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She was an educator, a World War II veteran, a farmer and a local historian. ","After graduating as valedictorian from Clay County High School in 1933, she earned her first teaching certificate from Glenville State Teachers College in 1934, a Bachelor of Arts from Marshall College in 1940 and a Master of Arts from West Virginia University in 1942. During these years and until 1944, she also taught grades 1 through 8, mostly in one-room, Clay County rural schools. ","In 1944, while at WVU, Walker enlisted in the U.S. Women's Army Corps. Following her military training in Iowa, she was assigned to work at the Pentagon and then, at the war's end, was placed with the Historical Division in Germany's American Zone. While in Weisbaden, she met Carmelo F. Testa who was serving in the U.S. Air Force, and they married in 1949. Soon after, they returned to the U.S. and Garnie Walker Testa returned to her teaching career in West Virginia. Beginning in the fall of 1950, she taught at elementary and junior high schools in Kanawha County and continued through the spring of 1958. In 1954, Walker Testa bought her family's Laurel Run Farm from her parents. Then from 1958 through 1975, she taught grades 11 and 12 (mostly English and History) at Clay County High School and continued farming. ","After retiring in 1975, Walker Testa expanded her WVU thesis research into a full-length book manuscript, doing much of the writing during the cold winters on the farm. Although she completed it ca. 1983,  The Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia  was not published until 2020. Many of the items in this collection were compiled and retained by Walker Testa, but her niece, Karen Jo Walker, is responsible for organizing the collection, editing/publishing the education history volume, and compiling much of the genealogical research. Karen J. Walker, Ph.D., retired, is an archaeological and historical researcher.","Includes the papers of Garnie Wilma Walker Testa (1914-1999) and genealogical research about the Walker-Testa family. The papers include material retained from her high school, college, and graduate school years, like graduation photographs and academic texts – all in Series 1 Subseries 1. The collection also includes documentation of her military service in the Army during World War II, featuring items like field guides for military procedures, photographs of herself and peers in uniform, and travel books acquired while serving internationally – all in Series 1 Subseries 2. There are materials from Walker Testa's time as a teacher in Kanawha and Clay Counties, West Virginia, like certificates commemorating her work and books used in the classroom – all in Series 1 Subseries 3. A copy of Walker Testa's historical survey of education in Clay County,  The Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia,  and other items related to the book's production are featured, including some digital material – all in Series 1 Subseries 4. Additionally, there is genealogical research material that explores her life and her family's lineage through material like descendant charts, biographical sketches, and old family photographs – all in Series 1 Subseries 5 and the collection's addendum of 2025.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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(1 document case, 5 in.; 1 document case, 2.5 in.; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 1 flat storage box, 5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.1 in.; 1 framed cirkut photograph, 1 in.)","856 Megabytes 682 assorted .tiff, .docx, .jpg, .wps, .odt, .pptx, and .pdf files"],"date_range_isim":[1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024,2025],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGarnie Wilma Walker Testa (1914-1999) was a native of a West Virginia mountain farming community within the Elk River basin, near Ivydale in Clay County. She was an educator, a World War II veteran, a farmer and a local historian. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating as valedictorian from Clay County High School in 1933, she earned her first teaching certificate from Glenville State Teachers College in 1934, a Bachelor of Arts from Marshall College in 1940 and a Master of Arts from West Virginia University in 1942. During these years and until 1944, she also taught grades 1 through 8, mostly in one-room, Clay County rural schools. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1944, while at WVU, Walker enlisted in the U.S. Women's Army Corps. Following her military training in Iowa, she was assigned to work at the Pentagon and then, at the war's end, was placed with the Historical Division in Germany's American Zone. While in Weisbaden, she met Carmelo F. Testa who was serving in the U.S. Air Force, and they married in 1949. Soon after, they returned to the U.S. and Garnie Walker Testa returned to her teaching career in West Virginia. Beginning in the fall of 1950, she taught at elementary and junior high schools in Kanawha County and continued through the spring of 1958. In 1954, Walker Testa bought her family's Laurel Run Farm from her parents. Then from 1958 through 1975, she taught grades 11 and 12 (mostly English and History) at Clay County High School and continued farming. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter retiring in 1975, Walker Testa expanded her WVU thesis research into a full-length book manuscript, doing much of the writing during the cold winters on the farm. Although she completed it ca. 1983, \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eThe Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e was not published until 2020. Many of the items in this collection were compiled and retained by Walker Testa, but her niece, Karen Jo Walker, is responsible for organizing the collection, editing/publishing the education history volume, and compiling much of the genealogical research. Karen J. Walker, Ph.D., retired, is an archaeological and historical researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Garnie Wilma Walker Testa (1914-1999) was a native of a West Virginia mountain farming community within the Elk River basin, near Ivydale in Clay County. She was an educator, a World War II veteran, a farmer and a local historian. ","After graduating as valedictorian from Clay County High School in 1933, she earned her first teaching certificate from Glenville State Teachers College in 1934, a Bachelor of Arts from Marshall College in 1940 and a Master of Arts from West Virginia University in 1942. During these years and until 1944, she also taught grades 1 through 8, mostly in one-room, Clay County rural schools. ","In 1944, while at WVU, Walker enlisted in the U.S. Women's Army Corps. Following her military training in Iowa, she was assigned to work at the Pentagon and then, at the war's end, was placed with the Historical Division in Germany's American Zone. While in Weisbaden, she met Carmelo F. Testa who was serving in the U.S. Air Force, and they married in 1949. Soon after, they returned to the U.S. and Garnie Walker Testa returned to her teaching career in West Virginia. Beginning in the fall of 1950, she taught at elementary and junior high schools in Kanawha County and continued through the spring of 1958. In 1954, Walker Testa bought her family's Laurel Run Farm from her parents. Then from 1958 through 1975, she taught grades 11 and 12 (mostly English and History) at Clay County High School and continued farming. ","After retiring in 1975, Walker Testa expanded her WVU thesis research into a full-length book manuscript, doing much of the writing during the cold winters on the farm. Although she completed it ca. 1983,  The Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia  was not published until 2020. Many of the items in this collection were compiled and retained by Walker Testa, but her niece, Karen Jo Walker, is responsible for organizing the collection, editing/publishing the education history volume, and compiling much of the genealogical research. Karen J. Walker, Ph.D., retired, is an archaeological and historical researcher."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Garnie Walker Testa Papers and Walker-Testa Family Genealogy, A\u0026amp;M 4670, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Garnie Walker Testa Papers and Walker-Testa Family Genealogy, A\u0026M 4670, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes the papers of Garnie Wilma Walker Testa (1914-1999) and genealogical research about the Walker-Testa family. The papers include material retained from her high school, college, and graduate school years, like graduation photographs and academic texts – all in Series 1 Subseries 1. The collection also includes documentation of her military service in the Army during World War II, featuring items like field guides for military procedures, photographs of herself and peers in uniform, and travel books acquired while serving internationally – all in Series 1 Subseries 2. There are materials from Walker Testa's time as a teacher in Kanawha and Clay Counties, West Virginia, like certificates commemorating her work and books used in the classroom – all in Series 1 Subseries 3. A copy of Walker Testa's historical survey of education in Clay County, \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eThe Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia,\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e and other items related to the book's production are featured, including some digital material – all in Series 1 Subseries 4. Additionally, there is genealogical research material that explores her life and her family's lineage through material like descendant charts, biographical sketches, and old family photographs – all in Series 1 Subseries 5 and the collection's addendum of 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes the papers of Garnie Wilma Walker Testa (1914-1999) and genealogical research about the Walker-Testa family. The papers include material retained from her high school, college, and graduate school years, like graduation photographs and academic texts – all in Series 1 Subseries 1. The collection also includes documentation of her military service in the Army during World War II, featuring items like field guides for military procedures, photographs of herself and peers in uniform, and travel books acquired while serving internationally – all in Series 1 Subseries 2. There are materials from Walker Testa's time as a teacher in Kanawha and Clay Counties, West Virginia, like certificates commemorating her work and books used in the classroom – all in Series 1 Subseries 3. A copy of Walker Testa's historical survey of education in Clay County,  The Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia,  and other items related to the book's production are featured, including some digital material – all in Series 1 Subseries 4. Additionally, there is genealogical research material that explores her life and her family's lineage through material like descendant charts, biographical sketches, and old family photographs – all in Series 1 Subseries 5 and the collection's addendum of 2025."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4744c9b984b8903e4124192193153cf\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Testa, Garnie Walker, 1914-1999","Walker, Karen Jo"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Walker, Karen Jo","Testa, Garnie Walker, 1914-1999"],"persname_ssim":["Testa, Garnie Walker, 1914-1999","Walker, Karen Jo"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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Trout Papers","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353_c35#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353_c35","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353_c35"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353_c35","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Virginia Academy of Science Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Virginia Academy of Science Records"],"text":["Virginia Academy of Science Records","W. E. Trout Papers","box 35"],"title_filing_ssi":"W. E. Trout Papers","title_ssm":["W. E. Trout Papers"],"title_tesim":["W. E. Trout Papers"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1937-1978"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1937/1978"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W. E. Trout Papers"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Academy of Science Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":18,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":1211,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"containers_ssim":["box 35"],"_nest_path_":"/components#34","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:42:31.650Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1353.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Academy of Science Records","title_ssm":["Virginia Academy of Science Records"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Academy of Science Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1920-2005"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1920-2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1981.096"],"text":["Ms.1981.096","Virginia Academy of Science Records","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","The collection is open for research.","The records of the Virginia Academy of Science have primarily been arranged in chronological order by year, then by the principal officers who maintained large quantities of records, and by the scientific sections and committees whose records have survived.","Boxes 1-20 are arranged chronologically by subject files. Boxes 26 and 28-36 contain VAS papers arranged chronologically by creator/collector. Boxes 37-38 are arranged by material type. ","Boxes 21-25, 27, and 39-40 contain publications arranged chronologically by title. ","Boxes 41-49 are in their original order. ","In 1923, one hundred and thirty-five scientists chartered the Virginia Academy of Science (VAS) and held their first annual VAS meeting in Williamsburg on April 26th. The Academy has continued to meet annually since then (except during World War II), bringing together scientists from every field throughout the state. ","The VAS has also published numerous works and serials, including the first VAS journal  Claytonia  (1934-1939), followed by the  Virginia Journal of Science  (1940-1943) and the  Virginia Journal of Science, New Series  (VJS, 1950-present). The  Journal  often focuses on special topics such as the issue which was devoted to the 1964 Virginia Symposium on Human Resources (held during the annual VAS conference); \"Early Virginia,\" articles on scientific and cultural development in Virginia, was especially reprinted for the 350th anniversary of the founding of Jamestown in 1957; and in 1969 the  VJS  carried a series of articles on Virginia's Dismal Swamp area. The Publications Committee records show that the Dismal Swamp series was the culmination of the work of many Academy members who had originally hoped for a separate work to be published like the James River Basin study. The Flora Committee of the Botany Section also periodically publishes a newsletter which became known as  Jeffersonia  in 1980.","The guide to the Virginia Academy of Science Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The collection was reorganized, and recent donations incorporated, from September 1998 to March 1999, by Gina Ellis, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, Manuscripts Curator. Additional donations were processed in 2010, 2013, and 2015.","The Virginia Academy of Science Records includes VAS publications dating from 1939-present. These include such in-house works as  Review of the First Ten Years of the Research Committee  (1939),  Announcement and a Challenge  (1946?), and the  Future  (1950). The Academy has also published periodicals throughout its history.  Claytonia  was the first VAS journal (1934-1939), followed by the  Virginia Journal of Science  (1940-1943) and the  Virginia Journal of Science, New Series  (VJS, 1950-present). The Flora Committee of the Botany Section also periodically publishes a newsletter which became known as  Jeffersonia  in 1980; the records contain only scattered issues (11) from 1969-1970, 1980. The Academy Records also has copies of directories, brochures, and membership fliers which the VAS has published since about 1946.","The VAS Records also includes manuscript and published versions of various Academy histories; especially interesting are the early versions by Ivey Foreman Lewis (first VAS president) and E. C. L. Miller. The collection contains quite extensive records of the work of Isabel Boggs and George Jeffers to coordinate the efforts of members to record the Academy's past as well as the resulting master's thesis of Harry J. Staggers,  History of the Virginia Academy of Science, 1925-1927  (College of William and Mary, 1966). This history of the VAS appeared in the Winter 1968 issue of the  Virginia Journal of Science  and in Spring 1973 the  Journal  carried the more recent VAS history, 1948-1972, to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the Virginia Academy of Science charter.","The early records of the Academy can be attributed largely to the efforts of E. C. L. Miller who was the only officer (secretary and treasurer) to serve continuously, 1924-1949. During these years, he corresponded widely for the entire Academy, maintained committee reports, compiled the yearly programs, and saw that formal records were published annually in the  Proceedings . The strength of the VAS Records lies largely in the historic intuition of such officers, section heads, or committee chairs who maintained the files. Some files are much more complete than others. The early records of the Research Committee, for example, contain applications, papers submitted for consideration for the annual award, and records of the efforts of J. Shelton Horsley to raise an endowment to support these awards, which were later named in his honor. More recent files are limited to minutes and annual reports. The Geology Section has perhaps the most complete set of records of section activities, especially during the leadership of William M. McGill. The activities of other committees and sections are often preserved in the Council's records, however, while the  Proceedings  through 1966 and/or the annual meeting files often contain reports of committees and sections.","The Academy Records also includes correspondence, report, and minutes of section and of ad hoc and standing committees, annual financial statements, photographs and clippings, by-laws, and constitutions, records of special projects such as the visiting scientists program (supported by National Science Foundation grants), the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research and the Virginia Museum of Science.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Virginia Academy of Science (VAS) Records includes VAS publications dating from 1939-2004 and also includes manuscript and published versions of various Academy histories. The Academy Archives also includes correspondence, report, and minutes of section and of ad hoc and standing committees, annual financial statements, photographs and clippings, by-laws, and constitutions, records of special projects such as the visiting scientists program (supported by National Science Foundation grants), the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research and the Virginia Museum of Science.","Please note:  Boxes 1-49 are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notices for retrieval.  Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Academy of Science","Virginia Junior Academy of Sciences","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1981.096"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Academy of Science Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Academy of Science Records"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Academy of Science Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia Academy of Science"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia Academy of Science"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Academy of Science"],"creators_ssim":["Virginia Academy of Science"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Virginia Academy of Science Records deposited in Special Collections are largely the result of the preservation of the records by the individual officers, section heads, and committee chairs. Throughout the Academy's history these records have been stored in various places around the state. Their being brought together in 1981 in one location is largely the work of the VAS Archives Committee under the leadership of Dr. Boyd Harshbarger. Donations have been made continuously since that time by the Academy and individual members. ","Additional donations are expected in the future."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["68.6 Cubic Feet 49 boxes and 2 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["68.6 Cubic Feet 49 boxes and 2 oversize folders"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records of the Virginia Academy of Science have primarily been arranged in chronological order by year, then by the principal officers who maintained large quantities of records, and by the scientific sections and committees whose records have survived.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 1-20 are arranged chronologically by subject files. Boxes 26 and 28-36 contain VAS papers arranged chronologically by creator/collector. Boxes 37-38 are arranged by material type. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 21-25, 27, and 39-40 contain publications arranged chronologically by title. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 41-49 are in their original order. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The records of the Virginia Academy of Science have primarily been arranged in chronological order by year, then by the principal officers who maintained large quantities of records, and by the scientific sections and committees whose records have survived.","Boxes 1-20 are arranged chronologically by subject files. Boxes 26 and 28-36 contain VAS papers arranged chronologically by creator/collector. Boxes 37-38 are arranged by material type. ","Boxes 21-25, 27, and 39-40 contain publications arranged chronologically by title. ","Boxes 41-49 are in their original order. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1923, one hundred and thirty-five scientists chartered the Virginia Academy of Science (VAS) and held their first annual VAS meeting in Williamsburg on April 26th. The Academy has continued to meet annually since then (except during World War II), bringing together scientists from every field throughout the state. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe VAS has also published numerous works and serials, including the first VAS journal \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eClaytonia\u003c/title\u003e (1934-1939), followed by the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Journal of Science\u003c/title\u003e (1940-1943) and the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Journal of Science, New Series\u003c/title\u003e (VJS, 1950-present). The \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJournal\u003c/title\u003e often focuses on special topics such as the issue which was devoted to the 1964 Virginia Symposium on Human Resources (held during the annual VAS conference); \"Early Virginia,\" articles on scientific and cultural development in Virginia, was especially reprinted for the 350th anniversary of the founding of Jamestown in 1957; and in 1969 the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVJS\u003c/title\u003e carried a series of articles on Virginia's Dismal Swamp area. The Publications Committee records show that the Dismal Swamp series was the culmination of the work of many Academy members who had originally hoped for a separate work to be published like the James River Basin study. The Flora Committee of the Botany Section also periodically publishes a newsletter which became known as \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJeffersonia\u003c/title\u003e in 1980.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1923, one hundred and thirty-five scientists chartered the Virginia Academy of Science (VAS) and held their first annual VAS meeting in Williamsburg on April 26th. The Academy has continued to meet annually since then (except during World War II), bringing together scientists from every field throughout the state. ","The VAS has also published numerous works and serials, including the first VAS journal  Claytonia  (1934-1939), followed by the  Virginia Journal of Science  (1940-1943) and the  Virginia Journal of Science, New Series  (VJS, 1950-present). The  Journal  often focuses on special topics such as the issue which was devoted to the 1964 Virginia Symposium on Human Resources (held during the annual VAS conference); \"Early Virginia,\" articles on scientific and cultural development in Virginia, was especially reprinted for the 350th anniversary of the founding of Jamestown in 1957; and in 1969 the  VJS  carried a series of articles on Virginia's Dismal Swamp area. The Publications Committee records show that the Dismal Swamp series was the culmination of the work of many Academy members who had originally hoped for a separate work to be published like the James River Basin study. The Flora Committee of the Botany Section also periodically publishes a newsletter which became known as  Jeffersonia  in 1980."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Virginia Academy of Science Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Virginia Academy of Science Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Virginia Academy of Science Records, Ms1981-096, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Virginia Academy of Science Records, Ms1981-096, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was reorganized, and recent donations incorporated, from September 1998 to March 1999, by Gina Ellis, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, Manuscripts Curator. Additional donations were processed in 2010, 2013, and 2015.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was reorganized, and recent donations incorporated, from September 1998 to March 1999, by Gina Ellis, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, Manuscripts Curator. Additional donations were processed in 2010, 2013, and 2015."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Academy of Science Records includes VAS publications dating from 1939-present. These include such in-house works as \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eReview of the First Ten Years of the Research Committee\u003c/title\u003e (1939), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAnnouncement and a Challenge\u003c/title\u003e (1946?), and the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFuture\u003c/title\u003e (1950). The Academy has also published periodicals throughout its history. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eClaytonia\u003c/title\u003e was the first VAS journal (1934-1939), followed by the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Journal of Science\u003c/title\u003e (1940-1943) and the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Journal of Science, New Series\u003c/title\u003e (VJS, 1950-present). The Flora Committee of the Botany Section also periodically publishes a newsletter which became known as \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJeffersonia\u003c/title\u003e in 1980; the records contain only scattered issues (11) from 1969-1970, 1980. The Academy Records also has copies of directories, brochures, and membership fliers which the VAS has published since about 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe VAS Records also includes manuscript and published versions of various Academy histories; especially interesting are the early versions by Ivey Foreman Lewis (first VAS president) and E. C. L. Miller. The collection contains quite extensive records of the work of Isabel Boggs and George Jeffers to coordinate the efforts of members to record the Academy's past as well as the resulting master's thesis of Harry J. Staggers, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of the Virginia Academy of Science, 1925-1927\u003c/title\u003e (College of William and Mary, 1966). This history of the VAS appeared in the Winter 1968 issue of the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Journal of Science\u003c/title\u003e and in Spring 1973 the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJournal\u003c/title\u003e carried the more recent VAS history, 1948-1972, to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the Virginia Academy of Science charter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe early records of the Academy can be attributed largely to the efforts of E. C. L. Miller who was the only officer (secretary and treasurer) to serve continuously, 1924-1949. During these years, he corresponded widely for the entire Academy, maintained committee reports, compiled the yearly programs, and saw that formal records were published annually in the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eProceedings\u003c/title\u003e. The strength of the VAS Records lies largely in the historic intuition of such officers, section heads, or committee chairs who maintained the files. Some files are much more complete than others. The early records of the Research Committee, for example, contain applications, papers submitted for consideration for the annual award, and records of the efforts of J. Shelton Horsley to raise an endowment to support these awards, which were later named in his honor. More recent files are limited to minutes and annual reports. The Geology Section has perhaps the most complete set of records of section activities, especially during the leadership of William M. McGill. The activities of other committees and sections are often preserved in the Council's records, however, while the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eProceedings\u003c/title\u003e through 1966 and/or the annual meeting files often contain reports of committees and sections.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Academy Records also includes correspondence, report, and minutes of section and of ad hoc and standing committees, annual financial statements, photographs and clippings, by-laws, and constitutions, records of special projects such as the visiting scientists program (supported by National Science Foundation grants), the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research and the Virginia Museum of Science.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Virginia Academy of Science Records includes VAS publications dating from 1939-present. These include such in-house works as  Review of the First Ten Years of the Research Committee  (1939),  Announcement and a Challenge  (1946?), and the  Future  (1950). The Academy has also published periodicals throughout its history.  Claytonia  was the first VAS journal (1934-1939), followed by the  Virginia Journal of Science  (1940-1943) and the  Virginia Journal of Science, New Series  (VJS, 1950-present). The Flora Committee of the Botany Section also periodically publishes a newsletter which became known as  Jeffersonia  in 1980; the records contain only scattered issues (11) from 1969-1970, 1980. The Academy Records also has copies of directories, brochures, and membership fliers which the VAS has published since about 1946.","The VAS Records also includes manuscript and published versions of various Academy histories; especially interesting are the early versions by Ivey Foreman Lewis (first VAS president) and E. C. L. Miller. The collection contains quite extensive records of the work of Isabel Boggs and George Jeffers to coordinate the efforts of members to record the Academy's past as well as the resulting master's thesis of Harry J. Staggers,  History of the Virginia Academy of Science, 1925-1927  (College of William and Mary, 1966). This history of the VAS appeared in the Winter 1968 issue of the  Virginia Journal of Science  and in Spring 1973 the  Journal  carried the more recent VAS history, 1948-1972, to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the Virginia Academy of Science charter.","The early records of the Academy can be attributed largely to the efforts of E. C. L. Miller who was the only officer (secretary and treasurer) to serve continuously, 1924-1949. During these years, he corresponded widely for the entire Academy, maintained committee reports, compiled the yearly programs, and saw that formal records were published annually in the  Proceedings . The strength of the VAS Records lies largely in the historic intuition of such officers, section heads, or committee chairs who maintained the files. Some files are much more complete than others. The early records of the Research Committee, for example, contain applications, papers submitted for consideration for the annual award, and records of the efforts of J. Shelton Horsley to raise an endowment to support these awards, which were later named in his honor. More recent files are limited to minutes and annual reports. The Geology Section has perhaps the most complete set of records of section activities, especially during the leadership of William M. McGill. The activities of other committees and sections are often preserved in the Council's records, however, while the  Proceedings  through 1966 and/or the annual meeting files often contain reports of committees and sections.","The Academy Records also includes correspondence, report, and minutes of section and of ad hoc and standing committees, annual financial statements, photographs and clippings, by-laws, and constitutions, records of special projects such as the visiting scientists program (supported by National Science Foundation grants), the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research and the Virginia Museum of Science."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_b6c4ad862c9a7b841ca76f4894efc3c8\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Virginia Academy of Science (VAS) Records includes VAS publications dating from 1939-2004 and also includes manuscript and published versions of various Academy histories. The Academy Archives also includes correspondence, report, and minutes of section and of ad hoc and standing committees, annual financial statements, photographs and clippings, by-laws, and constitutions, records of special projects such as the visiting scientists program (supported by National Science Foundation grants), the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research and the Virginia Museum of Science.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Virginia Academy of Science (VAS) Records includes VAS publications dating from 1939-2004 and also includes manuscript and published versions of various Academy histories. The Academy Archives also includes correspondence, report, and minutes of section and of ad hoc and standing committees, annual financial statements, photographs and clippings, by-laws, and constitutions, records of special projects such as the visiting scientists program (supported by National Science Foundation grants), the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research and the Virginia Museum of Science."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_ef5789dad03977c52c473223bedc8840\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Boxes 1-49 are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notices for retrieval.  Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  Boxes 1-49 are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notices for retrieval.  Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Academy of Science","Virginia Junior Academy of Sciences"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Academy of Science","Virginia Junior Academy of Sciences"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Academy of Science","Virginia Junior Academy of Sciences"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1808,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:42:31.650Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353_c35"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03_c35","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Wid-Will","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03_c35#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03_c35","ref_ssm":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03_c35"],"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03_c35","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03","parent_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03","parent_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["O.W. Riegel Papers","Southern Interscholastic Press Association (SIPA)","Correspondence K-Z"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["O.W. Riegel Papers","Southern Interscholastic Press Association (SIPA)","Correspondence K-Z"],"text":["O.W. Riegel Papers","Southern Interscholastic Press Association (SIPA)","Correspondence K-Z","Wid-Will","English .","box 3","folder 75"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wid-Will","title_ssm":["Wid-Will"],"title_tesim":["Wid-Will"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1930-1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wid-Will"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"collection_ssim":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2498,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"language_ssim":["English ."],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 75"],"_nest_path_":"/components#10/components#2/components#34","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:52:19.935Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_231.xml","title_ssm":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"title_tesim":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1900-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-1992"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0387","/repositories/5/resources/231"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0387","/repositories/5/resources/231","O.W. Riegel Papers","Propaganda ","Journalism","This collection is open to research use.","Oscar Wetherhold Riegel, also known as Tom, was born in Reading, PA in 1903. Riegel's professional career began as a reporter and editor for the Chicago Tribune in the 1920s. He then shifted his focus to the information gathering and application, attaining a Bachelor's degree in the field from Dartmouth College and later attending Washington and Lee University. ","Riegel became an internationally-known expert on the topic of propaganda in the 1930s after extensive studies of its importance in modern politics. His monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos: The Story of the New Propaganda, was published in 1934 and focused on the role propaganda was playing in the rise of National Socialism in Germany.\nIn his studies he amassed an extensive collection of American, European, and Asian propaganda spanning World War I through the Cold War. Aspects of his compilation of propaganda studies are included within this collection.\nRiegel joined the Washington and Lee University Journalism Department in 1930 and was named department head in 1934. He served as department head until his retirement in 1973. During his tenure with the university, he taught various courses on film, journalism, propaganda, and information application.\nHe passed away in 1997 in Lexington, VA.","Highlights of this collection include material concerning the Washington and Lee Journalism Department, including course material, student papers, and lecture notes. Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\"","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Cole, Fred Carrington","Gaines, Francis Pendleton","Labro, Philippe","Davis, J. Paxton","Lauck, Charles Harold","Booth, Augustus Lea","Shultz Charles","Moss, John E. (John Emerson), 1913 - 1997","Kenneth Bald","McGovern, George","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0387","/repositories/5/resources/231"],"normalized_title_ssm":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"collection_ssim":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"creator_ssm":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt"],"creator_ssim":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt"],"creators_ssim":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Propaganda ","Journalism"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Propaganda ","Journalism"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["75 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["75 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOscar Wetherhold Riegel, also known as Tom, was born in Reading, PA in 1903. Riegel's professional career began as a reporter and editor for the Chicago Tribune in the 1920s. He then shifted his focus to the information gathering and application, attaining a Bachelor's degree in the field from Dartmouth College and later attending Washington and Lee University. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRiegel became an internationally-known expert on the topic of propaganda in the 1930s after extensive studies of its importance in modern politics. His monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos: The Story of the New Propaganda, was published in 1934 and focused on the role propaganda was playing in the rise of National Socialism in Germany.\nIn his studies he amassed an extensive collection of American, European, and Asian propaganda spanning World War I through the Cold War. Aspects of his compilation of propaganda studies are included within this collection.\nRiegel joined the Washington and Lee University Journalism Department in 1930 and was named department head in 1934. He served as department head until his retirement in 1973. During his tenure with the university, he taught various courses on film, journalism, propaganda, and information application.\nHe passed away in 1997 in Lexington, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Oscar Wetherhold Riegel, also known as Tom, was born in Reading, PA in 1903. Riegel's professional career began as a reporter and editor for the Chicago Tribune in the 1920s. He then shifted his focus to the information gathering and application, attaining a Bachelor's degree in the field from Dartmouth College and later attending Washington and Lee University. ","Riegel became an internationally-known expert on the topic of propaganda in the 1930s after extensive studies of its importance in modern politics. His monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos: The Story of the New Propaganda, was published in 1934 and focused on the role propaganda was playing in the rise of National Socialism in Germany.\nIn his studies he amassed an extensive collection of American, European, and Asian propaganda spanning World War I through the Cold War. Aspects of his compilation of propaganda studies are included within this collection.\nRiegel joined the Washington and Lee University Journalism Department in 1930 and was named department head in 1934. He served as department head until his retirement in 1973. During his tenure with the university, he taught various courses on film, journalism, propaganda, and information application.\nHe passed away in 1997 in Lexington, VA."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePreferred citation: [Identification of item], O.W. Riegel Collection, WLU Coll. 0387, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA. \u003cp\u003eIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Preferred citation: [Identification of item], O.W. Riegel Collection, WLU Coll. 0387, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.  In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHighlights of this collection include material concerning the Washington and Lee Journalism Department, including course material, student papers, and lecture notes. Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Highlights of this collection include material concerning the Washington and Lee Journalism Department, including course material, student papers, and lecture notes. Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Cole, Fred Carrington","Gaines, Francis Pendleton","Labro, Philippe","Davis, J. Paxton","Lauck, Charles Harold","Booth, Augustus Lea","Shultz Charles","Moss, John E. (John Emerson), 1913 - 1997","Kenneth Bald","McGovern, George"],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Riegel, Hunt"],"persname_ssim":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Cole, Fred Carrington","Gaines, Francis Pendleton","Labro, Philippe","Davis, J. Paxton","Lauck, Charles Harold","Booth, Augustus Lea","Shultz Charles","Moss, John E. (John Emerson), 1913 - 1997","Kenneth Bald","McGovern, George"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2584,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:52:19.935Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03_c35"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207_c04_c07","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"William S. Hicks","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207_c04_c07#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207_c04_c07","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207_c04_c07"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207_c04_c07","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records","Series IV: Correspondences"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records","Series IV: Correspondences"],"text":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records","Series IV: Correspondences","William S. Hicks","box 1","folder 51"],"title_filing_ssi":"William S. Hicks","title_ssm":["William S. Hicks"],"title_tesim":["William S. Hicks"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1944-1949"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William S. Hicks"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":55,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 51"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#6","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:36:25.622Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4207.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Blacksburg Baptist Church Records","title_ssm":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records"],"title_tesim":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1894-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1894-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2024.001"],"text":["Ms.2024.001","Blacksburg Baptist Church Records","Blacksburg (Va.)","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Religion","Scrapbooks","Correspondence","Photographs","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged based on the types of materials and organizations. All materials are organized chronologically within the sub-series.","The guide to the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection was completed in May 2024.","The collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals. ","\nSeries I: Baptist Young People's Union contains the records of the organization. Materials consists of items in the 1930s. ","Series II: Church Building Committee contains records related to the construction of the church and rooms. Materials are organized by the type of material. There are architectural documents with designs for a new church building. There are building codes, contracts, plans and studies. The correspondences consist of letters regarding the church construction, including the architect. Film strips, micro slide films, and photographs include architectural designs and photographs of completed construction. The notes and reports explain plans for the construction. ","Series III: Church Bulletins contains the church service bulletins. The bulletins contain the church service dates and order of worship. This includes information on the order of events, music, prayers, scripture readings, communion, and more. Bulletins also list upcoming events during the week and other announcements. They also list the church's leadership members. ","Series IV: Correspondences contains correspondences related to church activities. Some correspondences have been separated into other series, including Series II: Church Building Committee. The series is organized based on the author of the letter. Some authors only wrote one or two letters, and they have been organized into the bulk \"Multiple Authors\" sub-series. There are also copied duplicates of letters.","Series V: Financials consists of all documents related to financial information. This includes annual reports, bank deposit books, checkbooks, ledger books, memorials record books, and treasurer's book. There are also multiple years of reports documents that discuss quarterly and yearly finances at the church and the church's organizations. The series also contain bills, checks, coal tickets, and freight bills. Finally, there are finance committee minutes books that provide information on the committee's discussions. ","Series VI: Leadership contains documents about and from the church's leaders. This includes Constitutions and By-Laws for the church. The deacons minutes books provide details on deacons meetings. There are also sermon outlines and reverend papers. Finally, reports include documents on pastor searches and current leadership. There are some financial reports directly related to the leadership. ","Series VII: Manuscripts consists of drafst of short stories and the history of Blacksburg Baptist Church. The History of Blacksburg Baptist Church is the primary work in the series, and includes documents related to revisions.","Series VIII: Membership consists of multiple documents related to the members of the church. This includes attendance and registration records. There are church directories of the membership and leadership. The Church Dismissal Letters contain letters for people joining the church or leaving to attend a different church. The newsletters contain documents related to the church news and events. A scrapbook and wedding newspaper clippings are also found in this series. ","Series IX: Photographs contains film strips, micro slide films, negatives, and photographs. The photographs were separated into buildings and people sections. Some photographs were placed in Series II: Church Building Committee because they were directly related to construction of the church. ","Series X: Women's Missionary Society contains documents related to the women's organization. These include meeting minutes, membership records, pamphlets, record book, and reports for the organization. ","Series XI: Women's Missionary Union consists of documents for the women's organization. There are certificates, memorial documents, a ledger book, reports, and yearbooks. There are multiple notebooks for the organization. The scrapbook in box 10 includes magazine and newspaper clippings that discuss the War on Terror and missionary work in the Middle East and South Asia. The clippings provide a fascinating glimpse into the Baptist Church and War on Terror. ","Series XII: Microfilm Copies contains printed microfilm documents. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series. ","Series XIII: Permanent File Copies contains printed document copies. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series. These documents are the same as the ones in Series XII, but includes two additional years worth of documents. ","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Baptist Church (Blacksburg, Va)","Materials in this collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2024.001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records"],"collection_ssim":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections in May 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Religion","Scrapbooks","Correspondence","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Religion","Scrapbooks","Correspondence","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["18 Cubic Feet 11 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["18 Cubic Feet 11 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Scrapbooks","Correspondence","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged based on the types of materials and organizations. All materials are organized chronologically within the sub-series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged based on the types of materials and organizations. All materials are organized chronologically within the sub-series."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection, 1894 - 2007, Ms2014-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection, 1894 - 2007, Ms2014-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection was completed in May 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection was completed in May 2024."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I: Baptist Young People's Union contains the records of the organization. Materials consists of items in the 1930s. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Church Building Committee contains records related to the construction of the church and rooms. Materials are organized by the type of material. There are architectural documents with designs for a new church building. There are building codes, contracts, plans and studies. The correspondences consist of letters regarding the church construction, including the architect. Film strips, micro slide films, and photographs include architectural designs and photographs of completed construction. The notes and reports explain plans for the construction. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Church Bulletins contains the church service bulletins. The bulletins contain the church service dates and order of worship. This includes information on the order of events, music, prayers, scripture readings, communion, and more. Bulletins also list upcoming events during the week and other announcements. They also list the church's leadership members. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Correspondences contains correspondences related to church activities. Some correspondences have been separated into other series, including Series II: Church Building Committee. The series is organized based on the author of the letter. Some authors only wrote one or two letters, and they have been organized into the bulk \"Multiple Authors\" sub-series. There are also copied duplicates of letters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: Financials consists of all documents related to financial information. This includes annual reports, bank deposit books, checkbooks, ledger books, memorials record books, and treasurer's book. There are also multiple years of reports documents that discuss quarterly and yearly finances at the church and the church's organizations. The series also contain bills, checks, coal tickets, and freight bills. Finally, there are finance committee minutes books that provide information on the committee's discussions. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: Leadership contains documents about and from the church's leaders. This includes Constitutions and By-Laws for the church. The deacons minutes books provide details on deacons meetings. There are also sermon outlines and reverend papers. Finally, reports include documents on pastor searches and current leadership. There are some financial reports directly related to the leadership. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII: Manuscripts consists of drafst of short stories and the history of Blacksburg Baptist Church. The History of Blacksburg Baptist Church is the primary work in the series, and includes documents related to revisions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII: Membership consists of multiple documents related to the members of the church. This includes attendance and registration records. There are church directories of the membership and leadership. The Church Dismissal Letters contain letters for people joining the church or leaving to attend a different church. The newsletters contain documents related to the church news and events. A scrapbook and wedding newspaper clippings are also found in this series. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX: Photographs contains film strips, micro slide films, negatives, and photographs. The photographs were separated into buildings and people sections. Some photographs were placed in Series II: Church Building Committee because they were directly related to construction of the church. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries X: Women's Missionary Society contains documents related to the women's organization. These include meeting minutes, membership records, pamphlets, record book, and reports for the organization. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI: Women's Missionary Union consists of documents for the women's organization. There are certificates, memorial documents, a ledger book, reports, and yearbooks. There are multiple notebooks for the organization. The scrapbook in box 10 includes magazine and newspaper clippings that discuss the War on Terror and missionary work in the Middle East and South Asia. The clippings provide a fascinating glimpse into the Baptist Church and War on Terror. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries XII: Microfilm Copies contains printed microfilm documents. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries XIII: Permanent File Copies contains printed document copies. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series. These documents are the same as the ones in Series XII, but includes two additional years worth of documents. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals. ","\nSeries I: Baptist Young People's Union contains the records of the organization. Materials consists of items in the 1930s. ","Series II: Church Building Committee contains records related to the construction of the church and rooms. Materials are organized by the type of material. There are architectural documents with designs for a new church building. There are building codes, contracts, plans and studies. The correspondences consist of letters regarding the church construction, including the architect. Film strips, micro slide films, and photographs include architectural designs and photographs of completed construction. The notes and reports explain plans for the construction. ","Series III: Church Bulletins contains the church service bulletins. The bulletins contain the church service dates and order of worship. This includes information on the order of events, music, prayers, scripture readings, communion, and more. Bulletins also list upcoming events during the week and other announcements. They also list the church's leadership members. ","Series IV: Correspondences contains correspondences related to church activities. Some correspondences have been separated into other series, including Series II: Church Building Committee. The series is organized based on the author of the letter. Some authors only wrote one or two letters, and they have been organized into the bulk \"Multiple Authors\" sub-series. There are also copied duplicates of letters.","Series V: Financials consists of all documents related to financial information. This includes annual reports, bank deposit books, checkbooks, ledger books, memorials record books, and treasurer's book. There are also multiple years of reports documents that discuss quarterly and yearly finances at the church and the church's organizations. The series also contain bills, checks, coal tickets, and freight bills. Finally, there are finance committee minutes books that provide information on the committee's discussions. ","Series VI: Leadership contains documents about and from the church's leaders. This includes Constitutions and By-Laws for the church. The deacons minutes books provide details on deacons meetings. There are also sermon outlines and reverend papers. Finally, reports include documents on pastor searches and current leadership. There are some financial reports directly related to the leadership. ","Series VII: Manuscripts consists of drafst of short stories and the history of Blacksburg Baptist Church. The History of Blacksburg Baptist Church is the primary work in the series, and includes documents related to revisions.","Series VIII: Membership consists of multiple documents related to the members of the church. This includes attendance and registration records. There are church directories of the membership and leadership. The Church Dismissal Letters contain letters for people joining the church or leaving to attend a different church. The newsletters contain documents related to the church news and events. A scrapbook and wedding newspaper clippings are also found in this series. ","Series IX: Photographs contains film strips, micro slide films, negatives, and photographs. The photographs were separated into buildings and people sections. Some photographs were placed in Series II: Church Building Committee because they were directly related to construction of the church. ","Series X: Women's Missionary Society contains documents related to the women's organization. These include meeting minutes, membership records, pamphlets, record book, and reports for the organization. ","Series XI: Women's Missionary Union consists of documents for the women's organization. There are certificates, memorial documents, a ledger book, reports, and yearbooks. There are multiple notebooks for the organization. The scrapbook in box 10 includes magazine and newspaper clippings that discuss the War on Terror and missionary work in the Middle East and South Asia. The clippings provide a fascinating glimpse into the Baptist Church and War on Terror. ","Series XII: Microfilm Copies contains printed microfilm documents. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series. ","Series XIII: Permanent File Copies contains printed document copies. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series. These documents are the same as the ones in Series XII, but includes two additional years worth of documents. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bfe562b57409aeba3b3010873097f771\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals."],"names_coll_ssim":["Blacksburg Baptist Church (Blacksburg, Va)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Baptist Church (Blacksburg, Va)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Baptist Church (Blacksburg, Va)"],"language_ssim":["Materials in this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":308,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:36:25.622Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207_c04_c07"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_541_c01_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Willis Clemmer Correspondence","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_541_c01_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_541_c01_c02","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_541_c01_c02"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_541_c01_c02","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_541","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_541","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_541_c01","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_541_c01","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_541","vihart_repositories_4_resources_541_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_541","vihart_repositories_4_resources_541_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer papers","Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer papers","Correspondence"],"text":["Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer papers","Correspondence","Willis Clemmer Correspondence"],"title_filing_ssi":"Willis Clemmer Correspondence","title_ssm":["Willis Clemmer Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Willis Clemmer Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1944-1949"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1944/1949"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Willis Clemmer Correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":21,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":45,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:59:39.623Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_541","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_541","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_541","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_541","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_541.xml","title_ssm":["Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer papers"],"title_tesim":["Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1920-2015","1943-1949"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1943-1949"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1920-2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0280","/repositories/4/resources/541"],"text":["SC 0280","/repositories/4/resources/541","Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer papers","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Augusta County (Va.) -- History","Letters (correspondence)","Love letters","Drawings (visual works)","Biographical sketches","Photographs","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged into two series. Series 1: Correspondence is arranged into subseries according to recipient. Each series is arranged chronologically.","Correspondence, 1943-1949 Personal and Biographical Papers, 1920-2015","Obituary of Willis Lee Clemmer,  The News Leader , July 12, 2013.","The Schoolma'am , 1948. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","The Schoolma'am , 1949. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","Betty Brown Clemmer was born in Chesterfield County, Virginia to Ruth Leigh Moseley Brown (1905-1998) and Henry Brown (1906-1985). After graduating as valedictorian from Buckhorn High School, Betty enrolled at Madison College in the fall of 1947 to pursue her studies in home economics education. Betty was a member of the German Club and Granddaughters' Club as her mother also attended the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg. While in Harrisonburg, Betty met Willis Clemmer of Staunton, Virginia and they were engaged in March 1948. She decided to postpone her college career in January 1949 in preparation for marrying Willis in April 1949. She returned to Madison College and graduated in 1966 with a bachelor's degree. Betty went on to teach elementary school for 29 years and volunteered at the Woodrow Wilson Birthplace Museum and Augusta Health Center.","Willis Clemmer (1926-2013) was born near Fairfield, Virginia to Viola Ralston Clemmer and Alva Lewis Clemmer. During WWII, while attending Lee High School in Staunton, Willis enlisted as a cadet pilot in the Army Air Forces, returning after the war to complete his high school degree. For a short period of time in 1946, Willis also enrolled in Shenandoah College in Dayton, Virginia. After graduating from Dunsmore Business College, Willis worked for Smith's Transfer, Westinghouse, and Staunton's Public Work Department. He had a particular fascination with automobiles and was a member of the Model A Ford Club of American and the Antique Automobile Club of America.","The Seawright Springs (Augusta County, Virginia) history compiled by Ralph Coffman was originally housed in a three-ring binder with each page in a plastic sleeve. The history was disbound and the plastic sleeves discarded. The pages were foldered together and in their orginal order in an acid-free folder. All pieces of correspondence were removed from their respective envelopes. The letters and envelopes were joined with a slip of acid-free paper and a stainless steel paper clip.","The Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer Papers, 1920-2015 (bulk 1943-1949), largely comprise correspondence between Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer during their courtship while Betty was a student at Madison College. Other papers relate to Betty's coursework at Madison College including art drawings and program cards, Willis' service in the Army Air Forces including a patch and correspondence from the Veterans Administration, and family biographies and histories related to Augusta County.","Two self-published local history publications were removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer Papers, 1920-2015 (bulk 1943-1949), largely comprise correspondence between Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer during their courtship while Betty was a student at Madison College. Other papers relate to Betty's coursework at Madison College, Willis' service in the Army Air Forces, and family biographies.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- History","Clemmer, Betty Brown","Clemmer, Willis, 1926-2013","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0280","/repositories/4/resources/541"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer papers"],"collection_ssim":["Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Augusta County (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Augusta County (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Clemmer, Betty Brown","Clemmer, Willis, 1926-2013","Clemmer, Betty Brown"],"creator_ssim":["Clemmer, Betty Brown","Clemmer, Willis, 1926-2013","Clemmer, Betty Brown"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Clemmer, Betty Brown","Clemmer, Willis, 1926-2013","Clemmer, Betty Brown"],"creators_ssim":["Clemmer, Betty Brown","Clemmer, Willis, 1926-2013","Clemmer, Betty Brown"],"places_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History","Augusta County (Va.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Betty Brown Clemmer in August 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Love letters","Drawings (visual works)","Biographical sketches","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Letters (correspondence)","Love letters","Drawings (visual works)","Biographical sketches","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.72 cubic feet 5 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.72 cubic feet 5 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Love letters","Drawings (visual works)","Biographical sketches","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into two series. Series 1: Correspondence is arranged into subseries according to recipient. Each series is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1943-1949\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePersonal and Biographical Papers, 1920-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into two series. Series 1: Correspondence is arranged into subseries according to recipient. Each series is arranged chronologically.","Correspondence, 1943-1949 Personal and Biographical Papers, 1920-2015"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eObituary of Willis Lee Clemmer, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe News Leader\u003c/emph\u003e, July 12, 2013.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Schoolma'am\u003c/emph\u003e, 1948. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Schoolma'am\u003c/emph\u003e, 1949. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Obituary of Willis Lee Clemmer,  The News Leader , July 12, 2013.","The Schoolma'am , 1948. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College.","The Schoolma'am , 1949. Harrisonburg (Va.): Madison College."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBetty Brown Clemmer was born in Chesterfield County, Virginia to Ruth Leigh Moseley Brown (1905-1998) and Henry Brown (1906-1985). After graduating as valedictorian from Buckhorn High School, Betty enrolled at Madison College in the fall of 1947 to pursue her studies in home economics education. Betty was a member of the German Club and Granddaughters' Club as her mother also attended the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg. While in Harrisonburg, Betty met Willis Clemmer of Staunton, Virginia and they were engaged in March 1948. She decided to postpone her college career in January 1949 in preparation for marrying Willis in April 1949. She returned to Madison College and graduated in 1966 with a bachelor's degree. Betty went on to teach elementary school for 29 years and volunteered at the Woodrow Wilson Birthplace Museum and Augusta Health Center.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWillis Clemmer (1926-2013) was born near Fairfield, Virginia to Viola Ralston Clemmer and Alva Lewis Clemmer. During WWII, while attending Lee High School in Staunton, Willis enlisted as a cadet pilot in the Army Air Forces, returning after the war to complete his high school degree. For a short period of time in 1946, Willis also enrolled in Shenandoah College in Dayton, Virginia. After graduating from Dunsmore Business College, Willis worked for Smith's Transfer, Westinghouse, and Staunton's Public Work Department. He had a particular fascination with automobiles and was a member of the Model A Ford Club of American and the Antique Automobile Club of America.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Betty Brown Clemmer was born in Chesterfield County, Virginia to Ruth Leigh Moseley Brown (1905-1998) and Henry Brown (1906-1985). After graduating as valedictorian from Buckhorn High School, Betty enrolled at Madison College in the fall of 1947 to pursue her studies in home economics education. Betty was a member of the German Club and Granddaughters' Club as her mother also attended the State Teachers College at Harrisonburg. While in Harrisonburg, Betty met Willis Clemmer of Staunton, Virginia and they were engaged in March 1948. She decided to postpone her college career in January 1949 in preparation for marrying Willis in April 1949. She returned to Madison College and graduated in 1966 with a bachelor's degree. Betty went on to teach elementary school for 29 years and volunteered at the Woodrow Wilson Birthplace Museum and Augusta Health Center.","Willis Clemmer (1926-2013) was born near Fairfield, Virginia to Viola Ralston Clemmer and Alva Lewis Clemmer. During WWII, while attending Lee High School in Staunton, Willis enlisted as a cadet pilot in the Army Air Forces, returning after the war to complete his high school degree. For a short period of time in 1946, Willis also enrolled in Shenandoah College in Dayton, Virginia. After graduating from Dunsmore Business College, Willis worked for Smith's Transfer, Westinghouse, and Staunton's Public Work Department. He had a particular fascination with automobiles and was a member of the Model A Ford Club of American and the Antique Automobile Club of America."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of Item], [Identifier, box/container]. Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer papers, SC 0280. James Madison University Libraries Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer Papers, 1920-2015 (bulk 1943-1949), SC 0280, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of Item], [Identifier, box/container]. Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer papers, SC 0280. James Madison University Libraries Special Collections.","[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer Papers, 1920-2015 (bulk 1943-1949), SC 0280, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Seawright Springs (Augusta County, Virginia) history compiled by Ralph Coffman was originally housed in a three-ring binder with each page in a plastic sleeve. The history was disbound and the plastic sleeves discarded. The pages were foldered together and in their orginal order in an acid-free folder. All pieces of correspondence were removed from their respective envelopes. The letters and envelopes were joined with a slip of acid-free paper and a stainless steel paper clip.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Seawright Springs (Augusta County, Virginia) history compiled by Ralph Coffman was originally housed in a three-ring binder with each page in a plastic sleeve. The history was disbound and the plastic sleeves discarded. The pages were foldered together and in their orginal order in an acid-free folder. All pieces of correspondence were removed from their respective envelopes. The letters and envelopes were joined with a slip of acid-free paper and a stainless steel paper clip."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer Papers, 1920-2015 (bulk 1943-1949), largely comprise correspondence between Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer during their courtship while Betty was a student at Madison College. Other papers relate to Betty's coursework at Madison College including art drawings and program cards, Willis' service in the Army Air Forces including a patch and correspondence from the Veterans Administration, and family biographies and histories related to Augusta County.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer Papers, 1920-2015 (bulk 1943-1949), largely comprise correspondence between Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer during their courtship while Betty was a student at Madison College. Other papers relate to Betty's coursework at Madison College including art drawings and program cards, Willis' service in the Army Air Forces including a patch and correspondence from the Veterans Administration, and family biographies and histories related to Augusta County."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo self-published local history publications were removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Two self-published local history publications were removed from the collection and cataloged separately."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_b6bfd9caf198153b7116f55373de457e\"\u003eThe Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer Papers, 1920-2015 (bulk 1943-1949), largely comprise correspondence between Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer during their courtship while Betty was a student at Madison College. Other papers relate to Betty's coursework at Madison College, Willis' service in the Army Air Forces, and family biographies.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer Papers, 1920-2015 (bulk 1943-1949), largely comprise correspondence between Betty Brown Clemmer and Willis Clemmer during their courtship while Betty was a student at Madison College. Other papers relate to Betty's coursework at Madison College, Willis' service in the Army Air Forces, and family biographies."],"names_coll_ssim":["Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- History","Clemmer, Betty Brown"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- History","Clemmer, Betty Brown","Clemmer, Willis, 1926-2013"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- Students -- Social life and customs","Madison College -- Alumni and alumnae","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- History"],"persname_ssim":["Clemmer, Betty Brown","Clemmer, Willis, 1926-2013"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":76,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:59:39.623Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_541_c01_c02"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03_c36","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Wils-Wri","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03_c36#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03_c36","ref_ssm":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03_c36"],"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03_c36","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03","parent_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03","parent_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c11_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["O.W. 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Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"language_ssim":["English ."],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 76"],"_nest_path_":"/components#10/components#2/components#35","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:52:19.935Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_231.xml","title_ssm":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"title_tesim":["O.W. 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Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Propaganda ","Journalism"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Propaganda ","Journalism"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["75 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["75 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOscar Wetherhold Riegel, also known as Tom, was born in Reading, PA in 1903. 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Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Highlights of this collection include material concerning the Washington and Lee Journalism Department, including course material, student papers, and lecture notes. Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Riegel, O. W. 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Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945],"language_ssim":["Mostly English, Leaflets and other propaganda pieces are in a variety of languages, primarily German, Japanese, and English, but also some Polish, French, Dutch, and Italian."],"containers_ssim":["box 2-4","folder 75-279","box 5-6","box 1-5","box 11","Oversize 1"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems in this subseries are related to the World War II era in both of the main theaters of war. Some items of note include propaganda leaflets in a variety of languages including German and Japanese, documents from various government agencies including the Office of War Information, and some ephemeral materials used as propaganda during the war.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Items in this subseries are related to the World War II era in both of the main theaters of war. Some items of note include propaganda leaflets in a variety of languages including German and Japanese, documents from various government agencies including the Office of War Information, and some ephemeral materials used as propaganda during the war."],"_nest_path_":"/components#8/components#3","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:52:19.935Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_231.xml","title_ssm":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"title_tesim":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1900-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-1992"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0387","/repositories/5/resources/231"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0387","/repositories/5/resources/231","O.W. Riegel Papers","Propaganda ","Journalism","This collection is open to research use.","Oscar Wetherhold Riegel, also known as Tom, was born in Reading, PA in 1903. Riegel's professional career began as a reporter and editor for the Chicago Tribune in the 1920s. He then shifted his focus to the information gathering and application, attaining a Bachelor's degree in the field from Dartmouth College and later attending Washington and Lee University. ","Riegel became an internationally-known expert on the topic of propaganda in the 1930s after extensive studies of its importance in modern politics. His monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos: The Story of the New Propaganda, was published in 1934 and focused on the role propaganda was playing in the rise of National Socialism in Germany.\nIn his studies he amassed an extensive collection of American, European, and Asian propaganda spanning World War I through the Cold War. Aspects of his compilation of propaganda studies are included within this collection.\nRiegel joined the Washington and Lee University Journalism Department in 1930 and was named department head in 1934. He served as department head until his retirement in 1973. During his tenure with the university, he taught various courses on film, journalism, propaganda, and information application.\nHe passed away in 1997 in Lexington, VA.","Highlights of this collection include material concerning the Washington and Lee Journalism Department, including course material, student papers, and lecture notes. Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\"","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Cole, Fred Carrington","Gaines, Francis Pendleton","Labro, Philippe","Davis, J. Paxton","Lauck, Charles Harold","Booth, Augustus Lea","Shultz Charles","Moss, John E. (John Emerson), 1913 - 1997","Kenneth Bald","McGovern, George","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0387","/repositories/5/resources/231"],"normalized_title_ssm":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"collection_ssim":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"creator_ssm":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt"],"creator_ssim":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt"],"creators_ssim":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Propaganda ","Journalism"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Propaganda ","Journalism"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["75 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["75 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOscar Wetherhold Riegel, also known as Tom, was born in Reading, PA in 1903. Riegel's professional career began as a reporter and editor for the Chicago Tribune in the 1920s. He then shifted his focus to the information gathering and application, attaining a Bachelor's degree in the field from Dartmouth College and later attending Washington and Lee University. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRiegel became an internationally-known expert on the topic of propaganda in the 1930s after extensive studies of its importance in modern politics. His monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos: The Story of the New Propaganda, was published in 1934 and focused on the role propaganda was playing in the rise of National Socialism in Germany.\nIn his studies he amassed an extensive collection of American, European, and Asian propaganda spanning World War I through the Cold War. Aspects of his compilation of propaganda studies are included within this collection.\nRiegel joined the Washington and Lee University Journalism Department in 1930 and was named department head in 1934. He served as department head until his retirement in 1973. During his tenure with the university, he taught various courses on film, journalism, propaganda, and information application.\nHe passed away in 1997 in Lexington, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Oscar Wetherhold Riegel, also known as Tom, was born in Reading, PA in 1903. Riegel's professional career began as a reporter and editor for the Chicago Tribune in the 1920s. He then shifted his focus to the information gathering and application, attaining a Bachelor's degree in the field from Dartmouth College and later attending Washington and Lee University. ","Riegel became an internationally-known expert on the topic of propaganda in the 1930s after extensive studies of its importance in modern politics. His monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos: The Story of the New Propaganda, was published in 1934 and focused on the role propaganda was playing in the rise of National Socialism in Germany.\nIn his studies he amassed an extensive collection of American, European, and Asian propaganda spanning World War I through the Cold War. Aspects of his compilation of propaganda studies are included within this collection.\nRiegel joined the Washington and Lee University Journalism Department in 1930 and was named department head in 1934. He served as department head until his retirement in 1973. During his tenure with the university, he taught various courses on film, journalism, propaganda, and information application.\nHe passed away in 1997 in Lexington, VA."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePreferred citation: [Identification of item], O.W. Riegel Collection, WLU Coll. 0387, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA. \u003cp\u003eIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Preferred citation: [Identification of item], O.W. Riegel Collection, WLU Coll. 0387, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.  In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHighlights of this collection include material concerning the Washington and Lee Journalism Department, including course material, student papers, and lecture notes. Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Highlights of this collection include material concerning the Washington and Lee Journalism Department, including course material, student papers, and lecture notes. Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Cole, Fred Carrington","Gaines, Francis Pendleton","Labro, Philippe","Davis, J. Paxton","Lauck, Charles Harold","Booth, Augustus Lea","Shultz Charles","Moss, John E. (John Emerson), 1913 - 1997","Kenneth Bald","McGovern, George"],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Riegel, Hunt"],"persname_ssim":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Cole, Fred Carrington","Gaines, Francis Pendleton","Labro, Philippe","Davis, J. Paxton","Lauck, Charles Harold","Booth, Augustus Lea","Shultz Charles","Moss, John E. (John Emerson), 1913 - 1997","Kenneth Bald","McGovern, George"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2584,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:52:19.935Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c09_c04"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c12","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Wrestling","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c12#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c12","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c12"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c12","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","University Athletics"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","University Athletics"],"text":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","University Athletics","Wrestling"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wrestling","title_ssm":["Wrestling"],"title_tesim":["Wrestling"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1921-1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1921/1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wrestling"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":408,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"_nest_path_":"/components#33/components#11","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:44:54.922Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3151.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","title_ssm":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1870s-c. 1960s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c. 1870s-c. 1960s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["VerticalFile.006"],"text":["VerticalFile.006","Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","Blacksburg (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History","The collection is open for research.","Mounted Clippings are arranged by subject, primarily alphabetically.","The guide to the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description was completed by Special Collections staff prior to 2015. The finding aid was completed in August 2015. The re-integration of Mo56a-i, Association of Married Students was completed in October 2019.","See also Vertical Files (successors to the mounted clippings): Biographical Vertical Files Blacksburg Vertical Files Montgomery County/Christiansburg Vertical Files Record Group Vertical Files Southwest Virginia Vertical Files","In general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","In general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university. The collection was primarily collected by library staff through the 1960s.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["VerticalFile.006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Newman Library staff collected materials for mounted clippings through the 1960s."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["64 Cubic Feet 147 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["64 Cubic Feet 147 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMounted Clippings are arranged by subject, primarily alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Mounted Clippings are arranged by subject, primarily alphabetically."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [number of card], Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [number of card], Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description was completed by Special Collections staff prior to 2015. The finding aid was completed in August 2015. The re-integration of Mo56a-i, Association of Married Students was completed in October 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description was completed by Special Collections staff prior to 2015. The finding aid was completed in August 2015. The re-integration of Mo56a-i, Association of Married Students was completed in October 2019."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003chead\u003eSee also Vertical Files (successors to the mounted clippings):\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01185.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBiographical Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01042.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBlacksburg Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01043.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMontgomery County/Christiansburg Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01186.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eRecord Group Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01044.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSouthwest Virginia Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also Vertical Files (successors to the mounted clippings): Biographical Vertical Files Blacksburg Vertical Files Montgomery County/Christiansburg Vertical Files Record Group Vertical Files Southwest Virginia Vertical Files"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["In general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2bfd88fb1d82a46fb92b3adac8eb3bf1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eIn general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university. The collection was primarily collected by library staff through the 1960s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["In general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. 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