{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1914\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=18","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1914\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=17","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1914\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=19","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1914\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=25"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":18,"next_page":19,"prev_page":17,"total_pages":25,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":170,"total_count":241,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_148#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_148#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCollection consists of a variety of Richmond, Virginia related materials that Bland has gathered since the 1970s. The collection includes three original architectural drawings of Richmond's Cathedral of the Sacred Heart; drawings of plans and photographs of what was to become the power house of the Virginia Railway and Power Co. on Richmond's 12th Street and numerous other early 20th century drawings and materials documenting electrical plans for the city.The collection also contains material documenting the arts in Richmond from the 1890s to the present, including material on the various art organizations that have existed in the city; rock music of the 1980s; and correspondence and other material regarding Bland's Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984). Other materials related to the history of Richmond include late 19th and early 20th century business invoices and correspondence; streetcar ephemera of the 1940s; and numerous published materials and a wide assortment of ephemera items and photographs relating to wide cross section of Richmond's cultural history.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_148#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_148.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00061.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bland, Richard, collection of Richmond memorabilia","title_ssm":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia"],"title_tesim":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia"],"unitdate_ssm":["1885-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1885-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 32","/repositories/5/resources/148"],"text":["M 32","/repositories/5/resources/148","Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia","Richmond (Va.) -- Designs and plans -- Buildings, structures, etc.","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 20th century","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 19th century","Arts -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Arts -- History -- 19th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open to research.","Collection is arranged by series and alphabetically therein. The items in Folders 1-8, Map Case #11, were found by Bland at an abandoned building in the 1980s. The building may have been the former site of the R.R. Cosby Electrical Co. which had operated in Richmond, Virginia for almost the entire 20th century. Other items, located in Boxes 1-6 and in Folder 9-10, Map Case #11, have been acquired by Bland at flea markets, garage sales, through dealers and at other locations.The collection is divided into the following series: Series I -- Art, Artists, \u0026 Craftsmen (1890s-1990s) ; Series II -- General (1880s-1980s) ; Series III -- Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984) ; Series IV -- Ledger from Maxwell \u0026 McGowan and McGowan and Pearsall House Furnishers (1901-1902) ; Series V -- Richmond Art Glass (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VI -- Historic Richmond (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VII -- Architectural Drawings and Oversize materials (1880s-1980s)","Richmond artist Richard Lee Bland (1950-) has been active in the Richmond art scene since 1968 after his admission into the School of the Arts, Richmond Professional Institute (now VCU). Bland describes himself as an impressionist painter. His vision for art developed from performance and conceptual art in tangent with \"a compelling belief in impressionistic painting.\" Bland's mentor, Eliot Clark (1883-1980), an American Impressionist, was the last surviving participant of the Cos Cob Art Colony (1890-1900). Bland is critical of commercial art galleries, co-operative groups, and university art education practices. \"I believe the artist must maintain an aesthetic apart from institutional curriculum,\" Bland said in 1995. \"Self-reliance and community involvement help the artist confront relevant issues in a spirited fine art.\" Bland has had numerous art exhibits and is well known within the arts community in Richmond. He produced an experimental non-commercial alternative space, The Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984), to promote what he called a \"bedrock\" for independent Richmond art culture. He left for New York City in 1984 to practice art then returned to Richmond in 1986. He then purchased an old dairy barn in the lower Fan District converting it to a studio residence. Bland has established a growing archive of Richmond material, including vintage photographs, architectural drawings of historic Richmond buildings, and other artifacts of the city, that he calls a \"a personal resource\" of artistic inspiration.","Collection consists of a variety of Richmond, Virginia related materials that Bland has gathered since the 1970s. The collection includes three original architectural drawings of Richmond's Cathedral of the Sacred Heart; drawings of plans and photographs of what was to become the power house of the Virginia Railway and Power Co. on Richmond's 12th Street and numerous other early 20th century drawings and materials documenting electrical plans for the city.The collection also contains material documenting the arts in Richmond from the 1890s to the present, including material on the various art organizations that have existed in the city; rock music of the 1980s; and correspondence and other material regarding Bland's Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984). Other materials related to the history of Richmond include late 19th and early 20th century business invoices and correspondence; streetcar ephemera of the 1940s; and numerous published materials and a wide assortment of ephemera items and photographs relating to wide cross section of Richmond's cultural history.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-","English \n.    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The items in Folders 1-8, Map Case #11, were found by Bland at an abandoned building in the 1980s. The building may have been the former site of the R.R. Cosby Electrical Co. which had operated in Richmond, Virginia for almost the entire 20th century. Other items, located in Boxes 1-6 and in Folder 9-10, Map Case #11, have been acquired by Bland at flea markets, garage sales, through dealers and at other locations.The collection is divided into the following series: Series I -- Art, Artists, \u0026amp; Craftsmen (1890s-1990s) ; Series II -- General (1880s-1980s) ; Series III -- Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984) ; Series IV -- Ledger from Maxwell \u0026amp; McGowan and McGowan and Pearsall House Furnishers (1901-1902) ; Series V -- Richmond Art Glass (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VI -- Historic Richmond (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VII -- Architectural Drawings and Oversize materials (1880s-1980s)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged by series and alphabetically therein. The items in Folders 1-8, Map Case #11, were found by Bland at an abandoned building in the 1980s. The building may have been the former site of the R.R. Cosby Electrical Co. which had operated in Richmond, Virginia for almost the entire 20th century. Other items, located in Boxes 1-6 and in Folder 9-10, Map Case #11, have been acquired by Bland at flea markets, garage sales, through dealers and at other locations.The collection is divided into the following series: Series I -- Art, Artists, \u0026 Craftsmen (1890s-1990s) ; Series II -- General (1880s-1980s) ; Series III -- Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984) ; Series IV -- Ledger from Maxwell \u0026 McGowan and McGowan and Pearsall House Furnishers (1901-1902) ; Series V -- Richmond Art Glass (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VI -- Historic Richmond (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VII -- Architectural Drawings and Oversize materials (1880s-1980s)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichmond artist Richard Lee Bland (1950-) has been active in the Richmond art scene since 1968 after his admission into the School of the Arts, Richmond Professional Institute (now VCU). Bland describes himself as an impressionist painter. His vision for art developed from performance and conceptual art in tangent with \"a compelling belief in impressionistic painting.\" Bland's mentor, Eliot Clark (1883-1980), an American Impressionist, was the last surviving participant of the Cos Cob Art Colony (1890-1900). Bland is critical of commercial art galleries, co-operative groups, and university art education practices. \"I believe the artist must maintain an aesthetic apart from institutional curriculum,\" Bland said in 1995. \"Self-reliance and community involvement help the artist confront relevant issues in a spirited fine art.\" Bland has had numerous art exhibits and is well known within the arts community in Richmond. He produced an experimental non-commercial alternative space, The Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984), to promote what he called a \"bedrock\" for independent Richmond art culture. He left for New York City in 1984 to practice art then returned to Richmond in 1986. He then purchased an old dairy barn in the lower Fan District converting it to a studio residence. Bland has established a growing archive of Richmond material, including vintage photographs, architectural drawings of historic Richmond buildings, and other artifacts of the city, that he calls a \"a personal resource\" of artistic inspiration.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richmond artist Richard Lee Bland (1950-) has been active in the Richmond art scene since 1968 after his admission into the School of the Arts, Richmond Professional Institute (now VCU). Bland describes himself as an impressionist painter. His vision for art developed from performance and conceptual art in tangent with \"a compelling belief in impressionistic painting.\" Bland's mentor, Eliot Clark (1883-1980), an American Impressionist, was the last surviving participant of the Cos Cob Art Colony (1890-1900). Bland is critical of commercial art galleries, co-operative groups, and university art education practices. \"I believe the artist must maintain an aesthetic apart from institutional curriculum,\" Bland said in 1995. \"Self-reliance and community involvement help the artist confront relevant issues in a spirited fine art.\" Bland has had numerous art exhibits and is well known within the arts community in Richmond. He produced an experimental non-commercial alternative space, The Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984), to promote what he called a \"bedrock\" for independent Richmond art culture. He left for New York City in 1984 to practice art then returned to Richmond in 1986. He then purchased an old dairy barn in the lower Fan District converting it to a studio residence. Bland has established a growing archive of Richmond material, including vintage photographs, architectural drawings of historic Richmond buildings, and other artifacts of the city, that he calls a \"a personal resource\" of artistic inspiration."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia, Collection # M 32, Special Collections and Archives, James Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia, Collection # M 32, Special Collections and Archives, James Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection consists of a variety of Richmond, Virginia related materials that Bland has gathered since the 1970s. The collection includes three original architectural drawings of Richmond's Cathedral of the Sacred Heart; drawings of plans and photographs of what was to become the power house of the Virginia Railway and Power Co. on Richmond's 12th Street and numerous other early 20th century drawings and materials documenting electrical plans for the city.The collection also contains material documenting the arts in Richmond from the 1890s to the present, including material on the various art organizations that have existed in the city; rock music of the 1980s; and correspondence and other material regarding Bland's Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984). Other materials related to the history of Richmond include late 19th and early 20th century business invoices and correspondence; streetcar ephemera of the 1940s; and numerous published materials and a wide assortment of ephemera items and photographs relating to wide cross section of Richmond's cultural history.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection consists of a variety of Richmond, Virginia related materials that Bland has gathered since the 1970s. The collection includes three original architectural drawings of Richmond's Cathedral of the Sacred Heart; drawings of plans and photographs of what was to become the power house of the Virginia Railway and Power Co. on Richmond's 12th Street and numerous other early 20th century drawings and materials documenting electrical plans for the city.The collection also contains material documenting the arts in Richmond from the 1890s to the present, including material on the various art organizations that have existed in the city; rock music of the 1980s; and correspondence and other material regarding Bland's Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984). Other materials related to the history of Richmond include late 19th and early 20th century business invoices and correspondence; streetcar ephemera of the 1940s; and numerous published materials and a wide assortment of ephemera items and photographs relating to wide cross section of Richmond's cultural history."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"persname_ssim":["Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":200,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:16:11.514Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_148.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00061.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bland, Richard, collection of Richmond memorabilia","title_ssm":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia"],"title_tesim":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia"],"unitdate_ssm":["1885-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1885-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 32","/repositories/5/resources/148"],"text":["M 32","/repositories/5/resources/148","Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia","Richmond (Va.) -- Designs and plans -- Buildings, structures, etc.","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 20th century","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 19th century","Arts -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Arts -- History -- 19th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open to research.","Collection is arranged by series and alphabetically therein. The items in Folders 1-8, Map Case #11, were found by Bland at an abandoned building in the 1980s. The building may have been the former site of the R.R. Cosby Electrical Co. which had operated in Richmond, Virginia for almost the entire 20th century. Other items, located in Boxes 1-6 and in Folder 9-10, Map Case #11, have been acquired by Bland at flea markets, garage sales, through dealers and at other locations.The collection is divided into the following series: Series I -- Art, Artists, \u0026 Craftsmen (1890s-1990s) ; Series II -- General (1880s-1980s) ; Series III -- Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984) ; Series IV -- Ledger from Maxwell \u0026 McGowan and McGowan and Pearsall House Furnishers (1901-1902) ; Series V -- Richmond Art Glass (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VI -- Historic Richmond (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VII -- Architectural Drawings and Oversize materials (1880s-1980s)","Richmond artist Richard Lee Bland (1950-) has been active in the Richmond art scene since 1968 after his admission into the School of the Arts, Richmond Professional Institute (now VCU). Bland describes himself as an impressionist painter. His vision for art developed from performance and conceptual art in tangent with \"a compelling belief in impressionistic painting.\" Bland's mentor, Eliot Clark (1883-1980), an American Impressionist, was the last surviving participant of the Cos Cob Art Colony (1890-1900). Bland is critical of commercial art galleries, co-operative groups, and university art education practices. \"I believe the artist must maintain an aesthetic apart from institutional curriculum,\" Bland said in 1995. \"Self-reliance and community involvement help the artist confront relevant issues in a spirited fine art.\" Bland has had numerous art exhibits and is well known within the arts community in Richmond. He produced an experimental non-commercial alternative space, The Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984), to promote what he called a \"bedrock\" for independent Richmond art culture. He left for New York City in 1984 to practice art then returned to Richmond in 1986. He then purchased an old dairy barn in the lower Fan District converting it to a studio residence. Bland has established a growing archive of Richmond material, including vintage photographs, architectural drawings of historic Richmond buildings, and other artifacts of the city, that he calls a \"a personal resource\" of artistic inspiration.","Collection consists of a variety of Richmond, Virginia related materials that Bland has gathered since the 1970s. The collection includes three original architectural drawings of Richmond's Cathedral of the Sacred Heart; drawings of plans and photographs of what was to become the power house of the Virginia Railway and Power Co. on Richmond's 12th Street and numerous other early 20th century drawings and materials documenting electrical plans for the city.The collection also contains material documenting the arts in Richmond from the 1890s to the present, including material on the various art organizations that have existed in the city; rock music of the 1980s; and correspondence and other material regarding Bland's Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984). Other materials related to the history of Richmond include late 19th and early 20th century business invoices and correspondence; streetcar ephemera of the 1940s; and numerous published materials and a wide assortment of ephemera items and photographs relating to wide cross section of Richmond's cultural history.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-","English \n.    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The items in Folders 1-8, Map Case #11, were found by Bland at an abandoned building in the 1980s. The building may have been the former site of the R.R. Cosby Electrical Co. which had operated in Richmond, Virginia for almost the entire 20th century. 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He left for New York City in 1984 to practice art then returned to Richmond in 1986. He then purchased an old dairy barn in the lower Fan District converting it to a studio residence. Bland has established a growing archive of Richmond material, including vintage photographs, architectural drawings of historic Richmond buildings, and other artifacts of the city, that he calls a \"a personal resource\" of artistic inspiration.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richmond artist Richard Lee Bland (1950-) has been active in the Richmond art scene since 1968 after his admission into the School of the Arts, Richmond Professional Institute (now VCU). Bland describes himself as an impressionist painter. His vision for art developed from performance and conceptual art in tangent with \"a compelling belief in impressionistic painting.\" Bland's mentor, Eliot Clark (1883-1980), an American Impressionist, was the last surviving participant of the Cos Cob Art Colony (1890-1900). Bland is critical of commercial art galleries, co-operative groups, and university art education practices. \"I believe the artist must maintain an aesthetic apart from institutional curriculum,\" Bland said in 1995. \"Self-reliance and community involvement help the artist confront relevant issues in a spirited fine art.\" Bland has had numerous art exhibits and is well known within the arts community in Richmond. He produced an experimental non-commercial alternative space, The Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984), to promote what he called a \"bedrock\" for independent Richmond art culture. He left for New York City in 1984 to practice art then returned to Richmond in 1986. He then purchased an old dairy barn in the lower Fan District converting it to a studio residence. Bland has established a growing archive of Richmond material, including vintage photographs, architectural drawings of historic Richmond buildings, and other artifacts of the city, that he calls a \"a personal resource\" of artistic inspiration."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia, Collection # M 32, Special Collections and Archives, James Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia, Collection # M 32, Special Collections and Archives, James Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection consists of a variety of Richmond, Virginia related materials that Bland has gathered since the 1970s. The collection includes three original architectural drawings of Richmond's Cathedral of the Sacred Heart; drawings of plans and photographs of what was to become the power house of the Virginia Railway and Power Co. on Richmond's 12th Street and numerous other early 20th century drawings and materials documenting electrical plans for the city.The collection also contains material documenting the arts in Richmond from the 1890s to the present, including material on the various art organizations that have existed in the city; rock music of the 1980s; and correspondence and other material regarding Bland's Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984). Other materials related to the history of Richmond include late 19th and early 20th century business invoices and correspondence; streetcar ephemera of the 1940s; and numerous published materials and a wide assortment of ephemera items and photographs relating to wide cross section of Richmond's cultural history.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection consists of a variety of Richmond, Virginia related materials that Bland has gathered since the 1970s. The collection includes three original architectural drawings of Richmond's Cathedral of the Sacred Heart; drawings of plans and photographs of what was to become the power house of the Virginia Railway and Power Co. on Richmond's 12th Street and numerous other early 20th century drawings and materials documenting electrical plans for the city.The collection also contains material documenting the arts in Richmond from the 1890s to the present, including material on the various art organizations that have existed in the city; rock music of the 1980s; and correspondence and other material regarding Bland's Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984). Other materials related to the history of Richmond include late 19th and early 20th century business invoices and correspondence; streetcar ephemera of the 1940s; and numerous published materials and a wide assortment of ephemera items and photographs relating to wide cross section of Richmond's cultural history."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"persname_ssim":["Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":200,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:16:11.514Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_148"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c01_c35","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Richmond Art Club","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c01_c35#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c01_c35","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c01_c35"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c01_c35","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c01","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia","Series I--Art, Artists, and Craftsmen"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia","Series I--Art, Artists, and Craftsmen"],"text":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia","Series I--Art, Artists, and Craftsmen","Richmond Art Club","box 2"],"title_filing_ssi":"Richmond Art Club","title_ssm":["Richmond Art Club"],"title_tesim":["Richmond Art Club"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1898-1914"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1898/1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richmond Art Club"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":36,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"containers_ssim":["box 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#34","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:16:11.514Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_148.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00061.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bland, Richard, collection of Richmond memorabilia","title_ssm":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia"],"title_tesim":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia"],"unitdate_ssm":["1885-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1885-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 32","/repositories/5/resources/148"],"text":["M 32","/repositories/5/resources/148","Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia","Richmond (Va.) -- Designs and plans -- Buildings, structures, etc.","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 20th century","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 19th century","Arts -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Arts -- History -- 19th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open to research.","Collection is arranged by series and alphabetically therein. The items in Folders 1-8, Map Case #11, were found by Bland at an abandoned building in the 1980s. The building may have been the former site of the R.R. Cosby Electrical Co. which had operated in Richmond, Virginia for almost the entire 20th century. Other items, located in Boxes 1-6 and in Folder 9-10, Map Case #11, have been acquired by Bland at flea markets, garage sales, through dealers and at other locations.The collection is divided into the following series: Series I -- Art, Artists, \u0026 Craftsmen (1890s-1990s) ; Series II -- General (1880s-1980s) ; Series III -- Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984) ; Series IV -- Ledger from Maxwell \u0026 McGowan and McGowan and Pearsall House Furnishers (1901-1902) ; Series V -- Richmond Art Glass (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VI -- Historic Richmond (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VII -- Architectural Drawings and Oversize materials (1880s-1980s)","Richmond artist Richard Lee Bland (1950-) has been active in the Richmond art scene since 1968 after his admission into the School of the Arts, Richmond Professional Institute (now VCU). Bland describes himself as an impressionist painter. His vision for art developed from performance and conceptual art in tangent with \"a compelling belief in impressionistic painting.\" Bland's mentor, Eliot Clark (1883-1980), an American Impressionist, was the last surviving participant of the Cos Cob Art Colony (1890-1900). Bland is critical of commercial art galleries, co-operative groups, and university art education practices. \"I believe the artist must maintain an aesthetic apart from institutional curriculum,\" Bland said in 1995. \"Self-reliance and community involvement help the artist confront relevant issues in a spirited fine art.\" Bland has had numerous art exhibits and is well known within the arts community in Richmond. He produced an experimental non-commercial alternative space, The Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984), to promote what he called a \"bedrock\" for independent Richmond art culture. He left for New York City in 1984 to practice art then returned to Richmond in 1986. He then purchased an old dairy barn in the lower Fan District converting it to a studio residence. Bland has established a growing archive of Richmond material, including vintage photographs, architectural drawings of historic Richmond buildings, and other artifacts of the city, that he calls a \"a personal resource\" of artistic inspiration.","Collection consists of a variety of Richmond, Virginia related materials that Bland has gathered since the 1970s. The collection includes three original architectural drawings of Richmond's Cathedral of the Sacred Heart; drawings of plans and photographs of what was to become the power house of the Virginia Railway and Power Co. on Richmond's 12th Street and numerous other early 20th century drawings and materials documenting electrical plans for the city.The collection also contains material documenting the arts in Richmond from the 1890s to the present, including material on the various art organizations that have existed in the city; rock music of the 1980s; and correspondence and other material regarding Bland's Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984). Other materials related to the history of Richmond include late 19th and early 20th century business invoices and correspondence; streetcar ephemera of the 1940s; and numerous published materials and a wide assortment of ephemera items and photographs relating to wide cross section of Richmond's cultural history.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 32","/repositories/5/resources/148"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia"],"collection_ssim":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.) -- Designs and plans -- Buildings, structures, etc.","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 20th century","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Designs and plans -- Buildings, structures, etc.","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 20th century","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 19th century"],"creator_ssm":["Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-"],"creator_ssim":["Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-"],"creators_ssim":["Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Designs and plans -- Buildings, structures, etc.","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 20th century","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 19th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Arts -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Arts -- History -- 19th century -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Arts -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Arts -- History -- 19th century -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 Linear Feet 2 linear feet plus architectural drawings"],"extent_tesim":["2 Linear Feet 2 linear feet plus architectural drawings"],"date_range_isim":[1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged by series and alphabetically therein. The items in Folders 1-8, Map Case #11, were found by Bland at an abandoned building in the 1980s. The building may have been the former site of the R.R. Cosby Electrical Co. which had operated in Richmond, Virginia for almost the entire 20th century. Other items, located in Boxes 1-6 and in Folder 9-10, Map Case #11, have been acquired by Bland at flea markets, garage sales, through dealers and at other locations.The collection is divided into the following series: Series I -- Art, Artists, \u0026amp; Craftsmen (1890s-1990s) ; Series II -- General (1880s-1980s) ; Series III -- Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984) ; Series IV -- Ledger from Maxwell \u0026amp; McGowan and McGowan and Pearsall House Furnishers (1901-1902) ; Series V -- Richmond Art Glass (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VI -- Historic Richmond (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VII -- Architectural Drawings and Oversize materials (1880s-1980s)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged by series and alphabetically therein. The items in Folders 1-8, Map Case #11, were found by Bland at an abandoned building in the 1980s. The building may have been the former site of the R.R. Cosby Electrical Co. which had operated in Richmond, Virginia for almost the entire 20th century. Other items, located in Boxes 1-6 and in Folder 9-10, Map Case #11, have been acquired by Bland at flea markets, garage sales, through dealers and at other locations.The collection is divided into the following series: Series I -- Art, Artists, \u0026 Craftsmen (1890s-1990s) ; Series II -- General (1880s-1980s) ; Series III -- Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984) ; Series IV -- Ledger from Maxwell \u0026 McGowan and McGowan and Pearsall House Furnishers (1901-1902) ; Series V -- Richmond Art Glass (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VI -- Historic Richmond (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VII -- Architectural Drawings and Oversize materials (1880s-1980s)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichmond artist Richard Lee Bland (1950-) has been active in the Richmond art scene since 1968 after his admission into the School of the Arts, Richmond Professional Institute (now VCU). Bland describes himself as an impressionist painter. His vision for art developed from performance and conceptual art in tangent with \"a compelling belief in impressionistic painting.\" Bland's mentor, Eliot Clark (1883-1980), an American Impressionist, was the last surviving participant of the Cos Cob Art Colony (1890-1900). Bland is critical of commercial art galleries, co-operative groups, and university art education practices. \"I believe the artist must maintain an aesthetic apart from institutional curriculum,\" Bland said in 1995. \"Self-reliance and community involvement help the artist confront relevant issues in a spirited fine art.\" Bland has had numerous art exhibits and is well known within the arts community in Richmond. He produced an experimental non-commercial alternative space, The Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984), to promote what he called a \"bedrock\" for independent Richmond art culture. He left for New York City in 1984 to practice art then returned to Richmond in 1986. He then purchased an old dairy barn in the lower Fan District converting it to a studio residence. Bland has established a growing archive of Richmond material, including vintage photographs, architectural drawings of historic Richmond buildings, and other artifacts of the city, that he calls a \"a personal resource\" of artistic inspiration.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richmond artist Richard Lee Bland (1950-) has been active in the Richmond art scene since 1968 after his admission into the School of the Arts, Richmond Professional Institute (now VCU). Bland describes himself as an impressionist painter. His vision for art developed from performance and conceptual art in tangent with \"a compelling belief in impressionistic painting.\" Bland's mentor, Eliot Clark (1883-1980), an American Impressionist, was the last surviving participant of the Cos Cob Art Colony (1890-1900). Bland is critical of commercial art galleries, co-operative groups, and university art education practices. \"I believe the artist must maintain an aesthetic apart from institutional curriculum,\" Bland said in 1995. \"Self-reliance and community involvement help the artist confront relevant issues in a spirited fine art.\" Bland has had numerous art exhibits and is well known within the arts community in Richmond. He produced an experimental non-commercial alternative space, The Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984), to promote what he called a \"bedrock\" for independent Richmond art culture. He left for New York City in 1984 to practice art then returned to Richmond in 1986. He then purchased an old dairy barn in the lower Fan District converting it to a studio residence. Bland has established a growing archive of Richmond material, including vintage photographs, architectural drawings of historic Richmond buildings, and other artifacts of the city, that he calls a \"a personal resource\" of artistic inspiration."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia, Collection # M 32, Special Collections and Archives, James Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia, Collection # M 32, Special Collections and Archives, James Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection consists of a variety of Richmond, Virginia related materials that Bland has gathered since the 1970s. The collection includes three original architectural drawings of Richmond's Cathedral of the Sacred Heart; drawings of plans and photographs of what was to become the power house of the Virginia Railway and Power Co. on Richmond's 12th Street and numerous other early 20th century drawings and materials documenting electrical plans for the city.The collection also contains material documenting the arts in Richmond from the 1890s to the present, including material on the various art organizations that have existed in the city; rock music of the 1980s; and correspondence and other material regarding Bland's Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984). Other materials related to the history of Richmond include late 19th and early 20th century business invoices and correspondence; streetcar ephemera of the 1940s; and numerous published materials and a wide assortment of ephemera items and photographs relating to wide cross section of Richmond's cultural history.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection consists of a variety of Richmond, Virginia related materials that Bland has gathered since the 1970s. The collection includes three original architectural drawings of Richmond's Cathedral of the Sacred Heart; drawings of plans and photographs of what was to become the power house of the Virginia Railway and Power Co. on Richmond's 12th Street and numerous other early 20th century drawings and materials documenting electrical plans for the city.The collection also contains material documenting the arts in Richmond from the 1890s to the present, including material on the various art organizations that have existed in the city; rock music of the 1980s; and correspondence and other material regarding Bland's Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984). Other materials related to the history of Richmond include late 19th and early 20th century business invoices and correspondence; streetcar ephemera of the 1940s; and numerous published materials and a wide assortment of ephemera items and photographs relating to wide cross section of Richmond's cultural history."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"persname_ssim":["Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":200,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:16:11.514Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c01_c35"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_24","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Richmond Nursing Home papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_24#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_24#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe papers of the Richmond Nursing Home (RNH) consist of items relating to the administration and history of the institution. Materials include correspondence, financial records, evaluations and reports, newspaper clippings, and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_24#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_24","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_24","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_24","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_24","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_24.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.library.vcu.edu/repositories/3/resources/24","title_ssm":["Richmond Nursing Home papers"],"title_tesim":["Richmond Nursing Home papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1896-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1896-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2008.Sep.5","/repositories/3/resources/24"],"text":["2008.Sep.5","/repositories/3/resources/24","Richmond Nursing Home papers","Virginia.","Nursing homes -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Older people -- Long-term care -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Nursing Homes.","Collection open for research.","This collection is divided into three series: Series 1, Administrative Papers, 1896-1998; Series 2, Printed Materials, 1943-1984; and Series 3, Photographs, undated, 1950-1991. Efforts have been made to maintain the original organization when possible. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and the materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.","The Richmond Nursing Home has served the community in various capacities since the mid-nineteenth century. It began in 1859 as the almshouse, established to care for the city's indigent population. During the Civil War it operated as General Hospital Number 1, and was the temporary headquarters for the cadets of the Virginia Military Institute from December 1864 to April 1865. The property reverted to its former function at the conclusion of the war. In 1873, part of the building was converted into a city hospital that provided general surgery, medicine, and obstetrical services.","A reform-minded Richmond City Council changed the name of the institution to the City Home in 1905. The Home focused on caring for the elderly and neglected children. The city constructed an additional building in 1908 to house African American patients, replacing the previous facility located near Franklin Street. Also a tubercular pavilion for African Americans was built and used from 1915 to 1936. In 1916 the city acquired Pine Camp Tubercular Hospital and it operated as a branch of the City Home. It remained an all-white facility until 1936, when African American patients from the City Home moved to a new, separate infirmary erected on the grounds of Pine Camp.","The City Home received a nursing home license in 1953 and began the transition to an elder care facility. By 1956 the City Home ended its services for children, shifting the responsibility to the foster care program administered by the Department of Public Welfare. In 1957, the Richmond City Council voted to close Pine Camp Hospital and transfer the remaining patients to the City Home. During this time the Rehabilitation Therapy Division was established to help disabled patients gain a higher level of functionality through educational, occupational, and physical therapy. A 1959 ordinance changed the facility's name to the Richmond Nursing Home and completed the transition to a long-term care facility. The Richmond Nursing Home developed a volunteer program to support its rehabilitation and nursing services. Individuals, churches, civil groups, and college fraternities and sororities from all over central Virginia offered their time and talents.","The upkeep of the original Home became cost prohibitive by the late 1970s and Richmond Nursing Home moved from its historic location at 210 Hospital Street to a newer facility at 1900 Cool Lane in 1980. In 1993, the administration of the home was turned over to the Hospital Authority of Richmond and renamed Seven Hills Health Care Center. The Center continued to operate until December 2007, at which time it lost Medicaid and Medicare funding. By February 2008 the last patients had been relocated and the Center closed.","This collection contains residual records of the Richmond Nursing Home discovered when Seven Hills Health Care Center closed in 2008. These papers offer only a partial record of the activites and history of Richmond Nursing Home. Many of the newspaper articles in this collection were assembled by Robert L. Gordon, an administrator at RNH.","The papers of the Richmond Nursing Home (RNH) consist of items relating to the administration and history of the institution. Materials include correspondence, financial records, evaluations and reports, newspaper clippings, and photographs.","Series 1: Administrative Papers, 1896-1998. This series contains papers relating to the management of RNH and includes items such as correspondence with health care management and financial consultants Pat Rice \u0026 Associates, evaluations by the City of Richmond, information on the history of RNH, planning and staffing materials, patient handbooks and statistics, reports, a 1975 transcript from the Open Forum Discussion on WTVR, and other papers associated with the operation of the facility.","Series 2: Printed materials, 1943-1984. This series is composed of clippings and publications featuring the RNH or subjects of importance to the institution. These materials include newsletters such as  Proscript ,  Public Health Messenger , and  The Reb , newspaper clippings from the local Richmond papers reporting on topics like patient care and activities, volunteerism, and the public debate between city officials regarding the alleged mistreatment of patients at RNH during the late 1960s. Also found is this series are publications including  Aging in Virginia  and  Confederate Military Hospitals in Richmond .","Series 3: Photographs, undated, 1950-1991. Contained in this series are photographs of the interiors and exteriors of the RNH facilities located at 210 Hospital Street and 1900 Cool Lane, and photographs of staff, residents, and volunteers. Of particular interest are the photographs from the early 1950s depicting the extensive wear on the original facility and the renovations to correct some of these issues, photos depicting rehabilitation activities, and undated photos of the Negro Tubercular Pavilion. Also in this series are three photos that are possibly of the City Farm located in the same area as Pine Camp, but have not been conclusively identified as such. These photographs are located in the file labeled \"Misc., Unidentified\"","Additional records for the Richmond Nursing Home can be found at the Library of Virginia and the Richmond Public Library, which is the official repository for the City's public records.","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["2008.Sep.5","/repositories/3/resources/24"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richmond Nursing Home papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richmond Nursing Home papers"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond Nursing Home papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia."],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia."],"creator_ssm":["Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Virginia."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Seven Hills Health Care Center, 2008."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Nursing homes -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Older people -- Long-term care -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Nursing Homes."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Nursing homes -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Older people -- Long-term care -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Nursing Homes."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.25 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3.25 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is divided into three series: Series 1, Administrative Papers, 1896-1998; Series 2, Printed Materials, 1943-1984; and Series 3, Photographs, undated, 1950-1991. Efforts have been made to maintain the original organization when possible. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and the materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is divided into three series: Series 1, Administrative Papers, 1896-1998; Series 2, Printed Materials, 1943-1984; and Series 3, Photographs, undated, 1950-1991. Efforts have been made to maintain the original organization when possible. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and the materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Richmond Nursing Home has served the community in various capacities since the mid-nineteenth century. It began in 1859 as the almshouse, established to care for the city's indigent population. During the Civil War it operated as General Hospital Number 1, and was the temporary headquarters for the cadets of the Virginia Military Institute from December 1864 to April 1865. The property reverted to its former function at the conclusion of the war. In 1873, part of the building was converted into a city hospital that provided general surgery, medicine, and obstetrical services.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA reform-minded Richmond City Council changed the name of the institution to the City Home in 1905. The Home focused on caring for the elderly and neglected children. The city constructed an additional building in 1908 to house African American patients, replacing the previous facility located near Franklin Street. Also a tubercular pavilion for African Americans was built and used from 1915 to 1936. In 1916 the city acquired Pine Camp Tubercular Hospital and it operated as a branch of the City Home. It remained an all-white facility until 1936, when African American patients from the City Home moved to a new, separate infirmary erected on the grounds of Pine Camp.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe City Home received a nursing home license in 1953 and began the transition to an elder care facility. By 1956 the City Home ended its services for children, shifting the responsibility to the foster care program administered by the Department of Public Welfare. In 1957, the Richmond City Council voted to close Pine Camp Hospital and transfer the remaining patients to the City Home. During this time the Rehabilitation Therapy Division was established to help disabled patients gain a higher level of functionality through educational, occupational, and physical therapy. A 1959 ordinance changed the facility's name to the Richmond Nursing Home and completed the transition to a long-term care facility. The Richmond Nursing Home developed a volunteer program to support its rehabilitation and nursing services. Individuals, churches, civil groups, and college fraternities and sororities from all over central Virginia offered their time and talents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe upkeep of the original Home became cost prohibitive by the late 1970s and Richmond Nursing Home moved from its historic location at 210 Hospital Street to a newer facility at 1900 Cool Lane in 1980. In 1993, the administration of the home was turned over to the Hospital Authority of Richmond and renamed Seven Hills Health Care Center. The Center continued to operate until December 2007, at which time it lost Medicaid and Medicare funding. By February 2008 the last patients had been relocated and the Center closed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Richmond Nursing Home has served the community in various capacities since the mid-nineteenth century. It began in 1859 as the almshouse, established to care for the city's indigent population. During the Civil War it operated as General Hospital Number 1, and was the temporary headquarters for the cadets of the Virginia Military Institute from December 1864 to April 1865. The property reverted to its former function at the conclusion of the war. In 1873, part of the building was converted into a city hospital that provided general surgery, medicine, and obstetrical services.","A reform-minded Richmond City Council changed the name of the institution to the City Home in 1905. The Home focused on caring for the elderly and neglected children. The city constructed an additional building in 1908 to house African American patients, replacing the previous facility located near Franklin Street. Also a tubercular pavilion for African Americans was built and used from 1915 to 1936. In 1916 the city acquired Pine Camp Tubercular Hospital and it operated as a branch of the City Home. It remained an all-white facility until 1936, when African American patients from the City Home moved to a new, separate infirmary erected on the grounds of Pine Camp.","The City Home received a nursing home license in 1953 and began the transition to an elder care facility. By 1956 the City Home ended its services for children, shifting the responsibility to the foster care program administered by the Department of Public Welfare. In 1957, the Richmond City Council voted to close Pine Camp Hospital and transfer the remaining patients to the City Home. During this time the Rehabilitation Therapy Division was established to help disabled patients gain a higher level of functionality through educational, occupational, and physical therapy. A 1959 ordinance changed the facility's name to the Richmond Nursing Home and completed the transition to a long-term care facility. The Richmond Nursing Home developed a volunteer program to support its rehabilitation and nursing services. Individuals, churches, civil groups, and college fraternities and sororities from all over central Virginia offered their time and talents.","The upkeep of the original Home became cost prohibitive by the late 1970s and Richmond Nursing Home moved from its historic location at 210 Hospital Street to a newer facility at 1900 Cool Lane in 1980. In 1993, the administration of the home was turned over to the Hospital Authority of Richmond and renamed Seven Hills Health Care Center. The Center continued to operate until December 2007, at which time it lost Medicaid and Medicare funding. By February 2008 the last patients had been relocated and the Center closed."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains residual records of the Richmond Nursing Home discovered when Seven Hills Health Care Center closed in 2008. These papers offer only a partial record of the activites and history of Richmond Nursing Home. Many of the newspaper articles in this collection were assembled by Robert L. Gordon, an administrator at RNH.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Ownership and Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection contains residual records of the Richmond Nursing Home discovered when Seven Hills Health Care Center closed in 2008. These papers offer only a partial record of the activites and history of Richmond Nursing Home. Many of the newspaper articles in this collection were assembled by Robert L. Gordon, an administrator at RNH."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Richmond Nursing Home, Accession # 2008/Sep/5, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Richmond Nursing Home, Accession # 2008/Sep/5, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of the Richmond Nursing Home (RNH) consist of items relating to the administration and history of the institution. Materials include correspondence, financial records, evaluations and reports, newspaper clippings, and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Administrative Papers, 1896-1998. This series contains papers relating to the management of RNH and includes items such as correspondence with health care management and financial consultants Pat Rice \u0026amp; Associates, evaluations by the City of Richmond, information on the history of RNH, planning and staffing materials, patient handbooks and statistics, reports, a 1975 transcript from the Open Forum Discussion on WTVR, and other papers associated with the operation of the facility.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Printed materials, 1943-1984. This series is composed of clippings and publications featuring the RNH or subjects of importance to the institution. These materials include newsletters such as \u003ctitle\u003eProscript\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003ePublic Health Messenger\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle\u003eThe Reb\u003c/title\u003e, newspaper clippings from the local Richmond papers reporting on topics like patient care and activities, volunteerism, and the public debate between city officials regarding the alleged mistreatment of patients at RNH during the late 1960s. Also found is this series are publications including \u003ctitle\u003eAging in Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle\u003eConfederate Military Hospitals in Richmond\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Photographs, undated, 1950-1991. Contained in this series are photographs of the interiors and exteriors of the RNH facilities located at 210 Hospital Street and 1900 Cool Lane, and photographs of staff, residents, and volunteers. Of particular interest are the photographs from the early 1950s depicting the extensive wear on the original facility and the renovations to correct some of these issues, photos depicting rehabilitation activities, and undated photos of the Negro Tubercular Pavilion. Also in this series are three photos that are possibly of the City Farm located in the same area as Pine Camp, but have not been conclusively identified as such. These photographs are located in the file labeled \"Misc., Unidentified\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of the Richmond Nursing Home (RNH) consist of items relating to the administration and history of the institution. Materials include correspondence, financial records, evaluations and reports, newspaper clippings, and photographs.","Series 1: Administrative Papers, 1896-1998. This series contains papers relating to the management of RNH and includes items such as correspondence with health care management and financial consultants Pat Rice \u0026 Associates, evaluations by the City of Richmond, information on the history of RNH, planning and staffing materials, patient handbooks and statistics, reports, a 1975 transcript from the Open Forum Discussion on WTVR, and other papers associated with the operation of the facility.","Series 2: Printed materials, 1943-1984. This series is composed of clippings and publications featuring the RNH or subjects of importance to the institution. These materials include newsletters such as  Proscript ,  Public Health Messenger , and  The Reb , newspaper clippings from the local Richmond papers reporting on topics like patient care and activities, volunteerism, and the public debate between city officials regarding the alleged mistreatment of patients at RNH during the late 1960s. Also found is this series are publications including  Aging in Virginia  and  Confederate Military Hospitals in Richmond .","Series 3: Photographs, undated, 1950-1991. Contained in this series are photographs of the interiors and exteriors of the RNH facilities located at 210 Hospital Street and 1900 Cool Lane, and photographs of staff, residents, and volunteers. Of particular interest are the photographs from the early 1950s depicting the extensive wear on the original facility and the renovations to correct some of these issues, photos depicting rehabilitation activities, and undated photos of the Negro Tubercular Pavilion. Also in this series are three photos that are possibly of the City Farm located in the same area as Pine Camp, but have not been conclusively identified as such. These photographs are located in the file labeled \"Misc., Unidentified\""],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional records for the Richmond Nursing Home can be found at the Library of Virginia and the Richmond Public Library, which is the official repository for the City's public records.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional records for the Richmond Nursing Home can be found at the Library of Virginia and the Richmond Public Library, which is the official repository for the City's public records."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":61,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:12:46.741Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_24","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_24","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_24","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_24","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_24.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.library.vcu.edu/repositories/3/resources/24","title_ssm":["Richmond Nursing Home papers"],"title_tesim":["Richmond Nursing Home papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1896-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1896-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2008.Sep.5","/repositories/3/resources/24"],"text":["2008.Sep.5","/repositories/3/resources/24","Richmond Nursing Home papers","Virginia.","Nursing homes -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Older people -- Long-term care -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Nursing Homes.","Collection open for research.","This collection is divided into three series: Series 1, Administrative Papers, 1896-1998; Series 2, Printed Materials, 1943-1984; and Series 3, Photographs, undated, 1950-1991. Efforts have been made to maintain the original organization when possible. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and the materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.","The Richmond Nursing Home has served the community in various capacities since the mid-nineteenth century. It began in 1859 as the almshouse, established to care for the city's indigent population. During the Civil War it operated as General Hospital Number 1, and was the temporary headquarters for the cadets of the Virginia Military Institute from December 1864 to April 1865. The property reverted to its former function at the conclusion of the war. In 1873, part of the building was converted into a city hospital that provided general surgery, medicine, and obstetrical services.","A reform-minded Richmond City Council changed the name of the institution to the City Home in 1905. The Home focused on caring for the elderly and neglected children. The city constructed an additional building in 1908 to house African American patients, replacing the previous facility located near Franklin Street. Also a tubercular pavilion for African Americans was built and used from 1915 to 1936. In 1916 the city acquired Pine Camp Tubercular Hospital and it operated as a branch of the City Home. It remained an all-white facility until 1936, when African American patients from the City Home moved to a new, separate infirmary erected on the grounds of Pine Camp.","The City Home received a nursing home license in 1953 and began the transition to an elder care facility. By 1956 the City Home ended its services for children, shifting the responsibility to the foster care program administered by the Department of Public Welfare. In 1957, the Richmond City Council voted to close Pine Camp Hospital and transfer the remaining patients to the City Home. During this time the Rehabilitation Therapy Division was established to help disabled patients gain a higher level of functionality through educational, occupational, and physical therapy. A 1959 ordinance changed the facility's name to the Richmond Nursing Home and completed the transition to a long-term care facility. The Richmond Nursing Home developed a volunteer program to support its rehabilitation and nursing services. Individuals, churches, civil groups, and college fraternities and sororities from all over central Virginia offered their time and talents.","The upkeep of the original Home became cost prohibitive by the late 1970s and Richmond Nursing Home moved from its historic location at 210 Hospital Street to a newer facility at 1900 Cool Lane in 1980. In 1993, the administration of the home was turned over to the Hospital Authority of Richmond and renamed Seven Hills Health Care Center. The Center continued to operate until December 2007, at which time it lost Medicaid and Medicare funding. By February 2008 the last patients had been relocated and the Center closed.","This collection contains residual records of the Richmond Nursing Home discovered when Seven Hills Health Care Center closed in 2008. These papers offer only a partial record of the activites and history of Richmond Nursing Home. Many of the newspaper articles in this collection were assembled by Robert L. Gordon, an administrator at RNH.","The papers of the Richmond Nursing Home (RNH) consist of items relating to the administration and history of the institution. Materials include correspondence, financial records, evaluations and reports, newspaper clippings, and photographs.","Series 1: Administrative Papers, 1896-1998. This series contains papers relating to the management of RNH and includes items such as correspondence with health care management and financial consultants Pat Rice \u0026 Associates, evaluations by the City of Richmond, information on the history of RNH, planning and staffing materials, patient handbooks and statistics, reports, a 1975 transcript from the Open Forum Discussion on WTVR, and other papers associated with the operation of the facility.","Series 2: Printed materials, 1943-1984. This series is composed of clippings and publications featuring the RNH or subjects of importance to the institution. These materials include newsletters such as  Proscript ,  Public Health Messenger , and  The Reb , newspaper clippings from the local Richmond papers reporting on topics like patient care and activities, volunteerism, and the public debate between city officials regarding the alleged mistreatment of patients at RNH during the late 1960s. Also found is this series are publications including  Aging in Virginia  and  Confederate Military Hospitals in Richmond .","Series 3: Photographs, undated, 1950-1991. Contained in this series are photographs of the interiors and exteriors of the RNH facilities located at 210 Hospital Street and 1900 Cool Lane, and photographs of staff, residents, and volunteers. Of particular interest are the photographs from the early 1950s depicting the extensive wear on the original facility and the renovations to correct some of these issues, photos depicting rehabilitation activities, and undated photos of the Negro Tubercular Pavilion. Also in this series are three photos that are possibly of the City Farm located in the same area as Pine Camp, but have not been conclusively identified as such. These photographs are located in the file labeled \"Misc., Unidentified\"","Additional records for the Richmond Nursing Home can be found at the Library of Virginia and the Richmond Public Library, which is the official repository for the City's public records.","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["2008.Sep.5","/repositories/3/resources/24"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richmond Nursing Home papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richmond Nursing Home papers"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond Nursing Home papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia."],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia."],"creator_ssm":["Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Virginia."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Seven Hills Health Care Center, 2008."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Nursing homes -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Older people -- Long-term care -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Nursing Homes."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Nursing homes -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Older people -- Long-term care -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Nursing Homes."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.25 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3.25 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is divided into three series: Series 1, Administrative Papers, 1896-1998; Series 2, Printed Materials, 1943-1984; and Series 3, Photographs, undated, 1950-1991. Efforts have been made to maintain the original organization when possible. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and the materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is divided into three series: Series 1, Administrative Papers, 1896-1998; Series 2, Printed Materials, 1943-1984; and Series 3, Photographs, undated, 1950-1991. Efforts have been made to maintain the original organization when possible. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and the materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Richmond Nursing Home has served the community in various capacities since the mid-nineteenth century. It began in 1859 as the almshouse, established to care for the city's indigent population. During the Civil War it operated as General Hospital Number 1, and was the temporary headquarters for the cadets of the Virginia Military Institute from December 1864 to April 1865. The property reverted to its former function at the conclusion of the war. In 1873, part of the building was converted into a city hospital that provided general surgery, medicine, and obstetrical services.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA reform-minded Richmond City Council changed the name of the institution to the City Home in 1905. The Home focused on caring for the elderly and neglected children. The city constructed an additional building in 1908 to house African American patients, replacing the previous facility located near Franklin Street. Also a tubercular pavilion for African Americans was built and used from 1915 to 1936. In 1916 the city acquired Pine Camp Tubercular Hospital and it operated as a branch of the City Home. It remained an all-white facility until 1936, when African American patients from the City Home moved to a new, separate infirmary erected on the grounds of Pine Camp.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe City Home received a nursing home license in 1953 and began the transition to an elder care facility. By 1956 the City Home ended its services for children, shifting the responsibility to the foster care program administered by the Department of Public Welfare. In 1957, the Richmond City Council voted to close Pine Camp Hospital and transfer the remaining patients to the City Home. During this time the Rehabilitation Therapy Division was established to help disabled patients gain a higher level of functionality through educational, occupational, and physical therapy. A 1959 ordinance changed the facility's name to the Richmond Nursing Home and completed the transition to a long-term care facility. The Richmond Nursing Home developed a volunteer program to support its rehabilitation and nursing services. Individuals, churches, civil groups, and college fraternities and sororities from all over central Virginia offered their time and talents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe upkeep of the original Home became cost prohibitive by the late 1970s and Richmond Nursing Home moved from its historic location at 210 Hospital Street to a newer facility at 1900 Cool Lane in 1980. In 1993, the administration of the home was turned over to the Hospital Authority of Richmond and renamed Seven Hills Health Care Center. The Center continued to operate until December 2007, at which time it lost Medicaid and Medicare funding. By February 2008 the last patients had been relocated and the Center closed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Richmond Nursing Home has served the community in various capacities since the mid-nineteenth century. It began in 1859 as the almshouse, established to care for the city's indigent population. During the Civil War it operated as General Hospital Number 1, and was the temporary headquarters for the cadets of the Virginia Military Institute from December 1864 to April 1865. The property reverted to its former function at the conclusion of the war. In 1873, part of the building was converted into a city hospital that provided general surgery, medicine, and obstetrical services.","A reform-minded Richmond City Council changed the name of the institution to the City Home in 1905. The Home focused on caring for the elderly and neglected children. The city constructed an additional building in 1908 to house African American patients, replacing the previous facility located near Franklin Street. Also a tubercular pavilion for African Americans was built and used from 1915 to 1936. In 1916 the city acquired Pine Camp Tubercular Hospital and it operated as a branch of the City Home. It remained an all-white facility until 1936, when African American patients from the City Home moved to a new, separate infirmary erected on the grounds of Pine Camp.","The City Home received a nursing home license in 1953 and began the transition to an elder care facility. By 1956 the City Home ended its services for children, shifting the responsibility to the foster care program administered by the Department of Public Welfare. In 1957, the Richmond City Council voted to close Pine Camp Hospital and transfer the remaining patients to the City Home. During this time the Rehabilitation Therapy Division was established to help disabled patients gain a higher level of functionality through educational, occupational, and physical therapy. A 1959 ordinance changed the facility's name to the Richmond Nursing Home and completed the transition to a long-term care facility. The Richmond Nursing Home developed a volunteer program to support its rehabilitation and nursing services. Individuals, churches, civil groups, and college fraternities and sororities from all over central Virginia offered their time and talents.","The upkeep of the original Home became cost prohibitive by the late 1970s and Richmond Nursing Home moved from its historic location at 210 Hospital Street to a newer facility at 1900 Cool Lane in 1980. In 1993, the administration of the home was turned over to the Hospital Authority of Richmond and renamed Seven Hills Health Care Center. The Center continued to operate until December 2007, at which time it lost Medicaid and Medicare funding. By February 2008 the last patients had been relocated and the Center closed."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains residual records of the Richmond Nursing Home discovered when Seven Hills Health Care Center closed in 2008. These papers offer only a partial record of the activites and history of Richmond Nursing Home. Many of the newspaper articles in this collection were assembled by Robert L. Gordon, an administrator at RNH.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Ownership and Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection contains residual records of the Richmond Nursing Home discovered when Seven Hills Health Care Center closed in 2008. These papers offer only a partial record of the activites and history of Richmond Nursing Home. Many of the newspaper articles in this collection were assembled by Robert L. Gordon, an administrator at RNH."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Richmond Nursing Home, Accession # 2008/Sep/5, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Richmond Nursing Home, Accession # 2008/Sep/5, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of the Richmond Nursing Home (RNH) consist of items relating to the administration and history of the institution. Materials include correspondence, financial records, evaluations and reports, newspaper clippings, and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Administrative Papers, 1896-1998. This series contains papers relating to the management of RNH and includes items such as correspondence with health care management and financial consultants Pat Rice \u0026amp; Associates, evaluations by the City of Richmond, information on the history of RNH, planning and staffing materials, patient handbooks and statistics, reports, a 1975 transcript from the Open Forum Discussion on WTVR, and other papers associated with the operation of the facility.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Printed materials, 1943-1984. This series is composed of clippings and publications featuring the RNH or subjects of importance to the institution. These materials include newsletters such as \u003ctitle\u003eProscript\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003ePublic Health Messenger\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle\u003eThe Reb\u003c/title\u003e, newspaper clippings from the local Richmond papers reporting on topics like patient care and activities, volunteerism, and the public debate between city officials regarding the alleged mistreatment of patients at RNH during the late 1960s. Also found is this series are publications including \u003ctitle\u003eAging in Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle\u003eConfederate Military Hospitals in Richmond\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Photographs, undated, 1950-1991. Contained in this series are photographs of the interiors and exteriors of the RNH facilities located at 210 Hospital Street and 1900 Cool Lane, and photographs of staff, residents, and volunteers. Of particular interest are the photographs from the early 1950s depicting the extensive wear on the original facility and the renovations to correct some of these issues, photos depicting rehabilitation activities, and undated photos of the Negro Tubercular Pavilion. Also in this series are three photos that are possibly of the City Farm located in the same area as Pine Camp, but have not been conclusively identified as such. These photographs are located in the file labeled \"Misc., Unidentified\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of the Richmond Nursing Home (RNH) consist of items relating to the administration and history of the institution. Materials include correspondence, financial records, evaluations and reports, newspaper clippings, and photographs.","Series 1: Administrative Papers, 1896-1998. This series contains papers relating to the management of RNH and includes items such as correspondence with health care management and financial consultants Pat Rice \u0026 Associates, evaluations by the City of Richmond, information on the history of RNH, planning and staffing materials, patient handbooks and statistics, reports, a 1975 transcript from the Open Forum Discussion on WTVR, and other papers associated with the operation of the facility.","Series 2: Printed materials, 1943-1984. This series is composed of clippings and publications featuring the RNH or subjects of importance to the institution. These materials include newsletters such as  Proscript ,  Public Health Messenger , and  The Reb , newspaper clippings from the local Richmond papers reporting on topics like patient care and activities, volunteerism, and the public debate between city officials regarding the alleged mistreatment of patients at RNH during the late 1960s. Also found is this series are publications including  Aging in Virginia  and  Confederate Military Hospitals in Richmond .","Series 3: Photographs, undated, 1950-1991. Contained in this series are photographs of the interiors and exteriors of the RNH facilities located at 210 Hospital Street and 1900 Cool Lane, and photographs of staff, residents, and volunteers. Of particular interest are the photographs from the early 1950s depicting the extensive wear on the original facility and the renovations to correct some of these issues, photos depicting rehabilitation activities, and undated photos of the Negro Tubercular Pavilion. Also in this series are three photos that are possibly of the City Farm located in the same area as Pine Camp, but have not been conclusively identified as such. These photographs are located in the file labeled \"Misc., Unidentified\""],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional records for the Richmond Nursing Home can be found at the Library of Virginia and the Richmond Public Library, which is the official repository for the City's public records.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional records for the Richmond Nursing Home can be found at the Library of Virginia and the Richmond Public Library, which is the official repository for the City's public records."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Richmond Nursing Home (Richmond, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":61,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:12:46.741Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_24"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_133","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_133#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_133#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of reports, statistics, promotional materials, correspondence, blueprints, clippings and miscellaneous items relating to the growth and development of the Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The bulk of the collection concerns the construction of the new shelter on Chamberlayne Avenue in the 1960s, but also includes sporadic annual reports and statistics, presidents reports and laws under investigation for the protection of animals.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_133#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_133","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_133","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_133","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_133","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_133.xml","title_ssm":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals records"],"title_tesim":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1892-1972"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1892-1972"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 285"],"text":["M 285","Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals records","Animal welfare -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open for use without restrictions.","Materials arranged alphabetically by subject and chronological therein. The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject and chronologically therein. The oversize materials are stored separately. The scrapbooks are shelved in the oversize area in chronological order. Photographs have been separated and are located in the University Photograph Collection. The book Dogs as I See Them by Lucy Dawson has been transferred to the Department's book collection.","In February 1883, Mrs. W. Ben Palmer held a meeting in her home for those interested in forming a society for the prevention of cruelty to animals. The following month, an entertainment was given at the old Richmond Theatre (Broad and Seventh streets) to raise funds to finance such a Society. Eight years later, in October 1891, there were finally enough interested persons to organize the Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The organization was incorporated in the City of Richmond in February 1892 and its first elected officers were Dr. Jud B. Wood, President; Mr. S.H. Hawes, first Vice-President; Mr. Joseph Bryan, second Vice-President; Mr. W. Ben Palmer, third Vice-President; Rev. H. Carmichael, fourth Vice-President; Mr. James Lyons, fifth Vice-President; Mr. Ira Mowery, Secretary; Mr. W. Ben Palmer, Treasurer; and MR. A.B. Guigon, Attorney. The first agent was Mr. Emmett C. Taylor, who filled this position until his death in January 1929.","For nearly twenty years the Society struggled to survive with very little money and little outside support. The city of Richmond appropriated $500 a year to help the organization fulfill its goal. These funds, with the contributions of friends and the dues from members, constituted the entire budget for the RSPCA. In 1911, the Society received the good news that it was the sole beneficiary of the estate of Louisa B. Nelle, a relative of Mrs. Palmer's. From 1917 through 1923 the work of the Society foundered, public interest languished and funds were not forthcoming. Plans for a shelter had to be put aside for the time.","In June of 1924, interest was revitalized in the Society and the Charter amended to allow for the opening of a shelter. The first shelter opened in October 1924 and housed over 950 animals in its first year. The Society was fortunate at the same time to be incorporated into the budget of the Richmond Community Fund.","Since this time the work of the Society has increased and become a well-known presence in Richmond. A new shelter was constructed in the 1960s and a cooperative arrangements negotiated with the appropriate city offices in areas where the two overlap.","The collection consists of reports, statistics, promotional materials, correspondence, blueprints, clippings and miscellaneous items relating to the growth and development of the Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The bulk of the collection concerns the construction of the new shelter on Chamberlayne Avenue in the 1960s, but also includes sporadic annual reports and statistics, presidents reports and laws under investigation for the protection of animals.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 285"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals records"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of the Executive Director in 1990."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Animal welfare -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Animal welfare -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5.2 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["5.2 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for use without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials arranged alphabetically by subject and chronological therein. The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject and chronologically therein. The oversize materials are stored separately. The scrapbooks are shelved in the oversize area in chronological order. Photographs have been separated and are located in the University Photograph Collection. The book Dogs as I See Them by Lucy Dawson has been transferred to the Department's book collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials arranged alphabetically by subject and chronological therein. The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject and chronologically therein. The oversize materials are stored separately. The scrapbooks are shelved in the oversize area in chronological order. Photographs have been separated and are located in the University Photograph Collection. The book Dogs as I See Them by Lucy Dawson has been transferred to the Department's book collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn February 1883, Mrs. W. Ben Palmer held a meeting in her home for those interested in forming a society for the prevention of cruelty to animals. The following month, an entertainment was given at the old Richmond Theatre (Broad and Seventh streets) to raise funds to finance such a Society. Eight years later, in October 1891, there were finally enough interested persons to organize the Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The organization was incorporated in the City of Richmond in February 1892 and its first elected officers were Dr. Jud B. Wood, President; Mr. S.H. Hawes, first Vice-President; Mr. Joseph Bryan, second Vice-President; Mr. W. Ben Palmer, third Vice-President; Rev. H. Carmichael, fourth Vice-President; Mr. James Lyons, fifth Vice-President; Mr. Ira Mowery, Secretary; Mr. W. Ben Palmer, Treasurer; and MR. A.B. Guigon, Attorney. The first agent was Mr. Emmett C. Taylor, who filled this position until his death in January 1929.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor nearly twenty years the Society struggled to survive with very little money and little outside support. The city of Richmond appropriated $500 a year to help the organization fulfill its goal. These funds, with the contributions of friends and the dues from members, constituted the entire budget for the RSPCA. In 1911, the Society received the good news that it was the sole beneficiary of the estate of Louisa B. Nelle, a relative of Mrs. Palmer's. From 1917 through 1923 the work of the Society foundered, public interest languished and funds were not forthcoming. Plans for a shelter had to be put aside for the time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn June of 1924, interest was revitalized in the Society and the Charter amended to allow for the opening of a shelter. The first shelter opened in October 1924 and housed over 950 animals in its first year. The Society was fortunate at the same time to be incorporated into the budget of the Richmond Community Fund.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSince this time the work of the Society has increased and become a well-known presence in Richmond. A new shelter was constructed in the 1960s and a cooperative arrangements negotiated with the appropriate city offices in areas where the two overlap.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In February 1883, Mrs. W. Ben Palmer held a meeting in her home for those interested in forming a society for the prevention of cruelty to animals. The following month, an entertainment was given at the old Richmond Theatre (Broad and Seventh streets) to raise funds to finance such a Society. Eight years later, in October 1891, there were finally enough interested persons to organize the Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The organization was incorporated in the City of Richmond in February 1892 and its first elected officers were Dr. Jud B. Wood, President; Mr. S.H. Hawes, first Vice-President; Mr. Joseph Bryan, second Vice-President; Mr. W. Ben Palmer, third Vice-President; Rev. H. Carmichael, fourth Vice-President; Mr. James Lyons, fifth Vice-President; Mr. Ira Mowery, Secretary; Mr. W. Ben Palmer, Treasurer; and MR. A.B. Guigon, Attorney. The first agent was Mr. Emmett C. Taylor, who filled this position until his death in January 1929.","For nearly twenty years the Society struggled to survive with very little money and little outside support. The city of Richmond appropriated $500 a year to help the organization fulfill its goal. These funds, with the contributions of friends and the dues from members, constituted the entire budget for the RSPCA. In 1911, the Society received the good news that it was the sole beneficiary of the estate of Louisa B. Nelle, a relative of Mrs. Palmer's. From 1917 through 1923 the work of the Society foundered, public interest languished and funds were not forthcoming. Plans for a shelter had to be put aside for the time.","In June of 1924, interest was revitalized in the Society and the Charter amended to allow for the opening of a shelter. The first shelter opened in October 1924 and housed over 950 animals in its first year. The Society was fortunate at the same time to be incorporated into the budget of the Richmond Community Fund.","Since this time the work of the Society has increased and become a well-known presence in Richmond. A new shelter was constructed in the 1960s and a cooperative arrangements negotiated with the appropriate city offices in areas where the two overlap."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, M 285, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, M 285, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of reports, statistics, promotional materials, correspondence, blueprints, clippings and miscellaneous items relating to the growth and development of the Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The bulk of the collection concerns the construction of the new shelter on Chamberlayne Avenue in the 1960s, but also includes sporadic annual reports and statistics, presidents reports and laws under investigation for the protection of animals.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of reports, statistics, promotional materials, correspondence, blueprints, clippings and miscellaneous items relating to the growth and development of the Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The bulk of the collection concerns the construction of the new shelter on Chamberlayne Avenue in the 1960s, but also includes sporadic annual reports and statistics, presidents reports and laws under investigation for the protection of animals."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":52,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:59.403Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_133","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_133","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_133","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_133","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_133.xml","title_ssm":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals records"],"title_tesim":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1892-1972"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1892-1972"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 285"],"text":["M 285","Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals records","Animal welfare -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open for use without restrictions.","Materials arranged alphabetically by subject and chronological therein. The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject and chronologically therein. The oversize materials are stored separately. The scrapbooks are shelved in the oversize area in chronological order. Photographs have been separated and are located in the University Photograph Collection. The book Dogs as I See Them by Lucy Dawson has been transferred to the Department's book collection.","In February 1883, Mrs. W. Ben Palmer held a meeting in her home for those interested in forming a society for the prevention of cruelty to animals. The following month, an entertainment was given at the old Richmond Theatre (Broad and Seventh streets) to raise funds to finance such a Society. Eight years later, in October 1891, there were finally enough interested persons to organize the Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The organization was incorporated in the City of Richmond in February 1892 and its first elected officers were Dr. Jud B. Wood, President; Mr. S.H. Hawes, first Vice-President; Mr. Joseph Bryan, second Vice-President; Mr. W. Ben Palmer, third Vice-President; Rev. H. Carmichael, fourth Vice-President; Mr. James Lyons, fifth Vice-President; Mr. Ira Mowery, Secretary; Mr. W. Ben Palmer, Treasurer; and MR. A.B. Guigon, Attorney. The first agent was Mr. Emmett C. Taylor, who filled this position until his death in January 1929.","For nearly twenty years the Society struggled to survive with very little money and little outside support. The city of Richmond appropriated $500 a year to help the organization fulfill its goal. These funds, with the contributions of friends and the dues from members, constituted the entire budget for the RSPCA. In 1911, the Society received the good news that it was the sole beneficiary of the estate of Louisa B. Nelle, a relative of Mrs. Palmer's. From 1917 through 1923 the work of the Society foundered, public interest languished and funds were not forthcoming. Plans for a shelter had to be put aside for the time.","In June of 1924, interest was revitalized in the Society and the Charter amended to allow for the opening of a shelter. The first shelter opened in October 1924 and housed over 950 animals in its first year. The Society was fortunate at the same time to be incorporated into the budget of the Richmond Community Fund.","Since this time the work of the Society has increased and become a well-known presence in Richmond. A new shelter was constructed in the 1960s and a cooperative arrangements negotiated with the appropriate city offices in areas where the two overlap.","The collection consists of reports, statistics, promotional materials, correspondence, blueprints, clippings and miscellaneous items relating to the growth and development of the Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The bulk of the collection concerns the construction of the new shelter on Chamberlayne Avenue in the 1960s, but also includes sporadic annual reports and statistics, presidents reports and laws under investigation for the protection of animals.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 285"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals records"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of the Executive Director in 1990."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Animal welfare -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Animal welfare -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5.2 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["5.2 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for use without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials arranged alphabetically by subject and chronological therein. The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject and chronologically therein. The oversize materials are stored separately. The scrapbooks are shelved in the oversize area in chronological order. Photographs have been separated and are located in the University Photograph Collection. The book Dogs as I See Them by Lucy Dawson has been transferred to the Department's book collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials arranged alphabetically by subject and chronological therein. The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject and chronologically therein. The oversize materials are stored separately. The scrapbooks are shelved in the oversize area in chronological order. Photographs have been separated and are located in the University Photograph Collection. The book Dogs as I See Them by Lucy Dawson has been transferred to the Department's book collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn February 1883, Mrs. W. Ben Palmer held a meeting in her home for those interested in forming a society for the prevention of cruelty to animals. The following month, an entertainment was given at the old Richmond Theatre (Broad and Seventh streets) to raise funds to finance such a Society. Eight years later, in October 1891, there were finally enough interested persons to organize the Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The organization was incorporated in the City of Richmond in February 1892 and its first elected officers were Dr. Jud B. Wood, President; Mr. S.H. Hawes, first Vice-President; Mr. Joseph Bryan, second Vice-President; Mr. W. Ben Palmer, third Vice-President; Rev. H. Carmichael, fourth Vice-President; Mr. James Lyons, fifth Vice-President; Mr. Ira Mowery, Secretary; Mr. W. Ben Palmer, Treasurer; and MR. A.B. Guigon, Attorney. The first agent was Mr. Emmett C. Taylor, who filled this position until his death in January 1929.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor nearly twenty years the Society struggled to survive with very little money and little outside support. The city of Richmond appropriated $500 a year to help the organization fulfill its goal. These funds, with the contributions of friends and the dues from members, constituted the entire budget for the RSPCA. In 1911, the Society received the good news that it was the sole beneficiary of the estate of Louisa B. Nelle, a relative of Mrs. Palmer's. From 1917 through 1923 the work of the Society foundered, public interest languished and funds were not forthcoming. Plans for a shelter had to be put aside for the time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn June of 1924, interest was revitalized in the Society and the Charter amended to allow for the opening of a shelter. The first shelter opened in October 1924 and housed over 950 animals in its first year. The Society was fortunate at the same time to be incorporated into the budget of the Richmond Community Fund.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSince this time the work of the Society has increased and become a well-known presence in Richmond. A new shelter was constructed in the 1960s and a cooperative arrangements negotiated with the appropriate city offices in areas where the two overlap.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In February 1883, Mrs. W. Ben Palmer held a meeting in her home for those interested in forming a society for the prevention of cruelty to animals. The following month, an entertainment was given at the old Richmond Theatre (Broad and Seventh streets) to raise funds to finance such a Society. Eight years later, in October 1891, there were finally enough interested persons to organize the Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The organization was incorporated in the City of Richmond in February 1892 and its first elected officers were Dr. Jud B. Wood, President; Mr. S.H. Hawes, first Vice-President; Mr. Joseph Bryan, second Vice-President; Mr. W. Ben Palmer, third Vice-President; Rev. H. Carmichael, fourth Vice-President; Mr. James Lyons, fifth Vice-President; Mr. Ira Mowery, Secretary; Mr. W. Ben Palmer, Treasurer; and MR. A.B. Guigon, Attorney. The first agent was Mr. Emmett C. Taylor, who filled this position until his death in January 1929.","For nearly twenty years the Society struggled to survive with very little money and little outside support. The city of Richmond appropriated $500 a year to help the organization fulfill its goal. These funds, with the contributions of friends and the dues from members, constituted the entire budget for the RSPCA. In 1911, the Society received the good news that it was the sole beneficiary of the estate of Louisa B. Nelle, a relative of Mrs. Palmer's. From 1917 through 1923 the work of the Society foundered, public interest languished and funds were not forthcoming. Plans for a shelter had to be put aside for the time.","In June of 1924, interest was revitalized in the Society and the Charter amended to allow for the opening of a shelter. The first shelter opened in October 1924 and housed over 950 animals in its first year. The Society was fortunate at the same time to be incorporated into the budget of the Richmond Community Fund.","Since this time the work of the Society has increased and become a well-known presence in Richmond. A new shelter was constructed in the 1960s and a cooperative arrangements negotiated with the appropriate city offices in areas where the two overlap."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, M 285, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, M 285, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of reports, statistics, promotional materials, correspondence, blueprints, clippings and miscellaneous items relating to the growth and development of the Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The bulk of the collection concerns the construction of the new shelter on Chamberlayne Avenue in the 1960s, but also includes sporadic annual reports and statistics, presidents reports and laws under investigation for the protection of animals.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of reports, statistics, promotional materials, correspondence, blueprints, clippings and miscellaneous items relating to the growth and development of the Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The bulk of the collection concerns the construction of the new shelter on Chamberlayne Avenue in the 1960s, but also includes sporadic annual reports and statistics, presidents reports and laws under investigation for the protection of animals."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Richmond, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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Notes in the program books cannot be reproduced without written permission of the author.","All literary property rights are retained by the Richmond Symphony."],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"containers_ssim":["box 7"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#252","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:16:11.514Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_193","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_193","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_193","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_193","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_193.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Richmond Symphony records","title_ssm":["Richmond Symphony records"],"title_tesim":["Richmond Symphony records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 382","/repositories/5/resources/193"],"text":["M 382","/repositories/5/resources/193","Richmond Symphony records","Collection is open to research.","Collection is in alphabetical order.","Virginia's capital had its own symphony orchestra for a brief period in the 1930s, but the present Richmond Symphony dates from 1956, when it was founded as a community orchestra. Edgar Schenkman led the orchestra as its music director and conductor from its founding until 1971, when direction was taken over by French conductor Jacques Houtmann. The Symphony expanded greatly during Houtmann's sixteen years of leadership, achieving regional orchestra status and turning its part time \"Little Symphony\" into a full time Sinfonia in 1973. The first such professional symphonic ensemble to be established in Virginia, the Richmond Sinfonia proceeded to expand its schedule, particularly in the area of in school concerts for Virginia's school children. Further performing flexibility was lent by the Symphony's String, Brass, and Woodwind Ensembles. The development of student concerts and the sponsorship of youth orchestras rounded out the Symphony's extensive involvement with music education in the state.","The Richmond Symphony continues to be the largest performing arts organization in Virginia. Concert series, both classical and popular, are held in the Richmond Mosque and the Virginia Center for the Performing Arts (Carpenter Center), a downtown theater in whose renovation the Symphony took part. These and other special performances are supported by foundations, private donations, and grants from the National Endowment for the Arts and the Virginia Commission for the Arts.","The collection consists of correspondence, musician files, concert programs, season plans, contracts, newspaper clippings and articles, Board meeting minutes, scrapbooks, photography, financial records and administrative documents, and audio-visual materials, chiefly from the 1980s through the 2000s, but also from earlier decades. A collection of related records, the RADA/Richmond Symphony Archives (M 257), is also held by Special Collections and Archives.","Recordings of the Richmond Symphony, commercial and non commercial, cannot be reproduced in any form. Notes in the program books cannot be reproduced without written permission of the author.","All literary property rights are retained by the Richmond Symphony.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Symphony","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 382","/repositories/5/resources/193"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richmond Symphony records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richmond Symphony records"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond Symphony records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Richmond Symphony"],"creator_ssim":["Richmond Symphony"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Richmond Symphony"],"creators_ssim":["Richmond Symphony"],"access_terms_ssm":["Recordings of the Richmond Symphony, commercial and non commercial, cannot be reproduced in any form. Notes in the program books cannot be reproduced without written permission of the author.","All literary property rights are retained by the Richmond Symphony."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by the Board of the Richmond Symphony in August of 2009."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["42.4 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["42.4 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is in alphabetical order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is in alphabetical order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia's capital had its own symphony orchestra for a brief period in the 1930s, but the present Richmond Symphony dates from 1956, when it was founded as a community orchestra. Edgar Schenkman led the orchestra as its music director and conductor from its founding until 1971, when direction was taken over by French conductor Jacques Houtmann. The Symphony expanded greatly during Houtmann's sixteen years of leadership, achieving regional orchestra status and turning its part time \"Little Symphony\" into a full time Sinfonia in 1973. The first such professional symphonic ensemble to be established in Virginia, the Richmond Sinfonia proceeded to expand its schedule, particularly in the area of in school concerts for Virginia's school children. Further performing flexibility was lent by the Symphony's String, Brass, and Woodwind Ensembles. The development of student concerts and the sponsorship of youth orchestras rounded out the Symphony's extensive involvement with music education in the state.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Richmond Symphony continues to be the largest performing arts organization in Virginia. Concert series, both classical and popular, are held in the Richmond Mosque and the Virginia Center for the Performing Arts (Carpenter Center), a downtown theater in whose renovation the Symphony took part. These and other special performances are supported by foundations, private donations, and grants from the National Endowment for the Arts and the Virginia Commission for the Arts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Virginia's capital had its own symphony orchestra for a brief period in the 1930s, but the present Richmond Symphony dates from 1956, when it was founded as a community orchestra. Edgar Schenkman led the orchestra as its music director and conductor from its founding until 1971, when direction was taken over by French conductor Jacques Houtmann. The Symphony expanded greatly during Houtmann's sixteen years of leadership, achieving regional orchestra status and turning its part time \"Little Symphony\" into a full time Sinfonia in 1973. The first such professional symphonic ensemble to be established in Virginia, the Richmond Sinfonia proceeded to expand its schedule, particularly in the area of in school concerts for Virginia's school children. Further performing flexibility was lent by the Symphony's String, Brass, and Woodwind Ensembles. The development of student concerts and the sponsorship of youth orchestras rounded out the Symphony's extensive involvement with music education in the state.","The Richmond Symphony continues to be the largest performing arts organization in Virginia. Concert series, both classical and popular, are held in the Richmond Mosque and the Virginia Center for the Performing Arts (Carpenter Center), a downtown theater in whose renovation the Symphony took part. These and other special performances are supported by foundations, private donations, and grants from the National Endowment for the Arts and the Virginia Commission for the Arts."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichmond Symphony Archives, Collection Number M 382, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Richmond Symphony Archives, Collection Number M 382, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of correspondence, musician files, concert programs, season plans, contracts, newspaper clippings and articles, Board meeting minutes, scrapbooks, photography, financial records and administrative documents, and audio-visual materials, chiefly from the 1980s through the 2000s, but also from earlier decades. A collection of related records, the RADA/Richmond Symphony Archives (M 257), is also held by Special Collections and Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of correspondence, musician files, concert programs, season plans, contracts, newspaper clippings and articles, Board meeting minutes, scrapbooks, photography, financial records and administrative documents, and audio-visual materials, chiefly from the 1980s through the 2000s, but also from earlier decades. A collection of related records, the RADA/Richmond Symphony Archives (M 257), is also held by Special Collections and Archives."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecordings of the Richmond Symphony, commercial and non commercial, cannot be reproduced in any form. Notes in the program books cannot be reproduced without written permission of the author.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll literary property rights are retained by the Richmond Symphony.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Recordings of the Richmond Symphony, commercial and non commercial, cannot be reproduced in any form. Notes in the program books cannot be reproduced without written permission of the author.","All literary property rights are retained by the Richmond Symphony."],"names_coll_ssim":["Richmond Symphony"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Symphony"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Symphony"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":755,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:16:11.514Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_193_c01_c253"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_534","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Richmond YWCA records","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_534#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of records created or acquired by the YWCA of Richmond in the course of its regular operations. Materials found in the collection include reports, minutes, budgets, financial records, correspondence, lists, memoranda, bylaws, attendance records, manuals, schedules, proposals, deeds, printed materials, and photographic materials dating from 1901 to 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_534#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_534","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_534","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_534","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_534","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_534.xml","title_filing_ssi":"YWCA, Richmond, Records","title_ssm":["Richmond YWCA records"],"title_tesim":["Richmond YWCA records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1901-2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1901-2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 373","/repositories/5/resources/534"],"text":["M 373","/repositories/5/resources/534","Richmond YWCA records","Collection is open to research.","The collection is divided into eleven series: Series 1: Board Committees and Records, 1946-2000; Series 2: Board of Directors and Executive Committee - Minutes and Records, 1964-1998; Series 3: Facility, Infrastructure, and Renovation Records, 1978-2001; Series 4: Financial Records and Materials, 1917-1975; Series 5: Other Financial Records, 1905-2001; Series 6: Other Financial Records - Richmond Community Fund, 1925-1949; Series 7: Papers on YWCA Properties, 1907-1986; Series 8: Staff, 1971-1992; Series 9: Other Organizational Records and Materials, 1901-2002; Series 10: Certificate, Comic, Manuals, Photographs, and Proclamations, 1931-2001; and Series 11: Architectural Drawings, Floor Plans and Site Plans, 1963-2000."," Files in series 1, series 2, and series 4 are arranged chronologically. Files in series 3, series 5, series 7, series 10, and series 11 are arranged alphabetically. Files in series 6 are grouped by type and arranged thereunder alphabetically or chronologically. Files in series 8 are arranged alphabetically by folder heading, there under chronologically. Files in Series 9 are arranged alphabetically by folder heading, and folders belonging to the file unit \"organizational materials\" are arranged thereunder alphanumerically by file code.","The YWCA (Young Women's Christian Association) is a movement made up of numerous local, national, and international organizations. These organizations seek to support and empower women, families, and communities by promoting peace and social justice. Launched in 1855 in England by a group of women concerned about the physical and spiritual welfare of young women leaving their homes in rural areas to find work in industrializing cities, the YWCA movement quickly spread to countries around the world, including the United States, where the first YWCA was organized in New York City in 1858. Over time, the work of YWCA organizations has expanded to include services, programs, and advocacy activities in the areas of fitness, women's health, employment, education, poverty, civil rights, and domestic violence."," The YWCA of Richmond was founded in 1887 as the Women's Christian Association of Richmond by a group of Richmond women who wanted to assist young women traveling to the city to work. In 1888, the group opened its first boarding house, and in 1890, established a nursery and kindergarten, Richmond's first, for the children of women working in Richmond's factories. The women staying at the boarding house were provided with access to medical care, an extensive library, sewing classes, and prayer groups. As YWCAs sprung up across the country, interest grew in promoting cooperation at the national level, and in 1907, the Richmond YWCA became a charter member of the national YWCA, later known as YWCA USA."," Membership in the YWCA of Richmond grew rapidly, and as it did, the organization was able to expand its services and programs. In 1910, the organization opened a gymnasium where young women could exercise to promote good health and relieve stress. Other programs established in the 1910s included employment referrals, meal services, sex education, English lessons, job and domestic science training, and social clubs."," With segregation firmly entrenched in Richmond, as in much of the South, the YWCA founded in 1887 only permitted white membership and provided services exclusively to white clients. However, from an early date there was strong interest, particularly among members of the African American community, in establishing a YWCA organization in Richmond to assist young, African American women and their children. In 1912, this goal was achieve when a group of over 200 Richmond women were granted a charter for the Phyllis Wheatley Branch of the YWCA of Richmond."," Over the course of the following decades, the YWCA organizations of Richmond continued to expand their services. This expansion included the addition of Girl Reserves programs, later known as Y-Teens, as well as day camps and additional recreational and exercise programing."," Efforts to bring the segregated YWCA units together began early on, but moved forward gradually. In 1925, a member of the Phyllis Wheatly Branch's management committee joined the Richmond YWCA's board of directors, and in 1930, both YWCA organizations played an active role in the creation of the Southern Commission on Interracial Cooperation. During the 1960s, all programing became fully integrated. The national YWCA identified civil rights as a priority during this time, and at its 1970 annual convention, the national YWCA announced its commitment to eliminating racism, a goal which has remained a key component of the national YWCA and the Richmond YWCA's objectives."," In addition increasing its focus on issues surrounding racism and civil rights at this time, the Richmond YWCA also began to offer more programs and services addressing sexual assault and domestic violence. The organization was one of the first in the Richmond area to establish a sexual assault center and a women's shelter, both opened in 1979. The organization also maintained its dedication to serving children during this time, establishing a preschool program of homeless children in 1989."," In 1996, the Richmond YWCA ceased to provide health and fitness services, choosing instead to focus exclusively on programs addressing domestic violence, sexual violence, and early childhood education. As of 2016, the Richmond YWCA staffed a 24 hour domestic and sexual violence hotline, provided counseling and emergency housing for survivors of domestic and sexual violence, operated an accredited preschool, and offered a variety of programs aimed at empowering women of all ages in the Greater Richmond community.","The collection consists of records created or acquired by the YWCA of Richmond in the course of its regular operations. Materials found in the collection include reports, minutes, budgets, financial records, correspondence, lists, memoranda, bylaws, attendance records, manuals, schedules, proposals, deeds, printed materials, and photographic materials dating from 1901 to 2002.","The following items have been separated from the collection and individually catalogued. They are held in the Special Collections and Archives Department. ","  Boyd, Nancy.  Emissaries, the Overseas work of the American YWCA 1895-1970 . 1986. "," Hatcher, O. Latham, Ph. D., ed.  Occupations for Women: A Study made for the Southern Women's Educational Alliance . 1927. "," National Board Young Women's Christian Associations.  Proceedings of the Fifteenth National Convention of the Young Women's Christian Association of the United States of America . Columbus, Ohio - April 22-28, 1938. Section I Business of the Convention. ","  Quayle, Margaret S.  As Told By Business Girls, Problems in Personal Adjustment . 1932. "," Rice, Anna V.  A History of the World's Young Women's Christian Association . 1947. ","  Sims, Mary S.  The Natural History of a Social Institution - The YWCA . 1936. (2 Copies)","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 373","/repositories/5/resources/534"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richmond YWCA records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richmond YWCA records"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond YWCA records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to the Department on March 6, 2004."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["16 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["16 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into eleven series: Series 1: Board Committees and Records, 1946-2000; Series 2: Board of Directors and Executive Committee - Minutes and Records, 1964-1998; Series 3: Facility, Infrastructure, and Renovation Records, 1978-2001; Series 4: Financial Records and Materials, 1917-1975; Series 5: Other Financial Records, 1905-2001; Series 6: Other Financial Records - Richmond Community Fund, 1925-1949; Series 7: Papers on YWCA Properties, 1907-1986; Series 8: Staff, 1971-1992; Series 9: Other Organizational Records and Materials, 1901-2002; Series 10: Certificate, Comic, Manuals, Photographs, and Proclamations, 1931-2001; and Series 11: Architectural Drawings, Floor Plans and Site Plans, 1963-2000.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Files in series 1, series 2, and series 4 are arranged chronologically. Files in series 3, series 5, series 7, series 10, and series 11 are arranged alphabetically. Files in series 6 are grouped by type and arranged thereunder alphabetically or chronologically. Files in series 8 are arranged alphabetically by folder heading, there under chronologically. Files in Series 9 are arranged alphabetically by folder heading, and folders belonging to the file unit \"organizational materials\" are arranged thereunder alphanumerically by file code.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into eleven series: Series 1: Board Committees and Records, 1946-2000; Series 2: Board of Directors and Executive Committee - Minutes and Records, 1964-1998; Series 3: Facility, Infrastructure, and Renovation Records, 1978-2001; Series 4: Financial Records and Materials, 1917-1975; Series 5: Other Financial Records, 1905-2001; Series 6: Other Financial Records - Richmond Community Fund, 1925-1949; Series 7: Papers on YWCA Properties, 1907-1986; Series 8: Staff, 1971-1992; Series 9: Other Organizational Records and Materials, 1901-2002; Series 10: Certificate, Comic, Manuals, Photographs, and Proclamations, 1931-2001; and Series 11: Architectural Drawings, Floor Plans and Site Plans, 1963-2000."," Files in series 1, series 2, and series 4 are arranged chronologically. Files in series 3, series 5, series 7, series 10, and series 11 are arranged alphabetically. Files in series 6 are grouped by type and arranged thereunder alphabetically or chronologically. Files in series 8 are arranged alphabetically by folder heading, there under chronologically. Files in Series 9 are arranged alphabetically by folder heading, and folders belonging to the file unit \"organizational materials\" are arranged thereunder alphanumerically by file code."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe YWCA (Young Women's Christian Association) is a movement made up of numerous local, national, and international organizations. These organizations seek to support and empower women, families, and communities by promoting peace and social justice. Launched in 1855 in England by a group of women concerned about the physical and spiritual welfare of young women leaving their homes in rural areas to find work in industrializing cities, the YWCA movement quickly spread to countries around the world, including the United States, where the first YWCA was organized in New York City in 1858. Over time, the work of YWCA organizations has expanded to include services, programs, and advocacy activities in the areas of fitness, women's health, employment, education, poverty, civil rights, and domestic violence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The YWCA of Richmond was founded in 1887 as the Women's Christian Association of Richmond by a group of Richmond women who wanted to assist young women traveling to the city to work. In 1888, the group opened its first boarding house, and in 1890, established a nursery and kindergarten, Richmond's first, for the children of women working in Richmond's factories. The women staying at the boarding house were provided with access to medical care, an extensive library, sewing classes, and prayer groups. As YWCAs sprung up across the country, interest grew in promoting cooperation at the national level, and in 1907, the Richmond YWCA became a charter member of the national YWCA, later known as YWCA USA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Membership in the YWCA of Richmond grew rapidly, and as it did, the organization was able to expand its services and programs. In 1910, the organization opened a gymnasium where young women could exercise to promote good health and relieve stress. Other programs established in the 1910s included employment referrals, meal services, sex education, English lessons, job and domestic science training, and social clubs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e With segregation firmly entrenched in Richmond, as in much of the South, the YWCA founded in 1887 only permitted white membership and provided services exclusively to white clients. However, from an early date there was strong interest, particularly among members of the African American community, in establishing a YWCA organization in Richmond to assist young, African American women and their children. In 1912, this goal was achieve when a group of over 200 Richmond women were granted a charter for the Phyllis Wheatley Branch of the YWCA of Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Over the course of the following decades, the YWCA organizations of Richmond continued to expand their services. This expansion included the addition of Girl Reserves programs, later known as Y-Teens, as well as day camps and additional recreational and exercise programing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Efforts to bring the segregated YWCA units together began early on, but moved forward gradually. In 1925, a member of the Phyllis Wheatly Branch's management committee joined the Richmond YWCA's board of directors, and in 1930, both YWCA organizations played an active role in the creation of the Southern Commission on Interracial Cooperation. During the 1960s, all programing became fully integrated. The national YWCA identified civil rights as a priority during this time, and at its 1970 annual convention, the national YWCA announced its commitment to eliminating racism, a goal which has remained a key component of the national YWCA and the Richmond YWCA's objectives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In addition increasing its focus on issues surrounding racism and civil rights at this time, the Richmond YWCA also began to offer more programs and services addressing sexual assault and domestic violence. The organization was one of the first in the Richmond area to establish a sexual assault center and a women's shelter, both opened in 1979. The organization also maintained its dedication to serving children during this time, establishing a preschool program of homeless children in 1989.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1996, the Richmond YWCA ceased to provide health and fitness services, choosing instead to focus exclusively on programs addressing domestic violence, sexual violence, and early childhood education. As of 2016, the Richmond YWCA staffed a 24 hour domestic and sexual violence hotline, provided counseling and emergency housing for survivors of domestic and sexual violence, operated an accredited preschool, and offered a variety of programs aimed at empowering women of all ages in the Greater Richmond community.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The YWCA (Young Women's Christian Association) is a movement made up of numerous local, national, and international organizations. These organizations seek to support and empower women, families, and communities by promoting peace and social justice. Launched in 1855 in England by a group of women concerned about the physical and spiritual welfare of young women leaving their homes in rural areas to find work in industrializing cities, the YWCA movement quickly spread to countries around the world, including the United States, where the first YWCA was organized in New York City in 1858. Over time, the work of YWCA organizations has expanded to include services, programs, and advocacy activities in the areas of fitness, women's health, employment, education, poverty, civil rights, and domestic violence."," The YWCA of Richmond was founded in 1887 as the Women's Christian Association of Richmond by a group of Richmond women who wanted to assist young women traveling to the city to work. In 1888, the group opened its first boarding house, and in 1890, established a nursery and kindergarten, Richmond's first, for the children of women working in Richmond's factories. The women staying at the boarding house were provided with access to medical care, an extensive library, sewing classes, and prayer groups. As YWCAs sprung up across the country, interest grew in promoting cooperation at the national level, and in 1907, the Richmond YWCA became a charter member of the national YWCA, later known as YWCA USA."," Membership in the YWCA of Richmond grew rapidly, and as it did, the organization was able to expand its services and programs. In 1910, the organization opened a gymnasium where young women could exercise to promote good health and relieve stress. Other programs established in the 1910s included employment referrals, meal services, sex education, English lessons, job and domestic science training, and social clubs."," With segregation firmly entrenched in Richmond, as in much of the South, the YWCA founded in 1887 only permitted white membership and provided services exclusively to white clients. However, from an early date there was strong interest, particularly among members of the African American community, in establishing a YWCA organization in Richmond to assist young, African American women and their children. In 1912, this goal was achieve when a group of over 200 Richmond women were granted a charter for the Phyllis Wheatley Branch of the YWCA of Richmond."," Over the course of the following decades, the YWCA organizations of Richmond continued to expand their services. This expansion included the addition of Girl Reserves programs, later known as Y-Teens, as well as day camps and additional recreational and exercise programing."," Efforts to bring the segregated YWCA units together began early on, but moved forward gradually. In 1925, a member of the Phyllis Wheatly Branch's management committee joined the Richmond YWCA's board of directors, and in 1930, both YWCA organizations played an active role in the creation of the Southern Commission on Interracial Cooperation. During the 1960s, all programing became fully integrated. The national YWCA identified civil rights as a priority during this time, and at its 1970 annual convention, the national YWCA announced its commitment to eliminating racism, a goal which has remained a key component of the national YWCA and the Richmond YWCA's objectives."," In addition increasing its focus on issues surrounding racism and civil rights at this time, the Richmond YWCA also began to offer more programs and services addressing sexual assault and domestic violence. The organization was one of the first in the Richmond area to establish a sexual assault center and a women's shelter, both opened in 1979. The organization also maintained its dedication to serving children during this time, establishing a preschool program of homeless children in 1989."," In 1996, the Richmond YWCA ceased to provide health and fitness services, choosing instead to focus exclusively on programs addressing domestic violence, sexual violence, and early childhood education. As of 2016, the Richmond YWCA staffed a 24 hour domestic and sexual violence hotline, provided counseling and emergency housing for survivors of domestic and sexual violence, operated an accredited preschool, and offered a variety of programs aimed at empowering women of all ages in the Greater Richmond community."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Richmond YWCA records, M 373, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Richmond YWCA records, M 373, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of records created or acquired by the YWCA of Richmond in the course of its regular operations. Materials found in the collection include reports, minutes, budgets, financial records, correspondence, lists, memoranda, bylaws, attendance records, manuals, schedules, proposals, deeds, printed materials, and photographic materials dating from 1901 to 2002.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of records created or acquired by the YWCA of Richmond in the course of its regular operations. Materials found in the collection include reports, minutes, budgets, financial records, correspondence, lists, memoranda, bylaws, attendance records, manuals, schedules, proposals, deeds, printed materials, and photographic materials dating from 1901 to 2002."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following items have been separated from the collection and individually catalogued. They are held in the Special Collections and Archives Department. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Boyd, Nancy. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEmissaries, the Overseas work of the American YWCA 1895-1970\u003c/title\u003e. 1986. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Hatcher, O. Latham, Ph. D., ed. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eOccupations for Women: A Study made for the Southern Women's Educational Alliance\u003c/title\u003e. 1927. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e National Board Young Women's Christian Associations. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eProceedings of the Fifteenth National Convention of the Young Women's Christian Association of the United States of America\u003c/title\u003e. Columbus, Ohio - April 22-28, 1938. Section I Business of the Convention. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Quayle, Margaret S. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAs Told By Business Girls, Problems in Personal Adjustment\u003c/title\u003e. 1932. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Rice, Anna V. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eA History of the World's Young Women's Christian Association\u003c/title\u003e. 1947. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Sims, Mary S.\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e The Natural History of a Social Institution - The YWCA\u003c/title\u003e. 1936. (2 Copies)\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following items have been separated from the collection and individually catalogued. They are held in the Special Collections and Archives Department. ","  Boyd, Nancy.  Emissaries, the Overseas work of the American YWCA 1895-1970 . 1986. "," Hatcher, O. Latham, Ph. D., ed.  Occupations for Women: A Study made for the Southern Women's Educational Alliance . 1927. "," National Board Young Women's Christian Associations.  Proceedings of the Fifteenth National Convention of the Young Women's Christian Association of the United States of America . Columbus, Ohio - April 22-28, 1938. Section I Business of the Convention. ","  Quayle, Margaret S.  As Told By Business Girls, Problems in Personal Adjustment . 1932. "," Rice, Anna V.  A History of the World's Young Women's Christian Association . 1947. ","  Sims, Mary S.  The Natural History of a Social Institution - The YWCA . 1936. (2 Copies)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":406,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:03.818Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_534","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_534","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_534","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_534","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_534.xml","title_filing_ssi":"YWCA, Richmond, Records","title_ssm":["Richmond YWCA records"],"title_tesim":["Richmond YWCA records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1901-2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1901-2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 373","/repositories/5/resources/534"],"text":["M 373","/repositories/5/resources/534","Richmond YWCA records","Collection is open to research.","The collection is divided into eleven series: Series 1: Board Committees and Records, 1946-2000; Series 2: Board of Directors and Executive Committee - Minutes and Records, 1964-1998; Series 3: Facility, Infrastructure, and Renovation Records, 1978-2001; Series 4: Financial Records and Materials, 1917-1975; Series 5: Other Financial Records, 1905-2001; Series 6: Other Financial Records - Richmond Community Fund, 1925-1949; Series 7: Papers on YWCA Properties, 1907-1986; Series 8: Staff, 1971-1992; Series 9: Other Organizational Records and Materials, 1901-2002; Series 10: Certificate, Comic, Manuals, Photographs, and Proclamations, 1931-2001; and Series 11: Architectural Drawings, Floor Plans and Site Plans, 1963-2000."," Files in series 1, series 2, and series 4 are arranged chronologically. Files in series 3, series 5, series 7, series 10, and series 11 are arranged alphabetically. Files in series 6 are grouped by type and arranged thereunder alphabetically or chronologically. Files in series 8 are arranged alphabetically by folder heading, there under chronologically. Files in Series 9 are arranged alphabetically by folder heading, and folders belonging to the file unit \"organizational materials\" are arranged thereunder alphanumerically by file code.","The YWCA (Young Women's Christian Association) is a movement made up of numerous local, national, and international organizations. These organizations seek to support and empower women, families, and communities by promoting peace and social justice. Launched in 1855 in England by a group of women concerned about the physical and spiritual welfare of young women leaving their homes in rural areas to find work in industrializing cities, the YWCA movement quickly spread to countries around the world, including the United States, where the first YWCA was organized in New York City in 1858. Over time, the work of YWCA organizations has expanded to include services, programs, and advocacy activities in the areas of fitness, women's health, employment, education, poverty, civil rights, and domestic violence."," The YWCA of Richmond was founded in 1887 as the Women's Christian Association of Richmond by a group of Richmond women who wanted to assist young women traveling to the city to work. In 1888, the group opened its first boarding house, and in 1890, established a nursery and kindergarten, Richmond's first, for the children of women working in Richmond's factories. The women staying at the boarding house were provided with access to medical care, an extensive library, sewing classes, and prayer groups. As YWCAs sprung up across the country, interest grew in promoting cooperation at the national level, and in 1907, the Richmond YWCA became a charter member of the national YWCA, later known as YWCA USA."," Membership in the YWCA of Richmond grew rapidly, and as it did, the organization was able to expand its services and programs. In 1910, the organization opened a gymnasium where young women could exercise to promote good health and relieve stress. Other programs established in the 1910s included employment referrals, meal services, sex education, English lessons, job and domestic science training, and social clubs."," With segregation firmly entrenched in Richmond, as in much of the South, the YWCA founded in 1887 only permitted white membership and provided services exclusively to white clients. However, from an early date there was strong interest, particularly among members of the African American community, in establishing a YWCA organization in Richmond to assist young, African American women and their children. In 1912, this goal was achieve when a group of over 200 Richmond women were granted a charter for the Phyllis Wheatley Branch of the YWCA of Richmond."," Over the course of the following decades, the YWCA organizations of Richmond continued to expand their services. This expansion included the addition of Girl Reserves programs, later known as Y-Teens, as well as day camps and additional recreational and exercise programing."," Efforts to bring the segregated YWCA units together began early on, but moved forward gradually. In 1925, a member of the Phyllis Wheatly Branch's management committee joined the Richmond YWCA's board of directors, and in 1930, both YWCA organizations played an active role in the creation of the Southern Commission on Interracial Cooperation. During the 1960s, all programing became fully integrated. The national YWCA identified civil rights as a priority during this time, and at its 1970 annual convention, the national YWCA announced its commitment to eliminating racism, a goal which has remained a key component of the national YWCA and the Richmond YWCA's objectives."," In addition increasing its focus on issues surrounding racism and civil rights at this time, the Richmond YWCA also began to offer more programs and services addressing sexual assault and domestic violence. The organization was one of the first in the Richmond area to establish a sexual assault center and a women's shelter, both opened in 1979. The organization also maintained its dedication to serving children during this time, establishing a preschool program of homeless children in 1989."," In 1996, the Richmond YWCA ceased to provide health and fitness services, choosing instead to focus exclusively on programs addressing domestic violence, sexual violence, and early childhood education. As of 2016, the Richmond YWCA staffed a 24 hour domestic and sexual violence hotline, provided counseling and emergency housing for survivors of domestic and sexual violence, operated an accredited preschool, and offered a variety of programs aimed at empowering women of all ages in the Greater Richmond community.","The collection consists of records created or acquired by the YWCA of Richmond in the course of its regular operations. Materials found in the collection include reports, minutes, budgets, financial records, correspondence, lists, memoranda, bylaws, attendance records, manuals, schedules, proposals, deeds, printed materials, and photographic materials dating from 1901 to 2002.","The following items have been separated from the collection and individually catalogued. They are held in the Special Collections and Archives Department. ","  Boyd, Nancy.  Emissaries, the Overseas work of the American YWCA 1895-1970 . 1986. "," Hatcher, O. Latham, Ph. D., ed.  Occupations for Women: A Study made for the Southern Women's Educational Alliance . 1927. "," National Board Young Women's Christian Associations.  Proceedings of the Fifteenth National Convention of the Young Women's Christian Association of the United States of America . Columbus, Ohio - April 22-28, 1938. Section I Business of the Convention. ","  Quayle, Margaret S.  As Told By Business Girls, Problems in Personal Adjustment . 1932. "," Rice, Anna V.  A History of the World's Young Women's Christian Association . 1947. ","  Sims, Mary S.  The Natural History of a Social Institution - The YWCA . 1936. (2 Copies)","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 373","/repositories/5/resources/534"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richmond YWCA records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richmond YWCA records"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond YWCA records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to the Department on March 6, 2004."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["16 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["16 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into eleven series: Series 1: Board Committees and Records, 1946-2000; Series 2: Board of Directors and Executive Committee - Minutes and Records, 1964-1998; Series 3: Facility, Infrastructure, and Renovation Records, 1978-2001; Series 4: Financial Records and Materials, 1917-1975; Series 5: Other Financial Records, 1905-2001; Series 6: Other Financial Records - Richmond Community Fund, 1925-1949; Series 7: Papers on YWCA Properties, 1907-1986; Series 8: Staff, 1971-1992; Series 9: Other Organizational Records and Materials, 1901-2002; Series 10: Certificate, Comic, Manuals, Photographs, and Proclamations, 1931-2001; and Series 11: Architectural Drawings, Floor Plans and Site Plans, 1963-2000.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Files in series 1, series 2, and series 4 are arranged chronologically. Files in series 3, series 5, series 7, series 10, and series 11 are arranged alphabetically. Files in series 6 are grouped by type and arranged thereunder alphabetically or chronologically. Files in series 8 are arranged alphabetically by folder heading, there under chronologically. Files in Series 9 are arranged alphabetically by folder heading, and folders belonging to the file unit \"organizational materials\" are arranged thereunder alphanumerically by file code.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into eleven series: Series 1: Board Committees and Records, 1946-2000; Series 2: Board of Directors and Executive Committee - Minutes and Records, 1964-1998; Series 3: Facility, Infrastructure, and Renovation Records, 1978-2001; Series 4: Financial Records and Materials, 1917-1975; Series 5: Other Financial Records, 1905-2001; Series 6: Other Financial Records - Richmond Community Fund, 1925-1949; Series 7: Papers on YWCA Properties, 1907-1986; Series 8: Staff, 1971-1992; Series 9: Other Organizational Records and Materials, 1901-2002; Series 10: Certificate, Comic, Manuals, Photographs, and Proclamations, 1931-2001; and Series 11: Architectural Drawings, Floor Plans and Site Plans, 1963-2000."," Files in series 1, series 2, and series 4 are arranged chronologically. Files in series 3, series 5, series 7, series 10, and series 11 are arranged alphabetically. Files in series 6 are grouped by type and arranged thereunder alphabetically or chronologically. Files in series 8 are arranged alphabetically by folder heading, there under chronologically. Files in Series 9 are arranged alphabetically by folder heading, and folders belonging to the file unit \"organizational materials\" are arranged thereunder alphanumerically by file code."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe YWCA (Young Women's Christian Association) is a movement made up of numerous local, national, and international organizations. These organizations seek to support and empower women, families, and communities by promoting peace and social justice. Launched in 1855 in England by a group of women concerned about the physical and spiritual welfare of young women leaving their homes in rural areas to find work in industrializing cities, the YWCA movement quickly spread to countries around the world, including the United States, where the first YWCA was organized in New York City in 1858. Over time, the work of YWCA organizations has expanded to include services, programs, and advocacy activities in the areas of fitness, women's health, employment, education, poverty, civil rights, and domestic violence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The YWCA of Richmond was founded in 1887 as the Women's Christian Association of Richmond by a group of Richmond women who wanted to assist young women traveling to the city to work. In 1888, the group opened its first boarding house, and in 1890, established a nursery and kindergarten, Richmond's first, for the children of women working in Richmond's factories. The women staying at the boarding house were provided with access to medical care, an extensive library, sewing classes, and prayer groups. As YWCAs sprung up across the country, interest grew in promoting cooperation at the national level, and in 1907, the Richmond YWCA became a charter member of the national YWCA, later known as YWCA USA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Membership in the YWCA of Richmond grew rapidly, and as it did, the organization was able to expand its services and programs. In 1910, the organization opened a gymnasium where young women could exercise to promote good health and relieve stress. Other programs established in the 1910s included employment referrals, meal services, sex education, English lessons, job and domestic science training, and social clubs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e With segregation firmly entrenched in Richmond, as in much of the South, the YWCA founded in 1887 only permitted white membership and provided services exclusively to white clients. However, from an early date there was strong interest, particularly among members of the African American community, in establishing a YWCA organization in Richmond to assist young, African American women and their children. In 1912, this goal was achieve when a group of over 200 Richmond women were granted a charter for the Phyllis Wheatley Branch of the YWCA of Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Over the course of the following decades, the YWCA organizations of Richmond continued to expand their services. This expansion included the addition of Girl Reserves programs, later known as Y-Teens, as well as day camps and additional recreational and exercise programing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Efforts to bring the segregated YWCA units together began early on, but moved forward gradually. In 1925, a member of the Phyllis Wheatly Branch's management committee joined the Richmond YWCA's board of directors, and in 1930, both YWCA organizations played an active role in the creation of the Southern Commission on Interracial Cooperation. During the 1960s, all programing became fully integrated. The national YWCA identified civil rights as a priority during this time, and at its 1970 annual convention, the national YWCA announced its commitment to eliminating racism, a goal which has remained a key component of the national YWCA and the Richmond YWCA's objectives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In addition increasing its focus on issues surrounding racism and civil rights at this time, the Richmond YWCA also began to offer more programs and services addressing sexual assault and domestic violence. The organization was one of the first in the Richmond area to establish a sexual assault center and a women's shelter, both opened in 1979. The organization also maintained its dedication to serving children during this time, establishing a preschool program of homeless children in 1989.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1996, the Richmond YWCA ceased to provide health and fitness services, choosing instead to focus exclusively on programs addressing domestic violence, sexual violence, and early childhood education. As of 2016, the Richmond YWCA staffed a 24 hour domestic and sexual violence hotline, provided counseling and emergency housing for survivors of domestic and sexual violence, operated an accredited preschool, and offered a variety of programs aimed at empowering women of all ages in the Greater Richmond community.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The YWCA (Young Women's Christian Association) is a movement made up of numerous local, national, and international organizations. These organizations seek to support and empower women, families, and communities by promoting peace and social justice. Launched in 1855 in England by a group of women concerned about the physical and spiritual welfare of young women leaving their homes in rural areas to find work in industrializing cities, the YWCA movement quickly spread to countries around the world, including the United States, where the first YWCA was organized in New York City in 1858. Over time, the work of YWCA organizations has expanded to include services, programs, and advocacy activities in the areas of fitness, women's health, employment, education, poverty, civil rights, and domestic violence."," The YWCA of Richmond was founded in 1887 as the Women's Christian Association of Richmond by a group of Richmond women who wanted to assist young women traveling to the city to work. In 1888, the group opened its first boarding house, and in 1890, established a nursery and kindergarten, Richmond's first, for the children of women working in Richmond's factories. The women staying at the boarding house were provided with access to medical care, an extensive library, sewing classes, and prayer groups. As YWCAs sprung up across the country, interest grew in promoting cooperation at the national level, and in 1907, the Richmond YWCA became a charter member of the national YWCA, later known as YWCA USA."," Membership in the YWCA of Richmond grew rapidly, and as it did, the organization was able to expand its services and programs. In 1910, the organization opened a gymnasium where young women could exercise to promote good health and relieve stress. Other programs established in the 1910s included employment referrals, meal services, sex education, English lessons, job and domestic science training, and social clubs."," With segregation firmly entrenched in Richmond, as in much of the South, the YWCA founded in 1887 only permitted white membership and provided services exclusively to white clients. However, from an early date there was strong interest, particularly among members of the African American community, in establishing a YWCA organization in Richmond to assist young, African American women and their children. In 1912, this goal was achieve when a group of over 200 Richmond women were granted a charter for the Phyllis Wheatley Branch of the YWCA of Richmond."," Over the course of the following decades, the YWCA organizations of Richmond continued to expand their services. This expansion included the addition of Girl Reserves programs, later known as Y-Teens, as well as day camps and additional recreational and exercise programing."," Efforts to bring the segregated YWCA units together began early on, but moved forward gradually. In 1925, a member of the Phyllis Wheatly Branch's management committee joined the Richmond YWCA's board of directors, and in 1930, both YWCA organizations played an active role in the creation of the Southern Commission on Interracial Cooperation. During the 1960s, all programing became fully integrated. The national YWCA identified civil rights as a priority during this time, and at its 1970 annual convention, the national YWCA announced its commitment to eliminating racism, a goal which has remained a key component of the national YWCA and the Richmond YWCA's objectives."," In addition increasing its focus on issues surrounding racism and civil rights at this time, the Richmond YWCA also began to offer more programs and services addressing sexual assault and domestic violence. The organization was one of the first in the Richmond area to establish a sexual assault center and a women's shelter, both opened in 1979. The organization also maintained its dedication to serving children during this time, establishing a preschool program of homeless children in 1989."," In 1996, the Richmond YWCA ceased to provide health and fitness services, choosing instead to focus exclusively on programs addressing domestic violence, sexual violence, and early childhood education. As of 2016, the Richmond YWCA staffed a 24 hour domestic and sexual violence hotline, provided counseling and emergency housing for survivors of domestic and sexual violence, operated an accredited preschool, and offered a variety of programs aimed at empowering women of all ages in the Greater Richmond community."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Richmond YWCA records, M 373, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Richmond YWCA records, M 373, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of records created or acquired by the YWCA of Richmond in the course of its regular operations. Materials found in the collection include reports, minutes, budgets, financial records, correspondence, lists, memoranda, bylaws, attendance records, manuals, schedules, proposals, deeds, printed materials, and photographic materials dating from 1901 to 2002.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of records created or acquired by the YWCA of Richmond in the course of its regular operations. Materials found in the collection include reports, minutes, budgets, financial records, correspondence, lists, memoranda, bylaws, attendance records, manuals, schedules, proposals, deeds, printed materials, and photographic materials dating from 1901 to 2002."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following items have been separated from the collection and individually catalogued. They are held in the Special Collections and Archives Department. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Boyd, Nancy. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEmissaries, the Overseas work of the American YWCA 1895-1970\u003c/title\u003e. 1986. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Hatcher, O. Latham, Ph. D., ed. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eOccupations for Women: A Study made for the Southern Women's Educational Alliance\u003c/title\u003e. 1927. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e National Board Young Women's Christian Associations. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eProceedings of the Fifteenth National Convention of the Young Women's Christian Association of the United States of America\u003c/title\u003e. Columbus, Ohio - April 22-28, 1938. Section I Business of the Convention. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Quayle, Margaret S. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAs Told By Business Girls, Problems in Personal Adjustment\u003c/title\u003e. 1932. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Rice, Anna V. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eA History of the World's Young Women's Christian Association\u003c/title\u003e. 1947. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Sims, Mary S.\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e The Natural History of a Social Institution - The YWCA\u003c/title\u003e. 1936. (2 Copies)\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following items have been separated from the collection and individually catalogued. They are held in the Special Collections and Archives Department. ","  Boyd, Nancy.  Emissaries, the Overseas work of the American YWCA 1895-1970 . 1986. "," Hatcher, O. Latham, Ph. D., ed.  Occupations for Women: A Study made for the Southern Women's Educational Alliance . 1927. "," National Board Young Women's Christian Associations.  Proceedings of the Fifteenth National Convention of the Young Women's Christian Association of the United States of America . Columbus, Ohio - April 22-28, 1938. Section I Business of the Convention. ","  Quayle, Margaret S.  As Told By Business Girls, Problems in Personal Adjustment . 1932. "," Rice, Anna V.  A History of the World's Young Women's Christian Association . 1947. ","  Sims, Mary S.  The Natural History of a Social Institution - The YWCA . 1936. (2 Copies)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":406,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:03.818Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_534"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_77","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Richmond YWCA records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_77#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"YWCA (Richmond, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_77#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of general files, committee minutes, forms from various camps, scrapbooks, photographs and case studies. The materials cover the period from 1893 to 1980. The majority of the materials in the Executive Director Files are organizations affiliated with the YWCA. Few of the Executive Director Files contain minutes or correspondence from the executive directors branch in Richmond. Activities held on the Richmond premises are documented in the executive director's files. A majority of the Board of Director files are based on board minutes, related information, and the nominating committee files. Materials from the Constitution, History, and Documents files contain revisions of their constitution and bylaws. There are also many documents on the history of the YWCA in Greater Richmond. National documents are included in the files as well, such as national convention documents.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_77#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_77","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_77","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_77","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_77","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_77.xml","title_ssm":["Richmond YWCA records"],"title_tesim":["Richmond YWCA records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1893-1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1893-1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 177","/repositories/5/resources/77"],"text":["M 177","/repositories/5/resources/77","Richmond YWCA records","Social action -- Sources -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Youth -- Sources -- Services for -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women -- Sources -- Services for -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Young Women's Christian associations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Social group work -- Sources -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Case study files are restricted","The executive director's files are arranged alphabetically by subject. The series are arranged alphabetically and then chronologically. Scrapbooks are located in the oversize area with other scrapbooks. The collection is arranged in 11 series: Series I--Executive Director (1947-1977); Series II--Board of Directors (1904-1977); Series III--Constitution, History and Documents (1893-1969); Series IV--Budgets (1922-1977); Series V--Camps (1932-1970); Series VI--Case Studies (n.d.) [Restricted]; Series VII--Committees and Programs (1916-1980); Series VIII--General Files (1933-1980); Series IX--City Study (n.d.); Series X--Photographs; Series XI--Scrapbooks.","The YWCA is a national and world-wide fellowship of individuals who strive to help girls develop in all areas. Principles and goals are implemented in their daily interaction with members of the organization, such as building moral character and developing leadership qualities to teach teamwork. Training girls and young women to grow in the knowledge and love of God is another characteristic that the YWCA incorporates in their daily interaction. ","Among others in the meeting at St. Paul's Church in Richmond, Mrs. Emily Fairfax Whittle was the primary founder of the YWCA of Greater Richmond in May 16, 1887. Mrs. Whittle and others in the meeting wanted to help the women who left the shelter of their home to seek outside fortune. As a result of the group's concern, the association's purpose was to protect and provide help for those women who left their home. It was not until 1890 when the association was chartered and Mrs. Whittle was the first president. Several years later, the organization strengthened and was able to buy two connecting houses. The houses accommodated 45 girls. By 1906, the name was amended to the Young Womens Christian Association. A progressive era of the association had developed with Hawes as president in 1911. Under her services, the Phyllis Wheatly Branch for colored women was established and they also became affiliated with the National YMCA. Since 1924, they have been a member of the United Givers Fund and many other supportive organizations that help better the nation. By 1932, the association was becoming involved in group programs for girls, such as day camps and Y-teens. In 1950, clubs were formed, such as the city wide club. Current situations that continue to influence the world or the complexities of our modern life are issues the YWCA addresses through programs and meetings.The records of the executive directors begin with Mrs. Cromwell in 1947. The last record on file is in 1977 with Mrs. Robinson as executive director.","The collection consists of general files, committee minutes, forms from various camps, scrapbooks, photographs and case studies. The materials cover the period from 1893 to 1980. The majority of the materials in the Executive Director Files are organizations affiliated with the YWCA. Few of the Executive Director Files contain minutes or correspondence from the executive directors branch in Richmond. Activities held on the Richmond premises are documented in the executive director's files. A majority of the Board of Director files are based on board minutes, related information, and the nominating committee files. Materials from the Constitution, History, and Documents files contain revisions of their constitution and bylaws. There are also many documents on the history of the YWCA in Greater Richmond. National documents are included in the files as well, such as national convention documents.","Series I--Executive Director (1947-1977) The YWCA has been active in their community and around the nation. Programs that help individuals and provide fellowship for everyone are common goals of the organizations that are affiliated with the YWCA. The USO, United Service Organization, in 1950-1958 was one of the earliest documented organizations they participated in to help women and girls grow in all areas. In 1951-1957, the YWCA was a member of the Richmond Area Community Chest. Newsletters, legislative matters, and recreation agencies are ways the YWCA contributed as a member of the organization. After the Community Chest changed their name to The United Givers Fund, the YWCA continued as a member from 1962-1967. In 1958, they joined the Recreation and Roundtable and they continued as a member until 1977. The Richmond International Council, from 1964-1971, was another program the YWCA was involved in to help the people of Richmond. The National Interracial Project, from 1945-1956, was documented as one of the earliest projects the YWCA joined. In 1969-1970, the YWCA continued to support anti-racism through a project called Eliminating Racism. Moreover, they became politically involved in many issues that was advocating individual rights. By 1947, the YWCA was a member of The Virginia Child Labor Committee. Their goal was to try to amend the old Virginia Labor Law. Two executive committee minutes that are documented are in 1947 and 1949. The only documented correspondence is in 1952 with Mrs. Dorothy Richardson as the executive director. The first documented executive director is in 1947 with Mrs. Lillie V.Cromwell as the executive director. There were programs that were created from the YWCA and held at the YWCA site, such as the summer youth programs from 1968-1970. The Saturday night dances were also held at the YWCA from 1948-1954. The joint building project for the YWCA and YMCA was discussed and planned from 1947-1957. The types of materials in the folders are pamphlets, papers, newsletters, and bound books with their agendas and finances.","Series II--Board of Directors (1904-1977) The Board of Directors files consists of three main categories- minutes, nominating committee, and general information on the Richmond YWCA. Board of Director files that include general information on the YWCA range from 1904-1977. These documents include information about resignations of employees, the YWCA's philosophies, and insight on the members. The years 1910-1917, 1925, 1929, 1930, and 1931 are not included in the board files. Board of Director's minutes span the years 1919 to 1971 except for the years 1929, 1939, 1949, 1960, 1963, and 1963. The nominating committee suggested names and nominated members for vacancies on the Board of Directors. Records of the nominating committee date from 1936 to 1977 with the following gaps: 1937, 1974, and 1975. A subseries is designated as Annual Reports in the Board of Directors file that consists of all the committee minutes and general reports on the committees. Subseries A consists of the Annual reports from 1893-1977 except for the following years: 1897, 1898, 1902, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1944, 1960-68, 1972, 1973, and 1975. Annual reports include reports on the committees in the YWCA. Moreover, statistical, narrative, and membership monthly reports are included in the Annual reports. Some Annual reports are in bound books, notebooks, or loose documents. The Index to Committees in the Annual reports are the minutes of committee meetings. From 1960-1968, Annual reports are filed under a different heading called the Departmental reports, but contain the same type of information as the Annual reports of earlier years. Minutes from the Annual report, board, and executive committees are listed in the Index to the Committee. Reports of general and assistant secretaries can also be found in the index files. From 1960-1977 there are yearly booklets of the YWCA's annual searchlights, noting memorable days of that particular year. Moreover, the searchlight booklets include the members on the board, trustees, and short reports on the departments. A service was held each year and the searchlight was used in the service.","Series III-Constitution, History, and Documents (1892-1985). The YWCA of Greater Richmond revised their constitution and by laws many times throughout the year; however the following years are documented: 1929, 1936, 1939, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1951, 1966, 1969, and 1975. Anniversaries were shared and celebrated among members of the YWCA. Pamphlets and documents concerning anniversary celebrations are documented in 1892, 1915, 1939, 1948, and 1962. There are lot of materials on the history of the YWCA in Greater Richmond. Dates, times, and places are documented to show the improvements and advancements of the organization. Layouts of the different branches are also provided in the files. National YWCA information is also included in the files, such as the national conventions. The following years are documented: 1915, 1936, 1946, 1949, 1955, 1969, 1970, and 1976. Annual reports of the national YWCA are documented in 1898 and 1959-61. The meetings were held in Quebec and New York. Moreover, the national YWCA devised a standards study booklet in 1936-1938. Biennial conferences and conventions of the International YWCA are documented in 1897, 1899, 1911, and 1913.","No restrictions on use.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","YWCA (Richmond, Va.)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 177","/repositories/5/resources/77"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richmond YWCA records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richmond YWCA records"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond YWCA records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["YWCA (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["YWCA (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["YWCA (Richmond, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["YWCA (Richmond, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["No restrictions on use."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was a gift from the YWCA of Greater Richmond to the Special Collections and Archives Department on 8 March, 1983."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Social action -- Sources -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Youth -- Sources -- Services for -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women -- Sources -- Services for -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Young Women's Christian associations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Social group work -- Sources -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Social action -- Sources -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Youth -- Sources -- Services for -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women -- Sources -- Services for -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Young Women's Christian associations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Social group work -- Sources -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["42.6 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["42.6 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCase study files are restricted\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Case study files are restricted"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe executive director's files are arranged alphabetically by subject. The series are arranged alphabetically and then chronologically. Scrapbooks are located in the oversize area with other scrapbooks. The collection is arranged in 11 series: Series I--Executive Director (1947-1977); Series II--Board of Directors (1904-1977); Series III--Constitution, History and Documents (1893-1969); Series IV--Budgets (1922-1977); Series V--Camps (1932-1970); Series VI--Case Studies (n.d.) [Restricted]; Series VII--Committees and Programs (1916-1980); Series VIII--General Files (1933-1980); Series IX--City Study (n.d.); Series X--Photographs; Series XI--Scrapbooks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The executive director's files are arranged alphabetically by subject. The series are arranged alphabetically and then chronologically. Scrapbooks are located in the oversize area with other scrapbooks. The collection is arranged in 11 series: Series I--Executive Director (1947-1977); Series II--Board of Directors (1904-1977); Series III--Constitution, History and Documents (1893-1969); Series IV--Budgets (1922-1977); Series V--Camps (1932-1970); Series VI--Case Studies (n.d.) [Restricted]; Series VII--Committees and Programs (1916-1980); Series VIII--General Files (1933-1980); Series IX--City Study (n.d.); Series X--Photographs; Series XI--Scrapbooks."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe YWCA is a national and world-wide fellowship of individuals who strive to help girls develop in all areas. Principles and goals are implemented in their daily interaction with members of the organization, such as building moral character and developing leadership qualities to teach teamwork. Training girls and young women to grow in the knowledge and love of God is another characteristic that the YWCA incorporates in their daily interaction. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmong others in the meeting at St. Paul's Church in Richmond, Mrs. Emily Fairfax Whittle was the primary founder of the YWCA of Greater Richmond in May 16, 1887. Mrs. Whittle and others in the meeting wanted to help the women who left the shelter of their home to seek outside fortune. As a result of the group's concern, the association's purpose was to protect and provide help for those women who left their home. It was not until 1890 when the association was chartered and Mrs. Whittle was the first president. Several years later, the organization strengthened and was able to buy two connecting houses. The houses accommodated 45 girls. By 1906, the name was amended to the Young Womens Christian Association. A progressive era of the association had developed with Hawes as president in 1911. Under her services, the Phyllis Wheatly Branch for colored women was established and they also became affiliated with the National YMCA. Since 1924, they have been a member of the United Givers Fund and many other supportive organizations that help better the nation. By 1932, the association was becoming involved in group programs for girls, such as day camps and Y-teens. In 1950, clubs were formed, such as the city wide club. Current situations that continue to influence the world or the complexities of our modern life are issues the YWCA addresses through programs and meetings.The records of the executive directors begin with Mrs. Cromwell in 1947. The last record on file is in 1977 with Mrs. Robinson as executive director.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The YWCA is a national and world-wide fellowship of individuals who strive to help girls develop in all areas. Principles and goals are implemented in their daily interaction with members of the organization, such as building moral character and developing leadership qualities to teach teamwork. Training girls and young women to grow in the knowledge and love of God is another characteristic that the YWCA incorporates in their daily interaction. ","Among others in the meeting at St. Paul's Church in Richmond, Mrs. Emily Fairfax Whittle was the primary founder of the YWCA of Greater Richmond in May 16, 1887. Mrs. Whittle and others in the meeting wanted to help the women who left the shelter of their home to seek outside fortune. As a result of the group's concern, the association's purpose was to protect and provide help for those women who left their home. It was not until 1890 when the association was chartered and Mrs. Whittle was the first president. Several years later, the organization strengthened and was able to buy two connecting houses. The houses accommodated 45 girls. By 1906, the name was amended to the Young Womens Christian Association. A progressive era of the association had developed with Hawes as president in 1911. Under her services, the Phyllis Wheatly Branch for colored women was established and they also became affiliated with the National YMCA. Since 1924, they have been a member of the United Givers Fund and many other supportive organizations that help better the nation. By 1932, the association was becoming involved in group programs for girls, such as day camps and Y-teens. In 1950, clubs were formed, such as the city wide club. Current situations that continue to influence the world or the complexities of our modern life are issues the YWCA addresses through programs and meetings.The records of the executive directors begin with Mrs. Cromwell in 1947. The last record on file is in 1977 with Mrs. Robinson as executive director."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Richmond YWCA Archives, M 177, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Richmond YWCA Archives, M 177, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of general files, committee minutes, forms from various camps, scrapbooks, photographs and case studies. The materials cover the period from 1893 to 1980. The majority of the materials in the Executive Director Files are organizations affiliated with the YWCA. Few of the Executive Director Files contain minutes or correspondence from the executive directors branch in Richmond. Activities held on the Richmond premises are documented in the executive director's files. A majority of the Board of Director files are based on board minutes, related information, and the nominating committee files. Materials from the Constitution, History, and Documents files contain revisions of their constitution and bylaws. There are also many documents on the history of the YWCA in Greater Richmond. National documents are included in the files as well, such as national convention documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I--Executive Director (1947-1977) The YWCA has been active in their community and around the nation. Programs that help individuals and provide fellowship for everyone are common goals of the organizations that are affiliated with the YWCA. The USO, United Service Organization, in 1950-1958 was one of the earliest documented organizations they participated in to help women and girls grow in all areas. In 1951-1957, the YWCA was a member of the Richmond Area Community Chest. Newsletters, legislative matters, and recreation agencies are ways the YWCA contributed as a member of the organization. After the Community Chest changed their name to The United Givers Fund, the YWCA continued as a member from 1962-1967. In 1958, they joined the Recreation and Roundtable and they continued as a member until 1977. The Richmond International Council, from 1964-1971, was another program the YWCA was involved in to help the people of Richmond. The National Interracial Project, from 1945-1956, was documented as one of the earliest projects the YWCA joined. In 1969-1970, the YWCA continued to support anti-racism through a project called Eliminating Racism. Moreover, they became politically involved in many issues that was advocating individual rights. By 1947, the YWCA was a member of The Virginia Child Labor Committee. Their goal was to try to amend the old Virginia Labor Law. Two executive committee minutes that are documented are in 1947 and 1949. The only documented correspondence is in 1952 with Mrs. Dorothy Richardson as the executive director. The first documented executive director is in 1947 with Mrs. Lillie V.Cromwell as the executive director. There were programs that were created from the YWCA and held at the YWCA site, such as the summer youth programs from 1968-1970. The Saturday night dances were also held at the YWCA from 1948-1954. The joint building project for the YWCA and YMCA was discussed and planned from 1947-1957. The types of materials in the folders are pamphlets, papers, newsletters, and bound books with their agendas and finances.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II--Board of Directors (1904-1977) The Board of Directors files consists of three main categories- minutes, nominating committee, and general information on the Richmond YWCA. Board of Director files that include general information on the YWCA range from 1904-1977. These documents include information about resignations of employees, the YWCA's philosophies, and insight on the members. The years 1910-1917, 1925, 1929, 1930, and 1931 are not included in the board files. Board of Director's minutes span the years 1919 to 1971 except for the years 1929, 1939, 1949, 1960, 1963, and 1963. The nominating committee suggested names and nominated members for vacancies on the Board of Directors. Records of the nominating committee date from 1936 to 1977 with the following gaps: 1937, 1974, and 1975. A subseries is designated as Annual Reports in the Board of Directors file that consists of all the committee minutes and general reports on the committees. Subseries A consists of the Annual reports from 1893-1977 except for the following years: 1897, 1898, 1902, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1944, 1960-68, 1972, 1973, and 1975. Annual reports include reports on the committees in the YWCA. Moreover, statistical, narrative, and membership monthly reports are included in the Annual reports. Some Annual reports are in bound books, notebooks, or loose documents. The Index to Committees in the Annual reports are the minutes of committee meetings. From 1960-1968, Annual reports are filed under a different heading called the Departmental reports, but contain the same type of information as the Annual reports of earlier years. Minutes from the Annual report, board, and executive committees are listed in the Index to the Committee. Reports of general and assistant secretaries can also be found in the index files. From 1960-1977 there are yearly booklets of the YWCA's annual searchlights, noting memorable days of that particular year. Moreover, the searchlight booklets include the members on the board, trustees, and short reports on the departments. A service was held each year and the searchlight was used in the service.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III-Constitution, History, and Documents (1892-1985). The YWCA of Greater Richmond revised their constitution and by laws many times throughout the year; however the following years are documented: 1929, 1936, 1939, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1951, 1966, 1969, and 1975. Anniversaries were shared and celebrated among members of the YWCA. Pamphlets and documents concerning anniversary celebrations are documented in 1892, 1915, 1939, 1948, and 1962. There are lot of materials on the history of the YWCA in Greater Richmond. Dates, times, and places are documented to show the improvements and advancements of the organization. Layouts of the different branches are also provided in the files. National YWCA information is also included in the files, such as the national conventions. The following years are documented: 1915, 1936, 1946, 1949, 1955, 1969, 1970, and 1976. Annual reports of the national YWCA are documented in 1898 and 1959-61. The meetings were held in Quebec and New York. Moreover, the national YWCA devised a standards study booklet in 1936-1938. Biennial conferences and conventions of the International YWCA are documented in 1897, 1899, 1911, and 1913.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of general files, committee minutes, forms from various camps, scrapbooks, photographs and case studies. The materials cover the period from 1893 to 1980. The majority of the materials in the Executive Director Files are organizations affiliated with the YWCA. Few of the Executive Director Files contain minutes or correspondence from the executive directors branch in Richmond. Activities held on the Richmond premises are documented in the executive director's files. A majority of the Board of Director files are based on board minutes, related information, and the nominating committee files. Materials from the Constitution, History, and Documents files contain revisions of their constitution and bylaws. There are also many documents on the history of the YWCA in Greater Richmond. National documents are included in the files as well, such as national convention documents.","Series I--Executive Director (1947-1977) The YWCA has been active in their community and around the nation. Programs that help individuals and provide fellowship for everyone are common goals of the organizations that are affiliated with the YWCA. The USO, United Service Organization, in 1950-1958 was one of the earliest documented organizations they participated in to help women and girls grow in all areas. In 1951-1957, the YWCA was a member of the Richmond Area Community Chest. Newsletters, legislative matters, and recreation agencies are ways the YWCA contributed as a member of the organization. After the Community Chest changed their name to The United Givers Fund, the YWCA continued as a member from 1962-1967. In 1958, they joined the Recreation and Roundtable and they continued as a member until 1977. The Richmond International Council, from 1964-1971, was another program the YWCA was involved in to help the people of Richmond. The National Interracial Project, from 1945-1956, was documented as one of the earliest projects the YWCA joined. In 1969-1970, the YWCA continued to support anti-racism through a project called Eliminating Racism. Moreover, they became politically involved in many issues that was advocating individual rights. By 1947, the YWCA was a member of The Virginia Child Labor Committee. Their goal was to try to amend the old Virginia Labor Law. Two executive committee minutes that are documented are in 1947 and 1949. The only documented correspondence is in 1952 with Mrs. Dorothy Richardson as the executive director. The first documented executive director is in 1947 with Mrs. Lillie V.Cromwell as the executive director. There were programs that were created from the YWCA and held at the YWCA site, such as the summer youth programs from 1968-1970. The Saturday night dances were also held at the YWCA from 1948-1954. The joint building project for the YWCA and YMCA was discussed and planned from 1947-1957. The types of materials in the folders are pamphlets, papers, newsletters, and bound books with their agendas and finances.","Series II--Board of Directors (1904-1977) The Board of Directors files consists of three main categories- minutes, nominating committee, and general information on the Richmond YWCA. Board of Director files that include general information on the YWCA range from 1904-1977. These documents include information about resignations of employees, the YWCA's philosophies, and insight on the members. The years 1910-1917, 1925, 1929, 1930, and 1931 are not included in the board files. Board of Director's minutes span the years 1919 to 1971 except for the years 1929, 1939, 1949, 1960, 1963, and 1963. The nominating committee suggested names and nominated members for vacancies on the Board of Directors. Records of the nominating committee date from 1936 to 1977 with the following gaps: 1937, 1974, and 1975. A subseries is designated as Annual Reports in the Board of Directors file that consists of all the committee minutes and general reports on the committees. Subseries A consists of the Annual reports from 1893-1977 except for the following years: 1897, 1898, 1902, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1944, 1960-68, 1972, 1973, and 1975. Annual reports include reports on the committees in the YWCA. Moreover, statistical, narrative, and membership monthly reports are included in the Annual reports. Some Annual reports are in bound books, notebooks, or loose documents. The Index to Committees in the Annual reports are the minutes of committee meetings. From 1960-1968, Annual reports are filed under a different heading called the Departmental reports, but contain the same type of information as the Annual reports of earlier years. Minutes from the Annual report, board, and executive committees are listed in the Index to the Committee. Reports of general and assistant secretaries can also be found in the index files. From 1960-1977 there are yearly booklets of the YWCA's annual searchlights, noting memorable days of that particular year. Moreover, the searchlight booklets include the members on the board, trustees, and short reports on the departments. A service was held each year and the searchlight was used in the service.","Series III-Constitution, History, and Documents (1892-1985). The YWCA of Greater Richmond revised their constitution and by laws many times throughout the year; however the following years are documented: 1929, 1936, 1939, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1951, 1966, 1969, and 1975. Anniversaries were shared and celebrated among members of the YWCA. Pamphlets and documents concerning anniversary celebrations are documented in 1892, 1915, 1939, 1948, and 1962. There are lot of materials on the history of the YWCA in Greater Richmond. Dates, times, and places are documented to show the improvements and advancements of the organization. Layouts of the different branches are also provided in the files. National YWCA information is also included in the files, such as the national conventions. The following years are documented: 1915, 1936, 1946, 1949, 1955, 1969, 1970, and 1976. Annual reports of the national YWCA are documented in 1898 and 1959-61. The meetings were held in Quebec and New York. Moreover, the national YWCA devised a standards study booklet in 1936-1938. Biennial conferences and conventions of the International YWCA are documented in 1897, 1899, 1911, and 1913."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo restrictions on use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No restrictions on use."],"names_coll_ssim":["YWCA (Richmond, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","YWCA (Richmond, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","YWCA (Richmond, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1226,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:14:44.484Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_77","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_77","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_77","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_77","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_77.xml","title_ssm":["Richmond YWCA records"],"title_tesim":["Richmond YWCA records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1893-1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1893-1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 177","/repositories/5/resources/77"],"text":["M 177","/repositories/5/resources/77","Richmond YWCA records","Social action -- Sources -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Youth -- Sources -- Services for -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women -- Sources -- Services for -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Young Women's Christian associations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Social group work -- Sources -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Case study files are restricted","The executive director's files are arranged alphabetically by subject. The series are arranged alphabetically and then chronologically. Scrapbooks are located in the oversize area with other scrapbooks. The collection is arranged in 11 series: Series I--Executive Director (1947-1977); Series II--Board of Directors (1904-1977); Series III--Constitution, History and Documents (1893-1969); Series IV--Budgets (1922-1977); Series V--Camps (1932-1970); Series VI--Case Studies (n.d.) [Restricted]; Series VII--Committees and Programs (1916-1980); Series VIII--General Files (1933-1980); Series IX--City Study (n.d.); Series X--Photographs; Series XI--Scrapbooks.","The YWCA is a national and world-wide fellowship of individuals who strive to help girls develop in all areas. Principles and goals are implemented in their daily interaction with members of the organization, such as building moral character and developing leadership qualities to teach teamwork. Training girls and young women to grow in the knowledge and love of God is another characteristic that the YWCA incorporates in their daily interaction. ","Among others in the meeting at St. Paul's Church in Richmond, Mrs. Emily Fairfax Whittle was the primary founder of the YWCA of Greater Richmond in May 16, 1887. Mrs. Whittle and others in the meeting wanted to help the women who left the shelter of their home to seek outside fortune. As a result of the group's concern, the association's purpose was to protect and provide help for those women who left their home. It was not until 1890 when the association was chartered and Mrs. Whittle was the first president. Several years later, the organization strengthened and was able to buy two connecting houses. The houses accommodated 45 girls. By 1906, the name was amended to the Young Womens Christian Association. A progressive era of the association had developed with Hawes as president in 1911. Under her services, the Phyllis Wheatly Branch for colored women was established and they also became affiliated with the National YMCA. Since 1924, they have been a member of the United Givers Fund and many other supportive organizations that help better the nation. By 1932, the association was becoming involved in group programs for girls, such as day camps and Y-teens. In 1950, clubs were formed, such as the city wide club. Current situations that continue to influence the world or the complexities of our modern life are issues the YWCA addresses through programs and meetings.The records of the executive directors begin with Mrs. Cromwell in 1947. The last record on file is in 1977 with Mrs. Robinson as executive director.","The collection consists of general files, committee minutes, forms from various camps, scrapbooks, photographs and case studies. The materials cover the period from 1893 to 1980. The majority of the materials in the Executive Director Files are organizations affiliated with the YWCA. Few of the Executive Director Files contain minutes or correspondence from the executive directors branch in Richmond. Activities held on the Richmond premises are documented in the executive director's files. A majority of the Board of Director files are based on board minutes, related information, and the nominating committee files. Materials from the Constitution, History, and Documents files contain revisions of their constitution and bylaws. There are also many documents on the history of the YWCA in Greater Richmond. National documents are included in the files as well, such as national convention documents.","Series I--Executive Director (1947-1977) The YWCA has been active in their community and around the nation. Programs that help individuals and provide fellowship for everyone are common goals of the organizations that are affiliated with the YWCA. The USO, United Service Organization, in 1950-1958 was one of the earliest documented organizations they participated in to help women and girls grow in all areas. In 1951-1957, the YWCA was a member of the Richmond Area Community Chest. Newsletters, legislative matters, and recreation agencies are ways the YWCA contributed as a member of the organization. After the Community Chest changed their name to The United Givers Fund, the YWCA continued as a member from 1962-1967. In 1958, they joined the Recreation and Roundtable and they continued as a member until 1977. The Richmond International Council, from 1964-1971, was another program the YWCA was involved in to help the people of Richmond. The National Interracial Project, from 1945-1956, was documented as one of the earliest projects the YWCA joined. In 1969-1970, the YWCA continued to support anti-racism through a project called Eliminating Racism. Moreover, they became politically involved in many issues that was advocating individual rights. By 1947, the YWCA was a member of The Virginia Child Labor Committee. Their goal was to try to amend the old Virginia Labor Law. Two executive committee minutes that are documented are in 1947 and 1949. The only documented correspondence is in 1952 with Mrs. Dorothy Richardson as the executive director. The first documented executive director is in 1947 with Mrs. Lillie V.Cromwell as the executive director. There were programs that were created from the YWCA and held at the YWCA site, such as the summer youth programs from 1968-1970. The Saturday night dances were also held at the YWCA from 1948-1954. The joint building project for the YWCA and YMCA was discussed and planned from 1947-1957. The types of materials in the folders are pamphlets, papers, newsletters, and bound books with their agendas and finances.","Series II--Board of Directors (1904-1977) The Board of Directors files consists of three main categories- minutes, nominating committee, and general information on the Richmond YWCA. Board of Director files that include general information on the YWCA range from 1904-1977. These documents include information about resignations of employees, the YWCA's philosophies, and insight on the members. The years 1910-1917, 1925, 1929, 1930, and 1931 are not included in the board files. Board of Director's minutes span the years 1919 to 1971 except for the years 1929, 1939, 1949, 1960, 1963, and 1963. The nominating committee suggested names and nominated members for vacancies on the Board of Directors. Records of the nominating committee date from 1936 to 1977 with the following gaps: 1937, 1974, and 1975. A subseries is designated as Annual Reports in the Board of Directors file that consists of all the committee minutes and general reports on the committees. Subseries A consists of the Annual reports from 1893-1977 except for the following years: 1897, 1898, 1902, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1944, 1960-68, 1972, 1973, and 1975. Annual reports include reports on the committees in the YWCA. Moreover, statistical, narrative, and membership monthly reports are included in the Annual reports. Some Annual reports are in bound books, notebooks, or loose documents. The Index to Committees in the Annual reports are the minutes of committee meetings. From 1960-1968, Annual reports are filed under a different heading called the Departmental reports, but contain the same type of information as the Annual reports of earlier years. Minutes from the Annual report, board, and executive committees are listed in the Index to the Committee. Reports of general and assistant secretaries can also be found in the index files. From 1960-1977 there are yearly booklets of the YWCA's annual searchlights, noting memorable days of that particular year. Moreover, the searchlight booklets include the members on the board, trustees, and short reports on the departments. A service was held each year and the searchlight was used in the service.","Series III-Constitution, History, and Documents (1892-1985). The YWCA of Greater Richmond revised their constitution and by laws many times throughout the year; however the following years are documented: 1929, 1936, 1939, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1951, 1966, 1969, and 1975. Anniversaries were shared and celebrated among members of the YWCA. Pamphlets and documents concerning anniversary celebrations are documented in 1892, 1915, 1939, 1948, and 1962. There are lot of materials on the history of the YWCA in Greater Richmond. Dates, times, and places are documented to show the improvements and advancements of the organization. Layouts of the different branches are also provided in the files. National YWCA information is also included in the files, such as the national conventions. The following years are documented: 1915, 1936, 1946, 1949, 1955, 1969, 1970, and 1976. Annual reports of the national YWCA are documented in 1898 and 1959-61. The meetings were held in Quebec and New York. Moreover, the national YWCA devised a standards study booklet in 1936-1938. Biennial conferences and conventions of the International YWCA are documented in 1897, 1899, 1911, and 1913.","No restrictions on use.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","YWCA (Richmond, Va.)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 177","/repositories/5/resources/77"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richmond YWCA records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richmond YWCA records"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond YWCA records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["YWCA (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["YWCA (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["YWCA (Richmond, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["YWCA (Richmond, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["No restrictions on use."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was a gift from the YWCA of Greater Richmond to the Special Collections and Archives Department on 8 March, 1983."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Social action -- Sources -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Youth -- Sources -- Services for -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women -- Sources -- Services for -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Young Women's Christian associations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Social group work -- Sources -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Social action -- Sources -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Youth -- Sources -- Services for -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women -- Sources -- Services for -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond","Young Women's Christian associations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Social group work -- Sources -- History -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["42.6 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["42.6 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCase study files are restricted\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Case study files are restricted"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe executive director's files are arranged alphabetically by subject. The series are arranged alphabetically and then chronologically. Scrapbooks are located in the oversize area with other scrapbooks. The collection is arranged in 11 series: Series I--Executive Director (1947-1977); Series II--Board of Directors (1904-1977); Series III--Constitution, History and Documents (1893-1969); Series IV--Budgets (1922-1977); Series V--Camps (1932-1970); Series VI--Case Studies (n.d.) [Restricted]; Series VII--Committees and Programs (1916-1980); Series VIII--General Files (1933-1980); Series IX--City Study (n.d.); Series X--Photographs; Series XI--Scrapbooks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The executive director's files are arranged alphabetically by subject. The series are arranged alphabetically and then chronologically. Scrapbooks are located in the oversize area with other scrapbooks. The collection is arranged in 11 series: Series I--Executive Director (1947-1977); Series II--Board of Directors (1904-1977); Series III--Constitution, History and Documents (1893-1969); Series IV--Budgets (1922-1977); Series V--Camps (1932-1970); Series VI--Case Studies (n.d.) [Restricted]; Series VII--Committees and Programs (1916-1980); Series VIII--General Files (1933-1980); Series IX--City Study (n.d.); Series X--Photographs; Series XI--Scrapbooks."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe YWCA is a national and world-wide fellowship of individuals who strive to help girls develop in all areas. Principles and goals are implemented in their daily interaction with members of the organization, such as building moral character and developing leadership qualities to teach teamwork. Training girls and young women to grow in the knowledge and love of God is another characteristic that the YWCA incorporates in their daily interaction. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmong others in the meeting at St. Paul's Church in Richmond, Mrs. Emily Fairfax Whittle was the primary founder of the YWCA of Greater Richmond in May 16, 1887. Mrs. Whittle and others in the meeting wanted to help the women who left the shelter of their home to seek outside fortune. As a result of the group's concern, the association's purpose was to protect and provide help for those women who left their home. It was not until 1890 when the association was chartered and Mrs. Whittle was the first president. Several years later, the organization strengthened and was able to buy two connecting houses. The houses accommodated 45 girls. By 1906, the name was amended to the Young Womens Christian Association. A progressive era of the association had developed with Hawes as president in 1911. Under her services, the Phyllis Wheatly Branch for colored women was established and they also became affiliated with the National YMCA. Since 1924, they have been a member of the United Givers Fund and many other supportive organizations that help better the nation. By 1932, the association was becoming involved in group programs for girls, such as day camps and Y-teens. In 1950, clubs were formed, such as the city wide club. Current situations that continue to influence the world or the complexities of our modern life are issues the YWCA addresses through programs and meetings.The records of the executive directors begin with Mrs. Cromwell in 1947. The last record on file is in 1977 with Mrs. Robinson as executive director.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The YWCA is a national and world-wide fellowship of individuals who strive to help girls develop in all areas. Principles and goals are implemented in their daily interaction with members of the organization, such as building moral character and developing leadership qualities to teach teamwork. Training girls and young women to grow in the knowledge and love of God is another characteristic that the YWCA incorporates in their daily interaction. ","Among others in the meeting at St. Paul's Church in Richmond, Mrs. Emily Fairfax Whittle was the primary founder of the YWCA of Greater Richmond in May 16, 1887. Mrs. Whittle and others in the meeting wanted to help the women who left the shelter of their home to seek outside fortune. As a result of the group's concern, the association's purpose was to protect and provide help for those women who left their home. It was not until 1890 when the association was chartered and Mrs. Whittle was the first president. Several years later, the organization strengthened and was able to buy two connecting houses. The houses accommodated 45 girls. By 1906, the name was amended to the Young Womens Christian Association. A progressive era of the association had developed with Hawes as president in 1911. Under her services, the Phyllis Wheatly Branch for colored women was established and they also became affiliated with the National YMCA. Since 1924, they have been a member of the United Givers Fund and many other supportive organizations that help better the nation. By 1932, the association was becoming involved in group programs for girls, such as day camps and Y-teens. In 1950, clubs were formed, such as the city wide club. Current situations that continue to influence the world or the complexities of our modern life are issues the YWCA addresses through programs and meetings.The records of the executive directors begin with Mrs. Cromwell in 1947. The last record on file is in 1977 with Mrs. Robinson as executive director."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Richmond YWCA Archives, M 177, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Richmond YWCA Archives, M 177, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of general files, committee minutes, forms from various camps, scrapbooks, photographs and case studies. The materials cover the period from 1893 to 1980. The majority of the materials in the Executive Director Files are organizations affiliated with the YWCA. Few of the Executive Director Files contain minutes or correspondence from the executive directors branch in Richmond. Activities held on the Richmond premises are documented in the executive director's files. A majority of the Board of Director files are based on board minutes, related information, and the nominating committee files. Materials from the Constitution, History, and Documents files contain revisions of their constitution and bylaws. There are also many documents on the history of the YWCA in Greater Richmond. National documents are included in the files as well, such as national convention documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I--Executive Director (1947-1977) The YWCA has been active in their community and around the nation. Programs that help individuals and provide fellowship for everyone are common goals of the organizations that are affiliated with the YWCA. The USO, United Service Organization, in 1950-1958 was one of the earliest documented organizations they participated in to help women and girls grow in all areas. In 1951-1957, the YWCA was a member of the Richmond Area Community Chest. Newsletters, legislative matters, and recreation agencies are ways the YWCA contributed as a member of the organization. After the Community Chest changed their name to The United Givers Fund, the YWCA continued as a member from 1962-1967. In 1958, they joined the Recreation and Roundtable and they continued as a member until 1977. The Richmond International Council, from 1964-1971, was another program the YWCA was involved in to help the people of Richmond. The National Interracial Project, from 1945-1956, was documented as one of the earliest projects the YWCA joined. In 1969-1970, the YWCA continued to support anti-racism through a project called Eliminating Racism. Moreover, they became politically involved in many issues that was advocating individual rights. By 1947, the YWCA was a member of The Virginia Child Labor Committee. Their goal was to try to amend the old Virginia Labor Law. Two executive committee minutes that are documented are in 1947 and 1949. The only documented correspondence is in 1952 with Mrs. Dorothy Richardson as the executive director. The first documented executive director is in 1947 with Mrs. Lillie V.Cromwell as the executive director. There were programs that were created from the YWCA and held at the YWCA site, such as the summer youth programs from 1968-1970. The Saturday night dances were also held at the YWCA from 1948-1954. The joint building project for the YWCA and YMCA was discussed and planned from 1947-1957. The types of materials in the folders are pamphlets, papers, newsletters, and bound books with their agendas and finances.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II--Board of Directors (1904-1977) The Board of Directors files consists of three main categories- minutes, nominating committee, and general information on the Richmond YWCA. Board of Director files that include general information on the YWCA range from 1904-1977. These documents include information about resignations of employees, the YWCA's philosophies, and insight on the members. The years 1910-1917, 1925, 1929, 1930, and 1931 are not included in the board files. Board of Director's minutes span the years 1919 to 1971 except for the years 1929, 1939, 1949, 1960, 1963, and 1963. The nominating committee suggested names and nominated members for vacancies on the Board of Directors. Records of the nominating committee date from 1936 to 1977 with the following gaps: 1937, 1974, and 1975. A subseries is designated as Annual Reports in the Board of Directors file that consists of all the committee minutes and general reports on the committees. Subseries A consists of the Annual reports from 1893-1977 except for the following years: 1897, 1898, 1902, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1944, 1960-68, 1972, 1973, and 1975. Annual reports include reports on the committees in the YWCA. Moreover, statistical, narrative, and membership monthly reports are included in the Annual reports. Some Annual reports are in bound books, notebooks, or loose documents. The Index to Committees in the Annual reports are the minutes of committee meetings. From 1960-1968, Annual reports are filed under a different heading called the Departmental reports, but contain the same type of information as the Annual reports of earlier years. Minutes from the Annual report, board, and executive committees are listed in the Index to the Committee. Reports of general and assistant secretaries can also be found in the index files. From 1960-1977 there are yearly booklets of the YWCA's annual searchlights, noting memorable days of that particular year. Moreover, the searchlight booklets include the members on the board, trustees, and short reports on the departments. A service was held each year and the searchlight was used in the service.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III-Constitution, History, and Documents (1892-1985). The YWCA of Greater Richmond revised their constitution and by laws many times throughout the year; however the following years are documented: 1929, 1936, 1939, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1951, 1966, 1969, and 1975. Anniversaries were shared and celebrated among members of the YWCA. Pamphlets and documents concerning anniversary celebrations are documented in 1892, 1915, 1939, 1948, and 1962. There are lot of materials on the history of the YWCA in Greater Richmond. Dates, times, and places are documented to show the improvements and advancements of the organization. Layouts of the different branches are also provided in the files. National YWCA information is also included in the files, such as the national conventions. The following years are documented: 1915, 1936, 1946, 1949, 1955, 1969, 1970, and 1976. Annual reports of the national YWCA are documented in 1898 and 1959-61. The meetings were held in Quebec and New York. Moreover, the national YWCA devised a standards study booklet in 1936-1938. Biennial conferences and conventions of the International YWCA are documented in 1897, 1899, 1911, and 1913.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of general files, committee minutes, forms from various camps, scrapbooks, photographs and case studies. The materials cover the period from 1893 to 1980. The majority of the materials in the Executive Director Files are organizations affiliated with the YWCA. Few of the Executive Director Files contain minutes or correspondence from the executive directors branch in Richmond. Activities held on the Richmond premises are documented in the executive director's files. A majority of the Board of Director files are based on board minutes, related information, and the nominating committee files. Materials from the Constitution, History, and Documents files contain revisions of their constitution and bylaws. There are also many documents on the history of the YWCA in Greater Richmond. National documents are included in the files as well, such as national convention documents.","Series I--Executive Director (1947-1977) The YWCA has been active in their community and around the nation. Programs that help individuals and provide fellowship for everyone are common goals of the organizations that are affiliated with the YWCA. The USO, United Service Organization, in 1950-1958 was one of the earliest documented organizations they participated in to help women and girls grow in all areas. In 1951-1957, the YWCA was a member of the Richmond Area Community Chest. Newsletters, legislative matters, and recreation agencies are ways the YWCA contributed as a member of the organization. After the Community Chest changed their name to The United Givers Fund, the YWCA continued as a member from 1962-1967. In 1958, they joined the Recreation and Roundtable and they continued as a member until 1977. The Richmond International Council, from 1964-1971, was another program the YWCA was involved in to help the people of Richmond. The National Interracial Project, from 1945-1956, was documented as one of the earliest projects the YWCA joined. In 1969-1970, the YWCA continued to support anti-racism through a project called Eliminating Racism. Moreover, they became politically involved in many issues that was advocating individual rights. By 1947, the YWCA was a member of The Virginia Child Labor Committee. Their goal was to try to amend the old Virginia Labor Law. Two executive committee minutes that are documented are in 1947 and 1949. The only documented correspondence is in 1952 with Mrs. Dorothy Richardson as the executive director. The first documented executive director is in 1947 with Mrs. Lillie V.Cromwell as the executive director. There were programs that were created from the YWCA and held at the YWCA site, such as the summer youth programs from 1968-1970. The Saturday night dances were also held at the YWCA from 1948-1954. The joint building project for the YWCA and YMCA was discussed and planned from 1947-1957. The types of materials in the folders are pamphlets, papers, newsletters, and bound books with their agendas and finances.","Series II--Board of Directors (1904-1977) The Board of Directors files consists of three main categories- minutes, nominating committee, and general information on the Richmond YWCA. Board of Director files that include general information on the YWCA range from 1904-1977. These documents include information about resignations of employees, the YWCA's philosophies, and insight on the members. The years 1910-1917, 1925, 1929, 1930, and 1931 are not included in the board files. Board of Director's minutes span the years 1919 to 1971 except for the years 1929, 1939, 1949, 1960, 1963, and 1963. The nominating committee suggested names and nominated members for vacancies on the Board of Directors. Records of the nominating committee date from 1936 to 1977 with the following gaps: 1937, 1974, and 1975. A subseries is designated as Annual Reports in the Board of Directors file that consists of all the committee minutes and general reports on the committees. Subseries A consists of the Annual reports from 1893-1977 except for the following years: 1897, 1898, 1902, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1944, 1960-68, 1972, 1973, and 1975. Annual reports include reports on the committees in the YWCA. Moreover, statistical, narrative, and membership monthly reports are included in the Annual reports. Some Annual reports are in bound books, notebooks, or loose documents. The Index to Committees in the Annual reports are the minutes of committee meetings. From 1960-1968, Annual reports are filed under a different heading called the Departmental reports, but contain the same type of information as the Annual reports of earlier years. Minutes from the Annual report, board, and executive committees are listed in the Index to the Committee. Reports of general and assistant secretaries can also be found in the index files. From 1960-1977 there are yearly booklets of the YWCA's annual searchlights, noting memorable days of that particular year. Moreover, the searchlight booklets include the members on the board, trustees, and short reports on the departments. A service was held each year and the searchlight was used in the service.","Series III-Constitution, History, and Documents (1892-1985). The YWCA of Greater Richmond revised their constitution and by laws many times throughout the year; however the following years are documented: 1929, 1936, 1939, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1951, 1966, 1969, and 1975. Anniversaries were shared and celebrated among members of the YWCA. Pamphlets and documents concerning anniversary celebrations are documented in 1892, 1915, 1939, 1948, and 1962. There are lot of materials on the history of the YWCA in Greater Richmond. Dates, times, and places are documented to show the improvements and advancements of the organization. Layouts of the different branches are also provided in the files. National YWCA information is also included in the files, such as the national conventions. The following years are documented: 1915, 1936, 1946, 1949, 1955, 1969, 1970, and 1976. Annual reports of the national YWCA are documented in 1898 and 1959-61. The meetings were held in Quebec and New York. Moreover, the national YWCA devised a standards study booklet in 1936-1938. Biennial conferences and conventions of the International YWCA are documented in 1897, 1899, 1911, and 1913."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo restrictions on use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No restrictions on use."],"names_coll_ssim":["YWCA (Richmond, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","YWCA (Richmond, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","YWCA (Richmond, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1226,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:14:44.484Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_77"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_81","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Roanoke Valley YWCA records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_81#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"YWCA of the Roanoke Valley (Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_81#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes minutes, reports, newsletters, records of the organization's multiple activities, photographs, and clippings. There are a few files involved in the WPA Writers Program.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_81#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_81","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_81","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_81","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_81","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_81.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00026.xml","title_ssm":["Roanoke Valley YWCA records"],"title_tesim":["Roanoke Valley YWCA records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1901-1969"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1901-1969"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 180","/repositories/5/resources/81"],"text":["M 180","/repositories/5/resources/81","Roanoke Valley YWCA records","Young Women's Christian associations -- Virginia -- Roanoke","No restrictions on access.","The collection has been arranged in five series. There is only a rough inventory of the collection. Series I--Board of Directors (1918-1969); Series II--Fiscal Records (1925-1969); Series III--Executive Director's File (1901-1951); Series IV--Committees ( - ); Series V--Photographs and Clippings ( - ).","The organization began in 1913 after meeting at the Roanoke home of Mrs. A. J. Kennard. The first permanent organization meeting was held in January of 1914 where it met at the Green Memorial Methodist Church. With 1,153 pledge memberships, the E.W. Tinsley property at 415 Roanoke Street was chosen as the first home of the Association. In 1923 the program was extended to African American girls and women with the formation of the Phyllis Wheatley Branch which by the 1950s was called the Lula Williams Memorial Branch. The organization's headquarters began meeting in a structure built specifically for the association at the corner of First Street and Franklin Road., S.W. The building was dedicated on May 28, 1928. As of 2002, the organization was called the YWCA of the Roanoke Valley. Its Executive Director was Pat Reynolds. An indication as to the services and programs it offers can be found in the organization's stated mission which is to \"empower women and eliminate racism, the YWCA provides programs in these core areas: residence, child care and youth development, community and leadership development, advocacy and public policy, racial and social justice, targeted special-needs programs, and health and fitness.\"","The collection includes minutes, reports, newsletters, records of the organization's multiple activities, photographs, and clippings. There are a few files involved in the WPA Writers Program.","No restrictions on use.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","YWCA of the Roanoke Valley (Va.)","English \n.    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There is only a rough inventory of the collection. Series I--Board of Directors (1918-1969); Series II--Fiscal Records (1925-1969); Series III--Executive Director's File (1901-1951); Series IV--Committees ( - ); Series V--Photographs and Clippings ( - ).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection has been arranged in five series. There is only a rough inventory of the collection. Series I--Board of Directors (1918-1969); Series II--Fiscal Records (1925-1969); Series III--Executive Director's File (1901-1951); Series IV--Committees ( - ); Series V--Photographs and Clippings ( - )."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe organization began in 1913 after meeting at the Roanoke home of Mrs. A. J. Kennard. The first permanent organization meeting was held in January of 1914 where it met at the Green Memorial Methodist Church. With 1,153 pledge memberships, the E.W. Tinsley property at 415 Roanoke Street was chosen as the first home of the Association. In 1923 the program was extended to African American girls and women with the formation of the Phyllis Wheatley Branch which by the 1950s was called the Lula Williams Memorial Branch. The organization's headquarters began meeting in a structure built specifically for the association at the corner of First Street and Franklin Road., S.W. The building was dedicated on May 28, 1928. As of 2002, the organization was called the YWCA of the Roanoke Valley. Its Executive Director was Pat Reynolds. An indication as to the services and programs it offers can be found in the organization's stated mission which is to \"empower women and eliminate racism, the YWCA provides programs in these core areas: residence, child care and youth development, community and leadership development, advocacy and public policy, racial and social justice, targeted special-needs programs, and health and fitness.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The organization began in 1913 after meeting at the Roanoke home of Mrs. A. J. Kennard. The first permanent organization meeting was held in January of 1914 where it met at the Green Memorial Methodist Church. With 1,153 pledge memberships, the E.W. Tinsley property at 415 Roanoke Street was chosen as the first home of the Association. In 1923 the program was extended to African American girls and women with the formation of the Phyllis Wheatley Branch which by the 1950s was called the Lula Williams Memorial Branch. The organization's headquarters began meeting in a structure built specifically for the association at the corner of First Street and Franklin Road., S.W. The building was dedicated on May 28, 1928. As of 2002, the organization was called the YWCA of the Roanoke Valley. Its Executive Director was Pat Reynolds. An indication as to the services and programs it offers can be found in the organization's stated mission which is to \"empower women and eliminate racism, the YWCA provides programs in these core areas: residence, child care and youth development, community and leadership development, advocacy and public policy, racial and social justice, targeted special-needs programs, and health and fitness.\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Roanoke Valley YWCA Archives, M 180, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Roanoke Valley YWCA Archives, M 180, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes minutes, reports, newsletters, records of the organization's multiple activities, photographs, and clippings. There are a few files involved in the WPA Writers Program.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes minutes, reports, newsletters, records of the organization's multiple activities, photographs, and clippings. There are a few files involved in the WPA Writers Program."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo restrictions on use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No restrictions on use."],"names_coll_ssim":["YWCA of the Roanoke Valley (Va.)"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","YWCA of the Roanoke Valley (Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","YWCA of the Roanoke Valley (Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":209,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:02.500Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_81","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_81","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_81","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_81","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_81.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00026.xml","title_ssm":["Roanoke Valley YWCA records"],"title_tesim":["Roanoke Valley YWCA records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1901-1969"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1901-1969"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 180","/repositories/5/resources/81"],"text":["M 180","/repositories/5/resources/81","Roanoke Valley YWCA records","Young Women's Christian associations -- Virginia -- Roanoke","No restrictions on access.","The collection has been arranged in five series. There is only a rough inventory of the collection. Series I--Board of Directors (1918-1969); Series II--Fiscal Records (1925-1969); Series III--Executive Director's File (1901-1951); Series IV--Committees ( - ); Series V--Photographs and Clippings ( - ).","The organization began in 1913 after meeting at the Roanoke home of Mrs. A. J. Kennard. The first permanent organization meeting was held in January of 1914 where it met at the Green Memorial Methodist Church. With 1,153 pledge memberships, the E.W. Tinsley property at 415 Roanoke Street was chosen as the first home of the Association. In 1923 the program was extended to African American girls and women with the formation of the Phyllis Wheatley Branch which by the 1950s was called the Lula Williams Memorial Branch. The organization's headquarters began meeting in a structure built specifically for the association at the corner of First Street and Franklin Road., S.W. The building was dedicated on May 28, 1928. As of 2002, the organization was called the YWCA of the Roanoke Valley. Its Executive Director was Pat Reynolds. An indication as to the services and programs it offers can be found in the organization's stated mission which is to \"empower women and eliminate racism, the YWCA provides programs in these core areas: residence, child care and youth development, community and leadership development, advocacy and public policy, racial and social justice, targeted special-needs programs, and health and fitness.\"","The collection includes minutes, reports, newsletters, records of the organization's multiple activities, photographs, and clippings. There are a few files involved in the WPA Writers Program.","No restrictions on use.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","YWCA of the Roanoke Valley (Va.)","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 180","/repositories/5/resources/81"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Roanoke Valley YWCA records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Roanoke Valley YWCA records"],"collection_ssim":["Roanoke Valley YWCA records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["YWCA of the Roanoke Valley (Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["YWCA of the Roanoke Valley (Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["YWCA of the Roanoke Valley (Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["YWCA of the Roanoke Valley (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["No restrictions on use."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of the Board of the YWCA on 20 April 1983."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Young Women's Christian associations -- Virginia -- Roanoke"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Young Women's Christian associations -- Virginia -- Roanoke"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["9.1 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo restrictions on access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No restrictions on access."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been arranged in five series. There is only a rough inventory of the collection. Series I--Board of Directors (1918-1969); Series II--Fiscal Records (1925-1969); Series III--Executive Director's File (1901-1951); Series IV--Committees ( - ); Series V--Photographs and Clippings ( - ).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection has been arranged in five series. There is only a rough inventory of the collection. Series I--Board of Directors (1918-1969); Series II--Fiscal Records (1925-1969); Series III--Executive Director's File (1901-1951); Series IV--Committees ( - ); Series V--Photographs and Clippings ( - )."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe organization began in 1913 after meeting at the Roanoke home of Mrs. A. J. Kennard. The first permanent organization meeting was held in January of 1914 where it met at the Green Memorial Methodist Church. With 1,153 pledge memberships, the E.W. Tinsley property at 415 Roanoke Street was chosen as the first home of the Association. In 1923 the program was extended to African American girls and women with the formation of the Phyllis Wheatley Branch which by the 1950s was called the Lula Williams Memorial Branch. The organization's headquarters began meeting in a structure built specifically for the association at the corner of First Street and Franklin Road., S.W. The building was dedicated on May 28, 1928. As of 2002, the organization was called the YWCA of the Roanoke Valley. Its Executive Director was Pat Reynolds. An indication as to the services and programs it offers can be found in the organization's stated mission which is to \"empower women and eliminate racism, the YWCA provides programs in these core areas: residence, child care and youth development, community and leadership development, advocacy and public policy, racial and social justice, targeted special-needs programs, and health and fitness.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The organization began in 1913 after meeting at the Roanoke home of Mrs. A. J. Kennard. The first permanent organization meeting was held in January of 1914 where it met at the Green Memorial Methodist Church. With 1,153 pledge memberships, the E.W. Tinsley property at 415 Roanoke Street was chosen as the first home of the Association. In 1923 the program was extended to African American girls and women with the formation of the Phyllis Wheatley Branch which by the 1950s was called the Lula Williams Memorial Branch. The organization's headquarters began meeting in a structure built specifically for the association at the corner of First Street and Franklin Road., S.W. The building was dedicated on May 28, 1928. As of 2002, the organization was called the YWCA of the Roanoke Valley. Its Executive Director was Pat Reynolds. An indication as to the services and programs it offers can be found in the organization's stated mission which is to \"empower women and eliminate racism, the YWCA provides programs in these core areas: residence, child care and youth development, community and leadership development, advocacy and public policy, racial and social justice, targeted special-needs programs, and health and fitness.\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Roanoke Valley YWCA Archives, M 180, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Roanoke Valley YWCA Archives, M 180, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes minutes, reports, newsletters, records of the organization's multiple activities, photographs, and clippings. There are a few files involved in the WPA Writers Program.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes minutes, reports, newsletters, records of the organization's multiple activities, photographs, and clippings. There are a few files involved in the WPA Writers Program."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo restrictions on use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No restrictions on use."],"names_coll_ssim":["YWCA of the Roanoke Valley (Va.)"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","YWCA of the Roanoke Valley (Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","YWCA of the Roanoke Valley (Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":209,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:02.500Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_81"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c03_c06","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Robert L. Browning estate","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c03_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c03_c06","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c03_c06"],"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c03_c06","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c03","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c03","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James Russell Boldridge papers","Personal papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James Russell Boldridge papers","Personal papers"],"text":["James Russell Boldridge papers","Personal papers","Robert L. Browning estate","box 2"],"title_filing_ssi":"Robert L. Browning estate","title_ssm":["Robert L. Browning estate"],"title_tesim":["Robert L. Browning estate"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1913, 1915, 1935-1940"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1913/1940"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert L. Browning estate"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["James Russell Boldridge papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":27,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940],"containers_ssim":["box 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#5","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:12:46.741Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_365","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_365.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Boldridge, James Russell, papers","title_ssm":["James Russell Boldridge papers"],"title_tesim":["James Russell Boldridge papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1869-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1869-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1985.Apr.7","/repositories/3/resources/365"],"text":["1985.Apr.7","/repositories/3/resources/365","James Russell Boldridge papers","Culpeper County (Va.)","Rappahannock County (Va.)","Medicine, Rural--History--20th century--Virginia.","Collection is open to research.","These papers are divided into 3 series: Series 1: Professional papers, 1908-1978; Series 2: Medical school papers, 1905-1909; and Series 3: Personal papers, 1869-1960. "," Efforts have been made to maintain the origial organization where applicable. The files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.","Dr. James Russell Boldridge (1885-1983) was born at Brown's Store in Culpeper County, Virginia to Dr. James Barbour Boldridge and Laura Henry Boldridge. He graduated from the Medical College of Virginia in 1909 and then served an internship at Retreat for the Sick Hospital. He began a general practice in 1910 covering parts of Culpeper, Rappahannock, and Fauquier Counties. At the time he began his practice there were four doctors in the town of Culpeper and eight more in the county. Though it was a rural area the poor road conditions made it necessary to have a doctor in each community. During World War I he served on the draft board for Culpeper County. Boldridge continued to practice until he was 90 years old. ","Boldridge married Annie Marie Hess, a registered nurse, in 1912. They had four sons James Russell Jr., William Franklin, Edward Barbour, and John Henry. In addition to his medical practice Boldridge owned \"Homeland,\" a 344 acre farm located in Rixeyville, Virginia which he purchased in 1918. Boldridge died in 1983 at the age of 97.","The papers of Dr. James Russell Boldridge pertain mostly to his time in medical school and in medical practice. The collection also includes some personal papers. Types of materials include case notes, certificates and diplomas, clippings, correspondence, day books and diaries, financial records, legal records, letcure notes, photographs, and other related materials. The materials related to his medical practice provide insight into the work of the rural medical practitioner especially during the years just prior to World War I. ","Series 1: Professional papers, 1908-1978. This series is composed of materials related to Boldridge's work as a physician. Items include account books for his practice, certficates and diplomas, correspondence, which includes exchanges with other doctors regarding his patients' cases, case notes, a day book and diaries with brief notes on patient visits, legal records, opium distribution license and order forms, and records of birth. ","Series 2: Medical school papers, 1905-1909. This series includes materials from Boldridge's time as a student at the Medical College of Virginia. These materials include case studies, exams, lectures notes prepared by his instructors on dermatology, surgery, and tumors, his own notes including a notebook with prescription preparations, and copies of the Virginia State Board of Medical Examiners exams.","Series 3: Personal papers, 1869-1872, 1899-1960. This series contains some personal materials which include correspondence, clippings, a ledger, photographs, the records from his administration of the Robert L. Browning estate of which he was the executor, and other miscellaneous items.","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia","Virginia Commonwealth University","Boldridge, James Russell, 1885-1983","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1985.Apr.7","/repositories/3/resources/365"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James Russell Boldridge papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James Russell Boldridge papers"],"collection_ssim":["James Russell Boldridge papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Culpeper County (Va.)","Rappahannock County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Culpeper County (Va.)","Rappahannock County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Culpeper County (Va.)","Rappahannock County (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["A gift from Edward Barbour Boldridge of Rixeyville, VA donated in 1985."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Medicine, Rural--History--20th century--Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Medicine, Rural--History--20th century--Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.79 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1.79 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese papers are divided into 3 series: Series 1: Professional papers, 1908-1978; Series 2: Medical school papers, 1905-1909; and Series 3: Personal papers, 1869-1960. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Efforts have been made to maintain the origial organization where applicable. The files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["These papers are divided into 3 series: Series 1: Professional papers, 1908-1978; Series 2: Medical school papers, 1905-1909; and Series 3: Personal papers, 1869-1960. "," Efforts have been made to maintain the origial organization where applicable. The files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. James Russell Boldridge (1885-1983) was born at Brown's Store in Culpeper County, Virginia to Dr. James Barbour Boldridge and Laura Henry Boldridge. He graduated from the Medical College of Virginia in 1909 and then served an internship at Retreat for the Sick Hospital. He began a general practice in 1910 covering parts of Culpeper, Rappahannock, and Fauquier Counties. At the time he began his practice there were four doctors in the town of Culpeper and eight more in the county. Though it was a rural area the poor road conditions made it necessary to have a doctor in each community. During World War I he served on the draft board for Culpeper County. Boldridge continued to practice until he was 90 years old. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoldridge married Annie Marie Hess, a registered nurse, in 1912. They had four sons James Russell Jr., William Franklin, Edward Barbour, and John Henry. In addition to his medical practice Boldridge owned \"Homeland,\" a 344 acre farm located in Rixeyville, Virginia which he purchased in 1918. Boldridge died in 1983 at the age of 97.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. James Russell Boldridge (1885-1983) was born at Brown's Store in Culpeper County, Virginia to Dr. James Barbour Boldridge and Laura Henry Boldridge. He graduated from the Medical College of Virginia in 1909 and then served an internship at Retreat for the Sick Hospital. He began a general practice in 1910 covering parts of Culpeper, Rappahannock, and Fauquier Counties. At the time he began his practice there were four doctors in the town of Culpeper and eight more in the county. Though it was a rural area the poor road conditions made it necessary to have a doctor in each community. During World War I he served on the draft board for Culpeper County. Boldridge continued to practice until he was 90 years old. ","Boldridge married Annie Marie Hess, a registered nurse, in 1912. They had four sons James Russell Jr., William Franklin, Edward Barbour, and John Henry. In addition to his medical practice Boldridge owned \"Homeland,\" a 344 acre farm located in Rixeyville, Virginia which he purchased in 1918. Boldridge died in 1983 at the age of 97."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/Folder James Russell Boldridge papers, Accession # 1985/Apr/7, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/Folder James Russell Boldridge papers, Accession # 1985/Apr/7, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Dr. James Russell Boldridge pertain mostly to his time in medical school and in medical practice. The collection also includes some personal papers. Types of materials include case notes, certificates and diplomas, clippings, correspondence, day books and diaries, financial records, legal records, letcure notes, photographs, and other related materials. The materials related to his medical practice provide insight into the work of the rural medical practitioner especially during the years just prior to World War I. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Professional papers, 1908-1978. This series is composed of materials related to Boldridge's work as a physician. Items include account books for his practice, certficates and diplomas, correspondence, which includes exchanges with other doctors regarding his patients' cases, case notes, a day book and diaries with brief notes on patient visits, legal records, opium distribution license and order forms, and records of birth. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Medical school papers, 1905-1909. This series includes materials from Boldridge's time as a student at the Medical College of Virginia. These materials include case studies, exams, lectures notes prepared by his instructors on dermatology, surgery, and tumors, his own notes including a notebook with prescription preparations, and copies of the Virginia State Board of Medical Examiners exams.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Personal papers, 1869-1872, 1899-1960. This series contains some personal materials which include correspondence, clippings, a ledger, photographs, the records from his administration of the Robert L. Browning estate of which he was the executor, and other miscellaneous items.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Dr. James Russell Boldridge pertain mostly to his time in medical school and in medical practice. The collection also includes some personal papers. Types of materials include case notes, certificates and diplomas, clippings, correspondence, day books and diaries, financial records, legal records, letcure notes, photographs, and other related materials. The materials related to his medical practice provide insight into the work of the rural medical practitioner especially during the years just prior to World War I. ","Series 1: Professional papers, 1908-1978. This series is composed of materials related to Boldridge's work as a physician. Items include account books for his practice, certficates and diplomas, correspondence, which includes exchanges with other doctors regarding his patients' cases, case notes, a day book and diaries with brief notes on patient visits, legal records, opium distribution license and order forms, and records of birth. ","Series 2: Medical school papers, 1905-1909. This series includes materials from Boldridge's time as a student at the Medical College of Virginia. These materials include case studies, exams, lectures notes prepared by his instructors on dermatology, surgery, and tumors, his own notes including a notebook with prescription preparations, and copies of the Virginia State Board of Medical Examiners exams.","Series 3: Personal papers, 1869-1872, 1899-1960. This series contains some personal materials which include correspondence, clippings, a ledger, photographs, the records from his administration of the Robert L. Browning estate of which he was the executor, and other miscellaneous items."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Medical College of Virginia","Virginia Commonwealth University","Boldridge, James Russell, 1885-1983"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia","Virginia Commonwealth University","Boldridge, James Russell, 1885-1983"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia","Virginia Commonwealth University"],"persname_ssim":["Boldridge, James Russell, 1885-1983"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":28,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:12:46.741Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_365_c03_c06"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c01_c25","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Salary Agreements [Nora Houston],","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c01_c25#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c01_c25","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c01_c25"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c01_c25","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c01","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14","vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14","vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers","Series XIV: Art","Subseries A: Art Club of Richmond"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers","Series XIV: Art","Subseries A: Art Club of Richmond"],"text":["Adele Goodman Clark papers","Series XIV: Art","Subseries A: Art Club of Richmond","Salary Agreements [Nora Houston],","box 169"],"title_filing_ssi":"Salary Agreements [Nora Houston],","title_ssm":["Salary Agreements [Nora Houston],"],"title_tesim":["Salary Agreements [Nora Houston],"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1910-1915"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1910/1915"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Salary Agreements [Nora Houston],"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":2584,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915],"containers_ssim":["box 169"],"_nest_path_":"/components#13/components#0/components#24","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:37.796Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_279.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Clark, Adele Goodman, papers","title_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"title_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279"],"text":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279","Adele Goodman Clark papers","Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open to research.","Series I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)","A founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.","The second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*","Clark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.","After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.","Selected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.","In addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.","Clark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.","During the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.","In the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.","Clark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Clark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"","Adèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.","[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]","The Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.","The collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman","Willoughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).","The collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.","While the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.","The suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.","The bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.","The records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.","Documentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.","Clark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.","The collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.","The fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.","The final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.","The collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.","Significant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.","Special Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"collection_ssim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creator_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creators_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["128 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["128 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Restrictions on Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSelected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["A founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.","The second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*","Clark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.","After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.","Selected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.","In addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.","Clark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.","During the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.","In the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.","Clark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Clark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"","Adèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.","[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdele Goodman Clark papers, Collection # M 9, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers, Collection # M 9, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilloughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDocumentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSignificant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.","The collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman","Willoughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).","The collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.","While the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.","The suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.","The bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.","The records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.","Documentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.","Clark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.","The collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.","The fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.","The final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.","The collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.","Significant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.","Special Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3079,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:37.796Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_279_c14_c01_c25"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library","value":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library","hits":241},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1914\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1914\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Adalbert J. 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