{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=204","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=203","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=205","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=208"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":204,"next_page":205,"prev_page":203,"total_pages":208,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":2030,"total_count":2074,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_413_c02_c41","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"WEZS","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_413_c02_c41#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_413_c02_c41","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_413_c02_c41"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_413_c02_c41","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_413","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_413","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_413_c02","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_413_c02","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_413","vircu_repositories_5_resources_413_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_413","vircu_repositories_5_resources_413_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Collie Burton Papers","BBC vs. FCC"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Collie Burton Papers","BBC vs. FCC"],"text":["Collie Burton Papers","BBC vs. FCC","WEZS","box 6"],"title_filing_ssi":"WEZS","title_ssm":["WEZS"],"title_tesim":["WEZS"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965, 1970-1972"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1965/1972"],"normalized_title_ssm":["WEZS"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Collie Burton Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":53,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None."],"date_range_isim":[1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972],"containers_ssim":["box 6"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#40","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:33.324Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_413","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_413","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_413","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_413","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_413.xml","title_ssm":["Collie Burton Papers"],"title_tesim":["Collie Burton Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1965-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965-1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 267","/repositories/5/resources/413"],"text":["M 267","/repositories/5/resources/413","Collie Burton Papers","Broadcasting -- Virginia -- Trials, litigation, etc. -- Richmond -- Sources","African Americans in radio broadcasting -- Virginia -- Richmond -- History -- 20th century.","African Americans in television broadcasting -- Virginia -- Richmond -- History -- 20th century","Collection is open for use without restrictions.","Materials arranged in alphabetical order and chronologically therein.","Most of the files were not in any order and arrangement and order was imposed by the Department to aid research."," Series I--Alphabetical Files (n.d., 1971-1977)"," Series II--Black Broadcasting Coalition (BBC) vs. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) (n.d., 1966-1976)"," Series III--Oversize (n.d.)","Mr. Burton has been educated in Virginia, Pennsylvania and Ohio and has held numerous civic positions in Richmond.","Collection processed in April 1989.","The collection includes articles, correspondence and publications on various issues. The bulk of the material details the lawsuits against the FCC and Richmond area radio and television stations initiated by the Black Broadcasting Coalition (BBC) in the early 1970s.","None.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Black Broadcasting Coalition -- Trials, litigation, etc.;  -- Sources","United States. Federal Communications Commission -- Trials, litigation, etc. -- Sources","Burton, Collie","Burton, Collie -- Archives","English \n.    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The bulk of the material details the lawsuits against the FCC and Richmond area radio and television stations initiated by the Black Broadcasting Coalition (BBC) in the early 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes articles, correspondence and publications on various issues. The bulk of the material details the lawsuits against the FCC and Richmond area radio and television stations initiated by the Black Broadcasting Coalition (BBC) in the early 1970s."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["None."],"names_coll_ssim":["Black Broadcasting Coalition -- Trials, litigation, etc.;  -- Sources","United States. Federal Communications Commission -- Trials, litigation, etc. -- Sources","Burton, Collie -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Black Broadcasting Coalition -- Trials, litigation, etc.;  -- Sources","United States. Federal Communications Commission -- Trials, litigation, etc. -- Sources","Burton, Collie","Burton, Collie -- Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Black Broadcasting Coalition -- Trials, litigation, etc.;  -- Sources","United States. Federal Communications Commission -- Trials, litigation, etc. -- Sources"],"persname_ssim":["Burton, Collie","Burton, Collie -- Archives"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":73,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:33.324Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_413_c02_c41"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_83_c03_c48","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wheat, Jim","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_83_c03_c48#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_83_c03_c48","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_83_c03_c48"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_83_c03_c48","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_83","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_83","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_83_c03","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_83_c03","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_83","vircu_repositories_5_resources_83_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_83","vircu_repositories_5_resources_83_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richmond annexation files","People involved"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richmond annexation files","People involved"],"text":["Richmond annexation files","People involved","Wheat, Jim","box 6"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wheat, Jim","title_ssm":["Wheat, Jim"],"title_tesim":["Wheat, Jim"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1971"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1971"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wheat, Jim"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond annexation files"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":221,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1971],"containers_ssim":["box 6"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#47","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:18:16.616Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_83","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_83","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_83","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_83","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_83.xml","title_ssm":["Richmond annexation files"],"title_tesim":["Richmond annexation files"],"unitdate_ssm":["1942-1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 183","/repositories/5/resources/83"],"text":["M 183","/repositories/5/resources/83","Richmond annexation files","Richmond (Va.) -- Politics and government.","Chesterfield County (Va.) -- Politics and government.","Annexation (County government) -- Virginia -- Chesterfield County.","Annexation (Municipal government) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Regional planning -- Virginia -- Richmond Metropolitan Area.","Collection is open for use without restrictions.","Materials arranged in chronological order. The collection has been weeded and arranged as closely as possible to reflect the separate legal actions involved in the annexation of Chesterfield County and subsequent legal actions. Since the processing has occurred over time many of the folder headings do not accurately reflect the contents of the folders. The guide headings and folder numbers correspond to the actual folder numbers and contents. Although mistakes in arrangement have probably been made (there are some marked Holt III and IV for which there is no description) considerable effort has been expended to make the materials understandable.","The legal battles fought over the 1970 Richmond annexation are considered by many observers, including attorneys in the U.S. Justice Department, as the most complex, prolonged, and far-reaching of any legal action triggered by municipal boundary expansion. For the Richmond power structure, the Holt suits quickly became much more than minor irritants. They had the potential to radically change the city's political landscape. What in past years involved fairly simple and straightforward strategies designed to maintain the political status quo now required, given the sophisticated legal challenges that Curtis Holt mounted against the city, equally sophisticated legal responses. The long cycle of action-response-reaction that characterized the sequence of events in the he courts was emotionally draining on both the participants and the observers. The information generated by the tedious research undertaken by attorneys for each side of the suits and by consultants versed in urban and regional planning, economics, and public administration, plus the lengthy depositions and courtroom hearings was comparable to that of a small library. The legal battle was made more complicated by the intricate routes traveled by the litigants and the fact that the routes at different points crossed each other, ran parallel to each other, and diverged at right angles. Journalists covering the cases over the years were hard pressed to summarize the proceedings in an intelligible fashion, as each year one case became more complicated or else was set aside as another equally complex case, was begun.","The litigation began in February 1971 was Curtis Holt initiated his first suit contesting the annexation on constitutional grounds, and concluded over five and a half years later in November 1976 following a second Holt suit and a suit brought by the city. Litigation over annexation led to a U.S. Supreme Court order suspending local elections in Richmond that lasted five years and enabled the 1970 council, which was to serve until 1972, to continue in power for almost seven years. The arguments surrounding the various suits were presented to six different judicial bodies, the U.S. District Court in Richmond, a three judge district court in Richmond, a three judge district court in Washington, D.C., a Special Master in Washington, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals, and the U.S. Supreme Court...Holt's first suit (Holt I) against the city was successfully argued before the U.S. District Court in Richmond. The city, however, was successful in overturning the decision in the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals. Holt's response was an appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court, but the high court denied the writ.","Prior to the termination of the first suit, Holt brought a second suit (Holt II) against the city. Holt II was stayed by the federal court, though no before the Supreme Court had enjoined further city council elections. What prevented Holt II from moving forward was a suit which the city filed.","\"The city's suit was itself complex, notwithstanding the confusion which was generated by the combination of the city's suit, Holt I, and Holt II. The city's suit was brought before a special three judge District Court in Washington which referred it to a Special Master for hearings and recommendations. Upon receiving the recommendation of the Master, the Washington court ruled against the city. The city appealed to the Supreme Court where, by Unanimous vote, the justices held that there was racial motive for the annexation. The Court also ruled, however, that, given the single-member council districts (Richmond had developed such a plan) and justifiable reasons such as economic or administrative benefits reaped by the city from the annexed area, the city could retain the annexed area. But, the city had to prove that such justifiable reasons existed and, moreover, had to revert to ward representation.","The Supreme Court returned the case to the Washington District Court to determine whether verifiable reasons did exist. The Washington Court, once again, referred the case to the Special Master. The Master found that the city could prove that it received economic and administrative benefits from the annexed area and recommended, therefore, that the city retain the area. The Washington Court agreed with the recommendation of the Master and affirmed the annexation.","After conferring with members of the city's black community and deciding that appeals and other legal action were only delaying the reinstatement of councilmanic elections, Holt did not appeal the decision to the Supreme Court...With the City's suit resolved, the injunction against elections were lifted and local elections were called for March 1, 1977. Furthermore, Holt II, which was stayed pending the outcome of the city's suit, was withdrawn by the Richmond District Court upon the request of both the city and Curtis Holt. -Excerpted from The Politics of Annexation, p. 11-14.","The materials cover the period 1942 to 1976 with the majority of the collection focusing on the period 1969-1975. Primarily notes, briefs, motions, replies and questions, the documents reflect the scope of the annexation trials of the 1970s of the City of Richmond. A large portion of the materials are not dated and others, because of the interdependency of the multiple trials described above, are as easily placed in one series as another. Documentation that may be of interest aside from the trial proceedings include; comparative population studies, master plans, financial reports for the City of Richmond, school board budgets and reports, and city budgets.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 183","/repositories/5/resources/83"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richmond annexation files"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richmond annexation files"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond annexation files"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.) -- Politics and government.","Chesterfield County (Va.) -- Politics and government."],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Politics and government.","Chesterfield County (Va.) -- Politics and government."],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Politics and government.","Chesterfield County (Va.) -- Politics and government."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The materials were originally deposited in the Department by John V. Moeser and Rutledge M. Dennis who used the materials to write The Politics of Annexation : Oligarchic Power in a Southern City (1982). The materials were then given to the Department by W.H.C. Venable, the primary lawyer involved in the trials, in 1983."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Annexation (County government) -- Virginia -- Chesterfield County.","Annexation (Municipal government) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Regional planning -- Virginia -- Richmond Metropolitan Area."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Annexation (County government) -- Virginia -- Chesterfield County.","Annexation (Municipal government) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Regional planning -- Virginia -- Richmond Metropolitan Area."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["18.2 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["18.2 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for use without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials arranged in chronological order. The collection has been weeded and arranged as closely as possible to reflect the separate legal actions involved in the annexation of Chesterfield County and subsequent legal actions. Since the processing has occurred over time many of the folder headings do not accurately reflect the contents of the folders. The guide headings and folder numbers correspond to the actual folder numbers and contents. Although mistakes in arrangement have probably been made (there are some marked Holt III and IV for which there is no description) considerable effort has been expended to make the materials understandable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials arranged in chronological order. The collection has been weeded and arranged as closely as possible to reflect the separate legal actions involved in the annexation of Chesterfield County and subsequent legal actions. Since the processing has occurred over time many of the folder headings do not accurately reflect the contents of the folders. The guide headings and folder numbers correspond to the actual folder numbers and contents. Although mistakes in arrangement have probably been made (there are some marked Holt III and IV for which there is no description) considerable effort has been expended to make the materials understandable."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe legal battles fought over the 1970 Richmond annexation are considered by many observers, including attorneys in the U.S. Justice Department, as the most complex, prolonged, and far-reaching of any legal action triggered by municipal boundary expansion. For the Richmond power structure, the Holt suits quickly became much more than minor irritants. They had the potential to radically change the city's political landscape. What in past years involved fairly simple and straightforward strategies designed to maintain the political status quo now required, given the sophisticated legal challenges that Curtis Holt mounted against the city, equally sophisticated legal responses. The long cycle of action-response-reaction that characterized the sequence of events in the he courts was emotionally draining on both the participants and the observers. The information generated by the tedious research undertaken by attorneys for each side of the suits and by consultants versed in urban and regional planning, economics, and public administration, plus the lengthy depositions and courtroom hearings was comparable to that of a small library. The legal battle was made more complicated by the intricate routes traveled by the litigants and the fact that the routes at different points crossed each other, ran parallel to each other, and diverged at right angles. Journalists covering the cases over the years were hard pressed to summarize the proceedings in an intelligible fashion, as each year one case became more complicated or else was set aside as another equally complex case, was begun.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe litigation began in February 1971 was Curtis Holt initiated his first suit contesting the annexation on constitutional grounds, and concluded over five and a half years later in November 1976 following a second Holt suit and a suit brought by the city. Litigation over annexation led to a U.S. Supreme Court order suspending local elections in Richmond that lasted five years and enabled the 1970 council, which was to serve until 1972, to continue in power for almost seven years. The arguments surrounding the various suits were presented to six different judicial bodies, the U.S. District Court in Richmond, a three judge district court in Richmond, a three judge district court in Washington, D.C., a Special Master in Washington, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals, and the U.S. Supreme Court...Holt's first suit (Holt I) against the city was successfully argued before the U.S. District Court in Richmond. The city, however, was successful in overturning the decision in the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals. Holt's response was an appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court, but the high court denied the writ.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrior to the termination of the first suit, Holt brought a second suit (Holt II) against the city. Holt II was stayed by the federal court, though no before the Supreme Court had enjoined further city council elections. What prevented Holt II from moving forward was a suit which the city filed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The city's suit was itself complex, notwithstanding the confusion which was generated by the combination of the city's suit, Holt I, and Holt II. The city's suit was brought before a special three judge District Court in Washington which referred it to a Special Master for hearings and recommendations. Upon receiving the recommendation of the Master, the Washington court ruled against the city. The city appealed to the Supreme Court where, by Unanimous vote, the justices held that there was racial motive for the annexation. The Court also ruled, however, that, given the single-member council districts (Richmond had developed such a plan) and justifiable reasons such as economic or administrative benefits reaped by the city from the annexed area, the city could retain the annexed area. But, the city had to prove that such justifiable reasons existed and, moreover, had to revert to ward representation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Supreme Court returned the case to the Washington District Court to determine whether verifiable reasons did exist. The Washington Court, once again, referred the case to the Special Master. The Master found that the city could prove that it received economic and administrative benefits from the annexed area and recommended, therefore, that the city retain the area. The Washington Court agreed with the recommendation of the Master and affirmed the annexation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter conferring with members of the city's black community and deciding that appeals and other legal action were only delaying the reinstatement of councilmanic elections, Holt did not appeal the decision to the Supreme Court...With the City's suit resolved, the injunction against elections were lifted and local elections were called for March 1, 1977. Furthermore, Holt II, which was stayed pending the outcome of the city's suit, was withdrawn by the Richmond District Court upon the request of both the city and Curtis Holt. -Excerpted from The Politics of Annexation, p. 11-14.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The legal battles fought over the 1970 Richmond annexation are considered by many observers, including attorneys in the U.S. Justice Department, as the most complex, prolonged, and far-reaching of any legal action triggered by municipal boundary expansion. For the Richmond power structure, the Holt suits quickly became much more than minor irritants. They had the potential to radically change the city's political landscape. What in past years involved fairly simple and straightforward strategies designed to maintain the political status quo now required, given the sophisticated legal challenges that Curtis Holt mounted against the city, equally sophisticated legal responses. The long cycle of action-response-reaction that characterized the sequence of events in the he courts was emotionally draining on both the participants and the observers. The information generated by the tedious research undertaken by attorneys for each side of the suits and by consultants versed in urban and regional planning, economics, and public administration, plus the lengthy depositions and courtroom hearings was comparable to that of a small library. The legal battle was made more complicated by the intricate routes traveled by the litigants and the fact that the routes at different points crossed each other, ran parallel to each other, and diverged at right angles. Journalists covering the cases over the years were hard pressed to summarize the proceedings in an intelligible fashion, as each year one case became more complicated or else was set aside as another equally complex case, was begun.","The litigation began in February 1971 was Curtis Holt initiated his first suit contesting the annexation on constitutional grounds, and concluded over five and a half years later in November 1976 following a second Holt suit and a suit brought by the city. Litigation over annexation led to a U.S. Supreme Court order suspending local elections in Richmond that lasted five years and enabled the 1970 council, which was to serve until 1972, to continue in power for almost seven years. The arguments surrounding the various suits were presented to six different judicial bodies, the U.S. District Court in Richmond, a three judge district court in Richmond, a three judge district court in Washington, D.C., a Special Master in Washington, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals, and the U.S. Supreme Court...Holt's first suit (Holt I) against the city was successfully argued before the U.S. District Court in Richmond. The city, however, was successful in overturning the decision in the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals. Holt's response was an appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court, but the high court denied the writ.","Prior to the termination of the first suit, Holt brought a second suit (Holt II) against the city. Holt II was stayed by the federal court, though no before the Supreme Court had enjoined further city council elections. What prevented Holt II from moving forward was a suit which the city filed.","\"The city's suit was itself complex, notwithstanding the confusion which was generated by the combination of the city's suit, Holt I, and Holt II. The city's suit was brought before a special three judge District Court in Washington which referred it to a Special Master for hearings and recommendations. Upon receiving the recommendation of the Master, the Washington court ruled against the city. The city appealed to the Supreme Court where, by Unanimous vote, the justices held that there was racial motive for the annexation. The Court also ruled, however, that, given the single-member council districts (Richmond had developed such a plan) and justifiable reasons such as economic or administrative benefits reaped by the city from the annexed area, the city could retain the annexed area. But, the city had to prove that such justifiable reasons existed and, moreover, had to revert to ward representation.","The Supreme Court returned the case to the Washington District Court to determine whether verifiable reasons did exist. The Washington Court, once again, referred the case to the Special Master. The Master found that the city could prove that it received economic and administrative benefits from the annexed area and recommended, therefore, that the city retain the area. The Washington Court agreed with the recommendation of the Master and affirmed the annexation.","After conferring with members of the city's black community and deciding that appeals and other legal action were only delaying the reinstatement of councilmanic elections, Holt did not appeal the decision to the Supreme Court...With the City's suit resolved, the injunction against elections were lifted and local elections were called for March 1, 1977. Furthermore, Holt II, which was stayed pending the outcome of the city's suit, was withdrawn by the Richmond District Court upon the request of both the city and Curtis Holt. -Excerpted from The Politics of Annexation, p. 11-14."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Richmond Annexation Files, M 183, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Richmond Annexation Files, M 183, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials cover the period 1942 to 1976 with the majority of the collection focusing on the period 1969-1975. Primarily notes, briefs, motions, replies and questions, the documents reflect the scope of the annexation trials of the 1970s of the City of Richmond. A large portion of the materials are not dated and others, because of the interdependency of the multiple trials described above, are as easily placed in one series as another. Documentation that may be of interest aside from the trial proceedings include; comparative population studies, master plans, financial reports for the City of Richmond, school board budgets and reports, and city budgets.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials cover the period 1942 to 1976 with the majority of the collection focusing on the period 1969-1975. Primarily notes, briefs, motions, replies and questions, the documents reflect the scope of the annexation trials of the 1970s of the City of Richmond. A large portion of the materials are not dated and others, because of the interdependency of the multiple trials described above, are as easily placed in one series as another. Documentation that may be of interest aside from the trial proceedings include; comparative population studies, master plans, financial reports for the City of Richmond, school board budgets and reports, and city budgets."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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Peeples, Jr. papers","Broad Subject Areas","Race"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Edward H. Peeples, Jr. papers","Broad Subject Areas","Race"],"text":["Edward H. Peeples, Jr. papers","Broad Subject Areas","Race","White Supremacy Groups - articles, flyers","box 14","folder 42"],"title_filing_ssi":"White Supremacy Groups - articles, flyers","title_ssm":["White Supremacy Groups - articles, flyers"],"title_tesim":["White Supremacy Groups - articles, flyers"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1962, 1969, 1972"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1962/1972"],"normalized_title_ssm":["White Supremacy Groups - articles, flyers"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Edward H. Peeples, Jr. papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":415,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research; however, some materials are restricted. Please consult Special Collections and Archives staff for details."],"date_range_isim":[1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972],"containers_ssim":["box 14","folder 42"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#8/components#87","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:14:44.484Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_158","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_158","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_158","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_158","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_158.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Peeples, Edward H., Jr.,  Papers","title_ssm":["Edward H. Peeples, Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["Edward H. Peeples, Jr. papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1915, 1920-2005"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915, 1920-2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 342","/repositories/5/resources/158"],"text":["M 342","/repositories/5/resources/158","Edward H. Peeples, Jr. papers","Segregation in education -- History -- Virginia -- Prince Edward County","Hurricane Camille, 1969.","Public health -- History -- 20th century -- United States","Medicine, Preventive -- History -- 20th century -- United States","Civil rights movements -- United States -- 20th century","Collection is open to research; however, some materials are restricted. Please consult Special Collections and Archives staff for details.","The collection is arranged into four series. I. Professional and Biographical (materials related to Dr. Peeples' work as a research professor) -- II. Broad Subject Areas (thirteen major topics randing from race to preventative medicine) -- III. Miscellaneous Topics -- IV. Miscellaneous audio and visual materials (slides, audio and video recordings, phonographs, photographs), publications, ephemera, and oversize materials.","Dr. Edward H. Peeples, Jr. is Emeritus Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine and Community Health at Virginia Commonwealth University where he taught for more than thirty years. Peeples made most of his academic contributions in the fields of medical behavioral science, public health, epidemiology and sociology. But much of his research and writing dealt with contemporary issues of social justice and he spent most of his adult life as a civil rights advocate involved in a variety of human rights reforms in Virginia and other places across the south.","Born in Richmond on 20 April 1935, Peeples received a B.S. in Health and Physical Education from Richmond Professional Institute (now VCU) in 1957. He began his civil rights activity in 1955 while a student at RPI. In late 1959, soon after being discharged from the US Navy, he became a volunteer with the American Friends Service Committee in Prince Edward County, Virginia which had closed its public schools rather than racially integrate them. In February 1960, he participated in the first of Richmond's lunch counter sit-ins. He later did extensive field work and interviewing in Prince Edward which led to his Masters thesis, A Perspective on the Prince Edward County Virginia School Issue, at the University of Pennsylvania in 1963. From this he produced several documents, some of which were later incorporated into reports and briefings for the United States Commission on Civil Rights; the U.S. Department of Justice; and the U.S. Office of Education in their efforts to find a resolution to the Prince Edward County school closing issue.","Peeples received a M.A. in Human Relations (Intergroup Relations) from the University of Pennsylvania in 1963; and a Ph.D. from the University of Kentucky in Sociology with a Concentration in Medical Behavioral Science in 1972. He began his teaching career at the Medical College of Virginia and the Richmond Professional Institute in 1963, prior to their merger in 1968 forming Virginia Commonwealth University. During his long academic career, Dr. Peeples taught, conducted research, consulted and published in the fields of medical behavioral science (behavioral factors governing clinical practice in the helping professions), behavioral epidemiology (behavioral causes, complications and consequences of disease, injury and disability), public health and community medicine, violence prevention, research methodology, intergroup relations (including race and ethnic relations and minority health), and sociology.","He was appointed by the Richmond City Council in the early 1980s to the Commission on Human Relations where he was elected both Vice-Chair and Chairman and also was appointed to the Richmond Environmental Commission in the early 1990s. Since his retirement in October 1995, Peeples has continued his efforts to help document the struggle for Civil Rights in Virginia and has worked with historians, researchers, numerous repositories, and with the Martin Luther King, Jr. Commission of the Virginia General Assembly. He is married and has four daughters and two grandchildren.","Higher Education:\nPh.D., University of Kentucky, 1972, Concentration in Medical Behavioral Science, major: Sociology, minor: Anthropology. Dissertation: Rank Differentiation and Somatic Disease: A Systematically Derived Inventory of Propositions\nM.A., University of Pennsylvania, 1963, Human Relations (Intergroup Relations). Thesis: The Prince Edward County Virginia School Issue\nB.S., Virginia Commonwealth University (formally Richmond Professional Institute), 1957, Health and Physical Education, Honor Graduate Award for Leadership, Outstanding Senior Athlete Award, 1956-57.","Academic Appointments at Virginia Commonwealth University:\n1995-present Associate Professor Emeritus of Preventive Medicine and Community Health\n1976-1995\tAssociate Professor of Preventive Medicine, Dept. of Preventive Medicine and Community Health (DPMCH) and Department of Biostatistics\n1991-1992\tScholar-in-Residence, University Honors Program\n1991-1995\tFaculty Research Associate, Center for Public Service\n1972-1976\tAssistant Professor of Preventive Medicine, DPMCH\n1968-1972\tAssistant Professor of Sociology and Preventive Medicine, Departments of Sociology/Anthropology and DPMCH\n1963-1965\tInstructor in Sociology, School of Nursing, Medical College of Virginia\n1963-1964\tInstructor in Sociology, Richmond Professional Institute, part-time","Academic Appointments at Other Institutions:\n1985-1986\tLecturer in Medical Sociology, University of Richmond, part-time\n1967-1968\tInstructor in Medical Sociology, Dept. of Behavioral Science, Colleges of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington","Please also see an additional collection of Peeples' materials:   M 68 Edward H. Peeples, Jr. papers","This collection consists of Dr. Peeples' studies in the field of hunger, poverty, and racial issues in the United States and abroad (South Africa). There is considerable information on the fight for integration in Virginia in the 1960s, including materials associated with the Prince Edward County school issue in the late 1950s and early 1960s.","Please note: this collection contains materials that use insensitive or offensive language. To represent the resource as accurately as possible, the staff has transcribed the titles exactly as they appear on the archival material or objects.","The Papers of Dr. Edward J. Peeples document his long career in education and public health and his activities as a promoter of social justice and human rights reforms in Virginia and other places across the South. The collection is especially strong in the areas of race and discrimination, poverty, public health and school inequality from the 1950s through the 1980s including materials relating to the closing of public schools in Virginia's Prince Edward County. Other subject areas include the early history of Virginia Commonwealth University (1967-early 1970s) and various programs associated with the University, human relations in Richmond and Virginia, and the aftermath of Hurricane Camille (1969). ","The materials in the collection include a large of amount of correspondence, reports, and publications. Also included in the collection are newspaper and journal clippings, photographs (many of Prince Edward County and other areas in Virginia taken by Dr. Peeples), slides, phonograph records, and other materials. The bulk of the collection dates from 1950s through 2005. ","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Richmond Professional Institute -- Alumni and alumnae","Virginia Commonwealth University -- Faculty","Peeples, Edward H. (Edward Harden)","Peeples, Edward H. (Edward Harden) -- Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 342","/repositories/5/resources/158"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Edward H. Peeples, Jr. papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Edward H. Peeples, Jr. papers"],"collection_ssim":["Edward H. Peeples, Jr. papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Peeples, Edward H. (Edward Harden)"],"creator_ssim":["Peeples, Edward H. (Edward Harden)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Peeples, Edward H. (Edward Harden)"],"creators_ssim":["Peeples, Edward H. (Edward Harden)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Segregation in education -- History -- Virginia -- Prince Edward County","Hurricane Camille, 1969.","Public health -- History -- 20th century -- United States","Medicine, Preventive -- History -- 20th century -- United States","Civil rights movements -- United States -- 20th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Segregation in education -- History -- Virginia -- Prince Edward County","Hurricane Camille, 1969.","Public health -- History -- 20th century -- United States","Medicine, Preventive -- History -- 20th century -- United States","Civil rights movements -- United States -- 20th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["33 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["33 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research; however, some materials are restricted. Please consult Special Collections and Archives staff for details.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research; however, some materials are restricted. Please consult Special Collections and Archives staff for details."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four series. I. Professional and Biographical (materials related to Dr. Peeples' work as a research professor) -- II. Broad Subject Areas (thirteen major topics randing from race to preventative medicine) -- III. Miscellaneous Topics -- IV. Miscellaneous audio and visual materials (slides, audio and video recordings, phonographs, photographs), publications, ephemera, and oversize materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four series. I. Professional and Biographical (materials related to Dr. Peeples' work as a research professor) -- II. Broad Subject Areas (thirteen major topics randing from race to preventative medicine) -- III. Miscellaneous Topics -- IV. Miscellaneous audio and visual materials (slides, audio and video recordings, phonographs, photographs), publications, ephemera, and oversize materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Edward H. Peeples, Jr. is Emeritus Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine and Community Health at Virginia Commonwealth University where he taught for more than thirty years. Peeples made most of his academic contributions in the fields of medical behavioral science, public health, epidemiology and sociology. But much of his research and writing dealt with contemporary issues of social justice and he spent most of his adult life as a civil rights advocate involved in a variety of human rights reforms in Virginia and other places across the south.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn in Richmond on 20 April 1935, Peeples received a B.S. in Health and Physical Education from Richmond Professional Institute (now VCU) in 1957. He began his civil rights activity in 1955 while a student at RPI. In late 1959, soon after being discharged from the US Navy, he became a volunteer with the American Friends Service Committee in Prince Edward County, Virginia which had closed its public schools rather than racially integrate them. In February 1960, he participated in the first of Richmond's lunch counter sit-ins. He later did extensive field work and interviewing in Prince Edward which led to his Masters thesis, A Perspective on the Prince Edward County Virginia School Issue, at the University of Pennsylvania in 1963. From this he produced several documents, some of which were later incorporated into reports and briefings for the United States Commission on Civil Rights; the U.S. Department of Justice; and the U.S. Office of Education in their efforts to find a resolution to the Prince Edward County school closing issue.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePeeples received a M.A. in Human Relations (Intergroup Relations) from the University of Pennsylvania in 1963; and a Ph.D. from the University of Kentucky in Sociology with a Concentration in Medical Behavioral Science in 1972. He began his teaching career at the Medical College of Virginia and the Richmond Professional Institute in 1963, prior to their merger in 1968 forming Virginia Commonwealth University. During his long academic career, Dr. Peeples taught, conducted research, consulted and published in the fields of medical behavioral science (behavioral factors governing clinical practice in the helping professions), behavioral epidemiology (behavioral causes, complications and consequences of disease, injury and disability), public health and community medicine, violence prevention, research methodology, intergroup relations (including race and ethnic relations and minority health), and sociology.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe was appointed by the Richmond City Council in the early 1980s to the Commission on Human Relations where he was elected both Vice-Chair and Chairman and also was appointed to the Richmond Environmental Commission in the early 1990s. Since his retirement in October 1995, Peeples has continued his efforts to help document the struggle for Civil Rights in Virginia and has worked with historians, researchers, numerous repositories, and with the Martin Luther King, Jr. Commission of the Virginia General Assembly. He is married and has four daughters and two grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHigher Education:\nPh.D., University of Kentucky, 1972, Concentration in Medical Behavioral Science, major: Sociology, minor: Anthropology. Dissertation: Rank Differentiation and Somatic Disease: A Systematically Derived Inventory of Propositions\nM.A., University of Pennsylvania, 1963, Human Relations (Intergroup Relations). Thesis: The Prince Edward County Virginia School Issue\nB.S., Virginia Commonwealth University (formally Richmond Professional Institute), 1957, Health and Physical Education, Honor Graduate Award for Leadership, Outstanding Senior Athlete Award, 1956-57.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAcademic Appointments at Virginia Commonwealth University:\n1995-present Associate Professor Emeritus of Preventive Medicine and Community Health\n1976-1995\tAssociate Professor of Preventive Medicine, Dept. of Preventive Medicine and Community Health (DPMCH) and Department of Biostatistics\n1991-1992\tScholar-in-Residence, University Honors Program\n1991-1995\tFaculty Research Associate, Center for Public Service\n1972-1976\tAssistant Professor of Preventive Medicine, DPMCH\n1968-1972\tAssistant Professor of Sociology and Preventive Medicine, Departments of Sociology/Anthropology and DPMCH\n1963-1965\tInstructor in Sociology, School of Nursing, Medical College of Virginia\n1963-1964\tInstructor in Sociology, Richmond Professional Institute, part-time\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAcademic Appointments at Other Institutions:\n1985-1986\tLecturer in Medical Sociology, University of Richmond, part-time\n1967-1968\tInstructor in Medical Sociology, Dept. of Behavioral Science, Colleges of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Edward H. Peeples, Jr. is Emeritus Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine and Community Health at Virginia Commonwealth University where he taught for more than thirty years. Peeples made most of his academic contributions in the fields of medical behavioral science, public health, epidemiology and sociology. But much of his research and writing dealt with contemporary issues of social justice and he spent most of his adult life as a civil rights advocate involved in a variety of human rights reforms in Virginia and other places across the south.","Born in Richmond on 20 April 1935, Peeples received a B.S. in Health and Physical Education from Richmond Professional Institute (now VCU) in 1957. He began his civil rights activity in 1955 while a student at RPI. In late 1959, soon after being discharged from the US Navy, he became a volunteer with the American Friends Service Committee in Prince Edward County, Virginia which had closed its public schools rather than racially integrate them. In February 1960, he participated in the first of Richmond's lunch counter sit-ins. He later did extensive field work and interviewing in Prince Edward which led to his Masters thesis, A Perspective on the Prince Edward County Virginia School Issue, at the University of Pennsylvania in 1963. From this he produced several documents, some of which were later incorporated into reports and briefings for the United States Commission on Civil Rights; the U.S. Department of Justice; and the U.S. Office of Education in their efforts to find a resolution to the Prince Edward County school closing issue.","Peeples received a M.A. in Human Relations (Intergroup Relations) from the University of Pennsylvania in 1963; and a Ph.D. from the University of Kentucky in Sociology with a Concentration in Medical Behavioral Science in 1972. He began his teaching career at the Medical College of Virginia and the Richmond Professional Institute in 1963, prior to their merger in 1968 forming Virginia Commonwealth University. During his long academic career, Dr. Peeples taught, conducted research, consulted and published in the fields of medical behavioral science (behavioral factors governing clinical practice in the helping professions), behavioral epidemiology (behavioral causes, complications and consequences of disease, injury and disability), public health and community medicine, violence prevention, research methodology, intergroup relations (including race and ethnic relations and minority health), and sociology.","He was appointed by the Richmond City Council in the early 1980s to the Commission on Human Relations where he was elected both Vice-Chair and Chairman and also was appointed to the Richmond Environmental Commission in the early 1990s. Since his retirement in October 1995, Peeples has continued his efforts to help document the struggle for Civil Rights in Virginia and has worked with historians, researchers, numerous repositories, and with the Martin Luther King, Jr. Commission of the Virginia General Assembly. He is married and has four daughters and two grandchildren.","Higher Education:\nPh.D., University of Kentucky, 1972, Concentration in Medical Behavioral Science, major: Sociology, minor: Anthropology. Dissertation: Rank Differentiation and Somatic Disease: A Systematically Derived Inventory of Propositions\nM.A., University of Pennsylvania, 1963, Human Relations (Intergroup Relations). Thesis: The Prince Edward County Virginia School Issue\nB.S., Virginia Commonwealth University (formally Richmond Professional Institute), 1957, Health and Physical Education, Honor Graduate Award for Leadership, Outstanding Senior Athlete Award, 1956-57.","Academic Appointments at Virginia Commonwealth University:\n1995-present Associate Professor Emeritus of Preventive Medicine and Community Health\n1976-1995\tAssociate Professor of Preventive Medicine, Dept. of Preventive Medicine and Community Health (DPMCH) and Department of Biostatistics\n1991-1992\tScholar-in-Residence, University Honors Program\n1991-1995\tFaculty Research Associate, Center for Public Service\n1972-1976\tAssistant Professor of Preventive Medicine, DPMCH\n1968-1972\tAssistant Professor of Sociology and Preventive Medicine, Departments of Sociology/Anthropology and DPMCH\n1963-1965\tInstructor in Sociology, School of Nursing, Medical College of Virginia\n1963-1964\tInstructor in Sociology, Richmond Professional Institute, part-time","Academic Appointments at Other Institutions:\n1985-1986\tLecturer in Medical Sociology, University of Richmond, part-time\n1967-1968\tInstructor in Medical Sociology, Dept. of Behavioral Science, Colleges of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdward H. Peeples, Jr., Collection Number M 342, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Edward H. Peeples, Jr., Collection Number M 342, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePlease also see an additional collection of Peeples' materials: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://archives.library.vcu.edu/repositories/5/resources/273\"\u003e M 68 Edward H. Peeples, Jr. papers\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of Dr. Peeples' studies in the field of hunger, poverty, and racial issues in the United States and abroad (South Africa). There is considerable information on the fight for integration in Virginia in the 1960s, including materials associated with the Prince Edward County school issue in the late 1950s and early 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Please also see an additional collection of Peeples' materials:   M 68 Edward H. Peeples, Jr. papers","This collection consists of Dr. Peeples' studies in the field of hunger, poverty, and racial issues in the United States and abroad (South Africa). There is considerable information on the fight for integration in Virginia in the 1960s, including materials associated with the Prince Edward County school issue in the late 1950s and early 1960s."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePlease note: this collection contains materials that use insensitive or offensive language. To represent the resource as accurately as possible, the staff has transcribed the titles exactly as they appear on the archival material or objects.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of Dr. Edward J. Peeples document his long career in education and public health and his activities as a promoter of social justice and human rights reforms in Virginia and other places across the South. The collection is especially strong in the areas of race and discrimination, poverty, public health and school inequality from the 1950s through the 1980s including materials relating to the closing of public schools in Virginia's Prince Edward County. Other subject areas include the early history of Virginia Commonwealth University (1967-early 1970s) and various programs associated with the University, human relations in Richmond and Virginia, and the aftermath of Hurricane Camille (1969). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in the collection include a large of amount of correspondence, reports, and publications. Also included in the collection are newspaper and journal clippings, photographs (many of Prince Edward County and other areas in Virginia taken by Dr. Peeples), slides, phonograph records, and other materials. The bulk of the collection dates from 1950s through 2005. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Please note: this collection contains materials that use insensitive or offensive language. To represent the resource as accurately as possible, the staff has transcribed the titles exactly as they appear on the archival material or objects.","The Papers of Dr. Edward J. Peeples document his long career in education and public health and his activities as a promoter of social justice and human rights reforms in Virginia and other places across the South. The collection is especially strong in the areas of race and discrimination, poverty, public health and school inequality from the 1950s through the 1980s including materials relating to the closing of public schools in Virginia's Prince Edward County. Other subject areas include the early history of Virginia Commonwealth University (1967-early 1970s) and various programs associated with the University, human relations in Richmond and Virginia, and the aftermath of Hurricane Camille (1969). ","The materials in the collection include a large of amount of correspondence, reports, and publications. Also included in the collection are newspaper and journal clippings, photographs (many of Prince Edward County and other areas in Virginia taken by Dr. Peeples), slides, phonograph records, and other materials. The bulk of the collection dates from 1950s through 2005. "],"names_coll_ssim":["Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Richmond Professional Institute -- Alumni and alumnae","Virginia Commonwealth University -- Faculty","Peeples, Edward H. (Edward Harden) -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Richmond Professional Institute -- Alumni and alumnae","Virginia Commonwealth University -- Faculty","Peeples, Edward H. (Edward Harden)","Peeples, Edward H. (Edward Harden) -- Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Richmond Professional Institute -- Alumni and alumnae","Virginia Commonwealth University -- Faculty"],"persname_ssim":["Peeples, Edward H. (Edward Harden)","Peeples, Edward H. 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Cabell fundraised to restore the late-19th century Confederate Chapel located behind what is now the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Margaret Freeman Cabell continued to actively advance the literary legacy of James Branch Cabell following his death in 1958. Through the 1960s and 1970s, she co-edited  Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others , founded the James Branch Cabell Society, and encouraged scholars to write about and research James Branch Cabell. ","In the late 1960s, Margaret Freeman Cabell arranged for the donation of James Branch Cabell's personal library to Virginia Commonwealth University. Soon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors. Margaret Cabell additionally advocated for the donation of books and materials to Cabell Library's Special Collections and Archives department. Cabell died in Richmond, Virginia on March 28, 1983.","The Margaret Waller Freeman Cabell papers date from 1910 to 1982 and consist of papers and memorabilia from the activities of Cabell, James Branch Cabell, Ballard Hartwell Cabell, and other family members. The bulk of the collection contains correspondence between Margaret Freeman Cabell, James Branch Cabell, and their friends, colleagues, and business associates.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Cabell, Margaret Freeman, 1893-1983","Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","English \n.    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Margaret Freeman Cabell continued to actively advance the literary legacy of James Branch Cabell following his death in 1958. Through the 1960s and 1970s, she co-edited \u003ctitle\u003eBetween Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others\u003c/title\u003e, founded the James Branch Cabell Society, and encouraged scholars to write about and research James Branch Cabell. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1960s, Margaret Freeman Cabell arranged for the donation of James Branch Cabell's personal library to Virginia Commonwealth University. Soon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors. Margaret Cabell additionally advocated for the donation of books and materials to Cabell Library's Special Collections and Archives department. Cabell died in Richmond, Virginia on March 28, 1983.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Margaret Waller Freeman Cabell (1893-1983) was an interior decorator, founding editor of  The Reviewer , and supporter of the arts. ","Born in Richmond, Virginia on August 29, 1893, Cabell graduated from Miss Jennie Ellett's School (now St. Catherine's School) and in the 1920s became one of the founding editors and the business manager of the Richmond-based literary magazine  The Reviewer . During the 20s, Cabell also briefly studied interior design in Paris which would later lead to her operating a New York City-based interior decorating studio under the name Waller Freeman. Following her time at  The Reviewer , Cabell went on to receive training as a nurse. During World War II, she helped run the servicemen entertainment venue The Stage Door Canteen in Washington, D.C.","In 1950 Margaret Waller Freeman married Richmond author James Branch Cabell in Richmond and gained Ballard Hartwell Cabell as a step-son. She supported the arts and was an active member of many Richmond civic organizations including the Woman's Club of Richmond, the Colonial Dames of America, and the United Daughters of the Confederacy. Cabell fundraised to restore the late-19th century Confederate Chapel located behind what is now the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Margaret Freeman Cabell continued to actively advance the literary legacy of James Branch Cabell following his death in 1958. Through the 1960s and 1970s, she co-edited  Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others , founded the James Branch Cabell Society, and encouraged scholars to write about and research James Branch Cabell. ","In the late 1960s, Margaret Freeman Cabell arranged for the donation of James Branch Cabell's personal library to Virginia Commonwealth University. Soon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors. Margaret Cabell additionally advocated for the donation of books and materials to Cabell Library's Special Collections and Archives department. Cabell died in Richmond, Virginia on March 28, 1983."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Margaret Freeman Cabell Papers, M 228, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Margaret Freeman Cabell Papers, M 228, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Margaret Waller Freeman Cabell papers date from 1910 to 1982 and consist of papers and memorabilia from the activities of Cabell, James Branch Cabell, Ballard Hartwell Cabell, and other family members. 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Cabell fundraised to restore the late-19th century Confederate Chapel located behind what is now the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Margaret Freeman Cabell continued to actively advance the literary legacy of James Branch Cabell following his death in 1958. Through the 1960s and 1970s, she co-edited  Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others , founded the James Branch Cabell Society, and encouraged scholars to write about and research James Branch Cabell. ","In the late 1960s, Margaret Freeman Cabell arranged for the donation of James Branch Cabell's personal library to Virginia Commonwealth University. Soon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. 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Series I-- Personal Correspondence [includes letters to James Branch Cabell and both Mrs. Cabells] (1866-1978) Series II--Miscellaneous (1950-1975) Series III--Personal Material (1948- 1953) Series IV--Organizational Correspondence (1923-1977) Series V--World War I Correspondence [MWF] (1917-1927) Series VI--Plays and Creative Writings (1920-33) Series VII-- Margaret Waller Freeman Correpondence (with sub-series Client Correspondence and Confederate Chapel Correspondence) (1931-1973) Series VIII--John Brightwell Freeman Papers (1930-1968) Series IX--John Middleton Freeman Papers (undated) Series XII--Oversize Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMargaret Waller Freeman Cabell (1893-1983) was an interior decorator, founding editor of \u003ctitle\u003eThe Reviewer\u003c/title\u003e, and supporter of the arts. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn in Richmond, Virginia on August 29, 1893, Cabell graduated from Miss Jennie Ellett's School (now St. Catherine's School) and in the 1920s became one of the founding editors and the business manager of the Richmond-based literary magazine \u003ctitle\u003eThe Reviewer\u003c/title\u003e. During the 20s, Cabell also briefly studied interior design in Paris which would later lead to her operating a New York City-based interior decorating studio under the name Waller Freeman. Following her time at \u003ctitle\u003eThe Reviewer\u003c/title\u003e, Cabell went on to receive training as a nurse. During World War II, she helped run the servicemen entertainment venue The Stage Door Canteen in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1950 Margaret Waller Freeman married Richmond author James Branch Cabell in Richmond and gained Ballard Hartwell Cabell as a step-son. She supported the arts and was an active member of many Richmond civic organizations including the Woman's Club of Richmond, the Colonial Dames of America, and the United Daughters of the Confederacy. Cabell fundraised to restore the late-19th century Confederate Chapel located behind what is now the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Margaret Freeman Cabell continued to actively advance the literary legacy of James Branch Cabell following his death in 1958. Through the 1960s and 1970s, she co-edited \u003ctitle\u003eBetween Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others\u003c/title\u003e, founded the James Branch Cabell Society, and encouraged scholars to write about and research James Branch Cabell. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1960s, Margaret Freeman Cabell arranged for the donation of James Branch Cabell's personal library to Virginia Commonwealth University. Soon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors. Margaret Cabell additionally advocated for the donation of books and materials to Cabell Library's Special Collections and Archives department. Cabell died in Richmond, Virginia on March 28, 1983.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Margaret Waller Freeman Cabell (1893-1983) was an interior decorator, founding editor of  The Reviewer , and supporter of the arts. ","Born in Richmond, Virginia on August 29, 1893, Cabell graduated from Miss Jennie Ellett's School (now St. Catherine's School) and in the 1920s became one of the founding editors and the business manager of the Richmond-based literary magazine  The Reviewer . During the 20s, Cabell also briefly studied interior design in Paris which would later lead to her operating a New York City-based interior decorating studio under the name Waller Freeman. Following her time at  The Reviewer , Cabell went on to receive training as a nurse. During World War II, she helped run the servicemen entertainment venue The Stage Door Canteen in Washington, D.C.","In 1950 Margaret Waller Freeman married Richmond author James Branch Cabell in Richmond and gained Ballard Hartwell Cabell as a step-son. She supported the arts and was an active member of many Richmond civic organizations including the Woman's Club of Richmond, the Colonial Dames of America, and the United Daughters of the Confederacy. Cabell fundraised to restore the late-19th century Confederate Chapel located behind what is now the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Margaret Freeman Cabell continued to actively advance the literary legacy of James Branch Cabell following his death in 1958. Through the 1960s and 1970s, she co-edited  Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others , founded the James Branch Cabell Society, and encouraged scholars to write about and research James Branch Cabell. ","In the late 1960s, Margaret Freeman Cabell arranged for the donation of James Branch Cabell's personal library to Virginia Commonwealth University. Soon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors. Margaret Cabell additionally advocated for the donation of books and materials to Cabell Library's Special Collections and Archives department. Cabell died in Richmond, Virginia on March 28, 1983."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Margaret Freeman Cabell Papers, M 228, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Margaret Freeman Cabell Papers, M 228, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Margaret Waller Freeman Cabell papers date from 1910 to 1982 and consist of papers and memorabilia from the activities of Cabell, James Branch Cabell, Ballard Hartwell Cabell, and other family members. The bulk of the collection contains correspondence between Margaret Freeman Cabell, James Branch Cabell, and their friends, colleagues, and business associates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Margaret Waller Freeman Cabell papers date from 1910 to 1982 and consist of papers and memorabilia from the activities of Cabell, James Branch Cabell, Ballard Hartwell Cabell, and other family members. The bulk of the collection contains correspondence between Margaret Freeman Cabell, James Branch Cabell, and their friends, colleagues, and business associates."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Terms Governing Use and Reproduction"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Cabell, Margaret Freeman, 1893-1983","Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cabell, Margaret Freeman, 1893-1983","Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958"],"persname_ssim":["Cabell, Margaret Freeman, 1893-1983","Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1476,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:02.500Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_100_c04_c306"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01_c249_c25","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Wider Opportunities","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01_c249_c25#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01_c249_c25","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01_c249_c25"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01_c249_c25","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01_c249","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01_c249","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06","vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01","vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01_c249"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06","vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01","vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01_c249"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records","Series 6: Photographs, Scrapbooks, Audio/Visual","6.1 Photographs","Photographs"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records","Series 6: Photographs, Scrapbooks, Audio/Visual","6.1 Photographs","Photographs"],"text":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records","Series 6: Photographs, Scrapbooks, Audio/Visual","6.1 Photographs","Photographs","Wider Opportunities","box 28","folder 9"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wider Opportunities","title_ssm":["Wider Opportunities"],"title_tesim":["Wider Opportunities"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1970-1979"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/1979"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wider Opportunities"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":789,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979],"containers_ssim":["box 28","folder 9"],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#0/components#248/components#24","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:37.796Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_600.xml","title_ssm":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records"],"title_tesim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1910-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1910-2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 400","/repositories/5/resources/600"],"text":["M 400","/repositories/5/resources/600","Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records","The collection is open for research.","The collection has been arranged into nine series. Further information on the series, their contents and organization can be found in the Scope and Content note.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials \n Subseries:\n 1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents  1.2 Reports 1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes 1.4 Financial 1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond 1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials 1.7 History 1.8 Administrator's Materials 1.9 Other Councils","\nSeries 2: Camps\n Subseries:\t\n 2.1 Camp Administration Materials 2.2 General Camp Materials 2.3 Camp Materials \nSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Series 4: Programming and Events\n Subseries:\n 4.1 Anniversary Materials  4.2 Regional Conferences  4.3 National Conferences and Conventions  4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials  \nSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and A/V\n Subseries:\n 6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums  6.2 Slides  6.3 Scrapbooks  6.4 Audio-Visual \n \nSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\n Subseries:\n 7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records  7.2 Uniforms and Textiles  \t\nSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\nSubseries: \n 8.1 Artifacts 8.2Ephemera","Series 9: Printed Materials","The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia Council began in 1963 following a merger between the Girl Scouts of Richmond and the Girl Scouts of Southside Virginia councils to provide more extensive services to Scouts in central Virginia. However, neither this council nor the two preceding it was the start of Girl Scouting in the area. There has been active Girl Scouting in Richmond prior to the official establishment of a council, though few records of the earliest days remain. Using Boy Scout manuals and enlisting the guidance of the director of the Richmond Boy Scouts, area girls recruited adult leaders and began informal scouting groups. In November 1913, the first official Girl Scout troop in Virginia, Pansy Troop Number 1, was formed in Highland Springs. Sponsored by the Women's Study Club for Right Living of Highland Springs, the troop was founded by Mrs. Kate G. Read and Mrs. Marion T. Read. This troop eventually split into two: Pansy Troop no. 1 and Pansy Troop no. 2, due to demand from local girls for membership.","The Girl Scouts of Richmond Council was formally organized on April 12, 1921 when the first Council Meeting was held at the Jefferson Hotel with 35 adult members, 11 troops, and 75 girls. The council received its official charter on May 10 of that year as the second chartered council in Virginia. Because of the Highland Springs troop's formation in 1913 and their inclusion in the Richmond Council, 1913 is commonly used for the date of inception for the Richmond Girl Scouts. In 1928, under the leadership of Commissioner Ruth Robertson McGuire, the Richmond Council was incorporated by the Girl Scouts of the United States of America.\nInitially, the Girl Scouts of Richmond was a racially exclusive organization, open only to white girls and women. Black Scouting in Richmond did not begin until 1932, when Troop 34, the first African American Girl Scout troop south of the Potomac River, was established. Mrs. Lena B. Watson of Virginia Union University (VUU) was instrumental in the group's formation  when she approached the Richmond council for permission to form a Black troop. Some council members  were supportive, but the council as a whole ultimately refused to consider it. The National Girl Scouting Headquarters became involved, forcing the Richmond council to allow the troop to form. In June 1932, the first Black troop formed at Hartshorn Hall at VUU with high school teacher Lavinia Banks as their leader.\nWhile Scouting in Richmond was developing, so too was Scouting in the southern part of Virginia. Hopewell formed its first troop in 1917, and many other troops in rural, semi-rural, and smaller urban areas followed. By 1942, the Petersburg Council organized, and the Hopewell Council formed in 1956, bringing many of the lone rural troops under the umbrella of a council. In 1958, the Hopewell Council merged with the Petersburg Council to form the Southside Council, bringing all troops in Southside Virginia Council services and support.","In response to rethinking the organization of Scouting in Virginia, the Richmond Council merged with the Southside Council to form the Commonwealth Council or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1962. During this time, troop integration became a reality for Virginia Girl Scouts. Integration began in 1963 with the Fort Lee troop. Black Scouts were allowed to participate at Camp Holly Dell for the first time, and by 1968 segregated troops were no more. \nOver the years, the councils that became the Commonwealth Council have provided programs and opportunities for girls to explore, learn, and build character through STEM, environmental stewardship, financial literacy, camping events, homemaking, and first aid. Citizenship was integral to Scouting from its inception. During World War I, Scouts entertained military troops at Fort Lee, and visited hospitals in morale-boosting calls. At least one scouting troop was so beloved for their service, that they were deemed honorary members of one of the units stationed at Fort Lee. In the Second World War, Scouts led scrap drives and defense preparedness activities. In addition to citizenship, Scouts raised awareness as well as money for their organization. In the earliest years of Scouting in Richmond, Scouts solicited donations by going door-to-door or having booths at fairs. In 1925, the Richmond Council became a member of the Community Chest, and could focus on other ways to fundraise. One successful fundraiser occurred when the troops brought John Philip Sousa and his band to Richmond, which raised a large amount of money for the organization and allowed the expansion of programs for the girls. The first cookie sale was in 1936, and approximately 11,694 pounds of cookies were sold, which allowed for expanded services, camping activities, and improved camping facilities. The annual event has been popular ever since, and continues to raise money for troop activities and support into the present day.","Camps have always been an important part of Girl Scouting. In the earliest years of the Richmond Council, white Girl Scouts used the Boy Scout camps for a few weeks every summer, but it soon became apparent that the girls needed their own camps. Eventually, the Richmond Council settled on a property in Bon Air, VA, that became Camp Pocahontas in 1928. Day Camps, held in conjunction with the YWCA, began in 1932.  Camp Pinoaka for Black Girl Scouts in Pocahontas State Park followed in 1936, and the Petersburg Council purchased Camp Holly Dell in Chesterfield in 1951. All three camps were eventually sold, and resources put into two other camps- Camp Kittamaqund, established in 1964 in the Northern Neck, and Camp Pamunkey Ridge in Hanover County. Smaller sleep-away camps, as well as day camps, were also scattered across the tri-city area and the state.","As of 2021, the Commonwealth Council, or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia, is one of four councils in the state and serves over 17,500 girls and women in central Virginia, stretching from the cities of Emporia to Fredericksburg, with its headquarters in the greater Richmond area. It is governed by a Board of Directors, which is elected by delegates from the council membership. The Board is responsible for establishing policies, approving budgets, and setting the direction for the Council. The board consists of a Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Members-at-Large, and two girl board members. The CEO and girl members are ex-officio, non-voting members. All serve two-year terms, and may not serve more than three consecutive terms, though the Chair is eligible to serve an additional three successive terms in another position. The Board conducts its business as the entire unit and in smaller committees, such as the Executive Committee, Finance Committee, Membership, and Program Committees. An Annual Meeting of the Board is held, and the Board continues to meet throughout the year, as do committees, as needed.","This collection contains many different formats. Negatives will need a scanner or light box to be properly accessed. Video formats include 35 and 78mm film, BetaCam, VHS, and U-Matic video and will need the proper video players to access them. CDs and DVDs, as well as audio cassette, reel-to-reel tape, 78 and 45 rpm records, and mini-cassette are included for audio formats.","2022: The collection was minimally processed prior to 2014. Beginning in 2020 and finishing in 2022, the collection was fully processe. This included consolidating materials, removing duplicates, deaccessioning widely-available publications, and processing the two accessions into one collection.","The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia (GSCV) records are composed of documents, correspondence, photographs, audio-visual materials, textiles, and artifacts that chronicle the evolution of Girl Scouting in the greater Richmond, Virginia area and the creation of the Commonwealth Council. The collection ranges in date from approximately 1913 through 2012, with the bulk of the materials falling within 1924-2005.  The collection has been arranged into nine series.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials","Materials related to the running and administration of the GSCV are located in this series. These items include policies and procedures, financial records, GSCV and Girl Scouting history in VA, and correspondence. This series also contains policies and procedures as outlined by both the Girl Scouts of the USA and GSCV and its preceding entities.\nSeries 1 comprises nine subseries.","1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents.","1.2 Reports: \nSeries 1.2 contains reports written by, about, or for the Richmond/ Commonwealth Council of VA Girl Scouts. They are arranged by author type and chronologically therein. Self-reports are first, followed by National Girl Scout reports, and reports about but not by Girl Scout entities are last.","1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes: \nMaterials pertaining to meetings are kept with their respective meetings. This includes notes, minutes, correspondence, and other meeting items. Additionally, information on the formation of Black troops in Richmond can be found in the minutes starting in 1931. These materials are arranged by Council/Board/Annual Meetings, which may have committee materials included in chronological order, followed by solo committee materials, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","1.4 Financial: \nIncludes financial records and audits, both for the Council, as well as local troops. Series 1.4 is arranged chronologically.","1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond.","1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials.","1.7 History: \nMany materials relate to the history of Black Scouting in Richmond, the earliest records of Girl Scouting in Richmond, general history, and the records of the councils that preceded the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia.","1.8 Administrator's Materials: \nThese materials contain the individual correspondence and effects of administrators in their work as scouts or representatives of the GSCV.","1.9 Other Councils: \nMaterials from Councils outside of GSCV and its preceding councils are included here.","Series 2: Camps","\nMost materials relating to camps run by GSVA are maintained in this series. Items like photographs and scrapbooks relating to camping or specific camps are listed in their respective subseries, but housed with other photographs and scrapbooks. Slides, books, as well as photographs that may pertain to a camp, but are not identified as such may be listed or found in Series 6: A/V or in Series 9: Printed.","The Series has been broken into nine subseries, most of which pertain to individual camps.","2.1 Camp Administration Materials: \nAdditional materials relating to the administration of camps may also be found in Series 1.","2.2 General Camp Materials:\nGeneral materials not related to the administration of camps as a whole, or of individual camps without their own subseries are contained here.","2.3 Camp Materials:\nContains materials from individual camps. This series is arranged alphabetically by camp, and chronologically therein. Camps include: Day Camps, Holly Dell, Kittamaqund, Pamunkey Ridge, Pine Grove, Pinoaka, Pocahontas.","Series 3: Troop Records and Related Materials ","\nMaterials that are related to specific troops are housed in this series. These items in this series include correspondence, financial records, speeches, clippings, photographs, and scrapbooks. Materials related to finances are contained in series 1.4: Financial. The bulk of Dorothy Armstrong's donation to the GSCV is housed in this series. Materials such as clippings, scrapbooks, and photographs are physically housed with like-materials.","Series 4: Programming and Events","\nThese materials relate to programs and events created or attended by GSCV troops or members. These include regional and national conferences and conventions, Girl Scout Week, \"Wider Opportunity,\" and GS Cookie Week, as well as events like Youth Expos, fashion shows, visits by dignitaries, and breakfasts. This series and its subseries are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n    \nThis series has been divided into four subseries as follows:","4.1 Anniversary Materials.","4.2 Regional Conferences.","4.3 National Conferences and Conventions.","4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials.","Series 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials ","\nMaterials that document awards and recognitions received or given by GSCV and its members are kept in this series. This includes awards-related correspondence, applications, and the award, certificate, or proclamation itself.  This series is arranged chronologically.","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and Audio-Visual Material","\nThis series contains photographs and scrapbooks that did not fit with other series. It also contains slides and audio-visual materials consisting of audio cassettes, 45 and 33 rpm records, compact disks, DVDs, VHS, and film reels. Scrapbooks can contain photographs, newspaper clippings, article clippings, pamphlets, and tickets. Materials are grouped by type, and an effort has been made to arrange them in chronological order; many dates are approximate. \t\t\n    Photographs are in black and white unless otherwise noted until approximately 1962; after 1992, photographs are in color unless noted.\n    \nThis series is arranged into five subseries.","6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums.","6.2 Slides: \nThis subseries contains slides from the 1950s through the 2000s. They are arranged alphabetically, and chronologically therein.","6.3 Scrapbooks.","6.5 Audio-Visual: \nThis subseries contains film reels, video cassettes, DVDs, audio CDs and audiocassettes, and 45 and 33 rpm records.","Series 7: Textiles and Related Materials","\nTextiles and related materials such as hats, belts, shoes, catalogs, and information on uniforms are kept in this series. There are multiple complete Brownie and Girl Scouts uniforms from various points in the history of the Scouts maintained in this series. Some patches, pins, and badges that are attached to sashes are in this series. Individual patches and some older textiles may also be located in Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera.\n    \n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records: \nThis subseries contains materials that relay information about the uniforms: their evolution, their production, and items such as catalogs and patterns.\n    \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles.","Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera","\nThis series houses artifacts from the history of the Girl Scouts in Virginia. Of particular interest are items like Girl Scout paper dolls, a branded Brownie Camera, canteens and collapsible camping cups, patches and badges, and Girl Scout pins. There are also multiple items of ephemera such as Girl Scout cookie boxes and stationery.\n    ","Series 9: Printed Materials","\nThis series contains books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, newsletters and other printed items, loose newspaper and magazine clippings. The publisher is either the Girl Scouts, the GSCV, or an outside entity. This series is arranged alphabetically by topic (annual events, Cookie Sale, handbooks, etc.) and/or title and chronologically therein. Of particular note is the wide array of Girl Scout booklets and the \"Newsletters\" section, which contains an early extended run of \"The Girl Scout Leader\" from approximately 1932-1940, as well as runs of \"Trefoil,\" \"Girl Scout News,\" \"Images,\" and \"LEaDS\" from 1982-1999.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 400","/repositories/5/resources/600"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records"],"collection_ssim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"creator_ssim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"creators_ssim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated by The Commonwealth Council of Virginia Girl Scouts in two batches in 2011 and 2014."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 Linear Feet 118 Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["130 Linear Feet 118 Boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been arranged into nine series. Further information on the series, their contents and organization can be found in the Scope and Content note.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Council and Administrative Materials \n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.2 Reports\u003c/li\u003e \n\u003cli\u003e1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.4 Financial\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.7 History\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.8 Administrator's Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.9 Other Councils\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 2: Camps\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\t\n\u003cli\u003e2.1 Camp Administration Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2.2 General Camp Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2.3 Camp Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Programming and Events\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e4.1 Anniversary Materials \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.2 Regional Conferences \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.3 National Conferences and Conventions \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Photographs, Slides, and A/V\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.2 Slides \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.3 Scrapbooks \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.4 Audio-Visual\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n \nSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7.2 Uniforms and Textiles \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\t\nSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\nSubseries: \n\u003cli\u003e8.1 Artifacts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e8.2Ephemera\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9: Printed Materials\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection has been arranged into nine series. Further information on the series, their contents and organization can be found in the Scope and Content note.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials \n Subseries:\n 1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents  1.2 Reports 1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes 1.4 Financial 1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond 1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials 1.7 History 1.8 Administrator's Materials 1.9 Other Councils","\nSeries 2: Camps\n Subseries:\t\n 2.1 Camp Administration Materials 2.2 General Camp Materials 2.3 Camp Materials \nSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Series 4: Programming and Events\n Subseries:\n 4.1 Anniversary Materials  4.2 Regional Conferences  4.3 National Conferences and Conventions  4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials  \nSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and A/V\n Subseries:\n 6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums  6.2 Slides  6.3 Scrapbooks  6.4 Audio-Visual \n \nSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\n Subseries:\n 7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records  7.2 Uniforms and Textiles  \t\nSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\nSubseries: \n 8.1 Artifacts 8.2Ephemera","Series 9: Printed Materials"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia Council began in 1963 following a merger between the Girl Scouts of Richmond and the Girl Scouts of Southside Virginia councils to provide more extensive services to Scouts in central Virginia. However, neither this council nor the two preceding it was the start of Girl Scouting in the area. There has been active Girl Scouting in Richmond prior to the official establishment of a council, though few records of the earliest days remain. Using Boy Scout manuals and enlisting the guidance of the director of the Richmond Boy Scouts, area girls recruited adult leaders and began informal scouting groups. In November 1913, the first official Girl Scout troop in Virginia, Pansy Troop Number 1, was formed in Highland Springs. Sponsored by the Women's Study Club for Right Living of Highland Springs, the troop was founded by Mrs. Kate G. Read and Mrs. Marion T. Read. This troop eventually split into two: Pansy Troop no. 1 and Pansy Troop no. 2, due to demand from local girls for membership.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Girl Scouts of Richmond Council was formally organized on April 12, 1921 when the first Council Meeting was held at the Jefferson Hotel with 35 adult members, 11 troops, and 75 girls. The council received its official charter on May 10 of that year as the second chartered council in Virginia. Because of the Highland Springs troop's formation in 1913 and their inclusion in the Richmond Council, 1913 is commonly used for the date of inception for the Richmond Girl Scouts. In 1928, under the leadership of Commissioner Ruth Robertson McGuire, the Richmond Council was incorporated by the Girl Scouts of the United States of America.\nInitially, the Girl Scouts of Richmond was a racially exclusive organization, open only to white girls and women. Black Scouting in Richmond did not begin until 1932, when Troop 34, the first African American Girl Scout troop south of the Potomac River, was established. Mrs. Lena B. Watson of Virginia Union University (VUU) was instrumental in the group's formation  when she approached the Richmond council for permission to form a Black troop. Some council members  were supportive, but the council as a whole ultimately refused to consider it. The National Girl Scouting Headquarters became involved, forcing the Richmond council to allow the troop to form. In June 1932, the first Black troop formed at Hartshorn Hall at VUU with high school teacher Lavinia Banks as their leader.\nWhile Scouting in Richmond was developing, so too was Scouting in the southern part of Virginia. Hopewell formed its first troop in 1917, and many other troops in rural, semi-rural, and smaller urban areas followed. By 1942, the Petersburg Council organized, and the Hopewell Council formed in 1956, bringing many of the lone rural troops under the umbrella of a council. In 1958, the Hopewell Council merged with the Petersburg Council to form the Southside Council, bringing all troops in Southside Virginia Council services and support.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn response to rethinking the organization of Scouting in Virginia, the Richmond Council merged with the Southside Council to form the Commonwealth Council or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1962. During this time, troop integration became a reality for Virginia Girl Scouts. Integration began in 1963 with the Fort Lee troop. Black Scouts were allowed to participate at Camp Holly Dell for the first time, and by 1968 segregated troops were no more. \nOver the years, the councils that became the Commonwealth Council have provided programs and opportunities for girls to explore, learn, and build character through STEM, environmental stewardship, financial literacy, camping events, homemaking, and first aid. Citizenship was integral to Scouting from its inception. During World War I, Scouts entertained military troops at Fort Lee, and visited hospitals in morale-boosting calls. At least one scouting troop was so beloved for their service, that they were deemed honorary members of one of the units stationed at Fort Lee. In the Second World War, Scouts led scrap drives and defense preparedness activities. In addition to citizenship, Scouts raised awareness as well as money for their organization. In the earliest years of Scouting in Richmond, Scouts solicited donations by going door-to-door or having booths at fairs. In 1925, the Richmond Council became a member of the Community Chest, and could focus on other ways to fundraise. One successful fundraiser occurred when the troops brought John Philip Sousa and his band to Richmond, which raised a large amount of money for the organization and allowed the expansion of programs for the girls. The first cookie sale was in 1936, and approximately 11,694 pounds of cookies were sold, which allowed for expanded services, camping activities, and improved camping facilities. The annual event has been popular ever since, and continues to raise money for troop activities and support into the present day.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCamps have always been an important part of Girl Scouting. In the earliest years of the Richmond Council, white Girl Scouts used the Boy Scout camps for a few weeks every summer, but it soon became apparent that the girls needed their own camps. Eventually, the Richmond Council settled on a property in Bon Air, VA, that became Camp Pocahontas in 1928. Day Camps, held in conjunction with the YWCA, began in 1932.  Camp Pinoaka for Black Girl Scouts in Pocahontas State Park followed in 1936, and the Petersburg Council purchased Camp Holly Dell in Chesterfield in 1951. All three camps were eventually sold, and resources put into two other camps- Camp Kittamaqund, established in 1964 in the Northern Neck, and Camp Pamunkey Ridge in Hanover County. Smaller sleep-away camps, as well as day camps, were also scattered across the tri-city area and the state.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs of 2021, the Commonwealth Council, or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia, is one of four councils in the state and serves over 17,500 girls and women in central Virginia, stretching from the cities of Emporia to Fredericksburg, with its headquarters in the greater Richmond area. It is governed by a Board of Directors, which is elected by delegates from the council membership. The Board is responsible for establishing policies, approving budgets, and setting the direction for the Council. The board consists of a Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Members-at-Large, and two girl board members. The CEO and girl members are ex-officio, non-voting members. All serve two-year terms, and may not serve more than three consecutive terms, though the Chair is eligible to serve an additional three successive terms in another position. The Board conducts its business as the entire unit and in smaller committees, such as the Executive Committee, Finance Committee, Membership, and Program Committees. An Annual Meeting of the Board is held, and the Board continues to meet throughout the year, as do committees, as needed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia Council began in 1963 following a merger between the Girl Scouts of Richmond and the Girl Scouts of Southside Virginia councils to provide more extensive services to Scouts in central Virginia. However, neither this council nor the two preceding it was the start of Girl Scouting in the area. There has been active Girl Scouting in Richmond prior to the official establishment of a council, though few records of the earliest days remain. Using Boy Scout manuals and enlisting the guidance of the director of the Richmond Boy Scouts, area girls recruited adult leaders and began informal scouting groups. In November 1913, the first official Girl Scout troop in Virginia, Pansy Troop Number 1, was formed in Highland Springs. Sponsored by the Women's Study Club for Right Living of Highland Springs, the troop was founded by Mrs. Kate G. Read and Mrs. Marion T. Read. This troop eventually split into two: Pansy Troop no. 1 and Pansy Troop no. 2, due to demand from local girls for membership.","The Girl Scouts of Richmond Council was formally organized on April 12, 1921 when the first Council Meeting was held at the Jefferson Hotel with 35 adult members, 11 troops, and 75 girls. The council received its official charter on May 10 of that year as the second chartered council in Virginia. Because of the Highland Springs troop's formation in 1913 and their inclusion in the Richmond Council, 1913 is commonly used for the date of inception for the Richmond Girl Scouts. In 1928, under the leadership of Commissioner Ruth Robertson McGuire, the Richmond Council was incorporated by the Girl Scouts of the United States of America.\nInitially, the Girl Scouts of Richmond was a racially exclusive organization, open only to white girls and women. Black Scouting in Richmond did not begin until 1932, when Troop 34, the first African American Girl Scout troop south of the Potomac River, was established. Mrs. Lena B. Watson of Virginia Union University (VUU) was instrumental in the group's formation  when she approached the Richmond council for permission to form a Black troop. Some council members  were supportive, but the council as a whole ultimately refused to consider it. The National Girl Scouting Headquarters became involved, forcing the Richmond council to allow the troop to form. In June 1932, the first Black troop formed at Hartshorn Hall at VUU with high school teacher Lavinia Banks as their leader.\nWhile Scouting in Richmond was developing, so too was Scouting in the southern part of Virginia. Hopewell formed its first troop in 1917, and many other troops in rural, semi-rural, and smaller urban areas followed. By 1942, the Petersburg Council organized, and the Hopewell Council formed in 1956, bringing many of the lone rural troops under the umbrella of a council. In 1958, the Hopewell Council merged with the Petersburg Council to form the Southside Council, bringing all troops in Southside Virginia Council services and support.","In response to rethinking the organization of Scouting in Virginia, the Richmond Council merged with the Southside Council to form the Commonwealth Council or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1962. During this time, troop integration became a reality for Virginia Girl Scouts. Integration began in 1963 with the Fort Lee troop. Black Scouts were allowed to participate at Camp Holly Dell for the first time, and by 1968 segregated troops were no more. \nOver the years, the councils that became the Commonwealth Council have provided programs and opportunities for girls to explore, learn, and build character through STEM, environmental stewardship, financial literacy, camping events, homemaking, and first aid. Citizenship was integral to Scouting from its inception. During World War I, Scouts entertained military troops at Fort Lee, and visited hospitals in morale-boosting calls. At least one scouting troop was so beloved for their service, that they were deemed honorary members of one of the units stationed at Fort Lee. In the Second World War, Scouts led scrap drives and defense preparedness activities. In addition to citizenship, Scouts raised awareness as well as money for their organization. In the earliest years of Scouting in Richmond, Scouts solicited donations by going door-to-door or having booths at fairs. In 1925, the Richmond Council became a member of the Community Chest, and could focus on other ways to fundraise. One successful fundraiser occurred when the troops brought John Philip Sousa and his band to Richmond, which raised a large amount of money for the organization and allowed the expansion of programs for the girls. The first cookie sale was in 1936, and approximately 11,694 pounds of cookies were sold, which allowed for expanded services, camping activities, and improved camping facilities. The annual event has been popular ever since, and continues to raise money for troop activities and support into the present day.","Camps have always been an important part of Girl Scouting. In the earliest years of the Richmond Council, white Girl Scouts used the Boy Scout camps for a few weeks every summer, but it soon became apparent that the girls needed their own camps. Eventually, the Richmond Council settled on a property in Bon Air, VA, that became Camp Pocahontas in 1928. Day Camps, held in conjunction with the YWCA, began in 1932.  Camp Pinoaka for Black Girl Scouts in Pocahontas State Park followed in 1936, and the Petersburg Council purchased Camp Holly Dell in Chesterfield in 1951. All three camps were eventually sold, and resources put into two other camps- Camp Kittamaqund, established in 1964 in the Northern Neck, and Camp Pamunkey Ridge in Hanover County. Smaller sleep-away camps, as well as day camps, were also scattered across the tri-city area and the state.","As of 2021, the Commonwealth Council, or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia, is one of four councils in the state and serves over 17,500 girls and women in central Virginia, stretching from the cities of Emporia to Fredericksburg, with its headquarters in the greater Richmond area. It is governed by a Board of Directors, which is elected by delegates from the council membership. The Board is responsible for establishing policies, approving budgets, and setting the direction for the Council. The board consists of a Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Members-at-Large, and two girl board members. The CEO and girl members are ex-officio, non-voting members. All serve two-year terms, and may not serve more than three consecutive terms, though the Chair is eligible to serve an additional three successive terms in another position. The Board conducts its business as the entire unit and in smaller committees, such as the Executive Committee, Finance Committee, Membership, and Program Committees. An Annual Meeting of the Board is held, and the Board continues to meet throughout the year, as do committees, as needed."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains many different formats. Negatives will need a scanner or light box to be properly accessed. Video formats include 35 and 78mm film, BetaCam, VHS, and U-Matic video and will need the proper video players to access them. CDs and DVDs, as well as audio cassette, reel-to-reel tape, 78 and 45 rpm records, and mini-cassette are included for audio formats.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["This collection contains many different formats. Negatives will need a scanner or light box to be properly accessed. Video formats include 35 and 78mm film, BetaCam, VHS, and U-Matic video and will need the proper video players to access them. CDs and DVDs, as well as audio cassette, reel-to-reel tape, 78 and 45 rpm records, and mini-cassette are included for audio formats."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia records, 1910-2012, Collection number M 400, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia records, 1910-2012, Collection number M 400, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e2022: The collection was minimally processed prior to 2014. Beginning in 2020 and finishing in 2022, the collection was fully processe. This included consolidating materials, removing duplicates, deaccessioning widely-available publications, and processing the two accessions into one collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["2022: The collection was minimally processed prior to 2014. Beginning in 2020 and finishing in 2022, the collection was fully processe. This included consolidating materials, removing duplicates, deaccessioning widely-available publications, and processing the two accessions into one collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia (GSCV) records are composed of documents, correspondence, photographs, audio-visual materials, textiles, and artifacts that chronicle the evolution of Girl Scouting in the greater Richmond, Virginia area and the creation of the Commonwealth Council. The collection ranges in date from approximately 1913 through 2012, with the bulk of the materials falling within 1924-2005.  The collection has been arranged into nine series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1: Council and Administrative Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to the running and administration of the GSCV are located in this series. These items include policies and procedures, financial records, GSCV and Girl Scouting history in VA, and correspondence. This series also contains policies and procedures as outlined by both the Girl Scouts of the USA and GSCV and its preceding entities.\nSeries 1 comprises nine subseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1.2 Reports: \nSeries 1.2 contains reports written by, about, or for the Richmond/ Commonwealth Council of VA Girl Scouts. They are arranged by author type and chronologically therein. Self-reports are first, followed by National Girl Scout reports, and reports about but not by Girl Scout entities are last.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes: \nMaterials pertaining to meetings are kept with their respective meetings. This includes notes, minutes, correspondence, and other meeting items. Additionally, information on the formation of Black troops in Richmond can be found in the minutes starting in 1931. These materials are arranged by Council/Board/Annual Meetings, which may have committee materials included in chronological order, followed by solo committee materials, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1.4 Financial: \nIncludes financial records and audits, both for the Council, as well as local troops. Series 1.4 is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1.7 History: \nMany materials relate to the history of Black Scouting in Richmond, the earliest records of Girl Scouting in Richmond, general history, and the records of the councils that preceded the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1.8 Administrator's Materials: \nThese materials contain the individual correspondence and effects of administrators in their work as scouts or representatives of the GSCV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1.9 Other Councils: \nMaterials from Councils outside of GSCV and its preceding councils are included here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2: Camps\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMost materials relating to camps run by GSVA are maintained in this series. Items like photographs and scrapbooks relating to camping or specific camps are listed in their respective subseries, but housed with other photographs and scrapbooks. Slides, books, as well as photographs that may pertain to a camp, but are not identified as such may be listed or found in Series 6: A/V or in Series 9: Printed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Series has been broken into nine subseries, most of which pertain to individual camps.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2.1 Camp Administration Materials: \nAdditional materials relating to the administration of camps may also be found in Series 1.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2.2 General Camp Materials:\nGeneral materials not related to the administration of camps as a whole, or of individual camps without their own subseries are contained here.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2.3 Camp Materials:\nContains materials from individual camps. This series is arranged alphabetically by camp, and chronologically therein. Camps include: Day Camps, Holly Dell, Kittamaqund, Pamunkey Ridge, Pine Grove, Pinoaka, Pocahontas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMaterials that are related to specific troops are housed in this series. These items in this series include correspondence, financial records, speeches, clippings, photographs, and scrapbooks. Materials related to finances are contained in series 1.4: Financial. The bulk of Dorothy Armstrong's donation to the GSCV is housed in this series. Materials such as clippings, scrapbooks, and photographs are physically housed with like-materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4: Programming and Events\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThese materials relate to programs and events created or attended by GSCV troops or members. These include regional and national conferences and conventions, Girl Scout Week, \"Wider Opportunity,\" and GS Cookie Week, as well as events like Youth Expos, fashion shows, visits by dignitaries, and breakfasts. This series and its subseries are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n    \nThis series has been divided into four subseries as follows:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e4.1 Anniversary Materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e4.2 Regional Conferences.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e4.3 National Conferences and Conventions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMaterials that document awards and recognitions received or given by GSCV and its members are kept in this series. This includes awards-related correspondence, applications, and the award, certificate, or proclamation itself. \u003cbr\u003eThis series is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 6: Photographs, Slides, and Audio-Visual Material\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThis series contains photographs and scrapbooks that did not fit with other series. It also contains slides and audio-visual materials consisting of audio cassettes, 45 and 33 rpm records, compact disks, DVDs, VHS, and film reels. Scrapbooks can contain photographs, newspaper clippings, article clippings, pamphlets, and tickets. Materials are grouped by type, and an effort has been made to arrange them in chronological order; many dates are approximate. \t\t\n    Photographs are in black and white unless otherwise noted until approximately 1962; after 1992, photographs are in color unless noted.\n    \nThis series is arranged into five subseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e6.2 Slides: \nThis subseries contains slides from the 1950s through the 2000s. They are arranged alphabetically, and chronologically therein.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e6.3 Scrapbooks.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e6.5 Audio-Visual: \nThis subseries contains film reels, video cassettes, DVDs, audio CDs and audiocassettes, and 45 and 33 rpm records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nTextiles and related materials such as hats, belts, shoes, catalogs, and information on uniforms are kept in this series. There are multiple complete Brownie and Girl Scouts uniforms from various points in the history of the Scouts maintained in this series. Some patches, pins, and badges that are attached to sashes are in this series. Individual patches and some older textiles may also be located in Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera.\n    \n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records: \nThis subseries contains materials that relay information about the uniforms: their evolution, their production, and items such as catalogs and patterns.\n    \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThis series houses artifacts from the history of the Girl Scouts in Virginia. Of particular interest are items like Girl Scout paper dolls, a branded Brownie Camera, canteens and collapsible camping cups, patches and badges, and Girl Scout pins. There are also multiple items of ephemera such as Girl Scout cookie boxes and stationery.\n    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 9: Printed Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThis series contains books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, newsletters and other printed items, loose newspaper and magazine clippings. The publisher is either the Girl Scouts, the GSCV, or an outside entity. This series is arranged alphabetically by topic (annual events, Cookie Sale, handbooks, etc.) and/or title and chronologically therein. Of particular note is the wide array of Girl Scout booklets and the \"Newsletters\" section, which contains an early extended run of \"The Girl Scout Leader\" from approximately 1932-1940, as well as runs of \"Trefoil,\" \"Girl Scout News,\" \"Images,\" and \"LEaDS\" from 1982-1999.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia (GSCV) records are composed of documents, correspondence, photographs, audio-visual materials, textiles, and artifacts that chronicle the evolution of Girl Scouting in the greater Richmond, Virginia area and the creation of the Commonwealth Council. The collection ranges in date from approximately 1913 through 2012, with the bulk of the materials falling within 1924-2005.  The collection has been arranged into nine series.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials","Materials related to the running and administration of the GSCV are located in this series. These items include policies and procedures, financial records, GSCV and Girl Scouting history in VA, and correspondence. This series also contains policies and procedures as outlined by both the Girl Scouts of the USA and GSCV and its preceding entities.\nSeries 1 comprises nine subseries.","1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents.","1.2 Reports: \nSeries 1.2 contains reports written by, about, or for the Richmond/ Commonwealth Council of VA Girl Scouts. They are arranged by author type and chronologically therein. Self-reports are first, followed by National Girl Scout reports, and reports about but not by Girl Scout entities are last.","1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes: \nMaterials pertaining to meetings are kept with their respective meetings. This includes notes, minutes, correspondence, and other meeting items. Additionally, information on the formation of Black troops in Richmond can be found in the minutes starting in 1931. These materials are arranged by Council/Board/Annual Meetings, which may have committee materials included in chronological order, followed by solo committee materials, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","1.4 Financial: \nIncludes financial records and audits, both for the Council, as well as local troops. Series 1.4 is arranged chronologically.","1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond.","1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials.","1.7 History: \nMany materials relate to the history of Black Scouting in Richmond, the earliest records of Girl Scouting in Richmond, general history, and the records of the councils that preceded the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia.","1.8 Administrator's Materials: \nThese materials contain the individual correspondence and effects of administrators in their work as scouts or representatives of the GSCV.","1.9 Other Councils: \nMaterials from Councils outside of GSCV and its preceding councils are included here.","Series 2: Camps","\nMost materials relating to camps run by GSVA are maintained in this series. Items like photographs and scrapbooks relating to camping or specific camps are listed in their respective subseries, but housed with other photographs and scrapbooks. Slides, books, as well as photographs that may pertain to a camp, but are not identified as such may be listed or found in Series 6: A/V or in Series 9: Printed.","The Series has been broken into nine subseries, most of which pertain to individual camps.","2.1 Camp Administration Materials: \nAdditional materials relating to the administration of camps may also be found in Series 1.","2.2 General Camp Materials:\nGeneral materials not related to the administration of camps as a whole, or of individual camps without their own subseries are contained here.","2.3 Camp Materials:\nContains materials from individual camps. This series is arranged alphabetically by camp, and chronologically therein. Camps include: Day Camps, Holly Dell, Kittamaqund, Pamunkey Ridge, Pine Grove, Pinoaka, Pocahontas.","Series 3: Troop Records and Related Materials ","\nMaterials that are related to specific troops are housed in this series. These items in this series include correspondence, financial records, speeches, clippings, photographs, and scrapbooks. Materials related to finances are contained in series 1.4: Financial. The bulk of Dorothy Armstrong's donation to the GSCV is housed in this series. Materials such as clippings, scrapbooks, and photographs are physically housed with like-materials.","Series 4: Programming and Events","\nThese materials relate to programs and events created or attended by GSCV troops or members. These include regional and national conferences and conventions, Girl Scout Week, \"Wider Opportunity,\" and GS Cookie Week, as well as events like Youth Expos, fashion shows, visits by dignitaries, and breakfasts. This series and its subseries are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n    \nThis series has been divided into four subseries as follows:","4.1 Anniversary Materials.","4.2 Regional Conferences.","4.3 National Conferences and Conventions.","4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials.","Series 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials ","\nMaterials that document awards and recognitions received or given by GSCV and its members are kept in this series. This includes awards-related correspondence, applications, and the award, certificate, or proclamation itself.  This series is arranged chronologically.","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and Audio-Visual Material","\nThis series contains photographs and scrapbooks that did not fit with other series. It also contains slides and audio-visual materials consisting of audio cassettes, 45 and 33 rpm records, compact disks, DVDs, VHS, and film reels. Scrapbooks can contain photographs, newspaper clippings, article clippings, pamphlets, and tickets. Materials are grouped by type, and an effort has been made to arrange them in chronological order; many dates are approximate. \t\t\n    Photographs are in black and white unless otherwise noted until approximately 1962; after 1992, photographs are in color unless noted.\n    \nThis series is arranged into five subseries.","6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums.","6.2 Slides: \nThis subseries contains slides from the 1950s through the 2000s. They are arranged alphabetically, and chronologically therein.","6.3 Scrapbooks.","6.5 Audio-Visual: \nThis subseries contains film reels, video cassettes, DVDs, audio CDs and audiocassettes, and 45 and 33 rpm records.","Series 7: Textiles and Related Materials","\nTextiles and related materials such as hats, belts, shoes, catalogs, and information on uniforms are kept in this series. There are multiple complete Brownie and Girl Scouts uniforms from various points in the history of the Scouts maintained in this series. Some patches, pins, and badges that are attached to sashes are in this series. Individual patches and some older textiles may also be located in Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera.\n    \n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records: \nThis subseries contains materials that relay information about the uniforms: their evolution, their production, and items such as catalogs and patterns.\n    \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles.","Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera","\nThis series houses artifacts from the history of the Girl Scouts in Virginia. Of particular interest are items like Girl Scout paper dolls, a branded Brownie Camera, canteens and collapsible camping cups, patches and badges, and Girl Scout pins. There are also multiple items of ephemera such as Girl Scout cookie boxes and stationery.\n    ","Series 9: Printed Materials","\nThis series contains books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, newsletters and other printed items, loose newspaper and magazine clippings. The publisher is either the Girl Scouts, the GSCV, or an outside entity. This series is arranged alphabetically by topic (annual events, Cookie Sale, handbooks, etc.) and/or title and chronologically therein. Of particular note is the wide array of Girl Scout booklets and the \"Newsletters\" section, which contains an early extended run of \"The Girl Scout Leader\" from approximately 1932-1940, as well as runs of \"Trefoil,\" \"Girl Scout News,\" \"Images,\" and \"LEaDS\" from 1982-1999."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1502,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:37.796Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01_c249_c25"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c570","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wilkinson, J. Harvie, Jr., n.d.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c570#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c570","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c570"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c570","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Alphabetical Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Alphabetical Files"],"text":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Alphabetical Files","Wilkinson, J. Harvie, Jr., n.d.","box 93"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wilkinson, J. Harvie, Jr., n.d.","title_ssm":["Wilkinson, J. Harvie, Jr., n.d."],"title_tesim":["Wilkinson, J. Harvie, Jr., n.d."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1964, 1977, 1979-1980, 1990"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1964/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wilkinson, J. Harvie, Jr., n.d."],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1453,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"containers_ssim":["box 93"],"_nest_path_":"/components#7/components#569","timestamp":"2026-05-10T07:10:22.597Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_142.xml","title_filing_ssi":"McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek, papers","title_ssm":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"title_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 302","/repositories/5/resources/142"],"text":["M 302","/repositories/5/resources/142","Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Nonprofit organizations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Associations, institutions, etc. -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open for use without restrictions.","The collection is divided into a series of eight sections. Series I is primarily correspondence to Mrs. McClenahan. Series II consists of material of twelve major civic and volunteer organizations with which she was involved. Because of the volume of the materials, each organization in this series was divided into its own subseries. Series III is composed of other organizations in which she was active, but of sufficient quantity to justify its own subseries. The material in this series is divided alphabetically. Series IV is a collection of her speeches and articles. The speeches in this series are unidentified by audience or sponsor or affiliated with a group not otherwise not listed in another series. Additional speeches may be found in organizational series by checking folder headings. Series V contains material regarding political candidates and issues. Series VI consists of material relating to the various schools, colleges and universities she has been associated with and is divided alphabetical. Series VII contains material relating to her work with St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Series VIII consists of a variety of material reflecting Mrs. McClenahan's daily activities, social plans, and wide range of interests. [See the NOTE under Series for additional materials added in 2000.]","Series I--Correspondence (1933-1993)","Series II--Major volunteer organizations, Subseries A: Arts Council of Richmond (1982-1988), Subseries B: Maymont Foundation (1979-1992), Subseries C: Metropolitan Richmond Chamber of Commerce (1981-1992), Subseries D: Planned Parenthood (1942-1992), Subseries E: Richmond Better Housing Coalition (1984-1993), Subseries F: Richmond-On-The-James (1978-1988), Subseries G: Richmond Renaissance (1982-1990), Subseries H: Richmond Urban Forum (1982-1990), Subseries I: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1957-1993), Subseries J: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1983-1990), Subseries K: Virginia Historical Society (1990-1993), Subseries L: Poplar Forest (1988-1993)","Series III--Other organizations (1951-1993)","Series IV--Speeches and Articles (1955-1993)","Series V--Politics (1985-1993)","Series VI--Schools, Colleges and Universities (1948-1993)","Series VII--St. Pauls' Episcopal Church (1937-1992)","Series VIII--Alphabetical Files (1935-1993)","Note: Additional materials were added in July 2000. The materials in these containers, boxes 91-109, were added to the end of the collection and are divided as follows: Correspondence (n.d., 1930-1998); Maymont Foundation (n.d., 1983-1997); Richmond Better Housing Coalition (n.d., 1988-1999); Richmond Renaissance (n.d., 1987-1996); miscellaneous colleges and schools (n.d., 1967-1997); Richmond Urban Forum (19- 19); Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation (1968-1993); St. Paul's Episcopal Church (n.d., 1984-1998); Stratford Hall (n.d., 1984-1989); Virginia Historical Society (n.d., 1983-1992); Virginia Union University (n.d., 1988- 1993); and miscellaneous civic and volunteer organizations (n.d., 1967-1998).","Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan is a Richmond community leader, activist and philanthropist. She has been described as the \"conscience of Richmond\" for her contributions to the Richmond community in the areas of racial harmony, housing, Richmond revitalization and historic preservation. She has also been active in the arts, her church, and education.","Born in Richmond on April 6, 1917, Mary Tyler is the daughter of Douglas Southall Freeman (1886-1953), noted historian and journalist, and Inez Goddin Freeman (1891-1974). She attended St. Catherine's School and Vassar College, receiving an A.B. in English-Creative Writing in 1937.","After college she worked briefly as a secretary in the Department of Fine Arts of William and Mary College where she met Leslie Cheek, Jr. (1908-1992), then head of the department. They married in 1939. The Cheeks lived in Baltimore for three years while Mr. Cheek was Director of the Baltimore Museum of Fine Arts and in Washington, D.C. during World War II. While Mr. Cheek served in the Army, Mrs. McClenahan volunteered as a nurse's aid. After Cheek's discharge from the Army in 1945, they lived in New York City where Cheek had been hired as an Associate Editor of Architectural Forum Magazine. The couple returned to Richmond when Cheek became the first director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1948-1968). The Cheeks had four children. After Mr. Cheek's death in 1992, Mrs. Cheek married Dr. John Lorimer McClenahan, a retired Pennsylvanian radiologist, the following year.","Mrs. McClenahan is responsible for a number of Richmond civic initiatives, including bringing together the 35 groups that make up the Richmond Better Housing Coalition and founding the Richmond Urban Forum. She was twice president of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood and has participated as a volunteer and board member of numerous Richmond civic organizations, including Richmond Renaissance and Richmond-On- The- James. She has also been an active member of Richmond's historic St. Paul's Episcopal Church.","Some of the organizations Mrs. McClenahan has been associated with include: ","Member, Executive Committee and Board of The Arts Council of Richmond \nMember, 175th Anniversary of the Executive Mansion Commission \nAdvisory Committee Girl Scouts \nMember, Board of Historic Richmond Foundation \nDame and Member of the Board of Governors of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem \nMember, National Committee, Jefferson Poplar Forest Fund \nMember, Board of Leadership Metro Richmond \nMember, Board of Maymont Foundation \nChairman, Film Committee of the National Council for America's First Freedom: The Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom \nRichmond AIDS Ministry \nCo-Chairman, Richmond Better Housing Coalition \nMember, Board of Richmond Hill \nMember, Board of Richmond-On-The-James \nMember, Executive Committee and Board of Richmond Renaissance \nFounder and Honorary Chairman, Richmond Urban Forum \nDirector for Virginia and Past President, Robert E. Lee Memorial Association which administers Stratford Hall, the birthplace of Robert E. Lee \nFormer Vestry member and Junior Warden of St. Paul's Episcopal Church \nMember, Board of Theatre Virginia Past President (twice) and honorary board member of Virginia League for Planned Parenthood \nTrustee, Virginia Union University ","Clubs include: ","Cosmopolitan Club, NYC \nHroswitha Club, NYC \nJames River Garden Club, Richmond \nRichmond First Club \nRichmond Kiwanis \nVirginia Writer's Club \nWoman's Club of Richmond ","Awards Mrs. McClenahan has received include: ","Richmond's Christmas Mother (1973) \nAssociation for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities' Mary Maso Williams Award (1977) \nJunior League of Richmond's Barbara Renson Andrews Award for Distinguished Volunteer Service (1982) \nSt Catherine's School's Distinguished Alumni Award (1983) \nVirginia League of Planned Parenthood Distinguished Service Award (1984) \nNational Conference of Christian and Jews' Brotherhood Citation (1985) \nOmicron Delta Kappa's Conspicuous Attainment Award (1986) \nYWCA of Richmond's Outstanding Woman of the Year (1986) \nRichmond First Club's Good Government Award (1987) \nRichmond Urban League's Charlotte T. Washington Community Services Award (1988) \nStyle Magazine's Richmonder of the Year (1991) \nHousing Opportunities Made Equal (H.O.M.E.) Fair Housing Award \nH.O.M.E. Sallie Wilson Peake Memorial Award for Outstanding Support of Fair Housing \nNational Multiple Sclerosis Society, Silver Hope Award (1994) ","Honorary Degrees Mrs. McClenahan has received: ","Doctor of Humanities from University of Richmond \nDoctor of Humane Letters from St. Paul's College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Washington and Lee University \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Hollins College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Virginia Commonwealth University ","The collection includes correspondence, notes, clippings, various organizational minutes, reports and files, drafts of speeches, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1933 through 1993. The bulk of the collection dates from the late 1970s through the early 1990s and focuses on Mrs. McClenahan's involvement on issues of race, housing, historic preservation, and Richmond revitalization.","The organizational records in the collection include material from many of Richmond's major civic organizations, including Planned Parenthood, the Richmond Better Housing Coalition, Richmond-On-The-James, Richmond Renaissance and the Richmond Urban Forum. The activities of other organizations are also represented to a lesser degree. A number of these organizations are represented in other collections within Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Please ask a staff member for more information.","The collection also contains material documenting Mrs. McClenahan's involvement in education, the arts and politics in Richmond and Virginia, in St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and speeches she has given. Other material in the collection ranges from correspondence of friends and family to material on her daily life, social plans, family holidays and vacations to information on her various interests","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)","McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 302","/repositories/5/resources/142"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"creator_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"creators_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was a gift to Special Collections and Archives from Mrs. McClenahan in April 1994. Additional materials were added in 1996 and in 2000."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Nonprofit organizations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Associations, institutions, etc. -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Nonprofit organizations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Associations, institutions, etc. -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["15 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for use without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into a series of eight sections. Series I is primarily correspondence to Mrs. McClenahan. Series II consists of material of twelve major civic and volunteer organizations with which she was involved. Because of the volume of the materials, each organization in this series was divided into its own subseries. Series III is composed of other organizations in which she was active, but of sufficient quantity to justify its own subseries. The material in this series is divided alphabetically. Series IV is a collection of her speeches and articles. The speeches in this series are unidentified by audience or sponsor or affiliated with a group not otherwise not listed in another series. Additional speeches may be found in organizational series by checking folder headings. Series V contains material regarding political candidates and issues. Series VI consists of material relating to the various schools, colleges and universities she has been associated with and is divided alphabetical. Series VII contains material relating to her work with St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Series VIII consists of a variety of material reflecting Mrs. McClenahan's daily activities, social plans, and wide range of interests. [See the NOTE under Series for additional materials added in 2000.]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I--Correspondence (1933-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II--Major volunteer organizations, Subseries A: Arts Council of Richmond (1982-1988), Subseries B: Maymont Foundation (1979-1992), Subseries C: Metropolitan Richmond Chamber of Commerce (1981-1992), Subseries D: Planned Parenthood (1942-1992), Subseries E: Richmond Better Housing Coalition (1984-1993), Subseries F: Richmond-On-The-James (1978-1988), Subseries G: Richmond Renaissance (1982-1990), Subseries H: Richmond Urban Forum (1982-1990), Subseries I: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1957-1993), Subseries J: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1983-1990), Subseries K: Virginia Historical Society (1990-1993), Subseries L: Poplar Forest (1988-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III--Other organizations (1951-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV--Speeches and Articles (1955-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V--Politics (1985-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI--Schools, Colleges and Universities (1948-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII--St. Pauls' Episcopal Church (1937-1992)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII--Alphabetical Files (1935-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote: Additional materials were added in July 2000. The materials in these containers, boxes 91-109, were added to the end of the collection and are divided as follows: Correspondence (n.d., 1930-1998); Maymont Foundation (n.d., 1983-1997); Richmond Better Housing Coalition (n.d., 1988-1999); Richmond Renaissance (n.d., 1987-1996); miscellaneous colleges and schools (n.d., 1967-1997); Richmond Urban Forum (19- 19); Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation (1968-1993); St. Paul's Episcopal Church (n.d., 1984-1998); Stratford Hall (n.d., 1984-1989); Virginia Historical Society (n.d., 1983-1992); Virginia Union University (n.d., 1988- 1993); and miscellaneous civic and volunteer organizations (n.d., 1967-1998).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into a series of eight sections. Series I is primarily correspondence to Mrs. McClenahan. Series II consists of material of twelve major civic and volunteer organizations with which she was involved. Because of the volume of the materials, each organization in this series was divided into its own subseries. Series III is composed of other organizations in which she was active, but of sufficient quantity to justify its own subseries. The material in this series is divided alphabetically. Series IV is a collection of her speeches and articles. The speeches in this series are unidentified by audience or sponsor or affiliated with a group not otherwise not listed in another series. Additional speeches may be found in organizational series by checking folder headings. Series V contains material regarding political candidates and issues. Series VI consists of material relating to the various schools, colleges and universities she has been associated with and is divided alphabetical. Series VII contains material relating to her work with St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Series VIII consists of a variety of material reflecting Mrs. McClenahan's daily activities, social plans, and wide range of interests. [See the NOTE under Series for additional materials added in 2000.]","Series I--Correspondence (1933-1993)","Series II--Major volunteer organizations, Subseries A: Arts Council of Richmond (1982-1988), Subseries B: Maymont Foundation (1979-1992), Subseries C: Metropolitan Richmond Chamber of Commerce (1981-1992), Subseries D: Planned Parenthood (1942-1992), Subseries E: Richmond Better Housing Coalition (1984-1993), Subseries F: Richmond-On-The-James (1978-1988), Subseries G: Richmond Renaissance (1982-1990), Subseries H: Richmond Urban Forum (1982-1990), Subseries I: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1957-1993), Subseries J: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1983-1990), Subseries K: Virginia Historical Society (1990-1993), Subseries L: Poplar Forest (1988-1993)","Series III--Other organizations (1951-1993)","Series IV--Speeches and Articles (1955-1993)","Series V--Politics (1985-1993)","Series VI--Schools, Colleges and Universities (1948-1993)","Series VII--St. Pauls' Episcopal Church (1937-1992)","Series VIII--Alphabetical Files (1935-1993)","Note: Additional materials were added in July 2000. The materials in these containers, boxes 91-109, were added to the end of the collection and are divided as follows: Correspondence (n.d., 1930-1998); Maymont Foundation (n.d., 1983-1997); Richmond Better Housing Coalition (n.d., 1988-1999); Richmond Renaissance (n.d., 1987-1996); miscellaneous colleges and schools (n.d., 1967-1997); Richmond Urban Forum (19- 19); Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation (1968-1993); St. Paul's Episcopal Church (n.d., 1984-1998); Stratford Hall (n.d., 1984-1989); Virginia Historical Society (n.d., 1983-1992); Virginia Union University (n.d., 1988- 1993); and miscellaneous civic and volunteer organizations (n.d., 1967-1998)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan is a Richmond community leader, activist and philanthropist. She has been described as the \"conscience of Richmond\" for her contributions to the Richmond community in the areas of racial harmony, housing, Richmond revitalization and historic preservation. She has also been active in the arts, her church, and education.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn in Richmond on April 6, 1917, Mary Tyler is the daughter of Douglas Southall Freeman (1886-1953), noted historian and journalist, and Inez Goddin Freeman (1891-1974). She attended St. Catherine's School and Vassar College, receiving an A.B. in English-Creative Writing in 1937.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter college she worked briefly as a secretary in the Department of Fine Arts of William and Mary College where she met Leslie Cheek, Jr. (1908-1992), then head of the department. They married in 1939. The Cheeks lived in Baltimore for three years while Mr. Cheek was Director of the Baltimore Museum of Fine Arts and in Washington, D.C. during World War II. While Mr. Cheek served in the Army, Mrs. McClenahan volunteered as a nurse's aid. After Cheek's discharge from the Army in 1945, they lived in New York City where Cheek had been hired as an Associate Editor of Architectural Forum Magazine. The couple returned to Richmond when Cheek became the first director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1948-1968). The Cheeks had four children. After Mr. Cheek's death in 1992, Mrs. Cheek married Dr. John Lorimer McClenahan, a retired Pennsylvanian radiologist, the following year.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMrs. McClenahan is responsible for a number of Richmond civic initiatives, including bringing together the 35 groups that make up the Richmond Better Housing Coalition and founding the Richmond Urban Forum. She was twice president of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood and has participated as a volunteer and board member of numerous Richmond civic organizations, including Richmond Renaissance and Richmond-On- The- James. She has also been an active member of Richmond's historic St. Paul's Episcopal Church.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSome of the organizations Mrs. McClenahan has been associated with include: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMember, Executive Committee and Board of The Arts Council of Richmond \nMember, 175th Anniversary of the Executive Mansion Commission \nAdvisory Committee Girl Scouts \nMember, Board of Historic Richmond Foundation \nDame and Member of the Board of Governors of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem \nMember, National Committee, Jefferson Poplar Forest Fund \nMember, Board of Leadership Metro Richmond \nMember, Board of Maymont Foundation \nChairman, Film Committee of the National Council for America's First Freedom: The Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom \nRichmond AIDS Ministry \nCo-Chairman, Richmond Better Housing Coalition \nMember, Board of Richmond Hill \nMember, Board of Richmond-On-The-James \nMember, Executive Committee and Board of Richmond Renaissance \nFounder and Honorary Chairman, Richmond Urban Forum \nDirector for Virginia and Past President, Robert E. Lee Memorial Association which administers Stratford Hall, the birthplace of Robert E. Lee \nFormer Vestry member and Junior Warden of St. Paul's Episcopal Church \nMember, Board of Theatre Virginia Past President (twice) and honorary board member of Virginia League for Planned Parenthood \nTrustee, Virginia Union University \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eClubs include: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCosmopolitan Club, NYC \nHroswitha Club, NYC \nJames River Garden Club, Richmond \nRichmond First Club \nRichmond Kiwanis \nVirginia Writer's Club \nWoman's Club of Richmond \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAwards Mrs. McClenahan has received include: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRichmond's Christmas Mother (1973) \nAssociation for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities' Mary Maso Williams Award (1977) \nJunior League of Richmond's Barbara Renson Andrews Award for Distinguished Volunteer Service (1982) \nSt Catherine's School's Distinguished Alumni Award (1983) \nVirginia League of Planned Parenthood Distinguished Service Award (1984) \nNational Conference of Christian and Jews' Brotherhood Citation (1985) \nOmicron Delta Kappa's Conspicuous Attainment Award (1986) \nYWCA of Richmond's Outstanding Woman of the Year (1986) \nRichmond First Club's Good Government Award (1987) \nRichmond Urban League's Charlotte T. Washington Community Services Award (1988) \nStyle Magazine's Richmonder of the Year (1991) \nHousing Opportunities Made Equal (H.O.M.E.) Fair Housing Award \nH.O.M.E. Sallie Wilson Peake Memorial Award for Outstanding Support of Fair Housing \nNational Multiple Sclerosis Society, Silver Hope Award (1994) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eHonorary Degrees Mrs. McClenahan has received: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDoctor of Humanities from University of Richmond \nDoctor of Humane Letters from St. Paul's College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Washington and Lee University \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Hollins College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Virginia Commonwealth University \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan is a Richmond community leader, activist and philanthropist. She has been described as the \"conscience of Richmond\" for her contributions to the Richmond community in the areas of racial harmony, housing, Richmond revitalization and historic preservation. She has also been active in the arts, her church, and education.","Born in Richmond on April 6, 1917, Mary Tyler is the daughter of Douglas Southall Freeman (1886-1953), noted historian and journalist, and Inez Goddin Freeman (1891-1974). She attended St. Catherine's School and Vassar College, receiving an A.B. in English-Creative Writing in 1937.","After college she worked briefly as a secretary in the Department of Fine Arts of William and Mary College where she met Leslie Cheek, Jr. (1908-1992), then head of the department. They married in 1939. The Cheeks lived in Baltimore for three years while Mr. Cheek was Director of the Baltimore Museum of Fine Arts and in Washington, D.C. during World War II. While Mr. Cheek served in the Army, Mrs. McClenahan volunteered as a nurse's aid. After Cheek's discharge from the Army in 1945, they lived in New York City where Cheek had been hired as an Associate Editor of Architectural Forum Magazine. The couple returned to Richmond when Cheek became the first director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1948-1968). The Cheeks had four children. After Mr. Cheek's death in 1992, Mrs. Cheek married Dr. John Lorimer McClenahan, a retired Pennsylvanian radiologist, the following year.","Mrs. McClenahan is responsible for a number of Richmond civic initiatives, including bringing together the 35 groups that make up the Richmond Better Housing Coalition and founding the Richmond Urban Forum. She was twice president of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood and has participated as a volunteer and board member of numerous Richmond civic organizations, including Richmond Renaissance and Richmond-On- The- James. She has also been an active member of Richmond's historic St. Paul's Episcopal Church.","Some of the organizations Mrs. McClenahan has been associated with include: ","Member, Executive Committee and Board of The Arts Council of Richmond \nMember, 175th Anniversary of the Executive Mansion Commission \nAdvisory Committee Girl Scouts \nMember, Board of Historic Richmond Foundation \nDame and Member of the Board of Governors of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem \nMember, National Committee, Jefferson Poplar Forest Fund \nMember, Board of Leadership Metro Richmond \nMember, Board of Maymont Foundation \nChairman, Film Committee of the National Council for America's First Freedom: The Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom \nRichmond AIDS Ministry \nCo-Chairman, Richmond Better Housing Coalition \nMember, Board of Richmond Hill \nMember, Board of Richmond-On-The-James \nMember, Executive Committee and Board of Richmond Renaissance \nFounder and Honorary Chairman, Richmond Urban Forum \nDirector for Virginia and Past President, Robert E. Lee Memorial Association which administers Stratford Hall, the birthplace of Robert E. Lee \nFormer Vestry member and Junior Warden of St. Paul's Episcopal Church \nMember, Board of Theatre Virginia Past President (twice) and honorary board member of Virginia League for Planned Parenthood \nTrustee, Virginia Union University ","Clubs include: ","Cosmopolitan Club, NYC \nHroswitha Club, NYC \nJames River Garden Club, Richmond \nRichmond First Club \nRichmond Kiwanis \nVirginia Writer's Club \nWoman's Club of Richmond ","Awards Mrs. McClenahan has received include: ","Richmond's Christmas Mother (1973) \nAssociation for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities' Mary Maso Williams Award (1977) \nJunior League of Richmond's Barbara Renson Andrews Award for Distinguished Volunteer Service (1982) \nSt Catherine's School's Distinguished Alumni Award (1983) \nVirginia League of Planned Parenthood Distinguished Service Award (1984) \nNational Conference of Christian and Jews' Brotherhood Citation (1985) \nOmicron Delta Kappa's Conspicuous Attainment Award (1986) \nYWCA of Richmond's Outstanding Woman of the Year (1986) \nRichmond First Club's Good Government Award (1987) \nRichmond Urban League's Charlotte T. Washington Community Services Award (1988) \nStyle Magazine's Richmonder of the Year (1991) \nHousing Opportunities Made Equal (H.O.M.E.) Fair Housing Award \nH.O.M.E. Sallie Wilson Peake Memorial Award for Outstanding Support of Fair Housing \nNational Multiple Sclerosis Society, Silver Hope Award (1994) ","Honorary Degrees Mrs. McClenahan has received: ","Doctor of Humanities from University of Richmond \nDoctor of Humane Letters from St. Paul's College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Washington and Lee University \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Hollins College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Virginia Commonwealth University "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/Folder, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan Papers, M 302, Special Collection and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/Folder, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan Papers, M 302, Special Collection and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes correspondence, notes, clippings, various organizational minutes, reports and files, drafts of speeches, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1933 through 1993. The bulk of the collection dates from the late 1970s through the early 1990s and focuses on Mrs. McClenahan's involvement on issues of race, housing, historic preservation, and Richmond revitalization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe organizational records in the collection include material from many of Richmond's major civic organizations, including Planned Parenthood, the Richmond Better Housing Coalition, Richmond-On-The-James, Richmond Renaissance and the Richmond Urban Forum. The activities of other organizations are also represented to a lesser degree. A number of these organizations are represented in other collections within Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Please ask a staff member for more information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains material documenting Mrs. McClenahan's involvement in education, the arts and politics in Richmond and Virginia, in St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and speeches she has given. Other material in the collection ranges from correspondence of friends and family to material on her daily life, social plans, family holidays and vacations to information on her various interests\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes correspondence, notes, clippings, various organizational minutes, reports and files, drafts of speeches, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1933 through 1993. The bulk of the collection dates from the late 1970s through the early 1990s and focuses on Mrs. McClenahan's involvement on issues of race, housing, historic preservation, and Richmond revitalization.","The organizational records in the collection include material from many of Richmond's major civic organizations, including Planned Parenthood, the Richmond Better Housing Coalition, Richmond-On-The-James, Richmond Renaissance and the Richmond Urban Forum. The activities of other organizations are also represented to a lesser degree. A number of these organizations are represented in other collections within Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Please ask a staff member for more information.","The collection also contains material documenting Mrs. McClenahan's involvement in education, the arts and politics in Richmond and Virginia, in St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and speeches she has given. Other material in the collection ranges from correspondence of friends and family to material on her daily life, social plans, family holidays and vacations to information on her various interests"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)","McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)","McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2899,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-10T07:10:22.597Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c570"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_116","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William Byrd Community House records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_116#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_116#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the history, camps, committees and programs, the Oregon Hill Project, reports and budgets of the William Byrd Community House. There are also a small number of slides that show the houses involved in the housing projects of Oregon Hill and other programs.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_116#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_116","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_116","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_116","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_116","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_116.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00029.xml","title_ssm":["William Byrd Community House records"],"title_tesim":["William Byrd Community House records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1946-1986"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1946-1986"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 259","/repositories/5/resources/116"],"text":["M 259","/repositories/5/resources/116","William Byrd Community House records","Oregon Hill (Richmond, Va.) -- Social conditions.","Community-based social services -- Virginia -- Richmond","Community centers -- Virginia -- Richmond","Social settlements -- Virginia -- Richmond.","No restrictions on access.","Collection is arranged alphabetically by series and chronologically therein. Series I--General Files,1959-1986; Series II--Constitution and By-Laws, 1960-1977; Series III--Camps, 1961-1968; Series IV--Committees and Programs, 1959-1981; Series V--Oregon Hill Project, 1954-1979; Series VI--Correspondence, 1969-1983; Series VII-Reports, 1946-1984; Series VIII--Budgets, 1949-1981; Series IX--Slides of Housing Projects","According to the William Byrd Community House 1975 Annual Report, \"the idea of the organization was conceived early in this century when a small group of nurses, ministering to the sick on Oregon Hill, observed increasing symptoms of poverty. In an effort to help these people find new meaning for their lives, they organized clubs and classes offering recreational and educational facilities. In 1923 the WBCH, operating under a new charter of incorporation, was organized to carry on these programs. After its incorporation, the WBCH became a charter member of the National Federation of Settlements. The agency has been housed at four different locations. Since 1947 the WBCH has been housed in the Arent's Free Library, the first free library in Richmond, located at 224 South Cherry Street. One wing of the building continues to serve as a library for the neighborhood.","\"Several civic organizations have played an invaluable part in our history by providing support and encouragement. The Richmond Kiwanis club helped to equip our building and playground. They so completely outfitted our playground that it was designated as the 'Kiwanis Playground.' The Cosmopolitan Club completely equipped our dental clinic and have for nearly twenty-five years continued to support this program. In 1968 the Rotary Boys Club, operating in the neighborhood since 1948, merged with WBCH. The Richmond Rotary Club phased out their support over a four year period. Many other clubs and organizations throughout the city have sent us both volunteers and material gifts over the years. At the present time, the WBCH is comprised of three integral parts: Community House activities and WBCH Field and Gymnasium, both funded by the United Way of Greater Richmond, and Arent's Free Public Library whose operating costs are paid by the St. Andrew's Association, Trustees of Miss Arent's Estate.","\"The area served by the WBCH is bounded by the James River on the south, Belvidere Street on the east, Main Street on the north and Randolph Street on the west. The agency's total service area included approximately 4,400 residents.\"","This collection consists of the history, camps, committees and programs, the Oregon Hill Project, reports and budgets of the William Byrd Community House. There are also a small number of slides that show the houses involved in the housing projects of Oregon Hill and other programs.","No restrictions on use.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 259","/repositories/5/resources/116"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Byrd Community House records"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Byrd Community House records"],"collection_ssim":["William Byrd Community House records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Oregon Hill (Richmond, Va.) -- Social conditions."],"geogname_ssim":["Oregon Hill (Richmond, Va.) -- Social conditions."],"creator_ssm":["William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Oregon Hill (Richmond, Va.) -- Social conditions."],"access_terms_ssm":["No restrictions on use."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was a donation to the department authorized by the Board of Directors of the William Byrd Community House in January 1989."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Community-based social services -- Virginia -- Richmond","Community centers -- Virginia -- Richmond","Social settlements -- Virginia -- Richmond."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Community-based social services -- Virginia -- Richmond","Community centers -- Virginia -- Richmond","Social settlements -- Virginia -- Richmond."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["27.98 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["27.98 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo restrictions on access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No restrictions on access."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged alphabetically by series and chronologically therein. Series I--General Files,1959-1986; Series II--Constitution and By-Laws, 1960-1977; Series III--Camps, 1961-1968; Series IV--Committees and Programs, 1959-1981; Series V--Oregon Hill Project, 1954-1979; Series VI--Correspondence, 1969-1983; Series VII-Reports, 1946-1984; Series VIII--Budgets, 1949-1981; Series IX--Slides of Housing Projects\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged alphabetically by series and chronologically therein. Series I--General Files,1959-1986; Series II--Constitution and By-Laws, 1960-1977; Series III--Camps, 1961-1968; Series IV--Committees and Programs, 1959-1981; Series V--Oregon Hill Project, 1954-1979; Series VI--Correspondence, 1969-1983; Series VII-Reports, 1946-1984; Series VIII--Budgets, 1949-1981; Series IX--Slides of Housing Projects"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccording to the William Byrd Community House 1975 Annual Report, \"the idea of the organization was conceived early in this century when a small group of nurses, ministering to the sick on Oregon Hill, observed increasing symptoms of poverty. In an effort to help these people find new meaning for their lives, they organized clubs and classes offering recreational and educational facilities. In 1923 the WBCH, operating under a new charter of incorporation, was organized to carry on these programs. After its incorporation, the WBCH became a charter member of the National Federation of Settlements. The agency has been housed at four different locations. Since 1947 the WBCH has been housed in the Arent's Free Library, the first free library in Richmond, located at 224 South Cherry Street. One wing of the building continues to serve as a library for the neighborhood.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Several civic organizations have played an invaluable part in our history by providing support and encouragement. The Richmond Kiwanis club helped to equip our building and playground. They so completely outfitted our playground that it was designated as the 'Kiwanis Playground.' The Cosmopolitan Club completely equipped our dental clinic and have for nearly twenty-five years continued to support this program. In 1968 the Rotary Boys Club, operating in the neighborhood since 1948, merged with WBCH. The Richmond Rotary Club phased out their support over a four year period. Many other clubs and organizations throughout the city have sent us both volunteers and material gifts over the years. At the present time, the WBCH is comprised of three integral parts: Community House activities and WBCH Field and Gymnasium, both funded by the United Way of Greater Richmond, and Arent's Free Public Library whose operating costs are paid by the St. Andrew's Association, Trustees of Miss Arent's Estate.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The area served by the WBCH is bounded by the James River on the south, Belvidere Street on the east, Main Street on the north and Randolph Street on the west. The agency's total service area included approximately 4,400 residents.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["According to the William Byrd Community House 1975 Annual Report, \"the idea of the organization was conceived early in this century when a small group of nurses, ministering to the sick on Oregon Hill, observed increasing symptoms of poverty. In an effort to help these people find new meaning for their lives, they organized clubs and classes offering recreational and educational facilities. In 1923 the WBCH, operating under a new charter of incorporation, was organized to carry on these programs. After its incorporation, the WBCH became a charter member of the National Federation of Settlements. The agency has been housed at four different locations. Since 1947 the WBCH has been housed in the Arent's Free Library, the first free library in Richmond, located at 224 South Cherry Street. One wing of the building continues to serve as a library for the neighborhood.","\"Several civic organizations have played an invaluable part in our history by providing support and encouragement. The Richmond Kiwanis club helped to equip our building and playground. They so completely outfitted our playground that it was designated as the 'Kiwanis Playground.' The Cosmopolitan Club completely equipped our dental clinic and have for nearly twenty-five years continued to support this program. In 1968 the Rotary Boys Club, operating in the neighborhood since 1948, merged with WBCH. The Richmond Rotary Club phased out their support over a four year period. Many other clubs and organizations throughout the city have sent us both volunteers and material gifts over the years. At the present time, the WBCH is comprised of three integral parts: Community House activities and WBCH Field and Gymnasium, both funded by the United Way of Greater Richmond, and Arent's Free Public Library whose operating costs are paid by the St. Andrew's Association, Trustees of Miss Arent's Estate.","\"The area served by the WBCH is bounded by the James River on the south, Belvidere Street on the east, Main Street on the north and Randolph Street on the west. The agency's total service area included approximately 4,400 residents.\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, William Byrd Community House, M 259, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, William Byrd Community House, M 259, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the history, camps, committees and programs, the Oregon Hill Project, reports and budgets of the William Byrd Community House. There are also a small number of slides that show the houses involved in the housing projects of Oregon Hill and other programs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the history, camps, committees and programs, the Oregon Hill Project, reports and budgets of the William Byrd Community House. There are also a small number of slides that show the houses involved in the housing projects of Oregon Hill and other programs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo restrictions on use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No restrictions on use."],"names_coll_ssim":["William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":507,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:33.324Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_116","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_116","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_116","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_116","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_116.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00029.xml","title_ssm":["William Byrd Community House records"],"title_tesim":["William Byrd Community House records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1946-1986"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1946-1986"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 259","/repositories/5/resources/116"],"text":["M 259","/repositories/5/resources/116","William Byrd Community House records","Oregon Hill (Richmond, Va.) -- Social conditions.","Community-based social services -- Virginia -- Richmond","Community centers -- Virginia -- Richmond","Social settlements -- Virginia -- Richmond.","No restrictions on access.","Collection is arranged alphabetically by series and chronologically therein. Series I--General Files,1959-1986; Series II--Constitution and By-Laws, 1960-1977; Series III--Camps, 1961-1968; Series IV--Committees and Programs, 1959-1981; Series V--Oregon Hill Project, 1954-1979; Series VI--Correspondence, 1969-1983; Series VII-Reports, 1946-1984; Series VIII--Budgets, 1949-1981; Series IX--Slides of Housing Projects","According to the William Byrd Community House 1975 Annual Report, \"the idea of the organization was conceived early in this century when a small group of nurses, ministering to the sick on Oregon Hill, observed increasing symptoms of poverty. In an effort to help these people find new meaning for their lives, they organized clubs and classes offering recreational and educational facilities. In 1923 the WBCH, operating under a new charter of incorporation, was organized to carry on these programs. After its incorporation, the WBCH became a charter member of the National Federation of Settlements. The agency has been housed at four different locations. Since 1947 the WBCH has been housed in the Arent's Free Library, the first free library in Richmond, located at 224 South Cherry Street. One wing of the building continues to serve as a library for the neighborhood.","\"Several civic organizations have played an invaluable part in our history by providing support and encouragement. The Richmond Kiwanis club helped to equip our building and playground. They so completely outfitted our playground that it was designated as the 'Kiwanis Playground.' The Cosmopolitan Club completely equipped our dental clinic and have for nearly twenty-five years continued to support this program. In 1968 the Rotary Boys Club, operating in the neighborhood since 1948, merged with WBCH. The Richmond Rotary Club phased out their support over a four year period. Many other clubs and organizations throughout the city have sent us both volunteers and material gifts over the years. At the present time, the WBCH is comprised of three integral parts: Community House activities and WBCH Field and Gymnasium, both funded by the United Way of Greater Richmond, and Arent's Free Public Library whose operating costs are paid by the St. Andrew's Association, Trustees of Miss Arent's Estate.","\"The area served by the WBCH is bounded by the James River on the south, Belvidere Street on the east, Main Street on the north and Randolph Street on the west. The agency's total service area included approximately 4,400 residents.\"","This collection consists of the history, camps, committees and programs, the Oregon Hill Project, reports and budgets of the William Byrd Community House. There are also a small number of slides that show the houses involved in the housing projects of Oregon Hill and other programs.","No restrictions on use.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 259","/repositories/5/resources/116"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Byrd Community House records"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Byrd Community House records"],"collection_ssim":["William Byrd Community House records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Oregon Hill (Richmond, Va.) -- Social conditions."],"geogname_ssim":["Oregon Hill (Richmond, Va.) -- Social conditions."],"creator_ssm":["William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Oregon Hill (Richmond, Va.) -- Social conditions."],"access_terms_ssm":["No restrictions on use."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was a donation to the department authorized by the Board of Directors of the William Byrd Community House in January 1989."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Community-based social services -- Virginia -- Richmond","Community centers -- Virginia -- Richmond","Social settlements -- Virginia -- Richmond."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Community-based social services -- Virginia -- Richmond","Community centers -- Virginia -- Richmond","Social settlements -- Virginia -- Richmond."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["27.98 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["27.98 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo restrictions on access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No restrictions on access."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged alphabetically by series and chronologically therein. Series I--General Files,1959-1986; Series II--Constitution and By-Laws, 1960-1977; Series III--Camps, 1961-1968; Series IV--Committees and Programs, 1959-1981; Series V--Oregon Hill Project, 1954-1979; Series VI--Correspondence, 1969-1983; Series VII-Reports, 1946-1984; Series VIII--Budgets, 1949-1981; Series IX--Slides of Housing Projects\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged alphabetically by series and chronologically therein. Series I--General Files,1959-1986; Series II--Constitution and By-Laws, 1960-1977; Series III--Camps, 1961-1968; Series IV--Committees and Programs, 1959-1981; Series V--Oregon Hill Project, 1954-1979; Series VI--Correspondence, 1969-1983; Series VII-Reports, 1946-1984; Series VIII--Budgets, 1949-1981; Series IX--Slides of Housing Projects"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccording to the William Byrd Community House 1975 Annual Report, \"the idea of the organization was conceived early in this century when a small group of nurses, ministering to the sick on Oregon Hill, observed increasing symptoms of poverty. In an effort to help these people find new meaning for their lives, they organized clubs and classes offering recreational and educational facilities. In 1923 the WBCH, operating under a new charter of incorporation, was organized to carry on these programs. After its incorporation, the WBCH became a charter member of the National Federation of Settlements. The agency has been housed at four different locations. Since 1947 the WBCH has been housed in the Arent's Free Library, the first free library in Richmond, located at 224 South Cherry Street. One wing of the building continues to serve as a library for the neighborhood.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Several civic organizations have played an invaluable part in our history by providing support and encouragement. The Richmond Kiwanis club helped to equip our building and playground. They so completely outfitted our playground that it was designated as the 'Kiwanis Playground.' The Cosmopolitan Club completely equipped our dental clinic and have for nearly twenty-five years continued to support this program. In 1968 the Rotary Boys Club, operating in the neighborhood since 1948, merged with WBCH. The Richmond Rotary Club phased out their support over a four year period. Many other clubs and organizations throughout the city have sent us both volunteers and material gifts over the years. At the present time, the WBCH is comprised of three integral parts: Community House activities and WBCH Field and Gymnasium, both funded by the United Way of Greater Richmond, and Arent's Free Public Library whose operating costs are paid by the St. Andrew's Association, Trustees of Miss Arent's Estate.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The area served by the WBCH is bounded by the James River on the south, Belvidere Street on the east, Main Street on the north and Randolph Street on the west. The agency's total service area included approximately 4,400 residents.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["According to the William Byrd Community House 1975 Annual Report, \"the idea of the organization was conceived early in this century when a small group of nurses, ministering to the sick on Oregon Hill, observed increasing symptoms of poverty. In an effort to help these people find new meaning for their lives, they organized clubs and classes offering recreational and educational facilities. In 1923 the WBCH, operating under a new charter of incorporation, was organized to carry on these programs. After its incorporation, the WBCH became a charter member of the National Federation of Settlements. The agency has been housed at four different locations. Since 1947 the WBCH has been housed in the Arent's Free Library, the first free library in Richmond, located at 224 South Cherry Street. One wing of the building continues to serve as a library for the neighborhood.","\"Several civic organizations have played an invaluable part in our history by providing support and encouragement. The Richmond Kiwanis club helped to equip our building and playground. They so completely outfitted our playground that it was designated as the 'Kiwanis Playground.' The Cosmopolitan Club completely equipped our dental clinic and have for nearly twenty-five years continued to support this program. In 1968 the Rotary Boys Club, operating in the neighborhood since 1948, merged with WBCH. The Richmond Rotary Club phased out their support over a four year period. Many other clubs and organizations throughout the city have sent us both volunteers and material gifts over the years. At the present time, the WBCH is comprised of three integral parts: Community House activities and WBCH Field and Gymnasium, both funded by the United Way of Greater Richmond, and Arent's Free Public Library whose operating costs are paid by the St. Andrew's Association, Trustees of Miss Arent's Estate.","\"The area served by the WBCH is bounded by the James River on the south, Belvidere Street on the east, Main Street on the north and Randolph Street on the west. The agency's total service area included approximately 4,400 residents.\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, William Byrd Community House, M 259, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, William Byrd Community House, M 259, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the history, camps, committees and programs, the Oregon Hill Project, reports and budgets of the William Byrd Community House. There are also a small number of slides that show the houses involved in the housing projects of Oregon Hill and other programs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the history, camps, committees and programs, the Oregon Hill Project, reports and budgets of the William Byrd Community House. There are also a small number of slides that show the houses involved in the housing projects of Oregon Hill and other programs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo restrictions on use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No restrictions on use."],"names_coll_ssim":["William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","William Byrd Community House (Richmond, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":507,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:33.324Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_116"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_575","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William Lee Cosby papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_575#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Kellam, E. Polk, Mrs., 1916-2014","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_575#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of correspondence to and about Dr. Cosby, photographs of time in the Richmond Ambulance Corps and at the Medical College of Virginia, photographs of his family, a 1909 MCV commencement program and diploma seal, and newspaper clippings detailing Dr. Cosby's life on the Eastern Shore.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_575#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_575","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_575","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_575","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_575","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_575.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Cosby, William Lee, papers","title_ssm":["William Lee Cosby papers"],"title_tesim":["William Lee Cosby papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1904-1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1904-1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1984.02.04","/repositories/3/resources/575"],"text":["1984.02.04","/repositories/3/resources/575","William Lee Cosby papers","Physicians -- Virginia.","Ambulance service","Photographs","The collection is open to research.","The materials had no discernable order when acquired. The materials have been grouped together to easily facilitate research, consisting of correspondence, photographs, commencement materials, and newspaper clippings.","William Lee Cosby was born September 14, 1885 in Powhatan County, VA. He attended Liberty Hall School in Lodi, Virginia, and graduated from the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in Richmond, VA in 1909. After graduating from MCV, he was part of Richmond's first ambulance service, and also practiced in Gloucester County for a short time. In 1910 he moved to Painter, VA on the Eastern Shore to be the town's doctor. He married Amine Cobb in 1914, and together they had 5 children. He was well-loved in Painter for his work and kindness, and worked until his retirement in 1955. After a long illness, Cosby died November 13, 1965 in Accomack County, VA.","The collection consists of correspondence to and about Dr. Cosby, photographs of time in the Richmond Ambulance Corps and at the Medical College of Virginia, photographs of his family, a 1909 MCV commencement program and diploma seal, and newspaper clippings detailing Dr. Cosby's life on the Eastern Shore.","See also the Diploma and Certificate collection (2015.02.03) which contains Dr. Cosby's 1909 diploma from the Medical College of Virginia","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Kellam, E. Polk, Mrs., 1916-2014","Cosby, William Lee, 1885-1965","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1984.02.04","/repositories/3/resources/575"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Lee Cosby papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Lee Cosby papers"],"collection_ssim":["William Lee Cosby papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Kellam, E. Polk, Mrs., 1916-2014"],"creator_ssim":["Kellam, E. Polk, Mrs., 1916-2014"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kellam, E. Polk, Mrs., 1916-2014"],"creators_ssim":["Kellam, E. Polk, Mrs., 1916-2014"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Physicians -- Virginia.","Ambulance service","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Physicians -- Virginia.","Ambulance service","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Linear Feet One 2.5\" document case"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Linear Feet One 2.5\" document case"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials had no discernable order when acquired. The materials have been grouped together to easily facilitate research, consisting of correspondence, photographs, commencement materials, and newspaper clippings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials had no discernable order when acquired. The materials have been grouped together to easily facilitate research, consisting of correspondence, photographs, commencement materials, and newspaper clippings."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Lee Cosby was born September 14, 1885 in Powhatan County, VA. He attended Liberty Hall School in Lodi, Virginia, and graduated from the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in Richmond, VA in 1909. After graduating from MCV, he was part of Richmond's first ambulance service, and also practiced in Gloucester County for a short time. In 1910 he moved to Painter, VA on the Eastern Shore to be the town's doctor. He married Amine Cobb in 1914, and together they had 5 children. He was well-loved in Painter for his work and kindness, and worked until his retirement in 1955. After a long illness, Cosby died November 13, 1965 in Accomack County, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Lee Cosby was born September 14, 1885 in Powhatan County, VA. He attended Liberty Hall School in Lodi, Virginia, and graduated from the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in Richmond, VA in 1909. After graduating from MCV, he was part of Richmond's first ambulance service, and also practiced in Gloucester County for a short time. In 1910 he moved to Painter, VA on the Eastern Shore to be the town's doctor. He married Amine Cobb in 1914, and together they had 5 children. He was well-loved in Painter for his work and kindness, and worked until his retirement in 1955. After a long illness, Cosby died November 13, 1965 in Accomack County, VA."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Lee Cosby papers, 1904-1980, Accession number 1984.02.04, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["William Lee Cosby papers, 1904-1980, Accession number 1984.02.04, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of correspondence to and about Dr. Cosby, photographs of time in the Richmond Ambulance Corps and at the Medical College of Virginia, photographs of his family, a 1909 MCV commencement program and diploma seal, and newspaper clippings detailing Dr. Cosby's life on the Eastern Shore.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of correspondence to and about Dr. Cosby, photographs of time in the Richmond Ambulance Corps and at the Medical College of Virginia, photographs of his family, a 1909 MCV commencement program and diploma seal, and newspaper clippings detailing Dr. Cosby's life on the Eastern Shore."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also the Diploma and Certificate collection (2015.02.03) which contains Dr. Cosby's 1909 diploma from the Medical College of Virginia\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["See also the Diploma and Certificate collection (2015.02.03) which contains Dr. Cosby's 1909 diploma from the Medical College of Virginia"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Kellam, E. Polk, Mrs., 1916-2014","Cosby, William Lee, 1885-1965"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Kellam, E. Polk, Mrs., 1916-2014","Cosby, William Lee, 1885-1965"],"persname_ssim":["Kellam, E. Polk, Mrs., 1916-2014","Cosby, William Lee, 1885-1965"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:28.221Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_575","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_575","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_575","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_575","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_575.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Cosby, William Lee, papers","title_ssm":["William Lee Cosby papers"],"title_tesim":["William Lee Cosby papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1904-1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1904-1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1984.02.04","/repositories/3/resources/575"],"text":["1984.02.04","/repositories/3/resources/575","William Lee Cosby papers","Physicians -- Virginia.","Ambulance service","Photographs","The collection is open to research.","The materials had no discernable order when acquired. 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After a long illness, Cosby died November 13, 1965 in Accomack County, VA.","The collection consists of correspondence to and about Dr. Cosby, photographs of time in the Richmond Ambulance Corps and at the Medical College of Virginia, photographs of his family, a 1909 MCV commencement program and diploma seal, and newspaper clippings detailing Dr. Cosby's life on the Eastern Shore.","See also the Diploma and Certificate collection (2015.02.03) which contains Dr. Cosby's 1909 diploma from the Medical College of Virginia","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Kellam, E. Polk, Mrs., 1916-2014","Cosby, William Lee, 1885-1965","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1984.02.04","/repositories/3/resources/575"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Lee Cosby papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Lee Cosby papers"],"collection_ssim":["William Lee Cosby papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Kellam, E. Polk, Mrs., 1916-2014"],"creator_ssim":["Kellam, E. Polk, Mrs., 1916-2014"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kellam, E. Polk, Mrs., 1916-2014"],"creators_ssim":["Kellam, E. Polk, Mrs., 1916-2014"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Physicians -- Virginia.","Ambulance service","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Physicians -- Virginia.","Ambulance service","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Linear Feet One 2.5\" document case"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Linear Feet One 2.5\" document case"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials had no discernable order when acquired. The materials have been grouped together to easily facilitate research, consisting of correspondence, photographs, commencement materials, and newspaper clippings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials had no discernable order when acquired. The materials have been grouped together to easily facilitate research, consisting of correspondence, photographs, commencement materials, and newspaper clippings."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Lee Cosby was born September 14, 1885 in Powhatan County, VA. He attended Liberty Hall School in Lodi, Virginia, and graduated from the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in Richmond, VA in 1909. After graduating from MCV, he was part of Richmond's first ambulance service, and also practiced in Gloucester County for a short time. In 1910 he moved to Painter, VA on the Eastern Shore to be the town's doctor. He married Amine Cobb in 1914, and together they had 5 children. 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After a long illness, Cosby died November 13, 1965 in Accomack County, VA."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Lee Cosby papers, 1904-1980, Accession number 1984.02.04, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["William Lee Cosby papers, 1904-1980, Accession number 1984.02.04, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of correspondence to and about Dr. Cosby, photographs of time in the Richmond Ambulance Corps and at the Medical College of Virginia, photographs of his family, a 1909 MCV commencement program and diploma seal, and newspaper clippings detailing Dr. Cosby's life on the Eastern Shore.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of correspondence to and about Dr. Cosby, photographs of time in the Richmond Ambulance Corps and at the Medical College of Virginia, photographs of his family, a 1909 MCV commencement program and diploma seal, and newspaper clippings detailing Dr. Cosby's life on the Eastern Shore."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also the Diploma and Certificate collection (2015.02.03) which contains Dr. Cosby's 1909 diploma from the Medical College of Virginia\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["See also the Diploma and Certificate collection (2015.02.03) which contains Dr. Cosby's 1909 diploma from the Medical College of Virginia"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Kellam, E. 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