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The photos show the growth of the school from the first William and Mary extension classes held in the Old Larchmont School to the huge multi-building, multi-degree University that is now Old Dominion.  These photos and multimedia document the change in the school's journey from an extension of the College of William and Mary in 1930 to becoming a college in 1961 to a full-fledged university in 1969 and onward still to the present day.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|252497b2-136c-4587-a77e-54417ad861f9/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/SO_252497b2-136c-4587-a77e-54417ad861f9/\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9561b508ff45f5e397a42232e1312422\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present."],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2479,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:44:10.790Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c03_c02"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c04_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Folder 02: Athletics: Field Hockey (I)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c04_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c04_c02","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c04_c02"],"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c04_c02","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c04","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c04","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_237","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_237","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Series I: Photographs","Sub-Series C: Print Photographs","Box 006"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Series I: Photographs","Sub-Series C: Print Photographs","Box 006"],"text":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Series I: Photographs","Sub-Series C: Print Photographs","Box 006","Folder 02: Athletics: Field Hockey (I)","box 006","folder 02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Folder 02: Athletics: Field Hockey (I)","title_ssm":["Folder 02: Athletics: Field Hockey (I)"],"title_tesim":["Folder 02: Athletics: Field Hockey (I)"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1950-1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950/1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Folder 02: Athletics: Field Hockey (I)"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":135,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"containers_ssim":["box 006","folder 02"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n  \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3AdeliverableUnit|57a1a5ed-5f3f-4ec3-b53f-bfd351762bcd/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 2, Athletics: Field Hockey (I), circa 1950-1959, Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item and date], Box 6, Folder 2, Athletics: Field Hockey (I), circa 1950-1959, Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2/components#3/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:44:10.790Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_237.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/3/resources/237","title_filing_ssi":"Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia","title_ssm":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"title_tesim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1926-2007, undated","Date acquired: 00/00/2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1926-2007, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 32","/repositories/3/resources/237"],"text":["RG 32","/repositories/3/resources/237","Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Old Dominion University--History","Old Dominion University--Photographs","Old Dominion University--Multimedia","The collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","Future accruals are expected.","This collection is organized into four series: Series I: Photographs; Series II: Multimedia; Series III: Oversize Photographs; and Series IV: Negatives, Slides, and Other Media.","The University Photographic and Multimedia Collection serves as a pictorial history of the university from its founding as the Norfolk Division of William and Mary in 1930 to the present day as Old Dominion University. The photos show the growth of the school from the first William and Mary extension classes held in the Old Larchmont School to the huge multi-building, multi-degree University that is now Old Dominion.  These photos and multimedia document the change in the school's journey from an extension of the College of William and Mary in 1930 to becoming a college in 1961 to a full-fledged university in 1969 and onward still to the present day.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","The Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present.","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College","English"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 32","/repositories/3/resources/237"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"creator_ssm":["Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"creator_ssim":["Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"creators_ssim":["Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. 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Series II: Legal Documents; Series III: Financial Papers; Series IV: Printed Materials; Series V: Photographs; Series VI: Miscellaneous; Series VII: Scrapbooks; Series VIII: Oversize Awards, Certificates, and Plaques; and Series IX: Maps and Architectural Drawings.","Dudley Cooper was born in Tarboro, North Carolina in 1899. His family then moved to the Norfolk area in 1900. While a student at Maury High School, Dudley enlisted in the army when the United States entered World War I. He was trained in the Students Army Training Corps at Virginia Polytechnic Institute. At the end of the war, Dudley was discharged with the rank of sergeant and returned to complete his high school education in 1919. Dudley then attended the American Institute of Optometry, which later became an extension of Columbia University. He earned an optometry degree and returned to Norfolk.","Though he was the first college-trained optometrist to practice in Norfolk, Dudley Cooper became well known in this city chiefly through his ownership and operation of Ocean View Amusement Park. This came about in 1944 when he purchased land along the beach of Chesapeake Bay in the area now known as Ocean View. During World War II, Dudley set aside part of the land for the U.S. Army Coastal Installation, the Navy Relief Fund Raising, Naval Reserve Recruiting and various civic affair groups.","While still setting up Ocean View Park, Dudley Cooper was approached by three Black professional men: a dentist, a lawyer, and a high school principal. They wanted his help in establishing a special amusement park for the Black community. Dudley helped these men establish Seaview Beach Amusement Park, also on the Chesapeake Bay, which operated until 1966.","Dudley Cooper was active in civic and service organizations on both a local and national level. He was instrumental in bringing the 1937 National Conference of Christians and Jews to Norfolk, a meeting that led to the establishment of the annual Brotherhood Week. He was selected by the Armed Services Committee to serve as chairman of the Jewish USO in Norfolk and continued thus for the duration of the War.","After the war, Dudley served as chairman of the Norfolk United Jewish Appeal, and in 1947 was responsible for doubling the previous highest contribution ever received. Dudley and his wife, Mary, were also among the many American Jews who aided the European Jewish refugees of the steamboat Exodus by signing affidavits that allowed their entry into this country. Other activities include a local campaign begun by Dudley in the late forties known as \"Cooper's Crusade\" which eventually replaced Norfolk's antiquated street car system with a publicly-owned bus system. He also aided the journalistic education of young newspaper reporters with the foundation of the Norfolk Newspaper Guild Scholarship Fund. Dudley's civic and charitable activities continued throughout his life. At the same time he operated an optometrist's practice and successful amusement parks. In 1975 Dudley received the Distinguished Service Award from the Arnold Basmey Lodge No. 1195 of B'nai B'rith in recognition for his past leadership in Norfolk business and community affairs.","Dudley Cooper passed away on July 15, 1996.","Note written by Jay Gaidmore","The collection was previously known as the Dudley Cooper Papers but was changed to the Ocean View, Seaside, and Seaview Amusement Parks Collection in 2021.","The collection primarily concerns the operation of Ocean View Amusement Park in Norfolk, Virginia, as well as Seaside and Seaview amusement parks in Virginia Beach, Virginia. The parks were owned and operated by Dudley Cooper from the 1940s to the 1970s. The collection contains correspondence, legal documents, financial records, photographs, scrapbooks, and architectural drawings of the park. Of particular note is a scrapbook of news clippings from Seaview Amusement Park, an African American amusement park in Virginia Beach operated during segregation in Virginia. While the bulk of the collection pertains to the amusement parks, there are a few personal items related to Dudley Cooper, including certificates and a Maury High School yearbook. Parts of the collection have been digitized and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Includes correspondence, photographs, legal documents, financial material, brochures, advertisements, news releases and newspaper clippings primarily relating to Ocean View, Seaside, and Seaview amusement parks.","ODU Community Collections","Cooper, Dudley (1899-1996)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 31","/repositories/5/resources/139"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ocean View, Seaside, and Seaview Amusement Parks Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ocean View, Seaside, and Seaview Amusement Parks Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Ocean View, Seaside, and Seaview Amusement Parks Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Cooper, Dudley (1899-1996)"],"creator_ssim":["Cooper, Dudley (1899-1996)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cooper, Dudley (1899-1996)"],"creators_ssim":["Cooper, Dudley (1899-1996)"],"places_ssim":["Hampton Roads (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. Dudley Cooper; Minette Cooper","Gift. Accession #78-57"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ocean View Amusement Park (Norfolk, Va.)","Amusement parks--Virginia--Norfolk--History","Optometrists--Virginia--Norfolk","Amusement park owners--Virginia--Norfolk"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ocean View Amusement Park (Norfolk, Va.)","Amusement parks--Virginia--Norfolk--History","Optometrists--Virginia--Norfolk","Amusement park owners--Virginia--Norfolk"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["31.00 Linear Feet","14 Hollinger document cases, 8 oversized boxes, 2 map drawers, 1 archival tube boxes"],"extent_tesim":["31.00 Linear Feet","14 Hollinger document cases, 8 oversized boxes, 2 map drawers, 1 archival tube boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAn additional accession was made in November 2005\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["An additional accession was made in November 2005"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into nine series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Legal Documents; Series III: Financial Papers; Series IV: Printed Materials; Series V: Photographs; Series VI: Miscellaneous; Series VII: Scrapbooks; Series VIII: Oversize Awards, Certificates, and Plaques; and Series IX: Maps and Architectural Drawings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into nine series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Legal Documents; Series III: Financial Papers; Series IV: Printed Materials; Series V: Photographs; Series VI: Miscellaneous; Series VII: Scrapbooks; Series VIII: Oversize Awards, Certificates, and Plaques; and Series IX: Maps and Architectural Drawings."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDudley Cooper was born in Tarboro, North Carolina in 1899. His family then moved to the Norfolk area in 1900. While a student at Maury High School, Dudley enlisted in the army when the United States entered World War I. He was trained in the Students Army Training Corps at Virginia Polytechnic Institute. At the end of the war, Dudley was discharged with the rank of sergeant and returned to complete his high school education in 1919. Dudley then attended the American Institute of Optometry, which later became an extension of Columbia University. He earned an optometry degree and returned to Norfolk.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough he was the first college-trained optometrist to practice in Norfolk, Dudley Cooper became well known in this city chiefly through his ownership and operation of Ocean View Amusement Park. This came about in 1944 when he purchased land along the beach of Chesapeake Bay in the area now known as Ocean View. During World War II, Dudley set aside part of the land for the U.S. Army Coastal Installation, the Navy Relief Fund Raising, Naval Reserve Recruiting and various civic affair groups.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile still setting up Ocean View Park, Dudley Cooper was approached by three Black professional men: a dentist, a lawyer, and a high school principal. They wanted his help in establishing a special amusement park for the Black community. Dudley helped these men establish Seaview Beach Amusement Park, also on the Chesapeake Bay, which operated until 1966.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDudley Cooper was active in civic and service organizations on both a local and national level. He was instrumental in bringing the 1937 National Conference of Christians and Jews to Norfolk, a meeting that led to the establishment of the annual Brotherhood Week. He was selected by the Armed Services Committee to serve as chairman of the Jewish USO in Norfolk and continued thus for the duration of the War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, Dudley served as chairman of the Norfolk United Jewish Appeal, and in 1947 was responsible for doubling the previous highest contribution ever received. Dudley and his wife, Mary, were also among the many American Jews who aided the European Jewish refugees of the steamboat Exodus by signing affidavits that allowed their entry into this country. Other activities include a local campaign begun by Dudley in the late forties known as \"Cooper's Crusade\" which eventually replaced Norfolk's antiquated street car system with a publicly-owned bus system. He also aided the journalistic education of young newspaper reporters with the foundation of the Norfolk Newspaper Guild Scholarship Fund. Dudley's civic and charitable activities continued throughout his life. At the same time he operated an optometrist's practice and successful amusement parks. In 1975 Dudley received the Distinguished Service Award from the Arnold Basmey Lodge No. 1195 of B'nai B'rith in recognition for his past leadership in Norfolk business and community affairs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDudley Cooper passed away on July 15, 1996.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Jay Gaidmore\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dudley Cooper was born in Tarboro, North Carolina in 1899. His family then moved to the Norfolk area in 1900. While a student at Maury High School, Dudley enlisted in the army when the United States entered World War I. He was trained in the Students Army Training Corps at Virginia Polytechnic Institute. At the end of the war, Dudley was discharged with the rank of sergeant and returned to complete his high school education in 1919. Dudley then attended the American Institute of Optometry, which later became an extension of Columbia University. He earned an optometry degree and returned to Norfolk.","Though he was the first college-trained optometrist to practice in Norfolk, Dudley Cooper became well known in this city chiefly through his ownership and operation of Ocean View Amusement Park. This came about in 1944 when he purchased land along the beach of Chesapeake Bay in the area now known as Ocean View. During World War II, Dudley set aside part of the land for the U.S. Army Coastal Installation, the Navy Relief Fund Raising, Naval Reserve Recruiting and various civic affair groups.","While still setting up Ocean View Park, Dudley Cooper was approached by three Black professional men: a dentist, a lawyer, and a high school principal. They wanted his help in establishing a special amusement park for the Black community. Dudley helped these men establish Seaview Beach Amusement Park, also on the Chesapeake Bay, which operated until 1966.","Dudley Cooper was active in civic and service organizations on both a local and national level. He was instrumental in bringing the 1937 National Conference of Christians and Jews to Norfolk, a meeting that led to the establishment of the annual Brotherhood Week. He was selected by the Armed Services Committee to serve as chairman of the Jewish USO in Norfolk and continued thus for the duration of the War.","After the war, Dudley served as chairman of the Norfolk United Jewish Appeal, and in 1947 was responsible for doubling the previous highest contribution ever received. Dudley and his wife, Mary, were also among the many American Jews who aided the European Jewish refugees of the steamboat Exodus by signing affidavits that allowed their entry into this country. Other activities include a local campaign begun by Dudley in the late forties known as \"Cooper's Crusade\" which eventually replaced Norfolk's antiquated street car system with a publicly-owned bus system. He also aided the journalistic education of young newspaper reporters with the foundation of the Norfolk Newspaper Guild Scholarship Fund. Dudley's civic and charitable activities continued throughout his life. At the same time he operated an optometrist's practice and successful amusement parks. In 1975 Dudley received the Distinguished Service Award from the Arnold Basmey Lodge No. 1195 of B'nai B'rith in recognition for his past leadership in Norfolk business and community affairs.","Dudley Cooper passed away on July 15, 1996.","Note written by Jay Gaidmore"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was previously known as the Dudley Cooper Papers but was changed to the Ocean View, Seaside, and Seaview Amusement Parks Collection in 2021.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was previously known as the Dudley Cooper Papers but was changed to the Ocean View, Seaside, and Seaview Amusement Parks Collection in 2021."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|8bef8c1c-8174-4dff-a680-7081858cd949/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Ocean View, Seaview, and Seaside Amusement Parks Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Ocean View, Seaview, and Seaside Amusement Parks Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection primarily concerns the operation of Ocean View Amusement Park in Norfolk, Virginia, as well as Seaside and Seaview amusement parks in Virginia Beach, Virginia. The parks were owned and operated by Dudley Cooper from the 1940s to the 1970s. The collection contains correspondence, legal documents, financial records, photographs, scrapbooks, and architectural drawings of the park. Of particular note is a scrapbook of news clippings from Seaview Amusement Park, an African American amusement park in Virginia Beach operated during segregation in Virginia. While the bulk of the collection pertains to the amusement parks, there are a few personal items related to Dudley Cooper, including certificates and a Maury High School yearbook. Parts of the collection have been digitized and are available in the \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/SO_8bef8c1c-8174-4dff-a680-7081858cd949/\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection primarily concerns the operation of Ocean View Amusement Park in Norfolk, Virginia, as well as Seaside and Seaview amusement parks in Virginia Beach, Virginia. The parks were owned and operated by Dudley Cooper from the 1940s to the 1970s. The collection contains correspondence, legal documents, financial records, photographs, scrapbooks, and architectural drawings of the park. Of particular note is a scrapbook of news clippings from Seaview Amusement Park, an African American amusement park in Virginia Beach operated during segregation in Virginia. While the bulk of the collection pertains to the amusement parks, there are a few personal items related to Dudley Cooper, including certificates and a Maury High School yearbook. Parts of the collection have been digitized and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_42f618931a003205e491c40d5de2fe18\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eIncludes correspondence, photographs, legal documents, financial material, brochures, advertisements, news releases and newspaper clippings primarily relating to Ocean View, Seaside, and Seaview amusement parks.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Includes correspondence, photographs, legal documents, financial material, brochures, advertisements, news releases and newspaper clippings primarily relating to Ocean View, Seaside, and Seaview amusement parks."],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Cooper, Dudley (1899-1996)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Cooper, Dudley (1899-1996)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":324,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:45:31.379Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_139_c03_c02_c02"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c05_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Folder 02: Buildings and Grounds: Greenhouse","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c05_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c05_c02","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c05_c02"],"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c05_c02","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c05","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c05","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_237","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c05"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_237","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c05"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Series I: Photographs","Sub-Series C: Print Photographs","Box 007"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Series I: Photographs","Sub-Series C: Print Photographs","Box 007"],"text":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Series I: Photographs","Sub-Series C: Print Photographs","Box 007","Folder 02: Buildings and Grounds: Greenhouse","box 007","folder 02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Folder 02: Buildings and Grounds: Greenhouse","title_ssm":["Folder 02: Buildings and Grounds: Greenhouse"],"title_tesim":["Folder 02: Buildings and Grounds: Greenhouse"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1950-1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950/1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Folder 02: Buildings and Grounds: Greenhouse"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":155,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"containers_ssim":["box 007","folder 02"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n  \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3AdeliverableUnit|91cec689-8f92-4051-b544-6718e7c6d1b3/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 7, Folder 2, Buildings and Grounds: Greenhouse, circa 1950-1959, Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item and date], Box 7, Folder 2, Buildings and Grounds: Greenhouse, circa 1950-1959, Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2/components#4/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:44:10.790Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_237.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/3/resources/237","title_filing_ssi":"Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia","title_ssm":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"title_tesim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1926-2007, undated","Date acquired: 00/00/2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1926-2007, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 32","/repositories/3/resources/237"],"text":["RG 32","/repositories/3/resources/237","Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Old Dominion University--History","Old Dominion University--Photographs","Old Dominion University--Multimedia","The collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","Future accruals are expected.","This collection is organized into four series: Series I: Photographs; Series II: Multimedia; Series III: Oversize Photographs; and Series IV: Negatives, Slides, and Other Media.","The University Photographic and Multimedia Collection serves as a pictorial history of the university from its founding as the Norfolk Division of William and Mary in 1930 to the present day as Old Dominion University. The photos show the growth of the school from the first William and Mary extension classes held in the Old Larchmont School to the huge multi-building, multi-degree University that is now Old Dominion.  These photos and multimedia document the change in the school's journey from an extension of the College of William and Mary in 1930 to becoming a college in 1961 to a full-fledged university in 1969 and onward still to the present day.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","The Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present.","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College","English"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 32","/repositories/3/resources/237"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"creator_ssm":["Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"creator_ssim":["Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"creators_ssim":["Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. 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The photos show the growth of the school from the first William and Mary extension classes held in the Old Larchmont School to the huge multi-building, multi-degree University that is now Old Dominion.  These photos and multimedia document the change in the school's journey from an extension of the College of William and Mary in 1930 to becoming a college in 1961 to a full-fledged university in 1969 and onward still to the present day.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","The Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present.","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. 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Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Unknown","The collection has been added to over the years through various transfers from university photographers and departments, as well as several individuals."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Old Dominion University--History","Old Dominion University--Photographs","Old Dominion University--Multimedia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Old Dominion University--History","Old Dominion University--Photographs","Old Dominion University--Multimedia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["220.80 Linear Feet","93 Hollinger document cases, 3 half Hollinger document cases, 4 VHS/Multimedia boxes, 7 oversize boxes, 7 loose foam backed oversize photos, 14 record carton cartons, and 20 framed photos boxes"],"extent_tesim":["220.80 Linear Feet","93 Hollinger document cases, 3 half Hollinger document cases, 4 VHS/Multimedia boxes, 7 oversize boxes, 7 loose foam backed oversize photos, 14 record carton cartons, and 20 framed photos boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFuture accruals are expected.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Future accruals are expected."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized into four series: Series I: Photographs; Series II: Multimedia; Series III: Oversize Photographs; and Series IV: Negatives, Slides, and Other Media.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized into four series: Series I: Photographs; Series II: Multimedia; Series III: Oversize Photographs; and Series IV: Negatives, Slides, and Other Media."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe University Photographic and Multimedia Collection serves as a pictorial history of the university from its founding as the Norfolk Division of William and Mary in 1930 to the present day as Old Dominion University. The photos show the growth of the school from the first William and Mary extension classes held in the Old Larchmont School to the huge multi-building, multi-degree University that is now Old Dominion.  These photos and multimedia document the change in the school's journey from an extension of the College of William and Mary in 1930 to becoming a college in 1961 to a full-fledged university in 1969 and onward still to the present day.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The University Photographic and Multimedia Collection serves as a pictorial history of the university from its founding as the Norfolk Division of William and Mary in 1930 to the present day as Old Dominion University. The photos show the growth of the school from the first William and Mary extension classes held in the Old Larchmont School to the huge multi-building, multi-degree University that is now Old Dominion.  These photos and multimedia document the change in the school's journey from an extension of the College of William and Mary in 1930 to becoming a college in 1961 to a full-fledged university in 1969 and onward still to the present day.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|252497b2-136c-4587-a77e-54417ad861f9/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/SO_252497b2-136c-4587-a77e-54417ad861f9/\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9561b508ff45f5e397a42232e1312422\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present."],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2479,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:44:10.790Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c07_c02"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_2_resources_334_c02_c02_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Folder 02: Franco, Johan Henri Gustave","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_2_resources_334_c02_c02_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_2_resources_334_c02_c02_c02","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_2_resources_334_c02_c02_c02"],"id":"vino_repositories_2_resources_334_c02_c02_c02","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_2_resources_334","_root_":"vino_repositories_2_resources_334","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_2_resources_334_c02_c02","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_2_resources_334_c02_c02","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_2_resources_334","vino_repositories_2_resources_334_c02","vino_repositories_2_resources_334_c02_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_2_resources_334","vino_repositories_2_resources_334_c02","vino_repositories_2_resources_334_c02_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Archive of Virginia Composers","Series II: Composers Inventory and Ephemera","Box 03"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Archive of Virginia Composers","Series II: Composers Inventory and Ephemera","Box 03"],"text":["Archive of Virginia Composers","Series II: Composers Inventory and Ephemera","Box 03","Folder 02: Franco, Johan Henri Gustave","box 03","folder 02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Folder 02: Franco, Johan Henri Gustave","title_ssm":["Folder 02: Franco, Johan Henri Gustave"],"title_tesim":["Folder 02: Franco, Johan Henri Gustave"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940 November 25-1977 June 23, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940/1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Folder 02: Franco, Johan Henri Gustave"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Archive of Virginia Composers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":38,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"containers_ssim":["box 03","folder 02"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 03, Folder 02, Franco, Johan Henri Gustave, 1940 November 25-1977 June 23, undated, Archive of Virginia Composers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item and date], Box 03, Folder 02, Franco, Johan Henri Gustave, 1940 November 25-1977 June 23, undated, Archive of Virginia Composers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:49:30.225Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_2_resources_334","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_2_resources_334","_root_":"vino_repositories_2_resources_334","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_2_resources_334","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_2_resources_334.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Composers, Archive of","title_ssm":["Archive of Virginia Composers"],"title_tesim":["Archive of Virginia Composers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1931-1979, undated","Date acquired: 10/18/2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1931-1979, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 10/18/2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["DCR MG 4","/repositories/2/resources/334"],"text":["DCR MG 4","/repositories/2/resources/334","Archive of Virginia Composers","Neoclassicism (Music)","Instrumental music.","Vocal Music--20th century","Composers--United States--Virginia","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is arranged into five series. Series I: Organizational Records; Series II: Composers Inventory and Ephemera; Series III: Scores; Series IV: Oversize Scores; and Series IV: Audio. Materials within each series are arranged alphabetically by subject, composer name, or title.","The Archive of Virginia Composers was the idea of former Old Dominion University music major Fred Strong. He had been recording interviews with local composers to air on the radio and decided to donate these recordings to the Norfolk Public Library, where he met Audrey Hays, head of the Feldman Fine Arts and Audio-Visual Department. Between the two of them, the idea of creating an archive of Virginia composers developed, and in 1976, funds were secured and the project proceeded. According to an official statement, \"The Archive of Virginia Composers was begun by a matching grant from the Virginia Commission for the Arts and Humanities and the Norfolk Public Library System for the purpose of accumulating biographical, historical, and musical information on all serious Virginia composers (living and deceased), so that we may act as a reference source to the public at large. By doing this, we hope to spur an abundance of interest toward their music which could result in more performances, commissions, etc., thereby making their livelihood more rewarding, and their value more substantial.\"","The collection was processed by Madeline Dietrich, Music Special Collections and Research Specialist, from February 2021 through April 2022.","The Archive of Virginia Composers is a collection of scores and recordings of musical works by Virginia composers collected by the Norfolk Public Library between 1975 and 1979. The purpose of the archive was to bring these materials together into a single repository where they could be promoted and preserved. Thirty-four composers are represented; materials include biographical information, taped interviews, audio recordings on vinyl discs, open reel and cassette tapes, copies of published works, original and photocopies of manuscripts (including sheet music), photographs, programs, newspapers, and magazine articles. Additionally, the collection includes extensive correspondence relating to the history and development of the archive. The music itself consists of chamber works, major works for large ensembles, and sacred works (typically single-movement pieces intended for a church choir). Of these, the majority are representative of conventional styles, with some dating back to the 1930s. Other works represent exploratory compositional techniques of the 1970s.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Includes biographical information, taped interviews, audio recordings on vinyl discs, open reel and cassette tapes, copies of published works, original and photocopies of manuscripts (including sheet music), as well as other material related to the Archive of Virginia Composers.","ODU Diehn Composers Room Collection","Strong, Fred (1952-)","Hays, Audrey","Diehn, Fr. L. (Friedrich Ludwig) (1910-1995)","Ross, Walter (1936-)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["DCR MG 4","/repositories/2/resources/334"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Archive of Virginia Composers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Archive of Virginia Composers"],"collection_ssim":["Archive of Virginia Composers"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"creator_ssm":["Strong, Fred (1952-)","Hays, Audrey"],"creator_ssim":["Strong, Fred (1952-)","Hays, Audrey"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Strong, Fred (1952-)","Hays, Audrey"],"creators_ssim":["Strong, Fred (1952-)","Hays, Audrey"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift from the Norfolk Public Library, Sargeant Memorial Collection.","Acc. 2016.024 was received by Special Collections and University Archives from Sarah Osorio on behalf of the Norfolk Public Library on 10/18/2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Neoclassicism (Music)","Instrumental music.","Vocal Music--20th century","Composers--United States--Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Neoclassicism (Music)","Instrumental music.","Vocal Music--20th century","Composers--United States--Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21 Linear Feet","8 Hollinger document cases, 31 flat cases, 1 LP case boxes"],"extent_tesim":["21 Linear Feet","8 Hollinger document cases, 31 flat cases, 1 LP case boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into five series. Series I: Organizational Records; Series II: Composers Inventory and Ephemera; Series III: Scores; Series IV: Oversize Scores; and Series IV: Audio. Materials within each series are arranged alphabetically by subject, composer name, or title.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into five series. Series I: Organizational Records; Series II: Composers Inventory and Ephemera; Series III: Scores; Series IV: Oversize Scores; and Series IV: Audio. Materials within each series are arranged alphabetically by subject, composer name, or title."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Archive of Virginia Composers was the idea of former Old Dominion University music major Fred Strong. He had been recording interviews with local composers to air on the radio and decided to donate these recordings to the Norfolk Public Library, where he met Audrey Hays, head of the Feldman Fine Arts and Audio-Visual Department. Between the two of them, the idea of creating an archive of Virginia composers developed, and in 1976, funds were secured and the project proceeded. According to an official statement, \"The Archive of Virginia Composers was begun by a matching grant from the Virginia Commission for the Arts and Humanities and the Norfolk Public Library System for the purpose of accumulating biographical, historical, and musical information on all serious Virginia composers (living and deceased), so that we may act as a reference source to the public at large. By doing this, we hope to spur an abundance of interest toward their music which could result in more performances, commissions, etc., thereby making their livelihood more rewarding, and their value more substantial.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Archive of Virginia Composers was the idea of former Old Dominion University music major Fred Strong. He had been recording interviews with local composers to air on the radio and decided to donate these recordings to the Norfolk Public Library, where he met Audrey Hays, head of the Feldman Fine Arts and Audio-Visual Department. Between the two of them, the idea of creating an archive of Virginia composers developed, and in 1976, funds were secured and the project proceeded. According to an official statement, \"The Archive of Virginia Composers was begun by a matching grant from the Virginia Commission for the Arts and Humanities and the Norfolk Public Library System for the purpose of accumulating biographical, historical, and musical information on all serious Virginia composers (living and deceased), so that we may act as a reference source to the public at large. By doing this, we hope to spur an abundance of interest toward their music which could result in more performances, commissions, etc., thereby making their livelihood more rewarding, and their value more substantial.\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Archive of Virginia Composers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Archive of Virginia Composers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was processed by Madeline Dietrich, Music Special Collections and Research Specialist, from February 2021 through April 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was processed by Madeline Dietrich, Music Special Collections and Research Specialist, from February 2021 through April 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Archive of Virginia Composers is a collection of scores and recordings of musical works by Virginia composers collected by the Norfolk Public Library between 1975 and 1979. The purpose of the archive was to bring these materials together into a single repository where they could be promoted and preserved. Thirty-four composers are represented; materials include biographical information, taped interviews, audio recordings on vinyl discs, open reel and cassette tapes, copies of published works, original and photocopies of manuscripts (including sheet music), photographs, programs, newspapers, and magazine articles. Additionally, the collection includes extensive correspondence relating to the history and development of the archive. The music itself consists of chamber works, major works for large ensembles, and sacred works (typically single-movement pieces intended for a church choir). Of these, the majority are representative of conventional styles, with some dating back to the 1930s. Other works represent exploratory compositional techniques of the 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Archive of Virginia Composers is a collection of scores and recordings of musical works by Virginia composers collected by the Norfolk Public Library between 1975 and 1979. The purpose of the archive was to bring these materials together into a single repository where they could be promoted and preserved. Thirty-four composers are represented; materials include biographical information, taped interviews, audio recordings on vinyl discs, open reel and cassette tapes, copies of published works, original and photocopies of manuscripts (including sheet music), photographs, programs, newspapers, and magazine articles. Additionally, the collection includes extensive correspondence relating to the history and development of the archive. The music itself consists of chamber works, major works for large ensembles, and sacred works (typically single-movement pieces intended for a church choir). Of these, the majority are representative of conventional styles, with some dating back to the 1930s. Other works represent exploratory compositional techniques of the 1970s."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_db8ebfe7593791e52aab46beaed792f0\"\u003eIncludes biographical information, taped interviews, audio recordings on vinyl discs, open reel and cassette tapes, copies of published works, original and photocopies of manuscripts (including sheet music), as well as other material related to the Archive of Virginia Composers.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Includes biographical information, taped interviews, audio recordings on vinyl discs, open reel and cassette tapes, copies of published works, original and photocopies of manuscripts (including sheet music), as well as other material related to the Archive of Virginia Composers."],"names_ssim":["ODU Diehn Composers Room Collection","Strong, Fred (1952-)","Hays, Audrey","Diehn, Fr. L. (Friedrich Ludwig) (1910-1995)","Ross, Walter (1936-)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Diehn Composers Room Collection"],"names_coll_ssim":["Diehn, Fr. L. (Friedrich Ludwig) (1910-1995)","Ross, Walter (1936-)"],"persname_ssim":["Strong, Fred (1952-)","Hays, Audrey","Diehn, Fr. L. (Friedrich Ludwig) (1910-1995)","Ross, Walter (1936-)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":831,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:49:30.225Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_2_resources_334_c02_c02_c02"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c08_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Folder 02: Greek/Social Organizations: Imps","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c08_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c08_c02","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c08_c02"],"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c08_c02","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c08","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c08","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_237","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c08"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_237","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c08"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Series I: Photographs","Sub-Series C: Print Photographs","Box 010"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Series I: Photographs","Sub-Series C: Print Photographs","Box 010"],"text":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Series I: Photographs","Sub-Series C: Print Photographs","Box 010","Folder 02: Greek/Social Organizations: Imps","box 010","folder 02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Folder 02: Greek/Social Organizations: Imps","title_ssm":["Folder 02: Greek/Social Organizations: Imps"],"title_tesim":["Folder 02: Greek/Social Organizations: Imps"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1950-1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950/1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Folder 02: Greek/Social Organizations: Imps"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":228,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"containers_ssim":["box 010","folder 02"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n  \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3AdeliverableUnit|23ef9c79-33b1-402b-ac32-7e5b1d3e0bcc/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 10, Folder 2, Greek/Social Organizations: Imps, circa 1950-1959, Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item and date], Box 10, Folder 2, Greek/Social Organizations: Imps, circa 1950-1959, Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2/components#7/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:44:10.790Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_237.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/3/resources/237","title_filing_ssi":"Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia","title_ssm":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"title_tesim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1926-2007, undated","Date acquired: 00/00/2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1926-2007, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 32","/repositories/3/resources/237"],"text":["RG 32","/repositories/3/resources/237","Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Old Dominion University--History","Old Dominion University--Photographs","Old Dominion University--Multimedia","The collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","Future accruals are expected.","This collection is organized into four series: Series I: Photographs; Series II: Multimedia; Series III: Oversize Photographs; and Series IV: Negatives, Slides, and Other Media.","The University Photographic and Multimedia Collection serves as a pictorial history of the university from its founding as the Norfolk Division of William and Mary in 1930 to the present day as Old Dominion University. The photos show the growth of the school from the first William and Mary extension classes held in the Old Larchmont School to the huge multi-building, multi-degree University that is now Old Dominion.  These photos and multimedia document the change in the school's journey from an extension of the College of William and Mary in 1930 to becoming a college in 1961 to a full-fledged university in 1969 and onward still to the present day.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","The Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present.","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College","English"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 32","/repositories/3/resources/237"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"creator_ssm":["Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"creator_ssim":["Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"creators_ssim":["Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Unknown","The collection has been added to over the years through various transfers from university photographers and departments, as well as several individuals."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Old Dominion University--History","Old Dominion University--Photographs","Old Dominion University--Multimedia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Old Dominion University--History","Old Dominion University--Photographs","Old Dominion University--Multimedia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["220.80 Linear Feet","93 Hollinger document cases, 3 half Hollinger document cases, 4 VHS/Multimedia boxes, 7 oversize boxes, 7 loose foam backed oversize photos, 14 record carton cartons, and 20 framed photos boxes"],"extent_tesim":["220.80 Linear Feet","93 Hollinger document cases, 3 half Hollinger document cases, 4 VHS/Multimedia boxes, 7 oversize boxes, 7 loose foam backed oversize photos, 14 record carton cartons, and 20 framed photos boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFuture accruals are expected.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Future accruals are expected."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized into four series: Series I: Photographs; Series II: Multimedia; Series III: Oversize Photographs; and Series IV: Negatives, Slides, and Other Media.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized into four series: Series I: Photographs; Series II: Multimedia; Series III: Oversize Photographs; and Series IV: Negatives, Slides, and Other Media."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe University Photographic and Multimedia Collection serves as a pictorial history of the university from its founding as the Norfolk Division of William and Mary in 1930 to the present day as Old Dominion University. The photos show the growth of the school from the first William and Mary extension classes held in the Old Larchmont School to the huge multi-building, multi-degree University that is now Old Dominion.  These photos and multimedia document the change in the school's journey from an extension of the College of William and Mary in 1930 to becoming a college in 1961 to a full-fledged university in 1969 and onward still to the present day.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The University Photographic and Multimedia Collection serves as a pictorial history of the university from its founding as the Norfolk Division of William and Mary in 1930 to the present day as Old Dominion University. The photos show the growth of the school from the first William and Mary extension classes held in the Old Larchmont School to the huge multi-building, multi-degree University that is now Old Dominion.  These photos and multimedia document the change in the school's journey from an extension of the College of William and Mary in 1930 to becoming a college in 1961 to a full-fledged university in 1969 and onward still to the present day.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|252497b2-136c-4587-a77e-54417ad861f9/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/SO_252497b2-136c-4587-a77e-54417ad861f9/\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9561b508ff45f5e397a42232e1312422\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present."],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2479,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:44:10.790Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c03_c08_c02"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c01_c01_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Folder 02: Norfolk City Council and School Board","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c01_c01_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c01_c01_c02","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c01_c01_c02"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c01_c01_c02","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_187","vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c01","vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c01_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_187","vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c01","vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c01_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection","Series I: Closing of the Norfolk City Schools","Box 01"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection","Series I: Closing of the Norfolk City Schools","Box 01"],"text":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection","Series I: Closing of the Norfolk City Schools","Box 01","Folder 02: Norfolk City Council and School Board","box 01","folder 02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Folder 02: Norfolk City Council and School Board","title_ssm":["Folder 02: Norfolk City Council and School Board"],"title_tesim":["Folder 02: Norfolk City Council and School Board"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1955-1958"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1955/1958"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Folder 02: Norfolk City Council and School Board"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":4,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1955,1956,1957,1958],"containers_ssim":["box 01","folder 02"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n  \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3AdeliverableUnit|74f543ae-85c4-4c64-b4b9-06da26413f87/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 2, Norfolk City Council and School Board, 1955-1958, Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 2, Norfolk City Council and School Board, 1955-1958, Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:40:26.566Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_187.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/187","title_filing_ssi":"Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation","title_ssm":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"title_tesim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1922-2008, undated","Date acquired: 12/14/2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1922-2008, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 12/14/2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 92","/repositories/5/resources/187"],"text":["MG 92","/repositories/5/resources/187","Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","African Americans--Civil rights","School integration--Massive resistance movement","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Segregation in education--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century","African Americans--Segregation","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka","Public schools--Virginia--Norfolk","School closings--Virginia--Norfolk","Busing for school integration--Virginia--Norfolk","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is organized into five series: Series I: Closing of the Norfolk City Schools; Series II: The Path to a Unitary School District; Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District; Series IV: Directories and Calendars; and Series V: Oversized Documents.","Norfolk, Virginia has twice found itself at the center of attention related to the racial desegregation of its schools. The first was in the late 1950s during a state-wide, governor-led resistance to the integration mandated by the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS ruling. Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. closed the schools scheduled to be integrated for five months until the courts intervened. The second was in 1986 when Norfolk became the first school district in the country to have a federal judicial ruling allowing them to end busing for the purpose of achieving racial balance in schools.","On September 19, 1958, U.S. District Judge Walter Hoffman issued an order in continuation of Leola Pearl Beckett v. The School Board of the City of Norfolk which said that Norfolk must immediately begin to integrate its schools. On September 27, 1958, the Norfolk School Board placed 17 African American children into previously all white schools in compliance with the judge's order. Earlier in 1958, the Virginia legislature had granted permission to Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. to close any white school that had \"negroes\" which tried to enroll. On September 27, the same day the children were to start at school, the Governor closed the six affected schools in Norfolk and took them under his control. In all, this impacted more than 10,000 white students and the 17 African American students (the Norfolk 17). In the months that followed, students found avenues to education through private schools, relocation, but mostly through highly organized tutoring groups. In February of 1959, the schools reopened with fewer students-by one estimate almost 2500 fewer.","From 2008 to September 2020, the collection was known as the Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Papers.","The finding aid was completed by Jennifer Clayton in Apirl 2008.","This collection primarily contains material related to the integration of the Norfolk public schools. The papers include correspondence, court cases, school board resolutions, inter-district memorandum, press releases, reports, news clippings and district maps. Subjects covered are the 1958 school closing to prevent integration, integration progress in the 1960s, busing to achieve integration in the 1970s and the end of busing in the mid-1980s. Among the most important historical materials is correspondence between Governor Lindsay Almond and the School Administration, beginning with the letter ordering the closing of six Norfolk schools as mandated by the \"Massive Resistance\" law. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation. Parts of the collection have been scanned and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","This collection dating from 1922-2008, contains correspondence, memorandum, depositions, court orders, recollections, statistical testing data, printed material, artifacts, and maps.The bulk of the collection provides a glimpse into the decisions made by the School Board through court documentation and the public sentiment during the integration process in Norfolk. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation.","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 92","/repositories/5/resources/187"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Norfolk, Virginia, Public Schools","Gift. Accession #A2007-006"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Civil rights","School integration--Massive resistance movement","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Segregation in education--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century","African Americans--Segregation","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka","Public schools--Virginia--Norfolk","School closings--Virginia--Norfolk","Busing for school integration--Virginia--Norfolk"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Civil rights","School integration--Massive resistance movement","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Segregation in education--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century","African Americans--Segregation","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka","Public schools--Virginia--Norfolk","School closings--Virginia--Norfolk","Busing for school integration--Virginia--Norfolk"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["18.40 Linear Feet","34 Hollinger document cases; 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["18.40 Linear Feet","34 Hollinger document cases; 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series: Series I: Closing of the Norfolk City Schools; Series II: The Path to a Unitary School District; Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District; Series IV: Directories and Calendars; and Series V: Oversized Documents.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series: Series I: Closing of the Norfolk City Schools; Series II: The Path to a Unitary School District; Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District; Series IV: Directories and Calendars; and Series V: Oversized Documents."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorfolk, Virginia has twice found itself at the center of attention related to the racial desegregation of its schools. The first was in the late 1950s during a state-wide, governor-led resistance to the integration mandated by the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS ruling. Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. closed the schools scheduled to be integrated for five months until the courts intervened. The second was in 1986 when Norfolk became the first school district in the country to have a federal judicial ruling allowing them to end busing for the purpose of achieving racial balance in schools.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn September 19, 1958, U.S. District Judge Walter Hoffman issued an order in continuation of Leola Pearl Beckett v. The School Board of the City of Norfolk which said that Norfolk must immediately begin to integrate its schools. On September 27, 1958, the Norfolk School Board placed 17 African American children into previously all white schools in compliance with the judge's order. Earlier in 1958, the Virginia legislature had granted permission to Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. to close any white school that had \"negroes\" which tried to enroll. On September 27, the same day the children were to start at school, the Governor closed the six affected schools in Norfolk and took them under his control. In all, this impacted more than 10,000 white students and the 17 African American students (the Norfolk 17). In the months that followed, students found avenues to education through private schools, relocation, but mostly through highly organized tutoring groups. In February of 1959, the schools reopened with fewer students-by one estimate almost 2500 fewer.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Norfolk, Virginia has twice found itself at the center of attention related to the racial desegregation of its schools. The first was in the late 1950s during a state-wide, governor-led resistance to the integration mandated by the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS ruling. 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On September 27, the same day the children were to start at school, the Governor closed the six affected schools in Norfolk and took them under his control. In all, this impacted more than 10,000 white students and the 17 African American students (the Norfolk 17). In the months that followed, students found avenues to education through private schools, relocation, but mostly through highly organized tutoring groups. In February of 1959, the schools reopened with fewer students-by one estimate almost 2500 fewer."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrom 2008 to September 2020, the collection was known as the Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["From 2008 to September 2020, the collection was known as the Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Papers."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|80f31496-d0c0-40e8-9c9c-024a1e1a2903/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe finding aid was completed by Jennifer Clayton in Apirl 2008.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The finding aid was completed by Jennifer Clayton in Apirl 2008."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection primarily contains material related to the integration of the Norfolk public schools. The papers include correspondence, court cases, school board resolutions, inter-district memorandum, press releases, reports, news clippings and district maps. Subjects covered are the 1958 school closing to prevent integration, integration progress in the 1960s, busing to achieve integration in the 1970s and the end of busing in the mid-1980s. Among the most important historical materials is correspondence between Governor Lindsay Almond and the School Administration, beginning with the letter ordering the closing of six Norfolk schools as mandated by the \"Massive Resistance\" law. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation. Parts of the collection have been scanned and are available in the \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/SO_80f31496-d0c0-40e8-9c9c-024a1e1a2903/\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection primarily contains material related to the integration of the Norfolk public schools. The papers include correspondence, court cases, school board resolutions, inter-district memorandum, press releases, reports, news clippings and district maps. Subjects covered are the 1958 school closing to prevent integration, integration progress in the 1960s, busing to achieve integration in the 1970s and the end of busing in the mid-1980s. Among the most important historical materials is correspondence between Governor Lindsay Almond and the School Administration, beginning with the letter ordering the closing of six Norfolk schools as mandated by the \"Massive Resistance\" law. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation. Parts of the collection have been scanned and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_cc312911e0755655711aff73f46b1cbc\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection dating from 1922-2008, contains correspondence, memorandum, depositions, court orders, recollections, statistical testing data, printed material, artifacts, and maps.The bulk of the collection provides a glimpse into the decisions made by the School Board through court documentation and the public sentiment during the integration process in Norfolk. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection dating from 1922-2008, contains correspondence, memorandum, depositions, court orders, recollections, statistical testing data, printed material, artifacts, and maps.The bulk of the collection provides a glimpse into the decisions made by the School Board through court documentation and the public sentiment during the integration process in Norfolk. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation."],"names_coll_ssim":["National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":425,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:40:26.566Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c01_c01_c02"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Old Dominion University","value":"Old Dominion University","hits":2049},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1955\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1955\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A. 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