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The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The University Archives adds material to this collection on an ongoing basis as needed.","Arranged by volume number.","George Balk was a William and Mary student from 1948-1952.","Item 1: Acc. 1981.36; Item 2: Acc. 1981.37; Item 3: Acc. 1981.38; Item 4: Acc. 1981.39; Item 5: Acc. 1981.40; Item 6: acc. 1981.41;  Item 7: Acc. 1981.42; Item 8: Acc. 1981.43; Item 9: Acc. 1981.44; Item 10: Acc. 1981.45; Item 11: Acc.1981.46; Item 12: Acc. 1981.47; Item 13: Acc. 1981.48; Item 14: Scc. 1981.49; Item 15: Acc. 1981.50; Item 16: Acc. 1981.51; Item 17: Acc. 1981.52; Item 18: Acc. 1981.53; Item 20: Acc. 1981.55; Item 21: Acc. 1981.56; Item 22: Acc. 1981.57; Item 23: Acc. 1981.58; Item 24: Acc. 1980.19; Item 25: Acc. 1981.59; Item 27: Acc.1981.60; Item 28: Acc. 1981.61; Item 29: Acc. 1981.64; Item 30: Acc. 1981.63; Item 31: Acc. 1981.64; Item 33: Acc. 1981.66; Item 35: Acc. 1980.45;  Item 37: Acc.1981.68; Item 39: Acc. 1983.19; Item 40: Acc.1983.1; Item 41: Acc.1983.2; Item 42: Acc.1983.3; Item 43: Acc.1983.4; Item 44: Acc.1983.5; Item 45: Acc. 1983.130; Item 47: Acc. 1979.28; Item 49: Acc. 1981.34; Item 50: Acc. 1983.12; Item 51: Acc. 1983.99; Item 52: Acc. 1983.114; Item 53: Acc. 1983.135; Item 54: Acc. 1983.136; Item 55: Acc. 1984.1; Item 56: Acc. 1984.2; Item 57: Acc. 1983.42; Item 58: Acc. 1984.8; Item 62: Acc. 1985.017; Item 63: Acc. 1985.018; Item 64: Acc. 1985.20; Item 65: Acc. 1985.47; Item 66: Acc. 1985.55; Item 67: Acc. 1986.31; Item 68: Acc. 1986.32; Item 69: Acc. 1986.33; Item 70: Acc. 1987.063; item 71: Acc. 1987.064; Item 72: Acc. 1987.065; Item 73: Acc. 1987.066; Item 74: Acc. 1987.82; Item 75: Acc. 1987.83; Item 76: Acc.1988.82; Item 77: Acc. 1988.97; Item 78: Acc. 1988.100; Item 79: Acc. 1989.148; Item 80: Acc.1991.48; Item 81: Acc. 1991.55; Item 82: 1992.23; Item 83: Acc.1998.82; Item 84: Acc.2006.26;","Acc.2011.371 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in June 2011.","This collection contains information about the College of William and Mary from the Eighteenth Century to the present. Included in the collection are faculty lecture notes from a variety of classes, scrapbooks, research notes, correspondence, textbooks used at the College of William and Mary, minute and account books, poetry books, student notebooks, a literary manual, and various other miscellaneous bound volumes.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary. General Cooperative Committee","Society of the Alumni","William and Mary Quarterly","College of William and Mary.","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Chemistry","College of William and Mary. Dept. of English","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Government","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Home Economics","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Theatre, Speech, and Dance","College of William and Mary. William and Mary Theatre","Marshall-Wythe School of Law","Student Organizations--Dramatic Club","Student Publications--William and Mary Literary Magazine","Belk, George Washington, III","Bolling, Maurice Landon","Catron, Louis E.","Childress, Cecil Marcia","Croghan, John, 1790-1849","Dew, Thomas R. (Thomas Roderick), 1802-1846","Garrett, Robert M., 1807-1885","Griffin, James Lewis Corbin, 1814-1878","Hackley, William Randolph","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Jones, Warner Throckmorton","Key, Francis Scott, 1779-1843","Koontz, Amos Ralph, 1890-1965","Maddox, William Arthur","Mercer, Hugh T.W.","Millington, John, 1779-1868","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937","Preston, William","Rogers, William Barton, 1804-1882","Ryland, Archie Garnett","Scarburgh, George Parker","Smith, John Augustine, 1782-1865","Taliaferro, Edwin, 1835-1867","Taliaferro, William Booth","Taliaferro, William R., Jr.","Taylor, John Herbert","Taylor, Waller","Topping, Katheryn M.","Warren, William H.","Wise, George Douglas","Wright, Ernest L.","White, Irving H. (Professor)","Madison, James, 1749-1812","English French"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 15","/repositories/2/resources/851"],"normalized_title_ssm":["University Archives Bound Volumes Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["University Archives Bound Volumes Collection"],"collection_ssim":["University Archives Bound Volumes Collection"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Belk, George Washington, III","Bolling, Maurice Landon","Catron, Louis E.","Childress, Cecil Marcia","College of William and Mary. General Cooperative Committee","Croghan, John, 1790-1849","Dew, Thomas R. (Thomas Roderick), 1802-1846","Garrett, Robert M., 1807-1885","Griffin, James Lewis Corbin, 1814-1878","Hackley, William Randolph","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Jones, Warner Throckmorton","Key, Francis Scott, 1779-1843","Koontz, Amos Ralph, 1890-1965","Maddox, William Arthur","Mercer, Hugh T.W.","Millington, John, 1779-1868","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937","Preston, William","Rogers, William Barton, 1804-1882","Ryland, Archie Garnett","Scarburgh, George Parker","Smith, John Augustine, 1782-1865","Society of the Alumni","Taliaferro, Edwin, 1835-1867","Taliaferro, William Booth","Taliaferro, William R., Jr.","Taylor, John Herbert","Taylor, Waller","Topping, Katheryn M.","Warren, William H.","William and Mary Quarterly","Wise, George Douglas","Wright, Ernest L.","White, Irving H. (Professor)","White, Irving H. (Professor)"],"creator_ssim":["Belk, George Washington, III","Bolling, Maurice Landon","Catron, Louis E.","Childress, Cecil Marcia","College of William and Mary. General Cooperative Committee","Croghan, John, 1790-1849","Dew, Thomas R. (Thomas Roderick), 1802-1846","Garrett, Robert M., 1807-1885","Griffin, James Lewis Corbin, 1814-1878","Hackley, William Randolph","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Jones, Warner Throckmorton","Key, Francis Scott, 1779-1843","Koontz, Amos Ralph, 1890-1965","Maddox, William Arthur","Mercer, Hugh T.W.","Millington, John, 1779-1868","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937","Preston, William","Rogers, William Barton, 1804-1882","Ryland, Archie Garnett","Scarburgh, George Parker","Smith, John Augustine, 1782-1865","Society of the Alumni","Taliaferro, Edwin, 1835-1867","Taliaferro, William Booth","Taliaferro, William R., Jr.","Taylor, John Herbert","Taylor, Waller","Topping, Katheryn M.","Warren, William H.","William and Mary Quarterly","Wise, George Douglas","Wright, Ernest L.","White, Irving H. (Professor)","White, Irving H. (Professor)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Belk, George Washington, III","Bolling, Maurice Landon","Catron, Louis E.","Childress, Cecil Marcia","Croghan, John, 1790-1849","Dew, Thomas R. (Thomas Roderick), 1802-1846","Garrett, Robert M., 1807-1885","Griffin, James Lewis Corbin, 1814-1878","Hackley, William Randolph","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Jones, Warner Throckmorton","Key, Francis Scott, 1779-1843","Koontz, Amos Ralph, 1890-1965","Maddox, William Arthur","Mercer, Hugh T.W.","Millington, John, 1779-1868","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937","Preston, William","Rogers, William Barton, 1804-1882","Ryland, Archie Garnett","Scarburgh, George Parker","Smith, John Augustine, 1782-1865","Taliaferro, Edwin, 1835-1867","Taliaferro, William Booth","Taliaferro, William R., Jr.","Taylor, John Herbert","Taylor, Waller","Topping, Katheryn M.","Warren, William H.","Wise, George Douglas","Wright, Ernest L.","White, Irving H. (Professor)","White, Irving H. (Professor)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["College of William and Mary. General Cooperative Committee","Society of the Alumni","William and Mary Quarterly"],"creators_ssim":["Belk, George Washington, III","Bolling, Maurice Landon","Catron, Louis E.","Childress, Cecil Marcia","Croghan, John, 1790-1849","Dew, Thomas R. (Thomas Roderick), 1802-1846","Garrett, Robert M., 1807-1885","Griffin, James Lewis Corbin, 1814-1878","Hackley, William Randolph","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Jones, Warner Throckmorton","Key, Francis Scott, 1779-1843","Koontz, Amos Ralph, 1890-1965","Maddox, William Arthur","Mercer, Hugh T.W.","Millington, John, 1779-1868","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937","Preston, William","Rogers, William Barton, 1804-1882","Ryland, Archie Garnett","Scarburgh, George Parker","Smith, John Augustine, 1782-1865","Taliaferro, Edwin, 1835-1867","Taliaferro, William Booth","Taliaferro, William R., Jr.","Taylor, John Herbert","Taylor, Waller","Topping, Katheryn M.","Warren, William H.","Wise, George Douglas","Wright, Ernest L.","White, Irving H. (Professor)","White, Irving H. (Professor)","College of William and Mary. General Cooperative Committee","Society of the Alumni","William and Mary Quarterly"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acc. 1930-115 gift was received on 12/1/1930. Acc. 1980.19 gift of Dorothy Terrill Smithey via Frankie Martens on 10/5/1979; Acc. 1981.036 purchased 4/6/1938; Acc. 1981.044 received on 12/1/1922 as accession 1922-18; Acc. 1981.045 received on 5/17/1939 as accession 1939-143; Acc. 1981.047 purchased 10/28/1940 (accession 1940-291) transferred to University Archives 4/24/1981; Acc. 1981.050 gift of Mrs. Henry Sanders prior to 4/24/1981; Acc. 1981.65 received prior to 4/24/1981; Acc. 1981.66 received prior to 4/24/1981; Acc. 1981.67 received prior to 4/24/1981; Acc. 1983.001 - Acc. 1983.005 gift of Maxwell Alexander, Jr. on 1/22/1983; Acc. 1983.17 received by the College in October 1957 and transferred to the University Archives sometime before May 1983; Acc. 1983.99 was received on 10/15/1941; Acc. 1986.031- Acc. 1986.033 gifts of John McKnight on 7/15/1986; Acc. 1988.097 gift of Mr. and Mrs. Terry Meyers on 8/2/1988; Acc. 1992.023 gift of William H. Warren during 5/1992; Acc. 2007.041 was purchased via eBay prior to 2007. Acquisition information for material received after 7/13/2009 is available by consulting a Special Collections Research Center staff member."],"access_subjects_ssim":["American poetry--19th century","Athletics","College of William and Mary--History--18th century","College of William and Mary--History--19th century","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","College of William and Mary--Students","College sports--United States--History--20th century","Curriculum","Lecture notes","Natural and Experimental Philosophy","President's House (Williamsburg, Va.)","Student Government","Student Plays","Textbooks","World War, 1939-1945","Class materials","Minutes","Notebooks","Plays (document genre)","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["American poetry--19th century","Athletics","College of William and Mary--History--18th century","College of William and Mary--History--19th century","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","College of William and Mary--Students","College sports--United States--History--20th century","Curriculum","Lecture notes","Natural and Experimental Philosophy","President's House (Williamsburg, Va.)","Student Government","Student Plays","Textbooks","World War, 1939-1945","Class materials","Minutes","Notebooks","Plays (document genre)","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.40 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["8.40 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Class materials","Minutes","Notebooks","Plays (document genre)","Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe University Archives adds material to this collection on an ongoing basis as needed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals:"],"accruals_tesim":["The University Archives adds material to this collection on an ongoing basis as needed."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged by volume number.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged by volume number."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Balk was a William and Mary student from 1948-1952.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["George Balk was a William and Mary student from 1948-1952."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItem 1: Acc. 1981.36; Item 2: Acc. 1981.37; Item 3: Acc. 1981.38; Item 4: Acc. 1981.39; Item 5: Acc. 1981.40; Item 6: acc. 1981.41;  Item 7: Acc. 1981.42; Item 8: Acc. 1981.43; Item 9: Acc. 1981.44; Item 10: Acc. 1981.45; Item 11: Acc.1981.46; Item 12: Acc. 1981.47; Item 13: Acc. 1981.48; Item 14: Scc. 1981.49; Item 15: Acc. 1981.50; Item 16: Acc. 1981.51; Item 17: Acc. 1981.52; Item 18: Acc. 1981.53; Item 20: Acc. 1981.55; Item 21: Acc. 1981.56; Item 22: Acc. 1981.57; Item 23: Acc. 1981.58; Item 24: Acc. 1980.19; Item 25: Acc. 1981.59; Item 27: Acc.1981.60; Item 28: Acc. 1981.61; Item 29: Acc. 1981.64; Item 30: Acc. 1981.63; Item 31: Acc. 1981.64; Item 33: Acc. 1981.66; Item 35: Acc. 1980.45;  Item 37: Acc.1981.68; Item 39: Acc. 1983.19; Item 40: Acc.1983.1; Item 41: Acc.1983.2; Item 42: Acc.1983.3; Item 43: Acc.1983.4; Item 44: Acc.1983.5; Item 45: Acc. 1983.130; Item 47: Acc. 1979.28; Item 49: Acc. 1981.34; Item 50: Acc. 1983.12; Item 51: Acc. 1983.99; Item 52: Acc. 1983.114; Item 53: Acc. 1983.135; Item 54: Acc. 1983.136; Item 55: Acc. 1984.1; Item 56: Acc. 1984.2; Item 57: Acc. 1983.42; Item 58: Acc. 1984.8; Item 62: Acc. 1985.017; Item 63: Acc. 1985.018; Item 64: Acc. 1985.20; Item 65: Acc. 1985.47; Item 66: Acc. 1985.55; Item 67: Acc. 1986.31; Item 68: Acc. 1986.32; Item 69: Acc. 1986.33; Item 70: Acc. 1987.063; item 71: Acc. 1987.064; Item 72: Acc. 1987.065; Item 73: Acc. 1987.066; Item 74: Acc. 1987.82; Item 75: Acc. 1987.83; Item 76: Acc.1988.82; Item 77: Acc. 1988.97; Item 78: Acc. 1988.100; Item 79: Acc. 1989.148; Item 80: Acc.1991.48; Item 81: Acc. 1991.55; Item 82: 1992.23; Item 83: Acc.1998.82; Item 84: Acc.2006.26;\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History:"],"custodhist_tesim":["Item 1: Acc. 1981.36; Item 2: Acc. 1981.37; Item 3: Acc. 1981.38; Item 4: Acc. 1981.39; Item 5: Acc. 1981.40; Item 6: acc. 1981.41;  Item 7: Acc. 1981.42; Item 8: Acc. 1981.43; Item 9: Acc. 1981.44; Item 10: Acc. 1981.45; Item 11: Acc.1981.46; Item 12: Acc. 1981.47; Item 13: Acc. 1981.48; Item 14: Scc. 1981.49; Item 15: Acc. 1981.50; Item 16: Acc. 1981.51; Item 17: Acc. 1981.52; Item 18: Acc. 1981.53; Item 20: Acc. 1981.55; Item 21: Acc. 1981.56; Item 22: Acc. 1981.57; Item 23: Acc. 1981.58; Item 24: Acc. 1980.19; Item 25: Acc. 1981.59; Item 27: Acc.1981.60; Item 28: Acc. 1981.61; Item 29: Acc. 1981.64; Item 30: Acc. 1981.63; Item 31: Acc. 1981.64; Item 33: Acc. 1981.66; Item 35: Acc. 1980.45;  Item 37: Acc.1981.68; Item 39: Acc. 1983.19; Item 40: Acc.1983.1; Item 41: Acc.1983.2; Item 42: Acc.1983.3; Item 43: Acc.1983.4; Item 44: Acc.1983.5; Item 45: Acc. 1983.130; Item 47: Acc. 1979.28; Item 49: Acc. 1981.34; Item 50: Acc. 1983.12; Item 51: Acc. 1983.99; Item 52: Acc. 1983.114; Item 53: Acc. 1983.135; Item 54: Acc. 1983.136; Item 55: Acc. 1984.1; Item 56: Acc. 1984.2; Item 57: Acc. 1983.42; Item 58: Acc. 1984.8; Item 62: Acc. 1985.017; Item 63: Acc. 1985.018; Item 64: Acc. 1985.20; Item 65: Acc. 1985.47; Item 66: Acc. 1985.55; Item 67: Acc. 1986.31; Item 68: Acc. 1986.32; Item 69: Acc. 1986.33; Item 70: Acc. 1987.063; item 71: Acc. 1987.064; Item 72: Acc. 1987.065; Item 73: Acc. 1987.066; Item 74: Acc. 1987.82; Item 75: Acc. 1987.83; Item 76: Acc.1988.82; Item 77: Acc. 1988.97; Item 78: Acc. 1988.100; Item 79: Acc. 1989.148; Item 80: Acc.1991.48; Item 81: Acc. 1991.55; Item 82: 1992.23; Item 83: Acc.1998.82; Item 84: Acc.2006.26;"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUniversity Archives Bound Volumes Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["University Archives Bound Volumes Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAcc.2011.371 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in June 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Acc.2011.371 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in June 2011."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains information about the College of William and Mary from the Eighteenth Century to the present. Included in the collection are faculty lecture notes from a variety of classes, scrapbooks, research notes, correspondence, textbooks used at the College of William and Mary, minute and account books, poetry books, student notebooks, a literary manual, and various other miscellaneous bound volumes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains information about the College of William and Mary from the Eighteenth Century to the present. Included in the collection are faculty lecture notes from a variety of classes, scrapbooks, research notes, correspondence, textbooks used at the College of William and Mary, minute and account books, poetry books, student notebooks, a literary manual, and various other miscellaneous bound volumes."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary.","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Chemistry","College of William and Mary. Dept. of English","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Government","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Home Economics","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Theatre, Speech, and Dance","College of William and Mary. William and Mary Theatre","Marshall-Wythe School of Law","Student Organizations--Dramatic Club","Student Publications--William and Mary Literary Magazine","Madison, James, 1749-1812","White, Irving H. (Professor)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary. General Cooperative Committee","Society of the Alumni","William and Mary Quarterly","College of William and Mary.","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Chemistry","College of William and Mary. Dept. of English","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Government","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Home Economics","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Theatre, Speech, and Dance","College of William and Mary. William and Mary Theatre","Marshall-Wythe School of Law","Student Organizations--Dramatic Club","Student Publications--William and Mary Literary Magazine","Belk, George Washington, III","Bolling, Maurice Landon","Catron, Louis E.","Childress, Cecil Marcia","Croghan, John, 1790-1849","Dew, Thomas R. (Thomas Roderick), 1802-1846","Garrett, Robert M., 1807-1885","Griffin, James Lewis Corbin, 1814-1878","Hackley, William Randolph","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Jones, Warner Throckmorton","Key, Francis Scott, 1779-1843","Koontz, Amos Ralph, 1890-1965","Maddox, William Arthur","Mercer, Hugh T.W.","Millington, John, 1779-1868","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937","Preston, William","Rogers, William Barton, 1804-1882","Ryland, Archie Garnett","Scarburgh, George Parker","Smith, John Augustine, 1782-1865","Taliaferro, Edwin, 1835-1867","Taliaferro, William Booth","Taliaferro, William R., Jr.","Taylor, John Herbert","Taylor, Waller","Topping, Katheryn M.","Warren, William H.","Wise, George Douglas","Wright, Ernest L.","White, Irving H. (Professor)","Madison, James, 1749-1812"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary. General Cooperative Committee","Society of the Alumni","William and Mary Quarterly","College of William and Mary.","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Chemistry","College of William and Mary. Dept. of English","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Government","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Home Economics","College of William and Mary. Dept. of Theatre, Speech, and Dance","College of William and Mary. William and Mary Theatre","Marshall-Wythe School of Law","Student Organizations--Dramatic Club","Student Publications--William and Mary Literary Magazine"],"persname_ssim":["Belk, George Washington, III","Bolling, Maurice Landon","Catron, Louis E.","Childress, Cecil Marcia","Croghan, John, 1790-1849","Dew, Thomas R. (Thomas Roderick), 1802-1846","Garrett, Robert M., 1807-1885","Griffin, James Lewis Corbin, 1814-1878","Hackley, William Randolph","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Jones, Warner Throckmorton","Key, Francis Scott, 1779-1843","Koontz, Amos Ralph, 1890-1965","Maddox, William Arthur","Mercer, Hugh T.W.","Millington, John, 1779-1868","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937","Preston, William","Rogers, William Barton, 1804-1882","Ryland, Archie Garnett","Scarburgh, George Parker","Smith, John Augustine, 1782-1865","Taliaferro, Edwin, 1835-1867","Taliaferro, William Booth","Taliaferro, William R., Jr.","Taylor, John Herbert","Taylor, Waller","Topping, Katheryn M.","Warren, William H.","Wise, George Douglas","Wright, Ernest L.","White, Irving H. (Professor)","Madison, James, 1749-1812"],"language_ssim":["English French"],"total_component_count_is":106,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:33:44.598Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_851_c13_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03_c353","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Vols. 9011-9035","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03_c353#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03_c353","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03_c353"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03_c353","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Pocahontas Mines Collection","Series III. Books"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Pocahontas Mines Collection","Series III. Books"],"text":["Pocahontas Mines Collection","Series III. Books","Vols. 9011-9035","box B42","(15 vols.)"],"title_filing_ssi":"Vols. 9011-9035","title_ssm":["Vols. 9011-9035"],"title_tesim":["Vols. 9011-9035"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1945-1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1945/1956"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Vols. 9011-9035"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":2119,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research. A few files are restricted for confidentiality, and these are identified in the inventory."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"containers_ssim":["box B42"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e(15 vols.)\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["(15 vols.)"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#352","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:26:52.383Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3408.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Pocahontas Mines Collection","title_ssm":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"title_tesim":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1883-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1883-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2004.002"],"text":["Ms.2004.002","Pocahontas Mines Collection","Tazewell County (Va.)","Virginia","West Virginia","Coal mines and mining","The collection is open for research. A few files are restricted for confidentiality, and these are identified in the inventory.","Digital copies of items in Series I, Scanned Rolls are available.  An inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.  Please contact Special Collections and University Archives to request a copy of an image.","Several items in the collection were deaccessioned: a slip screen, assorted hardware and pencils, paper wrappers and sleeves, blank forms, blank columnar pads, blank substitution cards, blank hardback maps, and blank ledgers.","The Pocahontas Mines Collection is divided into series based on material type:","Series I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992 \nSeries II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997 \nSeries III. Books, 1914-1995 \nSeries IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993","Named for its proximity to Pocahontas, Virginia, and Great Flat Top Mountain in West Virginia, the Pocahontas Coalfield or Flat Top-Pocahontas Coalfield spans 900 square miles along the Virginia-West Virginia border. Discovered in the mid-1800s, the coalfield was eventually mined in the 1860s, when local blacksmith Jordan Nelson started selling coal from his land. Cartographer Jedidiah Hotchkiss began boasting about the coalfield in his publications, and he engaged Isaiah A. Welch to survey the resources in the area. ","In 1876, Hotchkiss had the coal exhibited at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition by Thomas Graham, who banded several Philadelphia businessmen together to exploit the resources of the coalfield. They expanded the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad (later Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway) to transport coal out of the coalfield, established the Flat-Top Trust (later Flat-Top Coal Land Association) to manage land holdings, and formed the Southwest Virginia Improvement Company (later Pocahontas Colleries Company) to develop mining operations.","In 1882, the town of Pocahontas, Virginia, was founded to support the mining operations, and the first mine in the coalfield was opened to Pocahontas Seam #3 (now known as Pocahontas Mine No. 1 or Baby Mine). A number of competing mining and land companies developed in the 1880s around the Pocahontas Coalfield. John Cooper formed the Mill Creek Coal \u0026 Coke Company in 1884, J.P. Bowen founded the Booth-Bowen Coal \u0026 Coke Company, and William McQuail operated the Turkey Gap Coal \u0026 Coke Company. Jenkin Jones established the Pocahontas Consolidated Collieries Company, Inc. of West Virginia (later Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc.), by merging the Pocahontas Colleries Company and other companies together in 1907.","In 1901, the Flat-Top Coal Land Association, a subsidiary of Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, reorganized as the Pocahontas Coal \u0026 Coke Company of New Jersey. The next year, the Railway leased land to U.S. Steel in a deal granting it acreage to form the United States Coal \u0026 Coke Company at Gary, West Virginia. In 1939, Pocahontas Coal \u0026 Coke became Pocahontas Land Corporation, chartered in Virginia, and, in 1977, the company chartered the Pocahontas Kentucky Corporation (later Pocahontas Development Corporation). In 1982, Norfolk \u0026 Western merged with the Southern Railway to become Norfolk Southern.","In 1860, several Maryland coal operators merged their companies into the Consolidation Coal Company. The company began mining operations in West Virginia when it acquired the Fairmont Coal Company in 1903. After further expansion, Consolidation Coal merged with the Pittsburgh Coal Company into the Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company in 1945. In 1956, the company acquired the Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc., and in 1991, DuPont Energy and RWE A.G. acquired and changed the company's name to CONSOL Energy, Inc.","Sources Bailey, Kenneth R. \"Pocahontas Land Corporation.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1877 . CONSOL Energy Inc. \"Our History.\" Accessed November 2014.  http://www.consolenergy.com/about/our-history .
 McGehee, C. Stuart. \"Pocahontas No. 3 Coal Seam.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1880 . McGehee, C. Stuart. \"U.S. Coal \u0026 Coke Company.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/844 . McGehee, Stuart, and Eva McGuire.  A Century of Stewardship: The History of Pocahontas Land Corporation . Bluefield, WV: Pocahontas Land Corporation, [2001].
 \"Pocahontas Mine No. 1.\" National Register Information System ID #94001651, National Register of Historic Places, Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=031d4c80-95d8-49ae-b10a-dcc828d079f7 . Wikipedia. \"Consol Energy.\" Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consol_Energy . Wikipedia. \"Pocahontas Fuel Company Store and Office Buildings.\" Accessed November 2016.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_Fuel_Company_Store_and_Office_Buildings .
","The guide to the Pocahontas Mines Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Pocahontas Mines Collection was completed in 2018. The historical note and sources were revised in 2021. Additional ledgers were integrated in November 2023.","VT Special Collections and University Archives maintains several collections from related coal mining companies and the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway.","The  Archives \u0026 Special Collections in the University of Pittsburgh Library System  has two collections from CONSOL Energy Inc. related to mining operations in Pennsylvania,  CONSOL Energy, Inc. Mine Maps and Records, 1857-2010, AIS.1991.16  and  Consolidation Coal Company Records, 1854-1971, AIS.2011.03 .","The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. ","The collection is divided into four series based on type: I. Scanned rolls, II. Unscanned rolls and documents, III. Books, and IV. Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys. ","Series I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992, contain 3475 maps in 261 boxes, totaling approximately 135 cu. ft. Most of these rolls are mining or mine survey maps, and when possible, the maps are identified with title, company, coalbed, mine name, county, state, USGS quadrangle, dates, and notes. Related scanned rolls are identified by CON number, and some related items are unscanned and identified in Series II. The items in this series have been scanned, and their digital file ids are the CON# (e.g. CON1_1 or CON3209) assigned by the DMME. Some maps also have OSM Doc, MSHA, and/or USBM numbers.","Please note: An inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.  Please contact Special Collections to request a copy of an image.","Series II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997, contains 464 boxes, totaling approximately 360 cu. ft. Most rolls are mining and topo maps, mechanical and architectural drawings, and photographs that have not been scanned. Some rolls may be duplicates, very similar to, or of the same mine/area as scanned maps in Series I and are noted when possible by identifying the CON digital file number (e.g. \"similar to CON2501\" or \"see also CON153\").","Series III. Books, 1914-1995, contains 2940 vols. in 62 boxes, totaling 64.48 cu. ft. It consists of mainly field notebooks from mine surveys and some related papers for surveys. There are publications in boxes B61 and B62.","Series IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993, contains 42 boxes, totaling 45.02 cu. ft. It primarily consists of survey record books (not field notebooks). Many record \"Survey By\", \"Traverse by\", Notebook No., Page No., Station, Azimuth, Reduced Vernier, Cosine, Horizontal Distances, Sine, Latitude (North and South), Departure (East and West), Sums of Latitude (N\u0026S) and of Departure (E\u0026W), Remarks.  N.B.:  TT looks like pi sometimes.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. The collection is divided into four series based on type: Scanned rolls, Unscanned rolls and documents, Books, and Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2004.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Tazewell County (Va.)","Virginia","West Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Tazewell County (Va.)","Virginia","West Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"creator_ssim":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"creators_ssim":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"places_ssim":["Tazewell County (Va.)","Virginia","West Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Pocahontas Mines Collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives between 2004 and 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Coal mines and mining"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Coal mines and mining"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["ca. 605 Cubic Feet 802 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["ca. 605 Cubic Feet 802 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research. A few files are restricted for confidentiality, and these are identified in the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research. A few files are restricted for confidentiality, and these are identified in the inventory."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital copies of items in Series I, Scanned Rolls are available. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1lKo9SV53oqtCRUOmOZiCQSyYeYYuFIZ79dIKyw9uyEs/edit?usp=sharing\"\u003eAn inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.\u003c/a\u003e Please contact Special Collections and University Archives to request a copy of an image.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digital copies of items in Series I, Scanned Rolls are available.  An inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.  Please contact Special Collections and University Archives to request a copy of an image."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeveral items in the collection were deaccessioned: a slip screen, assorted hardware and pencils, paper wrappers and sleeves, blank forms, blank columnar pads, blank substitution cards, blank hardback maps, and blank ledgers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Several items in the collection were deaccessioned: a slip screen, assorted hardware and pencils, paper wrappers and sleeves, blank forms, blank columnar pads, blank substitution cards, blank hardback maps, and blank ledgers."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Pocahontas Mines Collection is divided into series based on material type:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries III. Books, 1914-1995\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Pocahontas Mines Collection is divided into series based on material type:","Series I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992 \nSeries II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997 \nSeries III. Books, 1914-1995 \nSeries IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNamed for its proximity to Pocahontas, Virginia, and Great Flat Top Mountain in West Virginia, the Pocahontas Coalfield or Flat Top-Pocahontas Coalfield spans 900 square miles along the Virginia-West Virginia border. Discovered in the mid-1800s, the coalfield was eventually mined in the 1860s, when local blacksmith Jordan Nelson started selling coal from his land. Cartographer Jedidiah Hotchkiss began boasting about the coalfield in his publications, and he engaged Isaiah A. Welch to survey the resources in the area. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1876, Hotchkiss had the coal exhibited at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition by Thomas Graham, who banded several Philadelphia businessmen together to exploit the resources of the coalfield. They expanded the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railroad (later Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway) to transport coal out of the coalfield, established the Flat-Top Trust (later Flat-Top Coal Land Association) to manage land holdings, and formed the Southwest Virginia Improvement Company (later Pocahontas Colleries Company) to develop mining operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1882, the town of Pocahontas, Virginia, was founded to support the mining operations, and the first mine in the coalfield was opened to Pocahontas Seam #3 (now known as Pocahontas Mine No. 1 or Baby Mine). A number of competing mining and land companies developed in the 1880s around the Pocahontas Coalfield. John Cooper formed the Mill Creek Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company in 1884, J.P. Bowen founded the Booth-Bowen Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company, and William McQuail operated the Turkey Gap Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company. Jenkin Jones established the Pocahontas Consolidated Collieries Company, Inc. of West Virginia (later Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc.), by merging the Pocahontas Colleries Company and other companies together in 1907.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1901, the Flat-Top Coal Land Association, a subsidiary of Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway, reorganized as the Pocahontas Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company of New Jersey. The next year, the Railway leased land to U.S. Steel in a deal granting it acreage to form the United States Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company at Gary, West Virginia. In 1939, Pocahontas Coal \u0026amp; Coke became Pocahontas Land Corporation, chartered in Virginia, and, in 1977, the company chartered the Pocahontas Kentucky Corporation (later Pocahontas Development Corporation). In 1982, Norfolk \u0026amp; Western merged with the Southern Railway to become Norfolk Southern.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1860, several Maryland coal operators merged their companies into the Consolidation Coal Company. The company began mining operations in West Virginia when it acquired the Fairmont Coal Company in 1903. After further expansion, Consolidation Coal merged with the Pittsburgh Coal Company into the Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company in 1945. In 1956, the company acquired the Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc., and in 1991, DuPont Energy and RWE A.G. acquired and changed the company's name to CONSOL Energy, Inc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSources\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBailey, Kenneth R. \"Pocahontas Land Corporation.\" \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe West Virginia Encyclopedia\u003c/title\u003e. Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1877\"\u003ehttps://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1877\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCONSOL Energy Inc. \"Our History.\" Accessed November 2014. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.consolenergy.com/about/our-history\"\u003ehttp://www.consolenergy.com/about/our-history\u003c/a\u003e.
\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMcGehee, C. Stuart. \"Pocahontas No. 3 Coal Seam.\" \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe West Virginia Encyclopedia\u003c/title\u003e. Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1880\"\u003ehttps://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1880\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMcGehee, C. Stuart. \"U.S. Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company.\" \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe West Virginia Encyclopedia\u003c/title\u003e. Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/844\"\u003ehttps://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/844\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMcGehee, Stuart, and Eva McGuire. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eA Century of Stewardship: The History of Pocahontas Land Corporation\u003c/title\u003e. Bluefield, WV: Pocahontas Land Corporation, [2001].
\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\"Pocahontas Mine No. 1.\" National Register Information System ID #94001651, National Register of Historic Places, Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=031d4c80-95d8-49ae-b10a-dcc828d079f7\"\u003ehttps://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=031d4c80-95d8-49ae-b10a-dcc828d079f7\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eWikipedia. \"Consol Energy.\" Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consol_Energy\"\u003ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consol_Energy\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eWikipedia. \"Pocahontas Fuel Company Store and Office Buildings.\" Accessed November 2016. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_Fuel_Company_Store_and_Office_Buildings\"\u003ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_Fuel_Company_Store_and_Office_Buildings\u003c/a\u003e.
\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Named for its proximity to Pocahontas, Virginia, and Great Flat Top Mountain in West Virginia, the Pocahontas Coalfield or Flat Top-Pocahontas Coalfield spans 900 square miles along the Virginia-West Virginia border. Discovered in the mid-1800s, the coalfield was eventually mined in the 1860s, when local blacksmith Jordan Nelson started selling coal from his land. Cartographer Jedidiah Hotchkiss began boasting about the coalfield in his publications, and he engaged Isaiah A. Welch to survey the resources in the area. ","In 1876, Hotchkiss had the coal exhibited at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition by Thomas Graham, who banded several Philadelphia businessmen together to exploit the resources of the coalfield. They expanded the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad (later Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway) to transport coal out of the coalfield, established the Flat-Top Trust (later Flat-Top Coal Land Association) to manage land holdings, and formed the Southwest Virginia Improvement Company (later Pocahontas Colleries Company) to develop mining operations.","In 1882, the town of Pocahontas, Virginia, was founded to support the mining operations, and the first mine in the coalfield was opened to Pocahontas Seam #3 (now known as Pocahontas Mine No. 1 or Baby Mine). A number of competing mining and land companies developed in the 1880s around the Pocahontas Coalfield. John Cooper formed the Mill Creek Coal \u0026 Coke Company in 1884, J.P. Bowen founded the Booth-Bowen Coal \u0026 Coke Company, and William McQuail operated the Turkey Gap Coal \u0026 Coke Company. Jenkin Jones established the Pocahontas Consolidated Collieries Company, Inc. of West Virginia (later Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc.), by merging the Pocahontas Colleries Company and other companies together in 1907.","In 1901, the Flat-Top Coal Land Association, a subsidiary of Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, reorganized as the Pocahontas Coal \u0026 Coke Company of New Jersey. The next year, the Railway leased land to U.S. Steel in a deal granting it acreage to form the United States Coal \u0026 Coke Company at Gary, West Virginia. In 1939, Pocahontas Coal \u0026 Coke became Pocahontas Land Corporation, chartered in Virginia, and, in 1977, the company chartered the Pocahontas Kentucky Corporation (later Pocahontas Development Corporation). In 1982, Norfolk \u0026 Western merged with the Southern Railway to become Norfolk Southern.","In 1860, several Maryland coal operators merged their companies into the Consolidation Coal Company. The company began mining operations in West Virginia when it acquired the Fairmont Coal Company in 1903. After further expansion, Consolidation Coal merged with the Pittsburgh Coal Company into the Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company in 1945. In 1956, the company acquired the Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc., and in 1991, DuPont Energy and RWE A.G. acquired and changed the company's name to CONSOL Energy, Inc.","Sources Bailey, Kenneth R. \"Pocahontas Land Corporation.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1877 . CONSOL Energy Inc. \"Our History.\" Accessed November 2014.  http://www.consolenergy.com/about/our-history .
 McGehee, C. Stuart. \"Pocahontas No. 3 Coal Seam.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1880 . McGehee, C. Stuart. \"U.S. Coal \u0026 Coke Company.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/844 . McGehee, Stuart, and Eva McGuire.  A Century of Stewardship: The History of Pocahontas Land Corporation . Bluefield, WV: Pocahontas Land Corporation, [2001].
 \"Pocahontas Mine No. 1.\" National Register Information System ID #94001651, National Register of Historic Places, Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=031d4c80-95d8-49ae-b10a-dcc828d079f7 . Wikipedia. \"Consol Energy.\" Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consol_Energy . Wikipedia. \"Pocahontas Fuel Company Store and Office Buildings.\" Accessed November 2016.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_Fuel_Company_Store_and_Office_Buildings .
"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Pocahontas Mines Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Pocahontas Mines Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Pocahontas Mines Collection, Ms2004-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Pocahontas Mines Collection, Ms2004-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Pocahontas Mines Collection was completed in 2018. The historical note and sources were revised in 2021. Additional ledgers were integrated in November 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Pocahontas Mines Collection was completed in 2018. The historical note and sources were revised in 2021. Additional ledgers were integrated in November 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVT Special Collections and University Archives maintains several collections from related coal mining companies and the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.library.pitt.edu/archives-special-collections\"\u003eArchives \u0026amp; Special Collections in the University of Pittsburgh Library System\u003c/a\u003e has two collections from CONSOL Energy Inc. related to mining operations in Pennsylvania, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digital.library.pitt.edu/islandora/object/pitt%3AUS-PPiU-ais199116/viewer\"\u003eCONSOL Energy, Inc. Mine Maps and Records, 1857-2010, AIS.1991.16\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digital.library.pitt.edu/islandora/object/pitt:US-PPiU-ais201103/viewer\"\u003eConsolidation Coal Company Records, 1854-1971, AIS.2011.03\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["VT Special Collections and University Archives maintains several collections from related coal mining companies and the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway.","The  Archives \u0026 Special Collections in the University of Pittsburgh Library System  has two collections from CONSOL Energy Inc. related to mining operations in Pennsylvania,  CONSOL Energy, Inc. Mine Maps and Records, 1857-2010, AIS.1991.16  and  Consolidation Coal Company Records, 1854-1971, AIS.2011.03 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into four series based on type: I. Scanned rolls, II. Unscanned rolls and documents, III. Books, and IV. Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992, contain 3475 maps in 261 boxes, totaling approximately 135 cu. ft. Most of these rolls are mining or mine survey maps, and when possible, the maps are identified with title, company, coalbed, mine name, county, state, USGS quadrangle, dates, and notes. Related scanned rolls are identified by CON number, and some related items are unscanned and identified in Series II. The items in this series have been scanned, and their digital file ids are the CON# (e.g. CON1_1 or CON3209) assigned by the DMME. Some maps also have OSM Doc, MSHA, and/or USBM numbers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1lKo9SV53oqtCRUOmOZiCQSyYeYYuFIZ79dIKyw9uyEs/edit?usp=sharing\"\u003eAn inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.\u003c/a\u003e Please contact Special Collections to request a copy of an image.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997, contains 464 boxes, totaling approximately 360 cu. ft. Most rolls are mining and topo maps, mechanical and architectural drawings, and photographs that have not been scanned. Some rolls may be duplicates, very similar to, or of the same mine/area as scanned maps in Series I and are noted when possible by identifying the CON digital file number (e.g. \"similar to CON2501\" or \"see also CON153\").\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Books, 1914-1995, contains 2940 vols. in 62 boxes, totaling 64.48 cu. ft. It consists of mainly field notebooks from mine surveys and some related papers for surveys. There are publications in boxes B61 and B62.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993, contains 42 boxes, totaling 45.02 cu. ft. It primarily consists of survey record books (not field notebooks). Many record \"Survey By\", \"Traverse by\", Notebook No., Page No., Station, Azimuth, Reduced Vernier, Cosine, Horizontal Distances, Sine, Latitude (North and South), Departure (East and West), Sums of Latitude (N\u0026amp;S) and of Departure (E\u0026amp;W), Remarks. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eN.B.:\u003c/emph\u003e TT looks like pi sometimes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. ","The collection is divided into four series based on type: I. Scanned rolls, II. Unscanned rolls and documents, III. Books, and IV. Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys. ","Series I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992, contain 3475 maps in 261 boxes, totaling approximately 135 cu. ft. Most of these rolls are mining or mine survey maps, and when possible, the maps are identified with title, company, coalbed, mine name, county, state, USGS quadrangle, dates, and notes. Related scanned rolls are identified by CON number, and some related items are unscanned and identified in Series II. The items in this series have been scanned, and their digital file ids are the CON# (e.g. CON1_1 or CON3209) assigned by the DMME. Some maps also have OSM Doc, MSHA, and/or USBM numbers.","Please note: An inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.  Please contact Special Collections to request a copy of an image.","Series II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997, contains 464 boxes, totaling approximately 360 cu. ft. Most rolls are mining and topo maps, mechanical and architectural drawings, and photographs that have not been scanned. Some rolls may be duplicates, very similar to, or of the same mine/area as scanned maps in Series I and are noted when possible by identifying the CON digital file number (e.g. \"similar to CON2501\" or \"see also CON153\").","Series III. Books, 1914-1995, contains 2940 vols. in 62 boxes, totaling 64.48 cu. ft. It consists of mainly field notebooks from mine surveys and some related papers for surveys. There are publications in boxes B61 and B62.","Series IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993, contains 42 boxes, totaling 45.02 cu. ft. It primarily consists of survey record books (not field notebooks). Many record \"Survey By\", \"Traverse by\", Notebook No., Page No., Station, Azimuth, Reduced Vernier, Cosine, Horizontal Distances, Sine, Latitude (North and South), Departure (East and West), Sums of Latitude (N\u0026S) and of Departure (E\u0026W), Remarks.  N.B.:  TT looks like pi sometimes."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_05df6dc8647f32fb0cccd4fb0e012461\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. The collection is divided into four series based on type: Scanned rolls, Unscanned rolls and documents, Books, and Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. The collection is divided into four series based on type: Scanned rolls, Unscanned rolls and documents, Books, and Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_ee2d1a6b6c2b2e5f072d0c6b7635b921\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2404,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:26:52.383Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03_c353"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03_c374","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Vols. 9036, 9038A, 9039A, 9039-9043","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03_c374#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03_c374","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03_c374"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03_c374","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Pocahontas Mines Collection","Series III. Books"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Pocahontas Mines Collection","Series III. Books"],"text":["Pocahontas Mines Collection","Series III. Books","Vols. 9036, 9038A, 9039A, 9039-9043","box B46","(8 ledgers)"],"title_filing_ssi":"Vols. 9036, 9038A, 9039A, 9039-9043","title_ssm":["Vols. 9036, 9038A, 9039A, 9039-9043"],"title_tesim":["Vols. 9036, 9038A, 9039A, 9039-9043"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1953-1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1953/1956"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Vols. 9036, 9038A, 9039A, 9039-9043"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":2140,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research. A few files are restricted for confidentiality, and these are identified in the inventory."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1953,1954,1955,1956],"containers_ssim":["box B46"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e(8 ledgers)\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["(8 ledgers)"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#373","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:26:52.383Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3408.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Pocahontas Mines Collection","title_ssm":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"title_tesim":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1883-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1883-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2004.002"],"text":["Ms.2004.002","Pocahontas Mines Collection","Tazewell County (Va.)","Virginia","West Virginia","Coal mines and mining","The collection is open for research. A few files are restricted for confidentiality, and these are identified in the inventory.","Digital copies of items in Series I, Scanned Rolls are available.  An inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.  Please contact Special Collections and University Archives to request a copy of an image.","Several items in the collection were deaccessioned: a slip screen, assorted hardware and pencils, paper wrappers and sleeves, blank forms, blank columnar pads, blank substitution cards, blank hardback maps, and blank ledgers.","The Pocahontas Mines Collection is divided into series based on material type:","Series I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992 \nSeries II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997 \nSeries III. Books, 1914-1995 \nSeries IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993","Named for its proximity to Pocahontas, Virginia, and Great Flat Top Mountain in West Virginia, the Pocahontas Coalfield or Flat Top-Pocahontas Coalfield spans 900 square miles along the Virginia-West Virginia border. Discovered in the mid-1800s, the coalfield was eventually mined in the 1860s, when local blacksmith Jordan Nelson started selling coal from his land. Cartographer Jedidiah Hotchkiss began boasting about the coalfield in his publications, and he engaged Isaiah A. Welch to survey the resources in the area. ","In 1876, Hotchkiss had the coal exhibited at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition by Thomas Graham, who banded several Philadelphia businessmen together to exploit the resources of the coalfield. They expanded the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad (later Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway) to transport coal out of the coalfield, established the Flat-Top Trust (later Flat-Top Coal Land Association) to manage land holdings, and formed the Southwest Virginia Improvement Company (later Pocahontas Colleries Company) to develop mining operations.","In 1882, the town of Pocahontas, Virginia, was founded to support the mining operations, and the first mine in the coalfield was opened to Pocahontas Seam #3 (now known as Pocahontas Mine No. 1 or Baby Mine). A number of competing mining and land companies developed in the 1880s around the Pocahontas Coalfield. John Cooper formed the Mill Creek Coal \u0026 Coke Company in 1884, J.P. Bowen founded the Booth-Bowen Coal \u0026 Coke Company, and William McQuail operated the Turkey Gap Coal \u0026 Coke Company. Jenkin Jones established the Pocahontas Consolidated Collieries Company, Inc. of West Virginia (later Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc.), by merging the Pocahontas Colleries Company and other companies together in 1907.","In 1901, the Flat-Top Coal Land Association, a subsidiary of Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, reorganized as the Pocahontas Coal \u0026 Coke Company of New Jersey. The next year, the Railway leased land to U.S. Steel in a deal granting it acreage to form the United States Coal \u0026 Coke Company at Gary, West Virginia. In 1939, Pocahontas Coal \u0026 Coke became Pocahontas Land Corporation, chartered in Virginia, and, in 1977, the company chartered the Pocahontas Kentucky Corporation (later Pocahontas Development Corporation). In 1982, Norfolk \u0026 Western merged with the Southern Railway to become Norfolk Southern.","In 1860, several Maryland coal operators merged their companies into the Consolidation Coal Company. The company began mining operations in West Virginia when it acquired the Fairmont Coal Company in 1903. After further expansion, Consolidation Coal merged with the Pittsburgh Coal Company into the Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company in 1945. In 1956, the company acquired the Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc., and in 1991, DuPont Energy and RWE A.G. acquired and changed the company's name to CONSOL Energy, Inc.","Sources Bailey, Kenneth R. \"Pocahontas Land Corporation.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1877 . CONSOL Energy Inc. \"Our History.\" Accessed November 2014.  http://www.consolenergy.com/about/our-history .
 McGehee, C. Stuart. \"Pocahontas No. 3 Coal Seam.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1880 . McGehee, C. Stuart. \"U.S. Coal \u0026 Coke Company.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/844 . McGehee, Stuart, and Eva McGuire.  A Century of Stewardship: The History of Pocahontas Land Corporation . Bluefield, WV: Pocahontas Land Corporation, [2001].
 \"Pocahontas Mine No. 1.\" National Register Information System ID #94001651, National Register of Historic Places, Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=031d4c80-95d8-49ae-b10a-dcc828d079f7 . Wikipedia. \"Consol Energy.\" Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consol_Energy . Wikipedia. \"Pocahontas Fuel Company Store and Office Buildings.\" Accessed November 2016.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_Fuel_Company_Store_and_Office_Buildings .
","The guide to the Pocahontas Mines Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Pocahontas Mines Collection was completed in 2018. The historical note and sources were revised in 2021. Additional ledgers were integrated in November 2023.","VT Special Collections and University Archives maintains several collections from related coal mining companies and the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway.","The  Archives \u0026 Special Collections in the University of Pittsburgh Library System  has two collections from CONSOL Energy Inc. related to mining operations in Pennsylvania,  CONSOL Energy, Inc. Mine Maps and Records, 1857-2010, AIS.1991.16  and  Consolidation Coal Company Records, 1854-1971, AIS.2011.03 .","The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. ","The collection is divided into four series based on type: I. Scanned rolls, II. Unscanned rolls and documents, III. Books, and IV. Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys. ","Series I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992, contain 3475 maps in 261 boxes, totaling approximately 135 cu. ft. Most of these rolls are mining or mine survey maps, and when possible, the maps are identified with title, company, coalbed, mine name, county, state, USGS quadrangle, dates, and notes. Related scanned rolls are identified by CON number, and some related items are unscanned and identified in Series II. The items in this series have been scanned, and their digital file ids are the CON# (e.g. CON1_1 or CON3209) assigned by the DMME. Some maps also have OSM Doc, MSHA, and/or USBM numbers.","Please note: An inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.  Please contact Special Collections to request a copy of an image.","Series II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997, contains 464 boxes, totaling approximately 360 cu. ft. Most rolls are mining and topo maps, mechanical and architectural drawings, and photographs that have not been scanned. Some rolls may be duplicates, very similar to, or of the same mine/area as scanned maps in Series I and are noted when possible by identifying the CON digital file number (e.g. \"similar to CON2501\" or \"see also CON153\").","Series III. Books, 1914-1995, contains 2940 vols. in 62 boxes, totaling 64.48 cu. ft. It consists of mainly field notebooks from mine surveys and some related papers for surveys. There are publications in boxes B61 and B62.","Series IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993, contains 42 boxes, totaling 45.02 cu. ft. It primarily consists of survey record books (not field notebooks). Many record \"Survey By\", \"Traverse by\", Notebook No., Page No., Station, Azimuth, Reduced Vernier, Cosine, Horizontal Distances, Sine, Latitude (North and South), Departure (East and West), Sums of Latitude (N\u0026S) and of Departure (E\u0026W), Remarks.  N.B.:  TT looks like pi sometimes.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. The collection is divided into four series based on type: Scanned rolls, Unscanned rolls and documents, Books, and Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2004.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Tazewell County (Va.)","Virginia","West Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Tazewell County (Va.)","Virginia","West Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"creator_ssim":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"creators_ssim":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"places_ssim":["Tazewell County (Va.)","Virginia","West Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Pocahontas Mines Collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives between 2004 and 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Coal mines and mining"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Coal mines and mining"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["ca. 605 Cubic Feet 802 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["ca. 605 Cubic Feet 802 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research. A few files are restricted for confidentiality, and these are identified in the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research. A few files are restricted for confidentiality, and these are identified in the inventory."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital copies of items in Series I, Scanned Rolls are available. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1lKo9SV53oqtCRUOmOZiCQSyYeYYuFIZ79dIKyw9uyEs/edit?usp=sharing\"\u003eAn inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.\u003c/a\u003e Please contact Special Collections and University Archives to request a copy of an image.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digital copies of items in Series I, Scanned Rolls are available.  An inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.  Please contact Special Collections and University Archives to request a copy of an image."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeveral items in the collection were deaccessioned: a slip screen, assorted hardware and pencils, paper wrappers and sleeves, blank forms, blank columnar pads, blank substitution cards, blank hardback maps, and blank ledgers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Several items in the collection were deaccessioned: a slip screen, assorted hardware and pencils, paper wrappers and sleeves, blank forms, blank columnar pads, blank substitution cards, blank hardback maps, and blank ledgers."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Pocahontas Mines Collection is divided into series based on material type:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries III. Books, 1914-1995\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Pocahontas Mines Collection is divided into series based on material type:","Series I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992 \nSeries II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997 \nSeries III. Books, 1914-1995 \nSeries IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNamed for its proximity to Pocahontas, Virginia, and Great Flat Top Mountain in West Virginia, the Pocahontas Coalfield or Flat Top-Pocahontas Coalfield spans 900 square miles along the Virginia-West Virginia border. Discovered in the mid-1800s, the coalfield was eventually mined in the 1860s, when local blacksmith Jordan Nelson started selling coal from his land. Cartographer Jedidiah Hotchkiss began boasting about the coalfield in his publications, and he engaged Isaiah A. Welch to survey the resources in the area. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1876, Hotchkiss had the coal exhibited at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition by Thomas Graham, who banded several Philadelphia businessmen together to exploit the resources of the coalfield. They expanded the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railroad (later Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway) to transport coal out of the coalfield, established the Flat-Top Trust (later Flat-Top Coal Land Association) to manage land holdings, and formed the Southwest Virginia Improvement Company (later Pocahontas Colleries Company) to develop mining operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1882, the town of Pocahontas, Virginia, was founded to support the mining operations, and the first mine in the coalfield was opened to Pocahontas Seam #3 (now known as Pocahontas Mine No. 1 or Baby Mine). A number of competing mining and land companies developed in the 1880s around the Pocahontas Coalfield. John Cooper formed the Mill Creek Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company in 1884, J.P. Bowen founded the Booth-Bowen Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company, and William McQuail operated the Turkey Gap Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company. Jenkin Jones established the Pocahontas Consolidated Collieries Company, Inc. of West Virginia (later Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc.), by merging the Pocahontas Colleries Company and other companies together in 1907.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1901, the Flat-Top Coal Land Association, a subsidiary of Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway, reorganized as the Pocahontas Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company of New Jersey. The next year, the Railway leased land to U.S. Steel in a deal granting it acreage to form the United States Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company at Gary, West Virginia. In 1939, Pocahontas Coal \u0026amp; Coke became Pocahontas Land Corporation, chartered in Virginia, and, in 1977, the company chartered the Pocahontas Kentucky Corporation (later Pocahontas Development Corporation). In 1982, Norfolk \u0026amp; Western merged with the Southern Railway to become Norfolk Southern.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1860, several Maryland coal operators merged their companies into the Consolidation Coal Company. The company began mining operations in West Virginia when it acquired the Fairmont Coal Company in 1903. After further expansion, Consolidation Coal merged with the Pittsburgh Coal Company into the Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company in 1945. In 1956, the company acquired the Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc., and in 1991, DuPont Energy and RWE A.G. acquired and changed the company's name to CONSOL Energy, Inc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSources\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBailey, Kenneth R. \"Pocahontas Land Corporation.\" \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe West Virginia Encyclopedia\u003c/title\u003e. Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1877\"\u003ehttps://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1877\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCONSOL Energy Inc. \"Our History.\" Accessed November 2014. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.consolenergy.com/about/our-history\"\u003ehttp://www.consolenergy.com/about/our-history\u003c/a\u003e.
\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMcGehee, C. Stuart. \"Pocahontas No. 3 Coal Seam.\" \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe West Virginia Encyclopedia\u003c/title\u003e. Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1880\"\u003ehttps://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1880\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMcGehee, C. Stuart. \"U.S. Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company.\" \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe West Virginia Encyclopedia\u003c/title\u003e. Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/844\"\u003ehttps://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/844\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMcGehee, Stuart, and Eva McGuire. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eA Century of Stewardship: The History of Pocahontas Land Corporation\u003c/title\u003e. Bluefield, WV: Pocahontas Land Corporation, [2001].
\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\"Pocahontas Mine No. 1.\" National Register Information System ID #94001651, National Register of Historic Places, Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=031d4c80-95d8-49ae-b10a-dcc828d079f7\"\u003ehttps://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=031d4c80-95d8-49ae-b10a-dcc828d079f7\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eWikipedia. \"Consol Energy.\" Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consol_Energy\"\u003ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consol_Energy\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eWikipedia. \"Pocahontas Fuel Company Store and Office Buildings.\" Accessed November 2016. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_Fuel_Company_Store_and_Office_Buildings\"\u003ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_Fuel_Company_Store_and_Office_Buildings\u003c/a\u003e.
\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Named for its proximity to Pocahontas, Virginia, and Great Flat Top Mountain in West Virginia, the Pocahontas Coalfield or Flat Top-Pocahontas Coalfield spans 900 square miles along the Virginia-West Virginia border. Discovered in the mid-1800s, the coalfield was eventually mined in the 1860s, when local blacksmith Jordan Nelson started selling coal from his land. Cartographer Jedidiah Hotchkiss began boasting about the coalfield in his publications, and he engaged Isaiah A. Welch to survey the resources in the area. ","In 1876, Hotchkiss had the coal exhibited at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition by Thomas Graham, who banded several Philadelphia businessmen together to exploit the resources of the coalfield. They expanded the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad (later Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway) to transport coal out of the coalfield, established the Flat-Top Trust (later Flat-Top Coal Land Association) to manage land holdings, and formed the Southwest Virginia Improvement Company (later Pocahontas Colleries Company) to develop mining operations.","In 1882, the town of Pocahontas, Virginia, was founded to support the mining operations, and the first mine in the coalfield was opened to Pocahontas Seam #3 (now known as Pocahontas Mine No. 1 or Baby Mine). A number of competing mining and land companies developed in the 1880s around the Pocahontas Coalfield. John Cooper formed the Mill Creek Coal \u0026 Coke Company in 1884, J.P. Bowen founded the Booth-Bowen Coal \u0026 Coke Company, and William McQuail operated the Turkey Gap Coal \u0026 Coke Company. Jenkin Jones established the Pocahontas Consolidated Collieries Company, Inc. of West Virginia (later Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc.), by merging the Pocahontas Colleries Company and other companies together in 1907.","In 1901, the Flat-Top Coal Land Association, a subsidiary of Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, reorganized as the Pocahontas Coal \u0026 Coke Company of New Jersey. The next year, the Railway leased land to U.S. Steel in a deal granting it acreage to form the United States Coal \u0026 Coke Company at Gary, West Virginia. In 1939, Pocahontas Coal \u0026 Coke became Pocahontas Land Corporation, chartered in Virginia, and, in 1977, the company chartered the Pocahontas Kentucky Corporation (later Pocahontas Development Corporation). In 1982, Norfolk \u0026 Western merged with the Southern Railway to become Norfolk Southern.","In 1860, several Maryland coal operators merged their companies into the Consolidation Coal Company. The company began mining operations in West Virginia when it acquired the Fairmont Coal Company in 1903. After further expansion, Consolidation Coal merged with the Pittsburgh Coal Company into the Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company in 1945. In 1956, the company acquired the Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc., and in 1991, DuPont Energy and RWE A.G. acquired and changed the company's name to CONSOL Energy, Inc.","Sources Bailey, Kenneth R. \"Pocahontas Land Corporation.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1877 . CONSOL Energy Inc. \"Our History.\" Accessed November 2014.  http://www.consolenergy.com/about/our-history .
 McGehee, C. Stuart. \"Pocahontas No. 3 Coal Seam.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1880 . McGehee, C. Stuart. \"U.S. Coal \u0026 Coke Company.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/844 . McGehee, Stuart, and Eva McGuire.  A Century of Stewardship: The History of Pocahontas Land Corporation . Bluefield, WV: Pocahontas Land Corporation, [2001].
 \"Pocahontas Mine No. 1.\" National Register Information System ID #94001651, National Register of Historic Places, Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=031d4c80-95d8-49ae-b10a-dcc828d079f7 . Wikipedia. \"Consol Energy.\" Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consol_Energy . Wikipedia. \"Pocahontas Fuel Company Store and Office Buildings.\" Accessed November 2016.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_Fuel_Company_Store_and_Office_Buildings .
"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Pocahontas Mines Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Pocahontas Mines Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Pocahontas Mines Collection, Ms2004-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Pocahontas Mines Collection, Ms2004-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Pocahontas Mines Collection was completed in 2018. The historical note and sources were revised in 2021. Additional ledgers were integrated in November 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Pocahontas Mines Collection was completed in 2018. The historical note and sources were revised in 2021. Additional ledgers were integrated in November 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVT Special Collections and University Archives maintains several collections from related coal mining companies and the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.library.pitt.edu/archives-special-collections\"\u003eArchives \u0026amp; Special Collections in the University of Pittsburgh Library System\u003c/a\u003e has two collections from CONSOL Energy Inc. related to mining operations in Pennsylvania, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digital.library.pitt.edu/islandora/object/pitt%3AUS-PPiU-ais199116/viewer\"\u003eCONSOL Energy, Inc. Mine Maps and Records, 1857-2010, AIS.1991.16\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digital.library.pitt.edu/islandora/object/pitt:US-PPiU-ais201103/viewer\"\u003eConsolidation Coal Company Records, 1854-1971, AIS.2011.03\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["VT Special Collections and University Archives maintains several collections from related coal mining companies and the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway.","The  Archives \u0026 Special Collections in the University of Pittsburgh Library System  has two collections from CONSOL Energy Inc. related to mining operations in Pennsylvania,  CONSOL Energy, Inc. Mine Maps and Records, 1857-2010, AIS.1991.16  and  Consolidation Coal Company Records, 1854-1971, AIS.2011.03 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into four series based on type: I. Scanned rolls, II. Unscanned rolls and documents, III. Books, and IV. Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992, contain 3475 maps in 261 boxes, totaling approximately 135 cu. ft. Most of these rolls are mining or mine survey maps, and when possible, the maps are identified with title, company, coalbed, mine name, county, state, USGS quadrangle, dates, and notes. Related scanned rolls are identified by CON number, and some related items are unscanned and identified in Series II. The items in this series have been scanned, and their digital file ids are the CON# (e.g. CON1_1 or CON3209) assigned by the DMME. Some maps also have OSM Doc, MSHA, and/or USBM numbers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1lKo9SV53oqtCRUOmOZiCQSyYeYYuFIZ79dIKyw9uyEs/edit?usp=sharing\"\u003eAn inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.\u003c/a\u003e Please contact Special Collections to request a copy of an image.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997, contains 464 boxes, totaling approximately 360 cu. ft. Most rolls are mining and topo maps, mechanical and architectural drawings, and photographs that have not been scanned. Some rolls may be duplicates, very similar to, or of the same mine/area as scanned maps in Series I and are noted when possible by identifying the CON digital file number (e.g. \"similar to CON2501\" or \"see also CON153\").\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Books, 1914-1995, contains 2940 vols. in 62 boxes, totaling 64.48 cu. ft. It consists of mainly field notebooks from mine surveys and some related papers for surveys. There are publications in boxes B61 and B62.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993, contains 42 boxes, totaling 45.02 cu. ft. It primarily consists of survey record books (not field notebooks). Many record \"Survey By\", \"Traverse by\", Notebook No., Page No., Station, Azimuth, Reduced Vernier, Cosine, Horizontal Distances, Sine, Latitude (North and South), Departure (East and West), Sums of Latitude (N\u0026amp;S) and of Departure (E\u0026amp;W), Remarks. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eN.B.:\u003c/emph\u003e TT looks like pi sometimes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. ","The collection is divided into four series based on type: I. Scanned rolls, II. Unscanned rolls and documents, III. Books, and IV. Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys. ","Series I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992, contain 3475 maps in 261 boxes, totaling approximately 135 cu. ft. Most of these rolls are mining or mine survey maps, and when possible, the maps are identified with title, company, coalbed, mine name, county, state, USGS quadrangle, dates, and notes. Related scanned rolls are identified by CON number, and some related items are unscanned and identified in Series II. The items in this series have been scanned, and their digital file ids are the CON# (e.g. CON1_1 or CON3209) assigned by the DMME. Some maps also have OSM Doc, MSHA, and/or USBM numbers.","Please note: An inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.  Please contact Special Collections to request a copy of an image.","Series II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997, contains 464 boxes, totaling approximately 360 cu. ft. Most rolls are mining and topo maps, mechanical and architectural drawings, and photographs that have not been scanned. Some rolls may be duplicates, very similar to, or of the same mine/area as scanned maps in Series I and are noted when possible by identifying the CON digital file number (e.g. \"similar to CON2501\" or \"see also CON153\").","Series III. Books, 1914-1995, contains 2940 vols. in 62 boxes, totaling 64.48 cu. ft. It consists of mainly field notebooks from mine surveys and some related papers for surveys. There are publications in boxes B61 and B62.","Series IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993, contains 42 boxes, totaling 45.02 cu. ft. It primarily consists of survey record books (not field notebooks). Many record \"Survey By\", \"Traverse by\", Notebook No., Page No., Station, Azimuth, Reduced Vernier, Cosine, Horizontal Distances, Sine, Latitude (North and South), Departure (East and West), Sums of Latitude (N\u0026S) and of Departure (E\u0026W), Remarks.  N.B.:  TT looks like pi sometimes."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_05df6dc8647f32fb0cccd4fb0e012461\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. The collection is divided into four series based on type: Scanned rolls, Unscanned rolls and documents, Books, and Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. The collection is divided into four series based on type: Scanned rolls, Unscanned rolls and documents, Books, and Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_ee2d1a6b6c2b2e5f072d0c6b7635b921\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2404,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:26:52.383Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408_c03_c374"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_1628_c02_c37","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"\"Voting Fraud\" - unknown publication","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_1628_c02_c37#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis is a clipping of an editorial published in an unknown newspaper. It argues that the U.S. President and Department of Justice should do more to protect the rights of Black citizens to vote.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_1628_c02_c37#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_1628_c02_c37","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_4_resources_1628_c02_c37"],"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_1628_c02_c37","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_1628","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_1628","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_1628_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_1628_c02","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_1628","viu_repositories_4_resources_1628_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_1628","viu_repositories_4_resources_1628_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Gregory H. Swanson papers","Civil rights subject file"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Gregory H. Swanson papers","Civil rights subject file"],"text":["Gregory H. Swanson papers","Civil rights subject file","\"Voting Fraud\" - unknown publication","box 2","folder 38","This is a clipping of an editorial published in an unknown newspaper. It argues that the U.S. President and Department of Justice should do more to protect the rights of Black citizens to vote.","The note \"Respond with letter\" is handwritten on the clipping."],"title_filing_ssi":"\"Voting Fraud\" - unknown publication","title_ssm":["\"Voting Fraud\" - unknown publication"],"title_tesim":["\"Voting Fraud\" - unknown publication"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1955"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1955"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"Voting Fraud\" - unknown publication"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Gregory H. Swanson papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":48,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions on access to the materials in this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Because of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the materials. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creators of the content that has not yet entered the public domain."],"date_range_isim":[1955],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 38"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a clipping of an editorial published in an unknown newspaper. It argues that the U.S. President and Department of Justice should do more to protect the rights of Black citizens to vote.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe note \"Respond with letter\" is handwritten on the clipping.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This is a clipping of an editorial published in an unknown newspaper. It argues that the U.S. President and Department of Justice should do more to protect the rights of Black citizens to vote.","The note \"Respond with letter\" is handwritten on the clipping."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#36","timestamp":"2026-05-12T20:06:08.201Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_1628","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_1628","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_1628","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_1628","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_1628.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/196002","title_ssm":["Gregory H. Swanson papers"],"title_tesim":["Gregory H. Swanson papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1948-2022"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1948-2022"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.2024.01","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/1628"],"text":["MSS.2024.01","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/1628","Gregory H. Swanson papers","lawyers","Civil rights","Civil rights -- Virginia","Discrimination in capital punishment","There are no restrictions on access to the materials in this collection.","Gregory Hayes Swanson (1924-1992) was a US lawyer who primarily practiced civil rights and tax law. In 1950, Swanson became the first Black student at the University of Virginia, successfully suing in federal court for admission after being denied entry because of his race.","Swanson was born in Danville, Virginia, on May 1, 1924, the son of Pearl Ann Adams and Benjamin James Swanson. In 1941, he graduated from John M. Langston High School, and four years later, he received an AB degree from Howard University, majoring in political science. In 1948, Swanson received an LLB degree from the Howard University School of Law.","Gregory Swanson began practicing law soon after graduating from Howard University. In 1948, he accepted a position with the firm Hill, Martin, and Robinson in Richmond, Virginia, and two years later, he opened a private practice in Martinsville, Virginia.","In November 1949, Swanson applied to the LLM degree program at the University of Virginia School of Law. The Law School initially approved his application, but the University's Board of Visitors overruled the School and denied Swanson's admission because he was Black. With the support of Hill, Martin, and Robinson and the Virginia Chapter of the NAACP, Swanson filed a complaint against the University of Virginia in federal court. In 1950, the court ordered the University to admit Swanson, and he enrolled that fall. Swanson faced a harsh climate of racial prejudice at the University of Virginia but endeavored to participate in the University community and push the institution to be more inclusive.","After attending the University of Virginia for one year, Swanson returned to private practice in Martinsville. In 1957, he opened a law practice in Alexandria, Virginia. Then, in 1961, Swanson accepted a position at the Internal Revenue Service, where he remained until his retirement in 1984.","Gregory H. Swanson died in 1992. He was survived by his wife of thirty-seven years, Betty Oliver Swanson, and his two daughters, Karen M. Swanson and Camille C. Swanson.","This collection contains one part of Gregory H. Swanson's professional papers. They primarily document his thoughts on civil rights and his work in this area during the 1950s. The collection also includes Swanson's class photograph from the Howard University School of Law and several posthumous awards given to his daughter, Karen Swanson.","In 2024, the University of Virginia Law Library processed into its collection, MSS-2024-02, a copy of a Virginia General Assembly joint resolution commemorating Swanson's life and legacy.","Around 1980, another part of Gregory Swanson's papers was donated to Howard University's Moorland-Spingarn Research Center. Those materials were processed into Collection 100: Gregory H. Swanson papers.","Because of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the materials. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creators of the content that has not yet entered the public domain.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.2024.01","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/1628"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Gregory H. Swanson papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Gregory H. Swanson papers"],"collection_ssim":["Gregory H. Swanson papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"access_terms_ssm":["Because of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the materials. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creators of the content that has not yet entered the public domain."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gregory Swanson's daughter, Karen Swanson, donated these items to the University of Virginia's Law Library on February 14, 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["lawyers","Civil rights","Civil rights -- Virginia","Discrimination in capital punishment"],"access_subjects_ssm":["lawyers","Civil rights","Civil rights -- Virginia","Discrimination in capital punishment"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.33 Linear Feet (4 containers)"],"extent_tesim":["3.33 Linear Feet (4 containers)"],"date_range_isim":[1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on access to the materials in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on access to the materials in this collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGregory Hayes Swanson (1924-1992) was a US lawyer who primarily practiced civil rights and tax law. In 1950, Swanson became the first Black student at the University of Virginia, successfully suing in federal court for admission after being denied entry because of his race.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSwanson was born in Danville, Virginia, on May 1, 1924, the son of Pearl Ann Adams and Benjamin James Swanson. In 1941, he graduated from John M. Langston High School, and four years later, he received an AB degree from Howard University, majoring in political science. In 1948, Swanson received an LLB degree from the Howard University School of Law.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGregory Swanson began practicing law soon after graduating from Howard University. In 1948, he accepted a position with the firm Hill, Martin, and Robinson in Richmond, Virginia, and two years later, he opened a private practice in Martinsville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn November 1949, Swanson applied to the LLM degree program at the University of Virginia School of Law. The Law School initially approved his application, but the University's Board of Visitors overruled the School and denied Swanson's admission because he was Black. With the support of Hill, Martin, and Robinson and the Virginia Chapter of the NAACP, Swanson filed a complaint against the University of Virginia in federal court. In 1950, the court ordered the University to admit Swanson, and he enrolled that fall. Swanson faced a harsh climate of racial prejudice at the University of Virginia but endeavored to participate in the University community and push the institution to be more inclusive.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter attending the University of Virginia for one year, Swanson returned to private practice in Martinsville. In 1957, he opened a law practice in Alexandria, Virginia. Then, in 1961, Swanson accepted a position at the Internal Revenue Service, where he remained until his retirement in 1984.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGregory H. Swanson died in 1992. He was survived by his wife of thirty-seven years, Betty Oliver Swanson, and his two daughters, Karen M. Swanson and Camille C. Swanson.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Gregory Hayes Swanson (1924-1992) was a US lawyer who primarily practiced civil rights and tax law. In 1950, Swanson became the first Black student at the University of Virginia, successfully suing in federal court for admission after being denied entry because of his race.","Swanson was born in Danville, Virginia, on May 1, 1924, the son of Pearl Ann Adams and Benjamin James Swanson. In 1941, he graduated from John M. Langston High School, and four years later, he received an AB degree from Howard University, majoring in political science. In 1948, Swanson received an LLB degree from the Howard University School of Law.","Gregory Swanson began practicing law soon after graduating from Howard University. In 1948, he accepted a position with the firm Hill, Martin, and Robinson in Richmond, Virginia, and two years later, he opened a private practice in Martinsville, Virginia.","In November 1949, Swanson applied to the LLM degree program at the University of Virginia School of Law. The Law School initially approved his application, but the University's Board of Visitors overruled the School and denied Swanson's admission because he was Black. With the support of Hill, Martin, and Robinson and the Virginia Chapter of the NAACP, Swanson filed a complaint against the University of Virginia in federal court. In 1950, the court ordered the University to admit Swanson, and he enrolled that fall. Swanson faced a harsh climate of racial prejudice at the University of Virginia but endeavored to participate in the University community and push the institution to be more inclusive.","After attending the University of Virginia for one year, Swanson returned to private practice in Martinsville. In 1957, he opened a law practice in Alexandria, Virginia. Then, in 1961, Swanson accepted a position at the Internal Revenue Service, where he remained until his retirement in 1984.","Gregory H. Swanson died in 1992. He was survived by his wife of thirty-seven years, Betty Oliver Swanson, and his two daughters, Karen M. Swanson and Camille C. Swanson."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains one part of Gregory H. Swanson's professional papers. They primarily document his thoughts on civil rights and his work in this area during the 1950s. The collection also includes Swanson's class photograph from the Howard University School of Law and several posthumous awards given to his daughter, Karen Swanson.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 2024, the University of Virginia Law Library processed into its collection, MSS-2024-02, a copy of a Virginia General Assembly joint resolution commemorating Swanson's life and legacy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAround 1980, another part of Gregory Swanson's papers was donated to Howard University's Moorland-Spingarn Research Center. Those materials were processed into Collection 100: Gregory H. Swanson papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains one part of Gregory H. Swanson's professional papers. They primarily document his thoughts on civil rights and his work in this area during the 1950s. The collection also includes Swanson's class photograph from the Howard University School of Law and several posthumous awards given to his daughter, Karen Swanson.","In 2024, the University of Virginia Law Library processed into its collection, MSS-2024-02, a copy of a Virginia General Assembly joint resolution commemorating Swanson's life and legacy.","Around 1980, another part of Gregory Swanson's papers was donated to Howard University's Moorland-Spingarn Research Center. Those materials were processed into Collection 100: Gregory H. Swanson papers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the materials. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creators of the content that has not yet entered the public domain.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the materials. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creators of the content that has not yet entered the public domain."],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":65,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-12T20:06:08.201Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_1628_c02_c37"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13_c69","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Voucher register and petty cash journal","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13_c69#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13_c69","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13_c69"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13_c69","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records","Series 13. Financial Records, boxes 123a-136, 139a-159, and 164-169"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records","Series 13. Financial Records, boxes 123a-136, 139a-159, and 164-169"],"text":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records","Series 13. Financial Records, boxes 123a-136, 139a-159, and 164-169","Voucher register and petty cash journal","Box 166"],"title_filing_ssi":"Voucher register and petty cash journal","title_ssm":["Voucher register and petty cash journal"],"title_tesim":["Voucher register and petty cash journal"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952–1955"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952/1955"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Voucher register and petty cash journal"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":247,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955],"containers_ssim":["Box 166"],"_nest_path_":"/components#12/components#68","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:10:56.560Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4566.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198177","title_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"title_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865-1960","1930s-1950s"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1930s-1950s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1865-1960"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566"],"text":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566","Storer College Administrative and Operational Records","Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations","Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","\nIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]","1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621","Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.","The collection is organized into eighteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers) \nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers) \nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers) \nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container) \nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers). \nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container) \nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container) \nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container) \nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container) \nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers) \nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers) \nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers) \nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers) \nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container) \nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers) \nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers) \nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container) \nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"collection_ssim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"geogname_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"creator_ssm":["Storer College"],"creator_ssim":["Storer College"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Storer College"],"creators_ssim":["Storer College"],"places_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["87.58 Linear Feet (160 document cases, 5 in. each; 28 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 notecard boxes, 5 in. each; 2 notecard boxes, 4.5 in. each; 5 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each; 1.5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 small artifact box, 1.5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.25 in.; 1 reel microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["87.58 Linear Feet (160 document cases, 5 in. each; 28 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 notecard boxes, 5 in. each; 2 notecard boxes, 4.5 in. each; 5 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each; 1.5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 small artifact box, 1.5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.25 in.; 1 reel microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStorer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","\nIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, A\u0026amp;M 1322, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, A\u0026M 1322, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eighteen series, including:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers).\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.","The collection is organized into eighteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers) \nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers) \nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers) \nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container) \nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers). \nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container) \nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container) \nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container) \nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container) \nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers) \nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers) \nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers) \nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers) \nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container) \nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers) \nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers) \nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container) \nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5c340650e135ba41d647d77be84aba99\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","Storer College","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration"],"persname_ssim":["Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":276,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:10:56.560Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566_c13_c69"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5645_c544","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Vouchers","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5645_c544#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5645_c544","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5645_c544"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5645_c544","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5645","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5645","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5645","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5645","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5645"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5645"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Smokeless Fuel Co. Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Smokeless Fuel Co. Records"],"text":["Smokeless Fuel Co. Records","Vouchers","Box 7","Folder 6"],"title_filing_ssi":"Vouchers","title_ssm":["Vouchers"],"title_tesim":["Vouchers"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1954-1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1954/1956"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Vouchers"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Smokeless Fuel Co. Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":544,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956],"containers_ssim":["Box 7","Folder 6"],"_nest_path_":"/components#543","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:15:36.276Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5645","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5645","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5645","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5645","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5645.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198782","title_ssm":["Smokeless Fuel Co. Records"],"title_tesim":["Smokeless Fuel Co. Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1935-1957"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1935-1957"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1928","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5645"],"text":["A\u0026M 1928","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5645","Smokeless Fuel Co. Records","Coal mining - coal companies.","Coal mining - coal operators associations.","Coal mining - Strip mining.","Coal mining.","Maps.","No special access restriction applies.","This collection consists of correspondence, reports, financial records, pamphlets, maps, photographs, clippings, and other papers of a coal company operating in southern West Virginia. Subjects include operators' associations, wages, prices, mine inspection reports, sales, strip mining, and freight rates. Other firms mentioned include the Winding Gulf Collieries, Charleston Coal Co., Piney Coking Coal Land Co., Juliette Coal Co., LaMar Colliery Co., Phelps Coal Co., George Creek Coal Co., Guyan Eagle Coal Co., Johnstown Coal \u0026 Coke Co., Fourseam Coal Corp., Carbon Fuel Co., Cannelton Coal \u0026 Coke Co., Redyard Coal Co., Race Fork Coal Co., Crystal Block Coal \u0026 Coke Co., Williams Coal Co., and the Spruce River Coal Co.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Smokeless Fuel Company","Cannelton Coal and Coke Company","Carbon Fuel Company","Charleston Coal Company","Crystal Block Coal and Coke Company","Fourseam Coal Corporation","Georges Creek Coal Company","Guyan Eagle Coal Company","Johnstown Coal and Coke Company","Juliette Coal Company","Lamar Colliery Company","Phelps Coal Company","Piney Coking Coal Land Company","Race Fork Coal Company","Redyard Coal Company","Spruce River Coal Company","Williams Coal Company  (Madisonville, Ky.)","Winding Gulf Collieries","Kelly, Robert G.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1928","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5645"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Smokeless Fuel Co. Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Smokeless Fuel Co. Records"],"collection_ssim":["Smokeless Fuel Co. Records"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Smokeless Fuel Company"],"creator_ssim":["Smokeless Fuel Company"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Smokeless Fuel Company"],"creators_ssim":["Smokeless Fuel Company"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Coal mining - coal companies.","Coal mining - coal operators associations.","Coal mining - Strip mining.","Coal mining.","Maps."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Coal mining - coal companies.","Coal mining - coal operators associations.","Coal mining - Strip mining.","Coal mining.","Maps."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.3 Linear Feet 3 ft. 4 in. (8 document cases, 5 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["3.3 Linear Feet 3 ft. 4 in. (8 document cases, 5 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Smokeless Fuel Co. Records, A\u0026amp;M 1928, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Smokeless Fuel Co. Records, A\u0026M 1928, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of correspondence, reports, financial records, pamphlets, maps, photographs, clippings, and other papers of a coal company operating in southern West Virginia. Subjects include operators' associations, wages, prices, mine inspection reports, sales, strip mining, and freight rates. Other firms mentioned include the Winding Gulf Collieries, Charleston Coal Co., Piney Coking Coal Land Co., Juliette Coal Co., LaMar Colliery Co., Phelps Coal Co., George Creek Coal Co., Guyan Eagle Coal Co., Johnstown Coal \u0026amp; Coke Co., Fourseam Coal Corp., Carbon Fuel Co., Cannelton Coal \u0026amp; Coke Co., Redyard Coal Co., Race Fork Coal Co., Crystal Block Coal \u0026amp; Coke Co., Williams Coal Co., and the Spruce River Coal Co.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of correspondence, reports, financial records, pamphlets, maps, photographs, clippings, and other papers of a coal company operating in southern West Virginia. Subjects include operators' associations, wages, prices, mine inspection reports, sales, strip mining, and freight rates. Other firms mentioned include the Winding Gulf Collieries, Charleston Coal Co., Piney Coking Coal Land Co., Juliette Coal Co., LaMar Colliery Co., Phelps Coal Co., George Creek Coal Co., Guyan Eagle Coal Co., Johnstown Coal \u0026 Coke Co., Fourseam Coal Corp., Carbon Fuel Co., Cannelton Coal \u0026 Coke Co., Redyard Coal Co., Race Fork Coal Co., Crystal Block Coal \u0026 Coke Co., Williams Coal Co., and the Spruce River Coal Co."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_174e296f4dad51f6ad86a0d9e757f282\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cannelton Coal and Coke Company","Carbon Fuel Company","Charleston Coal Company","Crystal Block Coal and Coke Company","Fourseam Coal Corporation","Georges Creek Coal Company","Guyan Eagle Coal Company","Johnstown Coal and Coke Company","Juliette Coal Company","Lamar Colliery Company","Phelps Coal Company","Piney Coking Coal Land Company","Race Fork Coal Company","Redyard Coal Company","Smokeless Fuel Company","Spruce River Coal Company","Williams Coal Company  (Madisonville, Ky.)","Winding Gulf Collieries","Kelly, Robert G."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Smokeless Fuel Company","Cannelton Coal and Coke Company","Carbon Fuel Company","Charleston Coal Company","Crystal Block Coal and Coke Company","Fourseam Coal Corporation","Georges Creek Coal Company","Guyan Eagle Coal Company","Johnstown Coal and Coke Company","Juliette Coal Company","Lamar Colliery Company","Phelps Coal Company","Piney Coking Coal Land Company","Race Fork Coal Company","Redyard Coal Company","Spruce River Coal Company","Williams Coal Company  (Madisonville, Ky.)","Winding Gulf Collieries","Kelly, Robert G."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Smokeless Fuel Company","Cannelton Coal and Coke Company","Carbon Fuel Company","Charleston Coal Company","Crystal Block Coal and Coke Company","Fourseam Coal Corporation","Georges Creek Coal Company","Guyan Eagle Coal Company","Johnstown Coal and Coke Company","Juliette Coal Company","Lamar Colliery Company","Phelps Coal Company","Piney Coking Coal Land Company","Race Fork Coal Company","Redyard Coal Company","Spruce River Coal Company","Williams Coal Company  (Madisonville, Ky.)","Winding Gulf Collieries"],"persname_ssim":["Kelly, Robert G."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":582,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:15:36.276Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5645_c544"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3142_c02","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"VPI Dresser Scarf","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3142_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3142_c02","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3142_c02"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3142_c02","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3142","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3142","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3142","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3142","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3142"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3142"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Louise Fisher Collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Louise Fisher Collection"],"text":["Louise Fisher Collection","VPI Dresser Scarf","box 2"],"title_filing_ssi":"VPI Dresser Scarf","title_ssm":["VPI Dresser Scarf"],"title_tesim":["VPI Dresser Scarf"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1908-1972"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1908/1972"],"normalized_title_ssm":["VPI Dresser Scarf"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Louise Fisher Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for reserach."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972],"containers_ssim":["box 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:45:31.916Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3142","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3142","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3142","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3142","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3142.xml","title_filing_ssi":" Louise Fisher Collection","title_ssm":["Louise Fisher Collection"],"title_tesim":["Louise Fisher Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1908-1972"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1908-1972"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Textile.2000.002"],"text":["Textile.2000.002","Louise Fisher Collection","University History","University Archives","Textiles (visual works)","The collection is open for reserach.","The guide to the Louise Fisher Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Louise Fisher Collection was completed in June 2025. Preliminary description was completed in 2016.","The sweater is made up of a standard knit pattern, using maroon colored wool yarn. On the chest of the sweater it reads \"1908,\" which has been sewn on in an orange fabric. The collar, sleeves, and waist of the sweater have a ribbed pattern, comprised of a knit 1 purl 1 knitting pattern. The sweater does not have any labels and may possibly be handmade. The condition is good, no obvious signs of wear. ","The dresser scarf is made of light brown fabric with a maroon colored trim. Along the trim are tassells in the light brown fabric. Repeating on both ends of the dresser scarf is \"VPI\" in orange with a motif pattern below, also in orange. The condition is good, some moth holes on the trim. ","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication .","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The  Louise Fisher Collection includes a 1908 sweater and a VPI dresser scarf.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","The material in this collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Textile.2000.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Louise Fisher Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Louise Fisher Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Louise Fisher Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication .","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in July 1998."],"access_subjects_ssim":["University History","University Archives","Textiles (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["University History","University Archives","Textiles (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Textiles (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for reserach.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Condition Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for reserach."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Louise Fisher Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Louise Fisher Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Louise Fisher Collection, 1908-1972, Textile-2000-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Louise Fisher Collection, 1908-1972, Textile-2000-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Louise Fisher Collection was completed in June 2025. Preliminary description was completed in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Louise Fisher Collection was completed in June 2025. Preliminary description was completed in 2016."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe sweater is made up of a standard knit pattern, using maroon colored wool yarn. On the chest of the sweater it reads \"1908,\" which has been sewn on in an orange fabric. The collar, sleeves, and waist of the sweater have a ribbed pattern, comprised of a knit 1 purl 1 knitting pattern. The sweater does not have any labels and may possibly be handmade. The condition is good, no obvious signs of wear. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe dresser scarf is made of light brown fabric with a maroon colored trim. Along the trim are tassells in the light brown fabric. Repeating on both ends of the dresser scarf is \"VPI\" in orange with a motif pattern below, also in orange. The condition is good, some moth holes on the trim. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The sweater is made up of a standard knit pattern, using maroon colored wool yarn. On the chest of the sweater it reads \"1908,\" which has been sewn on in an orange fabric. The collar, sleeves, and waist of the sweater have a ribbed pattern, comprised of a knit 1 purl 1 knitting pattern. The sweater does not have any labels and may possibly be handmade. The condition is good, no obvious signs of wear. ","The dresser scarf is made of light brown fabric with a maroon colored trim. Along the trim are tassells in the light brown fabric. Repeating on both ends of the dresser scarf is \"VPI\" in orange with a motif pattern below, also in orange. The condition is good, some moth holes on the trim. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication .","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_206e1f0eede704f5dc4906a60005d5ed\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe  Louise Fisher Collection includes a 1908 sweater and a VPI dresser scarf.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The  Louise Fisher Collection includes a 1908 sweater and a VPI dresser scarf."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:45:31.916Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3142_c02"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064_c01_c02_c37","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"VPI Glee Club. Side 1, Track 1.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064_c01_c02_c37#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064_c01_c02_c37","ref_ssm":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064_c01_c02_c37"],"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064_c01_c02_c37","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064_c01_c02","parent_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064_c01_c02","parent_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064_c01","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064_c01_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064_c01","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064_c01_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["WLUR Recordings and Broadcasts","Recordings","Music and Shows"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["WLUR Recordings and Broadcasts","Recordings","Music and Shows"],"text":["WLUR Recordings and Broadcasts","Recordings","Music and Shows","VPI Glee Club. Side 1, Track 1.","Reel is wrinkled throughout. visible warping, heavy dust","English","box 3","reel 8","Due to the fragility of Reel-to-Reel recordings, this item may only be accessed digitally. If available, the digital copy is linked above.","Prior to the transfer of these materials to Washington and Lee Special Collections and Archives, two inventories were created, one in 1975 and one circa 1990. Below is the information related to this: Original Title: Jazz: includes Al Hirt, Pete Fountain \u0026 Empire City 6. 1975 - Categorized as \"Music,\" reel number 142 C.1990 - Categorized as \"Music and Shows (Green),\" reel number 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"VPI Glee Club. Side 1, Track 1.","title_ssm":["VPI Glee Club. Side 1, Track 1."],"title_tesim":["VPI Glee Club. Side 1, Track 1."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1938-1983"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1938/1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["VPI Glee Club. Side 1, Track 1."],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"collection_ssim":["WLUR Recordings and Broadcasts"],"physdesc_tesim":["Reel is wrinkled throughout. visible warping, heavy dust"],"extent_ssm":["1 Reels Green 37 and Reel Number 178"],"extent_tesim":["1 Reels Green 37 and Reel Number 178"],"physfacet_tesim":["Audiotape Easy-threading \"C-Slot\" Reel 5-inch Type 5PB","Audiotape Easy-threading \"C-Slot\" Reel 5-inch Type 5PB"],"dimensions_tesim":["4\""],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":66,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Due to the fragility of Reel-to-Reel recordings, this item may only be accessed digitally. If available, the digital copy is linked above."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source."],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"language_ssim":["English"],"containers_ssim":["box 3","reel 8"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDue to the fragility of Reel-to-Reel recordings, this item may only be accessed digitally. If available, the digital copy is linked above.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Due to the fragility of Reel-to-Reel recordings, this item may only be accessed digitally. If available, the digital copy is linked above."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePrior to the transfer of these materials to Washington and Lee Special Collections and Archives, two inventories were created, one in 1975 and one circa 1990. Below is the information related to this: Original Title: Jazz: includes Al Hirt, Pete Fountain \u0026amp; Empire City 6. 1975 - Categorized as \"Music,\" reel number 142 C.1990 - Categorized as \"Music and Shows (Green),\" reel number 1\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Prior to the transfer of these materials to Washington and Lee Special Collections and Archives, two inventories were created, one in 1975 and one circa 1990. Below is the information related to this: Original Title: Jazz: includes Al Hirt, Pete Fountain \u0026 Empire City 6. 1975 - Categorized as \"Music,\" reel number 142 C.1990 - Categorized as \"Music and Shows (Green),\" reel number 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#36","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:55:18.621Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1064","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_1064.xml","title_filing_ssi":"WLUR Recordings and Broadcasts","title_ssm":["WLUR Recordings and Broadcasts"],"title_tesim":["WLUR Recordings and Broadcasts"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1938-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1938-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Record Group","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.RG.50","/repositories/5/resources/1064"],"text":["WLU.RG.50","/repositories/5/resources/1064","WLUR Recordings and Broadcasts","College radio stations","The collection is open for research use.","Records of the Washington and Lee University radio station, WLUR 91.5, from its creation in 1967-68 to present. 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