{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1921\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=3","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1921\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=2","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1921\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=4","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1921\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=76"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":3,"next_page":4,"prev_page":2,"total_pages":76,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":20,"total_count":758,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c12_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Alpha Omega Alpha","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c12_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c12_c01","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c12_c01"],"id":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c12_c01","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212","_root_":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c12","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c12","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_7_resources_212","viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c12"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_7_resources_212","viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c12"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records","Student organization records and publications"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records","Student organization records and publications"],"text":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records","Student organization records and publications","Alpha Omega Alpha","\nAlpha Omega Alpha was founded in 1902 and is the national medical honor society. It started at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Chicago when a small number of medical students, led by William Webster Root, wanted to foster professional values and good conduct in fellow medical students and sometimes in their faculty. Modeled after Phi Beta Kappa, they stated that membership in the new society would be based on both academic achievement and professional conduct.\n","\nBy 2012 there were more than 130 chapters in medical schools throughout the United Sates. The AOA mission statement found on their website indicates that it is \"dedicated to the belief that in the profession of medicine we will improve care for all by recognizing high educational achievement, honoring gifted teaching, encouraging the development of leaders in academia and the community, supporting the ideals of humanism, and promoting service to others.\"\n","\nThe University of Virginia chapter started in 1919 and was the 23rd member. The first school in Virginia to join, its chapter is named Alpha Virginia. Each chapter may elect to membership no more than one-sixth of the anticipated number of graduates. Those elected must come from the top quartile of students academically. According to the UVa School of Medicine Student Handbook on the SOM website, those chosen from UVa must not only exhibit the necessary academic attainment, but also leadership, professionalism, a sense of ethics, promise of future success in medicine, and commitment to service. At UVa generally 6-9 students are elected by their peers after their second year, and another 17 or so are elected after their third year.\n","Three volumes from to the Alpha Omega Alpha records were originally processed as a distinct collection, labelled MS-53. These three volumes consisted of a chapter roll and minutes book from 1919 to 1955, a roll and minutes book from 1955 to 1969, and a treasurer's ledger covering 1922 to 1978."],"title_filing_ssi":"Alpha Omega Alpha","title_ssm":["Alpha Omega Alpha"],"title_tesim":["Alpha Omega Alpha"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1919-2017"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1919/2017"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alpha Omega Alpha"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":9,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":563,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions on access to student organization records and student publications."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright restrictions may apply."],"date_range_isim":[1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nAlpha Omega Alpha was founded in 1902 and is the national medical honor society. It started at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Chicago when a small number of medical students, led by William Webster Root, wanted to foster professional values and good conduct in fellow medical students and sometimes in their faculty. Modeled after Phi Beta Kappa, they stated that membership in the new society would be based on both academic achievement and professional conduct.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nBy 2012 there were more than 130 chapters in medical schools throughout the United Sates. The AOA mission statement found on their website indicates that it is \"dedicated to the belief that in the profession of medicine we will improve care for all by recognizing high educational achievement, honoring gifted teaching, encouraging the development of leaders in academia and the community, supporting the ideals of humanism, and promoting service to others.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe University of Virginia chapter started in 1919 and was the 23rd member. The first school in Virginia to join, its chapter is named Alpha Virginia. Each chapter may elect to membership no more than one-sixth of the anticipated number of graduates. Those elected must come from the top quartile of students academically. According to the UVa School of Medicine Student Handbook on the SOM website, those chosen from UVa must not only exhibit the necessary academic attainment, but also leadership, professionalism, a sense of ethics, promise of future success in medicine, and commitment to service. At UVa generally 6-9 students are elected by their peers after their second year, and another 17 or so are elected after their third year.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["\nAlpha Omega Alpha was founded in 1902 and is the national medical honor society. It started at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Chicago when a small number of medical students, led by William Webster Root, wanted to foster professional values and good conduct in fellow medical students and sometimes in their faculty. Modeled after Phi Beta Kappa, they stated that membership in the new society would be based on both academic achievement and professional conduct.\n","\nBy 2012 there were more than 130 chapters in medical schools throughout the United Sates. The AOA mission statement found on their website indicates that it is \"dedicated to the belief that in the profession of medicine we will improve care for all by recognizing high educational achievement, honoring gifted teaching, encouraging the development of leaders in academia and the community, supporting the ideals of humanism, and promoting service to others.\"\n","\nThe University of Virginia chapter started in 1919 and was the 23rd member. The first school in Virginia to join, its chapter is named Alpha Virginia. Each chapter may elect to membership no more than one-sixth of the anticipated number of graduates. Those elected must come from the top quartile of students academically. According to the UVa School of Medicine Student Handbook on the SOM website, those chosen from UVa must not only exhibit the necessary academic attainment, but also leadership, professionalism, a sense of ethics, promise of future success in medicine, and commitment to service. At UVa generally 6-9 students are elected by their peers after their second year, and another 17 or so are elected after their third year.\n"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThree volumes from to the Alpha Omega Alpha records were originally processed as a distinct collection, labelled MS-53. These three volumes consisted of a chapter roll and minutes book from 1919 to 1955, a roll and minutes book from 1955 to 1969, and a treasurer's ledger covering 1922 to 1978.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Three volumes from to the Alpha Omega Alpha records were originally processed as a distinct collection, labelled MS-53. These three volumes consisted of a chapter roll and minutes book from 1919 to 1955, a roll and minutes book from 1955 to 1969, and a treasurer's ledger covering 1922 to 1978."],"_nest_path_":"/components#11/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:52:19.998Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212","_root_":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_7_resources_212.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/142986","title_ssm":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records"],"title_tesim":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-present"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-present"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG.17.1","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/7/resources/212"],"text":["RG.17.1","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/7/resources/212","University of Virginia School of Medicine records","University of Virginia","All materials in this collection are available for public access unless otherwise noted. Restrictions on access are made in accordance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA), the Virginia Freedom of Information Act, and any related policies or regulations.","\nThe UVA School of Medicine records (RG-17-1) is part of a larger records group for the UVA Health System (RG-17). The School of Medicine records are further arranged into subdivisions, generally based on format. These subdivisions in many cases were chosen to reflect the Records Retention and Disposition Schedules Record Series maintained by the Library of Virginia (LVA); however, in some cases subdivisions do no have clear equivalents in the LVA schema. Some subdivisions (noted as \"Series\" in ArchivesSpace) are further divided into Sub-Series). Files are arranged alphabetically, by date, or by some other system best-suited to the contents.\n","\nSubdivisions in use for the UVA Health System records (RG-17) are listed below:\n","Department and Legacy Collections Annual Reports Correspondence and Subject Files of Selected Deans [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Correspondence and Subject Files of Major Department Heads Commencement Records Planning Documents and Reports Motion Pictures [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Final Accreditation Files Photographs, Slides, and Negatives Public Relations Files [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Publications Audiovisual Recordings [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Final Research Reports [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Student Organization Records and Publications Webpages Organizational Charts Policies, Procedures, and Handbooks Syllabi and Other Course Materials Major Donor Records [Not included in RG-17-1] Fundraising Planning and Reporting [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Trust and Endowment Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Course Schedules and Catalogs Library Accession Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Library Deaccessioning Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Admissions Publications Foundation Agreements and Management Reports Final Budget [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Conference Programs and Reports Legacy Patient Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Histories and Biographical Files Management Reports Other Reports (Historically Significant) Medical Student Records Directories Meeting Minutes Awards and Honors Lectures and Presentations Roll Books [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Other Logs and Ledgers [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Exhibit Materials [Not currently included in RG-17-1]","Historical Overview of the School of Medicine\n","","\nThe School of Medicine* at the University of Virginia has been a key part of the University since its establishment in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson. In his early plans, Jefferson recommended the creation of a School of Anatomy and Medicine with a rigorous academic model, where students could attain medical education in nine months, a term that was twice as long as many schools at the time. Students would read, attend lectures, and watch demonstrations, but there would be few opportunities for them to work firsthand with patients, because there was no teaching hospital in Charlottesville. When the University opened its doors to students in 1825, Dr. Robley Dunglison taught all of the classes offered by the School of Anatomy and Medicine. Beginning in 1827, medical classes were held in the Anatomical Theatre, a building designed by Jefferson (though completed after his death) to accomodate a space for anatomical dissections. The study of anatomy was an important piece of early medical education; however, there was no systematic way for medical schools to obtain bodies for dissection prior to the Virginia Anatomical Act of 1884, and so cadavers were frequently procured through illegal and unethical means. Often this involved body snatching from local graves, most commonly those found in cemeteries of Virginia's slave, free black, and poor white populations. \n","","\nDunglison remained at UVA until 1833, and during that time he persuaded the UVA Board of Visitors to hire additional faculty for his medical department. In the mid-19th century, the UVA medical school was known for providing a good theoretical education. Academic activities were largely stagnant during the years of the Civil War, when Professor of Anatomy and Surgery James L. Cabell oversaw a Confederate military hospital erected in part on the Grounds of UVA, and later when Charlottesville was occupied by Union troops at the end of the war. In the decades after the Civil War, a period of biomedical revolution began to redefine the practice of medicine. In response, UVA initiated educational reforms to its medical curriculum, gradually lengthening the degree program to four years by the end of the 19th century, and introducing coursework in new fields like bacteriology and histology. In order to create increasingly important clinical opportunities for students, UVA committed to building its own facilities, including a dispensary for out-patient care in 1892 and finally a hospital, which opened in 1901. While science and medicine had entered a period of dramatic revolution, social systems were less inclined to evolve, and access to medical education at UVA remained restricted for many members of the population.\n","","\nIn the early 20th century, the University of Virginia was transforming into a modern university, dedicated to both education and research. At the center of this change were UVA's health sciences programs. The University invested heavily in the School of Medicine, increasing the number of faculty in order to support emerging medical specialties and a new research mission. This period was also marked by the culmination of a fierce debate over the dual existence of state-supported medical programs in both Charlottesville and Richmond, VA. In 1921, a state-appointed commission recommended the relocation of the UVA School of Medicine to Richmond. UVA mobilized alumni and recruited political allies in order to wage a fierce campaign for the preservation of its medical program. They were ultimately successful, with the General Assembly deciding in favor of UVA. The period that followed was marked by continued expansion to the University's academic medical center, including greater specialization across the field of medicine and an increase of students, faculty, and associated personnel throughout the health sciences programs.\n","","\nAlso of note during this time, in 1920 a resolution of the UVA Board of Visitors agreed to admit women into graduate and professional degree programs at UVA. The first woman to graduate from the School of Medicine, Sarah Ruth Dean, a transfer student, did so in 1922. In 1924, Lila Morse Bonner became the second woman to graduate from the School of Medicine and the first to attend all four years of medical school at UVA.\n","","\nBy the 1940s, public confidence in the health professions was strong among much of the U.S. public. After World War II, there was broad support for wider investment in academic medical centers. At UVA, federal grants were used to build new facilities, including the construction of a multi-story hospital tower. However, also at this time, access to education, employment opportunities, and health care at UVA continued to be unequal. With the rise of the Civil Rights movement, a combination of factors including, community activism, federal legislation, and court rulings compelled the University to start removing barriers to access. In 1953, Edward Bertram Nash and Edward Thomas Wood became the first two African Americans to be admitted to the UVA School of Medicine. Both went on to graduate in 1957.\n","","\nThroughout the second half of the 20th century, the UVA health system continued to expand. A new medical education building was dedicated in 1972. (Originally named for Harvey E. Jordan, a former Dean of the School of Medicine and known proponent of eugenics; the building was renamed in honor of Dr. Vivian W. Pinn in 2016). This era of expansion also saw the opening of a nursing education building, health sciences library, primary care center, and finally, in 1989, a massive new hospital building. The 1980s and 1990s also saw efforts at the School of Medicine to increase access to the health professions among under-represented groups, including women and people of color.\n","","\nRapid developments in the health sciences continued to demand new facilities for research and education. The Claude Moore Medical Education Building opened as the new central location for the School of Medicine in 2010. Also in 2010, the School of Medicine launched a four college system, designed to preserve close student-faculty relationships and maintain a high-quality student experience while accommodating increased medical class size and a revised curriculum. Ten years later, the School of Medicine embraced further expansions with the launch of its Inova Campus in Northern Virginia, which provides clerkship opportunities for some upperclass medical students. The first cohort to spend their third and fourth years of medical school at the Northern Virginia campus arrived there in 2021.\n","","\n*Note about naming conventions: Briefly known as the \"School of Anatomy and Medicine\" (1825-1827), the name \"School of Medicine\" was adopted by the Board of Visitors in July 1827. However, shortly later the name \"Department of Medicine\" came to be used (though some records still refer to the institution as \"School of Medicine\"). By the 1950s, the preferred name was again \"School of Medicine\". \n","\nDeans of the UVA School of Medicine\n","Richard Henry Whitehead, MD, 1905-1916 Theodore Hough, PhD, [Acting Dean: 1916-1917], 1917-1924 James Caroll Flippin, MD, [Acting Dean: 1925-1927] 1927-1939 Harvey Ernest Jordan, PhD, 1939-1949 Vernon W. Lippard, MD, 1949-1953 Thomas Harrison Hunter, MD, 1953-1964 [Leave of Absence: 1962-1964] Kenneth R. Crispell, MD, [Acting Dean: 1962-1964], 1964-1971 James T. Hamlin III, MD, [Acting Dean: 1971-1972] William R. Drucker, MD, 1972-1977 Norman J. Knorr, MD, 1977-1986 Robert M. Carey, MD, 1986-2002 Arthur \"Tim\" Garson Jr., MD, MPH 2002-2007 Sharon L. Hostler, MD, Interim Dean: 2007-2008 Steven T. DeKosky, MD, 2008-2013 Nancy E. Dunlap, MD, PhD, 2013-2014 Randolph J. Canterbury, MD, Interim Dean: 2014-2015 David S. Wilkes, MD, 2015-2021 Melina R. Kibbe, MD, 2021-","\nPrior to Richard Henry Whitehead's appointment by the Board of Visitors to the position of Dean of the Medical Faculty (as found in the UVA Board of Visitors Meeting Minutes, July 20, 1905), the position of Dean at the UVA School of Medicine was not in use. The appointment dates listed above are derived from the Board of Visitors Meeting Minutes.\n","Potentially Harmful Materials Statement:\nMaterials in this collection may contain distressing or disturbing content in a written, visual, or/and audiovisual format. Viewers should proceed with caution.","RG-17-1 includes records from multiple legacy collections held by the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library, including the UVA School of Medicine Reports (MS-66), UVA School of Medicine Biographical Files (MS-36), UVA Hospital Professional Staff Files (MS-25), UVA School of Medicine Chapter of Alpha Omega Alpha records (MS-53), and UVA Department of Medicine Housestaff and Chief Residents Photograph collection (MS-62). RG-17-1 also includes materials previously cataloged as separate items in Virgo (such as journals, newsletters, and reports), and materials from semi-processed legacy accessions, including the UVA School of Medicine Council on Medical Education records (Viuh-2015-26), UVA School of Medicine Faculty Files (Viuh-2015-27), and UVA School of Medicine Faculty Minutes (Viuh-2015-28). Bound materials are housed separately from the rest of the collection, and are generally referenced by individual item records (e.g. \"BIR-100\").","Materials found within the RG-17 classifications are frequently inter-related. Researchers of RG-17-1 UVA School of Medicine records may also want to consult: RG-17-2 UVA Medical Center records, RG-17-3 UVA School of Nursing records, RG-17-4 Claude Moore Health Sciences Library records, RG-17-5 Office of the Vice President for Health Affairs records, and RG-17-6 Department of Student Health records. [Some of these materials may not be currently available. All finding aids are works-in-progress.]","The UVA School of Medicine records primarily document the history of the School at all levels of the organization during the 20th and 21st centuries.","Administrative records, including annual reports, meeting minutes, planning documents policies, and other materials, document operations, strategic initiatives, and decision making.","Communications records, including newsletters, blogs, websites, pamphlets, publications, and recordings, document events and public relations work.","Medical education and research records, including accreditation files, student records, syllabi, course catalogs, student organization records, commencement records, lectures, and conference reports, document the School's primary missions.","\nThe collection includes a number of records previously described elsewhere (e.g. as part of a former archival collection or as an indiviudal item described in the Library catalog). Among these are a large group of bound items. \n","\nThe UVA School of Medicine continues to transfer analog and digital records to the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library for inclusion in this collection.\n","Unless otherwise noted, the University of Virginia owns the copyright to the materials in this collection that have not yet entered the public domain. You are free to use collection materials in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","Note: Oversize materials are located on Row 19, located behind Row 1.","Claude Moore Health Sciences Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["RG.17.1","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/7/resources/212"],"normalized_title_ssm":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records"],"collection_title_tesim":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records"],"collection_ssim":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"access_terms_ssm":["Unless otherwise noted, the University of Virginia owns the copyright to the materials in this collection that have not yet entered the public domain. You are free to use collection materials in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["University of Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["University of Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["71 Linear Feet 11 Records boxes, 76 document boxes, and (approximately) 22 linear feet of bound material."],"extent_tesim":["71 Linear Feet 11 Records boxes, 76 document boxes, and (approximately) 22 linear feet of bound material."],"date_range_isim":[1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll materials in this collection are available for public access unless otherwise noted. Restrictions on access are made in accordance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA), the Virginia Freedom of Information Act, and any related policies or regulations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["All materials in this collection are available for public access unless otherwise noted. Restrictions on access are made in accordance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA), the Virginia Freedom of Information Act, and any related policies or regulations."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nThe UVA School of Medicine records (RG-17-1) is part of a larger records group for the UVA Health System (RG-17). The School of Medicine records are further arranged into subdivisions, generally based on format. These subdivisions in many cases were chosen to reflect the Records Retention and Disposition Schedules Record Series maintained by the Library of Virginia (LVA); however, in some cases subdivisions do no have clear equivalents in the LVA schema. Some subdivisions (noted as \"Series\" in ArchivesSpace) are further divided into Sub-Series). Files are arranged alphabetically, by date, or by some other system best-suited to the contents.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSubdivisions in use for the UVA Health System records (RG-17) are listed below:\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003col\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eDepartment and Legacy Collections\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eAnnual Reports\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eCorrespondence and Subject Files of Selected Deans [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eCorrespondence and Subject Files of Major Department Heads\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eCommencement Records\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003ePlanning Documents and Reports\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eMotion Pictures [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eFinal Accreditation Files\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003ePhotographs, Slides, and Negatives\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003ePublic Relations Files [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003ePublications\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eAudiovisual Recordings [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eFinal Research Reports [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eStudent Organization Records and Publications\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eWebpages\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eOrganizational Charts\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003ePolicies, Procedures, and Handbooks\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eSyllabi and Other Course Materials\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eMajor Donor Records [Not included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eFundraising Planning and Reporting [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eTrust and Endowment Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eCourse Schedules and Catalogs\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eLibrary Accession Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eLibrary Deaccessioning Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eAdmissions Publications\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eFoundation Agreements and Management Reports\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eFinal Budget [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eConference Programs and Reports\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eLegacy Patient Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eHistories and Biographical Files\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eManagement Reports\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eOther Reports (Historically Significant)\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eMedical Student Records\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eDirectories\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eMeeting Minutes\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eAwards and Honors\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eLectures and Presentations\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eRoll Books [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eOther Logs and Ledgers [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eExhibit Materials [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["\nThe UVA School of Medicine records (RG-17-1) is part of a larger records group for the UVA Health System (RG-17). The School of Medicine records are further arranged into subdivisions, generally based on format. These subdivisions in many cases were chosen to reflect the Records Retention and Disposition Schedules Record Series maintained by the Library of Virginia (LVA); however, in some cases subdivisions do no have clear equivalents in the LVA schema. Some subdivisions (noted as \"Series\" in ArchivesSpace) are further divided into Sub-Series). Files are arranged alphabetically, by date, or by some other system best-suited to the contents.\n","\nSubdivisions in use for the UVA Health System records (RG-17) are listed below:\n","Department and Legacy Collections Annual Reports Correspondence and Subject Files of Selected Deans [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Correspondence and Subject Files of Major Department Heads Commencement Records Planning Documents and Reports Motion Pictures [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Final Accreditation Files Photographs, Slides, and Negatives Public Relations Files [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Publications Audiovisual Recordings [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Final Research Reports [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Student Organization Records and Publications Webpages Organizational Charts Policies, Procedures, and Handbooks Syllabi and Other Course Materials Major Donor Records [Not included in RG-17-1] Fundraising Planning and Reporting [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Trust and Endowment Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Course Schedules and Catalogs Library Accession Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Library Deaccessioning Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Admissions Publications Foundation Agreements and Management Reports Final Budget [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Conference Programs and Reports Legacy Patient Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Histories and Biographical Files Management Reports Other Reports (Historically Significant) Medical Student Records Directories Meeting Minutes Awards and Honors Lectures and Presentations Roll Books [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Other Logs and Ledgers [Not currently included in RG-17-1] Exhibit Materials [Not currently included in RG-17-1]"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHistorical Overview of the School of Medicine\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe School of Medicine* at the University of Virginia has been a key part of the University since its establishment in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson. In his early plans, Jefferson recommended the creation of a School of Anatomy and Medicine with a rigorous academic model, where students could attain medical education in nine months, a term that was twice as long as many schools at the time. Students would read, attend lectures, and watch demonstrations, but there would be few opportunities for them to work firsthand with patients, because there was no teaching hospital in Charlottesville. When the University opened its doors to students in 1825, Dr. Robley Dunglison taught all of the classes offered by the School of Anatomy and Medicine. Beginning in 1827, medical classes were held in the Anatomical Theatre, a building designed by Jefferson (though completed after his death) to accomodate a space for anatomical dissections. The study of anatomy was an important piece of early medical education; however, there was no systematic way for medical schools to obtain bodies for dissection prior to the Virginia Anatomical Act of 1884, and so cadavers were frequently procured through illegal and unethical means. Often this involved body snatching from local graves, most commonly those found in cemeteries of Virginia's slave, free black, and poor white populations. \n\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nDunglison remained at UVA until 1833, and during that time he persuaded the UVA Board of Visitors to hire additional faculty for his medical department. In the mid-19th century, the UVA medical school was known for providing a good theoretical education. Academic activities were largely stagnant during the years of the Civil War, when Professor of Anatomy and Surgery James L. Cabell oversaw a Confederate military hospital erected in part on the Grounds of UVA, and later when Charlottesville was occupied by Union troops at the end of the war. In the decades after the Civil War, a period of biomedical revolution began to redefine the practice of medicine. In response, UVA initiated educational reforms to its medical curriculum, gradually lengthening the degree program to four years by the end of the 19th century, and introducing coursework in new fields like bacteriology and histology. In order to create increasingly important clinical opportunities for students, UVA committed to building its own facilities, including a dispensary for out-patient care in 1892 and finally a hospital, which opened in 1901. While science and medicine had entered a period of dramatic revolution, social systems were less inclined to evolve, and access to medical education at UVA remained restricted for many members of the population.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nIn the early 20th century, the University of Virginia was transforming into a modern university, dedicated to both education and research. At the center of this change were UVA's health sciences programs. The University invested heavily in the School of Medicine, increasing the number of faculty in order to support emerging medical specialties and a new research mission. This period was also marked by the culmination of a fierce debate over the dual existence of state-supported medical programs in both Charlottesville and Richmond, VA. In 1921, a state-appointed commission recommended the relocation of the UVA School of Medicine to Richmond. UVA mobilized alumni and recruited political allies in order to wage a fierce campaign for the preservation of its medical program. They were ultimately successful, with the General Assembly deciding in favor of UVA. The period that followed was marked by continued expansion to the University's academic medical center, including greater specialization across the field of medicine and an increase of students, faculty, and associated personnel throughout the health sciences programs.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nAlso of note during this time, in 1920 a resolution of the UVA Board of Visitors agreed to admit women into graduate and professional degree programs at UVA. The first woman to graduate from the School of Medicine, Sarah Ruth Dean, a transfer student, did so in 1922. In 1924, Lila Morse Bonner became the second woman to graduate from the School of Medicine and the first to attend all four years of medical school at UVA.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nBy the 1940s, public confidence in the health professions was strong among much of the U.S. public. After World War II, there was broad support for wider investment in academic medical centers. At UVA, federal grants were used to build new facilities, including the construction of a multi-story hospital tower. However, also at this time, access to education, employment opportunities, and health care at UVA continued to be unequal. With the rise of the Civil Rights movement, a combination of factors including, community activism, federal legislation, and court rulings compelled the University to start removing barriers to access. In 1953, Edward Bertram Nash and Edward Thomas Wood became the first two African Americans to be admitted to the UVA School of Medicine. Both went on to graduate in 1957.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThroughout the second half of the 20th century, the UVA health system continued to expand. A new medical education building was dedicated in 1972. (Originally named for Harvey E. Jordan, a former Dean of the School of Medicine and known proponent of eugenics; the building was renamed in honor of Dr. Vivian W. Pinn in 2016). This era of expansion also saw the opening of a nursing education building, health sciences library, primary care center, and finally, in 1989, a massive new hospital building. The 1980s and 1990s also saw efforts at the School of Medicine to increase access to the health professions among under-represented groups, including women and people of color.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nRapid developments in the health sciences continued to demand new facilities for research and education. The Claude Moore Medical Education Building opened as the new central location for the School of Medicine in 2010. Also in 2010, the School of Medicine launched a four college system, designed to preserve close student-faculty relationships and maintain a high-quality student experience while accommodating increased medical class size and a revised curriculum. Ten years later, the School of Medicine embraced further expansions with the launch of its Inova Campus in Northern Virginia, which provides clerkship opportunities for some upperclass medical students. The first cohort to spend their third and fourth years of medical school at the Northern Virginia campus arrived there in 2021.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n*Note about naming conventions: Briefly known as the \"School of Anatomy and Medicine\" (1825-1827), the name \"School of Medicine\" was adopted by the Board of Visitors in July 1827. However, shortly later the name \"Department of Medicine\" came to be used (though some records still refer to the institution as \"School of Medicine\"). By the 1950s, the preferred name was again \"School of Medicine\". \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nDeans of the UVA School of Medicine\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eRichard Henry Whitehead, MD, 1905-1916\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eTheodore Hough, PhD, [Acting Dean: 1916-1917], 1917-1924\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eJames Caroll Flippin, MD, [Acting Dean: 1925-1927] 1927-1939\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eHarvey Ernest Jordan, PhD, 1939-1949\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eVernon W. Lippard, MD, 1949-1953\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eThomas Harrison Hunter, MD, 1953-1964 [Leave of Absence: 1962-1964]\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eKenneth R. Crispell, MD, [Acting Dean: 1962-1964], 1964-1971\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eJames T. Hamlin III, MD, [Acting Dean: 1971-1972]\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eWilliam R. Drucker, MD, 1972-1977\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eNorman J. Knorr, MD, 1977-1986\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eRobert M. Carey, MD, 1986-2002\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eArthur \"Tim\" Garson Jr., MD, MPH 2002-2007\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eSharon L. Hostler, MD, Interim Dean: 2007-2008\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eSteven T. DeKosky, MD, 2008-2013\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eNancy E. Dunlap, MD, PhD, 2013-2014\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eRandolph J. Canterbury, MD, Interim Dean: 2014-2015\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eDavid S. Wilkes, MD, 2015-2021\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eMelina R. Kibbe, MD, 2021-\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nPrior to Richard Henry Whitehead's appointment by the Board of Visitors to the position of Dean of the Medical Faculty (as found in the UVA Board of Visitors Meeting Minutes, July 20, 1905), the position of Dean at the UVA School of Medicine was not in use. The appointment dates listed above are derived from the Board of Visitors Meeting Minutes.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Historical Overview of the School of Medicine\n","","\nThe School of Medicine* at the University of Virginia has been a key part of the University since its establishment in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson. In his early plans, Jefferson recommended the creation of a School of Anatomy and Medicine with a rigorous academic model, where students could attain medical education in nine months, a term that was twice as long as many schools at the time. Students would read, attend lectures, and watch demonstrations, but there would be few opportunities for them to work firsthand with patients, because there was no teaching hospital in Charlottesville. When the University opened its doors to students in 1825, Dr. Robley Dunglison taught all of the classes offered by the School of Anatomy and Medicine. Beginning in 1827, medical classes were held in the Anatomical Theatre, a building designed by Jefferson (though completed after his death) to accomodate a space for anatomical dissections. The study of anatomy was an important piece of early medical education; however, there was no systematic way for medical schools to obtain bodies for dissection prior to the Virginia Anatomical Act of 1884, and so cadavers were frequently procured through illegal and unethical means. Often this involved body snatching from local graves, most commonly those found in cemeteries of Virginia's slave, free black, and poor white populations. \n","","\nDunglison remained at UVA until 1833, and during that time he persuaded the UVA Board of Visitors to hire additional faculty for his medical department. In the mid-19th century, the UVA medical school was known for providing a good theoretical education. Academic activities were largely stagnant during the years of the Civil War, when Professor of Anatomy and Surgery James L. Cabell oversaw a Confederate military hospital erected in part on the Grounds of UVA, and later when Charlottesville was occupied by Union troops at the end of the war. In the decades after the Civil War, a period of biomedical revolution began to redefine the practice of medicine. In response, UVA initiated educational reforms to its medical curriculum, gradually lengthening the degree program to four years by the end of the 19th century, and introducing coursework in new fields like bacteriology and histology. In order to create increasingly important clinical opportunities for students, UVA committed to building its own facilities, including a dispensary for out-patient care in 1892 and finally a hospital, which opened in 1901. While science and medicine had entered a period of dramatic revolution, social systems were less inclined to evolve, and access to medical education at UVA remained restricted for many members of the population.\n","","\nIn the early 20th century, the University of Virginia was transforming into a modern university, dedicated to both education and research. At the center of this change were UVA's health sciences programs. The University invested heavily in the School of Medicine, increasing the number of faculty in order to support emerging medical specialties and a new research mission. This period was also marked by the culmination of a fierce debate over the dual existence of state-supported medical programs in both Charlottesville and Richmond, VA. In 1921, a state-appointed commission recommended the relocation of the UVA School of Medicine to Richmond. UVA mobilized alumni and recruited political allies in order to wage a fierce campaign for the preservation of its medical program. They were ultimately successful, with the General Assembly deciding in favor of UVA. The period that followed was marked by continued expansion to the University's academic medical center, including greater specialization across the field of medicine and an increase of students, faculty, and associated personnel throughout the health sciences programs.\n","","\nAlso of note during this time, in 1920 a resolution of the UVA Board of Visitors agreed to admit women into graduate and professional degree programs at UVA. The first woman to graduate from the School of Medicine, Sarah Ruth Dean, a transfer student, did so in 1922. In 1924, Lila Morse Bonner became the second woman to graduate from the School of Medicine and the first to attend all four years of medical school at UVA.\n","","\nBy the 1940s, public confidence in the health professions was strong among much of the U.S. public. After World War II, there was broad support for wider investment in academic medical centers. At UVA, federal grants were used to build new facilities, including the construction of a multi-story hospital tower. However, also at this time, access to education, employment opportunities, and health care at UVA continued to be unequal. With the rise of the Civil Rights movement, a combination of factors including, community activism, federal legislation, and court rulings compelled the University to start removing barriers to access. In 1953, Edward Bertram Nash and Edward Thomas Wood became the first two African Americans to be admitted to the UVA School of Medicine. Both went on to graduate in 1957.\n","","\nThroughout the second half of the 20th century, the UVA health system continued to expand. A new medical education building was dedicated in 1972. (Originally named for Harvey E. Jordan, a former Dean of the School of Medicine and known proponent of eugenics; the building was renamed in honor of Dr. Vivian W. Pinn in 2016). This era of expansion also saw the opening of a nursing education building, health sciences library, primary care center, and finally, in 1989, a massive new hospital building. The 1980s and 1990s also saw efforts at the School of Medicine to increase access to the health professions among under-represented groups, including women and people of color.\n","","\nRapid developments in the health sciences continued to demand new facilities for research and education. The Claude Moore Medical Education Building opened as the new central location for the School of Medicine in 2010. Also in 2010, the School of Medicine launched a four college system, designed to preserve close student-faculty relationships and maintain a high-quality student experience while accommodating increased medical class size and a revised curriculum. Ten years later, the School of Medicine embraced further expansions with the launch of its Inova Campus in Northern Virginia, which provides clerkship opportunities for some upperclass medical students. The first cohort to spend their third and fourth years of medical school at the Northern Virginia campus arrived there in 2021.\n","","\n*Note about naming conventions: Briefly known as the \"School of Anatomy and Medicine\" (1825-1827), the name \"School of Medicine\" was adopted by the Board of Visitors in July 1827. However, shortly later the name \"Department of Medicine\" came to be used (though some records still refer to the institution as \"School of Medicine\"). By the 1950s, the preferred name was again \"School of Medicine\". \n","\nDeans of the UVA School of Medicine\n","Richard Henry Whitehead, MD, 1905-1916 Theodore Hough, PhD, [Acting Dean: 1916-1917], 1917-1924 James Caroll Flippin, MD, [Acting Dean: 1925-1927] 1927-1939 Harvey Ernest Jordan, PhD, 1939-1949 Vernon W. Lippard, MD, 1949-1953 Thomas Harrison Hunter, MD, 1953-1964 [Leave of Absence: 1962-1964] Kenneth R. Crispell, MD, [Acting Dean: 1962-1964], 1964-1971 James T. Hamlin III, MD, [Acting Dean: 1971-1972] William R. Drucker, MD, 1972-1977 Norman J. Knorr, MD, 1977-1986 Robert M. Carey, MD, 1986-2002 Arthur \"Tim\" Garson Jr., MD, MPH 2002-2007 Sharon L. Hostler, MD, Interim Dean: 2007-2008 Steven T. DeKosky, MD, 2008-2013 Nancy E. Dunlap, MD, PhD, 2013-2014 Randolph J. Canterbury, MD, Interim Dean: 2014-2015 David S. Wilkes, MD, 2015-2021 Melina R. Kibbe, MD, 2021-","\nPrior to Richard Henry Whitehead's appointment by the Board of Visitors to the position of Dean of the Medical Faculty (as found in the UVA Board of Visitors Meeting Minutes, July 20, 1905), the position of Dean at the UVA School of Medicine was not in use. The appointment dates listed above are derived from the Board of Visitors Meeting Minutes.\n"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePotentially Harmful Materials Statement:\nMaterials in this collection may contain distressing or disturbing content in a written, visual, or/and audiovisual format. Viewers should proceed with caution.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Potentially Harmful Materials Statement:\nMaterials in this collection may contain distressing or disturbing content in a written, visual, or/and audiovisual format. Viewers should proceed with caution."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRG-17-1 includes records from multiple legacy collections held by the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library, including the UVA School of Medicine Reports (MS-66), UVA School of Medicine Biographical Files (MS-36), UVA Hospital Professional Staff Files (MS-25), UVA School of Medicine Chapter of Alpha Omega Alpha records (MS-53), and UVA Department of Medicine Housestaff and Chief Residents Photograph collection (MS-62). RG-17-1 also includes materials previously cataloged as separate items in Virgo (such as journals, newsletters, and reports), and materials from semi-processed legacy accessions, including the UVA School of Medicine Council on Medical Education records (Viuh-2015-26), UVA School of Medicine Faculty Files (Viuh-2015-27), and UVA School of Medicine Faculty Minutes (Viuh-2015-28). Bound materials are housed separately from the rest of the collection, and are generally referenced by individual item records (e.g. \"BIR-100\").\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["RG-17-1 includes records from multiple legacy collections held by the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library, including the UVA School of Medicine Reports (MS-66), UVA School of Medicine Biographical Files (MS-36), UVA Hospital Professional Staff Files (MS-25), UVA School of Medicine Chapter of Alpha Omega Alpha records (MS-53), and UVA Department of Medicine Housestaff and Chief Residents Photograph collection (MS-62). RG-17-1 also includes materials previously cataloged as separate items in Virgo (such as journals, newsletters, and reports), and materials from semi-processed legacy accessions, including the UVA School of Medicine Council on Medical Education records (Viuh-2015-26), UVA School of Medicine Faculty Files (Viuh-2015-27), and UVA School of Medicine Faculty Minutes (Viuh-2015-28). Bound materials are housed separately from the rest of the collection, and are generally referenced by individual item records (e.g. \"BIR-100\")."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials found within the RG-17 classifications are frequently inter-related. Researchers of RG-17-1 UVA School of Medicine records may also want to consult: RG-17-2 UVA Medical Center records, RG-17-3 UVA School of Nursing records, RG-17-4 Claude Moore Health Sciences Library records, RG-17-5 Office of the Vice President for Health Affairs records, and RG-17-6 Department of Student Health records. [Some of these materials may not be currently available. All finding aids are works-in-progress.]\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Materials found within the RG-17 classifications are frequently inter-related. Researchers of RG-17-1 UVA School of Medicine records may also want to consult: RG-17-2 UVA Medical Center records, RG-17-3 UVA School of Nursing records, RG-17-4 Claude Moore Health Sciences Library records, RG-17-5 Office of the Vice President for Health Affairs records, and RG-17-6 Department of Student Health records. [Some of these materials may not be currently available. All finding aids are works-in-progress.]"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe UVA School of Medicine records primarily document the history of the School at all levels of the organization during the 20th and 21st centuries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdministrative records, including annual reports, meeting minutes, planning documents policies, and other materials, document operations, strategic initiatives, and decision making.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommunications records, including newsletters, blogs, websites, pamphlets, publications, and recordings, document events and public relations work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMedical education and research records, including accreditation files, student records, syllabi, course catalogs, student organization records, commencement records, lectures, and conference reports, document the School's primary missions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe collection includes a number of records previously described elsewhere (e.g. as part of a former archival collection or as an indiviudal item described in the Library catalog). Among these are a large group of bound items. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe UVA School of Medicine continues to transfer analog and digital records to the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library for inclusion in this collection.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The UVA School of Medicine records primarily document the history of the School at all levels of the organization during the 20th and 21st centuries.","Administrative records, including annual reports, meeting minutes, planning documents policies, and other materials, document operations, strategic initiatives, and decision making.","Communications records, including newsletters, blogs, websites, pamphlets, publications, and recordings, document events and public relations work.","Medical education and research records, including accreditation files, student records, syllabi, course catalogs, student organization records, commencement records, lectures, and conference reports, document the School's primary missions.","\nThe collection includes a number of records previously described elsewhere (e.g. as part of a former archival collection or as an indiviudal item described in the Library catalog). Among these are a large group of bound items. \n","\nThe UVA School of Medicine continues to transfer analog and digital records to the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library for inclusion in this collection.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnless otherwise noted, the University of Virginia owns the copyright to the materials in this collection that have not yet entered the public domain. You are free to use collection materials in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unless otherwise noted, the University of Virginia owns the copyright to the materials in this collection that have not yet entered the public domain. You are free to use collection materials in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b76629f2a96d875f29b35869f044ff5b\"\u003eNote: Oversize materials are located on Row 19, located behind Row 1.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Note: Oversize materials are located on Row 19, located behind Row 1."],"names_ssim":["Claude Moore Health Sciences Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Claude Moore Health Sciences Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3407,"online_item_count_is":3,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:52:19.998Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c12_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c27_c17","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Alumni Association","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c27_c17#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eMo 17z, 31-33, 55, 56, 57, 62, 65, 66, 68, 71, 72 may include War Memorial Chapel.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c27_c17#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c27_c17","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c27_c17"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c27_c17","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c27","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c27","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c27"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c27"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","Organizations"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","Organizations"],"text":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","Organizations","Alumni Association","Mo 17z, 31-33, 55, 56, 57, 62, 65, 66, 68, 71, 72 may include War Memorial Chapel."],"title_filing_ssi":"Alumni Association","title_ssm":["Alumni Association"],"title_tesim":["Alumni Association"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1900-1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900/1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alumni Association"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":227,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMo 17z, 31-33, 55, 56, 57, 62, 65, 66, 68, 71, 72 may include War Memorial Chapel.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Mo 17z, 31-33, 55, 56, 57, 62, 65, 66, 68, 71, 72 may include War Memorial Chapel."],"_nest_path_":"/components#26/components#16","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:44:54.922Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3151.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","title_ssm":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1870s-c. 1960s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c. 1870s-c. 1960s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["VerticalFile.006"],"text":["VerticalFile.006","Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","Blacksburg (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History","The collection is open for research.","Mounted Clippings are arranged by subject, primarily alphabetically.","The guide to the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description was completed by Special Collections staff prior to 2015. The finding aid was completed in August 2015. The re-integration of Mo56a-i, Association of Married Students was completed in October 2019.","See also Vertical Files (successors to the mounted clippings): Biographical Vertical Files Blacksburg Vertical Files Montgomery County/Christiansburg Vertical Files Record Group Vertical Files Southwest Virginia Vertical Files","In general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","In general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university. The collection was primarily collected by library staff through the 1960s.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["VerticalFile.006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Newman Library staff collected materials for mounted clippings through the 1960s."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["64 Cubic Feet 147 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["64 Cubic Feet 147 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMounted Clippings are arranged by subject, primarily alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Mounted Clippings are arranged by subject, primarily alphabetically."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [number of card], Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [number of card], Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description was completed by Special Collections staff prior to 2015. The finding aid was completed in August 2015. The re-integration of Mo56a-i, Association of Married Students was completed in October 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description was completed by Special Collections staff prior to 2015. The finding aid was completed in August 2015. The re-integration of Mo56a-i, Association of Married Students was completed in October 2019."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003chead\u003eSee also Vertical Files (successors to the mounted clippings):\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01185.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBiographical Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01042.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBlacksburg Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01043.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMontgomery County/Christiansburg Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01186.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eRecord Group Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01044.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSouthwest Virginia Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also Vertical Files (successors to the mounted clippings): Biographical Vertical Files Blacksburg Vertical Files Montgomery County/Christiansburg Vertical Files Record Group Vertical Files Southwest Virginia Vertical Files"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["In general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2bfd88fb1d82a46fb92b3adac8eb3bf1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eIn general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university. The collection was primarily collected by library staff through the 1960s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["In general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university. The collection was primarily collected by library staff through the 1960s."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":440,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:44:54.922Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c27_c17"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_552_c01_c03","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Arthur B. Dudley Papers","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_552_c01_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_552_c01_c03","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_552_c01_c03"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_552_c01_c03","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_552","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_552","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_552_c01","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_552_c01","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_552","vihart_repositories_4_resources_552_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_552","vihart_repositories_4_resources_552_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dudley and Rexrode Family Papers","Family Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dudley and Rexrode Family Papers","Family Papers"],"text":["Dudley and Rexrode Family Papers","Family Papers","Arthur B. Dudley Papers"],"title_filing_ssi":"Arthur B. Dudley Papers","title_ssm":["Arthur B. Dudley Papers"],"title_tesim":["Arthur B. Dudley Papers"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1914-1961"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1914/1961"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Arthur B. Dudley Papers"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Dudley and Rexrode Family Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":5,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":17,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:00:30.805Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_552","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_552","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_552","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_552","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_552.xml","title_ssm":["Dudley and Rexrode Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Dudley and Rexrode Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1873-2005"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1873-2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0213","/repositories/4/resources/552"],"text":["SC 0213","/repositories/4/resources/552","Dudley and Rexrode Family Papers","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Highland County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","Physicians -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Merchants -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Business records -- Virginia -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Family papers","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged into four series. Series 1: Family Papers is arranged further into subseries.","Family Papers, 1873-1984 Photographs, 1923-1969 Community Organizations and Events, 1939-1998 Ephemera, 1913-2005","\"Attempted Suicide\"  Highland Recorder . 1903 December 18. p.3.","Blair, Charles William.  A History of Mossy Creek Presbyterian Church . Bridgewater Beacon Printing, Inc. Bridgewater, VA. 2000.","\"Edward A. Dudley\"  Staunton News Leader . 1927 May 31. p.4.","\"History\" Kwangju Christian Hospital Website. Accessed 2012 Dec. 5. http://kch.or.kr/eng/history.html.","\"M.Dudley Rexrode\"  Daily News-Record . 2006 January 30. p.10.","\"Nonagenarian Rexrode is Ruritans' Citizen of Year.\"  Daily News-Record . 1995 October 23. p.16","\"Staunton Man Dies in Korea\"  Daily News-Record . 1938 March 2. p.8.","The papers were acquired from the estate of Marshall Dudley Rexrode (1905-2006). Rexrode graduated from Bridgewater College and attended Virginia Tech. He was a prominent farmer and member of the community in Mt. Solon, Virginia. He was a charter member of the North River Ruritan Club and served as their treasurer for 45 years. Rexrode was an elder, deacon, and chairman of the board of trustees for Mossy Creek Presbyterian Church (a historic church established in 1768 in Augusta County). Rexrode was also the secretary-treasurer of the Rockingham County Land Bank Association and assistant secretary-treasurer of Staunton Production Credit Association. He served on the Augusta County Planning Commission three times. Additionally, he was director and president of the Augusta County Farm Bureau Federation, as well as director and president of the Augusta County Petroleum Co-op. His work on various boards, social organizations, and church related activities is evidence of his active community involvement.","Marshall Dudley Rexrode was in possession of his family's papers including those of his father, Dr. Charles Pinkey Rexrode (1871-1929), and his maternal grandfather, Edward Alexander Dudley (1850-1927), and Arthur B. Dudley (1870-1946). Charles P. Rexrode, M.D. was a physician and pharmacist in Crab Bottom, Highland County, Virginia (now Blue Grass, Virginia). The Highland Recorder contains references to Dr. Rexrode treating patients and making house calls during times of emergency.  Edward A. Dudley was a prominent farmer and cattle raiser in Highland County and Augusta County, Virginia. Dudley was living in the Churchville area of Augusta County at the time of his death in May 1927.","Also included in this collection are photographs and correspondence relating to Marshall Dudley Rexrode's aunt, Mary Alberta Dudley Brand (1894-1973). Brand and her husband Dr. Louis Christian Brand were Presbyterian Missionaries in Korea from 1924-1938, during the time that Korea was occupied by Japan. Dr. Brand was a physician and third director of the Ellen-Lavine Graham Hospital (now the Kwangju Christian Hospital) in Kwangju, Korea, where he was devoted to the elimination of tuberculosis. The Brand's daughter, Mary Alice Brand Boyle 1924-2006), and son-in-law, Lewis Venable Boyle (1923-2005), are also documented in this collection.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 5039.  During this time, the collection was minimally reprocessed in order to simplify the arrangement and description, and rehoused to remove unnecessary oversize boxes. The collection was originally processed in 2012 and described in minute detail, often at the item-level (e.g. obituaries). Some of this description was retained. Description that was deemed irrelevant or superfluous was not retained during reprocessing. Photographs were grouped according to identifications made by the original processor and were housed in plastic sleeves. During reprocessing in 2019, the photographs were removed and housed in archival folders.","The Dudley and Rexrode Family Papers contain personal and financial records, photographs, and ephemera related to the Dudely and Rexrode families of Augusta County, Virginia, as well as the related Brand and Boyle families. Tax records, insurance records, and ledgers of family businesses, including C.P. Rexrode's medical practice and A.B and E.A. Dudley's agricultural business, are present. This collection also includes Rexrode, Dudley, and Brand family photographs including photographs of Virginia Tech and the Dudley-Brand family in Korea in the 1930s. Many are unidentified or presumed to be identified. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to community organizations including local ruritan clubs and the Mossy Creek Presbyterian Church in Mt. Solon, Virginia where M. Dudley Rexrode served as a deacon and elder. Printed ephemera in the collection includes a postcard with the label \"The summer resort of foreigner at Katsuma Peninsula (Korea),\" newspaper clippings of local interest articles and obituaries, and ticket stubs for Magic Kingdom and Disney World.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Personal papers and ledgers relating to the Dudley and Rexrode families of Augusta County, Virginia. Included in this collection are the receipts, invoices, and tax documents of Edward Alexander Dudley; ledgers from the practice and pharmacy of Dr. Charles Pinkey Rexrode; ledgers from the agricultural business of Arthur B. Dudley; family photographs; and documents from the Mossy Creek Presbyterian Church in Mt. Solon, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Mossy Creek Presbyterian Church (Mr. Solon, Va.) -- Records and correspondence","Dudley family","Rexrode family","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Rexrode, M. Dudley (Marshall Dudley), 1905-2006","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0213","/repositories/4/resources/552"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dudley and Rexrode Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dudley and Rexrode Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Dudley and Rexrode Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Highland County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"geogname_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Highland County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"creator_ssm":["Dudley family","Rexrode family","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"creator_ssim":["Dudley family","Rexrode family","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Dudley family","Rexrode family"],"creators_ssim":["Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Dudley family","Rexrode family"],"places_ssim":["Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Highland County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The materials in this collection were purchased by Special Collections at the March 24, 2008 estate sale of Marshall Dudley Rexrode. The sale took place in Mt. Solon, Virginia and was auctioneered by Charley Whetzel."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Physicians -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Merchants -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Business records -- Virginia -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Family papers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Physicians -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Merchants -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Business records -- Virginia -- Sources","Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.26 cubic feet 4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.26 cubic feet 4 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)","Letters (correspondence)","Family papers"],"date_range_isim":[1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four series. Series 1: Family Papers is arranged further into subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFamily Papers, 1873-1984\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhotographs, 1923-1969\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCommunity Organizations and Events, 1939-1998\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera, 1913-2005\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four series. Series 1: Family Papers is arranged further into subseries.","Family Papers, 1873-1984 Photographs, 1923-1969 Community Organizations and Events, 1939-1998 Ephemera, 1913-2005"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\"Attempted Suicide\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHighland Recorder\u003c/emph\u003e. 1903 December 18. p.3.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eBlair, Charles William. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA History of Mossy Creek Presbyterian Church\u003c/emph\u003e. Bridgewater Beacon Printing, Inc. Bridgewater, VA. 2000.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Edward A. Dudley\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eStaunton News Leader\u003c/emph\u003e. 1927 May 31. p.4.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"History\" Kwangju Christian Hospital Website. Accessed 2012 Dec. 5. http://kch.or.kr/eng/history.html.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"M.Dudley Rexrode\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e. 2006 January 30. p.10.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Nonagenarian Rexrode is Ruritans' Citizen of Year.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e. 1995 October 23. p.16\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Staunton Man Dies in Korea\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily News-Record\u003c/emph\u003e. 1938 March 2. p.8.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Attempted Suicide\"  Highland Recorder . 1903 December 18. p.3.","Blair, Charles William.  A History of Mossy Creek Presbyterian Church . Bridgewater Beacon Printing, Inc. Bridgewater, VA. 2000.","\"Edward A. Dudley\"  Staunton News Leader . 1927 May 31. p.4.","\"History\" Kwangju Christian Hospital Website. Accessed 2012 Dec. 5. http://kch.or.kr/eng/history.html.","\"M.Dudley Rexrode\"  Daily News-Record . 2006 January 30. p.10.","\"Nonagenarian Rexrode is Ruritans' Citizen of Year.\"  Daily News-Record . 1995 October 23. p.16","\"Staunton Man Dies in Korea\"  Daily News-Record . 1938 March 2. p.8."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers were acquired from the estate of Marshall Dudley Rexrode (1905-2006). Rexrode graduated from Bridgewater College and attended Virginia Tech. He was a prominent farmer and member of the community in Mt. Solon, Virginia. He was a charter member of the North River Ruritan Club and served as their treasurer for 45 years. Rexrode was an elder, deacon, and chairman of the board of trustees for Mossy Creek Presbyterian Church (a historic church established in 1768 in Augusta County). Rexrode was also the secretary-treasurer of the Rockingham County Land Bank Association and assistant secretary-treasurer of Staunton Production Credit Association. He served on the Augusta County Planning Commission three times. Additionally, he was director and president of the Augusta County Farm Bureau Federation, as well as director and president of the Augusta County Petroleum Co-op. His work on various boards, social organizations, and church related activities is evidence of his active community involvement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshall Dudley Rexrode was in possession of his family's papers including those of his father, Dr. Charles Pinkey Rexrode (1871-1929), and his maternal grandfather, Edward Alexander Dudley (1850-1927), and Arthur B. Dudley (1870-1946). Charles P. Rexrode, M.D. was a physician and pharmacist in Crab Bottom, Highland County, Virginia (now Blue Grass, Virginia). The Highland Recorder contains references to Dr. Rexrode treating patients and making house calls during times of emergency.  Edward A. Dudley was a prominent farmer and cattle raiser in Highland County and Augusta County, Virginia. Dudley was living in the Churchville area of Augusta County at the time of his death in May 1927.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso included in this collection are photographs and correspondence relating to Marshall Dudley Rexrode's aunt, Mary Alberta Dudley Brand (1894-1973). Brand and her husband Dr. Louis Christian Brand were Presbyterian Missionaries in Korea from 1924-1938, during the time that Korea was occupied by Japan. Dr. Brand was a physician and third director of the Ellen-Lavine Graham Hospital (now the Kwangju Christian Hospital) in Kwangju, Korea, where he was devoted to the elimination of tuberculosis. The Brand's daughter, Mary Alice Brand Boyle 1924-2006), and son-in-law, Lewis Venable Boyle (1923-2005), are also documented in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The papers were acquired from the estate of Marshall Dudley Rexrode (1905-2006). Rexrode graduated from Bridgewater College and attended Virginia Tech. He was a prominent farmer and member of the community in Mt. Solon, Virginia. He was a charter member of the North River Ruritan Club and served as their treasurer for 45 years. Rexrode was an elder, deacon, and chairman of the board of trustees for Mossy Creek Presbyterian Church (a historic church established in 1768 in Augusta County). Rexrode was also the secretary-treasurer of the Rockingham County Land Bank Association and assistant secretary-treasurer of Staunton Production Credit Association. He served on the Augusta County Planning Commission three times. Additionally, he was director and president of the Augusta County Farm Bureau Federation, as well as director and president of the Augusta County Petroleum Co-op. His work on various boards, social organizations, and church related activities is evidence of his active community involvement.","Marshall Dudley Rexrode was in possession of his family's papers including those of his father, Dr. Charles Pinkey Rexrode (1871-1929), and his maternal grandfather, Edward Alexander Dudley (1850-1927), and Arthur B. Dudley (1870-1946). Charles P. Rexrode, M.D. was a physician and pharmacist in Crab Bottom, Highland County, Virginia (now Blue Grass, Virginia). The Highland Recorder contains references to Dr. Rexrode treating patients and making house calls during times of emergency.  Edward A. Dudley was a prominent farmer and cattle raiser in Highland County and Augusta County, Virginia. Dudley was living in the Churchville area of Augusta County at the time of his death in May 1927.","Also included in this collection are photographs and correspondence relating to Marshall Dudley Rexrode's aunt, Mary Alberta Dudley Brand (1894-1973). Brand and her husband Dr. Louis Christian Brand were Presbyterian Missionaries in Korea from 1924-1938, during the time that Korea was occupied by Japan. Dr. Brand was a physician and third director of the Ellen-Lavine Graham Hospital (now the Kwangju Christian Hospital) in Kwangju, Korea, where he was devoted to the elimination of tuberculosis. The Brand's daughter, Mary Alice Brand Boyle 1924-2006), and son-in-law, Lewis Venable Boyle (1923-2005), are also documented in this collection."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dudley and Rexrode Family Papers, SC 0213, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dudley and Rexrode Family Papers, SC 0213, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 5039.\u003c/emph\u003e During this time, the collection was minimally reprocessed in order to simplify the arrangement and description, and rehoused to remove unnecessary oversize boxes. The collection was originally processed in 2012 and described in minute detail, often at the item-level (e.g. obituaries). Some of this description was retained. Description that was deemed irrelevant or superfluous was not retained during reprocessing. Photographs were grouped according to identifications made by the original processor and were housed in plastic sleeves. During reprocessing in 2019, the photographs were removed and housed in archival folders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 5039.  During this time, the collection was minimally reprocessed in order to simplify the arrangement and description, and rehoused to remove unnecessary oversize boxes. The collection was originally processed in 2012 and described in minute detail, often at the item-level (e.g. obituaries). Some of this description was retained. Description that was deemed irrelevant or superfluous was not retained during reprocessing. Photographs were grouped according to identifications made by the original processor and were housed in plastic sleeves. During reprocessing in 2019, the photographs were removed and housed in archival folders."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Dudley and Rexrode Family Papers contain personal and financial records, photographs, and ephemera related to the Dudely and Rexrode families of Augusta County, Virginia, as well as the related Brand and Boyle families. Tax records, insurance records, and ledgers of family businesses, including C.P. Rexrode's medical practice and A.B and E.A. Dudley's agricultural business, are present. This collection also includes Rexrode, Dudley, and Brand family photographs including photographs of Virginia Tech and the Dudley-Brand family in Korea in the 1930s. Many are unidentified or presumed to be identified. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to community organizations including local ruritan clubs and the Mossy Creek Presbyterian Church in Mt. Solon, Virginia where M. Dudley Rexrode served as a deacon and elder. Printed ephemera in the collection includes a postcard with the label \"The summer resort of foreigner at Katsuma Peninsula (Korea),\" newspaper clippings of local interest articles and obituaries, and ticket stubs for Magic Kingdom and Disney World.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Dudley and Rexrode Family Papers contain personal and financial records, photographs, and ephemera related to the Dudely and Rexrode families of Augusta County, Virginia, as well as the related Brand and Boyle families. Tax records, insurance records, and ledgers of family businesses, including C.P. Rexrode's medical practice and A.B and E.A. Dudley's agricultural business, are present. This collection also includes Rexrode, Dudley, and Brand family photographs including photographs of Virginia Tech and the Dudley-Brand family in Korea in the 1930s. Many are unidentified or presumed to be identified. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to community organizations including local ruritan clubs and the Mossy Creek Presbyterian Church in Mt. Solon, Virginia where M. Dudley Rexrode served as a deacon and elder. Printed ephemera in the collection includes a postcard with the label \"The summer resort of foreigner at Katsuma Peninsula (Korea),\" newspaper clippings of local interest articles and obituaries, and ticket stubs for Magic Kingdom and Disney World."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c13e03ea522acc67ad26287ff1de9f0c\"\u003ePersonal papers and ledgers relating to the Dudley and Rexrode families of Augusta County, Virginia. Included in this collection are the receipts, invoices, and tax documents of Edward Alexander Dudley; ledgers from the practice and pharmacy of Dr. Charles Pinkey Rexrode; ledgers from the agricultural business of Arthur B. Dudley; family photographs; and documents from the Mossy Creek Presbyterian Church in Mt. Solon, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Personal papers and ledgers relating to the Dudley and Rexrode families of Augusta County, Virginia. Included in this collection are the receipts, invoices, and tax documents of Edward Alexander Dudley; ledgers from the practice and pharmacy of Dr. Charles Pinkey Rexrode; ledgers from the agricultural business of Arthur B. Dudley; family photographs; and documents from the Mossy Creek Presbyterian Church in Mt. Solon, Virginia."],"names_coll_ssim":["Mossy Creek Presbyterian Church (Mr. Solon, Va.) -- Records and correspondence","Rexrode, M. Dudley (Marshall Dudley), 1905-2006","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Mossy Creek Presbyterian Church (Mr. Solon, Va.) -- Records and correspondence","Dudley family","Rexrode family","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Rexrode, M. Dudley (Marshall Dudley), 1905-2006"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Mossy Creek Presbyterian Church (Mr. Solon, Va.) -- Records and correspondence"],"famname_ssim":["Dudley family","Rexrode family"],"persname_ssim":["Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Rexrode, M. Dudley (Marshall Dudley), 1905-2006"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":57,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:00:30.805Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_552_c01_c03"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Articles \u0026 Summaries","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02_c02","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02_c02"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02_c02","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","Series 1: Research files","Research notes"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","Series 1: Research files","Research notes"],"text":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","Series 1: Research files","Research notes","Articles \u0026 Summaries"],"title_filing_ssi":"Articles \u0026 Summaries","title_ssm":["Articles \u0026 Summaries"],"title_tesim":["Articles \u0026 Summaries"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1800s-2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1800/2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Articles \u0026 Summaries"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":10,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":127,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:10:15.256Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9853.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","title_ssm":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans"],"title_tesim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans"],"unitdate_ssm":["1806-2017"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1806-2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00317","/repositories/2/resources/9853"],"text":["MS 00317","/repositories/2/resources/9853","Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","Comic books, strips, etc","African Americans--Caricatures and cartoons","Racism in popular culture","Drawings (visual works)","Motion pictures (visual work)","Sheet music","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","This collection is arranged into nine series: Research files, Collecting records, Minstrel shows, Scrapbooks and portfolios, Original artwork, Print and poster reproductions, Newspapers, Printed materials, and Audiovisual materials. ","Published books and comics can be found in our Rare Books collection.","Richard Wright (1946-2019) grew up in New York and attended college at Bradley University in Peoria, IL on an academic scholarship. He originally planned to study chemistry but graduated with a Bachelor of Political Science instead. ","\nWright moved to Stamford, Connecticut, where he met and married Minister Deborah V. P. Wright (1953-2012). They had three children together: Aaron Person, Joslynn S. Hamlet, and Porchia M. W. Smith.","\nWright spent the bulk of his career working as a court officer in the social services Department of Child Support in Connecticut until his retirement in 2013. He then moved to Williamsburg, Virgina, where he lived until his passing in 2019.","\nHe was an active member of Faith Tabernacle Missionary Baptist Church in Stamford, Connecticut. He served as a member of the trustee board, and sang in the Male Chorus and Inspirational Choir. Upon relocating to Williamsburg, VA, he joined Colossian Baptist Church in Newport News, and once again served as a choir member. ","\nOutside of the church, Wright also served as the president of the Stamford Chapter of the NAACP, was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc., and worked as a volunteer and mentor for a substance abuse rehabilitation program called Liberation House.","\nWhile living in Stamford, Wright began collecting Black comic books in 1986 because \"he wanted to have a hobby.\" His collection eventually grew beyond comics to include books, art works, photographs, and audio visual materials on the same topic. He saw the images that he collected over the years as a way to better tell the story of the depiction of Black Americans in visual media. In 2019, Wright donated his collection to William \u0026 Mary so that it might be \"a helpful resource to students\" in the future.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.","Comic book volumes and other published materials included with this collection have been transfered to Rare Books and cataloged individually.","This collection, compiled by Richard Wright, focuses on the evolution of the Black American image in print media, cartoons and comics. Wright organized his own historical timeline titled \"Good Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" also referred to as \"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" in a series of binders with artist biographies and time period summaries. Item titles have been retained from the original labels.","Materials in this collection include: books, comic books, magazines, prints, reference books, slides, photographs, CDs, DVDs, sheet music, newspaper strips, lithographs, and artwork. 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The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into nine series: Research files, Collecting records, Minstrel shows, Scrapbooks and portfolios, Original artwork, Print and poster reproductions, Newspapers, Printed materials, and Audiovisual materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePublished books and comics can be found in our Rare Books collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into nine series: Research files, Collecting records, Minstrel shows, Scrapbooks and portfolios, Original artwork, Print and poster reproductions, Newspapers, Printed materials, and Audiovisual materials. 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He served as a member of the trustee board, and sang in the Male Chorus and Inspirational Choir. Upon relocating to Williamsburg, VA, he joined Colossian Baptist Church in Newport News, and once again served as a choir member. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOutside of the church, Wright also served as the president of the Stamford Chapter of the NAACP, was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc., and worked as a volunteer and mentor for a substance abuse rehabilitation program called Liberation House.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWhile living in Stamford, Wright began collecting Black comic books in 1986 because \"he wanted to have a hobby.\" His collection eventually grew beyond comics to include books, art works, photographs, and audio visual materials on the same topic. He saw the images that he collected over the years as a way to better tell the story of the depiction of Black Americans in visual media. In 2019, Wright donated his collection to William \u0026amp; Mary so that it might be \"a helpful resource to students\" in the future.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richard Wright (1946-2019) grew up in New York and attended college at Bradley University in Peoria, IL on an academic scholarship. He originally planned to study chemistry but graduated with a Bachelor of Political Science instead. ","\nWright moved to Stamford, Connecticut, where he met and married Minister Deborah V. P. Wright (1953-2012). They had three children together: Aaron Person, Joslynn S. Hamlet, and Porchia M. W. Smith.","\nWright spent the bulk of his career working as a court officer in the social services Department of Child Support in Connecticut until his retirement in 2013. He then moved to Williamsburg, Virgina, where he lived until his passing in 2019.","\nHe was an active member of Faith Tabernacle Missionary Baptist Church in Stamford, Connecticut. He served as a member of the trustee board, and sang in the Male Chorus and Inspirational Choir. Upon relocating to Williamsburg, VA, he joined Colossian Baptist Church in Newport News, and once again served as a choir member. ","\nOutside of the church, Wright also served as the president of the Stamford Chapter of the NAACP, was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc., and worked as a volunteer and mentor for a substance abuse rehabilitation program called Liberation House.","\nWhile living in Stamford, Wright began collecting Black comic books in 1986 because \"he wanted to have a hobby.\" His collection eventually grew beyond comics to include books, art works, photographs, and audio visual materials on the same topic. He saw the images that he collected over the years as a way to better tell the story of the depiction of Black Americans in visual media. In 2019, Wright donated his collection to William \u0026 Mary so that it might be \"a helpful resource to students\" in the future."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. 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We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eComic book volumes and other published materials included with this collection have been transfered to Rare Books and cataloged individually.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Comic book volumes and other published materials included with this collection have been transfered to Rare Books and cataloged individually."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection, compiled by Richard Wright, focuses on the evolution of the Black American image in print media, cartoons and comics. 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"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":987,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:10:15.256Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02_c02"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02_c03","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"\"Articles, Summaries on Magazines + Newspapers + Animation\"","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02_c03#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eArrangement and titles of folders are retained from Wright.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02_c03","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02_c03"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02_c03","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","Series 1: Research files","Research notes"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","Series 1: Research files","Research notes"],"text":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","Series 1: Research files","Research notes","\"Articles, Summaries on Magazines + Newspapers + Animation\"","Arrangement and titles of folders are retained from Wright."],"title_filing_ssi":"\"Articles, Summaries on Magazines + Newspapers + Animation\"","title_ssm":["\"Articles, Summaries on Magazines + Newspapers + Animation\""],"title_tesim":["\"Articles, Summaries on Magazines + Newspapers + Animation\""],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1870-1993"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1870/1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"Articles, Summaries on Magazines + Newspapers + Animation\""],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":11,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":138,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. 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The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into nine series: Research files, Collecting records, Minstrel shows, Scrapbooks and portfolios, Original artwork, Print and poster reproductions, Newspapers, Printed materials, and Audiovisual materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePublished books and comics can be found in our Rare Books collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into nine series: Research files, Collecting records, Minstrel shows, Scrapbooks and portfolios, Original artwork, Print and poster reproductions, Newspapers, Printed materials, and Audiovisual materials. ","Published books and comics can be found in our Rare Books collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Wright (1946-2019) grew up in New York and attended college at Bradley University in Peoria, IL on an academic scholarship. He originally planned to study chemistry but graduated with a Bachelor of Political Science instead. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWright moved to Stamford, Connecticut, where he met and married Minister Deborah V. P. Wright (1953-2012). They had three children together: Aaron Person, Joslynn S. Hamlet, and Porchia M. W. Smith.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWright spent the bulk of his career working as a court officer in the social services Department of Child Support in Connecticut until his retirement in 2013. He then moved to Williamsburg, Virgina, where he lived until his passing in 2019.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nHe was an active member of Faith Tabernacle Missionary Baptist Church in Stamford, Connecticut. He served as a member of the trustee board, and sang in the Male Chorus and Inspirational Choir. Upon relocating to Williamsburg, VA, he joined Colossian Baptist Church in Newport News, and once again served as a choir member. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOutside of the church, Wright also served as the president of the Stamford Chapter of the NAACP, was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc., and worked as a volunteer and mentor for a substance abuse rehabilitation program called Liberation House.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWhile living in Stamford, Wright began collecting Black comic books in 1986 because \"he wanted to have a hobby.\" His collection eventually grew beyond comics to include books, art works, photographs, and audio visual materials on the same topic. He saw the images that he collected over the years as a way to better tell the story of the depiction of Black Americans in visual media. In 2019, Wright donated his collection to William \u0026amp; Mary so that it might be \"a helpful resource to students\" in the future.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richard Wright (1946-2019) grew up in New York and attended college at Bradley University in Peoria, IL on an academic scholarship. He originally planned to study chemistry but graduated with a Bachelor of Political Science instead. ","\nWright moved to Stamford, Connecticut, where he met and married Minister Deborah V. P. Wright (1953-2012). They had three children together: Aaron Person, Joslynn S. Hamlet, and Porchia M. W. Smith.","\nWright spent the bulk of his career working as a court officer in the social services Department of Child Support in Connecticut until his retirement in 2013. He then moved to Williamsburg, Virgina, where he lived until his passing in 2019.","\nHe was an active member of Faith Tabernacle Missionary Baptist Church in Stamford, Connecticut. He served as a member of the trustee board, and sang in the Male Chorus and Inspirational Choir. Upon relocating to Williamsburg, VA, he joined Colossian Baptist Church in Newport News, and once again served as a choir member. ","\nOutside of the church, Wright also served as the president of the Stamford Chapter of the NAACP, was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc., and worked as a volunteer and mentor for a substance abuse rehabilitation program called Liberation House.","\nWhile living in Stamford, Wright began collecting Black comic books in 1986 because \"he wanted to have a hobby.\" His collection eventually grew beyond comics to include books, art works, photographs, and audio visual materials on the same topic. He saw the images that he collected over the years as a way to better tell the story of the depiction of Black Americans in visual media. In 2019, Wright donated his collection to William \u0026 Mary so that it might be \"a helpful resource to students\" in the future."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eComic book volumes and other published materials included with this collection have been transfered to Rare Books and cataloged individually.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Comic book volumes and other published materials included with this collection have been transfered to Rare Books and cataloged individually."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection, compiled by Richard Wright, focuses on the evolution of the Black American image in print media, cartoons and comics. Wright organized his own historical timeline titled \"Good Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" also referred to as \"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" in a series of binders with artist biographies and time period summaries. Item titles have been retained from the original labels.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection include: books, comic books, magazines, prints, reference books, slides, photographs, CDs, DVDs, sheet music, newspaper strips, lithographs, and artwork. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection, compiled by Richard Wright, focuses on the evolution of the Black American image in print media, cartoons and comics. Wright organized his own historical timeline titled \"Good Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" also referred to as \"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" in a series of binders with artist biographies and time period summaries. Item titles have been retained from the original labels.","Materials in this collection include: books, comic books, magazines, prints, reference books, slides, photographs, CDs, DVDs, sheet music, newspaper strips, lithographs, and artwork. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":987,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:10:15.256Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c02_c03"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c02_c05","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Augusta Twyman, Fanny Twyman, George Twyman, James Twyman, Jean Twyman","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c02_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c02_c05","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c02_c05"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c02_c05","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c02","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c02","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_392","viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03","viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_392","viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03","viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Austin-Twyman Papers","Series 3: Accounts and Legal Papers","Subseries 3.2: Twyman Family"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Austin-Twyman Papers","Series 3: Accounts and Legal Papers","Subseries 3.2: Twyman Family"],"text":["Austin-Twyman Papers","Series 3: Accounts and Legal Papers","Subseries 3.2: Twyman Family","Augusta Twyman, Fanny Twyman, George Twyman, James Twyman, Jean Twyman"],"title_filing_ssi":"Augusta Twyman, Fanny Twyman, George Twyman, James Twyman, Jean Twyman","title_ssm":["Augusta Twyman, Fanny Twyman, George Twyman, James Twyman, Jean Twyman"],"title_tesim":["Augusta Twyman, Fanny Twyman, George Twyman, James Twyman, Jean Twyman"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1733-1939"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1733/1939"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Augusta Twyman, Fanny Twyman, George Twyman, James Twyman, Jean Twyman"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":306,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#1/components#4","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:33:57.909Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_392.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Austin-Twyman Papers","title_ssm":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"title_tesim":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1765-1939"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1765-1939"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 69 Au7","/repositories/2/resources/392"],"text":["Mss. 69 Au7","/repositories/2/resources/392","Austin-Twyman Papers","Amherst County (Va.)--History--19th century","Buckingham County (Va.)--History--19th century","Legal documents","Medicine--Practice--Virginia","Medicine--Study and teaching--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Slavery--Virginia--History--19th century","Slaves--United States--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Social conditions","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--War of 1812","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Account books","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","10,764.00 items","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Organization: This collection is organized into 5 series: Series 1 contains letters, Series 2 contains the James River and Kanawha Company papers, Series 3 contains accounts and legal papers, Series 4 contains genealogical material, and Series 5 contains manuscript volumes. Arrangement: This collection is arranged into series and then subseries. These subseries are arranged by family names, then by individual name and finally by date. Also available on microfilm University Publications of America.","Additional information may be found at: http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00045.frame","When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents.","Papers, 1765 (1800-1890) 1939, of the Austin, Twyman, Spiller and Horsley families of Amherst and Buckingham counties, Virginia.","The papers include correspondence, accounts, legal papers and manuscript volumes. Includes papers of Archibald Austin (1772-1837), member of Congress, 1817-1819, member of the Virginia House of Delegates, 1815-1816, 1835-1837, his wife, Grace R. (Booker) Austin and their children, James M. Austin, John Austin and Bernard Austin, Grace Austin and Frances (Austin) Wright.","Correspondents of Archibald Austin include William H. Cabell, Walter L. Fontaine, Charles Yancey, Waller Taylor, George Booker, and Robert T. Hubard.","Subjects include the War of 1812, national politics and the business of the Virginia General Assembly. Papers include correspondence of Archibald Austin's son-in-law, Doctor Iverson Lewis Twyman (1810-1864) who married first, Mary Lavinia Horsley and second, Martha E. Austin. His correspondence concerns slavery, farm management, the study and practice of medicine and the education of his children whose letters are also part of the collection. His children were Iverson Lewis Twyman (1849-1921), John Austin Twyman, Superintendent of Schools in Buckingham County, Samuel Rogers Twyman (concerning Twyman genealogy), Augusta Giles Twyman and Mabel Booker Twyman.","Austin twyman papers collection 1765-1865 Amherst and Buckingham Counties is available on 35 reels of microform in Swem Library's Microforms area call number HD1471 .U5 R43","Papers also contain a few items concerning the Horsley family and much correspondence and many accounts of James Madison Spiller, a friend of Dr. Iverson Lewis Twyman and the father-in-law of Iverson Lewis Twyman, Jr. The collection includes several items relating to Peter Francisco, Revolutionary War hero; materials relating to the James River and Kanawha Canal; letters pertaining to the Civil War; accounts and legal documents concerning Albemarle, Amherst, Appomattox, Botetourt, Buckingham, Campbell, Cumberland, Goochland, King and Queen, Nelson, Powhatan and Prince Edward Counties; genealogical materials relating to the Austin, Booker, Byrd, Clark, Gaines, Lewis, Montague, Rogers, Twyman and Walker families; and miscellaneous material consisting of poetry, religious manuscripts, recipes, memoranda and photographs.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","Horsley family","Spiller family","Austin family","Twyman family","Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Francisco, Peter, d. 1831","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 69 Au7","/repositories/2/resources/392"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.)--History--19th century","Buckingham County (Va.)--History--19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.)--History--19th century","Buckingham County (Va.)--History--19th century"],"creator_ssm":["Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Horsley family","Spiller family"],"creator_ssim":["Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Horsley family","Spiller family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Horsley family","Spiller family"],"creators_ssim":["Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Horsley family","Spiller family"],"places_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.)--History--19th century","Buckingham County (Va.)--History--19th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased: 10,706 items, 1969."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Legal documents","Medicine--Practice--Virginia","Medicine--Study and teaching--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Slavery--Virginia--History--19th century","Slaves--United States--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Social conditions","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--War of 1812","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Account books","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Legal documents","Medicine--Practice--Virginia","Medicine--Study and teaching--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Slavery--Virginia--History--19th century","Slaves--United States--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Social conditions","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--War of 1812","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Account books","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["10,764.00 items"],"extent_ssm":["27.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["27.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Account books","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)"],"date_range_isim":[1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganization: This collection is organized into 5 series: Series 1 contains letters, Series 2 contains the James River and Kanawha Company papers, Series 3 contains accounts and legal papers, Series 4 contains genealogical material, and Series 5 contains manuscript volumes. Arrangement: This collection is arranged into series and then subseries. These subseries are arranged by family names, then by individual name and finally by date. Also available on microfilm University Publications of America.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organization: This collection is organized into 5 series: Series 1 contains letters, Series 2 contains the James River and Kanawha Company papers, Series 3 contains accounts and legal papers, Series 4 contains genealogical material, and Series 5 contains manuscript volumes. Arrangement: This collection is arranged into series and then subseries. These subseries are arranged by family names, then by individual name and finally by date. Also available on microfilm University Publications of America."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional information may be found at: http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00045.frame\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Additional information may be found at: http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00045.frame"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics or Technical Requirements:"],"phystech_tesim":["When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAustin-Twyman Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Austin-Twyman Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers, 1765 (1800-1890) 1939, of the Austin, Twyman, Spiller and Horsley families of Amherst and Buckingham counties, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers include correspondence, accounts, legal papers and manuscript volumes. Includes papers of Archibald Austin (1772-1837), member of Congress, 1817-1819, member of the Virginia House of Delegates, 1815-1816, 1835-1837, his wife, Grace R. (Booker) Austin and their children, James M. Austin, John Austin and Bernard Austin, Grace Austin and Frances (Austin) Wright.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents of Archibald Austin include William H. Cabell, Walter L. Fontaine, Charles Yancey, Waller Taylor, George Booker, and Robert T. Hubard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include the War of 1812, national politics and the business of the Virginia General Assembly. Papers include correspondence of Archibald Austin's son-in-law, Doctor Iverson Lewis Twyman (1810-1864) who married first, Mary Lavinia Horsley and second, Martha E. Austin. His correspondence concerns slavery, farm management, the study and practice of medicine and the education of his children whose letters are also part of the collection. His children were Iverson Lewis Twyman (1849-1921), John Austin Twyman, Superintendent of Schools in Buckingham County, Samuel Rogers Twyman (concerning Twyman genealogy), Augusta Giles Twyman and Mabel Booker Twyman.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAustin twyman papers collection 1765-1865 Amherst and Buckingham Counties is available on 35 reels of microform in Swem Library's Microforms area call number HD1471 .U5 R43\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePapers also contain a few items concerning the Horsley family and much correspondence and many accounts of James Madison Spiller, a friend of Dr. Iverson Lewis Twyman and the father-in-law of Iverson Lewis Twyman, Jr. The collection includes several items relating to Peter Francisco, Revolutionary War hero; materials relating to the James River and Kanawha Canal; letters pertaining to the Civil War; accounts and legal documents concerning Albemarle, Amherst, Appomattox, Botetourt, Buckingham, Campbell, Cumberland, Goochland, King and Queen, Nelson, Powhatan and Prince Edward Counties; genealogical materials relating to the Austin, Booker, Byrd, Clark, Gaines, Lewis, Montague, Rogers, Twyman and Walker families; and miscellaneous material consisting of poetry, religious manuscripts, recipes, memoranda and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers, 1765 (1800-1890) 1939, of the Austin, Twyman, Spiller and Horsley families of Amherst and Buckingham counties, Virginia.","The papers include correspondence, accounts, legal papers and manuscript volumes. Includes papers of Archibald Austin (1772-1837), member of Congress, 1817-1819, member of the Virginia House of Delegates, 1815-1816, 1835-1837, his wife, Grace R. (Booker) Austin and their children, James M. Austin, John Austin and Bernard Austin, Grace Austin and Frances (Austin) Wright.","Correspondents of Archibald Austin include William H. Cabell, Walter L. Fontaine, Charles Yancey, Waller Taylor, George Booker, and Robert T. Hubard.","Subjects include the War of 1812, national politics and the business of the Virginia General Assembly. Papers include correspondence of Archibald Austin's son-in-law, Doctor Iverson Lewis Twyman (1810-1864) who married first, Mary Lavinia Horsley and second, Martha E. Austin. His correspondence concerns slavery, farm management, the study and practice of medicine and the education of his children whose letters are also part of the collection. His children were Iverson Lewis Twyman (1849-1921), John Austin Twyman, Superintendent of Schools in Buckingham County, Samuel Rogers Twyman (concerning Twyman genealogy), Augusta Giles Twyman and Mabel Booker Twyman.","Austin twyman papers collection 1765-1865 Amherst and Buckingham Counties is available on 35 reels of microform in Swem Library's Microforms area call number HD1471 .U5 R43","Papers also contain a few items concerning the Horsley family and much correspondence and many accounts of James Madison Spiller, a friend of Dr. Iverson Lewis Twyman and the father-in-law of Iverson Lewis Twyman, Jr. The collection includes several items relating to Peter Francisco, Revolutionary War hero; materials relating to the James River and Kanawha Canal; letters pertaining to the Civil War; accounts and legal documents concerning Albemarle, Amherst, Appomattox, Botetourt, Buckingham, Campbell, Cumberland, Goochland, King and Queen, Nelson, Powhatan and Prince Edward Counties; genealogical materials relating to the Austin, Booker, Byrd, Clark, Gaines, Lewis, Montague, Rogers, Twyman and Walker families; and miscellaneous material consisting of poetry, religious manuscripts, recipes, memoranda and photographs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","Austin family","Twyman family","Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Francisco, Peter, d. 1831"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","Horsley family","Spiller family","Austin family","Twyman family","Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Francisco, Peter, d. 1831"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)"],"famname_ssim":["Horsley family","Spiller family","Austin family","Twyman family"],"persname_ssim":["Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Francisco, Peter, d. 1831"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":571,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:33:57.909Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c02_c05"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Banking correspondence","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eBox summaries Box 1: The Federal Reserve Bank Act and Federal Reserve system; the Federal Farm Loan Act; Panic of 1912; The Aldrich Bill; branch banks; central banking board; gold reserves; Currency [reform] Bill of 1913; Emergency Banking Act, 1933; the Banking Act of 1933 (Glass-Steagall Act; the Bank Bill of 1935; opposition to the National Industrial Recovery Act; the National Labor Relations Act; the Bank Holding Company Bill; and the Office of Price Administration.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01_c01"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_206","viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_206","viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carter Glass Papers","Series 1. Banking"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carter Glass Papers","Series 1. Banking"],"text":["Carter Glass Papers","Series 1. Banking","Banking correspondence","English","Box summaries\nBox 1: The Federal Reserve Bank Act and Federal Reserve system; the Federal Farm Loan Act; Panic of 1912; The Aldrich Bill; branch banks; central banking board; gold reserves; Currency [reform] Bill of 1913; Emergency Banking Act, 1933; the Banking Act of 1933 (Glass-Steagall Act; the Bank Bill of 1935; opposition to the National Industrial Recovery Act; the National Labor Relations Act; the Bank Holding Company Bill; and the Office of Price Administration.","Box 2: Federal Reserve Act (Glass-Owen Bill)6454, 2639, 7837;Aldrich-Vreeland Law;Federal Farm Loan Act Rural Credits Bill;and Clayton Anti-Trust Bill","Box 3: Federal Reserve Act; Federal Reserve Banks; Federal Farm Loan Act; Land Mortgage Bank Bill; Branch banking; Kern Bill; Hollis Buckley Bill; Usury laws; Charles S. Hamlin; Edmund D. Hulbert; William Gibbs McAdoo; J. H. Tregoe; Woodrow Wilson; John Skelton Williams; Henry A. Moehlenpah; Frederic A. Delano; and Carter Glass","Box 4: Federal Farm Loan Act;Rural credits;Federal Reserve Amendments and responses; McFadden Bill; Hollis Buckley Bill; and gold certificates","Box 5: Federal Reserve Amendments and responses (Kitchin and Hardwick Bill);and Pomerene Bill. Charles S. Hamlin,William Gibbs McAdoo,Woodrow Wilson,Clayton Act,George M. Reynolds,Paul M. Warburg,John Skelton Williams,and Carter Glass","Box 6: Federal Reserve Amendments and responses (Kitchin and Hardwick Bill); Federal Reserve Act authorship; Capital Issues Committee; Federal Land Bank of Baltimore; and the Revenue Act of 1918.George Norris,Edmund Platt, Frederic A. Delano, William P. G. Harding,Paul M. Warburg,Charles S. Hamlin, John Skelton Williams,Henry Parker Willis,Eugene Meyer,and Carter Glass","Box 7: Federal Reserve Act authorship; Federal Farm Loan Amendments; Federal Land Banks; currency shortage; check collection; Smoot Bill; Liberty loans; Federal Reserve Bank of New York; railroad and shipping costs; War Finance Corporation; and Second Pan American Conference. William P. G. Harding,George W. Norris,Robert L. Owen,Russell C. Leffingwell,Benjamin Strong,John Skelton Williams renomination,William Gibbs McAdoo,Charles S. Hamlin,and Carter Glass","Box 8: Federal Reserve Act authorship; Clayton Anti-Trust Act; Smoot Bill; check collecting fees; branch banking; Virginia-Carolina Joint StockLandBank; budget bill; excess profits tax; gold; and Liberty bonds. Walter Edward Harris, Charles A. Korbly,Edmund Platt,William Skelton Williams,William P. G. Harding,William Gibbs McAdoo, Hollins N. Randolph,Henry Parker Willis,Russell C. Leffingwell,Arthur Capper,Thomas B. McAdams,and Carter Glass","Box 9: Federal Reserve Act and authorship; Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond; Bank of Haysi; Bank of New York; Open market commercial paper rates; McFadden Bill; discount rates; Overman Resolution; Liberty bonds; Pan American Conference; and Russian trade.William P. G. Harding,John Skelton Williams,Thomas B. McAdams,Russell C. Leffingwell,Edmund Platt,John Thomas Heflin,Hollins N. Randolph,William Gibbs McAdoo,George J. Seay,Henry Parker Willis, George Armstrong,Benjamin Strong,and Carter Glass","Box 10: Federal Reserve System; McFadden Bill H. R. 2; Farm Loan Mortgage; discount rates and eligible paper; Pittman Silver Act; Frank A. Vanderlip banking plan; War Finance Corporation; Bank of New York; bank failure; Anderson Bill; Lenroot Bill; and William P. G. Harding reappointment.John Skelton Williams,Reed Smoot,Hollins N. Randolph,Russell C. Leffingwell,Thomas B. McAdams,Paul M. Warburg,Edmund Platt,Henry Parker Willis,Woodrow Wilson,Benjamin Strong, Daniel C. Roper, William Gibbs McAdoo,Charles S. Hamlin,George W. Norris,and Carter Glass","Box 12:Federal Reserve Act authorship; McNary-Haugen Billand (speech responses); McFadden Bill; Federal Farm Loan Act; and Carter Glass book. Walter Edward Harris,Paul Warburg,Norman Davis,Walter E. Edge,Charles W. Collins,Charles S. Hamlin,Henry Parker Willis,George J. Seay,Benjamin Strong,and Edmund Platt","Box 13: Pascagoula case; Federal Reserve Act authorship; McFadden Bill; \"Committee of One Hundred\"; Carter Glass book; and the McNary-Haugen Bill. Henry Parker Willis,William P. G. Harding,George J. Seay,Harry Flood Byrd,Bernard M. Baruch,Russell C. Leffingwell,Charles S. Hamlin,Charles W. Collins,Walter Edward Harris,Thomas B. McAdams,George W. Norris,and Edmund Platt","Box 14 Federal Reserve Act authorship; McFadden Bill; Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas; Lafollette Resolution; \"Committee of One Hundred\"; Federal Home Loan Bill; misuse of Federal Reserve System; President Roosevelt criticism of Federal Reserve System; Charles E. Mitchell; and bank failures. Eugene Meyer,Edmund Platt,Henry Parker Willis,Bishop James Cannon, Jr., Thomas B. McAdams,Russell C. Plainwell,and Elben C. Folks","Box 15: Federal Reserve Act authorship; responses to Depression and banking crisis; Bank of Kentucky; curb stock speculations; security abuses; Charles E. Mitchell; McFadden Bill; and criticism of Herbert Hoover. Thomas B. McAdams,Walter B. Mahoney,John W. Pole,Edmund Platt,Henry Parker Willis,Bernard M. Baruch,Eugene Meyer,William P. G. Harding,George L. Harrison,George W. Norris,George J. Seay,and Richard C. Whitney","Box 16: Responses to the Depressionand(banking crisis); and Bank of Kentucky.Jouett Shouse,Henry Parker Willis,Henry B. Steagall,Eugene Meyer,Charles S. Hamlin,Milton S. Florsheim,Samuel M. Kaplan,and Elben C. Folkes","Box 17: Responses to the Depression and banking crisis; President Hoover Plan; Federal Land Banks; Wall Street bankers; bank failures; Bank of Kentucky; Federal Reserve Act authorship; Federal Farm Loan Act; Federal Home Loan; and Hoover moratorium. Bernard M. Baruch,Jouett Shouse,Richard C. Whitney,Charles S. Hamlin,Henry A. Moehlenpah,Millard E. Tydings,Henry Parker Willis,Andrew W. Mellon,Edmund Platt,Eugene Meyer,Russell C. Leffingwell,and Thomas B. McAdams","Box 18:Depression and banking crisis; Bank of Kentucky; Senate Committee on Banking and Currency Hearings; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; Nye Report; Pan American Finance Conference; Gold; Silver; and death of E. C. Glass. Elben C. Folkes,Al Kaplan,Herbert Hoover,Jouett Shouse,Charles S. Hamlin,George L. Harrison, Thorwald Siegfried, Eugene Meyer,and Pat H. Drewery","Box 19:Federal Home Loan Bank; Federal Land Bank of Baltimore; foreclosures; Glass-Steagall; and Henry Parker Willis articles in France on gold upsetting to colleagues.Franklin Delano Roosevelt,John W. Pole,Henry B. Steagall,Oliver J. Sands,Russell C. Leffingwell,Charles W. Collins,Charles S. Hamlin,and George L. Harrison","Box 20-24: Glass Steagall responses; and Glass speech on gold","Box 25: Glass-Steagall Act; Goldsborough Bill; gold standard; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; Joint Stock Land Banks;Revenue Act of 1932; responses to Carter Glass speech;praise for Carter Glass; bank failures; Banking study; Holiday proclamation by President Roosevelt; Funding for projects such as the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, and a bridge across the Potomac River; Herbert Hoover;Newton D. Baker;Russell C. Leffingwell;George L. Harrison; Eugene Meyer; Samuel Untermyer; Chester Morrill; George W. Norris; Richard S. Whaley;Princess Amelie Rives Troubetzkoy;James F. Byrnes;Louis Wiley; Robert J. Bulkley;John W. Owens;HenryParker Willis; and the Dallas Chamber of Commerce","Box 26: Responses to banking crisis and Depressionand criticism of Herbert Hoover","Box 27: Responses to Depression; McNary-Haugen Bill; Home Loan Bill; Emergency Farm Mortgage Act of 1933; Thomas Bill; Federal Reserve Amendment Section 10b; Glass-Steagall Banking Act; and Credit Report U.S. S. R. (George N. Peek).George L. Harrison,Chester Morrill,Russell C. Leffingwell,Louis T. McFadden,Emmanuel Kaplan,Hugh S. Johnson,and the National Recovery Act","Box 28: Glass-Steagall Act responses; Emergency Bank Bill; California banks; and Goldsborough Amendment. Edmund Platt and Frank A. Vanderlip","Box 29: Glass-Steagall Act responses, and Section 19 Statewide branch banking for national banks; Huey Long filibuster; bank guarantees; Charles E. Mitchell investigation; and continued moratorium on closing banks. Duncan U. Fletcher; Ferdinand Pecora; and Virginia Governor John Garland Pollard","Box 30: Gold, Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Senate Banking and Currency Committee investigation of J. P. Morgan; Glass-Steagall Banking Act; National Recovery Act; Emergency Banking Act relief; Morris Plan; and criticism of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Duncan U. Fletcher; and William Gibbs McAdoo","Box 31: Senate investigation of J. P. Morgan;Gold standard; Expand use of silver; stability of the dollar; praise for Carter Glass radio speech \"Facts about Fiscal Policy of Our Government During the Past Few Years\" and \"Shall We Go Over the Precipice?\" Duncan U. Fletcher; Edmund Platt; and Herbert L. Myrick","Box 32: Rsponses to Glass speech [\"Shall We Go Over the Precipice?\"] against Roosevelt inflation bill; Emergency Bank Bill; Bankruptcy legislation; Banking Act of 1935; Credit Union Act; Marriner S. Eccles as Governor of the Federal Reserve Board; Branchbanking; Bank of the United States; death of Eugerne R. Black; and Philippine currency. Charles S. Hamlin; Edmund Platt; George W. Norris; George L. Harrison; Herny Parker Willis; Paul M. Warburg; Henry B. Steagall; Clifton A. Woodrum; Edward W. Kemmerer;Rudolph Spreckels; Sam M. Kaplan; John Foster Dulles; Milton Friedman; T. F. Wentworth; Dean Acheson; Chester Morrill; Walter Wyatt; Eugene R. Black; James P. Warburg; and James Elliott Heath","Box 33: (Fletcher-Rayburn Bill, Kean Bill; National Securities Exchange Act, McLeod Bill, or the Banking Act of 1935); Federal Reserve Amendment Section 12b; Morris-Sheppard Bill; Chester Morrill; Thomas B. McAdams; William Gibbs McAdoo; Elmer Thomas; Henry Morgenthau, Jr.; Eugene Meyer; Duncan U. Fletcher; Jesse H. Jones; and Richard C. Whitney","Box 34: Banking Act of 1933; National Securities Exchange Act; Kean Bill; Fletcher-Rayburn Bill; misuse of the Federal Reserve System; de-evaluation of the dollar; and Gold Reserve Act","Box 35: Banking Act of 1935; Gold Reserve Act; Gold speech of Russell C. Leffingwell; National Recovery Act; Hugh S. Johnson; Kaplan Plan; Robert L. Owen inquiry; Huey Long; Goldsborough Amendment;Elmer Thomas; Charles S. Hamlin; George Wharton Pepper; Henry H. Heiman; Henry Parker Willis; George W. Norris; Duncan U. Fletcher; J. F. T. O'Connor; Robert D. Kent; Royal S. Copeland; Edward W. Kemmerer; and A. Willis Robertson","Box 36: Responses to the Banking Act of 1935; Harry Flood Byrd; Duncan U. Fletcher; A. Willis Robertson; Leo T. Crowley; Jesse H. Jones; Edmund Platt; Henry Morgenthau, Jr.; J. F. T. O'Connor; Thomas B. McAdams; and Thomas P. Gore","Box 37: Responses to the Banking Act of 1935; Glass concerns about Marriner S. Eccles as Governor of the Federal Reserve Board and criticism of government and political control of banking; Federal Reserve Act authorship; Goldsborough Amendment; Townsend Plan; A. H. Dobson; Frank A. Vanderlip; Irving Fisher; Walter Lichtenstein; Arthur Capper; Duncan U. Fletcher; Bennett Champ Clark; Thomas P. Gore; Henry Heiman; Thomas B. McAdams; Hollins N. Randolph; Hugo L. Black; and Thorwald Siegfried","Box 38: Banking Act of 1935; Gold clause; Comptroller of the Currency; silver; Robert L. Owen inquiry; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; repeal of Thomas Amendment; concern about Marriner S. Eccles as Governor of the Federal Reserve Board; portrait of John Skelton Williams; Edmund Platt; Agnes and Eugene Meyer; Chester Morrill; Robert F. Wagner; Kenneth D. McKellar; George L. Harrison; Harry S. Truman; George W. Norris; Henry Parker Willis; Henry Morgenthau, Jr.; Marriner S. Eccles and Russell C. Leffingwell(Treasury and Nye Report)","Box 39: Repeal Thomas Amendment; Branch banking; Bankhead-Jones Farm Act; Federal Land Bank of Baltimore Bank Holding companies; and Reconstruction Finance Corporation.William Gibbs McAdoo,Edmund Platt,Thomas B. McAdams,Henry Heiman,Jesse H. Jones,Henry Morgenthau, Jr.,Robert L. Owen,and the death of Henry Parker Willis","Box 40: Henry Parker Willis Foundation; Federal Reserve Act anniversary; J. F. T. O'Connor resignation; misuse of the Federal Reserve System; Robert L. Owen and Carter Glass accusations against Marriner S. Eccles; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; Clayton Act; Mead Bill; De-evaluation of the dollar;silver program; Gold Act; Home Owners Loan Corporation Act; Self-liquidating Bill; and Barden Bill.Edmund Platt,Jesse H. Jones, William Gibbs McAdoo,Henry Morgenthau, Jr.,Robert F. Wagner,and Marriner S. Eccles","Box 41: Tribute to Edmund Platt; Embargo Act; Banking and Currency Committee pending legislation; Branch banking; Silver Purchase Act; de-evaluation of the dollar; Trust Indenture Act (Robert F.Wagner); Bank Holding company; Jones Wheeler Bill; Federal Home Loan Bank Act; Clayton Act; Townsend Plan; FDIC; Pittman Amendment; Farm Relief Bill; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; Wagner Lea Bill; and disappointment with Marriner S. Eccles;Harry Flood Byrd,Jesse H. Jones,Henry Heiman,Frederic Delano,and Leo T. Crowley","Box 42: Tribute to Carter Glass; Banking and Currency Committee pending legislation; FDIC and excess profits tax; Federal Reserve Amendment Section 23; medal for Howard Hughes; American Palestine Committee (Robert F. Wagner); Farm credit; Credit Union Act; price control; Bank Holding Company; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; de-evaluation of the dollar Federal Reserve Act authorship; and criticism of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Cordell Hull; Walter Lichtenstein; Chester Morrill; Robert F. Wagner; and Leo T. Crowley"],"title_filing_ssi":"Banking correspondence","title_ssm":["Banking correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Banking correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1908-1946"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1908/1946"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Banking correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Carter Glass Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":836,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Restrictions apply to veterans claims."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims."],"date_range_isim":[1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"language_ssim":["English"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox summaries\nBox 1: The Federal Reserve Bank Act and Federal Reserve system; the Federal Farm Loan Act; Panic of 1912; The Aldrich Bill; branch banks; central banking board; gold reserves; Currency [reform] Bill of 1913; Emergency Banking Act, 1933; the Banking Act of 1933 (Glass-Steagall Act; the Bank Bill of 1935; opposition to the National Industrial Recovery Act; the National Labor Relations Act; the Bank Holding Company Bill; and the Office of Price Administration.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 2: Federal Reserve Act (Glass-Owen Bill)6454, 2639, 7837;Aldrich-Vreeland Law;Federal Farm Loan Act Rural Credits Bill;and Clayton Anti-Trust Bill\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 3: Federal Reserve Act; Federal Reserve Banks; Federal Farm Loan Act; Land Mortgage Bank Bill; Branch banking; Kern Bill; Hollis Buckley Bill; Usury laws; Charles S. Hamlin; Edmund D. Hulbert; William Gibbs McAdoo; J. H. Tregoe; Woodrow Wilson; John Skelton Williams; Henry A. Moehlenpah; Frederic A. Delano; and Carter Glass\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 4: Federal Farm Loan Act;Rural credits;Federal Reserve Amendments and responses; McFadden Bill; Hollis Buckley Bill; and gold certificates\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 5: Federal Reserve Amendments and responses (Kitchin and Hardwick Bill);and Pomerene Bill. Charles S. Hamlin,William Gibbs McAdoo,Woodrow Wilson,Clayton Act,George M. Reynolds,Paul M. Warburg,John Skelton Williams,and Carter Glass\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 6: Federal Reserve Amendments and responses (Kitchin and Hardwick Bill); Federal Reserve Act authorship; Capital Issues Committee; Federal Land Bank of Baltimore; and the Revenue Act of 1918.George Norris,Edmund Platt, Frederic A. Delano, William P. G. Harding,Paul M. Warburg,Charles S. Hamlin, John Skelton Williams,Henry Parker Willis,Eugene Meyer,and Carter Glass\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 7: Federal Reserve Act authorship; Federal Farm Loan Amendments; Federal Land Banks; currency shortage; check collection; Smoot Bill; Liberty loans; Federal Reserve Bank of New York; railroad and shipping costs; War Finance Corporation; and Second Pan American Conference. William P. G. Harding,George W. Norris,Robert L. Owen,Russell C. Leffingwell,Benjamin Strong,John Skelton Williams renomination,William Gibbs McAdoo,Charles S. Hamlin,and Carter Glass\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 8: Federal Reserve Act authorship; Clayton Anti-Trust Act; Smoot Bill; check collecting fees; branch banking; Virginia-Carolina Joint StockLandBank; budget bill; excess profits tax; gold; and Liberty bonds. Walter Edward Harris, Charles A. Korbly,Edmund Platt,William Skelton Williams,William P. G. Harding,William Gibbs McAdoo, Hollins N. Randolph,Henry Parker Willis,Russell C. Leffingwell,Arthur Capper,Thomas B. McAdams,and Carter Glass\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 9: Federal Reserve Act and authorship; Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond; Bank of Haysi; Bank of New York; Open market commercial paper rates; McFadden Bill; discount rates; Overman Resolution; Liberty bonds; Pan American Conference; and Russian trade.William P. G. Harding,John Skelton Williams,Thomas B. McAdams,Russell C. Leffingwell,Edmund Platt,John Thomas Heflin,Hollins N. Randolph,William Gibbs McAdoo,George J. Seay,Henry Parker Willis, George Armstrong,Benjamin Strong,and Carter Glass\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 10: Federal Reserve System; McFadden Bill H. R. 2; Farm Loan Mortgage; discount rates and eligible paper; Pittman Silver Act; Frank A. Vanderlip banking plan; War Finance Corporation; Bank of New York; bank failure; Anderson Bill; Lenroot Bill; and William P. G. Harding reappointment.John Skelton Williams,Reed Smoot,Hollins N. Randolph,Russell C. Leffingwell,Thomas B. McAdams,Paul M. Warburg,Edmund Platt,Henry Parker Willis,Woodrow Wilson,Benjamin Strong, Daniel C. Roper, William Gibbs McAdoo,Charles S. Hamlin,George W. Norris,and Carter Glass\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 12:Federal Reserve Act authorship; McNary-Haugen Billand (speech responses); McFadden Bill; Federal Farm Loan Act; and Carter Glass book. Walter Edward Harris,Paul Warburg,Norman Davis,Walter E. Edge,Charles W. Collins,Charles S. Hamlin,Henry Parker Willis,George J. Seay,Benjamin Strong,and Edmund Platt\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 13: Pascagoula case; Federal Reserve Act authorship; McFadden Bill; \"Committee of One Hundred\"; Carter Glass book; and the McNary-Haugen Bill. Henry Parker Willis,William P. G. Harding,George J. Seay,Harry Flood Byrd,Bernard M. Baruch,Russell C. Leffingwell,Charles S. Hamlin,Charles W. Collins,Walter Edward Harris,Thomas B. McAdams,George W. Norris,and Edmund Platt\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 14 Federal Reserve Act authorship; McFadden Bill; Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas; Lafollette Resolution; \"Committee of One Hundred\"; Federal Home Loan Bill; misuse of Federal Reserve System; President Roosevelt criticism of Federal Reserve System; Charles E. Mitchell; and bank failures. Eugene Meyer,Edmund Platt,Henry Parker Willis,Bishop James Cannon, Jr., Thomas B. McAdams,Russell C. Plainwell,and Elben C. Folks\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 15: Federal Reserve Act authorship; responses to Depression and banking crisis; Bank of Kentucky; curb stock speculations; security abuses; Charles E. Mitchell; McFadden Bill; and criticism of Herbert Hoover. Thomas B. McAdams,Walter B. Mahoney,John W. Pole,Edmund Platt,Henry Parker Willis,Bernard M. Baruch,Eugene Meyer,William P. G. Harding,George L. Harrison,George W. Norris,George J. Seay,and Richard C. Whitney\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 16: Responses to the Depressionand(banking crisis); and Bank of Kentucky.Jouett Shouse,Henry Parker Willis,Henry B. Steagall,Eugene Meyer,Charles S. Hamlin,Milton S. Florsheim,Samuel M. Kaplan,and Elben C. Folkes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 17: Responses to the Depression and banking crisis; President Hoover Plan; Federal Land Banks; Wall Street bankers; bank failures; Bank of Kentucky; Federal Reserve Act authorship; Federal Farm Loan Act; Federal Home Loan; and Hoover moratorium. Bernard M. Baruch,Jouett Shouse,Richard C. Whitney,Charles S. Hamlin,Henry A. Moehlenpah,Millard E. Tydings,Henry Parker Willis,Andrew W. Mellon,Edmund Platt,Eugene Meyer,Russell C. Leffingwell,and Thomas B. McAdams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 18:Depression and banking crisis; Bank of Kentucky; Senate Committee on Banking and Currency Hearings; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; Nye Report; Pan American Finance Conference; Gold; Silver; and death of E. C. Glass. Elben C. Folkes,Al Kaplan,Herbert Hoover,Jouett Shouse,Charles S. Hamlin,George L. Harrison, Thorwald Siegfried, Eugene Meyer,and Pat H. Drewery\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 19:Federal Home Loan Bank; Federal Land Bank of Baltimore; foreclosures; Glass-Steagall; and Henry Parker Willis articles in France on gold upsetting to colleagues.Franklin Delano Roosevelt,John W. Pole,Henry B. Steagall,Oliver J. Sands,Russell C. Leffingwell,Charles W. Collins,Charles S. Hamlin,and George L. Harrison\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 20-24: Glass Steagall responses; and Glass speech on gold\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 25: Glass-Steagall Act; Goldsborough Bill; gold standard; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; Joint Stock Land Banks;Revenue Act of 1932; responses to Carter Glass speech;praise for Carter Glass; bank failures; Banking study; Holiday proclamation by President Roosevelt; Funding for projects such as the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, and a bridge across the Potomac River; Herbert Hoover;Newton D. Baker;Russell C. Leffingwell;George L. Harrison; Eugene Meyer; Samuel Untermyer; Chester Morrill; George W. Norris; Richard S. Whaley;Princess Amelie Rives Troubetzkoy;James F. Byrnes;Louis Wiley; Robert J. Bulkley;John W. Owens;HenryParker Willis; and the Dallas Chamber of Commerce\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 26: Responses to banking crisis and Depressionand criticism of Herbert Hoover\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 27: Responses to Depression; McNary-Haugen Bill; Home Loan Bill; Emergency Farm Mortgage Act of 1933; Thomas Bill; Federal Reserve Amendment Section 10b; Glass-Steagall Banking Act; and Credit Report U.S. S. R. (George N. Peek).George L. Harrison,Chester Morrill,Russell C. Leffingwell,Louis T. McFadden,Emmanuel Kaplan,Hugh S. Johnson,and the National Recovery Act\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 28: Glass-Steagall Act responses; Emergency Bank Bill; California banks; and Goldsborough Amendment. Edmund Platt and Frank A. Vanderlip\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 29: Glass-Steagall Act responses, and Section 19 Statewide branch banking for national banks; Huey Long filibuster; bank guarantees; Charles E. Mitchell investigation; and continued moratorium on closing banks. Duncan U. Fletcher; Ferdinand Pecora; and Virginia Governor John Garland Pollard\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 30: Gold, Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Senate Banking and Currency Committee investigation of J. P. Morgan; Glass-Steagall Banking Act; National Recovery Act; Emergency Banking Act relief; Morris Plan; and criticism of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Duncan U. Fletcher; and William Gibbs McAdoo\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 31: Senate investigation of J. P. Morgan;Gold standard; Expand use of silver; stability of the dollar; praise for Carter Glass radio speech \"Facts about Fiscal Policy of Our Government During the Past Few Years\" and \"Shall We Go Over the Precipice?\" Duncan U. Fletcher; Edmund Platt; and Herbert L. Myrick\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 32: Rsponses to Glass speech [\"Shall We Go Over the Precipice?\"] against Roosevelt inflation bill; Emergency Bank Bill; Bankruptcy legislation; Banking Act of 1935; Credit Union Act; Marriner S. Eccles as Governor of the Federal Reserve Board; Branchbanking; Bank of the United States; death of Eugerne R. Black; and Philippine currency. Charles S. Hamlin; Edmund Platt; George W. Norris; George L. Harrison; Herny Parker Willis; Paul M. Warburg; Henry B. Steagall; Clifton A. Woodrum; Edward W. Kemmerer;Rudolph Spreckels; Sam M. Kaplan; John Foster Dulles; Milton Friedman; T. F. Wentworth; Dean Acheson; Chester Morrill; Walter Wyatt; Eugene R. Black; James P. Warburg; and James Elliott Heath\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 33: (Fletcher-Rayburn Bill, Kean Bill; National Securities Exchange Act, McLeod Bill, or the Banking Act of 1935); Federal Reserve Amendment Section 12b; Morris-Sheppard Bill; Chester Morrill; Thomas B. McAdams; William Gibbs McAdoo; Elmer Thomas; Henry Morgenthau, Jr.; Eugene Meyer; Duncan U. Fletcher; Jesse H. Jones; and Richard C. Whitney\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 34: Banking Act of 1933; National Securities Exchange Act; Kean Bill; Fletcher-Rayburn Bill; misuse of the Federal Reserve System; de-evaluation of the dollar; and Gold Reserve Act\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 35: Banking Act of 1935; Gold Reserve Act; Gold speech of Russell C. Leffingwell; National Recovery Act; Hugh S. Johnson; Kaplan Plan; Robert L. Owen inquiry; Huey Long; Goldsborough Amendment;Elmer Thomas; Charles S. Hamlin; George Wharton Pepper; Henry H. Heiman; Henry Parker Willis; George W. Norris; Duncan U. Fletcher; J. F. T. O'Connor; Robert D. Kent; Royal S. Copeland; Edward W. Kemmerer; and A. Willis Robertson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 36: Responses to the Banking Act of 1935; Harry Flood Byrd; Duncan U. Fletcher; A. Willis Robertson; Leo T. Crowley; Jesse H. Jones; Edmund Platt; Henry Morgenthau, Jr.; J. F. T. O'Connor; Thomas B. McAdams; and Thomas P. Gore\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 37: Responses to the Banking Act of 1935; Glass concerns about Marriner S. Eccles as Governor of the Federal Reserve Board and criticism of government and political control of banking; Federal Reserve Act authorship; Goldsborough Amendment; Townsend Plan; A. H. Dobson; Frank A. Vanderlip; Irving Fisher; Walter Lichtenstein; Arthur Capper; Duncan U. Fletcher; Bennett Champ Clark; Thomas P. Gore; Henry Heiman; Thomas B. McAdams; Hollins N. Randolph; Hugo L. Black; and Thorwald Siegfried\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 38: Banking Act of 1935; Gold clause; Comptroller of the Currency; silver; Robert L. Owen inquiry; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; repeal of Thomas Amendment; concern about Marriner S. Eccles as Governor of the Federal Reserve Board; portrait of John Skelton Williams; Edmund Platt; Agnes and Eugene Meyer; Chester Morrill; Robert F. Wagner; Kenneth D. McKellar; George L. Harrison; Harry S. Truman; George W. Norris; Henry Parker Willis; Henry Morgenthau, Jr.; Marriner S. Eccles and Russell C. Leffingwell(Treasury and Nye Report)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 39: Repeal Thomas Amendment; Branch banking; Bankhead-Jones Farm Act; Federal Land Bank of Baltimore Bank Holding companies; and Reconstruction Finance Corporation.William Gibbs McAdoo,Edmund Platt,Thomas B. McAdams,Henry Heiman,Jesse H. Jones,Henry Morgenthau, Jr.,Robert L. Owen,and the death of Henry Parker Willis\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 40: Henry Parker Willis Foundation; Federal Reserve Act anniversary; J. F. T. O'Connor resignation; misuse of the Federal Reserve System; Robert L. Owen and Carter Glass accusations against Marriner S. Eccles; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; Clayton Act; Mead Bill; De-evaluation of the dollar;silver program; Gold Act; Home Owners Loan Corporation Act; Self-liquidating Bill; and Barden Bill.Edmund Platt,Jesse H. Jones, William Gibbs McAdoo,Henry Morgenthau, Jr.,Robert F. Wagner,and Marriner S. Eccles\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 41: Tribute to Edmund Platt; Embargo Act; Banking and Currency Committee pending legislation; Branch banking; Silver Purchase Act; de-evaluation of the dollar; Trust Indenture Act (Robert F.Wagner); Bank Holding company; Jones Wheeler Bill; Federal Home Loan Bank Act; Clayton Act; Townsend Plan; FDIC; Pittman Amendment; Farm Relief Bill; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; Wagner Lea Bill; and disappointment with Marriner S. Eccles;Harry Flood Byrd,Jesse H. Jones,Henry Heiman,Frederic Delano,and Leo T. Crowley\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 42: Tribute to Carter Glass; Banking and Currency Committee pending legislation; FDIC and excess profits tax; Federal Reserve Amendment Section 23; medal for Howard Hughes; American Palestine Committee (Robert F. Wagner); Farm credit; Credit Union Act; price control; Bank Holding Company; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; de-evaluation of the dollar Federal Reserve Act authorship; and criticism of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Cordell Hull; Walter Lichtenstein; Chester Morrill; Robert F. Wagner; and Leo T. Crowley\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Box summaries\nBox 1: The Federal Reserve Bank Act and Federal Reserve system; the Federal Farm Loan Act; Panic of 1912; The Aldrich Bill; branch banks; central banking board; gold reserves; Currency [reform] Bill of 1913; Emergency Banking Act, 1933; the Banking Act of 1933 (Glass-Steagall Act; the Bank Bill of 1935; opposition to the National Industrial Recovery Act; the National Labor Relations Act; the Bank Holding Company Bill; and the Office of Price Administration.","Box 2: Federal Reserve Act (Glass-Owen Bill)6454, 2639, 7837;Aldrich-Vreeland Law;Federal Farm Loan Act Rural Credits Bill;and Clayton Anti-Trust Bill","Box 3: Federal Reserve Act; Federal Reserve Banks; Federal Farm Loan Act; Land Mortgage Bank Bill; Branch banking; Kern Bill; Hollis Buckley Bill; Usury laws; Charles S. Hamlin; Edmund D. Hulbert; William Gibbs McAdoo; J. H. Tregoe; Woodrow Wilson; John Skelton Williams; Henry A. Moehlenpah; Frederic A. Delano; and Carter Glass","Box 4: Federal Farm Loan Act;Rural credits;Federal Reserve Amendments and responses; McFadden Bill; Hollis Buckley Bill; and gold certificates","Box 5: Federal Reserve Amendments and responses (Kitchin and Hardwick Bill);and Pomerene Bill. Charles S. Hamlin,William Gibbs McAdoo,Woodrow Wilson,Clayton Act,George M. Reynolds,Paul M. Warburg,John Skelton Williams,and Carter Glass","Box 6: Federal Reserve Amendments and responses (Kitchin and Hardwick Bill); Federal Reserve Act authorship; Capital Issues Committee; Federal Land Bank of Baltimore; and the Revenue Act of 1918.George Norris,Edmund Platt, Frederic A. Delano, William P. G. Harding,Paul M. Warburg,Charles S. Hamlin, John Skelton Williams,Henry Parker Willis,Eugene Meyer,and Carter Glass","Box 7: Federal Reserve Act authorship; Federal Farm Loan Amendments; Federal Land Banks; currency shortage; check collection; Smoot Bill; Liberty loans; Federal Reserve Bank of New York; railroad and shipping costs; War Finance Corporation; and Second Pan American Conference. William P. G. Harding,George W. Norris,Robert L. Owen,Russell C. Leffingwell,Benjamin Strong,John Skelton Williams renomination,William Gibbs McAdoo,Charles S. Hamlin,and Carter Glass","Box 8: Federal Reserve Act authorship; Clayton Anti-Trust Act; Smoot Bill; check collecting fees; branch banking; Virginia-Carolina Joint StockLandBank; budget bill; excess profits tax; gold; and Liberty bonds. Walter Edward Harris, Charles A. Korbly,Edmund Platt,William Skelton Williams,William P. G. Harding,William Gibbs McAdoo, Hollins N. Randolph,Henry Parker Willis,Russell C. Leffingwell,Arthur Capper,Thomas B. McAdams,and Carter Glass","Box 9: Federal Reserve Act and authorship; Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond; Bank of Haysi; Bank of New York; Open market commercial paper rates; McFadden Bill; discount rates; Overman Resolution; Liberty bonds; Pan American Conference; and Russian trade.William P. G. Harding,John Skelton Williams,Thomas B. McAdams,Russell C. Leffingwell,Edmund Platt,John Thomas Heflin,Hollins N. Randolph,William Gibbs McAdoo,George J. Seay,Henry Parker Willis, George Armstrong,Benjamin Strong,and Carter Glass","Box 10: Federal Reserve System; McFadden Bill H. R. 2; Farm Loan Mortgage; discount rates and eligible paper; Pittman Silver Act; Frank A. Vanderlip banking plan; War Finance Corporation; Bank of New York; bank failure; Anderson Bill; Lenroot Bill; and William P. G. Harding reappointment.John Skelton Williams,Reed Smoot,Hollins N. Randolph,Russell C. Leffingwell,Thomas B. McAdams,Paul M. Warburg,Edmund Platt,Henry Parker Willis,Woodrow Wilson,Benjamin Strong, Daniel C. Roper, William Gibbs McAdoo,Charles S. Hamlin,George W. Norris,and Carter Glass","Box 12:Federal Reserve Act authorship; McNary-Haugen Billand (speech responses); McFadden Bill; Federal Farm Loan Act; and Carter Glass book. Walter Edward Harris,Paul Warburg,Norman Davis,Walter E. Edge,Charles W. Collins,Charles S. Hamlin,Henry Parker Willis,George J. Seay,Benjamin Strong,and Edmund Platt","Box 13: Pascagoula case; Federal Reserve Act authorship; McFadden Bill; \"Committee of One Hundred\"; Carter Glass book; and the McNary-Haugen Bill. Henry Parker Willis,William P. G. Harding,George J. Seay,Harry Flood Byrd,Bernard M. Baruch,Russell C. Leffingwell,Charles S. Hamlin,Charles W. Collins,Walter Edward Harris,Thomas B. McAdams,George W. Norris,and Edmund Platt","Box 14 Federal Reserve Act authorship; McFadden Bill; Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas; Lafollette Resolution; \"Committee of One Hundred\"; Federal Home Loan Bill; misuse of Federal Reserve System; President Roosevelt criticism of Federal Reserve System; Charles E. Mitchell; and bank failures. Eugene Meyer,Edmund Platt,Henry Parker Willis,Bishop James Cannon, Jr., Thomas B. McAdams,Russell C. Plainwell,and Elben C. Folks","Box 15: Federal Reserve Act authorship; responses to Depression and banking crisis; Bank of Kentucky; curb stock speculations; security abuses; Charles E. Mitchell; McFadden Bill; and criticism of Herbert Hoover. Thomas B. McAdams,Walter B. Mahoney,John W. Pole,Edmund Platt,Henry Parker Willis,Bernard M. Baruch,Eugene Meyer,William P. G. Harding,George L. Harrison,George W. Norris,George J. Seay,and Richard C. Whitney","Box 16: Responses to the Depressionand(banking crisis); and Bank of Kentucky.Jouett Shouse,Henry Parker Willis,Henry B. Steagall,Eugene Meyer,Charles S. Hamlin,Milton S. Florsheim,Samuel M. Kaplan,and Elben C. Folkes","Box 17: Responses to the Depression and banking crisis; President Hoover Plan; Federal Land Banks; Wall Street bankers; bank failures; Bank of Kentucky; Federal Reserve Act authorship; Federal Farm Loan Act; Federal Home Loan; and Hoover moratorium. Bernard M. Baruch,Jouett Shouse,Richard C. Whitney,Charles S. Hamlin,Henry A. Moehlenpah,Millard E. Tydings,Henry Parker Willis,Andrew W. Mellon,Edmund Platt,Eugene Meyer,Russell C. Leffingwell,and Thomas B. McAdams","Box 18:Depression and banking crisis; Bank of Kentucky; Senate Committee on Banking and Currency Hearings; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; Nye Report; Pan American Finance Conference; Gold; Silver; and death of E. C. Glass. Elben C. Folkes,Al Kaplan,Herbert Hoover,Jouett Shouse,Charles S. Hamlin,George L. Harrison, Thorwald Siegfried, Eugene Meyer,and Pat H. Drewery","Box 19:Federal Home Loan Bank; Federal Land Bank of Baltimore; foreclosures; Glass-Steagall; and Henry Parker Willis articles in France on gold upsetting to colleagues.Franklin Delano Roosevelt,John W. Pole,Henry B. Steagall,Oliver J. Sands,Russell C. Leffingwell,Charles W. Collins,Charles S. Hamlin,and George L. Harrison","Box 20-24: Glass Steagall responses; and Glass speech on gold","Box 25: Glass-Steagall Act; Goldsborough Bill; gold standard; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; Joint Stock Land Banks;Revenue Act of 1932; responses to Carter Glass speech;praise for Carter Glass; bank failures; Banking study; Holiday proclamation by President Roosevelt; Funding for projects such as the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, and a bridge across the Potomac River; Herbert Hoover;Newton D. Baker;Russell C. Leffingwell;George L. Harrison; Eugene Meyer; Samuel Untermyer; Chester Morrill; George W. Norris; Richard S. Whaley;Princess Amelie Rives Troubetzkoy;James F. Byrnes;Louis Wiley; Robert J. Bulkley;John W. Owens;HenryParker Willis; and the Dallas Chamber of Commerce","Box 26: Responses to banking crisis and Depressionand criticism of Herbert Hoover","Box 27: Responses to Depression; McNary-Haugen Bill; Home Loan Bill; Emergency Farm Mortgage Act of 1933; Thomas Bill; Federal Reserve Amendment Section 10b; Glass-Steagall Banking Act; and Credit Report U.S. S. R. (George N. Peek).George L. Harrison,Chester Morrill,Russell C. Leffingwell,Louis T. McFadden,Emmanuel Kaplan,Hugh S. Johnson,and the National Recovery Act","Box 28: Glass-Steagall Act responses; Emergency Bank Bill; California banks; and Goldsborough Amendment. Edmund Platt and Frank A. Vanderlip","Box 29: Glass-Steagall Act responses, and Section 19 Statewide branch banking for national banks; Huey Long filibuster; bank guarantees; Charles E. Mitchell investigation; and continued moratorium on closing banks. Duncan U. Fletcher; Ferdinand Pecora; and Virginia Governor John Garland Pollard","Box 30: Gold, Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Senate Banking and Currency Committee investigation of J. P. Morgan; Glass-Steagall Banking Act; National Recovery Act; Emergency Banking Act relief; Morris Plan; and criticism of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Duncan U. Fletcher; and William Gibbs McAdoo","Box 31: Senate investigation of J. P. Morgan;Gold standard; Expand use of silver; stability of the dollar; praise for Carter Glass radio speech \"Facts about Fiscal Policy of Our Government During the Past Few Years\" and \"Shall We Go Over the Precipice?\" Duncan U. Fletcher; Edmund Platt; and Herbert L. Myrick","Box 32: Rsponses to Glass speech [\"Shall We Go Over the Precipice?\"] against Roosevelt inflation bill; Emergency Bank Bill; Bankruptcy legislation; Banking Act of 1935; Credit Union Act; Marriner S. Eccles as Governor of the Federal Reserve Board; Branchbanking; Bank of the United States; death of Eugerne R. Black; and Philippine currency. Charles S. Hamlin; Edmund Platt; George W. Norris; George L. Harrison; Herny Parker Willis; Paul M. Warburg; Henry B. Steagall; Clifton A. Woodrum; Edward W. Kemmerer;Rudolph Spreckels; Sam M. Kaplan; John Foster Dulles; Milton Friedman; T. F. Wentworth; Dean Acheson; Chester Morrill; Walter Wyatt; Eugene R. Black; James P. Warburg; and James Elliott Heath","Box 33: (Fletcher-Rayburn Bill, Kean Bill; National Securities Exchange Act, McLeod Bill, or the Banking Act of 1935); Federal Reserve Amendment Section 12b; Morris-Sheppard Bill; Chester Morrill; Thomas B. McAdams; William Gibbs McAdoo; Elmer Thomas; Henry Morgenthau, Jr.; Eugene Meyer; Duncan U. Fletcher; Jesse H. Jones; and Richard C. Whitney","Box 34: Banking Act of 1933; National Securities Exchange Act; Kean Bill; Fletcher-Rayburn Bill; misuse of the Federal Reserve System; de-evaluation of the dollar; and Gold Reserve Act","Box 35: Banking Act of 1935; Gold Reserve Act; Gold speech of Russell C. Leffingwell; National Recovery Act; Hugh S. Johnson; Kaplan Plan; Robert L. Owen inquiry; Huey Long; Goldsborough Amendment;Elmer Thomas; Charles S. Hamlin; George Wharton Pepper; Henry H. Heiman; Henry Parker Willis; George W. Norris; Duncan U. Fletcher; J. F. T. O'Connor; Robert D. Kent; Royal S. Copeland; Edward W. Kemmerer; and A. Willis Robertson","Box 36: Responses to the Banking Act of 1935; Harry Flood Byrd; Duncan U. Fletcher; A. Willis Robertson; Leo T. Crowley; Jesse H. Jones; Edmund Platt; Henry Morgenthau, Jr.; J. F. T. O'Connor; Thomas B. McAdams; and Thomas P. Gore","Box 37: Responses to the Banking Act of 1935; Glass concerns about Marriner S. Eccles as Governor of the Federal Reserve Board and criticism of government and political control of banking; Federal Reserve Act authorship; Goldsborough Amendment; Townsend Plan; A. H. Dobson; Frank A. Vanderlip; Irving Fisher; Walter Lichtenstein; Arthur Capper; Duncan U. Fletcher; Bennett Champ Clark; Thomas P. Gore; Henry Heiman; Thomas B. McAdams; Hollins N. Randolph; Hugo L. Black; and Thorwald Siegfried","Box 38: Banking Act of 1935; Gold clause; Comptroller of the Currency; silver; Robert L. Owen inquiry; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; repeal of Thomas Amendment; concern about Marriner S. Eccles as Governor of the Federal Reserve Board; portrait of John Skelton Williams; Edmund Platt; Agnes and Eugene Meyer; Chester Morrill; Robert F. Wagner; Kenneth D. McKellar; George L. Harrison; Harry S. Truman; George W. Norris; Henry Parker Willis; Henry Morgenthau, Jr.; Marriner S. Eccles and Russell C. Leffingwell(Treasury and Nye Report)","Box 39: Repeal Thomas Amendment; Branch banking; Bankhead-Jones Farm Act; Federal Land Bank of Baltimore Bank Holding companies; and Reconstruction Finance Corporation.William Gibbs McAdoo,Edmund Platt,Thomas B. McAdams,Henry Heiman,Jesse H. Jones,Henry Morgenthau, Jr.,Robert L. Owen,and the death of Henry Parker Willis","Box 40: Henry Parker Willis Foundation; Federal Reserve Act anniversary; J. F. T. O'Connor resignation; misuse of the Federal Reserve System; Robert L. Owen and Carter Glass accusations against Marriner S. Eccles; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; Clayton Act; Mead Bill; De-evaluation of the dollar;silver program; Gold Act; Home Owners Loan Corporation Act; Self-liquidating Bill; and Barden Bill.Edmund Platt,Jesse H. Jones, William Gibbs McAdoo,Henry Morgenthau, Jr.,Robert F. Wagner,and Marriner S. Eccles","Box 41: Tribute to Edmund Platt; Embargo Act; Banking and Currency Committee pending legislation; Branch banking; Silver Purchase Act; de-evaluation of the dollar; Trust Indenture Act (Robert F.Wagner); Bank Holding company; Jones Wheeler Bill; Federal Home Loan Bank Act; Clayton Act; Townsend Plan; FDIC; Pittman Amendment; Farm Relief Bill; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; Wagner Lea Bill; and disappointment with Marriner S. Eccles;Harry Flood Byrd,Jesse H. Jones,Henry Heiman,Frederic Delano,and Leo T. Crowley","Box 42: Tribute to Carter Glass; Banking and Currency Committee pending legislation; FDIC and excess profits tax; Federal Reserve Amendment Section 23; medal for Howard Hughes; American Palestine Committee (Robert F. Wagner); Farm credit; Credit Union Act; price control; Bank Holding Company; Reconstruction Finance Corporation; de-evaluation of the dollar Federal Reserve Act authorship; and criticism of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Cordell Hull; Walter Lichtenstein; Chester Morrill; Robert F. Wagner; and Leo T. Crowley"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:44:46.997Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_206.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/146110","title_filing_ssi":"Glass, Carter, papers","title_ssm":["Carter Glass Papers"],"title_tesim":["Carter Glass Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1820-1946"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1820-1946"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 2913","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/206"],"text":["MSS 2913","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/206","Carter Glass Papers","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Banks and banking -- United States","Judges -- Selection and appointment","Depressions -- 1929 -- United States","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","This collection is open for research. Restrictions apply to veterans claims.","The collection is arranged into four series: Series 1. Banking: Subseries banking correspondence,  banking printed, Series 2. Correspondence: Subseries legislative, military, political, topical, greeting cards, business and related cards, honors, constituent (patronage, praise),veterans claim (restricted), and veterinary (farming), Series 3. Manuscripts and miscellaneous, Series 4. Printed and miscellaneous: Subseries newspaper clippings, articles, bills, reports and photographs, speeches, and election tickets. ","Due to the large size of this collection these categories are meant as general guidelines and some cross over of subjects can be expected throughout the series. Similarly,further searching may be necessary if an area of research is not found in the identified series of the guide, for example military correspondence is located chronologically throughout the collection and as a subseries.","Series 1 Banking Correspondence is in boxes 1-43, 171-177; Banking Printed is in boxes 44-47; Series 2 Correspondence: Legislative Correspondence is in boxes 47-105, 178-180; Military Correspondence is in boxes 105-109; Political Correspondence is in boxes 109-143, 180-183; Topical Correspondence is in boxes 143-169; 183-193; Greeting Cards are in boxes 169-170; Honors are in box 170; Constituent Correspondence is in boxes 194-220; Patronage Correspondence is in boxes 220-249; Praise for Carter Glass is in boxes 250-258; Invitations are in boxes 259-264; Veteran's Claims (restricted) are in boxes 265-268; Veterinarian and farming (cows) are in box 269; Series 3 Manuscripts and Miscellaneous are in box 270; Series 4 Printed(including newspaper articles, photographs, and speeches) are in boxes 271-279; Letterbooks for 1918-1919 are in boxes 281-282."," Carter Glass (January 4, 1858 – May 28, 1946) was born on January 4, 1858, in Lynchburg, Virginia, to Robert Henry Glass and Augusta Elizabeth Christian. He became a newspaper publisher (like his father)and after hearing a speech by William Jenning Bryan in 1896, entered politics in 1902 as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives and was re-elected to eight terms. He was a United States Senator from Lynchburg, Virginia from 1920 until his death in 1946.  In 1913, he became Chairman of the House Committee on Banking and Currency, where he worked with President Woodrow Wilson to pass the Glass-Owen Federal Reserve Act and he went on to pass the Glass-Steagall Act in 1932 and the Banking Act in 1933 that made banking more stable in the United States. In 1918, President Wilson appointed him Secretary of the Treasury, where he marketed Victory Liberty Loans for World War I debts.  At the 1920 Democratic National Convention Glass was nominated for President of the United States. Many of his supporters have said that at 5'4 inches tall, his speeches and political prowess made him seem larger than life.","Carter Glass became an apprentice printer to his father when he was 13 years old, and continued his education through reading literature in his father's library. At the age of 22, Glass became a reporter, a job he had long sought, for the \"Lynchburg News\". He rose to become the morning newspaper's editor by 1887. After acquiring the afternoon \"Daily Advance\", the competing \"Daily Republican\",  he became Lynchburg's sole newspaper publisher. The \"Lynchburg News and Advance\" is the successor publication to his newspapers. ","  Carter Glass played a major role in the establishment of the U.S. financial regulatory system, helping to establish the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. He co-sponsored the 1933 Banking Act, also known as the Glass–Steagall Act, which created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and enforced the separation of investment banking firms and commercial banks. His banking reforms (Banking Act of 1913, Glass Steagall Act 1932, Banking Act of 1933) earned him gratitude across the country, landing him on the cover of Time Magazine twice, and honoring him with many degrees from universities.  Prior to Glass's reforms, the country's banking system was chaotic and regulated by bankers. The Glass-Steagall bill restricted banks from engaging in invesment banking. The country had suffered eight recessions between 1890 and 1914. Portions of the Glass-Steagall bill were repealed in 1999, allowing banks to combine their own investment activity with commercial banking and possibly contributing to the recession in 2008.\n ","Not as well-publicized was Carter Glass's lifelong opposition to voting rights for African Americans. One of Glass's first political exploits was helping craft the revised 1902 Virginia Constitution to bar [African American] citizens from voting. The 1902 Constitution instituted a poll tax and required bulk payment after a voter missed elections, making voting a luxury. The Constitution also required that voters pass a literacy test with their performance graded by the registrar. When questioned as to whether these measures were potentially discriminatory, Glass exclaimed, \"Discrimination! Why that is exactly what we propose. To remove every [African American] voter who can be gotten rid of, legally, without materially impairing the numerical strength of the white electorate.\" Indeed, the number of African Americans qualified to vote dropped from 147,000 to 21,000 immediately. More than 50 years after it was ratified, the Lynchburg senator remained opposed to the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which granted African Americans the right to vote. He said in the 1920's it \"constituted an attempt to destroy white civilization in nearly one-third of the nation and to erect on its ruins an Ethiopian state ignorant, profligate, corrupt, controlled by manumitted slaves.\" Glass was in step with his white constituents in Virginia, where African Americans did not receive equal voting rights until the 1960s. In 1928, during a debate involving prohibition, Glass said, \"people of the original thirteen Southern States curse and deride and spit upon the Fifteenth Amendment — and have no intention of letting the [African American] vote\" all the while maintaining Virginia was complying with the law.","\nCarter Glass remained one of the strongest advocates of segregation and continued to dedicate much of his political career to the perpetuation of Jim Crow laws in the South. He sponsored massive resistance legislation along with Virginia Senator Harry F. Byrd of Winchester, another Virginia newspaperman who shared many of Glass's political views. Both Glass and Byrd were opposed to Roosevelt's New Deal policies. Each was a strong supporter of fiscal conservatism and states' rights. Carter Glass supported President Roosevelt but later criticized his policies, including the New Deal, attempts to pack the Supreme Court, third term presidency, and nominations for Federal Judgeships.","Glass had suffered from ill health throughout his life, and usually walked on tip toes because he believed that would help with his indigestion. He kept his seat in his final term in the Senate even though he was not able to be in attendance. He died in his hotel apartment in Washington, D.C., on May 28, 1946. His funeral in Lynchburg was attended by the Chief Justice, the Secretary of State, 11 Senators, 11 House members, and other notables. History remembers Carter Glass as the Father of the Federal Reserve Act but today history also considers his role in the 1902 Constitution that disenfranchised virtually every black voter in the state. The reduction in African American votes helped him politically and put him in a postion to create the banking reform legislation. Nationally, Glass might have been the architect of financial reform that stabilized the nation's banking system, but at home, historian J. Douglas Smith calls him, \"the architect of disenfranchisement in the Old Dominion.\" Harvard University named their business school, Glass House, after Carter Glass achievements in banking, but they have now changed the name to Cash House, for James Cash, the first African American tenured professor at Harvard.","Sources: \nWikipedia\nJoe Stinnett, retired editor of The News \u0026 Advance and The Roanoke Times.\nThe Roanoke Times","The Carter Glass papers, 1820-1946, 141 cubic feet, consist of correspondence, manuscripts, newspaper articles, photographs, speeches, and printed materials from his work in the Banking and Currency Committee, the Secretary of the Treasury (1918-1920), and the United States Senate (1920-1946). Subjects include: The Federal Reserve Banking Act of 1913, the Federal Reserve system, and the Banking Act of 1933 (1932 Glass-Steagall Act).  ","Other topics include international, national and state issues reflected in the politics of this time period including opposition to the National Industrial Recovery Act; National Labor Relations Act; Bank Holding Company Bill; Office of Price Administration; World Wars I and II; League of Nations; World Court; Democratic Party platforms and policies; presidential elections of 1912, 1920, 1924, 1928, and 1940; Senator Huey P. Long; Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal; attempted packing of the Supreme Court; neutrality legislation; disarmament; regulation of the coal industry; (business) products and services; child labor; anti-lynching law; immigration restriction (especially Chinese in Hawaii); Muscle Shoals; trade with Russia; diplomatic relations with the Vatican; Four-Power Treaty; soldiers' bonus bill; tariffs and protectionism; and national defense.","Virginia topics of concern to Glass or his constituents include poll tax elimination; African American suffrage; women's suffrage; highways; intrastate commerce; University of Virginia Board of Visitors;  Woodrow Wilson Foundation; national Patrick Henry shrine at \"Red Hill\"; gubernatorial election of 1924; Bishop James Cannon, Jr., prohibition and the Anti-saloon League; Skyline Drive; Spotsylvania Battlefield Park; Virginia Fight For Freedom Committee; operation of the Lynchburg News and Advance; and patronage requests from Lynchburg, Roanoke, and Bedford, Campbell, Floyd, Montgomery, and Roanoke Counties, Va.","Miscellaneous items of interest include a letter describing the early life of Booker T. Washington, election tickets for 1848, a 1906 recipe book, and letters concerning Glass' belief in the Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship.","Among the many correspondents are Edwin A. Alderman, Newton Baker, Ray Stannard Baker, Alben Barkley, Bernard Baruch, William E. Borah, Chester Bowles, John Stewart Bryan, William Jennings Bryan, Harry F. Byrd, Richard E. Byrd, Calvin Coolidge, John W. Daniel, Josephus Daniels, Colgate W. Darden, Westmoreland Davis, Frederic A. Delano, the Democratic National Committee, Marriner S. Eccles, James A. Farley, Henry Ford, Douglas Southall Freeman, James A. Garfield, Samuel Gompers, Cary T. Grayson, Charles S. Hamlin, William P.G. Harding, Warren G. Harding, George L. Harrison, J. Edgar Hoover,Herbert Hoover, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, Harold Ickes, Hugh S. Johnson, Jesse Jones, Joseph P. Kennedy, Russell C. Leffingwell, Walter Lippmann, Huey Long, William Gibbs McAdoo, George Walter Mapp, Andrew Mellon, Eugene and Agnes Meyer, Andrew J. Montague, R. Walton Moore, Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Robert L. Owen, George C. Peery, Edmund Platt, John Garland Pollard, A. Willis Robertson, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Dave E. Satterfield, C. Bascom Slemp, Rixey Smith, Billy Sunday, Claude A. Swanson, Harry S. Truman, Joseph P. Tumulty, Oscar W. Underwood, Samuel Untermeyer, Arthur H. Vandenberg, Robert F. Wagner, Henry A. Wallace, Paul Moritz Warburg, Richard S. Whaley, William Allen White, John Skelton Williams, Henry Parker Willis, , Edith Bolling Wilson, Woodrow Wilson, Clifton A. Woodrum, and Walter Wyatt.","There are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 2913","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/206"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carter Glass Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carter Glass Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Carter Glass Papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from the Glass family to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia in 1948."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Banks and banking -- United States","Judges -- Selection and appointment","Depressions -- 1929 -- United States","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Banks and banking -- United States","Judges -- Selection and appointment","Depressions -- 1929 -- United States","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["141 Cubic Feet 285 document boxes, 3 oversize flat boxes"],"extent_tesim":["141 Cubic Feet 285 document boxes, 3 oversize flat boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Restrictions apply to veterans claims.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Restrictions apply to veterans claims."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four series: Series 1. Banking: Subseries banking correspondence,  banking printed, Series 2. Correspondence: Subseries legislative, military, political, topical, greeting cards, business and related cards, honors, constituent (patronage, praise),veterans claim (restricted), and veterinary (farming), Series 3. Manuscripts and miscellaneous, Series 4. Printed and miscellaneous: Subseries newspaper clippings, articles, bills, reports and photographs, speeches, and election tickets. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDue to the large size of this collection these categories are meant as general guidelines and some cross over of subjects can be expected throughout the series. Similarly,further searching may be necessary if an area of research is not found in the identified series of the guide, for example military correspondence is located chronologically throughout the collection and as a subseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 Banking Correspondence is in boxes 1-43, 171-177; Banking Printed is in boxes 44-47; Series 2 Correspondence: Legislative Correspondence is in boxes 47-105, 178-180; Military Correspondence is in boxes 105-109; Political Correspondence is in boxes 109-143, 180-183; Topical Correspondence is in boxes 143-169; 183-193; Greeting Cards are in boxes 169-170; Honors are in box 170; Constituent Correspondence is in boxes 194-220; Patronage Correspondence is in boxes 220-249; Praise for Carter Glass is in boxes 250-258; Invitations are in boxes 259-264; Veteran's Claims (restricted) are in boxes 265-268; Veterinarian and farming (cows) are in box 269; Series 3 Manuscripts and Miscellaneous are in box 270; Series 4 Printed(including newspaper articles, photographs, and speeches) are in boxes 271-279; Letterbooks for 1918-1919 are in boxes 281-282.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four series: Series 1. Banking: Subseries banking correspondence,  banking printed, Series 2. Correspondence: Subseries legislative, military, political, topical, greeting cards, business and related cards, honors, constituent (patronage, praise),veterans claim (restricted), and veterinary (farming), Series 3. Manuscripts and miscellaneous, Series 4. Printed and miscellaneous: Subseries newspaper clippings, articles, bills, reports and photographs, speeches, and election tickets. ","Due to the large size of this collection these categories are meant as general guidelines and some cross over of subjects can be expected throughout the series. Similarly,further searching may be necessary if an area of research is not found in the identified series of the guide, for example military correspondence is located chronologically throughout the collection and as a subseries.","Series 1 Banking Correspondence is in boxes 1-43, 171-177; Banking Printed is in boxes 44-47; Series 2 Correspondence: Legislative Correspondence is in boxes 47-105, 178-180; Military Correspondence is in boxes 105-109; Political Correspondence is in boxes 109-143, 180-183; Topical Correspondence is in boxes 143-169; 183-193; Greeting Cards are in boxes 169-170; Honors are in box 170; Constituent Correspondence is in boxes 194-220; Patronage Correspondence is in boxes 220-249; Praise for Carter Glass is in boxes 250-258; Invitations are in boxes 259-264; Veteran's Claims (restricted) are in boxes 265-268; Veterinarian and farming (cows) are in box 269; Series 3 Manuscripts and Miscellaneous are in box 270; Series 4 Printed(including newspaper articles, photographs, and speeches) are in boxes 271-279; Letterbooks for 1918-1919 are in boxes 281-282."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e Carter Glass (January 4, 1858 – May 28, 1946) was born on January 4, 1858, in Lynchburg, Virginia, to Robert Henry Glass and Augusta Elizabeth Christian. He became a newspaper publisher (like his father)and after hearing a speech by William Jenning Bryan in 1896, entered politics in 1902 as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives and was re-elected to eight terms. He was a United States Senator from Lynchburg, Virginia from 1920 until his death in 1946.  In 1913, he became Chairman of the House Committee on Banking and Currency, where he worked with President Woodrow Wilson to pass the Glass-Owen Federal Reserve Act and he went on to pass the Glass-Steagall Act in 1932 and the Banking Act in 1933 that made banking more stable in the United States. In 1918, President Wilson appointed him Secretary of the Treasury, where he marketed Victory Liberty Loans for World War I debts.  At the 1920 Democratic National Convention Glass was nominated for President of the United States. Many of his supporters have said that at 5'4 inches tall, his speeches and political prowess made him seem larger than life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCarter Glass became an apprentice printer to his father when he was 13 years old, and continued his education through reading literature in his father's library. At the age of 22, Glass became a reporter, a job he had long sought, for the \"Lynchburg News\". He rose to become the morning newspaper's editor by 1887. After acquiring the afternoon \"Daily Advance\", the competing \"Daily Republican\",  he became Lynchburg's sole newspaper publisher. The \"Lynchburg News and Advance\" is the successor publication to his newspapers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Carter Glass played a major role in the establishment of the U.S. financial regulatory system, helping to establish the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. He co-sponsored the 1933 Banking Act, also known as the Glass–Steagall Act, which created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and enforced the separation of investment banking firms and commercial banks. His banking reforms (Banking Act of 1913, Glass Steagall Act 1932, Banking Act of 1933) earned him gratitude across the country, landing him on the cover of Time Magazine twice, and honoring him with many degrees from universities.  Prior to Glass's reforms, the country's banking system was chaotic and regulated by bankers. The Glass-Steagall bill restricted banks from engaging in invesment banking. The country had suffered eight recessions between 1890 and 1914. Portions of the Glass-Steagall bill were repealed in 1999, allowing banks to combine their own investment activity with commercial banking and possibly contributing to the recession in 2008.\n \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNot as well-publicized was Carter Glass's lifelong opposition to voting rights for African Americans. One of Glass's first political exploits was helping craft the revised 1902 Virginia Constitution to bar [African American] citizens from voting. The 1902 Constitution instituted a poll tax and required bulk payment after a voter missed elections, making voting a luxury. The Constitution also required that voters pass a literacy test with their performance graded by the registrar. When questioned as to whether these measures were potentially discriminatory, Glass exclaimed, \"Discrimination! Why that is exactly what we propose. To remove every [African American] voter who can be gotten rid of, legally, without materially impairing the numerical strength of the white electorate.\" Indeed, the number of African Americans qualified to vote dropped from 147,000 to 21,000 immediately. More than 50 years after it was ratified, the Lynchburg senator remained opposed to the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which granted African Americans the right to vote. He said in the 1920's it \"constituted an attempt to destroy white civilization in nearly one-third of the nation and to erect on its ruins an Ethiopian state ignorant, profligate, corrupt, controlled by manumitted slaves.\" Glass was in step with his white constituents in Virginia, where African Americans did not receive equal voting rights until the 1960s. In 1928, during a debate involving prohibition, Glass said, \"people of the original thirteen Southern States curse and deride and spit upon the Fifteenth Amendment — and have no intention of letting the [African American] vote\" all the while maintaining Virginia was complying with the law.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCarter Glass remained one of the strongest advocates of segregation and continued to dedicate much of his political career to the perpetuation of Jim Crow laws in the South. He sponsored massive resistance legislation along with Virginia Senator Harry F. Byrd of Winchester, another Virginia newspaperman who shared many of Glass's political views. Both Glass and Byrd were opposed to Roosevelt's New Deal policies. Each was a strong supporter of fiscal conservatism and states' rights. Carter Glass supported President Roosevelt but later criticized his policies, including the New Deal, attempts to pack the Supreme Court, third term presidency, and nominations for Federal Judgeships.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGlass had suffered from ill health throughout his life, and usually walked on tip toes because he believed that would help with his indigestion. He kept his seat in his final term in the Senate even though he was not able to be in attendance. He died in his hotel apartment in Washington, D.C., on May 28, 1946. His funeral in Lynchburg was attended by the Chief Justice, the Secretary of State, 11 Senators, 11 House members, and other notables. History remembers Carter Glass as the Father of the Federal Reserve Act but today history also considers his role in the 1902 Constitution that disenfranchised virtually every black voter in the state. The reduction in African American votes helped him politically and put him in a postion to create the banking reform legislation. Nationally, Glass might have been the architect of financial reform that stabilized the nation's banking system, but at home, historian J. Douglas Smith calls him, \"the architect of disenfranchisement in the Old Dominion.\" Harvard University named their business school, Glass House, after Carter Glass achievements in banking, but they have now changed the name to Cash House, for James Cash, the first African American tenured professor at Harvard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources: \nWikipedia\nJoe Stinnett, retired editor of The News \u0026amp; Advance and The Roanoke Times.\nThe Roanoke Times\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":[" Carter Glass (January 4, 1858 – May 28, 1946) was born on January 4, 1858, in Lynchburg, Virginia, to Robert Henry Glass and Augusta Elizabeth Christian. He became a newspaper publisher (like his father)and after hearing a speech by William Jenning Bryan in 1896, entered politics in 1902 as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives and was re-elected to eight terms. He was a United States Senator from Lynchburg, Virginia from 1920 until his death in 1946.  In 1913, he became Chairman of the House Committee on Banking and Currency, where he worked with President Woodrow Wilson to pass the Glass-Owen Federal Reserve Act and he went on to pass the Glass-Steagall Act in 1932 and the Banking Act in 1933 that made banking more stable in the United States. In 1918, President Wilson appointed him Secretary of the Treasury, where he marketed Victory Liberty Loans for World War I debts.  At the 1920 Democratic National Convention Glass was nominated for President of the United States. Many of his supporters have said that at 5'4 inches tall, his speeches and political prowess made him seem larger than life.","Carter Glass became an apprentice printer to his father when he was 13 years old, and continued his education through reading literature in his father's library. At the age of 22, Glass became a reporter, a job he had long sought, for the \"Lynchburg News\". He rose to become the morning newspaper's editor by 1887. After acquiring the afternoon \"Daily Advance\", the competing \"Daily Republican\",  he became Lynchburg's sole newspaper publisher. The \"Lynchburg News and Advance\" is the successor publication to his newspapers. ","  Carter Glass played a major role in the establishment of the U.S. financial regulatory system, helping to establish the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. He co-sponsored the 1933 Banking Act, also known as the Glass–Steagall Act, which created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and enforced the separation of investment banking firms and commercial banks. His banking reforms (Banking Act of 1913, Glass Steagall Act 1932, Banking Act of 1933) earned him gratitude across the country, landing him on the cover of Time Magazine twice, and honoring him with many degrees from universities.  Prior to Glass's reforms, the country's banking system was chaotic and regulated by bankers. The Glass-Steagall bill restricted banks from engaging in invesment banking. The country had suffered eight recessions between 1890 and 1914. Portions of the Glass-Steagall bill were repealed in 1999, allowing banks to combine their own investment activity with commercial banking and possibly contributing to the recession in 2008.\n ","Not as well-publicized was Carter Glass's lifelong opposition to voting rights for African Americans. One of Glass's first political exploits was helping craft the revised 1902 Virginia Constitution to bar [African American] citizens from voting. The 1902 Constitution instituted a poll tax and required bulk payment after a voter missed elections, making voting a luxury. The Constitution also required that voters pass a literacy test with their performance graded by the registrar. When questioned as to whether these measures were potentially discriminatory, Glass exclaimed, \"Discrimination! Why that is exactly what we propose. To remove every [African American] voter who can be gotten rid of, legally, without materially impairing the numerical strength of the white electorate.\" Indeed, the number of African Americans qualified to vote dropped from 147,000 to 21,000 immediately. More than 50 years after it was ratified, the Lynchburg senator remained opposed to the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which granted African Americans the right to vote. He said in the 1920's it \"constituted an attempt to destroy white civilization in nearly one-third of the nation and to erect on its ruins an Ethiopian state ignorant, profligate, corrupt, controlled by manumitted slaves.\" Glass was in step with his white constituents in Virginia, where African Americans did not receive equal voting rights until the 1960s. In 1928, during a debate involving prohibition, Glass said, \"people of the original thirteen Southern States curse and deride and spit upon the Fifteenth Amendment — and have no intention of letting the [African American] vote\" all the while maintaining Virginia was complying with the law.","\nCarter Glass remained one of the strongest advocates of segregation and continued to dedicate much of his political career to the perpetuation of Jim Crow laws in the South. He sponsored massive resistance legislation along with Virginia Senator Harry F. Byrd of Winchester, another Virginia newspaperman who shared many of Glass's political views. Both Glass and Byrd were opposed to Roosevelt's New Deal policies. Each was a strong supporter of fiscal conservatism and states' rights. Carter Glass supported President Roosevelt but later criticized his policies, including the New Deal, attempts to pack the Supreme Court, third term presidency, and nominations for Federal Judgeships.","Glass had suffered from ill health throughout his life, and usually walked on tip toes because he believed that would help with his indigestion. He kept his seat in his final term in the Senate even though he was not able to be in attendance. He died in his hotel apartment in Washington, D.C., on May 28, 1946. His funeral in Lynchburg was attended by the Chief Justice, the Secretary of State, 11 Senators, 11 House members, and other notables. History remembers Carter Glass as the Father of the Federal Reserve Act but today history also considers his role in the 1902 Constitution that disenfranchised virtually every black voter in the state. The reduction in African American votes helped him politically and put him in a postion to create the banking reform legislation. Nationally, Glass might have been the architect of financial reform that stabilized the nation's banking system, but at home, historian J. Douglas Smith calls him, \"the architect of disenfranchisement in the Old Dominion.\" Harvard University named their business school, Glass House, after Carter Glass achievements in banking, but they have now changed the name to Cash House, for James Cash, the first African American tenured professor at Harvard.","Sources: \nWikipedia\nJoe Stinnett, retired editor of The News \u0026 Advance and The Roanoke Times.\nThe Roanoke Times"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 2913, Carter Glass papers, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 2913, Carter Glass papers, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carter Glass papers, 1820-1946, 141 cubic feet, consist of correspondence, manuscripts, newspaper articles, photographs, speeches, and printed materials from his work in the Banking and Currency Committee, the Secretary of the Treasury (1918-1920), and the United States Senate (1920-1946). Subjects include: The Federal Reserve Banking Act of 1913, the Federal Reserve system, and the Banking Act of 1933 (1932 Glass-Steagall Act).  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther topics include international, national and state issues reflected in the politics of this time period including opposition to the National Industrial Recovery Act; National Labor Relations Act; Bank Holding Company Bill; Office of Price Administration; World Wars I and II; League of Nations; World Court; Democratic Party platforms and policies; presidential elections of 1912, 1920, 1924, 1928, and 1940; Senator Huey P. Long; Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal; attempted packing of the Supreme Court; neutrality legislation; disarmament; regulation of the coal industry; (business) products and services; child labor; anti-lynching law; immigration restriction (especially Chinese in Hawaii); Muscle Shoals; trade with Russia; diplomatic relations with the Vatican; Four-Power Treaty; soldiers' bonus bill; tariffs and protectionism; and national defense.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVirginia topics of concern to Glass or his constituents include poll tax elimination; African American suffrage; women's suffrage; highways; intrastate commerce; University of Virginia Board of Visitors;  Woodrow Wilson Foundation; national Patrick Henry shrine at \"Red Hill\"; gubernatorial election of 1924; Bishop James Cannon, Jr., prohibition and the Anti-saloon League; Skyline Drive; Spotsylvania Battlefield Park; Virginia Fight For Freedom Committee; operation of the Lynchburg News and Advance; and patronage requests from Lynchburg, Roanoke, and Bedford, Campbell, Floyd, Montgomery, and Roanoke Counties, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous items of interest include a letter describing the early life of Booker T. Washington, election tickets for 1848, a 1906 recipe book, and letters concerning Glass' belief in the Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmong the many correspondents are Edwin A. Alderman, Newton Baker, Ray Stannard Baker, Alben Barkley, Bernard Baruch, William E. Borah, Chester Bowles, John Stewart Bryan, William Jennings Bryan, Harry F. Byrd, Richard E. Byrd, Calvin Coolidge, John W. Daniel, Josephus Daniels, Colgate W. Darden, Westmoreland Davis, Frederic A. Delano, the Democratic National Committee, Marriner S. Eccles, James A. Farley, Henry Ford, Douglas Southall Freeman, James A. Garfield, Samuel Gompers, Cary T. Grayson, Charles S. Hamlin, William P.G. Harding, Warren G. Harding, George L. Harrison, J. Edgar Hoover,Herbert Hoover, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, Harold Ickes, Hugh S. Johnson, Jesse Jones, Joseph P. Kennedy, Russell C. Leffingwell, Walter Lippmann, Huey Long, William Gibbs McAdoo, George Walter Mapp, Andrew Mellon, Eugene and Agnes Meyer, Andrew J. Montague, R. Walton Moore, Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Robert L. Owen, George C. Peery, Edmund Platt, John Garland Pollard, A. Willis Robertson, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Dave E. Satterfield, C. Bascom Slemp, Rixey Smith, Billy Sunday, Claude A. Swanson, Harry S. Truman, Joseph P. Tumulty, Oscar W. Underwood, Samuel Untermeyer, Arthur H. Vandenberg, Robert F. Wagner, Henry A. Wallace, Paul Moritz Warburg, Richard S. Whaley, William Allen White, John Skelton Williams, Henry Parker Willis, , Edith Bolling Wilson, Woodrow Wilson, Clifton A. Woodrum, and Walter Wyatt.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carter Glass papers, 1820-1946, 141 cubic feet, consist of correspondence, manuscripts, newspaper articles, photographs, speeches, and printed materials from his work in the Banking and Currency Committee, the Secretary of the Treasury (1918-1920), and the United States Senate (1920-1946). Subjects include: The Federal Reserve Banking Act of 1913, the Federal Reserve system, and the Banking Act of 1933 (1932 Glass-Steagall Act).  ","Other topics include international, national and state issues reflected in the politics of this time period including opposition to the National Industrial Recovery Act; National Labor Relations Act; Bank Holding Company Bill; Office of Price Administration; World Wars I and II; League of Nations; World Court; Democratic Party platforms and policies; presidential elections of 1912, 1920, 1924, 1928, and 1940; Senator Huey P. Long; Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal; attempted packing of the Supreme Court; neutrality legislation; disarmament; regulation of the coal industry; (business) products and services; child labor; anti-lynching law; immigration restriction (especially Chinese in Hawaii); Muscle Shoals; trade with Russia; diplomatic relations with the Vatican; Four-Power Treaty; soldiers' bonus bill; tariffs and protectionism; and national defense.","Virginia topics of concern to Glass or his constituents include poll tax elimination; African American suffrage; women's suffrage; highways; intrastate commerce; University of Virginia Board of Visitors;  Woodrow Wilson Foundation; national Patrick Henry shrine at \"Red Hill\"; gubernatorial election of 1924; Bishop James Cannon, Jr., prohibition and the Anti-saloon League; Skyline Drive; Spotsylvania Battlefield Park; Virginia Fight For Freedom Committee; operation of the Lynchburg News and Advance; and patronage requests from Lynchburg, Roanoke, and Bedford, Campbell, Floyd, Montgomery, and Roanoke Counties, Va.","Miscellaneous items of interest include a letter describing the early life of Booker T. Washington, election tickets for 1848, a 1906 recipe book, and letters concerning Glass' belief in the Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship.","Among the many correspondents are Edwin A. Alderman, Newton Baker, Ray Stannard Baker, Alben Barkley, Bernard Baruch, William E. Borah, Chester Bowles, John Stewart Bryan, William Jennings Bryan, Harry F. Byrd, Richard E. Byrd, Calvin Coolidge, John W. Daniel, Josephus Daniels, Colgate W. Darden, Westmoreland Davis, Frederic A. Delano, the Democratic National Committee, Marriner S. Eccles, James A. Farley, Henry Ford, Douglas Southall Freeman, James A. Garfield, Samuel Gompers, Cary T. Grayson, Charles S. Hamlin, William P.G. Harding, Warren G. Harding, George L. Harrison, J. Edgar Hoover,Herbert Hoover, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, Harold Ickes, Hugh S. Johnson, Jesse Jones, Joseph P. Kennedy, Russell C. Leffingwell, Walter Lippmann, Huey Long, William Gibbs McAdoo, George Walter Mapp, Andrew Mellon, Eugene and Agnes Meyer, Andrew J. Montague, R. Walton Moore, Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Robert L. Owen, George C. Peery, Edmund Platt, John Garland Pollard, A. Willis Robertson, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Dave E. Satterfield, C. Bascom Slemp, Rixey Smith, Billy Sunday, Claude A. Swanson, Harry S. Truman, Joseph P. Tumulty, Oscar W. Underwood, Samuel Untermeyer, Arthur H. Vandenberg, Robert F. Wagner, Henry A. Wallace, Paul Moritz Warburg, Richard S. Whaley, William Allen White, John Skelton Williams, Henry Parker Willis, , Edith Bolling Wilson, Woodrow Wilson, Clifton A. Woodrum, and Walter Wyatt."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4648,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:44:46.997Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01_c01"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Banking Printed","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01_c02","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01_c02"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01_c02","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_206","viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_206","viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carter Glass Papers","Series 1. Banking"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carter Glass Papers","Series 1. Banking"],"text":["Carter Glass Papers","Series 1. Banking","Banking Printed","English"],"title_filing_ssi":"Banking Printed","title_ssm":["Banking Printed"],"title_tesim":["Banking Printed"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1910-1939"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1910/1939"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Banking Printed"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Carter Glass Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":144,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":840,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Restrictions apply to veterans claims."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims."],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939],"language_ssim":["English"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:44:46.997Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_206.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/146110","title_filing_ssi":"Glass, Carter, papers","title_ssm":["Carter Glass Papers"],"title_tesim":["Carter Glass Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1820-1946"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1820-1946"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 2913","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/206"],"text":["MSS 2913","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/206","Carter Glass Papers","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Banks and banking -- United States","Judges -- Selection and appointment","Depressions -- 1929 -- United States","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","This collection is open for research. Restrictions apply to veterans claims.","The collection is arranged into four series: Series 1. Banking: Subseries banking correspondence,  banking printed, Series 2. Correspondence: Subseries legislative, military, political, topical, greeting cards, business and related cards, honors, constituent (patronage, praise),veterans claim (restricted), and veterinary (farming), Series 3. Manuscripts and miscellaneous, Series 4. Printed and miscellaneous: Subseries newspaper clippings, articles, bills, reports and photographs, speeches, and election tickets. ","Due to the large size of this collection these categories are meant as general guidelines and some cross over of subjects can be expected throughout the series. Similarly,further searching may be necessary if an area of research is not found in the identified series of the guide, for example military correspondence is located chronologically throughout the collection and as a subseries.","Series 1 Banking Correspondence is in boxes 1-43, 171-177; Banking Printed is in boxes 44-47; Series 2 Correspondence: Legislative Correspondence is in boxes 47-105, 178-180; Military Correspondence is in boxes 105-109; Political Correspondence is in boxes 109-143, 180-183; Topical Correspondence is in boxes 143-169; 183-193; Greeting Cards are in boxes 169-170; Honors are in box 170; Constituent Correspondence is in boxes 194-220; Patronage Correspondence is in boxes 220-249; Praise for Carter Glass is in boxes 250-258; Invitations are in boxes 259-264; Veteran's Claims (restricted) are in boxes 265-268; Veterinarian and farming (cows) are in box 269; Series 3 Manuscripts and Miscellaneous are in box 270; Series 4 Printed(including newspaper articles, photographs, and speeches) are in boxes 271-279; Letterbooks for 1918-1919 are in boxes 281-282."," Carter Glass (January 4, 1858 – May 28, 1946) was born on January 4, 1858, in Lynchburg, Virginia, to Robert Henry Glass and Augusta Elizabeth Christian. He became a newspaper publisher (like his father)and after hearing a speech by William Jenning Bryan in 1896, entered politics in 1902 as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives and was re-elected to eight terms. He was a United States Senator from Lynchburg, Virginia from 1920 until his death in 1946.  In 1913, he became Chairman of the House Committee on Banking and Currency, where he worked with President Woodrow Wilson to pass the Glass-Owen Federal Reserve Act and he went on to pass the Glass-Steagall Act in 1932 and the Banking Act in 1933 that made banking more stable in the United States. In 1918, President Wilson appointed him Secretary of the Treasury, where he marketed Victory Liberty Loans for World War I debts.  At the 1920 Democratic National Convention Glass was nominated for President of the United States. Many of his supporters have said that at 5'4 inches tall, his speeches and political prowess made him seem larger than life.","Carter Glass became an apprentice printer to his father when he was 13 years old, and continued his education through reading literature in his father's library. At the age of 22, Glass became a reporter, a job he had long sought, for the \"Lynchburg News\". He rose to become the morning newspaper's editor by 1887. After acquiring the afternoon \"Daily Advance\", the competing \"Daily Republican\",  he became Lynchburg's sole newspaper publisher. The \"Lynchburg News and Advance\" is the successor publication to his newspapers. ","  Carter Glass played a major role in the establishment of the U.S. financial regulatory system, helping to establish the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. He co-sponsored the 1933 Banking Act, also known as the Glass–Steagall Act, which created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and enforced the separation of investment banking firms and commercial banks. His banking reforms (Banking Act of 1913, Glass Steagall Act 1932, Banking Act of 1933) earned him gratitude across the country, landing him on the cover of Time Magazine twice, and honoring him with many degrees from universities.  Prior to Glass's reforms, the country's banking system was chaotic and regulated by bankers. The Glass-Steagall bill restricted banks from engaging in invesment banking. The country had suffered eight recessions between 1890 and 1914. Portions of the Glass-Steagall bill were repealed in 1999, allowing banks to combine their own investment activity with commercial banking and possibly contributing to the recession in 2008.\n ","Not as well-publicized was Carter Glass's lifelong opposition to voting rights for African Americans. One of Glass's first political exploits was helping craft the revised 1902 Virginia Constitution to bar [African American] citizens from voting. The 1902 Constitution instituted a poll tax and required bulk payment after a voter missed elections, making voting a luxury. The Constitution also required that voters pass a literacy test with their performance graded by the registrar. When questioned as to whether these measures were potentially discriminatory, Glass exclaimed, \"Discrimination! Why that is exactly what we propose. To remove every [African American] voter who can be gotten rid of, legally, without materially impairing the numerical strength of the white electorate.\" Indeed, the number of African Americans qualified to vote dropped from 147,000 to 21,000 immediately. More than 50 years after it was ratified, the Lynchburg senator remained opposed to the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which granted African Americans the right to vote. He said in the 1920's it \"constituted an attempt to destroy white civilization in nearly one-third of the nation and to erect on its ruins an Ethiopian state ignorant, profligate, corrupt, controlled by manumitted slaves.\" Glass was in step with his white constituents in Virginia, where African Americans did not receive equal voting rights until the 1960s. In 1928, during a debate involving prohibition, Glass said, \"people of the original thirteen Southern States curse and deride and spit upon the Fifteenth Amendment — and have no intention of letting the [African American] vote\" all the while maintaining Virginia was complying with the law.","\nCarter Glass remained one of the strongest advocates of segregation and continued to dedicate much of his political career to the perpetuation of Jim Crow laws in the South. He sponsored massive resistance legislation along with Virginia Senator Harry F. Byrd of Winchester, another Virginia newspaperman who shared many of Glass's political views. Both Glass and Byrd were opposed to Roosevelt's New Deal policies. Each was a strong supporter of fiscal conservatism and states' rights. Carter Glass supported President Roosevelt but later criticized his policies, including the New Deal, attempts to pack the Supreme Court, third term presidency, and nominations for Federal Judgeships.","Glass had suffered from ill health throughout his life, and usually walked on tip toes because he believed that would help with his indigestion. He kept his seat in his final term in the Senate even though he was not able to be in attendance. He died in his hotel apartment in Washington, D.C., on May 28, 1946. His funeral in Lynchburg was attended by the Chief Justice, the Secretary of State, 11 Senators, 11 House members, and other notables. History remembers Carter Glass as the Father of the Federal Reserve Act but today history also considers his role in the 1902 Constitution that disenfranchised virtually every black voter in the state. The reduction in African American votes helped him politically and put him in a postion to create the banking reform legislation. Nationally, Glass might have been the architect of financial reform that stabilized the nation's banking system, but at home, historian J. Douglas Smith calls him, \"the architect of disenfranchisement in the Old Dominion.\" Harvard University named their business school, Glass House, after Carter Glass achievements in banking, but they have now changed the name to Cash House, for James Cash, the first African American tenured professor at Harvard.","Sources: \nWikipedia\nJoe Stinnett, retired editor of The News \u0026 Advance and The Roanoke Times.\nThe Roanoke Times","The Carter Glass papers, 1820-1946, 141 cubic feet, consist of correspondence, manuscripts, newspaper articles, photographs, speeches, and printed materials from his work in the Banking and Currency Committee, the Secretary of the Treasury (1918-1920), and the United States Senate (1920-1946). Subjects include: The Federal Reserve Banking Act of 1913, the Federal Reserve system, and the Banking Act of 1933 (1932 Glass-Steagall Act).  ","Other topics include international, national and state issues reflected in the politics of this time period including opposition to the National Industrial Recovery Act; National Labor Relations Act; Bank Holding Company Bill; Office of Price Administration; World Wars I and II; League of Nations; World Court; Democratic Party platforms and policies; presidential elections of 1912, 1920, 1924, 1928, and 1940; Senator Huey P. Long; Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal; attempted packing of the Supreme Court; neutrality legislation; disarmament; regulation of the coal industry; (business) products and services; child labor; anti-lynching law; immigration restriction (especially Chinese in Hawaii); Muscle Shoals; trade with Russia; diplomatic relations with the Vatican; Four-Power Treaty; soldiers' bonus bill; tariffs and protectionism; and national defense.","Virginia topics of concern to Glass or his constituents include poll tax elimination; African American suffrage; women's suffrage; highways; intrastate commerce; University of Virginia Board of Visitors;  Woodrow Wilson Foundation; national Patrick Henry shrine at \"Red Hill\"; gubernatorial election of 1924; Bishop James Cannon, Jr., prohibition and the Anti-saloon League; Skyline Drive; Spotsylvania Battlefield Park; Virginia Fight For Freedom Committee; operation of the Lynchburg News and Advance; and patronage requests from Lynchburg, Roanoke, and Bedford, Campbell, Floyd, Montgomery, and Roanoke Counties, Va.","Miscellaneous items of interest include a letter describing the early life of Booker T. Washington, election tickets for 1848, a 1906 recipe book, and letters concerning Glass' belief in the Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship.","Among the many correspondents are Edwin A. Alderman, Newton Baker, Ray Stannard Baker, Alben Barkley, Bernard Baruch, William E. Borah, Chester Bowles, John Stewart Bryan, William Jennings Bryan, Harry F. Byrd, Richard E. Byrd, Calvin Coolidge, John W. Daniel, Josephus Daniels, Colgate W. Darden, Westmoreland Davis, Frederic A. Delano, the Democratic National Committee, Marriner S. Eccles, James A. Farley, Henry Ford, Douglas Southall Freeman, James A. Garfield, Samuel Gompers, Cary T. Grayson, Charles S. Hamlin, William P.G. Harding, Warren G. Harding, George L. Harrison, J. Edgar Hoover,Herbert Hoover, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, Harold Ickes, Hugh S. Johnson, Jesse Jones, Joseph P. Kennedy, Russell C. Leffingwell, Walter Lippmann, Huey Long, William Gibbs McAdoo, George Walter Mapp, Andrew Mellon, Eugene and Agnes Meyer, Andrew J. Montague, R. Walton Moore, Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Robert L. Owen, George C. Peery, Edmund Platt, John Garland Pollard, A. Willis Robertson, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Dave E. Satterfield, C. Bascom Slemp, Rixey Smith, Billy Sunday, Claude A. Swanson, Harry S. Truman, Joseph P. Tumulty, Oscar W. Underwood, Samuel Untermeyer, Arthur H. Vandenberg, Robert F. Wagner, Henry A. Wallace, Paul Moritz Warburg, Richard S. Whaley, William Allen White, John Skelton Williams, Henry Parker Willis, , Edith Bolling Wilson, Woodrow Wilson, Clifton A. Woodrum, and Walter Wyatt.","There are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 2913","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/206"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carter Glass Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carter Glass Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Carter Glass Papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from the Glass family to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia in 1948."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Banks and banking -- United States","Judges -- Selection and appointment","Depressions -- 1929 -- United States","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Banks and banking -- United States","Judges -- Selection and appointment","Depressions -- 1929 -- United States","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["141 Cubic Feet 285 document boxes, 3 oversize flat boxes"],"extent_tesim":["141 Cubic Feet 285 document boxes, 3 oversize flat boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Restrictions apply to veterans claims.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Restrictions apply to veterans claims."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four series: Series 1. Banking: Subseries banking correspondence,  banking printed, Series 2. Correspondence: Subseries legislative, military, political, topical, greeting cards, business and related cards, honors, constituent (patronage, praise),veterans claim (restricted), and veterinary (farming), Series 3. Manuscripts and miscellaneous, Series 4. Printed and miscellaneous: Subseries newspaper clippings, articles, bills, reports and photographs, speeches, and election tickets. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDue to the large size of this collection these categories are meant as general guidelines and some cross over of subjects can be expected throughout the series. Similarly,further searching may be necessary if an area of research is not found in the identified series of the guide, for example military correspondence is located chronologically throughout the collection and as a subseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 Banking Correspondence is in boxes 1-43, 171-177; Banking Printed is in boxes 44-47; Series 2 Correspondence: Legislative Correspondence is in boxes 47-105, 178-180; Military Correspondence is in boxes 105-109; Political Correspondence is in boxes 109-143, 180-183; Topical Correspondence is in boxes 143-169; 183-193; Greeting Cards are in boxes 169-170; Honors are in box 170; Constituent Correspondence is in boxes 194-220; Patronage Correspondence is in boxes 220-249; Praise for Carter Glass is in boxes 250-258; Invitations are in boxes 259-264; Veteran's Claims (restricted) are in boxes 265-268; Veterinarian and farming (cows) are in box 269; Series 3 Manuscripts and Miscellaneous are in box 270; Series 4 Printed(including newspaper articles, photographs, and speeches) are in boxes 271-279; Letterbooks for 1918-1919 are in boxes 281-282.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four series: Series 1. Banking: Subseries banking correspondence,  banking printed, Series 2. Correspondence: Subseries legislative, military, political, topical, greeting cards, business and related cards, honors, constituent (patronage, praise),veterans claim (restricted), and veterinary (farming), Series 3. Manuscripts and miscellaneous, Series 4. Printed and miscellaneous: Subseries newspaper clippings, articles, bills, reports and photographs, speeches, and election tickets. ","Due to the large size of this collection these categories are meant as general guidelines and some cross over of subjects can be expected throughout the series. Similarly,further searching may be necessary if an area of research is not found in the identified series of the guide, for example military correspondence is located chronologically throughout the collection and as a subseries.","Series 1 Banking Correspondence is in boxes 1-43, 171-177; Banking Printed is in boxes 44-47; Series 2 Correspondence: Legislative Correspondence is in boxes 47-105, 178-180; Military Correspondence is in boxes 105-109; Political Correspondence is in boxes 109-143, 180-183; Topical Correspondence is in boxes 143-169; 183-193; Greeting Cards are in boxes 169-170; Honors are in box 170; Constituent Correspondence is in boxes 194-220; Patronage Correspondence is in boxes 220-249; Praise for Carter Glass is in boxes 250-258; Invitations are in boxes 259-264; Veteran's Claims (restricted) are in boxes 265-268; Veterinarian and farming (cows) are in box 269; Series 3 Manuscripts and Miscellaneous are in box 270; Series 4 Printed(including newspaper articles, photographs, and speeches) are in boxes 271-279; Letterbooks for 1918-1919 are in boxes 281-282."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e Carter Glass (January 4, 1858 – May 28, 1946) was born on January 4, 1858, in Lynchburg, Virginia, to Robert Henry Glass and Augusta Elizabeth Christian. He became a newspaper publisher (like his father)and after hearing a speech by William Jenning Bryan in 1896, entered politics in 1902 as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives and was re-elected to eight terms. He was a United States Senator from Lynchburg, Virginia from 1920 until his death in 1946.  In 1913, he became Chairman of the House Committee on Banking and Currency, where he worked with President Woodrow Wilson to pass the Glass-Owen Federal Reserve Act and he went on to pass the Glass-Steagall Act in 1932 and the Banking Act in 1933 that made banking more stable in the United States. In 1918, President Wilson appointed him Secretary of the Treasury, where he marketed Victory Liberty Loans for World War I debts.  At the 1920 Democratic National Convention Glass was nominated for President of the United States. Many of his supporters have said that at 5'4 inches tall, his speeches and political prowess made him seem larger than life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCarter Glass became an apprentice printer to his father when he was 13 years old, and continued his education through reading literature in his father's library. At the age of 22, Glass became a reporter, a job he had long sought, for the \"Lynchburg News\". He rose to become the morning newspaper's editor by 1887. After acquiring the afternoon \"Daily Advance\", the competing \"Daily Republican\",  he became Lynchburg's sole newspaper publisher. The \"Lynchburg News and Advance\" is the successor publication to his newspapers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Carter Glass played a major role in the establishment of the U.S. financial regulatory system, helping to establish the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. He co-sponsored the 1933 Banking Act, also known as the Glass–Steagall Act, which created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and enforced the separation of investment banking firms and commercial banks. His banking reforms (Banking Act of 1913, Glass Steagall Act 1932, Banking Act of 1933) earned him gratitude across the country, landing him on the cover of Time Magazine twice, and honoring him with many degrees from universities.  Prior to Glass's reforms, the country's banking system was chaotic and regulated by bankers. The Glass-Steagall bill restricted banks from engaging in invesment banking. The country had suffered eight recessions between 1890 and 1914. Portions of the Glass-Steagall bill were repealed in 1999, allowing banks to combine their own investment activity with commercial banking and possibly contributing to the recession in 2008.\n \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNot as well-publicized was Carter Glass's lifelong opposition to voting rights for African Americans. One of Glass's first political exploits was helping craft the revised 1902 Virginia Constitution to bar [African American] citizens from voting. The 1902 Constitution instituted a poll tax and required bulk payment after a voter missed elections, making voting a luxury. The Constitution also required that voters pass a literacy test with their performance graded by the registrar. When questioned as to whether these measures were potentially discriminatory, Glass exclaimed, \"Discrimination! Why that is exactly what we propose. To remove every [African American] voter who can be gotten rid of, legally, without materially impairing the numerical strength of the white electorate.\" Indeed, the number of African Americans qualified to vote dropped from 147,000 to 21,000 immediately. More than 50 years after it was ratified, the Lynchburg senator remained opposed to the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which granted African Americans the right to vote. He said in the 1920's it \"constituted an attempt to destroy white civilization in nearly one-third of the nation and to erect on its ruins an Ethiopian state ignorant, profligate, corrupt, controlled by manumitted slaves.\" Glass was in step with his white constituents in Virginia, where African Americans did not receive equal voting rights until the 1960s. In 1928, during a debate involving prohibition, Glass said, \"people of the original thirteen Southern States curse and deride and spit upon the Fifteenth Amendment — and have no intention of letting the [African American] vote\" all the while maintaining Virginia was complying with the law.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCarter Glass remained one of the strongest advocates of segregation and continued to dedicate much of his political career to the perpetuation of Jim Crow laws in the South. He sponsored massive resistance legislation along with Virginia Senator Harry F. Byrd of Winchester, another Virginia newspaperman who shared many of Glass's political views. Both Glass and Byrd were opposed to Roosevelt's New Deal policies. Each was a strong supporter of fiscal conservatism and states' rights. Carter Glass supported President Roosevelt but later criticized his policies, including the New Deal, attempts to pack the Supreme Court, third term presidency, and nominations for Federal Judgeships.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGlass had suffered from ill health throughout his life, and usually walked on tip toes because he believed that would help with his indigestion. He kept his seat in his final term in the Senate even though he was not able to be in attendance. He died in his hotel apartment in Washington, D.C., on May 28, 1946. His funeral in Lynchburg was attended by the Chief Justice, the Secretary of State, 11 Senators, 11 House members, and other notables. History remembers Carter Glass as the Father of the Federal Reserve Act but today history also considers his role in the 1902 Constitution that disenfranchised virtually every black voter in the state. The reduction in African American votes helped him politically and put him in a postion to create the banking reform legislation. Nationally, Glass might have been the architect of financial reform that stabilized the nation's banking system, but at home, historian J. Douglas Smith calls him, \"the architect of disenfranchisement in the Old Dominion.\" Harvard University named their business school, Glass House, after Carter Glass achievements in banking, but they have now changed the name to Cash House, for James Cash, the first African American tenured professor at Harvard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources: \nWikipedia\nJoe Stinnett, retired editor of The News \u0026amp; Advance and The Roanoke Times.\nThe Roanoke Times\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":[" Carter Glass (January 4, 1858 – May 28, 1946) was born on January 4, 1858, in Lynchburg, Virginia, to Robert Henry Glass and Augusta Elizabeth Christian. He became a newspaper publisher (like his father)and after hearing a speech by William Jenning Bryan in 1896, entered politics in 1902 as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives and was re-elected to eight terms. He was a United States Senator from Lynchburg, Virginia from 1920 until his death in 1946.  In 1913, he became Chairman of the House Committee on Banking and Currency, where he worked with President Woodrow Wilson to pass the Glass-Owen Federal Reserve Act and he went on to pass the Glass-Steagall Act in 1932 and the Banking Act in 1933 that made banking more stable in the United States. In 1918, President Wilson appointed him Secretary of the Treasury, where he marketed Victory Liberty Loans for World War I debts.  At the 1920 Democratic National Convention Glass was nominated for President of the United States. Many of his supporters have said that at 5'4 inches tall, his speeches and political prowess made him seem larger than life.","Carter Glass became an apprentice printer to his father when he was 13 years old, and continued his education through reading literature in his father's library. At the age of 22, Glass became a reporter, a job he had long sought, for the \"Lynchburg News\". He rose to become the morning newspaper's editor by 1887. After acquiring the afternoon \"Daily Advance\", the competing \"Daily Republican\",  he became Lynchburg's sole newspaper publisher. The \"Lynchburg News and Advance\" is the successor publication to his newspapers. ","  Carter Glass played a major role in the establishment of the U.S. financial regulatory system, helping to establish the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. He co-sponsored the 1933 Banking Act, also known as the Glass–Steagall Act, which created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and enforced the separation of investment banking firms and commercial banks. His banking reforms (Banking Act of 1913, Glass Steagall Act 1932, Banking Act of 1933) earned him gratitude across the country, landing him on the cover of Time Magazine twice, and honoring him with many degrees from universities.  Prior to Glass's reforms, the country's banking system was chaotic and regulated by bankers. The Glass-Steagall bill restricted banks from engaging in invesment banking. The country had suffered eight recessions between 1890 and 1914. Portions of the Glass-Steagall bill were repealed in 1999, allowing banks to combine their own investment activity with commercial banking and possibly contributing to the recession in 2008.\n ","Not as well-publicized was Carter Glass's lifelong opposition to voting rights for African Americans. One of Glass's first political exploits was helping craft the revised 1902 Virginia Constitution to bar [African American] citizens from voting. The 1902 Constitution instituted a poll tax and required bulk payment after a voter missed elections, making voting a luxury. The Constitution also required that voters pass a literacy test with their performance graded by the registrar. When questioned as to whether these measures were potentially discriminatory, Glass exclaimed, \"Discrimination! Why that is exactly what we propose. To remove every [African American] voter who can be gotten rid of, legally, without materially impairing the numerical strength of the white electorate.\" Indeed, the number of African Americans qualified to vote dropped from 147,000 to 21,000 immediately. More than 50 years after it was ratified, the Lynchburg senator remained opposed to the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which granted African Americans the right to vote. He said in the 1920's it \"constituted an attempt to destroy white civilization in nearly one-third of the nation and to erect on its ruins an Ethiopian state ignorant, profligate, corrupt, controlled by manumitted slaves.\" Glass was in step with his white constituents in Virginia, where African Americans did not receive equal voting rights until the 1960s. In 1928, during a debate involving prohibition, Glass said, \"people of the original thirteen Southern States curse and deride and spit upon the Fifteenth Amendment — and have no intention of letting the [African American] vote\" all the while maintaining Virginia was complying with the law.","\nCarter Glass remained one of the strongest advocates of segregation and continued to dedicate much of his political career to the perpetuation of Jim Crow laws in the South. He sponsored massive resistance legislation along with Virginia Senator Harry F. Byrd of Winchester, another Virginia newspaperman who shared many of Glass's political views. Both Glass and Byrd were opposed to Roosevelt's New Deal policies. Each was a strong supporter of fiscal conservatism and states' rights. Carter Glass supported President Roosevelt but later criticized his policies, including the New Deal, attempts to pack the Supreme Court, third term presidency, and nominations for Federal Judgeships.","Glass had suffered from ill health throughout his life, and usually walked on tip toes because he believed that would help with his indigestion. He kept his seat in his final term in the Senate even though he was not able to be in attendance. He died in his hotel apartment in Washington, D.C., on May 28, 1946. His funeral in Lynchburg was attended by the Chief Justice, the Secretary of State, 11 Senators, 11 House members, and other notables. History remembers Carter Glass as the Father of the Federal Reserve Act but today history also considers his role in the 1902 Constitution that disenfranchised virtually every black voter in the state. The reduction in African American votes helped him politically and put him in a postion to create the banking reform legislation. Nationally, Glass might have been the architect of financial reform that stabilized the nation's banking system, but at home, historian J. Douglas Smith calls him, \"the architect of disenfranchisement in the Old Dominion.\" Harvard University named their business school, Glass House, after Carter Glass achievements in banking, but they have now changed the name to Cash House, for James Cash, the first African American tenured professor at Harvard.","Sources: \nWikipedia\nJoe Stinnett, retired editor of The News \u0026 Advance and The Roanoke Times.\nThe Roanoke Times"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 2913, Carter Glass papers, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 2913, Carter Glass papers, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carter Glass papers, 1820-1946, 141 cubic feet, consist of correspondence, manuscripts, newspaper articles, photographs, speeches, and printed materials from his work in the Banking and Currency Committee, the Secretary of the Treasury (1918-1920), and the United States Senate (1920-1946). Subjects include: The Federal Reserve Banking Act of 1913, the Federal Reserve system, and the Banking Act of 1933 (1932 Glass-Steagall Act).  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther topics include international, national and state issues reflected in the politics of this time period including opposition to the National Industrial Recovery Act; National Labor Relations Act; Bank Holding Company Bill; Office of Price Administration; World Wars I and II; League of Nations; World Court; Democratic Party platforms and policies; presidential elections of 1912, 1920, 1924, 1928, and 1940; Senator Huey P. Long; Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal; attempted packing of the Supreme Court; neutrality legislation; disarmament; regulation of the coal industry; (business) products and services; child labor; anti-lynching law; immigration restriction (especially Chinese in Hawaii); Muscle Shoals; trade with Russia; diplomatic relations with the Vatican; Four-Power Treaty; soldiers' bonus bill; tariffs and protectionism; and national defense.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVirginia topics of concern to Glass or his constituents include poll tax elimination; African American suffrage; women's suffrage; highways; intrastate commerce; University of Virginia Board of Visitors;  Woodrow Wilson Foundation; national Patrick Henry shrine at \"Red Hill\"; gubernatorial election of 1924; Bishop James Cannon, Jr., prohibition and the Anti-saloon League; Skyline Drive; Spotsylvania Battlefield Park; Virginia Fight For Freedom Committee; operation of the Lynchburg News and Advance; and patronage requests from Lynchburg, Roanoke, and Bedford, Campbell, Floyd, Montgomery, and Roanoke Counties, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous items of interest include a letter describing the early life of Booker T. Washington, election tickets for 1848, a 1906 recipe book, and letters concerning Glass' belief in the Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmong the many correspondents are Edwin A. Alderman, Newton Baker, Ray Stannard Baker, Alben Barkley, Bernard Baruch, William E. Borah, Chester Bowles, John Stewart Bryan, William Jennings Bryan, Harry F. Byrd, Richard E. Byrd, Calvin Coolidge, John W. Daniel, Josephus Daniels, Colgate W. Darden, Westmoreland Davis, Frederic A. Delano, the Democratic National Committee, Marriner S. Eccles, James A. Farley, Henry Ford, Douglas Southall Freeman, James A. Garfield, Samuel Gompers, Cary T. Grayson, Charles S. Hamlin, William P.G. Harding, Warren G. Harding, George L. Harrison, J. Edgar Hoover,Herbert Hoover, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, Harold Ickes, Hugh S. Johnson, Jesse Jones, Joseph P. Kennedy, Russell C. Leffingwell, Walter Lippmann, Huey Long, William Gibbs McAdoo, George Walter Mapp, Andrew Mellon, Eugene and Agnes Meyer, Andrew J. Montague, R. Walton Moore, Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Robert L. Owen, George C. Peery, Edmund Platt, John Garland Pollard, A. Willis Robertson, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Dave E. Satterfield, C. Bascom Slemp, Rixey Smith, Billy Sunday, Claude A. Swanson, Harry S. Truman, Joseph P. Tumulty, Oscar W. Underwood, Samuel Untermeyer, Arthur H. Vandenberg, Robert F. Wagner, Henry A. Wallace, Paul Moritz Warburg, Richard S. Whaley, William Allen White, John Skelton Williams, Henry Parker Willis, , Edith Bolling Wilson, Woodrow Wilson, Clifton A. Woodrum, and Walter Wyatt.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carter Glass papers, 1820-1946, 141 cubic feet, consist of correspondence, manuscripts, newspaper articles, photographs, speeches, and printed materials from his work in the Banking and Currency Committee, the Secretary of the Treasury (1918-1920), and the United States Senate (1920-1946). Subjects include: The Federal Reserve Banking Act of 1913, the Federal Reserve system, and the Banking Act of 1933 (1932 Glass-Steagall Act).  ","Other topics include international, national and state issues reflected in the politics of this time period including opposition to the National Industrial Recovery Act; National Labor Relations Act; Bank Holding Company Bill; Office of Price Administration; World Wars I and II; League of Nations; World Court; Democratic Party platforms and policies; presidential elections of 1912, 1920, 1924, 1928, and 1940; Senator Huey P. Long; Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal; attempted packing of the Supreme Court; neutrality legislation; disarmament; regulation of the coal industry; (business) products and services; child labor; anti-lynching law; immigration restriction (especially Chinese in Hawaii); Muscle Shoals; trade with Russia; diplomatic relations with the Vatican; Four-Power Treaty; soldiers' bonus bill; tariffs and protectionism; and national defense.","Virginia topics of concern to Glass or his constituents include poll tax elimination; African American suffrage; women's suffrage; highways; intrastate commerce; University of Virginia Board of Visitors;  Woodrow Wilson Foundation; national Patrick Henry shrine at \"Red Hill\"; gubernatorial election of 1924; Bishop James Cannon, Jr., prohibition and the Anti-saloon League; Skyline Drive; Spotsylvania Battlefield Park; Virginia Fight For Freedom Committee; operation of the Lynchburg News and Advance; and patronage requests from Lynchburg, Roanoke, and Bedford, Campbell, Floyd, Montgomery, and Roanoke Counties, Va.","Miscellaneous items of interest include a letter describing the early life of Booker T. Washington, election tickets for 1848, a 1906 recipe book, and letters concerning Glass' belief in the Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship.","Among the many correspondents are Edwin A. Alderman, Newton Baker, Ray Stannard Baker, Alben Barkley, Bernard Baruch, William E. Borah, Chester Bowles, John Stewart Bryan, William Jennings Bryan, Harry F. Byrd, Richard E. Byrd, Calvin Coolidge, John W. Daniel, Josephus Daniels, Colgate W. Darden, Westmoreland Davis, Frederic A. Delano, the Democratic National Committee, Marriner S. Eccles, James A. Farley, Henry Ford, Douglas Southall Freeman, James A. Garfield, Samuel Gompers, Cary T. Grayson, Charles S. Hamlin, William P.G. Harding, Warren G. Harding, George L. Harrison, J. Edgar Hoover,Herbert Hoover, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, Harold Ickes, Hugh S. Johnson, Jesse Jones, Joseph P. Kennedy, Russell C. Leffingwell, Walter Lippmann, Huey Long, William Gibbs McAdoo, George Walter Mapp, Andrew Mellon, Eugene and Agnes Meyer, Andrew J. Montague, R. Walton Moore, Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Robert L. Owen, George C. Peery, Edmund Platt, John Garland Pollard, A. Willis Robertson, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Dave E. Satterfield, C. Bascom Slemp, Rixey Smith, Billy Sunday, Claude A. Swanson, Harry S. Truman, Joseph P. Tumulty, Oscar W. Underwood, Samuel Untermeyer, Arthur H. Vandenberg, Robert F. Wagner, Henry A. Wallace, Paul Moritz Warburg, Richard S. Whaley, William Allen White, John Skelton Williams, Henry Parker Willis, , Edith Bolling Wilson, Woodrow Wilson, Clifton A. Woodrum, and Walter Wyatt."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4648,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:44:46.997Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c01_c02"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8505_c03_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Bank Statements, Canceled Checks and Stock","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8505_c03_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eBank Statements, Canceled Checks and stock Silica Stone Company.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8505_c03_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8505_c03_c01","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8505_c03_c01"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8505_c03_c01","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8505","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8505","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8505_c03","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8505_c03","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8505","viw_repositories_2_resources_8505_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8505","viw_repositories_2_resources_8505_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bright Family Papers","Series 3: Robert Southall Bright Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bright Family Papers","Series 3: Robert Southall Bright Papers"],"text":["Bright Family Papers","Series 3: Robert Southall Bright Papers","Bank Statements, Canceled Checks and Stock","Box 1","Folder 6","Bank Statements, Canceled Checks and stock Silica Stone Company."],"title_filing_ssi":"Bank Statements, Canceled Checks and Stock","title_ssm":["Bank Statements, Canceled Checks and Stock"],"title_tesim":["Bank Statements, Canceled Checks and Stock"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1895-1933"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1895/1933"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bank Statements, Canceled Checks and Stock"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Bright Family Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":10,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933],"containers_ssim":["Box 1","Folder 6"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBank Statements, Canceled Checks and stock Silica Stone Company.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Bank Statements, Canceled Checks and stock Silica Stone Company."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:27:36.339Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8505","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8505","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8505","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8505","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8505.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bright Family Papers","title_ssm":["Bright Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Bright Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1876-1933"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1876-1933"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. Acc. 1996.24","/repositories/2/resources/8505"],"text":["Mss. Acc. 1996.24","/repositories/2/resources/8505","Bright Family Papers","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--20th century","Legal documents","Lawyers--Pennsylvania--Philadelphia","Business records","Checks (bank checks)","Correspondence","Photographs","Tax records","300 items","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Series arranged in alphabetical order by name of Bright Family member and related topics.","The Bright Family resided in Williamsburg, Virginia and Philadephia, Pennsylvania. They had family ties to the Southall of Virginia.","University of Delaware, Bright Family Papers, Mss. Collection Number 128."," Southall Papers, 1807-1904, Mss. 39.1 So8"," Robert Southall Bright Papers, UA 5.131"," Mss. MsV Ap 4-5 Samuel F. Bright Account Books, 1826-1861","Papers of the Bright Family of Williamsburg, Virginia and Philadephia, Pennsylvania.  Correspondence and business papers of Robert Anderson Bright of Williamsburg, Virginia and his son Robert Southall Bright, College of William and Mary class of 1891 and a Philadelphia lawyer.  Personal and professional correspondence, bills and receipts, photographs and legal papers."," Includes letters between Robert Southall Bright while a student at William and Mary to his father and letter describing trip to Switzerland.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Bright family.","Bright family","Southall family","Bright, Robert Anderson, 1839-1904","Bright, Robert Southall, 1872-1943","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries arranged in alphabetical order by name of Bright Family member and related topics.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series arranged in alphabetical order by name of Bright Family member and related topics."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Bright Family resided in Williamsburg, Virginia and Philadephia, Pennsylvania. They had family ties to the Southall of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Family History:"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Bright Family resided in Williamsburg, Virginia and Philadephia, Pennsylvania. They had family ties to the Southall of Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBright Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Bright Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Delaware, Bright Family Papers, Mss. Collection Number 128.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Southall Papers, 1807-1904, Mss. 39.1 So8\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Robert Southall Bright Papers, UA 5.131\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Mss. MsV Ap 4-5 Samuel F. Bright Account Books, 1826-1861\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["University of Delaware, Bright Family Papers, Mss. Collection Number 128."," Southall Papers, 1807-1904, Mss. 39.1 So8"," Robert Southall Bright Papers, UA 5.131"," Mss. MsV Ap 4-5 Samuel F. Bright Account Books, 1826-1861"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Bright Family of Williamsburg, Virginia and Philadephia, Pennsylvania.  Correspondence and business papers of Robert Anderson Bright of Williamsburg, Virginia and his son Robert Southall Bright, College of William and Mary class of 1891 and a Philadelphia lawyer.  Personal and professional correspondence, bills and receipts, photographs and legal papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Includes letters between Robert Southall Bright while a student at William and Mary to his father and letter describing trip to Switzerland.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of the Bright Family of Williamsburg, Virginia and Philadephia, Pennsylvania.  Correspondence and business papers of Robert Anderson Bright of Williamsburg, Virginia and his son Robert Southall Bright, College of William and Mary class of 1891 and a Philadelphia lawyer.  Personal and professional correspondence, bills and receipts, photographs and legal papers."," Includes letters between Robert Southall Bright while a student at William and Mary to his father and letter describing trip to Switzerland."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Bright family","Southall family"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Bright family.","Bright family","Southall family","Bright, Robert Anderson, 1839-1904","Bright, Robert Southall, 1872-1943"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae"],"famname_ssim":["Bright family.","Bright family","Southall family"],"persname_ssim":["Bright, Robert Anderson, 1839-1904","Bright, Robert Southall, 1872-1943"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":32,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:27:36.339Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8505_c03_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Baseball","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eAB may include Athletics - Track \u0026amp; Field.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","University Athletics"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","University Athletics"],"text":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","University Athletics","Baseball","AB may include Athletics - Track \u0026 Field."],"title_filing_ssi":"Baseball","title_ssm":["Baseball"],"title_tesim":["Baseball"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1895-1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1895/1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Baseball"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":351,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAB may include Athletics - Track \u0026amp; Field.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["AB may include Athletics - Track \u0026 Field."],"_nest_path_":"/components#33/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:44:54.922Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3151.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","title_ssm":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1870s-c. 1960s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c. 1870s-c. 1960s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["VerticalFile.006"],"text":["VerticalFile.006","Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","Blacksburg (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History","The collection is open for research.","Mounted Clippings are arranged by subject, primarily alphabetically.","The guide to the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description was completed by Special Collections staff prior to 2015. The finding aid was completed in August 2015. The re-integration of Mo56a-i, Association of Married Students was completed in October 2019.","See also Vertical Files (successors to the mounted clippings): Biographical Vertical Files Blacksburg Vertical Files Montgomery County/Christiansburg Vertical Files Record Group Vertical Files Southwest Virginia Vertical Files","In general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","In general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university. The collection was primarily collected by library staff through the 1960s.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["VerticalFile.006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Newman Library staff collected materials for mounted clippings through the 1960s."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["64 Cubic Feet 147 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["64 Cubic Feet 147 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMounted Clippings are arranged by subject, primarily alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Mounted Clippings are arranged by subject, primarily alphabetically."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [number of card], Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [number of card], Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description was completed by Special Collections staff prior to 2015. The finding aid was completed in August 2015. The re-integration of Mo56a-i, Association of Married Students was completed in October 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description was completed by Special Collections staff prior to 2015. The finding aid was completed in August 2015. The re-integration of Mo56a-i, Association of Married Students was completed in October 2019."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003chead\u003eSee also Vertical Files (successors to the mounted clippings):\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01185.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBiographical Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01042.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBlacksburg Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01043.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMontgomery County/Christiansburg Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01186.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eRecord Group Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01044.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSouthwest Virginia Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also Vertical Files (successors to the mounted clippings): Biographical Vertical Files Blacksburg Vertical Files Montgomery County/Christiansburg Vertical Files Record Group Vertical Files Southwest Virginia Vertical Files"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["In general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2bfd88fb1d82a46fb92b3adac8eb3bf1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eIn general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university. The collection was primarily collected by library staff through the 1960s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["In general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university. The collection was primarily collected by library staff through the 1960s."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":440,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:44:54.922Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c01"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alexandria Library","value":"Alexandria Library","hits":10},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1921\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":134},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1921\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary"}},{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason 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