contained:","\"The Improbable Achievement: Chemical Engineering at MIT\"","\"Large Scale Production of Oxygen - Combined Technical Oil Missions Holroyd Report - German Oil Technology\"","\"Guide to Refinery Operating Costs (Process Costimating)\"","\"The German Chemical Industry - A Bibliography of the Chemical, Metallurgical, and Process Industries\"","\"Enriched Air\"","\"List of Process Management's Translations of I. G. Reports - Set No. 46\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_8ada9e8fb68f1484eb84e7a03592017b\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e A Series-D Series are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Please note: A Series-D Series are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Squires, Arthur M., 1916-2012"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1700,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:20.776Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1449_c02"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1231_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Bulletins, 1946/1975","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1231_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1231_c02","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1231_c02"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1231_c02","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1231","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1231","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1231","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1231","parent_ssim":["Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records, 1857/1975"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1231"],"title_filing_ssi":"Bulletins","title_ssm":["Bulletins"],"title_tesim":["Bulletins"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bulletins, 1946/1975"],"text":["Bulletins, 1946/1975","Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records, 1857/1975"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records, 1857/1975"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records, 1857/1975"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1946/1975"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1946-1975"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":2,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records, 1857/1975"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":10,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:03.165Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1231","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1231","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1231","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1231","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1231.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records","title_ssm":["Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records"],"title_tesim":["Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1857-1975"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1857-1975"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1857/1975"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records, 1857/1975"],"text":["Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records, 1857/1975","Ms.1964.003","Blacksburg (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject.","The Methodist Church of Blacksburg, Virginia was formally organized in the late eighteenth-century. Following the construction of a new building in 1906, members named the structure the Whisner Memorial Methodist Church after Reverend P. H. Whisner, a popular local minister who died a few months prior to the completion of the building which bears his name.","The guide to the Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records commenced in September 2006 and was completed in October 2006. In April 2013, the Record of Baptism was removed from Box 3 and re-housed in Box 5.","The collection contains church registers, bulletins, recording steward's book, financial reports, treasurer's book, quarterly conference minutes, Sunday school records, the Women's Foreign Missionary Service records, and the Women's Society of Christian Service records.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection consists of records generated by the Whisner Memorial Methodist Church located in Blacksburg, Virginia, from 1857 through 1975.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Whisner Memorial Methodist Church (Blacksburg, Va.)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records, 1857/1975"],"collection_ssim":["Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records, 1857/1975"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1964.003"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1964.003"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Whisner Memorial Methodist Church (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Whisner Memorial Methodist Church (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Whisner Memorial Methodist Church (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Whisner Memorial Methodist Church (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records were donated to the Special Collections in August 1964."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 Cubic Feet 5 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4 Cubic Feet 5 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by subject.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Methodist Church of Blacksburg, Virginia was formally organized in the late eighteenth-century. Following the construction of a new building in 1906, members named the structure the Whisner Memorial Methodist Church after Reverend P. H. Whisner, a popular local minister who died a few months prior to the completion of the building which bears his name.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Methodist Church of Blacksburg, Virginia was formally organized in the late eighteenth-century. Following the construction of a new building in 1906, members named the structure the Whisner Memorial Methodist Church after Reverend P. H. Whisner, a popular local minister who died a few months prior to the completion of the building which bears his name."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records, Ms1964-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records, Ms1964-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records commenced in September 2006 and was completed in October 2006. In April 2013, the Record of Baptism was removed from Box 3 and re-housed in Box 5.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Whisner Memorial Methodist Church Records commenced in September 2006 and was completed in October 2006. In April 2013, the Record of Baptism was removed from Box 3 and re-housed in Box 5."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains church registers, bulletins, recording steward's book, financial reports, treasurer's book, quarterly conference minutes, Sunday school records, the Women's Foreign Missionary Service records, and the Women's Society of Christian Service records.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains church registers, bulletins, recording steward's book, financial reports, treasurer's book, quarterly conference minutes, Sunday school records, the Women's Foreign Missionary Service records, and the Women's Society of Christian Service records."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7cc17e5f18f47be91e976519a7cf10f9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of records generated by the Whisner Memorial Methodist Church located in Blacksburg, Virginia, from 1857 through 1975.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of records generated by the Whisner Memorial Methodist Church located in Blacksburg, Virginia, from 1857 through 1975."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Whisner Memorial Methodist Church (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Whisner Memorial Methodist Church (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Whisner Memorial Methodist Church (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":51,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:03.165Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1231_c02"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898_c04","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"CARLA Records, 1972/1978","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898_c04#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series spans the period 1972-1978 and documents the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, by Beverly Willis, Eric Tiescholz, and Jochen Eigen. The system enabled architects to use computers to develop site plan design techniques more efficiently. It contains computer paper drive tapes of software program versions, a computer-punched paper drive of CARLA original film, flowcharts, videotapes, rough material for CARLA videotape, articles about computer-assisted analysis and mapping systems, computer manuals, and memos. Also included are Jochen Eigen's 1974 notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898_c04","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898_c04"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898_c04","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","parent_ssim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898"],"title_filing_ssi":"CARLA Records","title_ssm":["CARLA Records"],"title_tesim":["CARLA Records"],"normalized_title_ssm":["CARLA Records, 1972/1978"],"text":["CARLA Records, 1972/1978","Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999","box 2","box 49-53","This series spans the period 1972-1978 and documents the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, by Beverly Willis, Eric Tiescholz, and Jochen Eigen. The system enabled architects to use computers to develop site plan design techniques more efficiently.\nIt contains computer paper drive tapes of software program versions, a computer-punched paper drive of CARLA original film, flowcharts, videotapes, rough material for CARLA videotape, articles about computer-assisted analysis and mapping systems, computer manuals, and memos. Also included are Jochen Eigen's 1974 notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1972/1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1972-1978"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":212,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999"],"containers_ssim":["box 2","box 49-53"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series spans the period 1972-1978 and documents the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, by Beverly Willis, Eric Tiescholz, and Jochen Eigen. The system enabled architects to use computers to develop site plan design techniques more efficiently.\nIt contains computer paper drive tapes of software program versions, a computer-punched paper drive of CARLA original film, flowcharts, videotapes, rough material for CARLA videotape, articles about computer-assisted analysis and mapping systems, computer manuals, and memos. Also included are Jochen Eigen's 1974 notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series spans the period 1972-1978 and documents the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, by Beverly Willis, Eric Tiescholz, and Jochen Eigen. The system enabled architects to use computers to develop site plan design techniques more efficiently.\nIt contains computer paper drive tapes of software program versions, a computer-punched paper drive of CARLA original film, flowcharts, videotapes, rough material for CARLA videotape, articles about computer-assisted analysis and mapping systems, computer manuals, and memos. Also included are Jochen Eigen's 1974 notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program."],"_nest_path_":"/components#3","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:10.724Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1898.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Willis, Beverly Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1954-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1954-1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1954/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999"],"text":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999","Ms.1992.019","San Francisco (Calif.)","Architects and community","Housing -- United States","City planning","Architecture -- Computer-aided design","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection has been arranged into a Project Index. which is a way to organize the various formats of architectural records from the same project. The index is arranged by project number and contains information, where available, about the location, date, project type, architect, collaborators, and formats for each project in the collection.","A Summary of the Project Index.  is listed below.  Consult the Project Index.  for location information.","Beverly Willis, FAIA Architect, artist, and writer, was one of perhaps three women architects in the United States to own her own sizeable architecture firm between 1958 and 1990 and the only woman in San Francisco, California, to have her own practice there for 17 years. Her book, Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, published by the National Building Museum, describes her design philosophy.","She was the first woman appointed to the Building Research Advisory Board of the National Academy of Science, the first appointed to the Federal Construction Council, and its first woman chair. She was the first woman elected president of the American Institute of Architects, California Council; and the Golden Gate Chapter of Lambda Alpha Society.","Willis played a major role in the revitalization of San Francisco neighborhoods after World War II. She renovated commercial spaces in the Jackson Square area and Union Street, redesigned Glide Church, designed the San Francisco Ballet Building, and won an international competition to design the Yerba Buena Gardens development downtown.","Beverly Willis was born February 17, 1928, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, to Ralph William Willis, founder of the National Tool Company, and Margaret Elizabeth Porter, a nurse. She had one sibling, Ralph Gerald Willis. Both Willis and her brother were placed in an orphanage when their parents divorced in 1934.","Taking advantage of the increased opportunities available to women with the advent of World War II, Willis learned welding, riveting, electrical wiring, carpentry, and how to fly an airplane--skills that reflected the fiercely independent qualities that emerged in her personality when she was in the institutional environment of the orphanage. After the war, she enrolled in an aeronautical engineering program at Oregon State University, but withdrew after two years to work at a lithographer's studio. She then studied at the San Francisco Art Institute until relocating to Hawaii. In 1954 she received a B.A. in Fine Art from the University of Hawaii.","After graduation, Willis received a series of design commissions that led to her interest in architecture. Fueled by the friendship and ideas of entrepreneur Henry Kaiser, Willis returned to San Francisco in 1960 to open a firm that designed furniture and interiors for offices, created mixed-media art for clients that included United Airlines, and re-worked supermarket displays. Despite her rural sensibility, Willis began to immerse herself in urban designs. She found that her interests ran parallel to those of San Francisco architects like William Wurster and Joseph Esherick.","Willis' first major architectural project was the conversion of three Victorian buildings into a retail complex on Union Street in San Francisco. Her design, which proved a financial success almost immediately, influenced the renovation of the rest of the street between present-day Gough and Pierce streets.","Meeting the experience and education requirements of the California State Architectural Licensing Board in 1966, Willis became a licensed architect and the only woman in San Francisco with her own firm, Beverly Willis and Associates. This firm assumed a partnership with would-be principal architect David Coldoff that year, a partnership that lasted until 1980. Despite the heavy demands of her practice, Willis also found time to serve on the U.S. Government delegation to the United Nations conference on Habitat, become a trustee and founder of the National Building Museum in 1976, and serve as the President of the California Chapter of the National Institute of Architects in 1979.","Willis' interest in the issues that affect planning, population density, and land-use economics with respect to large-scale development manifested itself in the creation of the computer program CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970's. The software was developed by Willis with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen. With CARLA's completion and implementation, Willis and Associates became one of the first architectural firms to incorporate computers into the routine practices of design and land development.","Projects such as the prototype for the regional computer centers of the IRS and master-planning for a new town situated in Aliamanu Valley, Hawaii (1975), are good examples of her unique philosophy of design.","Throughout the 1970s, Willis' firm concentrated on large- scale housing and new-community planning and design. By espousing architecture of rural pragmatism and rooting it in ancient images and myths, Willis offered something new to the intellectual landscape of architectural design.","In 1997, the National Building Museum published Willis' book, Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, in which she describes her buildings and design philosophy. In 1980, she was elected to the American Institute of Architects College of Fellows. In 1984, Willis received an honorary doctorate in Fine Arts from Mount Holyoke College.","By the early 1980s, Willis' design focus shifted to urban structures like the Yerba Buena Gardens redevelopment project (1980) and the San Francisco Ballet Association Building (1984). Smaller, but no less important, projects include Nob Hill Court (1971), Pacific Point Condominiums (1972), the Greenwich Apartment (1978), the Margaret Hayward Playground Building (1978), the (unbuilt) Shown Winery (1986), and the Mr. and Mrs. Richard Goeglin Pool House and Sculpture (1988).","Willis relocated her office and residence to New York City in 1991. Willis founded in 1994 the Architectural Research Institute, Inc. (through which the Manhattan Village Academy was designed). In 2002, she founded the Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation, and she presently (2008) serves as the foundation's president. Her work and community leadership have been widely published (see bibliography). She is a founding trustee of the National Building Museum (1975-present). The Beverly Willis Library is located at the National Building Museum.","Much of the information in the biography was culled from the biography written for Beverly Willis by Nicolai Ouroussoff and included in Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, published in 1997 by the National Building Museum, Washington, DC.","Some of the information in the scope and content note was taken from an independent appraisal of the collection.","The bulk of the drawings in the Willis Papers were arranged and described before they were donated, and information about the arrangement of the collection was compiled in a searchable database that is available at the repository. Project records stored in record cartons have been inventoried and are included in the database and finding aid.","The first accession, which was arranged and described by Laura Katz Smith in 1995, was combined with subsequent accessions in 2003. A finding aid describing the complete collection was created by Catherine G. OBrion in 2003, using descriptions of materials in the archives database that was donated with the bulk of the collection in 2000.\nThe 2004 and 2009 additions were arranged and described by Sherrie Bowser in 2012. The project index arrangement was also included at this time.","The guide to the Beverly Willis Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.","The bulk of the collection is comprised of Willis and Associates project files from the period 1960 to 1990. Projects range from private residences and residential developments to institutions, such as the San Francisco Ballet Association Building; and urban development projects, most notably the Yerba Buena Gardens project in downtown San Francisco. Also included are records and design documents for Aliamanu Valley New Town, a military base in Hawaii that was the first major project designed with CARLA, computer software for architectural design created by Willis; and records documenting the development of CARLA.","Project files are comprised of presentation drawings, slope analysis drawings, site plans, maps, cut-and-fill analysis plans, sketches, conceptual design drawings, construction drawings, as well as correspondence, research files, contracts, environmental impact statements and studies, financial records, and feasibility studies. There are records for more than 150 projects. Drawings are large folio, pen-and- ink or watercolor on paper, linen, or mylar. Some are heightened with color.","Also included is a series documenting the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, in the 1970s. Beverly Willis was interested in issues that affected planning, population density, and land-use economics in relation to large-scale development. Along with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen, she developed a program that enabled architects, with the use of computers, to develop site plans and design techniques in a fraction of the time required by the old methodology. Records documenting the development of CARLA include computer tapes, correspondence, flow charts, memos, and Jochen Eigen's notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program in 1974.","The collection also contains a series of Publications, Brochures, and Clippings, which includes biographical information on Willis, Miscellaneous Project Records, and a video of the Yerba Buena Gardents development.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Please note: Boxes 1-51 are located in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates","Willis, Beverly, 1928-","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999"],"collection_ssim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, 1954/1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1992.019"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1992.019"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["San Francisco (Calif.)"],"geogname_ssim":["San Francisco (Calif.)"],"places_ssim":["San Francisco (Calif.)"],"creator_ssm":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"creator_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates"],"creators_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Beverly Willis donated samples of her designs to Virginia Tech in 1992. This gift was followed, in 2000, with a donation of the bulk of the records and designs from her architectural career.  Additional small accessions arrived in 2004 and 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects and community","Housing -- United States","City planning","Architecture -- Computer-aided design","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects and community","Housing -- United States","City planning","Architecture -- Computer-aided design","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["100 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["100 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/225\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been arranged into a \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/assets/documents/iawa/Ms1992-019pi.xls\" show=\"new\" title=\"Project Index\"\u003eProject Index.\u003c/extref\u003e which is a way to organize the various formats of architectural records from the same project. The index is arranged by project number and contains information, where available, about the location, date, project type, architect, collaborators, and formats for each project in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Summary of the \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/assets/documents/iawa/Ms1992-019pi.xls\" show=\"new\" title=\"Project Index\"\u003eProject Index.\u003c/extref\u003e  is listed below.  Consult the \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/assets/documents/iawa/Ms1992-019pi.xls\" show=\"new\" title=\"Project Index\"\u003eProject Index.\u003c/extref\u003e  for location information.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection has been arranged into a Project Index. which is a way to organize the various formats of architectural records from the same project. The index is arranged by project number and contains information, where available, about the location, date, project type, architect, collaborators, and formats for each project in the collection.","A Summary of the Project Index.  is listed below.  Consult the Project Index.  for location information."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBeverly Willis, FAIA Architect, artist, and writer, was one of perhaps three women architects in the United States to own her own sizeable architecture firm between 1958 and 1990 and the only woman in San Francisco, California, to have her own practice there for 17 years. Her book, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eInvisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,\u003c/title\u003e published by the National Building Museum, describes her design philosophy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe was the first woman appointed to the Building Research Advisory Board of the National Academy of Science, the first appointed to the Federal Construction Council, and its first woman chair. She was the first woman elected president of the American Institute of Architects, California Council; and the Golden Gate Chapter of Lambda Alpha Society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWillis played a major role in the revitalization of San Francisco neighborhoods after World War II. She renovated commercial spaces in the Jackson Square area and Union Street, redesigned Glide Church, designed the San Francisco Ballet Building, and won an international competition to design the Yerba Buena Gardens development downtown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeverly Willis was born February 17, 1928, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, to Ralph William Willis, founder of the National Tool Company, and Margaret Elizabeth Porter, a nurse. She had one sibling, Ralph Gerald Willis. Both Willis and her brother were placed in an orphanage when their parents divorced in 1934.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaking advantage of the increased opportunities available to women with the advent of World War II, Willis learned welding, riveting, electrical wiring, carpentry, and how to fly an airplane--skills that reflected the fiercely independent qualities that emerged in her personality when she was in the institutional environment of the orphanage. After the war, she enrolled in an aeronautical engineering program at Oregon State University, but withdrew after two years to work at a lithographer's studio. She then studied at the San Francisco Art Institute until relocating to Hawaii. In 1954 she received a B.A. in Fine Art from the University of Hawaii.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduation, Willis received a series of design commissions that led to her interest in architecture. Fueled by the friendship and ideas of entrepreneur Henry Kaiser, Willis returned to San Francisco in 1960 to open a firm that designed furniture and interiors for offices, created mixed-media art for clients that included United Airlines, and re-worked supermarket displays. Despite her rural sensibility, Willis began to immerse herself in urban designs. She found that her interests ran parallel to those of San Francisco architects like William Wurster and Joseph Esherick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWillis' first major architectural project was the conversion of three Victorian buildings into a retail complex on Union Street in San Francisco. Her design, which proved a financial success almost immediately, influenced the renovation of the rest of the street between present-day Gough and Pierce streets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMeeting the experience and education requirements of the California State Architectural Licensing Board in 1966, Willis became a licensed architect and the only woman in San Francisco with her own firm, Beverly Willis and Associates. This firm assumed a partnership with would-be principal architect David Coldoff that year, a partnership that lasted until 1980. Despite the heavy demands of her practice, Willis also found time to serve on the U.S. Government delegation to the United Nations conference on Habitat, become a trustee and founder of the National Building Museum in 1976, and serve as the President of the California Chapter of the National Institute of Architects in 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWillis' interest in the issues that affect planning, population density, and land-use economics with respect to large-scale development manifested itself in the creation of the computer program CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970's. The software was developed by Willis with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen. With CARLA's completion and implementation, Willis and Associates became one of the first architectural firms to incorporate computers into the routine practices of design and land development.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProjects such as the prototype for the regional computer centers of the IRS and master-planning for a new town situated in Aliamanu Valley, Hawaii (1975), are good examples of her unique philosophy of design.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThroughout the 1970s, Willis' firm concentrated on large- scale housing and new-community planning and design. By espousing architecture of rural pragmatism and rooting it in ancient images and myths, Willis offered something new to the intellectual landscape of architectural design.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1997, the National Building Museum published Willis' book, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eInvisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,\u003c/title\u003e in which she describes her buildings and design philosophy. In 1980, she was elected to the American Institute of Architects College of Fellows. In 1984, Willis received an honorary doctorate in Fine Arts from Mount Holyoke College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy the early 1980s, Willis' design focus shifted to urban structures like the Yerba Buena Gardens redevelopment project (1980) and the San Francisco Ballet Association Building (1984). Smaller, but no less important, projects include Nob Hill Court (1971), Pacific Point Condominiums (1972), the Greenwich Apartment (1978), the Margaret Hayward Playground Building (1978), the (unbuilt) Shown Winery (1986), and the Mr. and Mrs. Richard Goeglin Pool House and Sculpture (1988).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWillis relocated her office and residence to New York City in 1991. Willis founded in 1994 the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.architect.org\" title=\"Architectural Research Institute, Inc.\"\u003eArchitectural Research Institute, Inc.\u003c/extref\u003e (through which the Manhattan Village Academy was designed). In 2002, she founded the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.bwaf.org/\" title=\"Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation\"\u003eBeverly Willis Architecture Foundation\u003c/extref\u003e, and she presently (2008) serves as the foundation's president. Her work and community leadership have been widely published (see bibliography). She is a founding trustee of the National Building Museum (1975-present). The Beverly Willis Library is located at the National Building Museum.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eMuch of the information in the biography was culled from the biography written for Beverly Willis by Nicolai Ouroussoff and included in \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eInvisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture\u003c/title\u003e, published in 1997 by the National Building Museum, Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Source"],"bioghist_tesim":["Beverly Willis, FAIA Architect, artist, and writer, was one of perhaps three women architects in the United States to own her own sizeable architecture firm between 1958 and 1990 and the only woman in San Francisco, California, to have her own practice there for 17 years. Her book, Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, published by the National Building Museum, describes her design philosophy.","She was the first woman appointed to the Building Research Advisory Board of the National Academy of Science, the first appointed to the Federal Construction Council, and its first woman chair. She was the first woman elected president of the American Institute of Architects, California Council; and the Golden Gate Chapter of Lambda Alpha Society.","Willis played a major role in the revitalization of San Francisco neighborhoods after World War II. She renovated commercial spaces in the Jackson Square area and Union Street, redesigned Glide Church, designed the San Francisco Ballet Building, and won an international competition to design the Yerba Buena Gardens development downtown.","Beverly Willis was born February 17, 1928, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, to Ralph William Willis, founder of the National Tool Company, and Margaret Elizabeth Porter, a nurse. She had one sibling, Ralph Gerald Willis. Both Willis and her brother were placed in an orphanage when their parents divorced in 1934.","Taking advantage of the increased opportunities available to women with the advent of World War II, Willis learned welding, riveting, electrical wiring, carpentry, and how to fly an airplane--skills that reflected the fiercely independent qualities that emerged in her personality when she was in the institutional environment of the orphanage. After the war, she enrolled in an aeronautical engineering program at Oregon State University, but withdrew after two years to work at a lithographer's studio. She then studied at the San Francisco Art Institute until relocating to Hawaii. In 1954 she received a B.A. in Fine Art from the University of Hawaii.","After graduation, Willis received a series of design commissions that led to her interest in architecture. Fueled by the friendship and ideas of entrepreneur Henry Kaiser, Willis returned to San Francisco in 1960 to open a firm that designed furniture and interiors for offices, created mixed-media art for clients that included United Airlines, and re-worked supermarket displays. Despite her rural sensibility, Willis began to immerse herself in urban designs. She found that her interests ran parallel to those of San Francisco architects like William Wurster and Joseph Esherick.","Willis' first major architectural project was the conversion of three Victorian buildings into a retail complex on Union Street in San Francisco. Her design, which proved a financial success almost immediately, influenced the renovation of the rest of the street between present-day Gough and Pierce streets.","Meeting the experience and education requirements of the California State Architectural Licensing Board in 1966, Willis became a licensed architect and the only woman in San Francisco with her own firm, Beverly Willis and Associates. This firm assumed a partnership with would-be principal architect David Coldoff that year, a partnership that lasted until 1980. Despite the heavy demands of her practice, Willis also found time to serve on the U.S. Government delegation to the United Nations conference on Habitat, become a trustee and founder of the National Building Museum in 1976, and serve as the President of the California Chapter of the National Institute of Architects in 1979.","Willis' interest in the issues that affect planning, population density, and land-use economics with respect to large-scale development manifested itself in the creation of the computer program CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970's. The software was developed by Willis with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen. With CARLA's completion and implementation, Willis and Associates became one of the first architectural firms to incorporate computers into the routine practices of design and land development.","Projects such as the prototype for the regional computer centers of the IRS and master-planning for a new town situated in Aliamanu Valley, Hawaii (1975), are good examples of her unique philosophy of design.","Throughout the 1970s, Willis' firm concentrated on large- scale housing and new-community planning and design. By espousing architecture of rural pragmatism and rooting it in ancient images and myths, Willis offered something new to the intellectual landscape of architectural design.","In 1997, the National Building Museum published Willis' book, Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, in which she describes her buildings and design philosophy. In 1980, she was elected to the American Institute of Architects College of Fellows. In 1984, Willis received an honorary doctorate in Fine Arts from Mount Holyoke College.","By the early 1980s, Willis' design focus shifted to urban structures like the Yerba Buena Gardens redevelopment project (1980) and the San Francisco Ballet Association Building (1984). Smaller, but no less important, projects include Nob Hill Court (1971), Pacific Point Condominiums (1972), the Greenwich Apartment (1978), the Margaret Hayward Playground Building (1978), the (unbuilt) Shown Winery (1986), and the Mr. and Mrs. Richard Goeglin Pool House and Sculpture (1988).","Willis relocated her office and residence to New York City in 1991. Willis founded in 1994 the Architectural Research Institute, Inc. (through which the Manhattan Village Academy was designed). In 2002, she founded the Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation, and she presently (2008) serves as the foundation's president. Her work and community leadership have been widely published (see bibliography). She is a founding trustee of the National Building Museum (1975-present). The Beverly Willis Library is located at the National Building Museum.","Much of the information in the biography was culled from the biography written for Beverly Willis by Nicolai Ouroussoff and included in Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture, published in 1997 by the National Building Museum, Washington, DC."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the information in the scope and content note was taken from an independent appraisal of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["General note"],"odd_tesim":["Some of the information in the scope and content note was taken from an independent appraisal of the collection."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA file-level \u003cextref href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/iawa/inventories/Willis/Willis.html\" title=\"inventory\"\u003einventory\u003c/extref\u003e of letter- and legal-size project records is available at the repository.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["A file-level inventory of letter- and legal-size project records is available at the repository."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, Ms1992-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, Ms1992-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the drawings in the Willis Papers were arranged and described before they were donated, and information about the arrangement of the collection was compiled in a searchable database that is available at the repository. Project records stored in record cartons have been inventoried and are included in the database and finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first accession, which was arranged and described by Laura Katz Smith in 1995, was combined with subsequent accessions in 2003. A finding aid describing the complete collection was created by Catherine G. OBrion in 2003, using descriptions of materials in the archives database that was donated with the bulk of the collection in 2000.\nThe 2004 and 2009 additions were arranged and described by Sherrie Bowser in 2012. The project index arrangement was also included at this time.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The bulk of the drawings in the Willis Papers were arranged and described before they were donated, and information about the arrangement of the collection was compiled in a searchable database that is available at the repository. Project records stored in record cartons have been inventoried and are included in the database and finding aid.","The first accession, which was arranged and described by Laura Katz Smith in 1995, was combined with subsequent accessions in 2003. A finding aid describing the complete collection was created by Catherine G. OBrion in 2003, using descriptions of materials in the archives database that was donated with the bulk of the collection in 2000.\nThe 2004 and 2009 additions were arranged and described by Sherrie Bowser in 2012. The project index arrangement was also included at this time."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Beverly Willis Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The guide to the Beverly Willis Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection is comprised of Willis and Associates project files from the period 1960 to 1990. Projects range from private residences and residential developments to institutions, such as the San Francisco Ballet Association Building; and urban development projects, most notably the Yerba Buena Gardens project in downtown San Francisco. Also included are records and design documents for Aliamanu Valley New Town, a military base in Hawaii that was the first major project designed with CARLA, computer software for architectural design created by Willis; and records documenting the development of CARLA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProject files are comprised of presentation drawings, slope analysis drawings, site plans, maps, cut-and-fill analysis plans, sketches, conceptual design drawings, construction drawings, as well as correspondence, research files, contracts, environmental impact statements and studies, financial records, and feasibility studies. There are records for more than 150 projects. Drawings are large folio, pen-and- ink or watercolor on paper, linen, or mylar. Some are heightened with color.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso included is a series documenting the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, in the 1970s. Beverly Willis was interested in issues that affected planning, population density, and land-use economics in relation to large-scale development. Along with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen, she developed a program that enabled architects, with the use of computers, to develop site plans and design techniques in a fraction of the time required by the old methodology. Records documenting the development of CARLA include computer tapes, correspondence, flow charts, memos, and Jochen Eigen's notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program in 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a series of Publications, Brochures, and Clippings, which includes biographical information on Willis, Miscellaneous Project Records, and a video of the Yerba Buena Gardents development.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.","The bulk of the collection is comprised of Willis and Associates project files from the period 1960 to 1990. Projects range from private residences and residential developments to institutions, such as the San Francisco Ballet Association Building; and urban development projects, most notably the Yerba Buena Gardens project in downtown San Francisco. Also included are records and design documents for Aliamanu Valley New Town, a military base in Hawaii that was the first major project designed with CARLA, computer software for architectural design created by Willis; and records documenting the development of CARLA.","Project files are comprised of presentation drawings, slope analysis drawings, site plans, maps, cut-and-fill analysis plans, sketches, conceptual design drawings, construction drawings, as well as correspondence, research files, contracts, environmental impact statements and studies, financial records, and feasibility studies. There are records for more than 150 projects. Drawings are large folio, pen-and- ink or watercolor on paper, linen, or mylar. Some are heightened with color.","Also included is a series documenting the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, in the 1970s. Beverly Willis was interested in issues that affected planning, population density, and land-use economics in relation to large-scale development. Along with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen, she developed a program that enabled architects, with the use of computers, to develop site plans and design techniques in a fraction of the time required by the old methodology. Records documenting the development of CARLA include computer tapes, correspondence, flow charts, memos, and Jochen Eigen's notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program in 1974.","The collection also contains a series of Publications, Brochures, and Clippings, which includes biographical information on Willis, Miscellaneous Project Records, and a video of the Yerba Buena Gardents development."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_174a3dc5cc0f306ff98b4fcaecbf2059\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Boxes 1-51 are located in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Please note: Boxes 1-51 are located in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates"],"names_coll_ssim":["Willis and Associates","Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"persname_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates","Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":212,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:16:10.724Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898_c04"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","value":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","hits":513},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1973\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1973\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers, 1952/2002","value":"A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers, 1952/2002","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A.+Jane+Duncombe+Architectural+Papers%2C+1952%2F2002\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1973\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Albert L. Sturm Papers, 1904/1988","value":"Albert L. Sturm Papers, 1904/1988","hits":6},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Albert+L.+Sturm+Papers%2C+1904%2F1988\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1973\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection, 1929/1976","value":"Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection, 1929/1976","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Alberta+Pfeiffer+Architectural+Collection%2C+1929%2F1976\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1973\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alfred C. Payne Collection, 1917/2003","value":"Alfred C. Payne Collection, 1917/2003","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Alfred+C.+Payne+Collection%2C+1917%2F2003\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1973\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alice Langley Hsieh Papers, 1943/1978","value":"Alice Langley Hsieh Papers, 1943/1978","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Alice+Langley+Hsieh+Papers%2C+1943%2F1978\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1973\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alleghany Chapter, National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution Records, 1890/2022","value":"Alleghany Chapter, National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution Records, 1890/2022","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Alleghany+Chapter%2C+National+Society+of+the+Daughters+of+the+American+Revolution+Records%2C+1890%2F2022\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1973\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Ann A. 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