{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1962\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026view=compact","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1962\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=2\u0026view=compact","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1962\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=159\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":159,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":1582,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_334_c02_c02_c65","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"10th Year Report IVNA Richmond Dept. of Public Works, 1962","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_334_c02_c02_c65#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_334_c02_c02_c65","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_334_c02_c02_c65"],"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_334_c02_c02_c65","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_334","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_334","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_334_c02_c02","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_334_c02_c02","parent_ssim":["Instructive Visiting Nurses Association records, 1902/1999","Series 2: Board of Trustees","Annual Reports"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_334","vircu_repositories_3_resources_334_c02","vircu_repositories_3_resources_334_c02_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"10th Year Report IVNA Richmond Dept. of Public Works","title_ssm":["10th Year Report IVNA Richmond Dept. of Public Works"],"title_tesim":["10th Year Report IVNA Richmond Dept. of Public Works"],"normalized_title_ssm":["10th Year Report IVNA Richmond Dept. of Public Works, 1962"],"text":["10th Year Report IVNA Richmond Dept. of Public Works, 1962","Instructive Visiting Nurses Association records, 1902/1999","Series 2: Board of Trustees","Annual Reports","Box-folder 11.11"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Instructive Visiting Nurses Association records, 1902/1999","Series 2: Board of Trustees","Annual Reports"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Instructive Visiting Nurses Association records, 1902/1999","Series 2: Board of Trustees","Annual Reports"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1962"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1962"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":176,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Instructive Visiting Nurses Association records, 1902/1999"],"containers_ssim":["Box-folder 11.11"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["none"],"date_range_isim":[1962],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1/components#64","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:57.621Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_334","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_334","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_334","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_334","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_334.xml","title_ssm":["Instructive Visiting Nurses Association records"],"title_tesim":["Instructive Visiting Nurses Association records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1902-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1902-1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1902/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Instructive Visiting Nurses Association records, 1902/1999"],"text":["Instructive Visiting Nurses Association records, 1902/1999","1990.Feb.7","/repositories/3/resources/334","Collection is open for use without restrictions.","Series 1, History, is arranged categorically. Series 2, Board of Trustees, Series 3, Legal, and Series 4, Organization and Staff, are arranged by subject, then chronologically. Series 5, Photographs, and Series 6, Miscellany, are not arranged.","The IVNA was originally founded as the Nurses' Settlement, by nine nurses in the 1900 graduating class at Old Dominion Hospital, and Miss Sadie H. Cabaniss, Director of Nursing, Old Dominion Hospital. The Nurse' Settlement was incorporated by an act of the legislature in 1901. Shortly afterwards, the Rt. Rev. Robert A. Gibson spoke to the women of the Episcopal churches in Richmond asking them to support the Nurses' Settlement. The women formed a committee, with Mrs. Valentine as chairman, and agreed to support the Settlement. In 1902, Miss Nannie Minor, a Settlement nurse, spoke to Mrs. B. B. Valentine's Womens Club. Her speech led to the organization of the Board of Trustees for the Nurses' Settlement, later known as the Instructive Visiting Nurses Association. Miss Cabaniss became the first Chief Nurse. She remained as Chief Nurse until 1909, when she resigned to form rural nurses settlements in Hanover County. Miss Minor became Chief Nurse in 1910, remaining until 1921.","The IVNA opened the first tuberculosis clinic, in 1903 on Oregon Hill; opened tuberculosis dispensaries in 1907; established a mission kindergarten in 1910, with Miss Lucy Witt as teacher. They also loaned an IVNA nurse, Miss Roller, to be the first woman Probation Officer, in 1912; hired the first black nurse in 1913; began industrial nursing in 1914; set up the first crippled children's clinic, with Dr. William T. Graham, in 1916; and in 1920 began the first pre-natal clinic. The crippled children's clinic became Children's Hospital. Miss Witt's work, as kindergarten teacher, led to the first social work caseload in Richmond; eventually forming the Social Workers' of the Nurses' Settlement. The two wings of the Nurses' Settlement formally separated in 1922; the Nurses' Settlement ceased to exist. The IVNA and the William Byrd Settlement House took its place.","Until the 1950s, members of the Board of Trustees were involved in the day to day work of the IVNA. They did the office work, raised money, supplied and ran the loan closet, and volunteered in clinics.","In 1953, the IVNA and the City Health Department combined for reasons of economy, efficiency, and continuity of service; with each retaining their own budget. In 1961, two positions for physical therapists were established in the budget of the IVNA. That year, a new study was made by the Richmond Area Community Council to determine areas of responsibility for the IVNA and the City Health Department. By 1964, questions arose about the viability of continuing the combined service. Finally in 1966, the IVNA became an independent volunteer agency again; partially funded by the United Givers' Fund they had joined in 1960.","Collection processed in May 1990 and revised in June 2002. Accession 2004/Jun/10 integrated June 2004","The records are generally complete from 1900 to 1990. However, there are few or no records for the years 1943 to 1950.","Series 1, History, contains two handwritten speeches by Miss Nannie Minor. One is thought to be her 1902 speech given to the Womens' Club of Richmond: the other is her 1910 report to the Board of Trustees. There are histories of the IVNA, written various persons. Also included are histories of the Social Workers', Camp Harrison, and Crippled Children's Clinic.","Series 2, the Board of Trustees, contains Board minutes for 1902-1997. Also included annual reports for 1903, 1906, 1910 - 1911, 1916 - 1982. Annual reports for the years 1907, 1909 - 1923, 1928 - 1942 may be found within the minutes for those years. This series includes correspondence; financial audits for the years 1924-1945, 1947-1948, 1951, 1954-1964, 1966-1972; and miscellaneous committee reports. The monthly minutes kept by the Board of Trustees contain information about the role of women in Richmond's community life. The reports by the Director or Chief Nurse, to the Board of Trustees, includes information about the range of problems nurses faced, particularly during the early twentieth century.","Series 3, Legal, contains correspondence, legal records, contracts, wills, constitutions and by-laws and legal complaints against the IVNA. Most of the correspondence is with the IVNA's long time legal representative Thomas Gay.","Series 4, Organization and Staff of the IVNA, contain a staff manual, date unknown, and information about the work performed by the director and nurses, mainly from the 1950s to 1982. However early information may also be found in the minutes of the Board of Trustees. Information about the IVNA - City Health Department combined services and separation is included. Also included is information about the South Richmond Community Nursing Service, a precursor to the combined services. This series contains the papers and studies done by the staff, particularly Marie Lowe, Director of the IVNA from 1957 to 1963, and Ruth Freeman, of Johns Hopkins University. Oversized estimated budget records have been separated; they are located in Box 42.","Series 5, Photographs, consists of photographs and snapshots of organizational activities and its members. Some of the photographs have been identified; most date from the 1950s and 1960s. The photographs are mostly black and white and range in size from 2\"x 3\" to 9\" x 12\". Series 5 has not been arranged.","Series 6, Miscellany, contains scrapbooks, morbidity statistics, and newspaper clippings. The scrapbooks are dated in the late 1920s, the 1940s, the 1950s, the 1960s, and the 1970s. Their contents include miscellaneous correspondence, photographs, snapshots, newspaper clippings, and other memorabilia. Two morbidity volumes contain statistics; one volume, dated 1946 - 1953, has statistics about various conditions as well as maternity statistics. The second volume, dated 1946 - 1952, contains statistics for discharged cases. Dates for the newspaper clippings are unknown.","none","VCU Health Sciences Library","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Instructive Visiting Nurses Association records, 1902/1999"],"collection_ssim":["Instructive Visiting Nurses Association records, 1902/1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1990.Feb.7","/repositories/3/resources/334"],"unitid_tesim":["1990.Feb.7","/repositories/3/resources/334"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"creators_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["none"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials are on loan from the IVNA"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.26 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["17.26 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for use without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, History, is arranged categorically. Series 2, Board of Trustees, Series 3, Legal, and Series 4, Organization and Staff, are arranged by subject, then chronologically. Series 5, Photographs, and Series 6, Miscellany, are not arranged.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series 1, History, is arranged categorically. Series 2, Board of Trustees, Series 3, Legal, and Series 4, Organization and Staff, are arranged by subject, then chronologically. Series 5, Photographs, and Series 6, Miscellany, are not arranged."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe IVNA was originally founded as the Nurses' Settlement, by nine nurses in the 1900 graduating class at Old Dominion Hospital, and Miss Sadie H. Cabaniss, Director of Nursing, Old Dominion Hospital. The Nurse' Settlement was incorporated by an act of the legislature in 1901. Shortly afterwards, the Rt. Rev. Robert A. Gibson spoke to the women of the Episcopal churches in Richmond asking them to support the Nurses' Settlement. The women formed a committee, with Mrs. Valentine as chairman, and agreed to support the Settlement. In 1902, Miss Nannie Minor, a Settlement nurse, spoke to Mrs. B. B. Valentine's Womens Club. Her speech led to the organization of the Board of Trustees for the Nurses' Settlement, later known as the Instructive Visiting Nurses Association. Miss Cabaniss became the first Chief Nurse. She remained as Chief Nurse until 1909, when she resigned to form rural nurses settlements in Hanover County. Miss Minor became Chief Nurse in 1910, remaining until 1921.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The IVNA opened the first tuberculosis clinic, in 1903 on Oregon Hill; opened tuberculosis dispensaries in 1907; established a mission kindergarten in 1910, with Miss Lucy Witt as teacher. They also loaned an IVNA nurse, Miss Roller, to be the first woman Probation Officer, in 1912; hired the first black nurse in 1913; began industrial nursing in 1914; set up the first crippled children's clinic, with Dr. William T. Graham, in 1916; and in 1920 began the first pre-natal clinic. The crippled children's clinic became Children's Hospital. Miss Witt's work, as kindergarten teacher, led to the first social work caseload in Richmond; eventually forming the Social Workers' of the Nurses' Settlement. The two wings of the Nurses' Settlement formally separated in 1922; the Nurses' Settlement ceased to exist. The IVNA and the William Byrd Settlement House took its place.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Until the 1950s, members of the Board of Trustees were involved in the day to day work of the IVNA. They did the office work, raised money, supplied and ran the loan closet, and volunteered in clinics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1953, the IVNA and the City Health Department combined for reasons of economy, efficiency, and continuity of service; with each retaining their own budget. In 1961, two positions for physical therapists were established in the budget of the IVNA. That year, a new study was made by the Richmond Area Community Council to determine areas of responsibility for the IVNA and the City Health Department. By 1964, questions arose about the viability of continuing the combined service. Finally in 1966, the IVNA became an independent volunteer agency again; partially funded by the United Givers' Fund they had joined in 1960.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The IVNA was originally founded as the Nurses' Settlement, by nine nurses in the 1900 graduating class at Old Dominion Hospital, and Miss Sadie H. Cabaniss, Director of Nursing, Old Dominion Hospital. The Nurse' Settlement was incorporated by an act of the legislature in 1901. Shortly afterwards, the Rt. Rev. Robert A. Gibson spoke to the women of the Episcopal churches in Richmond asking them to support the Nurses' Settlement. The women formed a committee, with Mrs. Valentine as chairman, and agreed to support the Settlement. In 1902, Miss Nannie Minor, a Settlement nurse, spoke to Mrs. B. B. Valentine's Womens Club. Her speech led to the organization of the Board of Trustees for the Nurses' Settlement, later known as the Instructive Visiting Nurses Association. Miss Cabaniss became the first Chief Nurse. She remained as Chief Nurse until 1909, when she resigned to form rural nurses settlements in Hanover County. Miss Minor became Chief Nurse in 1910, remaining until 1921.","The IVNA opened the first tuberculosis clinic, in 1903 on Oregon Hill; opened tuberculosis dispensaries in 1907; established a mission kindergarten in 1910, with Miss Lucy Witt as teacher. They also loaned an IVNA nurse, Miss Roller, to be the first woman Probation Officer, in 1912; hired the first black nurse in 1913; began industrial nursing in 1914; set up the first crippled children's clinic, with Dr. William T. Graham, in 1916; and in 1920 began the first pre-natal clinic. The crippled children's clinic became Children's Hospital. Miss Witt's work, as kindergarten teacher, led to the first social work caseload in Richmond; eventually forming the Social Workers' of the Nurses' Settlement. The two wings of the Nurses' Settlement formally separated in 1922; the Nurses' Settlement ceased to exist. The IVNA and the William Byrd Settlement House took its place.","Until the 1950s, members of the Board of Trustees were involved in the day to day work of the IVNA. They did the office work, raised money, supplied and ran the loan closet, and volunteered in clinics.","In 1953, the IVNA and the City Health Department combined for reasons of economy, efficiency, and continuity of service; with each retaining their own budget. In 1961, two positions for physical therapists were established in the budget of the IVNA. That year, a new study was made by the Richmond Area Community Council to determine areas of responsibility for the IVNA and the City Health Department. By 1964, questions arose about the viability of continuing the combined service. Finally in 1966, the IVNA became an independent volunteer agency again; partially funded by the United Givers' Fund they had joined in 1960."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Instructive Visiting Nurses Association, 90/Feb/7, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth Univeristy\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Instructive Visiting Nurses Association, 90/Feb/7, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth Univeristy"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed in May 1990 and revised in June 2002. Accession 2004/Jun/10 integrated June 2004\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed in May 1990 and revised in June 2002. Accession 2004/Jun/10 integrated June 2004"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records are generally complete from 1900 to 1990. However, there are few or no records for the years 1943 to 1950.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 1, History, contains two handwritten speeches by Miss Nannie Minor. One is thought to be her 1902 speech given to the Womens' Club of Richmond: the other is her 1910 report to the Board of Trustees. There are histories of the IVNA, written various persons. Also included are histories of the Social Workers', Camp Harrison, and Crippled Children's Clinic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 2, the Board of Trustees, contains Board minutes for 1902-1997. Also included annual reports for 1903, 1906, 1910 - 1911, 1916 - 1982. Annual reports for the years 1907, 1909 - 1923, 1928 - 1942 may be found within the minutes for those years. This series includes correspondence; financial audits for the years 1924-1945, 1947-1948, 1951, 1954-1964, 1966-1972; and miscellaneous committee reports. The monthly minutes kept by the Board of Trustees contain information about the role of women in Richmond's community life. The reports by the Director or Chief Nurse, to the Board of Trustees, includes information about the range of problems nurses faced, particularly during the early twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 3, Legal, contains correspondence, legal records, contracts, wills, constitutions and by-laws and legal complaints against the IVNA. Most of the correspondence is with the IVNA's long time legal representative Thomas Gay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 4, Organization and Staff of the IVNA, contain a staff manual, date unknown, and information about the work performed by the director and nurses, mainly from the 1950s to 1982. However early information may also be found in the minutes of the Board of Trustees. Information about the IVNA - City Health Department combined services and separation is included. Also included is information about the South Richmond Community Nursing Service, a precursor to the combined services. This series contains the papers and studies done by the staff, particularly Marie Lowe, Director of the IVNA from 1957 to 1963, and Ruth Freeman, of Johns Hopkins University. Oversized estimated budget records have been separated; they are located in Box 42.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 5, Photographs, consists of photographs and snapshots of organizational activities and its members. Some of the photographs have been identified; most date from the 1950s and 1960s. The photographs are mostly black and white and range in size from 2\"x 3\" to 9\" x 12\". Series 5 has not been arranged.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 6, Miscellany, contains scrapbooks, morbidity statistics, and newspaper clippings. The scrapbooks are dated in the late 1920s, the 1940s, the 1950s, the 1960s, and the 1970s. Their contents include miscellaneous correspondence, photographs, snapshots, newspaper clippings, and other memorabilia. Two morbidity volumes contain statistics; one volume, dated 1946 - 1953, has statistics about various conditions as well as maternity statistics. The second volume, dated 1946 - 1952, contains statistics for discharged cases. Dates for the newspaper clippings are unknown.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The records are generally complete from 1900 to 1990. However, there are few or no records for the years 1943 to 1950.","Series 1, History, contains two handwritten speeches by Miss Nannie Minor. One is thought to be her 1902 speech given to the Womens' Club of Richmond: the other is her 1910 report to the Board of Trustees. There are histories of the IVNA, written various persons. Also included are histories of the Social Workers', Camp Harrison, and Crippled Children's Clinic.","Series 2, the Board of Trustees, contains Board minutes for 1902-1997. Also included annual reports for 1903, 1906, 1910 - 1911, 1916 - 1982. Annual reports for the years 1907, 1909 - 1923, 1928 - 1942 may be found within the minutes for those years. This series includes correspondence; financial audits for the years 1924-1945, 1947-1948, 1951, 1954-1964, 1966-1972; and miscellaneous committee reports. The monthly minutes kept by the Board of Trustees contain information about the role of women in Richmond's community life. The reports by the Director or Chief Nurse, to the Board of Trustees, includes information about the range of problems nurses faced, particularly during the early twentieth century.","Series 3, Legal, contains correspondence, legal records, contracts, wills, constitutions and by-laws and legal complaints against the IVNA. Most of the correspondence is with the IVNA's long time legal representative Thomas Gay.","Series 4, Organization and Staff of the IVNA, contain a staff manual, date unknown, and information about the work performed by the director and nurses, mainly from the 1950s to 1982. However early information may also be found in the minutes of the Board of Trustees. Information about the IVNA - City Health Department combined services and separation is included. Also included is information about the South Richmond Community Nursing Service, a precursor to the combined services. This series contains the papers and studies done by the staff, particularly Marie Lowe, Director of the IVNA from 1957 to 1963, and Ruth Freeman, of Johns Hopkins University. Oversized estimated budget records have been separated; they are located in Box 42.","Series 5, Photographs, consists of photographs and snapshots of organizational activities and its members. Some of the photographs have been identified; most date from the 1950s and 1960s. The photographs are mostly black and white and range in size from 2\"x 3\" to 9\" x 12\". Series 5 has not been arranged.","Series 6, Miscellany, contains scrapbooks, morbidity statistics, and newspaper clippings. The scrapbooks are dated in the late 1920s, the 1940s, the 1950s, the 1960s, and the 1970s. Their contents include miscellaneous correspondence, photographs, snapshots, newspaper clippings, and other memorabilia. Two morbidity volumes contain statistics; one volume, dated 1946 - 1953, has statistics about various conditions as well as maternity statistics. The second volume, dated 1946 - 1952, contains statistics for discharged cases. Dates for the newspaper clippings are unknown."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003enone\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["none"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":459,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:57.621Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_334_c02_c02_c65"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject, 1950/1980","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01","parent_ssim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers, 1950/1989, bulk 1960/1980","Series 1: Original Work"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject","title_ssm":["1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject"],"title_tesim":["1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject, 1950/1980"],"text":["1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject, 1950/1980","Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers, 1950/1989, bulk 1960/1980","Series 1: Original Work"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers, 1950/1989, bulk 1960/1980","Series 1: Original Work"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers, 1950/1989, bulk 1960/1980","Series 1: Original Work"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950/1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-1980"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":2,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers, 1950/1989, bulk 1960/1980"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":56,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is opern for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:16.668Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_655.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Larsen, Carl E. \"Chick\", papers","title_ssm":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers"],"title_tesim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-1989, undated","1960-1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-1989, undated"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1960-1980"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950/1989, bulk 1960/1980"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers, 1950/1989, bulk 1960/1980"],"text":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers, 1950/1989, bulk 1960/1980","M.417","/repositories/5/resources/655","This collection is opern for research.","The collection is arranged into three series, Series 1: Original Work, Series 2: Correspondence and Personal Materials, and Series 3: Bound Publications.","Series 1: Original Work is subdivided into 5 subseries:\n1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject are undated final-draft editoral cartoons organized by primary subject. They are then arranged alphabetically in the finding aid for ease of discoverability. Physically they are arranged by subject and by size. Oversized materials are housed separately from smaller materials.\n1.2 Editorial Cartoons by Date are arranged chronologically.\n1.3 Editorial Cartoon Drafts are drafts of Larsen's editorial cartoons, filed alphabetically by subject.\n1.4 Other Original Work is cartoonist work from Larsen outside of his editorial cartoons, including RPI classwork, Carrier Toons, mock-ups, and sketches. They are arraned alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n1.5 Other Print Works are published copies of Larsen's original works, including book jackets and magazine covers, work for municipal governments, flyers, RPI publications, and newspaper clippings. They are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.","Series 2: Correpsondence and Personal Materials contains the correspondence of Chick Larsen, as well as a few family photographs. This series is arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","Series 3: Bound Publications contains bound materials such as conference programs, catalogs, and books. They are arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen was born in Newport News, Virginia, on February 2 1923. He acquired the nickname \"Chicken,\" later shortened to \"Chick,\" after eating three whole chickens after a skating outing with friends when he was 18. During World War II he served as a water tender third class in the U.S. Navy on the USS Argon. He married Dorothy M. McCutcheon in May 1944 and worked as a machinist in Newport News after the war. The Larsens had three children Carl Daniel, Karen, and Barbara. In 1950, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia, where Chick enrolled in the Richmond Professional Institute (now Virginia Commonwealth University), graduating in 1954 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Commercial Art.","Chick Larsen is best known for his editorial work, much of which appeared in the Richmond Times-Dispatch during his tenure at the newspaper, beginning as a staff artist in 1951. He was made an editorial cartoonist in 1968 and remained so until 1977 when he was appointed graphics presentation manager in the advertising department for Richmond Newspapers, Inc. His \"Carrier Toons\" strip was syndicated in Sunday newspapers from 1978 to 1986, and his work was featured on magazine ad book covers. He retired in 1988 and died in April 1991.","The collection primarily contains Larsen's editorial and other cartoon works from his time with the Richmond Times-Dispatch. This includes final copies as well as drafts and sketches of ideas. There are also newspaper copies of many of these works, particularly his \"Carrier Toons\" series. \nThe remainder of the collection is a small selection of correspondence, materials from his time as a student at Richmond Professional Institute, other professional work outside of his career as a cartoonist, and industry publications.","There are no restrictions","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers, 1950/1989, bulk 1960/1980"],"collection_ssim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers, 1950/1989, bulk 1960/1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M.417","/repositories/5/resources/655"],"unitid_tesim":["M.417","/repositories/5/resources/655"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"creator_ssim":["Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"creators_ssim":["Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara","VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.76 Linear Feet and one oversize drawer."],"extent_tesim":["13.76 Linear Feet and one oversize drawer."],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is opern for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is opern for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series, Series 1: Original Work, Series 2: Correspondence and Personal Materials, and Series 3: Bound Publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Original Work is subdivided into 5 subseries:\n1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject are undated final-draft editoral cartoons organized by primary subject. They are then arranged alphabetically in the finding aid for ease of discoverability. Physically they are arranged by subject and by size. Oversized materials are housed separately from smaller materials.\n1.2 Editorial Cartoons by Date are arranged chronologically.\n1.3 Editorial Cartoon Drafts are drafts of Larsen's editorial cartoons, filed alphabetically by subject.\n1.4 Other Original Work is cartoonist work from Larsen outside of his editorial cartoons, including RPI classwork, Carrier Toons, mock-ups, and sketches. They are arraned alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n1.5 Other Print Works are published copies of Larsen's original works, including book jackets and magazine covers, work for municipal governments, flyers, RPI publications, and newspaper clippings. They are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correpsondence and Personal Materials contains the correspondence of Chick Larsen, as well as a few family photographs. This series is arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Bound Publications contains bound materials such as conference programs, catalogs, and books. They are arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series, Series 1: Original Work, Series 2: Correspondence and Personal Materials, and Series 3: Bound Publications.","Series 1: Original Work is subdivided into 5 subseries:\n1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject are undated final-draft editoral cartoons organized by primary subject. They are then arranged alphabetically in the finding aid for ease of discoverability. Physically they are arranged by subject and by size. Oversized materials are housed separately from smaller materials.\n1.2 Editorial Cartoons by Date are arranged chronologically.\n1.3 Editorial Cartoon Drafts are drafts of Larsen's editorial cartoons, filed alphabetically by subject.\n1.4 Other Original Work is cartoonist work from Larsen outside of his editorial cartoons, including RPI classwork, Carrier Toons, mock-ups, and sketches. They are arraned alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n1.5 Other Print Works are published copies of Larsen's original works, including book jackets and magazine covers, work for municipal governments, flyers, RPI publications, and newspaper clippings. They are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.","Series 2: Correpsondence and Personal Materials contains the correspondence of Chick Larsen, as well as a few family photographs. This series is arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","Series 3: Bound Publications contains bound materials such as conference programs, catalogs, and books. They are arranged alphabetically and then chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarl E. \"Chick\" Larsen was born in Newport News, Virginia, on February 2 1923. He acquired the nickname \"Chicken,\" later shortened to \"Chick,\" after eating three whole chickens after a skating outing with friends when he was 18. During World War II he served as a water tender third class in the U.S. Navy on the USS Argon. He married Dorothy M. McCutcheon in May 1944 and worked as a machinist in Newport News after the war. The Larsens had three children Carl Daniel, Karen, and Barbara. In 1950, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia, where Chick enrolled in the Richmond Professional Institute (now Virginia Commonwealth University), graduating in 1954 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Commercial Art. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChick Larsen is best known for his editorial work, much of which appeared in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/emph\u003e during his tenure at the newspaper, beginning as a staff artist in 1951. He was made an editorial cartoonist in 1968 and remained so until 1977 when he was appointed graphics presentation manager in the advertising department for Richmond Newspapers, Inc. His \"Carrier Toons\" strip was syndicated in Sunday newspapers from 1978 to 1986, and his work was featured on magazine ad book covers. He retired in 1988 and died in April 1991.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen was born in Newport News, Virginia, on February 2 1923. He acquired the nickname \"Chicken,\" later shortened to \"Chick,\" after eating three whole chickens after a skating outing with friends when he was 18. During World War II he served as a water tender third class in the U.S. Navy on the USS Argon. He married Dorothy M. McCutcheon in May 1944 and worked as a machinist in Newport News after the war. The Larsens had three children Carl Daniel, Karen, and Barbara. In 1950, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia, where Chick enrolled in the Richmond Professional Institute (now Virginia Commonwealth University), graduating in 1954 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Commercial Art.","Chick Larsen is best known for his editorial work, much of which appeared in the Richmond Times-Dispatch during his tenure at the newspaper, beginning as a staff artist in 1951. He was made an editorial cartoonist in 1968 and remained so until 1977 when he was appointed graphics presentation manager in the advertising department for Richmond Newspapers, Inc. His \"Carrier Toons\" strip was syndicated in Sunday newspapers from 1978 to 1986, and his work was featured on magazine ad book covers. He retired in 1988 and died in April 1991."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers, 1950-1989, Collection # M 417, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers, 1950-1989, Collection # M 417, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection primarily contains Larsen's editorial and other cartoon works from his time with the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/emph\u003e. This includes final copies as well as drafts and sketches of ideas. There are also newspaper copies of many of these works, particularly his \"Carrier Toons\" series. \nThe remainder of the collection is a small selection of correspondence, materials from his time as a student at Richmond Professional Institute, other professional work outside of his career as a cartoonist, and industry publications.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection primarily contains Larsen's editorial and other cartoon works from his time with the Richmond Times-Dispatch. This includes final copies as well as drafts and sketches of ideas. There are also newspaper copies of many of these works, particularly his \"Carrier Toons\" series. \nThe remainder of the collection is a small selection of correspondence, materials from his time as a student at Richmond Professional Institute, other professional work outside of his career as a cartoonist, and industry publications."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"persname_ssim":["Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"names_coll_ssim":["Larsen, Barbara"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":199,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:16.668Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c02_c06","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1962- 1967, 1962/1967","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c02_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c02_c06","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c02_c06"],"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c02_c06","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c02","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c02","parent_ssim":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers, 1940/1975","Series 2: Correpondence"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_585","vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"1962- 1967","title_ssm":["1962- 1967"],"title_tesim":["1962- 1967"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1962- 1967, 1962/1967"],"text":["1962- 1967, 1962/1967","Walther and Hertha Riese papers, 1940/1975","Series 2: Correpondence","box 23","folder 1--10"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers, 1940/1975","Series 2: Correpondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers, 1940/1975","Series 2: Correpondence"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1962/1967"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1962-1967"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":190,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers, 1940/1975"],"containers_ssim":["box 23","folder 1--10"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research, except for series 3, the majority of which is restricted under HIPAA. Please consult Special Collections and Archives staff for details."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#5","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:57.621Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_585","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_585.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Riese, Walther and Hertha, papers","title_ssm":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers"],"title_tesim":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1898-1975"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1898-1975"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940/1975"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers, 1940/1975"],"text":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers, 1940/1975","1982.03.25","/repositories/3/resources/585","Neuropathology","Neurology","The collection is open for research, except for series 3, the majority of which is restricted under HIPAA. Please consult Special Collections and Archives staff for details.","Materials are generally arranged alphabetically and then chronologically within. Exceptions are: Series 2, Correspondence, is arranged primarily chronologically, with some correspondence arranged in separate folders by subject. Series 3, Eastern State Hospital Files, are arranged with case studies arranged alphabetically first, followed by other subjects alphabetically. Series 6,Research Grants, are arranged chronologically. Series 7, Publications, are catalogued in the VCU Libraries online catalog. Please see the Separated Materials note for more information on Series 7 materials.","Walther Riese was born June 30, 1890 in Berlin, Germany to an affluent Jewish family. He studied medicine in Berlin, Strasbourg, and received his degree in 1915 from the University of Koenigsberg as part of an expedited program during World War I. After the war, he served as head of the Neuroanatomical Institute at the Frankfurt Clinic, where he shaped his ideas on holistic neurological function and treatment. During his tenure at the Frankfurt Clinic, he began a lifelong collaboration with neurologist and psychiatrist Kurt Goldstein.  After the end of the first World War, soldiers often returned home with illnesses caused by the war. Many German psychiatrists diagnosed these veterans with conditions that could be noted as unrelated to the traumas of war, thus relieving the German National Insurance system of fiscal responsibility for their care. Riese, however, continued to work in his patients' best interests, diagnosing them with war-related ailments and recommending treatments that treated their needs comprehensively.","Walther Riese married fellow physician Hertha Pataky in 1915. Hertha Pataky Riese was born in 1892 to a Jewish-Hungarian family. She studied in Frankfurt am Main and Berlin, obtaining her degree in 1916. After the war, she was Director of the Frankfurt Social and Sexual Counseling Center of the Federal Government for Maternal Protection, advocating for birth control and providing abortion services. Like many who were sexual health proponents in the 1920s, she promoted sterilization as a form of birth control, a view which she later abandoned. The Center provided services to both married and unwed mothers, which was unusual during this time period as most sexual health centers catered only to married women.","In January 1933, with the rise to power of the National Socialist (Nazi) Party, the Rieses found themselves imprisoned for their religious, political, and medical beliefs. Upon their release, the Rieses and their two daughters fled to Switzerland, only a few days before the German government instituted their Jewish passport system. The family then moved to France with the help of a Rockefeller Foundation research scholarship, where Walther reestablished a research program on comparative neuroanatomy at the University of Lyon. When Nazis invaded France, the family fled to Canada via Morocco, before eventually entering the United States. With a letter of reference from Goldstein and a signed affidavit from birth control advocate Margaret Sanger, Walther, who had obtained another Rockefeller Foundation scholarship, and his family secured residency status in the United States.","Once in the United States, Walther obtained a position at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV), where he built a neuropathology lab and served as a professor of neurology and the history of medicine. Much of his research focused on the history of disease and neurology. He became a pioneer in the field of neuroethics, neurohistory, and traumatology. During his tenure at MCV, he published The Conception of Disease and A History of Neurology in the 1950s, where he described \"neuroethics,\" a new concept in medicine. In 1969, in recognition of his life's work, Riese received the honorary title of professor emeritus at Frankfurt University where he had done much of his work between the world wars. Walther Riese died in 1976 in Richmond, Virginia.","Walther's widow Hertha lived until 1981. Her career in the United States took a different path. Despite her medical qualifications, she was unable to find a suitable professional position as a physician. In 1943 she co-founded the Educational Therapy and Day Care Center in a back room of the \"colored library\" in Richmond. The center focused on \"extremely deprived\" and neglected youth, particularly African American children. The center later changed it's name to the Educational Therapy Center and, in 1948, officially became affiliated with the State Department of Mental Hygiene. Her work as director of the center culminated in the book Heal the Hurt Child published in 1962. She retired a year later.","The papers were originally processed in 1989. In 2019, the collection was rehoused into new acid-free boxes and a some reprocessing occured. A DACS-compliant finding aid was written as well.","The materials mostly focus on Walther Riese's professional work and life after imigrating to the United States. There are also materials related to his personal life, predominantly in Series 2 and 5. Some materials of and by Hertha Pataky Riese are included, primarily in Series 4.\nThe majority of the collection materials are in English, with some in German and French. The papers are arranged into seven series.","Series 1: Research and Writings (1939-1978, undated). Series 1 contains of the writings of Walther Riese related to his many research interests. Of particular note are his writings and research files on aphasia and neurological disorders, as well as histories of numerous medical procedures and conditions. Researchers should also consult Series 5 for more information on his research interests.","Series 2: Correspondence (1915-1975, undated. Bulk 1940-1975). Series 2 contains the correspondence of Water Riese. It covers the majority of his adult life, and includes both professional and personal correspondence. While there is some early correspondence, the majority is related to his life after moving to the United States.","Series 3: Eastern State Hospital Files (1940-1960, undated). Series 3 is comprised of case studies from Eastern State Hospital case study files. It also contains correspondence, lecture and research notes, as well as an annual report.","Series 4: Educational Therapy Center Files (1949-1968). Series 4 contains case studies from the Educational Therapy Center while it was part of the Department of Mental Hygiene, and is the bulk of the materials from Hertha Pataky Riese.","Series 5: Subject files (1912-1975). Series 5 is comprised of both research and personal files. Many of the materials relating to Walther Riese's work as a professor at MCV, historian of medicine, and with professional organizations are located in this series. Similar materials may also be found in Series 1.","Series 6: Research Grants (1954-1967). Series 6 contains grant applications and other documents related to grants received by Riese.information on grants received and applied for.","Series 7: Publications. Series 7 is comprised of materials published by the Rieses.","Materials under Series 7 has been added to the General Collection, and can be searched using the library catalog.","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Virginia. Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals","Riese, Walther, 1890-1976","Riese, Hertha Pataky, 1892-1981","English\n      German\n      French"],"collection_title_tesim":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers, 1940/1975"],"collection_ssim":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers, 1940/1975"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1982.03.25","/repositories/3/resources/585"],"unitid_tesim":["1982.03.25","/repositories/3/resources/585"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Riese, Walther, 1890-1976","Riese, Hertha Pataky, 1892-1981"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Virginia. Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals"],"creators_ssim":["Riese, Walther, 1890-1976","Riese, Hertha Pataky, 1892-1981","VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Virginia. Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Roland Villars in 1982."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Neuropathology","Neurology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Neuropathology","Neurology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.29 Linear Feet 39 5\" document cases, 1 is legal sized\n1 records storage box"],"extent_tesim":["15.29 Linear Feet 39 5\" document cases, 1 is legal sized\n1 records storage box"],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research, except for series 3, the majority of which is restricted under HIPAA. Please consult Special Collections and Archives staff for details.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research, except for series 3, the majority of which is restricted under HIPAA. Please consult Special Collections and Archives staff for details."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are generally arranged alphabetically and then chronologically within. Exceptions are: Series 2, Correspondence, is arranged primarily chronologically, with some correspondence arranged in separate folders by subject. Series 3, Eastern State Hospital Files, are arranged with case studies arranged alphabetically first, followed by other subjects alphabetically. Series 6,Research Grants, are arranged chronologically. Series 7, Publications, are catalogued in the VCU Libraries online catalog. Please see the Separated Materials note for more information on Series 7 materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials are generally arranged alphabetically and then chronologically within. Exceptions are: Series 2, Correspondence, is arranged primarily chronologically, with some correspondence arranged in separate folders by subject. Series 3, Eastern State Hospital Files, are arranged with case studies arranged alphabetically first, followed by other subjects alphabetically. Series 6,Research Grants, are arranged chronologically. Series 7, Publications, are catalogued in the VCU Libraries online catalog. Please see the Separated Materials note for more information on Series 7 materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWalther Riese was born June 30, 1890 in Berlin, Germany to an affluent Jewish family. He studied medicine in Berlin, Strasbourg, and received his degree in 1915 from the University of Koenigsberg as part of an expedited program during World War I. After the war, he served as head of the Neuroanatomical Institute at the Frankfurt Clinic, where he shaped his ideas on holistic neurological function and treatment. During his tenure at the Frankfurt Clinic, he began a lifelong collaboration with neurologist and psychiatrist Kurt Goldstein.  After the end of the first World War, soldiers often returned home with illnesses caused by the war. Many German psychiatrists diagnosed these veterans with conditions that could be noted as unrelated to the traumas of war, thus relieving the German National Insurance system of fiscal responsibility for their care. Riese, however, continued to work in his patients' best interests, diagnosing them with war-related ailments and recommending treatments that treated their needs comprehensively.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalther Riese married fellow physician Hertha Pataky in 1915. Hertha Pataky Riese was born in 1892 to a Jewish-Hungarian family. She studied in Frankfurt am Main and Berlin, obtaining her degree in 1916. After the war, she was Director of the Frankfurt Social and Sexual Counseling Center of the Federal Government for Maternal Protection, advocating for birth control and providing abortion services. Like many who were sexual health proponents in the 1920s, she promoted sterilization as a form of birth control, a view which she later abandoned. The Center provided services to both married and unwed mothers, which was unusual during this time period as most sexual health centers catered only to married women.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn January 1933, with the rise to power of the National Socialist (Nazi) Party, the Rieses found themselves imprisoned for their religious, political, and medical beliefs. Upon their release, the Rieses and their two daughters fled to Switzerland, only a few days before the German government instituted their Jewish passport system. The family then moved to France with the help of a Rockefeller Foundation research scholarship, where Walther reestablished a research program on comparative neuroanatomy at the University of Lyon. When Nazis invaded France, the family fled to Canada via Morocco, before eventually entering the United States. With a letter of reference from Goldstein and a signed affidavit from birth control advocate Margaret Sanger, Walther, who had obtained another Rockefeller Foundation scholarship, and his family secured residency status in the United States. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOnce in the United States, Walther obtained a position at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV), where he built a neuropathology lab and served as a professor of neurology and the history of medicine. Much of his research focused on the history of disease and neurology. He became a pioneer in the field of neuroethics, neurohistory, and traumatology. During his tenure at MCV, he published \u003ctitle\u003eThe Conception of Disease\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle\u003eA History of Neurology\u003c/title\u003e in the 1950s, where he described \"neuroethics,\" a new concept in medicine. In 1969, in recognition of his life's work, Riese received the honorary title of professor emeritus at Frankfurt University where he had done much of his work between the world wars. Walther Riese died in 1976 in Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalther's widow Hertha lived until 1981. Her career in the United States took a different path. Despite her medical qualifications, she was unable to find a suitable professional position as a physician. In 1943 she co-founded the Educational Therapy and Day Care Center in a back room of the \"colored library\" in Richmond. The center focused on \"extremely deprived\" and neglected youth, particularly African American children. The center later changed it's name to the Educational Therapy Center and, in 1948, officially became affiliated with the State Department of Mental Hygiene. Her work as director of the center culminated in the book \u003ctitle\u003eHeal the Hurt Child published\u003c/title\u003e in 1962. She retired a year later. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Walther Riese was born June 30, 1890 in Berlin, Germany to an affluent Jewish family. He studied medicine in Berlin, Strasbourg, and received his degree in 1915 from the University of Koenigsberg as part of an expedited program during World War I. After the war, he served as head of the Neuroanatomical Institute at the Frankfurt Clinic, where he shaped his ideas on holistic neurological function and treatment. During his tenure at the Frankfurt Clinic, he began a lifelong collaboration with neurologist and psychiatrist Kurt Goldstein.  After the end of the first World War, soldiers often returned home with illnesses caused by the war. Many German psychiatrists diagnosed these veterans with conditions that could be noted as unrelated to the traumas of war, thus relieving the German National Insurance system of fiscal responsibility for their care. Riese, however, continued to work in his patients' best interests, diagnosing them with war-related ailments and recommending treatments that treated their needs comprehensively.","Walther Riese married fellow physician Hertha Pataky in 1915. Hertha Pataky Riese was born in 1892 to a Jewish-Hungarian family. She studied in Frankfurt am Main and Berlin, obtaining her degree in 1916. After the war, she was Director of the Frankfurt Social and Sexual Counseling Center of the Federal Government for Maternal Protection, advocating for birth control and providing abortion services. Like many who were sexual health proponents in the 1920s, she promoted sterilization as a form of birth control, a view which she later abandoned. The Center provided services to both married and unwed mothers, which was unusual during this time period as most sexual health centers catered only to married women.","In January 1933, with the rise to power of the National Socialist (Nazi) Party, the Rieses found themselves imprisoned for their religious, political, and medical beliefs. Upon their release, the Rieses and their two daughters fled to Switzerland, only a few days before the German government instituted their Jewish passport system. The family then moved to France with the help of a Rockefeller Foundation research scholarship, where Walther reestablished a research program on comparative neuroanatomy at the University of Lyon. When Nazis invaded France, the family fled to Canada via Morocco, before eventually entering the United States. With a letter of reference from Goldstein and a signed affidavit from birth control advocate Margaret Sanger, Walther, who had obtained another Rockefeller Foundation scholarship, and his family secured residency status in the United States.","Once in the United States, Walther obtained a position at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV), where he built a neuropathology lab and served as a professor of neurology and the history of medicine. Much of his research focused on the history of disease and neurology. He became a pioneer in the field of neuroethics, neurohistory, and traumatology. During his tenure at MCV, he published The Conception of Disease and A History of Neurology in the 1950s, where he described \"neuroethics,\" a new concept in medicine. In 1969, in recognition of his life's work, Riese received the honorary title of professor emeritus at Frankfurt University where he had done much of his work between the world wars. Walther Riese died in 1976 in Richmond, Virginia.","Walther's widow Hertha lived until 1981. Her career in the United States took a different path. Despite her medical qualifications, she was unable to find a suitable professional position as a physician. In 1943 she co-founded the Educational Therapy and Day Care Center in a back room of the \"colored library\" in Richmond. The center focused on \"extremely deprived\" and neglected youth, particularly African American children. The center later changed it's name to the Educational Therapy Center and, in 1948, officially became affiliated with the State Department of Mental Hygiene. Her work as director of the center culminated in the book Heal the Hurt Child published in 1962. She retired a year later."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWalther and Hertha Riese papers, 1898-1975, Collection number 1982.03.25, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Walther and Hertha Riese papers, 1898-1975, Collection number 1982.03.25, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers were originally processed in 1989. In 2019, the collection was rehoused into new acid-free boxes and a some reprocessing occured. A DACS-compliant finding aid was written as well.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The papers were originally processed in 1989. In 2019, the collection was rehoused into new acid-free boxes and a some reprocessing occured. A DACS-compliant finding aid was written as well."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials mostly focus on Walther Riese's professional work and life after imigrating to the United States. There are also materials related to his personal life, predominantly in Series 2 and 5. Some materials of and by Hertha Pataky Riese are included, primarily in Series 4.\nThe majority of the collection materials are in English, with some in German and French. The papers are arranged into seven series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Research and Writings (1939-1978, undated). Series 1 contains of the writings of Walther Riese related to his many research interests. Of particular note are his writings and research files on aphasia and neurological disorders, as well as histories of numerous medical procedures and conditions. Researchers should also consult Series 5 for more information on his research interests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correspondence (1915-1975, undated. Bulk 1940-1975). Series 2 contains the correspondence of Water Riese. It covers the majority of his adult life, and includes both professional and personal correspondence. While there is some early correspondence, the majority is related to his life after moving to the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Eastern State Hospital Files (1940-1960, undated). Series 3 is comprised of case studies from Eastern State Hospital case study files. It also contains correspondence, lecture and research notes, as well as an annual report.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Educational Therapy Center Files (1949-1968). Series 4 contains case studies from the Educational Therapy Center while it was part of the Department of Mental Hygiene, and is the bulk of the materials from Hertha Pataky Riese.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Subject files (1912-1975). Series 5 is comprised of both research and personal files. Many of the materials relating to Walther Riese's work as a professor at MCV, historian of medicine, and with professional organizations are located in this series. Similar materials may also be found in Series 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Research Grants (1954-1967). Series 6 contains grant applications and other documents related to grants received by Riese.information on grants received and applied for.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Publications. Series 7 is comprised of materials published by the Rieses. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials mostly focus on Walther Riese's professional work and life after imigrating to the United States. There are also materials related to his personal life, predominantly in Series 2 and 5. Some materials of and by Hertha Pataky Riese are included, primarily in Series 4.\nThe majority of the collection materials are in English, with some in German and French. The papers are arranged into seven series.","Series 1: Research and Writings (1939-1978, undated). Series 1 contains of the writings of Walther Riese related to his many research interests. Of particular note are his writings and research files on aphasia and neurological disorders, as well as histories of numerous medical procedures and conditions. Researchers should also consult Series 5 for more information on his research interests.","Series 2: Correspondence (1915-1975, undated. Bulk 1940-1975). Series 2 contains the correspondence of Water Riese. It covers the majority of his adult life, and includes both professional and personal correspondence. While there is some early correspondence, the majority is related to his life after moving to the United States.","Series 3: Eastern State Hospital Files (1940-1960, undated). Series 3 is comprised of case studies from Eastern State Hospital case study files. It also contains correspondence, lecture and research notes, as well as an annual report.","Series 4: Educational Therapy Center Files (1949-1968). Series 4 contains case studies from the Educational Therapy Center while it was part of the Department of Mental Hygiene, and is the bulk of the materials from Hertha Pataky Riese.","Series 5: Subject files (1912-1975). Series 5 is comprised of both research and personal files. Many of the materials relating to Walther Riese's work as a professor at MCV, historian of medicine, and with professional organizations are located in this series. Similar materials may also be found in Series 1.","Series 6: Research Grants (1954-1967). Series 6 contains grant applications and other documents related to grants received by Riese.information on grants received and applied for.","Series 7: Publications. Series 7 is comprised of materials published by the Rieses."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials under Series 7 has been added to the General Collection, and can be searched using the library catalog.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Materials under Series 7 has been added to the General Collection, and can be searched using the library catalog."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Virginia. Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals"],"names_coll_ssim":["Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Virginia. Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals","Riese, Walther, 1890-1976","Riese, Hertha Pataky, 1892-1981"],"persname_ssim":["Riese, Walther, 1890-1976","Riese, Hertha Pataky, 1892-1981"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Virginia. Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals","Riese, Walther, 1890-1976","Riese, Hertha Pataky, 1892-1981"],"language_ssim":["English\n      German\n      French"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":352,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:57.621Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_585_c02_c06"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586_c21","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1962-1970 Minutes book (1/2), 1962/1965","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_586_c21#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586_c21","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_586_c21"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586_c21","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586","parent_ssim":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_586"],"title_filing_ssi":"1962-1970 Minutes book (1/2)","title_ssm":["1962-1970 Minutes book (1/2)"],"title_tesim":["1962-1970 Minutes book (1/2)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1962-1970 Minutes book (1/2), 1962/1965"],"text":["1962-1970 Minutes book (1/2), 1962/1965","Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999","box 2","folder 4"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1962/1965"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1962-1965"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":21,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999"],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 4"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1962,1963,1964,1965],"_nest_path_":"/components#20","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:16.668Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_586.xml","title_ssm":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records"],"title_tesim":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1936-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999"],"text":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999","M 321","/repositories/5/resources/586","Virginia -- Richmond","Social service -- Virginia -- Richmond -- History","Interdenominational cooperation","Religious institutions","Social service -- Virginia","Voluntarism","Collection is open to research.","The Interfaith Council of Richmond records are arranged chronologically, largely following their original order. Prior to 1960, correspondence, minutes, etc. were generally organized by year, with some exceptions. Folders in box 1 that begin with a president's name have been slightly reorganized to follow the format of presidential terms (which started in May) instead of calendar years. Otherwise, original groupings and arrangement have been preserved. Post-1960, the collection was predominately organized chronologically in albums of each president's term, with some binders of meeting minutes and other administrative documents spanning multiple terms. Collection materials have been removed from binders and albums and added to folders, but the groupings have been preserved.","The Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond (ICGR) is an organization of 19 different religious denominations in the city of Richmond, Virginia and surrounding counties. The 98 member congregations within these faith groups bring together diverse doctrinal, cultural, and ethnic backgrounds.","Prior to 1900, it was common for volunteers from various religious groups to assume some responsibility for public welfare in their communities. However, with the development of the profession of Social Work in the 1920s, many city governments began to employ public welfare workers. The need for communication among the public and private organizations, professionals, and volunteers in Richmond, VA led to the formation of the Richmond Council of Social Agencies in the early 1920s, and subsequently the Richmond Community Fund in 1924. Dr. Arthur Guild was the Executive Director of both groups.","There was confusion between the new social work professionals and volunteers from churches engaged in public welfare work around the new division of responsibilities. The Council of Social Agencies along with the Richmond Ministerial Union saw the need for understanding and cooperation between religious communities and the social agencies. To address this need, the Rev. Dr. James C. Faw, a member of the Board of Directors for both agencies, turned to the women of the churches and synagogues who were already organized within their organizations. The recommendation passed and a subcommittee of the Council was established. Dr. Faw and Mr. Guild assisted women from three faiths - Protestant, Catholic and Jewish - to organize the Council of Church Women in 1929 as a Sub-Council of the Council of Society Agencies. This Council of Church Women was the first name of the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond. Mrs. McClean Whittet became the first Chair.","In 1940, the name of the Council of Church Women was changed to The Interfaith Council of the Richmond Area Church Women to avoid confusion with The Women's Council of Churches, an existing Protestant group.","In 1979, The Interfaith Council of Richmond Area Church Women shortened its name to The Interfaith Council in order to reflect more clearly the diversity of religious traditions it represented. The Baha'i Faith was the first expansion faith to join ICGR in the 1970s. In the same year, the Interfaith Council accepted an invitation to affiliate with the National Conference of Christians and Jews (NCCJ). In 1991-92, the Council added the Virginia Council of Churches (VCC) and the Virginia Interfaith Center for Public Policy to its circle of affiliations.","In 1986, the Interfaith Council changed its name to the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond (ICGR) to expand its membership to the entire area. In 1991-92, representatives from Muslim, Sikh, Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, and American Baptist groups were welcomed into membership. Previously, the group almsot exclusively represented Christian and Jewish religious denominations.","In 1983-84, a member of the Greek Orthodox Church and in 1991-92, a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints were elected President. The Board voted in January 1992 to incorporate all member religious organizations into the rotation for presidential election.","Past Presidents of ICGR\nnote: pre-1990, the vast majority of the ICGR presidents were identified by their husband's name in official documentation. Women's full names have been included where we were able to find them.","1929-30 Mrs. McLean Whittet, Presbyterian\n1930-32 Mrs. Franklin Johnson, Baptist\n1932-34\tMrs. James A. Richardson, Methodist\n1934-36\tMrs. Raphael Levy, Jewish\n1936-38\tMrs. J. McC. C. Greathead, Episcopal\n1938-40\tMrs. Carroll C. Roberts, Christian\n1940-42\tHenrietta Knightly, Catholic\n1942-44\tMrs. T. W. Smith, Baptist\n1944-45\tMrs. James E. Gardner, Lutheran\n1945-46\tMrs. John 0. MacKinnon, Unitarian\n1946-47\tArleene (sometimes spelled Arleen) G. Fairly, Presbyterian\n1947-48\tMrs. Henry Fine, Jewish\n1948-49\tMrs. Dalton Flanagan, Methodist\n1949-50\tMrs. Cyrus M. Bache, Episcopal\n1950-51\tMrs. Bernard W. Glass, Christian\n1951-52\tMrs. W. J. Burlee, Sr., Catholic\n1952-53\tMrs. E. Harold Thompson, Baptist\n1953-54\tMrs. B. V. VanHorn, Presbyterian\n1954-55\tMrs. Lewis Markel, Sr., Jewish\n1955-56\tMrs. C. W. Hinchman, Methodist\n1956-57\tMrs. Frank O. Higgins, Episcopal\n1957-58\tMrs. Alton C. Griffin, Christian\n1958-59\tMrs. Herman F. Gallasch, Lutheran\n1959-60\tKathryne Crowe, Catholic\n1960 Mrs. E.F. MacDonald (resigned), Unknown\n1960-61\tJosephine Baskerville (completed MacDonald's term before starting her own), Baptist\n1961-62\tLucy Blanton, Presbyterian\n1962-63\tBertha Meyer, Jewish\n1963-64\tMartha Carson, Methodist\n1964-65\tPolly Parker, Episcopal\n1965-66\tJune H. Jarman, Christian\n1966-67\tDorothy Gundlach, Catholic\n1967-68\tGeorgia Dieker, Baptist\n1968-69\tInez Hartley, Presbyterian\n1969-70\tMrs. Bert Mann, Jewish\n1970-71\tDorothy Turner, Methodist\n1971-72\tAnne McKenney, Episcopal\n1972-73\tHelen Pohling, Lutheran\n1973-74\tMrs. Edmund G. Schmitz, Catholic\n1974-75\tMrs. William P. Anderson, Presbyterian\n1975-76\tBertha Laster, Jewish\n1976-77\tPhyllis  Clifford, Baptist\n1977-78\tSophia U. Hodges, Methodist\n1978-79\tMrs. Edward L. Hill, Episcopal\n1979-80\tLouise Hawkins, Lutheran\n1980-81\tLeslie C. Boze, Presbyterian\n1981-82\tLeigh Budwell, Baptist\n1982-83\tMrs. Earl 0. Sims, Catholic\n1983-84\tHelen Parthemos, Greek Orthodox\n1984-85\tRita Stein, Jewish\n1985-86\tDr. Vivien K. Ely, Methodist\n1986-87\tLouise Lipscomb, Episcopal\n1987-88\tRuby Turner, Lutheran\n1988-89\tGrace Deane, Presbyterian\n1989-90\tVirginia Johnson, Baptist\n1990-91\tDolores Ross, Catholic\n1991-92\tDr. Lee Pratt, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n1992-93\tBarni Schlein, Jewish\n1993-94\tZoa Mottley, Methodist\n1994-95\tLouise Reza, Unitarian\n1995-96\tMidge Falconer, Bahá'i\n1996-97\tSaba Abed, Islam\n1997-98\tShobha Shenoy, Hindu\n1998-99\tJoan E. v.H. Everett, Episcopal\n1999-00\tIngrid Zoll Vetter, Lutheran\n2000-01\tMiriam T. Bailey, Presbyterian\n2001-02\tVirginia Smith, Baptist\n2002-03\tSharon C. Clayton, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n2003-04\tAnne H. Woods, Jewish\n2004-05 Marian Agnew, Bahá'í\n2005-06 Dr. Jeffrey Clark, Unitarian Universalist\n2006-07 Lynn Johnston, Unity\n2007-08 Annette Khan, Islam\n2008-09 Dr. Baljit S. Sidhu, Sikh\n2009-10 Kusum Jain, Jain\n2010-11 Sandy Willis, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n2011-12 Malik Khan, Islam\n2012-13 Rebecca Skinner, Unity\n2013-14 Rebecca Skinner, Unity\n2014-15 Sabrina Dent, Member at Large\n2015-16 Sabrina Dent, Member at Large\n2016-17 Ashley Pelli, Omnism","The materials in this collection range from 1936 to 1999 and include correspondence, treasurer's reports, meeting minutes, photographs, yearbooks, news clippings, and ephemera from the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond. The collection highlights the annual events and the meetings of the organization.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999"],"collection_ssim":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 321","/repositories/5/resources/586"],"unitid_tesim":["M 321","/repositories/5/resources/586"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Richmond"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Richmond"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Richmond"],"creator_ssm":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond"],"creator_ssim":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond"],"creators_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond, VA in 2003"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Social service -- Virginia -- Richmond -- History","Interdenominational cooperation","Religious institutions","Social service -- Virginia","Voluntarism"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Social service -- Virginia -- Richmond -- History","Interdenominational cooperation","Religious institutions","Social service -- Virginia","Voluntarism"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.33 Linear Feet 8 letter document boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3.33 Linear Feet 8 letter document boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Interfaith Council of Richmond records are arranged chronologically, largely following their original order. Prior to 1960, correspondence, minutes, etc. were generally organized by year, with some exceptions. Folders in box 1 that begin with a president's name have been slightly reorganized to follow the format of presidential terms (which started in May) instead of calendar years. Otherwise, original groupings and arrangement have been preserved. Post-1960, the collection was predominately organized chronologically in albums of each president's term, with some binders of meeting minutes and other administrative documents spanning multiple terms. Collection materials have been removed from binders and albums and added to folders, but the groupings have been preserved.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Interfaith Council of Richmond records are arranged chronologically, largely following their original order. Prior to 1960, correspondence, minutes, etc. were generally organized by year, with some exceptions. Folders in box 1 that begin with a president's name have been slightly reorganized to follow the format of presidential terms (which started in May) instead of calendar years. Otherwise, original groupings and arrangement have been preserved. Post-1960, the collection was predominately organized chronologically in albums of each president's term, with some binders of meeting minutes and other administrative documents spanning multiple terms. Collection materials have been removed from binders and albums and added to folders, but the groupings have been preserved."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond (ICGR) is an organization of 19 different religious denominations in the city of Richmond, Virginia and surrounding counties. The 98 member congregations within these faith groups bring together diverse doctrinal, cultural, and ethnic backgrounds. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrior to 1900, it was common for volunteers from various religious groups to assume some responsibility for public welfare in their communities. However, with the development of the profession of Social Work in the 1920s, many city governments began to employ public welfare workers. The need for communication among the public and private organizations, professionals, and volunteers in Richmond, VA led to the formation of the Richmond Council of Social Agencies in the early 1920s, and subsequently the Richmond Community Fund in 1924. Dr. Arthur Guild was the Executive Director of both groups.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere was confusion between the new social work professionals and volunteers from churches engaged in public welfare work around the new division of responsibilities. The Council of Social Agencies along with the Richmond Ministerial Union saw the need for understanding and cooperation between religious communities and the social agencies. To address this need, the Rev. Dr. James C. Faw, a member of the Board of Directors for both agencies, turned to the women of the churches and synagogues who were already organized within their organizations. The recommendation passed and a subcommittee of the Council was established. Dr. Faw and Mr. Guild assisted women from three faiths - Protestant, Catholic and Jewish - to organize the Council of Church Women in 1929 as a Sub-Council of the Council of Society Agencies. This Council of Church Women was the first name of the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond. Mrs. McClean Whittet became the first Chair.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1940, the name of the Council of Church Women was changed to The Interfaith Council of the Richmond Area Church Women to avoid confusion with The Women's Council of Churches, an existing Protestant group. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1979, The Interfaith Council of Richmond Area Church Women shortened its name to The Interfaith Council in order to reflect more clearly the diversity of religious traditions it represented. The Baha'i Faith was the first expansion faith to join ICGR in the 1970s. In the same year, the Interfaith Council accepted an invitation to affiliate with the National Conference of Christians and Jews (NCCJ). In 1991-92, the Council added the Virginia Council of Churches (VCC) and the Virginia Interfaith Center for Public Policy to its circle of affiliations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1986, the Interfaith Council changed its name to the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond (ICGR) to expand its membership to the entire area. In 1991-92, representatives from Muslim, Sikh, Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, and American Baptist groups were welcomed into membership. Previously, the group almsot exclusively represented Christian and Jewish religious denominations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1983-84, a member of the Greek Orthodox Church and in 1991-92, a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints were elected President. The Board voted in January 1992 to incorporate all member religious organizations into the rotation for presidential election.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePast Presidents of ICGR\u003c/emph\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003enote: pre-1990, the vast majority of the ICGR presidents were identified by their husband's name in official documentation. Women's full names have been included where we were able to find them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1929-30 Mrs. McLean Whittet, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e1930-32 Mrs. Franklin Johnson, Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e1932-34\tMrs. James A. Richardson, Methodist\n\u003cbr\u003e1934-36\tMrs. Raphael Levy, Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e1936-38\tMrs. J. McC. C. Greathead, Episcopal\n\u003cbr\u003e1938-40\tMrs. Carroll C. Roberts, Christian\n\u003cbr\u003e1940-42\tHenrietta Knightly, Catholic\n\u003cbr\u003e1942-44\tMrs. T. W. Smith, Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e1944-45\tMrs. James E. Gardner, Lutheran\n\u003cbr\u003e1945-46\tMrs. John 0. MacKinnon, Unitarian\n\u003cbr\u003e1946-47\tArleene (sometimes spelled Arleen) G. Fairly, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e1947-48\tMrs. Henry Fine, Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e1948-49\tMrs. Dalton Flanagan, Methodist\n\u003cbr\u003e1949-50\tMrs. Cyrus M. Bache, Episcopal\n\u003cbr\u003e1950-51\tMrs. Bernard W. Glass, Christian\n\u003cbr\u003e1951-52\tMrs. W. J. Burlee, Sr., Catholic\n\u003cbr\u003e1952-53\tMrs. E. Harold Thompson, Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e1953-54\tMrs. B. V. VanHorn, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e1954-55\tMrs. Lewis Markel, Sr., Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e1955-56\tMrs. C. W. Hinchman, Methodist\n\u003cbr\u003e1956-57\tMrs. Frank O. Higgins, Episcopal\n\u003cbr\u003e1957-58\tMrs. Alton C. Griffin, Christian\n\u003cbr\u003e1958-59\tMrs. Herman F. Gallasch, Lutheran\n\u003cbr\u003e1959-60\tKathryne Crowe, Catholic\n\u003cbr\u003e1960 Mrs. E.F. MacDonald (resigned), Unknown\n\u003cbr\u003e1960-61\tJosephine Baskerville (completed MacDonald's term before starting her own), Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e1961-62\tLucy Blanton, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e1962-63\tBertha Meyer, Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e1963-64\tMartha Carson, Methodist\n\u003cbr\u003e1964-65\tPolly Parker, Episcopal\n\u003cbr\u003e1965-66\tJune H. Jarman, Christian\n\u003cbr\u003e1966-67\tDorothy Gundlach, Catholic\n\u003cbr\u003e1967-68\tGeorgia Dieker, Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e1968-69\tInez Hartley, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e1969-70\tMrs. Bert Mann, Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e1970-71\tDorothy Turner, Methodist\n\u003cbr\u003e1971-72\tAnne McKenney, Episcopal\n\u003cbr\u003e1972-73\tHelen Pohling, Lutheran\n\u003cbr\u003e1973-74\tMrs. Edmund G. Schmitz, Catholic\n\u003cbr\u003e1974-75\tMrs. William P. Anderson, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e1975-76\tBertha Laster, Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e1976-77\tPhyllis  Clifford, Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e1977-78\tSophia U. Hodges, Methodist\n\u003cbr\u003e1978-79\tMrs. Edward L. Hill, Episcopal\n\u003cbr\u003e1979-80\tLouise Hawkins, Lutheran\n\u003cbr\u003e1980-81\tLeslie C. Boze, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e1981-82\tLeigh Budwell, Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e1982-83\tMrs. Earl 0. Sims, Catholic\n\u003cbr\u003e1983-84\tHelen Parthemos, Greek Orthodox\n\u003cbr\u003e1984-85\tRita Stein, Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e1985-86\tDr. Vivien K. Ely, Methodist\n\u003cbr\u003e1986-87\tLouise Lipscomb, Episcopal\n\u003cbr\u003e1987-88\tRuby Turner, Lutheran\n\u003cbr\u003e1988-89\tGrace Deane, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e1989-90\tVirginia Johnson, Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e1990-91\tDolores Ross, Catholic\n\u003cbr\u003e1991-92\tDr. Lee Pratt, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n\u003cbr\u003e1992-93\tBarni Schlein, Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e1993-94\tZoa Mottley, Methodist\n\u003cbr\u003e1994-95\tLouise Reza, Unitarian\n\u003cbr\u003e1995-96\tMidge Falconer, Bahá'i\n\u003cbr\u003e1996-97\tSaba Abed, Islam\n\u003cbr\u003e1997-98\tShobha Shenoy, Hindu\n\u003cbr\u003e1998-99\tJoan E. v.H. Everett, Episcopal\n\u003cbr\u003e1999-00\tIngrid Zoll Vetter, Lutheran\n\u003cbr\u003e2000-01\tMiriam T. Bailey, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e2001-02\tVirginia Smith, Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e2002-03\tSharon C. Clayton, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n\u003cbr\u003e2003-04\tAnne H. Woods, Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e2004-05 Marian Agnew, Bahá'í\n\u003cbr\u003e2005-06 Dr. Jeffrey Clark, Unitarian Universalist\n\u003cbr\u003e2006-07 Lynn Johnston, Unity\n\u003cbr\u003e2007-08 Annette Khan, Islam\n\u003cbr\u003e2008-09 Dr. Baljit S. Sidhu, Sikh\n\u003cbr\u003e2009-10 Kusum Jain, Jain\n\u003cbr\u003e2010-11 Sandy Willis, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n\u003cbr\u003e2011-12 Malik Khan, Islam\n\u003cbr\u003e2012-13 Rebecca Skinner, Unity\n\u003cbr\u003e2013-14 Rebecca Skinner, Unity\n\u003cbr\u003e2014-15 Sabrina Dent, Member at Large\n\u003cbr\u003e2015-16 Sabrina Dent, Member at Large\n\u003cbr\u003e2016-17 Ashley Pelli, Omnism\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond (ICGR) is an organization of 19 different religious denominations in the city of Richmond, Virginia and surrounding counties. The 98 member congregations within these faith groups bring together diverse doctrinal, cultural, and ethnic backgrounds.","Prior to 1900, it was common for volunteers from various religious groups to assume some responsibility for public welfare in their communities. However, with the development of the profession of Social Work in the 1920s, many city governments began to employ public welfare workers. The need for communication among the public and private organizations, professionals, and volunteers in Richmond, VA led to the formation of the Richmond Council of Social Agencies in the early 1920s, and subsequently the Richmond Community Fund in 1924. Dr. Arthur Guild was the Executive Director of both groups.","There was confusion between the new social work professionals and volunteers from churches engaged in public welfare work around the new division of responsibilities. The Council of Social Agencies along with the Richmond Ministerial Union saw the need for understanding and cooperation between religious communities and the social agencies. To address this need, the Rev. Dr. James C. Faw, a member of the Board of Directors for both agencies, turned to the women of the churches and synagogues who were already organized within their organizations. The recommendation passed and a subcommittee of the Council was established. Dr. Faw and Mr. Guild assisted women from three faiths - Protestant, Catholic and Jewish - to organize the Council of Church Women in 1929 as a Sub-Council of the Council of Society Agencies. This Council of Church Women was the first name of the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond. Mrs. McClean Whittet became the first Chair.","In 1940, the name of the Council of Church Women was changed to The Interfaith Council of the Richmond Area Church Women to avoid confusion with The Women's Council of Churches, an existing Protestant group.","In 1979, The Interfaith Council of Richmond Area Church Women shortened its name to The Interfaith Council in order to reflect more clearly the diversity of religious traditions it represented. The Baha'i Faith was the first expansion faith to join ICGR in the 1970s. In the same year, the Interfaith Council accepted an invitation to affiliate with the National Conference of Christians and Jews (NCCJ). In 1991-92, the Council added the Virginia Council of Churches (VCC) and the Virginia Interfaith Center for Public Policy to its circle of affiliations.","In 1986, the Interfaith Council changed its name to the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond (ICGR) to expand its membership to the entire area. In 1991-92, representatives from Muslim, Sikh, Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, and American Baptist groups were welcomed into membership. Previously, the group almsot exclusively represented Christian and Jewish religious denominations.","In 1983-84, a member of the Greek Orthodox Church and in 1991-92, a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints were elected President. The Board voted in January 1992 to incorporate all member religious organizations into the rotation for presidential election.","Past Presidents of ICGR\nnote: pre-1990, the vast majority of the ICGR presidents were identified by their husband's name in official documentation. Women's full names have been included where we were able to find them.","1929-30 Mrs. McLean Whittet, Presbyterian\n1930-32 Mrs. Franklin Johnson, Baptist\n1932-34\tMrs. James A. Richardson, Methodist\n1934-36\tMrs. Raphael Levy, Jewish\n1936-38\tMrs. J. McC. C. Greathead, Episcopal\n1938-40\tMrs. Carroll C. Roberts, Christian\n1940-42\tHenrietta Knightly, Catholic\n1942-44\tMrs. T. W. Smith, Baptist\n1944-45\tMrs. James E. Gardner, Lutheran\n1945-46\tMrs. John 0. MacKinnon, Unitarian\n1946-47\tArleene (sometimes spelled Arleen) G. Fairly, Presbyterian\n1947-48\tMrs. Henry Fine, Jewish\n1948-49\tMrs. Dalton Flanagan, Methodist\n1949-50\tMrs. Cyrus M. Bache, Episcopal\n1950-51\tMrs. Bernard W. Glass, Christian\n1951-52\tMrs. W. J. Burlee, Sr., Catholic\n1952-53\tMrs. E. Harold Thompson, Baptist\n1953-54\tMrs. B. V. VanHorn, Presbyterian\n1954-55\tMrs. Lewis Markel, Sr., Jewish\n1955-56\tMrs. C. W. Hinchman, Methodist\n1956-57\tMrs. Frank O. Higgins, Episcopal\n1957-58\tMrs. Alton C. Griffin, Christian\n1958-59\tMrs. Herman F. Gallasch, Lutheran\n1959-60\tKathryne Crowe, Catholic\n1960 Mrs. E.F. MacDonald (resigned), Unknown\n1960-61\tJosephine Baskerville (completed MacDonald's term before starting her own), Baptist\n1961-62\tLucy Blanton, Presbyterian\n1962-63\tBertha Meyer, Jewish\n1963-64\tMartha Carson, Methodist\n1964-65\tPolly Parker, Episcopal\n1965-66\tJune H. Jarman, Christian\n1966-67\tDorothy Gundlach, Catholic\n1967-68\tGeorgia Dieker, Baptist\n1968-69\tInez Hartley, Presbyterian\n1969-70\tMrs. Bert Mann, Jewish\n1970-71\tDorothy Turner, Methodist\n1971-72\tAnne McKenney, Episcopal\n1972-73\tHelen Pohling, Lutheran\n1973-74\tMrs. Edmund G. Schmitz, Catholic\n1974-75\tMrs. William P. Anderson, Presbyterian\n1975-76\tBertha Laster, Jewish\n1976-77\tPhyllis  Clifford, Baptist\n1977-78\tSophia U. Hodges, Methodist\n1978-79\tMrs. Edward L. Hill, Episcopal\n1979-80\tLouise Hawkins, Lutheran\n1980-81\tLeslie C. Boze, Presbyterian\n1981-82\tLeigh Budwell, Baptist\n1982-83\tMrs. Earl 0. Sims, Catholic\n1983-84\tHelen Parthemos, Greek Orthodox\n1984-85\tRita Stein, Jewish\n1985-86\tDr. Vivien K. Ely, Methodist\n1986-87\tLouise Lipscomb, Episcopal\n1987-88\tRuby Turner, Lutheran\n1988-89\tGrace Deane, Presbyterian\n1989-90\tVirginia Johnson, Baptist\n1990-91\tDolores Ross, Catholic\n1991-92\tDr. Lee Pratt, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n1992-93\tBarni Schlein, Jewish\n1993-94\tZoa Mottley, Methodist\n1994-95\tLouise Reza, Unitarian\n1995-96\tMidge Falconer, Bahá'i\n1996-97\tSaba Abed, Islam\n1997-98\tShobha Shenoy, Hindu\n1998-99\tJoan E. v.H. Everett, Episcopal\n1999-00\tIngrid Zoll Vetter, Lutheran\n2000-01\tMiriam T. Bailey, Presbyterian\n2001-02\tVirginia Smith, Baptist\n2002-03\tSharon C. Clayton, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n2003-04\tAnne H. Woods, Jewish\n2004-05 Marian Agnew, Bahá'í\n2005-06 Dr. Jeffrey Clark, Unitarian Universalist\n2006-07 Lynn Johnston, Unity\n2007-08 Annette Khan, Islam\n2008-09 Dr. Baljit S. Sidhu, Sikh\n2009-10 Kusum Jain, Jain\n2010-11 Sandy Willis, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n2011-12 Malik Khan, Islam\n2012-13 Rebecca Skinner, Unity\n2013-14 Rebecca Skinner, Unity\n2014-15 Sabrina Dent, Member at Large\n2015-16 Sabrina Dent, Member at Large\n2016-17 Ashley Pelli, Omnism"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInterfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936-1999, Collection # M 321, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936-1999, Collection # M 321, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nThe materials in this collection range from 1936 to 1999 and include correspondence, treasurer's reports, meeting minutes, photographs, yearbooks, news clippings, and ephemera from the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond. The collection highlights the annual events and the meetings of the organization.\n\u003c/p\u003e\nThe majority of the presidents of the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond are referred to by their husband's name. Occasionally, their first names were included in correspondence or on other documents found in the collection. With the exceptions of presidents whose first names were unable to be found in the collection, these names have been included on folder titles and updated on the list of presidents.  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials in this collection range from 1936 to 1999 and include correspondence, treasurer's reports, meeting minutes, photographs, yearbooks, news clippings, and ephemera from the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond. The collection highlights the annual events and the meetings of the organization."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":62,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:16.668Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_586_c21"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c04_c01_c07","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1964 Annual Meeting, 1961/1964","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c04_c01_c07#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c04_c01_c07","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c04_c01_c07"],"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c04_c01_c07","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c04_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c04_c01","parent_ssim":["Virginia Dental Association records, 1870/2011, bulk 1870/1985","Series 4: Annual Meetings, 1924/1980","Subseries 4.1: Annual Meeting Records, 1929/1980"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_6","vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c04","vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c04_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"1964 Annual Meeting","title_ssm":["1964 Annual Meeting"],"title_tesim":["1964 Annual Meeting"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1964 Annual Meeting, 1961/1964"],"text":["1964 Annual Meeting, 1961/1964","Virginia Dental Association records, 1870/2011, bulk 1870/1985","Series 4: Annual Meetings, 1924/1980","Subseries 4.1: Annual Meeting Records, 1929/1980","box 22"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Virginia Dental Association records, 1870/2011, bulk 1870/1985","Series 4: Annual Meetings, 1924/1980","Subseries 4.1: Annual Meeting Records, 1929/1980"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Virginia Dental Association records, 1870/2011, bulk 1870/1985","Series 4: Annual Meetings, 1924/1980","Subseries 4.1: Annual Meeting Records, 1929/1980"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1961/1964"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1961-1964"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":109,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Dental Association records, 1870/2011, bulk 1870/1985"],"containers_ssim":["box 22"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1961,1962,1963,1964],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#0/components#6","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:57.621Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_6.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-tm/vircuh00044.xml","title_ssm":["Virginia Dental Association records"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Dental Association records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1870-2011","1870-1985"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1870-2011"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1870-1985"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1870/2011, bulk 1870/1985"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Dental Association records, 1870/2011, bulk 1870/1985"],"text":["Virginia Dental Association records, 1870/2011, bulk 1870/1985","1988.Jul.17","/repositories/3/resources/6","Dentists -- Virginia","Dental schools -- Virginia","Dentistry -- Societies, etc.","Dentistry -- History -- Virginia","African American dentists -- Virginia.","Societies, Dental.","History of Dentistry.","Dentists -- History","Collection is open for use without restrictions.","VCU Libraries digitized the Bulletin of the Virginia State Dental Association and the Virginia Dental Journal with the permission and collaboration of the Virginia Dental Association. Visit  VCU Scholars Compass to view the full run of the journal.","The records of the Virgina Dental Association have been divided into ten series with subseries as needed. Series 1: Annual Compilation of Records, 1870-1972 -- Series 2: Financial Records, 1887-1975 -- Series 3: Committees, 1924-1979 -- Series 4: Annual Meetings, 1929-1980 -- Series 5: Correspondence, 1917-1985 -- Series 6: Component Societies, 1931-1978 -- Series 7: Administrative Files, 1919-1984 -- Series 8: National and State Dental Organizations, 1923-1976 -- Series 9: One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia, 1873-1963 -- Series 10: VDA Journals, 1928-2011. Efforts have been made to preserve the original arrangement of these files where applicable.","On November 3, 1870 nine Virginia dentists met in Richmond to establish an organization to \"cultivate the science and the art of dentistry, and all its collateral branches, to elevate and sustain the professional character of dentists; and to promote amongst them mutual improvement, social intercourse and good will.\" This meeting marked the creation of the Virginia Dental Association (VDA) or the Virginia State Dental Association as it was named when first created. The VDA changed to its current name in 1970. The VDA was the successor to the first professional dental organization, the Virginia Society of Surgeon Dentists which was formed in 1842.","An early goal of the VDA was to create standards and regulations for the profession. When the VDA was formed there were no statutes regulating the practice of dentistry in Virginia. The VDA spent several years drafting a bill to present to the state legislature culminating in the passage of the Dental Act of 1886. This act also established the Virginia Board of Dental Examiners. The VDA also successfully campaigned in 1915 to have a representative on the State Board of Health making Virginia the first state to include a dentist on such a board. In 1936 the VDA helped pass a bill that outlawed advertising dental services and prices as a means of protecting the public from unethical dental practices. This remained in effect until the early 1980s when the Federal Trade Commission ruled that truthful advertising could not be restricted.","Dental education was another subject of much interest and debate for the VDA. They supported the creation of the first dental school in Virginia in 1893 at the University College of Medicine (UCM). In 1913 UCM merged with the Medical College of Virginia (MCV), which had created its own dental school in 1897. For a time some members of the VDA thought that dentist should obtain an M.D. degree to practice medicine. The Dental Act only required a diploma and a certificate from the state board to practice dentistry. A dental degree was not required to sit for the state board exam. A law requiring an M.D. was passed in 1910, but was repealed in 1914 before any provisions were enacted.","The VDA, which is a component of the American Dental Association, created component societies in 1931. This was to better facilitate communication and professional development for member dentists throughout the state. Dentists who joined a component society also became members of the state and national associations through this tripartate structure. Virginia was divided into eight regions. Each region was arranged to have an existing local society within the area to become the component group where applicable. This arrangement is still in place today. The component societies are:","Component 1, Virginia Tidewater Dental Association, founded 1880","Component 2, Peninsula Dental Society, founded 1934","Component 3, Southside Dental Society, founded 1925","Component 4, Richmond Dental Society, founded 1894","Component 5, Piedmont Dental Society, founded 1916","Component 6, Southwest Virginia Dental Society, founded 1917","Component 7, Shenandoah Valley Dental Association, founded 1914","Component 8, Northern Virginia Dental Society, founded 1931","The VDA began publishing its journal the Bulletin of the Virginia State Dental Association in 1923. After sporadic publication for the first ten years the VDA began publishing on a regular schedule. The number of issues published has varied from three to six. The journal is currently published quarterly. The title was changed to the Virginia Dental Journal in 1964. It is a resource for members to find information about professional and scientific developments, legislative issues, and annual meetings. The journal also includes editorials and news updates from the component societies.","An annual meeting of the VDA was held for members to come together and benefit from the mutual exchange of ideas and practical knowledge. The meetings offered an opportunity to focus on issues such as professional ethics, dental legislation, public health and service, and education. Much of the work of the organization was carried out by committees, all of which were overseen by the governing body the Executive Council. The VDA had three elected officers the president, the preseident-elect, and the secretary-treasurer, as well as several appointed officers including the editor of the journal. The VDA did not have a headquarters until the organization hired its first executive secretary in 1964 and she set up the headquarters in her home. Since that time it has been located in several areas around Richmond. Today the VDA is governed by a board of directors and still holds an annual meeting. The VDA continues to help improve the profession and its members, support dental education, promote public dental health, and provide outreach services to underserved populations.","The records of the Virginia Dental Association (VDA), 1870-2011, include the official minutes and proceedings of the organization as well as committee records, component society materials, correspondence, financial records, annual meeting records and programs, membership records, subject files, materials relating to the American Dental Association and other national, state, and local dental organizations, and research files used to write One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia. These records provide insight into the changes in the dental profession and also the evolution of professional organizations in general.","Series 1: Annual Compilation of Records, 1870-1972. This series, divided into two subseries, consists of the official minutes of the VDA and the records of the Executive Council, the main governing body of the organization.","Subseries 1.1: Minute Books, 1870-1963. The minute books contain annual meeting programs and proceedings, speeches and papers delivered at the meetings, the Bulletin the official publication of the VDA, committee reports, financial statements, newspaper clippings, member lists, and meeting attendee lists including guests and exhibitors. Also included in the minute books are reports from the Bureau of Dental Heath which often contains statistics regarding race and schools where clinics were held and reports of the State Board of Dental Examiners which include statistics regarding applicants for dental licenses.","Subseries 1.2: Executive Council Records, 1931-1972, bulk 1962-1972. These records include meeting minutes and reports along with some correspondence.","Series 2: Financial Records, 1887-1975. These records include bank statements and deposits, invoices, proposed budgets, receipts, and treasurer's books.","Series 3: Committees, 1924-1979. This series contains materials such as correspondence and reports of various standing and special committees.","Series 4: Annual Meetings, 1924-1980. This series includes materials related to the planning and execution of the meetings and is divided into four subseries.","Subseries 4.1: Annual Meeting Records, 1929-1980. This subseries contains general records such as correspondence, financial information, and publicity related to the planning of each annual meeting. Some files also include the proceedings for the meeting as well. The planning for most meetings began one to two years prior to the event, which is indicated by the inclusive date range listed for each folder.","Subseries 4.2: Local Arrangements and Program Committees, 1929-1939, 1954-1956, 1965. Materials in this subseries include correspondence and planning information related to arrangements for clinics, programs, and entertainment at the annual meetings.","Subseries 4.3: Programs, 1924-1970. This subseries contains copies of the official meeting programs.","Subseries 4.4: Meeting Exhibitors, 1927-1980. This subseries includes correspondence with vendors of dental related products and services requesting that the vendors purchase exhibit space or buy advertisements in the meeting program.","Series 5: Correspondence, 1917-1985. This series is divided into two subseries.","Subseries 5.1: General VDA Correspondence, 1917-1975. This subseries consists mostly of correspondence between the membership and the officers of the VDA. There is also some correspondence with the ADA, other state dental societies, the Virginia State Health Department, Virginia Board of Dental Examiners, and other state offices. The subjects most often covered include dues (overdue notices and disputes), issues related to the governance and structure of the VDA, meeting planning (locations, exhibitors, entertainment, and programs), legislative issues related dentistry, and professional ethics issues (advertising, obligations to public health, etc).","Subseries 5.2: Officer's Correspondence and Related Materials, 1927-1985. These files consist primarily of correspondence of specific officers of the VDA. Additionaly, some files also include speeches, photographs, and clippings.","Series 6: Component Societies, 1931-1978. This series contains materials such as correspondence, membership lists, and meeting programs from the eight component societies in Virginia.","Series 7: Administrative Files, 1919-1984. This series consists of subject and court files and is divided into two subseries.","Subseries 7:1: Subject Files, 1919-1984. Contains various subject files relating to legislative and professional issues, membership benefits such as insurance and retirement plans, and other materials such as newspaper clippings and photographs. Also includes membership card files kept by the VDA.","Subseries 7.2: Federal Trade Commission Case, 1960-1978. This subseries pertains to the Federal Trade Commission complaint against the American Dental Association and several of its constituent groups including the Virginia Dental Association and the Northern Virginia Dental Society (American Dental Association, et. al., Docket No. 9093). The FTC complaint stated that the ADA ethical codes violated anittrust laws by barring advertising and preventing price competition. Part of the defense strategy was to prove that the VDA and the NVDS were non-profit groups and as such were outside the FTC's jurisdiction. Documents in this subseries include Children's Dental Health Week materials, public service brochures promoting dental care, newspaper clipping discussing community outreach programs by the VDA, and materials on the governance and benefits of the two groups.","Series 8: National and State Dental Organizations, 1923-1976. This series contains materials such as correspondence, brochures, and newsletters from various other dental organizations includuing the American Dental Association, several local Virginia dental clubs, and some out-of-state dental groups.","Series 9: One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia, 1873-1969. This series contains essays, speeches, research notes, photographs and related materials that were compiled to write this history. Research materials were compiled primarily by Hermie Wait Powell, the author, and Dr. William Newton Hodgkins","Series 10: VDA Journals, 1928-2011. This series contains an incomplete set of the Bulletin and the Virginia Dental Journal. There are eight bound volumes of the Bulletin, loose issues of the Virginia Dental Journal from 1976-1983, 2008-2009, and 2011, and a DVD with the electronic version from 2004-2008.","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Dental Association","American Dental Association","Virginia. Department of Health","Virginia. Board of Dentistry","Hodgkin, William N., 1890-1961","Powell, Hermie Wait","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Dental Association records, 1870/2011, bulk 1870/1985"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Dental Association records, 1870/2011, bulk 1870/1985"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1988.Jul.17","/repositories/3/resources/6"],"unitid_tesim":["1988.Jul.17","/repositories/3/resources/6"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia Dental Association"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia Dental Association"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hodgkin, William N., 1890-1961","Powell, Hermie Wait"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Dental Association","American Dental Association","Virginia. Department of Health","Virginia. Board of Dentistry"],"creators_ssim":["Hodgkin, William N., 1890-1961","Powell, Hermie Wait","VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Dental Association","American Dental Association","Virginia. Department of Health","Virginia. Board of Dentistry"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of the Virginia Dental Association."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Dentists -- Virginia","Dental schools -- Virginia","Dentistry -- Societies, etc.","Dentistry -- History -- Virginia","African American dentists -- Virginia.","Societies, Dental.","History of Dentistry.","Dentists -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Dentists -- Virginia","Dental schools -- Virginia","Dentistry -- Societies, etc.","Dentistry -- History -- Virginia","African American dentists -- Virginia.","Societies, Dental.","History of Dentistry.","Dentists -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["27 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["27 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for use without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVCU Libraries digitized the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin of the Virginia State Dental Association\u003c/emph\u003e and the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Dental Journal\u003c/emph\u003e with the permission and collaboration of the Virginia Dental Association. Visit \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/vdj/\"\u003e VCU Scholars Compass\u003c/extref\u003e to view the full run of the journal.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["VCU Libraries digitized the Bulletin of the Virginia State Dental Association and the Virginia Dental Journal with the permission and collaboration of the Virginia Dental Association. Visit  VCU Scholars Compass to view the full run of the journal."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records of the Virgina Dental Association have been divided into ten series with subseries as needed. Series 1: Annual Compilation of Records, 1870-1972 -- Series 2: Financial Records, 1887-1975 -- Series 3: Committees, 1924-1979 -- Series 4: Annual Meetings, 1929-1980 -- Series 5: Correspondence, 1917-1985 -- Series 6: Component Societies, 1931-1978 -- Series 7: Administrative Files, 1919-1984 -- Series 8: National and State Dental Organizations, 1923-1976 -- Series 9: One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia, 1873-1963 -- Series 10: VDA Journals, 1928-2011. Efforts have been made to preserve the original arrangement of these files where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The records of the Virgina Dental Association have been divided into ten series with subseries as needed. Series 1: Annual Compilation of Records, 1870-1972 -- Series 2: Financial Records, 1887-1975 -- Series 3: Committees, 1924-1979 -- Series 4: Annual Meetings, 1929-1980 -- Series 5: Correspondence, 1917-1985 -- Series 6: Component Societies, 1931-1978 -- Series 7: Administrative Files, 1919-1984 -- Series 8: National and State Dental Organizations, 1923-1976 -- Series 9: One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia, 1873-1963 -- Series 10: VDA Journals, 1928-2011. Efforts have been made to preserve the original arrangement of these files where applicable."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn November 3, 1870 nine Virginia dentists met in Richmond to establish an organization to \"cultivate the science and the art of dentistry, and all its collateral branches, to elevate and sustain the professional character of dentists; and to promote amongst them mutual improvement, social intercourse and good will.\" This meeting marked the creation of the Virginia Dental Association (VDA) or the Virginia State Dental Association as it was named when first created. The VDA changed to its current name in 1970. The VDA was the successor to the first professional dental organization, the Virginia Society of Surgeon Dentists which was formed in 1842.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn early goal of the VDA was to create standards and regulations for the profession. When the VDA was formed there were no statutes regulating the practice of dentistry in Virginia. The VDA spent several years drafting a bill to present to the state legislature culminating in the passage of the Dental Act of 1886. This act also established the Virginia Board of Dental Examiners. The VDA also successfully campaigned in 1915 to have a representative on the State Board of Health making Virginia the first state to include a dentist on such a board. In 1936 the VDA helped pass a bill that outlawed advertising dental services and prices as a means of protecting the public from unethical dental practices. This remained in effect until the early 1980s when the Federal Trade Commission ruled that truthful advertising could not be restricted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDental education was another subject of much interest and debate for the VDA. They supported the creation of the first dental school in Virginia in 1893 at the University College of Medicine (UCM). In 1913 UCM merged with the Medical College of Virginia (MCV), which had created its own dental school in 1897. For a time some members of the VDA thought that dentist should obtain an M.D. degree to practice medicine. The Dental Act only required a diploma and a certificate from the state board to practice dentistry. A dental degree was not required to sit for the state board exam. A law requiring an M.D. was passed in 1910, but was repealed in 1914 before any provisions were enacted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe VDA, which is a component of the American Dental Association, created component societies in 1931. This was to better facilitate communication and professional development for member dentists throughout the state. Dentists who joined a component society also became members of the state and national associations through this tripartate structure. Virginia was divided into eight regions. Each region was arranged to have an existing local society within the area to become the component group where applicable. This arrangement is still in place today. The component societies are:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComponent 1, Virginia Tidewater Dental Association, founded 1880\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComponent 2, Peninsula Dental Society, founded 1934\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComponent 3, Southside Dental Society, founded 1925\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComponent 4, Richmond Dental Society, founded 1894\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComponent 5, Piedmont Dental Society, founded 1916\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComponent 6, Southwest Virginia Dental Society, founded 1917\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComponent 7, Shenandoah Valley Dental Association, founded 1914\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComponent 8, Northern Virginia Dental Society, founded 1931\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe VDA began publishing its journal the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin of the Virginia State Dental Association\u003c/emph\u003e in 1923. After sporadic publication for the first ten years the VDA began publishing on a regular schedule. The number of issues published has varied from three to six. The journal is currently published quarterly. The title was changed to the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Dental Journal\u003c/emph\u003e in 1964. It is a resource for members to find information about professional and scientific developments, legislative issues, and annual meetings. The journal also includes editorials and news updates from the component societies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn annual meeting of the VDA was held for members to come together and benefit from the mutual exchange of ideas and practical knowledge. The meetings offered an opportunity to focus on issues such as professional ethics, dental legislation, public health and service, and education. Much of the work of the organization was carried out by committees, all of which were overseen by the governing body the Executive Council. The VDA had three elected officers the president, the preseident-elect, and the secretary-treasurer, as well as several appointed officers including the editor of the journal. The VDA did not have a headquarters until the organization hired its first executive secretary in 1964 and she set up the headquarters in her home. Since that time it has been located in several areas around Richmond. Today the VDA is governed by a board of directors and still holds an annual meeting. The VDA continues to help improve the profession and its members, support dental education, promote public dental health, and provide outreach services to underserved populations.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["On November 3, 1870 nine Virginia dentists met in Richmond to establish an organization to \"cultivate the science and the art of dentistry, and all its collateral branches, to elevate and sustain the professional character of dentists; and to promote amongst them mutual improvement, social intercourse and good will.\" This meeting marked the creation of the Virginia Dental Association (VDA) or the Virginia State Dental Association as it was named when first created. The VDA changed to its current name in 1970. The VDA was the successor to the first professional dental organization, the Virginia Society of Surgeon Dentists which was formed in 1842.","An early goal of the VDA was to create standards and regulations for the profession. When the VDA was formed there were no statutes regulating the practice of dentistry in Virginia. The VDA spent several years drafting a bill to present to the state legislature culminating in the passage of the Dental Act of 1886. This act also established the Virginia Board of Dental Examiners. The VDA also successfully campaigned in 1915 to have a representative on the State Board of Health making Virginia the first state to include a dentist on such a board. In 1936 the VDA helped pass a bill that outlawed advertising dental services and prices as a means of protecting the public from unethical dental practices. This remained in effect until the early 1980s when the Federal Trade Commission ruled that truthful advertising could not be restricted.","Dental education was another subject of much interest and debate for the VDA. They supported the creation of the first dental school in Virginia in 1893 at the University College of Medicine (UCM). In 1913 UCM merged with the Medical College of Virginia (MCV), which had created its own dental school in 1897. For a time some members of the VDA thought that dentist should obtain an M.D. degree to practice medicine. The Dental Act only required a diploma and a certificate from the state board to practice dentistry. A dental degree was not required to sit for the state board exam. A law requiring an M.D. was passed in 1910, but was repealed in 1914 before any provisions were enacted.","The VDA, which is a component of the American Dental Association, created component societies in 1931. This was to better facilitate communication and professional development for member dentists throughout the state. Dentists who joined a component society also became members of the state and national associations through this tripartate structure. Virginia was divided into eight regions. Each region was arranged to have an existing local society within the area to become the component group where applicable. This arrangement is still in place today. The component societies are:","Component 1, Virginia Tidewater Dental Association, founded 1880","Component 2, Peninsula Dental Society, founded 1934","Component 3, Southside Dental Society, founded 1925","Component 4, Richmond Dental Society, founded 1894","Component 5, Piedmont Dental Society, founded 1916","Component 6, Southwest Virginia Dental Society, founded 1917","Component 7, Shenandoah Valley Dental Association, founded 1914","Component 8, Northern Virginia Dental Society, founded 1931","The VDA began publishing its journal the Bulletin of the Virginia State Dental Association in 1923. After sporadic publication for the first ten years the VDA began publishing on a regular schedule. The number of issues published has varied from three to six. The journal is currently published quarterly. The title was changed to the Virginia Dental Journal in 1964. It is a resource for members to find information about professional and scientific developments, legislative issues, and annual meetings. The journal also includes editorials and news updates from the component societies.","An annual meeting of the VDA was held for members to come together and benefit from the mutual exchange of ideas and practical knowledge. The meetings offered an opportunity to focus on issues such as professional ethics, dental legislation, public health and service, and education. Much of the work of the organization was carried out by committees, all of which were overseen by the governing body the Executive Council. The VDA had three elected officers the president, the preseident-elect, and the secretary-treasurer, as well as several appointed officers including the editor of the journal. The VDA did not have a headquarters until the organization hired its first executive secretary in 1964 and she set up the headquarters in her home. Since that time it has been located in several areas around Richmond. Today the VDA is governed by a board of directors and still holds an annual meeting. The VDA continues to help improve the profession and its members, support dental education, promote public dental health, and provide outreach services to underserved populations."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the Virginia Dental Association, Accession # 88/Jul/17, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of the Virginia Dental Association, Accession # 88/Jul/17, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records of the Virginia Dental Association (VDA), 1870-2011, include the official minutes and proceedings of the organization as well as committee records, component society materials, correspondence, financial records, annual meeting records and programs, membership records, subject files, materials relating to the American Dental Association and other national, state, and local dental organizations, and research files used to write One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia. These records provide insight into the changes in the dental profession and also the evolution of professional organizations in general.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Annual Compilation of Records, 1870-1972. This series, divided into two subseries, consists of the official minutes of the VDA and the records of the Executive Council, the main governing body of the organization.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 1.1: Minute Books, 1870-1963. The minute books contain annual meeting programs and proceedings, speeches and papers delivered at the meetings, the Bulletin the official publication of the VDA, committee reports, financial statements, newspaper clippings, member lists, and meeting attendee lists including guests and exhibitors. Also included in the minute books are reports from the Bureau of Dental Heath which often contains statistics regarding race and schools where clinics were held and reports of the State Board of Dental Examiners which include statistics regarding applicants for dental licenses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 1.2: Executive Council Records, 1931-1972, bulk 1962-1972. These records include meeting minutes and reports along with some correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Financial Records, 1887-1975. These records include bank statements and deposits, invoices, proposed budgets, receipts, and treasurer's books.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Committees, 1924-1979. This series contains materials such as correspondence and reports of various standing and special committees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Annual Meetings, 1924-1980. This series includes materials related to the planning and execution of the meetings and is divided into four subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.1: Annual Meeting Records, 1929-1980. This subseries contains general records such as correspondence, financial information, and publicity related to the planning of each annual meeting. Some files also include the proceedings for the meeting as well. The planning for most meetings began one to two years prior to the event, which is indicated by the inclusive date range listed for each folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.2: Local Arrangements and Program Committees, 1929-1939, 1954-1956, 1965. Materials in this subseries include correspondence and planning information related to arrangements for clinics, programs, and entertainment at the annual meetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.3: Programs, 1924-1970. This subseries contains copies of the official meeting programs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.4: Meeting Exhibitors, 1927-1980. This subseries includes correspondence with vendors of dental related products and services requesting that the vendors purchase exhibit space or buy advertisements in the meeting program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Correspondence, 1917-1985. This series is divided into two subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 5.1: General VDA Correspondence, 1917-1975. This subseries consists mostly of correspondence between the membership and the officers of the VDA. There is also some correspondence with the ADA, other state dental societies, the Virginia State Health Department, Virginia Board of Dental Examiners, and other state offices. The subjects most often covered include dues (overdue notices and disputes), issues related to the governance and structure of the VDA, meeting planning (locations, exhibitors, entertainment, and programs), legislative issues related dentistry, and professional ethics issues (advertising, obligations to public health, etc).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 5.2: Officer's Correspondence and Related Materials, 1927-1985. These files consist primarily of correspondence of specific officers of the VDA. Additionaly, some files also include speeches, photographs, and clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Component Societies, 1931-1978. This series contains materials such as correspondence, membership lists, and meeting programs from the eight component societies in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Administrative Files, 1919-1984. This series consists of subject and court files and is divided into two subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 7:1: Subject Files, 1919-1984. Contains various subject files relating to legislative and professional issues, membership benefits such as insurance and retirement plans, and other materials such as newspaper clippings and photographs. Also includes membership card files kept by the VDA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 7.2: Federal Trade Commission Case, 1960-1978. This subseries pertains to the Federal Trade Commission complaint against the American Dental Association and several of its constituent groups including the Virginia Dental Association and the Northern Virginia Dental Society (American Dental Association, et. al., Docket No. 9093). The FTC complaint stated that the ADA ethical codes violated anittrust laws by barring advertising and preventing price competition. Part of the defense strategy was to prove that the VDA and the NVDS were non-profit groups and as such were outside the FTC's jurisdiction. Documents in this subseries include Children's Dental Health Week materials, public service brochures promoting dental care, newspaper clipping discussing community outreach programs by the VDA, and materials on the governance and benefits of the two groups.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8: National and State Dental Organizations, 1923-1976. This series contains materials such as correspondence, brochures, and newsletters from various other dental organizations includuing the American Dental Association, several local Virginia dental clubs, and some out-of-state dental groups.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9: One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia, 1873-1969. This series contains essays, speeches, research notes, photographs and related materials that were compiled to write this history. Research materials were compiled primarily by Hermie Wait Powell, the author, and Dr. William Newton Hodgkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10: VDA Journals, 1928-2011. This series contains an incomplete set of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin\u003c/emph\u003e and the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Dental Journal\u003c/emph\u003e. There are eight bound volumes of the Bulletin, loose issues of the Virginia Dental Journal from 1976-1983, 2008-2009, and 2011, and a DVD with the electronic version from 2004-2008. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The records of the Virginia Dental Association (VDA), 1870-2011, include the official minutes and proceedings of the organization as well as committee records, component society materials, correspondence, financial records, annual meeting records and programs, membership records, subject files, materials relating to the American Dental Association and other national, state, and local dental organizations, and research files used to write One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia. These records provide insight into the changes in the dental profession and also the evolution of professional organizations in general.","Series 1: Annual Compilation of Records, 1870-1972. This series, divided into two subseries, consists of the official minutes of the VDA and the records of the Executive Council, the main governing body of the organization.","Subseries 1.1: Minute Books, 1870-1963. The minute books contain annual meeting programs and proceedings, speeches and papers delivered at the meetings, the Bulletin the official publication of the VDA, committee reports, financial statements, newspaper clippings, member lists, and meeting attendee lists including guests and exhibitors. Also included in the minute books are reports from the Bureau of Dental Heath which often contains statistics regarding race and schools where clinics were held and reports of the State Board of Dental Examiners which include statistics regarding applicants for dental licenses.","Subseries 1.2: Executive Council Records, 1931-1972, bulk 1962-1972. These records include meeting minutes and reports along with some correspondence.","Series 2: Financial Records, 1887-1975. These records include bank statements and deposits, invoices, proposed budgets, receipts, and treasurer's books.","Series 3: Committees, 1924-1979. This series contains materials such as correspondence and reports of various standing and special committees.","Series 4: Annual Meetings, 1924-1980. This series includes materials related to the planning and execution of the meetings and is divided into four subseries.","Subseries 4.1: Annual Meeting Records, 1929-1980. This subseries contains general records such as correspondence, financial information, and publicity related to the planning of each annual meeting. Some files also include the proceedings for the meeting as well. The planning for most meetings began one to two years prior to the event, which is indicated by the inclusive date range listed for each folder.","Subseries 4.2: Local Arrangements and Program Committees, 1929-1939, 1954-1956, 1965. Materials in this subseries include correspondence and planning information related to arrangements for clinics, programs, and entertainment at the annual meetings.","Subseries 4.3: Programs, 1924-1970. This subseries contains copies of the official meeting programs.","Subseries 4.4: Meeting Exhibitors, 1927-1980. This subseries includes correspondence with vendors of dental related products and services requesting that the vendors purchase exhibit space or buy advertisements in the meeting program.","Series 5: Correspondence, 1917-1985. This series is divided into two subseries.","Subseries 5.1: General VDA Correspondence, 1917-1975. This subseries consists mostly of correspondence between the membership and the officers of the VDA. There is also some correspondence with the ADA, other state dental societies, the Virginia State Health Department, Virginia Board of Dental Examiners, and other state offices. The subjects most often covered include dues (overdue notices and disputes), issues related to the governance and structure of the VDA, meeting planning (locations, exhibitors, entertainment, and programs), legislative issues related dentistry, and professional ethics issues (advertising, obligations to public health, etc).","Subseries 5.2: Officer's Correspondence and Related Materials, 1927-1985. These files consist primarily of correspondence of specific officers of the VDA. Additionaly, some files also include speeches, photographs, and clippings.","Series 6: Component Societies, 1931-1978. This series contains materials such as correspondence, membership lists, and meeting programs from the eight component societies in Virginia.","Series 7: Administrative Files, 1919-1984. This series consists of subject and court files and is divided into two subseries.","Subseries 7:1: Subject Files, 1919-1984. Contains various subject files relating to legislative and professional issues, membership benefits such as insurance and retirement plans, and other materials such as newspaper clippings and photographs. Also includes membership card files kept by the VDA.","Subseries 7.2: Federal Trade Commission Case, 1960-1978. This subseries pertains to the Federal Trade Commission complaint against the American Dental Association and several of its constituent groups including the Virginia Dental Association and the Northern Virginia Dental Society (American Dental Association, et. al., Docket No. 9093). The FTC complaint stated that the ADA ethical codes violated anittrust laws by barring advertising and preventing price competition. Part of the defense strategy was to prove that the VDA and the NVDS were non-profit groups and as such were outside the FTC's jurisdiction. Documents in this subseries include Children's Dental Health Week materials, public service brochures promoting dental care, newspaper clipping discussing community outreach programs by the VDA, and materials on the governance and benefits of the two groups.","Series 8: National and State Dental Organizations, 1923-1976. This series contains materials such as correspondence, brochures, and newsletters from various other dental organizations includuing the American Dental Association, several local Virginia dental clubs, and some out-of-state dental groups.","Series 9: One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia, 1873-1969. This series contains essays, speeches, research notes, photographs and related materials that were compiled to write this history. Research materials were compiled primarily by Hermie Wait Powell, the author, and Dr. William Newton Hodgkins","Series 10: VDA Journals, 1928-2011. This series contains an incomplete set of the Bulletin and the Virginia Dental Journal. There are eight bound volumes of the Bulletin, loose issues of the Virginia Dental Journal from 1976-1983, 2008-2009, and 2011, and a DVD with the electronic version from 2004-2008."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Dental Association","American Dental Association","Virginia. Department of Health","Virginia. Board of Dentistry"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Dental Association","American Dental Association","Virginia. Department of Health","Virginia. Board of Dentistry","Hodgkin, William N., 1890-1961","Powell, Hermie Wait"],"persname_ssim":["Hodgkin, William N., 1890-1961","Powell, Hermie Wait"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Dental Association","American Dental Association","Virginia. Department of Health","Virginia. Board of Dentistry","Hodgkin, William N., 1890-1961","Powell, Hermie Wait"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":340,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:57.621Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c04_c01_c07"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_119_c46","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"3201 Grove Avenue-(Paul Harris House) or (Wendall Powell House), 1911/1977","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_119_c46#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_119_c46","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_119_c46"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_119_c46","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_119","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_119","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_119","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_119","parent_ssim":["West of the Boulevard Civic Association records, 1964/1995"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_119"],"title_filing_ssi":"3201 Grove Avenue-(Paul Harris House) or (Wendall Powell House)","title_ssm":["3201 Grove Avenue-(Paul Harris House) or (Wendall Powell House)"],"title_tesim":["3201 Grove Avenue-(Paul Harris House) or (Wendall Powell House)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["3201 Grove Avenue-(Paul Harris House) or (Wendall Powell House), 1911/1977"],"text":["3201 Grove Avenue-(Paul Harris House) or (Wendall Powell House), 1911/1977","West of the Boulevard Civic Association records, 1964/1995","box 2"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["West of the Boulevard Civic Association records, 1964/1995"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["West of the Boulevard Civic Association records, 1964/1995"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1911/1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911-1977"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":46,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["West of the Boulevard Civic Association records, 1964/1995"],"containers_ssim":["box 2"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"_nest_path_":"/components#45","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:02.399Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_119","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_119","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_119","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_119","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_119.xml","title_filing_ssi":"West of the Boulevard Civic Association records","title_ssm":["West of the Boulevard Civic Association records"],"title_tesim":["West of the Boulevard Civic Association records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1964-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1964-1995"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1964/1995"],"normalized_title_ssm":["West of the Boulevard Civic Association records, 1964/1995"],"text":["West of the Boulevard Civic Association records, 1964/1995","M 263","Richmond (Va.) -- Social conditions -- 20th century.","Civic improvement -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Collection is open to research.","The papers are arranged alphabetically by category and then chronologically.","The West of the Boulevard Civic Association was organized on November 5, 1964 for the following purposes: 1. To keep out commercial establishments that tend to degrade, disrupt the peace, or have an immoral influence on the neighborhood bounded by the Boulevard on the east, Cary Street to the south, the Belt Line (I-95) on the west, and Broad Street on the north. 2. To upgrade the general appearance and value of real estate in the area. 3. To cultivate the good will of tenants in rental properties to a sense of cooperation and pride in their surroundings. 4. To present programs that are informative, constructive, and stimulating to the association. The West of the Boulevard Civic Association represents about 5,000 households and businesses in the area bounded by Broad and Cary streets and the Boulevard and Interstate 1-95. The district, an early-century trolley-car suburb, covers 1,763 buildings.","The collection consists of various documents relating to the Board of Directors, members, and special projects of the West of the Boulevard Civic Association ranging in date from 1964-1995, including the West of the Boulevard area designation as a Virginia Historic District.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","West of the Boulevard Civic Association (Richmond, Va.)","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["West of the Boulevard Civic Association records, 1964/1995"],"collection_ssim":["West of the Boulevard Civic Association records, 1964/1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 263"],"unitid_tesim":["M 263"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social conditions -- 20th century."],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social conditions -- 20th century."],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social conditions -- 20th century."],"creator_ssm":["West of the Boulevard Civic Association (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["West of the Boulevard Civic Association (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","West of the Boulevard Civic Association (Richmond, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","West of the Boulevard Civic Association (Richmond, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Juanita F. Parry of the West of the Boulevard Association in 1979. Additional materials were donated in 1994 and in 1999."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civic improvement -- Virginia -- Richmond."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civic improvement -- Virginia -- Richmond."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.6 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["2.6 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged alphabetically by category and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged alphabetically by category and then chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe West of the Boulevard Civic Association was organized on November 5, 1964 for the following purposes: 1. To keep out commercial establishments that tend to degrade, disrupt the peace, or have an immoral influence on the neighborhood bounded by the Boulevard on the east, Cary Street to the south, the Belt Line (I-95) on the west, and Broad Street on the north. 2. To upgrade the general appearance and value of real estate in the area. 3. To cultivate the good will of tenants in rental properties to a sense of cooperation and pride in their surroundings. 4. To present programs that are informative, constructive, and stimulating to the association. The West of the Boulevard Civic Association represents about 5,000 households and businesses in the area bounded by Broad and Cary streets and the Boulevard and Interstate 1-95. The district, an early-century trolley-car suburb, covers 1,763 buildings.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The West of the Boulevard Civic Association was organized on November 5, 1964 for the following purposes: 1. To keep out commercial establishments that tend to degrade, disrupt the peace, or have an immoral influence on the neighborhood bounded by the Boulevard on the east, Cary Street to the south, the Belt Line (I-95) on the west, and Broad Street on the north. 2. To upgrade the general appearance and value of real estate in the area. 3. To cultivate the good will of tenants in rental properties to a sense of cooperation and pride in their surroundings. 4. To present programs that are informative, constructive, and stimulating to the association. The West of the Boulevard Civic Association represents about 5,000 households and businesses in the area bounded by Broad and Cary streets and the Boulevard and Interstate 1-95. The district, an early-century trolley-car suburb, covers 1,763 buildings."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWest of the Boulevard Civic Association records, Collection # M 263, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["West of the Boulevard Civic Association records, Collection # M 263, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of various documents relating to the Board of Directors, members, and special projects of the West of the Boulevard Civic Association ranging in date from 1964-1995, including the West of the Boulevard area designation as a Virginia Historic District.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of various documents relating to the Board of Directors, members, and special projects of the West of the Boulevard Civic Association ranging in date from 1964-1995, including the West of the Boulevard area designation as a Virginia Historic District."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","West of the Boulevard Civic Association (Richmond, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["West of the Boulevard Civic Association (Richmond, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","West of the Boulevard Civic Association (Richmond, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":46,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:02.399Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_119_c46"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c04_c01_c09","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"50th Anniversary Celebration Materials, Girl Scouts of the USA, 1962","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c04_c01_c09#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c04_c01_c09","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c04_c01_c09"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c04_c01_c09","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c04_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c04_c01","parent_ssim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","Series 4: Girl Scout Programming and Events","4.1 Anniversary Materials"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c04","vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c04_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"50th Anniversary Celebration Materials, Girl Scouts of the USA","title_ssm":["50th Anniversary Celebration Materials, Girl Scouts of the USA"],"title_tesim":["50th Anniversary Celebration Materials, Girl Scouts of the USA"],"normalized_title_ssm":["50th Anniversary Celebration Materials, Girl Scouts of the USA, 1962"],"text":["50th Anniversary Celebration Materials, Girl Scouts of the USA, 1962","Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","Series 4: Girl Scout Programming and Events","4.1 Anniversary Materials","box 15","folder 20"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","Series 4: Girl Scout Programming and Events","4.1 Anniversary Materials"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","Series 4: Girl Scout Programming and Events","4.1 Anniversary Materials"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1962"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1962"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":236,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012"],"containers_ssim":["box 15","folder 20"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1962],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#0/components#8","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:16.668Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_600.xml","title_ssm":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records"],"title_tesim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1910-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1910-2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1910/2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012"],"text":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","M 400","/repositories/5/resources/600","The collection is open for research.","The collection has been arranged into nine series. Further information on the series, their contents and organization can be found in the Scope and Content note.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials \nSubseries:\n1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents \n1.2 Reports \n1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes\n1.4 Financial\n1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond\n1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials\n1.7 History\n1.8 Administrator's Materials\n1.9 Other Councils","Series 2: Camps\nSubseries:\t\n2.1 Camp Administration Materials\n2.2 General Camp Materials\n2.3 Camp Materials\n\nSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Series 4: Programming and Events\nSubseries:\n4.1 Anniversary Materials \n4.2 Regional Conferences \n4.3 National Conferences and Conventions \n4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials \n\nSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and A/V\nSubseries:\n6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums \n6.2 Slides \n6.3 Scrapbooks \n6.4 Audio-Visual\n\n \nSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\nSubseries:\n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles \n\t\nSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\nSubseries: \n8.1 Artifacts\n8.2Ephemera","Series 9: Printed Materials","The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia Council began in 1963 following a merger between the Girl Scouts of Richmond and the Girl Scouts of Southside Virginia councils to provide more extensive services to Scouts in central Virginia. However, neither this council nor the two preceding it was the start of Girl Scouting in the area. There has been active Girl Scouting in Richmond prior to the official establishment of a council, though few records of the earliest days remain. Using Boy Scout manuals and enlisting the guidance of the director of the Richmond Boy Scouts, area girls recruited adult leaders and began informal scouting groups. In November 1913, the first official Girl Scout troop in Virginia, Pansy Troop Number 1, was formed in Highland Springs. Sponsored by the Women's Study Club for Right Living of Highland Springs, the troop was founded by Mrs. Kate G. Read and Mrs. Marion T. Read. This troop eventually split into two: Pansy Troop no. 1 and Pansy Troop no. 2, due to demand from local girls for membership.","The Girl Scouts of Richmond Council was formally organized on April 12, 1921 when the first Council Meeting was held at the Jefferson Hotel with 35 adult members, 11 troops, and 75 girls. The council received its official charter on May 10 of that year as the second chartered council in Virginia. Because of the Highland Springs troop's formation in 1913 and their inclusion in the Richmond Council, 1913 is commonly used for the date of inception for the Richmond Girl Scouts. In 1928, under the leadership of Commissioner Ruth Robertson McGuire, the Richmond Council was incorporated by the Girl Scouts of the United States of America.\nInitially, the Girl Scouts of Richmond was a racially exclusive organization, open only to white girls and women. Black Scouting in Richmond did not begin until 1932, when Troop 34, the first African American Girl Scout troop south of the Potomac River, was established. Mrs. Lena B. Watson of Virginia Union University (VUU) was instrumental in the group's formation  when she approached the Richmond council for permission to form a Black troop. Some council members  were supportive, but the council as a whole ultimately refused to consider it. The National Girl Scouting Headquarters became involved, forcing the Richmond council to allow the troop to form. In June 1932, the first Black troop formed at Hartshorn Hall at VUU with high school teacher Lavinia Banks as their leader.\nWhile Scouting in Richmond was developing, so too was Scouting in the southern part of Virginia. Hopewell formed its first troop in 1917, and many other troops in rural, semi-rural, and smaller urban areas followed. By 1942, the Petersburg Council organized, and the Hopewell Council formed in 1956, bringing many of the lone rural troops under the umbrella of a council. In 1958, the Hopewell Council merged with the Petersburg Council to form the Southside Council, bringing all troops in Southside Virginia Council services and support.","In response to rethinking the organization of Scouting in Virginia, the Richmond Council merged with the Southside Council to form the Commonwealth Council or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1962. During this time, troop integration became a reality for Virginia Girl Scouts. Integration began in 1963 with the Fort Lee troop. Black Scouts were allowed to participate at Camp Holly Dell for the first time, and by 1968 segregated troops were no more. \nOver the years, the councils that became the Commonwealth Council have provided programs and opportunities for girls to explore, learn, and build character through STEM, environmental stewardship, financial literacy, camping events, homemaking, and first aid. Citizenship was integral to Scouting from its inception. During World War I, Scouts entertained military troops at Fort Lee, and visited hospitals in morale-boosting calls. At least one scouting troop was so beloved for their service, that they were deemed honorary members of one of the units stationed at Fort Lee. In the Second World War, Scouts led scrap drives and defense preparedness activities. In addition to citizenship, Scouts raised awareness as well as money for their organization. In the earliest years of Scouting in Richmond, Scouts solicited donations by going door-to-door or having booths at fairs. In 1925, the Richmond Council became a member of the Community Chest, and could focus on other ways to fundraise. One successful fundraiser occurred when the troops brought John Philip Sousa and his band to Richmond, which raised a large amount of money for the organization and allowed the expansion of programs for the girls. The first cookie sale was in 1936, and approximately 11,694 pounds of cookies were sold, which allowed for expanded services, camping activities, and improved camping facilities. The annual event has been popular ever since, and continues to raise money for troop activities and support into the present day.","Camps have always been an important part of Girl Scouting. In the earliest years of the Richmond Council, white Girl Scouts used the Boy Scout camps for a few weeks every summer, but it soon became apparent that the girls needed their own camps. Eventually, the Richmond Council settled on a property in Bon Air, VA, that became Camp Pocahontas in 1928. Day Camps, held in conjunction with the YWCA, began in 1932.  Camp Pinoaka for Black Girl Scouts in Pocahontas State Park followed in 1936, and the Petersburg Council purchased Camp Holly Dell in Chesterfield in 1951. All three camps were eventually sold, and resources put into two other camps- Camp Kittamaqund, established in 1964 in the Northern Neck, and Camp Pamunkey Ridge in Hanover County. Smaller sleep-away camps, as well as day camps, were also scattered across the tri-city area and the state.","As of 2021, the Commonwealth Council, or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia, is one of four councils in the state and serves over 17,500 girls and women in central Virginia, stretching from the cities of Emporia to Fredericksburg, with its headquarters in the greater Richmond area. It is governed by a Board of Directors, which is elected by delegates from the council membership. The Board is responsible for establishing policies, approving budgets, and setting the direction for the Council. The board consists of a Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Members-at-Large, and two girl board members. The CEO and girl members are ex-officio, non-voting members. All serve two-year terms, and may not serve more than three consecutive terms, though the Chair is eligible to serve an additional three successive terms in another position. The Board conducts its business as the entire unit and in smaller committees, such as the Executive Committee, Finance Committee, Membership, and Program Committees. An Annual Meeting of the Board is held, and the Board continues to meet throughout the year, as do committees, as needed.","This collection contains many different formats. Negatives will need a scanner or light box to be properly accessed. Video formats include 35 and 78mm film, BetaCam, VHS, and U-Matic video and will need the proper video players to access them. CDs and DVDs, as well as audio cassette, reel-to-reel tape, 78 and 45 rpm records, and mini-cassette are included for audio formats.","2022: The collection was minimally processed prior to 2014. Beginning in 2020 and finishing in 2022, the collection was fully processe. This included consolidating materials, removing duplicates, deaccessioning widely-available publications, and processing the two accessions into one collection.","The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia (GSCV) records are composed of documents, correspondence, photographs, audio-visual materials, textiles, and artifacts that chronicle the evolution of Girl Scouting in the greater Richmond, Virginia area and the creation of the Commonwealth Council. The collection ranges in date from approximately 1913 through 2012, with the bulk of the materials falling within 1924-2005.  The collection has been arranged into nine series.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials","Materials related to the running and administration of the GSCV are located in this series. These items include policies and procedures, financial records, GSCV and Girl Scouting history in VA, and correspondence. This series also contains policies and procedures as outlined by both the Girl Scouts of the USA and GSCV and its preceding entities.\nSeries 1 comprises nine subseries.","1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents.","1.2 Reports: \nSeries 1.2 contains reports written by, about, or for the Richmond/ Commonwealth Council of VA Girl Scouts. They are arranged by author type and chronologically therein. Self-reports are first, followed by National Girl Scout reports, and reports about but not by Girl Scout entities are last.","1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes: \nMaterials pertaining to meetings are kept with their respective meetings. This includes notes, minutes, correspondence, and other meeting items. Additionally, information on the formation of Black troops in Richmond can be found in the minutes starting in 1931. These materials are arranged by Council/Board/Annual Meetings, which may have committee materials included in chronological order, followed by solo committee materials, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","1.4 Financial: \nIncludes financial records and audits, both for the Council, as well as local troops. Series 1.4 is arranged chronologically.","1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond.","1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials.","1.7 History: \nMany materials relate to the history of Black Scouting in Richmond, the earliest records of Girl Scouting in Richmond, general history, and the records of the councils that preceded the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia.","1.8 Administrator's Materials: \nThese materials contain the individual correspondence and effects of administrators in their work as scouts or representatives of the GSCV.","1.9 Other Councils: \nMaterials from Councils outside of GSCV and its preceding councils are included here.","Series 2: Camps","Most materials relating to camps run by GSVA are maintained in this series. Items like photographs and scrapbooks relating to camping or specific camps are listed in their respective subseries, but housed with other photographs and scrapbooks. Slides, books, as well as photographs that may pertain to a camp, but are not identified as such may be listed or found in Series 6: A/V or in Series 9: Printed.","The Series has been broken into nine subseries, most of which pertain to individual camps.","2.1 Camp Administration Materials: \nAdditional materials relating to the administration of camps may also be found in Series 1.","2.2 General Camp Materials:\nGeneral materials not related to the administration of camps as a whole, or of individual camps without their own subseries are contained here.","2.3 Camp Materials:\nContains materials from individual camps. This series is arranged alphabetically by camp, and chronologically therein. Camps include: Day Camps, Holly Dell, Kittamaqund, Pamunkey Ridge, Pine Grove, Pinoaka, Pocahontas.","Series 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Materials that are related to specific troops are housed in this series. These items in this series include correspondence, financial records, speeches, clippings, photographs, and scrapbooks. Materials related to finances are contained in series 1.4: Financial. The bulk of Dorothy Armstrong's donation to the GSCV is housed in this series. Materials such as clippings, scrapbooks, and photographs are physically housed with like-materials.","Series 4: Programming and Events","These materials relate to programs and events created or attended by GSCV troops or members. These include regional and national conferences and conventions, Girl Scout Week, \"Wider Opportunity,\" and GS Cookie Week, as well as events like Youth Expos, fashion shows, visits by dignitaries, and breakfasts. This series and its subseries are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n    \nThis series has been divided into four subseries as follows:","4.1 Anniversary Materials.","4.2 Regional Conferences.","4.3 National Conferences and Conventions.","4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials.","Series 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Materials that document awards and recognitions received or given by GSCV and its members are kept in this series. This includes awards-related correspondence, applications, and the award, certificate, or proclamation itself. This series is arranged chronologically.","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and Audio-Visual Material","This series contains photographs and scrapbooks that did not fit with other series. It also contains slides and audio-visual materials consisting of audio cassettes, 45 and 33 rpm records, compact disks, DVDs, VHS, and film reels. Scrapbooks can contain photographs, newspaper clippings, article clippings, pamphlets, and tickets. Materials are grouped by type, and an effort has been made to arrange them in chronological order; many dates are approximate. \t\t\n    Photographs are in black and white unless otherwise noted until approximately 1962; after 1992, photographs are in color unless noted.\n    \nThis series is arranged into five subseries.","6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums.","6.2 Slides: \nThis subseries contains slides from the 1950s through the 2000s. They are arranged alphabetically, and chronologically therein.","6.3 Scrapbooks.","6.5 Audio-Visual: \nThis subseries contains film reels, video cassettes, DVDs, audio CDs and audiocassettes, and 45 and 33 rpm records.","Series 7: Textiles and Related Materials","Textiles and related materials such as hats, belts, shoes, catalogs, and information on uniforms are kept in this series. There are multiple complete Brownie and Girl Scouts uniforms from various points in the history of the Scouts maintained in this series. Some patches, pins, and badges that are attached to sashes are in this series. Individual patches and some older textiles may also be located in Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera.\n    \n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records: \nThis subseries contains materials that relay information about the uniforms: their evolution, their production, and items such as catalogs and patterns.\n    \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles.","Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera","This series houses artifacts from the history of the Girl Scouts in Virginia. Of particular interest are items like Girl Scout paper dolls, a branded Brownie Camera, canteens and collapsible camping cups, patches and badges, and Girl Scout pins. There are also multiple items of ephemera such as Girl Scout cookie boxes and stationery.","Series 9: Printed Materials","This series contains books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, newsletters and other printed items, loose newspaper and magazine clippings. The publisher is either the Girl Scouts, the GSCV, or an outside entity. This series is arranged alphabetically by topic (annual events, Cookie Sale, handbooks, etc.) and/or title and chronologically therein. Of particular note is the wide array of Girl Scout booklets and the \"Newsletters\" section, which contains an early extended run of \"The Girl Scout Leader\" from approximately 1932-1940, as well as runs of \"Trefoil,\" \"Girl Scout News,\" \"Images,\" and \"LEaDS\" from 1982-1999.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012"],"collection_ssim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 400","/repositories/5/resources/600"],"unitid_tesim":["M 400","/repositories/5/resources/600"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"creator_ssim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"creators_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated by The Commonwealth Council of Virginia Girl Scouts in two batches in 2011 and 2014."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 Linear Feet 118 Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["130 Linear Feet 118 Boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been arranged into nine series. Further information on the series, their contents and organization can be found in the Scope and Content note.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Council and Administrative Materials \n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.2 Reports\u003c/li\u003e \n\u003cli\u003e1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.4 Financial\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.7 History\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.8 Administrator's Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.9 Other Councils\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 2: Camps\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\t\n\u003cli\u003e2.1 Camp Administration Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2.2 General Camp Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2.3 Camp Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Programming and Events\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e4.1 Anniversary Materials \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.2 Regional Conferences \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.3 National Conferences and Conventions \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Photographs, Slides, and A/V\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.2 Slides \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.3 Scrapbooks \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.4 Audio-Visual\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n \nSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7.2 Uniforms and Textiles \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\t\nSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\nSubseries: \n\u003cli\u003e8.1 Artifacts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e8.2Ephemera\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9: Printed Materials\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection has been arranged into nine series. Further information on the series, their contents and organization can be found in the Scope and Content note.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials \nSubseries:\n1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents \n1.2 Reports \n1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes\n1.4 Financial\n1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond\n1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials\n1.7 History\n1.8 Administrator's Materials\n1.9 Other Councils","Series 2: Camps\nSubseries:\t\n2.1 Camp Administration Materials\n2.2 General Camp Materials\n2.3 Camp Materials\n\nSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Series 4: Programming and Events\nSubseries:\n4.1 Anniversary Materials \n4.2 Regional Conferences \n4.3 National Conferences and Conventions \n4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials \n\nSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and A/V\nSubseries:\n6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums \n6.2 Slides \n6.3 Scrapbooks \n6.4 Audio-Visual\n\n \nSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\nSubseries:\n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles \n\t\nSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\nSubseries: \n8.1 Artifacts\n8.2Ephemera","Series 9: Printed Materials"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia Council began in 1963 following a merger between the Girl Scouts of Richmond and the Girl Scouts of Southside Virginia councils to provide more extensive services to Scouts in central Virginia. However, neither this council nor the two preceding it was the start of Girl Scouting in the area. There has been active Girl Scouting in Richmond prior to the official establishment of a council, though few records of the earliest days remain. Using Boy Scout manuals and enlisting the guidance of the director of the Richmond Boy Scouts, area girls recruited adult leaders and began informal scouting groups. In November 1913, the first official Girl Scout troop in Virginia, Pansy Troop Number 1, was formed in Highland Springs. Sponsored by the Women's Study Club for Right Living of Highland Springs, the troop was founded by Mrs. Kate G. Read and Mrs. Marion T. Read. This troop eventually split into two: Pansy Troop no. 1 and Pansy Troop no. 2, due to demand from local girls for membership.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Girl Scouts of Richmond Council was formally organized on April 12, 1921 when the first Council Meeting was held at the Jefferson Hotel with 35 adult members, 11 troops, and 75 girls. The council received its official charter on May 10 of that year as the second chartered council in Virginia. Because of the Highland Springs troop's formation in 1913 and their inclusion in the Richmond Council, 1913 is commonly used for the date of inception for the Richmond Girl Scouts. In 1928, under the leadership of Commissioner Ruth Robertson McGuire, the Richmond Council was incorporated by the Girl Scouts of the United States of America.\nInitially, the Girl Scouts of Richmond was a racially exclusive organization, open only to white girls and women. Black Scouting in Richmond did not begin until 1932, when Troop 34, the first African American Girl Scout troop south of the Potomac River, was established. Mrs. Lena B. Watson of Virginia Union University (VUU) was instrumental in the group's formation  when she approached the Richmond council for permission to form a Black troop. Some council members  were supportive, but the council as a whole ultimately refused to consider it. The National Girl Scouting Headquarters became involved, forcing the Richmond council to allow the troop to form. In June 1932, the first Black troop formed at Hartshorn Hall at VUU with high school teacher Lavinia Banks as their leader.\nWhile Scouting in Richmond was developing, so too was Scouting in the southern part of Virginia. Hopewell formed its first troop in 1917, and many other troops in rural, semi-rural, and smaller urban areas followed. By 1942, the Petersburg Council organized, and the Hopewell Council formed in 1956, bringing many of the lone rural troops under the umbrella of a council. In 1958, the Hopewell Council merged with the Petersburg Council to form the Southside Council, bringing all troops in Southside Virginia Council services and support.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn response to rethinking the organization of Scouting in Virginia, the Richmond Council merged with the Southside Council to form the Commonwealth Council or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1962. During this time, troop integration became a reality for Virginia Girl Scouts. Integration began in 1963 with the Fort Lee troop. Black Scouts were allowed to participate at Camp Holly Dell for the first time, and by 1968 segregated troops were no more. \nOver the years, the councils that became the Commonwealth Council have provided programs and opportunities for girls to explore, learn, and build character through STEM, environmental stewardship, financial literacy, camping events, homemaking, and first aid. Citizenship was integral to Scouting from its inception. During World War I, Scouts entertained military troops at Fort Lee, and visited hospitals in morale-boosting calls. At least one scouting troop was so beloved for their service, that they were deemed honorary members of one of the units stationed at Fort Lee. In the Second World War, Scouts led scrap drives and defense preparedness activities. In addition to citizenship, Scouts raised awareness as well as money for their organization. In the earliest years of Scouting in Richmond, Scouts solicited donations by going door-to-door or having booths at fairs. In 1925, the Richmond Council became a member of the Community Chest, and could focus on other ways to fundraise. One successful fundraiser occurred when the troops brought John Philip Sousa and his band to Richmond, which raised a large amount of money for the organization and allowed the expansion of programs for the girls. The first cookie sale was in 1936, and approximately 11,694 pounds of cookies were sold, which allowed for expanded services, camping activities, and improved camping facilities. The annual event has been popular ever since, and continues to raise money for troop activities and support into the present day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCamps have always been an important part of Girl Scouting. In the earliest years of the Richmond Council, white Girl Scouts used the Boy Scout camps for a few weeks every summer, but it soon became apparent that the girls needed their own camps. Eventually, the Richmond Council settled on a property in Bon Air, VA, that became Camp Pocahontas in 1928. Day Camps, held in conjunction with the YWCA, began in 1932.  Camp Pinoaka for Black Girl Scouts in Pocahontas State Park followed in 1936, and the Petersburg Council purchased Camp Holly Dell in Chesterfield in 1951. All three camps were eventually sold, and resources put into two other camps- Camp Kittamaqund, established in 1964 in the Northern Neck, and Camp Pamunkey Ridge in Hanover County. Smaller sleep-away camps, as well as day camps, were also scattered across the tri-city area and the state.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs of 2021, the Commonwealth Council, or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia, is one of four councils in the state and serves over 17,500 girls and women in central Virginia, stretching from the cities of Emporia to Fredericksburg, with its headquarters in the greater Richmond area. It is governed by a Board of Directors, which is elected by delegates from the council membership. The Board is responsible for establishing policies, approving budgets, and setting the direction for the Council. The board consists of a Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Members-at-Large, and two girl board members. The CEO and girl members are ex-officio, non-voting members. All serve two-year terms, and may not serve more than three consecutive terms, though the Chair is eligible to serve an additional three successive terms in another position. The Board conducts its business as the entire unit and in smaller committees, such as the Executive Committee, Finance Committee, Membership, and Program Committees. An Annual Meeting of the Board is held, and the Board continues to meet throughout the year, as do committees, as needed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia Council began in 1963 following a merger between the Girl Scouts of Richmond and the Girl Scouts of Southside Virginia councils to provide more extensive services to Scouts in central Virginia. However, neither this council nor the two preceding it was the start of Girl Scouting in the area. There has been active Girl Scouting in Richmond prior to the official establishment of a council, though few records of the earliest days remain. Using Boy Scout manuals and enlisting the guidance of the director of the Richmond Boy Scouts, area girls recruited adult leaders and began informal scouting groups. In November 1913, the first official Girl Scout troop in Virginia, Pansy Troop Number 1, was formed in Highland Springs. Sponsored by the Women's Study Club for Right Living of Highland Springs, the troop was founded by Mrs. Kate G. Read and Mrs. Marion T. Read. This troop eventually split into two: Pansy Troop no. 1 and Pansy Troop no. 2, due to demand from local girls for membership.","The Girl Scouts of Richmond Council was formally organized on April 12, 1921 when the first Council Meeting was held at the Jefferson Hotel with 35 adult members, 11 troops, and 75 girls. The council received its official charter on May 10 of that year as the second chartered council in Virginia. Because of the Highland Springs troop's formation in 1913 and their inclusion in the Richmond Council, 1913 is commonly used for the date of inception for the Richmond Girl Scouts. In 1928, under the leadership of Commissioner Ruth Robertson McGuire, the Richmond Council was incorporated by the Girl Scouts of the United States of America.\nInitially, the Girl Scouts of Richmond was a racially exclusive organization, open only to white girls and women. Black Scouting in Richmond did not begin until 1932, when Troop 34, the first African American Girl Scout troop south of the Potomac River, was established. Mrs. Lena B. Watson of Virginia Union University (VUU) was instrumental in the group's formation  when she approached the Richmond council for permission to form a Black troop. Some council members  were supportive, but the council as a whole ultimately refused to consider it. The National Girl Scouting Headquarters became involved, forcing the Richmond council to allow the troop to form. In June 1932, the first Black troop formed at Hartshorn Hall at VUU with high school teacher Lavinia Banks as their leader.\nWhile Scouting in Richmond was developing, so too was Scouting in the southern part of Virginia. Hopewell formed its first troop in 1917, and many other troops in rural, semi-rural, and smaller urban areas followed. By 1942, the Petersburg Council organized, and the Hopewell Council formed in 1956, bringing many of the lone rural troops under the umbrella of a council. In 1958, the Hopewell Council merged with the Petersburg Council to form the Southside Council, bringing all troops in Southside Virginia Council services and support.","In response to rethinking the organization of Scouting in Virginia, the Richmond Council merged with the Southside Council to form the Commonwealth Council or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1962. During this time, troop integration became a reality for Virginia Girl Scouts. Integration began in 1963 with the Fort Lee troop. Black Scouts were allowed to participate at Camp Holly Dell for the first time, and by 1968 segregated troops were no more. \nOver the years, the councils that became the Commonwealth Council have provided programs and opportunities for girls to explore, learn, and build character through STEM, environmental stewardship, financial literacy, camping events, homemaking, and first aid. Citizenship was integral to Scouting from its inception. During World War I, Scouts entertained military troops at Fort Lee, and visited hospitals in morale-boosting calls. At least one scouting troop was so beloved for their service, that they were deemed honorary members of one of the units stationed at Fort Lee. In the Second World War, Scouts led scrap drives and defense preparedness activities. In addition to citizenship, Scouts raised awareness as well as money for their organization. In the earliest years of Scouting in Richmond, Scouts solicited donations by going door-to-door or having booths at fairs. In 1925, the Richmond Council became a member of the Community Chest, and could focus on other ways to fundraise. One successful fundraiser occurred when the troops brought John Philip Sousa and his band to Richmond, which raised a large amount of money for the organization and allowed the expansion of programs for the girls. The first cookie sale was in 1936, and approximately 11,694 pounds of cookies were sold, which allowed for expanded services, camping activities, and improved camping facilities. The annual event has been popular ever since, and continues to raise money for troop activities and support into the present day.","Camps have always been an important part of Girl Scouting. In the earliest years of the Richmond Council, white Girl Scouts used the Boy Scout camps for a few weeks every summer, but it soon became apparent that the girls needed their own camps. Eventually, the Richmond Council settled on a property in Bon Air, VA, that became Camp Pocahontas in 1928. Day Camps, held in conjunction with the YWCA, began in 1932.  Camp Pinoaka for Black Girl Scouts in Pocahontas State Park followed in 1936, and the Petersburg Council purchased Camp Holly Dell in Chesterfield in 1951. All three camps were eventually sold, and resources put into two other camps- Camp Kittamaqund, established in 1964 in the Northern Neck, and Camp Pamunkey Ridge in Hanover County. Smaller sleep-away camps, as well as day camps, were also scattered across the tri-city area and the state.","As of 2021, the Commonwealth Council, or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia, is one of four councils in the state and serves over 17,500 girls and women in central Virginia, stretching from the cities of Emporia to Fredericksburg, with its headquarters in the greater Richmond area. It is governed by a Board of Directors, which is elected by delegates from the council membership. The Board is responsible for establishing policies, approving budgets, and setting the direction for the Council. The board consists of a Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Members-at-Large, and two girl board members. The CEO and girl members are ex-officio, non-voting members. All serve two-year terms, and may not serve more than three consecutive terms, though the Chair is eligible to serve an additional three successive terms in another position. The Board conducts its business as the entire unit and in smaller committees, such as the Executive Committee, Finance Committee, Membership, and Program Committees. An Annual Meeting of the Board is held, and the Board continues to meet throughout the year, as do committees, as needed."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains many different formats. Negatives will need a scanner or light box to be properly accessed. Video formats include 35 and 78mm film, BetaCam, VHS, and U-Matic video and will need the proper video players to access them. CDs and DVDs, as well as audio cassette, reel-to-reel tape, 78 and 45 rpm records, and mini-cassette are included for audio formats.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["This collection contains many different formats. Negatives will need a scanner or light box to be properly accessed. Video formats include 35 and 78mm film, BetaCam, VHS, and U-Matic video and will need the proper video players to access them. CDs and DVDs, as well as audio cassette, reel-to-reel tape, 78 and 45 rpm records, and mini-cassette are included for audio formats."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia records, 1910-2012, Collection number M 400, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia records, 1910-2012, Collection number M 400, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e2022: The collection was minimally processed prior to 2014. Beginning in 2020 and finishing in 2022, the collection was fully processe. This included consolidating materials, removing duplicates, deaccessioning widely-available publications, and processing the two accessions into one collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["2022: The collection was minimally processed prior to 2014. Beginning in 2020 and finishing in 2022, the collection was fully processe. This included consolidating materials, removing duplicates, deaccessioning widely-available publications, and processing the two accessions into one collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia (GSCV) records are composed of documents, correspondence, photographs, audio-visual materials, textiles, and artifacts that chronicle the evolution of Girl Scouting in the greater Richmond, Virginia area and the creation of the Commonwealth Council. The collection ranges in date from approximately 1913 through 2012, with the bulk of the materials falling within 1924-2005.  The collection has been arranged into nine series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1: Council and Administrative Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to the running and administration of the GSCV are located in this series. These items include policies and procedures, financial records, GSCV and Girl Scouting history in VA, and correspondence. This series also contains policies and procedures as outlined by both the Girl Scouts of the USA and GSCV and its preceding entities.\nSeries 1 comprises nine subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.2 Reports: \nSeries 1.2 contains reports written by, about, or for the Richmond/ Commonwealth Council of VA Girl Scouts. They are arranged by author type and chronologically therein. Self-reports are first, followed by National Girl Scout reports, and reports about but not by Girl Scout entities are last.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes: \nMaterials pertaining to meetings are kept with their respective meetings. This includes notes, minutes, correspondence, and other meeting items. Additionally, information on the formation of Black troops in Richmond can be found in the minutes starting in 1931. These materials are arranged by Council/Board/Annual Meetings, which may have committee materials included in chronological order, followed by solo committee materials, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.4 Financial: \nIncludes financial records and audits, both for the Council, as well as local troops. Series 1.4 is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.7 History: \nMany materials relate to the history of Black Scouting in Richmond, the earliest records of Girl Scouting in Richmond, general history, and the records of the councils that preceded the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.8 Administrator's Materials: \nThese materials contain the individual correspondence and effects of administrators in their work as scouts or representatives of the GSCV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.9 Other Councils: \nMaterials from Councils outside of GSCV and its preceding councils are included here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2: Camps\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMost materials relating to camps run by GSVA are maintained in this series. Items like photographs and scrapbooks relating to camping or specific camps are listed in their respective subseries, but housed with other photographs and scrapbooks. Slides, books, as well as photographs that may pertain to a camp, but are not identified as such may be listed or found in Series 6: A/V or in Series 9: Printed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Series has been broken into nine subseries, most of which pertain to individual camps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.1 Camp Administration Materials: \nAdditional materials relating to the administration of camps may also be found in Series 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.2 General Camp Materials:\nGeneral materials not related to the administration of camps as a whole, or of individual camps without their own subseries are contained here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.3 Camp Materials:\nContains materials from individual camps. This series is arranged alphabetically by camp, and chronologically therein. Camps include: Day Camps, Holly Dell, Kittamaqund, Pamunkey Ridge, Pine Grove, Pinoaka, Pocahontas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMaterials that are related to specific troops are housed in this series. These items in this series include correspondence, financial records, speeches, clippings, photographs, and scrapbooks. Materials related to finances are contained in series 1.4: Financial. The bulk of Dorothy Armstrong's donation to the GSCV is housed in this series. Materials such as clippings, scrapbooks, and photographs are physically housed with like-materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4: Programming and Events\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThese materials relate to programs and events created or attended by GSCV troops or members. These include regional and national conferences and conventions, Girl Scout Week, \"Wider Opportunity,\" and GS Cookie Week, as well as events like Youth Expos, fashion shows, visits by dignitaries, and breakfasts. This series and its subseries are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n    \nThis series has been divided into four subseries as follows:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.1 Anniversary Materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.2 Regional Conferences.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.3 National Conferences and Conventions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMaterials that document awards and recognitions received or given by GSCV and its members are kept in this series. This includes awards-related correspondence, applications, and the award, certificate, or proclamation itself. \u003cbr\u003eThis series is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 6: Photographs, Slides, and Audio-Visual Material\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis series contains photographs and scrapbooks that did not fit with other series. It also contains slides and audio-visual materials consisting of audio cassettes, 45 and 33 rpm records, compact disks, DVDs, VHS, and film reels. Scrapbooks can contain photographs, newspaper clippings, article clippings, pamphlets, and tickets. Materials are grouped by type, and an effort has been made to arrange them in chronological order; many dates are approximate. \t\t\n    Photographs are in black and white unless otherwise noted until approximately 1962; after 1992, photographs are in color unless noted.\n    \nThis series is arranged into five subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.2 Slides: \nThis subseries contains slides from the 1950s through the 2000s. They are arranged alphabetically, and chronologically therein.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.3 Scrapbooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.5 Audio-Visual: \nThis subseries contains film reels, video cassettes, DVDs, audio CDs and audiocassettes, and 45 and 33 rpm records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nTextiles and related materials such as hats, belts, shoes, catalogs, and information on uniforms are kept in this series. There are multiple complete Brownie and Girl Scouts uniforms from various points in the history of the Scouts maintained in this series. Some patches, pins, and badges that are attached to sashes are in this series. Individual patches and some older textiles may also be located in Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera.\n    \n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records: \nThis subseries contains materials that relay information about the uniforms: their evolution, their production, and items such as catalogs and patterns.\n    \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis series houses artifacts from the history of the Girl Scouts in Virginia. Of particular interest are items like Girl Scout paper dolls, a branded Brownie Camera, canteens and collapsible camping cups, patches and badges, and Girl Scout pins. There are also multiple items of ephemera such as Girl Scout cookie boxes and stationery.\n    \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 9: Printed Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis series contains books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, newsletters and other printed items, loose newspaper and magazine clippings. The publisher is either the Girl Scouts, the GSCV, or an outside entity. This series is arranged alphabetically by topic (annual events, Cookie Sale, handbooks, etc.) and/or title and chronologically therein. Of particular note is the wide array of Girl Scout booklets and the \"Newsletters\" section, which contains an early extended run of \"The Girl Scout Leader\" from approximately 1932-1940, as well as runs of \"Trefoil,\" \"Girl Scout News,\" \"Images,\" and \"LEaDS\" from 1982-1999.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia (GSCV) records are composed of documents, correspondence, photographs, audio-visual materials, textiles, and artifacts that chronicle the evolution of Girl Scouting in the greater Richmond, Virginia area and the creation of the Commonwealth Council. The collection ranges in date from approximately 1913 through 2012, with the bulk of the materials falling within 1924-2005.  The collection has been arranged into nine series.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials","Materials related to the running and administration of the GSCV are located in this series. These items include policies and procedures, financial records, GSCV and Girl Scouting history in VA, and correspondence. This series also contains policies and procedures as outlined by both the Girl Scouts of the USA and GSCV and its preceding entities.\nSeries 1 comprises nine subseries.","1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents.","1.2 Reports: \nSeries 1.2 contains reports written by, about, or for the Richmond/ Commonwealth Council of VA Girl Scouts. They are arranged by author type and chronologically therein. Self-reports are first, followed by National Girl Scout reports, and reports about but not by Girl Scout entities are last.","1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes: \nMaterials pertaining to meetings are kept with their respective meetings. This includes notes, minutes, correspondence, and other meeting items. Additionally, information on the formation of Black troops in Richmond can be found in the minutes starting in 1931. These materials are arranged by Council/Board/Annual Meetings, which may have committee materials included in chronological order, followed by solo committee materials, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","1.4 Financial: \nIncludes financial records and audits, both for the Council, as well as local troops. Series 1.4 is arranged chronologically.","1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond.","1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials.","1.7 History: \nMany materials relate to the history of Black Scouting in Richmond, the earliest records of Girl Scouting in Richmond, general history, and the records of the councils that preceded the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia.","1.8 Administrator's Materials: \nThese materials contain the individual correspondence and effects of administrators in their work as scouts or representatives of the GSCV.","1.9 Other Councils: \nMaterials from Councils outside of GSCV and its preceding councils are included here.","Series 2: Camps","Most materials relating to camps run by GSVA are maintained in this series. Items like photographs and scrapbooks relating to camping or specific camps are listed in their respective subseries, but housed with other photographs and scrapbooks. Slides, books, as well as photographs that may pertain to a camp, but are not identified as such may be listed or found in Series 6: A/V or in Series 9: Printed.","The Series has been broken into nine subseries, most of which pertain to individual camps.","2.1 Camp Administration Materials: \nAdditional materials relating to the administration of camps may also be found in Series 1.","2.2 General Camp Materials:\nGeneral materials not related to the administration of camps as a whole, or of individual camps without their own subseries are contained here.","2.3 Camp Materials:\nContains materials from individual camps. This series is arranged alphabetically by camp, and chronologically therein. Camps include: Day Camps, Holly Dell, Kittamaqund, Pamunkey Ridge, Pine Grove, Pinoaka, Pocahontas.","Series 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Materials that are related to specific troops are housed in this series. These items in this series include correspondence, financial records, speeches, clippings, photographs, and scrapbooks. Materials related to finances are contained in series 1.4: Financial. The bulk of Dorothy Armstrong's donation to the GSCV is housed in this series. Materials such as clippings, scrapbooks, and photographs are physically housed with like-materials.","Series 4: Programming and Events","These materials relate to programs and events created or attended by GSCV troops or members. These include regional and national conferences and conventions, Girl Scout Week, \"Wider Opportunity,\" and GS Cookie Week, as well as events like Youth Expos, fashion shows, visits by dignitaries, and breakfasts. This series and its subseries are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n    \nThis series has been divided into four subseries as follows:","4.1 Anniversary Materials.","4.2 Regional Conferences.","4.3 National Conferences and Conventions.","4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials.","Series 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Materials that document awards and recognitions received or given by GSCV and its members are kept in this series. This includes awards-related correspondence, applications, and the award, certificate, or proclamation itself. This series is arranged chronologically.","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and Audio-Visual Material","This series contains photographs and scrapbooks that did not fit with other series. It also contains slides and audio-visual materials consisting of audio cassettes, 45 and 33 rpm records, compact disks, DVDs, VHS, and film reels. Scrapbooks can contain photographs, newspaper clippings, article clippings, pamphlets, and tickets. Materials are grouped by type, and an effort has been made to arrange them in chronological order; many dates are approximate. \t\t\n    Photographs are in black and white unless otherwise noted until approximately 1962; after 1992, photographs are in color unless noted.\n    \nThis series is arranged into five subseries.","6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums.","6.2 Slides: \nThis subseries contains slides from the 1950s through the 2000s. They are arranged alphabetically, and chronologically therein.","6.3 Scrapbooks.","6.5 Audio-Visual: \nThis subseries contains film reels, video cassettes, DVDs, audio CDs and audiocassettes, and 45 and 33 rpm records.","Series 7: Textiles and Related Materials","Textiles and related materials such as hats, belts, shoes, catalogs, and information on uniforms are kept in this series. There are multiple complete Brownie and Girl Scouts uniforms from various points in the history of the Scouts maintained in this series. Some patches, pins, and badges that are attached to sashes are in this series. Individual patches and some older textiles may also be located in Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera.\n    \n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records: \nThis subseries contains materials that relay information about the uniforms: their evolution, their production, and items such as catalogs and patterns.\n    \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles.","Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera","This series houses artifacts from the history of the Girl Scouts in Virginia. Of particular interest are items like Girl Scout paper dolls, a branded Brownie Camera, canteens and collapsible camping cups, patches and badges, and Girl Scout pins. There are also multiple items of ephemera such as Girl Scout cookie boxes and stationery.","Series 9: Printed Materials","This series contains books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, newsletters and other printed items, loose newspaper and magazine clippings. The publisher is either the Girl Scouts, the GSCV, or an outside entity. This series is arranged alphabetically by topic (annual events, Cookie Sale, handbooks, etc.) and/or title and chronologically therein. Of particular note is the wide array of Girl Scout booklets and the \"Newsletters\" section, which contains an early extended run of \"The Girl Scout Leader\" from approximately 1932-1940, as well as runs of \"Trefoil,\" \"Girl Scout News,\" \"Images,\" and \"LEaDS\" from 1982-1999."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"names_coll_ssim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1502,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:16.668Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c04_c01_c09"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01_c197","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"50th Anniversary of Girl Scouting, 1962","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01_c197#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01_c197","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01_c197"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01_c197","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01","parent_ssim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","Series 6: Photographs, Scrapbooks, Audio/Visual","6.1 Photographs"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06","vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"50th Anniversary of Girl Scouting","title_ssm":["50th Anniversary of Girl Scouting"],"title_tesim":["50th Anniversary of Girl Scouting"],"normalized_title_ssm":["50th Anniversary of Girl Scouting, 1962"],"text":["50th Anniversary of Girl Scouting, 1962","Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","Series 6: Photographs, Scrapbooks, Audio/Visual","6.1 Photographs","box 26","folder 13"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","Series 6: Photographs, Scrapbooks, Audio/Visual","6.1 Photographs"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","Series 6: Photographs, Scrapbooks, Audio/Visual","6.1 Photographs"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1962"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1962"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":642,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012"],"containers_ssim":["box 26","folder 13"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1962],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#0/components#196","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:16.668Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_600.xml","title_ssm":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records"],"title_tesim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1910-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1910-2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1910/2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012"],"text":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","M 400","/repositories/5/resources/600","The collection is open for research.","The collection has been arranged into nine series. Further information on the series, their contents and organization can be found in the Scope and Content note.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials \nSubseries:\n1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents \n1.2 Reports \n1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes\n1.4 Financial\n1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond\n1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials\n1.7 History\n1.8 Administrator's Materials\n1.9 Other Councils","Series 2: Camps\nSubseries:\t\n2.1 Camp Administration Materials\n2.2 General Camp Materials\n2.3 Camp Materials\n\nSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Series 4: Programming and Events\nSubseries:\n4.1 Anniversary Materials \n4.2 Regional Conferences \n4.3 National Conferences and Conventions \n4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials \n\nSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and A/V\nSubseries:\n6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums \n6.2 Slides \n6.3 Scrapbooks \n6.4 Audio-Visual\n\n \nSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\nSubseries:\n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles \n\t\nSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\nSubseries: \n8.1 Artifacts\n8.2Ephemera","Series 9: Printed Materials","The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia Council began in 1963 following a merger between the Girl Scouts of Richmond and the Girl Scouts of Southside Virginia councils to provide more extensive services to Scouts in central Virginia. However, neither this council nor the two preceding it was the start of Girl Scouting in the area. There has been active Girl Scouting in Richmond prior to the official establishment of a council, though few records of the earliest days remain. Using Boy Scout manuals and enlisting the guidance of the director of the Richmond Boy Scouts, area girls recruited adult leaders and began informal scouting groups. In November 1913, the first official Girl Scout troop in Virginia, Pansy Troop Number 1, was formed in Highland Springs. Sponsored by the Women's Study Club for Right Living of Highland Springs, the troop was founded by Mrs. Kate G. Read and Mrs. Marion T. Read. This troop eventually split into two: Pansy Troop no. 1 and Pansy Troop no. 2, due to demand from local girls for membership.","The Girl Scouts of Richmond Council was formally organized on April 12, 1921 when the first Council Meeting was held at the Jefferson Hotel with 35 adult members, 11 troops, and 75 girls. The council received its official charter on May 10 of that year as the second chartered council in Virginia. Because of the Highland Springs troop's formation in 1913 and their inclusion in the Richmond Council, 1913 is commonly used for the date of inception for the Richmond Girl Scouts. In 1928, under the leadership of Commissioner Ruth Robertson McGuire, the Richmond Council was incorporated by the Girl Scouts of the United States of America.\nInitially, the Girl Scouts of Richmond was a racially exclusive organization, open only to white girls and women. Black Scouting in Richmond did not begin until 1932, when Troop 34, the first African American Girl Scout troop south of the Potomac River, was established. Mrs. Lena B. Watson of Virginia Union University (VUU) was instrumental in the group's formation  when she approached the Richmond council for permission to form a Black troop. Some council members  were supportive, but the council as a whole ultimately refused to consider it. The National Girl Scouting Headquarters became involved, forcing the Richmond council to allow the troop to form. In June 1932, the first Black troop formed at Hartshorn Hall at VUU with high school teacher Lavinia Banks as their leader.\nWhile Scouting in Richmond was developing, so too was Scouting in the southern part of Virginia. Hopewell formed its first troop in 1917, and many other troops in rural, semi-rural, and smaller urban areas followed. By 1942, the Petersburg Council organized, and the Hopewell Council formed in 1956, bringing many of the lone rural troops under the umbrella of a council. In 1958, the Hopewell Council merged with the Petersburg Council to form the Southside Council, bringing all troops in Southside Virginia Council services and support.","In response to rethinking the organization of Scouting in Virginia, the Richmond Council merged with the Southside Council to form the Commonwealth Council or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1962. During this time, troop integration became a reality for Virginia Girl Scouts. Integration began in 1963 with the Fort Lee troop. Black Scouts were allowed to participate at Camp Holly Dell for the first time, and by 1968 segregated troops were no more. \nOver the years, the councils that became the Commonwealth Council have provided programs and opportunities for girls to explore, learn, and build character through STEM, environmental stewardship, financial literacy, camping events, homemaking, and first aid. Citizenship was integral to Scouting from its inception. During World War I, Scouts entertained military troops at Fort Lee, and visited hospitals in morale-boosting calls. At least one scouting troop was so beloved for their service, that they were deemed honorary members of one of the units stationed at Fort Lee. In the Second World War, Scouts led scrap drives and defense preparedness activities. In addition to citizenship, Scouts raised awareness as well as money for their organization. In the earliest years of Scouting in Richmond, Scouts solicited donations by going door-to-door or having booths at fairs. In 1925, the Richmond Council became a member of the Community Chest, and could focus on other ways to fundraise. One successful fundraiser occurred when the troops brought John Philip Sousa and his band to Richmond, which raised a large amount of money for the organization and allowed the expansion of programs for the girls. The first cookie sale was in 1936, and approximately 11,694 pounds of cookies were sold, which allowed for expanded services, camping activities, and improved camping facilities. The annual event has been popular ever since, and continues to raise money for troop activities and support into the present day.","Camps have always been an important part of Girl Scouting. In the earliest years of the Richmond Council, white Girl Scouts used the Boy Scout camps for a few weeks every summer, but it soon became apparent that the girls needed their own camps. Eventually, the Richmond Council settled on a property in Bon Air, VA, that became Camp Pocahontas in 1928. Day Camps, held in conjunction with the YWCA, began in 1932.  Camp Pinoaka for Black Girl Scouts in Pocahontas State Park followed in 1936, and the Petersburg Council purchased Camp Holly Dell in Chesterfield in 1951. All three camps were eventually sold, and resources put into two other camps- Camp Kittamaqund, established in 1964 in the Northern Neck, and Camp Pamunkey Ridge in Hanover County. Smaller sleep-away camps, as well as day camps, were also scattered across the tri-city area and the state.","As of 2021, the Commonwealth Council, or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia, is one of four councils in the state and serves over 17,500 girls and women in central Virginia, stretching from the cities of Emporia to Fredericksburg, with its headquarters in the greater Richmond area. It is governed by a Board of Directors, which is elected by delegates from the council membership. The Board is responsible for establishing policies, approving budgets, and setting the direction for the Council. The board consists of a Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Members-at-Large, and two girl board members. The CEO and girl members are ex-officio, non-voting members. All serve two-year terms, and may not serve more than three consecutive terms, though the Chair is eligible to serve an additional three successive terms in another position. The Board conducts its business as the entire unit and in smaller committees, such as the Executive Committee, Finance Committee, Membership, and Program Committees. An Annual Meeting of the Board is held, and the Board continues to meet throughout the year, as do committees, as needed.","This collection contains many different formats. Negatives will need a scanner or light box to be properly accessed. Video formats include 35 and 78mm film, BetaCam, VHS, and U-Matic video and will need the proper video players to access them. CDs and DVDs, as well as audio cassette, reel-to-reel tape, 78 and 45 rpm records, and mini-cassette are included for audio formats.","2022: The collection was minimally processed prior to 2014. Beginning in 2020 and finishing in 2022, the collection was fully processe. This included consolidating materials, removing duplicates, deaccessioning widely-available publications, and processing the two accessions into one collection.","The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia (GSCV) records are composed of documents, correspondence, photographs, audio-visual materials, textiles, and artifacts that chronicle the evolution of Girl Scouting in the greater Richmond, Virginia area and the creation of the Commonwealth Council. The collection ranges in date from approximately 1913 through 2012, with the bulk of the materials falling within 1924-2005.  The collection has been arranged into nine series.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials","Materials related to the running and administration of the GSCV are located in this series. These items include policies and procedures, financial records, GSCV and Girl Scouting history in VA, and correspondence. This series also contains policies and procedures as outlined by both the Girl Scouts of the USA and GSCV and its preceding entities.\nSeries 1 comprises nine subseries.","1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents.","1.2 Reports: \nSeries 1.2 contains reports written by, about, or for the Richmond/ Commonwealth Council of VA Girl Scouts. They are arranged by author type and chronologically therein. Self-reports are first, followed by National Girl Scout reports, and reports about but not by Girl Scout entities are last.","1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes: \nMaterials pertaining to meetings are kept with their respective meetings. This includes notes, minutes, correspondence, and other meeting items. Additionally, information on the formation of Black troops in Richmond can be found in the minutes starting in 1931. These materials are arranged by Council/Board/Annual Meetings, which may have committee materials included in chronological order, followed by solo committee materials, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","1.4 Financial: \nIncludes financial records and audits, both for the Council, as well as local troops. Series 1.4 is arranged chronologically.","1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond.","1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials.","1.7 History: \nMany materials relate to the history of Black Scouting in Richmond, the earliest records of Girl Scouting in Richmond, general history, and the records of the councils that preceded the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia.","1.8 Administrator's Materials: \nThese materials contain the individual correspondence and effects of administrators in their work as scouts or representatives of the GSCV.","1.9 Other Councils: \nMaterials from Councils outside of GSCV and its preceding councils are included here.","Series 2: Camps","Most materials relating to camps run by GSVA are maintained in this series. Items like photographs and scrapbooks relating to camping or specific camps are listed in their respective subseries, but housed with other photographs and scrapbooks. Slides, books, as well as photographs that may pertain to a camp, but are not identified as such may be listed or found in Series 6: A/V or in Series 9: Printed.","The Series has been broken into nine subseries, most of which pertain to individual camps.","2.1 Camp Administration Materials: \nAdditional materials relating to the administration of camps may also be found in Series 1.","2.2 General Camp Materials:\nGeneral materials not related to the administration of camps as a whole, or of individual camps without their own subseries are contained here.","2.3 Camp Materials:\nContains materials from individual camps. This series is arranged alphabetically by camp, and chronologically therein. Camps include: Day Camps, Holly Dell, Kittamaqund, Pamunkey Ridge, Pine Grove, Pinoaka, Pocahontas.","Series 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Materials that are related to specific troops are housed in this series. These items in this series include correspondence, financial records, speeches, clippings, photographs, and scrapbooks. Materials related to finances are contained in series 1.4: Financial. The bulk of Dorothy Armstrong's donation to the GSCV is housed in this series. Materials such as clippings, scrapbooks, and photographs are physically housed with like-materials.","Series 4: Programming and Events","These materials relate to programs and events created or attended by GSCV troops or members. These include regional and national conferences and conventions, Girl Scout Week, \"Wider Opportunity,\" and GS Cookie Week, as well as events like Youth Expos, fashion shows, visits by dignitaries, and breakfasts. This series and its subseries are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n    \nThis series has been divided into four subseries as follows:","4.1 Anniversary Materials.","4.2 Regional Conferences.","4.3 National Conferences and Conventions.","4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials.","Series 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Materials that document awards and recognitions received or given by GSCV and its members are kept in this series. This includes awards-related correspondence, applications, and the award, certificate, or proclamation itself. This series is arranged chronologically.","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and Audio-Visual Material","This series contains photographs and scrapbooks that did not fit with other series. It also contains slides and audio-visual materials consisting of audio cassettes, 45 and 33 rpm records, compact disks, DVDs, VHS, and film reels. Scrapbooks can contain photographs, newspaper clippings, article clippings, pamphlets, and tickets. Materials are grouped by type, and an effort has been made to arrange them in chronological order; many dates are approximate. \t\t\n    Photographs are in black and white unless otherwise noted until approximately 1962; after 1992, photographs are in color unless noted.\n    \nThis series is arranged into five subseries.","6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums.","6.2 Slides: \nThis subseries contains slides from the 1950s through the 2000s. They are arranged alphabetically, and chronologically therein.","6.3 Scrapbooks.","6.5 Audio-Visual: \nThis subseries contains film reels, video cassettes, DVDs, audio CDs and audiocassettes, and 45 and 33 rpm records.","Series 7: Textiles and Related Materials","Textiles and related materials such as hats, belts, shoes, catalogs, and information on uniforms are kept in this series. There are multiple complete Brownie and Girl Scouts uniforms from various points in the history of the Scouts maintained in this series. Some patches, pins, and badges that are attached to sashes are in this series. Individual patches and some older textiles may also be located in Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera.\n    \n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records: \nThis subseries contains materials that relay information about the uniforms: their evolution, their production, and items such as catalogs and patterns.\n    \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles.","Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera","This series houses artifacts from the history of the Girl Scouts in Virginia. Of particular interest are items like Girl Scout paper dolls, a branded Brownie Camera, canteens and collapsible camping cups, patches and badges, and Girl Scout pins. There are also multiple items of ephemera such as Girl Scout cookie boxes and stationery.","Series 9: Printed Materials","This series contains books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, newsletters and other printed items, loose newspaper and magazine clippings. The publisher is either the Girl Scouts, the GSCV, or an outside entity. This series is arranged alphabetically by topic (annual events, Cookie Sale, handbooks, etc.) and/or title and chronologically therein. Of particular note is the wide array of Girl Scout booklets and the \"Newsletters\" section, which contains an early extended run of \"The Girl Scout Leader\" from approximately 1932-1940, as well as runs of \"Trefoil,\" \"Girl Scout News,\" \"Images,\" and \"LEaDS\" from 1982-1999.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012"],"collection_ssim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 400","/repositories/5/resources/600"],"unitid_tesim":["M 400","/repositories/5/resources/600"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"creator_ssim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"creators_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated by The Commonwealth Council of Virginia Girl Scouts in two batches in 2011 and 2014."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 Linear Feet 118 Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["130 Linear Feet 118 Boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been arranged into nine series. Further information on the series, their contents and organization can be found in the Scope and Content note.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Council and Administrative Materials \n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.2 Reports\u003c/li\u003e \n\u003cli\u003e1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.4 Financial\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.7 History\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.8 Administrator's Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.9 Other Councils\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 2: Camps\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\t\n\u003cli\u003e2.1 Camp Administration Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2.2 General Camp Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2.3 Camp Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Programming and Events\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e4.1 Anniversary Materials \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.2 Regional Conferences \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.3 National Conferences and Conventions \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Photographs, Slides, and A/V\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.2 Slides \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.3 Scrapbooks \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.4 Audio-Visual\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n \nSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7.2 Uniforms and Textiles \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\t\nSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\nSubseries: \n\u003cli\u003e8.1 Artifacts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e8.2Ephemera\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9: Printed Materials\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection has been arranged into nine series. Further information on the series, their contents and organization can be found in the Scope and Content note.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials \nSubseries:\n1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents \n1.2 Reports \n1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes\n1.4 Financial\n1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond\n1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials\n1.7 History\n1.8 Administrator's Materials\n1.9 Other Councils","Series 2: Camps\nSubseries:\t\n2.1 Camp Administration Materials\n2.2 General Camp Materials\n2.3 Camp Materials\n\nSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Series 4: Programming and Events\nSubseries:\n4.1 Anniversary Materials \n4.2 Regional Conferences \n4.3 National Conferences and Conventions \n4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials \n\nSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and A/V\nSubseries:\n6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums \n6.2 Slides \n6.3 Scrapbooks \n6.4 Audio-Visual\n\n \nSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\nSubseries:\n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles \n\t\nSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\nSubseries: \n8.1 Artifacts\n8.2Ephemera","Series 9: Printed Materials"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia Council began in 1963 following a merger between the Girl Scouts of Richmond and the Girl Scouts of Southside Virginia councils to provide more extensive services to Scouts in central Virginia. However, neither this council nor the two preceding it was the start of Girl Scouting in the area. There has been active Girl Scouting in Richmond prior to the official establishment of a council, though few records of the earliest days remain. Using Boy Scout manuals and enlisting the guidance of the director of the Richmond Boy Scouts, area girls recruited adult leaders and began informal scouting groups. In November 1913, the first official Girl Scout troop in Virginia, Pansy Troop Number 1, was formed in Highland Springs. Sponsored by the Women's Study Club for Right Living of Highland Springs, the troop was founded by Mrs. Kate G. Read and Mrs. Marion T. Read. This troop eventually split into two: Pansy Troop no. 1 and Pansy Troop no. 2, due to demand from local girls for membership.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Girl Scouts of Richmond Council was formally organized on April 12, 1921 when the first Council Meeting was held at the Jefferson Hotel with 35 adult members, 11 troops, and 75 girls. The council received its official charter on May 10 of that year as the second chartered council in Virginia. Because of the Highland Springs troop's formation in 1913 and their inclusion in the Richmond Council, 1913 is commonly used for the date of inception for the Richmond Girl Scouts. In 1928, under the leadership of Commissioner Ruth Robertson McGuire, the Richmond Council was incorporated by the Girl Scouts of the United States of America.\nInitially, the Girl Scouts of Richmond was a racially exclusive organization, open only to white girls and women. Black Scouting in Richmond did not begin until 1932, when Troop 34, the first African American Girl Scout troop south of the Potomac River, was established. Mrs. Lena B. Watson of Virginia Union University (VUU) was instrumental in the group's formation  when she approached the Richmond council for permission to form a Black troop. Some council members  were supportive, but the council as a whole ultimately refused to consider it. The National Girl Scouting Headquarters became involved, forcing the Richmond council to allow the troop to form. In June 1932, the first Black troop formed at Hartshorn Hall at VUU with high school teacher Lavinia Banks as their leader.\nWhile Scouting in Richmond was developing, so too was Scouting in the southern part of Virginia. Hopewell formed its first troop in 1917, and many other troops in rural, semi-rural, and smaller urban areas followed. By 1942, the Petersburg Council organized, and the Hopewell Council formed in 1956, bringing many of the lone rural troops under the umbrella of a council. In 1958, the Hopewell Council merged with the Petersburg Council to form the Southside Council, bringing all troops in Southside Virginia Council services and support.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn response to rethinking the organization of Scouting in Virginia, the Richmond Council merged with the Southside Council to form the Commonwealth Council or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1962. During this time, troop integration became a reality for Virginia Girl Scouts. Integration began in 1963 with the Fort Lee troop. Black Scouts were allowed to participate at Camp Holly Dell for the first time, and by 1968 segregated troops were no more. \nOver the years, the councils that became the Commonwealth Council have provided programs and opportunities for girls to explore, learn, and build character through STEM, environmental stewardship, financial literacy, camping events, homemaking, and first aid. Citizenship was integral to Scouting from its inception. During World War I, Scouts entertained military troops at Fort Lee, and visited hospitals in morale-boosting calls. At least one scouting troop was so beloved for their service, that they were deemed honorary members of one of the units stationed at Fort Lee. In the Second World War, Scouts led scrap drives and defense preparedness activities. In addition to citizenship, Scouts raised awareness as well as money for their organization. In the earliest years of Scouting in Richmond, Scouts solicited donations by going door-to-door or having booths at fairs. In 1925, the Richmond Council became a member of the Community Chest, and could focus on other ways to fundraise. One successful fundraiser occurred when the troops brought John Philip Sousa and his band to Richmond, which raised a large amount of money for the organization and allowed the expansion of programs for the girls. The first cookie sale was in 1936, and approximately 11,694 pounds of cookies were sold, which allowed for expanded services, camping activities, and improved camping facilities. The annual event has been popular ever since, and continues to raise money for troop activities and support into the present day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCamps have always been an important part of Girl Scouting. In the earliest years of the Richmond Council, white Girl Scouts used the Boy Scout camps for a few weeks every summer, but it soon became apparent that the girls needed their own camps. Eventually, the Richmond Council settled on a property in Bon Air, VA, that became Camp Pocahontas in 1928. Day Camps, held in conjunction with the YWCA, began in 1932.  Camp Pinoaka for Black Girl Scouts in Pocahontas State Park followed in 1936, and the Petersburg Council purchased Camp Holly Dell in Chesterfield in 1951. All three camps were eventually sold, and resources put into two other camps- Camp Kittamaqund, established in 1964 in the Northern Neck, and Camp Pamunkey Ridge in Hanover County. Smaller sleep-away camps, as well as day camps, were also scattered across the tri-city area and the state.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs of 2021, the Commonwealth Council, or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia, is one of four councils in the state and serves over 17,500 girls and women in central Virginia, stretching from the cities of Emporia to Fredericksburg, with its headquarters in the greater Richmond area. It is governed by a Board of Directors, which is elected by delegates from the council membership. The Board is responsible for establishing policies, approving budgets, and setting the direction for the Council. The board consists of a Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Members-at-Large, and two girl board members. The CEO and girl members are ex-officio, non-voting members. All serve two-year terms, and may not serve more than three consecutive terms, though the Chair is eligible to serve an additional three successive terms in another position. The Board conducts its business as the entire unit and in smaller committees, such as the Executive Committee, Finance Committee, Membership, and Program Committees. An Annual Meeting of the Board is held, and the Board continues to meet throughout the year, as do committees, as needed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia Council began in 1963 following a merger between the Girl Scouts of Richmond and the Girl Scouts of Southside Virginia councils to provide more extensive services to Scouts in central Virginia. However, neither this council nor the two preceding it was the start of Girl Scouting in the area. There has been active Girl Scouting in Richmond prior to the official establishment of a council, though few records of the earliest days remain. Using Boy Scout manuals and enlisting the guidance of the director of the Richmond Boy Scouts, area girls recruited adult leaders and began informal scouting groups. In November 1913, the first official Girl Scout troop in Virginia, Pansy Troop Number 1, was formed in Highland Springs. Sponsored by the Women's Study Club for Right Living of Highland Springs, the troop was founded by Mrs. Kate G. Read and Mrs. Marion T. Read. This troop eventually split into two: Pansy Troop no. 1 and Pansy Troop no. 2, due to demand from local girls for membership.","The Girl Scouts of Richmond Council was formally organized on April 12, 1921 when the first Council Meeting was held at the Jefferson Hotel with 35 adult members, 11 troops, and 75 girls. The council received its official charter on May 10 of that year as the second chartered council in Virginia. Because of the Highland Springs troop's formation in 1913 and their inclusion in the Richmond Council, 1913 is commonly used for the date of inception for the Richmond Girl Scouts. In 1928, under the leadership of Commissioner Ruth Robertson McGuire, the Richmond Council was incorporated by the Girl Scouts of the United States of America.\nInitially, the Girl Scouts of Richmond was a racially exclusive organization, open only to white girls and women. Black Scouting in Richmond did not begin until 1932, when Troop 34, the first African American Girl Scout troop south of the Potomac River, was established. Mrs. Lena B. Watson of Virginia Union University (VUU) was instrumental in the group's formation  when she approached the Richmond council for permission to form a Black troop. Some council members  were supportive, but the council as a whole ultimately refused to consider it. The National Girl Scouting Headquarters became involved, forcing the Richmond council to allow the troop to form. In June 1932, the first Black troop formed at Hartshorn Hall at VUU with high school teacher Lavinia Banks as their leader.\nWhile Scouting in Richmond was developing, so too was Scouting in the southern part of Virginia. Hopewell formed its first troop in 1917, and many other troops in rural, semi-rural, and smaller urban areas followed. By 1942, the Petersburg Council organized, and the Hopewell Council formed in 1956, bringing many of the lone rural troops under the umbrella of a council. In 1958, the Hopewell Council merged with the Petersburg Council to form the Southside Council, bringing all troops in Southside Virginia Council services and support.","In response to rethinking the organization of Scouting in Virginia, the Richmond Council merged with the Southside Council to form the Commonwealth Council or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1962. During this time, troop integration became a reality for Virginia Girl Scouts. Integration began in 1963 with the Fort Lee troop. Black Scouts were allowed to participate at Camp Holly Dell for the first time, and by 1968 segregated troops were no more. \nOver the years, the councils that became the Commonwealth Council have provided programs and opportunities for girls to explore, learn, and build character through STEM, environmental stewardship, financial literacy, camping events, homemaking, and first aid. Citizenship was integral to Scouting from its inception. During World War I, Scouts entertained military troops at Fort Lee, and visited hospitals in morale-boosting calls. At least one scouting troop was so beloved for their service, that they were deemed honorary members of one of the units stationed at Fort Lee. In the Second World War, Scouts led scrap drives and defense preparedness activities. In addition to citizenship, Scouts raised awareness as well as money for their organization. In the earliest years of Scouting in Richmond, Scouts solicited donations by going door-to-door or having booths at fairs. In 1925, the Richmond Council became a member of the Community Chest, and could focus on other ways to fundraise. One successful fundraiser occurred when the troops brought John Philip Sousa and his band to Richmond, which raised a large amount of money for the organization and allowed the expansion of programs for the girls. The first cookie sale was in 1936, and approximately 11,694 pounds of cookies were sold, which allowed for expanded services, camping activities, and improved camping facilities. The annual event has been popular ever since, and continues to raise money for troop activities and support into the present day.","Camps have always been an important part of Girl Scouting. In the earliest years of the Richmond Council, white Girl Scouts used the Boy Scout camps for a few weeks every summer, but it soon became apparent that the girls needed their own camps. Eventually, the Richmond Council settled on a property in Bon Air, VA, that became Camp Pocahontas in 1928. Day Camps, held in conjunction with the YWCA, began in 1932.  Camp Pinoaka for Black Girl Scouts in Pocahontas State Park followed in 1936, and the Petersburg Council purchased Camp Holly Dell in Chesterfield in 1951. All three camps were eventually sold, and resources put into two other camps- Camp Kittamaqund, established in 1964 in the Northern Neck, and Camp Pamunkey Ridge in Hanover County. Smaller sleep-away camps, as well as day camps, were also scattered across the tri-city area and the state.","As of 2021, the Commonwealth Council, or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia, is one of four councils in the state and serves over 17,500 girls and women in central Virginia, stretching from the cities of Emporia to Fredericksburg, with its headquarters in the greater Richmond area. It is governed by a Board of Directors, which is elected by delegates from the council membership. The Board is responsible for establishing policies, approving budgets, and setting the direction for the Council. The board consists of a Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Members-at-Large, and two girl board members. The CEO and girl members are ex-officio, non-voting members. All serve two-year terms, and may not serve more than three consecutive terms, though the Chair is eligible to serve an additional three successive terms in another position. The Board conducts its business as the entire unit and in smaller committees, such as the Executive Committee, Finance Committee, Membership, and Program Committees. An Annual Meeting of the Board is held, and the Board continues to meet throughout the year, as do committees, as needed."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains many different formats. Negatives will need a scanner or light box to be properly accessed. Video formats include 35 and 78mm film, BetaCam, VHS, and U-Matic video and will need the proper video players to access them. CDs and DVDs, as well as audio cassette, reel-to-reel tape, 78 and 45 rpm records, and mini-cassette are included for audio formats.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["This collection contains many different formats. Negatives will need a scanner or light box to be properly accessed. Video formats include 35 and 78mm film, BetaCam, VHS, and U-Matic video and will need the proper video players to access them. CDs and DVDs, as well as audio cassette, reel-to-reel tape, 78 and 45 rpm records, and mini-cassette are included for audio formats."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia records, 1910-2012, Collection number M 400, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia records, 1910-2012, Collection number M 400, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e2022: The collection was minimally processed prior to 2014. Beginning in 2020 and finishing in 2022, the collection was fully processe. This included consolidating materials, removing duplicates, deaccessioning widely-available publications, and processing the two accessions into one collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["2022: The collection was minimally processed prior to 2014. Beginning in 2020 and finishing in 2022, the collection was fully processe. This included consolidating materials, removing duplicates, deaccessioning widely-available publications, and processing the two accessions into one collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia (GSCV) records are composed of documents, correspondence, photographs, audio-visual materials, textiles, and artifacts that chronicle the evolution of Girl Scouting in the greater Richmond, Virginia area and the creation of the Commonwealth Council. The collection ranges in date from approximately 1913 through 2012, with the bulk of the materials falling within 1924-2005.  The collection has been arranged into nine series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1: Council and Administrative Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to the running and administration of the GSCV are located in this series. These items include policies and procedures, financial records, GSCV and Girl Scouting history in VA, and correspondence. This series also contains policies and procedures as outlined by both the Girl Scouts of the USA and GSCV and its preceding entities.\nSeries 1 comprises nine subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.2 Reports: \nSeries 1.2 contains reports written by, about, or for the Richmond/ Commonwealth Council of VA Girl Scouts. They are arranged by author type and chronologically therein. Self-reports are first, followed by National Girl Scout reports, and reports about but not by Girl Scout entities are last.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes: \nMaterials pertaining to meetings are kept with their respective meetings. This includes notes, minutes, correspondence, and other meeting items. Additionally, information on the formation of Black troops in Richmond can be found in the minutes starting in 1931. These materials are arranged by Council/Board/Annual Meetings, which may have committee materials included in chronological order, followed by solo committee materials, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.4 Financial: \nIncludes financial records and audits, both for the Council, as well as local troops. Series 1.4 is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.7 History: \nMany materials relate to the history of Black Scouting in Richmond, the earliest records of Girl Scouting in Richmond, general history, and the records of the councils that preceded the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.8 Administrator's Materials: \nThese materials contain the individual correspondence and effects of administrators in their work as scouts or representatives of the GSCV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.9 Other Councils: \nMaterials from Councils outside of GSCV and its preceding councils are included here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2: Camps\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMost materials relating to camps run by GSVA are maintained in this series. Items like photographs and scrapbooks relating to camping or specific camps are listed in their respective subseries, but housed with other photographs and scrapbooks. Slides, books, as well as photographs that may pertain to a camp, but are not identified as such may be listed or found in Series 6: A/V or in Series 9: Printed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Series has been broken into nine subseries, most of which pertain to individual camps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.1 Camp Administration Materials: \nAdditional materials relating to the administration of camps may also be found in Series 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.2 General Camp Materials:\nGeneral materials not related to the administration of camps as a whole, or of individual camps without their own subseries are contained here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.3 Camp Materials:\nContains materials from individual camps. This series is arranged alphabetically by camp, and chronologically therein. Camps include: Day Camps, Holly Dell, Kittamaqund, Pamunkey Ridge, Pine Grove, Pinoaka, Pocahontas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMaterials that are related to specific troops are housed in this series. These items in this series include correspondence, financial records, speeches, clippings, photographs, and scrapbooks. Materials related to finances are contained in series 1.4: Financial. The bulk of Dorothy Armstrong's donation to the GSCV is housed in this series. Materials such as clippings, scrapbooks, and photographs are physically housed with like-materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4: Programming and Events\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThese materials relate to programs and events created or attended by GSCV troops or members. These include regional and national conferences and conventions, Girl Scout Week, \"Wider Opportunity,\" and GS Cookie Week, as well as events like Youth Expos, fashion shows, visits by dignitaries, and breakfasts. This series and its subseries are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n    \nThis series has been divided into four subseries as follows:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.1 Anniversary Materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.2 Regional Conferences.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.3 National Conferences and Conventions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMaterials that document awards and recognitions received or given by GSCV and its members are kept in this series. This includes awards-related correspondence, applications, and the award, certificate, or proclamation itself. \u003cbr\u003eThis series is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 6: Photographs, Slides, and Audio-Visual Material\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis series contains photographs and scrapbooks that did not fit with other series. It also contains slides and audio-visual materials consisting of audio cassettes, 45 and 33 rpm records, compact disks, DVDs, VHS, and film reels. Scrapbooks can contain photographs, newspaper clippings, article clippings, pamphlets, and tickets. Materials are grouped by type, and an effort has been made to arrange them in chronological order; many dates are approximate. \t\t\n    Photographs are in black and white unless otherwise noted until approximately 1962; after 1992, photographs are in color unless noted.\n    \nThis series is arranged into five subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.2 Slides: \nThis subseries contains slides from the 1950s through the 2000s. They are arranged alphabetically, and chronologically therein.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.3 Scrapbooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.5 Audio-Visual: \nThis subseries contains film reels, video cassettes, DVDs, audio CDs and audiocassettes, and 45 and 33 rpm records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nTextiles and related materials such as hats, belts, shoes, catalogs, and information on uniforms are kept in this series. There are multiple complete Brownie and Girl Scouts uniforms from various points in the history of the Scouts maintained in this series. Some patches, pins, and badges that are attached to sashes are in this series. Individual patches and some older textiles may also be located in Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera.\n    \n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records: \nThis subseries contains materials that relay information about the uniforms: their evolution, their production, and items such as catalogs and patterns.\n    \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis series houses artifacts from the history of the Girl Scouts in Virginia. Of particular interest are items like Girl Scout paper dolls, a branded Brownie Camera, canteens and collapsible camping cups, patches and badges, and Girl Scout pins. There are also multiple items of ephemera such as Girl Scout cookie boxes and stationery.\n    \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 9: Printed Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis series contains books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, newsletters and other printed items, loose newspaper and magazine clippings. The publisher is either the Girl Scouts, the GSCV, or an outside entity. This series is arranged alphabetically by topic (annual events, Cookie Sale, handbooks, etc.) and/or title and chronologically therein. Of particular note is the wide array of Girl Scout booklets and the \"Newsletters\" section, which contains an early extended run of \"The Girl Scout Leader\" from approximately 1932-1940, as well as runs of \"Trefoil,\" \"Girl Scout News,\" \"Images,\" and \"LEaDS\" from 1982-1999.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia (GSCV) records are composed of documents, correspondence, photographs, audio-visual materials, textiles, and artifacts that chronicle the evolution of Girl Scouting in the greater Richmond, Virginia area and the creation of the Commonwealth Council. The collection ranges in date from approximately 1913 through 2012, with the bulk of the materials falling within 1924-2005.  The collection has been arranged into nine series.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials","Materials related to the running and administration of the GSCV are located in this series. These items include policies and procedures, financial records, GSCV and Girl Scouting history in VA, and correspondence. This series also contains policies and procedures as outlined by both the Girl Scouts of the USA and GSCV and its preceding entities.\nSeries 1 comprises nine subseries.","1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents.","1.2 Reports: \nSeries 1.2 contains reports written by, about, or for the Richmond/ Commonwealth Council of VA Girl Scouts. They are arranged by author type and chronologically therein. Self-reports are first, followed by National Girl Scout reports, and reports about but not by Girl Scout entities are last.","1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes: \nMaterials pertaining to meetings are kept with their respective meetings. This includes notes, minutes, correspondence, and other meeting items. Additionally, information on the formation of Black troops in Richmond can be found in the minutes starting in 1931. These materials are arranged by Council/Board/Annual Meetings, which may have committee materials included in chronological order, followed by solo committee materials, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","1.4 Financial: \nIncludes financial records and audits, both for the Council, as well as local troops. Series 1.4 is arranged chronologically.","1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond.","1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials.","1.7 History: \nMany materials relate to the history of Black Scouting in Richmond, the earliest records of Girl Scouting in Richmond, general history, and the records of the councils that preceded the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia.","1.8 Administrator's Materials: \nThese materials contain the individual correspondence and effects of administrators in their work as scouts or representatives of the GSCV.","1.9 Other Councils: \nMaterials from Councils outside of GSCV and its preceding councils are included here.","Series 2: Camps","Most materials relating to camps run by GSVA are maintained in this series. Items like photographs and scrapbooks relating to camping or specific camps are listed in their respective subseries, but housed with other photographs and scrapbooks. Slides, books, as well as photographs that may pertain to a camp, but are not identified as such may be listed or found in Series 6: A/V or in Series 9: Printed.","The Series has been broken into nine subseries, most of which pertain to individual camps.","2.1 Camp Administration Materials: \nAdditional materials relating to the administration of camps may also be found in Series 1.","2.2 General Camp Materials:\nGeneral materials not related to the administration of camps as a whole, or of individual camps without their own subseries are contained here.","2.3 Camp Materials:\nContains materials from individual camps. This series is arranged alphabetically by camp, and chronologically therein. Camps include: Day Camps, Holly Dell, Kittamaqund, Pamunkey Ridge, Pine Grove, Pinoaka, Pocahontas.","Series 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Materials that are related to specific troops are housed in this series. These items in this series include correspondence, financial records, speeches, clippings, photographs, and scrapbooks. Materials related to finances are contained in series 1.4: Financial. The bulk of Dorothy Armstrong's donation to the GSCV is housed in this series. Materials such as clippings, scrapbooks, and photographs are physically housed with like-materials.","Series 4: Programming and Events","These materials relate to programs and events created or attended by GSCV troops or members. These include regional and national conferences and conventions, Girl Scout Week, \"Wider Opportunity,\" and GS Cookie Week, as well as events like Youth Expos, fashion shows, visits by dignitaries, and breakfasts. This series and its subseries are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n    \nThis series has been divided into four subseries as follows:","4.1 Anniversary Materials.","4.2 Regional Conferences.","4.3 National Conferences and Conventions.","4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials.","Series 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Materials that document awards and recognitions received or given by GSCV and its members are kept in this series. This includes awards-related correspondence, applications, and the award, certificate, or proclamation itself. This series is arranged chronologically.","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and Audio-Visual Material","This series contains photographs and scrapbooks that did not fit with other series. It also contains slides and audio-visual materials consisting of audio cassettes, 45 and 33 rpm records, compact disks, DVDs, VHS, and film reels. Scrapbooks can contain photographs, newspaper clippings, article clippings, pamphlets, and tickets. Materials are grouped by type, and an effort has been made to arrange them in chronological order; many dates are approximate. \t\t\n    Photographs are in black and white unless otherwise noted until approximately 1962; after 1992, photographs are in color unless noted.\n    \nThis series is arranged into five subseries.","6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums.","6.2 Slides: \nThis subseries contains slides from the 1950s through the 2000s. They are arranged alphabetically, and chronologically therein.","6.3 Scrapbooks.","6.5 Audio-Visual: \nThis subseries contains film reels, video cassettes, DVDs, audio CDs and audiocassettes, and 45 and 33 rpm records.","Series 7: Textiles and Related Materials","Textiles and related materials such as hats, belts, shoes, catalogs, and information on uniforms are kept in this series. There are multiple complete Brownie and Girl Scouts uniforms from various points in the history of the Scouts maintained in this series. Some patches, pins, and badges that are attached to sashes are in this series. Individual patches and some older textiles may also be located in Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera.\n    \n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records: \nThis subseries contains materials that relay information about the uniforms: their evolution, their production, and items such as catalogs and patterns.\n    \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles.","Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera","This series houses artifacts from the history of the Girl Scouts in Virginia. Of particular interest are items like Girl Scout paper dolls, a branded Brownie Camera, canteens and collapsible camping cups, patches and badges, and Girl Scout pins. There are also multiple items of ephemera such as Girl Scout cookie boxes and stationery.","Series 9: Printed Materials","This series contains books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, newsletters and other printed items, loose newspaper and magazine clippings. The publisher is either the Girl Scouts, the GSCV, or an outside entity. This series is arranged alphabetically by topic (annual events, Cookie Sale, handbooks, etc.) and/or title and chronologically therein. Of particular note is the wide array of Girl Scout booklets and the \"Newsletters\" section, which contains an early extended run of \"The Girl Scout Leader\" from approximately 1932-1940, as well as runs of \"Trefoil,\" \"Girl Scout News,\" \"Images,\" and \"LEaDS\" from 1982-1999."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"names_coll_ssim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1502,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:16.668Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c06_c01_c197"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611_c03_c24","type":"Unspecified","attributes":{"title":"Academic regalia belonging to Hibbs, 1901/1974","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_611_c03_c24#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611_c03_c24","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_611_c03_c24"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611_c03_c24","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611_c03","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611_c03","parent_ssim":["Henry H. Hibbs papers, 1890/1977","Series 3: Education and career, 1901/1959"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_611","vircu_repositories_5_resources_611_c03"],"title_filing_ssi":"Academic regalia belonging to Hibbs","title_ssm":["Academic regalia belonging to Hibbs"],"title_tesim":["Academic regalia belonging to Hibbs"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Academic regalia belonging to Hibbs, 1901/1974"],"text":["Academic regalia belonging to Hibbs, 1901/1974","Henry H. Hibbs papers, 1890/1977","Series 3: Education and career, 1901/1959","box 18"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Henry H. Hibbs papers, 1890/1977","Series 3: Education and career, 1901/1959"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Henry H. Hibbs papers, 1890/1977","Series 3: Education and career, 1901/1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1901/1974"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1901-1974"],"level_ssm":["Unspecified"],"level_ssim":["Unspecified"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":72,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Henry H. Hibbs papers, 1890/1977"],"containers_ssim":["box 18"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#23","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:16.668Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_611","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_611.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hibbs, Henry H., papers","title_ssm":["Henry H. Hibbs papers"],"title_tesim":["Henry H. Hibbs papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1890-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1890-1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1890/1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henry H. Hibbs papers, 1890/1977"],"text":["Henry H. Hibbs papers, 1890/1977","M 539","/repositories/5/resources/611","Richmond (Va.)","Richmond Professional Institute","Education, Higher -- Virginia.","Social work education -- Curricula -- United States.","The collection is open for research.","Series 1: Personal life and family","Series 2: Photos","Series 3: Education and career","Series 4: History of the Richmond Professional Institute book","Series 5: News clippings","Series 6: Scrapbooks","Henry Horace Hibbs, Jr. was born in Smithland, Kentucky on November 25, 1887, and was one of eight children. In 1908 he graduated from Williamsburg Institute in Kentucky. He attended Brown University and majored in Sociology after becoming interested in the problems of urban communities, receiving his A.B. degree in 1910 and the A.M. degree in 1911. In 1910-12 he held a Fellowship in the research department of the Boston School for Social Workers. While in Boston he was a resident of the St. Mary's House for Sailors and also of South End House and in addition was a member of Conference 7 of the Associated Charities. In 1912-13 he taught history and social science in Tarleton College (Texas) and in 1914-15 sociology and statistics at the University of Illinois. In 1915 he was a lecturer in the Summer School for Social and Religious Workers conducted by the Biblical Department of Vanderbilt University and the American Interchurch College. He was registered at Columbia University in 1913-14 and 1915-16, attending courses under Professors Giddings and Tenney in sociology, under Professors Seligman and Seager in Economics, under Professor Devine in Social Economy, and Professor Chaddock in Statistics. In 1916 he completed his Ph.D. at Columbia University. His dissertation was entitled \"Infant Mortality: Its Relations to Social and Industrial Conditions.\"","In 1917, a group of Richmond community leaders organized what became the Richmond School of Social Work and Public Health to address urban social and health concerns. It would train social workers and public health nurses, becoming the first school of its kind in the south. They hired Hibbs as the director. In 1925, the school began an affiliation with the College of William and Mary. In 1939 the school was renamed the Richmond Professional Institute (RPI) of the College of William and Mary. In 1968, The Richmond Professional Institute merged with the Medical College of Virginia to become Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU).","Hibbs retired in 1959 after 42 years of heading the school, and by the early 1960s he and his wife, Jessie R. Persinger Hibbs, retired to Lexington, Virginia. After his retirement, Hibbs was paid a consultant fee to write the history of RPI. He intended for the school to solely profit from the book. Both the alumni group of VCU and the RPI Foundation were involved in the editing of the book before it was finally published in 1973. Hibbs died on April 4, 1977 at the age of 89. Henry Hibbs and Jessie Hibbs had two daughters, Mary Sue and Jessie.","Accession 1993-08-023: Henry H. Hibbs papers, statement dictated to Ruth Hibbs Hyland is missing","The Henry H. Hibbs papers contains correspondence, photographs, news clippings, scrapbooks, articles, book drafts, and other materials relating to Hibbs's personal and professional life, as well as the publishing of his book History of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.","The first series, Personal and family life, primarily consists of letters from Henry Hibbs to his wife, Jess (or Jessie) Hibbs (née Persinger). Her replies are not included. This series also contains materials from Jess Hibbs, such as a copy of her master's thesis, resume, personal will, and letters of recommendation she received. There are also a few items from or by other members of Henry Hibbs's family, such as his mother, Susie A. Hibbs, as well as his sister, Cora Hibbs Grant. Correspondence in this series is to or from Henry Hibbs, unless noted otherwise.","The second series consists of pages from photo albums and other photos of Hibbs's family, childhood, and travels.","Series three, education and career contains course notes, course catalogs with Hibbs's annotations, class writing, a yearbook, letters of recommendation, materials related to Hibbs's being drafted into the army, Hibbs's resume, academic regalia, and professional writing (with the exception of his work on the History of Richmond Professional Institute).","Series four contains materials related to the writing and creation of the book History of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University. This includes correspondence related to the book, research notes, drafts, manuscripts, and printer's plates for book illustrations.","Series five contains news clippings collected by Hibbs, largely about his own professional career and about Richmond Professional Institute.","The final series, series six, contains various scrapbooks created by Hibbs and his children that include his family's favorite paintings, poems, and ephemera collected over the years.","This collection contains an image of an unidentified student in Blackface in one of the photo albums.","Some accessions for this collection have been separated and added to the University Archives, as they consist of correspondence, architecture plans, or other materials created by Henry Hibbs in his capacity as Dean of Richmond Professional Institute.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henry H. Hibbs papers, 1890/1977"],"collection_ssim":["Henry H. Hibbs papers, 1890/1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 539","/repositories/5/resources/611"],"unitid_tesim":["M 539","/repositories/5/resources/611"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977","Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977"],"creator_ssim":["Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977","Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"creators_ssim":["Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977","VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Accessions were gifted by Alumni relations and Jessie Hibbs Hawke, 1976, 1983, 1990, 1993, 2017, and 2022."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Richmond Professional Institute","Education, Higher -- Virginia.","Social work education -- Curricula -- United States."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Richmond Professional Institute","Education, Higher -- Virginia.","Social work education -- Curricula -- United States."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.92 Linear Feet 10 legal document boxes, 2 half-size legal document boxes, 3 custom boxes for printer's plates, 2 scrapbook boxes, and 1 oversize box for academic regalia."],"extent_tesim":["9.92 Linear Feet 10 legal document boxes, 2 half-size legal document boxes, 3 custom boxes for printer's plates, 2 scrapbook boxes, and 1 oversize box for academic regalia."],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 1: Personal life and family\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 2: Photos\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 3: Education and career\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 4: History of the Richmond Professional Institute book\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 5: News clippings\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 6: Scrapbooks\n\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series 1: Personal life and family","Series 2: Photos","Series 3: Education and career","Series 4: History of the Richmond Professional Institute book","Series 5: News clippings","Series 6: Scrapbooks"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nHenry Horace Hibbs, Jr. was born in Smithland, Kentucky on November 25, 1887, and was one of eight children. In 1908 he graduated from Williamsburg Institute in Kentucky. He attended Brown University and majored in Sociology after becoming interested in the problems of urban communities, receiving his A.B. degree in 1910 and the A.M. degree in 1911. In 1910-12 he held a Fellowship in the research department of the Boston School for Social Workers. While in Boston he was a resident of the St. Mary's House for Sailors and also of South End House and in addition was a member of Conference 7 of the Associated Charities. In 1912-13 he taught history and social science in Tarleton College (Texas) and in 1914-15 sociology and statistics at the University of Illinois. In 1915 he was a lecturer in the Summer School for Social and Religious Workers conducted by the Biblical Department of Vanderbilt University and the American Interchurch College. He was registered at Columbia University in 1913-14 and 1915-16, attending courses under Professors Giddings and Tenney in sociology, under Professors Seligman and Seager in Economics, under Professor Devine in Social Economy, and Professor Chaddock in Statistics. In 1916 he completed his Ph.D. at Columbia University. His dissertation was entitled \"Infant Mortality: Its Relations to Social and Industrial Conditions.\"  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn 1917, a group of Richmond community leaders organized what became the Richmond School of Social Work and Public Health to address urban social and health concerns. It would train social workers and public health nurses, becoming the first school of its kind in the south. They hired Hibbs as the director. In 1925, the school began an affiliation with the College of William and Mary. In 1939 the school was renamed the Richmond Professional Institute (RPI) of the College of William and Mary. In 1968, The Richmond Professional Institute merged with the Medical College of Virginia to become Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU).\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nHibbs retired in 1959 after 42 years of heading the school, and by the early 1960s he and his wife, Jessie R. Persinger Hibbs, retired to Lexington, Virginia. After his retirement, Hibbs was paid a consultant fee to write the history of RPI. He intended for the school to solely profit from the book. Both the alumni group of VCU and the RPI Foundation were involved in the editing of the book before it was finally published in 1973. Hibbs died on April 4, 1977 at the age of 89. Henry Hibbs and Jessie Hibbs had two daughters, Mary Sue and Jessie. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henry Horace Hibbs, Jr. was born in Smithland, Kentucky on November 25, 1887, and was one of eight children. In 1908 he graduated from Williamsburg Institute in Kentucky. He attended Brown University and majored in Sociology after becoming interested in the problems of urban communities, receiving his A.B. degree in 1910 and the A.M. degree in 1911. In 1910-12 he held a Fellowship in the research department of the Boston School for Social Workers. While in Boston he was a resident of the St. Mary's House for Sailors and also of South End House and in addition was a member of Conference 7 of the Associated Charities. In 1912-13 he taught history and social science in Tarleton College (Texas) and in 1914-15 sociology and statistics at the University of Illinois. In 1915 he was a lecturer in the Summer School for Social and Religious Workers conducted by the Biblical Department of Vanderbilt University and the American Interchurch College. He was registered at Columbia University in 1913-14 and 1915-16, attending courses under Professors Giddings and Tenney in sociology, under Professors Seligman and Seager in Economics, under Professor Devine in Social Economy, and Professor Chaddock in Statistics. In 1916 he completed his Ph.D. at Columbia University. His dissertation was entitled \"Infant Mortality: Its Relations to Social and Industrial Conditions.\"","In 1917, a group of Richmond community leaders organized what became the Richmond School of Social Work and Public Health to address urban social and health concerns. It would train social workers and public health nurses, becoming the first school of its kind in the south. They hired Hibbs as the director. In 1925, the school began an affiliation with the College of William and Mary. In 1939 the school was renamed the Richmond Professional Institute (RPI) of the College of William and Mary. In 1968, The Richmond Professional Institute merged with the Medical College of Virginia to become Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU).","Hibbs retired in 1959 after 42 years of heading the school, and by the early 1960s he and his wife, Jessie R. Persinger Hibbs, retired to Lexington, Virginia. After his retirement, Hibbs was paid a consultant fee to write the history of RPI. He intended for the school to solely profit from the book. Both the alumni group of VCU and the RPI Foundation were involved in the editing of the book before it was finally published in 1973. Hibbs died on April 4, 1977 at the age of 89. Henry Hibbs and Jessie Hibbs had two daughters, Mary Sue and Jessie."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenry H. Hibbs paper, 1890-1977, Collection # M 539, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Henry H. Hibbs paper, 1890-1977, Collection # M 539, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession 1993-08-023: Henry H. Hibbs papers, statement dictated to Ruth Hibbs Hyland is missing\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession 1993-08-023: Henry H. Hibbs papers, statement dictated to Ruth Hibbs Hyland is missing"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nThe Henry H. Hibbs papers contains correspondence, photographs, news clippings, scrapbooks, articles, book drafts, and other materials relating to Hibbs's personal and professional life, as well as the publishing of his book \u003ci\u003eHistory of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe first series, Personal and family life, primarily consists of letters from Henry Hibbs to his wife, Jess (or Jessie) Hibbs (née Persinger). Her replies are not included. This series also contains materials from Jess Hibbs, such as a copy of her master's thesis, resume, personal will, and letters of recommendation she received. There are also a few items from or by other members of Henry Hibbs's family, such as his mother, Susie A. Hibbs, as well as his sister, Cora Hibbs Grant. Correspondence in this series is to or from Henry Hibbs, unless noted otherwise. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe second series consists of pages from photo albums and other photos of Hibbs's family, childhood, and travels.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries three, education and career contains course notes, course catalogs with Hibbs's annotations, class writing, a yearbook, letters of recommendation, materials related to Hibbs's being drafted into the army, Hibbs's resume, academic regalia, and professional writing (with the exception of his work on the History of Richmond Professional Institute).\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries four contains materials related to the writing and creation of the book \u003ci\u003eHistory of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.\u003c/i\u003e This includes correspondence related to the book, research notes, drafts, manuscripts, and printer's plates for book illustrations.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries five contains news clippings collected by Hibbs, largely about his own professional career and about Richmond Professional Institute.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe final series, series six, contains various scrapbooks created by Hibbs and his children that include his family's favorite paintings, poems, and ephemera collected over the years.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThis collection contains an image of an unidentified student in Blackface in one of the photo albums.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Henry H. Hibbs papers contains correspondence, photographs, news clippings, scrapbooks, articles, book drafts, and other materials relating to Hibbs's personal and professional life, as well as the publishing of his book History of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University.","The first series, Personal and family life, primarily consists of letters from Henry Hibbs to his wife, Jess (or Jessie) Hibbs (née Persinger). Her replies are not included. This series also contains materials from Jess Hibbs, such as a copy of her master's thesis, resume, personal will, and letters of recommendation she received. There are also a few items from or by other members of Henry Hibbs's family, such as his mother, Susie A. Hibbs, as well as his sister, Cora Hibbs Grant. Correspondence in this series is to or from Henry Hibbs, unless noted otherwise.","The second series consists of pages from photo albums and other photos of Hibbs's family, childhood, and travels.","Series three, education and career contains course notes, course catalogs with Hibbs's annotations, class writing, a yearbook, letters of recommendation, materials related to Hibbs's being drafted into the army, Hibbs's resume, academic regalia, and professional writing (with the exception of his work on the History of Richmond Professional Institute).","Series four contains materials related to the writing and creation of the book History of Richmond Professional Institute: From Its Beginning in 1917 to Its Consolidation With the Medical College of Virginia in 1968 to Form Virginia Commonwealth University. This includes correspondence related to the book, research notes, drafts, manuscripts, and printer's plates for book illustrations.","Series five contains news clippings collected by Hibbs, largely about his own professional career and about Richmond Professional Institute.","The final series, series six, contains various scrapbooks created by Hibbs and his children that include his family's favorite paintings, poems, and ephemera collected over the years.","This collection contains an image of an unidentified student in Blackface in one of the photo albums."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome accessions for this collection have been separated and added to the University Archives, as they consist of correspondence, architecture plans, or other materials created by Henry Hibbs in his capacity as Dean of Richmond Professional Institute.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Some accessions for this collection have been separated and added to the University Archives, as they consist of correspondence, architecture plans, or other materials created by Henry Hibbs in his capacity as Dean of Richmond Professional Institute."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"persname_ssim":["Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977"],"names_coll_ssim":["Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Hibbs, Henry H. (Henry Horace), 1887-1977"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":137,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:16.668Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_611_c03_c24"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_569_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Academics, 1945/1978","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_569_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_569_c01","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_569_c01"],"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_569_c01","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_569","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_569","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_569","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_569","parent_ssim":["Baruj Benacerraf papers, 1970/1980"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_569"],"title_filing_ssi":"Academics","title_ssm":["Academics"],"title_tesim":["Academics"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Academics, 1945/1978"],"text":["Academics, 1945/1978","Baruj Benacerraf papers, 1970/1980","box 1","folder 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Baruj Benacerraf papers, 1970/1980"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Baruj Benacerraf papers, 1970/1980"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1945/1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1945-1978"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Baruj Benacerraf papers, 1970/1980"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:57.621Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_569","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_569","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_569","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_569","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_569.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.library.vcu.edu/repositories/3/resources/569","title_filing_ssi":"Benacerraf, Baruj, papers","title_ssm":["Baruj Benacerraf papers"],"title_tesim":["Baruj Benacerraf papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1945-1983"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1945-1983"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/1980"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Baruj Benacerraf papers, 1970/1980"],"text":["Baruj Benacerraf papers, 1970/1980","1983.03.07","/repositories/3/resources/569","The collection is open for research.","Folders arranged alphabetically.","Baruj Benacerraf was born in Caracas, Venezuela October 29, 1920, but raised in Paris, France. His family returned to Venezuela in 1939 due to the rise of the Nazi Party in neighboring Germany and the onset of World War II. A year later his family moved to New York City where Benacerraf enrolled at Columbia University and graduated in 1942. He planned to attend medical school but struggled to gain admission because of the Jewish quotas imposed by many universities. After being rejected by twenty five schools, Benacerraf was accepted by the Medical College of Virginia (MCV). A family friend connected to the college served as a personal reference for the aspiring physician. MCV and other medical schools across the United States compressed their curriculum into three years to accelerate the number of trained physicians available to support the war effort. Benacerraf entered medical school in 1942 and received his Doctor of Medicine just as the war was concluding in Europe in the spring of 1945.  Following a one-year internship at Queen's General Hospital in New York, he served in the United States Army before embarking on a career as a biomedical researcher. He was affiliated with a number of institutions from France to Massachusetts before accepting a faculty position at Harvard University in 1970. For the next twenty-one years Benacerraf continued his immunological research at Harvard as professor and researcher.","Benacerraf is best known for earning the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology in 1980 along with George D. Snell and Jean Dausset. Exploring the body's immune system, they discovered a histocompatibility complex-the part of DNA that controls immune response. In the 1960s, Benacerraf carried out experiments on Guinea pigs which built upon Snell and Dausset's earlier work, and found that only some had responses to specific antigens. After selectively breeding the Guinea pigs, he discovered that this trait was genetic, and demonstrated that a previously unknown gene within the major histocompatibility complex existed and could be passed down between generations. This gene is now known as an immune-response gene, and is found within the same chromosome region that determines the formation of H antigens.","Although Benacerraf never returned to his alma mater as a faculty member or research scientist, he remained connected to the college, participating in class reunions and special events, as well as delivering the commencement address in 1981 for Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU). In 2009, the VCU School of Medicine named one of its four student medical societies for Benacerraf. The Nobel Laureate died August 2, 2011 at the age of 90 in Jamaica Plain, Boston, Massachusetts.","For more information on Benacerraf's life, please see https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1980/benacerraf/auto-biography/. Benacerraf's Nobel Prize lecture is available online at https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1980/benacerraf/lecture/","Materials in this collection include photographs, reprints, materials relating to his Nobel prize, a grant proposal, and other academic materials related to his educational and teaching career.","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Benacerraf, Baruj, 1920-2011","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Baruj Benacerraf papers, 1970/1980"],"collection_ssim":["Baruj Benacerraf papers, 1970/1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1983.03.07","/repositories/3/resources/569"],"unitid_tesim":["1983.03.07","/repositories/3/resources/569"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Benacerraf, Baruj, 1920-2011"],"creator_ssim":["Benacerraf, Baruj, 1920-2011"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Benacerraf, Baruj, 1920-2011"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"creators_ssim":["Benacerraf, Baruj, 1920-2011","VCU Health Sciences Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Baruj Benacerraf."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.16 Linear Feet 4 folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.16 Linear Feet 4 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFolders arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Folders arranged alphabetically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBaruj Benacerraf was born in Caracas, Venezuela October 29, 1920, but raised in Paris, France. His family returned to Venezuela in 1939 due to the rise of the Nazi Party in neighboring Germany and the onset of World War II. A year later his family moved to New York City where Benacerraf enrolled at Columbia University and graduated in 1942. He planned to attend medical school but struggled to gain admission because of the Jewish quotas imposed by many universities. After being rejected by twenty five schools, Benacerraf was accepted by the Medical College of Virginia (MCV). A family friend connected to the college served as a personal reference for the aspiring physician. MCV and other medical schools across the United States compressed their curriculum into three years to accelerate the number of trained physicians available to support the war effort. Benacerraf entered medical school in 1942 and received his Doctor of Medicine just as the war was concluding in Europe in the spring of 1945.  Following a one-year internship at Queen's General Hospital in New York, he served in the United States Army before embarking on a career as a biomedical researcher. He was affiliated with a number of institutions from France to Massachusetts before accepting a faculty position at Harvard University in 1970. For the next twenty-one years Benacerraf continued his immunological research at Harvard as professor and researcher. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenacerraf is best known for earning the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology in 1980 along with George D. Snell and Jean Dausset. Exploring the body's immune system, they discovered a histocompatibility complex-the part of DNA that controls immune response. In the 1960s, Benacerraf carried out experiments on Guinea pigs which built upon Snell and Dausset's earlier work, and found that only some had responses to specific antigens. After selectively breeding the Guinea pigs, he discovered that this trait was genetic, and demonstrated that a previously unknown gene within the major histocompatibility complex existed and could be passed down between generations. This gene is now known as an immune-response gene, and is found within the same chromosome region that determines the formation of H antigens.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough Benacerraf never returned to his alma mater as a faculty member or research scientist, he remained connected to the college, participating in class reunions and special events, as well as delivering the commencement address in 1981 for Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU). In 2009, the VCU School of Medicine named one of its four student medical societies for Benacerraf. The Nobel Laureate died August 2, 2011 at the age of 90 in Jamaica Plain, Boston, Massachusetts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e For more information on Benacerraf's life, please see https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1980/benacerraf/auto-biography/. Benacerraf's Nobel Prize lecture is available online at https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1980/benacerraf/lecture/  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Baruj Benacerraf was born in Caracas, Venezuela October 29, 1920, but raised in Paris, France. His family returned to Venezuela in 1939 due to the rise of the Nazi Party in neighboring Germany and the onset of World War II. A year later his family moved to New York City where Benacerraf enrolled at Columbia University and graduated in 1942. He planned to attend medical school but struggled to gain admission because of the Jewish quotas imposed by many universities. After being rejected by twenty five schools, Benacerraf was accepted by the Medical College of Virginia (MCV). A family friend connected to the college served as a personal reference for the aspiring physician. MCV and other medical schools across the United States compressed their curriculum into three years to accelerate the number of trained physicians available to support the war effort. Benacerraf entered medical school in 1942 and received his Doctor of Medicine just as the war was concluding in Europe in the spring of 1945.  Following a one-year internship at Queen's General Hospital in New York, he served in the United States Army before embarking on a career as a biomedical researcher. He was affiliated with a number of institutions from France to Massachusetts before accepting a faculty position at Harvard University in 1970. For the next twenty-one years Benacerraf continued his immunological research at Harvard as professor and researcher.","Benacerraf is best known for earning the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology in 1980 along with George D. Snell and Jean Dausset. Exploring the body's immune system, they discovered a histocompatibility complex-the part of DNA that controls immune response. In the 1960s, Benacerraf carried out experiments on Guinea pigs which built upon Snell and Dausset's earlier work, and found that only some had responses to specific antigens. After selectively breeding the Guinea pigs, he discovered that this trait was genetic, and demonstrated that a previously unknown gene within the major histocompatibility complex existed and could be passed down between generations. This gene is now known as an immune-response gene, and is found within the same chromosome region that determines the formation of H antigens.","Although Benacerraf never returned to his alma mater as a faculty member or research scientist, he remained connected to the college, participating in class reunions and special events, as well as delivering the commencement address in 1981 for Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU). In 2009, the VCU School of Medicine named one of its four student medical societies for Benacerraf. The Nobel Laureate died August 2, 2011 at the age of 90 in Jamaica Plain, Boston, Massachusetts.","For more information on Benacerraf's life, please see https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1980/benacerraf/auto-biography/. Benacerraf's Nobel Prize lecture is available online at https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1980/benacerraf/lecture/"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBaruj Benacerraf Papers, 1945-1983, Accession number 1983.03.07, Special Collections and Archives, HEalth Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Baruj Benacerraf Papers, 1945-1983, Accession number 1983.03.07, Special Collections and Archives, HEalth Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection include photographs, reprints, materials relating to his Nobel prize, a grant proposal, and other academic materials related to his educational and teaching career.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials in this collection include photographs, reprints, materials relating to his Nobel prize, a grant proposal, and other academic materials related to his educational and teaching career."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"persname_ssim":["Benacerraf, Baruj, 1920-2011"],"names_coll_ssim":["Benacerraf, Baruj, 1920-2011","Benacerraf, Baruj, 1920-2011"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Benacerraf, Baruj, 1920-2011"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:57.621Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_569_c01"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library","value":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library","hits":1582},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1962\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1962\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A. 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