{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026page=156","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026page=155","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026page=157","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026page=162"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":156,"next_page":157,"prev_page":155,"total_pages":162,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":1550,"total_count":1611,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_413_c02_c03","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"\"Welcome back to the memories…\" Photographs (folder 3 of 3), 1940/1995","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_413_c02_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_413_c02_c03","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_413_c02_c03"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_413_c02_c03","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_413","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_413","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_413_c02","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_413_c02","parent_ssim":["Alumni Association Records, 1924/2016","Photographs, 1945/1995"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_413","vihart_repositories_4_resources_413_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"\"Welcome back to the memories…\" Photographs (folder 3 of 3)","title_ssm":["\"Welcome back to the memories…\" Photographs (folder 3 of 3)"],"title_tesim":["\"Welcome back to the memories…\" Photographs (folder 3 of 3)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"Welcome back to the memories…\" Photographs (folder 3 of 3), 1940/1995"],"text":["\"Welcome back to the memories…\" Photographs (folder 3 of 3), 1940/1995","Alumni Association Records, 1924/2016","Photographs, 1945/1995","box 13","folder 3"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Alumni Association Records, 1924/2016","Photographs, 1945/1995"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Alumni Association Records, 1924/2016","Photographs, 1945/1995"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940/1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-1995"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":98,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Alumni Association Records, 1924/2016"],"containers_ssim":["box 13","folder 3"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#2","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_413","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_413","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_413","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_413","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_413.xml","title_ssm":["Alumni Association Records"],"title_tesim":["Alumni Association Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1924-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1924-2016"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1924/2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alumni Association Records, 1924/2016"],"text":["Alumni Association Records, 1924/2016","UA 0022","/repositories/4/resources/413","College students","Administrative records","Photographs","Letters (correspondence)","Newsletters","Membership lists","Booklets","Scrapbooks","Photograph albums","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Negatives are unavailable pending reformatting. Reformatted access copies may be available upon request.","Original media is unavailable pending reformatting. Reformatted access copies may be available upon request.","The collection is arranged in three series.","Administrative Files, 1931-2016\n      Photographs, 1945-1995\n      2023-0127, 2023-0419, 1924-2008 Accessions","\"History of Bluestone Reunions.\" http://www.alumni.jmu.edu/s/1591/gid3-Alumni/index.aspx?sid=1591\u0026gid=3\u0026pgid=3124 (accessed August 2017).","\"About the JMU Alumni Association.\" http://www.alumni.jmu.edu/s/1591/gid3-Alumni/index.aspx?sid=1591\u0026gid=3\u0026pgid=3124 (accessed August 2017).","The JMU Alumni association was formed June 13, 1911, soon after the first 20 women graduated from the school, then the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg. At the time, it was known as the Alumnae Association, reflecting its all-women membership. As the growing Madison College began accepting male students, the association renamed itself the Alumni Association to reflect the institution's move towards coeducation. In 2017, the Alumni Association had over 127,000 members.","The JMU Alumni Association is a JMU organization which facilitates relations with JMU alumni and the university, encouraging their continued engagement and support for the school. The organization's membership consists of all individuals who have completed 12 credit hours from JMU or its previous institutional iterations.","The Alumni Association is directed by the Alumni Board of Directors, an executive committee, and representatives from the JMU Board of Visitors. The primary actions and strategies of the Board of Directors are carried out by the Office of Alumni Relations.","One of the most visible activities the Alumni Association organizes is class reunions. The reunions take place at regular intervals after a class's graduation. The Alumni Association handles the logistical issues in planning, notifying, and registering alumni for the event. Festivities often include campus tours, luncheons, and group photographs.","The Alumni Association also oversees the Bluestone Society, a subgroup of alumni from JMU having celebrated their 50th class reunion. Bluestone reunions are marked by larger-scale events and festivities and the members' induction into the society. The earliest mention of the organization was in 1974 at the 50th reunion of the class of 1924. Its official title was given in 1983 for the joint reunion of alumni from 1908 to 1933. All alumni who graduated 50 or more years ago are automatically inducted into the society. The society's name comes from the bluestone architecture of the quad area, the oldest portion of the JMU campus.","Duplicate photographs as well as negative strips of photographs were not retained. Slide negatives positively identified as pages or images from the yearbook or other historic photographs already part of UA 0051 were not retained. University publications were either discarded if duplicates or added to bibliographic holdings.","See also:  Alumni Collections held by Special Collections.","The collection consists of the administrative files and photographs of the Alumni Association, all referring to the individual graduated classes of JMU, Madison College, and the State Normal School. The collection also includes the photographs used in a commemorative reunion book and a VHS tape of 1999 reunions.","Series 1: Administrative Files, 1934-2015, is primarily made up of files used for the logistical planning of reunions and files created for reunion attendees. These files include photographs, reunion booklets, active class member lists, sign-up sheets, alumni correspondence, and newsletters. These files remain largely in their original order, organized by the graduating classes. Nearly every class file includes reunion booklets for reunions between 1970 and 2005. Most class files include group photographs of alumni during reunions, as well as candid shots of reunion festivities.","Some ephemeral material donated by alumni to be used to benefit reunion festivities. One such example is a Madison College degree as well as a sorority membership certificate, housed in the Class of 1955 file.","Also in the series are files for the Bluestone Society and unlabeled class files. The Bluestone Society file includes administrative files for early Bluestone Society reunions, as well as the alma mater for the society. The unlabeled class file includes materials from reunions, but hold no indication as to which graduating class they correspond.","Photographs with accompanying negatives remain in their original envelopes for organizational purposes.","A VHS tape labeled \"1999 Reunions\" is also included. This likely has recordings of the events and festivities of various reunions that took place in 1999. A note is included in the VHS box that lists names and addresses of alumni and their corresponding years, likely a list of alumni to whom copies of the VHS were distributed.","Series 2: Photographs, 1945-1995, is made up of the photographs submitted by various 1940s alumni to be compiled into the \"Welcome back to the memories... the decade of the '40s\" yearbook-style book given to Bluestone Society members during reunions in the 1990s. All photographs have reference tags attached to refer to its location in the book. The photographs are largely of the 1940s alumni, most taken in the 1990s to represent the alumni at the time of the reunion. The alumni are mostly depicted with friends and family. Many photographs have hand-written notes on the back to identify those pictured and context. These photographs are all represented in the book, most with additional detail on those depicted.","Photographs are stored according to size for organizational purposes.","Series 3: Accession 2023-0127, 2023-0419, 1924-2008, primarily comprises photographs and photograph albums from events organized by the Alumni Association. Events include reunion weekend festivities, Bluestone Society inductions, Homecoming, Leeolou Alumni Center grand opening and parties, golf tournaments, award ceremonies, and group trips. Administrative files include planning documents, peer institution research, and reunion logistics.","Features commencement, general campus views, buildings and grounds, snow scenes, autumn and changing leaves, Quad, Greek Row, Wilson Hall and cupola, Sonner Hall, Carrier Library, Convocation Center, Warren Hall, Burruss Hall, Hillside dormitories, Newman Lake, Marching Royal Dukes, athletics, students, aerials, 1982 NCAA men's basketball tournament, freshmen move-in, and more.","Documents September 1989 trip to Smith Mountain Lake and April 1990 trip to Edisto Island, South Carolina. Also includes photographs of campus dating to March 1990.","Documents the Class of 1943 50th reunion weekend.","Binder includes inidividual headshots of students along with their biographical information (hometown, high school, graduation date, major, extracurriculars, etc.). The binder is labeled \"S. A. Alumni\" but it is unclear what group or organization this refers to.","Assorted photographs include a trip to Scotland.","Documents group trip to Italy.","The yearbook-style reunion book Welcome back to the memories… the decade of the '40s has been removed from the collection and is cataloged as part of Special Collections' rare book collection.","Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The collection consists of the administrative files and photographs of the James Madison University Alumni Association, all referring to the individual graduated classes of JMU, Madison College, and the State Normal School.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Alumni Association","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Alumni and alumnae","James Madison University -- History","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Aufenger (Roanoke, Va.)","Carrier, Ronald E., 1932-2017","Rose, Linwood H. (Linwood Howard), 1951-","Lee, Emily Lewis, 1922-2014","Johnson, Deborah Tompkins","Roop, V. Inez Graybeal (Vivian Inez), 1913-2010","Driesell, Lefty, 1931-2024","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alumni Association Records, 1924/2016"],"collection_ssim":["Alumni Association Records, 1924/2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 0022","/repositories/4/resources/413"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 0022","/repositories/4/resources/413"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["James Madison University. Alumni Association"],"creator_ssim":["James Madison University. Alumni Association"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Carrier, Ronald E., 1932-2017","Rose, Linwood H. (Linwood Howard), 1951-","Lee, Emily Lewis, 1922-2014","Johnson, Deborah Tompkins","Roop, V. Inez Graybeal (Vivian Inez), 1913-2010","Driesell, Lefty, 1931-2024"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Alumni Association","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Alumni and alumnae","James Madison University -- History","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Aufenger (Roanoke, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Carrier, Ronald E., 1932-2017","Rose, Linwood H. (Linwood Howard), 1951-","Lee, Emily Lewis, 1922-2014","Johnson, Deborah Tompkins","Roop, V. Inez Graybeal (Vivian Inez), 1913-2010","Driesell, Lefty, 1931-2024","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Alumni Association","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Alumni and alumnae","James Madison University -- History","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Aufenger (Roanoke, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Transferred to Special Collections by the JMU Alumni Association in August 2016. A large grouping of materials primarily comprising photographs and photograph albums as well as administrative files were retrospectively accessioned in 2023. The immediate source and date of acquisition is unknown. Presumably these materials dealing primarily with JMU alumni were transferred to Special Collections by the Alumni Association, but an exact date of transfer is unknown."],"access_subjects_ssim":["College students","Administrative records","Photographs","Letters (correspondence)","Newsletters","Membership lists","Booklets","Scrapbooks","Photograph albums"],"access_subjects_ssm":["College students","Administrative records","Photographs","Letters (correspondence)","Newsletters","Membership lists","Booklets","Scrapbooks","Photograph albums"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.55 cubic feet 21 boxes, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["8.55 cubic feet 21 boxes, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Administrative records","Photographs","Letters (correspondence)","Newsletters","Membership lists","Booklets","Scrapbooks","Photograph albums"],"date_range_isim":[1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eNegatives are unavailable pending reformatting. Reformatted access copies may be available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal media is unavailable pending reformatting. Reformatted access copies may be available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Negatives are unavailable pending reformatting. Reformatted access copies may be available upon request.","Original media is unavailable pending reformatting. Reformatted access copies may be available upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in three series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAdministrative Files, 1931-2016\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhotographs, 1945-1995\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2023-0127, 2023-0419, 1924-2008 Accessions\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in three series.","Administrative Files, 1931-2016\n      Photographs, 1945-1995\n      2023-0127, 2023-0419, 1924-2008 Accessions"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\"History of Bluestone Reunions.\" http://www.alumni.jmu.edu/s/1591/gid3-Alumni/index.aspx?sid=1591\u0026amp;gid=3\u0026amp;pgid=3124 (accessed August 2017).\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"About the JMU Alumni Association.\" http://www.alumni.jmu.edu/s/1591/gid3-Alumni/index.aspx?sid=1591\u0026amp;gid=3\u0026amp;pgid=3124 (accessed August 2017).\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"History of Bluestone Reunions.\" http://www.alumni.jmu.edu/s/1591/gid3-Alumni/index.aspx?sid=1591\u0026gid=3\u0026pgid=3124 (accessed August 2017).","\"About the JMU Alumni Association.\" http://www.alumni.jmu.edu/s/1591/gid3-Alumni/index.aspx?sid=1591\u0026gid=3\u0026pgid=3124 (accessed August 2017)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe JMU Alumni association was formed June 13, 1911, soon after the first 20 women graduated from the school, then the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg. At the time, it was known as the Alumnae Association, reflecting its all-women membership. As the growing Madison College began accepting male students, the association renamed itself the Alumni Association to reflect the institution's move towards coeducation. In 2017, the Alumni Association had over 127,000 members. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe JMU Alumni Association is a JMU organization which facilitates relations with JMU alumni and the university, encouraging their continued engagement and support for the school. The organization's membership consists of all individuals who have completed 12 credit hours from JMU or its previous institutional iterations. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Alumni Association is directed by the Alumni Board of Directors, an executive committee, and representatives from the JMU Board of Visitors. The primary actions and strategies of the Board of Directors are carried out by the Office of Alumni Relations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne of the most visible activities the Alumni Association organizes is class reunions. The reunions take place at regular intervals after a class's graduation. The Alumni Association handles the logistical issues in planning, notifying, and registering alumni for the event. Festivities often include campus tours, luncheons, and group photographs. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Alumni Association also oversees the Bluestone Society, a subgroup of alumni from JMU having celebrated their 50th class reunion. Bluestone reunions are marked by larger-scale events and festivities and the members' induction into the society. The earliest mention of the organization was in 1974 at the 50th reunion of the class of 1924. Its official title was given in 1983 for the joint reunion of alumni from 1908 to 1933. All alumni who graduated 50 or more years ago are automatically inducted into the society. The society's name comes from the bluestone architecture of the quad area, the oldest portion of the JMU campus. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The JMU Alumni association was formed June 13, 1911, soon after the first 20 women graduated from the school, then the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg. At the time, it was known as the Alumnae Association, reflecting its all-women membership. As the growing Madison College began accepting male students, the association renamed itself the Alumni Association to reflect the institution's move towards coeducation. In 2017, the Alumni Association had over 127,000 members.","The JMU Alumni Association is a JMU organization which facilitates relations with JMU alumni and the university, encouraging their continued engagement and support for the school. The organization's membership consists of all individuals who have completed 12 credit hours from JMU or its previous institutional iterations.","The Alumni Association is directed by the Alumni Board of Directors, an executive committee, and representatives from the JMU Board of Visitors. The primary actions and strategies of the Board of Directors are carried out by the Office of Alumni Relations.","One of the most visible activities the Alumni Association organizes is class reunions. The reunions take place at regular intervals after a class's graduation. The Alumni Association handles the logistical issues in planning, notifying, and registering alumni for the event. Festivities often include campus tours, luncheons, and group photographs.","The Alumni Association also oversees the Bluestone Society, a subgroup of alumni from JMU having celebrated their 50th class reunion. Bluestone reunions are marked by larger-scale events and festivities and the members' induction into the society. The earliest mention of the organization was in 1974 at the 50th reunion of the class of 1924. Its official title was given in 1983 for the joint reunion of alumni from 1908 to 1933. All alumni who graduated 50 or more years ago are automatically inducted into the society. The society's name comes from the bluestone architecture of the quad area, the oldest portion of the JMU campus."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Alumni Association Records, 1924-2015, UA 0022, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Alumni Association Records, 1924-2015, UA 0022, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuplicate photographs as well as negative strips of photographs were not retained. Slide negatives positively identified as pages or images from the yearbook or other historic photographs already part of UA 0051 were not retained. University publications were either discarded if duplicates or added to bibliographic holdings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Duplicate photographs as well as negative strips of photographs were not retained. Slide negatives positively identified as pages or images from the yearbook or other historic photographs already part of UA 0051 were not retained. University publications were either discarded if duplicates or added to bibliographic holdings."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: \u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/classifications/1\"\u003e Alumni Collections\u003c/extref\u003e held by Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also:  Alumni Collections held by Special Collections."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of the administrative files and photographs of the Alumni Association, all referring to the individual graduated classes of JMU, Madison College, and the State Normal School. The collection also includes the photographs used in a commemorative reunion book and a VHS tape of 1999 reunions.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Administrative Files, 1934-2015, is primarily made up of files used for the logistical planning of reunions and files created for reunion attendees. These files include photographs, reunion booklets, active class member lists, sign-up sheets, alumni correspondence, and newsletters. These files remain largely in their original order, organized by the graduating classes. Nearly every class file includes reunion booklets for reunions between 1970 and 2005. Most class files include group photographs of alumni during reunions, as well as candid shots of reunion festivities. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome ephemeral material donated by alumni to be used to benefit reunion festivities. One such example is a Madison College degree as well as a sorority membership certificate, housed in the Class of 1955 file. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso in the series are files for the Bluestone Society and unlabeled class files. The Bluestone Society file includes administrative files for early Bluestone Society reunions, as well as the alma mater for the society. The unlabeled class file includes materials from reunions, but hold no indication as to which graduating class they correspond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs with accompanying negatives remain in their original envelopes for organizational purposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA VHS tape labeled \"1999 Reunions\" is also included. This likely has recordings of the events and festivities of various reunions that took place in 1999. A note is included in the VHS box that lists names and addresses of alumni and their corresponding years, likely a list of alumni to whom copies of the VHS were distributed. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Photographs, 1945-1995, is made up of the photographs submitted by various 1940s alumni to be compiled into the \"Welcome back to the memories... the decade of the '40s\" yearbook-style book given to Bluestone Society members during reunions in the 1990s. All photographs have reference tags attached to refer to its location in the book. The photographs are largely of the 1940s alumni, most taken in the 1990s to represent the alumni at the time of the reunion. The alumni are mostly depicted with friends and family. Many photographs have hand-written notes on the back to identify those pictured and context. These photographs are all represented in the book, most with additional detail on those depicted. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs are stored according to size for organizational purposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Accession 2023-0127, 2023-0419, 1924-2008, primarily comprises photographs and photograph albums from events organized by the Alumni Association. Events include reunion weekend festivities, Bluestone Society inductions, Homecoming, Leeolou Alumni Center grand opening and parties, golf tournaments, award ceremonies, and group trips. Administrative files include planning documents, peer institution research, and reunion logistics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeatures commencement, general campus views, buildings and grounds, snow scenes, autumn and changing leaves, Quad, Greek Row, Wilson Hall and cupola, Sonner Hall, Carrier Library, Convocation Center, Warren Hall, Burruss Hall, Hillside dormitories, Newman Lake, Marching Royal Dukes, athletics, students, aerials, 1982 NCAA men's basketball tournament, freshmen move-in, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments September 1989 trip to Smith Mountain Lake and April 1990 trip to Edisto Island, South Carolina. Also includes photographs of campus dating to March 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments the Class of 1943 50th reunion weekend.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBinder includes inidividual headshots of students along with their biographical information (hometown, high school, graduation date, major, extracurriculars, etc.). The binder is labeled \"S. A. Alumni\" but it is unclear what group or organization this refers to.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAssorted photographs include a trip to Scotland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments group trip to Italy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of the administrative files and photographs of the Alumni Association, all referring to the individual graduated classes of JMU, Madison College, and the State Normal School. The collection also includes the photographs used in a commemorative reunion book and a VHS tape of 1999 reunions.","Series 1: Administrative Files, 1934-2015, is primarily made up of files used for the logistical planning of reunions and files created for reunion attendees. These files include photographs, reunion booklets, active class member lists, sign-up sheets, alumni correspondence, and newsletters. These files remain largely in their original order, organized by the graduating classes. Nearly every class file includes reunion booklets for reunions between 1970 and 2005. Most class files include group photographs of alumni during reunions, as well as candid shots of reunion festivities.","Some ephemeral material donated by alumni to be used to benefit reunion festivities. One such example is a Madison College degree as well as a sorority membership certificate, housed in the Class of 1955 file.","Also in the series are files for the Bluestone Society and unlabeled class files. The Bluestone Society file includes administrative files for early Bluestone Society reunions, as well as the alma mater for the society. The unlabeled class file includes materials from reunions, but hold no indication as to which graduating class they correspond.","Photographs with accompanying negatives remain in their original envelopes for organizational purposes.","A VHS tape labeled \"1999 Reunions\" is also included. This likely has recordings of the events and festivities of various reunions that took place in 1999. A note is included in the VHS box that lists names and addresses of alumni and their corresponding years, likely a list of alumni to whom copies of the VHS were distributed.","Series 2: Photographs, 1945-1995, is made up of the photographs submitted by various 1940s alumni to be compiled into the \"Welcome back to the memories... the decade of the '40s\" yearbook-style book given to Bluestone Society members during reunions in the 1990s. All photographs have reference tags attached to refer to its location in the book. The photographs are largely of the 1940s alumni, most taken in the 1990s to represent the alumni at the time of the reunion. The alumni are mostly depicted with friends and family. Many photographs have hand-written notes on the back to identify those pictured and context. These photographs are all represented in the book, most with additional detail on those depicted.","Photographs are stored according to size for organizational purposes.","Series 3: Accession 2023-0127, 2023-0419, 1924-2008, primarily comprises photographs and photograph albums from events organized by the Alumni Association. Events include reunion weekend festivities, Bluestone Society inductions, Homecoming, Leeolou Alumni Center grand opening and parties, golf tournaments, award ceremonies, and group trips. Administrative files include planning documents, peer institution research, and reunion logistics.","Features commencement, general campus views, buildings and grounds, snow scenes, autumn and changing leaves, Quad, Greek Row, Wilson Hall and cupola, Sonner Hall, Carrier Library, Convocation Center, Warren Hall, Burruss Hall, Hillside dormitories, Newman Lake, Marching Royal Dukes, athletics, students, aerials, 1982 NCAA men's basketball tournament, freshmen move-in, and more.","Documents September 1989 trip to Smith Mountain Lake and April 1990 trip to Edisto Island, South Carolina. Also includes photographs of campus dating to March 1990.","Documents the Class of 1943 50th reunion weekend.","Binder includes inidividual headshots of students along with their biographical information (hometown, high school, graduation date, major, extracurriculars, etc.). The binder is labeled \"S. A. Alumni\" but it is unclear what group or organization this refers to.","Assorted photographs include a trip to Scotland.","Documents group trip to Italy."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe yearbook-style reunion book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWelcome back to the memories… the decade of the '40s\u003c/emph\u003e has been removed from the collection and is cataloged as part of Special Collections' rare book collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The yearbook-style reunion book Welcome back to the memories… the decade of the '40s has been removed from the collection and is cataloged as part of Special Collections' rare book collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6fdd7f130403239d45bd3dd728660f45\"\u003eThe collection consists of the administrative files and photographs of the James Madison University Alumni Association, all referring to the individual graduated classes of JMU, Madison College, and the State Normal School.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of the administrative files and photographs of the James Madison University Alumni Association, all referring to the individual graduated classes of JMU, Madison College, and the State Normal School."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Alumni Association","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Alumni and alumnae","James Madison University -- History","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Aufenger (Roanoke, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Alumni and alumnae","James Madison University -- History","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History"],"persname_ssim":["Carrier, Ronald E., 1932-2017","Rose, Linwood H. (Linwood Howard), 1951-","Lee, Emily Lewis, 1922-2014","Johnson, Deborah Tompkins","Roop, V. Inez Graybeal (Vivian Inez), 1913-2010","Driesell, Lefty, 1931-2024"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Alumni Association","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Alumni and alumnae","James Madison University -- History","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Alumni and alumnae","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Aufenger (Roanoke, Va.)","Carrier, Ronald E., 1932-2017","Rose, Linwood H. (Linwood Howard), 1951-","Lee, Emily Lewis, 1922-2014","Johnson, Deborah Tompkins","Roop, V. Inez Graybeal (Vivian Inez), 1913-2010","Driesell, Lefty, 1931-2024"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":229,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_413_c02_c03"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865/1971","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_569#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_569#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The W. E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W. E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_569#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_569.xml","title_ssm":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records"],"title_tesim":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1865-1971"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865/1971"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865/1971"],"text":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865/1971","SC 0218","/repositories/4/resources/569","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","General stores -- Virginia -- Green Mount","General stores -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton","Merchants -- Virginia -- Green Mount -- Records and correspondence","Merchants -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postal service -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postmasters -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Shipping records","Letters (correspondence)","Bills of sale","Promissory notes","Billheads","Invoices","Business records","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged into six series. Generally, each series is arranged chronologically. Exceptions to this arrangement were made in order to keep like materials together within a series.","Invoices, Advertisements, and Correspondence, 1865-1955\n      Purchases and Orders, 1893-1924\n      Bank Ledgers, Expenses, and Sales, 1866-1971\n      Long's Store Account Books, 1869-1921\n      Long's Store Records, 1877-1929\n      Mt. Clinton Post Office Records, 1879-1893","Dale MacAllister, \"The William E. Long Family and Long's Store,\" 2008,  https://dahjsg1f05sei.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/12160639/MacAllisteronLong.pdf (accessed April 18, 2019).","Samuel Long (1821-1892) was the original owner of the Long Store. He worked primarily as a farmer and dry goods merchant, running numerous stores before moving from Shenandoah County to Rockingham County in 1868. In 1880, he bought the Hopkins Upper Mill on Muddy Creek and established the Chrisman general store and post office. His son, William Evans Long (1855-1926), was named postmaster of the Chrisman post office in 1881. Samuel Long also established another store around 1869 in Green Mount, Virginia. William E. Long was named postmaster of the Green Mount branch in 1889, and took over operations from J.W. Mauck. In 1892, Samuel Long bought A.B. Driver \u0026 Company in Mt. Clinton, Virginia, and changed the name to S. Long \u0026 Sons. At this time, William E. Long was also appointed postmaster of the Mt. Clinton post office. William E. Long and his brother-in-law, John B. Bowman (1844-1893) ran the Mt. Clinton branch of the store under the name Long \u0026 Bowman, until the death of Bowman in 1893. Upon the death of Samuel Long in 1892, William's sister sold her husband's half of the Mt. Clinton store to William for $2,500. The name of the store was changed to W.E. Long \u0026 Sons once William Long's children, specifically C. Edward (1887-1961) and Frank R. (1901-1958), reached maturity. The store operated under this name until it was turned over by William Long's sons to a nephew, Samuel Claude Long (1925-1988), who renamed the store S.C. Long \u0026 Sons in 1959. It remained under his name until his retirement in 1988 when it left the family's possession. A quick succession of owners succeeded S. Claude Long until the store was torn down in 1995. The Long family owned and operated the Long family store for roughly 95 years, managing to sustain a business through WWI, the Great Depression, and WWII.","This collection comprises numerous accessions related to W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store and the Long family of Mt. Clinton, Virginia. These accessions include 2001-0912, 2007-0419a, 2007-0419b, 2008-0311, 2008-1215b, and 2016-0501. Parts of this collection were previously cataloged as Long's Store Account Books (SC 4056) and Mt. Clinton Post Office Records (SC 4057).","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2018-2019. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 5044. During this time, the collection was physically consolidated into fewer boxes and minor updates made to the intellectual arrangement. However, the overall intellectual arrangement of the collection was maintained.","The W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Materials include account books and ledgers, invoices and receipts, advertisements, billheads, correspondence, and documentation of expenses and sales related to the business dealings of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W.E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included.","This series contains invoices to the Long Store from other companies, showing that orders were paid for in full. Specific company invoices include:  Harrisonburg Grocery Co. Inc. Exclusively Wholesale; Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co. (successors of  Snell Grocery and Hardware Co.); Sears, Roebuck and Co.; Coca-Cola Co.; National Biscuit Co. (Nabisco); and the Standard Oil Co.","Companies also sent advertisements to the Long Store in order to try to persuade the store to buy their products. Specific company and agency advertisements include advertisements from the US Food Administration; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; Sears, Roebuck and Co.; and the Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co.","Correspondence includes letters and envelopes addressed to the Long Store from a variety of companies. Most of the correspondence thanks the Long Store for their business, provides information about backorders, includes contract letters, and personal correspondence. Companies that sent correspondence letters include: Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026 Stoddard MFG Co., Darby Manufacturing Co., and R. P. Bayley \u0026 Co Importers of China \u0026 Glass.","All of these papers provide insight into the business transactions of the Long Store. The papers also show the types of products that the people of Mt. Clinton, Virginia were buying not only in everyday life, but also during the war years. The papers are organized chronologically and they are listed below in alphabetical order by company name.","There was a group of advertisements and letters found with materials from Series 3 which had been left in their original envelopes. The letters were taken out of the envelopes and placed in a folder. The letters were moved to Series 1 for convenience sake, and are all contained together in Folder 9, so they do not follow the chronological scheme of the other folders. One postcard from the State Normal School of Harrisonburg, Virginia, with seemingly no connection to the Long family, was found with the ledgers.","C. L. Moor; Commonwealth of Virginia; David Taylor and Co.; Hellen Jatzeusteler; Heller Brothers and Co.; Jacob and Viert; Joseph Raish Loans; Long Store Ledger Page; Rockingham Register; R. P. Bayley and Co.; Smith, Ellet, \u0026 Co.; Stoneburner and Richards; Treasury of Rockingham County; Tucker and Co.; Wm. Devries \u0026 Co.; Young, Kimmell, and Diggs","Baker and Company Groceries, Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore Oil, Brand Shoe Co., Byers-Beery Grocery Co., Chesapeake \u0026 Ohio RR, C. J. Rice, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Edelen Bros. Commission, First National Bank, Harrisonburg Evaporating Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Herb Medicine Co., J. G. Haldeman \u0026 Bros, Lynchburg Shoe Co., Miscellaneous, Mishawaka Woolen Manufacturing Co., N. K. Fairbank, Norfolk Western RR, Red C. Oil, R. M. Sutton Co., Snell Grocery \u0026 Hardware, Standard Oil, W. A. W. Davis Corporation","American Snuff Co., Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Crystal Lamps Asst., Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., J. Frank Darling Co. Inc., J.W. Ould Company Inc., Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co., Red \"C\" Oil Manufacturing Co., Snell Grocery, Southern Railroad Co., US Food Administration","American Wholesale Corporation, B. F. Goodrich Rubber, Chattanooga Knitting Mills, City Produce Exchange, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Friedman-Shelby International Shoe, G. K. Andrews \u0026 Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Imperial Ice Cream Co., J. M. Snell \u0026 Co., Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co., National Biscuit Company, Sternick \u0026 Bittman Butter and Eggs, Westel Seed Co., W. F. Berry \u0026 Son","American Wholesale Corporation, Arbuckle Brothers, Barnhart Overall Company, B. F. Goodrich Rubber Company, Chas. King \u0026 Son Co, Inc., Daniel Miller Company, Edelen Brothers General Commission Merchants, Ehrmann Manufacturing Co., First National Bank, G. K. Andrews and Co., Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., International Shoe Company, J. M. Strickler, John W. Eshelman and Sons, J. W. Ould Company, L.W. Gaines and Company, Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co., Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co., National Biscuit Company, Proctor and Gamble Distributing Co., Richmond Hosier Mills, Southern Railway Company, Valley Supply Company, Virginia Cigar Company, Wetsel Seed Company","American Wholesale Corporation, Barnhart Overall Co.; Burke \u0026 Price Insurance; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; D. M. Ferry \u0026 Co. Seedsmen; E. W. Ross Ensilage Cutter \u0026 Silo Co.; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026 Fruit Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; H. M. Baucon \u0026 Sons; J. M. Strickler; John F. Birkmeyer \u0026 Sons; Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co.; Mishawaka Rubber \u0026 Woolen Manufacturing Co.; National Biscuit Co.; R. A. Brice \u0026 Son; R. G. Dun \u0026 Co.","C. D. Kenny Co.; Daniel Miller Company; Harlin Bro and Co.; Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; International Shoe Company; Miscellaneous; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son","American Wholesale Co.; Bentley, Shriver \u0026 Co.; Bob's Food Products Co., Inc.; Butler Brothers; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; Dixie Distributing Co.; E. J. Branch \u0026 Sons; Elkton Lithia Bottling Co.; First National Bank; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026 Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Harrisonburg Livestock Market Inc.; Hartford Fire Insurance Co.; Henry S. King \u0026 Sons; J. F. Burkholder's Speech on World Peace; J. S. Denton \u0026 Sons, Inc.; Manbeck Bread Co.; Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co.; Miscellaneous Accounting; M. O. Showalter \u0026 Son; National Biscuit Co.; Ort Brothers Bakery, Inc.; Proctor \u0026 Gamble Distributing Co.; Rockingham Cooperative Farm Bureau, Inc.; Rockingham Tractor \u0026 Equipment Co.; Snow King Baking Powder Co.; Strietman Biscuit Co.; Virginia Pepsi-Cola Bottling Co.; Wm. Schluderberg- T. J. Kurdle Co.","R. P. Bayley \u0026 Co Importers of China \u0026 Glass, Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 2/2/1882, Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 11/10/1882, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026 Stoddard MFG Co.: 4 ads/envelope ca. 1887, George G. McClintock Commission Merchants: receipt/envelope 8/2/1892, Darby Manufacturing Co.: envelope 8/25/1892, Edelen Bros Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 3:30/1901, State Normal School Postcard: 6/25/1911","This series contains purchases and orders in ledgers compiled during the lifetime of the Long Store. The series contains 23 ledgers in total. Some ledgers show what customers ordered from the store and others show what the Long Store purchased from other companies in order to fulfill the needs of their customers. The order ledgers show what customers wanted to buy as well as who the regular customers were. They show the relationship that the Long Store had with its customers. Once the orders were delivered and were paid for, the order was crossed out with a red \"X,\" indicating that the transaction was complete.","The purchase ledgers show what the owners of the Long Store purchased in order to meet the demand of their customers. Most of these ledgers are labeled with a date, what was bought on that date, and how much the order cost. Most ledgers were not specific with what goods were bought, but were specific with the pricing. Purchases were mostly labeled as \"Goods\" or \"Tobacco\" showing the importance of tobacco in that it was given its own category. Other ledgers simply state the name of the company being ordered from, rather than listing all the specific goods themselves.","This series contains records of the expenses and sales of the Long family store, as well as ten bank ledgers. The majority are specific to the First National Bank of Harrisonburg, Virginia. These indicate expenses and sales of the store, including specific company or personal names to whom the store is paying off bills or from whom it is receiving payment.","There are also three ledgers that indicate expenses of the store. The first ledger appears to be expenses organized by specific person or business. The latter two are organized by types of goods, including groceries, tobacco, dry goods, drugs, etc. The orders appear to be crossed out once they were acquired.","There are two other larger ledgers in the series. The smaller of the two appears to document the weekly sales of the store. There are several other receipts and calculations relating to the profit of the store stuck in the pages of the ledger. These loose papers were left there in order to preserve original order and context. The larger of the two ledgers seems to be a system of credit from a store in Johnsonville prior to the existence of Long Family Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Samuel Long was known to have stores in many locations, so it seems prudent to assume it was one of his stores before Mt. Clinton. As with the previous ledger, there are calculations and a few documents of correspondence stuck in between the pages. They were likewise kept within to preserve original order.","This series consists of nine books: one \"road book\" ostensibly from Long's Store in Green Mount, Virginia and three account books and five daybooks from Long's Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Daybooks record purchases of general household goods and merchandise, such as eggs, butter, pens, pencils, shoes, yarn, chickens, roosters, sugar, dye, matches, hats, and shovels. Account books typically record customer accounts, transactions and balances over time, and do not record itemized purchases.","This series is a collection of receipts that document the business between small town merchant W.E. Long and commission merchants such as Miller \u0026 Roller, Washington, D. C.; Acker \u0026 Long Produce, Philadelphia; Standard Oil Company; Brand Shoe Co., Roanoke; and J. J. Underhill Fruit \u0026 Vegetables, Baltimore which he supplied with butter, chicken, and eggs. Among the local merchants are: Snell Grocery, Harrisonburg; Hoge \u0026 Hutchinson, Staunton; Merchants Grocery and Hardware, Harrisonburg; L. W. Gaines, Inc., Harrisonburg; Worthington Hardware, Staunton; and National Biscuit Company, Staunton. Bills document the variety of merchandise including shoes, fabric, sugar, and coffee that Long purchased to supply his own customers. Fifteen cancelled checks from the First National Bank Harrisonburg date to 1920. A folder of bank deposit slips, primarily from First National Bank in Harrisonburg, are included.","This series consists of three record books from Mt. Clinton Post Office from 1879 through 1893. All three books are roughly the same size. However, Book One was received missing most of the front and back covers. Book Three was disassembled and boards discarded due to insect damage.","William E. Long was a postmaster at Chrisman, Virginia (1881-1887); Green Mount, Virginia (1889-1893); and Mt. Clinton, Virginia (1893-1897). William's father, Samuel, established and operated general stores and post offices in all three locations. It is unclear why the Mt. Clinton post Office records prior to William's tenure as Mt. Clinton postmaster remained in his possession. They are included in this collection due to their peripheral connection to Long.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W. E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Long's Store (Green Mount, Va.)","Long's Store (Mt Clinton, Va.)","Suter, Scott Hamilton","Long, Samuel, 1821-1892","Long, William E. (William Evans), 1855-1926","Long, S. Claude (Samuel Claude), 1925-1988","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865/1971"],"collection_ssim":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865/1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0218","/repositories/4/resources/569"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0218","/repositories/4/resources/569"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"geogname_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"places_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"creator_ssm":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Suter, Scott Hamilton","Suter, Scott Hamilton"],"creator_ssim":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Suter, Scott Hamilton","Suter, Scott Hamilton"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Suter, Scott Hamilton","Long, Samuel, 1821-1892","Long, William E. (William Evans), 1855-1926","Long, S. Claude (Samuel Claude), 1925-1988"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Long's Store (Green Mount, Va.)","Long's Store (Mt Clinton, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Suter, Scott Hamilton","Long, Samuel, 1821-1892","Long, William E. (William Evans), 1855-1926","Long, S. Claude (Samuel Claude), 1925-1988","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Long's Store (Green Mount, Va.)","Long's Store (Mt Clinton, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials in this collection were donated by Scott Suter in 2001; purchased from Scott Suter between 2007 and 2008; purchased from Dusty's Antique Market (Ronald L. Fulk) in Mt. Sidney, Virginia in 2008; purchased from Rocky's Gold \u0026 Silver in Weyer's Cave, Virginia in 2009; and found as orphaned material in a Carrier Library filing cabinet in 2016. A 2020 acquisition comprising W. E. Long \u0026 Sons shipping books and an account book was added to the collection in 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["General stores -- Virginia -- Green Mount","General stores -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton","Merchants -- Virginia -- Green Mount -- Records and correspondence","Merchants -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postal service -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postmasters -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Shipping records","Letters (correspondence)","Bills of sale","Promissory notes","Billheads","Invoices","Business records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["General stores -- Virginia -- Green Mount","General stores -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton","Merchants -- Virginia -- Green Mount -- Records and correspondence","Merchants -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postal service -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postmasters -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Shipping records","Letters (correspondence)","Bills of sale","Promissory notes","Billheads","Invoices","Business records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.31 cubic feet 6 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.31 cubic feet 6 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)","Shipping records","Letters (correspondence)","Bills of sale","Promissory notes","Billheads","Invoices","Business records"],"date_range_isim":[1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into six series. Generally, each series is arranged chronologically. Exceptions to this arrangement were made in order to keep like materials together within a series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eInvoices, Advertisements, and Correspondence, 1865-1955\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePurchases and Orders, 1893-1924\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBank Ledgers, Expenses, and Sales, 1866-1971\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eLong's Store Account Books, 1869-1921\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eLong's Store Records, 1877-1929\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMt. Clinton Post Office Records, 1879-1893\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into six series. Generally, each series is arranged chronologically. Exceptions to this arrangement were made in order to keep like materials together within a series.","Invoices, Advertisements, and Correspondence, 1865-1955\n      Purchases and Orders, 1893-1924\n      Bank Ledgers, Expenses, and Sales, 1866-1971\n      Long's Store Account Books, 1869-1921\n      Long's Store Records, 1877-1929\n      Mt. Clinton Post Office Records, 1879-1893"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eDale MacAllister, \"The William E. Long Family and Long's Store,\" 2008,  https://dahjsg1f05sei.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/12160639/MacAllisteronLong.pdf (accessed April 18, 2019).\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Dale MacAllister, \"The William E. Long Family and Long's Store,\" 2008,  https://dahjsg1f05sei.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/12160639/MacAllisteronLong.pdf (accessed April 18, 2019)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSamuel Long (1821-1892) was the original owner of the Long Store. He worked primarily as a farmer and dry goods merchant, running numerous stores before moving from Shenandoah County to Rockingham County in 1868. In 1880, he bought the Hopkins Upper Mill on Muddy Creek and established the Chrisman general store and post office. His son, William Evans Long (1855-1926), was named postmaster of the Chrisman post office in 1881. Samuel Long also established another store around 1869 in Green Mount, Virginia. William E. Long was named postmaster of the Green Mount branch in 1889, and took over operations from J.W. Mauck. In 1892, Samuel Long bought A.B. Driver \u0026amp; Company in Mt. Clinton, Virginia, and changed the name to S. Long \u0026amp; Sons. At this time, William E. Long was also appointed postmaster of the Mt. Clinton post office. William E. Long and his brother-in-law, John B. Bowman (1844-1893) ran the Mt. Clinton branch of the store under the name Long \u0026amp; Bowman, until the death of Bowman in 1893. Upon the death of Samuel Long in 1892, William's sister sold her husband's half of the Mt. Clinton store to William for $2,500. The name of the store was changed to W.E. Long \u0026amp; Sons once William Long's children, specifically C. Edward (1887-1961) and Frank R. (1901-1958), reached maturity. The store operated under this name until it was turned over by William Long's sons to a nephew, Samuel Claude Long (1925-1988), who renamed the store S.C. Long \u0026amp; Sons in 1959. It remained under his name until his retirement in 1988 when it left the family's possession. A quick succession of owners succeeded S. Claude Long until the store was torn down in 1995. The Long family owned and operated the Long family store for roughly 95 years, managing to sustain a business through WWI, the Great Depression, and WWII.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Samuel Long (1821-1892) was the original owner of the Long Store. He worked primarily as a farmer and dry goods merchant, running numerous stores before moving from Shenandoah County to Rockingham County in 1868. In 1880, he bought the Hopkins Upper Mill on Muddy Creek and established the Chrisman general store and post office. His son, William Evans Long (1855-1926), was named postmaster of the Chrisman post office in 1881. Samuel Long also established another store around 1869 in Green Mount, Virginia. William E. Long was named postmaster of the Green Mount branch in 1889, and took over operations from J.W. Mauck. In 1892, Samuel Long bought A.B. Driver \u0026 Company in Mt. Clinton, Virginia, and changed the name to S. Long \u0026 Sons. At this time, William E. Long was also appointed postmaster of the Mt. Clinton post office. William E. Long and his brother-in-law, John B. Bowman (1844-1893) ran the Mt. Clinton branch of the store under the name Long \u0026 Bowman, until the death of Bowman in 1893. Upon the death of Samuel Long in 1892, William's sister sold her husband's half of the Mt. Clinton store to William for $2,500. The name of the store was changed to W.E. Long \u0026 Sons once William Long's children, specifically C. Edward (1887-1961) and Frank R. (1901-1958), reached maturity. The store operated under this name until it was turned over by William Long's sons to a nephew, Samuel Claude Long (1925-1988), who renamed the store S.C. Long \u0026 Sons in 1959. It remained under his name until his retirement in 1988 when it left the family's possession. A quick succession of owners succeeded S. Claude Long until the store was torn down in 1995. The Long family owned and operated the Long family store for roughly 95 years, managing to sustain a business through WWI, the Great Depression, and WWII."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], W. E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, SC 0218, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, SC 0218, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection comprises numerous accessions related to W. E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store and the Long family of Mt. Clinton, Virginia. These accessions include 2001-0912, 2007-0419a, 2007-0419b, 2008-0311, 2008-1215b, and 2016-0501. Parts of this collection were previously cataloged as Long's Store Account Books (SC 4056) and Mt. Clinton Post Office Records (SC 4057).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2018-2019. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 5044.\u003c/emph\u003e During this time, the collection was physically consolidated into fewer boxes and minor updates made to the intellectual arrangement. However, the overall intellectual arrangement of the collection was maintained.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection comprises numerous accessions related to W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store and the Long family of Mt. Clinton, Virginia. These accessions include 2001-0912, 2007-0419a, 2007-0419b, 2008-0311, 2008-1215b, and 2016-0501. Parts of this collection were previously cataloged as Long's Store Account Books (SC 4056) and Mt. Clinton Post Office Records (SC 4057).","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2018-2019. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 5044. During this time, the collection was physically consolidated into fewer boxes and minor updates made to the intellectual arrangement. However, the overall intellectual arrangement of the collection was maintained."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe W. E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Materials include account books and ledgers, invoices and receipts, advertisements, billheads, correspondence, and documentation of expenses and sales related to the business dealings of W.E. Long \u0026amp; Sons. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W.E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains invoices to the Long Store from other companies, showing that orders were paid for in full. Specific company invoices include:  Harrisonburg Grocery Co. Inc. Exclusively Wholesale; Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co. (successors of  Snell Grocery and Hardware Co.); Sears, Roebuck and Co.; Coca-Cola Co.; National Biscuit Co. (Nabisco); and the Standard Oil Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompanies also sent advertisements to the Long Store in order to try to persuade the store to buy their products. Specific company and agency advertisements include advertisements from the US Food Administration; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; Sears, Roebuck and Co.; and the Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes letters and envelopes addressed to the Long Store from a variety of companies. Most of the correspondence thanks the Long Store for their business, provides information about backorders, includes contract letters, and personal correspondence. Companies that sent correspondence letters include: Miller \u0026amp; Yager General Commission Merchants, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026amp; Stoddard MFG Co., Darby Manufacturing Co., and R. P. Bayley \u0026amp; Co Importers of China \u0026amp; Glass.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll of these papers provide insight into the business transactions of the Long Store. The papers also show the types of products that the people of Mt. Clinton, Virginia were buying not only in everyday life, but also during the war years. The papers are organized chronologically and they are listed below in alphabetical order by company name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere was a group of advertisements and letters found with materials from Series 3 which had been left in their original envelopes. The letters were taken out of the envelopes and placed in a folder. The letters were moved to Series 1 for convenience sake, and are all contained together in Folder 9, so they do not follow the chronological scheme of the other folders. One postcard from the State Normal School of Harrisonburg, Virginia, with seemingly no connection to the Long family, was found with the ledgers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eC. L. Moor; Commonwealth of Virginia; David Taylor and Co.; Hellen Jatzeusteler; Heller Brothers and Co.; Jacob and Viert; Joseph Raish Loans; Long Store Ledger Page; Rockingham Register; R. P. Bayley and Co.; Smith, Ellet, \u0026amp; Co.; Stoneburner and Richards; Treasury of Rockingham County; Tucker and Co.; Wm. Devries \u0026amp; Co.; Young, Kimmell, and Diggs\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaker and Company Groceries, Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore Oil, Brand Shoe Co., Byers-Beery Grocery Co., Chesapeake \u0026amp; Ohio RR, C. J. Rice, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Edelen Bros. Commission, First National Bank, Harrisonburg Evaporating Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Herb Medicine Co., J. G. Haldeman \u0026amp; Bros, Lynchburg Shoe Co., Miscellaneous, Mishawaka Woolen Manufacturing Co., N. K. Fairbank, Norfolk Western RR, Red C. Oil, R. M. Sutton Co., Snell Grocery \u0026amp; Hardware, Standard Oil, W. A. W. Davis Corporation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Snuff Co., Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Crystal Lamps Asst., Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., J. Frank Darling Co. Inc., J.W. Ould Company Inc., Merchants Grocery \u0026amp; Hardware Co., Red \"C\" Oil Manufacturing Co., Snell Grocery, Southern Railroad Co., US Food Administration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Wholesale Corporation, B. F. Goodrich Rubber, Chattanooga Knitting Mills, City Produce Exchange, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Friedman-Shelby International Shoe, G. K. Andrews \u0026amp; Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Imperial Ice Cream Co., J. M. Snell \u0026amp; Co., Merchants Grocery \u0026amp; Hardware Co., National Biscuit Company, Sternick \u0026amp; Bittman Butter and Eggs, Westel Seed Co., W. F. Berry \u0026amp; Son\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Wholesale Corporation, Arbuckle Brothers, Barnhart Overall Company, B. F. Goodrich Rubber Company, Chas. King \u0026amp; Son Co, Inc., Daniel Miller Company, Edelen Brothers General Commission Merchants, Ehrmann Manufacturing Co., First National Bank, G. K. Andrews and Co., Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., International Shoe Company, J. M. Strickler, John W. Eshelman and Sons, J. W. Ould Company, L.W. Gaines and Company, Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co., Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co., National Biscuit Company, Proctor and Gamble Distributing Co., Richmond Hosier Mills, Southern Railway Company, Valley Supply Company, Virginia Cigar Company, Wetsel Seed Company\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Wholesale Corporation, Barnhart Overall Co.; Burke \u0026amp; Price Insurance; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; D. M. Ferry \u0026amp; Co. Seedsmen; E. W. Ross Ensilage Cutter \u0026amp; Silo Co.; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026amp; Fruit Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; H. M. Baucon \u0026amp; Sons; J. M. Strickler; John F. Birkmeyer \u0026amp; Sons; Merchants Grocery \u0026amp; Hardware Co.; Mishawaka Rubber \u0026amp; Woolen Manufacturing Co.; National Biscuit Co.; R. A. Brice \u0026amp; Son; R. G. Dun \u0026amp; Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eC. D. Kenny Co.; Daniel Miller Company; Harlin Bro and Co.; Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; International Shoe Company; Miscellaneous; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Wholesale Co.; Bentley, Shriver \u0026amp; Co.; Bob's Food Products Co., Inc.; Butler Brothers; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; Dixie Distributing Co.; E. J. Branch \u0026amp; Sons; Elkton Lithia Bottling Co.; First National Bank; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026amp; Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Harrisonburg Livestock Market Inc.; Hartford Fire Insurance Co.; Henry S. King \u0026amp; Sons; J. F. Burkholder's Speech on World Peace; J. S. Denton \u0026amp; Sons, Inc.; Manbeck Bread Co.; Merchants Grocery \u0026amp; Hardware Co.; Miscellaneous Accounting; M. O. Showalter \u0026amp; Son; National Biscuit Co.; Ort Brothers Bakery, Inc.; Proctor \u0026amp; Gamble Distributing Co.; Rockingham Cooperative Farm Bureau, Inc.; Rockingham Tractor \u0026amp; Equipment Co.; Snow King Baking Powder Co.; Strietman Biscuit Co.; Virginia Pepsi-Cola Bottling Co.; Wm. Schluderberg- T. J. Kurdle Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR. P. Bayley \u0026amp; Co Importers of China \u0026amp; Glass, Miller \u0026amp; Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 2/2/1882, Miller \u0026amp; Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 11/10/1882, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026amp; Stoddard MFG Co.: 4 ads/envelope ca. 1887, George G. McClintock Commission Merchants: receipt/envelope 8/2/1892, Darby Manufacturing Co.: envelope 8/25/1892, Edelen Bros Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 3:30/1901, State Normal School Postcard: 6/25/1911\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains purchases and orders in ledgers compiled during the lifetime of the Long Store. The series contains 23 ledgers in total. Some ledgers show what customers ordered from the store and others show what the Long Store purchased from other companies in order to fulfill the needs of their customers. The order ledgers show what customers wanted to buy as well as who the regular customers were. They show the relationship that the Long Store had with its customers. Once the orders were delivered and were paid for, the order was crossed out with a red \"X,\" indicating that the transaction was complete.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe purchase ledgers show what the owners of the Long Store purchased in order to meet the demand of their customers. Most of these ledgers are labeled with a date, what was bought on that date, and how much the order cost. Most ledgers were not specific with what goods were bought, but were specific with the pricing. Purchases were mostly labeled as \"Goods\" or \"Tobacco\" showing the importance of tobacco in that it was given its own category. Other ledgers simply state the name of the company being ordered from, rather than listing all the specific goods themselves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains records of the expenses and sales of the Long family store, as well as ten bank ledgers. The majority are specific to the First National Bank of Harrisonburg, Virginia. These indicate expenses and sales of the store, including specific company or personal names to whom the store is paying off bills or from whom it is receiving payment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are also three ledgers that indicate expenses of the store. The first ledger appears to be expenses organized by specific person or business. The latter two are organized by types of goods, including groceries, tobacco, dry goods, drugs, etc. The orders appear to be crossed out once they were acquired.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are two other larger ledgers in the series. The smaller of the two appears to document the weekly sales of the store. There are several other receipts and calculations relating to the profit of the store stuck in the pages of the ledger. These loose papers were left there in order to preserve original order and context. The larger of the two ledgers seems to be a system of credit from a store in Johnsonville prior to the existence of Long Family Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Samuel Long was known to have stores in many locations, so it seems prudent to assume it was one of his stores before Mt. Clinton. As with the previous ledger, there are calculations and a few documents of correspondence stuck in between the pages. They were likewise kept within to preserve original order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of nine books: one \"road book\" ostensibly from Long's Store in Green Mount, Virginia and three account books and five daybooks from Long's Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Daybooks record purchases of general household goods and merchandise, such as eggs, butter, pens, pencils, shoes, yarn, chickens, roosters, sugar, dye, matches, hats, and shovels. Account books typically record customer accounts, transactions and balances over time, and do not record itemized purchases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is a collection of receipts that document the business between small town merchant W.E. Long and commission merchants such as Miller \u0026amp; Roller, Washington, D. C.; Acker \u0026amp; Long Produce, Philadelphia; Standard Oil Company; Brand Shoe Co., Roanoke; and J. J. Underhill Fruit \u0026amp; Vegetables, Baltimore which he supplied with butter, chicken, and eggs. Among the local merchants are: Snell Grocery, Harrisonburg; Hoge \u0026amp; Hutchinson, Staunton; Merchants Grocery and Hardware, Harrisonburg; L. W. Gaines, Inc., Harrisonburg; Worthington Hardware, Staunton; and National Biscuit Company, Staunton. Bills document the variety of merchandise including shoes, fabric, sugar, and coffee that Long purchased to supply his own customers. Fifteen cancelled checks from the First National Bank Harrisonburg date to 1920. A folder of bank deposit slips, primarily from First National Bank in Harrisonburg, are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of three record books from Mt. Clinton Post Office from 1879 through 1893. All three books are roughly the same size. However, Book One was received missing most of the front and back covers. Book Three was disassembled and boards discarded due to insect damage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam E. Long was a postmaster at Chrisman, Virginia (1881-1887); Green Mount, Virginia (1889-1893); and Mt. Clinton, Virginia (1893-1897). William's father, Samuel, established and operated general stores and post offices in all three locations. It is unclear why the Mt. Clinton post Office records prior to William's tenure as Mt. Clinton postmaster remained in his possession. They are included in this collection due to their peripheral connection to Long.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Materials include account books and ledgers, invoices and receipts, advertisements, billheads, correspondence, and documentation of expenses and sales related to the business dealings of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W.E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included.","This series contains invoices to the Long Store from other companies, showing that orders were paid for in full. Specific company invoices include:  Harrisonburg Grocery Co. Inc. Exclusively Wholesale; Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co. (successors of  Snell Grocery and Hardware Co.); Sears, Roebuck and Co.; Coca-Cola Co.; National Biscuit Co. (Nabisco); and the Standard Oil Co.","Companies also sent advertisements to the Long Store in order to try to persuade the store to buy their products. Specific company and agency advertisements include advertisements from the US Food Administration; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; Sears, Roebuck and Co.; and the Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co.","Correspondence includes letters and envelopes addressed to the Long Store from a variety of companies. Most of the correspondence thanks the Long Store for their business, provides information about backorders, includes contract letters, and personal correspondence. Companies that sent correspondence letters include: Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026 Stoddard MFG Co., Darby Manufacturing Co., and R. P. Bayley \u0026 Co Importers of China \u0026 Glass.","All of these papers provide insight into the business transactions of the Long Store. The papers also show the types of products that the people of Mt. Clinton, Virginia were buying not only in everyday life, but also during the war years. The papers are organized chronologically and they are listed below in alphabetical order by company name.","There was a group of advertisements and letters found with materials from Series 3 which had been left in their original envelopes. The letters were taken out of the envelopes and placed in a folder. The letters were moved to Series 1 for convenience sake, and are all contained together in Folder 9, so they do not follow the chronological scheme of the other folders. One postcard from the State Normal School of Harrisonburg, Virginia, with seemingly no connection to the Long family, was found with the ledgers.","C. L. Moor; Commonwealth of Virginia; David Taylor and Co.; Hellen Jatzeusteler; Heller Brothers and Co.; Jacob and Viert; Joseph Raish Loans; Long Store Ledger Page; Rockingham Register; R. P. Bayley and Co.; Smith, Ellet, \u0026 Co.; Stoneburner and Richards; Treasury of Rockingham County; Tucker and Co.; Wm. Devries \u0026 Co.; Young, Kimmell, and Diggs","Baker and Company Groceries, Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore Oil, Brand Shoe Co., Byers-Beery Grocery Co., Chesapeake \u0026 Ohio RR, C. J. Rice, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Edelen Bros. Commission, First National Bank, Harrisonburg Evaporating Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Herb Medicine Co., J. G. Haldeman \u0026 Bros, Lynchburg Shoe Co., Miscellaneous, Mishawaka Woolen Manufacturing Co., N. K. Fairbank, Norfolk Western RR, Red C. Oil, R. M. Sutton Co., Snell Grocery \u0026 Hardware, Standard Oil, W. A. W. Davis Corporation","American Snuff Co., Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Crystal Lamps Asst., Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., J. Frank Darling Co. Inc., J.W. Ould Company Inc., Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co., Red \"C\" Oil Manufacturing Co., Snell Grocery, Southern Railroad Co., US Food Administration","American Wholesale Corporation, B. F. Goodrich Rubber, Chattanooga Knitting Mills, City Produce Exchange, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Friedman-Shelby International Shoe, G. K. Andrews \u0026 Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Imperial Ice Cream Co., J. M. Snell \u0026 Co., Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co., National Biscuit Company, Sternick \u0026 Bittman Butter and Eggs, Westel Seed Co., W. F. Berry \u0026 Son","American Wholesale Corporation, Arbuckle Brothers, Barnhart Overall Company, B. F. Goodrich Rubber Company, Chas. King \u0026 Son Co, Inc., Daniel Miller Company, Edelen Brothers General Commission Merchants, Ehrmann Manufacturing Co., First National Bank, G. K. Andrews and Co., Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., International Shoe Company, J. M. Strickler, John W. Eshelman and Sons, J. W. Ould Company, L.W. Gaines and Company, Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co., Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co., National Biscuit Company, Proctor and Gamble Distributing Co., Richmond Hosier Mills, Southern Railway Company, Valley Supply Company, Virginia Cigar Company, Wetsel Seed Company","American Wholesale Corporation, Barnhart Overall Co.; Burke \u0026 Price Insurance; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; D. M. Ferry \u0026 Co. Seedsmen; E. W. Ross Ensilage Cutter \u0026 Silo Co.; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026 Fruit Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; H. M. Baucon \u0026 Sons; J. M. Strickler; John F. Birkmeyer \u0026 Sons; Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co.; Mishawaka Rubber \u0026 Woolen Manufacturing Co.; National Biscuit Co.; R. A. Brice \u0026 Son; R. G. Dun \u0026 Co.","C. D. Kenny Co.; Daniel Miller Company; Harlin Bro and Co.; Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; International Shoe Company; Miscellaneous; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son","American Wholesale Co.; Bentley, Shriver \u0026 Co.; Bob's Food Products Co., Inc.; Butler Brothers; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; Dixie Distributing Co.; E. J. Branch \u0026 Sons; Elkton Lithia Bottling Co.; First National Bank; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026 Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Harrisonburg Livestock Market Inc.; Hartford Fire Insurance Co.; Henry S. King \u0026 Sons; J. F. Burkholder's Speech on World Peace; J. S. Denton \u0026 Sons, Inc.; Manbeck Bread Co.; Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co.; Miscellaneous Accounting; M. O. Showalter \u0026 Son; National Biscuit Co.; Ort Brothers Bakery, Inc.; Proctor \u0026 Gamble Distributing Co.; Rockingham Cooperative Farm Bureau, Inc.; Rockingham Tractor \u0026 Equipment Co.; Snow King Baking Powder Co.; Strietman Biscuit Co.; Virginia Pepsi-Cola Bottling Co.; Wm. Schluderberg- T. J. Kurdle Co.","R. P. Bayley \u0026 Co Importers of China \u0026 Glass, Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 2/2/1882, Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 11/10/1882, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026 Stoddard MFG Co.: 4 ads/envelope ca. 1887, George G. McClintock Commission Merchants: receipt/envelope 8/2/1892, Darby Manufacturing Co.: envelope 8/25/1892, Edelen Bros Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 3:30/1901, State Normal School Postcard: 6/25/1911","This series contains purchases and orders in ledgers compiled during the lifetime of the Long Store. The series contains 23 ledgers in total. Some ledgers show what customers ordered from the store and others show what the Long Store purchased from other companies in order to fulfill the needs of their customers. The order ledgers show what customers wanted to buy as well as who the regular customers were. They show the relationship that the Long Store had with its customers. Once the orders were delivered and were paid for, the order was crossed out with a red \"X,\" indicating that the transaction was complete.","The purchase ledgers show what the owners of the Long Store purchased in order to meet the demand of their customers. Most of these ledgers are labeled with a date, what was bought on that date, and how much the order cost. Most ledgers were not specific with what goods were bought, but were specific with the pricing. Purchases were mostly labeled as \"Goods\" or \"Tobacco\" showing the importance of tobacco in that it was given its own category. Other ledgers simply state the name of the company being ordered from, rather than listing all the specific goods themselves.","This series contains records of the expenses and sales of the Long family store, as well as ten bank ledgers. The majority are specific to the First National Bank of Harrisonburg, Virginia. These indicate expenses and sales of the store, including specific company or personal names to whom the store is paying off bills or from whom it is receiving payment.","There are also three ledgers that indicate expenses of the store. The first ledger appears to be expenses organized by specific person or business. The latter two are organized by types of goods, including groceries, tobacco, dry goods, drugs, etc. The orders appear to be crossed out once they were acquired.","There are two other larger ledgers in the series. The smaller of the two appears to document the weekly sales of the store. There are several other receipts and calculations relating to the profit of the store stuck in the pages of the ledger. These loose papers were left there in order to preserve original order and context. The larger of the two ledgers seems to be a system of credit from a store in Johnsonville prior to the existence of Long Family Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Samuel Long was known to have stores in many locations, so it seems prudent to assume it was one of his stores before Mt. Clinton. As with the previous ledger, there are calculations and a few documents of correspondence stuck in between the pages. They were likewise kept within to preserve original order.","This series consists of nine books: one \"road book\" ostensibly from Long's Store in Green Mount, Virginia and three account books and five daybooks from Long's Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Daybooks record purchases of general household goods and merchandise, such as eggs, butter, pens, pencils, shoes, yarn, chickens, roosters, sugar, dye, matches, hats, and shovels. Account books typically record customer accounts, transactions and balances over time, and do not record itemized purchases.","This series is a collection of receipts that document the business between small town merchant W.E. Long and commission merchants such as Miller \u0026 Roller, Washington, D. C.; Acker \u0026 Long Produce, Philadelphia; Standard Oil Company; Brand Shoe Co., Roanoke; and J. J. Underhill Fruit \u0026 Vegetables, Baltimore which he supplied with butter, chicken, and eggs. Among the local merchants are: Snell Grocery, Harrisonburg; Hoge \u0026 Hutchinson, Staunton; Merchants Grocery and Hardware, Harrisonburg; L. W. Gaines, Inc., Harrisonburg; Worthington Hardware, Staunton; and National Biscuit Company, Staunton. Bills document the variety of merchandise including shoes, fabric, sugar, and coffee that Long purchased to supply his own customers. Fifteen cancelled checks from the First National Bank Harrisonburg date to 1920. A folder of bank deposit slips, primarily from First National Bank in Harrisonburg, are included.","This series consists of three record books from Mt. Clinton Post Office from 1879 through 1893. All three books are roughly the same size. However, Book One was received missing most of the front and back covers. Book Three was disassembled and boards discarded due to insect damage.","William E. Long was a postmaster at Chrisman, Virginia (1881-1887); Green Mount, Virginia (1889-1893); and Mt. Clinton, Virginia (1893-1897). William's father, Samuel, established and operated general stores and post offices in all three locations. It is unclear why the Mt. Clinton post Office records prior to William's tenure as Mt. Clinton postmaster remained in his possession. They are included in this collection due to their peripheral connection to Long."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fb898fdf7b571541d1841ea18d8cf7e4\"\u003eThe W. E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W. E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W. E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Long's Store (Green Mount, Va.)","Long's Store (Mt Clinton, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Long's Store (Green Mount, Va.)","Long's Store (Mt Clinton, Va.)","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Long, Samuel, 1821-1892","Long, William E. (William Evans), 1855-1926","Long, S. Claude (Samuel Claude), 1925-1988","Suter, Scott Hamilton","Suter, Scott Hamilton"],"persname_ssim":["Suter, Scott Hamilton","Long, Samuel, 1821-1892","Long, William E. (William Evans), 1855-1926","Long, S. Claude (Samuel Claude), 1925-1988"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Long's Store (Green Mount, Va.)","Long's Store (Mt Clinton, Va.)","Suter, Scott Hamilton","Long, Samuel, 1821-1892","Long, William E. (William Evans), 1855-1926","Long, S. Claude (Samuel Claude), 1925-1988"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":76,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:53.919Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_569","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_569.xml","title_ssm":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records"],"title_tesim":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1865-1971"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865/1971"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865/1971"],"text":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865/1971","SC 0218","/repositories/4/resources/569","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","General stores -- Virginia -- Green Mount","General stores -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton","Merchants -- Virginia -- Green Mount -- Records and correspondence","Merchants -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postal service -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postmasters -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Shipping records","Letters (correspondence)","Bills of sale","Promissory notes","Billheads","Invoices","Business records","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged into six series. Generally, each series is arranged chronologically. Exceptions to this arrangement were made in order to keep like materials together within a series.","Invoices, Advertisements, and Correspondence, 1865-1955\n      Purchases and Orders, 1893-1924\n      Bank Ledgers, Expenses, and Sales, 1866-1971\n      Long's Store Account Books, 1869-1921\n      Long's Store Records, 1877-1929\n      Mt. Clinton Post Office Records, 1879-1893","Dale MacAllister, \"The William E. Long Family and Long's Store,\" 2008,  https://dahjsg1f05sei.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/12160639/MacAllisteronLong.pdf (accessed April 18, 2019).","Samuel Long (1821-1892) was the original owner of the Long Store. He worked primarily as a farmer and dry goods merchant, running numerous stores before moving from Shenandoah County to Rockingham County in 1868. In 1880, he bought the Hopkins Upper Mill on Muddy Creek and established the Chrisman general store and post office. His son, William Evans Long (1855-1926), was named postmaster of the Chrisman post office in 1881. Samuel Long also established another store around 1869 in Green Mount, Virginia. William E. Long was named postmaster of the Green Mount branch in 1889, and took over operations from J.W. Mauck. In 1892, Samuel Long bought A.B. Driver \u0026 Company in Mt. Clinton, Virginia, and changed the name to S. Long \u0026 Sons. At this time, William E. Long was also appointed postmaster of the Mt. Clinton post office. William E. Long and his brother-in-law, John B. Bowman (1844-1893) ran the Mt. Clinton branch of the store under the name Long \u0026 Bowman, until the death of Bowman in 1893. Upon the death of Samuel Long in 1892, William's sister sold her husband's half of the Mt. Clinton store to William for $2,500. The name of the store was changed to W.E. Long \u0026 Sons once William Long's children, specifically C. Edward (1887-1961) and Frank R. (1901-1958), reached maturity. The store operated under this name until it was turned over by William Long's sons to a nephew, Samuel Claude Long (1925-1988), who renamed the store S.C. Long \u0026 Sons in 1959. It remained under his name until his retirement in 1988 when it left the family's possession. A quick succession of owners succeeded S. Claude Long until the store was torn down in 1995. The Long family owned and operated the Long family store for roughly 95 years, managing to sustain a business through WWI, the Great Depression, and WWII.","This collection comprises numerous accessions related to W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store and the Long family of Mt. Clinton, Virginia. These accessions include 2001-0912, 2007-0419a, 2007-0419b, 2008-0311, 2008-1215b, and 2016-0501. Parts of this collection were previously cataloged as Long's Store Account Books (SC 4056) and Mt. Clinton Post Office Records (SC 4057).","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2018-2019. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 5044. During this time, the collection was physically consolidated into fewer boxes and minor updates made to the intellectual arrangement. However, the overall intellectual arrangement of the collection was maintained.","The W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Materials include account books and ledgers, invoices and receipts, advertisements, billheads, correspondence, and documentation of expenses and sales related to the business dealings of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W.E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included.","This series contains invoices to the Long Store from other companies, showing that orders were paid for in full. Specific company invoices include:  Harrisonburg Grocery Co. Inc. Exclusively Wholesale; Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co. (successors of  Snell Grocery and Hardware Co.); Sears, Roebuck and Co.; Coca-Cola Co.; National Biscuit Co. (Nabisco); and the Standard Oil Co.","Companies also sent advertisements to the Long Store in order to try to persuade the store to buy their products. Specific company and agency advertisements include advertisements from the US Food Administration; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; Sears, Roebuck and Co.; and the Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co.","Correspondence includes letters and envelopes addressed to the Long Store from a variety of companies. Most of the correspondence thanks the Long Store for their business, provides information about backorders, includes contract letters, and personal correspondence. Companies that sent correspondence letters include: Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026 Stoddard MFG Co., Darby Manufacturing Co., and R. P. Bayley \u0026 Co Importers of China \u0026 Glass.","All of these papers provide insight into the business transactions of the Long Store. The papers also show the types of products that the people of Mt. Clinton, Virginia were buying not only in everyday life, but also during the war years. The papers are organized chronologically and they are listed below in alphabetical order by company name.","There was a group of advertisements and letters found with materials from Series 3 which had been left in their original envelopes. The letters were taken out of the envelopes and placed in a folder. The letters were moved to Series 1 for convenience sake, and are all contained together in Folder 9, so they do not follow the chronological scheme of the other folders. One postcard from the State Normal School of Harrisonburg, Virginia, with seemingly no connection to the Long family, was found with the ledgers.","C. L. Moor; Commonwealth of Virginia; David Taylor and Co.; Hellen Jatzeusteler; Heller Brothers and Co.; Jacob and Viert; Joseph Raish Loans; Long Store Ledger Page; Rockingham Register; R. P. Bayley and Co.; Smith, Ellet, \u0026 Co.; Stoneburner and Richards; Treasury of Rockingham County; Tucker and Co.; Wm. Devries \u0026 Co.; Young, Kimmell, and Diggs","Baker and Company Groceries, Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore Oil, Brand Shoe Co., Byers-Beery Grocery Co., Chesapeake \u0026 Ohio RR, C. J. Rice, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Edelen Bros. Commission, First National Bank, Harrisonburg Evaporating Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Herb Medicine Co., J. G. Haldeman \u0026 Bros, Lynchburg Shoe Co., Miscellaneous, Mishawaka Woolen Manufacturing Co., N. K. Fairbank, Norfolk Western RR, Red C. Oil, R. M. Sutton Co., Snell Grocery \u0026 Hardware, Standard Oil, W. A. W. Davis Corporation","American Snuff Co., Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Crystal Lamps Asst., Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., J. Frank Darling Co. Inc., J.W. Ould Company Inc., Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co., Red \"C\" Oil Manufacturing Co., Snell Grocery, Southern Railroad Co., US Food Administration","American Wholesale Corporation, B. F. Goodrich Rubber, Chattanooga Knitting Mills, City Produce Exchange, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Friedman-Shelby International Shoe, G. K. Andrews \u0026 Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Imperial Ice Cream Co., J. M. Snell \u0026 Co., Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co., National Biscuit Company, Sternick \u0026 Bittman Butter and Eggs, Westel Seed Co., W. F. Berry \u0026 Son","American Wholesale Corporation, Arbuckle Brothers, Barnhart Overall Company, B. F. Goodrich Rubber Company, Chas. King \u0026 Son Co, Inc., Daniel Miller Company, Edelen Brothers General Commission Merchants, Ehrmann Manufacturing Co., First National Bank, G. K. Andrews and Co., Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., International Shoe Company, J. M. Strickler, John W. Eshelman and Sons, J. W. Ould Company, L.W. Gaines and Company, Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co., Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co., National Biscuit Company, Proctor and Gamble Distributing Co., Richmond Hosier Mills, Southern Railway Company, Valley Supply Company, Virginia Cigar Company, Wetsel Seed Company","American Wholesale Corporation, Barnhart Overall Co.; Burke \u0026 Price Insurance; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; D. M. Ferry \u0026 Co. Seedsmen; E. W. Ross Ensilage Cutter \u0026 Silo Co.; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026 Fruit Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; H. M. Baucon \u0026 Sons; J. M. Strickler; John F. Birkmeyer \u0026 Sons; Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co.; Mishawaka Rubber \u0026 Woolen Manufacturing Co.; National Biscuit Co.; R. A. Brice \u0026 Son; R. G. Dun \u0026 Co.","C. D. Kenny Co.; Daniel Miller Company; Harlin Bro and Co.; Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; International Shoe Company; Miscellaneous; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son","American Wholesale Co.; Bentley, Shriver \u0026 Co.; Bob's Food Products Co., Inc.; Butler Brothers; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; Dixie Distributing Co.; E. J. Branch \u0026 Sons; Elkton Lithia Bottling Co.; First National Bank; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026 Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Harrisonburg Livestock Market Inc.; Hartford Fire Insurance Co.; Henry S. King \u0026 Sons; J. F. Burkholder's Speech on World Peace; J. S. Denton \u0026 Sons, Inc.; Manbeck Bread Co.; Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co.; Miscellaneous Accounting; M. O. Showalter \u0026 Son; National Biscuit Co.; Ort Brothers Bakery, Inc.; Proctor \u0026 Gamble Distributing Co.; Rockingham Cooperative Farm Bureau, Inc.; Rockingham Tractor \u0026 Equipment Co.; Snow King Baking Powder Co.; Strietman Biscuit Co.; Virginia Pepsi-Cola Bottling Co.; Wm. Schluderberg- T. J. Kurdle Co.","R. P. Bayley \u0026 Co Importers of China \u0026 Glass, Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 2/2/1882, Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 11/10/1882, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026 Stoddard MFG Co.: 4 ads/envelope ca. 1887, George G. McClintock Commission Merchants: receipt/envelope 8/2/1892, Darby Manufacturing Co.: envelope 8/25/1892, Edelen Bros Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 3:30/1901, State Normal School Postcard: 6/25/1911","This series contains purchases and orders in ledgers compiled during the lifetime of the Long Store. The series contains 23 ledgers in total. Some ledgers show what customers ordered from the store and others show what the Long Store purchased from other companies in order to fulfill the needs of their customers. The order ledgers show what customers wanted to buy as well as who the regular customers were. They show the relationship that the Long Store had with its customers. Once the orders were delivered and were paid for, the order was crossed out with a red \"X,\" indicating that the transaction was complete.","The purchase ledgers show what the owners of the Long Store purchased in order to meet the demand of their customers. Most of these ledgers are labeled with a date, what was bought on that date, and how much the order cost. Most ledgers were not specific with what goods were bought, but were specific with the pricing. Purchases were mostly labeled as \"Goods\" or \"Tobacco\" showing the importance of tobacco in that it was given its own category. Other ledgers simply state the name of the company being ordered from, rather than listing all the specific goods themselves.","This series contains records of the expenses and sales of the Long family store, as well as ten bank ledgers. The majority are specific to the First National Bank of Harrisonburg, Virginia. These indicate expenses and sales of the store, including specific company or personal names to whom the store is paying off bills or from whom it is receiving payment.","There are also three ledgers that indicate expenses of the store. The first ledger appears to be expenses organized by specific person or business. The latter two are organized by types of goods, including groceries, tobacco, dry goods, drugs, etc. The orders appear to be crossed out once they were acquired.","There are two other larger ledgers in the series. The smaller of the two appears to document the weekly sales of the store. There are several other receipts and calculations relating to the profit of the store stuck in the pages of the ledger. These loose papers were left there in order to preserve original order and context. The larger of the two ledgers seems to be a system of credit from a store in Johnsonville prior to the existence of Long Family Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Samuel Long was known to have stores in many locations, so it seems prudent to assume it was one of his stores before Mt. Clinton. As with the previous ledger, there are calculations and a few documents of correspondence stuck in between the pages. They were likewise kept within to preserve original order.","This series consists of nine books: one \"road book\" ostensibly from Long's Store in Green Mount, Virginia and three account books and five daybooks from Long's Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Daybooks record purchases of general household goods and merchandise, such as eggs, butter, pens, pencils, shoes, yarn, chickens, roosters, sugar, dye, matches, hats, and shovels. Account books typically record customer accounts, transactions and balances over time, and do not record itemized purchases.","This series is a collection of receipts that document the business between small town merchant W.E. Long and commission merchants such as Miller \u0026 Roller, Washington, D. C.; Acker \u0026 Long Produce, Philadelphia; Standard Oil Company; Brand Shoe Co., Roanoke; and J. J. Underhill Fruit \u0026 Vegetables, Baltimore which he supplied with butter, chicken, and eggs. Among the local merchants are: Snell Grocery, Harrisonburg; Hoge \u0026 Hutchinson, Staunton; Merchants Grocery and Hardware, Harrisonburg; L. W. Gaines, Inc., Harrisonburg; Worthington Hardware, Staunton; and National Biscuit Company, Staunton. Bills document the variety of merchandise including shoes, fabric, sugar, and coffee that Long purchased to supply his own customers. Fifteen cancelled checks from the First National Bank Harrisonburg date to 1920. A folder of bank deposit slips, primarily from First National Bank in Harrisonburg, are included.","This series consists of three record books from Mt. Clinton Post Office from 1879 through 1893. All three books are roughly the same size. However, Book One was received missing most of the front and back covers. Book Three was disassembled and boards discarded due to insect damage.","William E. Long was a postmaster at Chrisman, Virginia (1881-1887); Green Mount, Virginia (1889-1893); and Mt. Clinton, Virginia (1893-1897). William's father, Samuel, established and operated general stores and post offices in all three locations. It is unclear why the Mt. Clinton post Office records prior to William's tenure as Mt. Clinton postmaster remained in his possession. They are included in this collection due to their peripheral connection to Long.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W. E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Long's Store (Green Mount, Va.)","Long's Store (Mt Clinton, Va.)","Suter, Scott Hamilton","Long, Samuel, 1821-1892","Long, William E. (William Evans), 1855-1926","Long, S. Claude (Samuel Claude), 1925-1988","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865/1971"],"collection_ssim":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865/1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0218","/repositories/4/resources/569"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0218","/repositories/4/resources/569"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"geogname_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"places_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"creator_ssm":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Suter, Scott Hamilton","Suter, Scott Hamilton"],"creator_ssim":["W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Suter, Scott Hamilton","Suter, Scott Hamilton"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Suter, Scott Hamilton","Long, Samuel, 1821-1892","Long, William E. (William Evans), 1855-1926","Long, S. Claude (Samuel Claude), 1925-1988"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Long's Store (Green Mount, Va.)","Long's Store (Mt Clinton, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Suter, Scott Hamilton","Long, Samuel, 1821-1892","Long, William E. (William Evans), 1855-1926","Long, S. Claude (Samuel Claude), 1925-1988","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Long's Store (Green Mount, Va.)","Long's Store (Mt Clinton, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials in this collection were donated by Scott Suter in 2001; purchased from Scott Suter between 2007 and 2008; purchased from Dusty's Antique Market (Ronald L. Fulk) in Mt. Sidney, Virginia in 2008; purchased from Rocky's Gold \u0026 Silver in Weyer's Cave, Virginia in 2009; and found as orphaned material in a Carrier Library filing cabinet in 2016. A 2020 acquisition comprising W. E. Long \u0026 Sons shipping books and an account book was added to the collection in 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["General stores -- Virginia -- Green Mount","General stores -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton","Merchants -- Virginia -- Green Mount -- Records and correspondence","Merchants -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postal service -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postmasters -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Shipping records","Letters (correspondence)","Bills of sale","Promissory notes","Billheads","Invoices","Business records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["General stores -- Virginia -- Green Mount","General stores -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton","Merchants -- Virginia -- Green Mount -- Records and correspondence","Merchants -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postal service -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Postmasters -- Virginia -- Mt. Clinton -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Shipping records","Letters (correspondence)","Bills of sale","Promissory notes","Billheads","Invoices","Business records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.31 cubic feet 6 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.31 cubic feet 6 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)","Shipping records","Letters (correspondence)","Bills of sale","Promissory notes","Billheads","Invoices","Business records"],"date_range_isim":[1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into six series. Generally, each series is arranged chronologically. Exceptions to this arrangement were made in order to keep like materials together within a series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eInvoices, Advertisements, and Correspondence, 1865-1955\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePurchases and Orders, 1893-1924\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBank Ledgers, Expenses, and Sales, 1866-1971\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eLong's Store Account Books, 1869-1921\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eLong's Store Records, 1877-1929\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMt. Clinton Post Office Records, 1879-1893\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into six series. Generally, each series is arranged chronologically. Exceptions to this arrangement were made in order to keep like materials together within a series.","Invoices, Advertisements, and Correspondence, 1865-1955\n      Purchases and Orders, 1893-1924\n      Bank Ledgers, Expenses, and Sales, 1866-1971\n      Long's Store Account Books, 1869-1921\n      Long's Store Records, 1877-1929\n      Mt. Clinton Post Office Records, 1879-1893"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eDale MacAllister, \"The William E. Long Family and Long's Store,\" 2008,  https://dahjsg1f05sei.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/12160639/MacAllisteronLong.pdf (accessed April 18, 2019).\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Dale MacAllister, \"The William E. Long Family and Long's Store,\" 2008,  https://dahjsg1f05sei.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/12160639/MacAllisteronLong.pdf (accessed April 18, 2019)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSamuel Long (1821-1892) was the original owner of the Long Store. He worked primarily as a farmer and dry goods merchant, running numerous stores before moving from Shenandoah County to Rockingham County in 1868. In 1880, he bought the Hopkins Upper Mill on Muddy Creek and established the Chrisman general store and post office. His son, William Evans Long (1855-1926), was named postmaster of the Chrisman post office in 1881. Samuel Long also established another store around 1869 in Green Mount, Virginia. William E. Long was named postmaster of the Green Mount branch in 1889, and took over operations from J.W. Mauck. In 1892, Samuel Long bought A.B. Driver \u0026amp; Company in Mt. Clinton, Virginia, and changed the name to S. Long \u0026amp; Sons. At this time, William E. Long was also appointed postmaster of the Mt. Clinton post office. William E. Long and his brother-in-law, John B. Bowman (1844-1893) ran the Mt. Clinton branch of the store under the name Long \u0026amp; Bowman, until the death of Bowman in 1893. Upon the death of Samuel Long in 1892, William's sister sold her husband's half of the Mt. Clinton store to William for $2,500. The name of the store was changed to W.E. Long \u0026amp; Sons once William Long's children, specifically C. Edward (1887-1961) and Frank R. (1901-1958), reached maturity. The store operated under this name until it was turned over by William Long's sons to a nephew, Samuel Claude Long (1925-1988), who renamed the store S.C. Long \u0026amp; Sons in 1959. It remained under his name until his retirement in 1988 when it left the family's possession. A quick succession of owners succeeded S. Claude Long until the store was torn down in 1995. The Long family owned and operated the Long family store for roughly 95 years, managing to sustain a business through WWI, the Great Depression, and WWII.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Samuel Long (1821-1892) was the original owner of the Long Store. He worked primarily as a farmer and dry goods merchant, running numerous stores before moving from Shenandoah County to Rockingham County in 1868. In 1880, he bought the Hopkins Upper Mill on Muddy Creek and established the Chrisman general store and post office. His son, William Evans Long (1855-1926), was named postmaster of the Chrisman post office in 1881. Samuel Long also established another store around 1869 in Green Mount, Virginia. William E. Long was named postmaster of the Green Mount branch in 1889, and took over operations from J.W. Mauck. In 1892, Samuel Long bought A.B. Driver \u0026 Company in Mt. Clinton, Virginia, and changed the name to S. Long \u0026 Sons. At this time, William E. Long was also appointed postmaster of the Mt. Clinton post office. William E. Long and his brother-in-law, John B. Bowman (1844-1893) ran the Mt. Clinton branch of the store under the name Long \u0026 Bowman, until the death of Bowman in 1893. Upon the death of Samuel Long in 1892, William's sister sold her husband's half of the Mt. Clinton store to William for $2,500. The name of the store was changed to W.E. Long \u0026 Sons once William Long's children, specifically C. Edward (1887-1961) and Frank R. (1901-1958), reached maturity. The store operated under this name until it was turned over by William Long's sons to a nephew, Samuel Claude Long (1925-1988), who renamed the store S.C. Long \u0026 Sons in 1959. It remained under his name until his retirement in 1988 when it left the family's possession. A quick succession of owners succeeded S. Claude Long until the store was torn down in 1995. The Long family owned and operated the Long family store for roughly 95 years, managing to sustain a business through WWI, the Great Depression, and WWII."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], W. E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, SC 0218, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, SC 0218, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection comprises numerous accessions related to W. E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store and the Long family of Mt. Clinton, Virginia. These accessions include 2001-0912, 2007-0419a, 2007-0419b, 2008-0311, 2008-1215b, and 2016-0501. Parts of this collection were previously cataloged as Long's Store Account Books (SC 4056) and Mt. Clinton Post Office Records (SC 4057).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2018-2019. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 5044.\u003c/emph\u003e During this time, the collection was physically consolidated into fewer boxes and minor updates made to the intellectual arrangement. However, the overall intellectual arrangement of the collection was maintained.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection comprises numerous accessions related to W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store and the Long family of Mt. Clinton, Virginia. These accessions include 2001-0912, 2007-0419a, 2007-0419b, 2008-0311, 2008-1215b, and 2016-0501. Parts of this collection were previously cataloged as Long's Store Account Books (SC 4056) and Mt. Clinton Post Office Records (SC 4057).","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2018-2019. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 5044. During this time, the collection was physically consolidated into fewer boxes and minor updates made to the intellectual arrangement. However, the overall intellectual arrangement of the collection was maintained."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe W. E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Materials include account books and ledgers, invoices and receipts, advertisements, billheads, correspondence, and documentation of expenses and sales related to the business dealings of W.E. Long \u0026amp; Sons. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W.E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains invoices to the Long Store from other companies, showing that orders were paid for in full. Specific company invoices include:  Harrisonburg Grocery Co. Inc. Exclusively Wholesale; Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co. (successors of  Snell Grocery and Hardware Co.); Sears, Roebuck and Co.; Coca-Cola Co.; National Biscuit Co. (Nabisco); and the Standard Oil Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompanies also sent advertisements to the Long Store in order to try to persuade the store to buy their products. Specific company and agency advertisements include advertisements from the US Food Administration; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; Sears, Roebuck and Co.; and the Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes letters and envelopes addressed to the Long Store from a variety of companies. Most of the correspondence thanks the Long Store for their business, provides information about backorders, includes contract letters, and personal correspondence. Companies that sent correspondence letters include: Miller \u0026amp; Yager General Commission Merchants, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026amp; Stoddard MFG Co., Darby Manufacturing Co., and R. P. Bayley \u0026amp; Co Importers of China \u0026amp; Glass.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll of these papers provide insight into the business transactions of the Long Store. The papers also show the types of products that the people of Mt. Clinton, Virginia were buying not only in everyday life, but also during the war years. The papers are organized chronologically and they are listed below in alphabetical order by company name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere was a group of advertisements and letters found with materials from Series 3 which had been left in their original envelopes. The letters were taken out of the envelopes and placed in a folder. The letters were moved to Series 1 for convenience sake, and are all contained together in Folder 9, so they do not follow the chronological scheme of the other folders. One postcard from the State Normal School of Harrisonburg, Virginia, with seemingly no connection to the Long family, was found with the ledgers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eC. L. Moor; Commonwealth of Virginia; David Taylor and Co.; Hellen Jatzeusteler; Heller Brothers and Co.; Jacob and Viert; Joseph Raish Loans; Long Store Ledger Page; Rockingham Register; R. P. Bayley and Co.; Smith, Ellet, \u0026amp; Co.; Stoneburner and Richards; Treasury of Rockingham County; Tucker and Co.; Wm. Devries \u0026amp; Co.; Young, Kimmell, and Diggs\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaker and Company Groceries, Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore Oil, Brand Shoe Co., Byers-Beery Grocery Co., Chesapeake \u0026amp; Ohio RR, C. J. Rice, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Edelen Bros. Commission, First National Bank, Harrisonburg Evaporating Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Herb Medicine Co., J. G. Haldeman \u0026amp; Bros, Lynchburg Shoe Co., Miscellaneous, Mishawaka Woolen Manufacturing Co., N. K. Fairbank, Norfolk Western RR, Red C. Oil, R. M. Sutton Co., Snell Grocery \u0026amp; Hardware, Standard Oil, W. A. W. Davis Corporation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Snuff Co., Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Crystal Lamps Asst., Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., J. Frank Darling Co. Inc., J.W. Ould Company Inc., Merchants Grocery \u0026amp; Hardware Co., Red \"C\" Oil Manufacturing Co., Snell Grocery, Southern Railroad Co., US Food Administration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Wholesale Corporation, B. F. Goodrich Rubber, Chattanooga Knitting Mills, City Produce Exchange, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Friedman-Shelby International Shoe, G. K. Andrews \u0026amp; Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Imperial Ice Cream Co., J. M. Snell \u0026amp; Co., Merchants Grocery \u0026amp; Hardware Co., National Biscuit Company, Sternick \u0026amp; Bittman Butter and Eggs, Westel Seed Co., W. F. Berry \u0026amp; Son\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Wholesale Corporation, Arbuckle Brothers, Barnhart Overall Company, B. F. Goodrich Rubber Company, Chas. King \u0026amp; Son Co, Inc., Daniel Miller Company, Edelen Brothers General Commission Merchants, Ehrmann Manufacturing Co., First National Bank, G. K. Andrews and Co., Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., International Shoe Company, J. M. Strickler, John W. Eshelman and Sons, J. W. Ould Company, L.W. Gaines and Company, Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co., Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co., National Biscuit Company, Proctor and Gamble Distributing Co., Richmond Hosier Mills, Southern Railway Company, Valley Supply Company, Virginia Cigar Company, Wetsel Seed Company\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Wholesale Corporation, Barnhart Overall Co.; Burke \u0026amp; Price Insurance; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; D. M. Ferry \u0026amp; Co. Seedsmen; E. W. Ross Ensilage Cutter \u0026amp; Silo Co.; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026amp; Fruit Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; H. M. Baucon \u0026amp; Sons; J. M. Strickler; John F. Birkmeyer \u0026amp; Sons; Merchants Grocery \u0026amp; Hardware Co.; Mishawaka Rubber \u0026amp; Woolen Manufacturing Co.; National Biscuit Co.; R. A. Brice \u0026amp; Son; R. G. Dun \u0026amp; Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eC. D. Kenny Co.; Daniel Miller Company; Harlin Bro and Co.; Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; International Shoe Company; Miscellaneous; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Wholesale Co.; Bentley, Shriver \u0026amp; Co.; Bob's Food Products Co., Inc.; Butler Brothers; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; Dixie Distributing Co.; E. J. Branch \u0026amp; Sons; Elkton Lithia Bottling Co.; First National Bank; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026amp; Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Harrisonburg Livestock Market Inc.; Hartford Fire Insurance Co.; Henry S. King \u0026amp; Sons; J. F. Burkholder's Speech on World Peace; J. S. Denton \u0026amp; Sons, Inc.; Manbeck Bread Co.; Merchants Grocery \u0026amp; Hardware Co.; Miscellaneous Accounting; M. O. Showalter \u0026amp; Son; National Biscuit Co.; Ort Brothers Bakery, Inc.; Proctor \u0026amp; Gamble Distributing Co.; Rockingham Cooperative Farm Bureau, Inc.; Rockingham Tractor \u0026amp; Equipment Co.; Snow King Baking Powder Co.; Strietman Biscuit Co.; Virginia Pepsi-Cola Bottling Co.; Wm. Schluderberg- T. J. Kurdle Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR. P. Bayley \u0026amp; Co Importers of China \u0026amp; Glass, Miller \u0026amp; Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 2/2/1882, Miller \u0026amp; Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 11/10/1882, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026amp; Stoddard MFG Co.: 4 ads/envelope ca. 1887, George G. McClintock Commission Merchants: receipt/envelope 8/2/1892, Darby Manufacturing Co.: envelope 8/25/1892, Edelen Bros Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 3:30/1901, State Normal School Postcard: 6/25/1911\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains purchases and orders in ledgers compiled during the lifetime of the Long Store. The series contains 23 ledgers in total. Some ledgers show what customers ordered from the store and others show what the Long Store purchased from other companies in order to fulfill the needs of their customers. The order ledgers show what customers wanted to buy as well as who the regular customers were. They show the relationship that the Long Store had with its customers. Once the orders were delivered and were paid for, the order was crossed out with a red \"X,\" indicating that the transaction was complete.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe purchase ledgers show what the owners of the Long Store purchased in order to meet the demand of their customers. Most of these ledgers are labeled with a date, what was bought on that date, and how much the order cost. Most ledgers were not specific with what goods were bought, but were specific with the pricing. Purchases were mostly labeled as \"Goods\" or \"Tobacco\" showing the importance of tobacco in that it was given its own category. Other ledgers simply state the name of the company being ordered from, rather than listing all the specific goods themselves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains records of the expenses and sales of the Long family store, as well as ten bank ledgers. The majority are specific to the First National Bank of Harrisonburg, Virginia. These indicate expenses and sales of the store, including specific company or personal names to whom the store is paying off bills or from whom it is receiving payment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are also three ledgers that indicate expenses of the store. The first ledger appears to be expenses organized by specific person or business. The latter two are organized by types of goods, including groceries, tobacco, dry goods, drugs, etc. The orders appear to be crossed out once they were acquired.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are two other larger ledgers in the series. The smaller of the two appears to document the weekly sales of the store. There are several other receipts and calculations relating to the profit of the store stuck in the pages of the ledger. These loose papers were left there in order to preserve original order and context. The larger of the two ledgers seems to be a system of credit from a store in Johnsonville prior to the existence of Long Family Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Samuel Long was known to have stores in many locations, so it seems prudent to assume it was one of his stores before Mt. Clinton. As with the previous ledger, there are calculations and a few documents of correspondence stuck in between the pages. They were likewise kept within to preserve original order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of nine books: one \"road book\" ostensibly from Long's Store in Green Mount, Virginia and three account books and five daybooks from Long's Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Daybooks record purchases of general household goods and merchandise, such as eggs, butter, pens, pencils, shoes, yarn, chickens, roosters, sugar, dye, matches, hats, and shovels. Account books typically record customer accounts, transactions and balances over time, and do not record itemized purchases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is a collection of receipts that document the business between small town merchant W.E. Long and commission merchants such as Miller \u0026amp; Roller, Washington, D. C.; Acker \u0026amp; Long Produce, Philadelphia; Standard Oil Company; Brand Shoe Co., Roanoke; and J. J. Underhill Fruit \u0026amp; Vegetables, Baltimore which he supplied with butter, chicken, and eggs. Among the local merchants are: Snell Grocery, Harrisonburg; Hoge \u0026amp; Hutchinson, Staunton; Merchants Grocery and Hardware, Harrisonburg; L. W. Gaines, Inc., Harrisonburg; Worthington Hardware, Staunton; and National Biscuit Company, Staunton. Bills document the variety of merchandise including shoes, fabric, sugar, and coffee that Long purchased to supply his own customers. Fifteen cancelled checks from the First National Bank Harrisonburg date to 1920. A folder of bank deposit slips, primarily from First National Bank in Harrisonburg, are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of three record books from Mt. Clinton Post Office from 1879 through 1893. All three books are roughly the same size. However, Book One was received missing most of the front and back covers. Book Three was disassembled and boards discarded due to insect damage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam E. Long was a postmaster at Chrisman, Virginia (1881-1887); Green Mount, Virginia (1889-1893); and Mt. Clinton, Virginia (1893-1897). William's father, Samuel, established and operated general stores and post offices in all three locations. It is unclear why the Mt. Clinton post Office records prior to William's tenure as Mt. Clinton postmaster remained in his possession. They are included in this collection due to their peripheral connection to Long.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Materials include account books and ledgers, invoices and receipts, advertisements, billheads, correspondence, and documentation of expenses and sales related to the business dealings of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W.E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included.","This series contains invoices to the Long Store from other companies, showing that orders were paid for in full. Specific company invoices include:  Harrisonburg Grocery Co. Inc. Exclusively Wholesale; Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co. (successors of  Snell Grocery and Hardware Co.); Sears, Roebuck and Co.; Coca-Cola Co.; National Biscuit Co. (Nabisco); and the Standard Oil Co.","Companies also sent advertisements to the Long Store in order to try to persuade the store to buy their products. Specific company and agency advertisements include advertisements from the US Food Administration; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; Sears, Roebuck and Co.; and the Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co.","Correspondence includes letters and envelopes addressed to the Long Store from a variety of companies. Most of the correspondence thanks the Long Store for their business, provides information about backorders, includes contract letters, and personal correspondence. Companies that sent correspondence letters include: Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026 Stoddard MFG Co., Darby Manufacturing Co., and R. P. Bayley \u0026 Co Importers of China \u0026 Glass.","All of these papers provide insight into the business transactions of the Long Store. The papers also show the types of products that the people of Mt. Clinton, Virginia were buying not only in everyday life, but also during the war years. The papers are organized chronologically and they are listed below in alphabetical order by company name.","There was a group of advertisements and letters found with materials from Series 3 which had been left in their original envelopes. The letters were taken out of the envelopes and placed in a folder. The letters were moved to Series 1 for convenience sake, and are all contained together in Folder 9, so they do not follow the chronological scheme of the other folders. One postcard from the State Normal School of Harrisonburg, Virginia, with seemingly no connection to the Long family, was found with the ledgers.","C. L. Moor; Commonwealth of Virginia; David Taylor and Co.; Hellen Jatzeusteler; Heller Brothers and Co.; Jacob and Viert; Joseph Raish Loans; Long Store Ledger Page; Rockingham Register; R. P. Bayley and Co.; Smith, Ellet, \u0026 Co.; Stoneburner and Richards; Treasury of Rockingham County; Tucker and Co.; Wm. Devries \u0026 Co.; Young, Kimmell, and Diggs","Baker and Company Groceries, Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore Oil, Brand Shoe Co., Byers-Beery Grocery Co., Chesapeake \u0026 Ohio RR, C. J. Rice, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Edelen Bros. Commission, First National Bank, Harrisonburg Evaporating Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Herb Medicine Co., J. G. Haldeman \u0026 Bros, Lynchburg Shoe Co., Miscellaneous, Mishawaka Woolen Manufacturing Co., N. K. Fairbank, Norfolk Western RR, Red C. Oil, R. M. Sutton Co., Snell Grocery \u0026 Hardware, Standard Oil, W. A. W. Davis Corporation","American Snuff Co., Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Crystal Lamps Asst., Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., J. Frank Darling Co. Inc., J.W. Ould Company Inc., Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co., Red \"C\" Oil Manufacturing Co., Snell Grocery, Southern Railroad Co., US Food Administration","American Wholesale Corporation, B. F. Goodrich Rubber, Chattanooga Knitting Mills, City Produce Exchange, Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods, Friedman-Shelby International Shoe, G. K. Andrews \u0026 Co., Harrisonburg Grocery Co., Imperial Ice Cream Co., J. M. Snell \u0026 Co., Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co., National Biscuit Company, Sternick \u0026 Bittman Butter and Eggs, Westel Seed Co., W. F. Berry \u0026 Son","American Wholesale Corporation, Arbuckle Brothers, Barnhart Overall Company, B. F. Goodrich Rubber Company, Chas. King \u0026 Son Co, Inc., Daniel Miller Company, Edelen Brothers General Commission Merchants, Ehrmann Manufacturing Co., First National Bank, G. K. Andrews and Co., Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Harrisonburg Grocery Co., International Shoe Company, J. M. Strickler, John W. Eshelman and Sons, J. W. Ould Company, L.W. Gaines and Company, Merchants Grocery and Hardware Co., Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co., National Biscuit Company, Proctor and Gamble Distributing Co., Richmond Hosier Mills, Southern Railway Company, Valley Supply Company, Virginia Cigar Company, Wetsel Seed Company","American Wholesale Corporation, Barnhart Overall Co.; Burke \u0026 Price Insurance; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; D. M. Ferry \u0026 Co. Seedsmen; E. W. Ross Ensilage Cutter \u0026 Silo Co.; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026 Fruit Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; H. M. Baucon \u0026 Sons; J. M. Strickler; John F. Birkmeyer \u0026 Sons; Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co.; Mishawaka Rubber \u0026 Woolen Manufacturing Co.; National Biscuit Co.; R. A. Brice \u0026 Son; R. G. Dun \u0026 Co.","C. D. Kenny Co.; Daniel Miller Company; Harlin Bro and Co.; Harrisonburg Candy and Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Hawkins Hardware Co.; International Shoe Company; Miscellaneous; Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Mfg. Co.; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son; R. A. Brice and Son","American Wholesale Co.; Bentley, Shriver \u0026 Co.; Bob's Food Products Co., Inc.; Butler Brothers; Daniel Miller Co. Dry Goods; Dixie Distributing Co.; E. J. Branch \u0026 Sons; Elkton Lithia Bottling Co.; First National Bank; Friedman-Shelby International Shoe; Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., Inc.; Harrisonburg Candy \u0026 Fruit Company, Inc.; Harrisonburg Grocery Co.; Harrisonburg Livestock Market Inc.; Hartford Fire Insurance Co.; Henry S. King \u0026 Sons; J. F. Burkholder's Speech on World Peace; J. S. Denton \u0026 Sons, Inc.; Manbeck Bread Co.; Merchants Grocery \u0026 Hardware Co.; Miscellaneous Accounting; M. O. Showalter \u0026 Son; National Biscuit Co.; Ort Brothers Bakery, Inc.; Proctor \u0026 Gamble Distributing Co.; Rockingham Cooperative Farm Bureau, Inc.; Rockingham Tractor \u0026 Equipment Co.; Snow King Baking Powder Co.; Strietman Biscuit Co.; Virginia Pepsi-Cola Bottling Co.; Wm. Schluderberg- T. J. Kurdle Co.","R. P. Bayley \u0026 Co Importers of China \u0026 Glass, Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 2/2/1882, Miller \u0026 Yager General Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 11/10/1882, Superior Dairy Goods Moseley \u0026 Stoddard MFG Co.: 4 ads/envelope ca. 1887, George G. McClintock Commission Merchants: receipt/envelope 8/2/1892, Darby Manufacturing Co.: envelope 8/25/1892, Edelen Bros Commission Merchants: invoice/envelope 3:30/1901, State Normal School Postcard: 6/25/1911","This series contains purchases and orders in ledgers compiled during the lifetime of the Long Store. The series contains 23 ledgers in total. Some ledgers show what customers ordered from the store and others show what the Long Store purchased from other companies in order to fulfill the needs of their customers. The order ledgers show what customers wanted to buy as well as who the regular customers were. They show the relationship that the Long Store had with its customers. Once the orders were delivered and were paid for, the order was crossed out with a red \"X,\" indicating that the transaction was complete.","The purchase ledgers show what the owners of the Long Store purchased in order to meet the demand of their customers. Most of these ledgers are labeled with a date, what was bought on that date, and how much the order cost. Most ledgers were not specific with what goods were bought, but were specific with the pricing. Purchases were mostly labeled as \"Goods\" or \"Tobacco\" showing the importance of tobacco in that it was given its own category. Other ledgers simply state the name of the company being ordered from, rather than listing all the specific goods themselves.","This series contains records of the expenses and sales of the Long family store, as well as ten bank ledgers. The majority are specific to the First National Bank of Harrisonburg, Virginia. These indicate expenses and sales of the store, including specific company or personal names to whom the store is paying off bills or from whom it is receiving payment.","There are also three ledgers that indicate expenses of the store. The first ledger appears to be expenses organized by specific person or business. The latter two are organized by types of goods, including groceries, tobacco, dry goods, drugs, etc. The orders appear to be crossed out once they were acquired.","There are two other larger ledgers in the series. The smaller of the two appears to document the weekly sales of the store. There are several other receipts and calculations relating to the profit of the store stuck in the pages of the ledger. These loose papers were left there in order to preserve original order and context. The larger of the two ledgers seems to be a system of credit from a store in Johnsonville prior to the existence of Long Family Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Samuel Long was known to have stores in many locations, so it seems prudent to assume it was one of his stores before Mt. Clinton. As with the previous ledger, there are calculations and a few documents of correspondence stuck in between the pages. They were likewise kept within to preserve original order.","This series consists of nine books: one \"road book\" ostensibly from Long's Store in Green Mount, Virginia and three account books and five daybooks from Long's Store in Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Daybooks record purchases of general household goods and merchandise, such as eggs, butter, pens, pencils, shoes, yarn, chickens, roosters, sugar, dye, matches, hats, and shovels. Account books typically record customer accounts, transactions and balances over time, and do not record itemized purchases.","This series is a collection of receipts that document the business between small town merchant W.E. Long and commission merchants such as Miller \u0026 Roller, Washington, D. C.; Acker \u0026 Long Produce, Philadelphia; Standard Oil Company; Brand Shoe Co., Roanoke; and J. J. Underhill Fruit \u0026 Vegetables, Baltimore which he supplied with butter, chicken, and eggs. Among the local merchants are: Snell Grocery, Harrisonburg; Hoge \u0026 Hutchinson, Staunton; Merchants Grocery and Hardware, Harrisonburg; L. W. Gaines, Inc., Harrisonburg; Worthington Hardware, Staunton; and National Biscuit Company, Staunton. Bills document the variety of merchandise including shoes, fabric, sugar, and coffee that Long purchased to supply his own customers. Fifteen cancelled checks from the First National Bank Harrisonburg date to 1920. A folder of bank deposit slips, primarily from First National Bank in Harrisonburg, are included.","This series consists of three record books from Mt. Clinton Post Office from 1879 through 1893. All three books are roughly the same size. However, Book One was received missing most of the front and back covers. Book Three was disassembled and boards discarded due to insect damage.","William E. Long was a postmaster at Chrisman, Virginia (1881-1887); Green Mount, Virginia (1889-1893); and Mt. Clinton, Virginia (1893-1897). William's father, Samuel, established and operated general stores and post offices in all three locations. It is unclear why the Mt. Clinton post Office records prior to William's tenure as Mt. Clinton postmaster remained in his possession. They are included in this collection due to their peripheral connection to Long."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fb898fdf7b571541d1841ea18d8cf7e4\"\u003eThe W. E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026amp; Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W. E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The W. E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store Records, 1865-1971, primarily document the business activities of W.E. Long \u0026 Sons General Store in Rockingham County, Virginia. Records from the Mt. Clinton Post Office, predating W. E. Long's time as Mt. Clinton postmaster, are also included."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Long's Store (Green Mount, Va.)","Long's Store (Mt Clinton, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Long's Store (Green Mount, Va.)","Long's Store (Mt Clinton, Va.)","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Long, Samuel, 1821-1892","Long, William E. (William Evans), 1855-1926","Long, S. Claude (Samuel Claude), 1925-1988","Suter, Scott Hamilton","Suter, Scott Hamilton"],"persname_ssim":["Suter, Scott Hamilton","Long, Samuel, 1821-1892","Long, William E. (William Evans), 1855-1926","Long, S. Claude (Samuel Claude), 1925-1988"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","W. E. Long \u0026 Sons","Rocky's Gold Silver \u0026 Antiques","Long's Store (Green Mount, Va.)","Long's Store (Mt Clinton, Va.)","Suter, Scott Hamilton","Long, Samuel, 1821-1892","Long, William E. (William Evans), 1855-1926","Long, S. Claude (Samuel Claude), 1925-1988"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":76,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:53.919Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_569"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_431_c05_c03","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"West Central Academy and Mt. Clinton School, 1895/1991","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_431_c05_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_431_c05_c03","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_431_c05_c03"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_431_c05_c03","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_431","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_431","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_431_c05","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_431_c05","parent_ssim":["Heatwole Family Papers, 1838/2001","Genealogy and Research Files, 1901/2001"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_431","vihart_repositories_4_resources_431_c05"],"title_filing_ssi":"West Central Academy and Mt. Clinton School","title_ssm":["West Central Academy and Mt. Clinton School"],"title_tesim":["West Central Academy and Mt. Clinton School"],"normalized_title_ssm":["West Central Academy and Mt. Clinton School, 1895/1991"],"text":["West Central Academy and Mt. Clinton School, 1895/1991","Heatwole Family Papers, 1838/2001","Genealogy and Research Files, 1901/2001","box 5","folder 13","box OV 1","folder 5"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Heatwole Family Papers, 1838/2001","Genealogy and Research Files, 1901/2001"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Heatwole Family Papers, 1838/2001","Genealogy and Research Files, 1901/2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1895/1991"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1895-1991"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":73,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Heatwole Family Papers, 1838/2001"],"containers_ssim":["box 5","folder 13","box OV 1","folder 5"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#2","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_431","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_431","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_431","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_431","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_431.xml","title_ssm":["Heatwole Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Heatwole Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1838-2001"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1838-2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1838/2001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Heatwole Family Papers, 1838/2001"],"text":["Heatwole Family Papers, 1838/2001","SC 0252","/repositories/4/resources/431","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Virginia -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Schools -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Shoemakers","Real estate business -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 19th century","Real estate business -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 20th century","World War, 1914-1918","Letters (correspondence)","Financial Records","Promissory notes","Receipts (financial records)","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Newspaper clippings","Diaries","Personal papers","Printed Ephemera","Postcards","Christmas cards","Account books","Family papers","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Various trinkets and objects, many presumably related to Leonard Heatwole's service during WWI, were included in the initial donation, but were ultimately returned to the donor due to limited research value.","The collection is arranged in five series. Series 1 is arranged into sub-series by type and further arranged chronologically. Series 2, 3, and 5 are arranged chronologically. Series 4 is arranged in the same groupings in which that type of material was received.","Correspondence, 1891-1939\n      Financial Files, 1848-1951\n      Personal Papers, 1838-1969\n      Photographs, 1877-1965\n      Genealogy and Research Files, 1901-2001","Brunk, Harry Anthony. David Heatwole and His Descendants. Harrisonburg, Va.: Park View Press, 1987.","\"Former County Daughter Dies in Cutbank Mon.\" Daily News-Record, August 24, 1918.","Heatwole, Cornelius J. History of the Heatwole Family from the Beginning of the Seventeenth Century to the Present Time. New York, 1907.","\"The Land Assessors.\" Daily News-Record, December 29, 1899.","Obituary for Leonard Heatwole, Daily News-Record, September 23, 1969.","The Schoolma'am, 1912. Harrisonburg (Va.): State Normal and Industrial School for Women.","The Virginia Heatwoles represented in this collection descended from David Heatwole (1767-1845) who was the eldest son of Johann Mathias Heatwole (1711-1776). David Heatwole, with his wife Magdalene and young family in tow, left Pennsylvania in the late-eighteenth century and settled near Harrisonburg, Virginia.","Heatwole family members documented in this collection are fourth and fifth generation descendants of David Heatwole and include Daniel Franklin \"D. F.\" Heatwole (1854-1922) and Sarah \"Sallie\" Margaret Lineweaver Heatwole (1857-1939) and their children Leonard Charles Heatwole (1891-1969), Daniel Rufus Heatwole (1894-1957), Alvin Bruer Heatwole (1888-1983), Elmer David Heatwole (1885-1964), and Ella Catherine Heatwole Jacobson (1883-1918).","Daniel F. Heatwole was an older brother of Cornelius Jacob Heatwole (1868-1939), who was appointed the Head of the Department of Education at the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg. In 1893, Daniel F. Heatwole was appointed postmaster to Sparkling Springs in Rockingham County and in 1899, he was appointed by Judge Grattan to land assessor of the Linville District. He otherwise occupied himself with agricultural pursuits as a farmer.","Ella Heatwole Jacobson graduated from the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg in 1912 with a professional degree. While a student, Ella was a member of the Lee Literary Society and also served as chairwoman of the YWCA's bible study committee. Prior to marrying Anton Nikolai Jacobson on February 7, 1917 and moving to Cutbank, Montana, where her brother Elmer was also a resident, Ella taught school in Rockingham County, Virginia and was a member of the Singers Glen Baptist Church. She died August 21, 1918 in Montana from a complication of diseases. Her body was returned to Virginia in the company of her parents and her brother Elmer. She is buried at Cooks Creek Presbyterian Church Cemetery.","David F. Lineweaver, Sallie Heatwole's father, is also well-documented in this collection. Daniel F. Heatwole, Sallie's husband, acted as the administrator of Lineweaver's estate.","Leonard Heatwole married Nora Ellen Trumbo Heatwole (1894-1987) on June 18, 1925. Leonard served with the American Expeditionary Forces in France during WWI and was the registrar of the Mt. Clinton precinct for 35 years prior to retiring in 1967. Nora was born January 29, 1894 to John Riddle Trumbo and Sarah Fulk Trumbo of Fulks Run, Virginia. The collection descended through this line of the Heatwole family via Leonard and Nora's daughter Madeline Ann Heatwole Stewart (1926-2012) and her husband Donald William Stewart (b. 1920).","A full genealogy of the Heatwole family can be found in Harry Anthony Brunk's David Heatwole and His Descendants (1987). A thorough genealogical study of the Trumbo family is available in \nConrad Feltner's The Trumbo Family (1974).","The collection was donated with basic groupings applied to materials (e.g. Trumbo family photographs were grouped together, Ella Heatwole Jacobson materials were grouped together, all postcards were grouped together regardless of recipient). The collection included several full newspaper issues that were collected for family obituaries. Those obituaries were photocopied and the original newspapers discarded. Other miscellaneous non-local newspapers were discarded.","The Heatwole Family Papers, 1838-2001, document descendants of David Heatwole (1767-1842) who moved to Rockingham County, Virginia from Pennsylvania in the late-eighteenth century. The collection documents the Heatwoles of Mt. Clinton and Dale Enterprise as well as the Trumbos of Fulks Run. Materials include correspondence, financial records, account books and ledgers, personal papers, photographs, recipes, and ephemera. The collection also documents branches of the Lineweaver, Fawley, Ritchie, and Bliss families.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1891-1939, is comprised primarily of postcards, Christmas cards, and general correspondence sent to and between Heatwole family members. The correspondence is arranged primarily by recipient, but in cases where the recipient is unknown (e.g. non-specific salutations and greetings or lack of return address), the correspondence is filed by author.","Given that the bulk of this series is comprised of postcards and Christmas cards, the correspondence is generally chatty and newsy in tone. The contents often relates to family and community news and also includes sentiments of longing for correspondence in return. The postcards themselves portray local and national places of interest (and in some cases international places) as well as holiday imagery. General correspondence is more substantive and includes letters written by Leonard Heatwole to family members while he was serving in WWI.","Daniel F. Heatwole correspondence includes a draft letter to the Honorable Charles Triplett O'Ferrall regarding O'Ferrall's petition to change mail arrangements and an October 5, 1908 letter from Cornelius Heatwole in which \"Corney\" alerts Daniel that \"I made my will before leaving Virginia, and in it, named you as my executor without consulting you about it.\" A letter from an unknown correspondent is included in which the author furnishes Daniel Heatwole with \"some traditional history of our beautiful valley not generally known to the present generation.\"","A folder of correspondence related to Trumbo family genealogy is located in Series 5.","Series 2: Financial Files, 1848-1951, documents the financial dealings of various members of the Heatwole and Lineweaver families. Materials include promissory notes, deeds, tax and general receipts, account books, and checkbook stubs.","The account books and ledgers primarily document David F. Lineweaver and Daniel F. Heatwole's personal and business accounts. An unattributed shoemaker's account book is also included and documents the shoes made and repaired for specific individuals. Names of customers include D. B. Armentrout, B. B. Miller, William Henkle, Tomas H. Showalter, and Jonathan Wampler. David Heatwole (1767-1842), who was the first-born son of Johann Mathias Heatwole (ancestor of the Virginia Heatwole line), learned the shoemaking trade from his uncle Christian Hess of Cootes Store. He went on to construct his own shoemaker's shop near Harrisonburg. While the aforementioned shoemaker's account book post-dates David Heatwole, it is not unlikely that one of his descendants would have also picked up the trade.","Of particular interest are three folders of Transfers of Real Estate for the Central District of Rockingham County, 1884-1909. These transfers do not document the Heatwole family explicitly so it seems likely that a member of the family, perhaps D. F. Heatwole, was acting in some official capacity to facilitate the real estate transfers. These documents describe the two parties involved in the real estate transfer and a brief description of the tract of land with a monetary valuation. D. H. Lee Martz served as the Rockingham County Clerk during this time period. Additionally, materials related to the sale of Heatwole family land adjacent to the Mt. Clinton School to the Rockingham County School Board is included.","Series 3: Personal Papers, 1838-1969, contains legal documents, ephemera, recipes, a diary, school materials related to the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg, and military records primarily created and collected by select Heatwole family members.","Ella Heatwole Jacobson's papers include a large selection of play bills for dramatic on-campus productions and other ephemera from her time as a student at the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg. Event invitations and a membership invitation to join the Lee Literary Society is also included. A daily schedule, program card, report card, diploma, and 1914 diary are also included. Ella's papers also contain a map and other material related to her time living in Montana.","Daniel F. Heatwole's papers are comprised of his 1893 appointment to postmaster at Sparkling Springs in Rockingham County and a published pamphlet of instructions to land assessors dated 1914.","Leonard Heatwole's papers include documents, blank postcards, and ephemera from his military service abroad during WWI. Some material is in French and German. Published material includes a Carte Taride, No. 2 of France, Speake French: A Book for the Soldiers, The Dauphiné Leave Area: A Historical and Geographical Sketch, and The Soldiers' French Phrase Book.","A ciphering book belonging to a Mary Homan is included. The book includes examples and rules related to liquid and dry measurements and currency. Geographical terms are also defined. Homan's relationship to the Heatwoles is unclear.","Of particular interest is David F. Lineweaver's 1861 medical exemption from serving during the American Civil War.","Unattributed materials include miscellaneous ephemera, undated recipes and newspaper clippings, and an undated and handwritten constitution and by-laws of farmers.","Series 4: Photographs, 1877-1965, primarily documents the Heatwole family of Mt. Clinton and the Trumbo and Fawley families of Fulks Run. The photographs are largely black-and-white with many of the subjects' identities inscribed on the backs of the photos. A selection of real photo postcards are also contained in this series.","The Trumbo family photographs comprise the bulk of the series. They are more candid in nature and depict groups of people and landscape. Brocks Gap and Chimney Rock are prominently featured as is the John Riddle Trumbo homestead. In addition to the Trumbos and Fawleys, the Byrd, Bliss, and Ritchie families are represented in these photographs. Persons depicted include Leonard and Nora Trumbo Heatwole (with her horse Queen), Sarah Ann Fulk Trumbo, Rebecca Fawley, Wayne Fawley, Madeline Heatwole, and John Riddle Trumbo.","The Heatwole family photographs are almost exclusively portraits with a few group and candid photographs. Persons depicted include Ella Heatwole Jacobson (including a copper plate on a wood block), A. B. Heatwole Jr., and Beverly Heatwole Smith.","A small selection of photographs and photocopied photographs is contained within Series 5.","Series 5: Genealogy and Research Files, 1901-2001, is comprised primarily of genealogical materials related to the Heatwoles as well as the Trumbos and Lineweavers. Correspondence between Madeline Heatwole Stewart of Winchester and Alva Trumbo Wood of Harrisonburg documents the Trumbo family tree and includes original and facsimiled photographs. A research file on the West Central School and Mt. Clinton School includes early photographs, newspaper clippings, and anniversary programs related to the schools.","A copy of the Catalogue of the Officers and Students of West Central Academy, Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Eleventh Session, 1901-1902. With Announcements for 1902-3. (1902); Circular of Instructions to Assessors and Assistant Assessors of Land (1914); several ladies' magazines (1842-1858), and two issues of local newspapers (Harrisonburg Daily News and The Rockingham Register) have been removed from the collection and catalogued separately as part of Special Collections rare book collection. A large collection of published books, primarily juvenile literature and educational primers, have also been cataloged separately and added to the Special Collections rare book collection.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Heatwole Family Papers, 1838-2001, document descendants of David Heatwole (1767-1842). The collection documents the Virginia Heatwoles, specifically those of Mt. Clinton and Dale Enterprise, as well as the Trumbos of Fulks Run. Materials include correspondence, financial records, personal papers, photographs, and ephemera.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.)","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students -- Social life and customs","Lee Literary Society","Heatwole family","Trumbo family","Heatwole family -- Correspondence","Stewart, Donald W.","Heatwole, David, 1767-1842","English, French, German"],"collection_title_tesim":["Heatwole Family Papers, 1838/2001"],"collection_ssim":["Heatwole Family Papers, 1838/2001"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0252","/repositories/4/resources/431"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0252","/repositories/4/resources/431"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Virginia -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Virginia -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Virginia -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Heatwole family","Stewart, Donald W."],"creator_ssim":["Heatwole family","Stewart, Donald W."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Stewart, Donald W.","Heatwole, David, 1767-1842"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.)","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students -- Social life and customs","Lee Literary Society"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Heatwole family","Trumbo family","Heatwole family -- Correspondence"],"creators_ssim":["Stewart, Donald W.","Heatwole, David, 1767-1842","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.)","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students -- Social life and customs","Lee Literary Society","Heatwole family","Trumbo family","Heatwole family -- Correspondence"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Heatwole family descendant Donald W. Stewart in June 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Schools -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Shoemakers","Real estate business -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 19th century","Real estate business -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 20th century","World War, 1914-1918","Letters (correspondence)","Financial Records","Promissory notes","Receipts (financial records)","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Newspaper clippings","Diaries","Personal papers","Printed Ephemera","Postcards","Christmas cards","Account books","Family papers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Schools -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Shoemakers","Real estate business -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 19th century","Real estate business -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- 20th century","World War, 1914-1918","Letters (correspondence)","Financial Records","Promissory notes","Receipts (financial records)","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Newspaper clippings","Diaries","Personal papers","Printed Ephemera","Postcards","Christmas cards","Account books","Family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.39 cubic feet 6 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.39 cubic feet 6 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Financial Records","Promissory notes","Receipts (financial records)","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Newspaper clippings","Diaries","Personal papers","Printed Ephemera","Postcards","Christmas cards","Account books","Family papers"],"date_range_isim":[1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restriction"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVarious trinkets and objects, many presumably related to Leonard Heatwole's service during WWI, were included in the initial donation, but were ultimately returned to the donor due to limited research value.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal Note"],"appraisal_tesim":["Various trinkets and objects, many presumably related to Leonard Heatwole's service during WWI, were included in the initial donation, but were ultimately returned to the donor due to limited research value."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in five series. Series 1 is arranged into sub-series by type and further arranged chronologically. Series 2, 3, and 5 are arranged chronologically. Series 4 is arranged in the same groupings in which that type of material was received.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1891-1939\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFinancial Files, 1848-1951\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePersonal Papers, 1838-1969\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhotographs, 1877-1965\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGenealogy and Research Files, 1901-2001\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in five series. Series 1 is arranged into sub-series by type and further arranged chronologically. Series 2, 3, and 5 are arranged chronologically. Series 4 is arranged in the same groupings in which that type of material was received.","Correspondence, 1891-1939\n      Financial Files, 1848-1951\n      Personal Papers, 1838-1969\n      Photographs, 1877-1965\n      Genealogy and Research Files, 1901-2001"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eBrunk, Harry Anthony. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDavid Heatwole and His Descendants\u003c/emph\u003e. Harrisonburg, Va.: Park View Press, 1987.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Former County Daughter Dies in Cutbank Mon.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, August 24, 1918.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eHeatwole, Cornelius J. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of the Heatwole Family from the Beginning of the Seventeenth Century to the Present Time\u003c/emph\u003e. New York, 1907.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"The Land Assessors.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, December 29, 1899.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eObituary for Leonard Heatwole, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e, September 23, 1969.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Schoolma'am\u003c/emph\u003e, 1912. Harrisonburg (Va.): State Normal and Industrial School for Women.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Brunk, Harry Anthony. David Heatwole and His Descendants. Harrisonburg, Va.: Park View Press, 1987.","\"Former County Daughter Dies in Cutbank Mon.\" Daily News-Record, August 24, 1918.","Heatwole, Cornelius J. History of the Heatwole Family from the Beginning of the Seventeenth Century to the Present Time. New York, 1907.","\"The Land Assessors.\" Daily News-Record, December 29, 1899.","Obituary for Leonard Heatwole, Daily News-Record, September 23, 1969.","The Schoolma'am, 1912. Harrisonburg (Va.): State Normal and Industrial School for Women."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Heatwoles represented in this collection descended from David Heatwole (1767-1845) who was the eldest son of Johann Mathias Heatwole (1711-1776). David Heatwole, with his wife Magdalene and young family in tow, left Pennsylvania in the late-eighteenth century and settled near Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHeatwole family members documented in this collection are fourth and fifth generation descendants of David Heatwole and include Daniel Franklin \"D. F.\" Heatwole (1854-1922) and Sarah \"Sallie\" Margaret Lineweaver Heatwole (1857-1939) and their children Leonard Charles Heatwole (1891-1969), Daniel Rufus Heatwole (1894-1957), Alvin Bruer Heatwole (1888-1983), Elmer David Heatwole (1885-1964), and Ella Catherine Heatwole Jacobson (1883-1918).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel F. Heatwole was an older brother of Cornelius Jacob Heatwole (1868-1939), who was appointed the Head of the Department of Education at the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg. In 1893, Daniel F. Heatwole was appointed postmaster to Sparkling Springs in Rockingham County and in 1899, he was appointed by Judge Grattan to land assessor of the Linville District. He otherwise occupied himself with agricultural pursuits as a farmer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElla Heatwole Jacobson graduated from the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg in 1912 with a professional degree. While a student, Ella was a member of the Lee Literary Society and also served as chairwoman of the YWCA's bible study committee. Prior to marrying Anton Nikolai Jacobson on February 7, 1917 and moving to Cutbank, Montana, where her brother Elmer was also a resident, Ella taught school in Rockingham County, Virginia and was a member of the Singers Glen Baptist Church. She died August 21, 1918 in Montana from a complication of diseases. Her body was returned to Virginia in the company of her parents and her brother Elmer. She is buried at Cooks Creek Presbyterian Church Cemetery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavid F. Lineweaver, Sallie Heatwole's father, is also well-documented in this collection. Daniel F. Heatwole, Sallie's husband, acted as the administrator of Lineweaver's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeonard Heatwole married Nora Ellen Trumbo Heatwole (1894-1987) on June 18, 1925. Leonard served with the American Expeditionary Forces in France during WWI and was the registrar of the Mt. Clinton precinct for 35 years prior to retiring in 1967. Nora was born January 29, 1894 to John Riddle Trumbo and Sarah Fulk Trumbo of Fulks Run, Virginia. The collection descended through this line of the Heatwole family via Leonard and Nora's daughter Madeline Ann Heatwole Stewart (1926-2012) and her husband Donald William Stewart (b. 1920).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA full genealogy of the Heatwole family can be found in Harry Anthony Brunk's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDavid Heatwole and His Descendants\u003c/emph\u003e (1987). A thorough genealogical study of the Trumbo family is available in \nConrad Feltner's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Trumbo Family\u003c/emph\u003e (1974).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Virginia Heatwoles represented in this collection descended from David Heatwole (1767-1845) who was the eldest son of Johann Mathias Heatwole (1711-1776). David Heatwole, with his wife Magdalene and young family in tow, left Pennsylvania in the late-eighteenth century and settled near Harrisonburg, Virginia.","Heatwole family members documented in this collection are fourth and fifth generation descendants of David Heatwole and include Daniel Franklin \"D. F.\" Heatwole (1854-1922) and Sarah \"Sallie\" Margaret Lineweaver Heatwole (1857-1939) and their children Leonard Charles Heatwole (1891-1969), Daniel Rufus Heatwole (1894-1957), Alvin Bruer Heatwole (1888-1983), Elmer David Heatwole (1885-1964), and Ella Catherine Heatwole Jacobson (1883-1918).","Daniel F. Heatwole was an older brother of Cornelius Jacob Heatwole (1868-1939), who was appointed the Head of the Department of Education at the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg. In 1893, Daniel F. Heatwole was appointed postmaster to Sparkling Springs in Rockingham County and in 1899, he was appointed by Judge Grattan to land assessor of the Linville District. He otherwise occupied himself with agricultural pursuits as a farmer.","Ella Heatwole Jacobson graduated from the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg in 1912 with a professional degree. While a student, Ella was a member of the Lee Literary Society and also served as chairwoman of the YWCA's bible study committee. Prior to marrying Anton Nikolai Jacobson on February 7, 1917 and moving to Cutbank, Montana, where her brother Elmer was also a resident, Ella taught school in Rockingham County, Virginia and was a member of the Singers Glen Baptist Church. She died August 21, 1918 in Montana from a complication of diseases. Her body was returned to Virginia in the company of her parents and her brother Elmer. She is buried at Cooks Creek Presbyterian Church Cemetery.","David F. Lineweaver, Sallie Heatwole's father, is also well-documented in this collection. Daniel F. Heatwole, Sallie's husband, acted as the administrator of Lineweaver's estate.","Leonard Heatwole married Nora Ellen Trumbo Heatwole (1894-1987) on June 18, 1925. Leonard served with the American Expeditionary Forces in France during WWI and was the registrar of the Mt. Clinton precinct for 35 years prior to retiring in 1967. Nora was born January 29, 1894 to John Riddle Trumbo and Sarah Fulk Trumbo of Fulks Run, Virginia. The collection descended through this line of the Heatwole family via Leonard and Nora's daughter Madeline Ann Heatwole Stewart (1926-2012) and her husband Donald William Stewart (b. 1920).","A full genealogy of the Heatwole family can be found in Harry Anthony Brunk's David Heatwole and His Descendants (1987). A thorough genealogical study of the Trumbo family is available in \nConrad Feltner's The Trumbo Family (1974)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Heatwole Family Papers, 1838-2001, SC 0252, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Heatwole Family Papers, 1838-2001, SC 0252, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was donated with basic groupings applied to materials (e.g. Trumbo family photographs were grouped together, Ella Heatwole Jacobson materials were grouped together, all postcards were grouped together regardless of recipient). The collection included several full newspaper issues that were collected for family obituaries. Those obituaries were photocopied and the original newspapers discarded. Other miscellaneous non-local newspapers were discarded.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was donated with basic groupings applied to materials (e.g. Trumbo family photographs were grouped together, Ella Heatwole Jacobson materials were grouped together, all postcards were grouped together regardless of recipient). The collection included several full newspaper issues that were collected for family obituaries. Those obituaries were photocopied and the original newspapers discarded. Other miscellaneous non-local newspapers were discarded."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Heatwole Family Papers, 1838-2001, document descendants of David Heatwole (1767-1842) who moved to Rockingham County, Virginia from Pennsylvania in the late-eighteenth century. The collection documents the Heatwoles of Mt. Clinton and Dale Enterprise as well as the Trumbos of Fulks Run. Materials include correspondence, financial records, account books and ledgers, personal papers, photographs, recipes, and ephemera. The collection also documents branches of the Lineweaver, Fawley, Ritchie, and Bliss families.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1891-1939, is comprised primarily of postcards, Christmas cards, and general correspondence sent to and between Heatwole family members. The correspondence is arranged primarily by recipient, but in cases where the recipient is unknown (e.g. non-specific salutations and greetings or lack of return address), the correspondence is filed by author.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGiven that the bulk of this series is comprised of postcards and Christmas cards, the correspondence is generally chatty and newsy in tone. The contents often relates to family and community news and also includes sentiments of longing for correspondence in return. The postcards themselves portray local and national places of interest (and in some cases international places) as well as holiday imagery. General correspondence is more substantive and includes letters written by Leonard Heatwole to family members while he was serving in WWI.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel F. Heatwole correspondence includes a draft letter to the Honorable Charles Triplett O'Ferrall regarding O'Ferrall's petition to change mail arrangements and an October 5, 1908 letter from Cornelius Heatwole in which \"Corney\" alerts Daniel that \"I made my will before leaving Virginia, and in it, named you as my executor without consulting you about it.\" A letter from an unknown correspondent is included in which the author furnishes Daniel Heatwole with \"some traditional history of our beautiful valley not generally known to the present generation.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA folder of correspondence related to Trumbo family genealogy is located in Series 5.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Financial Files, 1848-1951, documents the financial dealings of various members of the Heatwole and Lineweaver families. Materials include promissory notes, deeds, tax and general receipts, account books, and checkbook stubs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe account books and ledgers primarily document David F. Lineweaver and Daniel F. Heatwole's personal and business accounts. An unattributed shoemaker's account book is also included and documents the shoes made and repaired for specific individuals. Names of customers include D. B. Armentrout, B. B. Miller, William Henkle, Tomas H. Showalter, and Jonathan Wampler. David Heatwole (1767-1842), who was the first-born son of Johann Mathias Heatwole (ancestor of the Virginia Heatwole line), learned the shoemaking trade from his uncle Christian Hess of Cootes Store. He went on to construct his own shoemaker's shop near Harrisonburg. While the aforementioned shoemaker's account book post-dates David Heatwole, it is not unlikely that one of his descendants would have also picked up the trade.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf particular interest are three folders of Transfers of Real Estate for the Central District of Rockingham County, 1884-1909. These transfers do not document the Heatwole family explicitly so it seems likely that a member of the family, perhaps D. F. Heatwole, was acting in some official capacity to facilitate the real estate transfers. These documents describe the two parties involved in the real estate transfer and a brief description of the tract of land with a monetary valuation. D. H. Lee Martz served as the Rockingham County Clerk during this time period. Additionally, materials related to the sale of Heatwole family land adjacent to the Mt. Clinton School to the Rockingham County School Board is included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Personal Papers, 1838-1969, contains legal documents, ephemera, recipes, a diary, school materials related to the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg, and military records primarily created and collected by select Heatwole family members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElla Heatwole Jacobson's papers include a large selection of play bills for dramatic on-campus productions and other ephemera from her time as a student at the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg. Event invitations and a membership invitation to join the Lee Literary Society is also included. A daily schedule, program card, report card, diploma, and 1914 diary are also included. Ella's papers also contain a map and other material related to her time living in Montana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel F. Heatwole's papers are comprised of his 1893 appointment to postmaster at Sparkling Springs in Rockingham County and a published pamphlet of instructions to land assessors dated 1914.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeonard Heatwole's papers include documents, blank postcards, and ephemera from his military service abroad during WWI. Some material is in French and German. Published material includes a \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCarte Taride, No. 2\u003c/emph\u003e of France, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSpeake French: A Book for the Soldiers\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Dauphiné Leave Area: A Historical and Geographical Sketch\u003c/emph\u003e, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Soldiers' French Phrase Book\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA ciphering book belonging to a Mary Homan is included. The book includes examples and rules related to liquid and dry measurements and currency. Geographical terms are also defined. Homan's relationship to the Heatwoles is unclear.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf particular interest is David F. Lineweaver's 1861 medical exemption from serving during the American Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnattributed materials include miscellaneous ephemera, undated recipes and newspaper clippings, and an undated and handwritten constitution and by-laws of farmers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Photographs, 1877-1965, primarily documents the Heatwole family of Mt. Clinton and the Trumbo and Fawley families of Fulks Run. The photographs are largely black-and-white with many of the subjects' identities inscribed on the backs of the photos. A selection of real photo postcards are also contained in this series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Trumbo family photographs comprise the bulk of the series. They are more candid in nature and depict groups of people and landscape. Brocks Gap and Chimney Rock are prominently featured as is the John Riddle Trumbo homestead. In addition to the Trumbos and Fawleys, the Byrd, Bliss, and Ritchie families are represented in these photographs. Persons depicted include Leonard and Nora Trumbo Heatwole (with her horse Queen), Sarah Ann Fulk Trumbo, Rebecca Fawley, Wayne Fawley, Madeline Heatwole, and John Riddle Trumbo.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Heatwole family photographs are almost exclusively portraits with a few group and candid photographs. Persons depicted include Ella Heatwole Jacobson (including a copper plate on a wood block), A. B. Heatwole Jr., and Beverly Heatwole Smith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA small selection of photographs and photocopied photographs is contained within Series 5.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Genealogy and Research Files, 1901-2001, is comprised primarily of genealogical materials related to the Heatwoles as well as the Trumbos and Lineweavers. Correspondence between Madeline Heatwole Stewart of Winchester and Alva Trumbo Wood of Harrisonburg documents the Trumbo family tree and includes original and facsimiled photographs. A research file on the West Central School and Mt. Clinton School includes early photographs, newspaper clippings, and anniversary programs related to the schools.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Heatwole Family Papers, 1838-2001, document descendants of David Heatwole (1767-1842) who moved to Rockingham County, Virginia from Pennsylvania in the late-eighteenth century. The collection documents the Heatwoles of Mt. Clinton and Dale Enterprise as well as the Trumbos of Fulks Run. Materials include correspondence, financial records, account books and ledgers, personal papers, photographs, recipes, and ephemera. The collection also documents branches of the Lineweaver, Fawley, Ritchie, and Bliss families.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1891-1939, is comprised primarily of postcards, Christmas cards, and general correspondence sent to and between Heatwole family members. The correspondence is arranged primarily by recipient, but in cases where the recipient is unknown (e.g. non-specific salutations and greetings or lack of return address), the correspondence is filed by author.","Given that the bulk of this series is comprised of postcards and Christmas cards, the correspondence is generally chatty and newsy in tone. The contents often relates to family and community news and also includes sentiments of longing for correspondence in return. The postcards themselves portray local and national places of interest (and in some cases international places) as well as holiday imagery. General correspondence is more substantive and includes letters written by Leonard Heatwole to family members while he was serving in WWI.","Daniel F. Heatwole correspondence includes a draft letter to the Honorable Charles Triplett O'Ferrall regarding O'Ferrall's petition to change mail arrangements and an October 5, 1908 letter from Cornelius Heatwole in which \"Corney\" alerts Daniel that \"I made my will before leaving Virginia, and in it, named you as my executor without consulting you about it.\" A letter from an unknown correspondent is included in which the author furnishes Daniel Heatwole with \"some traditional history of our beautiful valley not generally known to the present generation.\"","A folder of correspondence related to Trumbo family genealogy is located in Series 5.","Series 2: Financial Files, 1848-1951, documents the financial dealings of various members of the Heatwole and Lineweaver families. Materials include promissory notes, deeds, tax and general receipts, account books, and checkbook stubs.","The account books and ledgers primarily document David F. Lineweaver and Daniel F. Heatwole's personal and business accounts. An unattributed shoemaker's account book is also included and documents the shoes made and repaired for specific individuals. Names of customers include D. B. Armentrout, B. B. Miller, William Henkle, Tomas H. Showalter, and Jonathan Wampler. David Heatwole (1767-1842), who was the first-born son of Johann Mathias Heatwole (ancestor of the Virginia Heatwole line), learned the shoemaking trade from his uncle Christian Hess of Cootes Store. He went on to construct his own shoemaker's shop near Harrisonburg. While the aforementioned shoemaker's account book post-dates David Heatwole, it is not unlikely that one of his descendants would have also picked up the trade.","Of particular interest are three folders of Transfers of Real Estate for the Central District of Rockingham County, 1884-1909. These transfers do not document the Heatwole family explicitly so it seems likely that a member of the family, perhaps D. F. Heatwole, was acting in some official capacity to facilitate the real estate transfers. These documents describe the two parties involved in the real estate transfer and a brief description of the tract of land with a monetary valuation. D. H. Lee Martz served as the Rockingham County Clerk during this time period. Additionally, materials related to the sale of Heatwole family land adjacent to the Mt. Clinton School to the Rockingham County School Board is included.","Series 3: Personal Papers, 1838-1969, contains legal documents, ephemera, recipes, a diary, school materials related to the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg, and military records primarily created and collected by select Heatwole family members.","Ella Heatwole Jacobson's papers include a large selection of play bills for dramatic on-campus productions and other ephemera from her time as a student at the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Harrisonburg. Event invitations and a membership invitation to join the Lee Literary Society is also included. A daily schedule, program card, report card, diploma, and 1914 diary are also included. Ella's papers also contain a map and other material related to her time living in Montana.","Daniel F. Heatwole's papers are comprised of his 1893 appointment to postmaster at Sparkling Springs in Rockingham County and a published pamphlet of instructions to land assessors dated 1914.","Leonard Heatwole's papers include documents, blank postcards, and ephemera from his military service abroad during WWI. Some material is in French and German. Published material includes a Carte Taride, No. 2 of France, Speake French: A Book for the Soldiers, The Dauphiné Leave Area: A Historical and Geographical Sketch, and The Soldiers' French Phrase Book.","A ciphering book belonging to a Mary Homan is included. The book includes examples and rules related to liquid and dry measurements and currency. Geographical terms are also defined. Homan's relationship to the Heatwoles is unclear.","Of particular interest is David F. Lineweaver's 1861 medical exemption from serving during the American Civil War.","Unattributed materials include miscellaneous ephemera, undated recipes and newspaper clippings, and an undated and handwritten constitution and by-laws of farmers.","Series 4: Photographs, 1877-1965, primarily documents the Heatwole family of Mt. Clinton and the Trumbo and Fawley families of Fulks Run. The photographs are largely black-and-white with many of the subjects' identities inscribed on the backs of the photos. A selection of real photo postcards are also contained in this series.","The Trumbo family photographs comprise the bulk of the series. They are more candid in nature and depict groups of people and landscape. Brocks Gap and Chimney Rock are prominently featured as is the John Riddle Trumbo homestead. In addition to the Trumbos and Fawleys, the Byrd, Bliss, and Ritchie families are represented in these photographs. Persons depicted include Leonard and Nora Trumbo Heatwole (with her horse Queen), Sarah Ann Fulk Trumbo, Rebecca Fawley, Wayne Fawley, Madeline Heatwole, and John Riddle Trumbo.","The Heatwole family photographs are almost exclusively portraits with a few group and candid photographs. Persons depicted include Ella Heatwole Jacobson (including a copper plate on a wood block), A. B. Heatwole Jr., and Beverly Heatwole Smith.","A small selection of photographs and photocopied photographs is contained within Series 5.","Series 5: Genealogy and Research Files, 1901-2001, is comprised primarily of genealogical materials related to the Heatwoles as well as the Trumbos and Lineweavers. Correspondence between Madeline Heatwole Stewart of Winchester and Alva Trumbo Wood of Harrisonburg documents the Trumbo family tree and includes original and facsimiled photographs. A research file on the West Central School and Mt. Clinton School includes early photographs, newspaper clippings, and anniversary programs related to the schools."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA copy of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCatalogue of the Officers and Students of West Central Academy, Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Eleventh Session, 1901-1902. With Announcements for 1902-3\u003c/emph\u003e. (1902); \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCircular of Instructions to Assessors and Assistant Assessors of Land\u003c/emph\u003e (1914); several ladies' magazines (1842-1858), and two issues of local newspapers (\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHarrisonburg Daily News\u003c/emph\u003e and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Rockingham Register\u003c/emph\u003e) have been removed from the collection and catalogued separately as part of Special Collections rare book collection. A large collection of published books, primarily juvenile literature and educational primers, have also been cataloged separately and added to the Special Collections rare book collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A copy of the Catalogue of the Officers and Students of West Central Academy, Mt. Clinton, Virginia. Eleventh Session, 1901-1902. With Announcements for 1902-3. (1902); Circular of Instructions to Assessors and Assistant Assessors of Land (1914); several ladies' magazines (1842-1858), and two issues of local newspapers (Harrisonburg Daily News and The Rockingham Register) have been removed from the collection and catalogued separately as part of Special Collections rare book collection. A large collection of published books, primarily juvenile literature and educational primers, have also been cataloged separately and added to the Special Collections rare book collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_84cb829f6d925ab2484bbc3c53aa9b80\"\u003eThe Heatwole Family Papers, 1838-2001, document descendants of David Heatwole (1767-1842). The collection documents the Virginia Heatwoles, specifically those of Mt. Clinton and Dale Enterprise, as well as the Trumbos of Fulks Run. Materials include correspondence, financial records, personal papers, photographs, and ephemera.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Heatwole Family Papers, 1838-2001, document descendants of David Heatwole (1767-1842). The collection documents the Virginia Heatwoles, specifically those of Mt. Clinton and Dale Enterprise, as well as the Trumbos of Fulks Run. Materials include correspondence, financial records, personal papers, photographs, and ephemera."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.)","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students -- Social life and customs","Lee Literary Society"],"names_coll_ssim":["State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.)","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students -- Social life and customs","Lee Literary Society","Trumbo family","Heatwole family -- Correspondence","Stewart, Donald W.","Heatwole, David, 1767-1842"],"famname_ssim":["Heatwole family","Trumbo family","Heatwole family -- Correspondence"],"persname_ssim":["Stewart, Donald W.","Heatwole, David, 1767-1842"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.)","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal and Industrial School for Women (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students -- Social life and customs","Lee Literary Society","Heatwole family","Trumbo family","Heatwole family -- Correspondence","Stewart, Donald W.","Heatwole, David, 1767-1842"],"language_ssim":["English, French, German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":73,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_431_c05_c03"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c01_c45","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wetlands, 1970/1972","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c01_c45#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c01_c45","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c01_c45"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c01_c45","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c01","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c01","parent_ssim":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005","Places and Policies, 1962/2001"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wetlands","title_ssm":["Wetlands"],"title_tesim":["Wetlands"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wetlands, 1970/1972"],"text":["Wetlands, 1970/1972","Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005","Places and Policies, 1962/2001","box 2","folder 20"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005","Places and Policies, 1962/2001"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005","Places and Policies, 1962/2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/1972"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970-1972"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":46,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005"],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 20"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#44","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_288.xml","title_ssm":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers"],"title_tesim":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1904-2005"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1904-2005"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1904/2005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005"],"text":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005","SC 0143","Saint Mary's Wilderness (Va.)","James River Face Wilderness Area (Va.)","Ramsey's Draft Wilderness (Va.)","Mountain Lake Wilderness Area (Va.)","Peters Mountain Wilderness Area (Va.)","Rich Hole Roadless Area (Va.)","George Washington National Forest (Va. and W. Va.)","Jefferson National Forest","Wilderness areas -- Virginia -- Management","Wilderness areas -- Law and legislation","Environmental protection -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Citizen participation","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Southern Region","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Virginia","Forest reserves -- Multiple use","Forest reserves -- Recreational use","Forest management","Wildlife management","Wildlife refuges -- United States -- Southern Region","Forest policy -- United States -- History","Forests and forestry -- History","Lobbying -- Law and legislation","Lobbyists -- United States","Wildlife conservationists -- Virginia","Maps (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","Proposals","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The front and back covers of the Dickerman wedding book are suffering from red rot. Overall, the book is particularly fragile and should be handled accordingly.","The collection is arranged in five series:","Places and Policies, 1962-2001\n      Correspondence and Personal Files, 1904-1999\n      Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969-2005\n      Maps, 1936-1991","\"Grandad of the Eastern Wilderness,\" Sierra Magazine, Nov/Dec, 1986.","Bolgiano, Chris. The Appalachian Forest, A Search for Roots and Renewal. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1998.","Murray, Elizabeth, ed. Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute. The Wilderness Society, 1999.","Ernest M. Dickerman was born December 22, 1910 to Judson Charles Dickerman (1873-1967) and Adela Miller Dickerman (1874-1920) in Austin, Illinois. His family moved to the Adirondacks in New York when Dickerman was three years old. When he was about six years old, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia where his mother died of tuberculosis when Dickerman was nine. Sometime later, the family moved to Roanoke. Dickerman attended Gettysburg Academy and Oberlin College (class of 1931). In 1934 he began working for the newly created Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in Knoxville, Tennessee. Immediately, he fell in love with the Great Smoky Mountains, met conservationist Harvey Broome, and became deeply involved in the battles to preserve the Great Smoky Mountains National Park from development. He was a 1936 charter member of The Wilderness Society and knew many of the greatest conservationists of the day, including Bob Marshall, Sigurd Olson, Olaus Murie, and Howard Zahniser.","After a few years at TVA, Dickerman took a job with a plastics molding firm (apparently called the Patent Button Co. of Tennessee), also in Knoxville. He retired from a position as production manager in 1966, and in 1969 moved to the headquarters office of The Wilderness Society in Washington, D.C. as a staff organizer. He traveled frequently to teach citizens how to identify, map, and build support for wilderness areas throughout the East and Midwest. He also lobbied Congress on numerous wilderness bills, wrestled with federal land managing agencies (Forest Service, National Park Service, Fish \u0026 Wildlife Service), and was highly instrumental in passage of the 1975 Eastern Wilderness Bill. During the 1960s Dickerman also served as manager for the Robert Marshall Wilderness Fund, as evidenced by a notebook of typed minutes from the first thirteen years of the Fund (established by the will of Robert Marshall), 1940-1953, in which are inserted several 1968 letters to and from Dickerman.","When he retired from The Wilderness Society in 1976 and moved to his nephew's newly acquired mountain farm near Buffalo Gap in Swoope, Augusta County, Virginia, he was almost immediately elected president of the Virginia Wilderness Committee. At that time he inherited the organization's files prior to 1976. The Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC) had been founded in Williamsburg at William \u0026 Mary College by a small group of private citizens in 1969 to promote the federal designation of wilderness in Virginia according to the 1964 Wilderness Act. The VWC also became involved in various other issues relevant to preservation of the natural landscape. VWC volunteers donate issues of the newsletter and occasional other VWC documents to keep these current in Dickerman's papers.","Although he held an official position in the VWC only until 1979, Dickerman was the guiding spirit in the movement for Virginia wilderness both before and long after those dates. He was widely renowned for his combination of optimism and canny strategizing, his politeness in dealing with adversaries, his sense of humor, wit, and wordsmithery. He died on July 31, 1998. In 1999, friends and colleagues produced a book of tributes titled Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 3085. The collection was minimally reprocessed in early 2018, at which time the finding aid to the Wilderness Society Papers at the Denver Public Library was removed and added to the collection control file. Accessions from 2018 and 2019, comprising primarily correspondence, were added to the collection in June 2022 at which time the finding aid was updated accordingly. Brittle newspapers and clippings with limited research value were discarded.","Wilderness Society Records, CoONS130, Conservation Collection, The Denver Pubilc Library.","Ernie Dickerman, interviewed by Dominic Pisciotta, 1994, Sd-Arch 6-3, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","The Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. These papers include correspondence, maps, field notes, reports, news clippings, wilderness proposals, minutes, financial statements, newsletters and other materials, 1940 - current, with most materials dating 1962-1999. The collection documents Dickerman's activities as a leader of the movement to designate wilderness areas on public lands in the eastern United States under the Wilderness Act of 1964 and the Eastern Wilderness Act of 1975. Operating papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee, a grass roots conservation group of which Dickerman served as president for several years, are also included.","Papers from Dickerman's early life include correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army. Select correspondence and papers from immediate Dickerman family members are also included.","Series 1: Places and Policies, 1962-2001, contains maps, reports, conference agendas, environmental assessments, congressional testimony, and some correspondence dealing with specific places, topical issues, and policies of public land agencies. The Laurel Fork, Virginia folders hold the largest body of materials; Laurel Fork was Dickerman's favorite place in Virginia, and he worked intensively (and successfully) against a proposed gas line through it.","Series 2: Correspopndence and Personal Files, 1904-1999, includes carbon copies of Dickerman's outgoing letters, original incoming letters, notebooks, texts for speeches, data sheets he composed about various issues, and other items. Select correspondence and V-mail was written by Dickerman to his father while Dickerman was serving in the U.S. Army in the United States, England, and France, etc. during World War II. Correspondence also dates to Dickerman's days as a student at Oberlin College as well as his post-War years. He frequently mentions the books he's reading and searching for employment after graduation. Letters exchanged between other Dickerman family memebrs are also included.","One folder contains personal Christmas messages, biographical articles, obituaries, and remembrances. Judson Dickerman and Adele Miller Dickerman's wedding book includes photographs, lists of wedding invitees, and gifts received. A folder of family photographs also includes photos of Charles M. Schwab and his wife Eurana Dinkey Schwab. Their connection to the Dickermans is unclear.","Series 3: Virginia Wilderness Committee, 1969-2005, includes operational documents including minutes, financial reports, newsletters, Virginia Wilderness coalition notes, the 1984 Virginia Wilderness Bill, and wilderness proposals.","Series 4: Maps, 1936-1991, contains 25 maps described at an item level in the container list.","With lines probably indicating proposed wilderness.","Overlay with proposed wilderness boundaries.","With attached information.","With attached information.","With attached information.","With attached information.","A duplicate copy of Elizabeth Murray's, ed. Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute (The Wilderness Society, 1999) was removed from the collection and added to the Special Collections rare book holdings. A copy is also retained in the collection.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. Correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army is included.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence","Schwab, Charles M., 1862-1939","Schwab, Emma Eurana Dinkey, 1883-1939","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005"],"collection_ssim":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0143"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0143"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Saint Mary's Wilderness (Va.)","James River Face Wilderness Area (Va.)","Ramsey's Draft Wilderness (Va.)","Mountain Lake Wilderness Area (Va.)","Peters Mountain Wilderness Area (Va.)","Rich Hole Roadless Area (Va.)","George Washington National Forest (Va. and W. Va.)","Jefferson National Forest"],"geogname_ssim":["Saint Mary's Wilderness (Va.)","James River Face Wilderness Area (Va.)","Ramsey's Draft Wilderness (Va.)","Mountain Lake Wilderness Area (Va.)","Peters Mountain Wilderness Area (Va.)","Rich Hole Roadless Area (Va.)","George Washington National Forest (Va. and W. Va.)","Jefferson National Forest"],"places_ssim":["Saint Mary's Wilderness (Va.)","James River Face Wilderness Area (Va.)","Ramsey's Draft Wilderness (Va.)","Mountain Lake Wilderness Area (Va.)","Peters Mountain Wilderness Area (Va.)","Rich Hole Roadless Area (Va.)","George Washington National Forest (Va. and W. Va.)","Jefferson National Forest"],"creator_ssm":["Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998"],"creator_ssim":["Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence","Schwab, Charles M., 1862-1939","Schwab, Emma Eurana Dinkey, 1883-1939"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter"],"creators_ssim":["Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence","Schwab, Charles M., 1862-1939","Schwab, Emma Eurana Dinkey, 1883-1939","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Ernest M. Dickerman in November 1994. After Dickerman's death in 1998, several additions of papers were donated by his nephew and executor, C. Robert \"Bob\" Dickerman. Eleanor Dickerman, Ernest's half-sister, also donated an addition in 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Wilderness areas -- Virginia -- Management","Wilderness areas -- Law and legislation","Environmental protection -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Citizen participation","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Southern Region","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Virginia","Forest reserves -- Multiple use","Forest reserves -- Recreational use","Forest management","Wildlife management","Wildlife refuges -- United States -- Southern Region","Forest policy -- United States -- History","Forests and forestry -- History","Lobbying -- Law and legislation","Lobbyists -- United States","Wildlife conservationists -- Virginia","Maps (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","Proposals"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Wilderness areas -- Virginia -- Management","Wilderness areas -- Law and legislation","Environmental protection -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Citizen participation","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Southern Region","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Virginia","Forest reserves -- Multiple use","Forest reserves -- Recreational use","Forest management","Wildlife management","Wildlife refuges -- United States -- Southern Region","Forest policy -- United States -- History","Forests and forestry -- History","Lobbying -- Law and legislation","Lobbyists -- United States","Wildlife conservationists -- Virginia","Maps (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","Proposals"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5.41 cubic feet 6 boxes, 1 rolled storage container, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["5.41 cubic feet 6 boxes, 1 rolled storage container, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Maps (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","Proposals"],"date_range_isim":[1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe front and back covers of the Dickerman wedding book are suffering from red rot. Overall, the book is particularly fragile and should be handled accordingly.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The front and back covers of the Dickerman wedding book are suffering from red rot. Overall, the book is particularly fragile and should be handled accordingly."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in five series:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePlaces and Policies, 1962-2001\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence and Personal Files, 1904-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eVirginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969-2005\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMaps, 1936-1991\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in five series:","Places and Policies, 1962-2001\n      Correspondence and Personal Files, 1904-1999\n      Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969-2005\n      Maps, 1936-1991"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\"Grandad of the Eastern Wilderness,\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSierra Magazine\u003c/emph\u003e, Nov/Dec, 1986.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eBolgiano, Chris. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Appalachian Forest, A Search for Roots and Renewal\u003c/emph\u003e. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1998. \u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eMurray, Elizabeth, ed. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eErnie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute\u003c/emph\u003e. The Wilderness Society, 1999.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Grandad of the Eastern Wilderness,\" Sierra Magazine, Nov/Dec, 1986.","Bolgiano, Chris. The Appalachian Forest, A Search for Roots and Renewal. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1998.","Murray, Elizabeth, ed. Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute. The Wilderness Society, 1999."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eErnest M. Dickerman was born December 22, 1910 to Judson Charles Dickerman (1873-1967) and Adela Miller Dickerman (1874-1920) in Austin, Illinois. His family moved to the Adirondacks in New York when Dickerman was three years old. When he was about six years old, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia where his mother died of tuberculosis when Dickerman was nine. Sometime later, the family moved to Roanoke. Dickerman attended Gettysburg Academy and Oberlin College (class of 1931). In 1934 he began working for the newly created Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in Knoxville, Tennessee. Immediately, he fell in love with the Great Smoky Mountains, met conservationist Harvey Broome, and became deeply involved in the battles to preserve the Great Smoky Mountains National Park from development. He was a 1936 charter member of The Wilderness Society and knew many of the greatest conservationists of the day, including Bob Marshall, Sigurd Olson, Olaus Murie, and Howard Zahniser.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter a few years at TVA, Dickerman took a job with a plastics molding firm (apparently called the Patent Button Co. of Tennessee), also in Knoxville. He retired from a position as production manager in 1966, and in 1969 moved to the headquarters office of The Wilderness Society in Washington, D.C. as a staff organizer. He traveled frequently to teach citizens how to identify, map, and build support for wilderness areas throughout the East and Midwest. He also lobbied Congress on numerous wilderness bills, wrestled with federal land managing agencies (Forest Service, National Park Service, Fish \u0026amp; Wildlife Service), and was highly instrumental in passage of the 1975 Eastern Wilderness Bill. During the 1960s Dickerman also served as manager for the Robert Marshall Wilderness Fund, as evidenced by a notebook of typed minutes from the first thirteen years of the Fund (established by the will of Robert Marshall), 1940-1953, in which are inserted several 1968 letters to and from Dickerman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen he retired from The Wilderness Society in 1976 and moved to his nephew's newly acquired mountain farm near Buffalo Gap in Swoope, Augusta County, Virginia, he was almost immediately elected president of the Virginia Wilderness Committee. At that time he inherited the organization's files prior to 1976. The Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC) had been founded in Williamsburg at William \u0026amp; Mary College by a small group of private citizens in 1969 to promote the federal designation of wilderness in Virginia according to the 1964 Wilderness Act. The VWC also became involved in various other issues relevant to preservation of the natural landscape. VWC volunteers donate issues of the newsletter and occasional other VWC documents to keep these current in Dickerman's papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough he held an official position in the VWC only until 1979, Dickerman was the guiding spirit in the movement for Virginia wilderness both before and long after those dates. He was widely renowned for his combination of optimism and canny strategizing, his politeness in dealing with adversaries, his sense of humor, wit, and wordsmithery. He died on July 31, 1998. In 1999, friends and colleagues produced a book of tributes titled \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eErnie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ernest M. Dickerman was born December 22, 1910 to Judson Charles Dickerman (1873-1967) and Adela Miller Dickerman (1874-1920) in Austin, Illinois. His family moved to the Adirondacks in New York when Dickerman was three years old. When he was about six years old, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia where his mother died of tuberculosis when Dickerman was nine. Sometime later, the family moved to Roanoke. Dickerman attended Gettysburg Academy and Oberlin College (class of 1931). In 1934 he began working for the newly created Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in Knoxville, Tennessee. Immediately, he fell in love with the Great Smoky Mountains, met conservationist Harvey Broome, and became deeply involved in the battles to preserve the Great Smoky Mountains National Park from development. He was a 1936 charter member of The Wilderness Society and knew many of the greatest conservationists of the day, including Bob Marshall, Sigurd Olson, Olaus Murie, and Howard Zahniser.","After a few years at TVA, Dickerman took a job with a plastics molding firm (apparently called the Patent Button Co. of Tennessee), also in Knoxville. He retired from a position as production manager in 1966, and in 1969 moved to the headquarters office of The Wilderness Society in Washington, D.C. as a staff organizer. He traveled frequently to teach citizens how to identify, map, and build support for wilderness areas throughout the East and Midwest. He also lobbied Congress on numerous wilderness bills, wrestled with federal land managing agencies (Forest Service, National Park Service, Fish \u0026 Wildlife Service), and was highly instrumental in passage of the 1975 Eastern Wilderness Bill. During the 1960s Dickerman also served as manager for the Robert Marshall Wilderness Fund, as evidenced by a notebook of typed minutes from the first thirteen years of the Fund (established by the will of Robert Marshall), 1940-1953, in which are inserted several 1968 letters to and from Dickerman.","When he retired from The Wilderness Society in 1976 and moved to his nephew's newly acquired mountain farm near Buffalo Gap in Swoope, Augusta County, Virginia, he was almost immediately elected president of the Virginia Wilderness Committee. At that time he inherited the organization's files prior to 1976. The Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC) had been founded in Williamsburg at William \u0026 Mary College by a small group of private citizens in 1969 to promote the federal designation of wilderness in Virginia according to the 1964 Wilderness Act. The VWC also became involved in various other issues relevant to preservation of the natural landscape. VWC volunteers donate issues of the newsletter and occasional other VWC documents to keep these current in Dickerman's papers.","Although he held an official position in the VWC only until 1979, Dickerman was the guiding spirit in the movement for Virginia wilderness both before and long after those dates. He was widely renowned for his combination of optimism and canny strategizing, his politeness in dealing with adversaries, his sense of humor, wit, and wordsmithery. He died on July 31, 1998. In 1999, friends and colleagues produced a book of tributes titled Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box # folder #], Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, SC 0143, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box # folder #], Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, SC 0143, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 3085.\u003c/emph\u003e The collection was minimally reprocessed in early 2018, at which time the finding aid to the Wilderness Society Papers at the Denver Public Library was removed and added to the collection control file. Accessions from 2018 and 2019, comprising primarily correspondence, were added to the collection in June 2022 at which time the finding aid was updated accordingly. Brittle newspapers and clippings with limited research value were discarded.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 3085. The collection was minimally reprocessed in early 2018, at which time the finding aid to the Wilderness Society Papers at the Denver Public Library was removed and added to the collection control file. Accessions from 2018 and 2019, comprising primarily correspondence, were added to the collection in June 2022 at which time the finding aid was updated accordingly. Brittle newspapers and clippings with limited research value were discarded."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilderness Society Records, CoONS130, Conservation Collection, The Denver Pubilc Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eErnie Dickerman, interviewed by Dominic Pisciotta, 1994, Sd-Arch 6-3, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Wilderness Society Records, CoONS130, Conservation Collection, The Denver Pubilc Library.","Ernie Dickerman, interviewed by Dominic Pisciotta, 1994, Sd-Arch 6-3, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. These papers include correspondence, maps, field notes, reports, news clippings, wilderness proposals, minutes, financial statements, newsletters and other materials, 1940 - current, with most materials dating 1962-1999. The collection documents Dickerman's activities as a leader of the movement to designate wilderness areas on public lands in the eastern United States under the Wilderness Act of 1964 and the Eastern Wilderness Act of 1975. Operating papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee, a grass roots conservation group of which Dickerman served as president for several years, are also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers from Dickerman's early life include correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army. Select correspondence and papers from immediate Dickerman family members are also included.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Places and Policies, 1962-2001, contains maps, reports, conference agendas, environmental assessments, congressional testimony, and some correspondence dealing with specific places, topical issues, and policies of public land agencies. The Laurel Fork, Virginia folders hold the largest body of materials; Laurel Fork was Dickerman's favorite place in Virginia, and he worked intensively (and successfully) against a proposed gas line through it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correspopndence and Personal Files, 1904-1999, includes carbon copies of Dickerman's outgoing letters, original incoming letters, notebooks, texts for speeches, data sheets he composed about various issues, and other items. Select correspondence and V-mail was written by Dickerman to his father while Dickerman was serving in the U.S. Army in the United States, England, and France, etc. during World War II. Correspondence also dates to Dickerman's days as a student at Oberlin College as well as his post-War years. He frequently mentions the books he's reading and searching for employment after graduation. Letters exchanged between other Dickerman family memebrs are also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne folder contains personal Christmas messages, biographical articles, obituaries, and remembrances. Judson Dickerman and Adele Miller Dickerman's wedding book includes photographs, lists of wedding invitees, and gifts received. A folder of family photographs also includes photos of Charles M. Schwab and his wife Eurana Dinkey Schwab. Their connection to the Dickermans is unclear.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Virginia Wilderness Committee, 1969-2005, includes operational documents including minutes, financial reports, newsletters, Virginia Wilderness coalition notes, the 1984 Virginia Wilderness Bill, and wilderness proposals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Maps, 1936-1991, contains 25 maps described at an item level in the container list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith lines probably indicating proposed wilderness.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOverlay with proposed wilderness boundaries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith attached information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith attached information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith attached information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith attached information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. These papers include correspondence, maps, field notes, reports, news clippings, wilderness proposals, minutes, financial statements, newsletters and other materials, 1940 - current, with most materials dating 1962-1999. The collection documents Dickerman's activities as a leader of the movement to designate wilderness areas on public lands in the eastern United States under the Wilderness Act of 1964 and the Eastern Wilderness Act of 1975. Operating papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee, a grass roots conservation group of which Dickerman served as president for several years, are also included.","Papers from Dickerman's early life include correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army. Select correspondence and papers from immediate Dickerman family members are also included.","Series 1: Places and Policies, 1962-2001, contains maps, reports, conference agendas, environmental assessments, congressional testimony, and some correspondence dealing with specific places, topical issues, and policies of public land agencies. The Laurel Fork, Virginia folders hold the largest body of materials; Laurel Fork was Dickerman's favorite place in Virginia, and he worked intensively (and successfully) against a proposed gas line through it.","Series 2: Correspopndence and Personal Files, 1904-1999, includes carbon copies of Dickerman's outgoing letters, original incoming letters, notebooks, texts for speeches, data sheets he composed about various issues, and other items. Select correspondence and V-mail was written by Dickerman to his father while Dickerman was serving in the U.S. Army in the United States, England, and France, etc. during World War II. Correspondence also dates to Dickerman's days as a student at Oberlin College as well as his post-War years. He frequently mentions the books he's reading and searching for employment after graduation. Letters exchanged between other Dickerman family memebrs are also included.","One folder contains personal Christmas messages, biographical articles, obituaries, and remembrances. Judson Dickerman and Adele Miller Dickerman's wedding book includes photographs, lists of wedding invitees, and gifts received. A folder of family photographs also includes photos of Charles M. Schwab and his wife Eurana Dinkey Schwab. Their connection to the Dickermans is unclear.","Series 3: Virginia Wilderness Committee, 1969-2005, includes operational documents including minutes, financial reports, newsletters, Virginia Wilderness coalition notes, the 1984 Virginia Wilderness Bill, and wilderness proposals.","Series 4: Maps, 1936-1991, contains 25 maps described at an item level in the container list.","With lines probably indicating proposed wilderness.","Overlay with proposed wilderness boundaries.","With attached information.","With attached information.","With attached information.","With attached information."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA duplicate copy of Elizabeth Murray's, ed. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eErnie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute\u003c/emph\u003e (The Wilderness Society, 1999) was removed from the collection and added to the Special Collections rare book holdings. A copy is also retained in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A duplicate copy of Elizabeth Murray's, ed. Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute (The Wilderness Society, 1999) was removed from the collection and added to the Special Collections rare book holdings. A copy is also retained in the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5b4566c87e7ff232a8bea389aa888ac7\"\u003eThe Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. Correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army is included.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. Correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army is included."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter"],"names_coll_ssim":["Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence"],"persname_ssim":["Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence","Schwab, Charles M., 1862-1939","Schwab, Emma Eurana Dinkey, 1883-1939"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence","Schwab, Charles M., 1862-1939","Schwab, Emma Eurana Dinkey, 1883-1939"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":127,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c01_c45"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_538_c02_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wetlands legislation, 1970/1972","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_538_c02_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_538_c02_c02","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_538_c02_c02"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_538_c02_c02","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_538","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_538","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_538_c02","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_538_c02","parent_ssim":["Virginia Wilderness Committee records, 1961/2009","Legislative Files, 1962/2009"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_538","vihart_repositories_4_resources_538_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wetlands legislation","title_ssm":["Wetlands legislation"],"title_tesim":["Wetlands legislation"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wetlands legislation, 1970/1972"],"text":["Wetlands legislation, 1970/1972","Virginia Wilderness Committee records, 1961/2009","Legislative Files, 1962/2009","box 1","folder 36"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Virginia Wilderness Committee records, 1961/2009","Legislative Files, 1962/2009"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Virginia Wilderness Committee records, 1961/2009","Legislative Files, 1962/2009"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/1972"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970-1972, undated"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":40,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Wilderness Committee records, 1961/2009"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 36"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. A USB drive containing 1,802 files in 127 folders (128 MB) is inaccessible pending migration. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The donor retains copyright for Virginia Wilderness Committee: Forty Years, Recollections in 2009 by Jim Murray, and Virginia Wilderness Bill 2000 until March 1, 2020. Otherwise, the copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:53.919Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_538","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_538","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_538","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_538","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_538.xml","title_ssm":["Virginia Wilderness Committee records"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Wilderness Committee records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1961-2009"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1961-2009"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1961/2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Wilderness Committee records, 1961/2009"],"text":["Virginia Wilderness Committee records, 1961/2009","SC 0209","/repositories/4/resources/538","George Washington National Forest (Va. and W. Va.)","Jefferson National Forest","Wilderness areas -- Virginia","Wilderness areas -- Law and legislation","Environmental protection -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Citizen participation","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Southern Region","National parks and reserves -- Virginia","Forest reserves -- Multiple use","Forest reserves -- Recreational use","Forest management","Wildlife management","Wildlife refuges -- United States -- Southern Region","Forest policy -- United States -- History","Forests and forestry -- History","Lobbying -- Law and legislation","Lobbyists -- United States","Wildlife conservationists -- Virginia","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Newsletters","Administrative records","Maps (documents)","Legislative records","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. A USB drive containing 1,802 files in 127 folders (128 MB) is inaccessible pending migration. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged in four series. Series 3: Subject Files is  arranged further into subseries. Series 1, 2, and 4 are arranged chronologically. Series 3 is arranged alphabetically.","Administrative Files, 1961-2005\n      Legislative Files, 1962-2009\n      Subject Files, 1965-2009\n      Maps, 2002-2004","Murray, Jim.  \"The Virginia Wilderness Committee: History and Accomplishments,\" January 2012. http://www.vawilderness.org/the-virginia-wilderness-committee-history-and-accomplishments.html (accessed October 25, 2018).","The Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC) consists of a group of citizens whose goal is to preserve and protect wild areas in Virginia. It was established in May 1969 during a workshop meeting organized by The Wilderness Society. The first leadership council consisted of John McKnight of Williamsburg as the first chairman, J. James  \"Jim \" Murray, as vice-chairman, and Lloyd Sumner as secretary treasurer. The VWC and The Wilderness Society immediately joined forces to found the Virginia Conservation Council in order to serve as an umbrella organization for Virginia's growing number of wilderness-oriented organizations. In 1976, the VWC played a role in adding additional acreage to the Shenandoah National Park wilderness proposal. The VWC also campaigned for the Virginia Wilderness Act of 1984, a major piece of legislation that designated ten areas for wilderness protection. In the 1990s, some members of Congress opposed additional wilderness designation legislation. During this time, the VWC focused on protecting wild areas, opposing the construction of a gas pipeline through potential future wilderness designated areas, compiling and publishing a memorial book on Ernie Dickerman, an important member of the VWC who passed in 1998, and other projects. In the early 2000s, the VWC was involved in the revision of the management plan for the Thomas Jefferson National Forest, as well as with the Virginia Wilderness Act of 2000. In 2009, the Virginia Ridge and Valley Act was finally passed within an omnibus bill. The VWC had tracked and campaigned for this bill since it was first introduced in 2004. The 2009 Act designated 53,000 acres of land in Virginia as wilderness.","VWC's major concern has been working with Congress in order to pass legislation to designate specific wild areas as \"wilderness.\" With this designation, an area is entitled to a certain level of protection under the Wilderness Act of 1964. The VWC has also been concerned with beach traffic, air quality, water quality, dams, wildlife and endangered species, power lines, wilderness usage, roads, Virginia's National Forests, the National Park Service, oil drilling in the arctic, wilderness trails, eminent domain, etc.","Newspaper clippings were photocopied and originals were discarded. During initial processing, photographs were separated from their original folders and placed in a Photographs series. Folders were been rearranged into series, but the order imposed by the creator at the folder level has been generally maintained.","In an effort to reimpose the original order of these records, the collection was reprocessed in December 2018. At this time, the files were arranged alphabetically according to subject and/or by general forest subjects, George Washington National Forest, and Jefferson National Forest. This is how the original order was described upon accession. Administrative and financial files were also grouped together. During reprocessing, all photographs were refiled in their original folders or filed into  folders based on intellectual relationship.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 5032.","Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1936-2005, SC 0143, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","U.S. Forest Service, George Washington National Forest, Dry River District Records, 1917-1994, SC 0083, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","U.S. Forest Service, George Washington National Forest, Lost River and Massanutten Working Circles Reports, 1912-1940, SC 0106, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","The Virginia Wilderness Committee Records, 1961-2009, document the organization's staff and organizers, finances, meetings, newsletters, and projects which include wilderness legislation, preservation, and protection in Virginia's national forests and other wild areas.","Series 1: Administrative Files, 1961-2005, comprises the VWC's organizational records including by-laws, correspondence, personnel files and files maintained by VWC members, membership lists, meeting agendas and minutes, brochures, newsletters, financial documents and reports, and account ledgers. Of interest is the correspondence with Congressmen Rick Boucher, John Warner, and George Allen.","Series 2: Legislative Files, 1962-2009, consists of mailing lists, congressional speeches, correspondence, public notices, and documents used by the members of VWC as evidence for building a case in favor of wilderness designation or wild area protective legislation in Virginia. Highlights include documentation related to the passing of the Virginia Wilderness Act of 2000 including related photographs featuring VWC members and Senator John Warner.","Series 3: Subject Files, 1965-2009, documents various topics concerning related organizations and committees with which the VWC interacted, planning reports and agenda relating to managing and creating wilderness areas, pertaining to the various projects, interests, and activities of the Virginia Wilderness Committee. Additionally, these documents relate to general environmental concerns and feature issues that while not directly related to the Virginia Wilderness Committee or wilderness designation, are still relevant to the VWC as a whole. Documents relate to the VWC's involvement in George Washington and Jefferson National Forest's management revisions and plans, as well as many folders compiled by the organization pertaining to key areas within George Washington and Jefferson National Forest. Some area folders consist of information about their potential for wilderness designation, special management for the area, campaigns to protect and preserve areas, basic information, maps, and relevant news clippings. Photographs of Shenandoah National Park, Cave Springs/Stone Mountain, Brush Mountain East, Brush Mountain (Montgomery County), Brushy Mountain (Bland County), Hunting Camp Creek, Long Spur, Little Walker Mountain, and Lynn Camp Creek are interfiled in their related subject files.","This series is further arranged into three subseries: General, George Washington National Forest, and Jefferson National Forest.","Series 4: Maps, 2002-2004, comprises four map sets from the campaign for the Virginia Wilderness Act of 2010. Map sets include the original proposal, 2002; working map set, 2003; forest service working map set, January 2004; forest service working map set, July 2004.","The donor retains copyright for Virginia Wilderness Committee: Forty Years, Recollections in 2009 by Jim Murray, and Virginia Wilderness Bill 2000 until March 1, 2020. Otherwise, the copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Virginia Wilderness Committee Records, 1961-2009, comprise official records - administrative and financial records, newsletters, project and subject files - documenting the organization's activities and projects related to wilderness legislation, preservation, and protection in Virginia's national forests and other wild areas.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Virginia Wilderness Committee","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","Virginia Wilderness Committee -- Records and correspondence","Virginia Wilderness Committee -- History","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Virginia (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: National Wilderness Preservation System Act of 1964.)","Virginia Society of Ornithology","Murray, J. James","Murray, Elizabeth \"Bess\"","Allen, George, 1952-","Warner, John W., 1927-","Boucher, Rick, 1946-","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Wilderness Committee records, 1961/2009"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Wilderness Committee records, 1961/2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0209","/repositories/4/resources/538"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0209","/repositories/4/resources/538"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["George Washington National Forest (Va. and W. Va.)","Jefferson National Forest"],"geogname_ssim":["George Washington National Forest (Va. and W. Va.)","Jefferson National Forest"],"places_ssim":["George Washington National Forest (Va. and W. Va.)","Jefferson National Forest"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia Wilderness Committee","Murray, J. James","Murray, Elizabeth \"Bess\""],"creator_ssim":["Virginia Wilderness Committee","Murray, J. James","Murray, Elizabeth \"Bess\""],"creator_persname_ssim":["Murray, J. James","Murray, Elizabeth \"Bess\"","Allen, George, 1952-","Warner, John W., 1927-","Boucher, Rick, 1946-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Virginia Wilderness Committee","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","Virginia Wilderness Committee -- Records and correspondence","Virginia Wilderness Committee -- History","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Virginia (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: National Wilderness Preservation System Act of 1964.)","Virginia Society of Ornithology"],"creators_ssim":["Murray, J. James","Murray, Elizabeth \"Bess\"","Allen, George, 1952-","Warner, John W., 1927-","Boucher, Rick, 1946-","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Virginia Wilderness Committee","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","Virginia Wilderness Committee -- Records and correspondence","Virginia Wilderness Committee -- History","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Virginia (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: National Wilderness Preservation System Act of 1964.)","Virginia Society of Ornithology"],"access_terms_ssm":["The donor retains copyright for Virginia Wilderness Committee: Forty Years, Recollections in 2009 by Jim Murray, and Virginia Wilderness Bill 2000 until March 1, 2020. Otherwise, the copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["J. James \"Jim\" Murray and Elizabeth \"Bess\" Murray donated this collection in March 2010."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Wilderness areas -- Virginia","Wilderness areas -- Law and legislation","Environmental protection -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Citizen participation","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Southern Region","National parks and reserves -- Virginia","Forest reserves -- Multiple use","Forest reserves -- Recreational use","Forest management","Wildlife management","Wildlife refuges -- United States -- Southern Region","Forest policy -- United States -- History","Forests and forestry -- History","Lobbying -- Law and legislation","Lobbyists -- United States","Wildlife conservationists -- Virginia","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Newsletters","Administrative records","Maps (documents)","Legislative records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Wilderness areas -- Virginia","Wilderness areas -- Law and legislation","Environmental protection -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Citizen participation","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Southern Region","National parks and reserves -- Virginia","Forest reserves -- Multiple use","Forest reserves -- Recreational use","Forest management","Wildlife management","Wildlife refuges -- United States -- Southern Region","Forest policy -- United States -- History","Forests and forestry -- History","Lobbying -- Law and legislation","Lobbyists -- United States","Wildlife conservationists -- Virginia","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Newsletters","Administrative records","Maps (documents)","Legislative records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 cubic feet 5 boxes, 4 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["9 cubic feet 5 boxes, 4 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Newsletters","Administrative records","Maps (documents)","Legislative records"],"date_range_isim":[1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. A USB drive containing 1,802 files in 127 folders (128 MB) is inaccessible pending migration. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. A USB drive containing 1,802 files in 127 folders (128 MB) is inaccessible pending migration. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in four series. Series 3: Subject Files is  arranged further into subseries. Series 1, 2, and 4 are arranged chronologically. Series 3 is arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAdministrative Files, 1961-2005\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eLegislative Files, 1962-2009\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubject Files, 1965-2009\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMaps, 2002-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in four series. Series 3: Subject Files is  arranged further into subseries. Series 1, 2, and 4 are arranged chronologically. Series 3 is arranged alphabetically.","Administrative Files, 1961-2005\n      Legislative Files, 1962-2009\n      Subject Files, 1965-2009\n      Maps, 2002-2004"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eMurray, Jim.  \"The Virginia Wilderness Committee: History and Accomplishments,\" January 2012. http://www.vawilderness.org/the-virginia-wilderness-committee-history-and-accomplishments.html (accessed October 25, 2018).\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Murray, Jim.  \"The Virginia Wilderness Committee: History and Accomplishments,\" January 2012. http://www.vawilderness.org/the-virginia-wilderness-committee-history-and-accomplishments.html (accessed October 25, 2018)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC) consists of a group of citizens whose goal is to preserve and protect wild areas in Virginia. It was established in May 1969 during a workshop meeting organized by The Wilderness Society. The first leadership council consisted of John McKnight of Williamsburg as the first chairman, J. James  \"Jim \" Murray, as vice-chairman, and Lloyd Sumner as secretary treasurer. The VWC and The Wilderness Society immediately joined forces to found the Virginia Conservation Council in order to serve as an umbrella organization for Virginia's growing number of wilderness-oriented organizations. In 1976, the VWC played a role in adding additional acreage to the Shenandoah National Park wilderness proposal. The VWC also campaigned for the Virginia Wilderness Act of 1984, a major piece of legislation that designated ten areas for wilderness protection. In the 1990s, some members of Congress opposed additional wilderness designation legislation. During this time, the VWC focused on protecting wild areas, opposing the construction of a gas pipeline through potential future wilderness designated areas, compiling and publishing a memorial book on Ernie Dickerman, an important member of the VWC who passed in 1998, and other projects. In the early 2000s, the VWC was involved in the revision of the management plan for the Thomas Jefferson National Forest, as well as with the Virginia Wilderness Act of 2000. In 2009, the Virginia Ridge and Valley Act was finally passed within an omnibus bill. The VWC had tracked and campaigned for this bill since it was first introduced in 2004. The 2009 Act designated 53,000 acres of land in Virginia as wilderness.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVWC's major concern has been working with Congress in order to pass legislation to designate specific wild areas as \"wilderness.\" With this designation, an area is entitled to a certain level of protection under the Wilderness Act of 1964. The VWC has also been concerned with beach traffic, air quality, water quality, dams, wildlife and endangered species, power lines, wilderness usage, roads, Virginia's National Forests, the National Park Service, oil drilling in the arctic, wilderness trails, eminent domain, etc.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC) consists of a group of citizens whose goal is to preserve and protect wild areas in Virginia. It was established in May 1969 during a workshop meeting organized by The Wilderness Society. The first leadership council consisted of John McKnight of Williamsburg as the first chairman, J. James  \"Jim \" Murray, as vice-chairman, and Lloyd Sumner as secretary treasurer. The VWC and The Wilderness Society immediately joined forces to found the Virginia Conservation Council in order to serve as an umbrella organization for Virginia's growing number of wilderness-oriented organizations. In 1976, the VWC played a role in adding additional acreage to the Shenandoah National Park wilderness proposal. The VWC also campaigned for the Virginia Wilderness Act of 1984, a major piece of legislation that designated ten areas for wilderness protection. In the 1990s, some members of Congress opposed additional wilderness designation legislation. During this time, the VWC focused on protecting wild areas, opposing the construction of a gas pipeline through potential future wilderness designated areas, compiling and publishing a memorial book on Ernie Dickerman, an important member of the VWC who passed in 1998, and other projects. In the early 2000s, the VWC was involved in the revision of the management plan for the Thomas Jefferson National Forest, as well as with the Virginia Wilderness Act of 2000. In 2009, the Virginia Ridge and Valley Act was finally passed within an omnibus bill. The VWC had tracked and campaigned for this bill since it was first introduced in 2004. The 2009 Act designated 53,000 acres of land in Virginia as wilderness.","VWC's major concern has been working with Congress in order to pass legislation to designate specific wild areas as \"wilderness.\" With this designation, an area is entitled to a certain level of protection under the Wilderness Act of 1964. The VWC has also been concerned with beach traffic, air quality, water quality, dams, wildlife and endangered species, power lines, wilderness usage, roads, Virginia's National Forests, the National Park Service, oil drilling in the arctic, wilderness trails, eminent domain, etc."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Virginia Wilderness Committee Records, 1961-2009, SC 0209, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Virginia Wilderness Committee Records, 1961-2009, SC 0209, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings were photocopied and originals were discarded. During initial processing, photographs were separated from their original folders and placed in a Photographs series. Folders were been rearranged into series, but the order imposed by the creator at the folder level has been generally maintained. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn an effort to reimpose the original order of these records, the collection was reprocessed in December 2018. At this time, the files were arranged alphabetically according to subject and/or by general forest subjects, George Washington National Forest, and Jefferson National Forest. This is how the original order was described upon accession. Administrative and financial files were also grouped together. During reprocessing, all photographs were refiled in their original folders or filed into  folders based on intellectual relationship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e This collection was previously cataloged as SC 5032\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Newspaper clippings were photocopied and originals were discarded. During initial processing, photographs were separated from their original folders and placed in a Photographs series. Folders were been rearranged into series, but the order imposed by the creator at the folder level has been generally maintained.","In an effort to reimpose the original order of these records, the collection was reprocessed in December 2018. At this time, the files were arranged alphabetically according to subject and/or by general forest subjects, George Washington National Forest, and Jefferson National Forest. This is how the original order was described upon accession. Administrative and financial files were also grouped together. During reprocessing, all photographs were refiled in their original folders or filed into  folders based on intellectual relationship.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 5032."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eErnest M. Dickerman Papers, 1936-2005, SC 0143, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU.S. Forest Service, George Washington National Forest, Dry River District Records, 1917-1994, SC 0083, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU.S. Forest Service, George Washington National Forest, Lost River and Massanutten Working Circles Reports, 1912-1940, SC 0106, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1936-2005, SC 0143, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","U.S. Forest Service, George Washington National Forest, Dry River District Records, 1917-1994, SC 0083, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","U.S. Forest Service, George Washington National Forest, Lost River and Massanutten Working Circles Reports, 1912-1940, SC 0106, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Wilderness Committee Records, 1961-2009, document the organization's staff and organizers, finances, meetings, newsletters, and projects which include wilderness legislation, preservation, and protection in Virginia's national forests and other wild areas.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Administrative Files, 1961-2005, comprises the VWC's organizational records including by-laws, correspondence, personnel files and files maintained by VWC members, membership lists, meeting agendas and minutes, brochures, newsletters, financial documents and reports, and account ledgers. Of interest is the correspondence with Congressmen Rick Boucher, John Warner, and George Allen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Legislative Files, 1962-2009, consists of mailing lists, congressional speeches, correspondence, public notices, and documents used by the members of VWC as evidence for building a case in favor of wilderness designation or wild area protective legislation in Virginia. Highlights include documentation related to the passing of the Virginia Wilderness Act of 2000 including related photographs featuring VWC members and Senator John Warner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Subject Files, 1965-2009, documents various topics concerning related organizations and committees with which the VWC interacted, planning reports and agenda relating to managing and creating wilderness areas, pertaining to the various projects, interests, and activities of the Virginia Wilderness Committee. Additionally, these documents relate to general environmental concerns and feature issues that while not directly related to the Virginia Wilderness Committee or wilderness designation, are still relevant to the VWC as a whole. Documents relate to the VWC's involvement in George Washington and Jefferson National Forest's management revisions and plans, as well as many folders compiled by the organization pertaining to key areas within George Washington and Jefferson National Forest. Some area folders consist of information about their potential for wilderness designation, special management for the area, campaigns to protect and preserve areas, basic information, maps, and relevant news clippings. Photographs of Shenandoah National Park, Cave Springs/Stone Mountain, Brush Mountain East, Brush Mountain (Montgomery County), Brushy Mountain (Bland County), Hunting Camp Creek, Long Spur, Little Walker Mountain, and Lynn Camp Creek are interfiled in their related subject files. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is further arranged into three subseries: General, George Washington National Forest, and Jefferson National Forest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Maps, 2002-2004, comprises four map sets from the campaign for the Virginia Wilderness Act of 2010. Map sets include the original proposal, 2002; working map set, 2003; forest service working map set, January 2004; forest service working map set, July 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Virginia Wilderness Committee Records, 1961-2009, document the organization's staff and organizers, finances, meetings, newsletters, and projects which include wilderness legislation, preservation, and protection in Virginia's national forests and other wild areas.","Series 1: Administrative Files, 1961-2005, comprises the VWC's organizational records including by-laws, correspondence, personnel files and files maintained by VWC members, membership lists, meeting agendas and minutes, brochures, newsletters, financial documents and reports, and account ledgers. Of interest is the correspondence with Congressmen Rick Boucher, John Warner, and George Allen.","Series 2: Legislative Files, 1962-2009, consists of mailing lists, congressional speeches, correspondence, public notices, and documents used by the members of VWC as evidence for building a case in favor of wilderness designation or wild area protective legislation in Virginia. Highlights include documentation related to the passing of the Virginia Wilderness Act of 2000 including related photographs featuring VWC members and Senator John Warner.","Series 3: Subject Files, 1965-2009, documents various topics concerning related organizations and committees with which the VWC interacted, planning reports and agenda relating to managing and creating wilderness areas, pertaining to the various projects, interests, and activities of the Virginia Wilderness Committee. Additionally, these documents relate to general environmental concerns and feature issues that while not directly related to the Virginia Wilderness Committee or wilderness designation, are still relevant to the VWC as a whole. Documents relate to the VWC's involvement in George Washington and Jefferson National Forest's management revisions and plans, as well as many folders compiled by the organization pertaining to key areas within George Washington and Jefferson National Forest. Some area folders consist of information about their potential for wilderness designation, special management for the area, campaigns to protect and preserve areas, basic information, maps, and relevant news clippings. Photographs of Shenandoah National Park, Cave Springs/Stone Mountain, Brush Mountain East, Brush Mountain (Montgomery County), Brushy Mountain (Bland County), Hunting Camp Creek, Long Spur, Little Walker Mountain, and Lynn Camp Creek are interfiled in their related subject files.","This series is further arranged into three subseries: General, George Washington National Forest, and Jefferson National Forest.","Series 4: Maps, 2002-2004, comprises four map sets from the campaign for the Virginia Wilderness Act of 2010. Map sets include the original proposal, 2002; working map set, 2003; forest service working map set, January 2004; forest service working map set, July 2004."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe donor retains copyright for Virginia Wilderness Committee: Forty Years, Recollections in 2009 by Jim Murray, and Virginia Wilderness Bill 2000 until March 1, 2020. Otherwise, the copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The donor retains copyright for Virginia Wilderness Committee: Forty Years, Recollections in 2009 by Jim Murray, and Virginia Wilderness Bill 2000 until March 1, 2020. Otherwise, the copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fd048f3e93d7237fd7a0af43bba8444c\"\u003eThe Virginia Wilderness Committee Records, 1961-2009, comprise official records - administrative and financial records, newsletters, project and subject files - documenting the organization's activities and projects related to wilderness legislation, preservation, and protection in Virginia's national forests and other wild areas.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Virginia Wilderness Committee Records, 1961-2009, comprise official records - administrative and financial records, newsletters, project and subject files - documenting the organization's activities and projects related to wilderness legislation, preservation, and protection in Virginia's national forests and other wild areas."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Virginia Wilderness Committee","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","Virginia Wilderness Committee -- Records and correspondence","Virginia Wilderness Committee -- History","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Virginia (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: National Wilderness Preservation System Act of 1964.)","Virginia Society of Ornithology"],"names_coll_ssim":["Wilderness Society (U.S.)","Virginia Wilderness Committee -- Records and correspondence","Virginia Wilderness Committee -- History","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Virginia (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: National Wilderness Preservation System Act of 1964.)","Murray, J. James","Murray, Elizabeth \"Bess\""],"persname_ssim":["Murray, J. James","Murray, Elizabeth \"Bess\"","Allen, George, 1952-","Warner, John W., 1927-","Boucher, Rick, 1946-"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Virginia Wilderness Committee","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","Virginia Wilderness Committee -- Records and correspondence","Virginia Wilderness Committee -- History","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Virginia (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: National Wilderness Preservation System Act of 1964.)","Virginia Society of Ornithology","Murray, J. James","Murray, Elizabeth \"Bess\"","Allen, George, 1952-","Warner, John W., 1927-","Boucher, Rick, 1946-"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":274,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:53.919Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_538_c02_c02"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_502","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Wetsel Seed Company oral histories, 1971","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_502#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Rennyson, David James","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_502#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Wetsel Seed Company Oral Histories, 1971, 1990, is comprised of interview transcripts, audio recordings, a pamphlet, and background papers, documenting the history of the Wetsel Seed Company, of Harrisonburg, Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_502#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_502","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_502","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_502","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_502","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_502.xml","title_ssm":["Wetsel Seed Company oral histories"],"title_tesim":["Wetsel Seed Company oral histories"],"unitdate_ssm":["1971","1990"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1971","1990"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1971"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wetsel Seed Company oral histories, 1971"],"text":["Wetsel Seed Company oral histories, 1971","SdArch 0001","/repositories/4/resources/502","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Industries -- Sources","Agricultural industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Farm supply industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Garden centers (Retail trade)","Seed industry and trade -- History","Seed industry and trade -- Equipment and supplies","Seed industry and trade -- Personnel management","Distributors (Seed industry and trade)","Family-owned business enterprises -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","oral histories (literary works)","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Oral history is open for research. The transcript and recording were reviewed and edited by the narrator.","Oral history is open for research.","Materials are arranged chronologically.","Wetsel Seed Company was founded in 1911 by Daniel M. Wetsel and his eldest son, Arnold W. Wetsel in Harrisonburg, Virginia. It was originally called D.M. Wetsel and Son, and was the Shenandoah Valley's first seed, feed and plant business. In 1915 it changed names to become Wetsel Seed Company, Inc. Daniel Wetsel was known to experiment and develop various seed products, notably those associated with corn and tomatoes. The business eventually developed mail order catalogs and truck delivery services, opened up additional stores in Waynesboro and developed a garden center. Wetsel Seed Company has involved four generations of family members, including Earl H., Robert E., Nelson T., and Thomas M. Wetsel. The company was purchased by BFG Supply Company in 2011.","Audiocassettes were transferred from original audiocassettes to MAMA-R 700MB gold cd-r using Tascam cc-222 mkII in 2006 by Cindy Minter. Audio was converted to mp3 and wav files on July 11, 2018 by Digital Projects Specialist, Kirsten Mlodynia of JMU Libraries Innovation Spaces and Services. Interviews were cataloged at the item level in 1994; The descriptive metadata was adapted to the Finding Aid in July 2019.","The Wetsel Seed Company Oral Histories, 1971, 1990, is comprised of interview transcripts, audio recordings, a pamphlet, and background papers, documenting the history of the Wetsel Seed Company, Inc. of Harrisonburg, Virginia, from its beginnings as the Shenandoah Valley's first seed/feed/plant business in 1911 to its status as a multi-state seed/plant/lawn-garden firm in 1971. It includes an interview with Nelson T. Wetsel, former president and consultant for the Wetsel Seed Company; an interview with Maxine Thomas, former employee (mostly in payroll accounting) at the Wetsel Seed Company in Harrisonburg, Va; a pamphlet, written by Russell Stultz, which gives a history of Wetsel Seed Company, Inc., from 1911 to 1971; and background papers written by interviewer, and JMU history undergraduate student, David James Rennyson.","Records the growth and development of the Wetsel Seed Company, Inc. of Rockingham County, Va., from its beginnings as the Shenandoah Valley's first seed/feed/plant business in 1911 to its status as a multi-state seed/plant/lawn-garden firm in 1971. Gives biographical information about the founder, Daniel M. Wetsel, who experimented and developed various seed products, notably those associated with corn (and also tomato). Mentions his contributions, beginning in 1896, with the marketing of seeds and plants produced by the \"Green Island Seed Farm at Port Republic, Va., with expansion/distribution to Harrisonburg and surrounding areas (cont.) Records important dates and changes in the development of the business (ex. in 1911, known as D.M. Wetsel \u0026 Son, with a store located in Harrisonburg; in 1915, it became known as the Wetsel Seed Company, Inc., with the eldest son, Arnold W., as co-founder). Refers to contributions made during World War I (victory gardens); 1929 depression, drought of 1930; exports (ex. grass seeds) during and following World War II, to various states and countries. Mentions development of mail order catalogs, delivery schedule calendars; seed cleaning/processing/packaging/storing service; truck delivery service; Waynesboro, Va. branch store; and development of the garden center. Mentions acquisitions of various buildings, etc. Relates contributions of four generations of family members, besides D. M. and A. W., including Earl H., Robert E., Nelson T., and Thomas M. Wetsel.","Records the reminisces and viewpoints of Nelson Wetsel, former president, now consultant for the Wetsel Seed Company, recently bought out by Southern States. Includes a brief history of the company, which began as a family-owned business in 1911 and now employs close to 200 workers. Discusses the development/diversification of the firm over the years from primarily a local (Shenandoah Valley) seed business to a multi-state, etc. wholesale distributor of lawn and garden supplies, and supplier for the professional grower (greenhouses, nurseries) and turf grass industry. Gives biographical information about various family members, their contributions, and the general sense of what it was like to be part of a family-owned business (the company's policies, philosophy, employees). Reflects on recent developments with the Southern States association; gives views on the future. More specifically, discusses the following: diversity of products (including grass seeds such as varieties of bluegrass, orchard grass; lawn/indoor and outdoor garden/professional grower supplies such as fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, gardening tools, soils, containers; supplies specifically for greenhouses/nurseries, such as cuttings and rooted plugs; hydroseed turf industry). Describes various aspects/percentage of business trade and market: primarily wholesale/distributor; some middleman relations; retailer; associations with dealers and growers. Discusses Harrisonburg and Waynesboro stores; also warehouse branches.","Records the reminisces and viewpoints of Maxine Thomas, a forty-two year employee (mostly in payroll accounting) at the Wetsel Seed Company in Harrisonburg, Virginia. Describes experiences and standpoints from the perspective of a non-family member, women and long-time employee at Wetsel's. Gives brief descriptions of various aspects of her work; some recollections concerning employee-employer relations, the growth of the company over the years, and memories of family members (Arnold W., Earl, Nelson, Bob (Robert), Tom, and Jeff Wetsel). Mentions growth in number of employees from around ten in 1949 to close to 200 in 1990. Briefly describes technological changes, such as the advent of computers; hiring practices; fringe benefits, etc. Mentions the number of salesmen; truck drivers; a few long-standing employees. Names the various states which are a part of the company's delivery/distribution service area.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The copyright interests were transfered to Carrier Library.","The copyright interests were transferred to Carrier Library.","The Wetsel Seed Company Oral Histories, 1971, 1990, is comprised of interview transcripts, audio recordings, a pamphlet, and background papers, documenting the history of the Wetsel Seed Company, of Harrisonburg, Virginia.","Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wetsel Seed Co","Rennyson, David James","Wetsel, Nelson T. 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The transcript and recording were reviewed and edited by the narrator.","Oral history is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials are arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWetsel Seed Company was founded in 1911 by Daniel M. Wetsel and his eldest son, Arnold W. Wetsel in Harrisonburg, Virginia. It was originally called D.M. Wetsel and Son, and was the Shenandoah Valley's first seed, feed and plant business. In 1915 it changed names to become Wetsel Seed Company, Inc. Daniel Wetsel was known to experiment and develop various seed products, notably those associated with corn and tomatoes. The business eventually developed mail order catalogs and truck delivery services, opened up additional stores in Waynesboro and developed a garden center. 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The company was purchased by BFG Supply Company in 2011."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Wetsel Seed Company Oral Histories, SdArch 0001, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Wetsel Seed Company Oral Histories, SdArch 0001, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAudiocassettes were transferred from original audiocassettes to MAMA-R 700MB gold cd-r using Tascam cc-222 mkII in 2006 by Cindy Minter. Audio was converted to mp3 and wav files on July 11, 2018 by Digital Projects Specialist, Kirsten Mlodynia of JMU Libraries Innovation Spaces and Services. 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Wetsel, former president and consultant for the Wetsel Seed Company; an interview with Maxine Thomas, former employee (mostly in payroll accounting) at the Wetsel Seed Company in Harrisonburg, Va; a pamphlet, written by Russell Stultz, which gives a history of Wetsel Seed Company, Inc., from 1911 to 1971; and background papers written by interviewer, and JMU history undergraduate student, David James Rennyson.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eRecords the growth and development of the Wetsel Seed Company, Inc. of Rockingham County, Va., from its beginnings as the Shenandoah Valley's first seed/feed/plant business in 1911 to its status as a multi-state seed/plant/lawn-garden firm in 1971. Gives biographical information about the founder, Daniel M. Wetsel, who experimented and developed various seed products, notably those associated with corn (and also tomato). Mentions his contributions, beginning in 1896, with the marketing of seeds and plants produced by the \"Green Island Seed Farm at Port Republic, Va., with expansion/distribution to Harrisonburg and surrounding areas (cont.) Records important dates and changes in the development of the business (ex. in 1911, known as D.M. Wetsel \u0026amp; Son, with a store located in Harrisonburg; in 1915, it became known as the Wetsel Seed Company, Inc., with the eldest son, Arnold W., as co-founder). Refers to contributions made during World War I (victory gardens); 1929 depression, drought of 1930; exports (ex. grass seeds) during and following World War II, to various states and countries. Mentions development of mail order catalogs, delivery schedule calendars; seed cleaning/processing/packaging/storing service; truck delivery service; Waynesboro, Va. branch store; and development of the garden center. 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Gives biographical information about various family members, their contributions, and the general sense of what it was like to be part of a family-owned business (the company's policies, philosophy, employees). Reflects on recent developments with the Southern States association; gives views on the future. More specifically, discusses the following: diversity of products (including grass seeds such as varieties of bluegrass, orchard grass; lawn/indoor and outdoor garden/professional grower supplies such as fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, gardening tools, soils, containers; supplies specifically for greenhouses/nurseries, such as cuttings and rooted plugs; hydroseed turf industry). Describes various aspects/percentage of business trade and market: primarily wholesale/distributor; some middleman relations; retailer; associations with dealers and growers. Discusses Harrisonburg and Waynesboro stores; also warehouse branches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords the reminisces and viewpoints of Maxine Thomas, a forty-two year employee (mostly in payroll accounting) at the Wetsel Seed Company in Harrisonburg, Virginia. Describes experiences and standpoints from the perspective of a non-family member, women and long-time employee at Wetsel's. Gives brief descriptions of various aspects of her work; some recollections concerning employee-employer relations, the growth of the company over the years, and memories of family members (Arnold W., Earl, Nelson, Bob (Robert), Tom, and Jeff Wetsel). Mentions growth in number of employees from around ten in 1949 to close to 200 in 1990. Briefly describes technological changes, such as the advent of computers; hiring practices; fringe benefits, etc. Mentions the number of salesmen; truck drivers; a few long-standing employees. 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Mentions his contributions, beginning in 1896, with the marketing of seeds and plants produced by the \"Green Island Seed Farm at Port Republic, Va., with expansion/distribution to Harrisonburg and surrounding areas (cont.) Records important dates and changes in the development of the business (ex. in 1911, known as D.M. Wetsel \u0026 Son, with a store located in Harrisonburg; in 1915, it became known as the Wetsel Seed Company, Inc., with the eldest son, Arnold W., as co-founder). Refers to contributions made during World War I (victory gardens); 1929 depression, drought of 1930; exports (ex. grass seeds) during and following World War II, to various states and countries. Mentions development of mail order catalogs, delivery schedule calendars; seed cleaning/processing/packaging/storing service; truck delivery service; Waynesboro, Va. branch store; and development of the garden center. Mentions acquisitions of various buildings, etc. Relates contributions of four generations of family members, besides D. M. and A. W., including Earl H., Robert E., Nelson T., and Thomas M. Wetsel.","Records the reminisces and viewpoints of Nelson Wetsel, former president, now consultant for the Wetsel Seed Company, recently bought out by Southern States. Includes a brief history of the company, which began as a family-owned business in 1911 and now employs close to 200 workers. Discusses the development/diversification of the firm over the years from primarily a local (Shenandoah Valley) seed business to a multi-state, etc. wholesale distributor of lawn and garden supplies, and supplier for the professional grower (greenhouses, nurseries) and turf grass industry. Gives biographical information about various family members, their contributions, and the general sense of what it was like to be part of a family-owned business (the company's policies, philosophy, employees). Reflects on recent developments with the Southern States association; gives views on the future. More specifically, discusses the following: diversity of products (including grass seeds such as varieties of bluegrass, orchard grass; lawn/indoor and outdoor garden/professional grower supplies such as fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, gardening tools, soils, containers; supplies specifically for greenhouses/nurseries, such as cuttings and rooted plugs; hydroseed turf industry). Describes various aspects/percentage of business trade and market: primarily wholesale/distributor; some middleman relations; retailer; associations with dealers and growers. Discusses Harrisonburg and Waynesboro stores; also warehouse branches.","Records the reminisces and viewpoints of Maxine Thomas, a forty-two year employee (mostly in payroll accounting) at the Wetsel Seed Company in Harrisonburg, Virginia. Describes experiences and standpoints from the perspective of a non-family member, women and long-time employee at Wetsel's. Gives brief descriptions of various aspects of her work; some recollections concerning employee-employer relations, the growth of the company over the years, and memories of family members (Arnold W., Earl, Nelson, Bob (Robert), Tom, and Jeff Wetsel). Mentions growth in number of employees from around ten in 1949 to close to 200 in 1990. Briefly describes technological changes, such as the advent of computers; hiring practices; fringe benefits, etc. Mentions the number of salesmen; truck drivers; a few long-standing employees. Names the various states which are a part of the company's delivery/distribution service area."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. 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(Nelson Thomas), 1922-2004","Thomas, Maxine B., 1926-2018"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":5,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:53.919Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_502","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_502","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_502","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_502","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_502.xml","title_ssm":["Wetsel Seed Company oral histories"],"title_tesim":["Wetsel Seed Company oral histories"],"unitdate_ssm":["1971","1990"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1971","1990"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1971"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wetsel Seed Company oral histories, 1971"],"text":["Wetsel Seed Company oral histories, 1971","SdArch 0001","/repositories/4/resources/502","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Industries -- Sources","Agricultural industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Farm supply industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Garden centers (Retail trade)","Seed industry and trade -- History","Seed industry and trade -- Equipment and supplies","Seed industry and trade -- Personnel management","Distributors (Seed industry and trade)","Family-owned business enterprises -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","oral histories (literary works)","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Oral history is open for research. The transcript and recording were reviewed and edited by the narrator.","Oral history is open for research.","Materials are arranged chronologically.","Wetsel Seed Company was founded in 1911 by Daniel M. Wetsel and his eldest son, Arnold W. Wetsel in Harrisonburg, Virginia. It was originally called D.M. Wetsel and Son, and was the Shenandoah Valley's first seed, feed and plant business. In 1915 it changed names to become Wetsel Seed Company, Inc. Daniel Wetsel was known to experiment and develop various seed products, notably those associated with corn and tomatoes. The business eventually developed mail order catalogs and truck delivery services, opened up additional stores in Waynesboro and developed a garden center. Wetsel Seed Company has involved four generations of family members, including Earl H., Robert E., Nelson T., and Thomas M. Wetsel. The company was purchased by BFG Supply Company in 2011.","Audiocassettes were transferred from original audiocassettes to MAMA-R 700MB gold cd-r using Tascam cc-222 mkII in 2006 by Cindy Minter. Audio was converted to mp3 and wav files on July 11, 2018 by Digital Projects Specialist, Kirsten Mlodynia of JMU Libraries Innovation Spaces and Services. Interviews were cataloged at the item level in 1994; The descriptive metadata was adapted to the Finding Aid in July 2019.","The Wetsel Seed Company Oral Histories, 1971, 1990, is comprised of interview transcripts, audio recordings, a pamphlet, and background papers, documenting the history of the Wetsel Seed Company, Inc. of Harrisonburg, Virginia, from its beginnings as the Shenandoah Valley's first seed/feed/plant business in 1911 to its status as a multi-state seed/plant/lawn-garden firm in 1971. It includes an interview with Nelson T. Wetsel, former president and consultant for the Wetsel Seed Company; an interview with Maxine Thomas, former employee (mostly in payroll accounting) at the Wetsel Seed Company in Harrisonburg, Va; a pamphlet, written by Russell Stultz, which gives a history of Wetsel Seed Company, Inc., from 1911 to 1971; and background papers written by interviewer, and JMU history undergraduate student, David James Rennyson.","Records the growth and development of the Wetsel Seed Company, Inc. of Rockingham County, Va., from its beginnings as the Shenandoah Valley's first seed/feed/plant business in 1911 to its status as a multi-state seed/plant/lawn-garden firm in 1971. Gives biographical information about the founder, Daniel M. Wetsel, who experimented and developed various seed products, notably those associated with corn (and also tomato). Mentions his contributions, beginning in 1896, with the marketing of seeds and plants produced by the \"Green Island Seed Farm at Port Republic, Va., with expansion/distribution to Harrisonburg and surrounding areas (cont.) Records important dates and changes in the development of the business (ex. in 1911, known as D.M. Wetsel \u0026 Son, with a store located in Harrisonburg; in 1915, it became known as the Wetsel Seed Company, Inc., with the eldest son, Arnold W., as co-founder). Refers to contributions made during World War I (victory gardens); 1929 depression, drought of 1930; exports (ex. grass seeds) during and following World War II, to various states and countries. Mentions development of mail order catalogs, delivery schedule calendars; seed cleaning/processing/packaging/storing service; truck delivery service; Waynesboro, Va. branch store; and development of the garden center. Mentions acquisitions of various buildings, etc. Relates contributions of four generations of family members, besides D. M. and A. W., including Earl H., Robert E., Nelson T., and Thomas M. Wetsel.","Records the reminisces and viewpoints of Nelson Wetsel, former president, now consultant for the Wetsel Seed Company, recently bought out by Southern States. Includes a brief history of the company, which began as a family-owned business in 1911 and now employs close to 200 workers. Discusses the development/diversification of the firm over the years from primarily a local (Shenandoah Valley) seed business to a multi-state, etc. wholesale distributor of lawn and garden supplies, and supplier for the professional grower (greenhouses, nurseries) and turf grass industry. Gives biographical information about various family members, their contributions, and the general sense of what it was like to be part of a family-owned business (the company's policies, philosophy, employees). Reflects on recent developments with the Southern States association; gives views on the future. More specifically, discusses the following: diversity of products (including grass seeds such as varieties of bluegrass, orchard grass; lawn/indoor and outdoor garden/professional grower supplies such as fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, gardening tools, soils, containers; supplies specifically for greenhouses/nurseries, such as cuttings and rooted plugs; hydroseed turf industry). Describes various aspects/percentage of business trade and market: primarily wholesale/distributor; some middleman relations; retailer; associations with dealers and growers. Discusses Harrisonburg and Waynesboro stores; also warehouse branches.","Records the reminisces and viewpoints of Maxine Thomas, a forty-two year employee (mostly in payroll accounting) at the Wetsel Seed Company in Harrisonburg, Virginia. Describes experiences and standpoints from the perspective of a non-family member, women and long-time employee at Wetsel's. Gives brief descriptions of various aspects of her work; some recollections concerning employee-employer relations, the growth of the company over the years, and memories of family members (Arnold W., Earl, Nelson, Bob (Robert), Tom, and Jeff Wetsel). Mentions growth in number of employees from around ten in 1949 to close to 200 in 1990. Briefly describes technological changes, such as the advent of computers; hiring practices; fringe benefits, etc. Mentions the number of salesmen; truck drivers; a few long-standing employees. Names the various states which are a part of the company's delivery/distribution service area.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The copyright interests were transfered to Carrier Library.","The copyright interests were transferred to Carrier Library.","The Wetsel Seed Company Oral Histories, 1971, 1990, is comprised of interview transcripts, audio recordings, a pamphlet, and background papers, documenting the history of the Wetsel Seed Company, of Harrisonburg, Virginia.","Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wetsel Seed Co","Rennyson, David James","Wetsel, Nelson T. (Nelson Thomas), 1922-2004","Thomas, Maxine B., 1926-2018","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wetsel Seed Company oral histories, 1971"],"collection_ssim":["Wetsel Seed Company oral histories, 1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SdArch 0001","/repositories/4/resources/502"],"unitid_tesim":["SdArch 0001","/repositories/4/resources/502"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Industries -- Sources"],"geogname_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Industries -- Sources"],"places_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Industries -- Sources"],"creator_ssm":["Rennyson, David James"],"creator_ssim":["Rennyson, David James"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rennyson, David James","Wetsel, Nelson T. (Nelson Thomas), 1922-2004","Thomas, Maxine B., 1926-2018"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wetsel Seed Co"],"creators_ssim":["Rennyson, David James","Wetsel, Nelson T. (Nelson Thomas), 1922-2004","Thomas, Maxine B., 1926-2018","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wetsel Seed Co"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection was donated on April 23, 1990 by David James Rennyson."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agricultural industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Farm supply industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Garden centers (Retail trade)","Seed industry and trade -- History","Seed industry and trade -- Equipment and supplies","Seed industry and trade -- Personnel management","Distributors (Seed industry and trade)","Family-owned business enterprises -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","oral histories (literary works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agricultural industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Farm supply industries -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Garden centers (Retail trade)","Seed industry and trade -- History","Seed industry and trade -- Equipment and supplies","Seed industry and trade -- Personnel management","Distributors (Seed industry and trade)","Family-owned business enterprises -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","oral histories (literary works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.51 cubic feet 3 folders, 4 audiocassettes, 7 cds"],"extent_tesim":["0.51 cubic feet 3 folders, 4 audiocassettes, 7 cds"],"genreform_ssim":["oral histories (literary works)"],"date_range_isim":[1971,1990],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eOral history is open for research. The transcript and recording were reviewed and edited by the narrator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restriction"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Oral history is open for research. The transcript and recording were reviewed and edited by the narrator.","Oral history is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials are arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWetsel Seed Company was founded in 1911 by Daniel M. Wetsel and his eldest son, Arnold W. Wetsel in Harrisonburg, Virginia. It was originally called D.M. Wetsel and Son, and was the Shenandoah Valley's first seed, feed and plant business. In 1915 it changed names to become Wetsel Seed Company, Inc. Daniel Wetsel was known to experiment and develop various seed products, notably those associated with corn and tomatoes. The business eventually developed mail order catalogs and truck delivery services, opened up additional stores in Waynesboro and developed a garden center. Wetsel Seed Company has involved four generations of family members, including Earl H., Robert E., Nelson T., and Thomas M. Wetsel. The company was purchased by BFG Supply Company in 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Wetsel Seed Company was founded in 1911 by Daniel M. Wetsel and his eldest son, Arnold W. Wetsel in Harrisonburg, Virginia. It was originally called D.M. Wetsel and Son, and was the Shenandoah Valley's first seed, feed and plant business. In 1915 it changed names to become Wetsel Seed Company, Inc. Daniel Wetsel was known to experiment and develop various seed products, notably those associated with corn and tomatoes. The business eventually developed mail order catalogs and truck delivery services, opened up additional stores in Waynesboro and developed a garden center. Wetsel Seed Company has involved four generations of family members, including Earl H., Robert E., Nelson T., and Thomas M. Wetsel. The company was purchased by BFG Supply Company in 2011."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Wetsel Seed Company Oral Histories, SdArch 0001, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Wetsel Seed Company Oral Histories, SdArch 0001, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAudiocassettes were transferred from original audiocassettes to MAMA-R 700MB gold cd-r using Tascam cc-222 mkII in 2006 by Cindy Minter. Audio was converted to mp3 and wav files on July 11, 2018 by Digital Projects Specialist, Kirsten Mlodynia of JMU Libraries Innovation Spaces and Services. Interviews were cataloged at the item level in 1994; The descriptive metadata was adapted to the Finding Aid in July 2019.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Audiocassettes were transferred from original audiocassettes to MAMA-R 700MB gold cd-r using Tascam cc-222 mkII in 2006 by Cindy Minter. Audio was converted to mp3 and wav files on July 11, 2018 by Digital Projects Specialist, Kirsten Mlodynia of JMU Libraries Innovation Spaces and Services. Interviews were cataloged at the item level in 1994; The descriptive metadata was adapted to the Finding Aid in July 2019."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Wetsel Seed Company Oral Histories, 1971, 1990, is comprised of interview transcripts, audio recordings, a pamphlet, and background papers, documenting the history of the Wetsel Seed Company, Inc. of Harrisonburg, Virginia, from its beginnings as the Shenandoah Valley's first seed/feed/plant business in 1911 to its status as a multi-state seed/plant/lawn-garden firm in 1971. It includes an interview with Nelson T. Wetsel, former president and consultant for the Wetsel Seed Company; an interview with Maxine Thomas, former employee (mostly in payroll accounting) at the Wetsel Seed Company in Harrisonburg, Va; a pamphlet, written by Russell Stultz, which gives a history of Wetsel Seed Company, Inc., from 1911 to 1971; and background papers written by interviewer, and JMU history undergraduate student, David James Rennyson.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eRecords the growth and development of the Wetsel Seed Company, Inc. of Rockingham County, Va., from its beginnings as the Shenandoah Valley's first seed/feed/plant business in 1911 to its status as a multi-state seed/plant/lawn-garden firm in 1971. Gives biographical information about the founder, Daniel M. Wetsel, who experimented and developed various seed products, notably those associated with corn (and also tomato). Mentions his contributions, beginning in 1896, with the marketing of seeds and plants produced by the \"Green Island Seed Farm at Port Republic, Va., with expansion/distribution to Harrisonburg and surrounding areas (cont.) Records important dates and changes in the development of the business (ex. in 1911, known as D.M. Wetsel \u0026amp; Son, with a store located in Harrisonburg; in 1915, it became known as the Wetsel Seed Company, Inc., with the eldest son, Arnold W., as co-founder). Refers to contributions made during World War I (victory gardens); 1929 depression, drought of 1930; exports (ex. grass seeds) during and following World War II, to various states and countries. Mentions development of mail order catalogs, delivery schedule calendars; seed cleaning/processing/packaging/storing service; truck delivery service; Waynesboro, Va. branch store; and development of the garden center. Mentions acquisitions of various buildings, etc. Relates contributions of four generations of family members, besides D. M. and A. W., including Earl H., Robert E., Nelson T., and Thomas M. Wetsel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords the reminisces and viewpoints of Nelson Wetsel, former president, now consultant for the Wetsel Seed Company, recently bought out by Southern States. Includes a brief history of the company, which began as a family-owned business in 1911 and now employs close to 200 workers. Discusses the development/diversification of the firm over the years from primarily a local (Shenandoah Valley) seed business to a multi-state, etc. wholesale distributor of lawn and garden supplies, and supplier for the professional grower (greenhouses, nurseries) and turf grass industry. Gives biographical information about various family members, their contributions, and the general sense of what it was like to be part of a family-owned business (the company's policies, philosophy, employees). Reflects on recent developments with the Southern States association; gives views on the future. More specifically, discusses the following: diversity of products (including grass seeds such as varieties of bluegrass, orchard grass; lawn/indoor and outdoor garden/professional grower supplies such as fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, gardening tools, soils, containers; supplies specifically for greenhouses/nurseries, such as cuttings and rooted plugs; hydroseed turf industry). Describes various aspects/percentage of business trade and market: primarily wholesale/distributor; some middleman relations; retailer; associations with dealers and growers. Discusses Harrisonburg and Waynesboro stores; also warehouse branches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords the reminisces and viewpoints of Maxine Thomas, a forty-two year employee (mostly in payroll accounting) at the Wetsel Seed Company in Harrisonburg, Virginia. Describes experiences and standpoints from the perspective of a non-family member, women and long-time employee at Wetsel's. Gives brief descriptions of various aspects of her work; some recollections concerning employee-employer relations, the growth of the company over the years, and memories of family members (Arnold W., Earl, Nelson, Bob (Robert), Tom, and Jeff Wetsel). Mentions growth in number of employees from around ten in 1949 to close to 200 in 1990. Briefly describes technological changes, such as the advent of computers; hiring practices; fringe benefits, etc. Mentions the number of salesmen; truck drivers; a few long-standing employees. Names the various states which are a part of the company's delivery/distribution service area.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Wetsel Seed Company Oral Histories, 1971, 1990, is comprised of interview transcripts, audio recordings, a pamphlet, and background papers, documenting the history of the Wetsel Seed Company, Inc. of Harrisonburg, Virginia, from its beginnings as the Shenandoah Valley's first seed/feed/plant business in 1911 to its status as a multi-state seed/plant/lawn-garden firm in 1971. It includes an interview with Nelson T. Wetsel, former president and consultant for the Wetsel Seed Company; an interview with Maxine Thomas, former employee (mostly in payroll accounting) at the Wetsel Seed Company in Harrisonburg, Va; a pamphlet, written by Russell Stultz, which gives a history of Wetsel Seed Company, Inc., from 1911 to 1971; and background papers written by interviewer, and JMU history undergraduate student, David James Rennyson.","Records the growth and development of the Wetsel Seed Company, Inc. of Rockingham County, Va., from its beginnings as the Shenandoah Valley's first seed/feed/plant business in 1911 to its status as a multi-state seed/plant/lawn-garden firm in 1971. Gives biographical information about the founder, Daniel M. Wetsel, who experimented and developed various seed products, notably those associated with corn (and also tomato). Mentions his contributions, beginning in 1896, with the marketing of seeds and plants produced by the \"Green Island Seed Farm at Port Republic, Va., with expansion/distribution to Harrisonburg and surrounding areas (cont.) Records important dates and changes in the development of the business (ex. in 1911, known as D.M. Wetsel \u0026 Son, with a store located in Harrisonburg; in 1915, it became known as the Wetsel Seed Company, Inc., with the eldest son, Arnold W., as co-founder). Refers to contributions made during World War I (victory gardens); 1929 depression, drought of 1930; exports (ex. grass seeds) during and following World War II, to various states and countries. Mentions development of mail order catalogs, delivery schedule calendars; seed cleaning/processing/packaging/storing service; truck delivery service; Waynesboro, Va. branch store; and development of the garden center. Mentions acquisitions of various buildings, etc. Relates contributions of four generations of family members, besides D. M. and A. W., including Earl H., Robert E., Nelson T., and Thomas M. Wetsel.","Records the reminisces and viewpoints of Nelson Wetsel, former president, now consultant for the Wetsel Seed Company, recently bought out by Southern States. Includes a brief history of the company, which began as a family-owned business in 1911 and now employs close to 200 workers. Discusses the development/diversification of the firm over the years from primarily a local (Shenandoah Valley) seed business to a multi-state, etc. wholesale distributor of lawn and garden supplies, and supplier for the professional grower (greenhouses, nurseries) and turf grass industry. Gives biographical information about various family members, their contributions, and the general sense of what it was like to be part of a family-owned business (the company's policies, philosophy, employees). Reflects on recent developments with the Southern States association; gives views on the future. More specifically, discusses the following: diversity of products (including grass seeds such as varieties of bluegrass, orchard grass; lawn/indoor and outdoor garden/professional grower supplies such as fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, gardening tools, soils, containers; supplies specifically for greenhouses/nurseries, such as cuttings and rooted plugs; hydroseed turf industry). Describes various aspects/percentage of business trade and market: primarily wholesale/distributor; some middleman relations; retailer; associations with dealers and growers. Discusses Harrisonburg and Waynesboro stores; also warehouse branches.","Records the reminisces and viewpoints of Maxine Thomas, a forty-two year employee (mostly in payroll accounting) at the Wetsel Seed Company in Harrisonburg, Virginia. Describes experiences and standpoints from the perspective of a non-family member, women and long-time employee at Wetsel's. Gives brief descriptions of various aspects of her work; some recollections concerning employee-employer relations, the growth of the company over the years, and memories of family members (Arnold W., Earl, Nelson, Bob (Robert), Tom, and Jeff Wetsel). Mentions growth in number of employees from around ten in 1949 to close to 200 in 1990. Briefly describes technological changes, such as the advent of computers; hiring practices; fringe benefits, etc. Mentions the number of salesmen; truck drivers; a few long-standing employees. Names the various states which are a part of the company's delivery/distribution service area."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests were transfered to Carrier Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests were transferred to Carrier Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restriction"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The copyright interests were transfered to Carrier Library.","The copyright interests were transferred to Carrier Library."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_73b76146cf91892b99100d43cf6c3260\"\u003eThe Wetsel Seed Company Oral Histories, 1971, 1990, is comprised of interview transcripts, audio recordings, a pamphlet, and background papers, documenting the history of the Wetsel Seed Company, of Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Wetsel Seed Company Oral Histories, 1971, 1990, is comprised of interview transcripts, audio recordings, a pamphlet, and background papers, documenting the history of the Wetsel Seed Company, of Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_10679faa2008424376e91180eed2db9c\" label=\"Repository\"\u003eSpecial Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wetsel Seed Co"],"names_coll_ssim":["Wetsel Seed Co","Rennyson, David James"],"persname_ssim":["Rennyson, David James","Wetsel, Nelson T. (Nelson Thomas), 1922-2004","Thomas, Maxine B., 1926-2018"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wetsel Seed Co","Rennyson, David James","Wetsel, Nelson T. (Nelson Thomas), 1922-2004","Thomas, Maxine B., 1926-2018"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":5,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:53.919Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_502"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03_c09","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wilderness Proposals (folder 1 of 2), 1970/1979","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03_c09#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03_c09","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03_c09"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03_c09","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03","parent_ssim":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005","Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969/2005"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wilderness Proposals (folder 1 of 2)","title_ssm":["Wilderness Proposals (folder 1 of 2)"],"title_tesim":["Wilderness Proposals (folder 1 of 2)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wilderness Proposals (folder 1 of 2), 1970/1979"],"text":["Wilderness Proposals (folder 1 of 2), 1970/1979","Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005","Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969/2005","box 4","folder 2"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005","Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969/2005"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005","Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969/2005"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/1979"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970s"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":95,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005"],"containers_ssim":["box 4","folder 2"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#8","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_288.xml","title_ssm":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers"],"title_tesim":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1904-2005"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1904-2005"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1904/2005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005"],"text":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005","SC 0143","Saint Mary's Wilderness (Va.)","James River Face Wilderness Area (Va.)","Ramsey's Draft Wilderness (Va.)","Mountain Lake Wilderness Area (Va.)","Peters Mountain Wilderness Area (Va.)","Rich Hole Roadless Area (Va.)","George Washington National Forest (Va. and W. Va.)","Jefferson National Forest","Wilderness areas -- Virginia -- Management","Wilderness areas -- Law and legislation","Environmental protection -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Citizen participation","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Southern Region","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Virginia","Forest reserves -- Multiple use","Forest reserves -- Recreational use","Forest management","Wildlife management","Wildlife refuges -- United States -- Southern Region","Forest policy -- United States -- History","Forests and forestry -- History","Lobbying -- Law and legislation","Lobbyists -- United States","Wildlife conservationists -- Virginia","Maps (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","Proposals","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The front and back covers of the Dickerman wedding book are suffering from red rot. Overall, the book is particularly fragile and should be handled accordingly.","The collection is arranged in five series:","Places and Policies, 1962-2001\n      Correspondence and Personal Files, 1904-1999\n      Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969-2005\n      Maps, 1936-1991","\"Grandad of the Eastern Wilderness,\" Sierra Magazine, Nov/Dec, 1986.","Bolgiano, Chris. The Appalachian Forest, A Search for Roots and Renewal. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1998.","Murray, Elizabeth, ed. Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute. The Wilderness Society, 1999.","Ernest M. Dickerman was born December 22, 1910 to Judson Charles Dickerman (1873-1967) and Adela Miller Dickerman (1874-1920) in Austin, Illinois. His family moved to the Adirondacks in New York when Dickerman was three years old. When he was about six years old, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia where his mother died of tuberculosis when Dickerman was nine. Sometime later, the family moved to Roanoke. Dickerman attended Gettysburg Academy and Oberlin College (class of 1931). In 1934 he began working for the newly created Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in Knoxville, Tennessee. Immediately, he fell in love with the Great Smoky Mountains, met conservationist Harvey Broome, and became deeply involved in the battles to preserve the Great Smoky Mountains National Park from development. He was a 1936 charter member of The Wilderness Society and knew many of the greatest conservationists of the day, including Bob Marshall, Sigurd Olson, Olaus Murie, and Howard Zahniser.","After a few years at TVA, Dickerman took a job with a plastics molding firm (apparently called the Patent Button Co. of Tennessee), also in Knoxville. He retired from a position as production manager in 1966, and in 1969 moved to the headquarters office of The Wilderness Society in Washington, D.C. as a staff organizer. He traveled frequently to teach citizens how to identify, map, and build support for wilderness areas throughout the East and Midwest. He also lobbied Congress on numerous wilderness bills, wrestled with federal land managing agencies (Forest Service, National Park Service, Fish \u0026 Wildlife Service), and was highly instrumental in passage of the 1975 Eastern Wilderness Bill. During the 1960s Dickerman also served as manager for the Robert Marshall Wilderness Fund, as evidenced by a notebook of typed minutes from the first thirteen years of the Fund (established by the will of Robert Marshall), 1940-1953, in which are inserted several 1968 letters to and from Dickerman.","When he retired from The Wilderness Society in 1976 and moved to his nephew's newly acquired mountain farm near Buffalo Gap in Swoope, Augusta County, Virginia, he was almost immediately elected president of the Virginia Wilderness Committee. At that time he inherited the organization's files prior to 1976. The Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC) had been founded in Williamsburg at William \u0026 Mary College by a small group of private citizens in 1969 to promote the federal designation of wilderness in Virginia according to the 1964 Wilderness Act. The VWC also became involved in various other issues relevant to preservation of the natural landscape. VWC volunteers donate issues of the newsletter and occasional other VWC documents to keep these current in Dickerman's papers.","Although he held an official position in the VWC only until 1979, Dickerman was the guiding spirit in the movement for Virginia wilderness both before and long after those dates. He was widely renowned for his combination of optimism and canny strategizing, his politeness in dealing with adversaries, his sense of humor, wit, and wordsmithery. He died on July 31, 1998. In 1999, friends and colleagues produced a book of tributes titled Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 3085. The collection was minimally reprocessed in early 2018, at which time the finding aid to the Wilderness Society Papers at the Denver Public Library was removed and added to the collection control file. Accessions from 2018 and 2019, comprising primarily correspondence, were added to the collection in June 2022 at which time the finding aid was updated accordingly. Brittle newspapers and clippings with limited research value were discarded.","Wilderness Society Records, CoONS130, Conservation Collection, The Denver Pubilc Library.","Ernie Dickerman, interviewed by Dominic Pisciotta, 1994, Sd-Arch 6-3, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","The Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. These papers include correspondence, maps, field notes, reports, news clippings, wilderness proposals, minutes, financial statements, newsletters and other materials, 1940 - current, with most materials dating 1962-1999. The collection documents Dickerman's activities as a leader of the movement to designate wilderness areas on public lands in the eastern United States under the Wilderness Act of 1964 and the Eastern Wilderness Act of 1975. Operating papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee, a grass roots conservation group of which Dickerman served as president for several years, are also included.","Papers from Dickerman's early life include correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army. Select correspondence and papers from immediate Dickerman family members are also included.","Series 1: Places and Policies, 1962-2001, contains maps, reports, conference agendas, environmental assessments, congressional testimony, and some correspondence dealing with specific places, topical issues, and policies of public land agencies. The Laurel Fork, Virginia folders hold the largest body of materials; Laurel Fork was Dickerman's favorite place in Virginia, and he worked intensively (and successfully) against a proposed gas line through it.","Series 2: Correspopndence and Personal Files, 1904-1999, includes carbon copies of Dickerman's outgoing letters, original incoming letters, notebooks, texts for speeches, data sheets he composed about various issues, and other items. Select correspondence and V-mail was written by Dickerman to his father while Dickerman was serving in the U.S. Army in the United States, England, and France, etc. during World War II. Correspondence also dates to Dickerman's days as a student at Oberlin College as well as his post-War years. He frequently mentions the books he's reading and searching for employment after graduation. Letters exchanged between other Dickerman family memebrs are also included.","One folder contains personal Christmas messages, biographical articles, obituaries, and remembrances. Judson Dickerman and Adele Miller Dickerman's wedding book includes photographs, lists of wedding invitees, and gifts received. A folder of family photographs also includes photos of Charles M. Schwab and his wife Eurana Dinkey Schwab. Their connection to the Dickermans is unclear.","Series 3: Virginia Wilderness Committee, 1969-2005, includes operational documents including minutes, financial reports, newsletters, Virginia Wilderness coalition notes, the 1984 Virginia Wilderness Bill, and wilderness proposals.","Series 4: Maps, 1936-1991, contains 25 maps described at an item level in the container list.","With lines probably indicating proposed wilderness.","Overlay with proposed wilderness boundaries.","With attached information.","With attached information.","With attached information.","With attached information.","A duplicate copy of Elizabeth Murray's, ed. Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute (The Wilderness Society, 1999) was removed from the collection and added to the Special Collections rare book holdings. A copy is also retained in the collection.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. Correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army is included.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence","Schwab, Charles M., 1862-1939","Schwab, Emma Eurana Dinkey, 1883-1939","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005"],"collection_ssim":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0143"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0143"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Saint Mary's Wilderness (Va.)","James River Face Wilderness Area (Va.)","Ramsey's Draft Wilderness (Va.)","Mountain Lake Wilderness Area (Va.)","Peters Mountain Wilderness Area (Va.)","Rich Hole Roadless Area (Va.)","George Washington National Forest (Va. and W. Va.)","Jefferson National Forest"],"geogname_ssim":["Saint Mary's Wilderness (Va.)","James River Face Wilderness Area (Va.)","Ramsey's Draft Wilderness (Va.)","Mountain Lake Wilderness Area (Va.)","Peters Mountain Wilderness Area (Va.)","Rich Hole Roadless Area (Va.)","George Washington National Forest (Va. and W. Va.)","Jefferson National Forest"],"places_ssim":["Saint Mary's Wilderness (Va.)","James River Face Wilderness Area (Va.)","Ramsey's Draft Wilderness (Va.)","Mountain Lake Wilderness Area (Va.)","Peters Mountain Wilderness Area (Va.)","Rich Hole Roadless Area (Va.)","George Washington National Forest (Va. and W. Va.)","Jefferson National Forest"],"creator_ssm":["Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998"],"creator_ssim":["Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence","Schwab, Charles M., 1862-1939","Schwab, Emma Eurana Dinkey, 1883-1939"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter"],"creators_ssim":["Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence","Schwab, Charles M., 1862-1939","Schwab, Emma Eurana Dinkey, 1883-1939","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Ernest M. Dickerman in November 1994. After Dickerman's death in 1998, several additions of papers were donated by his nephew and executor, C. Robert \"Bob\" Dickerman. Eleanor Dickerman, Ernest's half-sister, also donated an addition in 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Wilderness areas -- Virginia -- Management","Wilderness areas -- Law and legislation","Environmental protection -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Citizen participation","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Southern Region","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Virginia","Forest reserves -- Multiple use","Forest reserves -- Recreational use","Forest management","Wildlife management","Wildlife refuges -- United States -- Southern Region","Forest policy -- United States -- History","Forests and forestry -- History","Lobbying -- Law and legislation","Lobbyists -- United States","Wildlife conservationists -- Virginia","Maps (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","Proposals"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Wilderness areas -- Virginia -- Management","Wilderness areas -- Law and legislation","Environmental protection -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Citizen participation","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Southern Region","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Virginia","Forest reserves -- Multiple use","Forest reserves -- Recreational use","Forest management","Wildlife management","Wildlife refuges -- United States -- Southern Region","Forest policy -- United States -- History","Forests and forestry -- History","Lobbying -- Law and legislation","Lobbyists -- United States","Wildlife conservationists -- Virginia","Maps (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","Proposals"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5.41 cubic feet 6 boxes, 1 rolled storage container, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["5.41 cubic feet 6 boxes, 1 rolled storage container, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Maps (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","Proposals"],"date_range_isim":[1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe front and back covers of the Dickerman wedding book are suffering from red rot. Overall, the book is particularly fragile and should be handled accordingly.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The front and back covers of the Dickerman wedding book are suffering from red rot. Overall, the book is particularly fragile and should be handled accordingly."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in five series:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePlaces and Policies, 1962-2001\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence and Personal Files, 1904-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eVirginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969-2005\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMaps, 1936-1991\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in five series:","Places and Policies, 1962-2001\n      Correspondence and Personal Files, 1904-1999\n      Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969-2005\n      Maps, 1936-1991"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\"Grandad of the Eastern Wilderness,\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSierra Magazine\u003c/emph\u003e, Nov/Dec, 1986.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eBolgiano, Chris. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Appalachian Forest, A Search for Roots and Renewal\u003c/emph\u003e. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1998. \u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eMurray, Elizabeth, ed. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eErnie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute\u003c/emph\u003e. The Wilderness Society, 1999.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Grandad of the Eastern Wilderness,\" Sierra Magazine, Nov/Dec, 1986.","Bolgiano, Chris. The Appalachian Forest, A Search for Roots and Renewal. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1998.","Murray, Elizabeth, ed. Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute. The Wilderness Society, 1999."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eErnest M. Dickerman was born December 22, 1910 to Judson Charles Dickerman (1873-1967) and Adela Miller Dickerman (1874-1920) in Austin, Illinois. His family moved to the Adirondacks in New York when Dickerman was three years old. When he was about six years old, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia where his mother died of tuberculosis when Dickerman was nine. Sometime later, the family moved to Roanoke. Dickerman attended Gettysburg Academy and Oberlin College (class of 1931). In 1934 he began working for the newly created Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in Knoxville, Tennessee. Immediately, he fell in love with the Great Smoky Mountains, met conservationist Harvey Broome, and became deeply involved in the battles to preserve the Great Smoky Mountains National Park from development. He was a 1936 charter member of The Wilderness Society and knew many of the greatest conservationists of the day, including Bob Marshall, Sigurd Olson, Olaus Murie, and Howard Zahniser.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter a few years at TVA, Dickerman took a job with a plastics molding firm (apparently called the Patent Button Co. of Tennessee), also in Knoxville. He retired from a position as production manager in 1966, and in 1969 moved to the headquarters office of The Wilderness Society in Washington, D.C. as a staff organizer. He traveled frequently to teach citizens how to identify, map, and build support for wilderness areas throughout the East and Midwest. He also lobbied Congress on numerous wilderness bills, wrestled with federal land managing agencies (Forest Service, National Park Service, Fish \u0026amp; Wildlife Service), and was highly instrumental in passage of the 1975 Eastern Wilderness Bill. During the 1960s Dickerman also served as manager for the Robert Marshall Wilderness Fund, as evidenced by a notebook of typed minutes from the first thirteen years of the Fund (established by the will of Robert Marshall), 1940-1953, in which are inserted several 1968 letters to and from Dickerman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen he retired from The Wilderness Society in 1976 and moved to his nephew's newly acquired mountain farm near Buffalo Gap in Swoope, Augusta County, Virginia, he was almost immediately elected president of the Virginia Wilderness Committee. At that time he inherited the organization's files prior to 1976. The Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC) had been founded in Williamsburg at William \u0026amp; Mary College by a small group of private citizens in 1969 to promote the federal designation of wilderness in Virginia according to the 1964 Wilderness Act. The VWC also became involved in various other issues relevant to preservation of the natural landscape. VWC volunteers donate issues of the newsletter and occasional other VWC documents to keep these current in Dickerman's papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough he held an official position in the VWC only until 1979, Dickerman was the guiding spirit in the movement for Virginia wilderness both before and long after those dates. He was widely renowned for his combination of optimism and canny strategizing, his politeness in dealing with adversaries, his sense of humor, wit, and wordsmithery. He died on July 31, 1998. In 1999, friends and colleagues produced a book of tributes titled \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eErnie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ernest M. Dickerman was born December 22, 1910 to Judson Charles Dickerman (1873-1967) and Adela Miller Dickerman (1874-1920) in Austin, Illinois. His family moved to the Adirondacks in New York when Dickerman was three years old. When he was about six years old, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia where his mother died of tuberculosis when Dickerman was nine. Sometime later, the family moved to Roanoke. Dickerman attended Gettysburg Academy and Oberlin College (class of 1931). In 1934 he began working for the newly created Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in Knoxville, Tennessee. Immediately, he fell in love with the Great Smoky Mountains, met conservationist Harvey Broome, and became deeply involved in the battles to preserve the Great Smoky Mountains National Park from development. He was a 1936 charter member of The Wilderness Society and knew many of the greatest conservationists of the day, including Bob Marshall, Sigurd Olson, Olaus Murie, and Howard Zahniser.","After a few years at TVA, Dickerman took a job with a plastics molding firm (apparently called the Patent Button Co. of Tennessee), also in Knoxville. He retired from a position as production manager in 1966, and in 1969 moved to the headquarters office of The Wilderness Society in Washington, D.C. as a staff organizer. He traveled frequently to teach citizens how to identify, map, and build support for wilderness areas throughout the East and Midwest. He also lobbied Congress on numerous wilderness bills, wrestled with federal land managing agencies (Forest Service, National Park Service, Fish \u0026 Wildlife Service), and was highly instrumental in passage of the 1975 Eastern Wilderness Bill. During the 1960s Dickerman also served as manager for the Robert Marshall Wilderness Fund, as evidenced by a notebook of typed minutes from the first thirteen years of the Fund (established by the will of Robert Marshall), 1940-1953, in which are inserted several 1968 letters to and from Dickerman.","When he retired from The Wilderness Society in 1976 and moved to his nephew's newly acquired mountain farm near Buffalo Gap in Swoope, Augusta County, Virginia, he was almost immediately elected president of the Virginia Wilderness Committee. At that time he inherited the organization's files prior to 1976. The Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC) had been founded in Williamsburg at William \u0026 Mary College by a small group of private citizens in 1969 to promote the federal designation of wilderness in Virginia according to the 1964 Wilderness Act. The VWC also became involved in various other issues relevant to preservation of the natural landscape. VWC volunteers donate issues of the newsletter and occasional other VWC documents to keep these current in Dickerman's papers.","Although he held an official position in the VWC only until 1979, Dickerman was the guiding spirit in the movement for Virginia wilderness both before and long after those dates. He was widely renowned for his combination of optimism and canny strategizing, his politeness in dealing with adversaries, his sense of humor, wit, and wordsmithery. He died on July 31, 1998. In 1999, friends and colleagues produced a book of tributes titled Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box # folder #], Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, SC 0143, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box # folder #], Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, SC 0143, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 3085.\u003c/emph\u003e The collection was minimally reprocessed in early 2018, at which time the finding aid to the Wilderness Society Papers at the Denver Public Library was removed and added to the collection control file. Accessions from 2018 and 2019, comprising primarily correspondence, were added to the collection in June 2022 at which time the finding aid was updated accordingly. Brittle newspapers and clippings with limited research value were discarded.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 3085. The collection was minimally reprocessed in early 2018, at which time the finding aid to the Wilderness Society Papers at the Denver Public Library was removed and added to the collection control file. Accessions from 2018 and 2019, comprising primarily correspondence, were added to the collection in June 2022 at which time the finding aid was updated accordingly. Brittle newspapers and clippings with limited research value were discarded."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilderness Society Records, CoONS130, Conservation Collection, The Denver Pubilc Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eErnie Dickerman, interviewed by Dominic Pisciotta, 1994, Sd-Arch 6-3, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Wilderness Society Records, CoONS130, Conservation Collection, The Denver Pubilc Library.","Ernie Dickerman, interviewed by Dominic Pisciotta, 1994, Sd-Arch 6-3, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. These papers include correspondence, maps, field notes, reports, news clippings, wilderness proposals, minutes, financial statements, newsletters and other materials, 1940 - current, with most materials dating 1962-1999. The collection documents Dickerman's activities as a leader of the movement to designate wilderness areas on public lands in the eastern United States under the Wilderness Act of 1964 and the Eastern Wilderness Act of 1975. Operating papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee, a grass roots conservation group of which Dickerman served as president for several years, are also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers from Dickerman's early life include correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army. Select correspondence and papers from immediate Dickerman family members are also included.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Places and Policies, 1962-2001, contains maps, reports, conference agendas, environmental assessments, congressional testimony, and some correspondence dealing with specific places, topical issues, and policies of public land agencies. The Laurel Fork, Virginia folders hold the largest body of materials; Laurel Fork was Dickerman's favorite place in Virginia, and he worked intensively (and successfully) against a proposed gas line through it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correspopndence and Personal Files, 1904-1999, includes carbon copies of Dickerman's outgoing letters, original incoming letters, notebooks, texts for speeches, data sheets he composed about various issues, and other items. Select correspondence and V-mail was written by Dickerman to his father while Dickerman was serving in the U.S. Army in the United States, England, and France, etc. during World War II. Correspondence also dates to Dickerman's days as a student at Oberlin College as well as his post-War years. He frequently mentions the books he's reading and searching for employment after graduation. Letters exchanged between other Dickerman family memebrs are also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne folder contains personal Christmas messages, biographical articles, obituaries, and remembrances. Judson Dickerman and Adele Miller Dickerman's wedding book includes photographs, lists of wedding invitees, and gifts received. A folder of family photographs also includes photos of Charles M. Schwab and his wife Eurana Dinkey Schwab. Their connection to the Dickermans is unclear.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Virginia Wilderness Committee, 1969-2005, includes operational documents including minutes, financial reports, newsletters, Virginia Wilderness coalition notes, the 1984 Virginia Wilderness Bill, and wilderness proposals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Maps, 1936-1991, contains 25 maps described at an item level in the container list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith lines probably indicating proposed wilderness.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOverlay with proposed wilderness boundaries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith attached information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith attached information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith attached information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith attached information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. These papers include correspondence, maps, field notes, reports, news clippings, wilderness proposals, minutes, financial statements, newsletters and other materials, 1940 - current, with most materials dating 1962-1999. The collection documents Dickerman's activities as a leader of the movement to designate wilderness areas on public lands in the eastern United States under the Wilderness Act of 1964 and the Eastern Wilderness Act of 1975. Operating papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee, a grass roots conservation group of which Dickerman served as president for several years, are also included.","Papers from Dickerman's early life include correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army. Select correspondence and papers from immediate Dickerman family members are also included.","Series 1: Places and Policies, 1962-2001, contains maps, reports, conference agendas, environmental assessments, congressional testimony, and some correspondence dealing with specific places, topical issues, and policies of public land agencies. The Laurel Fork, Virginia folders hold the largest body of materials; Laurel Fork was Dickerman's favorite place in Virginia, and he worked intensively (and successfully) against a proposed gas line through it.","Series 2: Correspopndence and Personal Files, 1904-1999, includes carbon copies of Dickerman's outgoing letters, original incoming letters, notebooks, texts for speeches, data sheets he composed about various issues, and other items. Select correspondence and V-mail was written by Dickerman to his father while Dickerman was serving in the U.S. Army in the United States, England, and France, etc. during World War II. Correspondence also dates to Dickerman's days as a student at Oberlin College as well as his post-War years. He frequently mentions the books he's reading and searching for employment after graduation. Letters exchanged between other Dickerman family memebrs are also included.","One folder contains personal Christmas messages, biographical articles, obituaries, and remembrances. Judson Dickerman and Adele Miller Dickerman's wedding book includes photographs, lists of wedding invitees, and gifts received. A folder of family photographs also includes photos of Charles M. Schwab and his wife Eurana Dinkey Schwab. Their connection to the Dickermans is unclear.","Series 3: Virginia Wilderness Committee, 1969-2005, includes operational documents including minutes, financial reports, newsletters, Virginia Wilderness coalition notes, the 1984 Virginia Wilderness Bill, and wilderness proposals.","Series 4: Maps, 1936-1991, contains 25 maps described at an item level in the container list.","With lines probably indicating proposed wilderness.","Overlay with proposed wilderness boundaries.","With attached information.","With attached information.","With attached information.","With attached information."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA duplicate copy of Elizabeth Murray's, ed. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eErnie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute\u003c/emph\u003e (The Wilderness Society, 1999) was removed from the collection and added to the Special Collections rare book holdings. A copy is also retained in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A duplicate copy of Elizabeth Murray's, ed. Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute (The Wilderness Society, 1999) was removed from the collection and added to the Special Collections rare book holdings. A copy is also retained in the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5b4566c87e7ff232a8bea389aa888ac7\"\u003eThe Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. Correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army is included.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. Correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army is included."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter"],"names_coll_ssim":["Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence"],"persname_ssim":["Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence","Schwab, Charles M., 1862-1939","Schwab, Emma Eurana Dinkey, 1883-1939"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence","Schwab, Charles M., 1862-1939","Schwab, Emma Eurana Dinkey, 1883-1939"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":127,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03_c09"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03_c10","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wilderness Proposals (folder 2 of 2), 1970/1979","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03_c10#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03_c10","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03_c10"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03_c10","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03","parent_ssim":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005","Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969/2005"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wilderness Proposals (folder 2 of 2)","title_ssm":["Wilderness Proposals (folder 2 of 2)"],"title_tesim":["Wilderness Proposals (folder 2 of 2)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wilderness Proposals (folder 2 of 2), 1970/1979"],"text":["Wilderness Proposals (folder 2 of 2), 1970/1979","Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005","Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969/2005","box 4","folder 3"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005","Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969/2005"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005","Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969/2005"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/1979"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970s"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":96,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005"],"containers_ssim":["box 4","folder 3"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#9","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_288","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_288.xml","title_ssm":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers"],"title_tesim":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1904-2005"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1904-2005"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1904/2005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005"],"text":["Ernest M. Dickerman papers, 1904/2005","SC 0143","Saint Mary's Wilderness (Va.)","James River Face Wilderness Area (Va.)","Ramsey's Draft Wilderness (Va.)","Mountain Lake Wilderness Area (Va.)","Peters Mountain Wilderness Area (Va.)","Rich Hole Roadless Area (Va.)","George Washington National Forest (Va. and W. Va.)","Jefferson National Forest","Wilderness areas -- Virginia -- Management","Wilderness areas -- Law and legislation","Environmental protection -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. 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Overall, the book is particularly fragile and should be handled accordingly.","The collection is arranged in five series:","Places and Policies, 1962-2001\n      Correspondence and Personal Files, 1904-1999\n      Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969-2005\n      Maps, 1936-1991","\"Grandad of the Eastern Wilderness,\" Sierra Magazine, Nov/Dec, 1986.","Bolgiano, Chris. The Appalachian Forest, A Search for Roots and Renewal. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1998.","Murray, Elizabeth, ed. Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute. The Wilderness Society, 1999.","Ernest M. Dickerman was born December 22, 1910 to Judson Charles Dickerman (1873-1967) and Adela Miller Dickerman (1874-1920) in Austin, Illinois. His family moved to the Adirondacks in New York when Dickerman was three years old. When he was about six years old, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia where his mother died of tuberculosis when Dickerman was nine. Sometime later, the family moved to Roanoke. Dickerman attended Gettysburg Academy and Oberlin College (class of 1931). In 1934 he began working for the newly created Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in Knoxville, Tennessee. Immediately, he fell in love with the Great Smoky Mountains, met conservationist Harvey Broome, and became deeply involved in the battles to preserve the Great Smoky Mountains National Park from development. He was a 1936 charter member of The Wilderness Society and knew many of the greatest conservationists of the day, including Bob Marshall, Sigurd Olson, Olaus Murie, and Howard Zahniser.","After a few years at TVA, Dickerman took a job with a plastics molding firm (apparently called the Patent Button Co. of Tennessee), also in Knoxville. He retired from a position as production manager in 1966, and in 1969 moved to the headquarters office of The Wilderness Society in Washington, D.C. as a staff organizer. He traveled frequently to teach citizens how to identify, map, and build support for wilderness areas throughout the East and Midwest. He also lobbied Congress on numerous wilderness bills, wrestled with federal land managing agencies (Forest Service, National Park Service, Fish \u0026 Wildlife Service), and was highly instrumental in passage of the 1975 Eastern Wilderness Bill. During the 1960s Dickerman also served as manager for the Robert Marshall Wilderness Fund, as evidenced by a notebook of typed minutes from the first thirteen years of the Fund (established by the will of Robert Marshall), 1940-1953, in which are inserted several 1968 letters to and from Dickerman.","When he retired from The Wilderness Society in 1976 and moved to his nephew's newly acquired mountain farm near Buffalo Gap in Swoope, Augusta County, Virginia, he was almost immediately elected president of the Virginia Wilderness Committee. At that time he inherited the organization's files prior to 1976. The Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC) had been founded in Williamsburg at William \u0026 Mary College by a small group of private citizens in 1969 to promote the federal designation of wilderness in Virginia according to the 1964 Wilderness Act. The VWC also became involved in various other issues relevant to preservation of the natural landscape. VWC volunteers donate issues of the newsletter and occasional other VWC documents to keep these current in Dickerman's papers.","Although he held an official position in the VWC only until 1979, Dickerman was the guiding spirit in the movement for Virginia wilderness both before and long after those dates. He was widely renowned for his combination of optimism and canny strategizing, his politeness in dealing with adversaries, his sense of humor, wit, and wordsmithery. He died on July 31, 1998. In 1999, friends and colleagues produced a book of tributes titled Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 3085. The collection was minimally reprocessed in early 2018, at which time the finding aid to the Wilderness Society Papers at the Denver Public Library was removed and added to the collection control file. Accessions from 2018 and 2019, comprising primarily correspondence, were added to the collection in June 2022 at which time the finding aid was updated accordingly. Brittle newspapers and clippings with limited research value were discarded.","Wilderness Society Records, CoONS130, Conservation Collection, The Denver Pubilc Library.","Ernie Dickerman, interviewed by Dominic Pisciotta, 1994, Sd-Arch 6-3, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","The Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. These papers include correspondence, maps, field notes, reports, news clippings, wilderness proposals, minutes, financial statements, newsletters and other materials, 1940 - current, with most materials dating 1962-1999. The collection documents Dickerman's activities as a leader of the movement to designate wilderness areas on public lands in the eastern United States under the Wilderness Act of 1964 and the Eastern Wilderness Act of 1975. Operating papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee, a grass roots conservation group of which Dickerman served as president for several years, are also included.","Papers from Dickerman's early life include correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army. Select correspondence and papers from immediate Dickerman family members are also included.","Series 1: Places and Policies, 1962-2001, contains maps, reports, conference agendas, environmental assessments, congressional testimony, and some correspondence dealing with specific places, topical issues, and policies of public land agencies. The Laurel Fork, Virginia folders hold the largest body of materials; Laurel Fork was Dickerman's favorite place in Virginia, and he worked intensively (and successfully) against a proposed gas line through it.","Series 2: Correspopndence and Personal Files, 1904-1999, includes carbon copies of Dickerman's outgoing letters, original incoming letters, notebooks, texts for speeches, data sheets he composed about various issues, and other items. Select correspondence and V-mail was written by Dickerman to his father while Dickerman was serving in the U.S. Army in the United States, England, and France, etc. during World War II. Correspondence also dates to Dickerman's days as a student at Oberlin College as well as his post-War years. He frequently mentions the books he's reading and searching for employment after graduation. Letters exchanged between other Dickerman family memebrs are also included.","One folder contains personal Christmas messages, biographical articles, obituaries, and remembrances. Judson Dickerman and Adele Miller Dickerman's wedding book includes photographs, lists of wedding invitees, and gifts received. A folder of family photographs also includes photos of Charles M. Schwab and his wife Eurana Dinkey Schwab. Their connection to the Dickermans is unclear.","Series 3: Virginia Wilderness Committee, 1969-2005, includes operational documents including minutes, financial reports, newsletters, Virginia Wilderness coalition notes, the 1984 Virginia Wilderness Bill, and wilderness proposals.","Series 4: Maps, 1936-1991, contains 25 maps described at an item level in the container list.","With lines probably indicating proposed wilderness.","Overlay with proposed wilderness boundaries.","With attached information.","With attached information.","With attached information.","With attached information.","A duplicate copy of Elizabeth Murray's, ed. Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute (The Wilderness Society, 1999) was removed from the collection and added to the Special Collections rare book holdings. A copy is also retained in the collection.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. Correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army is included.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. 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Va.)","Jefferson National Forest"],"geogname_ssim":["Saint Mary's Wilderness (Va.)","James River Face Wilderness Area (Va.)","Ramsey's Draft Wilderness (Va.)","Mountain Lake Wilderness Area (Va.)","Peters Mountain Wilderness Area (Va.)","Rich Hole Roadless Area (Va.)","George Washington National Forest (Va. and W. Va.)","Jefferson National Forest"],"places_ssim":["Saint Mary's Wilderness (Va.)","James River Face Wilderness Area (Va.)","Ramsey's Draft Wilderness (Va.)","Mountain Lake Wilderness Area (Va.)","Peters Mountain Wilderness Area (Va.)","Rich Hole Roadless Area (Va.)","George Washington National Forest (Va. and W. Va.)","Jefferson National Forest"],"creator_ssm":["Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998"],"creator_ssim":["Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence","Schwab, Charles M., 1862-1939","Schwab, Emma Eurana Dinkey, 1883-1939"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter"],"creators_ssim":["Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence","Schwab, Charles M., 1862-1939","Schwab, Emma Eurana Dinkey, 1883-1939","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Ernest M. Dickerman in November 1994. After Dickerman's death in 1998, several additions of papers were donated by his nephew and executor, C. Robert \"Bob\" Dickerman. Eleanor Dickerman, Ernest's half-sister, also donated an addition in 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Wilderness areas -- Virginia -- Management","Wilderness areas -- Law and legislation","Environmental protection -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Citizen participation","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Southern Region","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Virginia","Forest reserves -- Multiple use","Forest reserves -- Recreational use","Forest management","Wildlife management","Wildlife refuges -- United States -- Southern Region","Forest policy -- United States -- History","Forests and forestry -- History","Lobbying -- Law and legislation","Lobbyists -- United States","Wildlife conservationists -- Virginia","Maps (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","Proposals"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Wilderness areas -- Virginia -- Management","Wilderness areas -- Law and legislation","Environmental protection -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Citizen participation","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Southern Region","National parks and reserves -- United States -- Virginia","Forest reserves -- Multiple use","Forest reserves -- Recreational use","Forest management","Wildlife management","Wildlife refuges -- United States -- Southern Region","Forest policy -- United States -- History","Forests and forestry -- History","Lobbying -- Law and legislation","Lobbyists -- United States","Wildlife conservationists -- Virginia","Maps (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","Proposals"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5.41 cubic feet 6 boxes, 1 rolled storage container, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["5.41 cubic feet 6 boxes, 1 rolled storage container, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Maps (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","Proposals"],"date_range_isim":[1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe front and back covers of the Dickerman wedding book are suffering from red rot. Overall, the book is particularly fragile and should be handled accordingly.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The front and back covers of the Dickerman wedding book are suffering from red rot. Overall, the book is particularly fragile and should be handled accordingly."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in five series:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePlaces and Policies, 1962-2001\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence and Personal Files, 1904-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eVirginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969-2005\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMaps, 1936-1991\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in five series:","Places and Policies, 1962-2001\n      Correspondence and Personal Files, 1904-1999\n      Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), 1969-2005\n      Maps, 1936-1991"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\"Grandad of the Eastern Wilderness,\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSierra Magazine\u003c/emph\u003e, Nov/Dec, 1986.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eBolgiano, Chris. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Appalachian Forest, A Search for Roots and Renewal\u003c/emph\u003e. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1998. \u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eMurray, Elizabeth, ed. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eErnie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute\u003c/emph\u003e. The Wilderness Society, 1999.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Grandad of the Eastern Wilderness,\" Sierra Magazine, Nov/Dec, 1986.","Bolgiano, Chris. The Appalachian Forest, A Search for Roots and Renewal. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1998.","Murray, Elizabeth, ed. Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute. The Wilderness Society, 1999."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eErnest M. Dickerman was born December 22, 1910 to Judson Charles Dickerman (1873-1967) and Adela Miller Dickerman (1874-1920) in Austin, Illinois. His family moved to the Adirondacks in New York when Dickerman was three years old. When he was about six years old, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia where his mother died of tuberculosis when Dickerman was nine. Sometime later, the family moved to Roanoke. Dickerman attended Gettysburg Academy and Oberlin College (class of 1931). In 1934 he began working for the newly created Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in Knoxville, Tennessee. Immediately, he fell in love with the Great Smoky Mountains, met conservationist Harvey Broome, and became deeply involved in the battles to preserve the Great Smoky Mountains National Park from development. He was a 1936 charter member of The Wilderness Society and knew many of the greatest conservationists of the day, including Bob Marshall, Sigurd Olson, Olaus Murie, and Howard Zahniser.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter a few years at TVA, Dickerman took a job with a plastics molding firm (apparently called the Patent Button Co. of Tennessee), also in Knoxville. He retired from a position as production manager in 1966, and in 1969 moved to the headquarters office of The Wilderness Society in Washington, D.C. as a staff organizer. He traveled frequently to teach citizens how to identify, map, and build support for wilderness areas throughout the East and Midwest. He also lobbied Congress on numerous wilderness bills, wrestled with federal land managing agencies (Forest Service, National Park Service, Fish \u0026amp; Wildlife Service), and was highly instrumental in passage of the 1975 Eastern Wilderness Bill. During the 1960s Dickerman also served as manager for the Robert Marshall Wilderness Fund, as evidenced by a notebook of typed minutes from the first thirteen years of the Fund (established by the will of Robert Marshall), 1940-1953, in which are inserted several 1968 letters to and from Dickerman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen he retired from The Wilderness Society in 1976 and moved to his nephew's newly acquired mountain farm near Buffalo Gap in Swoope, Augusta County, Virginia, he was almost immediately elected president of the Virginia Wilderness Committee. At that time he inherited the organization's files prior to 1976. The Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC) had been founded in Williamsburg at William \u0026amp; Mary College by a small group of private citizens in 1969 to promote the federal designation of wilderness in Virginia according to the 1964 Wilderness Act. The VWC also became involved in various other issues relevant to preservation of the natural landscape. VWC volunteers donate issues of the newsletter and occasional other VWC documents to keep these current in Dickerman's papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough he held an official position in the VWC only until 1979, Dickerman was the guiding spirit in the movement for Virginia wilderness both before and long after those dates. He was widely renowned for his combination of optimism and canny strategizing, his politeness in dealing with adversaries, his sense of humor, wit, and wordsmithery. He died on July 31, 1998. In 1999, friends and colleagues produced a book of tributes titled \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eErnie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ernest M. Dickerman was born December 22, 1910 to Judson Charles Dickerman (1873-1967) and Adela Miller Dickerman (1874-1920) in Austin, Illinois. His family moved to the Adirondacks in New York when Dickerman was three years old. When he was about six years old, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia where his mother died of tuberculosis when Dickerman was nine. Sometime later, the family moved to Roanoke. Dickerman attended Gettysburg Academy and Oberlin College (class of 1931). In 1934 he began working for the newly created Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in Knoxville, Tennessee. Immediately, he fell in love with the Great Smoky Mountains, met conservationist Harvey Broome, and became deeply involved in the battles to preserve the Great Smoky Mountains National Park from development. He was a 1936 charter member of The Wilderness Society and knew many of the greatest conservationists of the day, including Bob Marshall, Sigurd Olson, Olaus Murie, and Howard Zahniser.","After a few years at TVA, Dickerman took a job with a plastics molding firm (apparently called the Patent Button Co. of Tennessee), also in Knoxville. He retired from a position as production manager in 1966, and in 1969 moved to the headquarters office of The Wilderness Society in Washington, D.C. as a staff organizer. He traveled frequently to teach citizens how to identify, map, and build support for wilderness areas throughout the East and Midwest. He also lobbied Congress on numerous wilderness bills, wrestled with federal land managing agencies (Forest Service, National Park Service, Fish \u0026 Wildlife Service), and was highly instrumental in passage of the 1975 Eastern Wilderness Bill. During the 1960s Dickerman also served as manager for the Robert Marshall Wilderness Fund, as evidenced by a notebook of typed minutes from the first thirteen years of the Fund (established by the will of Robert Marshall), 1940-1953, in which are inserted several 1968 letters to and from Dickerman.","When he retired from The Wilderness Society in 1976 and moved to his nephew's newly acquired mountain farm near Buffalo Gap in Swoope, Augusta County, Virginia, he was almost immediately elected president of the Virginia Wilderness Committee. At that time he inherited the organization's files prior to 1976. The Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC) had been founded in Williamsburg at William \u0026 Mary College by a small group of private citizens in 1969 to promote the federal designation of wilderness in Virginia according to the 1964 Wilderness Act. The VWC also became involved in various other issues relevant to preservation of the natural landscape. VWC volunteers donate issues of the newsletter and occasional other VWC documents to keep these current in Dickerman's papers.","Although he held an official position in the VWC only until 1979, Dickerman was the guiding spirit in the movement for Virginia wilderness both before and long after those dates. He was widely renowned for his combination of optimism and canny strategizing, his politeness in dealing with adversaries, his sense of humor, wit, and wordsmithery. He died on July 31, 1998. In 1999, friends and colleagues produced a book of tributes titled Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box # folder #], Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, SC 0143, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box # folder #], Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, SC 0143, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 3085.\u003c/emph\u003e The collection was minimally reprocessed in early 2018, at which time the finding aid to the Wilderness Society Papers at the Denver Public Library was removed and added to the collection control file. Accessions from 2018 and 2019, comprising primarily correspondence, were added to the collection in June 2022 at which time the finding aid was updated accordingly. Brittle newspapers and clippings with limited research value were discarded.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 3085. The collection was minimally reprocessed in early 2018, at which time the finding aid to the Wilderness Society Papers at the Denver Public Library was removed and added to the collection control file. Accessions from 2018 and 2019, comprising primarily correspondence, were added to the collection in June 2022 at which time the finding aid was updated accordingly. Brittle newspapers and clippings with limited research value were discarded."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilderness Society Records, CoONS130, Conservation Collection, The Denver Pubilc Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eErnie Dickerman, interviewed by Dominic Pisciotta, 1994, Sd-Arch 6-3, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Wilderness Society Records, CoONS130, Conservation Collection, The Denver Pubilc Library.","Ernie Dickerman, interviewed by Dominic Pisciotta, 1994, Sd-Arch 6-3, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. These papers include correspondence, maps, field notes, reports, news clippings, wilderness proposals, minutes, financial statements, newsletters and other materials, 1940 - current, with most materials dating 1962-1999. The collection documents Dickerman's activities as a leader of the movement to designate wilderness areas on public lands in the eastern United States under the Wilderness Act of 1964 and the Eastern Wilderness Act of 1975. Operating papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee, a grass roots conservation group of which Dickerman served as president for several years, are also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers from Dickerman's early life include correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army. Select correspondence and papers from immediate Dickerman family members are also included.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Places and Policies, 1962-2001, contains maps, reports, conference agendas, environmental assessments, congressional testimony, and some correspondence dealing with specific places, topical issues, and policies of public land agencies. The Laurel Fork, Virginia folders hold the largest body of materials; Laurel Fork was Dickerman's favorite place in Virginia, and he worked intensively (and successfully) against a proposed gas line through it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correspopndence and Personal Files, 1904-1999, includes carbon copies of Dickerman's outgoing letters, original incoming letters, notebooks, texts for speeches, data sheets he composed about various issues, and other items. Select correspondence and V-mail was written by Dickerman to his father while Dickerman was serving in the U.S. Army in the United States, England, and France, etc. during World War II. Correspondence also dates to Dickerman's days as a student at Oberlin College as well as his post-War years. He frequently mentions the books he's reading and searching for employment after graduation. Letters exchanged between other Dickerman family memebrs are also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne folder contains personal Christmas messages, biographical articles, obituaries, and remembrances. Judson Dickerman and Adele Miller Dickerman's wedding book includes photographs, lists of wedding invitees, and gifts received. A folder of family photographs also includes photos of Charles M. Schwab and his wife Eurana Dinkey Schwab. Their connection to the Dickermans is unclear.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Virginia Wilderness Committee, 1969-2005, includes operational documents including minutes, financial reports, newsletters, Virginia Wilderness coalition notes, the 1984 Virginia Wilderness Bill, and wilderness proposals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Maps, 1936-1991, contains 25 maps described at an item level in the container list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith lines probably indicating proposed wilderness.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOverlay with proposed wilderness boundaries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith attached information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith attached information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith attached information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith attached information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. These papers include correspondence, maps, field notes, reports, news clippings, wilderness proposals, minutes, financial statements, newsletters and other materials, 1940 - current, with most materials dating 1962-1999. The collection documents Dickerman's activities as a leader of the movement to designate wilderness areas on public lands in the eastern United States under the Wilderness Act of 1964 and the Eastern Wilderness Act of 1975. Operating papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee, a grass roots conservation group of which Dickerman served as president for several years, are also included.","Papers from Dickerman's early life include correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army. Select correspondence and papers from immediate Dickerman family members are also included.","Series 1: Places and Policies, 1962-2001, contains maps, reports, conference agendas, environmental assessments, congressional testimony, and some correspondence dealing with specific places, topical issues, and policies of public land agencies. The Laurel Fork, Virginia folders hold the largest body of materials; Laurel Fork was Dickerman's favorite place in Virginia, and he worked intensively (and successfully) against a proposed gas line through it.","Series 2: Correspopndence and Personal Files, 1904-1999, includes carbon copies of Dickerman's outgoing letters, original incoming letters, notebooks, texts for speeches, data sheets he composed about various issues, and other items. Select correspondence and V-mail was written by Dickerman to his father while Dickerman was serving in the U.S. Army in the United States, England, and France, etc. during World War II. Correspondence also dates to Dickerman's days as a student at Oberlin College as well as his post-War years. He frequently mentions the books he's reading and searching for employment after graduation. Letters exchanged between other Dickerman family memebrs are also included.","One folder contains personal Christmas messages, biographical articles, obituaries, and remembrances. Judson Dickerman and Adele Miller Dickerman's wedding book includes photographs, lists of wedding invitees, and gifts received. A folder of family photographs also includes photos of Charles M. Schwab and his wife Eurana Dinkey Schwab. Their connection to the Dickermans is unclear.","Series 3: Virginia Wilderness Committee, 1969-2005, includes operational documents including minutes, financial reports, newsletters, Virginia Wilderness coalition notes, the 1984 Virginia Wilderness Bill, and wilderness proposals.","Series 4: Maps, 1936-1991, contains 25 maps described at an item level in the container list.","With lines probably indicating proposed wilderness.","Overlay with proposed wilderness boundaries.","With attached information.","With attached information.","With attached information.","With attached information."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA duplicate copy of Elizabeth Murray's, ed. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eErnie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute\u003c/emph\u003e (The Wilderness Society, 1999) was removed from the collection and added to the Special Collections rare book holdings. A copy is also retained in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A duplicate copy of Elizabeth Murray's, ed. Ernie Dickerman, 1910-1998: A Tribute (The Wilderness Society, 1999) was removed from the collection and added to the Special Collections rare book holdings. A copy is also retained in the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5b4566c87e7ff232a8bea389aa888ac7\"\u003eThe Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. Correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army is included.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Ernest M. Dickerman Papers, 1904-2005, contain a wide variety of materials that document Dickerman's efforts to obtain Congressional designations of wilderness for various tracts of public land, primarily in Virginia. The collection also contains papers of the Virginia Wilderness Committee (VWC), a grass roots conservation group that Dickerman led. Correspondence from his time at Oberlin College and while serving in the Army is included."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter"],"names_coll_ssim":["Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence"],"persname_ssim":["Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence","Schwab, Charles M., 1862-1939","Schwab, Emma Eurana Dinkey, 1883-1939"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Wilderness Society (U.S.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act.)","United States. Forest Service -- History","Virginia Wilderness Committee","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1984.)","United States (Title of work: Wilderness Act of 1988.)","United States (Title of work: Eastern Wilderness Areas Act of 1975.)","Sierra Club. Virginia Chapter","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998","Dickerman, C. Robert (Charles Robert), 1936-2018","Dickerman, Eleanor F.","Cameron, Lynn","Dickerman, Ernest M. (Ernest Miller), 1910-1998 -- Correspondence","Schwab, Charles M., 1862-1939","Schwab, Emma Eurana Dinkey, 1883-1939"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":127,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_288_c03_c10"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_789","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William and Verdie Lindamood papers, 1957/1983","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_789#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Lindamood, William E. (William Edward), 1913-1998","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_789#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Papers comprising correspondence, cards, church records, and genealogical notes from the estate of Bill and Verdie Lindamood, Broadway, Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_789#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_789","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_789","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_789","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_789","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_789.xml","title_ssm":["William and Verdie Lindamood papers"],"title_tesim":["William and Verdie Lindamood papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1957-1983"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1957-1983"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1957/1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William and Verdie Lindamood papers, 1957/1983"],"text":["William and Verdie Lindamood papers, 1957/1983","SC 0408","/repositories/4/resources/789","Broadway (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Timberville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Farm management -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Church records and registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Families -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Church records","Letters (correspondence)","Estate records","Aerial photographs","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Financial documents with limited research value (multiples of bank statements, insurance policies, receipts, etc.) were not retained.","William \"Bill\" (1913-1998) and Verdie (1913-2003) Lindamood resided on North Mountain Road in Broadway, Virginia. The couple married in 1935. Verdie was a homemaker and Bill was employed as a carpenter. Both were members of Rader Lutheran Church in Timberville.","Donor purchased materials at a 2002 estate auction at the Lindamood home place located at 15797 North Mountain Road in Broadway, Virginia.","Papers from the estate of Bill and Verdie Lindamood, Broadway, Virginia comprise correspondence, holiday cards, church records from Rader Lutheran Church in Timberville, genealogical notes concerning the Crider and Orebaugh families, and documents related to the Lindamood farm including a 1957 aerial image of Little North Mountain in Broadway.","William Lindamood's mother was Laura Alice Orebaugh Lindamood and Verdie Lindamood's maiden name was Crider.","North Mountain Road (Rt. 613), Brocks Gap Road (Rt. 259), Vetters Road (Rt. 790), Runions Creek Road (Rt. 610), Chimney Rock VFW (Post 9660), Bennie's Beach, and multiple orchards are visible.","May have been captured by a governmental entity (e.g. U. S. Forest Service).","The Farmers and Merchants Bank of Rockingham Annual Report (1977) was separated from the collection and cataloged bibliographically.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Papers comprising correspondence, cards, church records, and genealogical notes from the estate of Bill and Verdie Lindamood, Broadway, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Lindamood, William E. (William Edward), 1913-1998","Lindamood, Verdie, 1913-2003","Keach, Jennifer A.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William and Verdie Lindamood papers, 1957/1983"],"collection_ssim":["William and Verdie Lindamood papers, 1957/1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0408","/repositories/4/resources/789"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0408","/repositories/4/resources/789"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Broadway (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Timberville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Broadway (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Timberville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"places_ssim":["Broadway (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Timberville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Lindamood, William E. (William Edward), 1913-1998","Lindamood, Verdie, 1913-2003","Keach, Jennifer A."],"creator_ssim":["Lindamood, William E. (William Edward), 1913-1998","Lindamood, Verdie, 1913-2003","Keach, Jennifer A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lindamood, William E. (William Edward), 1913-1998","Lindamood, Verdie, 1913-2003","Keach, Jennifer A."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"creators_ssim":["Lindamood, William E. (William Edward), 1913-1998","Lindamood, Verdie, 1913-2003","Keach, Jennifer A.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Jennifer Keach, former JMU Libraries faculty, in August 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Farm management -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Church records and registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Families -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Church records","Letters (correspondence)","Estate records","Aerial photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Farm management -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Church records and registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Families -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Church records","Letters (correspondence)","Estate records","Aerial photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.33 cubic feet 4 folders, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["0.33 cubic feet 4 folders, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Church records","Letters (correspondence)","Estate records","Aerial photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFinancial documents with limited research value (multiples of bank statements, insurance policies, receipts, etc.) were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Financial documents with limited research value (multiples of bank statements, insurance policies, receipts, etc.) were not retained."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \"Bill\" (1913-1998) and Verdie (1913-2003) Lindamood resided on North Mountain Road in Broadway, Virginia. The couple married in 1935. Verdie was a homemaker and Bill was employed as a carpenter. Both were members of Rader Lutheran Church in Timberville.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William \"Bill\" (1913-1998) and Verdie (1913-2003) Lindamood resided on North Mountain Road in Broadway, Virginia. The couple married in 1935. Verdie was a homemaker and Bill was employed as a carpenter. Both were members of Rader Lutheran Church in Timberville."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDonor purchased materials at a 2002 estate auction at the Lindamood home place located at 15797 North Mountain Road in Broadway, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Donor purchased materials at a 2002 estate auction at the Lindamood home place located at 15797 North Mountain Road in Broadway, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], William and Verdie Lindamood papers, 1957-1983, SC 0408, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], William and Verdie Lindamood papers, 1957-1983, SC 0408, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers from the estate of Bill and Verdie Lindamood, Broadway, Virginia comprise correspondence, holiday cards, church records from Rader Lutheran Church in Timberville, genealogical notes concerning the Crider and Orebaugh families, and documents related to the Lindamood farm including a 1957 aerial image of Little North Mountain in Broadway.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Lindamood's mother was Laura Alice Orebaugh Lindamood and Verdie Lindamood's maiden name was Crider.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorth Mountain Road (Rt. 613), Brocks Gap Road (Rt. 259), Vetters Road (Rt. 790), Runions Creek Road (Rt. 610), Chimney Rock VFW (Post 9660), Bennie's Beach, and multiple orchards are visible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMay have been captured by a governmental entity (e.g. U. S. Forest Service).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers from the estate of Bill and Verdie Lindamood, Broadway, Virginia comprise correspondence, holiday cards, church records from Rader Lutheran Church in Timberville, genealogical notes concerning the Crider and Orebaugh families, and documents related to the Lindamood farm including a 1957 aerial image of Little North Mountain in Broadway.","William Lindamood's mother was Laura Alice Orebaugh Lindamood and Verdie Lindamood's maiden name was Crider.","North Mountain Road (Rt. 613), Brocks Gap Road (Rt. 259), Vetters Road (Rt. 790), Runions Creek Road (Rt. 610), Chimney Rock VFW (Post 9660), Bennie's Beach, and multiple orchards are visible.","May have been captured by a governmental entity (e.g. U. S. Forest Service)."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Farmers and Merchants Bank of Rockingham Annual Report (1977) was separated from the collection and cataloged bibliographically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The Farmers and Merchants Bank of Rockingham Annual Report (1977) was separated from the collection and cataloged bibliographically."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6d7a4486b48b8c10b26be1fe84f4a004\"\u003ePapers comprising correspondence, cards, church records, and genealogical notes from the estate of Bill and Verdie Lindamood, Broadway, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Papers comprising correspondence, cards, church records, and genealogical notes from the estate of Bill and Verdie Lindamood, Broadway, Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Lindamood, William E. (William Edward), 1913-1998","Lindamood, Verdie, 1913-2003","Keach, Jennifer A."],"names_coll_ssim":["Keach, Jennifer A."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Lindamood, William E. (William Edward), 1913-1998","Lindamood, Verdie, 1913-2003","Keach, Jennifer A."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":5,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:58:12.526Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_789","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_789","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_789","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_789","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_789.xml","title_ssm":["William and Verdie Lindamood papers"],"title_tesim":["William and Verdie Lindamood papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1957-1983"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1957-1983"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1957/1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William and Verdie Lindamood papers, 1957/1983"],"text":["William and Verdie Lindamood papers, 1957/1983","SC 0408","/repositories/4/resources/789","Broadway (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Timberville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Farm management -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Church records and registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Families -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Church records","Letters (correspondence)","Estate records","Aerial photographs","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Financial documents with limited research value (multiples of bank statements, insurance policies, receipts, etc.) were not retained.","William \"Bill\" (1913-1998) and Verdie (1913-2003) Lindamood resided on North Mountain Road in Broadway, Virginia. The couple married in 1935. Verdie was a homemaker and Bill was employed as a carpenter. Both were members of Rader Lutheran Church in Timberville.","Donor purchased materials at a 2002 estate auction at the Lindamood home place located at 15797 North Mountain Road in Broadway, Virginia.","Papers from the estate of Bill and Verdie Lindamood, Broadway, Virginia comprise correspondence, holiday cards, church records from Rader Lutheran Church in Timberville, genealogical notes concerning the Crider and Orebaugh families, and documents related to the Lindamood farm including a 1957 aerial image of Little North Mountain in Broadway.","William Lindamood's mother was Laura Alice Orebaugh Lindamood and Verdie Lindamood's maiden name was Crider.","North Mountain Road (Rt. 613), Brocks Gap Road (Rt. 259), Vetters Road (Rt. 790), Runions Creek Road (Rt. 610), Chimney Rock VFW (Post 9660), Bennie's Beach, and multiple orchards are visible.","May have been captured by a governmental entity (e.g. U. S. Forest Service).","The Farmers and Merchants Bank of Rockingham Annual Report (1977) was separated from the collection and cataloged bibliographically.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Papers comprising correspondence, cards, church records, and genealogical notes from the estate of Bill and Verdie Lindamood, Broadway, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Lindamood, William E. (William Edward), 1913-1998","Lindamood, Verdie, 1913-2003","Keach, Jennifer A.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William and Verdie Lindamood papers, 1957/1983"],"collection_ssim":["William and Verdie Lindamood papers, 1957/1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0408","/repositories/4/resources/789"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0408","/repositories/4/resources/789"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Broadway (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Timberville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Broadway (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Timberville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"places_ssim":["Broadway (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Timberville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Lindamood, William E. (William Edward), 1913-1998","Lindamood, Verdie, 1913-2003","Keach, Jennifer A."],"creator_ssim":["Lindamood, William E. (William Edward), 1913-1998","Lindamood, Verdie, 1913-2003","Keach, Jennifer A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lindamood, William E. (William Edward), 1913-1998","Lindamood, Verdie, 1913-2003","Keach, Jennifer A."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"creators_ssim":["Lindamood, William E. (William Edward), 1913-1998","Lindamood, Verdie, 1913-2003","Keach, Jennifer A.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Jennifer Keach, former JMU Libraries faculty, in August 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Farm management -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Church records and registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Families -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Church records","Letters (correspondence)","Estate records","Aerial photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Farm management -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Church records and registers -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Families -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Church records","Letters (correspondence)","Estate records","Aerial photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.33 cubic feet 4 folders, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["0.33 cubic feet 4 folders, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Church records","Letters (correspondence)","Estate records","Aerial photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFinancial documents with limited research value (multiples of bank statements, insurance policies, receipts, etc.) were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Financial documents with limited research value (multiples of bank statements, insurance policies, receipts, etc.) were not retained."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \"Bill\" (1913-1998) and Verdie (1913-2003) Lindamood resided on North Mountain Road in Broadway, Virginia. The couple married in 1935. Verdie was a homemaker and Bill was employed as a carpenter. Both were members of Rader Lutheran Church in Timberville.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William \"Bill\" (1913-1998) and Verdie (1913-2003) Lindamood resided on North Mountain Road in Broadway, Virginia. The couple married in 1935. Verdie was a homemaker and Bill was employed as a carpenter. Both were members of Rader Lutheran Church in Timberville."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDonor purchased materials at a 2002 estate auction at the Lindamood home place located at 15797 North Mountain Road in Broadway, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Donor purchased materials at a 2002 estate auction at the Lindamood home place located at 15797 North Mountain Road in Broadway, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], William and Verdie Lindamood papers, 1957-1983, SC 0408, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], William and Verdie Lindamood papers, 1957-1983, SC 0408, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers from the estate of Bill and Verdie Lindamood, Broadway, Virginia comprise correspondence, holiday cards, church records from Rader Lutheran Church in Timberville, genealogical notes concerning the Crider and Orebaugh families, and documents related to the Lindamood farm including a 1957 aerial image of Little North Mountain in Broadway.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Lindamood's mother was Laura Alice Orebaugh Lindamood and Verdie Lindamood's maiden name was Crider.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorth Mountain Road (Rt. 613), Brocks Gap Road (Rt. 259), Vetters Road (Rt. 790), Runions Creek Road (Rt. 610), Chimney Rock VFW (Post 9660), Bennie's Beach, and multiple orchards are visible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMay have been captured by a governmental entity (e.g. U. S. Forest Service).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers from the estate of Bill and Verdie Lindamood, Broadway, Virginia comprise correspondence, holiday cards, church records from Rader Lutheran Church in Timberville, genealogical notes concerning the Crider and Orebaugh families, and documents related to the Lindamood farm including a 1957 aerial image of Little North Mountain in Broadway.","William Lindamood's mother was Laura Alice Orebaugh Lindamood and Verdie Lindamood's maiden name was Crider.","North Mountain Road (Rt. 613), Brocks Gap Road (Rt. 259), Vetters Road (Rt. 790), Runions Creek Road (Rt. 610), Chimney Rock VFW (Post 9660), Bennie's Beach, and multiple orchards are visible.","May have been captured by a governmental entity (e.g. U. S. Forest Service)."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Farmers and Merchants Bank of Rockingham Annual Report (1977) was separated from the collection and cataloged bibliographically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The Farmers and Merchants Bank of Rockingham Annual Report (1977) was separated from the collection and cataloged bibliographically."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6d7a4486b48b8c10b26be1fe84f4a004\"\u003ePapers comprising correspondence, cards, church records, and genealogical notes from the estate of Bill and Verdie Lindamood, Broadway, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Papers comprising correspondence, cards, church records, and genealogical notes from the estate of Bill and Verdie Lindamood, Broadway, Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Lindamood, William E. (William Edward), 1913-1998","Lindamood, Verdie, 1913-2003","Keach, Jennifer A."],"names_coll_ssim":["Keach, Jennifer A."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Lindamood, William E. (William Edward), 1913-1998","Lindamood, Verdie, 1913-2003","Keach, Jennifer A."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":5,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:58:12.526Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_789"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_408","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William Ingham Papers, 1945/2013","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_408#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_408#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection, consisting of 37.13 cubic feet (113 boxes), contains the professional and academic papers of Dr. William Ingham, professor emeritus of physics at James Madison University.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_408#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_408","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_408","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_408","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_408","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_408.xml","title_ssm":["William Ingham Papers"],"title_tesim":["William Ingham Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1945-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1945-2013"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1945/2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Ingham Papers, 1945/2013"],"text":["William Ingham Papers, 1945/2013","SC 0002","/repositories/4/resources/408","Education, Higher -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Universities and colleges -- Virginia -- History","Physics -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Universities and colleges -- Virginia -- Administration","Education -- Curricula","Education, Higher","Universities and colleges","Universities and colleges -- Faculty","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Newspaper clippings","Notebooks","Examinations (documents)","Syllabi","Lecture notes","Examination study guides","Transparencies","Maps (documents)","Exercises","Articles","Bibliographies","Timelines (chronologies)","Résumés (personnel records)","Evaluation","Scripts (documents)","Calendars (documents)","Business cards","Floppy disks","Audiocassettes","Compact discs","Awards","Faculty papers","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Digitization of media content is in-process as of August 2016. Access will be made available to content once digitization is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.","The collection is arranged in thirteen series. Series 2: Teaching and Coursework, Series 4: JMU Departmental and JMU Materials, and Series 8: Faculty for Responsible Change are arranged further into subseries. All series and subseries are arranged chronologically with the exception of Series 11: Reports and Series 12: Subject Files, which are arranged alphabetically. Note that within Series 8: Faculty for Responsible Change there are two subseries. Subseries 8.1 is arranged alphabetically and subseries 8.2 is arranged numerically by exhibit number. Series 13: Media is not arranged in any particular order.","Undergraduate and Graduate School Materials, 1965-1976\n      Teaching and Coursework, 1971-2013\n      Research and Scholarship, 1945-2013\n      JMU Departmental and JMU Materials, 1976-2012\n      Professional Development and Activities, 1958-2011\n      Physics Miscellaneous, 1970-2005\n      Chronological Files, 1986-2013\n      Faculty for Responsible Change, 1993-2008\n      General Education, 1993-1998\n      Physics Program Review, 1990-1999\n      Reports, 1989-1996\n      Subject Files, 1992-2013\n      Media, 1999-2004","William Herbert Ingham, a distinguished member of the James Madison University Physics faculty for over three decades, was born November 29, 1947 in Rochester, New York. He received his S.B. (Scientiae Baccalaureus) in Physics from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1968 and went on to complete his M.S. in astronomy from California Institute of Technology (Caltech) in 1969. Ingham returned to MIT and received his Ph.D. in Astrophysics in 1976. Dr. Ingham began teaching at JMU in September 1976 and remained a member of the Physics faculty until his retirement in July 2010.","During his tenure at JMU, Dr. Ingham served as head of the Physics Department from 1986 to 1989 and also served in an acting role as Associate Dean/Acting Dean, Letters and Sciences (1989-1990) and Assistant Vice President for Academic Affairs (1990-1991). Dr. Ingham's accomplishments related to furthering the science curriculum are numerous. He taught over thirty discrete Physics courses as well as courses in many other disciplines such as chemistry and math and championed a new computational science concentration. He also developed and taught four offerings of an introductory fluid mechanics course beginning the 1980-1980 academic year. In partnership with the History Department, Dr. Ingham was instrumental in creating the history of science curriculum first offered in the 1992-1993 academic year. Related material is located in the Teaching \u0026 Coursework series of this collection.","Dr. Ingham advocated for the Physics Department and the liberal studies program during university restructuring in the 1990s. He spoke out against Dr. Carrier and many others in the university administration for decisions made regarding academic restructuring and other tangentially related incidents. On the morning of Friday, January 13, 1995, Dr. Bethany Oberst, vice president for academic affairs announced restructuring plans which included moving math and sciences out of the College of Letters and Sciences and into the College of Integrated Science and Technology (CISAT) and merging the remainder of College of Letters and Sciences programs with the College of Communication and the Arts. Especially shocking to the university community and to Dr. Ingham and his colleagues was the announcement that Physics would be eliminated as a major. Throughout his papers, Dr. Ingham refers to the ensuing months and years at JMU, which included the aforementioned academic restructuring, and also a 1996 Honor Code \"fiasco\" during which administration quietly overturned an Honor Council decision, opposition by faculty and students to proposed general education curriculum, and quashed subpoenas originally served to Dr. Carrier and civic leader, Zane Showker, as part of the 1997 Jamie Raymond murder trial, as \"the troubles.\" Similar intentionally nebulous language describing these years can be found throughout materials in Series 7 through Series 12. These occurrences, particularly the plans for university restructuring, created conflict between the administration and faculty and resulted in the group, Faculty for Responsible Change (FRC), of which Dr. Ingham was a founding member. The Physics Department ultimately was kept intact and continues to be a thriving department and major at JMU.","Dr. Ingham was also an influential and involved faculty member beyond the Physics Department and beyond JMU. He served on the Faculty Handbook Task Force which was charged with editing the faculty handbook. This included editing and revising the expectations, rights and responsibilities of the faculty, and outlining the relationship between faculty members and the university. He also served on the Faculty Senate. Dr. Ingham was awarded the Distinguished Teaching Award for the College of Sciences and Mathematics for academic year 2002/2003. Recommended by the Council for International Exchange of Students (CIES) for a Lecturing/Research award under the 2004-2005 J. William Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Program. He was awarded a grant and subsequently spent the fall semester 2004 teaching Physics and conducting research at Acadia University in Nova Scotia, Canada as a faculty-in-residence.","Dr. Ingham was professionally active throughout his career, serving as a member of the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT), particularly the Chesapeake Section (CSAAPT), and Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society. He was a grader for Advanced Placement (AP) Physics examinations for several years. Between 1994 and 2000, Dr. Ingham served on the AP Physics Development Committee, a six-member national committee that writes the AP Physics examinations; he chaired the committee from 1997 to 2000.","Since retirement in 2010, Dr. Ingham has remained active in the JMU community as a member of the Faculty Emeriti Association and continues to lecture on topics relating to black holes and gravitational waves.","Along with all other media, the USB flash drive is in the process of being digitized (copied) as of August 2016. After digitization, the original drive was returned to the owner.","The donor's original order, including folder titles, were maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files and created discrete series. Limited preservation, including removal of rusty paper clips and brittle rubber bands, was performed on materials. When appropriate, notebooks have been disbound. Newspaper clippings have either been photocopied or interleaved with acid-free paper. At the request of the donor, series 7 through 12 were restricted and closed to researchers until September 18, 2020, three years after the death of Dr. Ronald Carrier.","Due to Federal laws regulating the privacy and use of student academic records (specifically the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, i.e. FERPA), material including but not limited to grades and grade books, marked papers, theses, class rosters, letters of recommendation, and instances of social security numbers or other unique identification numbers have been removed and returned to the donor. Many newspaper articles were photocopied and originals discarded. In some instances where entire newspaper issues were donated, the titles and dates of issues were recorded and originals were returned to donor. All media, regardless of original location in the organizational structure, has been removed to a single series.","James Leary Papers, 1984-2018, SC 0397, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Andrew Kohen Papers, 1977-2006, SC 0398, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","The William Ingham Papers (1945-2013), consisting of 37.13 cubic feet (113 boxes), contain the professional and academic papers of Dr. William Ingham, professor emeritus of physics at James Madison University. The materials chiefly relate to Dr. Ingham's tenure as a physics professor at JMU between 1976 and 2010, including lecture notes and PowerPoint presentations, homework assignments, syllabi, examinations and keys, and related course documents. Other materials relate to Ingham's scholarly pursuits both related and unrelated to physics including Dr. Ingham's research on James Madison and the sciences. Materials documenting Dr. Ingham's involvement in professional organizations and his commitment to professional development comprise a sizable portion of the collection. Much of the correspondence throughout the collection was generated using the VAX email system.","The second half of the collection, series 7 through 12, includes materials documenting the conflicts and controversial incidents Dr. Ingham encountered with the JMU administration during his time as a professor of physics at JMU. Specifically, these incidents include the controversial decision by JMU administration to restructure academic colleges and dissolve the Physics Department, a 1996 Honor Code \"fiasco\" during which administration quietly overturned an Honor Council decision, opposition by faculty and students to proposed general education curriculum, and quashed subpoenas originally served to Dr. Carrier and civic leader, Zane Showker, as part of the 1997 Jamie Raymond murder trial. At the request of the donor, the aforementioned series were restricted and closed to researchers until September 18, 2020, three years after the death of Dr. Ronald Carrier.","Arranged numerically by course number and then alphabetically.","This small series contains coursework and notes completed by William Ingham while he was an undergraduate and graduate student at MIT. Materials primarily comprise course notebooks and handwritten notes.","Arranged in two subseries. Series 2.1: Courses is arranged alphabetically by course number (beginning with physics) then numerically by course number. Series 2.2: General Teaching is arranged alphabetically.","This series, comprising the bulk of the collection, contains Dr. Ingham's teaching materials and coursework when he was a professor at James Madison University. Dr. Ingham taught throughout multiple departments. As such, his course material spans the subjects of physics, math, chemistry, computer science, history, liberal studies, and honors. Dr. Ingham was instrumental in creating courses on the history of science taught in the history department and taught many other liberal studies courses, including freshman seminar, women in science, and seminars in nuclear war. Included in these files are syllabi, tests, lectures, notes, handouts, homework assignments, and course evaluations for various classes throughout his career at JMU. This series also contains handouts and lecture materials not associated with specific courses. This series is organized into two subseries –2.1. Courses and 2.2. General Teaching – which separates the material related to specific courses from miscellaneous teaching materials not necessarily associated with one particular course.","Arranged alphabetically.","This series consists mostly of scholarly articles and handwritten notes by Dr. Ingham pertaining to his scholarly pursuits, some of which are not directly related to physics. Many of these scholarly articles have dates handwritten in the top left corner of the page, which indicate when he actually printed or used these articles. If no date was written on them, then the date of publication is used for description purposes. This series also contains correspondence between Ingham and various scholars about their work, such as edits for textbooks and book reviews. Dr. Ingham conducted much research on James Madison and the sciences; related documentation is included. Large collections of Wikipedia and other web page printouts were removed and given back to the donor.","Arranged in three subseries: 4.1. JMU Materials is arranged alphabetically, 4.2. Physics Department Materials is arranged alphabetically, and 4.3. Canadian Faculty Residency is arranged alphabetically.","This series contains information pertaining Dr. Ingham's role in the JMU community and the physics department specifically. Dr. Ingham's time spent as a faculty-in-residence at Acadia University in Nova Scotia, Canada is also well-documented. The JMU materials include papers from JMU sponsored events and Dr. Ingham's role in JMU task forces and committees. For example, Dr. Ingham played a pivotal role in editing the faculty handbook as a member of the Faculty Handbook Task Force; related materials are included. Also included in this series are annual departmental evaluations, Dr. Ingham's personal faculty evaluations and performance reviews, and information pertaining to Ingham's tenure application. Of particular interest are the materials (including photographs) related to Physics Teaching Resource Agents (PTRA) – a summer institute at JMU to train rural high school physics teachers. Documents related to visiting scholars, lecturers, including Isaac Asimov who spoke at the 1979 Arts and Sciences Symposium, and various grant proposals are contained within this series. Dr. Ingham was awarded a major grant funded by the Appalachia Education Laboratory entitled \"Interdisciplinary Science: Transforming Educational Experiences\" (ISTEE) \"to develop a college-level interdisciplinary physical science course that will satisfy JMU's general-education requirements and will be particularly appropriate for prospective middle school teachers.\" This series is organized into three subseries – 4.1. JMU Materials, 4.2. Physics Department Materials, and 4.3. Canadian Faculty Residency.","Arranged alphabetically by organization (where applicable) and then chronologically.","This series consists of materials related to Dr. Ingham's involvement in professional organizations other than JMU or the physics department. This includes scholarly conferences and workshops that he attended, lectures presented, certifications from non-JMU affiliated organizations, and copies of his resume. Organizations represented include the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT), the Chesapeake Section of the American Association of Physics Teachers (CSAAPT), the Virginia Academy of Science.","Arranged alphabetically.","This series contains material related to Dr. Ingham and physics, but does not necessarily fit within any of the other series. Included in this series are quotes, and comics, and personal correspondence.","Arranged chronologically.","This series makes up the bulk of the collection and represents a monthly filing system kept by the donor. The series begins with a file comprised of two documents explaining Dr. Ingham's reasons for collecting and donating material related to the unrest at JMU during the 1990s. These two documents provide insight into the materials found in all subsequent series. Materials from the earliest years of 1986 - 1990 are grouped into one file, with the years 1991 and 1992 each representing one file. Beginning with January 1993 through December 1998, a file is kept for each month of each year. Within that span of years a few months are missing, most likely because the creator did not have materials for those months. January 1995 and February 1995 are the largest files and contain significant amounts of material related to the January 13, 1995 announcement by the JMU administration that the Physics major would be discontinued and the Physics Department disbanded. Other months that contain large amounts of material are April 1996 – relating to the honor code incident, and April 1997 - relating to the quashed subpoenas of Dr. Carrier and Zane Showker for the Jamie Raymond murder trial. See Box 96, Folder 1 for Ingham's explanation of the order of the files that includes details about the major events documented. This file is duplicated in Series 12: Subject Files, Box 110, Folder 21. Also of interest is the nine-page document entitled \"NARRATIVE OF WILLIAM H. INGHAM'S ACTIVITIES AS A JMU FACULTY MEMBER WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO ACTIONS, STATEMENTS, AND DOCUMENTS WHICH MIGHT HAVE ANGERED PRESIDENT OF OTHER JMU ADMINISTRATORS\" found in folder May 1995 (Folder 1 of 2). Files entitled 1999-2001 and Miscellaneous Articles have been created by the archivist out of loose materials within the boxes. As many of the folders are titled by their date range, each folder title includes two date ranges: 1) the folder title itself as provided by the creator and 2) the date range of materials within the file which may include undated items.","Arranged in two sub-series. Series 8.1: Lawsuit Files is arranged alphabetically. Series 8.2: Exhibit Items is arranged numerically by exhibit number.","This series comprises materials related to the aftermath of the January 13, 1995 announcement of academic restructuring, specifically that the Physics Department and major would be eliminated along with ten faculty positions. Materials specifically concern the activities of the group Faculty for Responsible Change (FRC), of which Dr. Ingham was a member, including its lawsuit against the James Madison University Board of Visitors. The first two folders in this series contain materials – newspaper clippings, memoranda, correspondence, timelines – that put into context the January 13 announcement including the lead-up (move to restructure the university, Carrier appoints son Michael as assistant provost of CISAT) and details the immediate aftermath. The donor labeled items submitted as exhibits in the lawsuit FRC v. JMU Visitors numerically D1-D149. These exhibit items include memoranda, correspondence, and newspaper clippings. Subseries 8.1 is comprised of general lawsuit files and Subseries 8.2 is individually numbered exhibit items which include correspondence, newspaper clippings, etc.","Arranged chronologically.","The materials within the General Education series relate to the work of the General Education Committee, of which Ingham was a member from the committee's inception to its dissolution. The committee was established in February 1994, after the Liberal Studies Review Committee completed an external review of the Liberal Studies Program and suggested the establishment of a committee to complete an in-depth examination of the Liberal Studies Program and to make suggestions for modifications to the program as a part of the larger restructuring taking place at JMU. See folder GENED January 1994 for the initial report of the Liberal Studies Review Committee, and folder GENED May 1994 for a history of the General Education Committee. Materials in this series include meeting minutes and agendas from the General Education Committee, email and written communications among committee members as well as members of the administration, print-outs of posts to the electronic bulletin board, planning documents, course proposals, and reports.","Originally, these materials were contained in several large folders labeled GENED and organized chronologically within the folders. For ease of use, the materials were kept in the original order, but organized into smaller folders by month and year. In addition to the GENED folders there are also several folders of material labeled topically. These were kept in original order and filed within the chronological arrangement.","Arranged chronologically.","Materials from this series relate to the Physics Department Academic Program Review (APR) that occurred following the January 13, 1995 announcement of the dissolution of the Physics Department and subsequent reinstatement of the major. Materials include documents used to create the Academic Program Review Report (for the full report see folder titled James Madison University Physics Department Academic Program Review, July 1995), email, and other communications about the APR, faculty meeting minutes, and reports. A large portion of this series consists of the surveys sent to Physics Departments at institutions identified as \"peer\" institutions to JMU. This series also includes the 1997 Physics Department Strategic Plan which addresses the August 1995 External Team Report on recommendations for change to the undergraduate Physics program. This report is contained in folder titled Program Review Information Packet: James Madison University Department of Physics February 21-22, 1999.","Arranged chronologically.","This series is comprised exclusively of reports relating to the charge issued by the Commonwealth of Virginia Commission on the University of the 21st Century to create innovative approaches to education in preparation for the inevitable influx of students expected to enter Virginia's higher education system in the coming century. JMU's response to this charge included a restructuring of academic programs and the creation of the College of Integrated Science and Technology (CISAT). These reports include Dr. Ingham's handwritten annotations. Portions are also marked as significant in some way with Post-It Notes. Of particular interest is the May 1989 Case Study of the Organizational Dynamics for Teaching and Learning prepared for the National Center for Research to Improve Postsecondary Teaching Learning (NCRIPTAL) at the University of Michigan. Dr. Ingham made extensive annotations to this report which comments on, among other things, the academic culture of JMU and particularly the role of Dr. Carrier and a few senior administrators.","Arranged alphabetically by folder title.","The Subject Files series represents the files within the collection that did not have any arrangement when received from the donor. See Box 110, Folder 21 for Ingham's explanation of the order of the files that includes details about the major events documented. This file is duplicated in Series 7: Chronological Files, Box 96, Folder 1. Most of the material within the Subject Files series relates to issues and events represented in the Chronological Files series. However, some files are of a general nature and relate to the day-to-day operations of the JMU Physics Department. These files are labeled topically and represent a variety of topics. Folders labeled CS-APPT refer to the Chesapeake Section of the American Association of Physics Teachers, of which Dr. Ingham was a member.","Materials cover topics including JMU's transition from liberal studies to a general education curriculum, the academic restructuring of the mid-1990s, faculty handbook revisions, satirical artwork prominently featuring Dr. Carrier, materials relating to Dr. Ingham's November 1998 presentation at the Chesapeake Section for the American Association of Physics Teachers (CSAAPT) entitled Trends in Baccalaureate Degree Production in Physics, and the Jamie Raymond murder trial. Materials related to the Raymond case include copies of court transcripts, written exhibits, other court documents, and an exhaustive and thorough collection of newspaper clippings.","Included in this series are a small number of folders labeled as Physics Department – G Chron. According to the creator, the \"G Chron\" refers to General Files – Chronological, and the label was added at a later date in a planned reorganization of the files by the creator that did not come to be. Because of the small number of these \"G Chron\" labeled folders, the archivist elected to arrange them alphabetically within the subject files series.","No particular arrangement.","This last series contains various types of media including one 3.5\" floppy disk, four compact discs, one audio cassette, and one USB flash drive (returned to donor). All media types are in the process of being digitized as of June 2016. Access to content will be made available once digitization is complete, barring any copyright or other use restrictions.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","This collection, consisting of 37.13 cubic feet (113 boxes), contains the professional and academic papers of Dr. William Ingham, professor emeritus of physics at James Madison University.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College","James Madison University","Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- Curricula","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- Curricula","Madison College -- Administration","James Madison University -- Administration","James Madison University. Department of Physics","Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Ingham Papers, 1945/2013"],"collection_ssim":["William Ingham Papers, 1945/2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0002","/repositories/4/resources/408"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0002","/repositories/4/resources/408"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-","Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-"],"creator_ssim":["Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-","Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College","James Madison University","Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- Curricula","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- Curricula","Madison College -- Administration","James Madison University -- Administration","James Madison University. Department of Physics"],"creators_ssim":["Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College","James Madison University","Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- Curricula","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- Curricula","Madison College -- Administration","James Madison University -- Administration","James Madison University. Department of Physics"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["William Ingham donated this collection to Special Collections in October 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Education, Higher -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Universities and colleges -- Virginia -- History","Physics -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Universities and colleges -- Virginia -- Administration","Education -- Curricula","Education, Higher","Universities and colleges","Universities and colleges -- Faculty","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Newspaper clippings","Notebooks","Examinations (documents)","Syllabi","Lecture notes","Examination study guides","Transparencies","Maps (documents)","Exercises","Articles","Bibliographies","Timelines (chronologies)","Résumés (personnel records)","Evaluation","Scripts (documents)","Calendars (documents)","Business cards","Floppy disks","Audiocassettes","Compact discs","Awards","Faculty papers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Education, Higher -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Universities and colleges -- Virginia -- History","Physics -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Universities and colleges -- Virginia -- Administration","Education -- Curricula","Education, Higher","Universities and colleges","Universities and colleges -- Faculty","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Newspaper clippings","Notebooks","Examinations (documents)","Syllabi","Lecture notes","Examination study guides","Transparencies","Maps (documents)","Exercises","Articles","Bibliographies","Timelines (chronologies)","Résumés (personnel records)","Evaluation","Scripts (documents)","Calendars (documents)","Business cards","Floppy disks","Audiocassettes","Compact discs","Awards","Faculty papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["37.13 cubic feet 113 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["37.13 cubic feet 113 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Newspaper clippings","Notebooks","Examinations (documents)","Syllabi","Lecture notes","Examination study guides","Transparencies","Maps (documents)","Exercises","Articles","Bibliographies","Timelines (chronologies)","Résumés (personnel records)","Evaluation","Scripts (documents)","Calendars (documents)","Business cards","Floppy disks","Audiocassettes","Compact discs","Awards","Faculty papers"],"date_range_isim":[1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigitization of media content is in-process as of August 2016. Access will be made available to content once digitization is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digitization of media content is in-process as of August 2016. Access will be made available to content once digitization is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in thirteen series. Series 2: Teaching and Coursework, Series 4: JMU Departmental and JMU Materials, and Series 8: Faculty for Responsible Change are arranged further into subseries. All series and subseries are arranged chronologically with the exception of Series 11: Reports and Series 12: Subject Files, which are arranged alphabetically. Note that within Series 8: Faculty for Responsible Change there are two subseries. Subseries 8.1 is arranged alphabetically and subseries 8.2 is arranged numerically by exhibit number. Series 13: Media is not arranged in any particular order.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eUndergraduate and Graduate School Materials, 1965-1976\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTeaching and Coursework, 1971-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eResearch and Scholarship, 1945-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eJMU Departmental and JMU Materials, 1976-2012\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eProfessional Development and Activities, 1958-2011\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhysics Miscellaneous, 1970-2005\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eChronological Files, 1986-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFaculty for Responsible Change, 1993-2008\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGeneral Education, 1993-1998\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhysics Program Review, 1990-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eReports, 1989-1996\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubject Files, 1992-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMedia, 1999-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in thirteen series. Series 2: Teaching and Coursework, Series 4: JMU Departmental and JMU Materials, and Series 8: Faculty for Responsible Change are arranged further into subseries. All series and subseries are arranged chronologically with the exception of Series 11: Reports and Series 12: Subject Files, which are arranged alphabetically. Note that within Series 8: Faculty for Responsible Change there are two subseries. Subseries 8.1 is arranged alphabetically and subseries 8.2 is arranged numerically by exhibit number. Series 13: Media is not arranged in any particular order.","Undergraduate and Graduate School Materials, 1965-1976\n      Teaching and Coursework, 1971-2013\n      Research and Scholarship, 1945-2013\n      JMU Departmental and JMU Materials, 1976-2012\n      Professional Development and Activities, 1958-2011\n      Physics Miscellaneous, 1970-2005\n      Chronological Files, 1986-2013\n      Faculty for Responsible Change, 1993-2008\n      General Education, 1993-1998\n      Physics Program Review, 1990-1999\n      Reports, 1989-1996\n      Subject Files, 1992-2013\n      Media, 1999-2004"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Herbert Ingham, a distinguished member of the James Madison University Physics faculty for over three decades, was born November 29, 1947 in Rochester, New York. He received his S.B. (Scientiae Baccalaureus) in Physics from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1968 and went on to complete his M.S. in astronomy from California Institute of Technology (Caltech) in 1969. Ingham returned to MIT and received his Ph.D. in Astrophysics in 1976. Dr. Ingham began teaching at JMU in September 1976 and remained a member of the Physics faculty until his retirement in July 2010.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his tenure at JMU, Dr. Ingham served as head of the Physics Department from 1986 to 1989 and also served in an acting role as Associate Dean/Acting Dean, Letters and Sciences (1989-1990) and Assistant Vice President for Academic Affairs (1990-1991). Dr. Ingham's accomplishments related to furthering the science curriculum are numerous. He taught over thirty discrete Physics courses as well as courses in many other disciplines such as chemistry and math and championed a new computational science concentration. He also developed and taught four offerings of an introductory fluid mechanics course beginning the 1980-1980 academic year. In partnership with the History Department, Dr. Ingham was instrumental in creating the history of science curriculum first offered in the 1992-1993 academic year. Related material is located in the Teaching \u0026amp; Coursework series of this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Ingham advocated for the Physics Department and the liberal studies program during university restructuring in the 1990s. He spoke out against Dr. Carrier and many others in the university administration for decisions made regarding academic restructuring and other tangentially related incidents. On the morning of Friday, January 13, 1995, Dr. Bethany Oberst, vice president for academic affairs announced restructuring plans which included moving math and sciences out of the College of Letters and Sciences and into the College of Integrated Science and Technology (CISAT) and merging the remainder of College of Letters and Sciences programs with the College of Communication and the Arts. Especially shocking to the university community and to Dr. Ingham and his colleagues was the announcement that Physics would be eliminated as a major. Throughout his papers, Dr. Ingham refers to the ensuing months and years at JMU, which included the aforementioned academic restructuring, and also a 1996 Honor Code \"fiasco\" during which administration quietly overturned an Honor Council decision, opposition by faculty and students to proposed general education curriculum, and quashed subpoenas originally served to Dr. Carrier and civic leader, Zane Showker, as part of the 1997 Jamie Raymond murder trial, as \"the troubles.\" Similar intentionally nebulous language describing these years can be found throughout materials in Series 7 through Series 12. These occurrences, particularly the plans for university restructuring, created conflict between the administration and faculty and resulted in the group, Faculty for Responsible Change (FRC), of which Dr. Ingham was a founding member. The Physics Department ultimately was kept intact and continues to be a thriving department and major at JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Ingham was also an influential and involved faculty member beyond the Physics Department and beyond JMU. He served on the Faculty Handbook Task Force which was charged with editing the faculty handbook. This included editing and revising the expectations, rights and responsibilities of the faculty, and outlining the relationship between faculty members and the university. He also served on the Faculty Senate. Dr. Ingham was awarded the Distinguished Teaching Award for the College of Sciences and Mathematics for academic year 2002/2003. Recommended by the Council for International Exchange of Students (CIES) for a Lecturing/Research award under the 2004-2005 J. William Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Program. He was awarded a grant and subsequently spent the fall semester 2004 teaching Physics and conducting research at Acadia University in Nova Scotia, Canada as a faculty-in-residence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Ingham was professionally active throughout his career, serving as a member of the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT), particularly the Chesapeake Section (CSAAPT), and Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society. He was a grader for Advanced Placement (AP) Physics examinations for several years. Between 1994 and 2000, Dr. Ingham served on the AP Physics Development Committee, a six-member national committee that writes the AP Physics examinations; he chaired the committee from 1997 to 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSince retirement in 2010, Dr. Ingham has remained active in the JMU community as a member of the Faculty Emeriti Association and continues to lecture on topics relating to black holes and gravitational waves.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Herbert Ingham, a distinguished member of the James Madison University Physics faculty for over three decades, was born November 29, 1947 in Rochester, New York. He received his S.B. (Scientiae Baccalaureus) in Physics from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1968 and went on to complete his M.S. in astronomy from California Institute of Technology (Caltech) in 1969. Ingham returned to MIT and received his Ph.D. in Astrophysics in 1976. Dr. Ingham began teaching at JMU in September 1976 and remained a member of the Physics faculty until his retirement in July 2010.","During his tenure at JMU, Dr. Ingham served as head of the Physics Department from 1986 to 1989 and also served in an acting role as Associate Dean/Acting Dean, Letters and Sciences (1989-1990) and Assistant Vice President for Academic Affairs (1990-1991). Dr. Ingham's accomplishments related to furthering the science curriculum are numerous. He taught over thirty discrete Physics courses as well as courses in many other disciplines such as chemistry and math and championed a new computational science concentration. He also developed and taught four offerings of an introductory fluid mechanics course beginning the 1980-1980 academic year. In partnership with the History Department, Dr. Ingham was instrumental in creating the history of science curriculum first offered in the 1992-1993 academic year. Related material is located in the Teaching \u0026 Coursework series of this collection.","Dr. Ingham advocated for the Physics Department and the liberal studies program during university restructuring in the 1990s. He spoke out against Dr. Carrier and many others in the university administration for decisions made regarding academic restructuring and other tangentially related incidents. On the morning of Friday, January 13, 1995, Dr. Bethany Oberst, vice president for academic affairs announced restructuring plans which included moving math and sciences out of the College of Letters and Sciences and into the College of Integrated Science and Technology (CISAT) and merging the remainder of College of Letters and Sciences programs with the College of Communication and the Arts. Especially shocking to the university community and to Dr. Ingham and his colleagues was the announcement that Physics would be eliminated as a major. Throughout his papers, Dr. Ingham refers to the ensuing months and years at JMU, which included the aforementioned academic restructuring, and also a 1996 Honor Code \"fiasco\" during which administration quietly overturned an Honor Council decision, opposition by faculty and students to proposed general education curriculum, and quashed subpoenas originally served to Dr. Carrier and civic leader, Zane Showker, as part of the 1997 Jamie Raymond murder trial, as \"the troubles.\" Similar intentionally nebulous language describing these years can be found throughout materials in Series 7 through Series 12. These occurrences, particularly the plans for university restructuring, created conflict between the administration and faculty and resulted in the group, Faculty for Responsible Change (FRC), of which Dr. Ingham was a founding member. The Physics Department ultimately was kept intact and continues to be a thriving department and major at JMU.","Dr. Ingham was also an influential and involved faculty member beyond the Physics Department and beyond JMU. He served on the Faculty Handbook Task Force which was charged with editing the faculty handbook. This included editing and revising the expectations, rights and responsibilities of the faculty, and outlining the relationship between faculty members and the university. He also served on the Faculty Senate. Dr. Ingham was awarded the Distinguished Teaching Award for the College of Sciences and Mathematics for academic year 2002/2003. Recommended by the Council for International Exchange of Students (CIES) for a Lecturing/Research award under the 2004-2005 J. William Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Program. He was awarded a grant and subsequently spent the fall semester 2004 teaching Physics and conducting research at Acadia University in Nova Scotia, Canada as a faculty-in-residence.","Dr. Ingham was professionally active throughout his career, serving as a member of the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT), particularly the Chesapeake Section (CSAAPT), and Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society. He was a grader for Advanced Placement (AP) Physics examinations for several years. Between 1994 and 2000, Dr. Ingham served on the AP Physics Development Committee, a six-member national committee that writes the AP Physics examinations; he chaired the committee from 1997 to 2000.","Since retirement in 2010, Dr. Ingham has remained active in the JMU community as a member of the Faculty Emeriti Association and continues to lecture on topics relating to black holes and gravitational waves."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlong with all other media, the USB flash drive is in the process of being digitized (copied) as of August 2016. After digitization, the original drive was returned to the owner.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Along with all other media, the USB flash drive is in the process of being digitized (copied) as of August 2016. After digitization, the original drive was returned to the owner."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], William Ingham Papers, 1945-2013, SC 0002, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], William Ingham Papers, 1945-2013, SC 0002, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe donor's original order, including folder titles, were maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files and created discrete series. Limited preservation, including removal of rusty paper clips and brittle rubber bands, was performed on materials. When appropriate, notebooks have been disbound. Newspaper clippings have either been photocopied or interleaved with acid-free paper. At the request of the donor, series 7 through 12 were restricted and closed to researchers until September 18, 2020, three years after the death of Dr. Ronald Carrier.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDue to Federal laws regulating the privacy and use of student academic records (specifically the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, i.e. FERPA), material including but not limited to grades and grade books, marked papers, theses, class rosters, letters of recommendation, and instances of social security numbers or other unique identification numbers have been removed and returned to the donor. Many newspaper articles were photocopied and originals discarded. In some instances where entire newspaper issues were donated, the titles and dates of issues were recorded and originals were returned to donor. All media, regardless of original location in the organizational structure, has been removed to a single series.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The donor's original order, including folder titles, were maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files and created discrete series. Limited preservation, including removal of rusty paper clips and brittle rubber bands, was performed on materials. When appropriate, notebooks have been disbound. Newspaper clippings have either been photocopied or interleaved with acid-free paper. At the request of the donor, series 7 through 12 were restricted and closed to researchers until September 18, 2020, three years after the death of Dr. Ronald Carrier.","Due to Federal laws regulating the privacy and use of student academic records (specifically the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, i.e. FERPA), material including but not limited to grades and grade books, marked papers, theses, class rosters, letters of recommendation, and instances of social security numbers or other unique identification numbers have been removed and returned to the donor. Many newspaper articles were photocopied and originals discarded. In some instances where entire newspaper issues were donated, the titles and dates of issues were recorded and originals were returned to donor. All media, regardless of original location in the organizational structure, has been removed to a single series."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Leary Papers, 1984-2018, SC 0397, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAndrew Kohen Papers, 1977-2006, SC 0398, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["James Leary Papers, 1984-2018, SC 0397, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Andrew Kohen Papers, 1977-2006, SC 0398, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe William Ingham Papers (1945-2013), consisting of 37.13 cubic feet (113 boxes), contain the professional and academic papers of Dr. William Ingham, professor emeritus of physics at James Madison University. The materials chiefly relate to Dr. Ingham's tenure as a physics professor at JMU between 1976 and 2010, including lecture notes and PowerPoint presentations, homework assignments, syllabi, examinations and keys, and related course documents. Other materials relate to Ingham's scholarly pursuits both related and unrelated to physics including Dr. Ingham's research on James Madison and the sciences. Materials documenting Dr. Ingham's involvement in professional organizations and his commitment to professional development comprise a sizable portion of the collection. Much of the correspondence throughout the collection was generated using the VAX email system.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second half of the collection, series 7 through 12, includes materials documenting the conflicts and controversial incidents Dr. Ingham encountered with the JMU administration during his time as a professor of physics at JMU. Specifically, these incidents include the controversial decision by JMU administration to restructure academic colleges and dissolve the Physics Department, a 1996 Honor Code \"fiasco\" during which administration quietly overturned an Honor Council decision, opposition by faculty and students to proposed general education curriculum, and quashed subpoenas originally served to Dr. Carrier and civic leader, Zane Showker, as part of the 1997 Jamie Raymond murder trial. At the request of the donor, the aforementioned series were restricted and closed to researchers until September 18, 2020, three years after the death of Dr. Ronald Carrier.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eArranged numerically by course number and then alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis small series contains coursework and notes completed by William Ingham while he was an undergraduate and graduate student at MIT. Materials primarily comprise course notebooks and handwritten notes.\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged in two subseries. Series 2.1: Courses is arranged alphabetically by course number (beginning with physics) then numerically by course number. Series 2.2: General Teaching is arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series, comprising the bulk of the collection, contains Dr. Ingham's teaching materials and coursework when he was a professor at James Madison University. Dr. Ingham taught throughout multiple departments. As such, his course material spans the subjects of physics, math, chemistry, computer science, history, liberal studies, and honors. Dr. Ingham was instrumental in creating courses on the history of science taught in the history department and taught many other liberal studies courses, including freshman seminar, women in science, and seminars in nuclear war. Included in these files are syllabi, tests, lectures, notes, handouts, homework assignments, and course evaluations for various classes throughout his career at JMU. This series also contains handouts and lecture materials not associated with specific courses. This series is organized into two subseries –2.1. Courses and 2.2. General Teaching – which separates the material related to specific courses from miscellaneous teaching materials not necessarily associated with one particular course. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists mostly of scholarly articles and handwritten notes by Dr. Ingham pertaining to his scholarly pursuits, some of which are not directly related to physics. Many of these scholarly articles have dates handwritten in the top left corner of the page, which indicate when he actually printed or used these articles. If no date was written on them, then the date of publication is used for description purposes. This series also contains correspondence between Ingham and various scholars about their work, such as edits for textbooks and book reviews. Dr. Ingham conducted much research on James Madison and the sciences; related documentation is included. Large collections of Wikipedia and other web page printouts were removed and given back to the donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged in three subseries: 4.1. JMU Materials is arranged alphabetically, 4.2. Physics Department Materials is arranged alphabetically, and 4.3. Canadian Faculty Residency is arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains information pertaining Dr. Ingham's role in the JMU community and the physics department specifically. Dr. Ingham's time spent as a faculty-in-residence at Acadia University in Nova Scotia, Canada is also well-documented. The JMU materials include papers from JMU sponsored events and Dr. Ingham's role in JMU task forces and committees. For example, Dr. Ingham played a pivotal role in editing the faculty handbook as a member of the Faculty Handbook Task Force; related materials are included. Also included in this series are annual departmental evaluations, Dr. Ingham's personal faculty evaluations and performance reviews, and information pertaining to Ingham's tenure application. Of particular interest are the materials (including photographs) related to Physics Teaching Resource Agents (PTRA) – a summer institute at JMU to train rural high school physics teachers. Documents related to visiting scholars, lecturers, including Isaac Asimov who spoke at the 1979 Arts and Sciences Symposium, and various grant proposals are contained within this series. Dr. Ingham was awarded a major grant funded by the Appalachia Education Laboratory entitled \"Interdisciplinary Science: Transforming Educational Experiences\" (ISTEE) \"to develop a college-level interdisciplinary physical science course that will satisfy JMU's general-education requirements and will be particularly appropriate for prospective middle school teachers.\" This series is organized into three subseries – 4.1. JMU Materials, 4.2. Physics Department Materials, and 4.3. Canadian Faculty Residency. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by organization (where applicable) and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of materials related to Dr. Ingham's involvement in professional organizations other than JMU or the physics department. This includes scholarly conferences and workshops that he attended, lectures presented, certifications from non-JMU affiliated organizations, and copies of his resume. Organizations represented include the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT), the Chesapeake Section of the American Association of Physics Teachers (CSAAPT), the Virginia Academy of Science.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material related to Dr. Ingham and physics, but does not necessarily fit within any of the other series. Included in this series are quotes, and comics, and personal correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series makes up the bulk of the collection and represents a monthly filing system kept by the donor. The series begins with a file comprised of two documents explaining Dr. Ingham's reasons for collecting and donating material related to the unrest at JMU during the 1990s. These two documents provide insight into the materials found in all subsequent series. Materials from the earliest years of 1986 - 1990 are grouped into one file, with the years 1991 and 1992 each representing one file. Beginning with January 1993 through December 1998, a file is kept for each month of each year. Within that span of years a few months are missing, most likely because the creator did not have materials for those months. January 1995 and February 1995 are the largest files and contain significant amounts of material related to the January 13, 1995 announcement by the JMU administration that the Physics major would be discontinued and the Physics Department disbanded. Other months that contain large amounts of material are April 1996 – relating to the honor code incident, and April 1997 - relating to the quashed subpoenas of Dr. Carrier and Zane Showker for the Jamie Raymond murder trial. See Box 96, Folder 1 for Ingham's explanation of the order of the files that includes details about the major events documented. This file is duplicated in Series 12: Subject Files, Box 110, Folder 21. Also of interest is the nine-page document entitled \"NARRATIVE OF WILLIAM H. INGHAM'S ACTIVITIES AS A JMU FACULTY MEMBER WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO ACTIONS, STATEMENTS, AND DOCUMENTS WHICH MIGHT HAVE ANGERED PRESIDENT OF OTHER JMU ADMINISTRATORS\" found in folder May 1995 (Folder 1 of 2). Files entitled 1999-2001 and Miscellaneous Articles have been created by the archivist out of loose materials within the boxes. As many of the folders are titled by their date range, each folder title includes two date ranges: 1) the folder title itself as provided by the creator and 2) the date range of materials within the file which may include undated items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged in two sub-series. Series 8.1: Lawsuit Files is arranged alphabetically. Series 8.2: Exhibit Items is arranged numerically by exhibit number.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series comprises materials related to the aftermath of the January 13, 1995 announcement of academic restructuring, specifically that the Physics Department and major would be eliminated along with ten faculty positions. Materials specifically concern the activities of the group Faculty for Responsible Change (FRC), of which Dr. Ingham was a member, including its lawsuit against the James Madison University Board of Visitors. The first two folders in this series contain materials – newspaper clippings, memoranda, correspondence, timelines – that put into context the January 13 announcement including the lead-up (move to restructure the university, Carrier appoints son Michael as assistant provost of CISAT) and details the immediate aftermath. The donor labeled items submitted as exhibits in the lawsuit FRC v. JMU Visitors numerically D1-D149. These exhibit items include memoranda, correspondence, and newspaper clippings. Subseries 8.1 is comprised of general lawsuit files and Subseries 8.2 is individually numbered exhibit items which include correspondence, newspaper clippings, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials within the General Education series relate to the work of the General Education Committee, of which Ingham was a member from the committee's inception to its dissolution. The committee was established in February 1994, after the Liberal Studies Review Committee completed an external review of the Liberal Studies Program and suggested the establishment of a committee to complete an in-depth examination of the Liberal Studies Program and to make suggestions for modifications to the program as a part of the larger restructuring taking place at JMU. See folder GENED January 1994 for the initial report of the Liberal Studies Review Committee, and folder GENED May 1994 for a history of the General Education Committee. Materials in this series include meeting minutes and agendas from the General Education Committee, email and written communications among committee members as well as members of the administration, print-outs of posts to the electronic bulletin board, planning documents, course proposals, and reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally, these materials were contained in several large folders labeled GENED and organized chronologically within the folders. For ease of use, the materials were kept in the original order, but organized into smaller folders by month and year. In addition to the GENED folders there are also several folders of material labeled topically. These were kept in original order and filed within the chronological arrangement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials from this series relate to the Physics Department Academic Program Review (APR) that occurred following the January 13, 1995 announcement of the dissolution of the Physics Department and subsequent reinstatement of the major. Materials include documents used to create the Academic Program Review Report (for the full report see folder titled James Madison University Physics Department Academic Program Review, July 1995), email, and other communications about the APR, faculty meeting minutes, and reports. A large portion of this series consists of the surveys sent to Physics Departments at institutions identified as \"peer\" institutions to JMU. This series also includes the 1997 Physics Department Strategic Plan which addresses the August 1995 External Team Report on recommendations for change to the undergraduate Physics program. This report is contained in folder titled Program Review Information Packet: James Madison University Department of Physics February 21-22, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised exclusively of reports relating to the charge issued by the Commonwealth of Virginia Commission on the University of the 21st Century to create innovative approaches to education in preparation for the inevitable influx of students expected to enter Virginia's higher education system in the coming century. JMU's response to this charge included a restructuring of academic programs and the creation of the College of Integrated Science and Technology (CISAT). These reports include Dr. Ingham's handwritten annotations. Portions are also marked as significant in some way with Post-It Notes. Of particular interest is the May 1989 Case Study of the Organizational Dynamics for Teaching and Learning prepared for the National Center for Research to Improve Postsecondary Teaching Learning (NCRIPTAL) at the University of Michigan. Dr. Ingham made extensive annotations to this report which comments on, among other things, the academic culture of JMU and particularly the role of Dr. Carrier and a few senior administrators.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by folder title.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Subject Files series represents the files within the collection that did not have any arrangement when received from the donor. See Box 110, Folder 21 for Ingham's explanation of the order of the files that includes details about the major events documented. This file is duplicated in Series 7: Chronological Files, Box 96, Folder 1. Most of the material within the Subject Files series relates to issues and events represented in the Chronological Files series. However, some files are of a general nature and relate to the day-to-day operations of the JMU Physics Department. These files are labeled topically and represent a variety of topics. Folders labeled CS-APPT refer to the Chesapeake Section of the American Association of Physics Teachers, of which Dr. Ingham was a member.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials cover topics including JMU's transition from liberal studies to a general education curriculum, the academic restructuring of the mid-1990s, faculty handbook revisions, satirical artwork prominently featuring Dr. Carrier, materials relating to Dr. Ingham's November 1998 presentation at the Chesapeake Section for the American Association of Physics Teachers (CSAAPT) entitled Trends in Baccalaureate Degree Production in Physics, and the Jamie Raymond murder trial. Materials related to the Raymond case include copies of court transcripts, written exhibits, other court documents, and an exhaustive and thorough collection of newspaper clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded in this series are a small number of folders labeled as Physics Department – G Chron. According to the creator, the \"G Chron\" refers to General Files – Chronological, and the label was added at a later date in a planned reorganization of the files by the creator that did not come to be. Because of the small number of these \"G Chron\" labeled folders, the archivist elected to arrange them alphabetically within the subject files series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo particular arrangement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis last series contains various types of media including one 3.5\" floppy disk, four compact discs, one audio cassette, and one USB flash drive (returned to donor). All media types are in the process of being digitized as of June 2016. Access to content will be made available once digitization is complete, barring any copyright or other use restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The William Ingham Papers (1945-2013), consisting of 37.13 cubic feet (113 boxes), contain the professional and academic papers of Dr. William Ingham, professor emeritus of physics at James Madison University. The materials chiefly relate to Dr. Ingham's tenure as a physics professor at JMU between 1976 and 2010, including lecture notes and PowerPoint presentations, homework assignments, syllabi, examinations and keys, and related course documents. Other materials relate to Ingham's scholarly pursuits both related and unrelated to physics including Dr. Ingham's research on James Madison and the sciences. Materials documenting Dr. Ingham's involvement in professional organizations and his commitment to professional development comprise a sizable portion of the collection. Much of the correspondence throughout the collection was generated using the VAX email system.","The second half of the collection, series 7 through 12, includes materials documenting the conflicts and controversial incidents Dr. Ingham encountered with the JMU administration during his time as a professor of physics at JMU. Specifically, these incidents include the controversial decision by JMU administration to restructure academic colleges and dissolve the Physics Department, a 1996 Honor Code \"fiasco\" during which administration quietly overturned an Honor Council decision, opposition by faculty and students to proposed general education curriculum, and quashed subpoenas originally served to Dr. Carrier and civic leader, Zane Showker, as part of the 1997 Jamie Raymond murder trial. At the request of the donor, the aforementioned series were restricted and closed to researchers until September 18, 2020, three years after the death of Dr. Ronald Carrier.","Arranged numerically by course number and then alphabetically.","This small series contains coursework and notes completed by William Ingham while he was an undergraduate and graduate student at MIT. Materials primarily comprise course notebooks and handwritten notes.","Arranged in two subseries. Series 2.1: Courses is arranged alphabetically by course number (beginning with physics) then numerically by course number. Series 2.2: General Teaching is arranged alphabetically.","This series, comprising the bulk of the collection, contains Dr. Ingham's teaching materials and coursework when he was a professor at James Madison University. Dr. Ingham taught throughout multiple departments. As such, his course material spans the subjects of physics, math, chemistry, computer science, history, liberal studies, and honors. Dr. Ingham was instrumental in creating courses on the history of science taught in the history department and taught many other liberal studies courses, including freshman seminar, women in science, and seminars in nuclear war. Included in these files are syllabi, tests, lectures, notes, handouts, homework assignments, and course evaluations for various classes throughout his career at JMU. This series also contains handouts and lecture materials not associated with specific courses. This series is organized into two subseries –2.1. Courses and 2.2. General Teaching – which separates the material related to specific courses from miscellaneous teaching materials not necessarily associated with one particular course.","Arranged alphabetically.","This series consists mostly of scholarly articles and handwritten notes by Dr. Ingham pertaining to his scholarly pursuits, some of which are not directly related to physics. Many of these scholarly articles have dates handwritten in the top left corner of the page, which indicate when he actually printed or used these articles. If no date was written on them, then the date of publication is used for description purposes. This series also contains correspondence between Ingham and various scholars about their work, such as edits for textbooks and book reviews. Dr. Ingham conducted much research on James Madison and the sciences; related documentation is included. Large collections of Wikipedia and other web page printouts were removed and given back to the donor.","Arranged in three subseries: 4.1. JMU Materials is arranged alphabetically, 4.2. Physics Department Materials is arranged alphabetically, and 4.3. Canadian Faculty Residency is arranged alphabetically.","This series contains information pertaining Dr. Ingham's role in the JMU community and the physics department specifically. Dr. Ingham's time spent as a faculty-in-residence at Acadia University in Nova Scotia, Canada is also well-documented. The JMU materials include papers from JMU sponsored events and Dr. Ingham's role in JMU task forces and committees. For example, Dr. Ingham played a pivotal role in editing the faculty handbook as a member of the Faculty Handbook Task Force; related materials are included. Also included in this series are annual departmental evaluations, Dr. Ingham's personal faculty evaluations and performance reviews, and information pertaining to Ingham's tenure application. Of particular interest are the materials (including photographs) related to Physics Teaching Resource Agents (PTRA) – a summer institute at JMU to train rural high school physics teachers. Documents related to visiting scholars, lecturers, including Isaac Asimov who spoke at the 1979 Arts and Sciences Symposium, and various grant proposals are contained within this series. Dr. Ingham was awarded a major grant funded by the Appalachia Education Laboratory entitled \"Interdisciplinary Science: Transforming Educational Experiences\" (ISTEE) \"to develop a college-level interdisciplinary physical science course that will satisfy JMU's general-education requirements and will be particularly appropriate for prospective middle school teachers.\" This series is organized into three subseries – 4.1. JMU Materials, 4.2. Physics Department Materials, and 4.3. Canadian Faculty Residency.","Arranged alphabetically by organization (where applicable) and then chronologically.","This series consists of materials related to Dr. Ingham's involvement in professional organizations other than JMU or the physics department. This includes scholarly conferences and workshops that he attended, lectures presented, certifications from non-JMU affiliated organizations, and copies of his resume. Organizations represented include the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT), the Chesapeake Section of the American Association of Physics Teachers (CSAAPT), the Virginia Academy of Science.","Arranged alphabetically.","This series contains material related to Dr. Ingham and physics, but does not necessarily fit within any of the other series. Included in this series are quotes, and comics, and personal correspondence.","Arranged chronologically.","This series makes up the bulk of the collection and represents a monthly filing system kept by the donor. The series begins with a file comprised of two documents explaining Dr. Ingham's reasons for collecting and donating material related to the unrest at JMU during the 1990s. These two documents provide insight into the materials found in all subsequent series. Materials from the earliest years of 1986 - 1990 are grouped into one file, with the years 1991 and 1992 each representing one file. Beginning with January 1993 through December 1998, a file is kept for each month of each year. Within that span of years a few months are missing, most likely because the creator did not have materials for those months. January 1995 and February 1995 are the largest files and contain significant amounts of material related to the January 13, 1995 announcement by the JMU administration that the Physics major would be discontinued and the Physics Department disbanded. Other months that contain large amounts of material are April 1996 – relating to the honor code incident, and April 1997 - relating to the quashed subpoenas of Dr. Carrier and Zane Showker for the Jamie Raymond murder trial. See Box 96, Folder 1 for Ingham's explanation of the order of the files that includes details about the major events documented. This file is duplicated in Series 12: Subject Files, Box 110, Folder 21. Also of interest is the nine-page document entitled \"NARRATIVE OF WILLIAM H. INGHAM'S ACTIVITIES AS A JMU FACULTY MEMBER WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO ACTIONS, STATEMENTS, AND DOCUMENTS WHICH MIGHT HAVE ANGERED PRESIDENT OF OTHER JMU ADMINISTRATORS\" found in folder May 1995 (Folder 1 of 2). Files entitled 1999-2001 and Miscellaneous Articles have been created by the archivist out of loose materials within the boxes. As many of the folders are titled by their date range, each folder title includes two date ranges: 1) the folder title itself as provided by the creator and 2) the date range of materials within the file which may include undated items.","Arranged in two sub-series. Series 8.1: Lawsuit Files is arranged alphabetically. Series 8.2: Exhibit Items is arranged numerically by exhibit number.","This series comprises materials related to the aftermath of the January 13, 1995 announcement of academic restructuring, specifically that the Physics Department and major would be eliminated along with ten faculty positions. Materials specifically concern the activities of the group Faculty for Responsible Change (FRC), of which Dr. Ingham was a member, including its lawsuit against the James Madison University Board of Visitors. The first two folders in this series contain materials – newspaper clippings, memoranda, correspondence, timelines – that put into context the January 13 announcement including the lead-up (move to restructure the university, Carrier appoints son Michael as assistant provost of CISAT) and details the immediate aftermath. The donor labeled items submitted as exhibits in the lawsuit FRC v. JMU Visitors numerically D1-D149. These exhibit items include memoranda, correspondence, and newspaper clippings. Subseries 8.1 is comprised of general lawsuit files and Subseries 8.2 is individually numbered exhibit items which include correspondence, newspaper clippings, etc.","Arranged chronologically.","The materials within the General Education series relate to the work of the General Education Committee, of which Ingham was a member from the committee's inception to its dissolution. The committee was established in February 1994, after the Liberal Studies Review Committee completed an external review of the Liberal Studies Program and suggested the establishment of a committee to complete an in-depth examination of the Liberal Studies Program and to make suggestions for modifications to the program as a part of the larger restructuring taking place at JMU. See folder GENED January 1994 for the initial report of the Liberal Studies Review Committee, and folder GENED May 1994 for a history of the General Education Committee. Materials in this series include meeting minutes and agendas from the General Education Committee, email and written communications among committee members as well as members of the administration, print-outs of posts to the electronic bulletin board, planning documents, course proposals, and reports.","Originally, these materials were contained in several large folders labeled GENED and organized chronologically within the folders. For ease of use, the materials were kept in the original order, but organized into smaller folders by month and year. In addition to the GENED folders there are also several folders of material labeled topically. These were kept in original order and filed within the chronological arrangement.","Arranged chronologically.","Materials from this series relate to the Physics Department Academic Program Review (APR) that occurred following the January 13, 1995 announcement of the dissolution of the Physics Department and subsequent reinstatement of the major. Materials include documents used to create the Academic Program Review Report (for the full report see folder titled James Madison University Physics Department Academic Program Review, July 1995), email, and other communications about the APR, faculty meeting minutes, and reports. A large portion of this series consists of the surveys sent to Physics Departments at institutions identified as \"peer\" institutions to JMU. This series also includes the 1997 Physics Department Strategic Plan which addresses the August 1995 External Team Report on recommendations for change to the undergraduate Physics program. This report is contained in folder titled Program Review Information Packet: James Madison University Department of Physics February 21-22, 1999.","Arranged chronologically.","This series is comprised exclusively of reports relating to the charge issued by the Commonwealth of Virginia Commission on the University of the 21st Century to create innovative approaches to education in preparation for the inevitable influx of students expected to enter Virginia's higher education system in the coming century. JMU's response to this charge included a restructuring of academic programs and the creation of the College of Integrated Science and Technology (CISAT). These reports include Dr. Ingham's handwritten annotations. Portions are also marked as significant in some way with Post-It Notes. Of particular interest is the May 1989 Case Study of the Organizational Dynamics for Teaching and Learning prepared for the National Center for Research to Improve Postsecondary Teaching Learning (NCRIPTAL) at the University of Michigan. Dr. Ingham made extensive annotations to this report which comments on, among other things, the academic culture of JMU and particularly the role of Dr. Carrier and a few senior administrators.","Arranged alphabetically by folder title.","The Subject Files series represents the files within the collection that did not have any arrangement when received from the donor. See Box 110, Folder 21 for Ingham's explanation of the order of the files that includes details about the major events documented. This file is duplicated in Series 7: Chronological Files, Box 96, Folder 1. Most of the material within the Subject Files series relates to issues and events represented in the Chronological Files series. However, some files are of a general nature and relate to the day-to-day operations of the JMU Physics Department. These files are labeled topically and represent a variety of topics. Folders labeled CS-APPT refer to the Chesapeake Section of the American Association of Physics Teachers, of which Dr. Ingham was a member.","Materials cover topics including JMU's transition from liberal studies to a general education curriculum, the academic restructuring of the mid-1990s, faculty handbook revisions, satirical artwork prominently featuring Dr. Carrier, materials relating to Dr. Ingham's November 1998 presentation at the Chesapeake Section for the American Association of Physics Teachers (CSAAPT) entitled Trends in Baccalaureate Degree Production in Physics, and the Jamie Raymond murder trial. Materials related to the Raymond case include copies of court transcripts, written exhibits, other court documents, and an exhaustive and thorough collection of newspaper clippings.","Included in this series are a small number of folders labeled as Physics Department – G Chron. According to the creator, the \"G Chron\" refers to General Files – Chronological, and the label was added at a later date in a planned reorganization of the files by the creator that did not come to be. Because of the small number of these \"G Chron\" labeled folders, the archivist elected to arrange them alphabetically within the subject files series.","No particular arrangement.","This last series contains various types of media including one 3.5\" floppy disk, four compact discs, one audio cassette, and one USB flash drive (returned to donor). All media types are in the process of being digitized as of June 2016. Access to content will be made available once digitization is complete, barring any copyright or other use restrictions."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4fc0b9076bb873eb0cfa73925d5ea616\"\u003eThis collection, consisting of 37.13 cubic feet (113 boxes), contains the professional and academic papers of Dr. William Ingham, professor emeritus of physics at James Madison University.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection, consisting of 37.13 cubic feet (113 boxes), contains the professional and academic papers of Dr. William Ingham, professor emeritus of physics at James Madison University."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College","James Madison University","Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- Curricula","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- Curricula","Madison College -- Administration","James Madison University -- Administration","James Madison University. Department of Physics"],"names_coll_ssim":["Madison College","James Madison University","Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- Curricula","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- Curricula","James Madison University -- Faculty","Madison College -- Administration","James Madison University -- Administration","James Madison University. Department of Physics","Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-"],"persname_ssim":["Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College","James Madison University","Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- Curricula","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- Curricula","Madison College -- Administration","James Madison University -- Administration","James Madison University. Department of Physics","Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1461,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_408","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_408","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_408","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_408","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_408.xml","title_ssm":["William Ingham Papers"],"title_tesim":["William Ingham Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1945-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1945-2013"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1945/2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Ingham Papers, 1945/2013"],"text":["William Ingham Papers, 1945/2013","SC 0002","/repositories/4/resources/408","Education, Higher -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Universities and colleges -- Virginia -- History","Physics -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Universities and colleges -- Virginia -- Administration","Education -- Curricula","Education, Higher","Universities and colleges","Universities and colleges -- Faculty","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Newspaper clippings","Notebooks","Examinations (documents)","Syllabi","Lecture notes","Examination study guides","Transparencies","Maps (documents)","Exercises","Articles","Bibliographies","Timelines (chronologies)","Résumés (personnel records)","Evaluation","Scripts (documents)","Calendars (documents)","Business cards","Floppy disks","Audiocassettes","Compact discs","Awards","Faculty papers","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Digitization of media content is in-process as of August 2016. Access will be made available to content once digitization is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.","The collection is arranged in thirteen series. Series 2: Teaching and Coursework, Series 4: JMU Departmental and JMU Materials, and Series 8: Faculty for Responsible Change are arranged further into subseries. All series and subseries are arranged chronologically with the exception of Series 11: Reports and Series 12: Subject Files, which are arranged alphabetically. Note that within Series 8: Faculty for Responsible Change there are two subseries. Subseries 8.1 is arranged alphabetically and subseries 8.2 is arranged numerically by exhibit number. Series 13: Media is not arranged in any particular order.","Undergraduate and Graduate School Materials, 1965-1976\n      Teaching and Coursework, 1971-2013\n      Research and Scholarship, 1945-2013\n      JMU Departmental and JMU Materials, 1976-2012\n      Professional Development and Activities, 1958-2011\n      Physics Miscellaneous, 1970-2005\n      Chronological Files, 1986-2013\n      Faculty for Responsible Change, 1993-2008\n      General Education, 1993-1998\n      Physics Program Review, 1990-1999\n      Reports, 1989-1996\n      Subject Files, 1992-2013\n      Media, 1999-2004","William Herbert Ingham, a distinguished member of the James Madison University Physics faculty for over three decades, was born November 29, 1947 in Rochester, New York. He received his S.B. (Scientiae Baccalaureus) in Physics from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1968 and went on to complete his M.S. in astronomy from California Institute of Technology (Caltech) in 1969. Ingham returned to MIT and received his Ph.D. in Astrophysics in 1976. Dr. Ingham began teaching at JMU in September 1976 and remained a member of the Physics faculty until his retirement in July 2010.","During his tenure at JMU, Dr. Ingham served as head of the Physics Department from 1986 to 1989 and also served in an acting role as Associate Dean/Acting Dean, Letters and Sciences (1989-1990) and Assistant Vice President for Academic Affairs (1990-1991). Dr. Ingham's accomplishments related to furthering the science curriculum are numerous. He taught over thirty discrete Physics courses as well as courses in many other disciplines such as chemistry and math and championed a new computational science concentration. He also developed and taught four offerings of an introductory fluid mechanics course beginning the 1980-1980 academic year. In partnership with the History Department, Dr. Ingham was instrumental in creating the history of science curriculum first offered in the 1992-1993 academic year. Related material is located in the Teaching \u0026 Coursework series of this collection.","Dr. Ingham advocated for the Physics Department and the liberal studies program during university restructuring in the 1990s. He spoke out against Dr. Carrier and many others in the university administration for decisions made regarding academic restructuring and other tangentially related incidents. On the morning of Friday, January 13, 1995, Dr. Bethany Oberst, vice president for academic affairs announced restructuring plans which included moving math and sciences out of the College of Letters and Sciences and into the College of Integrated Science and Technology (CISAT) and merging the remainder of College of Letters and Sciences programs with the College of Communication and the Arts. Especially shocking to the university community and to Dr. Ingham and his colleagues was the announcement that Physics would be eliminated as a major. Throughout his papers, Dr. Ingham refers to the ensuing months and years at JMU, which included the aforementioned academic restructuring, and also a 1996 Honor Code \"fiasco\" during which administration quietly overturned an Honor Council decision, opposition by faculty and students to proposed general education curriculum, and quashed subpoenas originally served to Dr. Carrier and civic leader, Zane Showker, as part of the 1997 Jamie Raymond murder trial, as \"the troubles.\" Similar intentionally nebulous language describing these years can be found throughout materials in Series 7 through Series 12. These occurrences, particularly the plans for university restructuring, created conflict between the administration and faculty and resulted in the group, Faculty for Responsible Change (FRC), of which Dr. Ingham was a founding member. The Physics Department ultimately was kept intact and continues to be a thriving department and major at JMU.","Dr. Ingham was also an influential and involved faculty member beyond the Physics Department and beyond JMU. He served on the Faculty Handbook Task Force which was charged with editing the faculty handbook. This included editing and revising the expectations, rights and responsibilities of the faculty, and outlining the relationship between faculty members and the university. He also served on the Faculty Senate. Dr. Ingham was awarded the Distinguished Teaching Award for the College of Sciences and Mathematics for academic year 2002/2003. Recommended by the Council for International Exchange of Students (CIES) for a Lecturing/Research award under the 2004-2005 J. William Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Program. He was awarded a grant and subsequently spent the fall semester 2004 teaching Physics and conducting research at Acadia University in Nova Scotia, Canada as a faculty-in-residence.","Dr. Ingham was professionally active throughout his career, serving as a member of the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT), particularly the Chesapeake Section (CSAAPT), and Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society. He was a grader for Advanced Placement (AP) Physics examinations for several years. Between 1994 and 2000, Dr. Ingham served on the AP Physics Development Committee, a six-member national committee that writes the AP Physics examinations; he chaired the committee from 1997 to 2000.","Since retirement in 2010, Dr. Ingham has remained active in the JMU community as a member of the Faculty Emeriti Association and continues to lecture on topics relating to black holes and gravitational waves.","Along with all other media, the USB flash drive is in the process of being digitized (copied) as of August 2016. After digitization, the original drive was returned to the owner.","The donor's original order, including folder titles, were maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files and created discrete series. Limited preservation, including removal of rusty paper clips and brittle rubber bands, was performed on materials. When appropriate, notebooks have been disbound. Newspaper clippings have either been photocopied or interleaved with acid-free paper. At the request of the donor, series 7 through 12 were restricted and closed to researchers until September 18, 2020, three years after the death of Dr. Ronald Carrier.","Due to Federal laws regulating the privacy and use of student academic records (specifically the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, i.e. FERPA), material including but not limited to grades and grade books, marked papers, theses, class rosters, letters of recommendation, and instances of social security numbers or other unique identification numbers have been removed and returned to the donor. Many newspaper articles were photocopied and originals discarded. In some instances where entire newspaper issues were donated, the titles and dates of issues were recorded and originals were returned to donor. All media, regardless of original location in the organizational structure, has been removed to a single series.","James Leary Papers, 1984-2018, SC 0397, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Andrew Kohen Papers, 1977-2006, SC 0398, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","The William Ingham Papers (1945-2013), consisting of 37.13 cubic feet (113 boxes), contain the professional and academic papers of Dr. William Ingham, professor emeritus of physics at James Madison University. The materials chiefly relate to Dr. Ingham's tenure as a physics professor at JMU between 1976 and 2010, including lecture notes and PowerPoint presentations, homework assignments, syllabi, examinations and keys, and related course documents. Other materials relate to Ingham's scholarly pursuits both related and unrelated to physics including Dr. Ingham's research on James Madison and the sciences. Materials documenting Dr. Ingham's involvement in professional organizations and his commitment to professional development comprise a sizable portion of the collection. Much of the correspondence throughout the collection was generated using the VAX email system.","The second half of the collection, series 7 through 12, includes materials documenting the conflicts and controversial incidents Dr. Ingham encountered with the JMU administration during his time as a professor of physics at JMU. Specifically, these incidents include the controversial decision by JMU administration to restructure academic colleges and dissolve the Physics Department, a 1996 Honor Code \"fiasco\" during which administration quietly overturned an Honor Council decision, opposition by faculty and students to proposed general education curriculum, and quashed subpoenas originally served to Dr. Carrier and civic leader, Zane Showker, as part of the 1997 Jamie Raymond murder trial. At the request of the donor, the aforementioned series were restricted and closed to researchers until September 18, 2020, three years after the death of Dr. Ronald Carrier.","Arranged numerically by course number and then alphabetically.","This small series contains coursework and notes completed by William Ingham while he was an undergraduate and graduate student at MIT. Materials primarily comprise course notebooks and handwritten notes.","Arranged in two subseries. Series 2.1: Courses is arranged alphabetically by course number (beginning with physics) then numerically by course number. Series 2.2: General Teaching is arranged alphabetically.","This series, comprising the bulk of the collection, contains Dr. Ingham's teaching materials and coursework when he was a professor at James Madison University. Dr. Ingham taught throughout multiple departments. As such, his course material spans the subjects of physics, math, chemistry, computer science, history, liberal studies, and honors. Dr. Ingham was instrumental in creating courses on the history of science taught in the history department and taught many other liberal studies courses, including freshman seminar, women in science, and seminars in nuclear war. Included in these files are syllabi, tests, lectures, notes, handouts, homework assignments, and course evaluations for various classes throughout his career at JMU. This series also contains handouts and lecture materials not associated with specific courses. This series is organized into two subseries –2.1. Courses and 2.2. General Teaching – which separates the material related to specific courses from miscellaneous teaching materials not necessarily associated with one particular course.","Arranged alphabetically.","This series consists mostly of scholarly articles and handwritten notes by Dr. Ingham pertaining to his scholarly pursuits, some of which are not directly related to physics. Many of these scholarly articles have dates handwritten in the top left corner of the page, which indicate when he actually printed or used these articles. If no date was written on them, then the date of publication is used for description purposes. This series also contains correspondence between Ingham and various scholars about their work, such as edits for textbooks and book reviews. Dr. Ingham conducted much research on James Madison and the sciences; related documentation is included. Large collections of Wikipedia and other web page printouts were removed and given back to the donor.","Arranged in three subseries: 4.1. JMU Materials is arranged alphabetically, 4.2. Physics Department Materials is arranged alphabetically, and 4.3. Canadian Faculty Residency is arranged alphabetically.","This series contains information pertaining Dr. Ingham's role in the JMU community and the physics department specifically. Dr. Ingham's time spent as a faculty-in-residence at Acadia University in Nova Scotia, Canada is also well-documented. The JMU materials include papers from JMU sponsored events and Dr. Ingham's role in JMU task forces and committees. For example, Dr. Ingham played a pivotal role in editing the faculty handbook as a member of the Faculty Handbook Task Force; related materials are included. Also included in this series are annual departmental evaluations, Dr. Ingham's personal faculty evaluations and performance reviews, and information pertaining to Ingham's tenure application. Of particular interest are the materials (including photographs) related to Physics Teaching Resource Agents (PTRA) – a summer institute at JMU to train rural high school physics teachers. Documents related to visiting scholars, lecturers, including Isaac Asimov who spoke at the 1979 Arts and Sciences Symposium, and various grant proposals are contained within this series. Dr. Ingham was awarded a major grant funded by the Appalachia Education Laboratory entitled \"Interdisciplinary Science: Transforming Educational Experiences\" (ISTEE) \"to develop a college-level interdisciplinary physical science course that will satisfy JMU's general-education requirements and will be particularly appropriate for prospective middle school teachers.\" This series is organized into three subseries – 4.1. JMU Materials, 4.2. Physics Department Materials, and 4.3. Canadian Faculty Residency.","Arranged alphabetically by organization (where applicable) and then chronologically.","This series consists of materials related to Dr. Ingham's involvement in professional organizations other than JMU or the physics department. This includes scholarly conferences and workshops that he attended, lectures presented, certifications from non-JMU affiliated organizations, and copies of his resume. Organizations represented include the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT), the Chesapeake Section of the American Association of Physics Teachers (CSAAPT), the Virginia Academy of Science.","Arranged alphabetically.","This series contains material related to Dr. Ingham and physics, but does not necessarily fit within any of the other series. Included in this series are quotes, and comics, and personal correspondence.","Arranged chronologically.","This series makes up the bulk of the collection and represents a monthly filing system kept by the donor. The series begins with a file comprised of two documents explaining Dr. Ingham's reasons for collecting and donating material related to the unrest at JMU during the 1990s. These two documents provide insight into the materials found in all subsequent series. Materials from the earliest years of 1986 - 1990 are grouped into one file, with the years 1991 and 1992 each representing one file. Beginning with January 1993 through December 1998, a file is kept for each month of each year. Within that span of years a few months are missing, most likely because the creator did not have materials for those months. January 1995 and February 1995 are the largest files and contain significant amounts of material related to the January 13, 1995 announcement by the JMU administration that the Physics major would be discontinued and the Physics Department disbanded. Other months that contain large amounts of material are April 1996 – relating to the honor code incident, and April 1997 - relating to the quashed subpoenas of Dr. Carrier and Zane Showker for the Jamie Raymond murder trial. See Box 96, Folder 1 for Ingham's explanation of the order of the files that includes details about the major events documented. This file is duplicated in Series 12: Subject Files, Box 110, Folder 21. Also of interest is the nine-page document entitled \"NARRATIVE OF WILLIAM H. INGHAM'S ACTIVITIES AS A JMU FACULTY MEMBER WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO ACTIONS, STATEMENTS, AND DOCUMENTS WHICH MIGHT HAVE ANGERED PRESIDENT OF OTHER JMU ADMINISTRATORS\" found in folder May 1995 (Folder 1 of 2). Files entitled 1999-2001 and Miscellaneous Articles have been created by the archivist out of loose materials within the boxes. As many of the folders are titled by their date range, each folder title includes two date ranges: 1) the folder title itself as provided by the creator and 2) the date range of materials within the file which may include undated items.","Arranged in two sub-series. Series 8.1: Lawsuit Files is arranged alphabetically. Series 8.2: Exhibit Items is arranged numerically by exhibit number.","This series comprises materials related to the aftermath of the January 13, 1995 announcement of academic restructuring, specifically that the Physics Department and major would be eliminated along with ten faculty positions. Materials specifically concern the activities of the group Faculty for Responsible Change (FRC), of which Dr. Ingham was a member, including its lawsuit against the James Madison University Board of Visitors. The first two folders in this series contain materials – newspaper clippings, memoranda, correspondence, timelines – that put into context the January 13 announcement including the lead-up (move to restructure the university, Carrier appoints son Michael as assistant provost of CISAT) and details the immediate aftermath. The donor labeled items submitted as exhibits in the lawsuit FRC v. JMU Visitors numerically D1-D149. These exhibit items include memoranda, correspondence, and newspaper clippings. Subseries 8.1 is comprised of general lawsuit files and Subseries 8.2 is individually numbered exhibit items which include correspondence, newspaper clippings, etc.","Arranged chronologically.","The materials within the General Education series relate to the work of the General Education Committee, of which Ingham was a member from the committee's inception to its dissolution. The committee was established in February 1994, after the Liberal Studies Review Committee completed an external review of the Liberal Studies Program and suggested the establishment of a committee to complete an in-depth examination of the Liberal Studies Program and to make suggestions for modifications to the program as a part of the larger restructuring taking place at JMU. See folder GENED January 1994 for the initial report of the Liberal Studies Review Committee, and folder GENED May 1994 for a history of the General Education Committee. Materials in this series include meeting minutes and agendas from the General Education Committee, email and written communications among committee members as well as members of the administration, print-outs of posts to the electronic bulletin board, planning documents, course proposals, and reports.","Originally, these materials were contained in several large folders labeled GENED and organized chronologically within the folders. For ease of use, the materials were kept in the original order, but organized into smaller folders by month and year. In addition to the GENED folders there are also several folders of material labeled topically. These were kept in original order and filed within the chronological arrangement.","Arranged chronologically.","Materials from this series relate to the Physics Department Academic Program Review (APR) that occurred following the January 13, 1995 announcement of the dissolution of the Physics Department and subsequent reinstatement of the major. Materials include documents used to create the Academic Program Review Report (for the full report see folder titled James Madison University Physics Department Academic Program Review, July 1995), email, and other communications about the APR, faculty meeting minutes, and reports. A large portion of this series consists of the surveys sent to Physics Departments at institutions identified as \"peer\" institutions to JMU. This series also includes the 1997 Physics Department Strategic Plan which addresses the August 1995 External Team Report on recommendations for change to the undergraduate Physics program. This report is contained in folder titled Program Review Information Packet: James Madison University Department of Physics February 21-22, 1999.","Arranged chronologically.","This series is comprised exclusively of reports relating to the charge issued by the Commonwealth of Virginia Commission on the University of the 21st Century to create innovative approaches to education in preparation for the inevitable influx of students expected to enter Virginia's higher education system in the coming century. JMU's response to this charge included a restructuring of academic programs and the creation of the College of Integrated Science and Technology (CISAT). These reports include Dr. Ingham's handwritten annotations. Portions are also marked as significant in some way with Post-It Notes. Of particular interest is the May 1989 Case Study of the Organizational Dynamics for Teaching and Learning prepared for the National Center for Research to Improve Postsecondary Teaching Learning (NCRIPTAL) at the University of Michigan. Dr. Ingham made extensive annotations to this report which comments on, among other things, the academic culture of JMU and particularly the role of Dr. Carrier and a few senior administrators.","Arranged alphabetically by folder title.","The Subject Files series represents the files within the collection that did not have any arrangement when received from the donor. See Box 110, Folder 21 for Ingham's explanation of the order of the files that includes details about the major events documented. This file is duplicated in Series 7: Chronological Files, Box 96, Folder 1. Most of the material within the Subject Files series relates to issues and events represented in the Chronological Files series. However, some files are of a general nature and relate to the day-to-day operations of the JMU Physics Department. These files are labeled topically and represent a variety of topics. Folders labeled CS-APPT refer to the Chesapeake Section of the American Association of Physics Teachers, of which Dr. Ingham was a member.","Materials cover topics including JMU's transition from liberal studies to a general education curriculum, the academic restructuring of the mid-1990s, faculty handbook revisions, satirical artwork prominently featuring Dr. Carrier, materials relating to Dr. Ingham's November 1998 presentation at the Chesapeake Section for the American Association of Physics Teachers (CSAAPT) entitled Trends in Baccalaureate Degree Production in Physics, and the Jamie Raymond murder trial. Materials related to the Raymond case include copies of court transcripts, written exhibits, other court documents, and an exhaustive and thorough collection of newspaper clippings.","Included in this series are a small number of folders labeled as Physics Department – G Chron. According to the creator, the \"G Chron\" refers to General Files – Chronological, and the label was added at a later date in a planned reorganization of the files by the creator that did not come to be. Because of the small number of these \"G Chron\" labeled folders, the archivist elected to arrange them alphabetically within the subject files series.","No particular arrangement.","This last series contains various types of media including one 3.5\" floppy disk, four compact discs, one audio cassette, and one USB flash drive (returned to donor). All media types are in the process of being digitized as of June 2016. Access to content will be made available once digitization is complete, barring any copyright or other use restrictions.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","This collection, consisting of 37.13 cubic feet (113 boxes), contains the professional and academic papers of Dr. William Ingham, professor emeritus of physics at James Madison University.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College","James Madison University","Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- Curricula","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- Curricula","Madison College -- Administration","James Madison University -- Administration","James Madison University. Department of Physics","Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Ingham Papers, 1945/2013"],"collection_ssim":["William Ingham Papers, 1945/2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0002","/repositories/4/resources/408"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0002","/repositories/4/resources/408"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-","Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-"],"creator_ssim":["Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-","Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College","James Madison University","Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- Curricula","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- Curricula","Madison College -- Administration","James Madison University -- Administration","James Madison University. Department of Physics"],"creators_ssim":["Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College","James Madison University","Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- Curricula","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- Curricula","Madison College -- Administration","James Madison University -- Administration","James Madison University. Department of Physics"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["William Ingham donated this collection to Special Collections in October 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Education, Higher -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Universities and colleges -- Virginia -- History","Physics -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Universities and colleges -- Virginia -- Administration","Education -- Curricula","Education, Higher","Universities and colleges","Universities and colleges -- Faculty","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Newspaper clippings","Notebooks","Examinations (documents)","Syllabi","Lecture notes","Examination study guides","Transparencies","Maps (documents)","Exercises","Articles","Bibliographies","Timelines (chronologies)","Résumés (personnel records)","Evaluation","Scripts (documents)","Calendars (documents)","Business cards","Floppy disks","Audiocassettes","Compact discs","Awards","Faculty papers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Education, Higher -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Universities and colleges -- Virginia -- History","Physics -- Study and teaching (Higher)","Universities and colleges -- Virginia -- Administration","Education -- Curricula","Education, Higher","Universities and colleges","Universities and colleges -- Faculty","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Newspaper clippings","Notebooks","Examinations (documents)","Syllabi","Lecture notes","Examination study guides","Transparencies","Maps (documents)","Exercises","Articles","Bibliographies","Timelines (chronologies)","Résumés (personnel records)","Evaluation","Scripts (documents)","Calendars (documents)","Business cards","Floppy disks","Audiocassettes","Compact discs","Awards","Faculty papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["37.13 cubic feet 113 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["37.13 cubic feet 113 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Newspaper clippings","Notebooks","Examinations (documents)","Syllabi","Lecture notes","Examination study guides","Transparencies","Maps (documents)","Exercises","Articles","Bibliographies","Timelines (chronologies)","Résumés (personnel records)","Evaluation","Scripts (documents)","Calendars (documents)","Business cards","Floppy disks","Audiocassettes","Compact discs","Awards","Faculty papers"],"date_range_isim":[1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigitization of media content is in-process as of August 2016. Access will be made available to content once digitization is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digitization of media content is in-process as of August 2016. Access will be made available to content once digitization is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in thirteen series. Series 2: Teaching and Coursework, Series 4: JMU Departmental and JMU Materials, and Series 8: Faculty for Responsible Change are arranged further into subseries. All series and subseries are arranged chronologically with the exception of Series 11: Reports and Series 12: Subject Files, which are arranged alphabetically. Note that within Series 8: Faculty for Responsible Change there are two subseries. Subseries 8.1 is arranged alphabetically and subseries 8.2 is arranged numerically by exhibit number. Series 13: Media is not arranged in any particular order.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eUndergraduate and Graduate School Materials, 1965-1976\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTeaching and Coursework, 1971-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eResearch and Scholarship, 1945-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eJMU Departmental and JMU Materials, 1976-2012\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eProfessional Development and Activities, 1958-2011\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhysics Miscellaneous, 1970-2005\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eChronological Files, 1986-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFaculty for Responsible Change, 1993-2008\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGeneral Education, 1993-1998\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhysics Program Review, 1990-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eReports, 1989-1996\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubject Files, 1992-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMedia, 1999-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in thirteen series. Series 2: Teaching and Coursework, Series 4: JMU Departmental and JMU Materials, and Series 8: Faculty for Responsible Change are arranged further into subseries. All series and subseries are arranged chronologically with the exception of Series 11: Reports and Series 12: Subject Files, which are arranged alphabetically. Note that within Series 8: Faculty for Responsible Change there are two subseries. Subseries 8.1 is arranged alphabetically and subseries 8.2 is arranged numerically by exhibit number. Series 13: Media is not arranged in any particular order.","Undergraduate and Graduate School Materials, 1965-1976\n      Teaching and Coursework, 1971-2013\n      Research and Scholarship, 1945-2013\n      JMU Departmental and JMU Materials, 1976-2012\n      Professional Development and Activities, 1958-2011\n      Physics Miscellaneous, 1970-2005\n      Chronological Files, 1986-2013\n      Faculty for Responsible Change, 1993-2008\n      General Education, 1993-1998\n      Physics Program Review, 1990-1999\n      Reports, 1989-1996\n      Subject Files, 1992-2013\n      Media, 1999-2004"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Herbert Ingham, a distinguished member of the James Madison University Physics faculty for over three decades, was born November 29, 1947 in Rochester, New York. He received his S.B. (Scientiae Baccalaureus) in Physics from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1968 and went on to complete his M.S. in astronomy from California Institute of Technology (Caltech) in 1969. Ingham returned to MIT and received his Ph.D. in Astrophysics in 1976. Dr. Ingham began teaching at JMU in September 1976 and remained a member of the Physics faculty until his retirement in July 2010.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his tenure at JMU, Dr. Ingham served as head of the Physics Department from 1986 to 1989 and also served in an acting role as Associate Dean/Acting Dean, Letters and Sciences (1989-1990) and Assistant Vice President for Academic Affairs (1990-1991). Dr. Ingham's accomplishments related to furthering the science curriculum are numerous. He taught over thirty discrete Physics courses as well as courses in many other disciplines such as chemistry and math and championed a new computational science concentration. He also developed and taught four offerings of an introductory fluid mechanics course beginning the 1980-1980 academic year. In partnership with the History Department, Dr. Ingham was instrumental in creating the history of science curriculum first offered in the 1992-1993 academic year. Related material is located in the Teaching \u0026amp; Coursework series of this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Ingham advocated for the Physics Department and the liberal studies program during university restructuring in the 1990s. He spoke out against Dr. Carrier and many others in the university administration for decisions made regarding academic restructuring and other tangentially related incidents. On the morning of Friday, January 13, 1995, Dr. Bethany Oberst, vice president for academic affairs announced restructuring plans which included moving math and sciences out of the College of Letters and Sciences and into the College of Integrated Science and Technology (CISAT) and merging the remainder of College of Letters and Sciences programs with the College of Communication and the Arts. Especially shocking to the university community and to Dr. Ingham and his colleagues was the announcement that Physics would be eliminated as a major. Throughout his papers, Dr. Ingham refers to the ensuing months and years at JMU, which included the aforementioned academic restructuring, and also a 1996 Honor Code \"fiasco\" during which administration quietly overturned an Honor Council decision, opposition by faculty and students to proposed general education curriculum, and quashed subpoenas originally served to Dr. Carrier and civic leader, Zane Showker, as part of the 1997 Jamie Raymond murder trial, as \"the troubles.\" Similar intentionally nebulous language describing these years can be found throughout materials in Series 7 through Series 12. These occurrences, particularly the plans for university restructuring, created conflict between the administration and faculty and resulted in the group, Faculty for Responsible Change (FRC), of which Dr. Ingham was a founding member. The Physics Department ultimately was kept intact and continues to be a thriving department and major at JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Ingham was also an influential and involved faculty member beyond the Physics Department and beyond JMU. He served on the Faculty Handbook Task Force which was charged with editing the faculty handbook. This included editing and revising the expectations, rights and responsibilities of the faculty, and outlining the relationship between faculty members and the university. He also served on the Faculty Senate. Dr. Ingham was awarded the Distinguished Teaching Award for the College of Sciences and Mathematics for academic year 2002/2003. Recommended by the Council for International Exchange of Students (CIES) for a Lecturing/Research award under the 2004-2005 J. William Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Program. He was awarded a grant and subsequently spent the fall semester 2004 teaching Physics and conducting research at Acadia University in Nova Scotia, Canada as a faculty-in-residence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Ingham was professionally active throughout his career, serving as a member of the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT), particularly the Chesapeake Section (CSAAPT), and Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society. He was a grader for Advanced Placement (AP) Physics examinations for several years. Between 1994 and 2000, Dr. Ingham served on the AP Physics Development Committee, a six-member national committee that writes the AP Physics examinations; he chaired the committee from 1997 to 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSince retirement in 2010, Dr. Ingham has remained active in the JMU community as a member of the Faculty Emeriti Association and continues to lecture on topics relating to black holes and gravitational waves.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Herbert Ingham, a distinguished member of the James Madison University Physics faculty for over three decades, was born November 29, 1947 in Rochester, New York. He received his S.B. (Scientiae Baccalaureus) in Physics from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1968 and went on to complete his M.S. in astronomy from California Institute of Technology (Caltech) in 1969. Ingham returned to MIT and received his Ph.D. in Astrophysics in 1976. Dr. Ingham began teaching at JMU in September 1976 and remained a member of the Physics faculty until his retirement in July 2010.","During his tenure at JMU, Dr. Ingham served as head of the Physics Department from 1986 to 1989 and also served in an acting role as Associate Dean/Acting Dean, Letters and Sciences (1989-1990) and Assistant Vice President for Academic Affairs (1990-1991). Dr. Ingham's accomplishments related to furthering the science curriculum are numerous. He taught over thirty discrete Physics courses as well as courses in many other disciplines such as chemistry and math and championed a new computational science concentration. He also developed and taught four offerings of an introductory fluid mechanics course beginning the 1980-1980 academic year. In partnership with the History Department, Dr. Ingham was instrumental in creating the history of science curriculum first offered in the 1992-1993 academic year. Related material is located in the Teaching \u0026 Coursework series of this collection.","Dr. Ingham advocated for the Physics Department and the liberal studies program during university restructuring in the 1990s. He spoke out against Dr. Carrier and many others in the university administration for decisions made regarding academic restructuring and other tangentially related incidents. On the morning of Friday, January 13, 1995, Dr. Bethany Oberst, vice president for academic affairs announced restructuring plans which included moving math and sciences out of the College of Letters and Sciences and into the College of Integrated Science and Technology (CISAT) and merging the remainder of College of Letters and Sciences programs with the College of Communication and the Arts. Especially shocking to the university community and to Dr. Ingham and his colleagues was the announcement that Physics would be eliminated as a major. Throughout his papers, Dr. Ingham refers to the ensuing months and years at JMU, which included the aforementioned academic restructuring, and also a 1996 Honor Code \"fiasco\" during which administration quietly overturned an Honor Council decision, opposition by faculty and students to proposed general education curriculum, and quashed subpoenas originally served to Dr. Carrier and civic leader, Zane Showker, as part of the 1997 Jamie Raymond murder trial, as \"the troubles.\" Similar intentionally nebulous language describing these years can be found throughout materials in Series 7 through Series 12. These occurrences, particularly the plans for university restructuring, created conflict between the administration and faculty and resulted in the group, Faculty for Responsible Change (FRC), of which Dr. Ingham was a founding member. The Physics Department ultimately was kept intact and continues to be a thriving department and major at JMU.","Dr. Ingham was also an influential and involved faculty member beyond the Physics Department and beyond JMU. He served on the Faculty Handbook Task Force which was charged with editing the faculty handbook. This included editing and revising the expectations, rights and responsibilities of the faculty, and outlining the relationship between faculty members and the university. He also served on the Faculty Senate. Dr. Ingham was awarded the Distinguished Teaching Award for the College of Sciences and Mathematics for academic year 2002/2003. Recommended by the Council for International Exchange of Students (CIES) for a Lecturing/Research award under the 2004-2005 J. William Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Program. He was awarded a grant and subsequently spent the fall semester 2004 teaching Physics and conducting research at Acadia University in Nova Scotia, Canada as a faculty-in-residence.","Dr. Ingham was professionally active throughout his career, serving as a member of the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT), particularly the Chesapeake Section (CSAAPT), and Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society. He was a grader for Advanced Placement (AP) Physics examinations for several years. Between 1994 and 2000, Dr. Ingham served on the AP Physics Development Committee, a six-member national committee that writes the AP Physics examinations; he chaired the committee from 1997 to 2000.","Since retirement in 2010, Dr. Ingham has remained active in the JMU community as a member of the Faculty Emeriti Association and continues to lecture on topics relating to black holes and gravitational waves."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlong with all other media, the USB flash drive is in the process of being digitized (copied) as of August 2016. After digitization, the original drive was returned to the owner.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Along with all other media, the USB flash drive is in the process of being digitized (copied) as of August 2016. After digitization, the original drive was returned to the owner."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], William Ingham Papers, 1945-2013, SC 0002, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], William Ingham Papers, 1945-2013, SC 0002, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe donor's original order, including folder titles, were maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files and created discrete series. Limited preservation, including removal of rusty paper clips and brittle rubber bands, was performed on materials. When appropriate, notebooks have been disbound. Newspaper clippings have either been photocopied or interleaved with acid-free paper. At the request of the donor, series 7 through 12 were restricted and closed to researchers until September 18, 2020, three years after the death of Dr. Ronald Carrier.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDue to Federal laws regulating the privacy and use of student academic records (specifically the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, i.e. FERPA), material including but not limited to grades and grade books, marked papers, theses, class rosters, letters of recommendation, and instances of social security numbers or other unique identification numbers have been removed and returned to the donor. Many newspaper articles were photocopied and originals discarded. In some instances where entire newspaper issues were donated, the titles and dates of issues were recorded and originals were returned to donor. All media, regardless of original location in the organizational structure, has been removed to a single series.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The donor's original order, including folder titles, were maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files and created discrete series. Limited preservation, including removal of rusty paper clips and brittle rubber bands, was performed on materials. When appropriate, notebooks have been disbound. Newspaper clippings have either been photocopied or interleaved with acid-free paper. At the request of the donor, series 7 through 12 were restricted and closed to researchers until September 18, 2020, three years after the death of Dr. Ronald Carrier.","Due to Federal laws regulating the privacy and use of student academic records (specifically the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, i.e. FERPA), material including but not limited to grades and grade books, marked papers, theses, class rosters, letters of recommendation, and instances of social security numbers or other unique identification numbers have been removed and returned to the donor. Many newspaper articles were photocopied and originals discarded. In some instances where entire newspaper issues were donated, the titles and dates of issues were recorded and originals were returned to donor. All media, regardless of original location in the organizational structure, has been removed to a single series."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Leary Papers, 1984-2018, SC 0397, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAndrew Kohen Papers, 1977-2006, SC 0398, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["James Leary Papers, 1984-2018, SC 0397, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Andrew Kohen Papers, 1977-2006, SC 0398, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe William Ingham Papers (1945-2013), consisting of 37.13 cubic feet (113 boxes), contain the professional and academic papers of Dr. William Ingham, professor emeritus of physics at James Madison University. The materials chiefly relate to Dr. Ingham's tenure as a physics professor at JMU between 1976 and 2010, including lecture notes and PowerPoint presentations, homework assignments, syllabi, examinations and keys, and related course documents. Other materials relate to Ingham's scholarly pursuits both related and unrelated to physics including Dr. Ingham's research on James Madison and the sciences. Materials documenting Dr. Ingham's involvement in professional organizations and his commitment to professional development comprise a sizable portion of the collection. Much of the correspondence throughout the collection was generated using the VAX email system.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second half of the collection, series 7 through 12, includes materials documenting the conflicts and controversial incidents Dr. Ingham encountered with the JMU administration during his time as a professor of physics at JMU. Specifically, these incidents include the controversial decision by JMU administration to restructure academic colleges and dissolve the Physics Department, a 1996 Honor Code \"fiasco\" during which administration quietly overturned an Honor Council decision, opposition by faculty and students to proposed general education curriculum, and quashed subpoenas originally served to Dr. Carrier and civic leader, Zane Showker, as part of the 1997 Jamie Raymond murder trial. At the request of the donor, the aforementioned series were restricted and closed to researchers until September 18, 2020, three years after the death of Dr. Ronald Carrier.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eArranged numerically by course number and then alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis small series contains coursework and notes completed by William Ingham while he was an undergraduate and graduate student at MIT. Materials primarily comprise course notebooks and handwritten notes.\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged in two subseries. Series 2.1: Courses is arranged alphabetically by course number (beginning with physics) then numerically by course number. Series 2.2: General Teaching is arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series, comprising the bulk of the collection, contains Dr. Ingham's teaching materials and coursework when he was a professor at James Madison University. Dr. Ingham taught throughout multiple departments. As such, his course material spans the subjects of physics, math, chemistry, computer science, history, liberal studies, and honors. Dr. Ingham was instrumental in creating courses on the history of science taught in the history department and taught many other liberal studies courses, including freshman seminar, women in science, and seminars in nuclear war. Included in these files are syllabi, tests, lectures, notes, handouts, homework assignments, and course evaluations for various classes throughout his career at JMU. This series also contains handouts and lecture materials not associated with specific courses. This series is organized into two subseries –2.1. Courses and 2.2. General Teaching – which separates the material related to specific courses from miscellaneous teaching materials not necessarily associated with one particular course. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists mostly of scholarly articles and handwritten notes by Dr. Ingham pertaining to his scholarly pursuits, some of which are not directly related to physics. Many of these scholarly articles have dates handwritten in the top left corner of the page, which indicate when he actually printed or used these articles. If no date was written on them, then the date of publication is used for description purposes. This series also contains correspondence between Ingham and various scholars about their work, such as edits for textbooks and book reviews. Dr. Ingham conducted much research on James Madison and the sciences; related documentation is included. Large collections of Wikipedia and other web page printouts were removed and given back to the donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged in three subseries: 4.1. JMU Materials is arranged alphabetically, 4.2. Physics Department Materials is arranged alphabetically, and 4.3. Canadian Faculty Residency is arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains information pertaining Dr. Ingham's role in the JMU community and the physics department specifically. Dr. Ingham's time spent as a faculty-in-residence at Acadia University in Nova Scotia, Canada is also well-documented. The JMU materials include papers from JMU sponsored events and Dr. Ingham's role in JMU task forces and committees. For example, Dr. Ingham played a pivotal role in editing the faculty handbook as a member of the Faculty Handbook Task Force; related materials are included. Also included in this series are annual departmental evaluations, Dr. Ingham's personal faculty evaluations and performance reviews, and information pertaining to Ingham's tenure application. Of particular interest are the materials (including photographs) related to Physics Teaching Resource Agents (PTRA) – a summer institute at JMU to train rural high school physics teachers. Documents related to visiting scholars, lecturers, including Isaac Asimov who spoke at the 1979 Arts and Sciences Symposium, and various grant proposals are contained within this series. Dr. Ingham was awarded a major grant funded by the Appalachia Education Laboratory entitled \"Interdisciplinary Science: Transforming Educational Experiences\" (ISTEE) \"to develop a college-level interdisciplinary physical science course that will satisfy JMU's general-education requirements and will be particularly appropriate for prospective middle school teachers.\" This series is organized into three subseries – 4.1. JMU Materials, 4.2. Physics Department Materials, and 4.3. Canadian Faculty Residency. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by organization (where applicable) and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of materials related to Dr. Ingham's involvement in professional organizations other than JMU or the physics department. This includes scholarly conferences and workshops that he attended, lectures presented, certifications from non-JMU affiliated organizations, and copies of his resume. Organizations represented include the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT), the Chesapeake Section of the American Association of Physics Teachers (CSAAPT), the Virginia Academy of Science.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material related to Dr. Ingham and physics, but does not necessarily fit within any of the other series. Included in this series are quotes, and comics, and personal correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series makes up the bulk of the collection and represents a monthly filing system kept by the donor. The series begins with a file comprised of two documents explaining Dr. Ingham's reasons for collecting and donating material related to the unrest at JMU during the 1990s. These two documents provide insight into the materials found in all subsequent series. Materials from the earliest years of 1986 - 1990 are grouped into one file, with the years 1991 and 1992 each representing one file. Beginning with January 1993 through December 1998, a file is kept for each month of each year. Within that span of years a few months are missing, most likely because the creator did not have materials for those months. January 1995 and February 1995 are the largest files and contain significant amounts of material related to the January 13, 1995 announcement by the JMU administration that the Physics major would be discontinued and the Physics Department disbanded. Other months that contain large amounts of material are April 1996 – relating to the honor code incident, and April 1997 - relating to the quashed subpoenas of Dr. Carrier and Zane Showker for the Jamie Raymond murder trial. See Box 96, Folder 1 for Ingham's explanation of the order of the files that includes details about the major events documented. This file is duplicated in Series 12: Subject Files, Box 110, Folder 21. Also of interest is the nine-page document entitled \"NARRATIVE OF WILLIAM H. INGHAM'S ACTIVITIES AS A JMU FACULTY MEMBER WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO ACTIONS, STATEMENTS, AND DOCUMENTS WHICH MIGHT HAVE ANGERED PRESIDENT OF OTHER JMU ADMINISTRATORS\" found in folder May 1995 (Folder 1 of 2). Files entitled 1999-2001 and Miscellaneous Articles have been created by the archivist out of loose materials within the boxes. As many of the folders are titled by their date range, each folder title includes two date ranges: 1) the folder title itself as provided by the creator and 2) the date range of materials within the file which may include undated items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged in two sub-series. Series 8.1: Lawsuit Files is arranged alphabetically. Series 8.2: Exhibit Items is arranged numerically by exhibit number.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series comprises materials related to the aftermath of the January 13, 1995 announcement of academic restructuring, specifically that the Physics Department and major would be eliminated along with ten faculty positions. Materials specifically concern the activities of the group Faculty for Responsible Change (FRC), of which Dr. Ingham was a member, including its lawsuit against the James Madison University Board of Visitors. The first two folders in this series contain materials – newspaper clippings, memoranda, correspondence, timelines – that put into context the January 13 announcement including the lead-up (move to restructure the university, Carrier appoints son Michael as assistant provost of CISAT) and details the immediate aftermath. The donor labeled items submitted as exhibits in the lawsuit FRC v. JMU Visitors numerically D1-D149. These exhibit items include memoranda, correspondence, and newspaper clippings. Subseries 8.1 is comprised of general lawsuit files and Subseries 8.2 is individually numbered exhibit items which include correspondence, newspaper clippings, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials within the General Education series relate to the work of the General Education Committee, of which Ingham was a member from the committee's inception to its dissolution. The committee was established in February 1994, after the Liberal Studies Review Committee completed an external review of the Liberal Studies Program and suggested the establishment of a committee to complete an in-depth examination of the Liberal Studies Program and to make suggestions for modifications to the program as a part of the larger restructuring taking place at JMU. See folder GENED January 1994 for the initial report of the Liberal Studies Review Committee, and folder GENED May 1994 for a history of the General Education Committee. Materials in this series include meeting minutes and agendas from the General Education Committee, email and written communications among committee members as well as members of the administration, print-outs of posts to the electronic bulletin board, planning documents, course proposals, and reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally, these materials were contained in several large folders labeled GENED and organized chronologically within the folders. For ease of use, the materials were kept in the original order, but organized into smaller folders by month and year. In addition to the GENED folders there are also several folders of material labeled topically. These were kept in original order and filed within the chronological arrangement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials from this series relate to the Physics Department Academic Program Review (APR) that occurred following the January 13, 1995 announcement of the dissolution of the Physics Department and subsequent reinstatement of the major. Materials include documents used to create the Academic Program Review Report (for the full report see folder titled James Madison University Physics Department Academic Program Review, July 1995), email, and other communications about the APR, faculty meeting minutes, and reports. A large portion of this series consists of the surveys sent to Physics Departments at institutions identified as \"peer\" institutions to JMU. This series also includes the 1997 Physics Department Strategic Plan which addresses the August 1995 External Team Report on recommendations for change to the undergraduate Physics program. This report is contained in folder titled Program Review Information Packet: James Madison University Department of Physics February 21-22, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised exclusively of reports relating to the charge issued by the Commonwealth of Virginia Commission on the University of the 21st Century to create innovative approaches to education in preparation for the inevitable influx of students expected to enter Virginia's higher education system in the coming century. JMU's response to this charge included a restructuring of academic programs and the creation of the College of Integrated Science and Technology (CISAT). These reports include Dr. Ingham's handwritten annotations. Portions are also marked as significant in some way with Post-It Notes. Of particular interest is the May 1989 Case Study of the Organizational Dynamics for Teaching and Learning prepared for the National Center for Research to Improve Postsecondary Teaching Learning (NCRIPTAL) at the University of Michigan. Dr. Ingham made extensive annotations to this report which comments on, among other things, the academic culture of JMU and particularly the role of Dr. Carrier and a few senior administrators.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by folder title.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Subject Files series represents the files within the collection that did not have any arrangement when received from the donor. See Box 110, Folder 21 for Ingham's explanation of the order of the files that includes details about the major events documented. This file is duplicated in Series 7: Chronological Files, Box 96, Folder 1. Most of the material within the Subject Files series relates to issues and events represented in the Chronological Files series. However, some files are of a general nature and relate to the day-to-day operations of the JMU Physics Department. These files are labeled topically and represent a variety of topics. Folders labeled CS-APPT refer to the Chesapeake Section of the American Association of Physics Teachers, of which Dr. Ingham was a member.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials cover topics including JMU's transition from liberal studies to a general education curriculum, the academic restructuring of the mid-1990s, faculty handbook revisions, satirical artwork prominently featuring Dr. Carrier, materials relating to Dr. Ingham's November 1998 presentation at the Chesapeake Section for the American Association of Physics Teachers (CSAAPT) entitled Trends in Baccalaureate Degree Production in Physics, and the Jamie Raymond murder trial. Materials related to the Raymond case include copies of court transcripts, written exhibits, other court documents, and an exhaustive and thorough collection of newspaper clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded in this series are a small number of folders labeled as Physics Department – G Chron. According to the creator, the \"G Chron\" refers to General Files – Chronological, and the label was added at a later date in a planned reorganization of the files by the creator that did not come to be. Because of the small number of these \"G Chron\" labeled folders, the archivist elected to arrange them alphabetically within the subject files series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo particular arrangement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis last series contains various types of media including one 3.5\" floppy disk, four compact discs, one audio cassette, and one USB flash drive (returned to donor). All media types are in the process of being digitized as of June 2016. Access to content will be made available once digitization is complete, barring any copyright or other use restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The William Ingham Papers (1945-2013), consisting of 37.13 cubic feet (113 boxes), contain the professional and academic papers of Dr. William Ingham, professor emeritus of physics at James Madison University. The materials chiefly relate to Dr. Ingham's tenure as a physics professor at JMU between 1976 and 2010, including lecture notes and PowerPoint presentations, homework assignments, syllabi, examinations and keys, and related course documents. Other materials relate to Ingham's scholarly pursuits both related and unrelated to physics including Dr. Ingham's research on James Madison and the sciences. Materials documenting Dr. Ingham's involvement in professional organizations and his commitment to professional development comprise a sizable portion of the collection. Much of the correspondence throughout the collection was generated using the VAX email system.","The second half of the collection, series 7 through 12, includes materials documenting the conflicts and controversial incidents Dr. Ingham encountered with the JMU administration during his time as a professor of physics at JMU. Specifically, these incidents include the controversial decision by JMU administration to restructure academic colleges and dissolve the Physics Department, a 1996 Honor Code \"fiasco\" during which administration quietly overturned an Honor Council decision, opposition by faculty and students to proposed general education curriculum, and quashed subpoenas originally served to Dr. Carrier and civic leader, Zane Showker, as part of the 1997 Jamie Raymond murder trial. At the request of the donor, the aforementioned series were restricted and closed to researchers until September 18, 2020, three years after the death of Dr. Ronald Carrier.","Arranged numerically by course number and then alphabetically.","This small series contains coursework and notes completed by William Ingham while he was an undergraduate and graduate student at MIT. Materials primarily comprise course notebooks and handwritten notes.","Arranged in two subseries. Series 2.1: Courses is arranged alphabetically by course number (beginning with physics) then numerically by course number. Series 2.2: General Teaching is arranged alphabetically.","This series, comprising the bulk of the collection, contains Dr. Ingham's teaching materials and coursework when he was a professor at James Madison University. Dr. Ingham taught throughout multiple departments. As such, his course material spans the subjects of physics, math, chemistry, computer science, history, liberal studies, and honors. Dr. Ingham was instrumental in creating courses on the history of science taught in the history department and taught many other liberal studies courses, including freshman seminar, women in science, and seminars in nuclear war. Included in these files are syllabi, tests, lectures, notes, handouts, homework assignments, and course evaluations for various classes throughout his career at JMU. This series also contains handouts and lecture materials not associated with specific courses. This series is organized into two subseries –2.1. Courses and 2.2. General Teaching – which separates the material related to specific courses from miscellaneous teaching materials not necessarily associated with one particular course.","Arranged alphabetically.","This series consists mostly of scholarly articles and handwritten notes by Dr. Ingham pertaining to his scholarly pursuits, some of which are not directly related to physics. Many of these scholarly articles have dates handwritten in the top left corner of the page, which indicate when he actually printed or used these articles. If no date was written on them, then the date of publication is used for description purposes. This series also contains correspondence between Ingham and various scholars about their work, such as edits for textbooks and book reviews. Dr. Ingham conducted much research on James Madison and the sciences; related documentation is included. Large collections of Wikipedia and other web page printouts were removed and given back to the donor.","Arranged in three subseries: 4.1. JMU Materials is arranged alphabetically, 4.2. Physics Department Materials is arranged alphabetically, and 4.3. Canadian Faculty Residency is arranged alphabetically.","This series contains information pertaining Dr. Ingham's role in the JMU community and the physics department specifically. Dr. Ingham's time spent as a faculty-in-residence at Acadia University in Nova Scotia, Canada is also well-documented. The JMU materials include papers from JMU sponsored events and Dr. Ingham's role in JMU task forces and committees. For example, Dr. Ingham played a pivotal role in editing the faculty handbook as a member of the Faculty Handbook Task Force; related materials are included. Also included in this series are annual departmental evaluations, Dr. Ingham's personal faculty evaluations and performance reviews, and information pertaining to Ingham's tenure application. Of particular interest are the materials (including photographs) related to Physics Teaching Resource Agents (PTRA) – a summer institute at JMU to train rural high school physics teachers. Documents related to visiting scholars, lecturers, including Isaac Asimov who spoke at the 1979 Arts and Sciences Symposium, and various grant proposals are contained within this series. Dr. Ingham was awarded a major grant funded by the Appalachia Education Laboratory entitled \"Interdisciplinary Science: Transforming Educational Experiences\" (ISTEE) \"to develop a college-level interdisciplinary physical science course that will satisfy JMU's general-education requirements and will be particularly appropriate for prospective middle school teachers.\" This series is organized into three subseries – 4.1. JMU Materials, 4.2. Physics Department Materials, and 4.3. Canadian Faculty Residency.","Arranged alphabetically by organization (where applicable) and then chronologically.","This series consists of materials related to Dr. Ingham's involvement in professional organizations other than JMU or the physics department. This includes scholarly conferences and workshops that he attended, lectures presented, certifications from non-JMU affiliated organizations, and copies of his resume. Organizations represented include the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT), the Chesapeake Section of the American Association of Physics Teachers (CSAAPT), the Virginia Academy of Science.","Arranged alphabetically.","This series contains material related to Dr. Ingham and physics, but does not necessarily fit within any of the other series. Included in this series are quotes, and comics, and personal correspondence.","Arranged chronologically.","This series makes up the bulk of the collection and represents a monthly filing system kept by the donor. The series begins with a file comprised of two documents explaining Dr. Ingham's reasons for collecting and donating material related to the unrest at JMU during the 1990s. These two documents provide insight into the materials found in all subsequent series. Materials from the earliest years of 1986 - 1990 are grouped into one file, with the years 1991 and 1992 each representing one file. Beginning with January 1993 through December 1998, a file is kept for each month of each year. Within that span of years a few months are missing, most likely because the creator did not have materials for those months. January 1995 and February 1995 are the largest files and contain significant amounts of material related to the January 13, 1995 announcement by the JMU administration that the Physics major would be discontinued and the Physics Department disbanded. Other months that contain large amounts of material are April 1996 – relating to the honor code incident, and April 1997 - relating to the quashed subpoenas of Dr. Carrier and Zane Showker for the Jamie Raymond murder trial. See Box 96, Folder 1 for Ingham's explanation of the order of the files that includes details about the major events documented. This file is duplicated in Series 12: Subject Files, Box 110, Folder 21. Also of interest is the nine-page document entitled \"NARRATIVE OF WILLIAM H. INGHAM'S ACTIVITIES AS A JMU FACULTY MEMBER WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO ACTIONS, STATEMENTS, AND DOCUMENTS WHICH MIGHT HAVE ANGERED PRESIDENT OF OTHER JMU ADMINISTRATORS\" found in folder May 1995 (Folder 1 of 2). Files entitled 1999-2001 and Miscellaneous Articles have been created by the archivist out of loose materials within the boxes. As many of the folders are titled by their date range, each folder title includes two date ranges: 1) the folder title itself as provided by the creator and 2) the date range of materials within the file which may include undated items.","Arranged in two sub-series. Series 8.1: Lawsuit Files is arranged alphabetically. Series 8.2: Exhibit Items is arranged numerically by exhibit number.","This series comprises materials related to the aftermath of the January 13, 1995 announcement of academic restructuring, specifically that the Physics Department and major would be eliminated along with ten faculty positions. Materials specifically concern the activities of the group Faculty for Responsible Change (FRC), of which Dr. Ingham was a member, including its lawsuit against the James Madison University Board of Visitors. The first two folders in this series contain materials – newspaper clippings, memoranda, correspondence, timelines – that put into context the January 13 announcement including the lead-up (move to restructure the university, Carrier appoints son Michael as assistant provost of CISAT) and details the immediate aftermath. The donor labeled items submitted as exhibits in the lawsuit FRC v. JMU Visitors numerically D1-D149. These exhibit items include memoranda, correspondence, and newspaper clippings. Subseries 8.1 is comprised of general lawsuit files and Subseries 8.2 is individually numbered exhibit items which include correspondence, newspaper clippings, etc.","Arranged chronologically.","The materials within the General Education series relate to the work of the General Education Committee, of which Ingham was a member from the committee's inception to its dissolution. The committee was established in February 1994, after the Liberal Studies Review Committee completed an external review of the Liberal Studies Program and suggested the establishment of a committee to complete an in-depth examination of the Liberal Studies Program and to make suggestions for modifications to the program as a part of the larger restructuring taking place at JMU. See folder GENED January 1994 for the initial report of the Liberal Studies Review Committee, and folder GENED May 1994 for a history of the General Education Committee. Materials in this series include meeting minutes and agendas from the General Education Committee, email and written communications among committee members as well as members of the administration, print-outs of posts to the electronic bulletin board, planning documents, course proposals, and reports.","Originally, these materials were contained in several large folders labeled GENED and organized chronologically within the folders. For ease of use, the materials were kept in the original order, but organized into smaller folders by month and year. In addition to the GENED folders there are also several folders of material labeled topically. These were kept in original order and filed within the chronological arrangement.","Arranged chronologically.","Materials from this series relate to the Physics Department Academic Program Review (APR) that occurred following the January 13, 1995 announcement of the dissolution of the Physics Department and subsequent reinstatement of the major. Materials include documents used to create the Academic Program Review Report (for the full report see folder titled James Madison University Physics Department Academic Program Review, July 1995), email, and other communications about the APR, faculty meeting minutes, and reports. A large portion of this series consists of the surveys sent to Physics Departments at institutions identified as \"peer\" institutions to JMU. This series also includes the 1997 Physics Department Strategic Plan which addresses the August 1995 External Team Report on recommendations for change to the undergraduate Physics program. This report is contained in folder titled Program Review Information Packet: James Madison University Department of Physics February 21-22, 1999.","Arranged chronologically.","This series is comprised exclusively of reports relating to the charge issued by the Commonwealth of Virginia Commission on the University of the 21st Century to create innovative approaches to education in preparation for the inevitable influx of students expected to enter Virginia's higher education system in the coming century. JMU's response to this charge included a restructuring of academic programs and the creation of the College of Integrated Science and Technology (CISAT). These reports include Dr. Ingham's handwritten annotations. Portions are also marked as significant in some way with Post-It Notes. Of particular interest is the May 1989 Case Study of the Organizational Dynamics for Teaching and Learning prepared for the National Center for Research to Improve Postsecondary Teaching Learning (NCRIPTAL) at the University of Michigan. Dr. Ingham made extensive annotations to this report which comments on, among other things, the academic culture of JMU and particularly the role of Dr. Carrier and a few senior administrators.","Arranged alphabetically by folder title.","The Subject Files series represents the files within the collection that did not have any arrangement when received from the donor. See Box 110, Folder 21 for Ingham's explanation of the order of the files that includes details about the major events documented. This file is duplicated in Series 7: Chronological Files, Box 96, Folder 1. Most of the material within the Subject Files series relates to issues and events represented in the Chronological Files series. However, some files are of a general nature and relate to the day-to-day operations of the JMU Physics Department. These files are labeled topically and represent a variety of topics. Folders labeled CS-APPT refer to the Chesapeake Section of the American Association of Physics Teachers, of which Dr. Ingham was a member.","Materials cover topics including JMU's transition from liberal studies to a general education curriculum, the academic restructuring of the mid-1990s, faculty handbook revisions, satirical artwork prominently featuring Dr. Carrier, materials relating to Dr. Ingham's November 1998 presentation at the Chesapeake Section for the American Association of Physics Teachers (CSAAPT) entitled Trends in Baccalaureate Degree Production in Physics, and the Jamie Raymond murder trial. Materials related to the Raymond case include copies of court transcripts, written exhibits, other court documents, and an exhaustive and thorough collection of newspaper clippings.","Included in this series are a small number of folders labeled as Physics Department – G Chron. According to the creator, the \"G Chron\" refers to General Files – Chronological, and the label was added at a later date in a planned reorganization of the files by the creator that did not come to be. Because of the small number of these \"G Chron\" labeled folders, the archivist elected to arrange them alphabetically within the subject files series.","No particular arrangement.","This last series contains various types of media including one 3.5\" floppy disk, four compact discs, one audio cassette, and one USB flash drive (returned to donor). All media types are in the process of being digitized as of June 2016. Access to content will be made available once digitization is complete, barring any copyright or other use restrictions."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4fc0b9076bb873eb0cfa73925d5ea616\"\u003eThis collection, consisting of 37.13 cubic feet (113 boxes), contains the professional and academic papers of Dr. William Ingham, professor emeritus of physics at James Madison University.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection, consisting of 37.13 cubic feet (113 boxes), contains the professional and academic papers of Dr. William Ingham, professor emeritus of physics at James Madison University."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College","James Madison University","Madison College -- Faculty","Madison College -- Curricula","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Faculty","James Madison University -- Curricula","Madison College -- Administration","James Madison University -- Administration","James Madison University. 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