{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1929\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=15","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1929\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=14","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1929\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=16","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1929\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=78"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":15,"next_page":16,"prev_page":14,"total_pages":78,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":140,"total_count":773,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127_c204","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Convention","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_127_c204#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127_c204","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_127_c204"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127_c204","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_127"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_127"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Virginia Municipal League records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Virginia Municipal League records"],"text":["Virginia Municipal League records","Convention","box 32"],"title_filing_ssi":"Convention","title_ssm":["Convention"],"title_tesim":["Convention"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1924-1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1924/1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Convention"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Municipal League records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":204,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Any financial or personnel materials still in the collection are not available for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Restricted"],"date_range_isim":[1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"containers_ssim":["box 32"],"_nest_path_":"/components#203","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:57.245Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_127","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_127.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00095.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Municipal League records","title_ssm":["Virginia Municipal League records"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Municipal League records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1925-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1925-1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 276"],"text":["M 276","Virginia Municipal League records","Cities and towns -- History -- 20th century. -- Virginia","Municipal government -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia","Any financial or personnel materials still in the collection are not available for research.","Collection is arranged by subject and chronological therein.","Was League of Virginia Municipalities.","This collection contains papers held by the VML. These papers deal with the issues that are of concern to any municipality. A few examples are public safety, waste water regulations, annexation issues, drug dependency and programs, etc. The main bulk seems to be information dealing with Virginia municipalities complying to federal and state regulations. The collection includes reports, bulletins, publications and legal documents. In addition, the library also receives the VML publication, Town and County; for more up-to-date information.","Restricted","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Municipal League","League of Virginia Municipalities","Virginia Municipal League -- Archives","League of Virginia Municipalities -- Archives","English \n.    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These papers deal with the issues that are of concern to any municipality. A few examples are public safety, waste water regulations, annexation issues, drug dependency and programs, etc. The main bulk seems to be information dealing with Virginia municipalities complying to federal and state regulations. The collection includes reports, bulletins, publications and legal documents. In addition, the library also receives the VML publication, Town and County; for more up-to-date information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains papers held by the VML. These papers deal with the issues that are of concern to any municipality. A few examples are public safety, waste water regulations, annexation issues, drug dependency and programs, etc. The main bulk seems to be information dealing with Virginia municipalities complying to federal and state regulations. The collection includes reports, bulletins, publications and legal documents. In addition, the library also receives the VML publication, Town and County; for more up-to-date information."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRestricted\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Terms Governing Use and Reproduction"],"userestrict_tesim":["Restricted"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Municipal League","Virginia Municipal League -- Archives","League of Virginia Municipalities -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Municipal League","League of Virginia Municipalities","Virginia Municipal League -- Archives","League of Virginia Municipalities -- Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Municipal League","League of Virginia Municipalities","Virginia Municipal League -- Archives","League of Virginia Municipalities -- Archives"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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Page (Dblday)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01_c63#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01_c63","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01_c63"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01_c63","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James Branch Cabell collection","Series I--Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James Branch Cabell collection","Series I--Correspondence"],"text":["James Branch Cabell collection","Series I--Correspondence","Cooper, A. Page (Dblday)","box 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"Cooper, A. Page (Dblday)","title_ssm":["Cooper, A. Page (Dblday)"],"title_tesim":["Cooper, A. Page (Dblday)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1927, 1934"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1927/1934"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cooper, A. Page (Dblday)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":64,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#62","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:59.403Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_96.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00065.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Cabell, James Branch, collection","title_ssm":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"title_tesim":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 214","/repositories/5/resources/96"],"text":["M 214","/repositories/5/resources/96","James Branch Cabell collection","Authors, American -- Virginia -- Richmond","Authors, American -- Manuscripts. -- Virginia -- Richmond","The collection is open to research.","Collection is arranged alphabetically. Series I -- Correspondence (1860s-1960s); Series II -- Manuscripts; Series III -- Ephemera, printed material, illustrations, newspaper clippings, etc.; Series IV -- Cabell Society (1963- 1971); Series V -- Between Friends; Series VI -- Criticisms of Cabell's work; Series VII -- Periodicals (essays, reviews and fiction by Cabell); Series VIII -- Dramatic and musical interpretations of Cabell's work; Series IX -- Scrapbooks, notebooks and oversized items.","The collection includes materials removed from books in Cabell's personal library. When Jean Maurice Duke cataloged the book collection he assigned a number (written in pencil) to each item indicating what volume the materials was taken from. Please see James Branch Cabell's Library: A Catalogue by Duke, for reference.","Richmond author James Branch Cabell (1879-1958) is best known for his controversial book,  Jurgen  (1919), a fantasy set in Cabell's mythical medieval world of Poictesme (pronounced Pwa-tem). The New York Society for the Suppression of Vice contended the book was obscene. A trial over its content brought the reclusive writer national fame. Throughout the 1920s, Cabell's literary peers, including H.L. Mencken and Sinclair Lewis, praised his works.","Cabell was born April 14, 1879, at 101 E. Franklin St., the present site of the Richmond Public Library. His father was Robert Gamble Cabell, II (1847-1922), a physician; his mother Anne Harris (1859-1915), daughter of Col. and Mrs. James R. Branch. Cabell's great grandfather was William H. Cabell, governor of Virginia from 1805-1808. Cabell had two brothers, Robert Gamble Cabell, III (1881-1968) and John Lottier Cabell (1883-1946). His parents divorced in 1907.","After attending the College of William and Mary (1893-1898), where he taught courses in French and Greek while an undergraduate, Cabell worked briefly at the  Richmond Times  as a copyholder. In 1899 he moved to New York City and worked for the  New York Herald  as a social reporter.  He returned to Richmond in 1901 and worked several months on the staff of the  Richmond News . During the next ten years, he performed genealogical research and wrote numerous short stories and articles, which he contributed to national magazines such as  Harper's Monthly Magazine  and the  Saturday Evening Post .","In 1911, Cabell worked as a bookkeeper for his uncle James R. Branch's coal mine in West Virginia. Returning to Richmond in 1913, he married Rebecca Priscilla Bradley Shepherd (1874-1949), a widow with five children by her previous marriage. They had one son, Ballard Hartwell Cabell (1915-1980).","Although he had written for newspapers, Cabell's first published nonfiction work was \"The Comedies of William Congreve,\" which appeared in the April 1901 edition of  International . He published his first book,  The Eagle's Shadow , in the autumn of 1904 after it appeared serially in the  Saturday Evening Post  during that summer. His work was slow to draw critical attention. However, by 1918 he had published ten major works and began attracting critical admirers. In an article for the  New York Evening Mail , H.L. Mencken described Cabell as \"the only first-rate literary craftsman that the whole South can show.\" Cabell's stature and fame as an author increased with the 1919 publication of Jurgen.","On January 14, 1920, the New York State Society for the Prevention of Vice charged Cabell's publishing editor, Guy Holt, with violating the anti-obscenity provisions of the New York State Penal Code by publishing  Jurgen . The controversy over the charges and the attempt at censorship brought Cabell much notoriety. Writers defended the artistry of Jurgen and Cabell's right to publish it.","The obscenity trial over Jurgen began October 16, 1922, and ended three days later with an acquittal of all charges. The presiding judge, Charles C. Nott, stated in his decision \"...the most that can be said against the book is that certain passages therein may be considered suggestive in a veiled and subtle way of immorality, but such suggestions are delicately conveyed\" and that because of Cabell's writing style \"...it is doubtful if the book could be read or understood at all by more than a very limited number of readers.\"","Throughout the 1920s, he continued to publish in the style of  Jurgen , a combination of satire, symbolism, and fantasy, set in a mythical medieval French province of Poictesme. The name was a compound of two provinces located in the South of France, Poitiers and Angouleme. Cabell blended an assortment of myths and legends laced with puns, anagrams, and allegories in these books. These works eventually became part of an eighteen-volume collection entitled  The Biography of the Life of Manuel ; the last volume was published in 1930.","Cabell had become well regarded by prominent writers of the period and maintained an extensive correspondence with a wide circle of literary artists and friends, including Mencken, Joseph Hergesheimer, Burton Rascoe, Theodore Dreiser, Sinclair Lewis, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Carl Van Vechten, and fellow Richmonder and close friend Ellen Glasgow (1873-1945). He had known Glasgow since his days at William and Mary. He served as editor of the Virginia War History Commission (1919-1926) and later joined Dreiser, Eugene O'Neil, and others on the editorial board of the  American Spectator  (1932-1935). In 1937, Cabell was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.","While the controversy over  Jurgen  ensured Cabell an audience throughout most of the 1920s, interest in his books dropped sharply in the New Deal era of the 1930s and continued to decline. In 1932, in an attempt to break away from his past, he began publishing under the name Branch Cabell. During the next three decades, he wrote and published nearly twenty more books. They were grouped in a series of trilogies. He returned as James Branch Cabell in 1947 with the publication of  Let Me Lie . It was the first installment of his fifth and last trilogy, consisting mainly of semi-autobiographical essays filled with remembrances of Virginia.","Cabell continued to live and work in Richmond, residing at 3201 Monument Avenue. By 1935 he and his family began spending most of their winter months in St. Augustine, Florida, due to Cabell's reoccurring bouts of pneumonia. During their stay in Florida in 1949, his wife died of heart failure. In 1950, he married Margaret Waller Freeman (1893-1983), whom he had known for many years. Cabell suffered a cerebral hemorrhage in 1958, and on May 5, he died at his home in Richmond.","\nCabell's writings, published in various magazines, newspapers, and anthologies, included numerous short stories, poetry, essays, book reviews, and one play. He authored more than 52 volumes of work, including three devoted to genealogy. Cabell is recognized as one of the first contemporary writers from the South. Like his friend, Ellen Glasgow, Cabell was not afraid to satirize what he saw as the South's contradictions. Others, noting Cabell's unique blending of classic myths and legends with his imagination, consider him a pioneer of fantasy writing. ","Soon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors.","The collection contains James Branch Cabell's personal papers along with materials by other creators related to Cabell. Cabell corresponded with a number of American and British authors such as H.L. Mencken, Ellen Glasgow, Sinclair Lewis, and Theodore Dreiser, as well as with family, friends, editors and publishers. Other materials of note include his manuscripts with Cabells handwritten edits, his notebooks containing information about his published works along with poems and other writings, and the materials found inside the books of his personal library. The materials provide insight into Cabell's writings and personal interests based upon the content he placed within the books of his collection.","Series I contains correspondence between Cabell and his contemporaries in the literary world, family and friends. ","Series II includes various Cabell manuscripts as story ideas, notes, early drafts, school work, essays and poems.","Series III is composed primarily of materials found placed inside Cabell's books and includes ephemera, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, etc.","Series IV are materials from the Cabell Society and contain correspondence between its founders and correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond and Cabell and Frederick Eddy.","Series V has materials related to the book Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others, edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell.","Series VI consists of various criticisms of Cabell's writings, most of which were collected by Jean Maurice Duke while writing James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide.","Series VII includes works by Cabell printed in various periodicals. He often published essays, short stories, and other fiction in periodicals before later revising them into book form. The majority of this series is made up of bound volumes. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the full periodical where the content originally appeared before he developed it into a book.","Series VIII contains plays, poems, and other works inspired by Cabell's work.","Series IX includes scrapbooks and notebooks containing clippings, letters, notes, poems, and other writings by Cabell.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 214","/repositories/5/resources/96"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"collection_ssim":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"creator_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"creators_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Margaret Freeman Cabell in 1976."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Authors, American -- Virginia -- Richmond","Authors, American -- Manuscripts. -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Authors, American -- Virginia -- Richmond","Authors, American -- Manuscripts. -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10 Linear Feet Also includes 3000 volume library"],"extent_tesim":["10 Linear Feet Also includes 3000 volume library"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged alphabetically. Series I -- Correspondence (1860s-1960s); Series II -- Manuscripts; Series III -- Ephemera, printed material, illustrations, newspaper clippings, etc.; Series IV -- Cabell Society (1963- 1971); Series V -- Between Friends; Series VI -- Criticisms of Cabell's work; Series VII -- Periodicals (essays, reviews and fiction by Cabell); Series VIII -- Dramatic and musical interpretations of Cabell's work; Series IX -- Scrapbooks, notebooks and oversized items.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes materials removed from books in Cabell's personal library. When Jean Maurice Duke cataloged the book collection he assigned a number (written in pencil) to each item indicating what volume the materials was taken from. Please see James Branch Cabell's Library: A Catalogue by Duke, for reference.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged alphabetically. Series I -- Correspondence (1860s-1960s); Series II -- Manuscripts; Series III -- Ephemera, printed material, illustrations, newspaper clippings, etc.; Series IV -- Cabell Society (1963- 1971); Series V -- Between Friends; Series VI -- Criticisms of Cabell's work; Series VII -- Periodicals (essays, reviews and fiction by Cabell); Series VIII -- Dramatic and musical interpretations of Cabell's work; Series IX -- Scrapbooks, notebooks and oversized items.","The collection includes materials removed from books in Cabell's personal library. When Jean Maurice Duke cataloged the book collection he assigned a number (written in pencil) to each item indicating what volume the materials was taken from. Please see James Branch Cabell's Library: A Catalogue by Duke, for reference."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichmond author James Branch Cabell (1879-1958) is best known for his controversial book, \u003ctitle\u003eJurgen\u003c/title\u003e (1919), a fantasy set in Cabell's mythical medieval world of Poictesme (pronounced Pwa-tem). The New York Society for the Suppression of Vice contended the book was obscene. A trial over its content brought the reclusive writer national fame. Throughout the 1920s, Cabell's literary peers, including H.L. Mencken and Sinclair Lewis, praised his works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCabell was born April 14, 1879, at 101 E. Franklin St., the present site of the Richmond Public Library. His father was Robert Gamble Cabell, II (1847-1922), a physician; his mother Anne Harris (1859-1915), daughter of Col. and Mrs. James R. Branch. Cabell's great grandfather was William H. Cabell, governor of Virginia from 1805-1808. Cabell had two brothers, Robert Gamble Cabell, III (1881-1968) and John Lottier Cabell (1883-1946). His parents divorced in 1907.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter attending the College of William and Mary (1893-1898), where he taught courses in French and Greek while an undergraduate, Cabell worked briefly at the \u003ctitle\u003eRichmond Times\u003c/title\u003e as a copyholder. In 1899 he moved to New York City and worked for the \u003ctitle\u003eNew York Herald\u003c/title\u003e as a social reporter.  He returned to Richmond in 1901 and worked several months on the staff of the \u003ctitle\u003eRichmond News\u003c/title\u003e. During the next ten years, he performed genealogical research and wrote numerous short stories and articles, which he contributed to national magazines such as \u003ctitle\u003eHarper's Monthly Magazine\u003c/title\u003e and the \u003ctitle\u003eSaturday Evening Post\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1911, Cabell worked as a bookkeeper for his uncle James R. Branch's coal mine in West Virginia. Returning to Richmond in 1913, he married Rebecca Priscilla Bradley Shepherd (1874-1949), a widow with five children by her previous marriage. They had one son, Ballard Hartwell Cabell (1915-1980).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough he had written for newspapers, Cabell's first published nonfiction work was \"The Comedies of William Congreve,\" which appeared in the April 1901 edition of \u003ctitle\u003eInternational\u003c/title\u003e. He published his first book, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Eagle's Shadow\u003c/title\u003e, in the autumn of 1904 after it appeared serially in the \u003ctitle\u003eSaturday Evening Post\u003c/title\u003e during that summer. His work was slow to draw critical attention. However, by 1918 he had published ten major works and began attracting critical admirers. In an article for the \u003ctitle\u003eNew York Evening Mail\u003c/title\u003e, H.L. Mencken described Cabell as \"the only first-rate literary craftsman that the whole South can show.\" Cabell's stature and fame as an author increased with the 1919 publication of Jurgen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn January 14, 1920, the New York State Society for the Prevention of Vice charged Cabell's publishing editor, Guy Holt, with violating the anti-obscenity provisions of the New York State Penal Code by publishing \u003ctitle\u003eJurgen\u003c/title\u003e. The controversy over the charges and the attempt at censorship brought Cabell much notoriety. Writers defended the artistry of Jurgen and Cabell's right to publish it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe obscenity trial over Jurgen began October 16, 1922, and ended three days later with an acquittal of all charges. The presiding judge, Charles C. Nott, stated in his decision \"...the most that can be said against the book is that certain passages therein may be considered suggestive in a veiled and subtle way of immorality, but such suggestions are delicately conveyed\" and that because of Cabell's writing style \"...it is doubtful if the book could be read or understood at all by more than a very limited number of readers.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThroughout the 1920s, he continued to publish in the style of \u003ctitle\u003eJurgen\u003c/title\u003e, a combination of satire, symbolism, and fantasy, set in a mythical medieval French province of Poictesme. The name was a compound of two provinces located in the South of France, Poitiers and Angouleme. Cabell blended an assortment of myths and legends laced with puns, anagrams, and allegories in these books. These works eventually became part of an eighteen-volume collection entitled \u003ctitle\u003eThe Biography of the Life of Manuel\u003c/title\u003e; the last volume was published in 1930.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCabell had become well regarded by prominent writers of the period and maintained an extensive correspondence with a wide circle of literary artists and friends, including Mencken, Joseph Hergesheimer, Burton Rascoe, Theodore Dreiser, Sinclair Lewis, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Carl Van Vechten, and fellow Richmonder and close friend Ellen Glasgow (1873-1945). He had known Glasgow since his days at William and Mary. He served as editor of the Virginia War History Commission (1919-1926) and later joined Dreiser, Eugene O'Neil, and others on the editorial board of the \u003ctitle\u003eAmerican Spectator\u003c/title\u003e (1932-1935). In 1937, Cabell was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile the controversy over \u003ctitle\u003eJurgen\u003c/title\u003e ensured Cabell an audience throughout most of the 1920s, interest in his books dropped sharply in the New Deal era of the 1930s and continued to decline. In 1932, in an attempt to break away from his past, he began publishing under the name Branch Cabell. During the next three decades, he wrote and published nearly twenty more books. They were grouped in a series of trilogies. He returned as James Branch Cabell in 1947 with the publication of \u003ctitle\u003eLet Me Lie\u003c/title\u003e. It was the first installment of his fifth and last trilogy, consisting mainly of semi-autobiographical essays filled with remembrances of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCabell continued to live and work in Richmond, residing at 3201 Monument Avenue. By 1935 he and his family began spending most of their winter months in St. Augustine, Florida, due to Cabell's reoccurring bouts of pneumonia. During their stay in Florida in 1949, his wife died of heart failure. In 1950, he married Margaret Waller Freeman (1893-1983), whom he had known for many years. Cabell suffered a cerebral hemorrhage in 1958, and on May 5, he died at his home in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCabell's writings, published in various magazines, newspapers, and anthologies, included numerous short stories, poetry, essays, book reviews, and one play. He authored more than 52 volumes of work, including three devoted to genealogy. Cabell is recognized as one of the first contemporary writers from the South. Like his friend, Ellen Glasgow, Cabell was not afraid to satirize what he saw as the South's contradictions. Others, noting Cabell's unique blending of classic myths and legends with his imagination, consider him a pioneer of fantasy writing. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSoon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richmond author James Branch Cabell (1879-1958) is best known for his controversial book,  Jurgen  (1919), a fantasy set in Cabell's mythical medieval world of Poictesme (pronounced Pwa-tem). The New York Society for the Suppression of Vice contended the book was obscene. A trial over its content brought the reclusive writer national fame. Throughout the 1920s, Cabell's literary peers, including H.L. Mencken and Sinclair Lewis, praised his works.","Cabell was born April 14, 1879, at 101 E. Franklin St., the present site of the Richmond Public Library. His father was Robert Gamble Cabell, II (1847-1922), a physician; his mother Anne Harris (1859-1915), daughter of Col. and Mrs. James R. Branch. Cabell's great grandfather was William H. Cabell, governor of Virginia from 1805-1808. Cabell had two brothers, Robert Gamble Cabell, III (1881-1968) and John Lottier Cabell (1883-1946). His parents divorced in 1907.","After attending the College of William and Mary (1893-1898), where he taught courses in French and Greek while an undergraduate, Cabell worked briefly at the  Richmond Times  as a copyholder. In 1899 he moved to New York City and worked for the  New York Herald  as a social reporter.  He returned to Richmond in 1901 and worked several months on the staff of the  Richmond News . During the next ten years, he performed genealogical research and wrote numerous short stories and articles, which he contributed to national magazines such as  Harper's Monthly Magazine  and the  Saturday Evening Post .","In 1911, Cabell worked as a bookkeeper for his uncle James R. Branch's coal mine in West Virginia. Returning to Richmond in 1913, he married Rebecca Priscilla Bradley Shepherd (1874-1949), a widow with five children by her previous marriage. They had one son, Ballard Hartwell Cabell (1915-1980).","Although he had written for newspapers, Cabell's first published nonfiction work was \"The Comedies of William Congreve,\" which appeared in the April 1901 edition of  International . He published his first book,  The Eagle's Shadow , in the autumn of 1904 after it appeared serially in the  Saturday Evening Post  during that summer. His work was slow to draw critical attention. However, by 1918 he had published ten major works and began attracting critical admirers. In an article for the  New York Evening Mail , H.L. Mencken described Cabell as \"the only first-rate literary craftsman that the whole South can show.\" Cabell's stature and fame as an author increased with the 1919 publication of Jurgen.","On January 14, 1920, the New York State Society for the Prevention of Vice charged Cabell's publishing editor, Guy Holt, with violating the anti-obscenity provisions of the New York State Penal Code by publishing  Jurgen . The controversy over the charges and the attempt at censorship brought Cabell much notoriety. Writers defended the artistry of Jurgen and Cabell's right to publish it.","The obscenity trial over Jurgen began October 16, 1922, and ended three days later with an acquittal of all charges. The presiding judge, Charles C. Nott, stated in his decision \"...the most that can be said against the book is that certain passages therein may be considered suggestive in a veiled and subtle way of immorality, but such suggestions are delicately conveyed\" and that because of Cabell's writing style \"...it is doubtful if the book could be read or understood at all by more than a very limited number of readers.\"","Throughout the 1920s, he continued to publish in the style of  Jurgen , a combination of satire, symbolism, and fantasy, set in a mythical medieval French province of Poictesme. The name was a compound of two provinces located in the South of France, Poitiers and Angouleme. Cabell blended an assortment of myths and legends laced with puns, anagrams, and allegories in these books. These works eventually became part of an eighteen-volume collection entitled  The Biography of the Life of Manuel ; the last volume was published in 1930.","Cabell had become well regarded by prominent writers of the period and maintained an extensive correspondence with a wide circle of literary artists and friends, including Mencken, Joseph Hergesheimer, Burton Rascoe, Theodore Dreiser, Sinclair Lewis, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Carl Van Vechten, and fellow Richmonder and close friend Ellen Glasgow (1873-1945). He had known Glasgow since his days at William and Mary. He served as editor of the Virginia War History Commission (1919-1926) and later joined Dreiser, Eugene O'Neil, and others on the editorial board of the  American Spectator  (1932-1935). In 1937, Cabell was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.","While the controversy over  Jurgen  ensured Cabell an audience throughout most of the 1920s, interest in his books dropped sharply in the New Deal era of the 1930s and continued to decline. In 1932, in an attempt to break away from his past, he began publishing under the name Branch Cabell. During the next three decades, he wrote and published nearly twenty more books. They were grouped in a series of trilogies. He returned as James Branch Cabell in 1947 with the publication of  Let Me Lie . It was the first installment of his fifth and last trilogy, consisting mainly of semi-autobiographical essays filled with remembrances of Virginia.","Cabell continued to live and work in Richmond, residing at 3201 Monument Avenue. By 1935 he and his family began spending most of their winter months in St. Augustine, Florida, due to Cabell's reoccurring bouts of pneumonia. During their stay in Florida in 1949, his wife died of heart failure. In 1950, he married Margaret Waller Freeman (1893-1983), whom he had known for many years. Cabell suffered a cerebral hemorrhage in 1958, and on May 5, he died at his home in Richmond.","\nCabell's writings, published in various magazines, newspapers, and anthologies, included numerous short stories, poetry, essays, book reviews, and one play. He authored more than 52 volumes of work, including three devoted to genealogy. Cabell is recognized as one of the first contemporary writers from the South. Like his friend, Ellen Glasgow, Cabell was not afraid to satirize what he saw as the South's contradictions. Others, noting Cabell's unique blending of classic myths and legends with his imagination, consider him a pioneer of fantasy writing. ","Soon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Branch Cabell collection, Collection # M 214, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["James Branch Cabell collection, Collection # M 214, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains James Branch Cabell's personal papers along with materials by other creators related to Cabell. Cabell corresponded with a number of American and British authors such as H.L. Mencken, Ellen Glasgow, Sinclair Lewis, and Theodore Dreiser, as well as with family, friends, editors and publishers. Other materials of note include his manuscripts with Cabells handwritten edits, his notebooks containing information about his published works along with poems and other writings, and the materials found inside the books of his personal library. The materials provide insight into Cabell's writings and personal interests based upon the content he placed within the books of his collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I contains correspondence between Cabell and his contemporaries in the literary world, family and friends. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II includes various Cabell manuscripts as story ideas, notes, early drafts, school work, essays and poems.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III is composed primarily of materials found placed inside Cabell's books and includes ephemera, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV are materials from the Cabell Society and contain correspondence between its founders and correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond and Cabell and Frederick Eddy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V has materials related to the book Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others, edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI consists of various criticisms of Cabell's writings, most of which were collected by Jean Maurice Duke while writing James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII includes works by Cabell printed in various periodicals. He often published essays, short stories, and other fiction in periodicals before later revising them into book form. The majority of this series is made up of bound volumes. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the full periodical where the content originally appeared before he developed it into a book.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII contains plays, poems, and other works inspired by Cabell's work.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX includes scrapbooks and notebooks containing clippings, letters, notes, poems, and other writings by Cabell.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains James Branch Cabell's personal papers along with materials by other creators related to Cabell. Cabell corresponded with a number of American and British authors such as H.L. Mencken, Ellen Glasgow, Sinclair Lewis, and Theodore Dreiser, as well as with family, friends, editors and publishers. Other materials of note include his manuscripts with Cabells handwritten edits, his notebooks containing information about his published works along with poems and other writings, and the materials found inside the books of his personal library. The materials provide insight into Cabell's writings and personal interests based upon the content he placed within the books of his collection.","Series I contains correspondence between Cabell and his contemporaries in the literary world, family and friends. ","Series II includes various Cabell manuscripts as story ideas, notes, early drafts, school work, essays and poems.","Series III is composed primarily of materials found placed inside Cabell's books and includes ephemera, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, etc.","Series IV are materials from the Cabell Society and contain correspondence between its founders and correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond and Cabell and Frederick Eddy.","Series V has materials related to the book Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others, edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell.","Series VI consists of various criticisms of Cabell's writings, most of which were collected by Jean Maurice Duke while writing James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide.","Series VII includes works by Cabell printed in various periodicals. He often published essays, short stories, and other fiction in periodicals before later revising them into book form. The majority of this series is made up of bound volumes. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the full periodical where the content originally appeared before he developed it into a book.","Series VIII contains plays, poems, and other works inspired by Cabell's work.","Series IX includes scrapbooks and notebooks containing clippings, letters, notes, poems, and other writings by Cabell."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"persname_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":493,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:59.403Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01_c63"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c10_c07","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Co-Ordinate College--Publications","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c10_c07#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c10_c07","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c10_c07"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c10_c07","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c10","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c10","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c10"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c10"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers","Series X: Liberal Arts College for Women Commission"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers","Series X: Liberal Arts College for Women Commission"],"text":["Adele Goodman Clark papers","Series X: Liberal Arts College for Women Commission","Co-Ordinate College--Publications","box 153"],"title_filing_ssi":"Co-Ordinate College--Publications","title_ssm":["Co-Ordinate College--Publications"],"title_tesim":["Co-Ordinate College--Publications"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["undated 1918, 1970"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1918/1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Co-Ordinate College--Publications"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":2323,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"containers_ssim":["box 153"],"_nest_path_":"/components#9/components#6","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:37.796Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_279.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Clark, Adele Goodman, papers","title_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"title_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279"],"text":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279","Adele Goodman Clark papers","Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open to research.","Series I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)","A founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.","The second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*","Clark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.","After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.","Selected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.","In addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.","Clark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.","During the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.","In the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.","Clark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Clark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"","Adèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.","[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]","The Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.","The collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman","Willoughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).","The collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.","While the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.","The suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.","The bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.","The records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.","Documentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.","Clark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.","The collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.","The fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.","The final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.","The collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.","Significant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.","Special Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"collection_ssim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creator_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creators_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["128 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["128 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Restrictions on Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSelected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["A founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.","The second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*","Clark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.","After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.","Selected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.","In addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.","Clark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.","During the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.","In the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.","Clark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Clark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"","Adèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.","[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdele Goodman Clark papers, Collection # M 9, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers, Collection # M 9, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilloughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDocumentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSignificant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.","The collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman","Willoughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).","The collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.","While the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.","The suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.","The bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.","The records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.","Documentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.","Clark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.","The collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.","The fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.","The final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.","The collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.","Significant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.","Special Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3079,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:37.796Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c10_c07"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c08_c07_c03","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Corcoran Gallery of Art,","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c08_c07_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c08_c07_c03","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c08_c07_c03"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c08_c07_c03","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c08_c07","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c08_c07","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14","vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c08","vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c08_c07"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14","vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c08","vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c08_c07"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers","Series XIV: Art","Subseries H: Printed Materials","Exhibition Announcements and Bulletins"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers","Series XIV: Art","Subseries H: Printed Materials","Exhibition Announcements and Bulletins"],"text":["Adele Goodman Clark papers","Series XIV: Art","Subseries H: Printed Materials","Exhibition Announcements and Bulletins","Corcoran Gallery of Art,","box 185"],"title_filing_ssi":"Corcoran Gallery of Art,","title_ssm":["Corcoran Gallery of Art,"],"title_tesim":["Corcoran Gallery of Art,"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1928-1935"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1928/1935"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Corcoran Gallery of Art,"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":2796,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935],"containers_ssim":["box 185"],"_nest_path_":"/components#13/components#7/components#6/components#2","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:37.796Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_279.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Clark, Adele Goodman, papers","title_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"title_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279"],"text":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279","Adele Goodman Clark papers","Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open to research.","Series I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)","A founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.","The second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*","Clark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.","After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.","Selected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.","In addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.","Clark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.","During the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.","In the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.","Clark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Clark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"","Adèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.","[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]","The Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.","The collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman","Willoughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).","The collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.","While the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.","The suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.","The bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.","The records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.","Documentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.","Clark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.","The collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.","The fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.","The final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.","The collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.","Significant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.","Special Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"collection_ssim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creator_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creators_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["128 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["128 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Restrictions on Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSelected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["A founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.","The second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*","Clark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.","After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.","Selected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.","In addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.","Clark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.","During the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.","In the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.","Clark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Clark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"","Adèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.","[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdele Goodman Clark papers, Collection # M 9, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers, Collection # M 9, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilloughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDocumentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSignificant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.","The collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman","Willoughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).","The collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.","While the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.","The suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.","The bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.","The records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.","Documentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.","Clark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.","The collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.","The fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.","The final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.","The collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.","Significant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.","Special Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3079,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:37.796Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c08_c07_c03"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01_c64","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Corley, Donald","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01_c64#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01_c64","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01_c64"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01_c64","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James Branch Cabell collection","Series I--Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James Branch Cabell collection","Series I--Correspondence"],"text":["James Branch Cabell collection","Series I--Correspondence","Corley, Donald","box 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"Corley, Donald","title_ssm":["Corley, Donald"],"title_tesim":["Corley, Donald"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1927, 1930"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1927/1930"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Corley, Donald"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":65,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1927,1928,1929,1930],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#63","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:59.403Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_96","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_96.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00065.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Cabell, James Branch, collection","title_ssm":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"title_tesim":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 214","/repositories/5/resources/96"],"text":["M 214","/repositories/5/resources/96","James Branch Cabell collection","Authors, American -- Virginia -- Richmond","Authors, American -- Manuscripts. -- Virginia -- Richmond","The collection is open to research.","Collection is arranged alphabetically. Series I -- Correspondence (1860s-1960s); Series II -- Manuscripts; Series III -- Ephemera, printed material, illustrations, newspaper clippings, etc.; Series IV -- Cabell Society (1963- 1971); Series V -- Between Friends; Series VI -- Criticisms of Cabell's work; Series VII -- Periodicals (essays, reviews and fiction by Cabell); Series VIII -- Dramatic and musical interpretations of Cabell's work; Series IX -- Scrapbooks, notebooks and oversized items.","The collection includes materials removed from books in Cabell's personal library. When Jean Maurice Duke cataloged the book collection he assigned a number (written in pencil) to each item indicating what volume the materials was taken from. Please see James Branch Cabell's Library: A Catalogue by Duke, for reference.","Richmond author James Branch Cabell (1879-1958) is best known for his controversial book,  Jurgen  (1919), a fantasy set in Cabell's mythical medieval world of Poictesme (pronounced Pwa-tem). The New York Society for the Suppression of Vice contended the book was obscene. A trial over its content brought the reclusive writer national fame. Throughout the 1920s, Cabell's literary peers, including H.L. Mencken and Sinclair Lewis, praised his works.","Cabell was born April 14, 1879, at 101 E. Franklin St., the present site of the Richmond Public Library. His father was Robert Gamble Cabell, II (1847-1922), a physician; his mother Anne Harris (1859-1915), daughter of Col. and Mrs. James R. Branch. Cabell's great grandfather was William H. Cabell, governor of Virginia from 1805-1808. Cabell had two brothers, Robert Gamble Cabell, III (1881-1968) and John Lottier Cabell (1883-1946). His parents divorced in 1907.","After attending the College of William and Mary (1893-1898), where he taught courses in French and Greek while an undergraduate, Cabell worked briefly at the  Richmond Times  as a copyholder. In 1899 he moved to New York City and worked for the  New York Herald  as a social reporter.  He returned to Richmond in 1901 and worked several months on the staff of the  Richmond News . During the next ten years, he performed genealogical research and wrote numerous short stories and articles, which he contributed to national magazines such as  Harper's Monthly Magazine  and the  Saturday Evening Post .","In 1911, Cabell worked as a bookkeeper for his uncle James R. Branch's coal mine in West Virginia. Returning to Richmond in 1913, he married Rebecca Priscilla Bradley Shepherd (1874-1949), a widow with five children by her previous marriage. They had one son, Ballard Hartwell Cabell (1915-1980).","Although he had written for newspapers, Cabell's first published nonfiction work was \"The Comedies of William Congreve,\" which appeared in the April 1901 edition of  International . He published his first book,  The Eagle's Shadow , in the autumn of 1904 after it appeared serially in the  Saturday Evening Post  during that summer. His work was slow to draw critical attention. However, by 1918 he had published ten major works and began attracting critical admirers. In an article for the  New York Evening Mail , H.L. Mencken described Cabell as \"the only first-rate literary craftsman that the whole South can show.\" Cabell's stature and fame as an author increased with the 1919 publication of Jurgen.","On January 14, 1920, the New York State Society for the Prevention of Vice charged Cabell's publishing editor, Guy Holt, with violating the anti-obscenity provisions of the New York State Penal Code by publishing  Jurgen . The controversy over the charges and the attempt at censorship brought Cabell much notoriety. Writers defended the artistry of Jurgen and Cabell's right to publish it.","The obscenity trial over Jurgen began October 16, 1922, and ended three days later with an acquittal of all charges. The presiding judge, Charles C. Nott, stated in his decision \"...the most that can be said against the book is that certain passages therein may be considered suggestive in a veiled and subtle way of immorality, but such suggestions are delicately conveyed\" and that because of Cabell's writing style \"...it is doubtful if the book could be read or understood at all by more than a very limited number of readers.\"","Throughout the 1920s, he continued to publish in the style of  Jurgen , a combination of satire, symbolism, and fantasy, set in a mythical medieval French province of Poictesme. The name was a compound of two provinces located in the South of France, Poitiers and Angouleme. Cabell blended an assortment of myths and legends laced with puns, anagrams, and allegories in these books. These works eventually became part of an eighteen-volume collection entitled  The Biography of the Life of Manuel ; the last volume was published in 1930.","Cabell had become well regarded by prominent writers of the period and maintained an extensive correspondence with a wide circle of literary artists and friends, including Mencken, Joseph Hergesheimer, Burton Rascoe, Theodore Dreiser, Sinclair Lewis, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Carl Van Vechten, and fellow Richmonder and close friend Ellen Glasgow (1873-1945). He had known Glasgow since his days at William and Mary. He served as editor of the Virginia War History Commission (1919-1926) and later joined Dreiser, Eugene O'Neil, and others on the editorial board of the  American Spectator  (1932-1935). In 1937, Cabell was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.","While the controversy over  Jurgen  ensured Cabell an audience throughout most of the 1920s, interest in his books dropped sharply in the New Deal era of the 1930s and continued to decline. In 1932, in an attempt to break away from his past, he began publishing under the name Branch Cabell. During the next three decades, he wrote and published nearly twenty more books. They were grouped in a series of trilogies. He returned as James Branch Cabell in 1947 with the publication of  Let Me Lie . It was the first installment of his fifth and last trilogy, consisting mainly of semi-autobiographical essays filled with remembrances of Virginia.","Cabell continued to live and work in Richmond, residing at 3201 Monument Avenue. By 1935 he and his family began spending most of their winter months in St. Augustine, Florida, due to Cabell's reoccurring bouts of pneumonia. During their stay in Florida in 1949, his wife died of heart failure. In 1950, he married Margaret Waller Freeman (1893-1983), whom he had known for many years. Cabell suffered a cerebral hemorrhage in 1958, and on May 5, he died at his home in Richmond.","\nCabell's writings, published in various magazines, newspapers, and anthologies, included numerous short stories, poetry, essays, book reviews, and one play. He authored more than 52 volumes of work, including three devoted to genealogy. Cabell is recognized as one of the first contemporary writers from the South. Like his friend, Ellen Glasgow, Cabell was not afraid to satirize what he saw as the South's contradictions. Others, noting Cabell's unique blending of classic myths and legends with his imagination, consider him a pioneer of fantasy writing. ","Soon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors.","The collection contains James Branch Cabell's personal papers along with materials by other creators related to Cabell. Cabell corresponded with a number of American and British authors such as H.L. Mencken, Ellen Glasgow, Sinclair Lewis, and Theodore Dreiser, as well as with family, friends, editors and publishers. Other materials of note include his manuscripts with Cabells handwritten edits, his notebooks containing information about his published works along with poems and other writings, and the materials found inside the books of his personal library. The materials provide insight into Cabell's writings and personal interests based upon the content he placed within the books of his collection.","Series I contains correspondence between Cabell and his contemporaries in the literary world, family and friends. ","Series II includes various Cabell manuscripts as story ideas, notes, early drafts, school work, essays and poems.","Series III is composed primarily of materials found placed inside Cabell's books and includes ephemera, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, etc.","Series IV are materials from the Cabell Society and contain correspondence between its founders and correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond and Cabell and Frederick Eddy.","Series V has materials related to the book Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others, edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell.","Series VI consists of various criticisms of Cabell's writings, most of which were collected by Jean Maurice Duke while writing James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide.","Series VII includes works by Cabell printed in various periodicals. He often published essays, short stories, and other fiction in periodicals before later revising them into book form. The majority of this series is made up of bound volumes. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the full periodical where the content originally appeared before he developed it into a book.","Series VIII contains plays, poems, and other works inspired by Cabell's work.","Series IX includes scrapbooks and notebooks containing clippings, letters, notes, poems, and other writings by Cabell.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 214","/repositories/5/resources/96"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"collection_ssim":["James Branch Cabell collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"creator_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"creators_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Margaret Freeman Cabell in 1976."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Authors, American -- Virginia -- Richmond","Authors, American -- Manuscripts. -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Authors, American -- Virginia -- Richmond","Authors, American -- Manuscripts. -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10 Linear Feet Also includes 3000 volume library"],"extent_tesim":["10 Linear Feet Also includes 3000 volume library"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged alphabetically. Series I -- Correspondence (1860s-1960s); Series II -- Manuscripts; Series III -- Ephemera, printed material, illustrations, newspaper clippings, etc.; Series IV -- Cabell Society (1963- 1971); Series V -- Between Friends; Series VI -- Criticisms of Cabell's work; Series VII -- Periodicals (essays, reviews and fiction by Cabell); Series VIII -- Dramatic and musical interpretations of Cabell's work; Series IX -- Scrapbooks, notebooks and oversized items.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes materials removed from books in Cabell's personal library. When Jean Maurice Duke cataloged the book collection he assigned a number (written in pencil) to each item indicating what volume the materials was taken from. Please see James Branch Cabell's Library: A Catalogue by Duke, for reference.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged alphabetically. Series I -- Correspondence (1860s-1960s); Series II -- Manuscripts; Series III -- Ephemera, printed material, illustrations, newspaper clippings, etc.; Series IV -- Cabell Society (1963- 1971); Series V -- Between Friends; Series VI -- Criticisms of Cabell's work; Series VII -- Periodicals (essays, reviews and fiction by Cabell); Series VIII -- Dramatic and musical interpretations of Cabell's work; Series IX -- Scrapbooks, notebooks and oversized items.","The collection includes materials removed from books in Cabell's personal library. When Jean Maurice Duke cataloged the book collection he assigned a number (written in pencil) to each item indicating what volume the materials was taken from. Please see James Branch Cabell's Library: A Catalogue by Duke, for reference."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichmond author James Branch Cabell (1879-1958) is best known for his controversial book, \u003ctitle\u003eJurgen\u003c/title\u003e (1919), a fantasy set in Cabell's mythical medieval world of Poictesme (pronounced Pwa-tem). The New York Society for the Suppression of Vice contended the book was obscene. A trial over its content brought the reclusive writer national fame. Throughout the 1920s, Cabell's literary peers, including H.L. Mencken and Sinclair Lewis, praised his works.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCabell was born April 14, 1879, at 101 E. Franklin St., the present site of the Richmond Public Library. His father was Robert Gamble Cabell, II (1847-1922), a physician; his mother Anne Harris (1859-1915), daughter of Col. and Mrs. James R. Branch. Cabell's great grandfather was William H. Cabell, governor of Virginia from 1805-1808. Cabell had two brothers, Robert Gamble Cabell, III (1881-1968) and John Lottier Cabell (1883-1946). His parents divorced in 1907.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter attending the College of William and Mary (1893-1898), where he taught courses in French and Greek while an undergraduate, Cabell worked briefly at the \u003ctitle\u003eRichmond Times\u003c/title\u003e as a copyholder. In 1899 he moved to New York City and worked for the \u003ctitle\u003eNew York Herald\u003c/title\u003e as a social reporter.  He returned to Richmond in 1901 and worked several months on the staff of the \u003ctitle\u003eRichmond News\u003c/title\u003e. During the next ten years, he performed genealogical research and wrote numerous short stories and articles, which he contributed to national magazines such as \u003ctitle\u003eHarper's Monthly Magazine\u003c/title\u003e and the \u003ctitle\u003eSaturday Evening Post\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1911, Cabell worked as a bookkeeper for his uncle James R. Branch's coal mine in West Virginia. Returning to Richmond in 1913, he married Rebecca Priscilla Bradley Shepherd (1874-1949), a widow with five children by her previous marriage. They had one son, Ballard Hartwell Cabell (1915-1980).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough he had written for newspapers, Cabell's first published nonfiction work was \"The Comedies of William Congreve,\" which appeared in the April 1901 edition of \u003ctitle\u003eInternational\u003c/title\u003e. He published his first book, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Eagle's Shadow\u003c/title\u003e, in the autumn of 1904 after it appeared serially in the \u003ctitle\u003eSaturday Evening Post\u003c/title\u003e during that summer. His work was slow to draw critical attention. However, by 1918 he had published ten major works and began attracting critical admirers. In an article for the \u003ctitle\u003eNew York Evening Mail\u003c/title\u003e, H.L. Mencken described Cabell as \"the only first-rate literary craftsman that the whole South can show.\" Cabell's stature and fame as an author increased with the 1919 publication of Jurgen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn January 14, 1920, the New York State Society for the Prevention of Vice charged Cabell's publishing editor, Guy Holt, with violating the anti-obscenity provisions of the New York State Penal Code by publishing \u003ctitle\u003eJurgen\u003c/title\u003e. The controversy over the charges and the attempt at censorship brought Cabell much notoriety. Writers defended the artistry of Jurgen and Cabell's right to publish it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe obscenity trial over Jurgen began October 16, 1922, and ended three days later with an acquittal of all charges. The presiding judge, Charles C. Nott, stated in his decision \"...the most that can be said against the book is that certain passages therein may be considered suggestive in a veiled and subtle way of immorality, but such suggestions are delicately conveyed\" and that because of Cabell's writing style \"...it is doubtful if the book could be read or understood at all by more than a very limited number of readers.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThroughout the 1920s, he continued to publish in the style of \u003ctitle\u003eJurgen\u003c/title\u003e, a combination of satire, symbolism, and fantasy, set in a mythical medieval French province of Poictesme. The name was a compound of two provinces located in the South of France, Poitiers and Angouleme. Cabell blended an assortment of myths and legends laced with puns, anagrams, and allegories in these books. These works eventually became part of an eighteen-volume collection entitled \u003ctitle\u003eThe Biography of the Life of Manuel\u003c/title\u003e; the last volume was published in 1930.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCabell had become well regarded by prominent writers of the period and maintained an extensive correspondence with a wide circle of literary artists and friends, including Mencken, Joseph Hergesheimer, Burton Rascoe, Theodore Dreiser, Sinclair Lewis, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Carl Van Vechten, and fellow Richmonder and close friend Ellen Glasgow (1873-1945). He had known Glasgow since his days at William and Mary. He served as editor of the Virginia War History Commission (1919-1926) and later joined Dreiser, Eugene O'Neil, and others on the editorial board of the \u003ctitle\u003eAmerican Spectator\u003c/title\u003e (1932-1935). In 1937, Cabell was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile the controversy over \u003ctitle\u003eJurgen\u003c/title\u003e ensured Cabell an audience throughout most of the 1920s, interest in his books dropped sharply in the New Deal era of the 1930s and continued to decline. In 1932, in an attempt to break away from his past, he began publishing under the name Branch Cabell. During the next three decades, he wrote and published nearly twenty more books. They were grouped in a series of trilogies. He returned as James Branch Cabell in 1947 with the publication of \u003ctitle\u003eLet Me Lie\u003c/title\u003e. It was the first installment of his fifth and last trilogy, consisting mainly of semi-autobiographical essays filled with remembrances of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCabell continued to live and work in Richmond, residing at 3201 Monument Avenue. By 1935 he and his family began spending most of their winter months in St. Augustine, Florida, due to Cabell's reoccurring bouts of pneumonia. During their stay in Florida in 1949, his wife died of heart failure. In 1950, he married Margaret Waller Freeman (1893-1983), whom he had known for many years. Cabell suffered a cerebral hemorrhage in 1958, and on May 5, he died at his home in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCabell's writings, published in various magazines, newspapers, and anthologies, included numerous short stories, poetry, essays, book reviews, and one play. He authored more than 52 volumes of work, including three devoted to genealogy. Cabell is recognized as one of the first contemporary writers from the South. Like his friend, Ellen Glasgow, Cabell was not afraid to satirize what he saw as the South's contradictions. Others, noting Cabell's unique blending of classic myths and legends with his imagination, consider him a pioneer of fantasy writing. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSoon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richmond author James Branch Cabell (1879-1958) is best known for his controversial book,  Jurgen  (1919), a fantasy set in Cabell's mythical medieval world of Poictesme (pronounced Pwa-tem). The New York Society for the Suppression of Vice contended the book was obscene. A trial over its content brought the reclusive writer national fame. Throughout the 1920s, Cabell's literary peers, including H.L. Mencken and Sinclair Lewis, praised his works.","Cabell was born April 14, 1879, at 101 E. Franklin St., the present site of the Richmond Public Library. His father was Robert Gamble Cabell, II (1847-1922), a physician; his mother Anne Harris (1859-1915), daughter of Col. and Mrs. James R. Branch. Cabell's great grandfather was William H. Cabell, governor of Virginia from 1805-1808. Cabell had two brothers, Robert Gamble Cabell, III (1881-1968) and John Lottier Cabell (1883-1946). His parents divorced in 1907.","After attending the College of William and Mary (1893-1898), where he taught courses in French and Greek while an undergraduate, Cabell worked briefly at the  Richmond Times  as a copyholder. In 1899 he moved to New York City and worked for the  New York Herald  as a social reporter.  He returned to Richmond in 1901 and worked several months on the staff of the  Richmond News . During the next ten years, he performed genealogical research and wrote numerous short stories and articles, which he contributed to national magazines such as  Harper's Monthly Magazine  and the  Saturday Evening Post .","In 1911, Cabell worked as a bookkeeper for his uncle James R. Branch's coal mine in West Virginia. Returning to Richmond in 1913, he married Rebecca Priscilla Bradley Shepherd (1874-1949), a widow with five children by her previous marriage. They had one son, Ballard Hartwell Cabell (1915-1980).","Although he had written for newspapers, Cabell's first published nonfiction work was \"The Comedies of William Congreve,\" which appeared in the April 1901 edition of  International . He published his first book,  The Eagle's Shadow , in the autumn of 1904 after it appeared serially in the  Saturday Evening Post  during that summer. His work was slow to draw critical attention. However, by 1918 he had published ten major works and began attracting critical admirers. In an article for the  New York Evening Mail , H.L. Mencken described Cabell as \"the only first-rate literary craftsman that the whole South can show.\" Cabell's stature and fame as an author increased with the 1919 publication of Jurgen.","On January 14, 1920, the New York State Society for the Prevention of Vice charged Cabell's publishing editor, Guy Holt, with violating the anti-obscenity provisions of the New York State Penal Code by publishing  Jurgen . The controversy over the charges and the attempt at censorship brought Cabell much notoriety. Writers defended the artistry of Jurgen and Cabell's right to publish it.","The obscenity trial over Jurgen began October 16, 1922, and ended three days later with an acquittal of all charges. The presiding judge, Charles C. Nott, stated in his decision \"...the most that can be said against the book is that certain passages therein may be considered suggestive in a veiled and subtle way of immorality, but such suggestions are delicately conveyed\" and that because of Cabell's writing style \"...it is doubtful if the book could be read or understood at all by more than a very limited number of readers.\"","Throughout the 1920s, he continued to publish in the style of  Jurgen , a combination of satire, symbolism, and fantasy, set in a mythical medieval French province of Poictesme. The name was a compound of two provinces located in the South of France, Poitiers and Angouleme. Cabell blended an assortment of myths and legends laced with puns, anagrams, and allegories in these books. These works eventually became part of an eighteen-volume collection entitled  The Biography of the Life of Manuel ; the last volume was published in 1930.","Cabell had become well regarded by prominent writers of the period and maintained an extensive correspondence with a wide circle of literary artists and friends, including Mencken, Joseph Hergesheimer, Burton Rascoe, Theodore Dreiser, Sinclair Lewis, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Carl Van Vechten, and fellow Richmonder and close friend Ellen Glasgow (1873-1945). He had known Glasgow since his days at William and Mary. He served as editor of the Virginia War History Commission (1919-1926) and later joined Dreiser, Eugene O'Neil, and others on the editorial board of the  American Spectator  (1932-1935). In 1937, Cabell was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.","While the controversy over  Jurgen  ensured Cabell an audience throughout most of the 1920s, interest in his books dropped sharply in the New Deal era of the 1930s and continued to decline. In 1932, in an attempt to break away from his past, he began publishing under the name Branch Cabell. During the next three decades, he wrote and published nearly twenty more books. They were grouped in a series of trilogies. He returned as James Branch Cabell in 1947 with the publication of  Let Me Lie . It was the first installment of his fifth and last trilogy, consisting mainly of semi-autobiographical essays filled with remembrances of Virginia.","Cabell continued to live and work in Richmond, residing at 3201 Monument Avenue. By 1935 he and his family began spending most of their winter months in St. Augustine, Florida, due to Cabell's reoccurring bouts of pneumonia. During their stay in Florida in 1949, his wife died of heart failure. In 1950, he married Margaret Waller Freeman (1893-1983), whom he had known for many years. Cabell suffered a cerebral hemorrhage in 1958, and on May 5, he died at his home in Richmond.","\nCabell's writings, published in various magazines, newspapers, and anthologies, included numerous short stories, poetry, essays, book reviews, and one play. He authored more than 52 volumes of work, including three devoted to genealogy. Cabell is recognized as one of the first contemporary writers from the South. Like his friend, Ellen Glasgow, Cabell was not afraid to satirize what he saw as the South's contradictions. Others, noting Cabell's unique blending of classic myths and legends with his imagination, consider him a pioneer of fantasy writing. ","Soon after the establishment of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 1968, created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) and Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), the University began construction for a new library on the Monroe Park Campus. RPI had already planned for a new library and approached Margaret Cabell about naming it for her husband. VCU approved the name, and in 1970, the James Branch Cabell Library opened its doors."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Branch Cabell collection, Collection # M 214, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["James Branch Cabell collection, Collection # M 214, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains James Branch Cabell's personal papers along with materials by other creators related to Cabell. Cabell corresponded with a number of American and British authors such as H.L. Mencken, Ellen Glasgow, Sinclair Lewis, and Theodore Dreiser, as well as with family, friends, editors and publishers. Other materials of note include his manuscripts with Cabells handwritten edits, his notebooks containing information about his published works along with poems and other writings, and the materials found inside the books of his personal library. The materials provide insight into Cabell's writings and personal interests based upon the content he placed within the books of his collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I contains correspondence between Cabell and his contemporaries in the literary world, family and friends. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II includes various Cabell manuscripts as story ideas, notes, early drafts, school work, essays and poems.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III is composed primarily of materials found placed inside Cabell's books and includes ephemera, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV are materials from the Cabell Society and contain correspondence between its founders and correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond and Cabell and Frederick Eddy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V has materials related to the book Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others, edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI consists of various criticisms of Cabell's writings, most of which were collected by Jean Maurice Duke while writing James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII includes works by Cabell printed in various periodicals. He often published essays, short stories, and other fiction in periodicals before later revising them into book form. The majority of this series is made up of bound volumes. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the full periodical where the content originally appeared before he developed it into a book.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII contains plays, poems, and other works inspired by Cabell's work.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX includes scrapbooks and notebooks containing clippings, letters, notes, poems, and other writings by Cabell.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains James Branch Cabell's personal papers along with materials by other creators related to Cabell. Cabell corresponded with a number of American and British authors such as H.L. Mencken, Ellen Glasgow, Sinclair Lewis, and Theodore Dreiser, as well as with family, friends, editors and publishers. Other materials of note include his manuscripts with Cabells handwritten edits, his notebooks containing information about his published works along with poems and other writings, and the materials found inside the books of his personal library. The materials provide insight into Cabell's writings and personal interests based upon the content he placed within the books of his collection.","Series I contains correspondence between Cabell and his contemporaries in the literary world, family and friends. ","Series II includes various Cabell manuscripts as story ideas, notes, early drafts, school work, essays and poems.","Series III is composed primarily of materials found placed inside Cabell's books and includes ephemera, pamphlets, newspaper clippings, etc.","Series IV are materials from the Cabell Society and contain correspondence between its founders and correspondence between Cabell and Nelson Bond and Cabell and Frederick Eddy.","Series V has materials related to the book Between Friends: Letters of James Branch Cabell and Others, edited by Padraic Colum and Margaret Freeman Cabell.","Series VI consists of various criticisms of Cabell's writings, most of which were collected by Jean Maurice Duke while writing James Branch Cabell: A Reference Guide.","Series VII includes works by Cabell printed in various periodicals. He often published essays, short stories, and other fiction in periodicals before later revising them into book form. The majority of this series is made up of bound volumes. Each volume is named for a published Cabell book and contains the full periodical where the content originally appeared before he developed it into a book.","Series VIII contains plays, poems, and other works inspired by Cabell's work.","Series IX includes scrapbooks and notebooks containing clippings, letters, notes, poems, and other writings by Cabell."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"persname_ssim":["Cabell, James Branch, 1879-1958","Flora, Joseph M."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":493,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:59.403Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_96_c01_c64"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_384_c03_c16","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Corn Cob Pipe Club","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_384_c03_c16#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_384_c03_c16","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_384_c03_c16"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_384_c03_c16","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_384","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_384","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_384_c03","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_384_c03","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_384","vircu_repositories_5_resources_384_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_384","vircu_repositories_5_resources_384_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Calvin T. Lucy Papers","WRVA Radio"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Calvin T. Lucy Papers","WRVA Radio"],"text":["Calvin T. Lucy Papers","WRVA Radio","Corn Cob Pipe Club","box 3"],"title_filing_ssi":"Corn Cob Pipe Club","title_ssm":["Corn Cob Pipe Club"],"title_tesim":["Corn Cob Pipe Club"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1926-1936"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1926/1936"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Corn Cob Pipe Club"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Calvin T. Lucy Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":68,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None"],"date_range_isim":[1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936],"containers_ssim":["box 3"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#15","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:28.221Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_384","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_384","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_384","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_384","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_384.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Lucy, Calvin T., papers","title_ssm":["Calvin T. Lucy Papers"],"title_tesim":["Calvin T. Lucy Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1914-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1914-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 172","/repositories/5/resources/384"],"text":["M 172","/repositories/5/resources/384","Calvin T. Lucy Papers","Radio stations -- Virginia.","Radio personalities -- Virginia -- Richmond","Educational television stations -- Virginia.","Collection is open for use without restrictions.","Arrangement  Materials arranged in chronological order.\n\n ","Organization  The collection was received partially jumbled and at some point an arrangement was begun by the department but was never completed. The ordering of the collection was begun again in December 1986 and is comprised of the following Series: I-Personal Information and Correspondence 1914-1975; Series II-Church membership 1954-1969; Series III-Correspondence 1916-1978; Series IV-WRVA Radio (program, broadcast and publicity materials) 1926-1961; Series V-WRVA Radio Managerial materials; Series VI--WRVA TV 1952-1968; Series VII-Central Virginia Educational Television (CVETV) 1961-1963; Series VIII--Historical Publications and Materials; Series IX--Miscellaneous n.d.\n\n Additional ordering, photocopying of news clippings and separation of the photographs from the collection will take place as time and staff permit. Several scrapbooks which were donated at a later date by Mr. Lucy's son are located in the oversize area with other scrapbooks.\n\n ","Born in Baltimore, MD, on 8 October 1891, Calvin T. Lucy was educated at Baltimore City College (a public high school for boys) and graduated in 1909. While taking night school classes at BCC in commercial subjects, Lucy also worked at Crown Cork and Seal (1909-1912) in Baltimore. In 1912 he took a job with Reed Tobacco Company (a subsidiary of Laurus and Co.) as office manager and book keeper. Promoted in 1918 to general office manager for Laurus, Lucy left this position to serve in the army during World War I. He resumed his career with Laurus after his discharge and steadily advanced in management."," Given the responsibility of establishing a radio station in Richmond, in 1925, Lucy served as announcer, writer, producer, performer and general manager during the early years of WRVA. Non-commercial until 1928, WRVA then became an affiliate of NBC and C.T. moved into the sales and advertising portion of the operation. He supervised and managed the 5 kw station established in 1929; the 50 kw in 1938, and subsequently rose to Vice President with responsibility for radio and television."," Lucy was active in the broadcasting profession and was an early member of the National Association of Broadcasters. He was the first president of the Virginia Association of Broadcasters and the original chair of the (CBS) Columbia Affiliates Advisory Board. An active citizen in the Richmond community, Lucy was also a member of the Community Fund, the Scottish Rite Masons, the Chamber of Commerce, and of St. Mark's Episcopal Church and its governing body."," Lucy retired from the Laurus Company in 1961 and moved from Richmond to his farm near Ladysmith, VA. During his retirement he played a key role in the establishment of educational television in Richmond by providing technical assistance and served as a general consultant for the project. In 1973 C.T. received an award from the Virginia Association of Broadcasters. Mr. Lucy died on 16 May 1980.","Collection processed in May 1987. Finding revised in May 1989 and April 1994.","The collection consists of Mr. Lucy's personal correspondence, church files and mementos. Mr. Lucy's professional records for the Laurus Company and WRVA Radio-Television in Richmond, Virginia comprised a large portion of the collection. The materials cover the years 1914 to 1978. Also included in the collection are documents concerning the establishment of educational television in Virginia, several phonograph records, news clippings photographs and travel/historical brochures on Virginia."," Additional personal and professional materials can be found at the Virginia Historical Society.","None","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","WRVA (Radio Station : Richmond, Va.) -- Archives","Larus  and Brothers Company, Inc","Lucy, Calvin T. (Calvin Tompkins), 1891-1980","Lucy, Calvin T. (Calvin Tompkins), 1891-1980 -- Archives","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 172","/repositories/5/resources/384"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Calvin T. Lucy Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Calvin T. Lucy Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Calvin T. Lucy Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Lucy, Calvin T. (Calvin Tompkins), 1891-1980","Lucy, Calvin T. (Calvin Tompkins), 1891-1980"],"creator_ssim":["Lucy, Calvin T. (Calvin Tompkins), 1891-1980","Lucy, Calvin T. (Calvin Tompkins), 1891-1980"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lucy, Calvin T. (Calvin Tompkins), 1891-1980","Lucy, Calvin T. (Calvin Tompkins), 1891-1980"],"creators_ssim":["Lucy, Calvin T. (Calvin Tompkins), 1891-1980","Lucy, Calvin T. (Calvin Tompkins), 1891-1980"],"access_terms_ssm":["None"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to the Department by Mr. Lucy's family after his death. An additional .25 feet of material was donated by C.T. Lucy, Jr. in 1993."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Radio stations -- Virginia.","Radio personalities -- Virginia -- Richmond","Educational television stations -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Radio stations -- Virginia.","Radio personalities -- Virginia -- Richmond","Educational television stations -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["18.75 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["18.75 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for use without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003carrangement\u003e \u003chead\u003eArrangement\u003c/head\u003e Materials arranged in chronological order.\n\n \u003c/arrangement\u003e","\u003carrangement\u003e \u003chead\u003eOrganization\u003c/head\u003e The collection was received partially jumbled and at some point an arrangement was begun by the department but was never completed. The ordering of the collection was begun again in December 1986 and is comprised of the following Series: I-Personal Information and Correspondence 1914-1975; Series II-Church membership 1954-1969; Series III-Correspondence 1916-1978; Series IV-WRVA Radio (program, broadcast and publicity materials) 1926-1961; Series V-WRVA Radio Managerial materials; Series VI--WRVA TV 1952-1968; Series VII-Central Virginia Educational Television (CVETV) 1961-1963; Series VIII--Historical Publications and Materials; Series IX--Miscellaneous n.d.\n\n Additional ordering, photocopying of news clippings and separation of the photographs from the collection will take place as time and staff permit. Several scrapbooks which were donated at a later date by Mr. Lucy's son are located in the oversize area with other scrapbooks.\n\n \u003c/arrangement\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arrangement  Materials arranged in chronological order.\n\n ","Organization  The collection was received partially jumbled and at some point an arrangement was begun by the department but was never completed. The ordering of the collection was begun again in December 1986 and is comprised of the following Series: I-Personal Information and Correspondence 1914-1975; Series II-Church membership 1954-1969; Series III-Correspondence 1916-1978; Series IV-WRVA Radio (program, broadcast and publicity materials) 1926-1961; Series V-WRVA Radio Managerial materials; Series VI--WRVA TV 1952-1968; Series VII-Central Virginia Educational Television (CVETV) 1961-1963; Series VIII--Historical Publications and Materials; Series IX--Miscellaneous n.d.\n\n Additional ordering, photocopying of news clippings and separation of the photographs from the collection will take place as time and staff permit. Several scrapbooks which were donated at a later date by Mr. Lucy's son are located in the oversize area with other scrapbooks.\n\n "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in Baltimore, MD, on 8 October 1891, Calvin T. Lucy was educated at Baltimore City College (a public high school for boys) and graduated in 1909. While taking night school classes at BCC in commercial subjects, Lucy also worked at Crown Cork and Seal (1909-1912) in Baltimore. In 1912 he took a job with Reed Tobacco Company (a subsidiary of Laurus and Co.) as office manager and book keeper. Promoted in 1918 to general office manager for Laurus, Lucy left this position to serve in the army during World War I. He resumed his career with Laurus after his discharge and steadily advanced in management.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Given the responsibility of establishing a radio station in Richmond, in 1925, Lucy served as announcer, writer, producer, performer and general manager during the early years of WRVA. Non-commercial until 1928, WRVA then became an affiliate of NBC and C.T. moved into the sales and advertising portion of the operation. He supervised and managed the 5 kw station established in 1929; the 50 kw in 1938, and subsequently rose to Vice President with responsibility for radio and television.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Lucy was active in the broadcasting profession and was an early member of the National Association of Broadcasters. He was the first president of the Virginia Association of Broadcasters and the original chair of the (CBS) Columbia Affiliates Advisory Board. An active citizen in the Richmond community, Lucy was also a member of the Community Fund, the Scottish Rite Masons, the Chamber of Commerce, and of St. Mark's Episcopal Church and its governing body.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Lucy retired from the Laurus Company in 1961 and moved from Richmond to his farm near Ladysmith, VA. During his retirement he played a key role in the establishment of educational television in Richmond by providing technical assistance and served as a general consultant for the project. In 1973 C.T. received an award from the Virginia Association of Broadcasters. Mr. Lucy died on 16 May 1980.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in Baltimore, MD, on 8 October 1891, Calvin T. Lucy was educated at Baltimore City College (a public high school for boys) and graduated in 1909. While taking night school classes at BCC in commercial subjects, Lucy also worked at Crown Cork and Seal (1909-1912) in Baltimore. In 1912 he took a job with Reed Tobacco Company (a subsidiary of Laurus and Co.) as office manager and book keeper. Promoted in 1918 to general office manager for Laurus, Lucy left this position to serve in the army during World War I. He resumed his career with Laurus after his discharge and steadily advanced in management."," Given the responsibility of establishing a radio station in Richmond, in 1925, Lucy served as announcer, writer, producer, performer and general manager during the early years of WRVA. Non-commercial until 1928, WRVA then became an affiliate of NBC and C.T. moved into the sales and advertising portion of the operation. He supervised and managed the 5 kw station established in 1929; the 50 kw in 1938, and subsequently rose to Vice President with responsibility for radio and television."," Lucy was active in the broadcasting profession and was an early member of the National Association of Broadcasters. He was the first president of the Virginia Association of Broadcasters and the original chair of the (CBS) Columbia Affiliates Advisory Board. An active citizen in the Richmond community, Lucy was also a member of the Community Fund, the Scottish Rite Masons, the Chamber of Commerce, and of St. Mark's Episcopal Church and its governing body."," Lucy retired from the Laurus Company in 1961 and moved from Richmond to his farm near Ladysmith, VA. During his retirement he played a key role in the establishment of educational television in Richmond by providing technical assistance and served as a general consultant for the project. In 1973 C.T. received an award from the Virginia Association of Broadcasters. Mr. Lucy died on 16 May 1980."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Calvin T. Lucy Papers, M 172, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Calvin T. Lucy Papers, M 172, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed in May 1987. Finding revised in May 1989 and April 1994.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed in May 1987. Finding revised in May 1989 and April 1994."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of Mr. Lucy's personal correspondence, church files and mementos. Mr. Lucy's professional records for the Laurus Company and WRVA Radio-Television in Richmond, Virginia comprised a large portion of the collection. The materials cover the years 1914 to 1978. Also included in the collection are documents concerning the establishment of educational television in Virginia, several phonograph records, news clippings photographs and travel/historical brochures on Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Additional personal and professional materials can be found at the Virginia Historical Society.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of Mr. Lucy's personal correspondence, church files and mementos. Mr. Lucy's professional records for the Laurus Company and WRVA Radio-Television in Richmond, Virginia comprised a large portion of the collection. The materials cover the years 1914 to 1978. Also included in the collection are documents concerning the establishment of educational television in Virginia, several phonograph records, news clippings photographs and travel/historical brochures on Virginia."," Additional personal and professional materials can be found at the Virginia Historical Society."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["None"],"names_coll_ssim":["WRVA (Radio Station : Richmond, Va.) -- Archives","Larus  and Brothers Company, Inc","Lucy, Calvin T. (Calvin Tompkins), 1891-1980","Lucy, Calvin T. (Calvin Tompkins), 1891-1980 -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","WRVA (Radio Station : Richmond, Va.) -- Archives","Larus  and Brothers Company, Inc","Lucy, Calvin T. (Calvin Tompkins), 1891-1980","Lucy, Calvin T. (Calvin Tompkins), 1891-1980 -- Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","WRVA (Radio Station : Richmond, Va.) -- Archives","Larus  and Brothers Company, Inc"],"persname_ssim":["Lucy, Calvin T. (Calvin Tompkins), 1891-1980","Lucy, Calvin T. (Calvin Tompkins), 1891-1980 -- Archives"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":182,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:28.221Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_384_c03_c16"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c01_c03","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Correspondence","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c01_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c01_c03","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c01_c03"],"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c01_c03","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c01","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James Russell Boldridge papers","Professional papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James Russell Boldridge papers","Professional papers"],"text":["James Russell Boldridge papers","Professional papers","Correspondence","box 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"Correspondence","title_ssm":["Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1908-1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1908/1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["James Russell Boldridge papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":4,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:12:46.741Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_365.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Boldridge, James Russell, papers","title_ssm":["James Russell Boldridge papers"],"title_tesim":["James Russell Boldridge papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1869-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1869-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1985.Apr.7","/repositories/3/resources/365"],"text":["1985.Apr.7","/repositories/3/resources/365","James Russell Boldridge papers","Culpeper County (Va.)","Rappahannock County (Va.)","Medicine, Rural--History--20th century--Virginia.","Collection is open to research.","These papers are divided into 3 series: Series 1: Professional papers, 1908-1978; Series 2: Medical school papers, 1905-1909; and Series 3: Personal papers, 1869-1960. "," Efforts have been made to maintain the origial organization where applicable. The files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.","Dr. James Russell Boldridge (1885-1983) was born at Brown's Store in Culpeper County, Virginia to Dr. James Barbour Boldridge and Laura Henry Boldridge. He graduated from the Medical College of Virginia in 1909 and then served an internship at Retreat for the Sick Hospital. He began a general practice in 1910 covering parts of Culpeper, Rappahannock, and Fauquier Counties. At the time he began his practice there were four doctors in the town of Culpeper and eight more in the county. Though it was a rural area the poor road conditions made it necessary to have a doctor in each community. During World War I he served on the draft board for Culpeper County. Boldridge continued to practice until he was 90 years old. ","Boldridge married Annie Marie Hess, a registered nurse, in 1912. They had four sons James Russell Jr., William Franklin, Edward Barbour, and John Henry. In addition to his medical practice Boldridge owned \"Homeland,\" a 344 acre farm located in Rixeyville, Virginia which he purchased in 1918. Boldridge died in 1983 at the age of 97.","The papers of Dr. James Russell Boldridge pertain mostly to his time in medical school and in medical practice. The collection also includes some personal papers. Types of materials include case notes, certificates and diplomas, clippings, correspondence, day books and diaries, financial records, legal records, letcure notes, photographs, and other related materials. The materials related to his medical practice provide insight into the work of the rural medical practitioner especially during the years just prior to World War I. ","Series 1: Professional papers, 1908-1978. This series is composed of materials related to Boldridge's work as a physician. Items include account books for his practice, certficates and diplomas, correspondence, which includes exchanges with other doctors regarding his patients' cases, case notes, a day book and diaries with brief notes on patient visits, legal records, opium distribution license and order forms, and records of birth. ","Series 2: Medical school papers, 1905-1909. This series includes materials from Boldridge's time as a student at the Medical College of Virginia. These materials include case studies, exams, lectures notes prepared by his instructors on dermatology, surgery, and tumors, his own notes including a notebook with prescription preparations, and copies of the Virginia State Board of Medical Examiners exams.","Series 3: Personal papers, 1869-1872, 1899-1960. This series contains some personal materials which include correspondence, clippings, a ledger, photographs, the records from his administration of the Robert L. 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The files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["These papers are divided into 3 series: Series 1: Professional papers, 1908-1978; Series 2: Medical school papers, 1905-1909; and Series 3: Personal papers, 1869-1960. "," Efforts have been made to maintain the origial organization where applicable. The files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. James Russell Boldridge (1885-1983) was born at Brown's Store in Culpeper County, Virginia to Dr. James Barbour Boldridge and Laura Henry Boldridge. He graduated from the Medical College of Virginia in 1909 and then served an internship at Retreat for the Sick Hospital. He began a general practice in 1910 covering parts of Culpeper, Rappahannock, and Fauquier Counties. At the time he began his practice there were four doctors in the town of Culpeper and eight more in the county. Though it was a rural area the poor road conditions made it necessary to have a doctor in each community. During World War I he served on the draft board for Culpeper County. Boldridge continued to practice until he was 90 years old. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoldridge married Annie Marie Hess, a registered nurse, in 1912. They had four sons James Russell Jr., William Franklin, Edward Barbour, and John Henry. In addition to his medical practice Boldridge owned \"Homeland,\" a 344 acre farm located in Rixeyville, Virginia which he purchased in 1918. Boldridge died in 1983 at the age of 97.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. James Russell Boldridge (1885-1983) was born at Brown's Store in Culpeper County, Virginia to Dr. James Barbour Boldridge and Laura Henry Boldridge. He graduated from the Medical College of Virginia in 1909 and then served an internship at Retreat for the Sick Hospital. He began a general practice in 1910 covering parts of Culpeper, Rappahannock, and Fauquier Counties. At the time he began his practice there were four doctors in the town of Culpeper and eight more in the county. Though it was a rural area the poor road conditions made it necessary to have a doctor in each community. During World War I he served on the draft board for Culpeper County. Boldridge continued to practice until he was 90 years old. ","Boldridge married Annie Marie Hess, a registered nurse, in 1912. They had four sons James Russell Jr., William Franklin, Edward Barbour, and John Henry. In addition to his medical practice Boldridge owned \"Homeland,\" a 344 acre farm located in Rixeyville, Virginia which he purchased in 1918. Boldridge died in 1983 at the age of 97."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/Folder James Russell Boldridge papers, Accession # 1985/Apr/7, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/Folder James Russell Boldridge papers, Accession # 1985/Apr/7, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Dr. James Russell Boldridge pertain mostly to his time in medical school and in medical practice. The collection also includes some personal papers. Types of materials include case notes, certificates and diplomas, clippings, correspondence, day books and diaries, financial records, legal records, letcure notes, photographs, and other related materials. The materials related to his medical practice provide insight into the work of the rural medical practitioner especially during the years just prior to World War I. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Professional papers, 1908-1978. This series is composed of materials related to Boldridge's work as a physician. Items include account books for his practice, certficates and diplomas, correspondence, which includes exchanges with other doctors regarding his patients' cases, case notes, a day book and diaries with brief notes on patient visits, legal records, opium distribution license and order forms, and records of birth. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Medical school papers, 1905-1909. This series includes materials from Boldridge's time as a student at the Medical College of Virginia. These materials include case studies, exams, lectures notes prepared by his instructors on dermatology, surgery, and tumors, his own notes including a notebook with prescription preparations, and copies of the Virginia State Board of Medical Examiners exams.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Personal papers, 1869-1872, 1899-1960. This series contains some personal materials which include correspondence, clippings, a ledger, photographs, the records from his administration of the Robert L. Browning estate of which he was the executor, and other miscellaneous items.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Dr. James Russell Boldridge pertain mostly to his time in medical school and in medical practice. The collection also includes some personal papers. Types of materials include case notes, certificates and diplomas, clippings, correspondence, day books and diaries, financial records, legal records, letcure notes, photographs, and other related materials. The materials related to his medical practice provide insight into the work of the rural medical practitioner especially during the years just prior to World War I. ","Series 1: Professional papers, 1908-1978. This series is composed of materials related to Boldridge's work as a physician. Items include account books for his practice, certficates and diplomas, correspondence, which includes exchanges with other doctors regarding his patients' cases, case notes, a day book and diaries with brief notes on patient visits, legal records, opium distribution license and order forms, and records of birth. ","Series 2: Medical school papers, 1905-1909. This series includes materials from Boldridge's time as a student at the Medical College of Virginia. These materials include case studies, exams, lectures notes prepared by his instructors on dermatology, surgery, and tumors, his own notes including a notebook with prescription preparations, and copies of the Virginia State Board of Medical Examiners exams.","Series 3: Personal papers, 1869-1872, 1899-1960. This series contains some personal materials which include correspondence, clippings, a ledger, photographs, the records from his administration of the Robert L. Browning estate of which he was the executor, and other miscellaneous items."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Medical College of Virginia","Virginia Commonwealth University","Boldridge, James Russell, 1885-1983"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia","Virginia Commonwealth University","Boldridge, James Russell, 1885-1983"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia","Virginia Commonwealth University"],"persname_ssim":["Boldridge, James Russell, 1885-1983"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":28,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:12:46.741Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c01_c03"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c03_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Correspondence","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c03_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes a letter and newspaper clipping from Thomas Summers regarding the death of his son, Dr. Bronson Ewing Summers duing the 1918 influenza epidemic. 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Dr. Summers, a 1912 MCV graduate, was a surgeon in the U.S. Marine Corps and became ill while working at the base hospital in Quantico, Virginia."],"title_filing_ssi":"Correspondence","title_ssm":["Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1899, 1918, 1923, 1938, 1953-1960"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1899/1960"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["James Russell Boldridge papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":23,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"containers_ssim":["box 2"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes a letter and newspaper clipping from Thomas Summers regarding the death of his son, Dr. Bronson Ewing Summers duing the 1918 influenza epidemic. Dr. Summers, a 1912 MCV graduate, was a surgeon in the U.S. Marine Corps and became ill while working at the base hospital in Quantico, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes a letter and newspaper clipping from Thomas Summers regarding the death of his son, Dr. Bronson Ewing Summers duing the 1918 influenza epidemic. Dr. Summers, a 1912 MCV graduate, was a surgeon in the U.S. Marine Corps and became ill while working at the base hospital in Quantico, Virginia."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:12:46.741Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_365.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Boldridge, James Russell, papers","title_ssm":["James Russell Boldridge papers"],"title_tesim":["James Russell Boldridge papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1869-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1869-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1985.Apr.7","/repositories/3/resources/365"],"text":["1985.Apr.7","/repositories/3/resources/365","James Russell Boldridge papers","Culpeper County (Va.)","Rappahannock County (Va.)","Medicine, Rural--History--20th century--Virginia.","Collection is open to research.","These papers are divided into 3 series: Series 1: Professional papers, 1908-1978; Series 2: Medical school papers, 1905-1909; and Series 3: Personal papers, 1869-1960. "," Efforts have been made to maintain the origial organization where applicable. The files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.","Dr. James Russell Boldridge (1885-1983) was born at Brown's Store in Culpeper County, Virginia to Dr. James Barbour Boldridge and Laura Henry Boldridge. He graduated from the Medical College of Virginia in 1909 and then served an internship at Retreat for the Sick Hospital. He began a general practice in 1910 covering parts of Culpeper, Rappahannock, and Fauquier Counties. At the time he began his practice there were four doctors in the town of Culpeper and eight more in the county. Though it was a rural area the poor road conditions made it necessary to have a doctor in each community. During World War I he served on the draft board for Culpeper County. Boldridge continued to practice until he was 90 years old. ","Boldridge married Annie Marie Hess, a registered nurse, in 1912. They had four sons James Russell Jr., William Franklin, Edward Barbour, and John Henry. In addition to his medical practice Boldridge owned \"Homeland,\" a 344 acre farm located in Rixeyville, Virginia which he purchased in 1918. Boldridge died in 1983 at the age of 97.","The papers of Dr. James Russell Boldridge pertain mostly to his time in medical school and in medical practice. The collection also includes some personal papers. Types of materials include case notes, certificates and diplomas, clippings, correspondence, day books and diaries, financial records, legal records, letcure notes, photographs, and other related materials. The materials related to his medical practice provide insight into the work of the rural medical practitioner especially during the years just prior to World War I. ","Series 1: Professional papers, 1908-1978. This series is composed of materials related to Boldridge's work as a physician. Items include account books for his practice, certficates and diplomas, correspondence, which includes exchanges with other doctors regarding his patients' cases, case notes, a day book and diaries with brief notes on patient visits, legal records, opium distribution license and order forms, and records of birth. ","Series 2: Medical school papers, 1905-1909. This series includes materials from Boldridge's time as a student at the Medical College of Virginia. These materials include case studies, exams, lectures notes prepared by his instructors on dermatology, surgery, and tumors, his own notes including a notebook with prescription preparations, and copies of the Virginia State Board of Medical Examiners exams.","Series 3: Personal papers, 1869-1872, 1899-1960. 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The files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["These papers are divided into 3 series: Series 1: Professional papers, 1908-1978; Series 2: Medical school papers, 1905-1909; and Series 3: Personal papers, 1869-1960. "," Efforts have been made to maintain the origial organization where applicable. The files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. James Russell Boldridge (1885-1983) was born at Brown's Store in Culpeper County, Virginia to Dr. James Barbour Boldridge and Laura Henry Boldridge. He graduated from the Medical College of Virginia in 1909 and then served an internship at Retreat for the Sick Hospital. He began a general practice in 1910 covering parts of Culpeper, Rappahannock, and Fauquier Counties. At the time he began his practice there were four doctors in the town of Culpeper and eight more in the county. Though it was a rural area the poor road conditions made it necessary to have a doctor in each community. During World War I he served on the draft board for Culpeper County. Boldridge continued to practice until he was 90 years old. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoldridge married Annie Marie Hess, a registered nurse, in 1912. They had four sons James Russell Jr., William Franklin, Edward Barbour, and John Henry. In addition to his medical practice Boldridge owned \"Homeland,\" a 344 acre farm located in Rixeyville, Virginia which he purchased in 1918. Boldridge died in 1983 at the age of 97.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. James Russell Boldridge (1885-1983) was born at Brown's Store in Culpeper County, Virginia to Dr. James Barbour Boldridge and Laura Henry Boldridge. He graduated from the Medical College of Virginia in 1909 and then served an internship at Retreat for the Sick Hospital. He began a general practice in 1910 covering parts of Culpeper, Rappahannock, and Fauquier Counties. At the time he began his practice there were four doctors in the town of Culpeper and eight more in the county. Though it was a rural area the poor road conditions made it necessary to have a doctor in each community. During World War I he served on the draft board for Culpeper County. Boldridge continued to practice until he was 90 years old. ","Boldridge married Annie Marie Hess, a registered nurse, in 1912. They had four sons James Russell Jr., William Franklin, Edward Barbour, and John Henry. In addition to his medical practice Boldridge owned \"Homeland,\" a 344 acre farm located in Rixeyville, Virginia which he purchased in 1918. Boldridge died in 1983 at the age of 97."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/Folder James Russell Boldridge papers, Accession # 1985/Apr/7, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/Folder James Russell Boldridge papers, Accession # 1985/Apr/7, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Dr. James Russell Boldridge pertain mostly to his time in medical school and in medical practice. The collection also includes some personal papers. Types of materials include case notes, certificates and diplomas, clippings, correspondence, day books and diaries, financial records, legal records, letcure notes, photographs, and other related materials. The materials related to his medical practice provide insight into the work of the rural medical practitioner especially during the years just prior to World War I. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Professional papers, 1908-1978. This series is composed of materials related to Boldridge's work as a physician. Items include account books for his practice, certficates and diplomas, correspondence, which includes exchanges with other doctors regarding his patients' cases, case notes, a day book and diaries with brief notes on patient visits, legal records, opium distribution license and order forms, and records of birth. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Medical school papers, 1905-1909. This series includes materials from Boldridge's time as a student at the Medical College of Virginia. These materials include case studies, exams, lectures notes prepared by his instructors on dermatology, surgery, and tumors, his own notes including a notebook with prescription preparations, and copies of the Virginia State Board of Medical Examiners exams.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Personal papers, 1869-1872, 1899-1960. This series contains some personal materials which include correspondence, clippings, a ledger, photographs, the records from his administration of the Robert L. Browning estate of which he was the executor, and other miscellaneous items.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Dr. James Russell Boldridge pertain mostly to his time in medical school and in medical practice. The collection also includes some personal papers. Types of materials include case notes, certificates and diplomas, clippings, correspondence, day books and diaries, financial records, legal records, letcure notes, photographs, and other related materials. The materials related to his medical practice provide insight into the work of the rural medical practitioner especially during the years just prior to World War I. ","Series 1: Professional papers, 1908-1978. This series is composed of materials related to Boldridge's work as a physician. Items include account books for his practice, certficates and diplomas, correspondence, which includes exchanges with other doctors regarding his patients' cases, case notes, a day book and diaries with brief notes on patient visits, legal records, opium distribution license and order forms, and records of birth. ","Series 2: Medical school papers, 1905-1909. This series includes materials from Boldridge's time as a student at the Medical College of Virginia. These materials include case studies, exams, lectures notes prepared by his instructors on dermatology, surgery, and tumors, his own notes including a notebook with prescription preparations, and copies of the Virginia State Board of Medical Examiners exams.","Series 3: Personal papers, 1869-1872, 1899-1960. This series contains some personal materials which include correspondence, clippings, a ledger, photographs, the records from his administration of the Robert L. Browning estate of which he was the executor, and other miscellaneous items."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Medical College of Virginia","Virginia Commonwealth University","Boldridge, James Russell, 1885-1983"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia","Virginia Commonwealth University","Boldridge, James Russell, 1885-1983"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia","Virginia Commonwealth University"],"persname_ssim":["Boldridge, James Russell, 1885-1983"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":28,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:12:46.741Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c03_c02"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c05_c01_c11","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Correspondence","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c05_c01_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c05_c01_c11","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c05_c01_c11"],"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c05_c01_c11","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c05_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c05_c01","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_6","vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c05","vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c05_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_6","vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c05","vircu_repositories_3_resources_6_c05_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Virginia Dental Association records","Series 5: Correspondence","Subseries 5.1: General VDA Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Virginia Dental Association records","Series 5: Correspondence","Subseries 5.1: General VDA Correspondence"],"text":["Virginia Dental Association records","Series 5: Correspondence","Subseries 5.1: General VDA Correspondence","Correspondence","box 26"],"title_filing_ssi":"Correspondence","title_ssm":["Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1929"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1929"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Dental Association records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":180,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1929],"containers_ssim":["box 26"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#0/components#10","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:12:46.741Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_6","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_6.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-tm/vircuh00044.xml","title_ssm":["Virginia Dental Association records"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Dental Association records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1870-2011","1870-1985"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1870-1985"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1870-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1988.Jul.17","/repositories/3/resources/6"],"text":["1988.Jul.17","/repositories/3/resources/6","Virginia Dental Association records","Dentists -- Virginia","Dental schools -- Virginia","Dentistry -- Societies, etc.","Dentistry -- History -- Virginia","African American dentists -- Virginia.","Societies, Dental.","History of Dentistry.","Dentists -- History","Collection is open for use without restrictions.","VCU Libraries digitized the  Bulletin of the Virginia State Dental Association  and the  Virginia Dental Journal  with the permission and collaboration of the Virginia Dental Association. Visit   VCU Scholars Compass  to view the full run of the journal.","The records of the Virgina Dental Association have been divided into ten series with subseries as needed. Series 1: Annual Compilation of Records, 1870-1972 -- Series 2: Financial Records, 1887-1975 -- Series 3: Committees, 1924-1979 -- Series 4: Annual Meetings, 1929-1980 -- Series 5: Correspondence, 1917-1985 -- Series 6: Component Societies, 1931-1978 -- Series 7: Administrative Files, 1919-1984 -- Series 8: National and State Dental Organizations, 1923-1976 -- Series 9: One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia, 1873-1963 -- Series 10: VDA Journals, 1928-2011. Efforts have been made to preserve the original arrangement of these files where applicable.","On November 3, 1870 nine Virginia dentists met in Richmond to establish an organization to \"cultivate the science and the art of dentistry, and all its collateral branches, to elevate and sustain the professional character of dentists; and to promote amongst them mutual improvement, social intercourse and good will.\" This meeting marked the creation of the Virginia Dental Association (VDA) or the Virginia State Dental Association as it was named when first created. The VDA changed to its current name in 1970. The VDA was the successor to the first professional dental organization, the Virginia Society of Surgeon Dentists which was formed in 1842.","An early goal of the VDA was to create standards and regulations for the profession. When the VDA was formed there were no statutes regulating the practice of dentistry in Virginia. The VDA spent several years drafting a bill to present to the state legislature culminating in the passage of the Dental Act of 1886. This act also established the Virginia Board of Dental Examiners. The VDA also successfully campaigned in 1915 to have a representative on the State Board of Health making Virginia the first state to include a dentist on such a board. In 1936 the VDA helped pass a bill that outlawed advertising dental services and prices as a means of protecting the public from unethical dental practices. This remained in effect until the early 1980s when the Federal Trade Commission ruled that truthful advertising could not be restricted.","Dental education was another subject of much interest and debate for the VDA. They supported the creation of the first dental school in Virginia in 1893 at the University College of Medicine (UCM). In 1913 UCM merged with the Medical College of Virginia (MCV), which had created its own dental school in 1897. For a time some members of the VDA thought that dentist should obtain an M.D. degree to practice medicine. The Dental Act only required a diploma and a certificate from the state board to practice dentistry. A dental degree was not required to sit for the state board exam. A law requiring an M.D. was passed in 1910, but was repealed in 1914 before any provisions were enacted.","The VDA, which is a component of the American Dental Association, created component societies in 1931. This was to better facilitate communication and professional development for member dentists throughout the state. Dentists who joined a component society also became members of the state and national associations through this tripartate structure. Virginia was divided into eight regions. Each region was arranged to have an existing local society within the area to become the component group where applicable. This arrangement is still in place today. The component societies are:","Component 1, Virginia Tidewater Dental Association, founded 1880","Component 2, Peninsula Dental Society, founded 1934","Component 3, Southside Dental Society, founded 1925","Component 4, Richmond Dental Society, founded 1894","Component 5, Piedmont Dental Society, founded 1916","Component 6, Southwest Virginia Dental Society, founded 1917","Component 7, Shenandoah Valley Dental Association, founded 1914","Component 8, Northern Virginia Dental Society, founded 1931","The VDA began publishing its journal the  Bulletin of the Virginia State Dental Association  in 1923. After sporadic publication for the first ten years the VDA began publishing on a regular schedule. The number of issues published has varied from three to six. The journal is currently published quarterly. The title was changed to the  Virginia Dental Journal  in 1964. It is a resource for members to find information about professional and scientific developments, legislative issues, and annual meetings. The journal also includes editorials and news updates from the component societies.","An annual meeting of the VDA was held for members to come together and benefit from the mutual exchange of ideas and practical knowledge. The meetings offered an opportunity to focus on issues such as professional ethics, dental legislation, public health and service, and education. Much of the work of the organization was carried out by committees, all of which were overseen by the governing body the Executive Council. The VDA had three elected officers the president, the preseident-elect, and the secretary-treasurer, as well as several appointed officers including the editor of the journal. The VDA did not have a headquarters until the organization hired its first executive secretary in 1964 and she set up the headquarters in her home. Since that time it has been located in several areas around Richmond. Today the VDA is governed by a board of directors and still holds an annual meeting. The VDA continues to help improve the profession and its members, support dental education, promote public dental health, and provide outreach services to underserved populations.","The records of the Virginia Dental Association (VDA), 1870-2011, include the official minutes and proceedings of the organization as well as committee records, component society materials, correspondence, financial records, annual meeting records and programs, membership records, subject files, materials relating to the American Dental Association and other national, state, and local dental organizations, and research files used to write One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia. These records provide insight into the changes in the dental profession and also the evolution of professional organizations in general.","Series 1: Annual Compilation of Records, 1870-1972. This series, divided into two subseries, consists of the official minutes of the VDA and the records of the Executive Council, the main governing body of the organization.","Subseries 1.1: Minute Books, 1870-1963. The minute books contain annual meeting programs and proceedings, speeches and papers delivered at the meetings, the Bulletin the official publication of the VDA, committee reports, financial statements, newspaper clippings, member lists, and meeting attendee lists including guests and exhibitors. Also included in the minute books are reports from the Bureau of Dental Heath which often contains statistics regarding race and schools where clinics were held and reports of the State Board of Dental Examiners which include statistics regarding applicants for dental licenses.","Subseries 1.2: Executive Council Records, 1931-1972, bulk 1962-1972. These records include meeting minutes and reports along with some correspondence.","Series 2: Financial Records, 1887-1975. These records include bank statements and deposits, invoices, proposed budgets, receipts, and treasurer's books.","Series 3: Committees, 1924-1979. This series contains materials such as correspondence and reports of various standing and special committees.","Series 4: Annual Meetings, 1924-1980. This series includes materials related to the planning and execution of the meetings and is divided into four subseries.","Subseries 4.1: Annual Meeting Records, 1929-1980. This subseries contains general records such as correspondence, financial information, and publicity related to the planning of each annual meeting. Some files also include the proceedings for the meeting as well. The planning for most meetings began one to two years prior to the event, which is indicated by the inclusive date range listed for each folder.","Subseries 4.2: Local Arrangements and Program Committees, 1929-1939, 1954-1956, 1965. Materials in this subseries include correspondence and planning information related to arrangements for clinics, programs, and entertainment at the annual meetings.","Subseries 4.3: Programs, 1924-1970. This subseries contains copies of the official meeting programs.","Subseries 4.4: Meeting Exhibitors, 1927-1980. This subseries includes correspondence with vendors of dental related products and services requesting that the vendors purchase exhibit space or buy advertisements in the meeting program.","Series 5: Correspondence, 1917-1985. This series is divided into two subseries.","Subseries 5.1: General VDA Correspondence, 1917-1975. This subseries consists mostly of correspondence between the membership and the officers of the VDA. There is also some correspondence with the ADA, other state dental societies, the Virginia State Health Department, Virginia Board of Dental Examiners, and other state offices. The subjects most often covered include dues (overdue notices and disputes), issues related to the governance and structure of the VDA, meeting planning (locations, exhibitors, entertainment, and programs), legislative issues related dentistry, and professional ethics issues (advertising, obligations to public health, etc).","Subseries 5.2: Officer's Correspondence and Related Materials, 1927-1985. These files consist primarily of correspondence of specific officers of the VDA. Additionaly, some files also include speeches, photographs, and clippings.","Series 6: Component Societies, 1931-1978. This series contains materials such as correspondence, membership lists, and meeting programs from the eight component societies in Virginia.","Series 7: Administrative Files, 1919-1984. This series consists of subject and court files and is divided into two subseries.","Subseries 7:1: Subject Files, 1919-1984. Contains various subject files relating to legislative and professional issues, membership benefits such as insurance and retirement plans, and other materials such as newspaper clippings and photographs. Also includes membership card files kept by the VDA.","Subseries 7.2: Federal Trade Commission Case, 1960-1978. This subseries pertains to the Federal Trade Commission complaint against the American Dental Association and several of its constituent groups including the Virginia Dental Association and the Northern Virginia Dental Society (American Dental Association, et. al., Docket No. 9093). The FTC complaint stated that the ADA ethical codes violated anittrust laws by barring advertising and preventing price competition. Part of the defense strategy was to prove that the VDA and the NVDS were non-profit groups and as such were outside the FTC's jurisdiction. Documents in this subseries include Children's Dental Health Week materials, public service brochures promoting dental care, newspaper clipping discussing community outreach programs by the VDA, and materials on the governance and benefits of the two groups.","Series 8: National and State Dental Organizations, 1923-1976. This series contains materials such as correspondence, brochures, and newsletters from various other dental organizations includuing the American Dental Association, several local Virginia dental clubs, and some out-of-state dental groups.","Series 9: One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia, 1873-1969. This series contains essays, speeches, research notes, photographs and related materials that were compiled to write this history. Research materials were compiled primarily by Hermie Wait Powell, the author, and Dr. William Newton Hodgkins","Series 10: VDA Journals, 1928-2011. This series contains an incomplete set of the  Bulletin  and the  Virginia Dental Journal . There are eight bound volumes of the Bulletin, loose issues of the Virginia Dental Journal from 1976-1983, 2008-2009, and 2011, and a DVD with the electronic version from 2004-2008. ","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Dental Association","American Dental Association","Virginia. Department of Health","Virginia. Board of Dentistry","Hodgkin, William N., 1890-1961","Powell, Hermie Wait","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1988.Jul.17","/repositories/3/resources/6"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Dental Association records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Dental Association records"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Dental Association records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia Dental Association"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia Dental Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Dental Association"],"creators_ssim":["Virginia Dental Association"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of the Virginia Dental Association."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Dentists -- Virginia","Dental schools -- Virginia","Dentistry -- Societies, etc.","Dentistry -- History -- Virginia","African American dentists -- Virginia.","Societies, Dental.","History of Dentistry.","Dentists -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Dentists -- Virginia","Dental schools -- Virginia","Dentistry -- Societies, etc.","Dentistry -- History -- Virginia","African American dentists -- Virginia.","Societies, Dental.","History of Dentistry.","Dentists -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["27 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["27 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for use without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVCU Libraries digitized the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin of the Virginia State Dental Association\u003c/emph\u003e and the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Dental Journal\u003c/emph\u003e with the permission and collaboration of the Virginia Dental Association. Visit \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/vdj/\"\u003e VCU Scholars Compass\u003c/extref\u003e to view the full run of the journal.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["VCU Libraries digitized the  Bulletin of the Virginia State Dental Association  and the  Virginia Dental Journal  with the permission and collaboration of the Virginia Dental Association. Visit   VCU Scholars Compass  to view the full run of the journal."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records of the Virgina Dental Association have been divided into ten series with subseries as needed. Series 1: Annual Compilation of Records, 1870-1972 -- Series 2: Financial Records, 1887-1975 -- Series 3: Committees, 1924-1979 -- Series 4: Annual Meetings, 1929-1980 -- Series 5: Correspondence, 1917-1985 -- Series 6: Component Societies, 1931-1978 -- Series 7: Administrative Files, 1919-1984 -- Series 8: National and State Dental Organizations, 1923-1976 -- Series 9: One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia, 1873-1963 -- Series 10: VDA Journals, 1928-2011. Efforts have been made to preserve the original arrangement of these files where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The records of the Virgina Dental Association have been divided into ten series with subseries as needed. Series 1: Annual Compilation of Records, 1870-1972 -- Series 2: Financial Records, 1887-1975 -- Series 3: Committees, 1924-1979 -- Series 4: Annual Meetings, 1929-1980 -- Series 5: Correspondence, 1917-1985 -- Series 6: Component Societies, 1931-1978 -- Series 7: Administrative Files, 1919-1984 -- Series 8: National and State Dental Organizations, 1923-1976 -- Series 9: One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia, 1873-1963 -- Series 10: VDA Journals, 1928-2011. Efforts have been made to preserve the original arrangement of these files where applicable."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn November 3, 1870 nine Virginia dentists met in Richmond to establish an organization to \"cultivate the science and the art of dentistry, and all its collateral branches, to elevate and sustain the professional character of dentists; and to promote amongst them mutual improvement, social intercourse and good will.\" This meeting marked the creation of the Virginia Dental Association (VDA) or the Virginia State Dental Association as it was named when first created. The VDA changed to its current name in 1970. The VDA was the successor to the first professional dental organization, the Virginia Society of Surgeon Dentists which was formed in 1842.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn early goal of the VDA was to create standards and regulations for the profession. When the VDA was formed there were no statutes regulating the practice of dentistry in Virginia. The VDA spent several years drafting a bill to present to the state legislature culminating in the passage of the Dental Act of 1886. This act also established the Virginia Board of Dental Examiners. The VDA also successfully campaigned in 1915 to have a representative on the State Board of Health making Virginia the first state to include a dentist on such a board. In 1936 the VDA helped pass a bill that outlawed advertising dental services and prices as a means of protecting the public from unethical dental practices. This remained in effect until the early 1980s when the Federal Trade Commission ruled that truthful advertising could not be restricted.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDental education was another subject of much interest and debate for the VDA. They supported the creation of the first dental school in Virginia in 1893 at the University College of Medicine (UCM). In 1913 UCM merged with the Medical College of Virginia (MCV), which had created its own dental school in 1897. For a time some members of the VDA thought that dentist should obtain an M.D. degree to practice medicine. The Dental Act only required a diploma and a certificate from the state board to practice dentistry. A dental degree was not required to sit for the state board exam. A law requiring an M.D. was passed in 1910, but was repealed in 1914 before any provisions were enacted.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe VDA, which is a component of the American Dental Association, created component societies in 1931. This was to better facilitate communication and professional development for member dentists throughout the state. Dentists who joined a component society also became members of the state and national associations through this tripartate structure. Virginia was divided into eight regions. Each region was arranged to have an existing local society within the area to become the component group where applicable. This arrangement is still in place today. The component societies are:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eComponent 1, Virginia Tidewater Dental Association, founded 1880\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eComponent 2, Peninsula Dental Society, founded 1934\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eComponent 3, Southside Dental Society, founded 1925\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eComponent 4, Richmond Dental Society, founded 1894\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eComponent 5, Piedmont Dental Society, founded 1916\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eComponent 6, Southwest Virginia Dental Society, founded 1917\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eComponent 7, Shenandoah Valley Dental Association, founded 1914\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eComponent 8, Northern Virginia Dental Society, founded 1931\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe VDA began publishing its journal the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin of the Virginia State Dental Association\u003c/emph\u003e in 1923. After sporadic publication for the first ten years the VDA began publishing on a regular schedule. The number of issues published has varied from three to six. The journal is currently published quarterly. The title was changed to the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Dental Journal\u003c/emph\u003e in 1964. It is a resource for members to find information about professional and scientific developments, legislative issues, and annual meetings. The journal also includes editorials and news updates from the component societies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn annual meeting of the VDA was held for members to come together and benefit from the mutual exchange of ideas and practical knowledge. The meetings offered an opportunity to focus on issues such as professional ethics, dental legislation, public health and service, and education. Much of the work of the organization was carried out by committees, all of which were overseen by the governing body the Executive Council. The VDA had three elected officers the president, the preseident-elect, and the secretary-treasurer, as well as several appointed officers including the editor of the journal. The VDA did not have a headquarters until the organization hired its first executive secretary in 1964 and she set up the headquarters in her home. Since that time it has been located in several areas around Richmond. Today the VDA is governed by a board of directors and still holds an annual meeting. The VDA continues to help improve the profession and its members, support dental education, promote public dental health, and provide outreach services to underserved populations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["On November 3, 1870 nine Virginia dentists met in Richmond to establish an organization to \"cultivate the science and the art of dentistry, and all its collateral branches, to elevate and sustain the professional character of dentists; and to promote amongst them mutual improvement, social intercourse and good will.\" This meeting marked the creation of the Virginia Dental Association (VDA) or the Virginia State Dental Association as it was named when first created. The VDA changed to its current name in 1970. The VDA was the successor to the first professional dental organization, the Virginia Society of Surgeon Dentists which was formed in 1842.","An early goal of the VDA was to create standards and regulations for the profession. When the VDA was formed there were no statutes regulating the practice of dentistry in Virginia. The VDA spent several years drafting a bill to present to the state legislature culminating in the passage of the Dental Act of 1886. This act also established the Virginia Board of Dental Examiners. The VDA also successfully campaigned in 1915 to have a representative on the State Board of Health making Virginia the first state to include a dentist on such a board. In 1936 the VDA helped pass a bill that outlawed advertising dental services and prices as a means of protecting the public from unethical dental practices. This remained in effect until the early 1980s when the Federal Trade Commission ruled that truthful advertising could not be restricted.","Dental education was another subject of much interest and debate for the VDA. They supported the creation of the first dental school in Virginia in 1893 at the University College of Medicine (UCM). In 1913 UCM merged with the Medical College of Virginia (MCV), which had created its own dental school in 1897. For a time some members of the VDA thought that dentist should obtain an M.D. degree to practice medicine. The Dental Act only required a diploma and a certificate from the state board to practice dentistry. A dental degree was not required to sit for the state board exam. A law requiring an M.D. was passed in 1910, but was repealed in 1914 before any provisions were enacted.","The VDA, which is a component of the American Dental Association, created component societies in 1931. This was to better facilitate communication and professional development for member dentists throughout the state. Dentists who joined a component society also became members of the state and national associations through this tripartate structure. Virginia was divided into eight regions. Each region was arranged to have an existing local society within the area to become the component group where applicable. This arrangement is still in place today. The component societies are:","Component 1, Virginia Tidewater Dental Association, founded 1880","Component 2, Peninsula Dental Society, founded 1934","Component 3, Southside Dental Society, founded 1925","Component 4, Richmond Dental Society, founded 1894","Component 5, Piedmont Dental Society, founded 1916","Component 6, Southwest Virginia Dental Society, founded 1917","Component 7, Shenandoah Valley Dental Association, founded 1914","Component 8, Northern Virginia Dental Society, founded 1931","The VDA began publishing its journal the  Bulletin of the Virginia State Dental Association  in 1923. After sporadic publication for the first ten years the VDA began publishing on a regular schedule. The number of issues published has varied from three to six. The journal is currently published quarterly. The title was changed to the  Virginia Dental Journal  in 1964. It is a resource for members to find information about professional and scientific developments, legislative issues, and annual meetings. The journal also includes editorials and news updates from the component societies.","An annual meeting of the VDA was held for members to come together and benefit from the mutual exchange of ideas and practical knowledge. The meetings offered an opportunity to focus on issues such as professional ethics, dental legislation, public health and service, and education. Much of the work of the organization was carried out by committees, all of which were overseen by the governing body the Executive Council. The VDA had three elected officers the president, the preseident-elect, and the secretary-treasurer, as well as several appointed officers including the editor of the journal. The VDA did not have a headquarters until the organization hired its first executive secretary in 1964 and she set up the headquarters in her home. Since that time it has been located in several areas around Richmond. Today the VDA is governed by a board of directors and still holds an annual meeting. The VDA continues to help improve the profession and its members, support dental education, promote public dental health, and provide outreach services to underserved populations."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the Virginia Dental Association, Accession # 88/Jul/17, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of the Virginia Dental Association, Accession # 88/Jul/17, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records of the Virginia Dental Association (VDA), 1870-2011, include the official minutes and proceedings of the organization as well as committee records, component society materials, correspondence, financial records, annual meeting records and programs, membership records, subject files, materials relating to the American Dental Association and other national, state, and local dental organizations, and research files used to write One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia. These records provide insight into the changes in the dental profession and also the evolution of professional organizations in general.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Annual Compilation of Records, 1870-1972. This series, divided into two subseries, consists of the official minutes of the VDA and the records of the Executive Council, the main governing body of the organization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 1.1: Minute Books, 1870-1963. The minute books contain annual meeting programs and proceedings, speeches and papers delivered at the meetings, the Bulletin the official publication of the VDA, committee reports, financial statements, newspaper clippings, member lists, and meeting attendee lists including guests and exhibitors. Also included in the minute books are reports from the Bureau of Dental Heath which often contains statistics regarding race and schools where clinics were held and reports of the State Board of Dental Examiners which include statistics regarding applicants for dental licenses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 1.2: Executive Council Records, 1931-1972, bulk 1962-1972. These records include meeting minutes and reports along with some correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Financial Records, 1887-1975. These records include bank statements and deposits, invoices, proposed budgets, receipts, and treasurer's books.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Committees, 1924-1979. This series contains materials such as correspondence and reports of various standing and special committees.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Annual Meetings, 1924-1980. This series includes materials related to the planning and execution of the meetings and is divided into four subseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.1: Annual Meeting Records, 1929-1980. This subseries contains general records such as correspondence, financial information, and publicity related to the planning of each annual meeting. Some files also include the proceedings for the meeting as well. The planning for most meetings began one to two years prior to the event, which is indicated by the inclusive date range listed for each folder.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.2: Local Arrangements and Program Committees, 1929-1939, 1954-1956, 1965. Materials in this subseries include correspondence and planning information related to arrangements for clinics, programs, and entertainment at the annual meetings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.3: Programs, 1924-1970. This subseries contains copies of the official meeting programs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.4: Meeting Exhibitors, 1927-1980. This subseries includes correspondence with vendors of dental related products and services requesting that the vendors purchase exhibit space or buy advertisements in the meeting program.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Correspondence, 1917-1985. This series is divided into two subseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 5.1: General VDA Correspondence, 1917-1975. This subseries consists mostly of correspondence between the membership and the officers of the VDA. There is also some correspondence with the ADA, other state dental societies, the Virginia State Health Department, Virginia Board of Dental Examiners, and other state offices. The subjects most often covered include dues (overdue notices and disputes), issues related to the governance and structure of the VDA, meeting planning (locations, exhibitors, entertainment, and programs), legislative issues related dentistry, and professional ethics issues (advertising, obligations to public health, etc).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 5.2: Officer's Correspondence and Related Materials, 1927-1985. These files consist primarily of correspondence of specific officers of the VDA. Additionaly, some files also include speeches, photographs, and clippings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Component Societies, 1931-1978. This series contains materials such as correspondence, membership lists, and meeting programs from the eight component societies in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Administrative Files, 1919-1984. This series consists of subject and court files and is divided into two subseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 7:1: Subject Files, 1919-1984. Contains various subject files relating to legislative and professional issues, membership benefits such as insurance and retirement plans, and other materials such as newspaper clippings and photographs. Also includes membership card files kept by the VDA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 7.2: Federal Trade Commission Case, 1960-1978. This subseries pertains to the Federal Trade Commission complaint against the American Dental Association and several of its constituent groups including the Virginia Dental Association and the Northern Virginia Dental Society (American Dental Association, et. al., Docket No. 9093). The FTC complaint stated that the ADA ethical codes violated anittrust laws by barring advertising and preventing price competition. Part of the defense strategy was to prove that the VDA and the NVDS were non-profit groups and as such were outside the FTC's jurisdiction. Documents in this subseries include Children's Dental Health Week materials, public service brochures promoting dental care, newspaper clipping discussing community outreach programs by the VDA, and materials on the governance and benefits of the two groups.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8: National and State Dental Organizations, 1923-1976. This series contains materials such as correspondence, brochures, and newsletters from various other dental organizations includuing the American Dental Association, several local Virginia dental clubs, and some out-of-state dental groups.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9: One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia, 1873-1969. This series contains essays, speeches, research notes, photographs and related materials that were compiled to write this history. Research materials were compiled primarily by Hermie Wait Powell, the author, and Dr. William Newton Hodgkins\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10: VDA Journals, 1928-2011. This series contains an incomplete set of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin\u003c/emph\u003e and the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Dental Journal\u003c/emph\u003e. There are eight bound volumes of the Bulletin, loose issues of the Virginia Dental Journal from 1976-1983, 2008-2009, and 2011, and a DVD with the electronic version from 2004-2008. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The records of the Virginia Dental Association (VDA), 1870-2011, include the official minutes and proceedings of the organization as well as committee records, component society materials, correspondence, financial records, annual meeting records and programs, membership records, subject files, materials relating to the American Dental Association and other national, state, and local dental organizations, and research files used to write One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia. These records provide insight into the changes in the dental profession and also the evolution of professional organizations in general.","Series 1: Annual Compilation of Records, 1870-1972. This series, divided into two subseries, consists of the official minutes of the VDA and the records of the Executive Council, the main governing body of the organization.","Subseries 1.1: Minute Books, 1870-1963. The minute books contain annual meeting programs and proceedings, speeches and papers delivered at the meetings, the Bulletin the official publication of the VDA, committee reports, financial statements, newspaper clippings, member lists, and meeting attendee lists including guests and exhibitors. Also included in the minute books are reports from the Bureau of Dental Heath which often contains statistics regarding race and schools where clinics were held and reports of the State Board of Dental Examiners which include statistics regarding applicants for dental licenses.","Subseries 1.2: Executive Council Records, 1931-1972, bulk 1962-1972. These records include meeting minutes and reports along with some correspondence.","Series 2: Financial Records, 1887-1975. These records include bank statements and deposits, invoices, proposed budgets, receipts, and treasurer's books.","Series 3: Committees, 1924-1979. This series contains materials such as correspondence and reports of various standing and special committees.","Series 4: Annual Meetings, 1924-1980. This series includes materials related to the planning and execution of the meetings and is divided into four subseries.","Subseries 4.1: Annual Meeting Records, 1929-1980. This subseries contains general records such as correspondence, financial information, and publicity related to the planning of each annual meeting. Some files also include the proceedings for the meeting as well. The planning for most meetings began one to two years prior to the event, which is indicated by the inclusive date range listed for each folder.","Subseries 4.2: Local Arrangements and Program Committees, 1929-1939, 1954-1956, 1965. Materials in this subseries include correspondence and planning information related to arrangements for clinics, programs, and entertainment at the annual meetings.","Subseries 4.3: Programs, 1924-1970. This subseries contains copies of the official meeting programs.","Subseries 4.4: Meeting Exhibitors, 1927-1980. This subseries includes correspondence with vendors of dental related products and services requesting that the vendors purchase exhibit space or buy advertisements in the meeting program.","Series 5: Correspondence, 1917-1985. This series is divided into two subseries.","Subseries 5.1: General VDA Correspondence, 1917-1975. This subseries consists mostly of correspondence between the membership and the officers of the VDA. There is also some correspondence with the ADA, other state dental societies, the Virginia State Health Department, Virginia Board of Dental Examiners, and other state offices. The subjects most often covered include dues (overdue notices and disputes), issues related to the governance and structure of the VDA, meeting planning (locations, exhibitors, entertainment, and programs), legislative issues related dentistry, and professional ethics issues (advertising, obligations to public health, etc).","Subseries 5.2: Officer's Correspondence and Related Materials, 1927-1985. These files consist primarily of correspondence of specific officers of the VDA. Additionaly, some files also include speeches, photographs, and clippings.","Series 6: Component Societies, 1931-1978. This series contains materials such as correspondence, membership lists, and meeting programs from the eight component societies in Virginia.","Series 7: Administrative Files, 1919-1984. This series consists of subject and court files and is divided into two subseries.","Subseries 7:1: Subject Files, 1919-1984. Contains various subject files relating to legislative and professional issues, membership benefits such as insurance and retirement plans, and other materials such as newspaper clippings and photographs. Also includes membership card files kept by the VDA.","Subseries 7.2: Federal Trade Commission Case, 1960-1978. This subseries pertains to the Federal Trade Commission complaint against the American Dental Association and several of its constituent groups including the Virginia Dental Association and the Northern Virginia Dental Society (American Dental Association, et. al., Docket No. 9093). The FTC complaint stated that the ADA ethical codes violated anittrust laws by barring advertising and preventing price competition. Part of the defense strategy was to prove that the VDA and the NVDS were non-profit groups and as such were outside the FTC's jurisdiction. Documents in this subseries include Children's Dental Health Week materials, public service brochures promoting dental care, newspaper clipping discussing community outreach programs by the VDA, and materials on the governance and benefits of the two groups.","Series 8: National and State Dental Organizations, 1923-1976. This series contains materials such as correspondence, brochures, and newsletters from various other dental organizations includuing the American Dental Association, several local Virginia dental clubs, and some out-of-state dental groups.","Series 9: One Hundred Years of Dentistry in Virginia, 1873-1969. This series contains essays, speeches, research notes, photographs and related materials that were compiled to write this history. Research materials were compiled primarily by Hermie Wait Powell, the author, and Dr. William Newton Hodgkins","Series 10: VDA Journals, 1928-2011. This series contains an incomplete set of the  Bulletin  and the  Virginia Dental Journal . There are eight bound volumes of the Bulletin, loose issues of the Virginia Dental Journal from 1976-1983, 2008-2009, and 2011, and a DVD with the electronic version from 2004-2008. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Dental Association","American Dental Association","Virginia. Department of Health","Virginia. Board of Dentistry","Hodgkin, William N., 1890-1961","Powell, Hermie Wait"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Dental Association","American Dental Association","Virginia. Department of Health","Virginia. Board of Dentistry","Hodgkin, William N., 1890-1961","Powell, Hermie Wait"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Dental Association","American Dental Association","Virginia. Department of Health","Virginia. 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His father moved the family to Lexington, Virginia when Lyons was a year old. It was in Lexington that he was raised and went to school. After a year at Washington and Lee University in the Student Army Training Corps, he followed his sister's advice and transferred to the Medical College of Virginia where he graduated with a degree in dentistry in 1923.","Impressed with his strong knowledge, Dr. Cameron Hoogan, Dean of the School of Dentistry, offered Lyons a faculty position right after graduation. Remembering a professor's comparison of the beauty of a bicuspid to a young girl, Lyons decided to make an engagement ring out of a tooth in a black vulcanite setting. Sara Miriam Wice would accept his unusual ring and they were married for 41 years until her death in 1967.","Lyons worked as a full-time faculty member until 1928 when he started his own practice in periodontics. He continued to teach part time until 1950, progressing through the academic ranks to become a professor of periodontia and oral pathology. He would eventually become the periodontal department chair. Then in 1951, he accepted a challenge from MCV President Dr. William Sanger, to create the best dental school in the country, and became Dean of the School of Dentistry.","Lyons was active professionally and served as president of several state and national dental associations including the American Academy of Periodontology, the American Association of Dental Schools, and the American Dental Association. It was during his tenure as President of the ADA that the issue of fluoridation of water became a national debate. Lyons was frequently quoted in the press advocating the benefits of fluoridation. He was called to testify before several state legislatures as well as the United State Congress. In the end, Lyons efforts were successful as many states adopted his recommendations adding this element to their community water supplies.","Lyons was a prolific writer and contributor to dental literature with over thirty articles to his credit. These range from specific clinical dental procedures to advice on professional behavior and grooming. . Lyons continued to teach classes even after he became Dean. Lyons disliked facial hair and forbid MCV students from having moustaches and beards for years during his tenure. While Dean, Lyons wrote about the relationship between research and education, including ways to improve dental instruction. Lyons twice earned the William J. Gies award for the best paper in the Journal of Dental Research.","Throughout his career Lyons was recognized for his hard work and dedication to the dental profession. He received Distinguished Service Awards from four national dental associations. He was named a Laurate of Virginia, and given the Edward Wayne Medal for outstanding service to Virginia Commonwealth University in 1981. After over fifty years of dedication to MCV, Lyons was awarded the Outstanding Alumnus Award in 1985. He also held four honorary doctoral degrees. Lyons married Doris Yingling, Dean of the School of Nursing in 1969.","Lyons retired as Dean in 1970, and was named Dean Emeritus. That same year, the new dental building was named in his honor. In addition VCU has named a scholarship, professorship, and an outstanding dental alumni award in his honor. Lyons established several endowments including a fund to support the School of Dentistry, libraries, and the VCU Center for Judaic Studies.","Lyons died April 15, 1997 and was buried in Hebrew Cemetery in Richmond, VA. At the time of his death, the School of Dentistry was ranked as one of the top ten in the country.","The collection focuses on Lyons' writings, articles, clippings, photographs, and awards covering his professional career and tenure as Dean of the School of Dentistry, Medical College of Virginia, 1948-1979. The body of the collection is his papers and addresses. Lyons professional work was in periodontology, which deals with diseases of the gums These papers focus on problems and solutions related to this specialty, improving dental education, professional ethics. The collection also chronicles his gifts to the University and donations to local organizations. The collection does not include information regarding Lyons private dental practice or the official record of the School of Dentistry.","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Harry Lyons Collection (VCU)","Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Medical College of Virginia. 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It includes accessioning numbers Acc 23, Acc 77, Acc 86, PF-176, PF-181, PF-182, PF-183 and 88/Mar/13."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Periodontists -- Virginia -- Richmond","Philanthropists -- Virginia -- Richmond","Periodontics.","Dentistry -- Study and teaching."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Periodontists -- Virginia -- Richmond","Philanthropists -- Virginia -- Richmond","Periodontics.","Dentistry -- Study and teaching."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.4 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["6.4 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords are arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Records are arranged in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Harry Lyons was born in Washington DC on March 18, 1900. His father moved the family to Lexington, Virginia when Lyons was a year old. It was in Lexington that he was raised and went to school. After a year at Washington and Lee University in the Student Army Training Corps, he followed his sister's advice and transferred to the Medical College of Virginia where he graduated with a degree in dentistry in 1923.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eImpressed with his strong knowledge, Dr. Cameron Hoogan, Dean of the School of Dentistry, offered Lyons a faculty position right after graduation. Remembering a professor's comparison of the beauty of a bicuspid to a young girl, Lyons decided to make an engagement ring out of a tooth in a black vulcanite setting. Sara Miriam Wice would accept his unusual ring and they were married for 41 years until her death in 1967.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLyons worked as a full-time faculty member until 1928 when he started his own practice in periodontics. He continued to teach part time until 1950, progressing through the academic ranks to become a professor of periodontia and oral pathology. He would eventually become the periodontal department chair. Then in 1951, he accepted a challenge from MCV President Dr. William Sanger, to create the best dental school in the country, and became Dean of the School of Dentistry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLyons was active professionally and served as president of several state and national dental associations including the American Academy of Periodontology, the American Association of Dental Schools, and the American Dental Association. It was during his tenure as President of the ADA that the issue of fluoridation of water became a national debate. Lyons was frequently quoted in the press advocating the benefits of fluoridation. He was called to testify before several state legislatures as well as the United State Congress. In the end, Lyons efforts were successful as many states adopted his recommendations adding this element to their community water supplies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLyons was a prolific writer and contributor to dental literature with over thirty articles to his credit. These range from specific clinical dental procedures to advice on professional behavior and grooming. . Lyons continued to teach classes even after he became Dean. Lyons disliked facial hair and forbid MCV students from having moustaches and beards for years during his tenure. While Dean, Lyons wrote about the relationship between research and education, including ways to improve dental instruction. Lyons twice earned the William J. Gies award for the best paper in the Journal of Dental Research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThroughout his career Lyons was recognized for his hard work and dedication to the dental profession. He received Distinguished Service Awards from four national dental associations. He was named a Laurate of Virginia, and given the Edward Wayne Medal for outstanding service to Virginia Commonwealth University in 1981. After over fifty years of dedication to MCV, Lyons was awarded the Outstanding Alumnus Award in 1985. He also held four honorary doctoral degrees. Lyons married Doris Yingling, Dean of the School of Nursing in 1969.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLyons retired as Dean in 1970, and was named Dean Emeritus. That same year, the new dental building was named in his honor. In addition VCU has named a scholarship, professorship, and an outstanding dental alumni award in his honor. Lyons established several endowments including a fund to support the School of Dentistry, libraries, and the VCU Center for Judaic Studies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLyons died April 15, 1997 and was buried in Hebrew Cemetery in Richmond, VA. At the time of his death, the School of Dentistry was ranked as one of the top ten in the country.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Harry Lyons was born in Washington DC on March 18, 1900. His father moved the family to Lexington, Virginia when Lyons was a year old. It was in Lexington that he was raised and went to school. After a year at Washington and Lee University in the Student Army Training Corps, he followed his sister's advice and transferred to the Medical College of Virginia where he graduated with a degree in dentistry in 1923.","Impressed with his strong knowledge, Dr. Cameron Hoogan, Dean of the School of Dentistry, offered Lyons a faculty position right after graduation. Remembering a professor's comparison of the beauty of a bicuspid to a young girl, Lyons decided to make an engagement ring out of a tooth in a black vulcanite setting. Sara Miriam Wice would accept his unusual ring and they were married for 41 years until her death in 1967.","Lyons worked as a full-time faculty member until 1928 when he started his own practice in periodontics. He continued to teach part time until 1950, progressing through the academic ranks to become a professor of periodontia and oral pathology. He would eventually become the periodontal department chair. Then in 1951, he accepted a challenge from MCV President Dr. William Sanger, to create the best dental school in the country, and became Dean of the School of Dentistry.","Lyons was active professionally and served as president of several state and national dental associations including the American Academy of Periodontology, the American Association of Dental Schools, and the American Dental Association. It was during his tenure as President of the ADA that the issue of fluoridation of water became a national debate. Lyons was frequently quoted in the press advocating the benefits of fluoridation. He was called to testify before several state legislatures as well as the United State Congress. In the end, Lyons efforts were successful as many states adopted his recommendations adding this element to their community water supplies.","Lyons was a prolific writer and contributor to dental literature with over thirty articles to his credit. These range from specific clinical dental procedures to advice on professional behavior and grooming. . Lyons continued to teach classes even after he became Dean. Lyons disliked facial hair and forbid MCV students from having moustaches and beards for years during his tenure. While Dean, Lyons wrote about the relationship between research and education, including ways to improve dental instruction. Lyons twice earned the William J. Gies award for the best paper in the Journal of Dental Research.","Throughout his career Lyons was recognized for his hard work and dedication to the dental profession. He received Distinguished Service Awards from four national dental associations. He was named a Laurate of Virginia, and given the Edward Wayne Medal for outstanding service to Virginia Commonwealth University in 1981. After over fifty years of dedication to MCV, Lyons was awarded the Outstanding Alumnus Award in 1985. He also held four honorary doctoral degrees. Lyons married Doris Yingling, Dean of the School of Nursing in 1969.","Lyons retired as Dean in 1970, and was named Dean Emeritus. That same year, the new dental building was named in his honor. In addition VCU has named a scholarship, professorship, and an outstanding dental alumni award in his honor. Lyons established several endowments including a fund to support the School of Dentistry, libraries, and the VCU Center for Judaic Studies.","Lyons died April 15, 1997 and was buried in Hebrew Cemetery in Richmond, VA. At the time of his death, the School of Dentistry was ranked as one of the top ten in the country."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHarry Lyons Collection, Accession #Acc 23, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Harry Lyons Collection, Accession #Acc 23, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection focuses on Lyons' writings, articles, clippings, photographs, and awards covering his professional career and tenure as Dean of the School of Dentistry, Medical College of Virginia, 1948-1979. The body of the collection is his papers and addresses. Lyons professional work was in periodontology, which deals with diseases of the gums These papers focus on problems and solutions related to this specialty, improving dental education, professional ethics. The collection also chronicles his gifts to the University and donations to local organizations. The collection does not include information regarding Lyons private dental practice or the official record of the School of Dentistry.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection focuses on Lyons' writings, articles, clippings, photographs, and awards covering his professional career and tenure as Dean of the School of Dentistry, Medical College of Virginia, 1948-1979. The body of the collection is his papers and addresses. Lyons professional work was in periodontology, which deals with diseases of the gums These papers focus on problems and solutions related to this specialty, improving dental education, professional ethics. The collection also chronicles his gifts to the University and donations to local organizations. The collection does not include information regarding Lyons private dental practice or the official record of the School of Dentistry."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Medical College of Virginia. School of Dentistry","Lyons, Harry, 1900- -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Harry Lyons Collection (VCU)","Medical College of Virginia -- Faculty","Medical College of Virginia. 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