{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=6","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=5","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=7","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=208"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":6,"next_page":7,"prev_page":5,"total_pages":208,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":50,"total_count":2074,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Alphabetical Files","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_142"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_142"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"text":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Alphabetical Files"],"title_filing_ssi":"Alphabetical Files","title_ssm":["Alphabetical Files"],"title_tesim":["Alphabetical Files"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1935-1994"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1935/1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alphabetical Files"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2016,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":883,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"_nest_path_":"/components#7","timestamp":"2026-05-11T19:06:55.304Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_142.xml","title_filing_ssi":"McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek, papers","title_ssm":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"title_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 302","/repositories/5/resources/142"],"text":["M 302","/repositories/5/resources/142","Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Nonprofit organizations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Associations, institutions, etc. -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open for use without restrictions.","The collection is divided into a series of eight sections. Series I is primarily correspondence to Mrs. McClenahan. Series II consists of material of twelve major civic and volunteer organizations with which she was involved. Because of the volume of the materials, each organization in this series was divided into its own subseries. Series III is composed of other organizations in which she was active, but of sufficient quantity to justify its own subseries. The material in this series is divided alphabetically. Series IV is a collection of her speeches and articles. The speeches in this series are unidentified by audience or sponsor or affiliated with a group not otherwise not listed in another series. Additional speeches may be found in organizational series by checking folder headings. Series V contains material regarding political candidates and issues. Series VI consists of material relating to the various schools, colleges and universities she has been associated with and is divided alphabetical. Series VII contains material relating to her work with St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Series VIII consists of a variety of material reflecting Mrs. McClenahan's daily activities, social plans, and wide range of interests. [See the NOTE under Series for additional materials added in 2000.]","Series I--Correspondence (1933-1993)","Series II--Major volunteer organizations, Subseries A: Arts Council of Richmond (1982-1988), Subseries B: Maymont Foundation (1979-1992), Subseries C: Metropolitan Richmond Chamber of Commerce (1981-1992), Subseries D: Planned Parenthood (1942-1992), Subseries E: Richmond Better Housing Coalition (1984-1993), Subseries F: Richmond-On-The-James (1978-1988), Subseries G: Richmond Renaissance (1982-1990), Subseries H: Richmond Urban Forum (1982-1990), Subseries I: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1957-1993), Subseries J: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1983-1990), Subseries K: Virginia Historical Society (1990-1993), Subseries L: Poplar Forest (1988-1993)","Series III--Other organizations (1951-1993)","Series IV--Speeches and Articles (1955-1993)","Series V--Politics (1985-1993)","Series VI--Schools, Colleges and Universities (1948-1993)","Series VII--St. Pauls' Episcopal Church (1937-1992)","Series VIII--Alphabetical Files (1935-1993)","Note: Additional materials were added in July 2000. The materials in these containers, boxes 91-109, were added to the end of the collection and are divided as follows: Correspondence (n.d., 1930-1998); Maymont Foundation (n.d., 1983-1997); Richmond Better Housing Coalition (n.d., 1988-1999); Richmond Renaissance (n.d., 1987-1996); miscellaneous colleges and schools (n.d., 1967-1997); Richmond Urban Forum (19- 19); Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation (1968-1993); St. Paul's Episcopal Church (n.d., 1984-1998); Stratford Hall (n.d., 1984-1989); Virginia Historical Society (n.d., 1983-1992); Virginia Union University (n.d., 1988- 1993); and miscellaneous civic and volunteer organizations (n.d., 1967-1998).","Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan is a Richmond community leader, activist and philanthropist. She has been described as the \"conscience of Richmond\" for her contributions to the Richmond community in the areas of racial harmony, housing, Richmond revitalization and historic preservation. She has also been active in the arts, her church, and education.","Born in Richmond on April 6, 1917, Mary Tyler is the daughter of Douglas Southall Freeman (1886-1953), noted historian and journalist, and Inez Goddin Freeman (1891-1974). She attended St. Catherine's School and Vassar College, receiving an A.B. in English-Creative Writing in 1937.","After college she worked briefly as a secretary in the Department of Fine Arts of William and Mary College where she met Leslie Cheek, Jr. (1908-1992), then head of the department. They married in 1939. The Cheeks lived in Baltimore for three years while Mr. Cheek was Director of the Baltimore Museum of Fine Arts and in Washington, D.C. during World War II. While Mr. Cheek served in the Army, Mrs. McClenahan volunteered as a nurse's aid. After Cheek's discharge from the Army in 1945, they lived in New York City where Cheek had been hired as an Associate Editor of Architectural Forum Magazine. The couple returned to Richmond when Cheek became the first director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1948-1968). The Cheeks had four children. After Mr. Cheek's death in 1992, Mrs. Cheek married Dr. John Lorimer McClenahan, a retired Pennsylvanian radiologist, the following year.","Mrs. McClenahan is responsible for a number of Richmond civic initiatives, including bringing together the 35 groups that make up the Richmond Better Housing Coalition and founding the Richmond Urban Forum. She was twice president of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood and has participated as a volunteer and board member of numerous Richmond civic organizations, including Richmond Renaissance and Richmond-On- The- James. She has also been an active member of Richmond's historic St. Paul's Episcopal Church.","Some of the organizations Mrs. McClenahan has been associated with include: ","Member, Executive Committee and Board of The Arts Council of Richmond \nMember, 175th Anniversary of the Executive Mansion Commission \nAdvisory Committee Girl Scouts \nMember, Board of Historic Richmond Foundation \nDame and Member of the Board of Governors of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem \nMember, National Committee, Jefferson Poplar Forest Fund \nMember, Board of Leadership Metro Richmond \nMember, Board of Maymont Foundation \nChairman, Film Committee of the National Council for America's First Freedom: The Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom \nRichmond AIDS Ministry \nCo-Chairman, Richmond Better Housing Coalition \nMember, Board of Richmond Hill \nMember, Board of Richmond-On-The-James \nMember, Executive Committee and Board of Richmond Renaissance \nFounder and Honorary Chairman, Richmond Urban Forum \nDirector for Virginia and Past President, Robert E. Lee Memorial Association which administers Stratford Hall, the birthplace of Robert E. Lee \nFormer Vestry member and Junior Warden of St. Paul's Episcopal Church \nMember, Board of Theatre Virginia Past President (twice) and honorary board member of Virginia League for Planned Parenthood \nTrustee, Virginia Union University ","Clubs include: ","Cosmopolitan Club, NYC \nHroswitha Club, NYC \nJames River Garden Club, Richmond \nRichmond First Club \nRichmond Kiwanis \nVirginia Writer's Club \nWoman's Club of Richmond ","Awards Mrs. McClenahan has received include: ","Richmond's Christmas Mother (1973) \nAssociation for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities' Mary Maso Williams Award (1977) \nJunior League of Richmond's Barbara Renson Andrews Award for Distinguished Volunteer Service (1982) \nSt Catherine's School's Distinguished Alumni Award (1983) \nVirginia League of Planned Parenthood Distinguished Service Award (1984) \nNational Conference of Christian and Jews' Brotherhood Citation (1985) \nOmicron Delta Kappa's Conspicuous Attainment Award (1986) \nYWCA of Richmond's Outstanding Woman of the Year (1986) \nRichmond First Club's Good Government Award (1987) \nRichmond Urban League's Charlotte T. Washington Community Services Award (1988) \nStyle Magazine's Richmonder of the Year (1991) \nHousing Opportunities Made Equal (H.O.M.E.) Fair Housing Award \nH.O.M.E. Sallie Wilson Peake Memorial Award for Outstanding Support of Fair Housing \nNational Multiple Sclerosis Society, Silver Hope Award (1994) ","Honorary Degrees Mrs. McClenahan has received: ","Doctor of Humanities from University of Richmond \nDoctor of Humane Letters from St. Paul's College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Washington and Lee University \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Hollins College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Virginia Commonwealth University ","The collection includes correspondence, notes, clippings, various organizational minutes, reports and files, drafts of speeches, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1933 through 1993. The bulk of the collection dates from the late 1970s through the early 1990s and focuses on Mrs. McClenahan's involvement on issues of race, housing, historic preservation, and Richmond revitalization.","The organizational records in the collection include material from many of Richmond's major civic organizations, including Planned Parenthood, the Richmond Better Housing Coalition, Richmond-On-The-James, Richmond Renaissance and the Richmond Urban Forum. The activities of other organizations are also represented to a lesser degree. A number of these organizations are represented in other collections within Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Please ask a staff member for more information.","The collection also contains material documenting Mrs. McClenahan's involvement in education, the arts and politics in Richmond and Virginia, in St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and speeches she has given. Other material in the collection ranges from correspondence of friends and family to material on her daily life, social plans, family holidays and vacations to information on her various interests","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)","McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 302","/repositories/5/resources/142"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"creator_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"creators_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was a gift to Special Collections and Archives from Mrs. McClenahan in April 1994. Additional materials were added in 1996 and in 2000."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Nonprofit organizations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Associations, institutions, etc. -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Nonprofit organizations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Associations, institutions, etc. -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["15 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for use without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into a series of eight sections. Series I is primarily correspondence to Mrs. McClenahan. Series II consists of material of twelve major civic and volunteer organizations with which she was involved. Because of the volume of the materials, each organization in this series was divided into its own subseries. Series III is composed of other organizations in which she was active, but of sufficient quantity to justify its own subseries. The material in this series is divided alphabetically. Series IV is a collection of her speeches and articles. The speeches in this series are unidentified by audience or sponsor or affiliated with a group not otherwise not listed in another series. Additional speeches may be found in organizational series by checking folder headings. Series V contains material regarding political candidates and issues. Series VI consists of material relating to the various schools, colleges and universities she has been associated with and is divided alphabetical. Series VII contains material relating to her work with St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Series VIII consists of a variety of material reflecting Mrs. McClenahan's daily activities, social plans, and wide range of interests. [See the NOTE under Series for additional materials added in 2000.]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I--Correspondence (1933-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II--Major volunteer organizations, Subseries A: Arts Council of Richmond (1982-1988), Subseries B: Maymont Foundation (1979-1992), Subseries C: Metropolitan Richmond Chamber of Commerce (1981-1992), Subseries D: Planned Parenthood (1942-1992), Subseries E: Richmond Better Housing Coalition (1984-1993), Subseries F: Richmond-On-The-James (1978-1988), Subseries G: Richmond Renaissance (1982-1990), Subseries H: Richmond Urban Forum (1982-1990), Subseries I: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1957-1993), Subseries J: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1983-1990), Subseries K: Virginia Historical Society (1990-1993), Subseries L: Poplar Forest (1988-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III--Other organizations (1951-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV--Speeches and Articles (1955-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V--Politics (1985-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI--Schools, Colleges and Universities (1948-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII--St. Pauls' Episcopal Church (1937-1992)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII--Alphabetical Files (1935-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote: Additional materials were added in July 2000. The materials in these containers, boxes 91-109, were added to the end of the collection and are divided as follows: Correspondence (n.d., 1930-1998); Maymont Foundation (n.d., 1983-1997); Richmond Better Housing Coalition (n.d., 1988-1999); Richmond Renaissance (n.d., 1987-1996); miscellaneous colleges and schools (n.d., 1967-1997); Richmond Urban Forum (19- 19); Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation (1968-1993); St. Paul's Episcopal Church (n.d., 1984-1998); Stratford Hall (n.d., 1984-1989); Virginia Historical Society (n.d., 1983-1992); Virginia Union University (n.d., 1988- 1993); and miscellaneous civic and volunteer organizations (n.d., 1967-1998).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into a series of eight sections. Series I is primarily correspondence to Mrs. McClenahan. Series II consists of material of twelve major civic and volunteer organizations with which she was involved. Because of the volume of the materials, each organization in this series was divided into its own subseries. Series III is composed of other organizations in which she was active, but of sufficient quantity to justify its own subseries. The material in this series is divided alphabetically. Series IV is a collection of her speeches and articles. The speeches in this series are unidentified by audience or sponsor or affiliated with a group not otherwise not listed in another series. Additional speeches may be found in organizational series by checking folder headings. Series V contains material regarding political candidates and issues. Series VI consists of material relating to the various schools, colleges and universities she has been associated with and is divided alphabetical. Series VII contains material relating to her work with St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Series VIII consists of a variety of material reflecting Mrs. McClenahan's daily activities, social plans, and wide range of interests. [See the NOTE under Series for additional materials added in 2000.]","Series I--Correspondence (1933-1993)","Series II--Major volunteer organizations, Subseries A: Arts Council of Richmond (1982-1988), Subseries B: Maymont Foundation (1979-1992), Subseries C: Metropolitan Richmond Chamber of Commerce (1981-1992), Subseries D: Planned Parenthood (1942-1992), Subseries E: Richmond Better Housing Coalition (1984-1993), Subseries F: Richmond-On-The-James (1978-1988), Subseries G: Richmond Renaissance (1982-1990), Subseries H: Richmond Urban Forum (1982-1990), Subseries I: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1957-1993), Subseries J: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1983-1990), Subseries K: Virginia Historical Society (1990-1993), Subseries L: Poplar Forest (1988-1993)","Series III--Other organizations (1951-1993)","Series IV--Speeches and Articles (1955-1993)","Series V--Politics (1985-1993)","Series VI--Schools, Colleges and Universities (1948-1993)","Series VII--St. Pauls' Episcopal Church (1937-1992)","Series VIII--Alphabetical Files (1935-1993)","Note: Additional materials were added in July 2000. The materials in these containers, boxes 91-109, were added to the end of the collection and are divided as follows: Correspondence (n.d., 1930-1998); Maymont Foundation (n.d., 1983-1997); Richmond Better Housing Coalition (n.d., 1988-1999); Richmond Renaissance (n.d., 1987-1996); miscellaneous colleges and schools (n.d., 1967-1997); Richmond Urban Forum (19- 19); Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation (1968-1993); St. Paul's Episcopal Church (n.d., 1984-1998); Stratford Hall (n.d., 1984-1989); Virginia Historical Society (n.d., 1983-1992); Virginia Union University (n.d., 1988- 1993); and miscellaneous civic and volunteer organizations (n.d., 1967-1998)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan is a Richmond community leader, activist and philanthropist. She has been described as the \"conscience of Richmond\" for her contributions to the Richmond community in the areas of racial harmony, housing, Richmond revitalization and historic preservation. She has also been active in the arts, her church, and education.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn in Richmond on April 6, 1917, Mary Tyler is the daughter of Douglas Southall Freeman (1886-1953), noted historian and journalist, and Inez Goddin Freeman (1891-1974). She attended St. Catherine's School and Vassar College, receiving an A.B. in English-Creative Writing in 1937.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter college she worked briefly as a secretary in the Department of Fine Arts of William and Mary College where she met Leslie Cheek, Jr. (1908-1992), then head of the department. They married in 1939. The Cheeks lived in Baltimore for three years while Mr. Cheek was Director of the Baltimore Museum of Fine Arts and in Washington, D.C. during World War II. While Mr. Cheek served in the Army, Mrs. McClenahan volunteered as a nurse's aid. After Cheek's discharge from the Army in 1945, they lived in New York City where Cheek had been hired as an Associate Editor of Architectural Forum Magazine. The couple returned to Richmond when Cheek became the first director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1948-1968). The Cheeks had four children. After Mr. Cheek's death in 1992, Mrs. Cheek married Dr. John Lorimer McClenahan, a retired Pennsylvanian radiologist, the following year.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMrs. McClenahan is responsible for a number of Richmond civic initiatives, including bringing together the 35 groups that make up the Richmond Better Housing Coalition and founding the Richmond Urban Forum. She was twice president of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood and has participated as a volunteer and board member of numerous Richmond civic organizations, including Richmond Renaissance and Richmond-On- The- James. She has also been an active member of Richmond's historic St. Paul's Episcopal Church.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSome of the organizations Mrs. McClenahan has been associated with include: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMember, Executive Committee and Board of The Arts Council of Richmond \nMember, 175th Anniversary of the Executive Mansion Commission \nAdvisory Committee Girl Scouts \nMember, Board of Historic Richmond Foundation \nDame and Member of the Board of Governors of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem \nMember, National Committee, Jefferson Poplar Forest Fund \nMember, Board of Leadership Metro Richmond \nMember, Board of Maymont Foundation \nChairman, Film Committee of the National Council for America's First Freedom: The Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom \nRichmond AIDS Ministry \nCo-Chairman, Richmond Better Housing Coalition \nMember, Board of Richmond Hill \nMember, Board of Richmond-On-The-James \nMember, Executive Committee and Board of Richmond Renaissance \nFounder and Honorary Chairman, Richmond Urban Forum \nDirector for Virginia and Past President, Robert E. Lee Memorial Association which administers Stratford Hall, the birthplace of Robert E. Lee \nFormer Vestry member and Junior Warden of St. Paul's Episcopal Church \nMember, Board of Theatre Virginia Past President (twice) and honorary board member of Virginia League for Planned Parenthood \nTrustee, Virginia Union University \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eClubs include: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCosmopolitan Club, NYC \nHroswitha Club, NYC \nJames River Garden Club, Richmond \nRichmond First Club \nRichmond Kiwanis \nVirginia Writer's Club \nWoman's Club of Richmond \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAwards Mrs. McClenahan has received include: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRichmond's Christmas Mother (1973) \nAssociation for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities' Mary Maso Williams Award (1977) \nJunior League of Richmond's Barbara Renson Andrews Award for Distinguished Volunteer Service (1982) \nSt Catherine's School's Distinguished Alumni Award (1983) \nVirginia League of Planned Parenthood Distinguished Service Award (1984) \nNational Conference of Christian and Jews' Brotherhood Citation (1985) \nOmicron Delta Kappa's Conspicuous Attainment Award (1986) \nYWCA of Richmond's Outstanding Woman of the Year (1986) \nRichmond First Club's Good Government Award (1987) \nRichmond Urban League's Charlotte T. Washington Community Services Award (1988) \nStyle Magazine's Richmonder of the Year (1991) \nHousing Opportunities Made Equal (H.O.M.E.) Fair Housing Award \nH.O.M.E. Sallie Wilson Peake Memorial Award for Outstanding Support of Fair Housing \nNational Multiple Sclerosis Society, Silver Hope Award (1994) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eHonorary Degrees Mrs. McClenahan has received: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDoctor of Humanities from University of Richmond \nDoctor of Humane Letters from St. Paul's College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Washington and Lee University \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Hollins College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Virginia Commonwealth University \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan is a Richmond community leader, activist and philanthropist. She has been described as the \"conscience of Richmond\" for her contributions to the Richmond community in the areas of racial harmony, housing, Richmond revitalization and historic preservation. She has also been active in the arts, her church, and education.","Born in Richmond on April 6, 1917, Mary Tyler is the daughter of Douglas Southall Freeman (1886-1953), noted historian and journalist, and Inez Goddin Freeman (1891-1974). She attended St. Catherine's School and Vassar College, receiving an A.B. in English-Creative Writing in 1937.","After college she worked briefly as a secretary in the Department of Fine Arts of William and Mary College where she met Leslie Cheek, Jr. (1908-1992), then head of the department. They married in 1939. The Cheeks lived in Baltimore for three years while Mr. Cheek was Director of the Baltimore Museum of Fine Arts and in Washington, D.C. during World War II. While Mr. Cheek served in the Army, Mrs. McClenahan volunteered as a nurse's aid. After Cheek's discharge from the Army in 1945, they lived in New York City where Cheek had been hired as an Associate Editor of Architectural Forum Magazine. The couple returned to Richmond when Cheek became the first director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1948-1968). The Cheeks had four children. After Mr. Cheek's death in 1992, Mrs. Cheek married Dr. John Lorimer McClenahan, a retired Pennsylvanian radiologist, the following year.","Mrs. McClenahan is responsible for a number of Richmond civic initiatives, including bringing together the 35 groups that make up the Richmond Better Housing Coalition and founding the Richmond Urban Forum. She was twice president of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood and has participated as a volunteer and board member of numerous Richmond civic organizations, including Richmond Renaissance and Richmond-On- The- James. She has also been an active member of Richmond's historic St. Paul's Episcopal Church.","Some of the organizations Mrs. McClenahan has been associated with include: ","Member, Executive Committee and Board of The Arts Council of Richmond \nMember, 175th Anniversary of the Executive Mansion Commission \nAdvisory Committee Girl Scouts \nMember, Board of Historic Richmond Foundation \nDame and Member of the Board of Governors of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem \nMember, National Committee, Jefferson Poplar Forest Fund \nMember, Board of Leadership Metro Richmond \nMember, Board of Maymont Foundation \nChairman, Film Committee of the National Council for America's First Freedom: The Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom \nRichmond AIDS Ministry \nCo-Chairman, Richmond Better Housing Coalition \nMember, Board of Richmond Hill \nMember, Board of Richmond-On-The-James \nMember, Executive Committee and Board of Richmond Renaissance \nFounder and Honorary Chairman, Richmond Urban Forum \nDirector for Virginia and Past President, Robert E. Lee Memorial Association which administers Stratford Hall, the birthplace of Robert E. Lee \nFormer Vestry member and Junior Warden of St. Paul's Episcopal Church \nMember, Board of Theatre Virginia Past President (twice) and honorary board member of Virginia League for Planned Parenthood \nTrustee, Virginia Union University ","Clubs include: ","Cosmopolitan Club, NYC \nHroswitha Club, NYC \nJames River Garden Club, Richmond \nRichmond First Club \nRichmond Kiwanis \nVirginia Writer's Club \nWoman's Club of Richmond ","Awards Mrs. McClenahan has received include: ","Richmond's Christmas Mother (1973) \nAssociation for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities' Mary Maso Williams Award (1977) \nJunior League of Richmond's Barbara Renson Andrews Award for Distinguished Volunteer Service (1982) \nSt Catherine's School's Distinguished Alumni Award (1983) \nVirginia League of Planned Parenthood Distinguished Service Award (1984) \nNational Conference of Christian and Jews' Brotherhood Citation (1985) \nOmicron Delta Kappa's Conspicuous Attainment Award (1986) \nYWCA of Richmond's Outstanding Woman of the Year (1986) \nRichmond First Club's Good Government Award (1987) \nRichmond Urban League's Charlotte T. Washington Community Services Award (1988) \nStyle Magazine's Richmonder of the Year (1991) \nHousing Opportunities Made Equal (H.O.M.E.) Fair Housing Award \nH.O.M.E. Sallie Wilson Peake Memorial Award for Outstanding Support of Fair Housing \nNational Multiple Sclerosis Society, Silver Hope Award (1994) ","Honorary Degrees Mrs. McClenahan has received: ","Doctor of Humanities from University of Richmond \nDoctor of Humane Letters from St. Paul's College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Washington and Lee University \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Hollins College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Virginia Commonwealth University "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/Folder, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan Papers, M 302, Special Collection and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/Folder, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan Papers, M 302, Special Collection and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes correspondence, notes, clippings, various organizational minutes, reports and files, drafts of speeches, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1933 through 1993. The bulk of the collection dates from the late 1970s through the early 1990s and focuses on Mrs. McClenahan's involvement on issues of race, housing, historic preservation, and Richmond revitalization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe organizational records in the collection include material from many of Richmond's major civic organizations, including Planned Parenthood, the Richmond Better Housing Coalition, Richmond-On-The-James, Richmond Renaissance and the Richmond Urban Forum. The activities of other organizations are also represented to a lesser degree. A number of these organizations are represented in other collections within Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Please ask a staff member for more information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains material documenting Mrs. McClenahan's involvement in education, the arts and politics in Richmond and Virginia, in St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and speeches she has given. Other material in the collection ranges from correspondence of friends and family to material on her daily life, social plans, family holidays and vacations to information on her various interests\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes correspondence, notes, clippings, various organizational minutes, reports and files, drafts of speeches, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1933 through 1993. The bulk of the collection dates from the late 1970s through the early 1990s and focuses on Mrs. McClenahan's involvement on issues of race, housing, historic preservation, and Richmond revitalization.","The organizational records in the collection include material from many of Richmond's major civic organizations, including Planned Parenthood, the Richmond Better Housing Coalition, Richmond-On-The-James, Richmond Renaissance and the Richmond Urban Forum. The activities of other organizations are also represented to a lesser degree. A number of these organizations are represented in other collections within Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Please ask a staff member for more information.","The collection also contains material documenting Mrs. McClenahan's involvement in education, the arts and politics in Richmond and Virginia, in St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and speeches she has given. Other material in the collection ranges from correspondence of friends and family to material on her daily life, social plans, family holidays and vacations to information on her various interests"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)","McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)","McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2899,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-11T19:06:55.304Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_582_c02_c14","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Alternative News Publications - Assorted","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_582_c02_c14#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_582_c02_c14","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_582_c02_c14"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_582_c02_c14","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_582","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_582","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_582_c02","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_582_c02","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_582","vircu_repositories_5_resources_582_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_582","vircu_repositories_5_resources_582_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bonnie Atwood papers","Series 2: Alternative News Publications and Magazines"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bonnie Atwood papers","Series 2: Alternative News Publications and Magazines"],"text":["Bonnie Atwood papers","Series 2: Alternative News Publications and Magazines","Alternative News Publications - Assorted","English .","box 6"],"title_filing_ssi":"Alternative News Publications - Assorted","title_ssm":["Alternative News Publications - Assorted"],"title_tesim":["Alternative News Publications - Assorted"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1969-1974"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1969/1974"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alternative News Publications - Assorted"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Bonnie Atwood papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":46,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974],"language_ssim":["English ."],"containers_ssim":["box 6"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#13","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:28.221Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_582","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_582","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_582","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_582","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_582.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Atwood, Bonnie, papers","title_ssm":["Bonnie Atwood papers"],"title_tesim":["Bonnie Atwood papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1968-2005"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1968-2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 520","/repositories/5/resources/582"],"text":["M 520","/repositories/5/resources/582","Bonnie Atwood papers","Feminists","Sexual minorities","Women's rights","Underground press publications","Women's rights -- History -- 20th century -- United States","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into two series: Series 1: Subject Files, 1966-2001 and Series 2: Alternative News Publications and Magazines, 1971-2005.","Bonnie Atwood is a feminist lobbyist, author, and activist from Virginia, primarily active from the 1970s to the present. Her efforts include advocating for the rights of women as homemakers and protesting the Catholic annulment system. Atwood was born in Arlington, Virginia in 1947. She attended George Mason College (now George Mason University) in Fairfax, Virginia in the 1960s where she studied psychology. During her time at George Mason College, Atwood joined classes at the Institute for Policy Studies (IPS) in Washington, DC.  While there, she became involved in various activist causes such as the women's movement, the Vietnam peace movement, and the Civil Rights movement by collaborating in think tanks and alternative newspapers. ","After the classes at IPS ended, Atwood and her classmates continued to meet, calling themselves the Washington Women's Liberation group. Some members spun off into other groups such as Off Our Backs, The Furies, and The Witches. These groups created alternative news publications focusing on their core beliefs. Atwood wrote articles and pamphlets for consciousness-raising efforts to contribute to several of these publications. ","In 1980, Atwood moved to Richmond, Virginia where she worked as a freelance writer for the Richmond Times-Dispatch while raising her child. During that period, Atwood became involved in advocacy groups for the support of women's rights in the marriage annulment process practiced by the Catholic Church. In 1993, she attended law school at the University of Richmond, focusing on disability law. While attending the university, Atwood wrote for the school newspaper's etiquette column. She graduated with a Juris Doctor degree in 1996. Rather than pursue a legal practice, Atwood became a professional lobbyist for various clients, including the Virginia Federation of Food Banks, Virginia Girl Scout Legislative Coalition, American Red Cross, Speech-Language-Hearing Association and Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy. In 2003, Atwood published her book, In the Field of Honor: Stories of Virginia Veterans, a compilation of interviews with veterans from multiple branches of the United States military. Today, she continues to act as a lobbyist for the Virginia Retired Teachers Association and the Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy.\nSources: ","Bonnie Atwood - Early Women's Liberationis, Lawyer, Writer. Veteran Feminists of America.   (Weblink)","\"Bonnie Atwood named 2016 Communicator of Achievement.\"  Virginia Professional Communicators  . 2016.   (Article Link)","The Bonnie Atwood papers, 1965-2005, is a collection of research and reference materials used by Virginia feminist Bonnie Atwood. The papers provide insight into the beliefs and methodologies of grassroots second-wave feminist activists during the 1960s and 1970s.","Series 1: Subject Files, 1965-2001: The bulk of the collection is comprised of subject files collected by Atwood, which reflect her interests and areas of advocacy. The primary focuses of the materials  are feminism, civil rights, and anti-war movements.","The majority of the subject files relate to Atwood's involvement in feminist causes. The files pertain to women's health, women's history, women in the news, and general feminist theory and are primarily in the  form of pamphlets, essays, newsletters, and flyers. Files related to specific feminist groups and goals Atwood supported include the International Institute for Women's Studies in Northern Virginia, the Virginia Foundation for Women, and the Washington Women's Liberation Bulletin which all operated to educate women on the core concepts of second-wave feminism in the 1960s and 1970s.","An additional theme represented in Atwood's subject files is anti-war material. Included are studies and informational pamphlets exploring the effects of the Vietnam War and the draft on society, as well as material promoting protests and legislative action against the war. Correspondence included in the series is primarily with Virginia congressmen requesting action regarding the Vietnam War.","The flyers within the collection represent a wide range of topics and events which Atwood supported. Most of them promote local protests and demonstrations in the Northern Virginia and Richmond areas, while others are informational in nature to raise awareness of feminist or anti-war causes.","Series 2: Alternative News Publications and Magazines, 1969-2005: Atwood's collection also contains various issues of alternative press publications.  Many of the publications focus primarily on the promotion of non-traditional radical activism. Topics include women's liberation, anti-war, and anti-government columns.  While  the collection does not include full runs of the publications, the issues kept by Atwood reflect her opinions on these topics.","The series includes sporadic  consecutive issues for the years 1969-1970 for the alternative newspapers  Alice ,  Broadside ,  Guardian , and  Quicksilver Times . Additionally, the series contains one-off issues of other alternative publications such as the first issue of  Off Our Backs , a feminist and lesbian focused news publication which includes subjects that today would be described as LGBTQ+. Also found in this series are activist magazines, such as  The Ragged Edge  and  Mouth Magazine , written to raise awareness about living with physical and mental disabilities.","A first printing copy of the one-shot underground comic  It Ain't Me, Babe  has been removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","A copy of the LP record  Message to the Grass Roots from Malcom X  has been removed from the collection and cataloged separately. ","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Atwood, Bonnie","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 520","/repositories/5/resources/582"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bonnie Atwood papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bonnie Atwood papers"],"collection_ssim":["Bonnie Atwood papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Atwood, Bonnie","Atwood, Bonnie"],"creator_ssim":["Atwood, Bonnie","Atwood, Bonnie"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Atwood, Bonnie","Atwood, Bonnie"],"creators_ssim":["Atwood, Bonnie","Atwood, Bonnie"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Bonnie Atwood in 2014."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Feminists","Sexual minorities","Women's rights","Underground press publications","Women's rights -- History -- 20th century -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Feminists","Sexual minorities","Women's rights","Underground press publications","Women's rights -- History -- 20th century -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5.43 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["5.43 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into two series: Series 1: Subject Files, 1966-2001 and Series 2: Alternative News Publications and Magazines, 1971-2005.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into two series: Series 1: Subject Files, 1966-2001 and Series 2: Alternative News Publications and Magazines, 1971-2005."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBonnie Atwood is a feminist lobbyist, author, and activist from Virginia, primarily active from the 1970s to the present. Her efforts include advocating for the rights of women as homemakers and protesting the Catholic annulment system. Atwood was born in Arlington, Virginia in 1947. She attended George Mason College (now George Mason University) in Fairfax, Virginia in the 1960s where she studied psychology. During her time at George Mason College, Atwood joined classes at the Institute for Policy Studies (IPS) in Washington, DC.  While there, she became involved in various activist causes such as the women's movement, the Vietnam peace movement, and the Civil Rights movement by collaborating in think tanks and alternative newspapers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the classes at IPS ended, Atwood and her classmates continued to meet, calling themselves the Washington Women's Liberation group. Some members spun off into other groups such as Off Our Backs, The Furies, and The Witches. These groups created alternative news publications focusing on their core beliefs. Atwood wrote articles and pamphlets for consciousness-raising efforts to contribute to several of these publications. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1980, Atwood moved to Richmond, Virginia where she worked as a freelance writer for the Richmond Times-Dispatch while raising her child. During that period, Atwood became involved in advocacy groups for the support of women's rights in the marriage annulment process practiced by the Catholic Church. In 1993, she attended law school at the University of Richmond, focusing on disability law. While attending the university, Atwood wrote for the school newspaper's etiquette column. She graduated with a Juris Doctor degree in 1996. Rather than pursue a legal practice, Atwood became a professional lobbyist for various clients, including the Virginia Federation of Food Banks, Virginia Girl Scout Legislative Coalition, American Red Cross, Speech-Language-Hearing Association and Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy. In 2003, Atwood published her book, In the Field of Honor: Stories of Virginia Veterans, a compilation of interviews with veterans from multiple branches of the United States military. Today, she continues to act as a lobbyist for the Virginia Retired Teachers Association and the Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy.\nSources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBonnie Atwood - Early Women's Liberationis, Lawyer, Writer. Veteran Feminists of America. \u003cextref href=\"https://www.veteranfeministsofamerica.org/legacy/BONNIE%20ATWOOD.htm\"\u003e (Weblink)\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Bonnie Atwood named 2016 Communicator of Achievement.\" \u003ctitle\u003eVirginia Professional Communicators \u003c/title\u003e. 2016. \u003cextref href=\"http://vapc.org/news/bonnie-atwood-named-2016-communicator-achievement/\"\u003e (Article Link)\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Bonnie Atwood is a feminist lobbyist, author, and activist from Virginia, primarily active from the 1970s to the present. Her efforts include advocating for the rights of women as homemakers and protesting the Catholic annulment system. Atwood was born in Arlington, Virginia in 1947. She attended George Mason College (now George Mason University) in Fairfax, Virginia in the 1960s where she studied psychology. During her time at George Mason College, Atwood joined classes at the Institute for Policy Studies (IPS) in Washington, DC.  While there, she became involved in various activist causes such as the women's movement, the Vietnam peace movement, and the Civil Rights movement by collaborating in think tanks and alternative newspapers. ","After the classes at IPS ended, Atwood and her classmates continued to meet, calling themselves the Washington Women's Liberation group. Some members spun off into other groups such as Off Our Backs, The Furies, and The Witches. These groups created alternative news publications focusing on their core beliefs. Atwood wrote articles and pamphlets for consciousness-raising efforts to contribute to several of these publications. ","In 1980, Atwood moved to Richmond, Virginia where she worked as a freelance writer for the Richmond Times-Dispatch while raising her child. During that period, Atwood became involved in advocacy groups for the support of women's rights in the marriage annulment process practiced by the Catholic Church. In 1993, she attended law school at the University of Richmond, focusing on disability law. While attending the university, Atwood wrote for the school newspaper's etiquette column. She graduated with a Juris Doctor degree in 1996. Rather than pursue a legal practice, Atwood became a professional lobbyist for various clients, including the Virginia Federation of Food Banks, Virginia Girl Scout Legislative Coalition, American Red Cross, Speech-Language-Hearing Association and Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy. In 2003, Atwood published her book, In the Field of Honor: Stories of Virginia Veterans, a compilation of interviews with veterans from multiple branches of the United States military. Today, she continues to act as a lobbyist for the Virginia Retired Teachers Association and the Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy.\nSources: ","Bonnie Atwood - Early Women's Liberationis, Lawyer, Writer. Veteran Feminists of America.   (Weblink)","\"Bonnie Atwood named 2016 Communicator of Achievement.\"  Virginia Professional Communicators  . 2016.   (Article Link)"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBonnie Atwood papers, 1965-2005, Collection # M 520, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Bonnie Atwood papers, 1965-2005, Collection # M 520, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Bonnie Atwood papers, 1965-2005, is a collection of research and reference materials used by Virginia feminist Bonnie Atwood. The papers provide insight into the beliefs and methodologies of grassroots second-wave feminist activists during the 1960s and 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Subject Files, 1965-2001: The bulk of the collection is comprised of subject files collected by Atwood, which reflect her interests and areas of advocacy. The primary focuses of the materials  are feminism, civil rights, and anti-war movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the subject files relate to Atwood's involvement in feminist causes. The files pertain to women's health, women's history, women in the news, and general feminist theory and are primarily in the  form of pamphlets, essays, newsletters, and flyers. Files related to specific feminist groups and goals Atwood supported include the International Institute for Women's Studies in Northern Virginia, the Virginia Foundation for Women, and the Washington Women's Liberation Bulletin which all operated to educate women on the core concepts of second-wave feminism in the 1960s and 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn additional theme represented in Atwood's subject files is anti-war material. Included are studies and informational pamphlets exploring the effects of the Vietnam War and the draft on society, as well as material promoting protests and legislative action against the war. Correspondence included in the series is primarily with Virginia congressmen requesting action regarding the Vietnam War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe flyers within the collection represent a wide range of topics and events which Atwood supported. Most of them promote local protests and demonstrations in the Northern Virginia and Richmond areas, while others are informational in nature to raise awareness of feminist or anti-war causes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Alternative News Publications and Magazines, 1969-2005: Atwood's collection also contains various issues of alternative press publications.  Many of the publications focus primarily on the promotion of non-traditional radical activism. Topics include women's liberation, anti-war, and anti-government columns. \u003cemph\u003eWhile\u003c/emph\u003e the collection does not include full runs of the publications, the issues kept by Atwood reflect her opinions on these topics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes sporadic  consecutive issues for the years 1969-1970 for the alternative newspapers \u003ctitle\u003eAlice\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eBroadside\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eGuardian\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle\u003eQuicksilver Times\u003c/title\u003e. Additionally, the series contains one-off issues of other alternative publications such as the first issue of \u003ctitle\u003eOff Our Backs\u003c/title\u003e, a feminist and lesbian focused news publication which includes subjects that today would be described as LGBTQ+. Also found in this series are activist magazines, such as \u003ctitle\u003eThe Ragged Edge\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle\u003eMouth Magazine\u003c/title\u003e, written to raise awareness about living with physical and mental disabilities.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Bonnie Atwood papers, 1965-2005, is a collection of research and reference materials used by Virginia feminist Bonnie Atwood. The papers provide insight into the beliefs and methodologies of grassroots second-wave feminist activists during the 1960s and 1970s.","Series 1: Subject Files, 1965-2001: The bulk of the collection is comprised of subject files collected by Atwood, which reflect her interests and areas of advocacy. The primary focuses of the materials  are feminism, civil rights, and anti-war movements.","The majority of the subject files relate to Atwood's involvement in feminist causes. The files pertain to women's health, women's history, women in the news, and general feminist theory and are primarily in the  form of pamphlets, essays, newsletters, and flyers. Files related to specific feminist groups and goals Atwood supported include the International Institute for Women's Studies in Northern Virginia, the Virginia Foundation for Women, and the Washington Women's Liberation Bulletin which all operated to educate women on the core concepts of second-wave feminism in the 1960s and 1970s.","An additional theme represented in Atwood's subject files is anti-war material. Included are studies and informational pamphlets exploring the effects of the Vietnam War and the draft on society, as well as material promoting protests and legislative action against the war. Correspondence included in the series is primarily with Virginia congressmen requesting action regarding the Vietnam War.","The flyers within the collection represent a wide range of topics and events which Atwood supported. Most of them promote local protests and demonstrations in the Northern Virginia and Richmond areas, while others are informational in nature to raise awareness of feminist or anti-war causes.","Series 2: Alternative News Publications and Magazines, 1969-2005: Atwood's collection also contains various issues of alternative press publications.  Many of the publications focus primarily on the promotion of non-traditional radical activism. Topics include women's liberation, anti-war, and anti-government columns.  While  the collection does not include full runs of the publications, the issues kept by Atwood reflect her opinions on these topics.","The series includes sporadic  consecutive issues for the years 1969-1970 for the alternative newspapers  Alice ,  Broadside ,  Guardian , and  Quicksilver Times . Additionally, the series contains one-off issues of other alternative publications such as the first issue of  Off Our Backs , a feminist and lesbian focused news publication which includes subjects that today would be described as LGBTQ+. Also found in this series are activist magazines, such as  The Ragged Edge  and  Mouth Magazine , written to raise awareness about living with physical and mental disabilities."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA first printing copy of the one-shot underground comic \u003ctitle\u003eIt Ain't Me, Babe\u003c/title\u003e has been removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA copy of the LP record \u003ctitle\u003eMessage to the Grass Roots from Malcom X\u003c/title\u003e has been removed from the collection and cataloged separately. \u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A first printing copy of the one-shot underground comic  It Ain't Me, Babe  has been removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","A copy of the LP record  Message to the Grass Roots from Malcom X  has been removed from the collection and cataloged separately. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Atwood, Bonnie"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Atwood, Bonnie"],"persname_ssim":["Atwood, Bonnie"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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Her efforts include advocating for the rights of women as homemakers and protesting the Catholic annulment system. Atwood was born in Arlington, Virginia in 1947. She attended George Mason College (now George Mason University) in Fairfax, Virginia in the 1960s where she studied psychology. During her time at George Mason College, Atwood joined classes at the Institute for Policy Studies (IPS) in Washington, DC.  While there, she became involved in various activist causes such as the women's movement, the Vietnam peace movement, and the Civil Rights movement by collaborating in think tanks and alternative newspapers. ","After the classes at IPS ended, Atwood and her classmates continued to meet, calling themselves the Washington Women's Liberation group. Some members spun off into other groups such as Off Our Backs, The Furies, and The Witches. These groups created alternative news publications focusing on their core beliefs. Atwood wrote articles and pamphlets for consciousness-raising efforts to contribute to several of these publications. ","In 1980, Atwood moved to Richmond, Virginia where she worked as a freelance writer for the Richmond Times-Dispatch while raising her child. During that period, Atwood became involved in advocacy groups for the support of women's rights in the marriage annulment process practiced by the Catholic Church. In 1993, she attended law school at the University of Richmond, focusing on disability law. While attending the university, Atwood wrote for the school newspaper's etiquette column. She graduated with a Juris Doctor degree in 1996. Rather than pursue a legal practice, Atwood became a professional lobbyist for various clients, including the Virginia Federation of Food Banks, Virginia Girl Scout Legislative Coalition, American Red Cross, Speech-Language-Hearing Association and Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy. In 2003, Atwood published her book, In the Field of Honor: Stories of Virginia Veterans, a compilation of interviews with veterans from multiple branches of the United States military. Today, she continues to act as a lobbyist for the Virginia Retired Teachers Association and the Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy.\nSources: ","Bonnie Atwood - Early Women's Liberationis, Lawyer, Writer. Veteran Feminists of America.   (Weblink)","\"Bonnie Atwood named 2016 Communicator of Achievement.\"  Virginia Professional Communicators  . 2016.   (Article Link)","The Bonnie Atwood papers, 1965-2005, is a collection of research and reference materials used by Virginia feminist Bonnie Atwood. The papers provide insight into the beliefs and methodologies of grassroots second-wave feminist activists during the 1960s and 1970s.","Series 1: Subject Files, 1965-2001: The bulk of the collection is comprised of subject files collected by Atwood, which reflect her interests and areas of advocacy. The primary focuses of the materials  are feminism, civil rights, and anti-war movements.","The majority of the subject files relate to Atwood's involvement in feminist causes. The files pertain to women's health, women's history, women in the news, and general feminist theory and are primarily in the  form of pamphlets, essays, newsletters, and flyers. Files related to specific feminist groups and goals Atwood supported include the International Institute for Women's Studies in Northern Virginia, the Virginia Foundation for Women, and the Washington Women's Liberation Bulletin which all operated to educate women on the core concepts of second-wave feminism in the 1960s and 1970s.","An additional theme represented in Atwood's subject files is anti-war material. Included are studies and informational pamphlets exploring the effects of the Vietnam War and the draft on society, as well as material promoting protests and legislative action against the war. Correspondence included in the series is primarily with Virginia congressmen requesting action regarding the Vietnam War.","The flyers within the collection represent a wide range of topics and events which Atwood supported. Most of them promote local protests and demonstrations in the Northern Virginia and Richmond areas, while others are informational in nature to raise awareness of feminist or anti-war causes.","Series 2: Alternative News Publications and Magazines, 1969-2005: Atwood's collection also contains various issues of alternative press publications.  Many of the publications focus primarily on the promotion of non-traditional radical activism. Topics include women's liberation, anti-war, and anti-government columns.  While  the collection does not include full runs of the publications, the issues kept by Atwood reflect her opinions on these topics.","The series includes sporadic  consecutive issues for the years 1969-1970 for the alternative newspapers  Alice ,  Broadside ,  Guardian , and  Quicksilver Times . Additionally, the series contains one-off issues of other alternative publications such as the first issue of  Off Our Backs , a feminist and lesbian focused news publication which includes subjects that today would be described as LGBTQ+. Also found in this series are activist magazines, such as  The Ragged Edge  and  Mouth Magazine , written to raise awareness about living with physical and mental disabilities.","A first printing copy of the one-shot underground comic  It Ain't Me, Babe  has been removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","A copy of the LP record  Message to the Grass Roots from Malcom X  has been removed from the collection and cataloged separately. ","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Atwood, Bonnie","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 520","/repositories/5/resources/582"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bonnie Atwood papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bonnie Atwood papers"],"collection_ssim":["Bonnie Atwood papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Atwood, Bonnie","Atwood, Bonnie"],"creator_ssim":["Atwood, Bonnie","Atwood, Bonnie"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Atwood, Bonnie","Atwood, Bonnie"],"creators_ssim":["Atwood, Bonnie","Atwood, Bonnie"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Bonnie Atwood in 2014."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Feminists","Sexual minorities","Women's rights","Underground press publications","Women's rights -- History -- 20th century -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Feminists","Sexual minorities","Women's rights","Underground press publications","Women's rights -- History -- 20th century -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5.43 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["5.43 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into two series: Series 1: Subject Files, 1966-2001 and Series 2: Alternative News Publications and Magazines, 1971-2005.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into two series: Series 1: Subject Files, 1966-2001 and Series 2: Alternative News Publications and Magazines, 1971-2005."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBonnie Atwood is a feminist lobbyist, author, and activist from Virginia, primarily active from the 1970s to the present. Her efforts include advocating for the rights of women as homemakers and protesting the Catholic annulment system. Atwood was born in Arlington, Virginia in 1947. She attended George Mason College (now George Mason University) in Fairfax, Virginia in the 1960s where she studied psychology. During her time at George Mason College, Atwood joined classes at the Institute for Policy Studies (IPS) in Washington, DC.  While there, she became involved in various activist causes such as the women's movement, the Vietnam peace movement, and the Civil Rights movement by collaborating in think tanks and alternative newspapers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the classes at IPS ended, Atwood and her classmates continued to meet, calling themselves the Washington Women's Liberation group. Some members spun off into other groups such as Off Our Backs, The Furies, and The Witches. These groups created alternative news publications focusing on their core beliefs. Atwood wrote articles and pamphlets for consciousness-raising efforts to contribute to several of these publications. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1980, Atwood moved to Richmond, Virginia where she worked as a freelance writer for the Richmond Times-Dispatch while raising her child. During that period, Atwood became involved in advocacy groups for the support of women's rights in the marriage annulment process practiced by the Catholic Church. In 1993, she attended law school at the University of Richmond, focusing on disability law. While attending the university, Atwood wrote for the school newspaper's etiquette column. She graduated with a Juris Doctor degree in 1996. Rather than pursue a legal practice, Atwood became a professional lobbyist for various clients, including the Virginia Federation of Food Banks, Virginia Girl Scout Legislative Coalition, American Red Cross, Speech-Language-Hearing Association and Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy. In 2003, Atwood published her book, In the Field of Honor: Stories of Virginia Veterans, a compilation of interviews with veterans from multiple branches of the United States military. Today, she continues to act as a lobbyist for the Virginia Retired Teachers Association and the Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy.\nSources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBonnie Atwood - Early Women's Liberationis, Lawyer, Writer. Veteran Feminists of America. \u003cextref href=\"https://www.veteranfeministsofamerica.org/legacy/BONNIE%20ATWOOD.htm\"\u003e (Weblink)\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Bonnie Atwood named 2016 Communicator of Achievement.\" \u003ctitle\u003eVirginia Professional Communicators \u003c/title\u003e. 2016. \u003cextref href=\"http://vapc.org/news/bonnie-atwood-named-2016-communicator-achievement/\"\u003e (Article Link)\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Bonnie Atwood is a feminist lobbyist, author, and activist from Virginia, primarily active from the 1970s to the present. Her efforts include advocating for the rights of women as homemakers and protesting the Catholic annulment system. Atwood was born in Arlington, Virginia in 1947. She attended George Mason College (now George Mason University) in Fairfax, Virginia in the 1960s where she studied psychology. During her time at George Mason College, Atwood joined classes at the Institute for Policy Studies (IPS) in Washington, DC.  While there, she became involved in various activist causes such as the women's movement, the Vietnam peace movement, and the Civil Rights movement by collaborating in think tanks and alternative newspapers. ","After the classes at IPS ended, Atwood and her classmates continued to meet, calling themselves the Washington Women's Liberation group. Some members spun off into other groups such as Off Our Backs, The Furies, and The Witches. These groups created alternative news publications focusing on their core beliefs. Atwood wrote articles and pamphlets for consciousness-raising efforts to contribute to several of these publications. ","In 1980, Atwood moved to Richmond, Virginia where she worked as a freelance writer for the Richmond Times-Dispatch while raising her child. During that period, Atwood became involved in advocacy groups for the support of women's rights in the marriage annulment process practiced by the Catholic Church. In 1993, she attended law school at the University of Richmond, focusing on disability law. While attending the university, Atwood wrote for the school newspaper's etiquette column. She graduated with a Juris Doctor degree in 1996. Rather than pursue a legal practice, Atwood became a professional lobbyist for various clients, including the Virginia Federation of Food Banks, Virginia Girl Scout Legislative Coalition, American Red Cross, Speech-Language-Hearing Association and Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy. In 2003, Atwood published her book, In the Field of Honor: Stories of Virginia Veterans, a compilation of interviews with veterans from multiple branches of the United States military. Today, she continues to act as a lobbyist for the Virginia Retired Teachers Association and the Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy.\nSources: ","Bonnie Atwood - Early Women's Liberationis, Lawyer, Writer. Veteran Feminists of America.   (Weblink)","\"Bonnie Atwood named 2016 Communicator of Achievement.\"  Virginia Professional Communicators  . 2016.   (Article Link)"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBonnie Atwood papers, 1965-2005, Collection # M 520, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Bonnie Atwood papers, 1965-2005, Collection # M 520, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Bonnie Atwood papers, 1965-2005, is a collection of research and reference materials used by Virginia feminist Bonnie Atwood. The papers provide insight into the beliefs and methodologies of grassroots second-wave feminist activists during the 1960s and 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Subject Files, 1965-2001: The bulk of the collection is comprised of subject files collected by Atwood, which reflect her interests and areas of advocacy. The primary focuses of the materials  are feminism, civil rights, and anti-war movements.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the subject files relate to Atwood's involvement in feminist causes. The files pertain to women's health, women's history, women in the news, and general feminist theory and are primarily in the  form of pamphlets, essays, newsletters, and flyers. Files related to specific feminist groups and goals Atwood supported include the International Institute for Women's Studies in Northern Virginia, the Virginia Foundation for Women, and the Washington Women's Liberation Bulletin which all operated to educate women on the core concepts of second-wave feminism in the 1960s and 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn additional theme represented in Atwood's subject files is anti-war material. Included are studies and informational pamphlets exploring the effects of the Vietnam War and the draft on society, as well as material promoting protests and legislative action against the war. Correspondence included in the series is primarily with Virginia congressmen requesting action regarding the Vietnam War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe flyers within the collection represent a wide range of topics and events which Atwood supported. Most of them promote local protests and demonstrations in the Northern Virginia and Richmond areas, while others are informational in nature to raise awareness of feminist or anti-war causes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Alternative News Publications and Magazines, 1969-2005: Atwood's collection also contains various issues of alternative press publications.  Many of the publications focus primarily on the promotion of non-traditional radical activism. Topics include women's liberation, anti-war, and anti-government columns. \u003cemph\u003eWhile\u003c/emph\u003e the collection does not include full runs of the publications, the issues kept by Atwood reflect her opinions on these topics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes sporadic  consecutive issues for the years 1969-1970 for the alternative newspapers \u003ctitle\u003eAlice\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eBroadside\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eGuardian\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle\u003eQuicksilver Times\u003c/title\u003e. Additionally, the series contains one-off issues of other alternative publications such as the first issue of \u003ctitle\u003eOff Our Backs\u003c/title\u003e, a feminist and lesbian focused news publication which includes subjects that today would be described as LGBTQ+. Also found in this series are activist magazines, such as \u003ctitle\u003eThe Ragged Edge\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle\u003eMouth Magazine\u003c/title\u003e, written to raise awareness about living with physical and mental disabilities.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Bonnie Atwood papers, 1965-2005, is a collection of research and reference materials used by Virginia feminist Bonnie Atwood. The papers provide insight into the beliefs and methodologies of grassroots second-wave feminist activists during the 1960s and 1970s.","Series 1: Subject Files, 1965-2001: The bulk of the collection is comprised of subject files collected by Atwood, which reflect her interests and areas of advocacy. The primary focuses of the materials  are feminism, civil rights, and anti-war movements.","The majority of the subject files relate to Atwood's involvement in feminist causes. The files pertain to women's health, women's history, women in the news, and general feminist theory and are primarily in the  form of pamphlets, essays, newsletters, and flyers. Files related to specific feminist groups and goals Atwood supported include the International Institute for Women's Studies in Northern Virginia, the Virginia Foundation for Women, and the Washington Women's Liberation Bulletin which all operated to educate women on the core concepts of second-wave feminism in the 1960s and 1970s.","An additional theme represented in Atwood's subject files is anti-war material. Included are studies and informational pamphlets exploring the effects of the Vietnam War and the draft on society, as well as material promoting protests and legislative action against the war. Correspondence included in the series is primarily with Virginia congressmen requesting action regarding the Vietnam War.","The flyers within the collection represent a wide range of topics and events which Atwood supported. Most of them promote local protests and demonstrations in the Northern Virginia and Richmond areas, while others are informational in nature to raise awareness of feminist or anti-war causes.","Series 2: Alternative News Publications and Magazines, 1969-2005: Atwood's collection also contains various issues of alternative press publications.  Many of the publications focus primarily on the promotion of non-traditional radical activism. Topics include women's liberation, anti-war, and anti-government columns.  While  the collection does not include full runs of the publications, the issues kept by Atwood reflect her opinions on these topics.","The series includes sporadic  consecutive issues for the years 1969-1970 for the alternative newspapers  Alice ,  Broadside ,  Guardian , and  Quicksilver Times . Additionally, the series contains one-off issues of other alternative publications such as the first issue of  Off Our Backs , a feminist and lesbian focused news publication which includes subjects that today would be described as LGBTQ+. Also found in this series are activist magazines, such as  The Ragged Edge  and  Mouth Magazine , written to raise awareness about living with physical and mental disabilities."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA first printing copy of the one-shot underground comic \u003ctitle\u003eIt Ain't Me, Babe\u003c/title\u003e has been removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA copy of the LP record \u003ctitle\u003eMessage to the Grass Roots from Malcom X\u003c/title\u003e has been removed from the collection and cataloged separately. \u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A first printing copy of the one-shot underground comic  It Ain't Me, Babe  has been removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","A copy of the LP record  Message to the Grass Roots from Malcom X  has been removed from the collection and cataloged separately. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Atwood, Bonnie"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Atwood, Bonnie"],"persname_ssim":["Atwood, Bonnie"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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Black, social activist and New York Society for Ethical Culture leader, and Alice K. (Nanny) Pollitzer, prominent civic leader and Ethical Culture Movement member. In response to the rise of fascism abroad and to the country's domestic problems of the day, it was their intention to create \"community learning environments for youth which transcended racial, ethnic, class, religious and national boundaries,\" a vision inspired by their belief that \"young people would grow as citizens and leaders if they lived and worked together in self-made democratic communities.\" From this experience, it was hoped that they would \"develop a deeper knowledge of themselves and a vision of a more humane society.\"","The EFC's primary objective became \"the creation of a responsible, informed and effective citizenship among American youth\" capable of helping to solve society's most complex and intractable problems, and the organization aimed to foster youth leadership and civic involvement within a decidedly multicultural framework. Program participants were encouraged to examine current political, social, and economic issues through a curriculum designed to develop critical thinking and leadership skills. Over the years, the program came to include internship and community service projects, field trips, political activities, and community government participation. In addition, a wide variety of workshops, discussion groups, and lectures were held, in which the following types of subjects would be explored: social and economic justice, health and poverty, criminal justice, international relations, human rights, the environment, labor politics, education reform, racism and sexism, community and economic democracy, and youth empowerment.","Between the Encampment's inception in 1946 and dissolution in 1995, more than 7,000 young people from a diversity of racial, ethnic, religious, economic, and geographic backgrounds participated in EFC annual summer sessions, year-round leadership training programs, and various short-term projects. Some notable EFC alumni include: Gale Brewer, Ada Deer, Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz, Barney Frank, William Haddad, David Harris, Allard Lowenstein, Jean McGuire, Eleanor Holmes Norton, Charles Patterson, David Rothenberg, Hal Sieber, and Floyd \"Red Crow\" Westerman.","For several decades, the EFC enjoyed a national reputation. Prominent Encampment supporters included Eleanor Roosevelt, who served as Chairwoman of the EFC Board of Sponsors from 1946 to 1962, and Martin Luther King, Jr. In the 1950s, the organization was viewed by some with suspicion, including the American Legion, which accused the EFC of being \"un-American\" and \"socialistic.\" Widespread support for the organization continued through the 1970s, but began to wane in the 1980s within the country's conservative political climate. By the early 1990s, the Encampment had lost most of its funding base and programs were suspended in 1997. Efforts by former EFC leaders and alumni to revise the organization led to a summer 2013 pilot program in Richmond, Virginia. Since then, the EFC has offered summer and year-long programs to prepare young people to be \"informed, responsible and effective global citizens working for social justice.\"","Special Collections and Archives began collecting records of the Encampment for Citizenship (EFC) in the spring of 2010, and it is expected that the burgeoning collection will become more comprehensive as the procurement of materials continues. As of December 2010, donations have been made by: Margot Gibney, former EFC National Executive Director; Marion Silverbear [who donated materials that were compiled and collected by Margot Gibney], former EFC Alumni Coordinator and Development Coordinator; Pamela Barefoot, a former EFC staff member; and Nancy Marr, an Encampment alumna. Dr. Edward H. Peeples, Emeritus Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine and Community Health at Virginia Commonwealth University, has been involved in coordinating donation efforts. Dr. Peeples' affiliation with the EFC began when he attended the 1957 Encampment, and he remained actively involved with the organization as a recruiter, site Director, guest speaker, and advisory committee member. There are additional records related to the EFC in the Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers, which are also located in Special Collections and Archives.","Materials in the collection include Encampment publications, program and recruitment brochures, student applications, fundraising and sponsorship materials, staff handbooks, student and staff evaluation questionnaires, student and staff workshop materials, photographs and slides. The collection also contains correspondence and memoranda of EFC staff and board members, letters and correspondence of students and alumni, alumni and staff directories, alumni newsletters and reunion materials, yearbooks, and newspaper and magazine articles. The bulk of the materials date primarily from 1946 to 1997, with concentrations in the collection's holdings dating from the late 1970s to the early 1980s, and from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s. Much of the collection's correspondence records are from these periods.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Encampment for Citizenship","Encampment for Citizenship -- Archives","Marr, Nancy.","Barefoot, Pamela","Silverbear, Marion.","Gibney, Margo M.","Peeples, Edward H. (Edward Harden)","English \n.    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Black, social activist and New York Society for Ethical Culture leader, and Alice K. (Nanny) Pollitzer, prominent civic leader and Ethical Culture Movement member. In response to the rise of fascism abroad and to the country's domestic problems of the day, it was their intention to create \"community learning environments for youth which transcended racial, ethnic, class, religious and national boundaries,\" a vision inspired by their belief that \"young people would grow as citizens and leaders if they lived and worked together in self-made democratic communities.\" From this experience, it was hoped that they would \"develop a deeper knowledge of themselves and a vision of a more humane society.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe EFC's primary objective became \"the creation of a responsible, informed and effective citizenship among American youth\" capable of helping to solve society's most complex and intractable problems, and the organization aimed to foster youth leadership and civic involvement within a decidedly multicultural framework. Program participants were encouraged to examine current political, social, and economic issues through a curriculum designed to develop critical thinking and leadership skills. Over the years, the program came to include internship and community service projects, field trips, political activities, and community government participation. In addition, a wide variety of workshops, discussion groups, and lectures were held, in which the following types of subjects would be explored: social and economic justice, health and poverty, criminal justice, international relations, human rights, the environment, labor politics, education reform, racism and sexism, community and economic democracy, and youth empowerment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBetween the Encampment's inception in 1946 and dissolution in 1995, more than 7,000 young people from a diversity of racial, ethnic, religious, economic, and geographic backgrounds participated in EFC annual summer sessions, year-round leadership training programs, and various short-term projects. Some notable EFC alumni include: Gale Brewer, Ada Deer, Joseph O. 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Since then, the EFC has offered summer and year-long programs to prepare young people to be \"informed, responsible and effective global citizens working for social justice.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Encampment for Citizenship (EFC), a national youth program affiliated with the American Ethical Union, was founded in 1946, by Algernon D. Black, social activist and New York Society for Ethical Culture leader, and Alice K. (Nanny) Pollitzer, prominent civic leader and Ethical Culture Movement member. In response to the rise of fascism abroad and to the country's domestic problems of the day, it was their intention to create \"community learning environments for youth which transcended racial, ethnic, class, religious and national boundaries,\" a vision inspired by their belief that \"young people would grow as citizens and leaders if they lived and worked together in self-made democratic communities.\" From this experience, it was hoped that they would \"develop a deeper knowledge of themselves and a vision of a more humane society.\"","The EFC's primary objective became \"the creation of a responsible, informed and effective citizenship among American youth\" capable of helping to solve society's most complex and intractable problems, and the organization aimed to foster youth leadership and civic involvement within a decidedly multicultural framework. Program participants were encouraged to examine current political, social, and economic issues through a curriculum designed to develop critical thinking and leadership skills. Over the years, the program came to include internship and community service projects, field trips, political activities, and community government participation. In addition, a wide variety of workshops, discussion groups, and lectures were held, in which the following types of subjects would be explored: social and economic justice, health and poverty, criminal justice, international relations, human rights, the environment, labor politics, education reform, racism and sexism, community and economic democracy, and youth empowerment.","Between the Encampment's inception in 1946 and dissolution in 1995, more than 7,000 young people from a diversity of racial, ethnic, religious, economic, and geographic backgrounds participated in EFC annual summer sessions, year-round leadership training programs, and various short-term projects. Some notable EFC alumni include: Gale Brewer, Ada Deer, Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz, Barney Frank, William Haddad, David Harris, Allard Lowenstein, Jean McGuire, Eleanor Holmes Norton, Charles Patterson, David Rothenberg, Hal Sieber, and Floyd \"Red Crow\" Westerman.","For several decades, the EFC enjoyed a national reputation. Prominent Encampment supporters included Eleanor Roosevelt, who served as Chairwoman of the EFC Board of Sponsors from 1946 to 1962, and Martin Luther King, Jr. In the 1950s, the organization was viewed by some with suspicion, including the American Legion, which accused the EFC of being \"un-American\" and \"socialistic.\" Widespread support for the organization continued through the 1970s, but began to wane in the 1980s within the country's conservative political climate. By the early 1990s, the Encampment had lost most of its funding base and programs were suspended in 1997. Efforts by former EFC leaders and alumni to revise the organization led to a summer 2013 pilot program in Richmond, Virginia. Since then, the EFC has offered summer and year-long programs to prepare young people to be \"informed, responsible and effective global citizens working for social justice.\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEncampment for Citizenship Collection, Collection Number M 391, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Encampment for Citizenship Collection, Collection Number M 391, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives began collecting records of the Encampment for Citizenship (EFC) in the spring of 2010, and it is expected that the burgeoning collection will become more comprehensive as the procurement of materials continues. As of December 2010, donations have been made by: Margot Gibney, former EFC National Executive Director; Marion Silverbear [who donated materials that were compiled and collected by Margot Gibney], former EFC Alumni Coordinator and Development Coordinator; Pamela Barefoot, a former EFC staff member; and Nancy Marr, an Encampment alumna. Dr. Edward H. Peeples, Emeritus Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine and Community Health at Virginia Commonwealth University, has been involved in coordinating donation efforts. Dr. Peeples' affiliation with the EFC began when he attended the 1957 Encampment, and he remained actively involved with the organization as a recruiter, site Director, guest speaker, and advisory committee member. There are additional records related to the EFC in the Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers, which are also located in Special Collections and Archives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection include Encampment publications, program and recruitment brochures, student applications, fundraising and sponsorship materials, staff handbooks, student and staff evaluation questionnaires, student and staff workshop materials, photographs and slides. The collection also contains correspondence and memoranda of EFC staff and board members, letters and correspondence of students and alumni, alumni and staff directories, alumni newsletters and reunion materials, yearbooks, and newspaper and magazine articles. The bulk of the materials date primarily from 1946 to 1997, with concentrations in the collection's holdings dating from the late 1970s to the early 1980s, and from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s. Much of the collection's correspondence records are from these periods.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives began collecting records of the Encampment for Citizenship (EFC) in the spring of 2010, and it is expected that the burgeoning collection will become more comprehensive as the procurement of materials continues. As of December 2010, donations have been made by: Margot Gibney, former EFC National Executive Director; Marion Silverbear [who donated materials that were compiled and collected by Margot Gibney], former EFC Alumni Coordinator and Development Coordinator; Pamela Barefoot, a former EFC staff member; and Nancy Marr, an Encampment alumna. Dr. Edward H. Peeples, Emeritus Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine and Community Health at Virginia Commonwealth University, has been involved in coordinating donation efforts. Dr. Peeples' affiliation with the EFC began when he attended the 1957 Encampment, and he remained actively involved with the organization as a recruiter, site Director, guest speaker, and advisory committee member. There are additional records related to the EFC in the Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers, which are also located in Special Collections and Archives.","Materials in the collection include Encampment publications, program and recruitment brochures, student applications, fundraising and sponsorship materials, staff handbooks, student and staff evaluation questionnaires, student and staff workshop materials, photographs and slides. The collection also contains correspondence and memoranda of EFC staff and board members, letters and correspondence of students and alumni, alumni and staff directories, alumni newsletters and reunion materials, yearbooks, and newspaper and magazine articles. The bulk of the materials date primarily from 1946 to 1997, with concentrations in the collection's holdings dating from the late 1970s to the early 1980s, and from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s. Much of the collection's correspondence records are from these periods."],"names_coll_ssim":["Encampment for Citizenship -- Archives","Gibney, Margo M."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Encampment for Citizenship","Encampment for Citizenship -- Archives","Marr, Nancy.","Barefoot, Pamela","Silverbear, Marion.","Gibney, Margo M.","Peeples, Edward H. (Edward Harden)"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Encampment for Citizenship","Encampment for Citizenship -- Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Marr, Nancy.","Barefoot, Pamela","Silverbear, Marion.","Gibney, Margo M.","Peeples, Edward H. (Edward Harden)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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In response to the rise of fascism abroad and to the country's domestic problems of the day, it was their intention to create \"community learning environments for youth which transcended racial, ethnic, class, religious and national boundaries,\" a vision inspired by their belief that \"young people would grow as citizens and leaders if they lived and worked together in self-made democratic communities.\" From this experience, it was hoped that they would \"develop a deeper knowledge of themselves and a vision of a more humane society.\"","The EFC's primary objective became \"the creation of a responsible, informed and effective citizenship among American youth\" capable of helping to solve society's most complex and intractable problems, and the organization aimed to foster youth leadership and civic involvement within a decidedly multicultural framework. 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Prewitt Diaz, Barney Frank, William Haddad, David Harris, Allard Lowenstein, Jean McGuire, Eleanor Holmes Norton, Charles Patterson, David Rothenberg, Hal Sieber, and Floyd \"Red Crow\" Westerman.","For several decades, the EFC enjoyed a national reputation. Prominent Encampment supporters included Eleanor Roosevelt, who served as Chairwoman of the EFC Board of Sponsors from 1946 to 1962, and Martin Luther King, Jr. In the 1950s, the organization was viewed by some with suspicion, including the American Legion, which accused the EFC of being \"un-American\" and \"socialistic.\" Widespread support for the organization continued through the 1970s, but began to wane in the 1980s within the country's conservative political climate. By the early 1990s, the Encampment had lost most of its funding base and programs were suspended in 1997. Efforts by former EFC leaders and alumni to revise the organization led to a summer 2013 pilot program in Richmond, Virginia. Since then, the EFC has offered summer and year-long programs to prepare young people to be \"informed, responsible and effective global citizens working for social justice.\"","Special Collections and Archives began collecting records of the Encampment for Citizenship (EFC) in the spring of 2010, and it is expected that the burgeoning collection will become more comprehensive as the procurement of materials continues. As of December 2010, donations have been made by: Margot Gibney, former EFC National Executive Director; Marion Silverbear [who donated materials that were compiled and collected by Margot Gibney], former EFC Alumni Coordinator and Development Coordinator; Pamela Barefoot, a former EFC staff member; and Nancy Marr, an Encampment alumna. Dr. Edward H. Peeples, Emeritus Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine and Community Health at Virginia Commonwealth University, has been involved in coordinating donation efforts. 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Prewitt Diaz, Barney Frank, William Haddad, David Harris, Allard Lowenstein, Jean McGuire, Eleanor Holmes Norton, Charles Patterson, David Rothenberg, Hal Sieber, and Floyd \"Red Crow\" Westerman.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor several decades, the EFC enjoyed a national reputation. Prominent Encampment supporters included Eleanor Roosevelt, who served as Chairwoman of the EFC Board of Sponsors from 1946 to 1962, and Martin Luther King, Jr. In the 1950s, the organization was viewed by some with suspicion, including the American Legion, which accused the EFC of being \"un-American\" and \"socialistic.\" Widespread support for the organization continued through the 1970s, but began to wane in the 1980s within the country's conservative political climate. By the early 1990s, the Encampment had lost most of its funding base and programs were suspended in 1997. Efforts by former EFC leaders and alumni to revise the organization led to a summer 2013 pilot program in Richmond, Virginia. Since then, the EFC has offered summer and year-long programs to prepare young people to be \"informed, responsible and effective global citizens working for social justice.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Encampment for Citizenship (EFC), a national youth program affiliated with the American Ethical Union, was founded in 1946, by Algernon D. Black, social activist and New York Society for Ethical Culture leader, and Alice K. (Nanny) Pollitzer, prominent civic leader and Ethical Culture Movement member. In response to the rise of fascism abroad and to the country's domestic problems of the day, it was their intention to create \"community learning environments for youth which transcended racial, ethnic, class, religious and national boundaries,\" a vision inspired by their belief that \"young people would grow as citizens and leaders if they lived and worked together in self-made democratic communities.\" From this experience, it was hoped that they would \"develop a deeper knowledge of themselves and a vision of a more humane society.\"","The EFC's primary objective became \"the creation of a responsible, informed and effective citizenship among American youth\" capable of helping to solve society's most complex and intractable problems, and the organization aimed to foster youth leadership and civic involvement within a decidedly multicultural framework. Program participants were encouraged to examine current political, social, and economic issues through a curriculum designed to develop critical thinking and leadership skills. Over the years, the program came to include internship and community service projects, field trips, political activities, and community government participation. In addition, a wide variety of workshops, discussion groups, and lectures were held, in which the following types of subjects would be explored: social and economic justice, health and poverty, criminal justice, international relations, human rights, the environment, labor politics, education reform, racism and sexism, community and economic democracy, and youth empowerment.","Between the Encampment's inception in 1946 and dissolution in 1995, more than 7,000 young people from a diversity of racial, ethnic, religious, economic, and geographic backgrounds participated in EFC annual summer sessions, year-round leadership training programs, and various short-term projects. Some notable EFC alumni include: Gale Brewer, Ada Deer, Joseph O. Prewitt Diaz, Barney Frank, William Haddad, David Harris, Allard Lowenstein, Jean McGuire, Eleanor Holmes Norton, Charles Patterson, David Rothenberg, Hal Sieber, and Floyd \"Red Crow\" Westerman.","For several decades, the EFC enjoyed a national reputation. Prominent Encampment supporters included Eleanor Roosevelt, who served as Chairwoman of the EFC Board of Sponsors from 1946 to 1962, and Martin Luther King, Jr. In the 1950s, the organization was viewed by some with suspicion, including the American Legion, which accused the EFC of being \"un-American\" and \"socialistic.\" Widespread support for the organization continued through the 1970s, but began to wane in the 1980s within the country's conservative political climate. By the early 1990s, the Encampment had lost most of its funding base and programs were suspended in 1997. Efforts by former EFC leaders and alumni to revise the organization led to a summer 2013 pilot program in Richmond, Virginia. Since then, the EFC has offered summer and year-long programs to prepare young people to be \"informed, responsible and effective global citizens working for social justice.\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEncampment for Citizenship Collection, Collection Number M 391, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Encampment for Citizenship Collection, Collection Number M 391, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives began collecting records of the Encampment for Citizenship (EFC) in the spring of 2010, and it is expected that the burgeoning collection will become more comprehensive as the procurement of materials continues. As of December 2010, donations have been made by: Margot Gibney, former EFC National Executive Director; Marion Silverbear [who donated materials that were compiled and collected by Margot Gibney], former EFC Alumni Coordinator and Development Coordinator; Pamela Barefoot, a former EFC staff member; and Nancy Marr, an Encampment alumna. Dr. Edward H. Peeples, Emeritus Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine and Community Health at Virginia Commonwealth University, has been involved in coordinating donation efforts. Dr. Peeples' affiliation with the EFC began when he attended the 1957 Encampment, and he remained actively involved with the organization as a recruiter, site Director, guest speaker, and advisory committee member. There are additional records related to the EFC in the Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers, which are also located in Special Collections and Archives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection include Encampment publications, program and recruitment brochures, student applications, fundraising and sponsorship materials, staff handbooks, student and staff evaluation questionnaires, student and staff workshop materials, photographs and slides. The collection also contains correspondence and memoranda of EFC staff and board members, letters and correspondence of students and alumni, alumni and staff directories, alumni newsletters and reunion materials, yearbooks, and newspaper and magazine articles. The bulk of the materials date primarily from 1946 to 1997, with concentrations in the collection's holdings dating from the late 1970s to the early 1980s, and from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s. Much of the collection's correspondence records are from these periods.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives began collecting records of the Encampment for Citizenship (EFC) in the spring of 2010, and it is expected that the burgeoning collection will become more comprehensive as the procurement of materials continues. As of December 2010, donations have been made by: Margot Gibney, former EFC National Executive Director; Marion Silverbear [who donated materials that were compiled and collected by Margot Gibney], former EFC Alumni Coordinator and Development Coordinator; Pamela Barefoot, a former EFC staff member; and Nancy Marr, an Encampment alumna. Dr. Edward H. Peeples, Emeritus Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine and Community Health at Virginia Commonwealth University, has been involved in coordinating donation efforts. Dr. Peeples' affiliation with the EFC began when he attended the 1957 Encampment, and he remained actively involved with the organization as a recruiter, site Director, guest speaker, and advisory committee member. There are additional records related to the EFC in the Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers, which are also located in Special Collections and Archives.","Materials in the collection include Encampment publications, program and recruitment brochures, student applications, fundraising and sponsorship materials, staff handbooks, student and staff evaluation questionnaires, student and staff workshop materials, photographs and slides. The collection also contains correspondence and memoranda of EFC staff and board members, letters and correspondence of students and alumni, alumni and staff directories, alumni newsletters and reunion materials, yearbooks, and newspaper and magazine articles. The bulk of the materials date primarily from 1946 to 1997, with concentrations in the collection's holdings dating from the late 1970s to the early 1980s, and from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s. Much of the collection's correspondence records are from these periods."],"names_coll_ssim":["Encampment for Citizenship -- Archives","Gibney, Margo M."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Encampment for Citizenship","Encampment for Citizenship -- Archives","Marr, Nancy.","Barefoot, Pamela","Silverbear, Marion.","Gibney, Margo M.","Peeples, Edward H. (Edward Harden)"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Encampment for Citizenship","Encampment for Citizenship -- Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Marr, Nancy.","Barefoot, Pamela","Silverbear, Marion.","Gibney, Margo M.","Peeples, Edward H. (Edward Harden)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":175,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:18:11.313Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_201_c03_c10"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127_c422","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Ambulances and Rescue Squad","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_127_c422#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127_c422","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_127_c422"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127_c422","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_127"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_127"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Virginia Municipal League records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Virginia Municipal League records"],"text":["Virginia Municipal League records","Ambulances and Rescue Squad","box 51"],"title_filing_ssi":"Ambulances and Rescue Squad","title_ssm":["Ambulances and Rescue Squad"],"title_tesim":["Ambulances and Rescue Squad"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970-1983"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ambulances and Rescue Squad"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Municipal League records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":422,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Any financial or personnel materials still in the collection are not available for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Restricted"],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"containers_ssim":["box 51"],"_nest_path_":"/components#421","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:57.245Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_127.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00095.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Municipal League records","title_ssm":["Virginia Municipal League records"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Municipal League records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1925-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1925-1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 276"],"text":["M 276","Virginia Municipal League records","Cities and towns -- History -- 20th century. -- Virginia","Municipal government -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia","Any financial or personnel materials still in the collection are not available for research.","Collection is arranged by subject and chronological therein.","Was League of Virginia Municipalities.","This collection contains papers held by the VML. These papers deal with the issues that are of concern to any municipality. A few examples are public safety, waste water regulations, annexation issues, drug dependency and programs, etc. The main bulk seems to be information dealing with Virginia municipalities complying to federal and state regulations. The collection includes reports, bulletins, publications and legal documents. In addition, the library also receives the VML publication, Town and County; for more up-to-date information.","Restricted","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Municipal League","League of Virginia Municipalities","Virginia Municipal League -- Archives","League of Virginia Municipalities -- Archives","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 276"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Municipal League records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Municipal League records"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Municipal League records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia Municipal League","Virginia Municipal League","League of Virginia Municipalities"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia Municipal League","Virginia Municipal League","League of Virginia Municipalities"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Municipal League","Virginia Municipal League","League of Virginia Municipalities"],"creators_ssim":["Virginia Municipal League","Virginia Municipal League","League of Virginia Municipalities"],"access_terms_ssm":["Restricted"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cities and towns -- History -- 20th century. -- Virginia","Municipal government -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cities and towns -- History -- 20th century. -- Virginia","Municipal government -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["92.3 Linear Feet 20 Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["92.3 Linear Feet 20 Boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAny financial or personnel materials still in the collection are not available for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Restrictions on Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Any financial or personnel materials still in the collection are not available for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged by subject and chronological therein.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged by subject and chronological therein."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWas League of Virginia Municipalities.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Was League of Virginia Municipalities."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Municipal League records, Collection # M 276, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Virginia Municipal League records, Collection # M 276, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains papers held by the VML. These papers deal with the issues that are of concern to any municipality. A few examples are public safety, waste water regulations, annexation issues, drug dependency and programs, etc. The main bulk seems to be information dealing with Virginia municipalities complying to federal and state regulations. The collection includes reports, bulletins, publications and legal documents. In addition, the library also receives the VML publication, Town and County; for more up-to-date information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains papers held by the VML. These papers deal with the issues that are of concern to any municipality. A few examples are public safety, waste water regulations, annexation issues, drug dependency and programs, etc. The main bulk seems to be information dealing with Virginia municipalities complying to federal and state regulations. The collection includes reports, bulletins, publications and legal documents. In addition, the library also receives the VML publication, Town and County; for more up-to-date information."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRestricted\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Terms Governing Use and Reproduction"],"userestrict_tesim":["Restricted"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Municipal League","Virginia Municipal League -- Archives","League of Virginia Municipalities -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Municipal League","League of Virginia Municipalities","Virginia Municipal League -- Archives","League of Virginia Municipalities -- Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Municipal League","League of Virginia Municipalities","Virginia Municipal League -- Archives","League of Virginia Municipalities -- Archives"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":747,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:57.245Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_127_c422"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9_c01_c99","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"American Association for Thoracic Surgery,","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_9_c01_c99#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9_c01_c99","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_9_c01_c99"],"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9_c01_c99","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9_c01","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","vircu_repositories_3_resources_9_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","vircu_repositories_3_resources_9_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers","Series 1: Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers","Series 1: Correspondence"],"text":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers","Series 1: Correspondence","American Association for Thoracic Surgery,","box 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"American Association for Thoracic Surgery,","title_ssm":["American Association for Thoracic Surgery,"],"title_tesim":["American Association for Thoracic Surgery,"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952-1973"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952/1973"],"normalized_title_ssm":["American Association for Thoracic Surgery,"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":100,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#98","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:59.403Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_9","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_9.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.library.vcu.edu/repositories/3/resources/9","title_filing_ssi":"Bosher, Lewis Hinton, Jr., papers","title_ssm":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1891-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1891-1994"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1997.Jul.8","/repositories/3/resources/9"],"text":["1997.Jul.8","/repositories/3/resources/9","Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers","Surgeons -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","General Surgery -- Virginia.","Collection is open to research.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994 -- Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979 -- Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979 -- Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979 -- Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987 -- Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986 -- Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials, circa 1913. Efforts have been made to maintain the original file organization. Numerous files labeled \"miscellaneous\" were merged with the existing files and some similar files, such as those on thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, were merged together. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.","Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. (b. 1914)","Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. was born in Richmond, Virginia on January 19, 1914 to Lewis Hinton Bosher (1884-1980) and Roberta Ashby Smith Bosher (1886-1973). He attended St. Christopher's School in Richmond and then the University of Virginia (UVA) where he received a B.S. degree in 1936. At UVA he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society and The Raven Society. Bosher pursued his medical education at Harvard Medical School and was awarded his M.D. in 1940.","The U.S. entered World War II while Bosher was serving as an assistant resident in surgery at Bellevue Hospital. He joined the Army Medical Corps in 1942, and was assigned to several stateside station hospitals from 1942-1943. In 1944, he was sent to Europe where he served in the First General Hospital until 1944, and then the Fourth Auxiliary Surgical Group. His final transfer was in 1945 to McGuire General Hospital in Virginia. The Army discharged Bosher in 1946 with the rank of Major.","After Bosher was discharged from the Army he served a surgical residency at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) from 1946 to 1947. He then pursued additional postdoctoral training in general surgery at the Lahey Clinic in Massachusetts and thoracic surgery at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri. Bosher returned to MCV in 1950 as an assistant professor in the Department of Surgery. He was promoted to associate professor in 1954 and to full professor in 1974. Bosher retired from academic medicine in 1979 and began a private practice. Bosher partnered with Dr. Harold Jay Levinson to establish cardiac surgery programs at Chippenham and Henrico Doctors' Hospitals. Bosher Auditorium in Chippenham Hospital is named in his honor.","Bosher spent the majority of his career at MCV and received high praise from numerous colleagues for his solid teaching abilities, commitment to the profession, and care and compassion for his patients. However, his tenure at MCV was not without some controversy. Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, head of the Department of Surgery, established a division of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery and made Bosher chief of the division. Bigger died in 1955 and was replaced by Dr. David Hume. Bosher did not always agree with Hume's administrative decisions and they became embroiled in a protracted conflict when Hume abolished Bosher's division in 1958. The Board of Visitors had never formalized Bigger's creation of the division, so Hume interpreted this to mean it never officially existed. The conflict appeared to be resolved in 1962 when the Board admonished Bosher for his defiance of Hume's authority, but they recognized Bosher's authority in the area of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Bosher was made chair of the section of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery in 1962. However in 1964 Hume decided to replace the section with a division of thoracic and cardiac surgery and appointed Dr. Richard Lower chair rather than Bosher.","Bosher maintained membership in numerous honorary, professional, and scientific societies including American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Surgeons, American Heart Associations, American Medical Association, American Society for Artificial internal Organs, International Cardiovascular Society, Medical Society of Virginia, New York Academy of Science, Richmond Academy of Medicine, Richmond Area Heart Association (board of directors, president, 1961-1962), Society for Vascular Surgeons, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Southern Surgical Association, Southern Thoracic Surgical Association (president, 1963-1964), Virginia Academy of Science, Virginia Heart Association (board of directors), Virginia Surgical Society, and Virginia Thoracic Society. Bosher also served as associate editor (1952-1953) and editor (1954-1955) of Virginia Medical Monthly.","Bosher married Blanche Kenny Smith of Bourbon County, Kentucky in 1947. They had four children.","Dr. Lewis C. Bosher (1860-1920)","Lewis Crenshaw Bosher, a physician and medical professor, was born on February 17, 1860 in Richmond, Virginia to Robert H. Bosher and Elizabeth Eubank Bosher. Bosher earned his medical degree from the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1883 and received postgraduate training in surgery at Mount Sinai and Bellevue Hospitals in New York. Bosher returned to MCV in 1884 serving as demonstrator of anatomy. He was promoted to professor of anatomy and clinical lecturer on genito-urinary surgery in 1888, professor of the practice of surgery and clinical surgery in 1896, and professor of surgery in 1897. In 1910 Bosher chaired a joint committee whose purpose was to negotiate the merger of the University College of Medicine with MCV, which occurred in 1913. After the merger Bosher accepted the newly created position of professor of genito-urinary surgery.","Bosher was very active in the Richmond medical community. He maintained a private practice while on the faculty at MCV. In 1893 he served as deputy coroner of Richmond. He also chaired the hospital committee for Old Dominion Hospital in the late 1890s, assisted in the planning of Memorial Hospital which opened in 1903, and was a cofounder of Stuart Circle Hospital in 1913. Bosher was also engaged in several professional societies. He served as president of the Richmond Academy of Medicine and Surgery, 1901-1902, first vice president of the Medical Society of Virginia, 1904-1905, and president of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association in 1905.","Health problems led Bosher to resign from his faculty position at MCV in March of 1916. He passed away in his Richmond, Virginia home on September 12, 1920 and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery. Bosher never married. He was the great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher (b. 1914), also a physician and faculty member at MCV.","Dr. Isaac A. Bigger (1893-1955)","Isaac Alexander Bigger was born in Bethel, South Carolina on June 25, 1893. He was one of five children born to Isaac A. and Mary Neel Johnston Bigger. He attended Erskine College for one year and then transferred to Davidson College. He entered the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1914 for medical school. Bigger suffered from bronchial asthma and this ailment combined with injuries sustained during a sleepwalking incident slowed his medical education. He eventually graduated from UVA in 1919.","Bigger was on the surgical staff of both UVA and Vanderbilt University before he came to the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1930. He was appointed the first full time professor of surgery at MCV. Bigger was a noted surgeon who developed many surgical innovations while working tirelessly with students, residents, and patients. He contributed over fifty articles to medical literature and coauthored Operative Surgery with J. Shelton Horsley in 1937.","Bigger's health began to deteriorate in 1953. He was hospitalized several times and eventually died of complications resulting from his asthma in 1955. The Isaac A. Bigger Medal, presented to a surgical resident for integrity, leadership, teaching, and clinical ability is awarded annually in memory of Dr. Bigger at the VCU Medical Center.","The papers of Dr. Lewis H. Bosher are primarily items relating to his professional work as a surgeon and a member of the faculty at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV).The majority of his papers are made up of correspondence and also includes some journal articles, newspaper clippings, and photographs. Bosher's papers also contains materials he collected to write a biographical sketch of fellow surgeon Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, and items from his great uncle, Dr. Lewis C. Bosher, including his lecture notes from 1905.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994. This series is comprised of correspondence that Bosher exchanged with numerous colleagues regarding the practice of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Often they are trading information on techniques and problems as well as discussing various types of equipment used in surgery such as oxygenators and coronary perfusion pumps. Also there is correspondence with medical supply companies, other hospitals, and various medical organizations with whom Bosher was involved.","Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979. This series is composed of materials such as Bosher's curriculum vitae, employment information from MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital, journal articles, lectures, presentations, reports, and unpublished works.","Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979. This series is composed primarily of correspondence and related materials pertaining to Bosher's tenure at MCV. Of particular interest are the three folders of correspondence labeled \"Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1949-1979.\" It spans Bosher's entire career at MCV and provides insight into the evolution of that service.","Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979. These files contain correspondence, data, and notes maintained by Bosher on subjects that related to his work in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.","Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery asked Bosher to write a biographical sketch of Dr. Isaac A. Bigger. This series contains the research conducted by Bosher to complete the sketch. Items include correspondence with family, friends, and colleagues of Bigger, copies of his medical articles, and information gleaned from other sources such as newspapers and organizations to which Bigger belonged. Two copies of the completed sketch and the accompanying appendix are also included in the series.","Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986. Items in this series belonged to Lewis C. Bosher, great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher. He was a Richmond physician and on the faculty of MCV. This series includes Bosher's lecture notes on genito-urinary surgery, venereal disease, and special fractures, journal articles, and miscellaneous items relating to MCV.","Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials. This series contains an unpublished manuscript on the subject of angiorraphy. Based on the citations it appears to have been written circa 1913. The title page is missing and there is no indication of who is the author.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1997.Jul.8","/repositories/3/resources/9"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-"],"creator_ssim":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-"],"creators_ssim":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Surgeons -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","General Surgery -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Surgeons -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","General Surgery -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994 -- Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979 -- Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979 -- Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979 -- Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987 -- Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986 -- Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials, circa 1913. Efforts have been made to maintain the original file organization. Numerous files labeled \"miscellaneous\" were merged with the existing files and some similar files, such as those on thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, were merged together. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994 -- Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979 -- Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979 -- Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979 -- Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987 -- Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986 -- Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials, circa 1913. Efforts have been made to maintain the original file organization. Numerous files labeled \"miscellaneous\" were merged with the existing files and some similar files, such as those on thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, were merged together. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. (b. 1914)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. was born in Richmond, Virginia on January 19, 1914 to Lewis Hinton Bosher (1884-1980) and Roberta Ashby Smith Bosher (1886-1973). He attended St. Christopher's School in Richmond and then the University of Virginia (UVA) where he received a B.S. degree in 1936. At UVA he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society and The Raven Society. Bosher pursued his medical education at Harvard Medical School and was awarded his M.D. in 1940.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. entered World War II while Bosher was serving as an assistant resident in surgery at Bellevue Hospital. He joined the Army Medical Corps in 1942, and was assigned to several stateside station hospitals from 1942-1943. In 1944, he was sent to Europe where he served in the First General Hospital until 1944, and then the Fourth Auxiliary Surgical Group. His final transfer was in 1945 to McGuire General Hospital in Virginia. The Army discharged Bosher in 1946 with the rank of Major.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter Bosher was discharged from the Army he served a surgical residency at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) from 1946 to 1947. He then pursued additional postdoctoral training in general surgery at the Lahey Clinic in Massachusetts and thoracic surgery at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri. Bosher returned to MCV in 1950 as an assistant professor in the Department of Surgery. He was promoted to associate professor in 1954 and to full professor in 1974. Bosher retired from academic medicine in 1979 and began a private practice. Bosher partnered with Dr. Harold Jay Levinson to establish cardiac surgery programs at Chippenham and Henrico Doctors' Hospitals. Bosher Auditorium in Chippenham Hospital is named in his honor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBosher spent the majority of his career at MCV and received high praise from numerous colleagues for his solid teaching abilities, commitment to the profession, and care and compassion for his patients. However, his tenure at MCV was not without some controversy. Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, head of the Department of Surgery, established a division of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery and made Bosher chief of the division. Bigger died in 1955 and was replaced by Dr. David Hume. Bosher did not always agree with Hume's administrative decisions and they became embroiled in a protracted conflict when Hume abolished Bosher's division in 1958. The Board of Visitors had never formalized Bigger's creation of the division, so Hume interpreted this to mean it never officially existed. The conflict appeared to be resolved in 1962 when the Board admonished Bosher for his defiance of Hume's authority, but they recognized Bosher's authority in the area of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Bosher was made chair of the section of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery in 1962. However in 1964 Hume decided to replace the section with a division of thoracic and cardiac surgery and appointed Dr. Richard Lower chair rather than Bosher.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBosher maintained membership in numerous honorary, professional, and scientific societies including American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Surgeons, American Heart Associations, American Medical Association, American Society for Artificial internal Organs, International Cardiovascular Society, Medical Society of Virginia, New York Academy of Science, Richmond Academy of Medicine, Richmond Area Heart Association (board of directors, president, 1961-1962), Society for Vascular Surgeons, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Southern Surgical Association, Southern Thoracic Surgical Association (president, 1963-1964), Virginia Academy of Science, Virginia Heart Association (board of directors), Virginia Surgical Society, and Virginia Thoracic Society. Bosher also served as associate editor (1952-1953) and editor (1954-1955) of Virginia Medical Monthly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBosher married Blanche Kenny Smith of Bourbon County, Kentucky in 1947. They had four children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDr. Lewis C. Bosher (1860-1920)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLewis Crenshaw Bosher, a physician and medical professor, was born on February 17, 1860 in Richmond, Virginia to Robert H. Bosher and Elizabeth Eubank Bosher. Bosher earned his medical degree from the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1883 and received postgraduate training in surgery at Mount Sinai and Bellevue Hospitals in New York. Bosher returned to MCV in 1884 serving as demonstrator of anatomy. He was promoted to professor of anatomy and clinical lecturer on genito-urinary surgery in 1888, professor of the practice of surgery and clinical surgery in 1896, and professor of surgery in 1897. In 1910 Bosher chaired a joint committee whose purpose was to negotiate the merger of the University College of Medicine with MCV, which occurred in 1913. After the merger Bosher accepted the newly created position of professor of genito-urinary surgery.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBosher was very active in the Richmond medical community. He maintained a private practice while on the faculty at MCV. In 1893 he served as deputy coroner of Richmond. He also chaired the hospital committee for Old Dominion Hospital in the late 1890s, assisted in the planning of Memorial Hospital which opened in 1903, and was a cofounder of Stuart Circle Hospital in 1913. Bosher was also engaged in several professional societies. He served as president of the Richmond Academy of Medicine and Surgery, 1901-1902, first vice president of the Medical Society of Virginia, 1904-1905, and president of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association in 1905.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHealth problems led Bosher to resign from his faculty position at MCV in March of 1916. He passed away in his Richmond, Virginia home on September 12, 1920 and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery. Bosher never married. He was the great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher (b. 1914), also a physician and faculty member at MCV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDr. Isaac A. Bigger (1893-1955)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIsaac Alexander Bigger was born in Bethel, South Carolina on June 25, 1893. He was one of five children born to Isaac A. and Mary Neel Johnston Bigger. He attended Erskine College for one year and then transferred to Davidson College. He entered the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1914 for medical school. Bigger suffered from bronchial asthma and this ailment combined with injuries sustained during a sleepwalking incident slowed his medical education. He eventually graduated from UVA in 1919.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBigger was on the surgical staff of both UVA and Vanderbilt University before he came to the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1930. He was appointed the first full time professor of surgery at MCV. Bigger was a noted surgeon who developed many surgical innovations while working tirelessly with students, residents, and patients. He contributed over fifty articles to medical literature and coauthored Operative Surgery with J. Shelton Horsley in 1937.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBigger's health began to deteriorate in 1953. He was hospitalized several times and eventually died of complications resulting from his asthma in 1955. The Isaac A. Bigger Medal, presented to a surgical resident for integrity, leadership, teaching, and clinical ability is awarded annually in memory of Dr. Bigger at the VCU Medical Center.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. (b. 1914)","Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. was born in Richmond, Virginia on January 19, 1914 to Lewis Hinton Bosher (1884-1980) and Roberta Ashby Smith Bosher (1886-1973). He attended St. Christopher's School in Richmond and then the University of Virginia (UVA) where he received a B.S. degree in 1936. At UVA he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society and The Raven Society. Bosher pursued his medical education at Harvard Medical School and was awarded his M.D. in 1940.","The U.S. entered World War II while Bosher was serving as an assistant resident in surgery at Bellevue Hospital. He joined the Army Medical Corps in 1942, and was assigned to several stateside station hospitals from 1942-1943. In 1944, he was sent to Europe where he served in the First General Hospital until 1944, and then the Fourth Auxiliary Surgical Group. His final transfer was in 1945 to McGuire General Hospital in Virginia. The Army discharged Bosher in 1946 with the rank of Major.","After Bosher was discharged from the Army he served a surgical residency at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) from 1946 to 1947. He then pursued additional postdoctoral training in general surgery at the Lahey Clinic in Massachusetts and thoracic surgery at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri. Bosher returned to MCV in 1950 as an assistant professor in the Department of Surgery. He was promoted to associate professor in 1954 and to full professor in 1974. Bosher retired from academic medicine in 1979 and began a private practice. Bosher partnered with Dr. Harold Jay Levinson to establish cardiac surgery programs at Chippenham and Henrico Doctors' Hospitals. Bosher Auditorium in Chippenham Hospital is named in his honor.","Bosher spent the majority of his career at MCV and received high praise from numerous colleagues for his solid teaching abilities, commitment to the profession, and care and compassion for his patients. However, his tenure at MCV was not without some controversy. Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, head of the Department of Surgery, established a division of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery and made Bosher chief of the division. Bigger died in 1955 and was replaced by Dr. David Hume. Bosher did not always agree with Hume's administrative decisions and they became embroiled in a protracted conflict when Hume abolished Bosher's division in 1958. The Board of Visitors had never formalized Bigger's creation of the division, so Hume interpreted this to mean it never officially existed. The conflict appeared to be resolved in 1962 when the Board admonished Bosher for his defiance of Hume's authority, but they recognized Bosher's authority in the area of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Bosher was made chair of the section of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery in 1962. However in 1964 Hume decided to replace the section with a division of thoracic and cardiac surgery and appointed Dr. Richard Lower chair rather than Bosher.","Bosher maintained membership in numerous honorary, professional, and scientific societies including American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Surgeons, American Heart Associations, American Medical Association, American Society for Artificial internal Organs, International Cardiovascular Society, Medical Society of Virginia, New York Academy of Science, Richmond Academy of Medicine, Richmond Area Heart Association (board of directors, president, 1961-1962), Society for Vascular Surgeons, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Southern Surgical Association, Southern Thoracic Surgical Association (president, 1963-1964), Virginia Academy of Science, Virginia Heart Association (board of directors), Virginia Surgical Society, and Virginia Thoracic Society. Bosher also served as associate editor (1952-1953) and editor (1954-1955) of Virginia Medical Monthly.","Bosher married Blanche Kenny Smith of Bourbon County, Kentucky in 1947. They had four children.","Dr. Lewis C. Bosher (1860-1920)","Lewis Crenshaw Bosher, a physician and medical professor, was born on February 17, 1860 in Richmond, Virginia to Robert H. Bosher and Elizabeth Eubank Bosher. Bosher earned his medical degree from the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1883 and received postgraduate training in surgery at Mount Sinai and Bellevue Hospitals in New York. Bosher returned to MCV in 1884 serving as demonstrator of anatomy. He was promoted to professor of anatomy and clinical lecturer on genito-urinary surgery in 1888, professor of the practice of surgery and clinical surgery in 1896, and professor of surgery in 1897. In 1910 Bosher chaired a joint committee whose purpose was to negotiate the merger of the University College of Medicine with MCV, which occurred in 1913. After the merger Bosher accepted the newly created position of professor of genito-urinary surgery.","Bosher was very active in the Richmond medical community. He maintained a private practice while on the faculty at MCV. In 1893 he served as deputy coroner of Richmond. He also chaired the hospital committee for Old Dominion Hospital in the late 1890s, assisted in the planning of Memorial Hospital which opened in 1903, and was a cofounder of Stuart Circle Hospital in 1913. Bosher was also engaged in several professional societies. He served as president of the Richmond Academy of Medicine and Surgery, 1901-1902, first vice president of the Medical Society of Virginia, 1904-1905, and president of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association in 1905.","Health problems led Bosher to resign from his faculty position at MCV in March of 1916. He passed away in his Richmond, Virginia home on September 12, 1920 and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery. Bosher never married. He was the great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher (b. 1914), also a physician and faculty member at MCV.","Dr. Isaac A. Bigger (1893-1955)","Isaac Alexander Bigger was born in Bethel, South Carolina on June 25, 1893. He was one of five children born to Isaac A. and Mary Neel Johnston Bigger. He attended Erskine College for one year and then transferred to Davidson College. He entered the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1914 for medical school. Bigger suffered from bronchial asthma and this ailment combined with injuries sustained during a sleepwalking incident slowed his medical education. He eventually graduated from UVA in 1919.","Bigger was on the surgical staff of both UVA and Vanderbilt University before he came to the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1930. He was appointed the first full time professor of surgery at MCV. Bigger was a noted surgeon who developed many surgical innovations while working tirelessly with students, residents, and patients. He contributed over fifty articles to medical literature and coauthored Operative Surgery with J. Shelton Horsley in 1937.","Bigger's health began to deteriorate in 1953. He was hospitalized several times and eventually died of complications resulting from his asthma in 1955. The Isaac A. Bigger Medal, presented to a surgical resident for integrity, leadership, teaching, and clinical ability is awarded annually in memory of Dr. Bigger at the VCU Medical Center."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr., Accession # 1997/Jul/8, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr., Accession # 1997/Jul/8, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Dr. Lewis H. Bosher are primarily items relating to his professional work as a surgeon and a member of the faculty at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV).The majority of his papers are made up of correspondence and also includes some journal articles, newspaper clippings, and photographs. Bosher's papers also contains materials he collected to write a biographical sketch of fellow surgeon Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, and items from his great uncle, Dr. Lewis C. Bosher, including his lecture notes from 1905.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994. This series is comprised of correspondence that Bosher exchanged with numerous colleagues regarding the practice of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Often they are trading information on techniques and problems as well as discussing various types of equipment used in surgery such as oxygenators and coronary perfusion pumps. Also there is correspondence with medical supply companies, other hospitals, and various medical organizations with whom Bosher was involved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979. This series is composed of materials such as Bosher's curriculum vitae, employment information from MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital, journal articles, lectures, presentations, reports, and unpublished works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979. This series is composed primarily of correspondence and related materials pertaining to Bosher's tenure at MCV. Of particular interest are the three folders of correspondence labeled \"Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1949-1979.\" It spans Bosher's entire career at MCV and provides insight into the evolution of that service.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979. These files contain correspondence, data, and notes maintained by Bosher on subjects that related to his work in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery asked Bosher to write a biographical sketch of Dr. Isaac A. Bigger. This series contains the research conducted by Bosher to complete the sketch. Items include correspondence with family, friends, and colleagues of Bigger, copies of his medical articles, and information gleaned from other sources such as newspapers and organizations to which Bigger belonged. Two copies of the completed sketch and the accompanying appendix are also included in the series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986. Items in this series belonged to Lewis C. Bosher, great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher. He was a Richmond physician and on the faculty of MCV. This series includes Bosher's lecture notes on genito-urinary surgery, venereal disease, and special fractures, journal articles, and miscellaneous items relating to MCV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Miscellaneous Materials. This series contains an unpublished manuscript on the subject of angiorraphy. Based on the citations it appears to have been written circa 1913. The title page is missing and there is no indication of who is the author.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Dr. Lewis H. Bosher are primarily items relating to his professional work as a surgeon and a member of the faculty at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV).The majority of his papers are made up of correspondence and also includes some journal articles, newspaper clippings, and photographs. Bosher's papers also contains materials he collected to write a biographical sketch of fellow surgeon Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, and items from his great uncle, Dr. Lewis C. Bosher, including his lecture notes from 1905.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994. This series is comprised of correspondence that Bosher exchanged with numerous colleagues regarding the practice of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Often they are trading information on techniques and problems as well as discussing various types of equipment used in surgery such as oxygenators and coronary perfusion pumps. Also there is correspondence with medical supply companies, other hospitals, and various medical organizations with whom Bosher was involved.","Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979. This series is composed of materials such as Bosher's curriculum vitae, employment information from MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital, journal articles, lectures, presentations, reports, and unpublished works.","Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979. This series is composed primarily of correspondence and related materials pertaining to Bosher's tenure at MCV. Of particular interest are the three folders of correspondence labeled \"Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1949-1979.\" It spans Bosher's entire career at MCV and provides insight into the evolution of that service.","Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979. These files contain correspondence, data, and notes maintained by Bosher on subjects that related to his work in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.","Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery asked Bosher to write a biographical sketch of Dr. Isaac A. Bigger. This series contains the research conducted by Bosher to complete the sketch. Items include correspondence with family, friends, and colleagues of Bigger, copies of his medical articles, and information gleaned from other sources such as newspapers and organizations to which Bigger belonged. Two copies of the completed sketch and the accompanying appendix are also included in the series.","Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986. Items in this series belonged to Lewis C. Bosher, great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher. He was a Richmond physician and on the faculty of MCV. This series includes Bosher's lecture notes on genito-urinary surgery, venereal disease, and special fractures, journal articles, and miscellaneous items relating to MCV.","Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials. This series contains an unpublished manuscript on the subject of angiorraphy. Based on the citations it appears to have been written circa 1913. The title page is missing and there is no indication of who is the author."],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"names_coll_ssim":["Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae"],"persname_ssim":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":225,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:59.403Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_9_c01_c99"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c05_c05","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"American Association of Neuropathologists","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c05_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c05_c05","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c05_c05"],"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c05_c05","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c05","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c05","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_585","vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c05"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_585","vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c05"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers","Series 5: Subject Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers","Series 5: Subject Files"],"text":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers","Series 5: Subject Files","American Association of Neuropathologists","box 30","folder 1--4"],"title_filing_ssi":"American Association of Neuropathologists","title_ssm":["American Association of Neuropathologists"],"title_tesim":["American Association of Neuropathologists"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-1974"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960/1974"],"normalized_title_ssm":["American Association of Neuropathologists"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":236,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research, except for series 3, the majority of which is restricted under HIPAA. Please consult Special Collections and Archives staff for details."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974],"containers_ssim":["box 30","folder 1--4"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#4","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:03.818Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_585.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Riese, Walther and Hertha, papers","title_ssm":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers"],"title_tesim":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1898-1975"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1898-1975"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1982.03.25","/repositories/3/resources/585"],"text":["1982.03.25","/repositories/3/resources/585","Walther and Hertha Riese papers","Neuropathology","Neurology","The collection is open for research, except for series 3, the majority of which is restricted under HIPAA. Please consult Special Collections and Archives staff for details.","Materials are generally arranged alphabetically and then chronologically within. Exceptions are: Series 2, Correspondence, is arranged primarily chronologically, with some correspondence arranged in separate folders by subject. Series 3, Eastern State Hospital Files, are arranged with case studies arranged alphabetically first, followed by other subjects alphabetically. Series 6,Research Grants, are arranged chronologically. Series 7, Publications, are catalogued in the VCU Libraries online catalog. Please see the Separated Materials note for more information on Series 7 materials.","Walther Riese was born June 30, 1890 in Berlin, Germany to an affluent Jewish family. He studied medicine in Berlin, Strasbourg, and received his degree in 1915 from the University of Koenigsberg as part of an expedited program during World War I. After the war, he served as head of the Neuroanatomical Institute at the Frankfurt Clinic, where he shaped his ideas on holistic neurological function and treatment. During his tenure at the Frankfurt Clinic, he began a lifelong collaboration with neurologist and psychiatrist Kurt Goldstein.  After the end of the first World War, soldiers often returned home with illnesses caused by the war. Many German psychiatrists diagnosed these veterans with conditions that could be noted as unrelated to the traumas of war, thus relieving the German National Insurance system of fiscal responsibility for their care. Riese, however, continued to work in his patients' best interests, diagnosing them with war-related ailments and recommending treatments that treated their needs comprehensively.","Walther Riese married fellow physician Hertha Pataky in 1915. Hertha Pataky Riese was born in 1892 to a Jewish-Hungarian family. She studied in Frankfurt am Main and Berlin, obtaining her degree in 1916. After the war, she was Director of the Frankfurt Social and Sexual Counseling Center of the Federal Government for Maternal Protection, advocating for birth control and providing abortion services. Like many who were sexual health proponents in the 1920s, she promoted sterilization as a form of birth control, a view which she later abandoned. The Center provided services to both married and unwed mothers, which was unusual during this time period as most sexual health centers catered only to married women.","In January 1933, with the rise to power of the National Socialist (Nazi) Party, the Rieses found themselves imprisoned for their religious, political, and medical beliefs. Upon their release, the Rieses and their two daughters fled to Switzerland, only a few days before the German government instituted their Jewish passport system. The family then moved to France with the help of a Rockefeller Foundation research scholarship, where Walther reestablished a research program on comparative neuroanatomy at the University of Lyon. When Nazis invaded France, the family fled to Canada via Morocco, before eventually entering the United States. With a letter of reference from Goldstein and a signed affidavit from birth control advocate Margaret Sanger, Walther, who had obtained another Rockefeller Foundation scholarship, and his family secured residency status in the United States. ","Once in the United States, Walther obtained a position at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV), where he built a neuropathology lab and served as a professor of neurology and the history of medicine. Much of his research focused on the history of disease and neurology. He became a pioneer in the field of neuroethics, neurohistory, and traumatology. During his tenure at MCV, he published  The Conception of Disease  and  A History of Neurology  in the 1950s, where he described \"neuroethics,\" a new concept in medicine. In 1969, in recognition of his life's work, Riese received the honorary title of professor emeritus at Frankfurt University where he had done much of his work between the world wars. Walther Riese died in 1976 in Richmond, Virginia.","Walther's widow Hertha lived until 1981. Her career in the United States took a different path. Despite her medical qualifications, she was unable to find a suitable professional position as a physician. In 1943 she co-founded the Educational Therapy and Day Care Center in a back room of the \"colored library\" in Richmond. The center focused on \"extremely deprived\" and neglected youth, particularly African American children. The center later changed it's name to the Educational Therapy Center and, in 1948, officially became affiliated with the State Department of Mental Hygiene. Her work as director of the center culminated in the book  Heal the Hurt Child published  in 1962. She retired a year later. ","The papers were originally processed in 1989. In 2019, the collection was rehoused into new acid-free boxes and a some reprocessing occured. A DACS-compliant finding aid was written as well.","The materials mostly focus on Walther Riese's professional work and life after imigrating to the United States. There are also materials related to his personal life, predominantly in Series 2 and 5. Some materials of and by Hertha Pataky Riese are included, primarily in Series 4.\nThe majority of the collection materials are in English, with some in German and French. The papers are arranged into seven series. ","Series 1: Research and Writings (1939-1978, undated). Series 1 contains of the writings of Walther Riese related to his many research interests. Of particular note are his writings and research files on aphasia and neurological disorders, as well as histories of numerous medical procedures and conditions. Researchers should also consult Series 5 for more information on his research interests.","Series 2: Correspondence (1915-1975, undated. Bulk 1940-1975). Series 2 contains the correspondence of Water Riese. It covers the majority of his adult life, and includes both professional and personal correspondence. While there is some early correspondence, the majority is related to his life after moving to the United States.","Series 3: Eastern State Hospital Files (1940-1960, undated). Series 3 is comprised of case studies from Eastern State Hospital case study files. It also contains correspondence, lecture and research notes, as well as an annual report.","Series 4: Educational Therapy Center Files (1949-1968). Series 4 contains case studies from the Educational Therapy Center while it was part of the Department of Mental Hygiene, and is the bulk of the materials from Hertha Pataky Riese.","Series 5: Subject files (1912-1975). Series 5 is comprised of both research and personal files. Many of the materials relating to Walther Riese's work as a professor at MCV, historian of medicine, and with professional organizations are located in this series. Similar materials may also be found in Series 1.","Series 6: Research Grants (1954-1967). Series 6 contains grant applications and other documents related to grants received by Riese.information on grants received and applied for.","Series 7: Publications. Series 7 is comprised of materials published by the Rieses. ","Materials under Series 7 has been added to the General Collection, and can be searched using the library catalog.","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Virginia. Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals","Riese, Walther, 1890-1976","Riese, Hertha Pataky, 1892-1981","English German French"],"unitid_tesim":["1982.03.25","/repositories/3/resources/585"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers"],"collection_ssim":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Roland Villars in 1982."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Neuropathology","Neurology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Neuropathology","Neurology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.29 Linear Feet 39 5\" document cases, 1 is legal sized\n1 records storage box"],"extent_tesim":["15.29 Linear Feet 39 5\" document cases, 1 is legal sized\n1 records storage box"],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research, except for series 3, the majority of which is restricted under HIPAA. Please consult Special Collections and Archives staff for details.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research, except for series 3, the majority of which is restricted under HIPAA. Please consult Special Collections and Archives staff for details."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are generally arranged alphabetically and then chronologically within. Exceptions are: Series 2, Correspondence, is arranged primarily chronologically, with some correspondence arranged in separate folders by subject. Series 3, Eastern State Hospital Files, are arranged with case studies arranged alphabetically first, followed by other subjects alphabetically. Series 6,Research Grants, are arranged chronologically. Series 7, Publications, are catalogued in the VCU Libraries online catalog. Please see the Separated Materials note for more information on Series 7 materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials are generally arranged alphabetically and then chronologically within. Exceptions are: Series 2, Correspondence, is arranged primarily chronologically, with some correspondence arranged in separate folders by subject. Series 3, Eastern State Hospital Files, are arranged with case studies arranged alphabetically first, followed by other subjects alphabetically. Series 6,Research Grants, are arranged chronologically. Series 7, Publications, are catalogued in the VCU Libraries online catalog. Please see the Separated Materials note for more information on Series 7 materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWalther Riese was born June 30, 1890 in Berlin, Germany to an affluent Jewish family. He studied medicine in Berlin, Strasbourg, and received his degree in 1915 from the University of Koenigsberg as part of an expedited program during World War I. After the war, he served as head of the Neuroanatomical Institute at the Frankfurt Clinic, where he shaped his ideas on holistic neurological function and treatment. During his tenure at the Frankfurt Clinic, he began a lifelong collaboration with neurologist and psychiatrist Kurt Goldstein.  After the end of the first World War, soldiers often returned home with illnesses caused by the war. Many German psychiatrists diagnosed these veterans with conditions that could be noted as unrelated to the traumas of war, thus relieving the German National Insurance system of fiscal responsibility for their care. Riese, however, continued to work in his patients' best interests, diagnosing them with war-related ailments and recommending treatments that treated their needs comprehensively.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWalther Riese married fellow physician Hertha Pataky in 1915. Hertha Pataky Riese was born in 1892 to a Jewish-Hungarian family. She studied in Frankfurt am Main and Berlin, obtaining her degree in 1916. After the war, she was Director of the Frankfurt Social and Sexual Counseling Center of the Federal Government for Maternal Protection, advocating for birth control and providing abortion services. Like many who were sexual health proponents in the 1920s, she promoted sterilization as a form of birth control, a view which she later abandoned. The Center provided services to both married and unwed mothers, which was unusual during this time period as most sexual health centers catered only to married women.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn January 1933, with the rise to power of the National Socialist (Nazi) Party, the Rieses found themselves imprisoned for their religious, political, and medical beliefs. Upon their release, the Rieses and their two daughters fled to Switzerland, only a few days before the German government instituted their Jewish passport system. The family then moved to France with the help of a Rockefeller Foundation research scholarship, where Walther reestablished a research program on comparative neuroanatomy at the University of Lyon. When Nazis invaded France, the family fled to Canada via Morocco, before eventually entering the United States. With a letter of reference from Goldstein and a signed affidavit from birth control advocate Margaret Sanger, Walther, who had obtained another Rockefeller Foundation scholarship, and his family secured residency status in the United States. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOnce in the United States, Walther obtained a position at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV), where he built a neuropathology lab and served as a professor of neurology and the history of medicine. Much of his research focused on the history of disease and neurology. He became a pioneer in the field of neuroethics, neurohistory, and traumatology. During his tenure at MCV, he published \u003ctitle\u003eThe Conception of Disease\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle\u003eA History of Neurology\u003c/title\u003e in the 1950s, where he described \"neuroethics,\" a new concept in medicine. In 1969, in recognition of his life's work, Riese received the honorary title of professor emeritus at Frankfurt University where he had done much of his work between the world wars. Walther Riese died in 1976 in Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWalther's widow Hertha lived until 1981. Her career in the United States took a different path. Despite her medical qualifications, she was unable to find a suitable professional position as a physician. In 1943 she co-founded the Educational Therapy and Day Care Center in a back room of the \"colored library\" in Richmond. The center focused on \"extremely deprived\" and neglected youth, particularly African American children. The center later changed it's name to the Educational Therapy Center and, in 1948, officially became affiliated with the State Department of Mental Hygiene. Her work as director of the center culminated in the book \u003ctitle\u003eHeal the Hurt Child published\u003c/title\u003e in 1962. She retired a year later. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Walther Riese was born June 30, 1890 in Berlin, Germany to an affluent Jewish family. He studied medicine in Berlin, Strasbourg, and received his degree in 1915 from the University of Koenigsberg as part of an expedited program during World War I. After the war, he served as head of the Neuroanatomical Institute at the Frankfurt Clinic, where he shaped his ideas on holistic neurological function and treatment. During his tenure at the Frankfurt Clinic, he began a lifelong collaboration with neurologist and psychiatrist Kurt Goldstein.  After the end of the first World War, soldiers often returned home with illnesses caused by the war. Many German psychiatrists diagnosed these veterans with conditions that could be noted as unrelated to the traumas of war, thus relieving the German National Insurance system of fiscal responsibility for their care. Riese, however, continued to work in his patients' best interests, diagnosing them with war-related ailments and recommending treatments that treated their needs comprehensively.","Walther Riese married fellow physician Hertha Pataky in 1915. Hertha Pataky Riese was born in 1892 to a Jewish-Hungarian family. She studied in Frankfurt am Main and Berlin, obtaining her degree in 1916. After the war, she was Director of the Frankfurt Social and Sexual Counseling Center of the Federal Government for Maternal Protection, advocating for birth control and providing abortion services. Like many who were sexual health proponents in the 1920s, she promoted sterilization as a form of birth control, a view which she later abandoned. The Center provided services to both married and unwed mothers, which was unusual during this time period as most sexual health centers catered only to married women.","In January 1933, with the rise to power of the National Socialist (Nazi) Party, the Rieses found themselves imprisoned for their religious, political, and medical beliefs. Upon their release, the Rieses and their two daughters fled to Switzerland, only a few days before the German government instituted their Jewish passport system. The family then moved to France with the help of a Rockefeller Foundation research scholarship, where Walther reestablished a research program on comparative neuroanatomy at the University of Lyon. When Nazis invaded France, the family fled to Canada via Morocco, before eventually entering the United States. With a letter of reference from Goldstein and a signed affidavit from birth control advocate Margaret Sanger, Walther, who had obtained another Rockefeller Foundation scholarship, and his family secured residency status in the United States. ","Once in the United States, Walther obtained a position at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV), where he built a neuropathology lab and served as a professor of neurology and the history of medicine. Much of his research focused on the history of disease and neurology. He became a pioneer in the field of neuroethics, neurohistory, and traumatology. During his tenure at MCV, he published  The Conception of Disease  and  A History of Neurology  in the 1950s, where he described \"neuroethics,\" a new concept in medicine. In 1969, in recognition of his life's work, Riese received the honorary title of professor emeritus at Frankfurt University where he had done much of his work between the world wars. Walther Riese died in 1976 in Richmond, Virginia.","Walther's widow Hertha lived until 1981. Her career in the United States took a different path. Despite her medical qualifications, she was unable to find a suitable professional position as a physician. In 1943 she co-founded the Educational Therapy and Day Care Center in a back room of the \"colored library\" in Richmond. The center focused on \"extremely deprived\" and neglected youth, particularly African American children. The center later changed it's name to the Educational Therapy Center and, in 1948, officially became affiliated with the State Department of Mental Hygiene. Her work as director of the center culminated in the book  Heal the Hurt Child published  in 1962. She retired a year later. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWalther and Hertha Riese papers, 1898-1975, Collection number 1982.03.25, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers, 1898-1975, Collection number 1982.03.25, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers were originally processed in 1989. In 2019, the collection was rehoused into new acid-free boxes and a some reprocessing occured. A DACS-compliant finding aid was written as well.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The papers were originally processed in 1989. In 2019, the collection was rehoused into new acid-free boxes and a some reprocessing occured. A DACS-compliant finding aid was written as well."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials mostly focus on Walther Riese's professional work and life after imigrating to the United States. There are also materials related to his personal life, predominantly in Series 2 and 5. Some materials of and by Hertha Pataky Riese are included, primarily in Series 4.\nThe majority of the collection materials are in English, with some in German and French. The papers are arranged into seven series. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Research and Writings (1939-1978, undated). Series 1 contains of the writings of Walther Riese related to his many research interests. Of particular note are his writings and research files on aphasia and neurological disorders, as well as histories of numerous medical procedures and conditions. Researchers should also consult Series 5 for more information on his research interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correspondence (1915-1975, undated. Bulk 1940-1975). Series 2 contains the correspondence of Water Riese. It covers the majority of his adult life, and includes both professional and personal correspondence. While there is some early correspondence, the majority is related to his life after moving to the United States.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Eastern State Hospital Files (1940-1960, undated). Series 3 is comprised of case studies from Eastern State Hospital case study files. It also contains correspondence, lecture and research notes, as well as an annual report.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Educational Therapy Center Files (1949-1968). Series 4 contains case studies from the Educational Therapy Center while it was part of the Department of Mental Hygiene, and is the bulk of the materials from Hertha Pataky Riese.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Subject files (1912-1975). Series 5 is comprised of both research and personal files. Many of the materials relating to Walther Riese's work as a professor at MCV, historian of medicine, and with professional organizations are located in this series. Similar materials may also be found in Series 1.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Research Grants (1954-1967). Series 6 contains grant applications and other documents related to grants received by Riese.information on grants received and applied for.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Publications. Series 7 is comprised of materials published by the Rieses. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials mostly focus on Walther Riese's professional work and life after imigrating to the United States. There are also materials related to his personal life, predominantly in Series 2 and 5. Some materials of and by Hertha Pataky Riese are included, primarily in Series 4.\nThe majority of the collection materials are in English, with some in German and French. The papers are arranged into seven series. ","Series 1: Research and Writings (1939-1978, undated). Series 1 contains of the writings of Walther Riese related to his many research interests. Of particular note are his writings and research files on aphasia and neurological disorders, as well as histories of numerous medical procedures and conditions. Researchers should also consult Series 5 for more information on his research interests.","Series 2: Correspondence (1915-1975, undated. Bulk 1940-1975). Series 2 contains the correspondence of Water Riese. It covers the majority of his adult life, and includes both professional and personal correspondence. While there is some early correspondence, the majority is related to his life after moving to the United States.","Series 3: Eastern State Hospital Files (1940-1960, undated). Series 3 is comprised of case studies from Eastern State Hospital case study files. It also contains correspondence, lecture and research notes, as well as an annual report.","Series 4: Educational Therapy Center Files (1949-1968). Series 4 contains case studies from the Educational Therapy Center while it was part of the Department of Mental Hygiene, and is the bulk of the materials from Hertha Pataky Riese.","Series 5: Subject files (1912-1975). Series 5 is comprised of both research and personal files. Many of the materials relating to Walther Riese's work as a professor at MCV, historian of medicine, and with professional organizations are located in this series. Similar materials may also be found in Series 1.","Series 6: Research Grants (1954-1967). Series 6 contains grant applications and other documents related to grants received by Riese.information on grants received and applied for.","Series 7: Publications. Series 7 is comprised of materials published by the Rieses. "],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials under Series 7 has been added to the General Collection, and can be searched using the library catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Materials under Series 7 has been added to the General Collection, and can be searched using the library catalog."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Virginia. Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals","Riese, Walther, 1890-1976","Riese, Hertha Pataky, 1892-1981"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Virginia. Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals","Riese, Walther, 1890-1976","Riese, Hertha Pataky, 1892-1981"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Virginia. Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals"],"persname_ssim":["Riese, Walther, 1890-1976","Riese, Hertha Pataky, 1892-1981"],"language_ssim":["English German French"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":352,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:03.818Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c05_c05"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_64_c04_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"American Edgeworths, The","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_64_c04_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_64_c04_c01","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_64_c04_c01"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_64_c04_c01","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_64","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_64","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_64_c04","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_64_c04","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_64","vircu_repositories_5_resources_64_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_64","vircu_repositories_5_resources_64_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Edgar E. MacDonald papers","Education of the Heart"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Edgar E. MacDonald papers","Education of the Heart"],"text":["Edgar E. MacDonald papers","Education of the Heart","American Edgeworths, The","box 4"],"title_filing_ssi":"American Edgeworths, The","title_ssm":["American Edgeworths, The"],"title_tesim":["American Edgeworths, The"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970, 1973"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/1973"],"normalized_title_ssm":["American Edgeworths, The"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Edgar E. MacDonald papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":40,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Access to the Roger Hunt Carroll correspondence is restricted. For additional information contact the Special Collections and Archives staff."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions on use."],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973],"containers_ssim":["box 4"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:16:11.514Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_64","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_64","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_64","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_64","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_64.xml","title_filing_ssi":"MacDonald, Edgar E., papers","title_ssm":["Edgar E. MacDonald papers"],"title_tesim":["Edgar E. MacDonald papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1933-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1933-1993"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 142","/repositories/5/resources/64"],"text":["M 142","/repositories/5/resources/64","Edgar E. MacDonald papers","Scholars -- Virginia -- Richmond","Access to the Roger Hunt Carroll correspondence is restricted. For additional information contact the Special Collections and Archives staff.","Series I--General personal papers (n.d., 1933-1976), Series II--Professional papers (n.d., 1933-1984), Series III--James Branch Cabell (n.d., 1977-1984), Series IV--Education of the Heart (n.d., 1654-1982), Series V--Ellen Glasgow (n.d., 1874-1981), Series VI--Articles, lectures, speeches and reviews (n.d.), Series VII--correspondence (n.d., 1816-1986): Subseries A: chronological; Subseries B: Alphabetical; Subseries C: Research correspondence, Series VIII--Ellen Glasgow Society (n.d., 1880-1983), Series IX--Published materials (n.d., 1961-1985), Series X--Virginia State Library and Archives Board, Series XI--James Branch Cabell and Richmond-in-Virginia ( - 1993), Series XII--Oversize in oversize drawer 25 and box 20","Edgar Edgeworth MacDonald was born in Richmond on 5 March 1919, the son of John Edgar and Marie Edgeworth MacDonald. He attended the University of Virginia (1936-1938), Sorbonne, University of Paris (1947-1948), Richmond Professional Institute [VCU] (B.S.), University of Richmond (M.A.) and the University of Paris, D. de l'Universite. A professor of English at Randolph-Macon College from 1953 until his retirement in 1984, Dr. MacDonald served as Senior Cabell Scholar at Virginia Commonwealth University until his death in 2011. He is the author of numerous articles and books, including a biography of James Branch Cabell published by the University of Mississippi Press in 1993.","The materials in this collection range from 1654 to 1990 and include correspondence, articles, reviews, drafts of published work, photographs and clippings. The bulk of the material can be found in the 1970- 1980 date range. There is extensive information on James Branch Cabell, Ellen Glasgow and the Edgeworth/Mordecai relationship. Activities of the Ellen Glasgow Society and the Virginia Writer's Club, to a lesser extent, are also documented. Clipping for \"Rain\" RTD 10/31/24 fragile note taken and clipping discarded. Photographs removed to University Photograph Collection. The video \"Richmond: Historic Sights \u0026 Haunts\" has been transferred to RG 70.","There are no restrictions on use.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Writers Club","Ellen Glasgow Society","Randolph-Macon College -- Faculty","MacDonald, Edgar E.","Lazarus, Rachel Mordecai, 1788-1838","MacDonald, Edgar E. -- Archives","Edgeworth, Maria, 1768-1849","Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Glasgow, Ellen Anderson Gholson, 1873-1945","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 142","/repositories/5/resources/64"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Edgar E. MacDonald papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Edgar E. MacDonald papers"],"collection_ssim":["Edgar E. MacDonald papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia Writers Club","MacDonald, Edgar E.","Ellen Glasgow Society"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia Writers Club","MacDonald, Edgar E.","Ellen Glasgow Society"],"creator_persname_ssim":["MacDonald, Edgar E."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Writers Club","Ellen Glasgow Society"],"creators_ssim":["MacDonald, Edgar E.","Virginia Writers Club","Ellen Glasgow Society"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on use."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to the department by Dr. Edgar E. MacDonald in March 1990 and continuing."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Scholars -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Scholars -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["10 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccess to the Roger Hunt Carroll correspondence is restricted. For additional information contact the Special Collections and Archives staff.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Access to the Roger Hunt Carroll correspondence is restricted. For additional information contact the Special Collections and Archives staff."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I--General personal papers (n.d., 1933-1976), Series II--Professional papers (n.d., 1933-1984), Series III--James Branch Cabell (n.d., 1977-1984), Series IV--Education of the Heart (n.d., 1654-1982), Series V--Ellen Glasgow (n.d., 1874-1981), Series VI--Articles, lectures, speeches and reviews (n.d.), Series VII--correspondence (n.d., 1816-1986): Subseries A: chronological; Subseries B: Alphabetical; Subseries C: Research correspondence, Series VIII--Ellen Glasgow Society (n.d., 1880-1983), Series IX--Published materials (n.d., 1961-1985), Series X--Virginia State Library and Archives Board, Series XI--James Branch Cabell and Richmond-in-Virginia ( - 1993), Series XII--Oversize in oversize drawer 25 and box 20\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I--General personal papers (n.d., 1933-1976), Series II--Professional papers (n.d., 1933-1984), Series III--James Branch Cabell (n.d., 1977-1984), Series IV--Education of the Heart (n.d., 1654-1982), Series V--Ellen Glasgow (n.d., 1874-1981), Series VI--Articles, lectures, speeches and reviews (n.d.), Series VII--correspondence (n.d., 1816-1986): Subseries A: chronological; Subseries B: Alphabetical; Subseries C: Research correspondence, Series VIII--Ellen Glasgow Society (n.d., 1880-1983), Series IX--Published materials (n.d., 1961-1985), Series X--Virginia State Library and Archives Board, Series XI--James Branch Cabell and Richmond-in-Virginia ( - 1993), Series XII--Oversize in oversize drawer 25 and box 20"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdgar Edgeworth MacDonald was born in Richmond on 5 March 1919, the son of John Edgar and Marie Edgeworth MacDonald. He attended the University of Virginia (1936-1938), Sorbonne, University of Paris (1947-1948), Richmond Professional Institute [VCU] (B.S.), University of Richmond (M.A.) and the University of Paris, D. de l'Universite. A professor of English at Randolph-Macon College from 1953 until his retirement in 1984, Dr. MacDonald served as Senior Cabell Scholar at Virginia Commonwealth University until his death in 2011. He is the author of numerous articles and books, including a biography of James Branch Cabell published by the University of Mississippi Press in 1993.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Edgar Edgeworth MacDonald was born in Richmond on 5 March 1919, the son of John Edgar and Marie Edgeworth MacDonald. He attended the University of Virginia (1936-1938), Sorbonne, University of Paris (1947-1948), Richmond Professional Institute [VCU] (B.S.), University of Richmond (M.A.) and the University of Paris, D. de l'Universite. A professor of English at Randolph-Macon College from 1953 until his retirement in 1984, Dr. MacDonald served as Senior Cabell Scholar at Virginia Commonwealth University until his death in 2011. He is the author of numerous articles and books, including a biography of James Branch Cabell published by the University of Mississippi Press in 1993."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Edgar E. MacDonald Papers, M 142, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Edgar E. MacDonald Papers, M 142, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection range from 1654 to 1990 and include correspondence, articles, reviews, drafts of published work, photographs and clippings. The bulk of the material can be found in the 1970- 1980 date range. There is extensive information on James Branch Cabell, Ellen Glasgow and the Edgeworth/Mordecai relationship. Activities of the Ellen Glasgow Society and the Virginia Writer's Club, to a lesser extent, are also documented. Clipping for \"Rain\" RTD 10/31/24 fragile note taken and clipping discarded. Photographs removed to University Photograph Collection. The video \"Richmond: Historic Sights \u0026amp; Haunts\" has been transferred to RG 70.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials in this collection range from 1654 to 1990 and include correspondence, articles, reviews, drafts of published work, photographs and clippings. The bulk of the material can be found in the 1970- 1980 date range. There is extensive information on James Branch Cabell, Ellen Glasgow and the Edgeworth/Mordecai relationship. Activities of the Ellen Glasgow Society and the Virginia Writer's Club, to a lesser extent, are also documented. Clipping for \"Rain\" RTD 10/31/24 fragile note taken and clipping discarded. Photographs removed to University Photograph Collection. The video \"Richmond: Historic Sights \u0026 Haunts\" has been transferred to RG 70."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on use."],"names_coll_ssim":["Randolph-Macon College -- Faculty","Lazarus, Rachel Mordecai, 1788-1838","MacDonald, Edgar E. -- Archives","Edgeworth, Maria, 1768-1849","Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Glasgow, Ellen Anderson Gholson, 1873-1945"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Writers Club","Ellen Glasgow Society","Randolph-Macon College -- Faculty","MacDonald, Edgar E.","Lazarus, Rachel Mordecai, 1788-1838","MacDonald, Edgar E. -- Archives","Edgeworth, Maria, 1768-1849","Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Glasgow, Ellen Anderson Gholson, 1873-1945"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Writers Club","Ellen Glasgow Society","Randolph-Macon College -- Faculty"],"persname_ssim":["MacDonald, Edgar E.","Lazarus, Rachel Mordecai, 1788-1838","MacDonald, Edgar E. -- Archives","Edgeworth, Maria, 1768-1849","Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Glasgow, Ellen Anderson Gholson, 1873-1945"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":266,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:16:11.514Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_64_c04_c01"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_151_c18_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"American Institute of Certified Planners","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_151_c18_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_151_c18_c01","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_151_c18_c01"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_151_c18_c01","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_151","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_151","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_151_c18","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_151_c18","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_151","vircu_repositories_5_resources_151_c18"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_151","vircu_repositories_5_resources_151_c18"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Melville C. Branch, Jr. Papers, 1914-2004","American Institute of Certified Planners"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Melville C. Branch, Jr. Papers, 1914-2004","American Institute of Certified Planners"],"text":["Melville C. Branch, Jr. Papers, 1914-2004","American Institute of Certified Planners","American Institute of Certified Planners","box 3"],"title_filing_ssi":"American Institute of Certified Planners","title_ssm":["American Institute of Certified Planners"],"title_tesim":["American Institute of Certified Planners"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1954, 1959, 1963, 1977, 1999, 2000, n.d."],"normalized_date_ssm":["1954/2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["American Institute of Certified Planners"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Melville C. Branch, Jr. Papers, 1914-2004"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":167,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"containers_ssim":["box 3"],"_nest_path_":"/components#17/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:59.403Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_151","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_151","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_151","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_151","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_151.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00111.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Branch, Melville C., Jr.","title_ssm":["Melville C. Branch, Jr. Papers, 1914-2004"],"title_tesim":["Melville C. Branch, Jr. Papers, 1914-2004"],"unitdate_ssm":["1914-2004"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1914-2004"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 327","/repositories/5/resources/151"],"text":["M 327","/repositories/5/resources/151","Melville C. Branch, Jr. Papers, 1914-2004","City planning -- Study and teaching.","City planning -- History -- 20th century -- United States","Collection is open to research without restrictions.","The collection is arranged chronologically by the major periods of Dr. Branch's personal and professional life.","Melville Campbell Branch, Jr. (1913-2008) pioneered consideration of planning as a distinct intellectual discipline and the subject of professional practice. He was the first person in the United States to receive an advanced degree in Planning: a Ph.D. in regional planning from Harvard University in 1949. He is the first person in the nation designated Distinguished Professor of Planning, by the University of Southern California. His nearly 60-year career includes work in academia, government, private enterprise, and the U.S. Navy.","In an unpublished 2003 essay entitled \"Planning: Universal Process\", Dr. Branch wrote that for \"over fifty years, my thoughts, research, and working experiences have been directed to exploring and formulating in written form the fundamental nature and significance of the planning process as a law of human forethought and action.\" He concludes the essay by noting that planning has \"shaped the human condition, subject to events beyond human influence. Aside from procreation, it is also the human activity which will most crucially affect our prospects as a society and our survival in an ever-changing world.\"","A long-time educator, researcher, and writer, Dr. Branch is the author of twenty-three books and over seventy-five professional papers relating to planning. His original contributions include the first books published on: corporate planning; sample surveys in city planning; the use of aerial photography and remote sensing in city and regional planning; and comprehensive planning theory and principles. Another three of his books expand on several elements of comprehensive planning: communication, simulation, and human behavior.","Born in Richmond, Virginia, on 16 February 1913, Dr. Branch is the eldest son of Melville Campbell and Martha (Bowie) Branch. He attended Princeton University (1930-1934) graduating as a Bachelor of Arts with high honors, and the Princeton University graduate college (1934-1936), receiving a two-year Master of Fine Arts in Architecture. In the summer of 1934, Dr. Branch studied at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, Fontainebleau, France, and received a Diplome for a project in planning and design. From 1937-1938, Dr. Branch was a fellow at the Cranbrook Academy of Art in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, where he completed independent research in city planning.","Dr. Branch headed the section designing the urban areas in the General Motors Futurama exhibit at the 1939 New York World's Fair. He was a Research Assistant at the U.S. National Resources Planning Board (NRPB) in the executive offices of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1939-1941. On leave from November 1940 - February 1941, Dr. Branch designed and directed the exhibit \"The City\" at the Baltimore Museum of Art, the largest city planning exhibit displayed in the United States to that date. He left the NRPB to become Director of the Bureau of Urban Research at Princeton University.","In 1943, Dr. Branch was commissioned Lieutenant JG in the U.S. Naval Reserve, assigned as an Instructor at the U.S. Naval Air Combat Intelligence School. He taught \"maps and photographs\" and wrote a flack information bulletin circulated in the Pacific Ocean area. After three years in the Navy, he spent a year at Harvard enrolled for the Ph.D. degree in planning. From 1947 until 1951, Dr. Branch was an Associate Professor in the Graduate Program of Education and Research in Planning at the University of Chicago.","In 1951, Dr. Branch left Chicago for Los Angeles, California, becoming an Intelligence Officer at the Los Angeles Office of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. In 1954, he became Corporate Associate for Planning and Member of the Senior Staff (West Coast) of the Ramo-Woolridge Corporation (RW). While there, he was appointed in 1961 to the Los Angeles Board of City Planning Commissioners, serving nine years as a member, vice president, and president. Dr. Branch was a Lecturer in Engineering (Planning) at the College of Engineering at the University of California at Los Angeles from 1962-1966.","Dr. Branch joined the faculty at the University of Southern California in 1966 as a Professor in the Planning Program within the School of Public Administration. The Program developed into a School of Urban and Regional Planning, and finally into a School of Policy, Planning, and Development. He taught half-time from 1984-1992 as a Professor Emeritus.","Dr. Branch has consulted briefly for Douglas Aircraft Company, Standard Oil Company of California, Southern California Edison Company, and during the summer of 1978, for the Department of Economic Development and Planning, Faculty of Economics and Management, at the National University of Malaysia.","In 1939, Dr Branch was awarded the Charlotte Elisabeth Proctor Fellowship for independent graduate study at Princeton University. In 1986, the Distinguished Leadership Award of the American Planning Association. In 2000, the Planning Educator Award of the Association of Collegiate Schools in Planning. In 2003, he was elected a Fellow in the American Institute of Certified Planners.","Dr. Branch was married to his second wife, Hilda S. Rollman-Branch, M.D., for over fifty years. Dr. Rollman-Branch came to the United States from German occupied territories in Europe during World War II. While in the United States, Dr. Rollman-Branch studied chemistry, medicine, psychiatry and psychoanalysis. She has served many notable appointments in the Los Angeles Psychoanalytic Society and Institute (LAPSI) and the American Psychoanalytical Association (APsaA).","Melville Campbell Branch, Jr died on February 11, 2008 while living in Pacific Palisades, California. He was 94 years old.","The materials in this collection range from 1914 to 2004 and include correspondence, drawings, photographs, and numerous publications by Dr. Branch and others. The collection documents Branch's early life, mostly through correspondence with family members, and his entire academic career. Most items concern Dr. Branch's professional accomplishments in the field of architecture, urban planning, and design. The collection includes scrapbooks, portfolios, and oversized handmade books of Branch's artwork for the General Motors Futurama at the 1939 World's Fair, the Baltimore Museum exhibition \"The City,\" and Richmond's bicentennial celebration in 1937.","His more than fifty years of research and writing concerning comprehensive planning as a universal process are represented in the collection by twelve of his books and various papers specifically devoted to this subject.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Branch, Melville Campbell, 1913-","Branch, Melville Campbell, 1913- -- Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 327","/repositories/5/resources/151"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Melville C. Branch, Jr. Papers, 1914-2004"],"collection_title_tesim":["Melville C. Branch, Jr. Papers, 1914-2004"],"collection_ssim":["Melville C. Branch, Jr. Papers, 1914-2004"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Branch, Melville Campbell, 1913-"],"creator_ssim":["Branch, Melville Campbell, 1913-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Branch, Melville Campbell, 1913-"],"creators_ssim":["Branch, Melville Campbell, 1913-"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated to the Special Collections and Archives Department by Mr. Melville C. Branch, Jr. in 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["City planning -- Study and teaching.","City planning -- History -- 20th century -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["City planning -- Study and teaching.","City planning -- History -- 20th century -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["12 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically by the major periods of Dr. Branch's personal and professional life.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically by the major periods of Dr. Branch's personal and professional life."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMelville Campbell Branch, Jr. (1913-2008) pioneered consideration of planning as a distinct intellectual discipline and the subject of professional practice. He was the first person in the United States to receive an advanced degree in Planning: a Ph.D. in regional planning from Harvard University in 1949. He is the first person in the nation designated Distinguished Professor of Planning, by the University of Southern California. His nearly 60-year career includes work in academia, government, private enterprise, and the U.S. Navy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn an unpublished 2003 essay entitled \"Planning: Universal Process\", Dr. Branch wrote that for \"over fifty years, my thoughts, research, and working experiences have been directed to exploring and formulating in written form the fundamental nature and significance of the planning process as a law of human forethought and action.\" He concludes the essay by noting that planning has \"shaped the human condition, subject to events beyond human influence. Aside from procreation, it is also the human activity which will most crucially affect our prospects as a society and our survival in an ever-changing world.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA long-time educator, researcher, and writer, Dr. Branch is the author of twenty-three books and over seventy-five professional papers relating to planning. His original contributions include the first books published on: corporate planning; sample surveys in city planning; the use of aerial photography and remote sensing in city and regional planning; and comprehensive planning theory and principles. Another three of his books expand on several elements of comprehensive planning: communication, simulation, and human behavior.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn in Richmond, Virginia, on 16 February 1913, Dr. Branch is the eldest son of Melville Campbell and Martha (Bowie) Branch. He attended Princeton University (1930-1934) graduating as a Bachelor of Arts with high honors, and the Princeton University graduate college (1934-1936), receiving a two-year Master of Fine Arts in Architecture. In the summer of 1934, Dr. Branch studied at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, Fontainebleau, France, and received a Diplome for a project in planning and design. From 1937-1938, Dr. Branch was a fellow at the Cranbrook Academy of Art in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, where he completed independent research in city planning.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Branch headed the section designing the urban areas in the General Motors Futurama exhibit at the 1939 New York World's Fair. He was a Research Assistant at the U.S. National Resources Planning Board (NRPB) in the executive offices of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1939-1941. On leave from November 1940 - February 1941, Dr. Branch designed and directed the exhibit \"The City\" at the Baltimore Museum of Art, the largest city planning exhibit displayed in the United States to that date. He left the NRPB to become Director of the Bureau of Urban Research at Princeton University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1943, Dr. Branch was commissioned Lieutenant JG in the U.S. Naval Reserve, assigned as an Instructor at the U.S. Naval Air Combat Intelligence School. He taught \"maps and photographs\" and wrote a flack information bulletin circulated in the Pacific Ocean area. After three years in the Navy, he spent a year at Harvard enrolled for the Ph.D. degree in planning. From 1947 until 1951, Dr. Branch was an Associate Professor in the Graduate Program of Education and Research in Planning at the University of Chicago.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1951, Dr. Branch left Chicago for Los Angeles, California, becoming an Intelligence Officer at the Los Angeles Office of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. In 1954, he became Corporate Associate for Planning and Member of the Senior Staff (West Coast) of the Ramo-Woolridge Corporation (RW). While there, he was appointed in 1961 to the Los Angeles Board of City Planning Commissioners, serving nine years as a member, vice president, and president. Dr. Branch was a Lecturer in Engineering (Planning) at the College of Engineering at the University of California at Los Angeles from 1962-1966.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Branch joined the faculty at the University of Southern California in 1966 as a Professor in the Planning Program within the School of Public Administration. The Program developed into a School of Urban and Regional Planning, and finally into a School of Policy, Planning, and Development. He taught half-time from 1984-1992 as a Professor Emeritus.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Branch has consulted briefly for Douglas Aircraft Company, Standard Oil Company of California, Southern California Edison Company, and during the summer of 1978, for the Department of Economic Development and Planning, Faculty of Economics and Management, at the National University of Malaysia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1939, Dr Branch was awarded the Charlotte Elisabeth Proctor Fellowship for independent graduate study at Princeton University. In 1986, the Distinguished Leadership Award of the American Planning Association. In 2000, the Planning Educator Award of the Association of Collegiate Schools in Planning. In 2003, he was elected a Fellow in the American Institute of Certified Planners.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Branch was married to his second wife, Hilda S. Rollman-Branch, M.D., for over fifty years. Dr. Rollman-Branch came to the United States from German occupied territories in Europe during World War II. While in the United States, Dr. Rollman-Branch studied chemistry, medicine, psychiatry and psychoanalysis. She has served many notable appointments in the Los Angeles Psychoanalytic Society and Institute (LAPSI) and the American Psychoanalytical Association (APsaA).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMelville Campbell Branch, Jr died on February 11, 2008 while living in Pacific Palisades, California. He was 94 years old.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Melville Campbell Branch, Jr. (1913-2008) pioneered consideration of planning as a distinct intellectual discipline and the subject of professional practice. He was the first person in the United States to receive an advanced degree in Planning: a Ph.D. in regional planning from Harvard University in 1949. He is the first person in the nation designated Distinguished Professor of Planning, by the University of Southern California. His nearly 60-year career includes work in academia, government, private enterprise, and the U.S. Navy.","In an unpublished 2003 essay entitled \"Planning: Universal Process\", Dr. Branch wrote that for \"over fifty years, my thoughts, research, and working experiences have been directed to exploring and formulating in written form the fundamental nature and significance of the planning process as a law of human forethought and action.\" He concludes the essay by noting that planning has \"shaped the human condition, subject to events beyond human influence. Aside from procreation, it is also the human activity which will most crucially affect our prospects as a society and our survival in an ever-changing world.\"","A long-time educator, researcher, and writer, Dr. Branch is the author of twenty-three books and over seventy-five professional papers relating to planning. His original contributions include the first books published on: corporate planning; sample surveys in city planning; the use of aerial photography and remote sensing in city and regional planning; and comprehensive planning theory and principles. Another three of his books expand on several elements of comprehensive planning: communication, simulation, and human behavior.","Born in Richmond, Virginia, on 16 February 1913, Dr. Branch is the eldest son of Melville Campbell and Martha (Bowie) Branch. He attended Princeton University (1930-1934) graduating as a Bachelor of Arts with high honors, and the Princeton University graduate college (1934-1936), receiving a two-year Master of Fine Arts in Architecture. In the summer of 1934, Dr. Branch studied at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, Fontainebleau, France, and received a Diplome for a project in planning and design. From 1937-1938, Dr. Branch was a fellow at the Cranbrook Academy of Art in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, where he completed independent research in city planning.","Dr. Branch headed the section designing the urban areas in the General Motors Futurama exhibit at the 1939 New York World's Fair. He was a Research Assistant at the U.S. National Resources Planning Board (NRPB) in the executive offices of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1939-1941. On leave from November 1940 - February 1941, Dr. Branch designed and directed the exhibit \"The City\" at the Baltimore Museum of Art, the largest city planning exhibit displayed in the United States to that date. He left the NRPB to become Director of the Bureau of Urban Research at Princeton University.","In 1943, Dr. Branch was commissioned Lieutenant JG in the U.S. Naval Reserve, assigned as an Instructor at the U.S. Naval Air Combat Intelligence School. He taught \"maps and photographs\" and wrote a flack information bulletin circulated in the Pacific Ocean area. After three years in the Navy, he spent a year at Harvard enrolled for the Ph.D. degree in planning. From 1947 until 1951, Dr. Branch was an Associate Professor in the Graduate Program of Education and Research in Planning at the University of Chicago.","In 1951, Dr. Branch left Chicago for Los Angeles, California, becoming an Intelligence Officer at the Los Angeles Office of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. In 1954, he became Corporate Associate for Planning and Member of the Senior Staff (West Coast) of the Ramo-Woolridge Corporation (RW). While there, he was appointed in 1961 to the Los Angeles Board of City Planning Commissioners, serving nine years as a member, vice president, and president. Dr. Branch was a Lecturer in Engineering (Planning) at the College of Engineering at the University of California at Los Angeles from 1962-1966.","Dr. Branch joined the faculty at the University of Southern California in 1966 as a Professor in the Planning Program within the School of Public Administration. The Program developed into a School of Urban and Regional Planning, and finally into a School of Policy, Planning, and Development. He taught half-time from 1984-1992 as a Professor Emeritus.","Dr. Branch has consulted briefly for Douglas Aircraft Company, Standard Oil Company of California, Southern California Edison Company, and during the summer of 1978, for the Department of Economic Development and Planning, Faculty of Economics and Management, at the National University of Malaysia.","In 1939, Dr Branch was awarded the Charlotte Elisabeth Proctor Fellowship for independent graduate study at Princeton University. In 1986, the Distinguished Leadership Award of the American Planning Association. In 2000, the Planning Educator Award of the Association of Collegiate Schools in Planning. In 2003, he was elected a Fellow in the American Institute of Certified Planners.","Dr. Branch was married to his second wife, Hilda S. Rollman-Branch, M.D., for over fifty years. Dr. Rollman-Branch came to the United States from German occupied territories in Europe during World War II. While in the United States, Dr. Rollman-Branch studied chemistry, medicine, psychiatry and psychoanalysis. She has served many notable appointments in the Los Angeles Psychoanalytic Society and Institute (LAPSI) and the American Psychoanalytical Association (APsaA).","Melville Campbell Branch, Jr died on February 11, 2008 while living in Pacific Palisades, California. He was 94 years old."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Melville C. Branch, Jr., M 327, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Melville C. Branch, Jr., M 327, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection range from 1914 to 2004 and include correspondence, drawings, photographs, and numerous publications by Dr. Branch and others. The collection documents Branch's early life, mostly through correspondence with family members, and his entire academic career. Most items concern Dr. Branch's professional accomplishments in the field of architecture, urban planning, and design. The collection includes scrapbooks, portfolios, and oversized handmade books of Branch's artwork for the General Motors Futurama at the 1939 World's Fair, the Baltimore Museum exhibition \"The City,\" and Richmond's bicentennial celebration in 1937.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHis more than fifty years of research and writing concerning comprehensive planning as a universal process are represented in the collection by twelve of his books and various papers specifically devoted to this subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials in this collection range from 1914 to 2004 and include correspondence, drawings, photographs, and numerous publications by Dr. Branch and others. The collection documents Branch's early life, mostly through correspondence with family members, and his entire academic career. Most items concern Dr. Branch's professional accomplishments in the field of architecture, urban planning, and design. The collection includes scrapbooks, portfolios, and oversized handmade books of Branch's artwork for the General Motors Futurama at the 1939 World's Fair, the Baltimore Museum exhibition \"The City,\" and Richmond's bicentennial celebration in 1937.","His more than fifty years of research and writing concerning comprehensive planning as a universal process are represented in the collection by twelve of his books and various papers specifically devoted to this subject."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Branch, Melville Campbell, 1913-","Branch, Melville Campbell, 1913- -- Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Branch, Melville Campbell, 1913- -- Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Branch, Melville Campbell, 1913-","Branch, Melville Campbell, 1913- -- Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":257,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:59.403Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_151_c18_c01"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library","value":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library","hits":2074},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A. 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