{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1934\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=82","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1934\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=81","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1934\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=83","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1934\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=96"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":82,"next_page":83,"prev_page":81,"total_pages":96,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":810,"total_count":952,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01_c04","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series D: Norfolk-Proposed Federal Taxation of State Bonds","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01_c04","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01_c04"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01_c04","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_138","vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_138","vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Joseph D. Wood Papers","Series I: Personal Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers","Series I: Personal Papers"],"text":["Joseph D. Wood Papers","Series I: Personal Papers","Sub-Series D: Norfolk-Proposed Federal Taxation of State Bonds"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series D: Norfolk-Proposed Federal Taxation of State Bonds","title_ssm":["Sub-Series D: Norfolk-Proposed Federal Taxation of State Bonds"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series D: Norfolk-Proposed Federal Taxation of State Bonds"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1923-1951, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1923/1951"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series D: Norfolk-Proposed Federal Taxation of State Bonds"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":46,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#3","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:40:26.566Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_138","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_138.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/138","title_filing_ssi":"Wood, Joseph D.","title_ssm":["Joseph D. Wood Papers"],"title_tesim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1917-1951, undated","Date acquired: 03/01/1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1917-1951, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 03/01/1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 3","/repositories/5/resources/138"],"text":["MG 3","/repositories/5/resources/138","Joseph D. Wood Papers","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The papers, dating from 1920 to 1951, are divided into six series: Series I: Personal; Series 2: Public Service (Non-Political); Series III: Business; Series IV: Mayoral Files; Series V: City of Norfolk Data; and Series VI: Political Papers. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed.","Joseph Downing Wood was born on February 22, 1867, on a farm in Washington Co., North Carolina. He was the first of nine children born to Samuel and Pattie Downing Wood. He left the family farm in 1886 to seek his fortune in Norfolk, Virginia. Here he found work as an apprentice seaman, largely on coastal ships. By the age of 21, he was a licensed seaman and at 23, a master seaman on a tugboat. By 1900 Wood had risen to the position of Yard Pilot for the Norfolk Navy Yard in Portsmouth. During World I he was commissioned as a Lt. Commander in the Navy Reserve and served as director of tugs and all floating equipment in the Fifth Naval District.\nAfter the war Wood founded his towing company, beginning with one tug and one barge, neither of which was paid for. By the time he sold his Wood Towing Corporation for $1,500,000 in 1951, the company controlled a whole fleet of tugs. Wood had sold his business rather than agree to the demands of his employees for unionization.\nWood was almost 60 when he first entered the political arena and was elected to the Norfolk City Council in 1926. He was reelected to the council in 1934, 1938, and 1942. He became ex-officio mayor of Norfolk when he was elected president of the council in September, 1940. Wood served as mayor, until his retirement from politics in 1944, during an extremely busy period for a defense oriented city like Norfolk. Economy was Wood's watchword as a politician. Being a staunch conservative, he firmly believed in the \"pay as you go\" philosophy, which dominated Virginia politics during the period in which he was active.\nJoseph Downing Wood married Ada Estelle Burnell on June 2, 1896. They had one child, Margaret (Mrs. Burton DeBerry Melchor). Wood died on April 16, 1959.","Note written by James F. Walsh","Captain Wood was president of Wood Towing Corporation (Tugboats), a member of the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944), and mayor of Norfolk (1940-1944). He also served on a number of public boards, most notably the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. His papers are divided into six sub-groups: personal, public service (non-political), business, mayoral files, City of Norfolk data, and polltical papers. The personal papers contain some family genealogy, correspondence, his autobiography, and a variety of financial records. The public service papers deal mainly with his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. The business papers consist of correspondence, tug repair estimates and labor relations files. The bulk of the mayoral files are correspondence, while the City of Norfolk material focuses on financial data and is not duplicated by material found at Norfolk City Hall. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","President of the Wood Towing Company (Tugboats). Served on the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944) and as Mayor (1940-1944) during World War II. Collection contains business papers, mayoral files, correspondence and the papers of his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission.","ODU Community Collections","Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 3","/repositories/5/resources/138"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joseph D. Wood Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Joseph D. Wood Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"creator_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"creators_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Burton deBerry Melchor III, in honor of his mother Margaret Wood, daughter of Captain Wood","Gift. Accession #A76-9"],"access_subjects_ssim":["City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk"],"access_subjects_ssm":["City council members--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Mayors--Virginia--Norfolk"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.60 Linear Feet","19 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["7.60 Linear Feet","19 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers, dating from 1920 to 1951, are divided into six series: Series I: Personal; Series 2: Public Service (Non-Political); Series III: Business; Series IV: Mayoral Files; Series V: City of Norfolk Data; and Series VI: Political Papers. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers, dating from 1920 to 1951, are divided into six series: Series I: Personal; Series 2: Public Service (Non-Political); Series III: Business; Series IV: Mayoral Files; Series V: City of Norfolk Data; and Series VI: Political Papers. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph Downing Wood was born on February 22, 1867, on a farm in Washington Co., North Carolina. He was the first of nine children born to Samuel and Pattie Downing Wood. He left the family farm in 1886 to seek his fortune in Norfolk, Virginia. Here he found work as an apprentice seaman, largely on coastal ships. By the age of 21, he was a licensed seaman and at 23, a master seaman on a tugboat. By 1900 Wood had risen to the position of Yard Pilot for the Norfolk Navy Yard in Portsmouth. During World I he was commissioned as a Lt. Commander in the Navy Reserve and served as director of tugs and all floating equipment in the Fifth Naval District.\nAfter the war Wood founded his towing company, beginning with one tug and one barge, neither of which was paid for. By the time he sold his Wood Towing Corporation for $1,500,000 in 1951, the company controlled a whole fleet of tugs. Wood had sold his business rather than agree to the demands of his employees for unionization.\nWood was almost 60 when he first entered the political arena and was elected to the Norfolk City Council in 1926. He was reelected to the council in 1934, 1938, and 1942. He became ex-officio mayor of Norfolk when he was elected president of the council in September, 1940. Wood served as mayor, until his retirement from politics in 1944, during an extremely busy period for a defense oriented city like Norfolk. Economy was Wood's watchword as a politician. Being a staunch conservative, he firmly believed in the \"pay as you go\" philosophy, which dominated Virginia politics during the period in which he was active.\nJoseph Downing Wood married Ada Estelle Burnell on June 2, 1896. They had one child, Margaret (Mrs. Burton DeBerry Melchor). Wood died on April 16, 1959.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by James F. Walsh\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph Downing Wood was born on February 22, 1867, on a farm in Washington Co., North Carolina. He was the first of nine children born to Samuel and Pattie Downing Wood. He left the family farm in 1886 to seek his fortune in Norfolk, Virginia. Here he found work as an apprentice seaman, largely on coastal ships. By the age of 21, he was a licensed seaman and at 23, a master seaman on a tugboat. By 1900 Wood had risen to the position of Yard Pilot for the Norfolk Navy Yard in Portsmouth. During World I he was commissioned as a Lt. Commander in the Navy Reserve and served as director of tugs and all floating equipment in the Fifth Naval District.\nAfter the war Wood founded his towing company, beginning with one tug and one barge, neither of which was paid for. By the time he sold his Wood Towing Corporation for $1,500,000 in 1951, the company controlled a whole fleet of tugs. Wood had sold his business rather than agree to the demands of his employees for unionization.\nWood was almost 60 when he first entered the political arena and was elected to the Norfolk City Council in 1926. He was reelected to the council in 1934, 1938, and 1942. He became ex-officio mayor of Norfolk when he was elected president of the council in September, 1940. Wood served as mayor, until his retirement from politics in 1944, during an extremely busy period for a defense oriented city like Norfolk. Economy was Wood's watchword as a politician. Being a staunch conservative, he firmly believed in the \"pay as you go\" philosophy, which dominated Virginia politics during the period in which he was active.\nJoseph Downing Wood married Ada Estelle Burnell on June 2, 1896. They had one child, Margaret (Mrs. Burton DeBerry Melchor). Wood died on April 16, 1959.","Note written by James F. Walsh"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Joseph D. Wood Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Joseph D. Wood Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCaptain Wood was president of Wood Towing Corporation (Tugboats), a member of the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944), and mayor of Norfolk (1940-1944). He also served on a number of public boards, most notably the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. His papers are divided into six sub-groups: personal, public service (non-political), business, mayoral files, City of Norfolk data, and polltical papers. The personal papers contain some family genealogy, correspondence, his autobiography, and a variety of financial records. The public service papers deal mainly with his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. The business papers consist of correspondence, tug repair estimates and labor relations files. The bulk of the mayoral files are correspondence, while the City of Norfolk material focuses on financial data and is not duplicated by material found at Norfolk City Hall. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Captain Wood was president of Wood Towing Corporation (Tugboats), a member of the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944), and mayor of Norfolk (1940-1944). He also served on a number of public boards, most notably the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. His papers are divided into six sub-groups: personal, public service (non-political), business, mayoral files, City of Norfolk data, and polltical papers. The personal papers contain some family genealogy, correspondence, his autobiography, and a variety of financial records. The public service papers deal mainly with his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission. The business papers consist of correspondence, tug repair estimates and labor relations files. The bulk of the mayoral files are correspondence, while the City of Norfolk material focuses on financial data and is not duplicated by material found at Norfolk City Hall. Where possible Captain Wood's own filing system was followed."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c9aa2d9d971af58ed74c473c666d0adf\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003ePresident of the Wood Towing Company (Tugboats). Served on the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944) and as Mayor (1940-1944) during World War II. Collection contains business papers, mayoral files, correspondence and the papers of his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["President of the Wood Towing Company (Tugboats). Served on the Norfolk City Council (1926-1930, 1934-1944) and as Mayor (1940-1944) during World War II. Collection contains business papers, mayoral files, correspondence and the papers of his service on the Elizabeth River Tunnel Commission."],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"persname_ssim":["Wood, Joseph Downing (1867-1959)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":218,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:40:26.566Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_138_c01_c04"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c02_c04","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series D: Norfolk Zoo/Virginia Zoo","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c02_c04#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series pertains to Caplan's involvement with the Norfolk Zoo which grew to become the Virginia Zoo. Included in this sub-series are materials for the Norfolk/Virginia Zoo tiger habitat fund drive that took place in the mid-1990s.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c02_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c02_c04","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c02_c04"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c02_c04","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c02","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c02","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_16","vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02","vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_16","vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02","vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Paul G. Caplan Papers","Record Group II: Second Accession","Series II: Civic Life"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Paul G. Caplan Papers","Record Group II: Second Accession","Series II: Civic Life"],"text":["Paul G. Caplan Papers","Record Group II: Second Accession","Series II: Civic Life","Sub-Series D: Norfolk Zoo/Virginia Zoo","This sub-series pertains to Caplan's involvement with the Norfolk Zoo which grew to become the Virginia Zoo. Included in this sub-series are materials for the Norfolk/Virginia Zoo tiger habitat fund drive that took place in the mid-1990s."],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series D: Norfolk Zoo/Virginia Zoo","title_ssm":["Sub-Series D: Norfolk Zoo/Virginia Zoo"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series D: Norfolk Zoo/Virginia Zoo"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1925-1993, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1925/1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series D: Norfolk Zoo/Virginia Zoo"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Paul G. Caplan Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":1291,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["A portion of personal records are closed to researchers until 2049."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series pertains to Caplan's involvement with the Norfolk Zoo which grew to become the Virginia Zoo. Included in this sub-series are materials for the Norfolk/Virginia Zoo tiger habitat fund drive that took place in the mid-1990s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series pertains to Caplan's involvement with the Norfolk Zoo which grew to become the Virginia Zoo. Included in this sub-series are materials for the Norfolk/Virginia Zoo tiger habitat fund drive that took place in the mid-1990s."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1/components#3","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:49:30.225Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_16.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/16","title_filing_ssi":"Caplan, Paul G.","title_ssm":["Paul G. Caplan Papers"],"title_tesim":["Paul G. Caplan Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1890-2004, undated","Date acquired: 06/10/2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1890-2004, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/10/2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 78","/repositories/5/resources/16"],"text":["MG 78","/repositories/5/resources/16","Paul G. Caplan Papers","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Pharmacists--Virginia--Norfolk","A portion of personal records are closed to researchers until 2049.","This collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group.","Paul Glasser Caplan was born on August 29, 1918 in Norfolk, Virginia to Phillip and Ida May Glasser Caplan. A sister, Selma Faye Caplan, was born October 10, 1923. In 1963, Caplan married Ruth Kopelove Salasky and became a stepfather to Stanley Jackson Salasky and Marilyn Salasky. Caplan eventually had three step-grandchildren: Stanley's daughter Lauren, and Marilyn's two sons Daniel and Andrew.","Caplan graduated from Maury High School in 1936. He then attended the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary/Virginia Polytechnic Institute, now Old Dominion University, graduating in 1938. Caplan completed his education by graduating from the Medical College of Virginia in 1941 with a degree in pharmacy.","After graduating, Caplan worked at Whelan Drugs in Newport News and Norfolk from 1941-1947. After 1947, he assisted his father in running Caplan's Pharmacy, located on Church and Charlotte Streets that had been purchased by Caplan's Uncle Abe in 1916. When Norfolk redevelopment closed the pharmacy in 1961, Caplan became president of One Stop Drug Shops, a co-operative of nine independent drug stores. Caplan also continued working as a pharmacist, for Red Behrman at Modern Pharmacy on Granby Street, at Frazier Pharmacy on 35th Street and Colonial Avenue, as well as at Central Stores in Roland Park.","Caplan was a member of several professional associations, such as the Tidewater Pharmaceutical Association, Virginia Pharmaceutical Association, and American Pharmaceutical Association, as well as a number of civic and political organizations. For instance, Caplan was a very prominent figure in the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, where he served on the Health and Sanitation, New Residents, Civic Affairs, and Publications committees. Caplan became president of the Norfolk chapter in 1951. Other organizations that Caplan was involved with included the Virginia Jaycees, the Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society.","In regard to the development of the City of Norfolk, Caplan was primarily known via his involvement with the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority (N.P.I.A.), which oversaw the Norfolk International Terminals and Norfolk Municipal Airport, later becoming Norfolk Regional Airport in 1969 and eventually Norfolk International Airport in 1976. From 1962-1987, Caplan served on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, and was chairman from 1974-1987. During his time on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, the Norfolk airport grew from a municipal/ regional airport to an international airport. Caplan vehemently opposed the turnover of the Norfolk International Terminals to the Virginia Port Authority and he told the Virginian-Pilot in 1971 \"the surreptitious handling of Norfolk's interest in these matters concerns me, as it should our city fathers, for surely the port is our city's heartbeat.\" Caplan's opposition to the turnover was not successful and, the Norfolk International Terminal, along with terminals in Portsmouth and Newport News, became part of the Virginia Port Authority in July 1972.","For his service with the N.P.I.A. and to the City of Norfolk, Caplan was awarded a Certificate of Appreciation in July of 1987 for \"recognition of valuable and distinguished service on the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority.\" Two months later, he was honored with a resolution from Norfolk Mayor Joseph A. Leafe that recognized Caplan as an \"advocate of tourism and promotion of the City of Norfolk with regard to the use of air travel,\" and as serving  \"as the Port and Industrial Authority's Representative with the Convention and Visitor's Bureau.\" Caplan was also honored with a bronze plaque in the lobby of Norfolk International Airport.","Other areas of interest for Caplan were city and state politics and religion. He was the co-chair of Roy Martin's City of Norfolk council campaign and served as the \"unofficial first campaign manager\" for Stanley C. Walker, as well as working on campaigns to elect various state senators and delegates from Norfolk. Caplan was a charter member of the local Alpha Zadek Alpha fraternity, Chairman of the Community Relations Committee of the Norfolk Jewish Community Council, assisting in the formation of the Hillel Club at Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary, and a past president of the Tidewater B'nai B'rith lodge.","Education continued to be an interest for Caplan throughout his life. Along with former members of the Junior Chamber of Commerce, Caplan helped establish an informal group named the Monday Morning Group, which met on Wednesdays and featured speakers representing a wide variety of Norfolk civic affairs. Caplan was also active in the Old Dominion University Alumni Association, Norfolk Division Executive Committee.","Caplan passed away in Norfolk on April 13, 2003.","Sources used for biographical/historical note:","Irwin Berent. Norfolk, Virginia: A Jewish History of the 20th Century. (Norfolk, VA: Jewish History USA.com, 2001): vii.","Caplan, Paul G. ODU Alumni Directory 2001. (Norfolk, VA: Bernard Harris Publishing Company, 2001): 173.","Obituaries .  Virginian Pilot. \"Paul Caplan.\" April 15, 2003. B8.","Paul G. Caplan, President, Arnold Gamsey Lodge No. 1195 of B'nai B'rith, 1962-1963. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 3, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","Norfolk  International Airport Mission and Historic Highlights . From  http://www.norfolkairport.com/about-us/mission-history . Accessed on 15 August 2005.","Business. The Virginian-Pilot.  \"Ex-NPIA Chairman Caplan Dies.\" April 15, 2003. D2.","Awards-Transportation Related.  The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 1, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","City of Norfolk Resolution, September 22, 1987. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 7, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","Note written by Kathleen Smith and Susan Catlett","The collection was further processed by Mona Farrow in March 2017. The second accession was arranged and described by Kathleen Smith in 2019.","Lawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. Papers (MG 38); Mason Andrews Papers (MG 62).","The papers of Paul G. Caplan range from around the 1890s to 2004, mostly consisting of materials related to the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, City of Norfolk, Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, Norfolk International Airport, Norfolk/Virginia Zoo, and air transportation in general.  The collection also contains correspondence related to personal life, transportation, politics, community and city issues; clippings and publications pertaining to various subjects including transportation, community relations, and politics; brochures; pharmacy related materials; photographs; and miscellaneous items.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Norfolk pharmacist. Chaired the board of the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, which runs Norfolk International Terminals and the Norfolk International Airport, for thirteen years and was a board member from 1962 to 1987. Served on several political campaign committees, including those of Roy B. Martin and Stanley Walker. Was very active in civic affairs, including the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, Virginia Jaycees, United States Jaycees, Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross, Norfolk Jewish Community Council, and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society.","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Chamber of Commerce","Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority","Norfolk International Airport (Norfolk, Va.)","Virginia Zoo (Norfolk, Va.)","American Red Cross","Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 78","/repositories/5/resources/16"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Paul G. Caplan Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Paul G. Caplan Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Paul G. Caplan Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"creator_ssim":["Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"creators_ssim":["Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Irwin Berent","Gift. Accession #A2003-2. An addition to the collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Pharmacists--Virginia--Norfolk"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Pharmacists--Virginia--Norfolk"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["42.60 Linear Feet","77 Hollinger document cases and 5 oversize boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["42.60 Linear Feet","77 Hollinger document cases and 5 oversize boxes boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA portion of personal records are closed to researchers until 2049.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["A portion of personal records are closed to researchers until 2049."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePaul Glasser Caplan was born on August 29, 1918 in Norfolk, Virginia to Phillip and Ida May Glasser Caplan. A sister, Selma Faye Caplan, was born October 10, 1923. In 1963, Caplan married Ruth Kopelove Salasky and became a stepfather to Stanley Jackson Salasky and Marilyn Salasky. Caplan eventually had three step-grandchildren: Stanley's daughter Lauren, and Marilyn's two sons Daniel and Andrew.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCaplan graduated from Maury High School in 1936. He then attended the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary/Virginia Polytechnic Institute, now Old Dominion University, graduating in 1938. Caplan completed his education by graduating from the Medical College of Virginia in 1941 with a degree in pharmacy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating, Caplan worked at Whelan Drugs in Newport News and Norfolk from 1941-1947. After 1947, he assisted his father in running Caplan's Pharmacy, located on Church and Charlotte Streets that had been purchased by Caplan's Uncle Abe in 1916. When Norfolk redevelopment closed the pharmacy in 1961, Caplan became president of One Stop Drug Shops, a co-operative of nine independent drug stores. Caplan also continued working as a pharmacist, for Red Behrman at Modern Pharmacy on Granby Street, at Frazier Pharmacy on 35th Street and Colonial Avenue, as well as at Central Stores in Roland Park.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCaplan was a member of several professional associations, such as the Tidewater Pharmaceutical Association, Virginia Pharmaceutical Association, and American Pharmaceutical Association, as well as a number of civic and political organizations. For instance, Caplan was a very prominent figure in the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, where he served on the Health and Sanitation, New Residents, Civic Affairs, and Publications committees. Caplan became president of the Norfolk chapter in 1951. Other organizations that Caplan was involved with included the Virginia Jaycees, the Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn regard to the development of the City of Norfolk, Caplan was primarily known via his involvement with the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority (N.P.I.A.), which oversaw the Norfolk International Terminals and Norfolk Municipal Airport, later becoming Norfolk Regional Airport in 1969 and eventually Norfolk International Airport in 1976. From 1962-1987, Caplan served on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, and was chairman from 1974-1987. During his time on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, the Norfolk airport grew from a municipal/ regional airport to an international airport. Caplan vehemently opposed the turnover of the Norfolk International Terminals to the Virginia Port Authority and he told the Virginian-Pilot in 1971 \"the surreptitious handling of Norfolk's interest in these matters concerns me, as it should our city fathers, for surely the port is our city's heartbeat.\" Caplan's opposition to the turnover was not successful and, the Norfolk International Terminal, along with terminals in Portsmouth and Newport News, became part of the Virginia Port Authority in July 1972.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor his service with the N.P.I.A. and to the City of Norfolk, Caplan was awarded a Certificate of Appreciation in July of 1987 for \"recognition of valuable and distinguished service on the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority.\" Two months later, he was honored with a resolution from Norfolk Mayor Joseph A. Leafe that recognized Caplan as an \"advocate of tourism and promotion of the City of Norfolk with regard to the use of air travel,\" and as serving  \"as the Port and Industrial Authority's Representative with the Convention and Visitor's Bureau.\" Caplan was also honored with a bronze plaque in the lobby of Norfolk International Airport.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther areas of interest for Caplan were city and state politics and religion. He was the co-chair of Roy Martin's City of Norfolk council campaign and served as the \"unofficial first campaign manager\" for Stanley C. Walker, as well as working on campaigns to elect various state senators and delegates from Norfolk. Caplan was a charter member of the local Alpha Zadek Alpha fraternity, Chairman of the Community Relations Committee of the Norfolk Jewish Community Council, assisting in the formation of the Hillel Club at Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary, and a past president of the Tidewater B'nai B'rith lodge.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEducation continued to be an interest for Caplan throughout his life. Along with former members of the Junior Chamber of Commerce, Caplan helped establish an informal group named the Monday Morning Group, which met on Wednesdays and featured speakers representing a wide variety of Norfolk civic affairs. Caplan was also active in the Old Dominion University Alumni Association, Norfolk Division Executive Committee.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCaplan passed away in Norfolk on April 13, 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources used for biographical/historical note:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIrwin Berent. Norfolk, Virginia: A Jewish History of the 20th Century. (Norfolk, VA: Jewish History USA.com, 2001): vii.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCaplan, Paul G. ODU Alumni Directory 2001. (Norfolk, VA: Bernard Harris Publishing Company, 2001): 173.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eObituaries\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e. \u003c/emph\u003eVirginian Pilot. \"Paul Caplan.\" April 15, 2003. B8.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePaul G. Caplan, President, Arnold Gamsey Lodge No. 1195 of B'nai B'rith, 1962-1963. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 3, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNorfolk\u003c/emph\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e International Airport Mission and Historic Highlights\u003c/emph\u003e. From \u003cextref href=\"http://www.norfolkairport.com/about-us/mission-history\"\u003ehttp://www.norfolkairport.com/about-us/mission-history\u003c/extref\u003e. Accessed on 15 August 2005.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBusiness. The Virginian-Pilot.  \"Ex-NPIA Chairman Caplan Dies.\" April 15, 2003. D2.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAwards-Transportation Related.  The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 1, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCity of Norfolk Resolution, September 22, 1987. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 7, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Kathleen Smith and Susan Catlett\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Paul Glasser Caplan was born on August 29, 1918 in Norfolk, Virginia to Phillip and Ida May Glasser Caplan. A sister, Selma Faye Caplan, was born October 10, 1923. In 1963, Caplan married Ruth Kopelove Salasky and became a stepfather to Stanley Jackson Salasky and Marilyn Salasky. Caplan eventually had three step-grandchildren: Stanley's daughter Lauren, and Marilyn's two sons Daniel and Andrew.","Caplan graduated from Maury High School in 1936. He then attended the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary/Virginia Polytechnic Institute, now Old Dominion University, graduating in 1938. Caplan completed his education by graduating from the Medical College of Virginia in 1941 with a degree in pharmacy.","After graduating, Caplan worked at Whelan Drugs in Newport News and Norfolk from 1941-1947. After 1947, he assisted his father in running Caplan's Pharmacy, located on Church and Charlotte Streets that had been purchased by Caplan's Uncle Abe in 1916. When Norfolk redevelopment closed the pharmacy in 1961, Caplan became president of One Stop Drug Shops, a co-operative of nine independent drug stores. Caplan also continued working as a pharmacist, for Red Behrman at Modern Pharmacy on Granby Street, at Frazier Pharmacy on 35th Street and Colonial Avenue, as well as at Central Stores in Roland Park.","Caplan was a member of several professional associations, such as the Tidewater Pharmaceutical Association, Virginia Pharmaceutical Association, and American Pharmaceutical Association, as well as a number of civic and political organizations. For instance, Caplan was a very prominent figure in the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, where he served on the Health and Sanitation, New Residents, Civic Affairs, and Publications committees. Caplan became president of the Norfolk chapter in 1951. Other organizations that Caplan was involved with included the Virginia Jaycees, the Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society.","In regard to the development of the City of Norfolk, Caplan was primarily known via his involvement with the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority (N.P.I.A.), which oversaw the Norfolk International Terminals and Norfolk Municipal Airport, later becoming Norfolk Regional Airport in 1969 and eventually Norfolk International Airport in 1976. From 1962-1987, Caplan served on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, and was chairman from 1974-1987. During his time on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, the Norfolk airport grew from a municipal/ regional airport to an international airport. Caplan vehemently opposed the turnover of the Norfolk International Terminals to the Virginia Port Authority and he told the Virginian-Pilot in 1971 \"the surreptitious handling of Norfolk's interest in these matters concerns me, as it should our city fathers, for surely the port is our city's heartbeat.\" Caplan's opposition to the turnover was not successful and, the Norfolk International Terminal, along with terminals in Portsmouth and Newport News, became part of the Virginia Port Authority in July 1972.","For his service with the N.P.I.A. and to the City of Norfolk, Caplan was awarded a Certificate of Appreciation in July of 1987 for \"recognition of valuable and distinguished service on the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority.\" Two months later, he was honored with a resolution from Norfolk Mayor Joseph A. Leafe that recognized Caplan as an \"advocate of tourism and promotion of the City of Norfolk with regard to the use of air travel,\" and as serving  \"as the Port and Industrial Authority's Representative with the Convention and Visitor's Bureau.\" Caplan was also honored with a bronze plaque in the lobby of Norfolk International Airport.","Other areas of interest for Caplan were city and state politics and religion. He was the co-chair of Roy Martin's City of Norfolk council campaign and served as the \"unofficial first campaign manager\" for Stanley C. Walker, as well as working on campaigns to elect various state senators and delegates from Norfolk. Caplan was a charter member of the local Alpha Zadek Alpha fraternity, Chairman of the Community Relations Committee of the Norfolk Jewish Community Council, assisting in the formation of the Hillel Club at Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary, and a past president of the Tidewater B'nai B'rith lodge.","Education continued to be an interest for Caplan throughout his life. Along with former members of the Junior Chamber of Commerce, Caplan helped establish an informal group named the Monday Morning Group, which met on Wednesdays and featured speakers representing a wide variety of Norfolk civic affairs. Caplan was also active in the Old Dominion University Alumni Association, Norfolk Division Executive Committee.","Caplan passed away in Norfolk on April 13, 2003.","Sources used for biographical/historical note:","Irwin Berent. Norfolk, Virginia: A Jewish History of the 20th Century. (Norfolk, VA: Jewish History USA.com, 2001): vii.","Caplan, Paul G. ODU Alumni Directory 2001. (Norfolk, VA: Bernard Harris Publishing Company, 2001): 173.","Obituaries .  Virginian Pilot. \"Paul Caplan.\" April 15, 2003. B8.","Paul G. Caplan, President, Arnold Gamsey Lodge No. 1195 of B'nai B'rith, 1962-1963. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 3, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","Norfolk  International Airport Mission and Historic Highlights . From  http://www.norfolkairport.com/about-us/mission-history . Accessed on 15 August 2005.","Business. The Virginian-Pilot.  \"Ex-NPIA Chairman Caplan Dies.\" April 15, 2003. D2.","Awards-Transportation Related.  The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 1, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","City of Norfolk Resolution, September 22, 1987. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 7, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","Note written by Kathleen Smith and Susan Catlett"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was further processed by Mona Farrow in March 2017. The second accession was arranged and described by Kathleen Smith in 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was further processed by Mona Farrow in March 2017. The second accession was arranged and described by Kathleen Smith in 2019."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. Papers (MG 38); Mason Andrews Papers (MG 62).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Lawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. Papers (MG 38); Mason Andrews Papers (MG 62)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Paul G. Caplan range from around the 1890s to 2004, mostly consisting of materials related to the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, City of Norfolk, Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, Norfolk International Airport, Norfolk/Virginia Zoo, and air transportation in general.  The collection also contains correspondence related to personal life, transportation, politics, community and city issues; clippings and publications pertaining to various subjects including transportation, community relations, and politics; brochures; pharmacy related materials; photographs; and miscellaneous items.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Paul G. Caplan range from around the 1890s to 2004, mostly consisting of materials related to the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, City of Norfolk, Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, Norfolk International Airport, Norfolk/Virginia Zoo, and air transportation in general.  The collection also contains correspondence related to personal life, transportation, politics, community and city issues; clippings and publications pertaining to various subjects including transportation, community relations, and politics; brochures; pharmacy related materials; photographs; and miscellaneous items."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c74c1f93c4a2941abd6735e1ca8cd215\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eNorfolk pharmacist. Chaired the board of the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, which runs Norfolk International Terminals and the Norfolk International Airport, for thirteen years and was a board member from 1962 to 1987. Served on several political campaign committees, including those of Roy B. Martin and Stanley Walker. Was very active in civic affairs, including the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, Virginia Jaycees, United States Jaycees, Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross, Norfolk Jewish Community Council, and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Norfolk pharmacist. Chaired the board of the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, which runs Norfolk International Terminals and the Norfolk International Airport, for thirteen years and was a board member from 1962 to 1987. Served on several political campaign committees, including those of Roy B. Martin and Stanley Walker. Was very active in civic affairs, including the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, Virginia Jaycees, United States Jaycees, Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross, Norfolk Jewish Community Council, and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society."],"names_coll_ssim":["Norfolk Chamber of Commerce","Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority","Norfolk International Airport (Norfolk, Va.)","Virginia Zoo (Norfolk, Va.)","American Red Cross"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Chamber of Commerce","Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority","Norfolk International Airport (Norfolk, Va.)","Virginia Zoo (Norfolk, Va.)","American Red Cross","Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Chamber of Commerce","Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority","Norfolk International Airport (Norfolk, Va.)","Virginia Zoo (Norfolk, Va.)","American Red Cross"],"persname_ssim":["Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1445,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:49:30.225Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c02_c04"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01_c04","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series D: Photographs","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01_c04#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series includes photographs of Caplan and various family members.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01_c04","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01_c04"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01_c04","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_16","vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02","vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_16","vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02","vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Paul G. Caplan Papers","Record Group II: Second Accession","Series I: Personal"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Paul G. Caplan Papers","Record Group II: Second Accession","Series I: Personal"],"text":["Paul G. Caplan Papers","Record Group II: Second Accession","Series I: Personal","Sub-Series D: Photographs","This sub-series includes photographs of Caplan and various family members."],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series D: Photographs","title_ssm":["Sub-Series D: Photographs"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series D: Photographs"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1918-2003"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1918/2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series D: Photographs"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Paul G. 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Caplan Papers"],"title_tesim":["Paul G. Caplan Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1890-2004, undated","Date acquired: 06/10/2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1890-2004, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/10/2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 78","/repositories/5/resources/16"],"text":["MG 78","/repositories/5/resources/16","Paul G. Caplan Papers","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Pharmacists--Virginia--Norfolk","A portion of personal records are closed to researchers until 2049.","This collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group.","Paul Glasser Caplan was born on August 29, 1918 in Norfolk, Virginia to Phillip and Ida May Glasser Caplan. A sister, Selma Faye Caplan, was born October 10, 1923. In 1963, Caplan married Ruth Kopelove Salasky and became a stepfather to Stanley Jackson Salasky and Marilyn Salasky. Caplan eventually had three step-grandchildren: Stanley's daughter Lauren, and Marilyn's two sons Daniel and Andrew.","Caplan graduated from Maury High School in 1936. He then attended the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary/Virginia Polytechnic Institute, now Old Dominion University, graduating in 1938. Caplan completed his education by graduating from the Medical College of Virginia in 1941 with a degree in pharmacy.","After graduating, Caplan worked at Whelan Drugs in Newport News and Norfolk from 1941-1947. After 1947, he assisted his father in running Caplan's Pharmacy, located on Church and Charlotte Streets that had been purchased by Caplan's Uncle Abe in 1916. When Norfolk redevelopment closed the pharmacy in 1961, Caplan became president of One Stop Drug Shops, a co-operative of nine independent drug stores. Caplan also continued working as a pharmacist, for Red Behrman at Modern Pharmacy on Granby Street, at Frazier Pharmacy on 35th Street and Colonial Avenue, as well as at Central Stores in Roland Park.","Caplan was a member of several professional associations, such as the Tidewater Pharmaceutical Association, Virginia Pharmaceutical Association, and American Pharmaceutical Association, as well as a number of civic and political organizations. For instance, Caplan was a very prominent figure in the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, where he served on the Health and Sanitation, New Residents, Civic Affairs, and Publications committees. Caplan became president of the Norfolk chapter in 1951. Other organizations that Caplan was involved with included the Virginia Jaycees, the Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society.","In regard to the development of the City of Norfolk, Caplan was primarily known via his involvement with the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority (N.P.I.A.), which oversaw the Norfolk International Terminals and Norfolk Municipal Airport, later becoming Norfolk Regional Airport in 1969 and eventually Norfolk International Airport in 1976. From 1962-1987, Caplan served on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, and was chairman from 1974-1987. During his time on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, the Norfolk airport grew from a municipal/ regional airport to an international airport. Caplan vehemently opposed the turnover of the Norfolk International Terminals to the Virginia Port Authority and he told the Virginian-Pilot in 1971 \"the surreptitious handling of Norfolk's interest in these matters concerns me, as it should our city fathers, for surely the port is our city's heartbeat.\" Caplan's opposition to the turnover was not successful and, the Norfolk International Terminal, along with terminals in Portsmouth and Newport News, became part of the Virginia Port Authority in July 1972.","For his service with the N.P.I.A. and to the City of Norfolk, Caplan was awarded a Certificate of Appreciation in July of 1987 for \"recognition of valuable and distinguished service on the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority.\" Two months later, he was honored with a resolution from Norfolk Mayor Joseph A. Leafe that recognized Caplan as an \"advocate of tourism and promotion of the City of Norfolk with regard to the use of air travel,\" and as serving  \"as the Port and Industrial Authority's Representative with the Convention and Visitor's Bureau.\" Caplan was also honored with a bronze plaque in the lobby of Norfolk International Airport.","Other areas of interest for Caplan were city and state politics and religion. He was the co-chair of Roy Martin's City of Norfolk council campaign and served as the \"unofficial first campaign manager\" for Stanley C. Walker, as well as working on campaigns to elect various state senators and delegates from Norfolk. Caplan was a charter member of the local Alpha Zadek Alpha fraternity, Chairman of the Community Relations Committee of the Norfolk Jewish Community Council, assisting in the formation of the Hillel Club at Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary, and a past president of the Tidewater B'nai B'rith lodge.","Education continued to be an interest for Caplan throughout his life. Along with former members of the Junior Chamber of Commerce, Caplan helped establish an informal group named the Monday Morning Group, which met on Wednesdays and featured speakers representing a wide variety of Norfolk civic affairs. Caplan was also active in the Old Dominion University Alumni Association, Norfolk Division Executive Committee.","Caplan passed away in Norfolk on April 13, 2003.","Sources used for biographical/historical note:","Irwin Berent. Norfolk, Virginia: A Jewish History of the 20th Century. (Norfolk, VA: Jewish History USA.com, 2001): vii.","Caplan, Paul G. ODU Alumni Directory 2001. (Norfolk, VA: Bernard Harris Publishing Company, 2001): 173.","Obituaries .  Virginian Pilot. \"Paul Caplan.\" April 15, 2003. B8.","Paul G. Caplan, President, Arnold Gamsey Lodge No. 1195 of B'nai B'rith, 1962-1963. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 3, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","Norfolk  International Airport Mission and Historic Highlights . From  http://www.norfolkairport.com/about-us/mission-history . Accessed on 15 August 2005.","Business. The Virginian-Pilot.  \"Ex-NPIA Chairman Caplan Dies.\" April 15, 2003. D2.","Awards-Transportation Related.  The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 1, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","City of Norfolk Resolution, September 22, 1987. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 7, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","Note written by Kathleen Smith and Susan Catlett","The collection was further processed by Mona Farrow in March 2017. The second accession was arranged and described by Kathleen Smith in 2019.","Lawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. Papers (MG 38); Mason Andrews Papers (MG 62).","The papers of Paul G. Caplan range from around the 1890s to 2004, mostly consisting of materials related to the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, City of Norfolk, Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, Norfolk International Airport, Norfolk/Virginia Zoo, and air transportation in general.  The collection also contains correspondence related to personal life, transportation, politics, community and city issues; clippings and publications pertaining to various subjects including transportation, community relations, and politics; brochures; pharmacy related materials; photographs; and miscellaneous items.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Norfolk pharmacist. Chaired the board of the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, which runs Norfolk International Terminals and the Norfolk International Airport, for thirteen years and was a board member from 1962 to 1987. Served on several political campaign committees, including those of Roy B. Martin and Stanley Walker. Was very active in civic affairs, including the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, Virginia Jaycees, United States Jaycees, Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross, Norfolk Jewish Community Council, and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society.","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Chamber of Commerce","Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority","Norfolk International Airport (Norfolk, Va.)","Virginia Zoo (Norfolk, Va.)","American Red Cross","Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 78","/repositories/5/resources/16"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Paul G. Caplan Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Paul G. Caplan Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Paul G. Caplan Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"creator_ssim":["Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"creators_ssim":["Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Irwin Berent","Gift. Accession #A2003-2. An addition to the collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Pharmacists--Virginia--Norfolk"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Pharmacists--Virginia--Norfolk"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["42.60 Linear Feet","77 Hollinger document cases and 5 oversize boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["42.60 Linear Feet","77 Hollinger document cases and 5 oversize boxes boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA portion of personal records are closed to researchers until 2049.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["A portion of personal records are closed to researchers until 2049."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePaul Glasser Caplan was born on August 29, 1918 in Norfolk, Virginia to Phillip and Ida May Glasser Caplan. A sister, Selma Faye Caplan, was born October 10, 1923. In 1963, Caplan married Ruth Kopelove Salasky and became a stepfather to Stanley Jackson Salasky and Marilyn Salasky. Caplan eventually had three step-grandchildren: Stanley's daughter Lauren, and Marilyn's two sons Daniel and Andrew.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCaplan graduated from Maury High School in 1936. He then attended the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary/Virginia Polytechnic Institute, now Old Dominion University, graduating in 1938. Caplan completed his education by graduating from the Medical College of Virginia in 1941 with a degree in pharmacy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating, Caplan worked at Whelan Drugs in Newport News and Norfolk from 1941-1947. After 1947, he assisted his father in running Caplan's Pharmacy, located on Church and Charlotte Streets that had been purchased by Caplan's Uncle Abe in 1916. When Norfolk redevelopment closed the pharmacy in 1961, Caplan became president of One Stop Drug Shops, a co-operative of nine independent drug stores. Caplan also continued working as a pharmacist, for Red Behrman at Modern Pharmacy on Granby Street, at Frazier Pharmacy on 35th Street and Colonial Avenue, as well as at Central Stores in Roland Park.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCaplan was a member of several professional associations, such as the Tidewater Pharmaceutical Association, Virginia Pharmaceutical Association, and American Pharmaceutical Association, as well as a number of civic and political organizations. For instance, Caplan was a very prominent figure in the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, where he served on the Health and Sanitation, New Residents, Civic Affairs, and Publications committees. Caplan became president of the Norfolk chapter in 1951. Other organizations that Caplan was involved with included the Virginia Jaycees, the Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn regard to the development of the City of Norfolk, Caplan was primarily known via his involvement with the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority (N.P.I.A.), which oversaw the Norfolk International Terminals and Norfolk Municipal Airport, later becoming Norfolk Regional Airport in 1969 and eventually Norfolk International Airport in 1976. From 1962-1987, Caplan served on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, and was chairman from 1974-1987. During his time on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, the Norfolk airport grew from a municipal/ regional airport to an international airport. Caplan vehemently opposed the turnover of the Norfolk International Terminals to the Virginia Port Authority and he told the Virginian-Pilot in 1971 \"the surreptitious handling of Norfolk's interest in these matters concerns me, as it should our city fathers, for surely the port is our city's heartbeat.\" Caplan's opposition to the turnover was not successful and, the Norfolk International Terminal, along with terminals in Portsmouth and Newport News, became part of the Virginia Port Authority in July 1972.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor his service with the N.P.I.A. and to the City of Norfolk, Caplan was awarded a Certificate of Appreciation in July of 1987 for \"recognition of valuable and distinguished service on the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority.\" Two months later, he was honored with a resolution from Norfolk Mayor Joseph A. Leafe that recognized Caplan as an \"advocate of tourism and promotion of the City of Norfolk with regard to the use of air travel,\" and as serving  \"as the Port and Industrial Authority's Representative with the Convention and Visitor's Bureau.\" Caplan was also honored with a bronze plaque in the lobby of Norfolk International Airport.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther areas of interest for Caplan were city and state politics and religion. He was the co-chair of Roy Martin's City of Norfolk council campaign and served as the \"unofficial first campaign manager\" for Stanley C. Walker, as well as working on campaigns to elect various state senators and delegates from Norfolk. Caplan was a charter member of the local Alpha Zadek Alpha fraternity, Chairman of the Community Relations Committee of the Norfolk Jewish Community Council, assisting in the formation of the Hillel Club at Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary, and a past president of the Tidewater B'nai B'rith lodge.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEducation continued to be an interest for Caplan throughout his life. Along with former members of the Junior Chamber of Commerce, Caplan helped establish an informal group named the Monday Morning Group, which met on Wednesdays and featured speakers representing a wide variety of Norfolk civic affairs. Caplan was also active in the Old Dominion University Alumni Association, Norfolk Division Executive Committee.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCaplan passed away in Norfolk on April 13, 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources used for biographical/historical note:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIrwin Berent. Norfolk, Virginia: A Jewish History of the 20th Century. (Norfolk, VA: Jewish History USA.com, 2001): vii.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCaplan, Paul G. ODU Alumni Directory 2001. (Norfolk, VA: Bernard Harris Publishing Company, 2001): 173.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eObituaries\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e. \u003c/emph\u003eVirginian Pilot. \"Paul Caplan.\" April 15, 2003. B8.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePaul G. Caplan, President, Arnold Gamsey Lodge No. 1195 of B'nai B'rith, 1962-1963. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 3, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNorfolk\u003c/emph\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e International Airport Mission and Historic Highlights\u003c/emph\u003e. From \u003cextref href=\"http://www.norfolkairport.com/about-us/mission-history\"\u003ehttp://www.norfolkairport.com/about-us/mission-history\u003c/extref\u003e. Accessed on 15 August 2005.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBusiness. The Virginian-Pilot.  \"Ex-NPIA Chairman Caplan Dies.\" April 15, 2003. D2.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAwards-Transportation Related.  The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 1, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCity of Norfolk Resolution, September 22, 1987. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 7, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Kathleen Smith and Susan Catlett\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Paul Glasser Caplan was born on August 29, 1918 in Norfolk, Virginia to Phillip and Ida May Glasser Caplan. A sister, Selma Faye Caplan, was born October 10, 1923. In 1963, Caplan married Ruth Kopelove Salasky and became a stepfather to Stanley Jackson Salasky and Marilyn Salasky. Caplan eventually had three step-grandchildren: Stanley's daughter Lauren, and Marilyn's two sons Daniel and Andrew.","Caplan graduated from Maury High School in 1936. He then attended the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary/Virginia Polytechnic Institute, now Old Dominion University, graduating in 1938. Caplan completed his education by graduating from the Medical College of Virginia in 1941 with a degree in pharmacy.","After graduating, Caplan worked at Whelan Drugs in Newport News and Norfolk from 1941-1947. After 1947, he assisted his father in running Caplan's Pharmacy, located on Church and Charlotte Streets that had been purchased by Caplan's Uncle Abe in 1916. When Norfolk redevelopment closed the pharmacy in 1961, Caplan became president of One Stop Drug Shops, a co-operative of nine independent drug stores. Caplan also continued working as a pharmacist, for Red Behrman at Modern Pharmacy on Granby Street, at Frazier Pharmacy on 35th Street and Colonial Avenue, as well as at Central Stores in Roland Park.","Caplan was a member of several professional associations, such as the Tidewater Pharmaceutical Association, Virginia Pharmaceutical Association, and American Pharmaceutical Association, as well as a number of civic and political organizations. For instance, Caplan was a very prominent figure in the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, where he served on the Health and Sanitation, New Residents, Civic Affairs, and Publications committees. Caplan became president of the Norfolk chapter in 1951. Other organizations that Caplan was involved with included the Virginia Jaycees, the Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society.","In regard to the development of the City of Norfolk, Caplan was primarily known via his involvement with the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority (N.P.I.A.), which oversaw the Norfolk International Terminals and Norfolk Municipal Airport, later becoming Norfolk Regional Airport in 1969 and eventually Norfolk International Airport in 1976. From 1962-1987, Caplan served on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, and was chairman from 1974-1987. During his time on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, the Norfolk airport grew from a municipal/ regional airport to an international airport. Caplan vehemently opposed the turnover of the Norfolk International Terminals to the Virginia Port Authority and he told the Virginian-Pilot in 1971 \"the surreptitious handling of Norfolk's interest in these matters concerns me, as it should our city fathers, for surely the port is our city's heartbeat.\" Caplan's opposition to the turnover was not successful and, the Norfolk International Terminal, along with terminals in Portsmouth and Newport News, became part of the Virginia Port Authority in July 1972.","For his service with the N.P.I.A. and to the City of Norfolk, Caplan was awarded a Certificate of Appreciation in July of 1987 for \"recognition of valuable and distinguished service on the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority.\" Two months later, he was honored with a resolution from Norfolk Mayor Joseph A. Leafe that recognized Caplan as an \"advocate of tourism and promotion of the City of Norfolk with regard to the use of air travel,\" and as serving  \"as the Port and Industrial Authority's Representative with the Convention and Visitor's Bureau.\" Caplan was also honored with a bronze plaque in the lobby of Norfolk International Airport.","Other areas of interest for Caplan were city and state politics and religion. He was the co-chair of Roy Martin's City of Norfolk council campaign and served as the \"unofficial first campaign manager\" for Stanley C. Walker, as well as working on campaigns to elect various state senators and delegates from Norfolk. Caplan was a charter member of the local Alpha Zadek Alpha fraternity, Chairman of the Community Relations Committee of the Norfolk Jewish Community Council, assisting in the formation of the Hillel Club at Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary, and a past president of the Tidewater B'nai B'rith lodge.","Education continued to be an interest for Caplan throughout his life. Along with former members of the Junior Chamber of Commerce, Caplan helped establish an informal group named the Monday Morning Group, which met on Wednesdays and featured speakers representing a wide variety of Norfolk civic affairs. Caplan was also active in the Old Dominion University Alumni Association, Norfolk Division Executive Committee.","Caplan passed away in Norfolk on April 13, 2003.","Sources used for biographical/historical note:","Irwin Berent. Norfolk, Virginia: A Jewish History of the 20th Century. (Norfolk, VA: Jewish History USA.com, 2001): vii.","Caplan, Paul G. ODU Alumni Directory 2001. (Norfolk, VA: Bernard Harris Publishing Company, 2001): 173.","Obituaries .  Virginian Pilot. \"Paul Caplan.\" April 15, 2003. B8.","Paul G. Caplan, President, Arnold Gamsey Lodge No. 1195 of B'nai B'rith, 1962-1963. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 3, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","Norfolk  International Airport Mission and Historic Highlights . From  http://www.norfolkairport.com/about-us/mission-history . Accessed on 15 August 2005.","Business. The Virginian-Pilot.  \"Ex-NPIA Chairman Caplan Dies.\" April 15, 2003. D2.","Awards-Transportation Related.  The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 1, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","City of Norfolk Resolution, September 22, 1987. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 7, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","Note written by Kathleen Smith and Susan Catlett"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was further processed by Mona Farrow in March 2017. The second accession was arranged and described by Kathleen Smith in 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was further processed by Mona Farrow in March 2017. The second accession was arranged and described by Kathleen Smith in 2019."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. Papers (MG 38); Mason Andrews Papers (MG 62).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Lawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. Papers (MG 38); Mason Andrews Papers (MG 62)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Paul G. Caplan range from around the 1890s to 2004, mostly consisting of materials related to the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, City of Norfolk, Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, Norfolk International Airport, Norfolk/Virginia Zoo, and air transportation in general.  The collection also contains correspondence related to personal life, transportation, politics, community and city issues; clippings and publications pertaining to various subjects including transportation, community relations, and politics; brochures; pharmacy related materials; photographs; and miscellaneous items.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Paul G. Caplan range from around the 1890s to 2004, mostly consisting of materials related to the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, City of Norfolk, Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, Norfolk International Airport, Norfolk/Virginia Zoo, and air transportation in general.  The collection also contains correspondence related to personal life, transportation, politics, community and city issues; clippings and publications pertaining to various subjects including transportation, community relations, and politics; brochures; pharmacy related materials; photographs; and miscellaneous items."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c74c1f93c4a2941abd6735e1ca8cd215\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eNorfolk pharmacist. Chaired the board of the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, which runs Norfolk International Terminals and the Norfolk International Airport, for thirteen years and was a board member from 1962 to 1987. Served on several political campaign committees, including those of Roy B. Martin and Stanley Walker. Was very active in civic affairs, including the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, Virginia Jaycees, United States Jaycees, Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross, Norfolk Jewish Community Council, and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Norfolk pharmacist. Chaired the board of the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, which runs Norfolk International Terminals and the Norfolk International Airport, for thirteen years and was a board member from 1962 to 1987. Served on several political campaign committees, including those of Roy B. Martin and Stanley Walker. Was very active in civic affairs, including the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, Virginia Jaycees, United States Jaycees, Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross, Norfolk Jewish Community Council, and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society."],"names_coll_ssim":["Norfolk Chamber of Commerce","Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority","Norfolk International Airport (Norfolk, Va.)","Virginia Zoo (Norfolk, Va.)","American Red Cross"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Chamber of Commerce","Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority","Norfolk International Airport (Norfolk, Va.)","Virginia Zoo (Norfolk, Va.)","American Red Cross","Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Chamber of Commerce","Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority","Norfolk International Airport (Norfolk, Va.)","Virginia Zoo (Norfolk, Va.)","American Red Cross"],"persname_ssim":["Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1445,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:49:30.225Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01_c04"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02_c04","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Subseries D: Photographs","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02_c04","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02_c04"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02_c04","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers","Series II: 2010 Donation"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers","Series II: 2010 Donation"],"text":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers","Series II: 2010 Donation","Subseries D: Photographs"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subseries D: Photographs","title_ssm":["Subseries D: Photographs"],"title_tesim":["Subseries D: Photographs"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1932-1990"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1932/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subseries D: Photographs"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":13,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":842,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#3","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:48:35.639Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2291.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Phillips, William Hewitt, Papers","title_ssm":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers"],"title_tesim":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1918-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1918-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2005.019"],"text":["Ms.2005.019","William Hewitt Phillips Papers","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Aerospace engineers","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees","The collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is divided into two series. ","Series I, comprising the 1997 and 2004 donations of papers, to a large extent retains the original order in which it was received, though some minor changes have been made for the sake of consistency. The majority of the collection, consisting of subject files, is arranged alphabetically by topic. Phillips' formal reports are arranged chronologically. The arrangement and file titles of a few folders have been changed to provide consistency to the alphabetical order. The materials have been divided among five subseries:","Subseries A: Subject Files. The files were originally housed in four cabinets, later transferred to six boxes by the donor, and finally transferred to permanent boxes during archival processing. The contents of each original cabinet had been arranged in a generally alphabetical order, but there was no overall arrangement among the individual cabinets. Thus, the alphabetical order of the original Cabinet 1 comprises Boxes 1-5; of Cabinet 2, Boxes 5-11; of Cabinet 3, Boxes 11-21; and of Cabinet 4, Boxes 21-25.","Subseries B: NACA and NASA Reports. Arranged chronologically, this subseries contains files on reports and talks given by Phillips related to his professional research.","Subseries C: Other Writings and Lectures by Phillips. This subseries includes drafts, notes, and other materials relating to writings and lectures by Phillips. It is arranged alphabetically by topic and includes a draft of Phillips' autobiography, detailing his personal and professional life.","Subseries D: Lectures and Courses Presented by Others. Originally found in no particular order, this set of files from lectures and courses presented by those other than Phillips is now arranged by name of presenter.","Subseries E: Oversize Materials. These materials were found separated from the rest of the materials in the collection and consist of \"Typical Printouts from the Eppler Program.\"","Series II, the 2010 donation, contains the same types of materials found in Series I. These papers had no original arrangement but instead consisted mostly of loose papers together with a few individual folders and printed materials. The materials have been divided among seven subseries: ","Subseries A: Writings and Lectures. Included in this subseries are files relating to the output of Phillips' research, both in a professional capacity and as a model aircraft enthusiast. The files include not only drafts and published works, but background materials and correspondence. Arranged alphabetically by title or subject.","Subseries B: Subject Files. Arranged alphabetically, this subseries contains materials gathered by Phillips in the course of his research on various topics and his involvement in various professional- and hobby-related activities. Much of the material relates to Phillips' interest in model aircraft.","Subseries C: Correspondence Files. Though personal matters are sometimes discussed, the correspondence in these files relates largely to Phillips' work and his pursuits in model aircraft design, building, and testing. Arranged alphabetically by correspondent.","Subseries D: Photographs. Nearly all of the photos in this series are of Phillips individually or include him at various events. ","Subseries E: Personal Life, Education, and Career. Included in this series are materials relating to Phillips' education at Belmont High School and the Massachusetts Institution of Technology. Also here are records and mementos from his NACA / NASA career, including his many awards. Documenting Phillips' personal life is a set of diaries that he maintained throughout his adult life. ","Subseries F: Oversize Materials contains large photographs, awards, and Phillips's high school diploma.","William Hewitt Phillips, known more familiarly as Hewitt Phillips, was born in Merseyside, England, in 1918, but moved with his parents at age two to the United States. He studied aeronautical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), obtaining an S. B. degree in 1939 and an S.M. in 1940. During his childhood, he developed an interest in model aircraft, and he maintained an active interest in the hobby throughout his life.","In July 1940, Phillips commenced service with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), where he was assigned to the Flight Research Division at Langley Research Center (Hampton, Virginia), specializing in the study of aircraft flying qualities and stability. Within this broader assignment, Phillips' task involved the improvement of World War II military aircraft flying qualities. Following the war, Phillips' research related to the development of jet-powered fighter airplanes, supersonic airplanes, stability augmentation and its effect on pilot control, automatic control, and gust alleviation. In 1947, Phillips married Viola Ohler, then head of Langley's editorial office. The couple had three children.","As the U. S. space program commenced, Phillips became chief of the Space Mechanics Division, supervising research in the areas of space rendezvous, navigation, and lunar landing and developing flight simulators for the Gemini and Apollo programs. To train astronauts for lunar landings, Phillips developed the Lunar Landing Facility. He later served as an analyst and consultant in the development of the space shuttle. ","Phillips retired from NASA in February 1979 but continued in the position of distinguished research associate, performing original research on solar-powered aircraft, propellers, airfoil design and wind-tunnel studies of the use of canard surfaces for the space shuttle. He died in 2009.","The guide to the William Hewitt Phillips Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the 2005 accession of the William Hewitt Phillips Papers commenced in September 2008 and was completed in February 2009. Processing of the second accession commenced in July 2014 and was completed in September 2014. ","Additional processing, arrangement, and description of the William Hewitt Phillips Papers was completed as part of the project, \"Piercing the Veil: Creating Access to the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech,\" funded by the  National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)  in 2024. ","Phillips, W. Hewitt,  Journey in Aeronautical Research: a Career at NASA Langley Research Center  (Washington, D.C.: NASA History Office, 1998). Call number: TL540 P54 J687 1998 Large Spec (in the Rare Book Collection at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.","This collection contains the papers of William Hewitt Phillips, an aerospace engineer for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and National Air and Space Administration (NASA) at Langley Research Center and chief of the Flight Dynamics and Control Division from 1970 to 1979. The collection includes lecture notes, reports and memoranda tracing the development of Phillips' theories while at Langley and spans from his work on World War II-era aircraft to the early U.S. space program and beyond, as well as his longstanding and active interest in model aircraft design and testing. These papers include calculations of various numerical values in relation to various aircraft and spacecraft, as well as drawings and other illustrations. The collection also contains a set of Phillips' official reports, files devoted to lectures delivered by Phillips, and notes from courses and lectures presented by others. Major topics in this collection include aircraft stability and control; gust alleviation; wing theories; types of planes; shuttles; airfoils; gliders; simulation of space operations (particularly the Lunar Landing Research Facility), and model aircraft. An item of note is a typescript draft of Phillips' autobiography,  Journey into Aeronautical Research: a Career at NASA Langley Research Center .","The following items were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:","Maxim, Hiram S.  Artificial and Natural Flight . New York: MacMillan, 1908.","Byers, Bruce K.  Destination Moon: A History of the Lunar Orbiter Program  (NASA Technical Memorandum TM X-3487). Washington DC: NASA, 1977.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of William Hewitt Phillips (1918-2009), an aerospace engineer for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and National Air and Space Administration (NASA). The collection includes lecture notes, reports and memoranda tracing the development of Phillips' theories while at the Langley Research Center and spans from his work on World War II-era aircraft to the early U.S. space program and beyond. These papers include calculations of various numerical values in relation to various aircraft and spacecraft, as well as drawings and other illustrations. The collection also contains a set of Phillips' official reports, files devoted to lectures delivered by Phillips, and notes from courses and lectures presented by others. Major topics in this collection include aircraft stability and control; gust alleviation; wing theories; types of planes; shuttles; airfoils; gliders; and simulation of space operations (particularly the Lunar Landing Research Facility).","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2005.019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers"],"collection_ssim":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"creator_ssim":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"creators_ssim":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William Hewitt Phillips Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1997, 2005, and 2010."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Aerospace engineers","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Aerospace engineers","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["28.5 Cubic Feet 57 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["28.5 Cubic Feet 57 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/329\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into two series. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I, comprising the 1997 and 2004 donations of papers, to a large extent retains the original order in which it was received, though some minor changes have been made for the sake of consistency. The majority of the collection, consisting of subject files, is arranged alphabetically by topic. Phillips' formal reports are arranged chronologically. The arrangement and file titles of a few folders have been changed to provide consistency to the alphabetical order. The materials have been divided among five subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A: Subject Files. The files were originally housed in four cabinets, later transferred to six boxes by the donor, and finally transferred to permanent boxes during archival processing. The contents of each original cabinet had been arranged in a generally alphabetical order, but there was no overall arrangement among the individual cabinets. Thus, the alphabetical order of the original Cabinet 1 comprises Boxes 1-5; of Cabinet 2, Boxes 5-11; of Cabinet 3, Boxes 11-21; and of Cabinet 4, Boxes 21-25.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: NACA and NASA Reports. Arranged chronologically, this subseries contains files on reports and talks given by Phillips related to his professional research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Other Writings and Lectures by Phillips. This subseries includes drafts, notes, and other materials relating to writings and lectures by Phillips. It is arranged alphabetically by topic and includes a draft of Phillips' autobiography, detailing his personal and professional life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D: Lectures and Courses Presented by Others. Originally found in no particular order, this set of files from lectures and courses presented by those other than Phillips is now arranged by name of presenter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E: Oversize Materials. These materials were found separated from the rest of the materials in the collection and consist of \"Typical Printouts from the Eppler Program.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II, the 2010 donation, contains the same types of materials found in Series I. These papers had no original arrangement but instead consisted mostly of loose papers together with a few individual folders and printed materials. The materials have been divided among seven subseries: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A: Writings and Lectures. Included in this subseries are files relating to the output of Phillips' research, both in a professional capacity and as a model aircraft enthusiast. The files include not only drafts and published works, but background materials and correspondence. Arranged alphabetically by title or subject.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: Subject Files. Arranged alphabetically, this subseries contains materials gathered by Phillips in the course of his research on various topics and his involvement in various professional- and hobby-related activities. Much of the material relates to Phillips' interest in model aircraft.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Correspondence Files. Though personal matters are sometimes discussed, the correspondence in these files relates largely to Phillips' work and his pursuits in model aircraft design, building, and testing. Arranged alphabetically by correspondent.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D: Photographs. Nearly all of the photos in this series are of Phillips individually or include him at various events. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E: Personal Life, Education, and Career. Included in this series are materials relating to Phillips' education at Belmont High School and the Massachusetts Institution of Technology. Also here are records and mementos from his NACA / NASA career, including his many awards. Documenting Phillips' personal life is a set of diaries that he maintained throughout his adult life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries F: Oversize Materials contains large photographs, awards, and Phillips's high school diploma.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into two series. ","Series I, comprising the 1997 and 2004 donations of papers, to a large extent retains the original order in which it was received, though some minor changes have been made for the sake of consistency. The majority of the collection, consisting of subject files, is arranged alphabetically by topic. Phillips' formal reports are arranged chronologically. The arrangement and file titles of a few folders have been changed to provide consistency to the alphabetical order. The materials have been divided among five subseries:","Subseries A: Subject Files. The files were originally housed in four cabinets, later transferred to six boxes by the donor, and finally transferred to permanent boxes during archival processing. The contents of each original cabinet had been arranged in a generally alphabetical order, but there was no overall arrangement among the individual cabinets. Thus, the alphabetical order of the original Cabinet 1 comprises Boxes 1-5; of Cabinet 2, Boxes 5-11; of Cabinet 3, Boxes 11-21; and of Cabinet 4, Boxes 21-25.","Subseries B: NACA and NASA Reports. Arranged chronologically, this subseries contains files on reports and talks given by Phillips related to his professional research.","Subseries C: Other Writings and Lectures by Phillips. This subseries includes drafts, notes, and other materials relating to writings and lectures by Phillips. It is arranged alphabetically by topic and includes a draft of Phillips' autobiography, detailing his personal and professional life.","Subseries D: Lectures and Courses Presented by Others. Originally found in no particular order, this set of files from lectures and courses presented by those other than Phillips is now arranged by name of presenter.","Subseries E: Oversize Materials. These materials were found separated from the rest of the materials in the collection and consist of \"Typical Printouts from the Eppler Program.\"","Series II, the 2010 donation, contains the same types of materials found in Series I. These papers had no original arrangement but instead consisted mostly of loose papers together with a few individual folders and printed materials. The materials have been divided among seven subseries: ","Subseries A: Writings and Lectures. Included in this subseries are files relating to the output of Phillips' research, both in a professional capacity and as a model aircraft enthusiast. The files include not only drafts and published works, but background materials and correspondence. Arranged alphabetically by title or subject.","Subseries B: Subject Files. Arranged alphabetically, this subseries contains materials gathered by Phillips in the course of his research on various topics and his involvement in various professional- and hobby-related activities. Much of the material relates to Phillips' interest in model aircraft.","Subseries C: Correspondence Files. Though personal matters are sometimes discussed, the correspondence in these files relates largely to Phillips' work and his pursuits in model aircraft design, building, and testing. Arranged alphabetically by correspondent.","Subseries D: Photographs. Nearly all of the photos in this series are of Phillips individually or include him at various events. ","Subseries E: Personal Life, Education, and Career. Included in this series are materials relating to Phillips' education at Belmont High School and the Massachusetts Institution of Technology. Also here are records and mementos from his NACA / NASA career, including his many awards. Documenting Phillips' personal life is a set of diaries that he maintained throughout his adult life. ","Subseries F: Oversize Materials contains large photographs, awards, and Phillips's high school diploma."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Hewitt Phillips, known more familiarly as Hewitt Phillips, was born in Merseyside, England, in 1918, but moved with his parents at age two to the United States. He studied aeronautical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), obtaining an S. B. degree in 1939 and an S.M. in 1940. During his childhood, he developed an interest in model aircraft, and he maintained an active interest in the hobby throughout his life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn July 1940, Phillips commenced service with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), where he was assigned to the Flight Research Division at Langley Research Center (Hampton, Virginia), specializing in the study of aircraft flying qualities and stability. Within this broader assignment, Phillips' task involved the improvement of World War II military aircraft flying qualities. Following the war, Phillips' research related to the development of jet-powered fighter airplanes, supersonic airplanes, stability augmentation and its effect on pilot control, automatic control, and gust alleviation. In 1947, Phillips married Viola Ohler, then head of Langley's editorial office. The couple had three children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs the U. S. space program commenced, Phillips became chief of the Space Mechanics Division, supervising research in the areas of space rendezvous, navigation, and lunar landing and developing flight simulators for the Gemini and Apollo programs. To train astronauts for lunar landings, Phillips developed the Lunar Landing Facility. He later served as an analyst and consultant in the development of the space shuttle. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhillips retired from NASA in February 1979 but continued in the position of distinguished research associate, performing original research on solar-powered aircraft, propellers, airfoil design and wind-tunnel studies of the use of canard surfaces for the space shuttle. He died in 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Hewitt Phillips, known more familiarly as Hewitt Phillips, was born in Merseyside, England, in 1918, but moved with his parents at age two to the United States. He studied aeronautical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), obtaining an S. B. degree in 1939 and an S.M. in 1940. During his childhood, he developed an interest in model aircraft, and he maintained an active interest in the hobby throughout his life.","In July 1940, Phillips commenced service with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), where he was assigned to the Flight Research Division at Langley Research Center (Hampton, Virginia), specializing in the study of aircraft flying qualities and stability. Within this broader assignment, Phillips' task involved the improvement of World War II military aircraft flying qualities. Following the war, Phillips' research related to the development of jet-powered fighter airplanes, supersonic airplanes, stability augmentation and its effect on pilot control, automatic control, and gust alleviation. In 1947, Phillips married Viola Ohler, then head of Langley's editorial office. The couple had three children.","As the U. S. space program commenced, Phillips became chief of the Space Mechanics Division, supervising research in the areas of space rendezvous, navigation, and lunar landing and developing flight simulators for the Gemini and Apollo programs. To train astronauts for lunar landings, Phillips developed the Lunar Landing Facility. He later served as an analyst and consultant in the development of the space shuttle. ","Phillips retired from NASA in February 1979 but continued in the position of distinguished research associate, performing original research on solar-powered aircraft, propellers, airfoil design and wind-tunnel studies of the use of canard surfaces for the space shuttle. He died in 2009."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William Hewitt Phillips Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William Hewitt Phillips Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William Hewitt Phillips Papers, Ms2005-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William Hewitt Phillips Papers, Ms2005-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the 2005 accession of the William Hewitt Phillips Papers commenced in September 2008 and was completed in February 2009. Processing of the second accession commenced in July 2014 and was completed in September 2014. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional processing, arrangement, and description of the William Hewitt Phillips Papers was completed as part of the project, \"Piercing the Veil: Creating Access to the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech,\" funded by the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.archives.gov/nhprc\"\u003eNational Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)\u003c/a\u003e in 2024. \u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the 2005 accession of the William Hewitt Phillips Papers commenced in September 2008 and was completed in February 2009. Processing of the second accession commenced in July 2014 and was completed in September 2014. ","Additional processing, arrangement, and description of the William Hewitt Phillips Papers was completed as part of the project, \"Piercing the Veil: Creating Access to the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech,\" funded by the  National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)  in 2024. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhillips, W. Hewitt, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJourney in Aeronautical Research: a Career at NASA Langley Research Center\u003c/title\u003e (Washington, D.C.: NASA History Office, 1998). Call number: TL540 P54 J687 1998 Large Spec (in the Rare Book Collection at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Phillips, W. Hewitt,  Journey in Aeronautical Research: a Career at NASA Langley Research Center  (Washington, D.C.: NASA History Office, 1998). Call number: TL540 P54 J687 1998 Large Spec (in the Rare Book Collection at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of William Hewitt Phillips, an aerospace engineer for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and National Air and Space Administration (NASA) at Langley Research Center and chief of the Flight Dynamics and Control Division from 1970 to 1979. The collection includes lecture notes, reports and memoranda tracing the development of Phillips' theories while at Langley and spans from his work on World War II-era aircraft to the early U.S. space program and beyond, as well as his longstanding and active interest in model aircraft design and testing. These papers include calculations of various numerical values in relation to various aircraft and spacecraft, as well as drawings and other illustrations. The collection also contains a set of Phillips' official reports, files devoted to lectures delivered by Phillips, and notes from courses and lectures presented by others. Major topics in this collection include aircraft stability and control; gust alleviation; wing theories; types of planes; shuttles; airfoils; gliders; simulation of space operations (particularly the Lunar Landing Research Facility), and model aircraft. An item of note is a typescript draft of Phillips' autobiography, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJourney into Aeronautical Research: a Career at NASA Langley Research Center\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of William Hewitt Phillips, an aerospace engineer for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and National Air and Space Administration (NASA) at Langley Research Center and chief of the Flight Dynamics and Control Division from 1970 to 1979. The collection includes lecture notes, reports and memoranda tracing the development of Phillips' theories while at Langley and spans from his work on World War II-era aircraft to the early U.S. space program and beyond, as well as his longstanding and active interest in model aircraft design and testing. These papers include calculations of various numerical values in relation to various aircraft and spacecraft, as well as drawings and other illustrations. The collection also contains a set of Phillips' official reports, files devoted to lectures delivered by Phillips, and notes from courses and lectures presented by others. Major topics in this collection include aircraft stability and control; gust alleviation; wing theories; types of planes; shuttles; airfoils; gliders; simulation of space operations (particularly the Lunar Landing Research Facility), and model aircraft. An item of note is a typescript draft of Phillips' autobiography,  Journey into Aeronautical Research: a Career at NASA Langley Research Center ."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following items were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaxim, Hiram S. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eArtificial and Natural Flight\u003c/title\u003e. New York: MacMillan, 1908.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eByers, Bruce K. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDestination Moon: A History of the Lunar Orbiter Program\u003c/title\u003e (NASA Technical Memorandum TM X-3487). Washington DC: NASA, 1977.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following items were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:","Maxim, Hiram S.  Artificial and Natural Flight . New York: MacMillan, 1908.","Byers, Bruce K.  Destination Moon: A History of the Lunar Orbiter Program  (NASA Technical Memorandum TM X-3487). Washington DC: NASA, 1977."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_32415d476b4953a68a5bd3a12803d2b5\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of William Hewitt Phillips (1918-2009), an aerospace engineer for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and National Air and Space Administration (NASA). The collection includes lecture notes, reports and memoranda tracing the development of Phillips' theories while at the Langley Research Center and spans from his work on World War II-era aircraft to the early U.S. space program and beyond. These papers include calculations of various numerical values in relation to various aircraft and spacecraft, as well as drawings and other illustrations. The collection also contains a set of Phillips' official reports, files devoted to lectures delivered by Phillips, and notes from courses and lectures presented by others. Major topics in this collection include aircraft stability and control; gust alleviation; wing theories; types of planes; shuttles; airfoils; gliders; and simulation of space operations (particularly the Lunar Landing Research Facility).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of William Hewitt Phillips (1918-2009), an aerospace engineer for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and National Air and Space Administration (NASA). The collection includes lecture notes, reports and memoranda tracing the development of Phillips' theories while at the Langley Research Center and spans from his work on World War II-era aircraft to the early U.S. space program and beyond. These papers include calculations of various numerical values in relation to various aircraft and spacecraft, as well as drawings and other illustrations. The collection also contains a set of Phillips' official reports, files devoted to lectures delivered by Phillips, and notes from courses and lectures presented by others. Major topics in this collection include aircraft stability and control; gust alleviation; wing theories; types of planes; shuttles; airfoils; gliders; and simulation of space operations (particularly the Lunar Landing Research Facility)."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration"],"persname_ssim":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":896,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:48:35.639Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02_c04"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_941_c02_c04","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Subseries D: Portraits of Unknown Subjects in Tintype Format","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_941_c02_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_941_c02_c04","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_941_c02_c04"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_941_c02_c04","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_941","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_941","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_941_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_941_c02","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_941","viu_repositories_3_resources_941_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_941","viu_repositories_3_resources_941_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["John L. 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III, Civil War History Collection","title_ssm":["John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection"],"title_tesim":["John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1806-1988","1861-1865"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1861-1865"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1806-1988"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16459","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/941"],"text":["MSS 16459","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource 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Nau III Civil War History Collection","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","letters (correspondence)","Photograph albums","photographs","newspapers","Good.","The collection is open for research.","The John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection (1806-1988; bulk 1861-1865; 133 cubic feet) has been arranged into five series, Series 1: Materials Related to the Civil War Experiences of Soldiers, Officers, and Civilians (1806-1988; approx. 83 cubic feet); Series 2: Photographs and Prints (circa 1848-1939; approx. 34 cubic feet); Series 3: Government Military Records (1855-1913; approx. 9 cubic feet); Series 4: Currency (1839-1875; approx. 1.5 cubic feet); and Series 5: Newspapers and Print Materials (1846-1913; approx. 5.25 cubic feet).","The John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection contains offensive or harmful language and imagery. This includes—but is not limited to—correspondence and diary entries that express racist views; photographs of enslaved people forced into inhumane conditions by enslavers; descriptions of violence and battle experiences; photographs of deceased soldiers; and correspondence containing explicit descriptions of sex. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","The donor's accession numbering system has been preserved to maintain access to collection metadata or descriptive information. Each file title in this finding aid includes the donor accession number at the end of the title and each corresponding physical folder or item is also labeled with the donor accession number. ","Donor accession numbers are comprised of letters denoting document or photograph format followed by a four-digit number that denotes the number of the accession. The following examples can be found in the collection: DA0001 (meaning document - autograph), DC0001.001 (document - currency), DL0001 (document - letter), DN0003 (document - newspaper), DOR0001 (document - order), DOT0001 (document - other), DR0002 (document - requisition), PA0184 (photograph - ambrotype), PC0200 (photograph - carte de visite), PD0007 (photograph - daguerreotype), POT0012 (photograph - other), and PT0003 (photograph - tintype).","These donor accession numbers can be used to search the donation listing spreadsheet for corresponding metadata. This spreadsheet is available to download directly from the finding aid below, under External Documents.","About External Document MSS 16459 John L. Nau II Civil War History Collection - Donation Listing (View and Download Below)","Upon accession of the John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection, the donor provided a spreadsheet donation listing containing metadata and sellers' descriptions associated with collection materials. The spreadsheet can be downloaded below, under the External Documents heading.","Please note that many descriptions contained in this spreadsheet are drawn from sellers' language used by dealers and auction houses and contain biased and qualitative descriptions. In addition, many descriptions contain offensive, racist, and archaic language, some quoted directly from collection materials (also see the above Content Warning). ","Please also note there may be some materials listed in the donor spreadsheet that are not present in the collection. The Small Library's finding aid is the definitive listing of materials available to researchers.","Suggestions for Using the Donation Listing Spreadsheet","Materials found in the finding aid can be identified in the spreadsheet using the keyboard shortcut Control + F. If searching for materials discovered in the finding aid, it is recommended to search using donor accession numbers. (For more on this, see the above note on Alphanumeric Designations). ","Please note that the spreadsheet does not contain additional descriptive information for all materials listed in the finding aid.","Researchers can use the spreadsheet to explore the collection in many ways, including the following: ","- To conduct subject-based searches (e.g., regiments, battles, and military functions, and experiences such as sickness).","- To identify photographs of women, Black soldiers, and Native American soldiers.","- To identify correspondence in Series 1 authored by women and contained within personal papers attributed to men. Series 1 contains a significant amount of correspondence written by women to male relatives and friends. An example includes the many letters written by Mary Stanton to her husband Courtland Stanton, which are found with the Courtland Stanton (DL0011) papers. Another example are the letters of Lucy Britton and Martha Britton found with the Britton Family (DL0100) papers.","- To distinguish between duplicate titles and donor accession numbers in Series 1. Secondary collections such as the papers of Amos Garrison (DL0068) and Albert R. Whitney (DL0269) contain duplicate file titles, and descriptions in the spreadsheet may allow researchers to learn more about the exact nature of the materials they contain.","- To distinguish between portraits of unknown subjects in Series 2. Searching for a particular portrait of an unknown subject using the donor accession number may provide researchers with a description of the portrait, including details such as uniform and rank of the subject.","About External Documents MSS 16459 John L. Nau II Civil War History Collection - Transcripts (View and Download Below)","Transcript files are titled by donor accession number. (See above note titled Alphanumeric Designations).","Please be aware that these transcripts may contain mistakes. They are not intended to be a replacement for the original materials or their digital surrogates.","The Nau Collection was processed from October 2021 to March 2023. Because it is an artificial collection with no original order, it was arranged into series to emphasize the provenance of collection materials and to restore materials attributed to or associated with the same individual. Provenance was determined by the archival materials themselves as well as by donor metadata. Additional resources consulted during processing included The National Park Service's online  Civil War Soldiers and Sailors Database  (https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/soldiers-and-sailors-database.htm); Grover C. Criswell and Clarence L. Criswell's  Confederate and Southern State Currency , vol. 1, (Pass-A-Grille, Florida: Criswell's Publications, 1957); John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher's  Civil War High Commands  (Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 2001); and the Library of Congress's online newspapers database (https://www.loc.gov/newspapers/).","Efforts were made to restore materials to record creators and keep these materials together. However, there are some exceptions, particularly in relation to high-profile historical figures. For example, materials relating to Robert E. Lee and William Tecumseh Sherman can be found in Series 1, 2, and 3. ","File titles have been devised by the archivist and each contains a donor accession number (see note titled Alphanumeric Designations). Wherever possible or applicable, titles attributed to materials by record creators are included. ","The John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection (1806-1988, bulk 1861-1865; 133 cubic feet) contains Civil War-era correspondence, service records, pension records, artifacts, photographs, military records (including orders, requisitions, and correspondence), currency, newspapers, and other print materials. ","The collection primarily contains the correspondence, records, and photographs of white soldiers and officers who fought in the Civil War, including white officers serving in the United States Colored Troops (USCT). Additionally, the collection includes some correspondence and portraits of white women as well as a small number of portraits of Black soldiers (including PT0322, a family portrait, and a young Ben Brown, PC0836.0001) and Native American soldiers (including Frederick L. Rainbow, PT0424.0001). ","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","The John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection is predominantly in English. A small number of materials are in Spanish, French, Swedish, and German, and this is indicated at the file level."],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16459","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/941"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection"],"collection_ssim":["John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"geogname_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"places_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection was acquired and donated by John L. Nau III. It was accessioned by the Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library on September 3, 2019 (2019-0149) and in an additional accession in October 2019 (2019-0231)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","Photograph albums","photographs","newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["letters (correspondence)","Photograph albums","photographs","newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"physdesc_tesim":["Good."],"extent_ssm":["133 Cubic Feet 255 boxes; 9 framed items"],"extent_tesim":["133 Cubic Feet 255 boxes; 9 framed items"],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","Photograph albums","photographs","newspapers"],"date_range_isim":[1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection (1806-1988; bulk 1861-1865; 133 cubic feet) has been arranged into five series, Series 1: Materials Related to the Civil War Experiences of Soldiers, Officers, and Civilians (1806-1988; approx. 83 cubic feet); Series 2: Photographs and Prints (circa 1848-1939; approx. 34 cubic feet); Series 3: Government Military Records (1855-1913; approx. 9 cubic feet); Series 4: Currency (1839-1875; approx. 1.5 cubic feet); and Series 5: Newspapers and Print Materials (1846-1913; approx. 5.25 cubic feet).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection (1806-1988; bulk 1861-1865; 133 cubic feet) has been arranged into five series, Series 1: Materials Related to the Civil War Experiences of Soldiers, Officers, and Civilians (1806-1988; approx. 83 cubic feet); Series 2: Photographs and Prints (circa 1848-1939; approx. 34 cubic feet); Series 3: Government Military Records (1855-1913; approx. 9 cubic feet); Series 4: Currency (1839-1875; approx. 1.5 cubic feet); and Series 5: Newspapers and Print Materials (1846-1913; approx. 5.25 cubic feet)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection contains offensive or harmful language and imagery. This includes—but is not limited to—correspondence and diary entries that express racist views; photographs of enslaved people forced into inhumane conditions by enslavers; descriptions of violence and battle experiences; photographs of deceased soldiers; and correspondence containing explicit descriptions of sex. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe donor's accession numbering system has been preserved to maintain access to collection metadata or descriptive information. Each file title in this finding aid includes the donor accession number at the end of the title and each corresponding physical folder or item is also labeled with the donor accession number. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDonor accession numbers are comprised of letters denoting document or photograph format followed by a four-digit number that denotes the number of the accession. The following examples can be found in the collection: DA0001 (meaning document - autograph), DC0001.001 (document - currency), DL0001 (document - letter), DN0003 (document - newspaper), DOR0001 (document - order), DOT0001 (document - other), DR0002 (document - requisition), PA0184 (photograph - ambrotype), PC0200 (photograph - carte de visite), PD0007 (photograph - daguerreotype), POT0012 (photograph - other), and PT0003 (photograph - tintype).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese donor accession numbers can be used to search the donation listing spreadsheet for corresponding metadata. This spreadsheet is available to download directly from the finding aid below, under External Documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAbout External Document MSS 16459 John L. Nau II Civil War History Collection - Donation Listing (View and Download Below)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUpon accession of the John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection, the donor provided a spreadsheet donation listing containing metadata and sellers' descriptions associated with collection materials. The spreadsheet can be downloaded below, under the External Documents heading.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note that many descriptions contained in this spreadsheet are drawn from sellers' language used by dealers and auction houses and contain biased and qualitative descriptions. In addition, many descriptions contain offensive, racist, and archaic language, some quoted directly from collection materials (also see the above Content Warning). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease also note there may be some materials listed in the donor spreadsheet that are not present in the collection. The Small Library's finding aid is the definitive listing of materials available to researchers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSuggestions for Using the Donation Listing Spreadsheet\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials found in the finding aid can be identified in the spreadsheet using the keyboard shortcut Control + F. If searching for materials discovered in the finding aid, it is recommended to search using donor accession numbers. (For more on this, see the above note on Alphanumeric Designations). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note that the spreadsheet does not contain additional descriptive information for all materials listed in the finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers can use the spreadsheet to explore the collection in many ways, including the following: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e- To conduct subject-based searches (e.g., regiments, battles, and military functions, and experiences such as sickness).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e- To identify photographs of women, Black soldiers, and Native American soldiers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e- To identify correspondence in Series 1 authored by women and contained within personal papers attributed to men. Series 1 contains a significant amount of correspondence written by women to male relatives and friends. An example includes the many letters written by Mary Stanton to her husband Courtland Stanton, which are found with the Courtland Stanton (DL0011) papers. Another example are the letters of Lucy Britton and Martha Britton found with the Britton Family (DL0100) papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e- To distinguish between duplicate titles and donor accession numbers in Series 1. Secondary collections such as the papers of Amos Garrison (DL0068) and Albert R. Whitney (DL0269) contain duplicate file titles, and descriptions in the spreadsheet may allow researchers to learn more about the exact nature of the materials they contain.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e- To distinguish between portraits of unknown subjects in Series 2. Searching for a particular portrait of an unknown subject using the donor accession number may provide researchers with a description of the portrait, including details such as uniform and rank of the subject.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAbout External Documents MSS 16459 John L. Nau II Civil War History Collection - Transcripts (View and Download Below)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTranscript files are titled by donor accession number. (See above note titled Alphanumeric Designations).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease be aware that these transcripts may contain mistakes. They are not intended to be a replacement for the original materials or their digital surrogates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning","Alphanumeric Designations","Important Information about External Documents"],"odd_tesim":["The John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection contains offensive or harmful language and imagery. This includes—but is not limited to—correspondence and diary entries that express racist views; photographs of enslaved people forced into inhumane conditions by enslavers; descriptions of violence and battle experiences; photographs of deceased soldiers; and correspondence containing explicit descriptions of sex. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","The donor's accession numbering system has been preserved to maintain access to collection metadata or descriptive information. Each file title in this finding aid includes the donor accession number at the end of the title and each corresponding physical folder or item is also labeled with the donor accession number. ","Donor accession numbers are comprised of letters denoting document or photograph format followed by a four-digit number that denotes the number of the accession. The following examples can be found in the collection: DA0001 (meaning document - autograph), DC0001.001 (document - currency), DL0001 (document - letter), DN0003 (document - newspaper), DOR0001 (document - order), DOT0001 (document - other), DR0002 (document - requisition), PA0184 (photograph - ambrotype), PC0200 (photograph - carte de visite), PD0007 (photograph - daguerreotype), POT0012 (photograph - other), and PT0003 (photograph - tintype).","These donor accession numbers can be used to search the donation listing spreadsheet for corresponding metadata. This spreadsheet is available to download directly from the finding aid below, under External Documents.","About External Document MSS 16459 John L. Nau II Civil War History Collection - Donation Listing (View and Download Below)","Upon accession of the John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection, the donor provided a spreadsheet donation listing containing metadata and sellers' descriptions associated with collection materials. The spreadsheet can be downloaded below, under the External Documents heading.","Please note that many descriptions contained in this spreadsheet are drawn from sellers' language used by dealers and auction houses and contain biased and qualitative descriptions. In addition, many descriptions contain offensive, racist, and archaic language, some quoted directly from collection materials (also see the above Content Warning). ","Please also note there may be some materials listed in the donor spreadsheet that are not present in the collection. The Small Library's finding aid is the definitive listing of materials available to researchers.","Suggestions for Using the Donation Listing Spreadsheet","Materials found in the finding aid can be identified in the spreadsheet using the keyboard shortcut Control + F. If searching for materials discovered in the finding aid, it is recommended to search using donor accession numbers. (For more on this, see the above note on Alphanumeric Designations). ","Please note that the spreadsheet does not contain additional descriptive information for all materials listed in the finding aid.","Researchers can use the spreadsheet to explore the collection in many ways, including the following: ","- To conduct subject-based searches (e.g., regiments, battles, and military functions, and experiences such as sickness).","- To identify photographs of women, Black soldiers, and Native American soldiers.","- To identify correspondence in Series 1 authored by women and contained within personal papers attributed to men. Series 1 contains a significant amount of correspondence written by women to male relatives and friends. An example includes the many letters written by Mary Stanton to her husband Courtland Stanton, which are found with the Courtland Stanton (DL0011) papers. Another example are the letters of Lucy Britton and Martha Britton found with the Britton Family (DL0100) papers.","- To distinguish between duplicate titles and donor accession numbers in Series 1. Secondary collections such as the papers of Amos Garrison (DL0068) and Albert R. Whitney (DL0269) contain duplicate file titles, and descriptions in the spreadsheet may allow researchers to learn more about the exact nature of the materials they contain.","- To distinguish between portraits of unknown subjects in Series 2. Searching for a particular portrait of an unknown subject using the donor accession number may provide researchers with a description of the portrait, including details such as uniform and rank of the subject.","About External Documents MSS 16459 John L. Nau II Civil War History Collection - Transcripts (View and Download Below)","Transcript files are titled by donor accession number. (See above note titled Alphanumeric Designations).","Please be aware that these transcripts may contain mistakes. They are not intended to be a replacement for the original materials or their digital surrogates."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn L. Nau III Civil War History Collection, MSS 16459, box number, [if applicable] folder number, donor accession number, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection, MSS 16459, box number, [if applicable] folder number, donor accession number, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Nau Collection was processed from October 2021 to March 2023. Because it is an artificial collection with no original order, it was arranged into series to emphasize the provenance of collection materials and to restore materials attributed to or associated with the same individual. Provenance was determined by the archival materials themselves as well as by donor metadata. Additional resources consulted during processing included The National Park Service's online \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Soldiers and Sailors Database\u003c/emph\u003e (https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/soldiers-and-sailors-database.htm); Grover C. Criswell and Clarence L. Criswell's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eConfederate and Southern State Currency\u003c/emph\u003e, vol. 1, (Pass-A-Grille, Florida: Criswell's Publications, 1957); John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War High Commands\u003c/emph\u003e (Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 2001); and the Library of Congress's online newspapers database (https://www.loc.gov/newspapers/).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEfforts were made to restore materials to record creators and keep these materials together. However, there are some exceptions, particularly in relation to high-profile historical figures. For example, materials relating to Robert E. Lee and William Tecumseh Sherman can be found in Series 1, 2, and 3. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile titles have been devised by the archivist and each contains a donor accession number (see note titled Alphanumeric Designations). Wherever possible or applicable, titles attributed to materials by record creators are included. \u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Nau Collection was processed from October 2021 to March 2023. Because it is an artificial collection with no original order, it was arranged into series to emphasize the provenance of collection materials and to restore materials attributed to or associated with the same individual. Provenance was determined by the archival materials themselves as well as by donor metadata. Additional resources consulted during processing included The National Park Service's online  Civil War Soldiers and Sailors Database  (https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/soldiers-and-sailors-database.htm); Grover C. Criswell and Clarence L. Criswell's  Confederate and Southern State Currency , vol. 1, (Pass-A-Grille, Florida: Criswell's Publications, 1957); John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher's  Civil War High Commands  (Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 2001); and the Library of Congress's online newspapers database (https://www.loc.gov/newspapers/).","Efforts were made to restore materials to record creators and keep these materials together. However, there are some exceptions, particularly in relation to high-profile historical figures. For example, materials relating to Robert E. Lee and William Tecumseh Sherman can be found in Series 1, 2, and 3. ","File titles have been devised by the archivist and each contains a donor accession number (see note titled Alphanumeric Designations). Wherever possible or applicable, titles attributed to materials by record creators are included. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection (1806-1988, bulk 1861-1865; 133 cubic feet) contains Civil War-era correspondence, service records, pension records, artifacts, photographs, military records (including orders, requisitions, and correspondence), currency, newspapers, and other print materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection primarily contains the correspondence, records, and photographs of white soldiers and officers who fought in the Civil War, including white officers serving in the United States Colored Troops (USCT). Additionally, the collection includes some correspondence and portraits of white women as well as a small number of portraits of Black soldiers (including PT0322, a family portrait, and a young Ben Brown, PC0836.0001) and Native American soldiers (including Frederick L. Rainbow, PT0424.0001). \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection (1806-1988, bulk 1861-1865; 133 cubic feet) contains Civil War-era correspondence, service records, pension records, artifacts, photographs, military records (including orders, requisitions, and correspondence), currency, newspapers, and other print materials. ","The collection primarily contains the correspondence, records, and photographs of white soldiers and officers who fought in the Civil War, including white officers serving in the United States Colored Troops (USCT). Additionally, the collection includes some correspondence and portraits of white women as well as a small number of portraits of Black soldiers (including PT0322, a family portrait, and a young Ben Brown, PC0836.0001) and Native American soldiers (including Frederick L. Rainbow, PT0424.0001). "],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["The John L. Nau III Civil War History Collection is predominantly in English. A small number of materials are in Spanish, French, Swedish, and German, and this is indicated at the file level."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":10302,"online_item_count_is":5,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:38:18.573Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_941_c02_c04"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512_c01_c04","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series D. Printed Material","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512_c01_c04#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes programs from various shows and exhibitions in which Zimbler participated, a scrapbook of German-language newspaper clippings and various foreign language periodicals with articles about Zimbler's projects in Vienna, newspaper and magazine clippings and various architecture and design periodicals with articles about Zimbler's various projects in Southern California, as well as some clippings and periodicals with articles and columns by Zimbler herself.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512_c01_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512_c01_c04","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512_c01_c04"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512_c01_c04","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512_c01","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512_c01","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection","Series I. Professional Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection","Series I. Professional Papers"],"text":["Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection","Series I. Professional Papers","Sub-Series D. Printed Material","Includes programs from various shows and exhibitions in which Zimbler participated, a scrapbook of German-language newspaper clippings and various foreign language periodicals with articles about Zimbler's projects in Vienna, newspaper and magazine clippings and various architecture and design periodicals with articles about Zimbler's various projects in Southern California, as well as some clippings and periodicals with articles and columns by Zimbler herself."],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series D. Printed Material","title_ssm":["Sub-Series D. Printed Material"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series D. Printed Material"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1912-1982, 1993-1994, n.d."],"normalized_date_ssm":["1912/1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series D. Printed Material"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":30,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":17,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes programs from various shows and exhibitions in which Zimbler participated, a scrapbook of German-language newspaper clippings and various foreign language periodicals with articles about Zimbler's projects in Vienna, newspaper and magazine clippings and various architecture and design periodicals with articles about Zimbler's various projects in Southern California, as well as some clippings and periodicals with articles and columns by Zimbler herself.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes programs from various shows and exhibitions in which Zimbler participated, a scrapbook of German-language newspaper clippings and various foreign language periodicals with articles about Zimbler's projects in Vienna, newspaper and magazine clippings and various architecture and design periodicals with articles about Zimbler's various projects in Southern California, as well as some clippings and periodicals with articles and columns by Zimbler herself."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#3","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:33:36.091Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1512.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Zimbler, Liane, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1912-1982, 1993-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1912-1982, 1993-1994"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.005"],"text":["Ms.1988.005","Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into one series of Professional Papers and five subseries according to type of material. ","Series I. Professional Papers, 1912-1982, 1993-1994 This series consists of material created and collected by Zimbler in the course of her work as an architect and interior designer. Some material relates to her various projects in Vienna including the Harpner residence (1933) and the Preminger residence (1935). Most of the material relates to her various projects in Southern California including Dr Toch's residence, Santa Monica (1941), the Panzer residence, Beverly Hills (1942), the Barbas residence, Beverly Hills (1951), the Candianides Residence, Ventura (1961), the Barasch residence, Los Angeles (1960-1965), as well as to her participation in American Institute of Decorators (A.I.D) shows (1954, 1960-1961, 1967, 1973), \"Living with Famous Paintings\" shows (1956, 1958-1959, 1961) and Design House West shows (1970-1971). The series is arranged into five subseries, Subseries A. Correspondence, Subseries B. Writings, Subseries C. Drawings, Subseries D. Printed Material, and Subseries E. Photographs and Other Graphic Material. ","Liane Zimbler was born in Czechoslovakia in 1892. She studied Art and Architecture at the State Art School in Austria, became the first women in Europe to be awarded an architect's license, and opened offices in Vienna and Prague. Her work ranged from bank buildings, offices, and stores to homes and designs for multi-purpose, mass-produced furniture. Her other activities included serving as chairman of the Austrian board of the International Housing Society and giving lectures on the sociological and artistic aspects of housing to students and various women's clubs. ","Fleeing the Nazi invasion of Austria, Zimbler moved with her family to Los Angeles, California in 1938. There she worked with interior decorator Anita Toor and began to pursue a career in interior design. She soon headed her own design firm, did considerable lecturing and wrote articles on topics connected with decorating problems, and regularly took part in design shows and exhibitions. Her daughter, Eva Zimbler Huebscher, joined her as an apprentice in 1958 and thereafter became her associate. They became well known as a mother-daughter team. ","Zimbler was a member of the American Institute of Interior Designers and the Association of Women in Architecture. Her work was published in various architecture and design periodicals (such as Interior Design, Designers West, and The Architectural Digest) and in the home section of daily newspapers (such as the Los Angeles Times). She also contributed articles and columns to various publications. ","Zimbler carried on her design work until she was well into her seventies. She died in 1987 in Los Angeles. ","The guide to the Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection commenced in October 2003 and were completed in March 2004. Some preliminary processing was done prior to this time.","The collection consists of material related to Liane Zimbler's work as an architect and interior designer in Vienna, Austria during the time period from 1921 to 1938 and in Los Angeles, California, during the time period from 1941 to 1975. Material includes photographs, slides, stereo transparencies and viewing device, exhibition programs, architectural and interior design periodicals, newspaper and magazine clippings, manuscripts of biographical essays, speeches, and articles, presentation and design drawings, and correspondence. The collection documents Zimbler's various projects (some in conjunction with her daughter, Eva Zimbler Huebscher), her participation in various design exhibitions and shows, her contribution to various publications, and her speeches to various organizations.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the professional papers of Liane Zimbler, architect and interior designer. The collection includes graphic and printed material, writings, drawings, and correspondence relating to Zimbler's architectural and interior design work in Europe and the United States.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Zimbler, Liane, 1892-1987","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Zimbler, Liane, 1892-1987"],"creator_ssim":["Zimbler, Liane, 1892-1987"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Zimbler, Liane, 1892-1987"],"creators_ssim":["Zimbler, Liane, 1892-1987"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to the International Archive of Women in Architecture in 1988 and 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 Cubic Feet 4 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["4 Cubic Feet 4 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into one series of Professional Papers and five subseries according to type of material. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Professional Papers, 1912-1982, 1993-1994 This series consists of material created and collected by Zimbler in the course of her work as an architect and interior designer. Some material relates to her various projects in Vienna including the Harpner residence (1933) and the Preminger residence (1935). Most of the material relates to her various projects in Southern California including Dr Toch's residence, Santa Monica (1941), the Panzer residence, Beverly Hills (1942), the Barbas residence, Beverly Hills (1951), the Candianides Residence, Ventura (1961), the Barasch residence, Los Angeles (1960-1965), as well as to her participation in American Institute of Decorators (A.I.D) shows (1954, 1960-1961, 1967, 1973), \"Living with Famous Paintings\" shows (1956, 1958-1959, 1961) and Design House West shows (1970-1971). The series is arranged into five subseries, Subseries A. Correspondence, Subseries B. Writings, Subseries C. Drawings, Subseries D. Printed Material, and Subseries E. Photographs and Other Graphic Material. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into one series of Professional Papers and five subseries according to type of material. ","Series I. Professional Papers, 1912-1982, 1993-1994 This series consists of material created and collected by Zimbler in the course of her work as an architect and interior designer. Some material relates to her various projects in Vienna including the Harpner residence (1933) and the Preminger residence (1935). Most of the material relates to her various projects in Southern California including Dr Toch's residence, Santa Monica (1941), the Panzer residence, Beverly Hills (1942), the Barbas residence, Beverly Hills (1951), the Candianides Residence, Ventura (1961), the Barasch residence, Los Angeles (1960-1965), as well as to her participation in American Institute of Decorators (A.I.D) shows (1954, 1960-1961, 1967, 1973), \"Living with Famous Paintings\" shows (1956, 1958-1959, 1961) and Design House West shows (1970-1971). The series is arranged into five subseries, Subseries A. Correspondence, Subseries B. Writings, Subseries C. Drawings, Subseries D. Printed Material, and Subseries E. Photographs and Other Graphic Material. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLiane Zimbler was born in Czechoslovakia in 1892. She studied Art and Architecture at the State Art School in Austria, became the first women in Europe to be awarded an architect's license, and opened offices in Vienna and Prague. Her work ranged from bank buildings, offices, and stores to homes and designs for multi-purpose, mass-produced furniture. Her other activities included serving as chairman of the Austrian board of the International Housing Society and giving lectures on the sociological and artistic aspects of housing to students and various women's clubs. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFleeing the Nazi invasion of Austria, Zimbler moved with her family to Los Angeles, California in 1938. There she worked with interior decorator Anita Toor and began to pursue a career in interior design. She soon headed her own design firm, did considerable lecturing and wrote articles on topics connected with decorating problems, and regularly took part in design shows and exhibitions. Her daughter, Eva Zimbler Huebscher, joined her as an apprentice in 1958 and thereafter became her associate. They became well known as a mother-daughter team. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eZimbler was a member of the American Institute of Interior Designers and the Association of Women in Architecture. Her work was published in various architecture and design periodicals (such as Interior Design, Designers West, and The Architectural Digest) and in the home section of daily newspapers (such as the Los Angeles Times). She also contributed articles and columns to various publications. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eZimbler carried on her design work until she was well into her seventies. She died in 1987 in Los Angeles. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Liane Zimbler was born in Czechoslovakia in 1892. She studied Art and Architecture at the State Art School in Austria, became the first women in Europe to be awarded an architect's license, and opened offices in Vienna and Prague. Her work ranged from bank buildings, offices, and stores to homes and designs for multi-purpose, mass-produced furniture. Her other activities included serving as chairman of the Austrian board of the International Housing Society and giving lectures on the sociological and artistic aspects of housing to students and various women's clubs. ","Fleeing the Nazi invasion of Austria, Zimbler moved with her family to Los Angeles, California in 1938. There she worked with interior decorator Anita Toor and began to pursue a career in interior design. She soon headed her own design firm, did considerable lecturing and wrote articles on topics connected with decorating problems, and regularly took part in design shows and exhibitions. Her daughter, Eva Zimbler Huebscher, joined her as an apprentice in 1958 and thereafter became her associate. They became well known as a mother-daughter team. ","Zimbler was a member of the American Institute of Interior Designers and the Association of Women in Architecture. Her work was published in various architecture and design periodicals (such as Interior Design, Designers West, and The Architectural Digest) and in the home section of daily newspapers (such as the Los Angeles Times). She also contributed articles and columns to various publications. ","Zimbler carried on her design work until she was well into her seventies. She died in 1987 in Los Angeles. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection, Ms1988-005, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection, Ms1988-005, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection commenced in October 2003 and were completed in March 2004. Some preliminary processing was done prior to this time.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Liane Zimbler Architectural Collection commenced in October 2003 and were completed in March 2004. Some preliminary processing was done prior to this time."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of material related to Liane Zimbler's work as an architect and interior designer in Vienna, Austria during the time period from 1921 to 1938 and in Los Angeles, California, during the time period from 1941 to 1975. Material includes photographs, slides, stereo transparencies and viewing device, exhibition programs, architectural and interior design periodicals, newspaper and magazine clippings, manuscripts of biographical essays, speeches, and articles, presentation and design drawings, and correspondence. The collection documents Zimbler's various projects (some in conjunction with her daughter, Eva Zimbler Huebscher), her participation in various design exhibitions and shows, her contribution to various publications, and her speeches to various organizations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of material related to Liane Zimbler's work as an architect and interior designer in Vienna, Austria during the time period from 1921 to 1938 and in Los Angeles, California, during the time period from 1941 to 1975. Material includes photographs, slides, stereo transparencies and viewing device, exhibition programs, architectural and interior design periodicals, newspaper and magazine clippings, manuscripts of biographical essays, speeches, and articles, presentation and design drawings, and correspondence. The collection documents Zimbler's various projects (some in conjunction with her daughter, Eva Zimbler Huebscher), her participation in various design exhibitions and shows, her contribution to various publications, and her speeches to various organizations."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ab56e4871bc1afe38588ca7a526097ad\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the professional papers of Liane Zimbler, architect and interior designer. The collection includes graphic and printed material, writings, drawings, and correspondence relating to Zimbler's architectural and interior design work in Europe and the United States.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the professional papers of Liane Zimbler, architect and interior designer. The collection includes graphic and printed material, writings, drawings, and correspondence relating to Zimbler's architectural and interior design work in Europe and the United States."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Zimbler, Liane, 1892-1987"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Zimbler, Liane, 1892-1987"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":87,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:33:36.091Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1512_c01_c04"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_141_c02_c04","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series D: Programs","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_141_c02_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_141_c02_c04","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_141_c02_c04"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_141_c02_c04","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_141","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_141","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_141_c02","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_141_c02","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_141","vino_repositories_5_resources_141_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_141","vino_repositories_5_resources_141_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bertha Fanning Taylor Papers","Series II: Printed Materials"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bertha Fanning Taylor Papers","Series II: Printed Materials"],"text":["Bertha Fanning Taylor Papers","Series II: Printed Materials","Sub-Series D: Programs"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series D: Programs","title_ssm":["Sub-Series D: Programs"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series D: Programs"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1934-1977, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1934/1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series D: Programs"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Bertha Fanning Taylor Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":51,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#3","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:44:10.790Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_141","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_141","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_141","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_141","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_141.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/141","title_filing_ssi":"Taylor, Bertha Fanning","title_ssm":["Bertha Fanning Taylor Papers"],"title_tesim":["Bertha Fanning Taylor Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1905-1977, undated","Date acquired: 03/04/1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1905-1977, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 03/04/1981"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 44","/repositories/5/resources/141"],"text":["MG 44","/repositories/5/resources/141","Bertha Fanning Taylor Papers","Artists--United States","Women artists--United States","Collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","The collections is organized into seven series: Series I: Literary Productions; Series II: Printed Materials; Series III: Correspondence; Series IV: Scrapbooks; Series V: Charts; Series VI: Photographic Material; and Series VII: Memorabilia.","Bertha Fanning Taylor was born on July 30, 1883 in New York City. She was the daughter of Spencer A. Fanning and Mary A. Switt. In 1889, she moved to Spotswood, New Jersey after her mother's death. In 1896, she attended Hunter College in New York. Upon graduation, Mrs. Taylor studied under Bryson Burroughs at the Women's Art School of Cooper Union in New York City where she received a certificate in 1903.","In 1908, Bertha Fanning married Norman Taylor who was Assistant Curator at the New York Botanical Gardens. The next year, Bertha Fanning Taylor and her husband went on a trip to the West Indies for botanical studies. In 1924, she went to Montpellier, France with her two daughters. From 1929-1933, Mrs. Taylor studied at L'Ecole du English-speaking groups at the Louvre and became assistant to the Art Editor in Paris for The American Herald. In this period, Mrs. Taylor exhibited many of her own works in major salons in Paris.","In 1933, Mrs. Taylor visited her daughter frequently in Rome and visited major art centers of Italy. At the outbreak of World War II, she lived for two months in Rome, but returned to the United States and lived in Greenwich Village.","Upon leaving New York in 1945, Mrs. Taylor came to Norfolk as Curator of the Sloane collection at the Heritage Foundation Museum. In 1948, she taught extension courses in art appreciation, art history, painting and drawing for the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary (presently Old Dominion University) until 1951. During this period Mrs. Taylor in 1950 began teaching classes in painting and drawing at the, Norfolk Museum of Arts and Sciences, as well as classes at the YWCA until 1960. She then opened her own studio.","In 1963, Mrs. Taylor was awarded the medal of the Order of the Palmes Academique by the French government for efforts in the founding of Salon Francais of the Women's Club in Norfolk, In 1966, Mrs. Taylor had a one person show at the Norfolk Museum of Arts of Sciences of graphic work, including drawings, etchings and wood block prints.","Mrs. Taylor published two works. The first was in 1959 entitled Form and Feeling in-Painting and the second in 1968 entitled My Fifteen Years in France. From 1968 to 1977 Mrs. Taylor was very active in the Norfolk Women's Club and taught students on a personal basis.","In 1977 Mrs. Taylor sustained a fall and stayed in the hospital for many weeks and then lived at the Medi-Center nursing home until her death on July 3, 1980.","A long time friend of Mrs. Taylor, Mr. Benjamin F. Clymer of the Reference Department at Old Dominion University summarized Mrs. Taylor as, \"Blue Blood, Blue Stocking, and True Blue with the brilliance of gold and the warmth of red.\"","Note written by Norman Taylor, Jr.","Publications by Bertha Fanning Taylor in the Libraries include: My fifteen years in France (Call #: ND237.T39 A3 1968) and Form and Feeling in Painting (Call #: ND1471 .T39 1959).","The collection contains literary productions, printed materials, correspondence, scrapbooks, charts, photographic materials, and memorabilia. Information in art and art forms is available in the collection. In addition to the artistic significance of the papers, the collection has a significance in the history of Norfolk, especially in the arts.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Came to Norfolk in 1945 as Curator of the Sloane Collection at the Heritage Foundation Museum. Taught art courses at the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary until 1951. Includes literary productions, printed materials, correspondence, photographs, memorabilia, scrapbooks, and charts. In addition to the artistic significance of the papers, the collection documents the history of Norfolk, especially in the arts.","ODU Community Collections","Taylor, Bertha Fanning (1883-1980)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 44","/repositories/5/resources/141"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bertha Fanning Taylor Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bertha Fanning Taylor Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Bertha Fanning Taylor Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"creator_ssm":["Taylor, Bertha Fanning (1883-1980)"],"creator_ssim":["Taylor, Bertha Fanning (1883-1980)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Taylor, Bertha Fanning (1883-1980)"],"creators_ssim":["Taylor, Bertha Fanning (1883-1980)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Norman Taylor, Jr","Gift. Accession #A81-4"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Artists--United States","Women artists--United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Artists--United States","Women artists--United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.60 Linear Feet","3 Hollinger document cases; 1 half Hollinger case boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.60 Linear Feet","3 Hollinger document cases; 1 half Hollinger case boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1981],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collections is organized into seven series: Series I: Literary Productions; Series II: Printed Materials; Series III: Correspondence; Series IV: Scrapbooks; Series V: Charts; Series VI: Photographic Material; and Series VII: Memorabilia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collections is organized into seven series: Series I: Literary Productions; Series II: Printed Materials; Series III: Correspondence; Series IV: Scrapbooks; Series V: Charts; Series VI: Photographic Material; and Series VII: Memorabilia."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBertha Fanning Taylor was born on July 30, 1883 in New York City. She was the daughter of Spencer A. Fanning and Mary A. Switt. In 1889, she moved to Spotswood, New Jersey after her mother's death. In 1896, she attended Hunter College in New York. Upon graduation, Mrs. Taylor studied under Bryson Burroughs at the Women's Art School of Cooper Union in New York City where she received a certificate in 1903.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1908, Bertha Fanning married Norman Taylor who was Assistant Curator at the New York Botanical Gardens. The next year, Bertha Fanning Taylor and her husband went on a trip to the West Indies for botanical studies. In 1924, she went to Montpellier, France with her two daughters. From 1929-1933, Mrs. Taylor studied at L'Ecole du English-speaking groups at the Louvre and became assistant to the Art Editor in Paris for The American Herald. In this period, Mrs. Taylor exhibited many of her own works in major salons in Paris.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1933, Mrs. Taylor visited her daughter frequently in Rome and visited major art centers of Italy. At the outbreak of World War II, she lived for two months in Rome, but returned to the United States and lived in Greenwich Village.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUpon leaving New York in 1945, Mrs. Taylor came to Norfolk as Curator of the Sloane collection at the Heritage Foundation Museum. In 1948, she taught extension courses in art appreciation, art history, painting and drawing for the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary (presently Old Dominion University) until 1951. During this period Mrs. Taylor in 1950 began teaching classes in painting and drawing at the, Norfolk Museum of Arts and Sciences, as well as classes at the YWCA until 1960. She then opened her own studio.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1963, Mrs. Taylor was awarded the medal of the Order of the Palmes Academique by the French government for efforts in the founding of Salon Francais of the Women's Club in Norfolk, In 1966, Mrs. Taylor had a one person show at the Norfolk Museum of Arts of Sciences of graphic work, including drawings, etchings and wood block prints.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Taylor published two works. The first was in 1959 entitled Form and Feeling in-Painting and the second in 1968 entitled My Fifteen Years in France. From 1968 to 1977 Mrs. Taylor was very active in the Norfolk Women's Club and taught students on a personal basis.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1977 Mrs. Taylor sustained a fall and stayed in the hospital for many weeks and then lived at the Medi-Center nursing home until her death on July 3, 1980.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA long time friend of Mrs. Taylor, Mr. Benjamin F. Clymer of the Reference Department at Old Dominion University summarized Mrs. Taylor as, \"Blue Blood, Blue Stocking, and True Blue with the brilliance of gold and the warmth of red.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Norman Taylor, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Bertha Fanning Taylor was born on July 30, 1883 in New York City. She was the daughter of Spencer A. Fanning and Mary A. Switt. In 1889, she moved to Spotswood, New Jersey after her mother's death. In 1896, she attended Hunter College in New York. Upon graduation, Mrs. Taylor studied under Bryson Burroughs at the Women's Art School of Cooper Union in New York City where she received a certificate in 1903.","In 1908, Bertha Fanning married Norman Taylor who was Assistant Curator at the New York Botanical Gardens. The next year, Bertha Fanning Taylor and her husband went on a trip to the West Indies for botanical studies. In 1924, she went to Montpellier, France with her two daughters. From 1929-1933, Mrs. Taylor studied at L'Ecole du English-speaking groups at the Louvre and became assistant to the Art Editor in Paris for The American Herald. In this period, Mrs. Taylor exhibited many of her own works in major salons in Paris.","In 1933, Mrs. Taylor visited her daughter frequently in Rome and visited major art centers of Italy. At the outbreak of World War II, she lived for two months in Rome, but returned to the United States and lived in Greenwich Village.","Upon leaving New York in 1945, Mrs. Taylor came to Norfolk as Curator of the Sloane collection at the Heritage Foundation Museum. In 1948, she taught extension courses in art appreciation, art history, painting and drawing for the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary (presently Old Dominion University) until 1951. During this period Mrs. Taylor in 1950 began teaching classes in painting and drawing at the, Norfolk Museum of Arts and Sciences, as well as classes at the YWCA until 1960. She then opened her own studio.","In 1963, Mrs. Taylor was awarded the medal of the Order of the Palmes Academique by the French government for efforts in the founding of Salon Francais of the Women's Club in Norfolk, In 1966, Mrs. Taylor had a one person show at the Norfolk Museum of Arts of Sciences of graphic work, including drawings, etchings and wood block prints.","Mrs. Taylor published two works. The first was in 1959 entitled Form and Feeling in-Painting and the second in 1968 entitled My Fifteen Years in France. From 1968 to 1977 Mrs. Taylor was very active in the Norfolk Women's Club and taught students on a personal basis.","In 1977 Mrs. Taylor sustained a fall and stayed in the hospital for many weeks and then lived at the Medi-Center nursing home until her death on July 3, 1980.","A long time friend of Mrs. Taylor, Mr. Benjamin F. Clymer of the Reference Department at Old Dominion University summarized Mrs. Taylor as, \"Blue Blood, Blue Stocking, and True Blue with the brilliance of gold and the warmth of red.\"","Note written by Norman Taylor, Jr."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Bertha Fanning Taylor Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Bertha Fanning Taylor Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublications by Bertha Fanning Taylor in the Libraries include: My fifteen years in France (Call #: ND237.T39 A3 1968) and Form and Feeling in Painting (Call #: ND1471 .T39 1959).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Publications by Bertha Fanning Taylor in the Libraries include: My fifteen years in France (Call #: ND237.T39 A3 1968) and Form and Feeling in Painting (Call #: ND1471 .T39 1959)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains literary productions, printed materials, correspondence, scrapbooks, charts, photographic materials, and memorabilia. Information in art and art forms is available in the collection. In addition to the artistic significance of the papers, the collection has a significance in the history of Norfolk, especially in the arts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains literary productions, printed materials, correspondence, scrapbooks, charts, photographic materials, and memorabilia. Information in art and art forms is available in the collection. In addition to the artistic significance of the papers, the collection has a significance in the history of Norfolk, especially in the arts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6c1eaff4f8dabafb16b44e523f1d6d76\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCame to Norfolk in 1945 as Curator of the Sloane Collection at the Heritage Foundation Museum. Taught art courses at the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary until 1951. Includes literary productions, printed materials, correspondence, photographs, memorabilia, scrapbooks, and charts. In addition to the artistic significance of the papers, the collection documents the history of Norfolk, especially in the arts.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Came to Norfolk in 1945 as Curator of the Sloane Collection at the Heritage Foundation Museum. Taught art courses at the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary until 1951. Includes literary productions, printed materials, correspondence, photographs, memorabilia, scrapbooks, and charts. In addition to the artistic significance of the papers, the collection documents the history of Norfolk, especially in the arts."],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Taylor, Bertha Fanning (1883-1980)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Taylor, Bertha Fanning (1883-1980)"],"persname_ssim":["Taylor, Bertha Fanning (1883-1980)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":109,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:44:10.790Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_141_c02_c04"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c02_c04","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Subseries D. Publications","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c02_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c02_c04","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c02_c04"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c02_c04","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c02","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series II. Harold H. Bailey Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series II. Harold H. Bailey Papers"],"text":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series II. Harold H. Bailey Papers","Subseries D. Publications"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subseries D. Publications","title_ssm":["Subseries D. Publications"],"title_tesim":["Subseries D. Publications"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1913-1947"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1913/1947"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subseries D. Publications"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":8,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":118,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#3","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:37:37.482Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1363.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bailey-Law Collection","title_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"title_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1982.002"],"text":["Ms.1982.002","Bailey-Law Collection","Ornithology","Science and Technology","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","Born in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.","Bailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.","In 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.","John Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. ","Though he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). ","Law married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey.","The guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009.","Books from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's  online catalog . ","The extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. ","This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","The collection is organized into the following series: ","Series I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.","Subseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Subseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.","Series II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.","Subseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.","Subseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. ","Subseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia  (1913) and  The Birds of Florida  (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the  Bulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History , together with sample issues of the publication. ","Subseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.","Unique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:","Subseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. ","Subseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.","Series IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.","Series V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: ","Subseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.","Subseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia . The photographs have been divided among the following categories:  The Birds of Virginia , nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.","The following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n \nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1967).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1972).\n \nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n \nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n \nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n \nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n \nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n \nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n \nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n \nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n \nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n \nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n \nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n \nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n \nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n \nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n \nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n \nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n \nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n \nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n \nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1982.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creator_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creators_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Bailey-Law Collection was obtained in several separate accruals. The lithographed plates from Bailey's  The Birds of Florida  were donated to Special Collections in 1980. The bulk of the collection, however, was received via transfers from Virginia Tech's Department of Biology in 1982 and from the Virginia Museum of Natural History at Virginia Tech in 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ornithology","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ornithology","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.0 Cubic Feet 36 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.0 Cubic Feet 36 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/368\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLaw married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note - Harold Harris Bailey","Biographical Note - John Eugene Law"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.","Bailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.","In 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.","John Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. ","Though he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). ","Law married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Bailey-Law Collection, Ms1982-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Bailey-Law Collection, Ms1982-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's \u003cextref href=\"https://catalog.lib.vt.edu/\" title=\"online catalog\"\u003eonline catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's  online catalog . ","The extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into the following series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (1913) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History\u003c/title\u003e, together with sample issues of the publication. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. The photographs have been divided among the following categories: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","The collection is organized into the following series: ","Series I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.","Subseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Subseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.","Series II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.","Subseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.","Subseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. ","Subseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia  (1913) and  The Birds of Florida  (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the  Bulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History , together with sample issues of the publication. ","Subseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.","Unique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:","Subseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. ","Subseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.","Series IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.","Series V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: ","Subseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.","Subseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia . The photographs have been divided among the following categories:  The Birds of Virginia , nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n\u003clist\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026amp; Co., 1967).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026amp; Co., 1972).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n \nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1967).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1972).\n \nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n \nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n \nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n \nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n \nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n \nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n \nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n \nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n \nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n \nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n \nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n \nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n \nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n \nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n \nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n \nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n \nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n \nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n \nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f419c7b4e4e2820af0c941b645e14b03\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"persname_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1290,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:37:37.482Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c02_c04"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c04","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Subseries D: Richmond Academy of Arts/Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c04","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c04"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c04","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers","Series XIV: Art"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers","Series XIV: Art"],"text":["Adele Goodman Clark papers","Series XIV: Art","Subseries D: Richmond Academy of Arts/Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subseries D: Richmond Academy of Arts/Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","title_ssm":["Subseries D: Richmond Academy of Arts/Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts"],"title_tesim":["Subseries D: Richmond Academy of Arts/Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["undated, 1917-1953"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1917/1953"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subseries D: Richmond Academy of Arts/Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":34,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2624,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953],"_nest_path_":"/components#13/components#3","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:37.796Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_279.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Clark, Adele Goodman, papers","title_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"title_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279"],"text":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279","Adele Goodman Clark papers","Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open to research.","Series I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)","A founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.","The second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*","Clark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.","After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.","Selected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.","In addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.","Clark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.","During the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.","In the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.","Clark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Clark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"","Adèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.","[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]","The Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.","The collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman","Willoughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).","The collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.","While the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.","The suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.","The bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.","The records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.","Documentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.","Clark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.","The collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.","The fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.","The final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.","The collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.","Significant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.","Special Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"collection_ssim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creator_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creators_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["128 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["128 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Restrictions on Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSelected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["A founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.","The second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*","Clark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.","After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.","Selected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.","In addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.","Clark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.","During the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.","In the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.","Clark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Clark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"","Adèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.","[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdele Goodman Clark papers, Collection # M 9, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers, Collection # M 9, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilloughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDocumentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSignificant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.","The collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman","Willoughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).","The collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.","While the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.","The suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.","The bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.","The records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.","Documentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.","Clark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.","The collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.","The fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.","The final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.","The collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.","Significant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.","Special Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3079,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:37.796Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c04"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323_c07_c04","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series D. SH Numbered Publications (see also listing in Box 1)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323_c07_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323_c07_c04","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323_c07_c04"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323_c07_c04","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323_c07","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323_c07","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323_c07"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323_c07"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Samuel Herrick Papers","Series VII. Publications, including Reprints and Drafts"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Samuel Herrick Papers","Series VII. Publications, including Reprints and Drafts"],"text":["Samuel Herrick Papers","Series VII. Publications, including Reprints and Drafts","Sub-Series D. SH Numbered Publications (see also listing in Box 1)"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series D. SH Numbered Publications (see also listing in Box 1)","title_ssm":["Sub-Series D. SH Numbered Publications (see also listing in Box 1)"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series D. SH Numbered Publications (see also listing in Box 1)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1932-1972"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1932/1972"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series D. SH Numbered Publications (see also listing in Box 1)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Samuel Herrick Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":221,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":1025,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research with the exception of Box 74, which is restricted for use. Items in Box 74 are restricted for use until 75 years after date of creation."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972],"_nest_path_":"/components#6/components#3","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:35:25.927Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1323","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1323.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Herrick, Samuel, Papers","title_ssm":["Samuel Herrick Papers"],"title_tesim":["Samuel Herrick Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930-1974"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-1974"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1978.002"],"text":["Ms.1978.002","Samuel Herrick Papers","Astronomy","Science and Technology","Astrodynamics","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Astronomers","Aerospace engineers","The collection is open for research with the exception of Box 74, which is restricted for use. Items in Box 74 are restricted for use until 75 years after date of creation.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","Astrodynamics","The Betulia Files contain materials relating to the asteroid (1580) Betulia, named for Samuel Herrick's wife, Betulia Toro Herrick. This includes an article, calculations, correspondence, ephemerides, numerical integration, observations, elements, oppositions, and representations. The Icarus Files contain materials relating to the near-Earth object (1566) Icarus, including ephemerides, residuals, correspondence, history and facts, observations, orbit graphs, and publications. The Geographos Files contain materials relating to the asteroid (1620) Geographos, including early Encke orbit files, elements, ellipse graphs, ephemerides, general information, publicity, variation of parameters, and possible exploration. The Jupiter IX and Jupiter XII Files contain materials relating to Jupiter IX (an irregular satellite of Jupiter now known as Sinope) and Jupiter XII (an irregular moon of Jupiter now known as Ananke). This includes Cowell integrations, ephemeris, graphs, basic calculations, history, general information, variation of constants, observations and representations, and publicity. Items not included in the above files consist of materials relating to other minor planets and objects, such as Lanzia, the Swift comet, and the Wilson object. This includes graphs and calculations, articles, observations, general information, history, ephemerides, opposition graphs, formulae, and procedures. Also included are Minor Planet Center Notices 151 through 2800, and 3535 through 3602. ","Samuel Herrick, generally recognized as the founder of the field of astrodynamics, was born in Madison County, Virginia, in 1911. He received a B. S. in Mathematics from Williams College in 1932 and a Ph.D. in Astronomy from the University of California at Berkeley in 1936. Most of his teaching career was spent at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA). Herrick served as an instructor in the Astronomy Department from 1937 to 1942; as an assistant professor from 1942 to 1947; as an associate professor from 1947 to 1952; and as a professor from 1952 to 1962. He was the Hunsaker Professor of Astronomy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology during 1961-1962 and was made a professor in the Astronomy and Engineering Departments at UCLA in 1962. Herrick died in 1974. ","Herrick's work applied the classic disciplines of celestial mechanics and mathematics to the special problems of space trajectory research. His studies of the celestial mechanics aspects of space navigation date from 1931, when he received advice and encouragement from R. H. Goddard. As early as 1936, he formulated a development program for the utilization of celestial mechanics in the solution of space navigation problems destined to become real problems only two decades later. In 1946, Herrick instituted a course in Rocket Navigation, the world's first university course designed specifically for astronautics. In 1957, he founded the Astrodynamics Colloquium at UCLA to facilitate communication among scientists engaged in rocket research. ","Herrick's publications number over two hundred items, culminating in his comprehensive two-volume work on  Astrodynamics , published by Van Nostrand in 1971-1972. His principal contributions to scientific theory are in the areas of orbit determination and ephemeris integration; universal variables; perturbation theory and variation of parameters; differential correction and least squares; space navigation; and sea and air navigation. Further information on Herrick and his accomplishments can be found in the biographical files in Box 1 of the collection. ","The guide to the Samuel Herrick Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Minimal description was completed prior to 1998.","Additional processing, arrangement and description of the Samuel Herrick Papers was completed as part of the project, \"Piercing the Veil: Creating Access to the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech,\" funded by the  National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)  in 2024. ","This collection is made up of the personal and professional papers of Samuel Herrick (1911-1974), astronomer and founder of the field of astrodynamics. It contains personal materials such as biographical and bibliographical information, correspondence, and personal subject files. This collection also contains materials that document Herrick's career in astronomy, beginning with his B.S. in Mathematics from Williams College and including his time teaching at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA). Among these are notes, drafts of publications, files relating to astrodynamics courses, computer printouts, manuscript calculations, and reprints of the works on others in astronomy and the space sciences. These include notable materials such as correspondence with R. H. Goddard, a development program for the utilization of celestial mechanics in the solution of space navigation problems, the founding of the Astrodynamics Colloquium at UCLA, consulting files for NASA's Project Mercury and the film \"The Day the Earth Stood Still,\" and a comprehensive two-volume work on  Astrodynamics , published by Van Nostrand in 1971-1972. Materials are largely textual, consisting of correspondence, memoranda, reports, clippings, publications, and others. This collection also includes glass plates, Fortran computer printouts, and some drawings.","Series I. Biographical Information, 1949-1973. This series is made up of materials relating to Herrick's life, such as biographical sketches of Herrick, biographical directory files, complete and partial bibliographies, and a personal reading log. These include information about his life, professional activities, honors and memeberships in societies, publications, and citations.","Series II. Academic Files, 1930-1974. This series contains materials related to Herrick's academic activities. This includes files and notes from his time as a student at Williams College, correspondence with faculty, files from his time with UCLA, course notes and materials from courses he taught, and student dissertations, theses, and comprehensive exams. ","Sub-Series A. Academic Activities and Affairs, 1935-1973, includes academic affairs files (1930-1970), UCLA Astronomy Dept.; Guggenheim fellowship (1945-1951); UCLA files; Hunsaker professorship at MIT (1961-1962); reviews of others' works; Los Angeles Advisory Committee (1964-1968); and participation in \"Los Angeles in Paris\" trip (1967-1968).","Sub-Series B. Correspondence, 1931-1972, consists of academic correspondence, including correspondence with R. H. Goddard.","Sub-Series C. Course Materials, 1948-1974. This sub-series includes course notes, outlines, and exams for space navigation (1955) and astrodynamics courses.","Sub-Series D. S.H. Students' Dissertations, Theses, and Comprehensive Exams, 1965-1973, includes drafts and completed versions of dissertations, theses, and comprehensive exams from students Herrick taught.","Sub-Series E. Williams College, 1930-1969. This sub-series includes Williams College course notes; S.H. thesis and papers; and William College Correspondence.","Series III. Correspondence, 1930-1973. This series contains correspondence between Herrick and others ranging from 1930 to 1973.","Series IV. Consulting, 1940-1966. This series includes contracts and consultations, such as Ohio State Mapping Lab, Lockheed, North American Aviation, Army Air Force, NSF Grant G976, Western Data Processing Center, and 20th Century Fox [Consulting for \"The Day the Earth Stood Still\"]. It also includes materials such as monthly reports, proposals, and logs.","Series V. Presentations and Lectures, 1955-1964. This series consists of notes, outlines, slides, and other materials related to talks, presentations, and lectures given by Herrick. This includes talks and presentations given for organizations such as AIAA and IAU, covering topics such as differential correction, variation of parameters, planetary motions, and asteroids.","Series VI. Professional Societies, 1925-1973. This series includes materials related to professional societies in the space sciences, including, but not limited to: the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, American Academy of Mechanics, American Academy of Sciences, American Rocket Society, British Interplanetary Society, and the International Academy of Astronautics. Materials include membership information, board of directors files, awards, annual meeting and conference notes, committees, reports, and journals.","Series VII. Publications, including Reprints and Drafts, 1932-1973. This series includes drafts and reprints of Herrick's many works, notably  Astrodynamics , published in 1971-1972. The series also contains correspondence about Herrick's publications or his reviews of work published by others. There are also reprints of the works of others in astronomy and space sciences.","Series VIII. Manuscript Calculations, 1948-1972. This series consists of calculations used in Herrick's studies of minor planets and objects. It includes materials such as shock waves of Icarus calculations, Project 15, minor planets and objects, perturbations, geophysical constraints and correction methods, collection of formulae, and ephemeral calculations. ","Series IX. Computer Printouts, 1965-1973. This series includes early SH printouts, calculations, and Fortran computer runs such as Betulia ephemeris, Icarus ephemerides, Geographos, planetary coordinates, and two-body problems. Much of the computer printouts were created by Gary R. Smith, who received his Ph.D. in astrodynamics at UCLA in 1972 from Herrick.","Series X. Card Files, n.d. This series contains 4 sets card files with names and addresses of Herrick's contacts and bibliographies for celestial mechanics and astrodynamics.","Series XI. Subject Files, 1924-1981. This series includes Herrick's files on a variety of subjects. These materials reflect his professional and personal interests, including early computers, minor planets, space exploration, and piano music. Notable materials include Aeronutronic Systems Division-Ford files, Technical Study #3, mathematics publications, Jet Propulsion Laboratory reports, files on Betulia, Icarus, Geographos, and Jupiter IX and XII, Minor Planet Center Notices, and notes on navigation.","Series XII. Drawings and Calculations, 1949, n.d. This series consists of oversize drawings and calculations, including rectilinear tables, the nonimal system, and navigational drawings.","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Book Collection:","Harbold, Norris B.  The Log of Air Navigation . San Antonio: The Naylor Company, 1970.","Mechanics .Edited by N.C. Lind. Compiled and produced by American Academy of Mechanics, 1970.","Mechanics .Edited by N.C. Lind. Compiled and produced by American Academy of Mechanics, 1971.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Samuel Herrick was an astronomer who specialized in celestial mechanics, generally recognized as the founder of the field of astrodynamics. His papers consist of correspondence, notes, drafts of publications, files relating to students and courses, and reprints of the works of others in astronomy and space sciences. Other highlights include Herrick's consulting files for projects such as NASA's Project Mercury, the film \"\"The Day the Earth Stood Still\" (1951), and private industry. This collection is part of the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Herrick, Samuel, 1911-1974","Most of the materials in this collection are in English. Some materials in Series VI. Professional Societies, Series VII. Publications, and Series XI. Subject Files are in French, German, Russian, Italian, Dutch, Portuguese, or Japanese."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1978.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Samuel Herrick Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Samuel Herrick Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Samuel Herrick Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Herrick, Samuel, 1911-1974"],"creator_ssim":["Herrick, Samuel, 1911-1974"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Herrick, Samuel, 1911-1974"],"creators_ssim":["Herrick, Samuel, 1911-1974"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Samuel Herrick Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1978."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Astronomy","Science and Technology","Astrodynamics","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Astronomers","Aerospace engineers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Astronomy","Science and Technology","Astrodynamics","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Astronomers","Aerospace engineers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["ca. 85 Cubic Feet 74 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["ca. 85 Cubic Feet 74 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research with the exception of Box 74, which is restricted for use. Items in Box 74 are restricted for use until 75 years after date of creation.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research with the exception of Box 74, which is restricted for use. Items in Box 74 are restricted for use until 75 years after date of creation."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/325\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAstrodynamics\u003c/title\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eThe Betulia Files contain materials relating to the asteroid (1580) Betulia, named for Samuel Herrick's wife, Betulia Toro Herrick. This includes an article, calculations, correspondence, ephemerides, numerical integration, observations, elements, oppositions, and representations.\u003c/li\u003e\n    \n    \u003cli\u003eThe Icarus Files contain materials relating to the near-Earth object (1566) Icarus, including ephemerides, residuals, correspondence, history and facts, observations, orbit graphs, and publications.\u003c/li\u003e\n    \n    \u003cli\u003eThe Geographos Files contain materials relating to the asteroid (1620) Geographos, including early Encke orbit files, elements, ellipse graphs, ephemerides, general information, publicity, variation of parameters, and possible exploration.\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eThe Jupiter IX and Jupiter XII Files contain materials relating to Jupiter IX (an irregular satellite of Jupiter now known as Sinope) and Jupiter XII (an irregular moon of Jupiter now known as Ananke). This includes Cowell integrations, ephemeris, graphs, basic calculations, history, general information, variation of constants, observations and representations, and publicity.\u003c/li\u003e\n    \n    \u003cli\u003eItems not included in the above files consist of materials relating to other minor planets and objects, such as Lanzia, the Swift comet, and the Wilson object. This includes graphs and calculations, articles, observations, general information, history, ephemerides, opposition graphs, formulae, and procedures. Also included are Minor Planet Center Notices 151 through 2800, and 3535 through 3602. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Astrodynamics","The Betulia Files contain materials relating to the asteroid (1580) Betulia, named for Samuel Herrick's wife, Betulia Toro Herrick. This includes an article, calculations, correspondence, ephemerides, numerical integration, observations, elements, oppositions, and representations. The Icarus Files contain materials relating to the near-Earth object (1566) Icarus, including ephemerides, residuals, correspondence, history and facts, observations, orbit graphs, and publications. The Geographos Files contain materials relating to the asteroid (1620) Geographos, including early Encke orbit files, elements, ellipse graphs, ephemerides, general information, publicity, variation of parameters, and possible exploration. The Jupiter IX and Jupiter XII Files contain materials relating to Jupiter IX (an irregular satellite of Jupiter now known as Sinope) and Jupiter XII (an irregular moon of Jupiter now known as Ananke). This includes Cowell integrations, ephemeris, graphs, basic calculations, history, general information, variation of constants, observations and representations, and publicity. Items not included in the above files consist of materials relating to other minor planets and objects, such as Lanzia, the Swift comet, and the Wilson object. This includes graphs and calculations, articles, observations, general information, history, ephemerides, opposition graphs, formulae, and procedures. Also included are Minor Planet Center Notices 151 through 2800, and 3535 through 3602. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSamuel Herrick, generally recognized as the founder of the field of astrodynamics, was born in Madison County, Virginia, in 1911. He received a B. S. in Mathematics from Williams College in 1932 and a Ph.D. in Astronomy from the University of California at Berkeley in 1936. Most of his teaching career was spent at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA). Herrick served as an instructor in the Astronomy Department from 1937 to 1942; as an assistant professor from 1942 to 1947; as an associate professor from 1947 to 1952; and as a professor from 1952 to 1962. He was the Hunsaker Professor of Astronomy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology during 1961-1962 and was made a professor in the Astronomy and Engineering Departments at UCLA in 1962. Herrick died in 1974. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHerrick's work applied the classic disciplines of celestial mechanics and mathematics to the special problems of space trajectory research. His studies of the celestial mechanics aspects of space navigation date from 1931, when he received advice and encouragement from R. H. Goddard. As early as 1936, he formulated a development program for the utilization of celestial mechanics in the solution of space navigation problems destined to become real problems only two decades later. In 1946, Herrick instituted a course in Rocket Navigation, the world's first university course designed specifically for astronautics. In 1957, he founded the Astrodynamics Colloquium at UCLA to facilitate communication among scientists engaged in rocket research. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHerrick's publications number over two hundred items, culminating in his comprehensive two-volume work on \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAstrodynamics\u003c/title\u003e, published by Van Nostrand in 1971-1972. His principal contributions to scientific theory are in the areas of orbit determination and ephemeris integration; universal variables; perturbation theory and variation of parameters; differential correction and least squares; space navigation; and sea and air navigation. Further information on Herrick and his accomplishments can be found in the biographical files in Box 1 of the collection. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Samuel Herrick, generally recognized as the founder of the field of astrodynamics, was born in Madison County, Virginia, in 1911. He received a B. S. in Mathematics from Williams College in 1932 and a Ph.D. in Astronomy from the University of California at Berkeley in 1936. Most of his teaching career was spent at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA). Herrick served as an instructor in the Astronomy Department from 1937 to 1942; as an assistant professor from 1942 to 1947; as an associate professor from 1947 to 1952; and as a professor from 1952 to 1962. He was the Hunsaker Professor of Astronomy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology during 1961-1962 and was made a professor in the Astronomy and Engineering Departments at UCLA in 1962. Herrick died in 1974. ","Herrick's work applied the classic disciplines of celestial mechanics and mathematics to the special problems of space trajectory research. His studies of the celestial mechanics aspects of space navigation date from 1931, when he received advice and encouragement from R. H. Goddard. As early as 1936, he formulated a development program for the utilization of celestial mechanics in the solution of space navigation problems destined to become real problems only two decades later. In 1946, Herrick instituted a course in Rocket Navigation, the world's first university course designed specifically for astronautics. In 1957, he founded the Astrodynamics Colloquium at UCLA to facilitate communication among scientists engaged in rocket research. ","Herrick's publications number over two hundred items, culminating in his comprehensive two-volume work on  Astrodynamics , published by Van Nostrand in 1971-1972. His principal contributions to scientific theory are in the areas of orbit determination and ephemeris integration; universal variables; perturbation theory and variation of parameters; differential correction and least squares; space navigation; and sea and air navigation. Further information on Herrick and his accomplishments can be found in the biographical files in Box 1 of the collection. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Samuel Herrick Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Samuel Herrick Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Samuel Herrick Papers, Ms1978-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Samuel Herrick Papers, Ms1978-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMinimal description was completed prior to 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional processing, arrangement and description of the Samuel Herrick Papers was completed as part of the project, \"Piercing the Veil: Creating Access to the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech,\" funded by the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.archives.gov/nhprc\"\u003eNational Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)\u003c/a\u003e in 2024. \u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Minimal description was completed prior to 1998.","Additional processing, arrangement and description of the Samuel Herrick Papers was completed as part of the project, \"Piercing the Veil: Creating Access to the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech,\" funded by the  National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)  in 2024. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is made up of the personal and professional papers of Samuel Herrick (1911-1974), astronomer and founder of the field of astrodynamics. It contains personal materials such as biographical and bibliographical information, correspondence, and personal subject files. This collection also contains materials that document Herrick's career in astronomy, beginning with his B.S. in Mathematics from Williams College and including his time teaching at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA). Among these are notes, drafts of publications, files relating to astrodynamics courses, computer printouts, manuscript calculations, and reprints of the works on others in astronomy and the space sciences. These include notable materials such as correspondence with R. H. Goddard, a development program for the utilization of celestial mechanics in the solution of space navigation problems, the founding of the Astrodynamics Colloquium at UCLA, consulting files for NASA's Project Mercury and the film \"The Day the Earth Stood Still,\" and a comprehensive two-volume work on \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAstrodynamics\u003c/title\u003e, published by Van Nostrand in 1971-1972. Materials are largely textual, consisting of correspondence, memoranda, reports, clippings, publications, and others. This collection also includes glass plates, Fortran computer printouts, and some drawings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Biographical Information, 1949-1973. This series is made up of materials relating to Herrick's life, such as biographical sketches of Herrick, biographical directory files, complete and partial bibliographies, and a personal reading log. These include information about his life, professional activities, honors and memeberships in societies, publications, and citations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Academic Files, 1930-1974. This series contains materials related to Herrick's academic activities. This includes files and notes from his time as a student at Williams College, correspondence with faculty, files from his time with UCLA, course notes and materials from courses he taught, and student dissertations, theses, and comprehensive exams. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. Academic Activities and Affairs, 1935-1973, includes academic affairs files (1930-1970), UCLA Astronomy Dept.; Guggenheim fellowship (1945-1951); UCLA files; Hunsaker professorship at MIT (1961-1962); reviews of others' works; Los Angeles Advisory Committee (1964-1968); and participation in \"Los Angeles in Paris\" trip (1967-1968).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B. Correspondence, 1931-1972, consists of academic correspondence, including correspondence with R. H. Goddard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series C. Course Materials, 1948-1974. This sub-series includes course notes, outlines, and exams for space navigation (1955) and astrodynamics courses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series D. S.H. Students' Dissertations, Theses, and Comprehensive Exams, 1965-1973, includes drafts and completed versions of dissertations, theses, and comprehensive exams from students Herrick taught.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series E. Williams College, 1930-1969. This sub-series includes Williams College course notes; S.H. thesis and papers; and William College Correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Correspondence, 1930-1973. This series contains correspondence between Herrick and others ranging from 1930 to 1973.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Consulting, 1940-1966. This series includes contracts and consultations, such as Ohio State Mapping Lab, Lockheed, North American Aviation, Army Air Force, NSF Grant G976, Western Data Processing Center, and 20th Century Fox [Consulting for \"The Day the Earth Stood Still\"]. It also includes materials such as monthly reports, proposals, and logs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Presentations and Lectures, 1955-1964. This series consists of notes, outlines, slides, and other materials related to talks, presentations, and lectures given by Herrick. This includes talks and presentations given for organizations such as AIAA and IAU, covering topics such as differential correction, variation of parameters, planetary motions, and asteroids.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Professional Societies, 1925-1973. This series includes materials related to professional societies in the space sciences, including, but not limited to: the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, American Academy of Mechanics, American Academy of Sciences, American Rocket Society, British Interplanetary Society, and the International Academy of Astronautics. Materials include membership information, board of directors files, awards, annual meeting and conference notes, committees, reports, and journals.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII. Publications, including Reprints and Drafts, 1932-1973. This series includes drafts and reprints of Herrick's many works, notably \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAstrodynamics\u003c/title\u003e, published in 1971-1972. The series also contains correspondence about Herrick's publications or his reviews of work published by others. There are also reprints of the works of others in astronomy and space sciences.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII. Manuscript Calculations, 1948-1972. This series consists of calculations used in Herrick's studies of minor planets and objects. It includes materials such as shock waves of Icarus calculations, Project 15, minor planets and objects, perturbations, geophysical constraints and correction methods, collection of formulae, and ephemeral calculations. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX. Computer Printouts, 1965-1973. This series includes early SH printouts, calculations, and Fortran computer runs such as Betulia ephemeris, Icarus ephemerides, Geographos, planetary coordinates, and two-body problems. Much of the computer printouts were created by Gary R. Smith, who received his Ph.D. in astrodynamics at UCLA in 1972 from Herrick.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries X. Card Files, n.d. This series contains 4 sets card files with names and addresses of Herrick's contacts and bibliographies for celestial mechanics and astrodynamics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI. Subject Files, 1924-1981. This series includes Herrick's files on a variety of subjects. These materials reflect his professional and personal interests, including early computers, minor planets, space exploration, and piano music. Notable materials include Aeronutronic Systems Division-Ford files, Technical Study #3, mathematics publications, Jet Propulsion Laboratory reports, files on Betulia, Icarus, Geographos, and Jupiter IX and XII, Minor Planet Center Notices, and notes on navigation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries XII. Drawings and Calculations, 1949, n.d. This series consists of oversize drawings and calculations, including rectilinear tables, the nonimal system, and navigational drawings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection is made up of the personal and professional papers of Samuel Herrick (1911-1974), astronomer and founder of the field of astrodynamics. It contains personal materials such as biographical and bibliographical information, correspondence, and personal subject files. This collection also contains materials that document Herrick's career in astronomy, beginning with his B.S. in Mathematics from Williams College and including his time teaching at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA). Among these are notes, drafts of publications, files relating to astrodynamics courses, computer printouts, manuscript calculations, and reprints of the works on others in astronomy and the space sciences. These include notable materials such as correspondence with R. H. Goddard, a development program for the utilization of celestial mechanics in the solution of space navigation problems, the founding of the Astrodynamics Colloquium at UCLA, consulting files for NASA's Project Mercury and the film \"The Day the Earth Stood Still,\" and a comprehensive two-volume work on  Astrodynamics , published by Van Nostrand in 1971-1972. Materials are largely textual, consisting of correspondence, memoranda, reports, clippings, publications, and others. This collection also includes glass plates, Fortran computer printouts, and some drawings.","Series I. Biographical Information, 1949-1973. This series is made up of materials relating to Herrick's life, such as biographical sketches of Herrick, biographical directory files, complete and partial bibliographies, and a personal reading log. These include information about his life, professional activities, honors and memeberships in societies, publications, and citations.","Series II. Academic Files, 1930-1974. This series contains materials related to Herrick's academic activities. This includes files and notes from his time as a student at Williams College, correspondence with faculty, files from his time with UCLA, course notes and materials from courses he taught, and student dissertations, theses, and comprehensive exams. ","Sub-Series A. Academic Activities and Affairs, 1935-1973, includes academic affairs files (1930-1970), UCLA Astronomy Dept.; Guggenheim fellowship (1945-1951); UCLA files; Hunsaker professorship at MIT (1961-1962); reviews of others' works; Los Angeles Advisory Committee (1964-1968); and participation in \"Los Angeles in Paris\" trip (1967-1968).","Sub-Series B. Correspondence, 1931-1972, consists of academic correspondence, including correspondence with R. H. Goddard.","Sub-Series C. Course Materials, 1948-1974. This sub-series includes course notes, outlines, and exams for space navigation (1955) and astrodynamics courses.","Sub-Series D. S.H. Students' Dissertations, Theses, and Comprehensive Exams, 1965-1973, includes drafts and completed versions of dissertations, theses, and comprehensive exams from students Herrick taught.","Sub-Series E. Williams College, 1930-1969. This sub-series includes Williams College course notes; S.H. thesis and papers; and William College Correspondence.","Series III. Correspondence, 1930-1973. This series contains correspondence between Herrick and others ranging from 1930 to 1973.","Series IV. Consulting, 1940-1966. This series includes contracts and consultations, such as Ohio State Mapping Lab, Lockheed, North American Aviation, Army Air Force, NSF Grant G976, Western Data Processing Center, and 20th Century Fox [Consulting for \"The Day the Earth Stood Still\"]. It also includes materials such as monthly reports, proposals, and logs.","Series V. Presentations and Lectures, 1955-1964. This series consists of notes, outlines, slides, and other materials related to talks, presentations, and lectures given by Herrick. This includes talks and presentations given for organizations such as AIAA and IAU, covering topics such as differential correction, variation of parameters, planetary motions, and asteroids.","Series VI. Professional Societies, 1925-1973. This series includes materials related to professional societies in the space sciences, including, but not limited to: the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, American Academy of Mechanics, American Academy of Sciences, American Rocket Society, British Interplanetary Society, and the International Academy of Astronautics. Materials include membership information, board of directors files, awards, annual meeting and conference notes, committees, reports, and journals.","Series VII. Publications, including Reprints and Drafts, 1932-1973. This series includes drafts and reprints of Herrick's many works, notably  Astrodynamics , published in 1971-1972. The series also contains correspondence about Herrick's publications or his reviews of work published by others. There are also reprints of the works of others in astronomy and space sciences.","Series VIII. Manuscript Calculations, 1948-1972. This series consists of calculations used in Herrick's studies of minor planets and objects. It includes materials such as shock waves of Icarus calculations, Project 15, minor planets and objects, perturbations, geophysical constraints and correction methods, collection of formulae, and ephemeral calculations. ","Series IX. Computer Printouts, 1965-1973. This series includes early SH printouts, calculations, and Fortran computer runs such as Betulia ephemeris, Icarus ephemerides, Geographos, planetary coordinates, and two-body problems. Much of the computer printouts were created by Gary R. Smith, who received his Ph.D. in astrodynamics at UCLA in 1972 from Herrick.","Series X. Card Files, n.d. This series contains 4 sets card files with names and addresses of Herrick's contacts and bibliographies for celestial mechanics and astrodynamics.","Series XI. Subject Files, 1924-1981. This series includes Herrick's files on a variety of subjects. These materials reflect his professional and personal interests, including early computers, minor planets, space exploration, and piano music. Notable materials include Aeronutronic Systems Division-Ford files, Technical Study #3, mathematics publications, Jet Propulsion Laboratory reports, files on Betulia, Icarus, Geographos, and Jupiter IX and XII, Minor Planet Center Notices, and notes on navigation.","Series XII. Drawings and Calculations, 1949, n.d. This series consists of oversize drawings and calculations, including rectilinear tables, the nonimal system, and navigational drawings."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHarbold, Norris B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Log of Air Navigation\u003c/title\u003e. San Antonio: The Naylor Company, 1970.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMechanics\u003c/title\u003e.Edited by N.C. Lind. Compiled and produced by American Academy of Mechanics, 1970.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMechanics\u003c/title\u003e.Edited by N.C. Lind. Compiled and produced by American Academy of Mechanics, 1971.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Book Collection:","Harbold, Norris B.  The Log of Air Navigation . San Antonio: The Naylor Company, 1970.","Mechanics .Edited by N.C. Lind. Compiled and produced by American Academy of Mechanics, 1970.","Mechanics .Edited by N.C. Lind. Compiled and produced by American Academy of Mechanics, 1971."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_acc4d01cb676f92a1d153a36c3fb189e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eSamuel Herrick was an astronomer who specialized in celestial mechanics, generally recognized as the founder of the field of astrodynamics. His papers consist of correspondence, notes, drafts of publications, files relating to students and courses, and reprints of the works of others in astronomy and space sciences. Other highlights include Herrick's consulting files for projects such as NASA's Project Mercury, the film \"\"The Day the Earth Stood Still\" (1951), and private industry. This collection is part of the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Samuel Herrick was an astronomer who specialized in celestial mechanics, generally recognized as the founder of the field of astrodynamics. His papers consist of correspondence, notes, drafts of publications, files relating to students and courses, and reprints of the works of others in astronomy and space sciences. Other highlights include Herrick's consulting files for projects such as NASA's Project Mercury, the film \"\"The Day the Earth Stood Still\" (1951), and private industry. This collection is part of the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_4fc81cde4ab25c82e0187aaee248b2b7\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Herrick, Samuel, 1911-1974"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Herrick, Samuel, 1911-1974"],"language_ssim":["Most of the materials in this collection are in English. Some materials in Series VI. Professional Societies, Series VII. Publications, and Series XI. 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