{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1908\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=15","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1908\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=14","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1908\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=16","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1908\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=62"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":15,"next_page":16,"prev_page":14,"total_pages":62,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":140,"total_count":614,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viu_viu00917_c01_c15_c05","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"E. Store","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c01_c15_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c01_c15_c05","ref_ssm":["viu_viu00917_c01_c15_c05"],"id":"viu_viu00917_c01_c15_c05","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917_c01_c15","parent_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c01_c15","parent_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c01","viu_viu00917_c01_c15"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c01","viu_viu00917_c01_c15"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Letter Books"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Letter Books"],"text":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Letter Books","E. Store","3 volumes"],"title_filing_ssi":"E. Store","title_ssm":["E. Store"],"title_tesim":["E. Store"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1883-1911"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1883/1911"],"normalized_title_ssm":["E. Store"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927"],"physdesc_tesim":["3 volumes"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":77,"date_range_isim":[1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#14/components#4","timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:10:02.328Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu00917","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu00917.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["662"],"text":["662","Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927","95 linear feer + 1200\n         volumes","Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n","The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n         diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n         that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n         organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n         papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n         began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n         organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n         placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n         the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n         useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n         letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n         gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n         attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n         considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n         on the collection, the new student processors were\n         instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n         of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n         replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n         headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n         paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n         reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n         other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n         some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n         researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n         also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n         omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n         location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n         numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n         with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n         collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n         ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n         this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n         there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n         processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n         undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n         the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n         project.","The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n         iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n         self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n         mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n         production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n         Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n         mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n         1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n         produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n         Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n         Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n         limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n         Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n         Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n         Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n         every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n         bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n         church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n         the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n         cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n         they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n         statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n         Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n         $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n         Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n         of these stores carried large inventories which are\n         detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n         to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n         a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n         theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n         people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n         center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n         provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n         tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n         no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n         Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n         that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n         served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n         who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n         \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n         the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n         Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n         Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n         important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n         their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n         the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n         used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n         acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n         from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n         until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n         eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n         exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n         in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n         chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n         and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n         Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n         Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n         the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n         transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n         Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n         among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n         for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n         services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n         relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n         Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n         about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n         rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n         \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n         from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n         wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n         mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n         We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n         in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n         not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n         to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n         the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n         dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n         \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n         of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n         shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n         getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n         railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n         another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n         General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n         supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n         consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n         ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n         Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n         laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n         York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n         in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n          To Mr. George Wickes \n             Supt. of Mines \n             Kay Moor, Virginia \n             Dear George, \n             Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n            got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n            Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n            but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n            seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n            York transportations to this place have never been a\n            success. Signed, \n             Ed D. Wickes Supt. of Mines Low Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n         of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n         Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n         to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n         would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n         ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n         Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n         underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n         immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n         it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n         labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n         in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n         strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n         great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n         mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n         normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n         still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n         April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n         manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n         get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n         short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n         coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n         There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n         result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n         wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n         the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n         Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n         only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n         at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n         furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n         industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n         Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n         short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n         from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n         prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n         1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n         the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n         Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n         Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n         writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n         \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n         any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n         this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n         the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n         manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n         lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n         dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n         November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n         high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n         There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n         coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n         troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n         situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n         meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n         helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n         furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n         shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n         had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n         needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n         Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n         war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n         Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n         short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n         depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n         Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n         pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n         company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n         1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n         coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n         orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n         it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n         months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n         furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n         returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n         Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n         Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n         to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n         industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n         talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n         revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n         merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n         was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n         Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n         told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n         The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n         fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n         from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n         1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n         Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n         transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n         letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n         Iron Association, to the \n          Manufacturers Record dated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n         tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n         claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n         production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n         the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n         furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n         trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n         in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n         equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n         only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n         increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n         25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n         Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n         furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n         northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n         all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n         competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n         the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n         southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n         were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n         producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n         should be restored to a relationship with southern\n         furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n         states iron industries should not have been in the same\n         desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n         should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n         heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n         plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n         accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n         years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n         those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n         U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n         of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n         freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n         there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n         rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n         was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n         easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n         of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n         that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n         industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n         the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n         mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n         the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n         produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n         as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n         inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n         Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n         the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n         of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n         the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n         Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n         developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n         Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n         Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n         1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n         1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n         1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n         1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n         ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n         G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n         ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n         1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n         C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n         Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n         J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n         1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n         coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n         Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n         George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n         1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n         Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n         Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n         ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n         Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n         personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n         Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n         assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.","The Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n            what happened to the records of the company in the years\n            immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n            Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n            the University of Virginia Library.","The records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n            new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n            truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n            tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n            over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n            realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n            papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n            and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n            information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n            the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n            transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n            and Manuscripts.","By 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n            Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n            especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n            collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n            division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n            the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n            had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n            aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n            use until the collection could be processed.","In preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n            which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n            were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n            between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n            unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n            labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n            cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n            Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n            numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n            had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n            after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n            subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n            the original order were lost.","The bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n            twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n            staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n            occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n            the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n            of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n            using the collection invariably died.","In late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n            Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n            Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n            Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n            collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n            All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n            Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n            contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n            and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n            cardboard sheets were recorded.","The more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n            Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n            The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n            form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n            readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n            This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n            this guide.","The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n         approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n         95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n         bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n         1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n         Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n         County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n         produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n         company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n         quarries, there is considerable information about the\n         production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n         records that deal with the company's employees have\n         survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n         like. Because these books sometimes include information\n         about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n         race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n         should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n         mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n         ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n         mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n         The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n         pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n         iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n         structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n         dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n         furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n         considerable information about railroads and their\n         relationship to their customers.","See the \n             \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["662"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Green Bookman in\n            1939."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["95 linear feer + 1200\n         volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n         diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n         that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n         organization in the usual sense of the word.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n         papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n         began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n         organization could be determined.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n         placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n         the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n         useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n         letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n         gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n         attic), but they, too, proved useless.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n         considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n         on the collection, the new student processors were\n         instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n         of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n         replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n         headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n         paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n         reviewed and notes taken for the guide.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n         other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n         some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n         researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n         also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n         omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n         location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n         numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n         with the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n         collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n         ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n         this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n         there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n         processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n         undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n         the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n         project.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n         diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n         that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n         organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n         papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n         began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n         organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n         placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n         the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n         useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n         letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n         gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n         attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n         considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n         on the collection, the new student processors were\n         instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n         of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n         replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n         headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n         paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n         reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n         other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n         some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n         researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n         also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n         omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n         location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n         numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n         with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n         collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n         ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n         this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n         there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n         processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n         undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n         the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n         project."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n         iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n         self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n         mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n         production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n         Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n         mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n         1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n         produce finished iron products.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCoal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n         Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n         Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n         limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n         Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n         Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n         Covington or Clifton Forge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n         every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n         bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n         church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n         the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n         cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n         they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n         statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n         Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n         $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n         Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n         of these stores carried large inventories which are\n         detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n         to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n         a coal miner and his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n         theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n         people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n         center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n         provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n         tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n         no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n         Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n         that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n         served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n         who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n         \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n         the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n         Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n         Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n         important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n         their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n         the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n         used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n         acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n         from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n         until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n         eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n         exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n         in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n         chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n         and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n         Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n         Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePerhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n         the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n         transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n         Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n         among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n         for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n         services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n         relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n         Company complained many times to the C \u0026amp; O Railroad\n         about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n         rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n         \u0026amp; O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n         from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n         wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n         mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n         We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n         in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n         not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n         to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n         the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n         dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n         \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n         of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n         shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n         getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n         railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n         another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n         General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n         supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n         consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n         ovens all day.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n         Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n         laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n         York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n         in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n         \u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo Mr. George Wickes \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSupt. of Mines \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eKay Moor, Virginia \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDear George, \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n            got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n            Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n            but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n            seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n            York transportations to this place have never been a\n            success.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSigned, \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEd D. Wickes Supt. of Mines\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003eLow Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n         of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n         Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n         to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n         would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n         ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n         Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n         underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n         immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n         it is noted in the description of the box contents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n         labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n         in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n         strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n         great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n         mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n         normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n         still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n         April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n         manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n         get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n         short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n         coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n         There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n         result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n         wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n         the United Mine Workers Union in December.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n         Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n         only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n         at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n         furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n         industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n         Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n         short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n         from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n         prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n         1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n         the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n         Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n         Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n         writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n         \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n         any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n         this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n         the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n         manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n         lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n         dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n         November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n         high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n         There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n         coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n         troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n         situation has grown serious.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen America became involved in the First World War, it\n         meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n         helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n         furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n         shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n         had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n         needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n         Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n         war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n         Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n         short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n         depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n         Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n         pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n         company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n         1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n         coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n         orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n         it had on hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n         months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n         furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n         returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n         Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n         Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n         to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n         industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n         talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n         revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n         merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n         was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n         Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n         told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n         The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n         fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n         from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n         1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhy did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n         Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n         transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n         letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n         Iron Association, to the \n         \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eManufacturers Record\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003edated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n         tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n         claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n         production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n         the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n         furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n         trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n         in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n         equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n         only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n         increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n         25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n         Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n         furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n         northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n         all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n         competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n         the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n         southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n         were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n         producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n         should be restored to a relationship with southern\n         furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n         states iron industries should not have been in the same\n         desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n         should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n         heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n         plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n         accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n         years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n         those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n         U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n         of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n         freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n         there are other reasons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n         rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n         was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n         easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n         of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n         that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n         industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n         the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n         mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n         the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n         produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n         as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n         inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n         Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n         the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n         of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n         the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n         Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n         developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n         Moor Iron Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company Personnel:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExecutive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n         Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n         1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n         1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n         1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n         1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n         ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n         G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n         ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n         1918-1928.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFactory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n         C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n         Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n         J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n         1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n         coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n         Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n         George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n         1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n         Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n         Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n         ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n         Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n         personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n         Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n         assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n         iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n         self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n         mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n         production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n         Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n         mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n         1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n         produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n         Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n         Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n         limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n         Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n         Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n         Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n         every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n         bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n         church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n         the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n         cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n         they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n         statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n         Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n         $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n         Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n         of these stores carried large inventories which are\n         detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n         to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n         a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n         theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n         people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n         center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n         provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n         tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n         no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n         Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n         that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n         served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n         who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n         \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n         the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n         Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n         Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n         important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n         their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n         the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n         used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n         acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n         from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n         until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n         eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n         exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n         in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n         chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n         and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n         Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n         Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n         the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n         transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n         Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n         among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n         for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n         services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n         relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n         Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n         about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n         rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n         \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n         from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n         wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n         mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n         We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n         in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n         not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n         to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n         the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n         dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n         \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n         of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n         shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n         getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n         railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n         another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n         General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n         supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n         consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n         ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n         Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n         laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n         York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n         in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n          To Mr. George Wickes \n             Supt. of Mines \n             Kay Moor, Virginia \n             Dear George, \n             Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n            got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n            Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n            but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n            seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n            York transportations to this place have never been a\n            success. Signed, \n             Ed D. Wickes Supt. of Mines Low Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n         of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n         Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n         to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n         would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n         ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n         Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n         underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n         immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n         it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n         labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n         in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n         strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n         great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n         mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n         normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n         still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n         April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n         manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n         get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n         short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n         coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n         There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n         result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n         wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n         the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n         Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n         only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n         at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n         furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n         industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n         Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n         short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n         from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n         prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n         1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n         the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n         Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n         Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n         writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n         \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n         any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n         this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n         the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n         manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n         lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n         dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n         November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n         high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n         There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n         coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n         troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n         situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n         meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n         helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n         furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n         shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n         had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n         needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n         Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n         war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n         Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n         short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n         depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n         Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n         pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n         company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n         1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n         coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n         orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n         it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n         months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n         furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n         returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n         Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n         Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n         to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n         industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n         talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n         revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n         merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n         was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n         Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n         told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n         The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n         fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n         from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n         1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n         Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n         transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n         letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n         Iron Association, to the \n          Manufacturers Record dated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n         tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n         claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n         production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n         the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n         furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n         trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n         in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n         equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n         only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n         increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n         25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n         Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n         furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n         northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n         all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n         competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n         the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n         southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n         were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n         producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n         should be restored to a relationship with southern\n         furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n         states iron industries should not have been in the same\n         desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n         should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n         heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n         plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n         accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n         years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n         those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n         U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n         of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n         freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n         there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n         rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n         was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n         easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n         of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n         that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n         industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n         the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n         mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n         the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n         produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n         as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n         inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n         Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n         the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n         of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n         the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n         Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n         developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n         Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n         Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n         1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n         1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n         1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n         1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n         ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n         G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n         ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n         1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n         C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n         Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n         J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n         1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n         coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n         Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n         George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n         1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n         Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n         Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n         ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n         Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n         personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n         Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n         assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n            what happened to the records of the company in the years\n            immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n            Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n            the University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n            new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n            truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n            tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n            over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n            realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n            papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n            and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n            information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n            the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n            transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n            and Manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n            what happened to the records of the company in the years\n            immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n            Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n            the University of Virginia Library.","The records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n            new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n            truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n            tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n            over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n            realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n            papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n            and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n            information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n            the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n            transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n            and Manuscripts."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome 1200 bound accounting record books of the Low Moor\n            Iron Company came into the custody of the Library with the\n            loose papers. When the project staff investigated these\n            volumes in the dormitory attic where they were stored, they\n            found that the volumes had been shelved by size rather than\n            by series. Thus, a letterbook may stand next to a stock\n            report book for a furnace, which is, in turn, next to a\n            store account book for the Kay Moor Mines' store. No series\n            are shelved in order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMembers of the project staff surveyed the volumes,\n            completing for each volume two copies of a mimeographed\n            survey form, and assigning to each volume a number. One\n            copy of the survey report form was placed in the volume,\n            and the second was returned to the Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the survey report forms, 3 x 5 inch index\n            cards--with a carbon copy of each--were typed. One set of\n            index cards has been kept in order by the numbers assigned\n            to the volumes as they stand on the shelves. This provides\n            a shelf list for the use of the library staff. The other\n            set of cards was sorted into categories as a finding aid.\n            On the list that follows, the researcher will find a number\n            of major headings such as \"Accounts,\" \"Inventories,\"\n            \"Letter Books,\" and \"Shipments-Outgoing.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInsofar as it has been possible to determine from the\n            data on the survey report forms, the volumes have been\n            assigned to categories. Most of the major categories, or\n            headings, have sub-headings. Within those sub-headings, the\n            volumes have been arranged chronologically. The\n            investigators realize that after careful study of some of\n            these volumes, they will be revealed as belonging to other\n            categories than those in which they have initially been\n            placed. The card index will allow such movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAvailable in the Manuscripts/Archives Reading Room in\n            the Library is the sorted card index file. There is a card\n            for every volume in this file whereas, on the pages that\n            follow, volumes have been summarized under the headings and\n            sub-headings. In each case, the number of volumes has been\n            given in the summarized list; the date ranges given are\n            inclusive in most cases, and do not reveal the many gaps in\n            sequences unless the number of volumes is small and the\n            date range wide. Occasional remarks about the content of\n            volumes have been supplied if the contents are not obvious\n            from the heading or sub-heading.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to examine any of these volumes will\n            have to use the card index file in order to be able to give\n            to the staff the volume number assigned to the individual\n            volumes that are to be inspected.\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Some 1200 bound accounting record books of the Low Moor\n            Iron Company came into the custody of the Library with the\n            loose papers. When the project staff investigated these\n            volumes in the dormitory attic where they were stored, they\n            found that the volumes had been shelved by size rather than\n            by series. Thus, a letterbook may stand next to a stock\n            report book for a furnace, which is, in turn, next to a\n            store account book for the Kay Moor Mines' store. No series\n            are shelved in order.","Members of the project staff surveyed the volumes,\n            completing for each volume two copies of a mimeographed\n            survey form, and assigning to each volume a number. One\n            copy of the survey report form was placed in the volume,\n            and the second was returned to the Library.","From the survey report forms, 3 x 5 inch index\n            cards--with a carbon copy of each--were typed. One set of\n            index cards has been kept in order by the numbers assigned\n            to the volumes as they stand on the shelves. This provides\n            a shelf list for the use of the library staff. The other\n            set of cards was sorted into categories as a finding aid.\n            On the list that follows, the researcher will find a number\n            of major headings such as \"Accounts,\" \"Inventories,\"\n            \"Letter Books,\" and \"Shipments-Outgoing.\"","Insofar as it has been possible to determine from the\n            data on the survey report forms, the volumes have been\n            assigned to categories. Most of the major categories, or\n            headings, have sub-headings. Within those sub-headings, the\n            volumes have been arranged chronologically. The\n            investigators realize that after careful study of some of\n            these volumes, they will be revealed as belonging to other\n            categories than those in which they have initially been\n            placed. The card index will allow such movement.","Available in the Manuscripts/Archives Reading Room in\n            the Library is the sorted card index file. There is a card\n            for every volume in this file whereas, on the pages that\n            follow, volumes have been summarized under the headings and\n            sub-headings. In each case, the number of volumes has been\n            given in the summarized list; the date ranges given are\n            inclusive in most cases, and do not reveal the many gaps in\n            sequences unless the number of volumes is small and the\n            date range wide. Occasional remarks about the content of\n            volumes have been supplied if the contents are not obvious\n            from the heading or sub-heading.","Researchers wishing to examine any of these volumes will\n            have to use the card index file in order to be able to give\n            to the staff the volume number assigned to the individual\n            volumes that are to be inspected."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Low Moor Iron Company, Accession #662,\n            Special Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company, Accession #662,\n            Special Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBy 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n            Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n            especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n            collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n            division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n            the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n            had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n            aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n            use until the collection could be processed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n            which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n            were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n            between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n            unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n            labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n            cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n            Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n            numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n            had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n            after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n            subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n            the original order were lost.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n            twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n            staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n            occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n            the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n            of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n            using the collection invariably died.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n            Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n            Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n            Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n            collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n            All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n            Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n            contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n            and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n            cardboard sheets were recorded.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n            Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n            The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n            form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n            readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n            This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n            this guide.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["By 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n            Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n            especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n            collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n            division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n            the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n            had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n            aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n            use until the collection could be processed.","In preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n            which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n            were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n            between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n            unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n            labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n            cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n            Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n            numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n            had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n            after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n            subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n            the original order were lost.","The bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n            twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n            staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n            occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n            the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n            of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n            using the collection invariably died.","In late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n            Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n            Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n            Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n            collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n            All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n            Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n            contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n            and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n            cardboard sheets were recorded.","The more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n            Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n            The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n            form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n            readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n            This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n            this guide."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n         approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n         95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n         bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n         1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n         Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n         County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material consists of records typical of those\n         produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n         company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n         quarries, there is considerable information about the\n         production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n         records that deal with the company's employees have\n         survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n         like. Because these books sometimes include information\n         about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n         race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n         should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n         mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n         ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n         mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n         The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n         pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n         iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n         structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n         dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n         furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n         considerable information about railroads and their\n         relationship to their customers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n         approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n         95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n         bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n         1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n         Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n         County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n         produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n         company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n         quarries, there is considerable information about the\n         production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n         records that deal with the company's employees have\n         survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n         like. Because these books sometimes include information\n         about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n         race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n         should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n         mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n         ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n         mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n         The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n         pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n         iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n         structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n         dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n         furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n         considerable information about railroads and their\n         relationship to their customers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n            \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n             \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1879,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:10:02.328Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c01_c15_c05"}},{"id":"viu_viu00917_c01_c10_c05","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"E. Store #5","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c01_c10_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c01_c10_c05","ref_ssm":["viu_viu00917_c01_c10_c05"],"id":"viu_viu00917_c01_c10_c05","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917_c01_c10","parent_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c01_c10","parent_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c01","viu_viu00917_c01_c10"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c01","viu_viu00917_c01_c10"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Inventories"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Inventories"],"text":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927","Bound Volumes","Inventories","E. Store #5","15 volumes"],"title_filing_ssi":"E. Store #5","title_ssm":["E. Store #5"],"title_tesim":["E. Store #5"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1904-1916"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1904/1916"],"normalized_title_ssm":["E. Store #5"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927"],"physdesc_tesim":["15 volumes"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":39,"date_range_isim":[1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#9/components#4","timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:10:02.328Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu00917","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu00917.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["662"],"text":["662","Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927","95 linear feer + 1200\n         volumes","Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n","The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n         diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n         that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n         organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n         papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n         began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n         organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n         placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n         the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n         useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n         letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n         gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n         attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n         considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n         on the collection, the new student processors were\n         instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n         of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n         replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n         headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n         paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n         reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n         other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n         some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n         researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n         also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n         omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n         location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n         numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n         with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n         collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n         ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n         this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n         there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n         processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n         undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n         the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n         project.","The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n         iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n         self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n         mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n         production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n         Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n         mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n         1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n         produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n         Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n         Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n         limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n         Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n         Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n         Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n         every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n         bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n         church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n         the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n         cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n         they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n         statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n         Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n         $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n         Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n         of these stores carried large inventories which are\n         detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n         to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n         a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n         theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n         people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n         center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n         provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n         tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n         no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n         Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n         that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n         served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n         who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n         \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n         the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n         Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n         Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n         important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n         their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n         the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n         used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n         acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n         from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n         until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n         eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n         exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n         in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n         chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n         and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n         Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n         Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n         the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n         transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n         Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n         among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n         for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n         services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n         relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n         Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n         about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n         rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n         \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n         from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n         wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n         mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n         We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n         in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n         not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n         to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n         the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n         dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n         \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n         of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n         shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n         getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n         railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n         another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n         General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n         supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n         consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n         ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n         Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n         laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n         York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n         in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n          To Mr. George Wickes \n             Supt. of Mines \n             Kay Moor, Virginia \n             Dear George, \n             Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n            got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n            Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n            but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n            seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n            York transportations to this place have never been a\n            success. Signed, \n             Ed D. Wickes Supt. of Mines Low Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n         of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n         Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n         to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n         would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n         ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n         Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n         underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n         immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n         it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n         labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n         in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n         strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n         great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n         mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n         normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n         still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n         April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n         manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n         get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n         short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n         coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n         There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n         result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n         wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n         the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n         Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n         only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n         at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n         furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n         industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n         Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n         short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n         from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n         prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n         1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n         the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n         Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n         Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n         writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n         \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n         any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n         this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n         the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n         manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n         lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n         dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n         November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n         high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n         There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n         coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n         troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n         situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n         meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n         helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n         furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n         shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n         had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n         needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n         Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n         war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n         Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n         short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n         depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n         Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n         pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n         company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n         1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n         coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n         orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n         it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n         months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n         furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n         returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n         Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n         Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n         to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n         industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n         talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n         revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n         merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n         was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n         Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n         told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n         The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n         fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n         from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n         1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n         Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n         transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n         letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n         Iron Association, to the \n          Manufacturers Record dated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n         tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n         claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n         production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n         the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n         furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n         trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n         in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n         equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n         only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n         increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n         25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n         Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n         furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n         northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n         all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n         competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n         the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n         southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n         were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n         producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n         should be restored to a relationship with southern\n         furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n         states iron industries should not have been in the same\n         desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n         should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n         heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n         plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n         accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n         years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n         those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n         U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n         of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n         freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n         there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n         rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n         was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n         easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n         of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n         that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n         industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n         the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n         mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n         the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n         produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n         as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n         inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n         Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n         the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n         of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n         the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n         Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n         developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n         Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n         Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n         1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n         1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n         1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n         1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n         ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n         G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n         ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n         1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n         C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n         Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n         J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n         1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n         coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n         Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n         George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n         1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n         Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n         Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n         ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n         Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n         personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n         Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n         assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.","The Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n            what happened to the records of the company in the years\n            immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n            Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n            the University of Virginia Library.","The records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n            new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n            truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n            tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n            over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n            realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n            papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n            and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n            information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n            the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n            transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n            and Manuscripts.","By 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n            Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n            especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n            collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n            division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n            the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n            had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n            aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n            use until the collection could be processed.","In preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n            which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n            were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n            between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n            unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n            labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n            cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n            Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n            numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n            had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n            after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n            subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n            the original order were lost.","The bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n            twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n            staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n            occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n            the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n            of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n            using the collection invariably died.","In late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n            Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n            Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n            Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n            collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n            All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n            Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n            contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n            and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n            cardboard sheets were recorded.","The more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n            Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n            The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n            form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n            readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n            This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n            this guide.","The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n         approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n         95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n         bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n         1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n         Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n         County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n         produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n         company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n         quarries, there is considerable information about the\n         production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n         records that deal with the company's employees have\n         survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n         like. Because these books sometimes include information\n         about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n         race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n         should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n         mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n         ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n         mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n         The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n         pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n         iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n         structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n         dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n         furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n         considerable information about railroads and their\n         relationship to their customers.","See the \n             \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["662"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n         1873-1927"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Green Bookman in\n            1939."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["95 linear feer + 1200\n         volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections. \n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n         diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n         that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n         organization in the usual sense of the word.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n         papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n         began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n         organization could be determined.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n         placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n         the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n         useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n         letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n         gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n         attic), but they, too, proved useless.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n         considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n         on the collection, the new student processors were\n         instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n         of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n         replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n         headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n         paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n         reviewed and notes taken for the guide.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n         other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n         some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n         researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n         also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n         omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n         location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n         numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n         with the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n         collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n         ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n         this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n         there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n         processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n         undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n         the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n         project.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n         diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n         that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n         organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n         papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n         began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n         organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n         placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n         the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n         useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n         letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n         gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n         attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n         considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n         on the collection, the new student processors were\n         instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n         of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n         replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n         headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n         paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n         reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n         other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n         some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n         researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n         also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n         omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n         location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n         numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n         with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n         collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n         ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n         this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n         there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n         processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n         undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n         the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n         project."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n         iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n         self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n         mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n         production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n         Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n         mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n         1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n         produce finished iron products.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCoal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n         Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n         Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n         limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n         Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n         Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n         Covington or Clifton Forge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n         every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n         bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n         church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n         the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n         cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n         they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n         statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n         Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n         $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n         Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n         of these stores carried large inventories which are\n         detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n         to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n         a coal miner and his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n         theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n         people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n         center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n         provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n         tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n         no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n         Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n         that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n         served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n         who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n         \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n         the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n         Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n         Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n         important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n         their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n         the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n         used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n         acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n         from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n         until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n         eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n         exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n         in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n         chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n         and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n         Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n         Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePerhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n         the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n         transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n         Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n         among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n         for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n         services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n         relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n         Company complained many times to the C \u0026amp; O Railroad\n         about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n         rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n         \u0026amp; O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n         from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n         wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n         mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n         We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n         in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n         not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n         to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n         the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n         dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n         \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n         of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n         shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n         getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n         railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n         another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n         General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n         supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n         consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n         ovens all day.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n         Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n         laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n         York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n         in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n         \u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo Mr. George Wickes \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSupt. of Mines \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eKay Moor, Virginia \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDear George, \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n            got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n            Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n            but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n            seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n            York transportations to this place have never been a\n            success.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSigned, \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEd D. Wickes Supt. of Mines\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003eLow Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n         of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n         Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n         to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n         would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n         ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n         Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n         underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n         immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n         it is noted in the description of the box contents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n         labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n         in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n         strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n         great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n         mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n         normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n         still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n         April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n         manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n         get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n         short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n         coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n         There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n         result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n         wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n         the United Mine Workers Union in December.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n         Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n         only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n         at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n         furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n         industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n         Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n         short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n         from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n         prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n         1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n         the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n         Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n         Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n         writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n         \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n         any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n         this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n         the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n         manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n         lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n         dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n         November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n         high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n         There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n         coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n         troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n         situation has grown serious.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen America became involved in the First World War, it\n         meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n         helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n         furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n         shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n         had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n         needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n         Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n         war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n         Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n         short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n         depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n         Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n         pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n         company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n         1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n         coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n         orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n         it had on hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n         months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n         furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n         returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n         Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n         Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n         to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n         industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n         talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n         revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n         merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n         was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n         Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n         told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n         The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n         fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n         from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n         1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhy did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n         Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n         transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n         letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n         Iron Association, to the \n         \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eManufacturers Record\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003edated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n         tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n         claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n         production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n         the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n         furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n         trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n         in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n         equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n         only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n         increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n         25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n         Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n         furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n         northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n         all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n         competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n         the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n         southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n         were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n         producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n         should be restored to a relationship with southern\n         furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n         states iron industries should not have been in the same\n         desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n         should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n         heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n         plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n         accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n         years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n         those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n         U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n         of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n         freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n         there are other reasons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n         rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n         was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n         easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n         of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n         that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n         industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n         the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n         mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n         the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n         produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n         as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n         inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n         Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n         the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n         of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n         the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n         Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n         developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n         Moor Iron Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company Personnel:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExecutive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n         Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n         1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n         1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n         1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n         1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n         ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n         G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n         ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n         1918-1928.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFactory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n         C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n         Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n         J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n         1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n         coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n         Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n         George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n         1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n         Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n         Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n         ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n         Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n         personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n         Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n         assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n         iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n         self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n         mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n         production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n         Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n         mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n         1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n         produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n         Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n         Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n         limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n         Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n         Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n         Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n         every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n         bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n         church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n         the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n         cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n         they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n         statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n         Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n         $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n         Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n         of these stores carried large inventories which are\n         detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n         to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n         a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n         theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n         people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n         center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n         provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n         tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n         no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n         Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n         that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n         served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n         who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n         \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n         the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n         Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n         Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n         important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n         their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n         the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n         used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n         acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n         from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n         until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n         eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n         exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n         in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n         chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n         and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n         Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n         Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n         the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n         transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n         Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n         among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n         for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n         services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n         relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n         Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n         about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n         rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n         \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n         from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n         wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n         mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n         We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n         in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n         not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n         to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n         the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n         dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n         \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n         of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n         shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n         getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n         railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n         another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n         General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n         supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n         consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n         ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n         Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n         laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n         York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n         in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n          To Mr. George Wickes \n             Supt. of Mines \n             Kay Moor, Virginia \n             Dear George, \n             Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n            got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n            Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n            but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n            seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n            York transportations to this place have never been a\n            success. Signed, \n             Ed D. Wickes Supt. of Mines Low Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n         of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n         Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n         to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n         would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n         ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n         Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n         underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n         immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n         it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n         labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n         in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n         strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n         great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n         mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n         normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n         still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n         April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n         manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n         get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n         short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n         coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n         There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n         result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n         wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n         the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n         Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n         only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n         at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n         furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n         industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n         Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n         short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n         from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n         prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n         1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n         the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n         Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n         Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n         writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n         \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n         any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n         this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n         the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n         manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n         lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n         dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n         November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n         high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n         There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n         coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n         troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n         situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n         meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n         helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n         furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n         shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n         had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n         needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n         Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n         war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n         Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n         short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n         depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n         Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n         pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n         company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n         1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n         coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n         orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n         it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n         months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n         furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n         returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n         Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n         Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n         to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n         industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n         talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n         revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n         merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n         was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n         Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n         told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n         The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n         fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n         from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n         1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n         Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n         transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n         letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n         Iron Association, to the \n          Manufacturers Record dated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n         tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n         claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n         production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n         the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n         furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n         trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n         in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n         equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n         only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n         increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n         25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n         Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n         furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n         northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n         all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n         competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n         the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n         southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n         were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n         producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n         should be restored to a relationship with southern\n         furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n         states iron industries should not have been in the same\n         desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n         should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n         heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n         plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n         accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n         years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n         those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n         U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n         of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n         freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n         there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n         rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n         was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n         easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n         of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n         that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n         industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n         the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n         mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n         the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n         produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n         as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n         inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n         Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n         the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n         of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n         the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n         Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n         developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n         Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n         Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n         1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n         1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n         1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n         1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n         ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n         G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n         ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n         1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n         C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n         Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n         J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n         1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n         coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n         Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n         George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n         1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n         Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n         Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n         ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n         Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n         personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n         Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n         assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n            what happened to the records of the company in the years\n            immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n            Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n            the University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n            new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n            truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n            tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n            over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n            realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n            papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n            and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n            information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n            the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n            transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n            and Manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company ceased operations in 1930;\n            what happened to the records of the company in the years\n            immediately following is not known, but in 1939, the Green\n            Bookman, a Charlottesville bookshop, sold the records to\n            the University of Virginia Library.","The records arrived at the receiving room door of the\n            new Alderman Library on October 16, 1939, in a trailer\n            truck whose load was estimated to weigh about fourteen\n            tons. As the manuscripts staff dug around in the piles of\n            over 1200 account books, and countless boxes of papers they\n            realized that the company had saved almost all of its\n            papers including checks, invoices, vouchers, and receipts,\n            and certain of these records were destroyed as their\n            information was recorded in other records. Once the bulk of\n            the collection had been reduced, the remaining records were\n            transferred to the stack area of the Division of Rare Books\n            and Manuscripts."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome 1200 bound accounting record books of the Low Moor\n            Iron Company came into the custody of the Library with the\n            loose papers. When the project staff investigated these\n            volumes in the dormitory attic where they were stored, they\n            found that the volumes had been shelved by size rather than\n            by series. Thus, a letterbook may stand next to a stock\n            report book for a furnace, which is, in turn, next to a\n            store account book for the Kay Moor Mines' store. No series\n            are shelved in order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMembers of the project staff surveyed the volumes,\n            completing for each volume two copies of a mimeographed\n            survey form, and assigning to each volume a number. One\n            copy of the survey report form was placed in the volume,\n            and the second was returned to the Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the survey report forms, 3 x 5 inch index\n            cards--with a carbon copy of each--were typed. One set of\n            index cards has been kept in order by the numbers assigned\n            to the volumes as they stand on the shelves. This provides\n            a shelf list for the use of the library staff. The other\n            set of cards was sorted into categories as a finding aid.\n            On the list that follows, the researcher will find a number\n            of major headings such as \"Accounts,\" \"Inventories,\"\n            \"Letter Books,\" and \"Shipments-Outgoing.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInsofar as it has been possible to determine from the\n            data on the survey report forms, the volumes have been\n            assigned to categories. Most of the major categories, or\n            headings, have sub-headings. Within those sub-headings, the\n            volumes have been arranged chronologically. The\n            investigators realize that after careful study of some of\n            these volumes, they will be revealed as belonging to other\n            categories than those in which they have initially been\n            placed. The card index will allow such movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAvailable in the Manuscripts/Archives Reading Room in\n            the Library is the sorted card index file. There is a card\n            for every volume in this file whereas, on the pages that\n            follow, volumes have been summarized under the headings and\n            sub-headings. In each case, the number of volumes has been\n            given in the summarized list; the date ranges given are\n            inclusive in most cases, and do not reveal the many gaps in\n            sequences unless the number of volumes is small and the\n            date range wide. Occasional remarks about the content of\n            volumes have been supplied if the contents are not obvious\n            from the heading or sub-heading.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to examine any of these volumes will\n            have to use the card index file in order to be able to give\n            to the staff the volume number assigned to the individual\n            volumes that are to be inspected.\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Some 1200 bound accounting record books of the Low Moor\n            Iron Company came into the custody of the Library with the\n            loose papers. When the project staff investigated these\n            volumes in the dormitory attic where they were stored, they\n            found that the volumes had been shelved by size rather than\n            by series. Thus, a letterbook may stand next to a stock\n            report book for a furnace, which is, in turn, next to a\n            store account book for the Kay Moor Mines' store. No series\n            are shelved in order.","Members of the project staff surveyed the volumes,\n            completing for each volume two copies of a mimeographed\n            survey form, and assigning to each volume a number. One\n            copy of the survey report form was placed in the volume,\n            and the second was returned to the Library.","From the survey report forms, 3 x 5 inch index\n            cards--with a carbon copy of each--were typed. One set of\n            index cards has been kept in order by the numbers assigned\n            to the volumes as they stand on the shelves. This provides\n            a shelf list for the use of the library staff. The other\n            set of cards was sorted into categories as a finding aid.\n            On the list that follows, the researcher will find a number\n            of major headings such as \"Accounts,\" \"Inventories,\"\n            \"Letter Books,\" and \"Shipments-Outgoing.\"","Insofar as it has been possible to determine from the\n            data on the survey report forms, the volumes have been\n            assigned to categories. Most of the major categories, or\n            headings, have sub-headings. Within those sub-headings, the\n            volumes have been arranged chronologically. The\n            investigators realize that after careful study of some of\n            these volumes, they will be revealed as belonging to other\n            categories than those in which they have initially been\n            placed. The card index will allow such movement.","Available in the Manuscripts/Archives Reading Room in\n            the Library is the sorted card index file. There is a card\n            for every volume in this file whereas, on the pages that\n            follow, volumes have been summarized under the headings and\n            sub-headings. In each case, the number of volumes has been\n            given in the summarized list; the date ranges given are\n            inclusive in most cases, and do not reveal the many gaps in\n            sequences unless the number of volumes is small and the\n            date range wide. Occasional remarks about the content of\n            volumes have been supplied if the contents are not obvious\n            from the heading or sub-heading.","Researchers wishing to examine any of these volumes will\n            have to use the card index file in order to be able to give\n            to the staff the volume number assigned to the individual\n            volumes that are to be inspected."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Low Moor Iron Company, Accession #662,\n            Special Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company, Accession #662,\n            Special Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBy 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n            Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n            especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n            collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n            division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n            the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n            had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n            aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n            use until the collection could be processed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n            which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n            were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n            between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n            unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n            labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n            cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n            Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n            numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n            had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n            after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n            subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n            the original order were lost.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n            twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n            staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n            occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n            the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n            of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n            using the collection invariably died.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n            Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n            Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n            Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n            collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n            All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n            Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n            contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n            and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n            cardboard sheets were recorded.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n            Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n            The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n            form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n            readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n            This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n            this guide.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["By 1958, little storage space remained in Alderman\n            Library, and the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division was\n            especially crowded because of the rapid growth of its\n            collections. After an examination of its storage areas, the\n            division's staff decided to move the Low Moor records to\n            the attic of one of the student dormitories. The collection\n            had had little use chiefly because there was no finding\n            aid. There seemed little likelihood of extensive researcher\n            use until the collection could be processed.","In preparation for the move, the old letter boxes in\n            which much of the collection had arrived in the Library\n            were discarded. The records from each box were placed\n            between sheets of the heavy gray cardboard used to protect\n            unbound newspapers in the Library's stacks, and the spine\n            labels of the old letter boxes were copied onto the\n            cardboard. The resulting bundles were wrapped with brown\n            Kraft paper and tied up with string. The bundles were\n            numbered. Whatever original order the letter boxes may have\n            had was lost by the time they arrived in the Library, and\n            after the bundling, removal to a dormitory attic, and\n            subsequent return to the Library in 1976, all vestiges of\n            the original order were lost.","The bundles remained in the dormitory attic for almost\n            twenty years. Occasional visits were made by the division\n            staff to check on their condition, and on very rare\n            occasions, a researcher was brave enough to ask to be shown\n            the collection. Once the researcher saw the imposing amount\n            of material and the conditions in the attic, interest in\n            using the collection invariably died.","In late 1976 a grant from the National Endowment for the\n            Humanities was obtained to allow the Library to process the\n            Low Moor Iron Company papers, and the papers of Edward L.\n            Stone and the Borderland Coal Company, another large\n            collection of records stored in the same dormitory attic.\n            All of these records and papers were moved back to the\n            Library where the bundles were cleaned and opened. The\n            contents of each were placed in a Hollinger storage box,\n            and all notes on the paper wrappings and on the gray\n            cardboard sheets were recorded.","The more than 1200 bound accounting records of the Low\n            Moor Iron Company were surveyed by the grant project staff.\n            The contents of each volume were noted on a mimeographed\n            form, and later typed on 3 x 5\" cards to create a\n            readily-accessible file for the Manuscripts Reading Room.\n            This information was also typed on pages to be added to\n            this guide."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n         approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n         95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n         bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n         1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n         Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n         County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material consists of records typical of those\n         produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n         company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n         quarries, there is considerable information about the\n         production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n         records that deal with the company's employees have\n         survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n         like. Because these books sometimes include information\n         about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n         race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n         should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n         mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n         ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n         mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n         The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n         pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n         iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n         structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n         dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n         furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n         considerable information about railroads and their\n         relationship to their customers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n         approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n         95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n         bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n         1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n         Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n         County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n         produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n         company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n         quarries, there is considerable information about the\n         production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n         records that deal with the company's employees have\n         survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n         like. Because these books sometimes include information\n         about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n         race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n         should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n         mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n         ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n         mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n         The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n         pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n         iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n         structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n         dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n         furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n         considerable information about railroads and their\n         relationship to their customers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n            \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n             \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1879,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:10:02.328Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c01_c10_c05"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1792_c01_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"European Documents and records","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1792_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1792_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1792_c01_c01"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1792_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1792","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1792","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1792_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1792_c01","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1792","viu_repositories_3_resources_1792_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1792","viu_repositories_3_resources_1792_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Herbert Friedman Holocaust materials","Series 1. Identity and Citizenship Documents, and Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Herbert Friedman Holocaust materials","Series 1. Identity and Citizenship Documents, and Records"],"text":["Herbert Friedman Holocaust materials","Series 1. Identity and Citizenship Documents, and Records","European Documents and records"],"title_filing_ssi":"European Documents and records","title_ssm":["European Documents and records"],"title_tesim":["European Documents and records"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1896-1940"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1896/1940"],"normalized_title_ssm":["European Documents and records"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Herbert Friedman Holocaust materials"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"child_component_count_isi":18,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:46:51.937Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1792","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1792","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1792","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1792","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1792.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/221482","title_filing_ssi":"Friedman, Herbert, Holocaust materials","title_ssm":["Herbert Friedman Holocaust materials"],"title_tesim":["Herbert Friedman Holocaust materials"],"unitdate_ssm":["1924-2006","1896"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1924-2006"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1896"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16906","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1792"],"text":["MSS 16906","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1792","Herbert Friedman Holocaust materials","Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)","Jews  -- Austria","Kindertransports (Rescue operations)","Jewish children in the Holocaust","Jews  -- Virginia","History of Childhood, Parenting and Family Building (UVA)","This collection is open for research.","Herbert Friedman was born in Vienna on December 11, 1924. He lived with his family in Austria until 1938 when the persecution of Jewish populations in Germany, Austria, and Poland forced the Friedman family's exit from Vienna. ","Before he departed from Austria, Herbert Friedman was involved in the rescue of a woman who was drowning in the Danube Canal. Herbert, then 13 years old, and his friend Ernst Fleischer, then 15, garnered media attention in Jewish newspapers. Months later, Vienna fell to German occupation. Herbert's friend, Ernst, died in a concentration camp in 1942. ","Due to the publicity from saving a woman's life, Herbert secured an appointment with the Rabbi of Austria. The Rabbi named Herbert as one of the one-thousand children slated for the Kultusgemeinde, a negotiation between the Nazis and Austrians for the transportation of children to safer locations. Herbert left on the Kindertransport to England on December 10, 1938. He remained in England for two years, where he was educated in various schools, the majority of which were bombed out of commission by the German Luftwaffe. For these two years he desperately tried to help his mother and younger sister leave Vienna. His father and brother were already in America living in Baltimore, Maryland with relatives. They could barely speak English and were working low paying jobs which did not allow enough money to help the family members escape. They felt despair that his mother and sister might be deported, as other family members had been.","By December 1940, Herbert joined his family in the United States, where they had secured papers the previous year. Herbert attended Forest Park High School in Baltimore, graduating in 1942. He joined the United States Army soon after, serving in the South Pacific until 1945. Herbert attended the University of Maryland School of Pharmacy and was recalled to the Army during the Korean War, in which he served as a First Lieutenant.","Content Warning Note: This collection contains racial imagery typical for the time that contemporary viewers may find offensive.\n The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","There is an English translation with the letter.","There is an English translation with the letter.","There is an English translation with the letter.","There is an English translation with the letter.","There is an English translation with the letter.","No English translation","There is an English translation with the letter.","There is an English translation with the letter.","There is an English translation with the article.","no translation","no translation","no translation","no translation","This collection contains the personal papers of Herbert Friedman  (1924-2006), documenting his survival of the Holocaust from 1938 to 1940 in Vienna, including his two years in England, and his life afterward in the United States Army and as a successful pharmacist in Norfolk, Virginia. ","The Holocaust and its memory influenced his life and inspired him to create and share this archive to teach about his experiences and give courage and empathy to others. Friedman's archive primarily chronicles his efforts to get his mother out of Austria, his travel on the Kindertransport to England where he was educated in various schools, the majority of which were bombed out of commission by the German Luftwaffe, and finally in 1940 his immigration to the United States. ","The collection came in as two binders of correspondence, family transcriptions, photographs, and notes. The first, labeled \"Volume 1\" contained information about the desperation of living and trying to escape the persecution of Jewish people in Germany, Austria, and Poland, which forced the Friedman family's exit from Vienna. \"Volume 2\" contained the correspondence and documents about Herbert Friedman's immigration to England and America. Volumes 3 and 4 contained photographs and writings, materials related to Herbert's later life in the army and his career as a pharmacist, and then his vocation as a speaker and teacher about living through the Holocaust. ","The collection contains biographical pieces written by and about Friedman, correspondence with his friends and family, legal identification (Reisepass), official documents about obtaining affidavits that would allow them to leave Austria for abroad, Palestine, Australia, or America and photographs from his youth and time in the army. ","The collection includes Herbert's numbered tag \"325\" that he wore as he fled with the first group of children out of Germany. The correspondence is also the highlight of the collection as the letters from his mother in particular, reveal the fear and urgency with which she needed his help to leave Vienna immediately as she could be deported any minute. The letters are in German, Hebrew, Yiddish,French, and English. Most of the letters are translated into English. All the letters from family and friends begin \"Lieber Herbert\" or Dear Herbert.","There is also information about daily life, Herbert's Barmitzvah before the invasion, and his swim card which allowed him to go swimming one week before the Nazis took over. There are descriptions about standing in lines at the American Embassy and the intimidation of the Nazis (referred to as \"The Black People\") who kicked people out of line or beat them if they did not stand upright, or worse, arrested them and sent them to death camps. ","There is also genealogical information, research to find out what happened to family members who died at concentration camps, and a framed article honoring Friedman at thirteen years old and his friend Ernst Fleisher (15 years old) for saving a drowning woman in the river in Austria in 1937. There are also letters from officials in the Austrian Government praising Herbert for this act of bravery, as well as letters apologizing for not recognizing his bravery at the time, and for the terrible time for Austrians during the Nazi reign.","The collection also contains four books, some inscribed by friends and family. The books,  Zur Erinnerung an die Barmizwah ,  Altneuland The Old New Land  by Theodor Herzl,  A Book of Jewish Thought , and  Pears Enclyclopaedia   were catalogued separately.","Last time Herbert Friedman used his swim team card on March 10, 1938. Hitler invaded Vienna March 12, 1938.","Her first letter from Baltimore, Maryland, USA","Includes card notification from the Hampstead National Registration Office that address must be updated to receive new ration book.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Friedman, Herbert, 1924-2006","English German Hebrew Yiddish French"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16906","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1792"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Herbert Friedman Holocaust materials"],"collection_title_tesim":["Herbert Friedman Holocaust materials"],"collection_ssim":["Herbert Friedman Holocaust materials"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Friedman, Herbert, 1924-2006"],"creator_ssim":["Friedman, Herbert, 1924-2006"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Friedman, Herbert, 1924-2006"],"creators_ssim":["Friedman, Herbert, 1924-2006"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from Mark Friedman and Ron Friedman to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 3 December 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)","Jews  -- Austria","Kindertransports (Rescue operations)","Jewish children in the Holocaust","Jews  -- Virginia","History of Childhood, Parenting and Family Building (UVA)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)","Jews  -- Austria","Kindertransports (Rescue operations)","Jewish children in the Holocaust","Jews  -- Virginia","History of Childhood, Parenting and Family Building (UVA)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["1 Cubic Feet 2 legal size document boxes, and 1 half-width legal size document box"],"extent_tesim":["1 Cubic Feet 2 legal size document boxes, and 1 half-width legal size document box"],"date_range_isim":[1896,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHerbert Friedman was born in Vienna on December 11, 1924. He lived with his family in Austria until 1938 when the persecution of Jewish populations in Germany, Austria, and Poland forced the Friedman family's exit from Vienna. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBefore he departed from Austria, Herbert Friedman was involved in the rescue of a woman who was drowning in the Danube Canal. Herbert, then 13 years old, and his friend Ernst Fleischer, then 15, garnered media attention in Jewish newspapers. Months later, Vienna fell to German occupation. Herbert's friend, Ernst, died in a concentration camp in 1942. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDue to the publicity from saving a woman's life, Herbert secured an appointment with the Rabbi of Austria. The Rabbi named Herbert as one of the one-thousand children slated for the Kultusgemeinde, a negotiation between the Nazis and Austrians for the transportation of children to safer locations. Herbert left on the Kindertransport to England on December 10, 1938. He remained in England for two years, where he was educated in various schools, the majority of which were bombed out of commission by the German Luftwaffe. For these two years he desperately tried to help his mother and younger sister leave Vienna. His father and brother were already in America living in Baltimore, Maryland with relatives. They could barely speak English and were working low paying jobs which did not allow enough money to help the family members escape. They felt despair that his mother and sister might be deported, as other family members had been.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy December 1940, Herbert joined his family in the United States, where they had secured papers the previous year. Herbert attended Forest Park High School in Baltimore, graduating in 1942. He joined the United States Army soon after, serving in the South Pacific until 1945. Herbert attended the University of Maryland School of Pharmacy and was recalled to the Army during the Korean War, in which he served as a First Lieutenant.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Herbert Friedman was born in Vienna on December 11, 1924. He lived with his family in Austria until 1938 when the persecution of Jewish populations in Germany, Austria, and Poland forced the Friedman family's exit from Vienna. ","Before he departed from Austria, Herbert Friedman was involved in the rescue of a woman who was drowning in the Danube Canal. Herbert, then 13 years old, and his friend Ernst Fleischer, then 15, garnered media attention in Jewish newspapers. Months later, Vienna fell to German occupation. Herbert's friend, Ernst, died in a concentration camp in 1942. ","Due to the publicity from saving a woman's life, Herbert secured an appointment with the Rabbi of Austria. The Rabbi named Herbert as one of the one-thousand children slated for the Kultusgemeinde, a negotiation between the Nazis and Austrians for the transportation of children to safer locations. Herbert left on the Kindertransport to England on December 10, 1938. He remained in England for two years, where he was educated in various schools, the majority of which were bombed out of commission by the German Luftwaffe. For these two years he desperately tried to help his mother and younger sister leave Vienna. His father and brother were already in America living in Baltimore, Maryland with relatives. They could barely speak English and were working low paying jobs which did not allow enough money to help the family members escape. They felt despair that his mother and sister might be deported, as other family members had been.","By December 1940, Herbert joined his family in the United States, where they had secured papers the previous year. Herbert attended Forest Park High School in Baltimore, graduating in 1942. He joined the United States Army soon after, serving in the South Pacific until 1945. Herbert attended the University of Maryland School of Pharmacy and was recalled to the Army during the Korean War, in which he served as a First Lieutenant."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent Warning Note: This collection contains racial imagery typical for the time that contemporary viewers may find offensive.\n The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnglish translation with the letter\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnglish translation with the letter\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnglish translation with the letter\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnglish translation with the letter\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnglish translation with the letter\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnglish translation with the letter\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnglish translation with the letter\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnglish translation with the letter\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnglish translation with the letter\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnglish translation with the letter\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnglish translation with the letter\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is an English translation with the letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is an English translation with the letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is an English translation with the letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is an English translation with the letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is an English translation with the letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo English translation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is an English translation with the letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is an English translation with the letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is an English translation with the article.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eno translation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eno translation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eno translation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eno translation\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Content Warning Note: This collection contains racial imagery typical for the time that contemporary viewers may find offensive.\n The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","English translation with the letter","There is an English translation with the letter.","There is an English translation with the letter.","There is an English translation with the letter.","There is an English translation with the letter.","There is an English translation with the letter.","No English translation","There is an English translation with the letter.","There is an English translation with the letter.","There is an English translation with the article.","no translation","no translation","no translation","no translation"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the personal papers of Herbert Friedman  (1924-2006), documenting his survival of the Holocaust from 1938 to 1940 in Vienna, including his two years in England, and his life afterward in the United States Army and as a successful pharmacist in Norfolk, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Holocaust and its memory influenced his life and inspired him to create and share this archive to teach about his experiences and give courage and empathy to others. Friedman's archive primarily chronicles his efforts to get his mother out of Austria, his travel on the Kindertransport to England where he was educated in various schools, the majority of which were bombed out of commission by the German Luftwaffe, and finally in 1940 his immigration to the United States. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection came in as two binders of correspondence, family transcriptions, photographs, and notes. The first, labeled \"Volume 1\" contained information about the desperation of living and trying to escape the persecution of Jewish people in Germany, Austria, and Poland, which forced the Friedman family's exit from Vienna. \"Volume 2\" contained the correspondence and documents about Herbert Friedman's immigration to England and America. Volumes 3 and 4 contained photographs and writings, materials related to Herbert's later life in the army and his career as a pharmacist, and then his vocation as a speaker and teacher about living through the Holocaust. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains biographical pieces written by and about Friedman, correspondence with his friends and family, legal identification (Reisepass), official documents about obtaining affidavits that would allow them to leave Austria for abroad, Palestine, Australia, or America and photographs from his youth and time in the army. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes Herbert's numbered tag \"325\" that he wore as he fled with the first group of children out of Germany. The correspondence is also the highlight of the collection as the letters from his mother in particular, reveal the fear and urgency with which she needed his help to leave Vienna immediately as she could be deported any minute. The letters are in German, Hebrew, Yiddish,French, and English. Most of the letters are translated into English. All the letters from family and friends begin \"Lieber Herbert\" or Dear Herbert.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also information about daily life, Herbert's Barmitzvah before the invasion, and his swim card which allowed him to go swimming one week before the Nazis took over. There are descriptions about standing in lines at the American Embassy and the intimidation of the Nazis (referred to as \"The Black People\") who kicked people out of line or beat them if they did not stand upright, or worse, arrested them and sent them to death camps. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also genealogical information, research to find out what happened to family members who died at concentration camps, and a framed article honoring Friedman at thirteen years old and his friend Ernst Fleisher (15 years old) for saving a drowning woman in the river in Austria in 1937. There are also letters from officials in the Austrian Government praising Herbert for this act of bravery, as well as letters apologizing for not recognizing his bravery at the time, and for the terrible time for Austrians during the Nazi reign.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains four books, some inscribed by friends and family. The books, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eZur Erinnerung an die Barmizwah\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAltneuland The Old New Land\u003c/emph\u003e by Theodor Herzl, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Book of Jewish Thought\u003c/emph\u003e, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePears Enclyclopaedia \u003c/emph\u003e were catalogued separately.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLast time Herbert Friedman used his swim team card on March 10, 1938. Hitler invaded Vienna March 12, 1938.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer first letter from Baltimore, Maryland, USA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes card notification from the Hampstead National Registration Office that address must be updated to receive new ration book.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the personal papers of Herbert Friedman  (1924-2006), documenting his survival of the Holocaust from 1938 to 1940 in Vienna, including his two years in England, and his life afterward in the United States Army and as a successful pharmacist in Norfolk, Virginia. ","The Holocaust and its memory influenced his life and inspired him to create and share this archive to teach about his experiences and give courage and empathy to others. Friedman's archive primarily chronicles his efforts to get his mother out of Austria, his travel on the Kindertransport to England where he was educated in various schools, the majority of which were bombed out of commission by the German Luftwaffe, and finally in 1940 his immigration to the United States. ","The collection came in as two binders of correspondence, family transcriptions, photographs, and notes. The first, labeled \"Volume 1\" contained information about the desperation of living and trying to escape the persecution of Jewish people in Germany, Austria, and Poland, which forced the Friedman family's exit from Vienna. \"Volume 2\" contained the correspondence and documents about Herbert Friedman's immigration to England and America. Volumes 3 and 4 contained photographs and writings, materials related to Herbert's later life in the army and his career as a pharmacist, and then his vocation as a speaker and teacher about living through the Holocaust. ","The collection contains biographical pieces written by and about Friedman, correspondence with his friends and family, legal identification (Reisepass), official documents about obtaining affidavits that would allow them to leave Austria for abroad, Palestine, Australia, or America and photographs from his youth and time in the army. ","The collection includes Herbert's numbered tag \"325\" that he wore as he fled with the first group of children out of Germany. The correspondence is also the highlight of the collection as the letters from his mother in particular, reveal the fear and urgency with which she needed his help to leave Vienna immediately as she could be deported any minute. The letters are in German, Hebrew, Yiddish,French, and English. Most of the letters are translated into English. All the letters from family and friends begin \"Lieber Herbert\" or Dear Herbert.","There is also information about daily life, Herbert's Barmitzvah before the invasion, and his swim card which allowed him to go swimming one week before the Nazis took over. There are descriptions about standing in lines at the American Embassy and the intimidation of the Nazis (referred to as \"The Black People\") who kicked people out of line or beat them if they did not stand upright, or worse, arrested them and sent them to death camps. ","There is also genealogical information, research to find out what happened to family members who died at concentration camps, and a framed article honoring Friedman at thirteen years old and his friend Ernst Fleisher (15 years old) for saving a drowning woman in the river in Austria in 1937. There are also letters from officials in the Austrian Government praising Herbert for this act of bravery, as well as letters apologizing for not recognizing his bravery at the time, and for the terrible time for Austrians during the Nazi reign.","The collection also contains four books, some inscribed by friends and family. The books,  Zur Erinnerung an die Barmizwah ,  Altneuland The Old New Land  by Theodor Herzl,  A Book of Jewish Thought , and  Pears Enclyclopaedia   were catalogued separately.","Last time Herbert Friedman used his swim team card on March 10, 1938. 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In his letters to his children he was especially warm and lighthearted, showing a side of his character which was not always evident in adult relations.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c03","ref_ssm":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c03"],"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c03","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01","parent_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01","parent_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["duPont family papers","Alfred I. Du Pont papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["duPont family papers","Alfred I. Du Pont papers"],"text":["duPont family papers","Alfred I. Du Pont papers","Extended Family","Phillips Academy","Bordentown Military Institute","Harriman Naitonal Bank","La Motte","Ball family","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Crane, Clara Isabel (Claris), 1880-1968","Crane, Sarah (Sadie) D., 1891-1970","Du Pont, T. Coleman (Thomas Coleman), 1863-1930","Du Pont, Francis I. (Francis Irénée), 1873-1942","Du Pont, H. A. (Henry Algernon), 1838-1926","Du Pont, Eleuthère Irénée, 1771-1834","Du Pont, Pierre S. (Pierre Samuel), 1870-1954","Du Pont, Nesta Pamela, 1903-1973","Duvall, Maria C. L. (Cumming Lamar), 1869-1957","Ellett, Katherine Gresham Tyler, 1909-2003","Francis, Olga M. (Olga Mary), 1904-2011","Gravely, Julian S. (\"Gin Gin\"), Mrs.","Gresham, Hattie Bell (\"de Blub\"), 1880-1964","Haile, Ella Grisham, 1845-1938","Jesse, Eoline C. 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Addison (Nehemiah Addison), 1882-1973","Baker, Jessie Gresham, 1918-1995","Ball, Maria Louisa, 1846-1932","Ball, Thomas , Jr., 1879-1960","Jesse, James D. (James DeJarnette), 1885-1962","Ball, A. L. C. (Addison Lombard Carter), 1876-1934","Bowley, Elsie Ball Wright, 1886-1972","Wright, Bayard W. (Bayard Winston), 1886-1940","Quigley, James P., Rev., 1862-1925","MacGregor, Mary Alicia Maddox Du Pont, 1903-1975","Troubetzkoy, Pierre, 1864-1936","Kirkus, Frederick M. (Frederick Maurice), Rev., 1862-1939","Brereton, Mary E. (Mary Elizabeth), 1887-1964","English","This series is made up of Alfred's extensive correspondence with cousins, nieces, and nephews, many of whom received his financial support. These included members of his third wife Jessie's family whom he adopted as his own. 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The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"date_range_isim":[1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935],"names_ssim":["Phillips Academy","Bordentown Military Institute","Harriman Naitonal Bank","La Motte","Ball family","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Crane, Clara Isabel (Claris), 1880-1968","Crane, Sarah (Sadie) D., 1891-1970","Du Pont, T. Coleman (Thomas Coleman), 1863-1930","Du Pont, Francis I. (Francis Irénée), 1873-1942","Du Pont, H. A. (Henry Algernon), 1838-1926","Du Pont, Eleuthère Irénée, 1771-1834","Du Pont, Pierre S. (Pierre Samuel), 1870-1954","Du Pont, Nesta Pamela, 1903-1973","Duvall, Maria C. L. (Cumming Lamar), 1869-1957","Ellett, Katherine Gresham Tyler, 1909-2003","Francis, Olga M. (Olga Mary), 1904-2011","Gravely, Julian S. (\"Gin Gin\"), Mrs.","Gresham, Hattie Bell (\"de Blub\"), 1880-1964","Haile, Ella Grisham, 1845-1938","Jesse, Eoline C. (Eoline Carter) Ball, 1890-1989","La Motte, Arthur, 1871-1947","Eaton, George \"Pap\" Thomas, 1856-1937","La Motte, Ellen N. (Ellen Newbold), 1873-1961","La Motte, Ferdinand, Jr., 1879-1961","La Motte, Theodore R. (\"Cap\"), 1863-ca. 1931","Du Pont, Lammot, 1880-1952","Lee, Cazenove Gardner, 1882-1945","Lee, Dorothy Vandegrift, 1886-1972","Lee, Marguerite Du Pont, 1862-1936","Lee, Richard H. 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(Eoline Carter) Ball, 1890-1989","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","La Motte, Arthur, 1871-1947","Eaton, George \"Pap\" Thomas, 1856-1937","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","La Motte, Ellen N. (Ellen Newbold), 1873-1961","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","La Motte, Ellen N. (Ellen Newbold), 1873-1961","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","La Motte, Ellen N. (Ellen Newbold), 1873-1961","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","La Motte, Ellen N. (Ellen Newbold), 1873-1961","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","La Motte, Ferdinand, Jr., 1879-1961","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","La Motte, Theodore R. (\"Cap\"), 1863-ca. 1931","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","La Motte, Theodore R. (\"Cap\"), 1863-ca. 1931","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Lammot, 1880-1952","Du Pont, Lammot, 1880-1952","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Lee, Cazenove Gardner, 1882-1945","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Lee, Cazenove Gardner, 1882-1945","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Lee, Cazenove Gardner, 1882-1945","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Lee, Cazenove Gardner, 1882-1945","Lee, Dorothy Vandegrift, 1886-1972","Lee, Marguerite Du Pont, 1862-1936","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Lee, Cazenove Gardner, 1882-1945","Lee, Dorothy Vandegrift, 1886-1972","Lee, Marguerite Du Pont, 1862-1936","Lee, Richard H. (Richard Henry), 1918-1940","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Lee, Cazenove Gardner, 1882-1945","Lee, Dorothy Vandegrift, 1886-1972","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Lee, Cazenove Gardner, 1882-1945","Lee, Dorothy Vandegrift, 1886-1972","Lee, Marguerite Du Pont, 1862-1936","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Lee, Geraldine \"Gerry\" Shaw, b. 1889","Lee, Maurice du Pont, 1885-1974","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont Lee, Marguerite, 1914-2004","Lee, Cazenove Gardner, 1882-1945","Lee, Dorothy Vandegrift, 1886-1972","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Lee, Katherine, 1885-1968","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont Lee, Marguerite, 1914-2004","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Lee, Geraldine \"Gerry\" Shaw, b. 1889","Lee, Charlotte, 1921-2014","Lee, Katherine, 1885-1968","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Lee, Geraldine \"Gerry\" Shaw, b. 1889","Du Pont Lee, Maurice, Jr., 1925-2020","Lee, Katherine, 1885-1968","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Lee, Maurice du Pont, 1885-1974","Du Pont, Maurice (1866-1941)","Lee, Geraldine \"Gerry\" Shaw, b. 1889","Lee, Marguerite Du Pont, 1862-1936","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Maurice (1866-1941)","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Lee, Richard H. (Richard Henry), 1918-1940","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Taylor, Archibald H., b. ca. 1851-d. 1928","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Ellett, Katherine Gresham Tyler, 1909-2003","Tyler, Frances Beale, 1911-2003","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Ellett, Katherine Gresham Tyler, 1909-2003","Tyler, Frances Beale, 1911-2003","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Tyler, Frances Beale, 1911-2003","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Wright, Thomas Ball Winston, 1909-1964","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Adams, Floride Harding, 1887-1965","Harding, Rebecca W., 1882-1982","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Harding, Rebecca W., 1882-1982","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Ball, Isabella Louise, 1882-1971","Baker, N. Addison (Nehemiah Addison), 1882-1973","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Baker, Jessie Gresham, 1918-1995","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Ball, Maria Louisa, 1846-1932","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Ball, Thomas , Jr., 1879-1960","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Ball, Thomas , Jr., 1879-1960","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Ball, Thomas , Jr., 1879-1960","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Ball, Thomas , Jr., 1879-1960","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Ellett, Katherine Gresham Tyler, 1909-2003","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Gresham, Hattie Bell (\"de Blub\"), 1880-1964","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Ball, Maria Louisa, 1846-1932","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Jesse, James D. (James DeJarnette), 1885-1962","Jesse, Eoline C. (Eoline Carter) Ball, 1890-1989","Ball, A. L. C. (Addison Lombard Carter), 1876-1934","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Bowley, Elsie Ball Wright, 1886-1972","Wright, Bayard W. (Bayard Winston), 1886-1940","Wright, Thomas Ball Winston, 1909-1964","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Quigley, James P., Rev., 1862-1925","MacGregor, Mary Alicia Maddox Du Pont, 1903-1975","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Troubetzkoy, Pierre, 1864-1936","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Kirkus, Frederick M. (Frederick Maurice), Rev., 1862-1939","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Brereton, Mary E. (Mary Elizabeth), 1887-1964","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970"],"language_ssim":["English"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series is made up of Alfred's extensive correspondence with cousins, nieces, and nephews, many of whom received his financial support. These included members of his third wife Jessie's family whom he adopted as his own. In his letters to his children he was especially warm and lighthearted, showing a side of his character which was not always evident in adult relations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series is made up of Alfred's extensive correspondence with cousins, nieces, and nephews, many of whom received his financial support. These included members of his third wife Jessie's family whom he adopted as his own. In his letters to his children he was especially warm and lighthearted, showing a side of his character which was not always evident in adult relations."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2","timestamp":"2026-05-20T21:30:16.538Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_572.xml","title_ssm":["duPont family papers"],"title_tesim":["duPont family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1897-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1897-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0169","/repositories/5/resources/572"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0169","/repositories/5/resources/572","duPont family papers","Correspondence","Photographs","The collection is open for research use.","The Alfred I. Du Pont Nemours papers consist of those            Du Pont manuscripts which were maintained at Nemours, the            family estate in Wilmington, Delaware. At some point they            were shipped to the offices of the Jessie Ball Du Pont            Religious, Charitable and Educational Fund in Jacksonville,            Florida. As designated by Jessie Ball duPont in her will,            the Nemours papers were donated to Washington and Lee            University, along with the duPont family papers located in            Jacksonville. Because of their distinct provenance it was            decided to process the papers from Nemours as a separate            series rather than integrating them into the Alfred I.            Du Pont Jacksonville papers or into the Jessie Ball Du Pont            Papers.","The original finding aid was funded in part by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities in partnership with the History Associates Incorporated in 2001. Edits to this description for injest into ArchivesSpace were made by Graham McKemy and Mattie Clear in 2023.","This series is related to the duPont genealogy in France and the United States, family relics, and tributes to Alfred I. duPont. It also includes correspondence and notes and galley sheets by Marquis James in preparation for publication of his biography, \"Alfred I. duPont: The Family Rebel.\"","Items selected by Jesse Ball duPont, 1874-1940.","This series contains correspondence and legal documents relating to Alfred's relationship with his three wives and his children. His detailed correspondence with his adopted daughter Alicia through her childhood and early married years in Europe present an especially detailed picture of the lifestyle and spending habits of an extremely wealthy family. Alfred also carried on a lifelong correspondence with his daughter Madeleine who settled in Munich, Germany. Letters exchanged with his brother Maurice document the rise and fall of the powder business, other business activities, and numerous social events. Alfred's especially candid letters with his older sister Marguerite, whom it is said, was the only person he feared, reveal his most intimate thoughts and activities.","This series is made up of Alfred's extensive correspondence with cousins, nieces, and nephews, many of whom received his financial support. These included members of his third wife Jessie's family whom he adopted as his own. In his letters to his children he was especially warm and lighthearted, showing a side of his character which was not always evident in adult relations.","This series consists of correspondence between Alfred and his closest friends throughout his lifetime. Principal correspondents include James Hackett, a noted, flamboyant actor; Jimmy L. Dashiell, musician, entrepreneur, and one-time business manager of the duPont Company; and Dr. Charles Hanby, friend, family physician, and collaborator in many charitable enterprises.","Records contain correspondence regarding the operation of the Wilmington Morning News and other newspapers and their duPont influenced editorial policy. Other records related to E. M. Davis and T. W. Jakes, political informants on the duPont payroll, and Alfred's views on women's suffrage, World War I, welfare reform, and a host of other topics.","Business records document the early days of the duPont Powder Company at the turn of the century to its breakup in 1915. Included is correspondence between Alfred, his cousin,Frank Cazenove Jones, and his brother, Maurice duPont. The details of the duPont family lawsuit are covered, including the reports of lawyers and private detectives. Banking ventures, the Nemours Trading Co., a variety of business and real estate ventures, and Alfred's 1912 activities in Paris are included.","Intimate details of the duPont family are documented. Subjects include: deafness, storage of furs, jewels, purchase of antiques, intimate articles, home furnishings, clubs, personal views, poetry, and musical compositions by Alfred.","This series deals with Alfred's vast interest and knowledge of automobiles, pumps, machinery, and gadgets. It documents his lifelong preoccupation with the design and construction of yachts, particularly the Nenemoosha.","Alfred's Delaware estate, Nemours, was another lifelong project. These records document earliest plans and stages of construction. Correspondence with contractors describes details of decorations, placement of monuments, water systems, supervision of staff, purchase of antiques, decorating, landscaping, supplies, and operation of the \"Blue Ball\" farm as part of the estate.","The wide variety of duPont charities is documented. The record begins with Alfred's earliest doling out of small payments to the needy in his community to the establishment of hospitals and the reform of the welfare system for the state of Delaware. Alfred's increased interest in charities during the Great Depression is documented.","Florida records include correspondence with Edward Ball, Alfred's brother-in-law and business manager. Included are banking reports and records related to construction and upkeep of Epping Forest as well as Nemours.","The Nemours Papers are part of the Du Pont Family Collection         and consist of 15 linear feet of records dating from 1831 to         1947. The bulk of the material dates from 1915 to 1935 and         reflects the business, financial, and family affairs of Alfred         I. duPont (1864-1935). In addition, the Papers include some of         the records of Alfred's second wife, Alicia Bradford Maddox         duPont (1875-1920), and his third wife, Jessie Ball duPont         (1884-1970).","Document types include personal and business         correspondence, as well as legal documents, which relate         primarily to patents and to several lawsuits in which Alfred         I. duPont was involved. Business and financial records relate         to family matters, such as Alfred I. duPont's guardianship of         Alicia Amory Maddox, as well as to professional interests such         as mining. The Papers include printed materials, such as         clippings, pamphlets, and magazine articles. They also contain         a large number of photographs documenting the family and         social lives of Alfred I. and Jessie Ball duPont.","The Alfred I. duPont Nemours Papers have been arranged as         six series: Correspondence, Business and Financial Records,         Legal Records, General, Printed Materials, and         Photographs.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","The Wilmington Morning News Building design drawings (in pencil) have been transferred to Oversize collection storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Nemours (Greenville, Del. : Dwelling)","St. Stephen's Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)","Du Pont De Nemours Cemetery Company","E.I. du Pont de Nemours Powder Company","Delaware Trust Company","Alfred I. Du Pont School District","Bobbs-Merrill Company","Davis \u0026 Brother, Inc.","Richards \u0026 Affeld","Brentano's (Firm)","Tiffany Studios (New York, N.Y.). Ecclesiastical Department","Carrère \u0026 Hastings","St. Stephen's Episcopal Church (Norwood, Pennsylvania)","Battle Creek Sanitarium (Battle Creek, Mich.)","Massena and Du Pont","Phillips Academy","Bordentown Military Institute","Harriman Naitonal Bank","Du Pont Maternity Hospital","Wilmington Morning News","Every Evening Wilmington","Wilmington (Del.). Department of Police","Delaware Ledger","Okonite Company","Service Citizens of Delaware","Atlas Powder Company","East Texas Oil, Gas, and Mineral Company","Rocky Mountain National Bank","American International Oil Corporation","Cambridge Yacht Club","Edmund Kelly Real Estate","The Club-Fellow \u0026 Washington Mirror","Glaze \u0026 Fine law firm","New York World","United States. Department of the Treasury","Equitable Guarantee and Trust Co.","Tonkin Du Pont Graphite Co.","Harriman National Bank","Corn Exchange National Bank","Franklin Trust Company (Philadelphia, PA)","Public Service Company of Colorado","Denver Gas and Electric Light Co.","The First National Bank of the City of New York","French American Constructive Corporation","Nemours Trading Corporation","E.I. du Pont de Nemours \u0026 Company","Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company","Brandywine Realty","Delaware Barber Company","Delaware State Chamber of Commerce","Everett Railway, Light and Water Company","Hotel du Pont","Harding Peeling Machine Company","Liberty Brand Canning Company","Delaware Packing Company","Gorham Manufacturing Company","McLean Contracting Company","Crosby and Hill Company","General Acoustic Company","George Tiemann and Company","Miller and Cleghorn","E. A. Myers and Sons","Sonotone Corporation","Auratone Incorporated","William F. Murphy's Sons","Mercantile Printing Company","The Dreka Company","Cann Brothers and Kinding Incorporated","Hughes and Muller Tailoring","Mann and Dilks","Buckeye Shirt Company","Gene-Vall Cigar Company, Incorporated","Jung Arch Brace Company","Rand McNally and Company","H. W. Fisher and Company","J.E. Caldwell \u0026 Co","Waltham Watch Company","Wall and Ochs ","Bonschur and Holmes","Franklin Simon \u0026 Co","Boué Soeurs","Grande Maison de Blanc","Faultless Manufacturing Company","George L. Starks and Company","National Association of Retail Clothiers and Furnishers","New Process Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Pathéscope (Firm)","Bell \u0026 Howell Co","Montana State Prison","Unexcelled Manufacturing Company","Ritz-Carlton Hotels (Firm)","Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers (U.S.)","United States. Post Office Department","National Horse Show Association of America","United States Lines Company","Social Register Association (U.S.)","Du Pont Bridge Club","G. Schirmer, Inc","Kny-Scheerer Company","Robinson Electric Manufacturing Company","Westchester Country Club (Rye, N.Y.)","Bankers Club of America","Beaver Lake Club","Congressional Country Club","Winchester Repeating Arms Company","Remington Arms Company","National Rifle Association of America","Jonas Bros. Taxidermy","Brunswick-Balke-Collender Company","A.G. Spalding \u0026 Bros","Abercrombie \u0026 Fitch","Graybar Electric Company inc","Pinkerton's National Detective Agency","League of Nations","United States Naval Academy","Delaware Automobile Association","International Harvester Company","Foss-Hughes Company","Rushmore Dynamo Works","Ford Motor Company","New York Edison Company","E. Rosenfeld and Company","Miniature Breaker Company","Packard Motor Car Company","Rolls-Royce of America","New York (State). Bureau of Motor Vehicles","Fortune Magazine","Toppan Boat Manufacturing Company","Shelton Electric Company","General Electric Company","Consilidated Gas and Gasoline Engine Company","Automatic Electrical Devices Company","New York Yacht Club","Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping (Firm)","Schenck and Schenck Insurance Agents and Brokers","United States. Hydrographic Office","Cox and Stevens","New London Ship and Engine Company","Wilmington Sunday Star","Western Pump Company","American Car and Foundry Company","Kelvinator","William J. Highfield General Insurance","Fire Association of Philadelphia","Marine Basin Company","Scott \u0026 Fowles (Firm)","Marine Construction Company","Yorktown Yacht Club","Consolidated Shipbuilding Corporation","Cooper-Bessemer Corporation","Henry J. Gielow, Incorporated","Mathis Yacht Building Company","Earl H. Croft, Incorporated","Broward County Port Authority","Keil Motor Company","Huckins Yacht Corporation","The Universal Horticultural Establishment, Incorporated","Winslow Bros. Company","Booth, Garrett and Blair","Otis Elevator Company","J.L. Mott Iron Works","Wilmington (Del.). Water Department","The Spur","James Boyd and Brothers","Ajax Fire Engine Works","Saks \u0026 Company (New York, N.Y.)","Remington Machine Company","Polar Water Still Company","Vacuum Engineering Company","Spencer Turbine Cleaner Company","Diamond Ice and Coal Company","Huyler's (Firm)","Robinson and Payne","Pitt and Scott","Armstrong Seatag Corporation","J. L. Kraft and Brothers Company","G. Washington Coffee Refining Company","James Rowland and Company","C. V. Floyd Fruit Company","Henry R. Hallowell and Son","Belle Meade Farm","Hearn Brothers","Mouquin, incorporated","Walter Hawkins Fruit","Maerose Fruit Corporation of Texas","Chappel Brothers Incorporated","Magasins du Louvre","E. Gimpel and Wildenstein","Steinway \u0026 Sons","W. \u0026 J. Sloane","E.F. Hodgson Co","Tiffany and Company","Theodore B. Starr","George F. Barnes, Incorporated","Gilman Collamore and Company","William T. Stuart, Incorporated","Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.)","Museum of Fine Arts, Boston","Seth Thomas Clock Company","Litchfield and Company","Aero Service Corporation","Rau Studios, Incorporated","Lewis \u0026 Conger","Samuel Kirk and Son","Davis Collamore and Company","Edmondson Warrin","Universal Appraisal Company","C. J. Benson and Company, Incorporated","S. P. Sulo Furniture Company","Bryant and Heffernan, Incorporated","Port Clinton Fish Company","Henry F. Michell Co","William H. Moon Company","Pierson U-Bar Company","Hitchings \u0026 Co","Wadley and Smythe","Skinner Irrigation Company","Ideal Power Lawn Mower Company","Coldwell Lawn Mower Company","Philadelphia Lawn Mower Company","Campbell Irrigation Company","John Polachek Bronze and Iron Works Company","Glen Brothers, Incorporated","Munson Whitaker Company","United States. Bureau of Forestry","Du Pont Gun Club","B. Ridgway and Son","Architectural Decorating Company","Johnson Service Company","Frigidaire Corporation","Tirrill Gas Machine Lighting Company","Manning Manufacturing Company","Oliver Oil Gas Burner and Machine Company","George W. McCaulley and Son Company","American Ironing Machine Co","Geyser Electric Washing Machine Company","Savage firearms","Church Art Work Company","Aladdin Company","Permutit Company","Smyth Construction Company","E. T. Burrowes","Wolfe and Adams","The Master Company","Bliss Exterminator Company","Verm-O-Spray","United Cork Flooring Company","Loomis-Manning Filter Distributing Company","Russell and Erwin Manufacturing Company","Blue Ball Farm (Wilmington, DE)","Andover Ambulance Corps.","Ward, Gray, and Neary","Young Men's Christian Association (Wilmington, De.)","Cambridge Maternity Hospital","National Organization for Public Health Nursing (U.S.)","St. John's Rectory (Milford, DE)","University of Delaware","Staunton Military Academy","Wharton Grove Camp Ground","College of William \u0026 Mary","Kent General Hospital (Dover, DE)","Cathedral School of St. John the Divine","American Association for Old Age Security","Delaware Old Age Welfare Commission","Delaware Old Age Pension Fund","Delaware. Department of Public Instruction","Alfred I. Du Pont School (Talleyville, DE)","Delaware. State Board of Education","Industrial Trust Company","Delaware State Aid Society","Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation","Florida National Bank","First National Bank (Panama City, FL)","Du Pont Family","La Motte","Ball family","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Jakes, T. W. (Thomas Webber) (Thomas Webber Jakes ), 1867-1945","Gentieu, Frederick, 1872-1951","Gentieu, Celeste, 1879-1971","Bakewell-Green, Estelle, 1870-1956","Spooner, W. W. (Walter Whipple), 1861-1922","Du Pont, T. Coleman (Thomas Coleman), 1863-1930","Du Pont, Ernest, 1880-1944","Maxwell, George T. (Gee Tee), 1895-1965","Du Pont, Samuel Francis, 1803-1865","Heitmuller, Anton H. F. (Anton Henry F.), 1859-1943","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","de Morant, V. G. (Victor Georges), 1878-1961","Archibald, S. G., fl. 1912-1920","Du Pont, Pauline Foster, 1849-1902","Conrad, Henry C. (Henry Clay), 1852-1930","Johnson, B. F. (Benjamin Franklin), 1856-1921","Ingersoll, Ralph (Ralph McAllister), 1900-1985","Du Pont, Pierre S. (Pierre Samuel), 1870-1954","Du Pont, E. Paul (Eleuthère Paul), 1887-1950","Stetser, Albert, 1886-1968","Du Pont, Eleuthère Irénée, 1771-1834","Du Pont, Mary Van Dyke, 1826-1909","Parker, E. W. (Eben Walter)","Lee, Maurice du Pont, 1885-1974","Ruoff, Madeleine Mary Du Pont, 1887-1965","Macomber, Susan G.","MacGregor, Mary Alicia Maddox Du Pont, 1903-1975","Goldsborough, Edith","Du Pont, Mary Alicia Heyward Bradford, 1875-1920","Du Pont, Alfred V. (Alfred Victor), 1900-1970","Hilles, Charles Dewey, 1867-1949","Huidekoper, Bessie Cazenove Du Pont, 1889-1973","Huidekoper, Reginald Shippen, 1876-1943","Du Pont, Victorine Elise, 1903-1965","Du Pont, Margaret (Margery) May Fitz Gerald, 1866-1951","Gray, R. A. (Robert Andrew), 1882-1975","Martinez, Joseph D.","Du Pont, Marcella Miller (1903-09-09-1985-09)","Mathewson, S. Frank","Connor, Ellen","James, Marquis, 1891-1955","Massey, Anne","Maxwell, T. J.","Chabannes, Jean-Pierre, Comte de Chabannes, 1862-1928","Du Pont, B. G. (Bessie Gardner), 1864-1949","Du Pont, Elizabeth Gardner, 1864-1949","Copeland, Charles, 1867-1944","Mann, Harrington, 1864-1937","Dent, Victorine Elise Du Pont, 1903-1965","Davidson, C. Frank","Du Pont, Samuel, 1910","Du Pont, Eluthera Paulina, 1912","Shears, W. C., Rev., d. ca. 1928","Shears, Ethel","Hastings, Thomas, 1860-1929","Dent, Elbert, 1895-1965","von Frantzius, Ida","Tripp, Marie A.","Glendening, Harold Sanford, 1896-1990","Glendening, Alan Sanford, 1923-1979","Zapffe, Adelaide Camille Du Pont, 1915-2000","Hiebler, Max, 1887-1957","Hiebler, Benno Lorenz, 1914-1980","Ruoff, Hermann","Hiebler, Alfred Friedrich, 1915-1991","Hiebler, Bayard Wilson \"Max\", 1911-1945","Hitler, Adolf, 1889-1945","Lee, Marguerite Du Pont, 1862-1936","Du Pont, Charlotte Louise, 1893-1972","Massena, Gabriel Francois, 1902-1945","Crane, Clara Isabel (Claris), 1880-1968","Crane, Sarah (Sadie) D., 1891-1970","Du Pont, Francis I. (Francis Irénée), 1873-1942","Du Pont, H. A. (Henry Algernon), 1838-1926","Du Pont, Nesta Pamela, 1903-1973","Duvall, Maria C. L. (Cumming Lamar), 1869-1957","Ellett, Katherine Gresham Tyler, 1909-2003","Francis, Olga M. (Olga Mary), 1904-2011","Gravely, Julian S. (\"Gin Gin\"), Mrs.","Gresham, Hattie Bell (\"de Blub\"), 1880-1964","Haile, Ella Grisham, 1845-1938","Jesse, Eoline C. (Eoline Carter) Ball, 1890-1989","La Motte, Arthur, 1871-1947","Eaton, George \"Pap\" Thomas, 1856-1937","La Motte, Ellen N. (Ellen Newbold), 1873-1961","La Motte, Ferdinand, Jr., 1879-1961","La Motte, Theodore R. (\"Cap\"), 1863-ca. 1931","Du Pont, Lammot, 1880-1952","Lee, Cazenove Gardner, 1882-1945","Lee, Dorothy Vandegrift, 1886-1972","Lee, Richard H. (Richard Henry), 1918-1940","Lee, Geraldine \"Gerry\" Shaw, b. 1889","Du Pont Lee, Marguerite, 1914-2004","Lee, Katherine, 1885-1968","Lee, Charlotte, 1921-2014","Du Pont Lee, Maurice, Jr., 1925-2020","Du Pont, Maurice (1866-1941)","Taylor, Archibald H., b. ca. 1851-d. 1928","Tyler, Frances Beale, 1911-2003","Wright, Thomas Ball Winston, 1909-1964","Adams, Floride Harding, 1887-1965","Harding, Rebecca W., 1882-1982","Ball, Isabella Louise, 1882-1971","Baker, N. Addison (Nehemiah Addison), 1882-1973","Baker, Jessie Gresham, 1918-1995","Ball, Maria Louisa, 1846-1932","Ball, Thomas , Jr., 1879-1960","Jesse, James D. (James DeJarnette), 1885-1962","Ball, A. L. C. (Addison Lombard Carter), 1876-1934","Bowley, Elsie Ball Wright, 1886-1972","Wright, Bayard W. (Bayard Winston), 1886-1940","Quigley, James P., Rev., 1862-1925","Troubetzkoy, Pierre, 1864-1936","Kirkus, Frederick M. (Frederick Maurice), Rev., 1862-1939","Brereton, Mary E. (Mary Elizabeth), 1887-1964","Bayard Angell, Louisa Lee, 1870-1944","Bowley, Albert Jesse, 1875-1945","Dashiell, J. L. (James \"Jimmy\" Lambert), 1870-1950","DeShields, Henry C. (Henry Carrington), 1870-1937","Dubell, Charles Bratten, Rev., 1871-1952","Dunn, B. W. (Beverly Wyly), Colonel, 1860-1936","Francis, Lucy Elphinstone Smith Maitland, b. ca. 1865","Glasgow, William A., Mrs.","Hackett, James Keteltas, 1869-1926","Hanby, Charles M., Dr., 1874-1944","Kyle, Margaret B. Hanby, 1904-1966","Seagle, Oscar","Harding, Frances (Fanny) Jane Ball, 1858-1924","Joyner, Sterling J., b. 1874","Lee, Baker P. (Baker Perkins), Rev., 1870-1942","Lee, Lulu Skinner, 1870-1946","Vaughn, Bertha Hayes, 1884-1932","Young, Emily Riddle Hill, 1862-1959","Pizek, Stanley R., b. ca. 1885","Goldsborough, Phillips Lee, 1865-1946","Reybold, F. K. (Frederick K.), 1874-1969","Allee, J. Frank (James Frank), 1857-1938","Buck, Clayton Douglass, 1890-1965","Griffenberg, E. B. (Elwood Bryan), Senator, 1875-1963","Bradford, E. G. (Edward Green), Jr., Representative, 1878-1927","Hilles, Florence Bayard, 1866-1954","Pennewill, Simeon S. (Simeon Selby), Governor, 1867-1935","Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Davis, E. M. (Edward Milford), b.1887","Layton, Daniel J. (Daniel John), 1879-1960","Short, I. D. (Isaac Dolphus), 1875-1953","Hurley, Patrick J. (Patrick Jay), 1883-1963","Coolidge, Calvin (John Calvin), 1872-1933","Walls, J. E.","Black, George, 1868-1942","Horwitz, George Q. (George Quintard), 1868-1916","Beardslee, L. R. (Lisle Rhodes), 1879-1963","Connable, Frank L. (Frank Lee), 1871-1947","Du Pont, Alexis I. (Alexis Irénée), 1869-1921","Dunham, R. H. (Russell Harry), 1870-1958","Du Pont, Irénée, 1876-1963","Reese, Charles L. (Charles Lee), 1862-1940","Darling, Philip G. (Philip Greenville), 1878-1948","Stirling, Thomas J., 1848-1926","Gentieu, Pierre A. (Pierre Auguste), 10215","Cazenove, Louis A. (Louis Albert), 1851-1925","Jones, Frank Cazenove, Jr., 1887-1949","Raskob, John J. (John Jakob), 1879-1950","Scott, William L. (William Levi), 1857-1934","Prickett, C. D. (Clifford Denslow), 1863-1949","Ramsay, William G. (William Gouverneur), 1866-1916","Cauffiel, Daniel, 1867-1930","Gregory, Thomas Watt, 1861-1933","Du Pont, William, 1855-1928","Crosby, H. T. (Howard T.), 1880-1928","Ross, Howard D. (Howard DeHaven), b. 1872","Miller, Robert W., 1890-1943","Hassan, A. A. (Addison A.), b. ca.1857- d.1935","Eckersley, J. H. (James H.), b. ca. 1857- d.1921","Browne, Hugh C.","Harrison, D. B. (Duncan B.), Major","Scott, Temple, b. 1864","Glasgow, William A. (William Anderson), Jr., 1865-1930","Jones, Frank Cazenove, Sr., 1857-1918","Loos, Henry B. (Henry Beatty), 1892-1918","Rogers, James H. (James Hague), 1848-1919","Thompson, J. Clayton (John Clayton), b. 1874","Bielaski, A. Bruce (Alexander Bruce), 1851-1926","Du Pont Perot, Eleanor Ball, 1875-1934","Cate, Isaac M., 1838-1923","Lewis, Howard Benton, 1867-1946","Penington, Robert, b. 1874","Miles, Joshua W. (Joshua Weldon), 1858-1929","Vale, Ruby Ross, 1874-1961","Harriman, J. W. (Joseph Wright), 1867-1949","Eyre, James K. (James Kline), 1882-1956","Cochran, Thomas, 1871-1936","Archibald, S. G. (Samuel G.), Judge, b. 1875","Harvey, Holstein, 1847-1920","Price, Francis A., 1857-1937","Price, Frederick Somers, b. 1886","Dennison, Ethan Allen, 1881-1954","Davis, Curtis E., 1866-1935","Ball, Edward G. (Edward Gresham), 1888-1981","Phillips, H. R. (Henry Rodney), 1858-1929","Duveen, C. J. (Charles Joel), 1871-1940","Frishmuth, Harriet Whitney, 1880-1980","Novack, David Robert","Stow, Marcellus Henry","Hibbard, Harriet H., 1868-1941","Thomson, Arthur","Campbell, Donald, 1879-1948","Curtis, Chas. (Charles) M., b. 1860","Oliver, Howard T. (Howard Taylor), 1887-1969","McLean, Colin, 1844-1916","Mathewson, S. Frank (Samuel Francis), 1865-1945","Leonard, James C., 1855-1930","Lyell, Robert O. (Robert Oliver), MD, Dr., 1878-1968","Burnam, Curtis F. (Curtis Field), MD, Dr., 1877-1947","Lawton, Thomas, 1878-1947","Bradfield, Edna T. (Edna Turner), 1881-1946","Dodge, Edwin R. (Edwin Rouse), 1860-1934","Lutkin, James, b. 1866","Rau, William Herman, 1855-1920","Bartlett, Jane, 1843-1928","Coffin, Rachel J., b. 1876","Hardy, S. D. (Samuel Drury), 1883-1966","Barthman, F. William (Frederick William), 1865-1935","Macdonald, Arthur Nelson, 1866-1940","Lee, John Thomas, 1875-1953","Evans, Lynwood Ingerville, 1889-1949","Griffith, Eugene Artemus, 1903-1980","Harris, Herrman H. (Herrman Hirsch), Dr., 1883-1936","Brereton, Ruth , 1891-1951","Jannicelli, F. Francis (Francesco Francis), b. 1896","Robinson, J. N. (John Norris), 1865-1960","Fischer, Carl, 1849-1923","Jayne, Horace H. F. (Horace Howard Furness), 1898-1975","Newell, Edward Theodore, 1886-1941","Gravino, Adam, 1889-1962","McCurdy, M. L.","McCurdy, William T.","Hutchison, Miller Reese, Sr., 1876-1944","Carroll, Edward R. (Edward Rotchford), 1887-1952","Carroll, Cosette M., b. 1910","Hoover, Herbert (Herbert Clark), 1874-1964","Shakespeare, Frank H. (Franklin Heverin), 1879-1950","Preston, Lelia Harrison Dew, 1893-1984","Montague, James J. (James Jackson), 1873-1941","Gravely, J. Bland (Judith Bland), 1918-1998","Doty, William Kavanaugh, 1886-1956","Hull, George H. (George Henry), Jr., b. 1867","Brandenberger, Clarence R. (Clarence Richard), 1892-1976","Bowman, Sidney B., b. ca. 1867","Glendinning, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1867-1936","Carey, James L. (James Lucius), b. 1881","Kummerlowe, O. W. (Oscar Waldemar), 1884-1946","Songdahl, Peder Pedersen, Captain, b. 1873","C., McKnight-Smith","Smith, Jesse, Jr., Captain","Bowes, Thomas D. (Thomas David), Jr., 1883-1965","Kaighn, Herbert E. (Herbert Eugene), 1875-1934","Moody, Edmund P., 1857-1931","Smith, Harry A., 1878-1960","Harton, J. Howard (John Howard), 1887-1935","Smyth, James M. (James McKane), 1860-1943","Mack, Edward R. (Edward Resolved), 1876-1944","Horncastle, Thomas, b. ca. 1871","Perry, Roland Hinton, 1870-1941","Tartoue, Pierre, 1888-1974","Salvatore, Victor, 1884-1965","Danton, V. E. (Van Eaton), Dr.","Linding, H. M. (Herman Magnuson), b. 1880","Arthur Edwin, Bye, Dr., 1885-1968","Maugans, J. C. (John Clifford), 1878-1969","Glynn, Elizabeth Frances, 1895-1954","Keller, Ferdinand Hyskull, b. ca. 1870","Schmauk, B. T. (Benjamin Tyson), b. 1853","Judd, Joseph A., 1889-1937","Edwards, Anne C. F.","Potamkin, Barney, b. 1878","Horty, William H., 1861-1931","Manda, W. A. (William A.), b. 1862","McClure, R. L.","Mackensen, William J.","Conwell, H. Ernest (Henry), 1887-1964","Bateman, St. Elmo, 1877-1959","Fullarton, Andrew D. (Anderew Darling), 1878-1939","Roemer, Louise Frances Schenkel, 1894-1985","De Garis, F.","Du Pont Swift, Charles, 1875-1917","Levett, Edith E., b. ca. 1881","Simmonds, Helena Linck, 1882-1954","Goldsborough, Brice W. (Brice Worthington), Dr., 1859-1929","Chinn, J. W. (Joseph W.), Jr., Judge, 1866-1936","Earll, Irene B., b. 1888","Seiss, Ralph W. (Ralph William), Dr., 1861-1926","Wharton, H. M. (Henry Marvin), Rev., 1848-1928","Combs, L.R. (Laurence Rosseau), Rev., 1858-1937","Kay, H. Tyler, b. 1889","Tucker, Beverly R. (Beverly Randolph), Dr., 1874-1945","Robbins, Howard C. (Howard Chandler), 1876-1952","Schulz, Otto","Rossell, John S., 1856-1934","Walls, Laura J. C. (Laura J. Calhoun), 1882-1967","Hill, Jacob V. (Jacob Vincent), 1893-1942","Wickes, James C., Col., b. 1868","Wilson, D. Mifflin (Daniel Mifflin), 1856-1948","Zimmerman, B. John (Bernard John), 1901-1955","Payne, A. A. (Alvin Annon), 1889-1937","Bright, James C., d. 1947","Ottenstein, M. Z. (Morris Zachary), 1898-1993","Linares-Rivas, Jose M.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0169","/repositories/5/resources/572"],"normalized_title_ssm":["duPont family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["duPont family papers"],"collection_ssim":["duPont family papers"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"creator_ssm":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970"],"creator_ssim":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970"],"creators_ssim":["Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["33 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["33 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alfred I. Du Pont Nemours papers consist of those            Du Pont manuscripts which were maintained at Nemours, the            family estate in Wilmington, Delaware. At some point they            were shipped to the offices of the Jessie Ball Du Pont            Religious, Charitable and Educational Fund in Jacksonville,            Florida. As designated by Jessie Ball duPont in her will,            the Nemours papers were donated to Washington and Lee            University, along with the duPont family papers located in            Jacksonville. Because of their distinct provenance it was            decided to process the papers from Nemours as a separate            series rather than integrating them into the Alfred I.            Du Pont Jacksonville papers or into the Jessie Ball Du Pont            Papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The Alfred I. Du Pont Nemours papers consist of those            Du Pont manuscripts which were maintained at Nemours, the            family estate in Wilmington, Delaware. At some point they            were shipped to the offices of the Jessie Ball Du Pont            Religious, Charitable and Educational Fund in Jacksonville,            Florida. As designated by Jessie Ball duPont in her will,            the Nemours papers were donated to Washington and Lee            University, along with the duPont family papers located in            Jacksonville. Because of their distinct provenance it was            decided to process the papers from Nemours as a separate            series rather than integrating them into the Alfred I.            Du Pont Jacksonville papers or into the Jessie Ball Du Pont            Papers."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], duPont Family Papers (WLU Coll. 0169), Special Collections and Archives, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], duPont Family Papers (WLU Coll. 0169), Special Collections and Archives, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe original finding aid was funded in part by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities in partnership with the History Associates Incorporated in 2001. Edits to this description for injest into ArchivesSpace were made by Graham McKemy and Mattie Clear in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The original finding aid was funded in part by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities in partnership with the History Associates Incorporated in 2001. Edits to this description for injest into ArchivesSpace were made by Graham McKemy and Mattie Clear in 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series is related to the duPont genealogy in France and the United States, family relics, and tributes to Alfred I. duPont. It also includes correspondence and notes and galley sheets by Marquis James in preparation for publication of his biography, \"Alfred I. duPont: The Family Rebel.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems selected by Jesse Ball duPont, 1874-1940.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains correspondence and legal documents relating to Alfred's relationship with his three wives and his children. His detailed correspondence with his adopted daughter Alicia through her childhood and early married years in Europe present an especially detailed picture of the lifestyle and spending habits of an extremely wealthy family. Alfred also carried on a lifelong correspondence with his daughter Madeleine who settled in Munich, Germany. Letters exchanged with his brother Maurice document the rise and fall of the powder business, other business activities, and numerous social events. Alfred's especially candid letters with his older sister Marguerite, whom it is said, was the only person he feared, reveal his most intimate thoughts and activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is made up of Alfred's extensive correspondence with cousins, nieces, and nephews, many of whom received his financial support. These included members of his third wife Jessie's family whom he adopted as his own. In his letters to his children he was especially warm and lighthearted, showing a side of his character which was not always evident in adult relations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of correspondence between Alfred and his closest friends throughout his lifetime. Principal correspondents include James Hackett, a noted, flamboyant actor; Jimmy L. Dashiell, musician, entrepreneur, and one-time business manager of the duPont Company; and Dr. Charles Hanby, friend, family physician, and collaborator in many charitable enterprises.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords contain correspondence regarding the operation of the Wilmington Morning News and other newspapers and their duPont influenced editorial policy. Other records related to E. M. Davis and T. W. Jakes, political informants on the duPont payroll, and Alfred's views on women's suffrage, World War I, welfare reform, and a host of other topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBusiness records document the early days of the duPont Powder Company at the turn of the century to its breakup in 1915. Included is correspondence between Alfred, his cousin,Frank Cazenove Jones, and his brother, Maurice duPont. The details of the duPont family lawsuit are covered, including the reports of lawyers and private detectives. Banking ventures, the Nemours Trading Co., a variety of business and real estate ventures, and Alfred's 1912 activities in Paris are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntimate details of the duPont family are documented. Subjects include: deafness, storage of furs, jewels, purchase of antiques, intimate articles, home furnishings, clubs, personal views, poetry, and musical compositions by Alfred.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series deals with Alfred's vast interest and knowledge of automobiles, pumps, machinery, and gadgets. It documents his lifelong preoccupation with the design and construction of yachts, particularly the Nenemoosha.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlfred's Delaware estate, Nemours, was another lifelong project. These records document earliest plans and stages of construction. Correspondence with contractors describes details of decorations, placement of monuments, water systems, supervision of staff, purchase of antiques, decorating, landscaping, supplies, and operation of the \"Blue Ball\" farm as part of the estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe wide variety of duPont charities is documented. The record begins with Alfred's earliest doling out of small payments to the needy in his community to the establishment of hospitals and the reform of the welfare system for the state of Delaware. Alfred's increased interest in charities during the Great Depression is documented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlorida records include correspondence with Edward Ball, Alfred's brother-in-law and business manager. Included are banking reports and records related to construction and upkeep of Epping Forest as well as Nemours.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Nemours Papers are part of the Du Pont Family Collection         and consist of 15 linear feet of records dating from 1831 to         1947. The bulk of the material dates from 1915 to 1935 and         reflects the business, financial, and family affairs of Alfred         I. duPont (1864-1935). In addition, the Papers include some of         the records of Alfred's second wife, Alicia Bradford Maddox         duPont (1875-1920), and his third wife, Jessie Ball duPont         (1884-1970).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocument types include personal and business         correspondence, as well as legal documents, which relate         primarily to patents and to several lawsuits in which Alfred         I. duPont was involved. Business and financial records relate         to family matters, such as Alfred I. duPont's guardianship of         Alicia Amory Maddox, as well as to professional interests such         as mining. The Papers include printed materials, such as         clippings, pamphlets, and magazine articles. They also contain         a large number of photographs documenting the family and         social lives of Alfred I. and Jessie Ball duPont.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Alfred I. duPont Nemours Papers have been arranged as         six series: Correspondence, Business and Financial Records,         Legal Records, General, Printed Materials, and         Photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series is related to the duPont genealogy in France and the United States, family relics, and tributes to Alfred I. duPont. It also includes correspondence and notes and galley sheets by Marquis James in preparation for publication of his biography, \"Alfred I. duPont: The Family Rebel.\"","Items selected by Jesse Ball duPont, 1874-1940.","This series contains correspondence and legal documents relating to Alfred's relationship with his three wives and his children. His detailed correspondence with his adopted daughter Alicia through her childhood and early married years in Europe present an especially detailed picture of the lifestyle and spending habits of an extremely wealthy family. Alfred also carried on a lifelong correspondence with his daughter Madeleine who settled in Munich, Germany. Letters exchanged with his brother Maurice document the rise and fall of the powder business, other business activities, and numerous social events. Alfred's especially candid letters with his older sister Marguerite, whom it is said, was the only person he feared, reveal his most intimate thoughts and activities.","This series is made up of Alfred's extensive correspondence with cousins, nieces, and nephews, many of whom received his financial support. These included members of his third wife Jessie's family whom he adopted as his own. In his letters to his children he was especially warm and lighthearted, showing a side of his character which was not always evident in adult relations.","This series consists of correspondence between Alfred and his closest friends throughout his lifetime. Principal correspondents include James Hackett, a noted, flamboyant actor; Jimmy L. Dashiell, musician, entrepreneur, and one-time business manager of the duPont Company; and Dr. Charles Hanby, friend, family physician, and collaborator in many charitable enterprises.","Records contain correspondence regarding the operation of the Wilmington Morning News and other newspapers and their duPont influenced editorial policy. Other records related to E. M. Davis and T. W. Jakes, political informants on the duPont payroll, and Alfred's views on women's suffrage, World War I, welfare reform, and a host of other topics.","Business records document the early days of the duPont Powder Company at the turn of the century to its breakup in 1915. Included is correspondence between Alfred, his cousin,Frank Cazenove Jones, and his brother, Maurice duPont. The details of the duPont family lawsuit are covered, including the reports of lawyers and private detectives. Banking ventures, the Nemours Trading Co., a variety of business and real estate ventures, and Alfred's 1912 activities in Paris are included.","Intimate details of the duPont family are documented. Subjects include: deafness, storage of furs, jewels, purchase of antiques, intimate articles, home furnishings, clubs, personal views, poetry, and musical compositions by Alfred.","This series deals with Alfred's vast interest and knowledge of automobiles, pumps, machinery, and gadgets. It documents his lifelong preoccupation with the design and construction of yachts, particularly the Nenemoosha.","Alfred's Delaware estate, Nemours, was another lifelong project. These records document earliest plans and stages of construction. Correspondence with contractors describes details of decorations, placement of monuments, water systems, supervision of staff, purchase of antiques, decorating, landscaping, supplies, and operation of the \"Blue Ball\" farm as part of the estate.","The wide variety of duPont charities is documented. The record begins with Alfred's earliest doling out of small payments to the needy in his community to the establishment of hospitals and the reform of the welfare system for the state of Delaware. Alfred's increased interest in charities during the Great Depression is documented.","Florida records include correspondence with Edward Ball, Alfred's brother-in-law and business manager. Included are banking reports and records related to construction and upkeep of Epping Forest as well as Nemours.","The Nemours Papers are part of the Du Pont Family Collection         and consist of 15 linear feet of records dating from 1831 to         1947. The bulk of the material dates from 1915 to 1935 and         reflects the business, financial, and family affairs of Alfred         I. duPont (1864-1935). In addition, the Papers include some of         the records of Alfred's second wife, Alicia Bradford Maddox         duPont (1875-1920), and his third wife, Jessie Ball duPont         (1884-1970).","Document types include personal and business         correspondence, as well as legal documents, which relate         primarily to patents and to several lawsuits in which Alfred         I. duPont was involved. Business and financial records relate         to family matters, such as Alfred I. duPont's guardianship of         Alicia Amory Maddox, as well as to professional interests such         as mining. The Papers include printed materials, such as         clippings, pamphlets, and magazine articles. They also contain         a large number of photographs documenting the family and         social lives of Alfred I. and Jessie Ball duPont.","The Alfred I. duPont Nemours Papers have been arranged as         six series: Correspondence, Business and Financial Records,         Legal Records, General, Printed Materials, and         Photographs."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlueprint moved to Oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Wilmington Morning News Building design drawings (in pencil) have been transferred to Oversize collection storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlueprint moved to Oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlueprint moved to Oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlueprint moved to Oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlueprint moved to Oversize storage.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","The Wilmington Morning News Building design drawings (in pencil) have been transferred to Oversize collection storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage.","Blueprint moved to Oversize storage."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Nemours (Greenville, Del. : Dwelling)","St. Stephen's Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)","Du Pont De Nemours Cemetery Company","E.I. du Pont de Nemours Powder Company","Delaware Trust Company","Alfred I. Du Pont School District","Bobbs-Merrill Company","Davis \u0026 Brother, Inc.","Richards \u0026 Affeld","Brentano's (Firm)","Tiffany Studios (New York, N.Y.). Ecclesiastical Department","Carrère \u0026 Hastings","St. Stephen's Episcopal Church (Norwood, Pennsylvania)","Battle Creek Sanitarium (Battle Creek, Mich.)","Massena and Du Pont","Phillips Academy","Bordentown Military Institute","Harriman Naitonal Bank","Du Pont Maternity Hospital","Wilmington Morning News","Every Evening Wilmington","Wilmington (Del.). Department of Police","Delaware Ledger","Okonite Company","Service Citizens of Delaware","Atlas Powder Company","East Texas Oil, Gas, and Mineral Company","Rocky Mountain National Bank","American International Oil Corporation","Cambridge Yacht Club","Edmund Kelly Real Estate","The Club-Fellow \u0026 Washington Mirror","Glaze \u0026 Fine law firm","New York World","United States. Department of the Treasury","Equitable Guarantee and Trust Co.","Tonkin Du Pont Graphite Co.","Harriman National Bank","Corn Exchange National Bank","Franklin Trust Company (Philadelphia, PA)","Public Service Company of Colorado","Denver Gas and Electric Light Co.","The First National Bank of the City of New York","French American Constructive Corporation","Nemours Trading Corporation","E.I. du Pont de Nemours \u0026 Company","Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company","Brandywine Realty","Delaware Barber Company","Delaware State Chamber of Commerce","Everett Railway, Light and Water Company","Hotel du Pont","Harding Peeling Machine Company","Liberty Brand Canning Company","Delaware Packing Company","Gorham Manufacturing Company","McLean Contracting Company","Crosby and Hill Company","General Acoustic Company","George Tiemann and Company","Miller and Cleghorn","E. A. Myers and Sons","Sonotone Corporation","Auratone Incorporated","William F. Murphy's Sons","Mercantile Printing Company","The Dreka Company","Cann Brothers and Kinding Incorporated","Hughes and Muller Tailoring","Mann and Dilks","Buckeye Shirt Company","Gene-Vall Cigar Company, Incorporated","Jung Arch Brace Company","Rand McNally and Company","H. W. Fisher and Company","J.E. Caldwell \u0026 Co","Waltham Watch Company","Wall and Ochs ","Bonschur and Holmes","Franklin Simon \u0026 Co","Boué Soeurs","Grande Maison de Blanc","Faultless Manufacturing Company","George L. Starks and Company","National Association of Retail Clothiers and Furnishers","New Process Company","John Morrell \u0026 Co","Pathéscope (Firm)","Bell \u0026 Howell Co","Montana State Prison","Unexcelled Manufacturing Company","Ritz-Carlton Hotels (Firm)","Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers (U.S.)","United States. Post Office Department","National Horse Show Association of America","United States Lines Company","Social Register Association (U.S.)","Du Pont Bridge Club","G. Schirmer, Inc","Kny-Scheerer Company","Robinson Electric Manufacturing Company","Westchester Country Club (Rye, N.Y.)","Bankers Club of America","Beaver Lake Club","Congressional Country Club","Winchester Repeating Arms Company","Remington Arms Company","National Rifle Association of America","Jonas Bros. Taxidermy","Brunswick-Balke-Collender Company","A.G. Spalding \u0026 Bros","Abercrombie \u0026 Fitch","Graybar Electric Company inc","Pinkerton's National Detective Agency","League of Nations","United States Naval Academy","Delaware Automobile Association","International Harvester Company","Foss-Hughes Company","Rushmore Dynamo Works","Ford Motor Company","New York Edison Company","E. Rosenfeld and Company","Miniature Breaker Company","Packard Motor Car Company","Rolls-Royce of America","New York (State). Bureau of Motor Vehicles","Fortune Magazine","Toppan Boat Manufacturing Company","Shelton Electric Company","General Electric Company","Consilidated Gas and Gasoline Engine Company","Automatic Electrical Devices Company","New York Yacht Club","Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping (Firm)","Schenck and Schenck Insurance Agents and Brokers","United States. Hydrographic Office","Cox and Stevens","New London Ship and Engine Company","Wilmington Sunday Star","Western Pump Company","American Car and Foundry Company","Kelvinator","William J. Highfield General Insurance","Fire Association of Philadelphia","Marine Basin Company","Scott \u0026 Fowles (Firm)","Marine Construction Company","Yorktown Yacht Club","Consolidated Shipbuilding Corporation","Cooper-Bessemer Corporation","Henry J. Gielow, Incorporated","Mathis Yacht Building Company","Earl H. Croft, Incorporated","Broward County Port Authority","Keil Motor Company","Huckins Yacht Corporation","The Universal Horticultural Establishment, Incorporated","Winslow Bros. Company","Booth, Garrett and Blair","Otis Elevator Company","J.L. Mott Iron Works","Wilmington (Del.). Water Department","The Spur","James Boyd and Brothers","Ajax Fire Engine Works","Saks \u0026 Company (New York, N.Y.)","Remington Machine Company","Polar Water Still Company","Vacuum Engineering Company","Spencer Turbine Cleaner Company","Diamond Ice and Coal Company","Huyler's (Firm)","Robinson and Payne","Pitt and Scott","Armstrong Seatag Corporation","J. L. Kraft and Brothers Company","G. Washington Coffee Refining Company","James Rowland and Company","C. V. Floyd Fruit Company","Henry R. Hallowell and Son","Belle Meade Farm","Hearn Brothers","Mouquin, incorporated","Walter Hawkins Fruit","Maerose Fruit Corporation of Texas","Chappel Brothers Incorporated","Magasins du Louvre","E. Gimpel and Wildenstein","Steinway \u0026 Sons","W. \u0026 J. Sloane","E.F. Hodgson Co","Tiffany and Company","Theodore B. Starr","George F. Barnes, Incorporated","Gilman Collamore and Company","William T. Stuart, Incorporated","Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.)","Museum of Fine Arts, Boston","Seth Thomas Clock Company","Litchfield and Company","Aero Service Corporation","Rau Studios, Incorporated","Lewis \u0026 Conger","Samuel Kirk and Son","Davis Collamore and Company","Edmondson Warrin","Universal Appraisal Company","C. J. Benson and Company, Incorporated","S. P. Sulo Furniture Company","Bryant and Heffernan, Incorporated","Port Clinton Fish Company","Henry F. Michell Co","William H. Moon Company","Pierson U-Bar Company","Hitchings \u0026 Co","Wadley and Smythe","Skinner Irrigation Company","Ideal Power Lawn Mower Company","Coldwell Lawn Mower Company","Philadelphia Lawn Mower Company","Campbell Irrigation Company","John Polachek Bronze and Iron Works Company","Glen Brothers, Incorporated","Munson Whitaker Company","United States. Bureau of Forestry","Du Pont Gun Club","B. Ridgway and Son","Architectural Decorating Company","Johnson Service Company","Frigidaire Corporation","Tirrill Gas Machine Lighting Company","Manning Manufacturing Company","Oliver Oil Gas Burner and Machine Company","George W. McCaulley and Son Company","American Ironing Machine Co","Geyser Electric Washing Machine Company","Savage firearms","Church Art Work Company","Aladdin Company","Permutit Company","Smyth Construction Company","E. T. Burrowes","Wolfe and Adams","The Master Company","Bliss Exterminator Company","Verm-O-Spray","United Cork Flooring Company","Loomis-Manning Filter Distributing Company","Russell and Erwin Manufacturing Company","Blue Ball Farm (Wilmington, DE)","Andover Ambulance Corps.","Ward, Gray, and Neary","Young Men's Christian Association (Wilmington, De.)","Cambridge Maternity Hospital","National Organization for Public Health Nursing (U.S.)","St. John's Rectory (Milford, DE)","University of Delaware","Staunton Military Academy","Wharton Grove Camp Ground","College of William \u0026 Mary","Kent General Hospital (Dover, DE)","Cathedral School of St. John the Divine","American Association for Old Age Security","Delaware Old Age Welfare Commission","Delaware Old Age Pension Fund","Delaware. Department of Public Instruction","Alfred I. Du Pont School (Talleyville, DE)","Delaware. State Board of Education","Industrial Trust Company","Delaware State Aid Society","Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation","Florida National Bank","First National Bank (Panama City, FL)","Du Pont Family","La Motte","Ball family","Du Pont, Alfred I. (Alfred Irénée), 1864-1935","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Jakes, T. W. (Thomas Webber) (Thomas Webber Jakes ), 1867-1945","Gentieu, Frederick, 1872-1951","Gentieu, Celeste, 1879-1971","Bakewell-Green, Estelle, 1870-1956","Spooner, W. W. (Walter Whipple), 1861-1922","Du Pont, T. Coleman (Thomas Coleman), 1863-1930","Du Pont, Ernest, 1880-1944","Maxwell, George T. (Gee Tee), 1895-1965","Du Pont, Samuel Francis, 1803-1865","Heitmuller, Anton H. F. (Anton Henry F.), 1859-1943","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","de Morant, V. G. (Victor Georges), 1878-1961","Archibald, S. G., fl. 1912-1920","Du Pont, Pauline Foster, 1849-1902","Conrad, Henry C. (Henry Clay), 1852-1930","Johnson, B. F. (Benjamin Franklin), 1856-1921","Ingersoll, Ralph (Ralph McAllister), 1900-1985","Du Pont, Pierre S. (Pierre Samuel), 1870-1954","Du Pont, E. Paul (Eleuthère Paul), 1887-1950","Stetser, Albert, 1886-1968","Du Pont, Eleuthère Irénée, 1771-1834","Du Pont, Mary Van Dyke, 1826-1909","Parker, E. W. (Eben Walter)","Lee, Maurice du Pont, 1885-1974","Ruoff, Madeleine Mary Du Pont, 1887-1965","Macomber, Susan G.","MacGregor, Mary Alicia Maddox Du Pont, 1903-1975","Goldsborough, Edith","Du Pont, Mary Alicia Heyward Bradford, 1875-1920","Du Pont, Alfred V. (Alfred Victor), 1900-1970","Hilles, Charles Dewey, 1867-1949","Huidekoper, Bessie Cazenove Du Pont, 1889-1973","Huidekoper, Reginald Shippen, 1876-1943","Du Pont, Victorine Elise, 1903-1965","Du Pont, Margaret (Margery) May Fitz Gerald, 1866-1951","Gray, R. A. (Robert Andrew), 1882-1975","Martinez, Joseph D.","Du Pont, Marcella Miller (1903-09-09-1985-09)","Mathewson, S. Frank","Connor, Ellen","James, Marquis, 1891-1955","Massey, Anne","Maxwell, T. J.","Chabannes, Jean-Pierre, Comte de Chabannes, 1862-1928","Du Pont, B. G. (Bessie Gardner), 1864-1949","Du Pont, Elizabeth Gardner, 1864-1949","Copeland, Charles, 1867-1944","Mann, Harrington, 1864-1937","Dent, Victorine Elise Du Pont, 1903-1965","Davidson, C. Frank","Du Pont, Samuel, 1910","Du Pont, Eluthera Paulina, 1912","Shears, W. C., Rev., d. ca. 1928","Shears, Ethel","Hastings, Thomas, 1860-1929","Dent, Elbert, 1895-1965","von Frantzius, Ida","Tripp, Marie A.","Glendening, Harold Sanford, 1896-1990","Glendening, Alan Sanford, 1923-1979","Zapffe, Adelaide Camille Du Pont, 1915-2000","Hiebler, Max, 1887-1957","Hiebler, Benno Lorenz, 1914-1980","Ruoff, Hermann","Hiebler, Alfred Friedrich, 1915-1991","Hiebler, Bayard Wilson \"Max\", 1911-1945","Hitler, Adolf, 1889-1945","Lee, Marguerite Du Pont, 1862-1936","Du Pont, Charlotte Louise, 1893-1972","Massena, Gabriel Francois, 1902-1945","Crane, Clara Isabel (Claris), 1880-1968","Crane, Sarah (Sadie) D., 1891-1970","Du Pont, Francis I. (Francis Irénée), 1873-1942","Du Pont, H. A. 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Bruce (Alexander Bruce), 1851-1926","Du Pont Perot, Eleanor Ball, 1875-1934","Cate, Isaac M., 1838-1923","Lewis, Howard Benton, 1867-1946","Penington, Robert, b. 1874","Miles, Joshua W. (Joshua Weldon), 1858-1929","Vale, Ruby Ross, 1874-1961","Harriman, J. W. (Joseph Wright), 1867-1949","Eyre, James K. (James Kline), 1882-1956","Cochran, Thomas, 1871-1936","Archibald, S. G. (Samuel G.), Judge, b. 1875","Harvey, Holstein, 1847-1920","Price, Francis A., 1857-1937","Price, Frederick Somers, b. 1886","Dennison, Ethan Allen, 1881-1954","Davis, Curtis E., 1866-1935","Ball, Edward G. (Edward Gresham), 1888-1981","Phillips, H. R. (Henry Rodney), 1858-1929","Duveen, C. J. (Charles Joel), 1871-1940","Frishmuth, Harriet Whitney, 1880-1980","Novack, David Robert","Stow, Marcellus Henry","Hibbard, Harriet H., 1868-1941","Thomson, Arthur","Campbell, Donald, 1879-1948","Curtis, Chas. (Charles) M., b. 1860","Oliver, Howard T. (Howard Taylor), 1887-1969","McLean, Colin, 1844-1916","Mathewson, S. Frank (Samuel Francis), 1865-1945","Leonard, James C., 1855-1930","Lyell, Robert O. (Robert Oliver), MD, Dr., 1878-1968","Burnam, Curtis F. (Curtis Field), MD, Dr., 1877-1947","Lawton, Thomas, 1878-1947","Bradfield, Edna T. (Edna Turner), 1881-1946","Dodge, Edwin R. (Edwin Rouse), 1860-1934","Lutkin, James, b. 1866","Rau, William Herman, 1855-1920","Bartlett, Jane, 1843-1928","Coffin, Rachel J., b. 1876","Hardy, S. D. (Samuel Drury), 1883-1966","Barthman, F. William (Frederick William), 1865-1935","Macdonald, Arthur Nelson, 1866-1940","Lee, John Thomas, 1875-1953","Evans, Lynwood Ingerville, 1889-1949","Griffith, Eugene Artemus, 1903-1980","Harris, Herrman H. (Herrman Hirsch), Dr., 1883-1936","Brereton, Ruth , 1891-1951","Jannicelli, F. Francis (Francesco Francis), b. 1896","Robinson, J. N. (John Norris), 1865-1960","Fischer, Carl, 1849-1923","Jayne, Horace H. F. (Horace Howard Furness), 1898-1975","Newell, Edward Theodore, 1886-1941","Gravino, Adam, 1889-1962","McCurdy, M. L.","McCurdy, William T.","Hutchison, Miller Reese, Sr., 1876-1944","Carroll, Edward R. (Edward Rotchford), 1887-1952","Carroll, Cosette M., b. 1910","Hoover, Herbert (Herbert Clark), 1874-1964","Shakespeare, Frank H. (Franklin Heverin), 1879-1950","Preston, Lelia Harrison Dew, 1893-1984","Montague, James J. (James Jackson), 1873-1941","Gravely, J. Bland (Judith Bland), 1918-1998","Doty, William Kavanaugh, 1886-1956","Hull, George H. (George Henry), Jr., b. 1867","Brandenberger, Clarence R. (Clarence Richard), 1892-1976","Bowman, Sidney B., b. ca. 1867","Glendinning, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1867-1936","Carey, James L. (James Lucius), b. 1881","Kummerlowe, O. W. (Oscar Waldemar), 1884-1946","Songdahl, Peder Pedersen, Captain, b. 1873","C., McKnight-Smith","Smith, Jesse, Jr., Captain","Bowes, Thomas D. (Thomas David), Jr., 1883-1965","Kaighn, Herbert E. (Herbert Eugene), 1875-1934","Moody, Edmund P., 1857-1931","Smith, Harry A., 1878-1960","Harton, J. Howard (John Howard), 1887-1935","Smyth, James M. (James McKane), 1860-1943","Mack, Edward R. (Edward Resolved), 1876-1944","Horncastle, Thomas, b. ca. 1871","Perry, Roland Hinton, 1870-1941","Tartoue, Pierre, 1888-1974","Salvatore, Victor, 1884-1965","Danton, V. E. (Van Eaton), Dr.","Linding, H. M. (Herman Magnuson), b. 1880","Arthur Edwin, Bye, Dr., 1885-1968","Maugans, J. C. (John Clifford), 1878-1969","Glynn, Elizabeth Frances, 1895-1954","Keller, Ferdinand Hyskull, b. ca. 1870","Schmauk, B. T. (Benjamin Tyson), b. 1853","Judd, Joseph A., 1889-1937","Edwards, Anne C. F.","Potamkin, Barney, b. 1878","Horty, William H., 1861-1931","Manda, W. A. (William A.), b. 1862","McClure, R. L.","Mackensen, William J.","Conwell, H. Ernest (Henry), 1887-1964","Bateman, St. Elmo, 1877-1959","Fullarton, Andrew D. (Anderew Darling), 1878-1939","Roemer, Louise Frances Schenkel, 1894-1985","De Garis, F.","Du Pont Swift, Charles, 1875-1917","Levett, Edith E., b. ca. 1881","Simmonds, Helena Linck, 1882-1954","Goldsborough, Brice W. (Brice Worthington), Dr., 1859-1929","Chinn, J. W. (Joseph W.), Jr., Judge, 1866-1936","Earll, Irene B., b. 1888","Seiss, Ralph W. (Ralph William), Dr., 1861-1926","Wharton, H. M. (Henry Marvin), Rev., 1848-1928","Combs, L.R. (Laurence Rosseau), Rev., 1858-1937","Kay, H. Tyler, b. 1889","Tucker, Beverly R. (Beverly Randolph), Dr., 1874-1945","Robbins, Howard C. (Howard Chandler), 1876-1952","Schulz, Otto","Rossell, John S., 1856-1934","Walls, Laura J. C. (Laura J. Calhoun), 1882-1967","Hill, Jacob V. (Jacob Vincent), 1893-1942","Wickes, James C., Col., b. 1868","Wilson, D. Mifflin (Daniel Mifflin), 1856-1948","Zimmerman, B. John (Bernard John), 1901-1955","Payne, A. A. (Alvin Annon), 1889-1937","Bright, James C., d. 1947","Ottenstein, M. Z. (Morris Zachary), 1898-1993","Linares-Rivas, Jose M."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1443,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T21:30:16.538Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_572_c01_c03"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9039_c01_c05","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Family and Family Matters Correspondence","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9039_c01_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9039_c01_c05","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9039_c01_c05"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9039_c01_c05","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9039","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9039","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9039_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9039_c01","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9039","viw_repositories_2_resources_9039_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9039","viw_repositories_2_resources_9039_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers","Series 1: Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers","Series 1: Correspondence"],"text":["Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers","Series 1: Correspondence","Family and Family Matters Correspondence","Box 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"Family and Family Matters Correspondence","title_ssm":["Family and Family Matters Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Family and Family Matters Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1890-1989"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1890/1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Family and Family Matters Correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":11,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":24,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"containers_ssim":["Box 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#4","timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:24:45.199Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9039","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9039","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9039","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9039","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9039.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Sayre, Samuel Huntting, Jr. (Rev.) Papers","title_ssm":["Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1874-1989","1920-1960"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1920-1960"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1874-1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. Acc. 2007.43","/repositories/2/resources/9039"],"text":["Mss. Acc. 2007.43","/repositories/2/resources/9039","Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers","Episcopal Church--Clergy","Episcopal Church--Virginia--Clergy--20th century","Genealogy","Correspondence","Diaries","Pamphlets","Photographs","Postcards","Programs","Sermons","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Some of the material was already arranged by Rev. Sayre and his order was maintained.  The rest of the collection was grouped into Correspondence, Family, Photographs, Travel, Personal, Ministry, Sermons and Diaries.  When possible, material was organized chronologically.","Samuel H. Sayre, Jr. was born in Hampton, Virginia, the son of Annie Woolsey Morris and Samuel H. Sayre, Sr. He is descended from Lewis Morris, a Signer of the Declaration of Independence. He served in the Hospital Corp Service of the Navy until August 28, 1919 when he began his studies to be an Episcopal priest. On September 18, 1919, he entered St. Stephen's College, Annandale-on-Hudson and graduated in spring 1922. Between September 26, 1922 and spring 1925, he studied at the General Theological Seminary in New York City as a candidate for the ministry and as a postulant of Bishop Burleson, spending the summers in the Mission field of South Dakota."," He served as a priest in South Dakota, Chicago, Pennsylvania, California and Virginia. He married Marjorie Mae Renison on January 13, 1934 in St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. His parish of St. Barnabas in Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California was begun by his wife's Grandfather, Canon Renison, as a Mission Church and Rev. Sayre took over the Parish from his Father-in-Law, Rev. George Edward Renison."," Dates and Parishes:"," August 2, 1925 to April 1927"," St. James Mission in Mobridge, South Dakota (Rev. Sayre's first parish),"," April, 1927 to January 31, 1928"," St. Paul's Church in Kenwood, Chicago,"," April 1, 1928 to September 30, 1938"," St. Mary's Episcopal Church, Williamsport, Pennsylvania and The Church of Our Savior in Montoursville, Pennsylvania,"," October 1, 1938 to October 1, 1939"," St. John's Episcopal Church, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania,"," October 15, 1939 to January 15, 1961"," St. Barnabas' Church, Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California,"," February 1, 1961"," Kingston Parish, Mathews, Virginia and"," by April 3, 1966"," St. Mary's Episcopal Church, Colonial Beach, Virginia."," He is a 32nd degree Mason, member of the Royal Arcanum and Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fraternities. Other honors include Dean of Convocation of Pasadena, 1955-1959 and"," Chaplain to Bishop Bloy of Los Angeles, 1951-1961."," Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  .","Accessioned and processed by Anne T. Johnson in 2007.","Personal, family and ministerial correspondence of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre.  His personal diaries from 1918 to 1963, his sermons and notes are included in this collection.  There are family and other personal photographs and many postcard and tourist packet photographs from his trips to Europe and his automobile trips from California to Virginia.  Publication material includes church bulletins, news clippings, tourist pamphlets, magazines and others.  His family correspondence possibly has more personal information than his diaries.  His diaries are often a day by day recap of what he did, sometimes about how he felt about people, places or things and rarely about any personal struggles.  The family files contain genealogical information of the Sayre, Renison, Carmalt and Morris Families.  His ministry work is detailed in his letters, diaries and other materials.","Rev. Sayre grouped some of his correspondence and these groups were kept as he organized them. Loose correspondence found in the collection was gathered and grouped according to subject: ministry, family or personal.","Correspondence between family members of Rev. Samuel Sayre.","Letters to, from and about Mrs. Samuel H. Sayre (Marjorie). Letter from Marjorie to her Mother. September 1940. Thank you letter from the Woman's Auxiliary of the Church of Our Saviour to Mrs. Sayre for her talk. October 9, 1952. Letter from Bishop Francis Eric Bloy of Los Angeles to Mrs. Samuel H. Sayre telling her she is a recipient of the Bishop's annual award for outstanding laymen of the diocese. October 1, 1956. Invitation from Chaplains Service Corps to a tea honoring Mrs. Samuel H. Sayre, President of the Chaplains Service Corps. February 24, 1959.","Letters to and from Family Members of Samuel H. Sayre.","These are letters Samuel H. Sayre or his wife, Marjorie Sayre, wrote to his sisters, Ruth and Margaret, from Sierra Vista, Arizona. They go into great detail about his day to day activities. He writes about his family, particularly Ted and Margaret Morris who live in Sierra Vista, Grassfield, and the church. These letters were organized by Samuel H. Sayre.","These letters were found loose during accessioning and grouped A-Z by last name.","These letters were tied together with a red ribbon. They are early family correspondence between Samuel H. Sayre and his family and between members of his family.","In an envelope postmarked 1906 are postcards and letters from Samuel H. Sayre, Jr. to his family while he is visiting relatives in Germantown , Pennsylvania and at Camp Choconut in Friendsville, Pennsylvania during the summer of 1906.","Letters and post cards from Samuel H. Sayre, Jr. to his family while visiting Aunt Caroline Morris and Aunt Minnie (Mary Cox Morris)in Washington, D.C. Tells about his sightseeing trips, visits to friends and other activities in and around Washington D.C. December 1910 and January 1911","Envelope with note: œAnswers from Alice May Berry when I asked her if she loved me¦Spring or summer of 1932 at ten years of age.","These are letters to Rev. Samuel H. Sayre from his wife, Marjorie Sayre. This group of correspondence is filed in chronological order.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. On September 1, 1933, Marjorie writes that her family and others œfell quite in love with you and asks how he liked his first trip to California. On December 23, 1933, Marjorie writes of wedding plans for Saturday, the 13th.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. April 15, 1934 Marjorie talks about how difficult it is to leave her Mother and come East.","Marjorie wrote these letters on her trip to Eagle Rock, California to see her ill Mother. Samuel is in Mathews, Virginia.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California visiting her ill Mother in the hospital. Her Mother is buried on Friday, January 24. Samuel is in Mathews, Virginia.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California until mid-March. Samuel is in Mathews, Virginia.","To Annie (Mrs. S. H. Sayre, Jr.) c/o Thos (Thomas) Moore in Fairfax Courthouse, Virginia, from Papa in Hampton, Virginia May 6, 1891. To Annie (Mrs. S. H. Sayre, Jr.) c/o Thos (Thomas) Moore in Fairfax Courthouse, Virginia, from (Papa). May 7, 1891. To Nancy, From unknown in Wilmington, North Carolina. November 13, 1898.","Empty envelope from S.H. Sayre, Jr. of Hampton, Virginia to Miss Caroline P. Morris in Scarsdale, New York. Postmarked January 3, 1909.","Some of these letters are between other members of the family. Letters from Samuel H. Sayre's Mother and Father, his Aunt Caroline P. Morris, Aunt Minnie, Aunt Mary Cox Sayre, Morris Sayre, Uncle Charles R. Sayre, Frances R. Vance of Department of Charities in Los Angeles, California. Letter to Samuel H. Sayre from his brother, Morris Sayre, where Morris gives advice to Sam about what his next step in life should be, particularly pursuing the ministry. May 7, 1914.","Some of these letters are between other family members or letters that Samuel H. Sayre wrote to family members. Correspondents include Samuel H. Sayre's Mother, his brother, Morris Sayre and Aunts Minnie and Caroline. Most letters do not have envelopes, but in 1923 Samuel H. Sayre was living in Hampton and at the General Theological Seminary in New York City. In July 10, 1922 letter to Aunts (Aunt Minnie) while he is in Dupree, South Dakota, Samuel H. Sayre talks in depth of his experience with the Indians. A group of letters from late 1924 and early 1925 with his brother, Morris Sayre, are labeled œarguments and correspondence with Morris 1924-25 and concern their philosophy on what is needed to be a good minister. Letter from Morris Sayre to Samuel H. Sayre where he congratulates Sam on his upcoming ordination. March 13, 1926 November 24, 1926 wedding invitation of Aileen Harriet Elizabeth Renison to Armistead Claiborne Leigh, Jr. at St. Barnabas Episcopal Church in Eagle Rock, California.","Letters from Samuel H. Sayre's Mother , Morris Sayre, Marjorie Sayre, Read Sayre Letter from Read Sayre enclosing a typed poem The Passing of the Backhouse by James Whitcomb Riley. October 23, 1933 Letter from Samuel H. Sayre's Mother about Marjorie's visit. April 17, 1934. A letter from someone in Hampton, either a child or a mentally handicapped person, to his mother. April 30, 1939. (Possibly Rev. Sayre's younger brother, Daniel, who was institutionalized). McClellan Wilson, Jr., M.D. wrote to Rev. Sayre about the death of Rev. Sayre's brother, Daniel Sayre. September 12, 1939.","Many letters are from Samuel Sayre's Mother who is partially, then almost totally blind. Some of the 1946 and 1947 letters between Samuel Sayre and his brother, Morris Sayre, concern their disagreement on their Mother's care by their sister, Margaret, and their basic philosophical differences about church and Christianity.","Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he describes the death, on January 17, 1951, and the funeral of Rev. George E. Renison, Marjorie's father. January 30, 1951. Letter from Eleanor Searle to Sis and Ruth and to Sam and Marjorie about the death of Aunt Mary. July 1952. Letters from Read Sayre and about Read Sayre's death on July 9, 1952. Letter to Marjorie Sayre from Margaret Sayre Ransone, about Morris Sayre's funeral with attached note from Nancy Sayre, Morris Sayre's wife. March 20, 1953. From Bill to Mrs. Taylor Ransome (Marg) about the guardianship money of Aunt Caroline P. Morris. December 23, 1953. Church Bulletin from Saint Luke's Church, Montcair, New Jersey where it mentions the Memorial Windows Given By Sayre Family in memory of the late Senior Warden, Morris Sayre. September 19, 1954 and September 21, 1952. Letter from Bob Sayre about death of his mother, Mary Thomas Sayre, an aunt of Samuel H. Sayre. January 4, 1957. Letter from Mrs. Morris Sayre (Nancy) to Samuel H. Sayre where she talks of her deceased husband, Morris Sayre. (about 1958). Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he notes on the top margin œexperiences in (concerning) England and across U.S. on our return. September 23, 1958.","Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he notes on the top margin, œconcerning my call to Kingston Parish, Mathews, VA. November 18, 1960 Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he notes on the top margin, œlast days in Eagle Rock, Calif(ornia) and trip east to Mathews-œ. June 9, 1961 Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he comments that he went to œOld Church outside of Richmond whose rector is the grandson of Carter Braxton Bryan who baptized Samuel Sayre in 1894 and that he was elected President of the Thomas Nelson Chapter of the SAR on June 9, 1966. August 11, 1964. Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he describes his past ministry and his new parish, St. Mary's Episcopal Church in Colonial Beach, Virginia. April 3, 1966. Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he noted on top margin of letter œThe beginning of the building of our new home. November 13, 1968.","Letters to Samuel H. Sayre from William M. Sayre (Bill), Ruth Sayre, Chabela (a niece), and Bob and letter from Samuel H. Sayre to his family.","One Letter to Samuel H. Sayre from William M. Sayre (Bill), his nephew. August 25, 1980.","Easter card from Ruth Sayre. Letter from Samuel H. Sayre's Mother. Post card from Morris Sayre in Turkey.","Each folder in this group was either organized by Samuel H. Sayre, or it was artificially organized during the accession process. Some of the correspondence was found loose in different locations and the processor felt that gathering all the correspondence together would benefit researchers.","These are letters from and to fellow priests and parishioners about his call to Kingston Parish in Mathews, Virginia. They are in chronological order. Most of this material was organized by Samuel H. Sayre, but a few pieces of correspondence congratulating him were found loose and added. Correspondents include The Rt. Rev. Robert F. Gibson of Virginia, Suffragan Bishop Samuel B. Chilton of Virginia, Bishop Coadjutor Robert F. Gibson, John Warren Cooke, Senior Warden of Kingston Parish, Bishop Francis Eric Bloy of Los Angeles, John L. E. Collier, Arthur C. Coons of Occidental College, Glenard P. Lipscomb, Bob Sayre, Rev. Richard I. S. Parker, Franklyn D. Josselyn, Margaret Sayre Ransone and the Vestry of St. Barnabas' Church. In a letter to The Rt. Rev. Robert F. Gibson, D.D., Rev. Sayre tells Rev. Gibson of his decision to œend up my ministry in Virginia. This letter also includes information about Rev. Sayre's career and Marjorie Sayre's family history. ( June 14, 1960).","These letters are with fellow priests, parishioners, and others associated with the ministry work of Samuel H. Sayre. They were organized by Rev. Samuel H. Sayre and are in chronological order. Correspondents include Valerie Scudder, Edward Aupperle, Dr. Edwin D. Woodhouse, Louis L. Turner, Lillie Anthony Sutton, Marjorie M. Schmidt, Mrs.George C. Silzer, Los Angeles Council No. 1489 - Royal Arcanum, Boys' Home in Covington, Virginia, Bishop Stevens about Consecration of St. Barnabas' Church, Rev. Sumner Walters, Margaret H. Cook, Rev. R. G. Bannen, Rev. Theodore S. Will, Christ Church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Norman Stockett, Adele Brueninghausen, Bishop Frank DeMoulin, Bishop Beverley D. Tucker of Norfolk, Virginia, Margaret C. Thomas, W. Blair Roberts, C. E. Tolkien, Rev. Arthur C. Thomson, Rev. William P. Remington, G. Frank Shelby, Ethel Plass, Presiding Bishop of Michigan, Mrs. Skipper, The Brotherhood of St. Andrew in the United States, Mrs. James Stoughton, George H. Streaker, Mrs. William Vincent and Rev. George H. Thomas.","Received in a green file box with correspondence in alphabetical order. Most correspondents' names are noted, but some are either too difficult to read or do not appear on the letter. The content and date of some letters have been noted. Even though there are a few family letters, most of the correspondence concerns Rev. Samuel H. Sayre's ministry, his church related activities, his professional activities or other personal concerns not related to his family.","Correspondents include Gertrude Jean Baker, George B. Baldwin, Barbara Barth, Harry Beal, L. Nelson Bell, Dan M. Budy, Cary R. Blain, Rt. Rev. F. Eric Bloy, Mrs. John Brearton (Virginia), Harry A. Brenner, Frank R. Brandenburg, Rt. Rev. Hunter Wyatt Brown, Bishop of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, G. Braxton Bryan, Rev. John S. Bunting, Hugh L. Burleson, Bishop of South Dakota (Includes on heading: Rev. Wm. A.R. Goodwin, D.D. Rector, St. Paul's Church, Rochester, New York), John Burt, Uncle James Carmalt, brother of William H. Carmalt, MD, Samuel H. Sayre's Great- Uncles March 16, 1916, William H. Carmalt to Annie Sayre (Mother of Samuel H. Sayre. Dated August 7, 1928) and Dwight D. Eisenhower, President of the United States (Carbon Copy. Dated March 26, 1953).","Correspondents include Howard L. Hamilton (made Samuel Sayre the Honorary Chaplain of the Virginia Society in 1979), Venerable Paul E. Langpaap, J.C. Morris (Transcript of letter written from Grassfield in March 1876 with two attachments: a December 21, 1874 financial document where citizens of Friendsville give sums for the erection of a Protestant Episcopal Church and an œOrder of Exercises for the Laying of the Corner Stone of The Church of the Holy Spirit in Friendsville, Pennsylvania on June 7, 1876), The Rt. Rev. Austin Pardue, D.D. Retired, Arthur C. Patterson, Jr., A.H. Patterson, Pi Alpha Fraternity and H. Boone Porter of The Living Church.","George H. Randall concerning Brotherhood of St. Andrew in the United States, William P. Remington, Mrs. Ringsdorf, Reliable Furniture Company, W. Blair Roberts, Albert Rose, Royal Arcanum and Paul Rusch.","Received in a green file box with correspondence in alphabetical order. When Group 1 was accessioned, the seller had removed, and filed separately, letters that were written by well known people, such as Harry F. Byrd, a Virginia Senator and President Franklin D. Roosevelt. These letters were returned to the file in A-Z order, but they are noted in the list of correspondents. Most correspondents' names are noted, but some are either too difficult to read or do not appear on the letter. The content and date of some letters have been noted. Also, some letters have a note by Rev. Samuel H. Sayre along the top margin where he gives an explanation about the letter or letter writer. These notes appear to have been added at a later date rather than at the time of receipt. Possibly, Rev. Sayre went through his professional correspondence and kept items that reflect the variety of his ministry. Even though there are a few family letters, most of the correspondence concerns Rev. Samuel H. Sayre's ministry, his church related activities, his professional activities or other personal concerns not related to his family.","Correspondents include John H. Allen and John M. Allin.","Correspondents include Rev. John Baden, Rev. Carroll C. Barbour, Bard College, Eugene F. Barnes, Wallace T. Bennett, Estelle Billups, Francis E. Bloy, Wyatt Brown, John Burt, Harry F. Byrd, U.S. Senator from Virginia and James F. Byrnes, Governor of South Carolina.","Correspondents include Hester Campbell, Uncle James Carmalt (brother of W. H. Carmalt, M.D., Samuel H. Sayre's Great Uncle) This letter includes some family history in an attached letter to Samuel H. Sayre's Mother from W.H. Carmalt, Edwin R. Carter, Samuel B. Chilton, Church Periodical Club, C. M. Clement, George H. Clendenin, J. Morris Coerr, J. H. H. Coleman, Maurice M. Copebaack (difficult to read), Charles Cove, II, Rev. Charles S. Cook, Jr., John Warren Cooke, Ruth Cotter (Mrs. Richard Comfort Cotter), Earl S. Cox, H. H. Cowan and Betty Healy Cutler.","Correspondents include Pierre Daltour, Thomas C. Darst, Bishop George Davenport, George M. Day, Whittney Diggs, Thomas N. Downing, Charles B. Dubell and Frank Du Moulin.","Correspondents include Mrs. William S. Edgar (Cousin Debbie Edgar), Eagle Rock Ministerial Association, Kenny and Frances Ferguson, David Lincoln Ferris, Rev. Frank Foote and Gordon M. Fothergill.","Correspondents include Roy S. Gaskill, General Theological Seminary in New York, Bob Gibson, Barry Goldwater, U.S. Senator from Arizona, Rev. Robert Burton Gooden (Bishop), Bishop Gore, Rt. Rev. John J. Gravatt and George P. Gunn.","Correspondents include Thomas J. Haldeman, Rev. J. D. Hall (a January 22 letter where he recommends The College of William and Mary), Francis J. Hall, Robert B. Hall, E. H. Halton, David S. Hamilton, Rick Hammond, Blake B. Hammond, Earl W. Haney, Bert H. Harper, M.D., Justice Albertis S. Harrison, Jr., Isaac Hartshorne, M.D., The Very Rev. J. Thomas Heistand, Gladys Hill, Hillspeak , Joan Hunley, Charles A. Junken, Edith Junken and Elizabeth Junken (note says, œmy earliest sweetheart).","Correspondents include Richard Kennedy, George Edwin Kidd, James Jackson Kilpatrick, Mrs. (Ellen) Stanley King, Mabel P. Knapp, Paul H. Kratzip, Russell Lamson, Mary Florence Lawson, Charles E. Levering, Little, Glenard P. Lipscomb, The Living Church and Los Angeles Dean of Pasadena Convention.","Correspondents include Raymond C. Mackay, Bill Major, Rev. Thomas R. Marshall, H.C. Martin, Mathew County (Virginia) Historical Society, George N. Maybe, Rickard H. McKee, Lucy Mehl, Polly Meredith, Rev. Newton Middleton, Rev. John Miles, Phil Moore, R. Walton Moore, H. A. Mosher and Gladys M. Murray.","Includes a group of 1901 letters concerning Miss Mary C. Morris and a letter from Grandmother Morris. Correspondents include Grandmother Morris, Clara L. Morris - Cousin of Samuel H. Sayre who lives in Australia in 1957, Aunt Minnie Morris (Mary Cox Morris), Aunt Caroline Morris and Dwight B. Morris from Tombstone, Arizona.","Correspondents include David C. Narver, National Association of Manufacturers, Rev. Frederick W. Neve, New Age, Occidental College, Mrs. Robert W. Orrell and Edgar C. Outten who encloses an obituary of Miss Mary Sims, Postmaster at Hampton Virginia 1952.","Rev. E. Moray Peoples, Jr., Pi Alpha Fraternity, Ronald Reagan, Governor of California (dated 1974 and during 1980 Presidential Campaign), Robert A. Robertson, Harold Barrett Robinson, Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States (dated September 23, 1935) and Royal Arcanum.","Correspondents include Saint John's Church, Hampton, Virginia (signed by Francis W. Hayes, Jr.), Society of the Cincinnati, New York State, C. J. Sanford, William L. Scott, Senator of Virginia, Valerie Scudder, C. Vernon Spratley, Margaret Matoaka Sims and Stratford Hall.","Dorothea Taft, Mrs. Charles E. Tolkien, Governor and Mrs. George C. Wallace, Governor of Alabama, Mrs. R. E. White, George Wickersham and Bishop S. Walters (note in letter from Mrs. Mordecai L. Marsh, Jr. dated April 16, 1947).","Commerce, Assistant Secretary of State about recommendation for Dr. Wilson Leon Godshall; Lewis Tepel; Don Kaufman; Rev. Charles Friend, the Pastor during Samuel H. Sayre's Father's illness and death; Frances R. Vance (Mother Vance), the mother of Edward Vance, who writes about Samuel H. Sayre's help to her son while her son was dying in the military hospital. They correspond for many years; Van (St. Clair Vannix) from Vermillion, South Dakota who wrote his nine page letter as a poem; Rev. E. B. Woodruff; Harvey from Maine, Samuel H. Sayre's roommate at Saint Stephen's College; Don, a friend from school; Winifred Vogan, Aunt of Stuart Gast; The Secretary of the President of the United States who says The President cannot meet with Samuel H. Sayre on the date mentioned; Wm. T. Christian, secretary of the Junior Brotherhood of St. Andrews; W. Floyd Reams who encloses a Supreme Council Badge from Richmond, Virginia; Lechner Family; and œIn Memoriam poems for Bishop Burleson by Mrs. Dora Claire Vannix.","Most of this group of papers was found loose during processing except where noted. This series includes genealogy information for the Sayre, Morris, Carmalt and Renison families, plus obituaries, news articles, legal records and biographies of members of these families.","A day by day book, published in December 1914 for the Members of the Bible Class of the St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. Rev. Samuel H. Sayre noted family birthdays, wedding anniversaries and important events of his family.","Letter from George T. Renison of Great Britain to Revd Canon Renison concerning Renison family. August 30, 1928","Scope and Contents Letter from George T. Renison of Great Britain to Revd Ganon Renison concerning Renison family. August 30, 1928. This group includes letters, charts and notes on the genealogy of the Morris Family, the Sayre Family and the Carmalt Family. Carbon copy of a typed letter written from Butternuts by Jacob, son of Lewis Morris, Signer of the Declaration of Independence. January 1, 1838 Post card with a picture of the signers of the Declaration of Independence (1927) Genealogy of the Annie Morris Sayre branch of the Morris Family from Lewis Morris, the Signer of the Declaration of Independence (1937) Letter to Mrs. Annie Morris Sayre from œDescendants of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence conferring œComplimentary Membership, dated June 17, 1937. Envelope, postmarked November 2, 1959, with notes to Bill Sayre probably by Samuel H. Sayre. Attached is a family history of the œSayre Family beginning with John Sayre born June 4, 1938 in New York City. There is also a photo of Morris Sayre from a publication dated 1948. Letter to William M. Sayre and others from John of Drinker, Biddle and Reath of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania regarding the attached A History of Choconut Lake Cemetery Association which began in 1827 by Caleb Carmalt. October 24, 1967. Carmalt Family notes on envelope dated April 15, 1968. Letter to Bill Sayre from Margaret Sayre about the Morris Family, particularly Annie Woolsey Morris Sayre. Christmas 1970. List of photographs of Morris ancestors from Margaret Sayre Ransone to Samuel H. Sayre. undated.","Scope and Contents Mrs. George Edward Renison, Mother of Marjorie Renison Sayre, died January 22, 1964. Dr. Lewis Rutherfurd Morris undated. Mary Cox Morris (Aunt of Samuel Sayre and sister to his mother) undated. Annie Woolsey Morris Sayre (Mother of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre, Jr.) 1948. Includes her obituary from various newspapers which tell of her involvement in DAR. James W. Carmalt (Great Uncle of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre, Jr.) 1937.","Newspaper article on Margaret Ransone, sister of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre, when she became 1976 Peninsula Woman of the Year by the Junior Women's Club 1976. Program from the University of Chicago Alumni Association giving an Award Citation to Margaret Sayre Ransone, A.M. 1929 May 20, 1978. Bulletin from St. John's Church in Hampton, Virginia with note by Margaret S. Ransone. March 11, 1979.","Final Report of Charles Read Sayre, Executor of Estate of Mrs. Annie M. Sayre, Deceased. (November 30, 1948).","This group of letters, photographs, and obituaries were grouped by Rev. Samuel H. Sayre and were accessioned in a used manila envelope with the handwritten note: Life History of Annie Morris Sayre. This folder contains the following: Editorial about Mrs. Samuel H. Sayre from the July 31, 1948 Daily Press, Newport News, VA. Obituaries of Mrs. Annie Woolsey Morris Sayre (1948) Notice of funeral service for Mrs. Annie Woolsey Morris Sayre. (1948) Society news about where the Sayre families are going after being in Hampton (Virginia) because of the death of their Mother, Mrs. S. H. Sayre. (1948) Copy of a photograph of Caleb Carmalt with a separate note: œCaleb Carmalt in his own handwriting. A print copy of the only likeness he ever sat for or allowed to be taken. About the early 1840's. Letter from Morris Sayre to Sam Sayre, dated December 16, 1943, enclosing: Letter to Morris Sayre from Margaret S. Ransone about their Mother, Anna Woolsey Morris Sayre, gleaned from conversations, memories and their Mother's diary, dated November 18, 1943 and photographs of portraits of Governor Lewis Morris, 1st Lord of the Manor, Chief Justice of New York, First Governor of New Jersey; Lewis Morris, 2d Lord of the Manor, Judge of the High Court of Admiralty, General Lewis Morris; 3d Lord of the Manor, Signer of the Declaration of Independence and Mary Walton, Wife of General Lewis Morris, œThe Signer.","Grand Council Royal Arcanum of Virginia announcement of the death of Samuel Huntting Sayre, Sr., the thank you letter of Samuel Hunting Sayre, Sr. for the kindness of the members during his illness and copy of the Royal Arcanum Bulletin about Samuel Huntting Sayre, Sr.'s death.","Copy and transcript of the 1669 will of Thomas Sayre.","Stock information, real estate, life insurance and copy of the death record of Eleanor Sayre Searle.","Material on estate of Mary E. Sayre, including her assets and will. Eleanor Sayre Searle was one of the administrators of Mary E. Sayre's will. Includes life insurance policy for Eleanor Sayre.","Deeds, Death Record, Wills of Eleanor S. Searle and William B. Searle, Tax Information, Life Insurance, stock information, December 23, 1966 Wall Street with last market quotations before Eleanor Searle died on December 24, 1966, empty envelopes - some with notes, bank statements, power of attorney from Eleanor Sayre Searle to William Baum Searle, dated August 22, 1966 and other legal documents. Her lawyer was Richard C. Cotter of Mathews, Virginia.","Deed, Lawyers Title Insurance and correspondence.","This series includes photographs of Rev. Sayre's family, his churches, his parishioners and friends.","Rev. Charles Dubell.","Includes Funeral Program and letter for C. Lee Narver, 1955.","This series contains Rev. Sayre's bills, receipts, brochures, guidebooks, schedules, church bulletins, newspapers, cruise information and other material from his trips to Europe and across the United States.","Includes maps, railroad schedules, bus schedules, airline schedules, hotel pamphlets, brochures and guidebooks.","Includes maps, railroad schedules, bus schedules, airline schedules, hotel pamphlets, brochures and guidebooks.","Includes maps, railroad schedules, bus schedules, airline schedules, hotel pamphlets, brochures and guidebooks.","Includes maps, railroad schedules, bus schedules, airline schedules, hotel pamphlets, brochures and guidebooks.","Brochures about The White House, Abraham Lincoln and The Rolfe Property, plus a hotel sign, œIf you smoke in bed please tell us Where to send your ashes!","St. Paul's Church in Toronto, St. Paul's Cathedral in London and Westminster Abbey in London, Church of the Annunciation in London, The Cathedral Church of Christ, Canterbury, 1958.","Includes Cunard Line route, menus and a list of passengers on trip from Montreal to Europe, June 27th, 1958.","Newspaper issues and newspaper clippings published in London including the Daily Telegraph and Morning Post, Church Times, London Times, the London Observer and The Sunday Express.","Includes a packet of etchings of places in England.","The Countryman Winter 1967/68 Historic Houses and Castles in Great Britain and Northern Ireland 1958","April 1948 National Geographic article œFounders of Virginia. April 1949 National Geographic with article œThe British Way.","Scope and Contents What to Look for in an Old Church by J. Hope Urwin 1957 Twice Upon a Time by Brother Edward undated Anglican Life, Vol. 19, No. 3 April 1958","Stationery from different hotels.","These items were found loose in the collection, but focus mainly on his personal life. The folders include his address book, financial records, memorabilia and other personal items.","Insurance Receipts for Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York. Empty envelopes from West Bank and Trust Co.","Scope and Contents Paper signs that were put on Samuel Sayre's door when he was sick. undated Cutout of a rabbit. Placemat of State Flowers. Receipt and shipping label for a group of sculptures from Switzerland. July 1956.","Two $10 Shares dated 1921.","Includes April 27, 1961 Gazette-Journal of Gloucester and Mathews Garden Week Issue.","These items accessioned in a manila envelope with œTombstone Arizona Material written across the top and include newspapers, newspaper clippings and a menu. Menu from Wagon Wheel Restaurant, Tombstone, Arizona These articles have not been copied for preservation. Shades of 1881, Britain's Own Wyatt Earp Planning Visit To Haunts of Namesake, The Tombstone Epitaph, August 23, 1973 Souvenir Edition, The Tombstone Epitaph, 1974 Bisbee Review, April 10, 1975. Column by Don Pelon is circled. Helldorado Fever Strikes Old Camp, The Tombstone Epitaph, October 17, 1975. Handwritten note by (Rev. Samuel H. Sayres) œI conducted a communion service here on October¦ Copper Runs Out but Mining Town Refuses to Die, byline from Bisbee, Arizona, Los Angeles Times, March 8, 1976. Helldorado celebration draw crowd of thousands, byline from Tombstone, from Herald-Dispatch, Sierra Vista, Arizona, October 20, 1975. 1978 Special Helldorado Edition, The Tombstone Epitaph, October 13, 1978.","This series includes material related to Rev. Sayre's ministry, such as church bulletins, employment information, professional organizations, information on his parishes and parishioners, news clippings and printed or published material that relate to his position as a rector.","Clippings of the column by Horace L. Varian and Horace L. Varian, Jr. of Ammidon and Company from The Living Church publication.","St. John's Church, Richmond, Virginia March 19, 1978 St. John's Church, Elizabeth City Parish, Hampton, Virginia March 19, 1978","Includes correspondence and material concerning employment and ministerial related matters and organizations such as contracts, retirement, resignations, salaries and licenses. Correspondence concerning his ministerial work, whether personal or business, has been filed under Correspondence - Ministry Related. Lay Reader's License Authorization to conduct services in Norfolk Navy Yard to United States Navy seamen. December 13, 1917. Lay Readers License from the Diocese of New York for Samuel H. Sayre. November 7, 1919. To Rev. Lewis Nichols, Diocese of Harrisburg (Pennsylvania) from Rev. Samuel Sayre, St. Mary's Church Rectory in Williamsport, Pennsylvania . September 6, 1930. Rev. Samuel Sayre submitting resignation as Secretary of the Diocese of Harrisburg. Resignation as Secretary of the Diocese of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. October, 1930. Employment correspondence with St. John's Church of Bellefonte, Pennsylvania. July1938. Letters to the Vestry of the Church of Our Saviour, Montoursville, Pennsylvania and the Vestry of St. Mary's Church in Williamsport, Pennsylvania from (Samuel H. Sayre) where he severs official relations with them. July 21, 1938. Vestry of Kingston Parish resolution that the Reverend Samuel Huntting Sayre will reach the canonical age of mandatory retirement in the Protestant Episcopal Church. December 18, 1965.","Adaptation of a page from the 1455 Gutenberg Bible.","Picture of 1964 Confirmation Class 1971 Treasurer's Report Photo of girls in capes and banners from Kingston Parish. September 1983","List of Payments for all the churches in the Los Angeles Diocese.","An Open Letter to Boys and Girls in view of Children's Sunday, 1903 by Fred. Stuart Kirkness, Convention Daily in Detroit Michigan, September 25, 1961, The American Legion Magazine. Article on surrender ceremonies of Japan on the USS Missouri. August 1975, The Episcopal Review. The main article is about the induction of Rt. Rev. Robert Claflin Rusack as the fourth Bishop of Los Angeles. February 1974.","Scope and Contents Farewell Sermon and Ordination as Deacon at St. John's in Newport News, Virginia. 1925. Appointment as Dean of the Pasadena Convocation of the Diocese of Los Angeles. 1954. Resignation from St. Barnabus' Church in Eagle Rock and new appointment to Kingston Parish, Mathews, VA. 1961. California Clergyman Takes Mathew Paris. 1961. Rev. Samuel H. Sayre is Chaplain of the Sons of the American Revolution and received a Silver Good Citizenship Medal from SAR. 1978. Mother's Day Sermon. undated. Sayre Guest at St Luke's in Richmond, Virginia for month of August. No year.","Obituary of William E. Zimmer.","This group includes invitations, church bulletins, news clippings, church publications and telegrams. Elizabeth City Parish News and Bible Class Bulletin with notice that Bishop Mathews gave Samuel Sayre a Lay Readers license. December 15, 1915. The Weekly Letter of St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia April 19th to April 26th, 1925. Under Notes an announcement that Samuel Huntting Sayre will be ordained as Deacon. Invitation by the Bishop of South Dakota and the Rector and Vestry of Saint John's Church, Hampton, Virginia to the Ordering as Deacon of Samuel Huntting Sayre. First Sunday After Easter, 1925. Order of Service Bulletin of St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia, First Sunday After Easter, 1925. Ordering of Samuel Huntting Sayre as Deacon. Congratulatory telegrams from Katherine Maycock and C.C. Morris. April 25, 1925. Press Clippings about March 18, 1925 Ordination. St. John's Bible Class Bulletin which mentions Samuel Huntting Sayre Ordained as Deacon on April 19, 1925 at St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. Photo of Rev. Sayre on front of Bulletin. May 10, 1925. The Weekly Letter, St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. Under Notes, an announcement that Rev. Samuel Sayre will preach his farewell sermon to St. John's Church, Hampton. July 12th to July 19th, 1925. The Weekly Letter, St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. March 14th to March 21st, 1926. Under Notes, an announcement that Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre will be ordained to the Priesthood in St. John's Church on Thursday, March 18th. Formal invitation to the ordination of The Rev. Samuel Hunting Sayre, Priest on March 18, 1926. Order of Service Bulletin of St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia , March 18, 1926. Ordering of Samuel Huntting Sayre as Priest. The Weekly Letter of St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia, March 21st to March 28th, 1926. Under Notes, an announcement that Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre will hold his first celebration of the Holy Communion at the early Service this morning.","Poems from Rev. Newton Middleton of Church of the Good Shepherd in Norfolk, from The Living Church and from Rev. John Gaynor Banks of the Fellowship of St. Luke in San Diego, California. Poems of Life and Love by Emily Pinter Asher given to Marjorie Sayre by Emily Asher.","Scope and Contents Christian Nurture Series sheet with a list and descriptions of work books for Junior and Junior High School Pupils. undated. Brochure of the Historic Saint Peter's Protestant Episcopal Church in New Kent County, Virginia. undated. The Holy Catholic Church on The Doctrines of the Apostles' Creed by Theodore O. Wedel. undated. Ours is the Responsibility, an address given at the National Convention of the Girls' Friendly Society at Berea, Kentucky. June 27, 1942. Fiftieth Anniversary of the Laying of the Foundation Stone of St. Margaret's Protestant Episcopal Church in New York. 1944. If I Marry a Roman Catholic by National Council of the Churches of Christ. 1945. Chapter DA of P.E.O. in Eagle Rock, California. 1951-52. Lest We Forget by Robert B. Watts. October 1968.","Part of a St. John's Church Bulletin that has a picture of and an article by Samuel H. Sayre concerning his summers in the West. January, 15, 1922. The Living Church article by Samuel H. Sayre entitled œThe Church and Government Hospitals. April 25, 1925. St. Andrew's Cross article by Samuel Huntting Sayre, œWanted: A Man about needing people for missions in the West. (1926). The New Age article œThe Word ˜Catholic' in June 1952 issue. The Living Church editorial published August 19, 1973. The Living Church, January 29, 1978 Per note on cover, the important items in this issue are œa letter to Aunt Josephine and my letter to the Editor. The Living Church editorial, œThe Old Days in South Dakota published April 9, 1978. The Living Church editorial, œLoves TLC published February 25, 1979.","1939 Easter Communicant List Photographs, Easter 1941. 1944 label offering reduction of Parish debt 1952 invitation. Addresses of Parishioners from St. Barnabus Church.","Letter from Rev. William Westover about the history of St. James Mission in Mobridge, South Dakota.","July 1, 1930 letter about St. Mary's Church 50th Anniversary.","Scope and Contents Notation on front of manila envelope says œThis should be kept in case that Pi Alpha Fraternity and Tau Delta Alpha should ever be reinstated as a national church organization. Pi Alpha ritual book str in box in pump house. Guide entitled Ritual of the Tau Delta Alpha Sorority undated. Authorization for St. Barnabas Church, Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California to be part of the Los Angeles Alpha Chapter. undated.","1952 Annual Report of the Woman's Auxiliary to the National Council of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America, Diocese of Los Angeles. 1952 Officers' Handbook of Diocese of Arkansas","This series has been divided into sermons given by Rev. Sayre and sermons given by other ministers.","Scope and Contents Rev. Sayre's sermons arrived loose, and have been grouped by date, if dated, by number, if numbered, and by size of paper if undated. The sermons by others might include some sermons by Rev. Sayre.","Notes by Rev. Samuel H. Sayre.","These sermons have been numbered by Rev. Sayre.","Scope and Contents Folder one of two that contain undated sermons.","Scope and Contents Folder two of two that contain undated sermons.","These papers appear to be notes, outlines and full copies of sermons given by other ministers. Some of them could possibly be sermons given by Samuel H. Sayre. Some of the papers have a topic written along the top margin and note hymns sung. It is difficult to tell if the original order was by these topics, by date order, or another order, but they have been placed in date order. Because of the fragile condition of the paper on which these notes are handwritten, some of them have been photocopied. The originals are filed with the photocopies. Some of the names on the papers who are noted as deliverers of a sermon include Rev. Belliss, Rev. Bonacker, Rev. Holmes, Rev. Walker, Rev. White and others. Rev. F.C. Benson Belliss, Rev. Ralph Bonacker and Rev. Pierce Butler were the clergy for St. Paul's Church in Chicago, Illinois in the Summer of 1938.","Scope and Contents Sermon entitled œAn Instructed Eucharist, undated but œreceived 10/31/1975. Sermon by Rev. Conrad H. Goodwin at St. John's in Hampton, Virginia on August 18, but no year noted.","The 1918 to 1963 diaries tell mainly of Rev. Sayre's day to day activities and usually include letters he has written and received, where he gone, when he naps, and people he meets if they include family and close friends. He often notes where he eats his meals, what time he rises, and what he is reading. After his marriage in 1938, his entries become a little fuller. When he is visiting his family, he goes into a little more detail, but still sticks to the facts. His train and automobile trips across country are usually interesting. Very rarely does he share his feelings, though he might comment if a letter was wonderful, a meal great, a death hard on a family or how great it is to be back at college or at his old home or with Marjorie after a separation. There are addresses, notes, accounts, Christmas lists and book lists in the back of many of the early diaries. In most of the diaries, he will note in the top margin if he changes locations, particularly for an overnight stay or a trip and when he moves. Years 1953 to October 1, 1959 are missing.","He is in the U.S. Naval Reserve Force, stationed near Hampton, and is discharged on August 28, 1919. Throughout the year, he has dental problems plus has his appendix removed in June.","He begins college at St. Stephens on August 18, 1919. He tells about his classes and grades and his membership in Tu Sigma Alpha Epsilon. St. Stephens College is now Bard College.","He is at St. Stephens during the school year and goes to Camp Houghteling and Mobridge, South Dakota during the summer.","He is at St. Stephens during the school year and completes his studies. He goes to Mobridge and Fort Yates, South Dakota during the summer.","September 26, 1922, Rev. Sayre enters the General Theological Seminary in New York City as a candidate for the ministry under Bishop Burleson and spends his summer in Sioux Falls, South Dakota doing missionary work.","He is at General Theological Seminary in New York City during the school year and at Church of Incarnation, Dallas, South Dakota during the summer. He preaches his first sermon on June 24, 1923.","He is at General Theological Seminary in New York City during the school year and spends the summer in Hampton and visiting relatives.","He is at General Theological Seminary in New York City during the school year. On April 19, 1925 he is ordained a Deacon at St. John's Church in Hampton, Virginia by Bishop Burleson, the bishop of South Dakota. August 2, 1925 is his first Sunday in his First Parish in Mobridge, South Dakota. He meets Marjorie Renison, his future wife, sometime in the fall.","On March 6, 1926 he mentions his feelings for œMiss Renison. He is ordained by Rt. Rev. Arthur Conover Thompson at St. John's Church in Hampton, Virginia on March 18, 1926. At St. John's Church, he celebrates his first Holy Eucharist as a Priest on March 21, 1926. He writes on April 5 that he œsealed his engagement with Miss Marjorie Renison.","In April he left South Dakota to go assist Dr. George Thomas of St. Paul's Church in Kenwood, Chicago, Illinois. On April 7, 1927 he notes on top margin, œImportant - my ideas¦","January 31 was Rev. Sayre's last day at St. Paul's Church. March 5 Rev. Sayre received official call from St. Mary's Church, Williamsport, Pennsylvania and The Church of Our Saviour in Montoursville, Pennsylvania. April 1 Rev. Sayre began at St. Mary's Church and The Church of Our Saviour. Continues to write Marjorie Renison, but doesn't visit.","Notes his daily schedule which includes visits to hospital, where he ate dinner, and who he writes, but doesn't mention parishioners names unless he does something socially with them. Continues to write Marjorie Renison, but doesn't visit.","Notes his daily schedule which includes visits to hospital, where he ate dinner, and who he writes, but doesn't mention parishioners names unless he does something socially with them. Continues to write Marjorie Renison, but doesn't visit.","Notes his daily schedule which includes visits to hospital, where he ate dinner, and who he writes, but doesn't mention parishioners names unless he does something socially with them. Continues to write Marjorie Renison, but doesn't visit. Rev. Sayre's 38th Birthday is on December 18.","Notes his daily schedule which includes visits to hospital, where he ate dinner, and who he writes, but doesn't mention parishioners names unless he does something socially with them. Continues to write Marjorie Renison, but doesn't visit.","A May 27, 1933 program œHistorical Pageant œEvents in the History of the Episcopal Church in The United States of America¦ given at Christ Church, Media Pennsylvania is in front of diary. On August 18, Rev. Sayre arrives in Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California where Marjorie Renison and her family live. Rev. Sayre and Marjorie Renison go to Laguna Beach together and stay almost a week. Rev. Sayre writes œIt's wonderful to be here alone with Miss Renison and on August 19th, Rev. Sayre writes œ¦I kissed and hugged Marjorie in the gallery. On August 30, Rev. Sayre visits Edward Vance's grave, the young man who died while Rev. Sayre cared for him when he was in the Naval Reserve Force.","This folder also has newspaper clippings of the September 1933 engagement and the January 13, 1934 wedding in St. John's Episcopal Church in Hampton, Virginia of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre and Marjorie Renison. On June 19th, Marjorie goes on a visit to California and returns September 26. Rev. Sayre goes to conference in Virginia in early July, then to Hampton until mid August. On October 11, Rev. Sayre changed his Life Insurance policies over to Marjorie and borrows money to furnish living room.","Slips of sheet music are in the back of the diary.","Post cards and addresses are in front of the diary. On March 18th the town of Williamsport flooded, including downtown, churches and homes. He goes into detail about the damage on March 20th. On August 3, at the end of a trip to Colorado, Marjorie heads to Los Angeles and Rev. Sayre drives to Pennsylvania. Marjorie returns November 24th.","Rev. Sayre includes January 1 through 9, 1938 at end of diary. A letter from Charles Lavery, enclosing a carbon copy of his letter to Rt. Rev. Irving Peake Johnson, is with the diary plus a few news clippings, a list of publications, possibly ones that Rev. Sayre receives and a letter that accompanied a salary check.","Beginning in 1938, Rev. Sayre uses a journal instead of a one year diary. In front of the diary are news clippings, notes, articles, letters and flyers. One flyer is for Altar Wines from James Moroney of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and one clipping announces his resignation from St. Mary's Episcopal Church on October 1 to become rector of St. John's Church, Bellefonte and gives a brief biography of his ministry up to that point. He begins the new larger diary œ¦giving a fuller and more detailed account of my daily activities¦of my personal impressions of people, places and things and events, too¦ Rev. Sayre then summarizes his other diaries, beginning with 1917. He divides the earlier diaries into œBabyhood, œBoyhood, œYouth and œYoung Manhood periods. He gives more detail of events that he recorded in these early diaries, such as a conflict with Dr. George Thomas of St. Paul's Church in Kenwood, Chicago and the effects of the Depression on St. Mary's Church in Pennsylvania. On Page 10, he gives a wonderful description of Marjorie Renison Sayre, his wife. The 1938 diary begins his œManhood period. His early entries are more in depth and personal, even giving detail of things that happened in the past, or people, such as his Mother, but he quickly reverts to just telling of his daily activities with few personal touches. Rev. Sayre mentions listening to the new presiding Bishop, Rt. Rev. Henry St. George Tucker of Virginia, on the radio on New Year's Day, 1938. He writes œRev. Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin of Williamsburg, Virginia on January 10, 1938 and spends the day with him on April 27, 1938. Gives resignation to St. Mary's Church and The Church of Our Saviour and meets with Vestry of both churches on July 21, 1938. On September 29, 1938, Marjorie and Samuel Sayre move to Bellefonte, Pennsylvania where he is the new Priest of St. John's Episcopal Church. June 8, 1939 Rev. Sayre receives official call to become rector of St. Barnabas Church, Eagle Rock, California where he would succeed his father-in-law, Rev. George E. Renison. On June 13th, he talks to his Mother about it. He hands in his resignation at the St. John's Vestry meeting on July 31, 1939. His last service was on Sunday, October 1 and he began October 15th at St. Barnabas. Grandmother Renison is to live with them in the Parish House per October 23rd entry. On August 18, 1939, Rev. Sayre and his family, while he is visiting Newport News, learn that his brother, Dan, who has been in the State Institution in Pennhurst near Spring City, Pennsylvania due to a brain injury at birth, is ill. He dies on August 19, 1939. Talks about his parents on January 20, 1937.","This volume has postcards of hotels and other notes scattered throughout it. Begins on January 1, 1940 where he writes of eventually wanting to retire in Virginia. He gives detail of his cross country trip to Virginia in the summer of 1940. He mentions first blackout in Los Angeles, California on December 10, 1941, a few days after Pearl Harbor on December 7.","The folder includes a sermon, letters, clippings, list of people's names with death and baptismal dates, church bulletins, and programs from the Occidental College Art Series. They have been placed in a separate folder in front of the diary and the date where they were located noted. On March 4, 1945, Rev. Sayre writes that St. Barnabas' Church was consecrated. He mentions on August 14, 1945 that Japan accepted the surrender terms of the Allies and the city went wild. He had a œVision After Victory special service on August 19, 1945. On January 28, 1946, Rev. Sayre writes that his Mother and sister Margaret and husband returned to Hampton where they rented an apartment. They had lived in Salem, Virginia during the war years to be away from the Atlantic Coast.","Rev. Sayre's Mother dies on July 29, 1948 while he is at Orkney Springs, Virginia. On this date, Rev. Sayre inserted a copy of a letter to Marjorie's parents where he talks of the funeral. In late July and August, the Sam and Marjorie Sayre travel along the west coast. Many postcards and flyers were inserted between these pages.","There is a hole (mouse nibble) between pages 109 and 195, but very little writing is affected. On December 3, 1950, there is a dedication service for the Canon Robert Renison Memorial Parish House, named in honor of Marjorie's grandfather. Marjorie's father, Rev. George E. Renison, died on January 17, 1951.","Rev. Sayre receives a call to become rector of Kingston Parish, Mathews, Virginia on September 6, 1960. On November 15, 1960, Rev. Sayre notes that he œtendered his resignation as rector of St. Barnabas' Church as of January 16, 1961 because of a call from Kingston Parish, Mathews, Virginia. On January 21, 1961, Rev. Sayre renewed his priesthood vows at St. Barnabas. His last Sunday as Rector was February 12, 1961. Rev. Sayre writes about everything he and Marjorie did as they prepared to move to Virginia such as packing and the last vestry meeting, then writes of their trip and all the things they did when they finally arrived in Mathews. November 19, 1962, Rev. Sayre tells about a disappointing Vestry meeting. He is 69 on December 18, 1962.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Carmalt family","Morris family","Renison family","Sayre family","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. Acc. 2007.43","/repositories/2/resources/9039"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Episcopal Church--Clergy","Episcopal Church--Virginia--Clergy--20th century","Genealogy","Correspondence","Diaries","Pamphlets","Photographs","Postcards","Programs","Sermons"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Episcopal Church--Clergy","Episcopal Church--Virginia--Clergy--20th century","Genealogy","Correspondence","Diaries","Pamphlets","Photographs","Postcards","Programs","Sermons"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["6.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Diaries","Pamphlets","Photographs","Postcards","Programs","Sermons"],"date_range_isim":[1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the material was already arranged by Rev. Sayre and his order was maintained.  The rest of the collection was grouped into Correspondence, Family, Photographs, Travel, Personal, Ministry, Sermons and Diaries.  When possible, material was organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Some of the material was already arranged by Rev. Sayre and his order was maintained.  The rest of the collection was grouped into Correspondence, Family, Photographs, Travel, Personal, Ministry, Sermons and Diaries.  When possible, material was organized chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSamuel H. Sayre, Jr. was born in Hampton, Virginia, the son of Annie Woolsey Morris and Samuel H. Sayre, Sr. He is descended from Lewis Morris, a Signer of the Declaration of Independence. He served in the Hospital Corp Service of the Navy until August 28, 1919 when he began his studies to be an Episcopal priest. On September 18, 1919, he entered St. Stephen's College, Annandale-on-Hudson and graduated in spring 1922. Between September 26, 1922 and spring 1925, he studied at the General Theological Seminary in New York City as a candidate for the ministry and as a postulant of Bishop Burleson, spending the summers in the Mission field of South Dakota.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e He served as a priest in South Dakota, Chicago, Pennsylvania, California and Virginia. He married Marjorie Mae Renison on January 13, 1934 in St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. His parish of St. Barnabas in Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California was begun by his wife's Grandfather, Canon Renison, as a Mission Church and Rev. Sayre took over the Parish from his Father-in-Law, Rev. George Edward Renison.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Dates and Parishes:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e August 2, 1925 to April 1927\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e St. James Mission in Mobridge, South Dakota (Rev. Sayre's first parish),\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e April, 1927 to January 31, 1928\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e St. Paul's Church in Kenwood, Chicago,\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e April 1, 1928 to September 30, 1938\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e St. Mary's Episcopal Church, Williamsport, Pennsylvania and The Church of Our Savior in Montoursville, Pennsylvania,\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e October 1, 1938 to October 1, 1939\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e St. John's Episcopal Church, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania,\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e October 15, 1939 to January 15, 1961\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e St. Barnabas' Church, Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California,\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e February 1, 1961\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Kingston Parish, Mathews, Virginia and\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e by April 3, 1966\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e St. Mary's Episcopal Church, Colonial Beach, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e He is a 32nd degree Mason, member of the Royal Arcanum and Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fraternities. Other honors include Dean of Convocation of Pasadena, 1955-1959 and\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Chaplain to Bishop Bloy of Los Angeles, 1951-1961.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Samuel_Huntting_Sayre,_Jr.\" title=\"Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr.\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Samuel H. Sayre, Jr. was born in Hampton, Virginia, the son of Annie Woolsey Morris and Samuel H. Sayre, Sr. He is descended from Lewis Morris, a Signer of the Declaration of Independence. He served in the Hospital Corp Service of the Navy until August 28, 1919 when he began his studies to be an Episcopal priest. On September 18, 1919, he entered St. Stephen's College, Annandale-on-Hudson and graduated in spring 1922. Between September 26, 1922 and spring 1925, he studied at the General Theological Seminary in New York City as a candidate for the ministry and as a postulant of Bishop Burleson, spending the summers in the Mission field of South Dakota."," He served as a priest in South Dakota, Chicago, Pennsylvania, California and Virginia. He married Marjorie Mae Renison on January 13, 1934 in St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. His parish of St. Barnabas in Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California was begun by his wife's Grandfather, Canon Renison, as a Mission Church and Rev. Sayre took over the Parish from his Father-in-Law, Rev. George Edward Renison."," Dates and Parishes:"," August 2, 1925 to April 1927"," St. James Mission in Mobridge, South Dakota (Rev. Sayre's first parish),"," April, 1927 to January 31, 1928"," St. Paul's Church in Kenwood, Chicago,"," April 1, 1928 to September 30, 1938"," St. Mary's Episcopal Church, Williamsport, Pennsylvania and The Church of Our Savior in Montoursville, Pennsylvania,"," October 1, 1938 to October 1, 1939"," St. John's Episcopal Church, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania,"," October 15, 1939 to January 15, 1961"," St. Barnabas' Church, Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California,"," February 1, 1961"," Kingston Parish, Mathews, Virginia and"," by April 3, 1966"," St. Mary's Episcopal Church, Colonial Beach, Virginia."," He is a 32nd degree Mason, member of the Royal Arcanum and Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fraternities. Other honors include Dean of Convocation of Pasadena, 1955-1959 and"," Chaplain to Bishop Bloy of Los Angeles, 1951-1961."," Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  ."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccessioned and processed by Anne T. Johnson in 2007.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accessioned and processed by Anne T. Johnson in 2007."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePersonal, family and ministerial correspondence of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre.  His personal diaries from 1918 to 1963, his sermons and notes are included in this collection.  There are family and other personal photographs and many postcard and tourist packet photographs from his trips to Europe and his automobile trips from California to Virginia.  Publication material includes church bulletins, news clippings, tourist pamphlets, magazines and others.  His family correspondence possibly has more personal information than his diaries.  His diaries are often a day by day recap of what he did, sometimes about how he felt about people, places or things and rarely about any personal struggles.  The family files contain genealogical information of the Sayre, Renison, Carmalt and Morris Families.  His ministry work is detailed in his letters, diaries and other materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRev. Sayre grouped some of his correspondence and these groups were kept as he organized them. Loose correspondence found in the collection was gathered and grouped according to subject: ministry, family or personal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between family members of Rev. Samuel Sayre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to, from and about Mrs. Samuel H. Sayre (Marjorie). Letter from Marjorie to her Mother. September 1940. Thank you letter from the Woman's Auxiliary of the Church of Our Saviour to Mrs. Sayre for her talk. October 9, 1952. Letter from Bishop Francis Eric Bloy of Los Angeles to Mrs. Samuel H. Sayre telling her she is a recipient of the Bishop's annual award for outstanding laymen of the diocese. October 1, 1956. Invitation from Chaplains Service Corps to a tea honoring Mrs. Samuel H. Sayre, President of the Chaplains Service Corps. February 24, 1959.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to and from Family Members of Samuel H. Sayre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are letters Samuel H. Sayre or his wife, Marjorie Sayre, wrote to his sisters, Ruth and Margaret, from Sierra Vista, Arizona. They go into great detail about his day to day activities. He writes about his family, particularly Ted and Margaret Morris who live in Sierra Vista, Grassfield, and the church. These letters were organized by Samuel H. Sayre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese letters were found loose during accessioning and grouped A-Z by last name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese letters were tied together with a red ribbon. They are early family correspondence between Samuel H. Sayre and his family and between members of his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn an envelope postmarked 1906 are postcards and letters from Samuel H. Sayre, Jr. to his family while he is visiting relatives in Germantown , Pennsylvania and at Camp Choconut in Friendsville, Pennsylvania during the summer of 1906.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters and post cards from Samuel H. Sayre, Jr. to his family while visiting Aunt Caroline Morris and Aunt Minnie (Mary Cox Morris)in Washington, D.C. Tells about his sightseeing trips, visits to friends and other activities in and around Washington D.C. December 1910 and January 1911\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnvelope with note: œAnswers from Alice May Berry when I asked her if she loved me¦Spring or summer of 1932 at ten years of age.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are letters to Rev. Samuel H. Sayre from his wife, Marjorie Sayre. This group of correspondence is filed in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. On September 1, 1933, Marjorie writes that her family and others œfell quite in love with you and asks how he liked his first trip to California. On December 23, 1933, Marjorie writes of wedding plans for Saturday, the 13th.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. April 15, 1934 Marjorie talks about how difficult it is to leave her Mother and come East.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarjorie wrote these letters on her trip to Eagle Rock, California to see her ill Mother. Samuel is in Mathews, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarjorie is in Eagle Rock, California visiting her ill Mother in the hospital. Her Mother is buried on Friday, January 24. Samuel is in Mathews, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarjorie is in Eagle Rock, California until mid-March. Samuel is in Mathews, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTo Annie (Mrs. S. H. Sayre, Jr.) c/o Thos (Thomas) Moore in Fairfax Courthouse, Virginia, from Papa in Hampton, Virginia May 6, 1891. To Annie (Mrs. S. H. Sayre, Jr.) c/o Thos (Thomas) Moore in Fairfax Courthouse, Virginia, from (Papa). May 7, 1891. To Nancy, From unknown in Wilmington, North Carolina. November 13, 1898.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEmpty envelope from S.H. Sayre, Jr. of Hampton, Virginia to Miss Caroline P. Morris in Scarsdale, New York. Postmarked January 3, 1909.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of these letters are between other members of the family. Letters from Samuel H. Sayre's Mother and Father, his Aunt Caroline P. Morris, Aunt Minnie, Aunt Mary Cox Sayre, Morris Sayre, Uncle Charles R. Sayre, Frances R. Vance of Department of Charities in Los Angeles, California. Letter to Samuel H. Sayre from his brother, Morris Sayre, where Morris gives advice to Sam about what his next step in life should be, particularly pursuing the ministry. May 7, 1914.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of these letters are between other family members or letters that Samuel H. Sayre wrote to family members. Correspondents include Samuel H. Sayre's Mother, his brother, Morris Sayre and Aunts Minnie and Caroline. Most letters do not have envelopes, but in 1923 Samuel H. Sayre was living in Hampton and at the General Theological Seminary in New York City. In July 10, 1922 letter to Aunts (Aunt Minnie) while he is in Dupree, South Dakota, Samuel H. Sayre talks in depth of his experience with the Indians. A group of letters from late 1924 and early 1925 with his brother, Morris Sayre, are labeled œarguments and correspondence with Morris 1924-25 and concern their philosophy on what is needed to be a good minister. Letter from Morris Sayre to Samuel H. Sayre where he congratulates Sam on his upcoming ordination. March 13, 1926 November 24, 1926 wedding invitation of Aileen Harriet Elizabeth Renison to Armistead Claiborne Leigh, Jr. at St. Barnabas Episcopal Church in Eagle Rock, California.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters from Samuel H. Sayre's Mother , Morris Sayre, Marjorie Sayre, Read Sayre Letter from Read Sayre enclosing a typed poem The Passing of the Backhouse by James Whitcomb Riley. October 23, 1933 Letter from Samuel H. Sayre's Mother about Marjorie's visit. April 17, 1934. A letter from someone in Hampton, either a child or a mentally handicapped person, to his mother. April 30, 1939. (Possibly Rev. Sayre's younger brother, Daniel, who was institutionalized). McClellan Wilson, Jr., M.D. wrote to Rev. Sayre about the death of Rev. Sayre's brother, Daniel Sayre. September 12, 1939.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany letters are from Samuel Sayre's Mother who is partially, then almost totally blind. Some of the 1946 and 1947 letters between Samuel Sayre and his brother, Morris Sayre, concern their disagreement on their Mother's care by their sister, Margaret, and their basic philosophical differences about church and Christianity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Samuel H. Sayre where he describes the death, on January 17, 1951, and the funeral of Rev. George E. Renison, Marjorie's father. January 30, 1951. Letter from Eleanor Searle to Sis and Ruth and to Sam and Marjorie about the death of Aunt Mary. July 1952. Letters from Read Sayre and about Read Sayre's death on July 9, 1952. Letter to Marjorie Sayre from Margaret Sayre Ransone, about Morris Sayre's funeral with attached note from Nancy Sayre, Morris Sayre's wife. March 20, 1953. From Bill to Mrs. Taylor Ransome (Marg) about the guardianship money of Aunt Caroline P. Morris. December 23, 1953. Church Bulletin from Saint Luke's Church, Montcair, New Jersey where it mentions the Memorial Windows Given By Sayre Family in memory of the late Senior Warden, Morris Sayre. September 19, 1954 and September 21, 1952. Letter from Bob Sayre about death of his mother, Mary Thomas Sayre, an aunt of Samuel H. Sayre. January 4, 1957. Letter from Mrs. Morris Sayre (Nancy) to Samuel H. Sayre where she talks of her deceased husband, Morris Sayre. (about 1958). Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he notes on the top margin œexperiences in (concerning) England and across U.S. on our return. September 23, 1958.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Samuel H. Sayre where he notes on the top margin, œconcerning my call to Kingston Parish, Mathews, VA. November 18, 1960 Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he notes on the top margin, œlast days in Eagle Rock, Calif(ornia) and trip east to Mathews-œ. June 9, 1961 Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he comments that he went to œOld Church outside of Richmond whose rector is the grandson of Carter Braxton Bryan who baptized Samuel Sayre in 1894 and that he was elected President of the Thomas Nelson Chapter of the SAR on June 9, 1966. August 11, 1964. Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he describes his past ministry and his new parish, St. Mary's Episcopal Church in Colonial Beach, Virginia. April 3, 1966. Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he noted on top margin of letter œThe beginning of the building of our new home. November 13, 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Samuel H. Sayre from William M. Sayre (Bill), Ruth Sayre, Chabela (a niece), and Bob and letter from Samuel H. Sayre to his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne Letter to Samuel H. Sayre from William M. Sayre (Bill), his nephew. August 25, 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEaster card from Ruth Sayre. Letter from Samuel H. Sayre's Mother. Post card from Morris Sayre in Turkey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEach folder in this group was either organized by Samuel H. Sayre, or it was artificially organized during the accession process. Some of the correspondence was found loose in different locations and the processor felt that gathering all the correspondence together would benefit researchers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are letters from and to fellow priests and parishioners about his call to Kingston Parish in Mathews, Virginia. They are in chronological order. Most of this material was organized by Samuel H. Sayre, but a few pieces of correspondence congratulating him were found loose and added. Correspondents include The Rt. Rev. Robert F. Gibson of Virginia, Suffragan Bishop Samuel B. Chilton of Virginia, Bishop Coadjutor Robert F. Gibson, John Warren Cooke, Senior Warden of Kingston Parish, Bishop Francis Eric Bloy of Los Angeles, John L. E. Collier, Arthur C. Coons of Occidental College, Glenard P. Lipscomb, Bob Sayre, Rev. Richard I. S. Parker, Franklyn D. Josselyn, Margaret Sayre Ransone and the Vestry of St. Barnabas' Church. In a letter to The Rt. Rev. Robert F. Gibson, D.D., Rev. Sayre tells Rev. Gibson of his decision to œend up my ministry in Virginia. This letter also includes information about Rev. Sayre's career and Marjorie Sayre's family history. ( June 14, 1960).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese letters are with fellow priests, parishioners, and others associated with the ministry work of Samuel H. Sayre. They were organized by Rev. Samuel H. Sayre and are in chronological order. Correspondents include Valerie Scudder, Edward Aupperle, Dr. Edwin D. Woodhouse, Louis L. Turner, Lillie Anthony Sutton, Marjorie M. Schmidt, Mrs.George C. Silzer, Los Angeles Council No. 1489 - Royal Arcanum, Boys' Home in Covington, Virginia, Bishop Stevens about Consecration of St. Barnabas' Church, Rev. Sumner Walters, Margaret H. Cook, Rev. R. G. Bannen, Rev. Theodore S. Will, Christ Church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Norman Stockett, Adele Brueninghausen, Bishop Frank DeMoulin, Bishop Beverley D. Tucker of Norfolk, Virginia, Margaret C. Thomas, W. Blair Roberts, C. E. Tolkien, Rev. Arthur C. Thomson, Rev. William P. Remington, G. Frank Shelby, Ethel Plass, Presiding Bishop of Michigan, Mrs. Skipper, The Brotherhood of St. Andrew in the United States, Mrs. James Stoughton, George H. Streaker, Mrs. William Vincent and Rev. George H. Thomas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReceived in a green file box with correspondence in alphabetical order. Most correspondents' names are noted, but some are either too difficult to read or do not appear on the letter. The content and date of some letters have been noted. Even though there are a few family letters, most of the correspondence concerns Rev. Samuel H. Sayre's ministry, his church related activities, his professional activities or other personal concerns not related to his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Gertrude Jean Baker, George B. Baldwin, Barbara Barth, Harry Beal, L. Nelson Bell, Dan M. Budy, Cary R. Blain, Rt. Rev. F. Eric Bloy, Mrs. John Brearton (Virginia), Harry A. Brenner, Frank R. Brandenburg, Rt. Rev. Hunter Wyatt Brown, Bishop of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, G. Braxton Bryan, Rev. John S. Bunting, Hugh L. Burleson, Bishop of South Dakota (Includes on heading: Rev. Wm. A.R. Goodwin, D.D. Rector, St. Paul's Church, Rochester, New York), John Burt, Uncle James Carmalt, brother of William H. Carmalt, MD, Samuel H. Sayre's Great- Uncles March 16, 1916, William H. Carmalt to Annie Sayre (Mother of Samuel H. Sayre. Dated August 7, 1928) and Dwight D. Eisenhower, President of the United States (Carbon Copy. Dated March 26, 1953).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Howard L. Hamilton (made Samuel Sayre the Honorary Chaplain of the Virginia Society in 1979), Venerable Paul E. Langpaap, J.C. Morris (Transcript of letter written from Grassfield in March 1876 with two attachments: a December 21, 1874 financial document where citizens of Friendsville give sums for the erection of a Protestant Episcopal Church and an œOrder of Exercises for the Laying of the Corner Stone of The Church of the Holy Spirit in Friendsville, Pennsylvania on June 7, 1876), The Rt. Rev. Austin Pardue, D.D. Retired, Arthur C. Patterson, Jr., A.H. Patterson, Pi Alpha Fraternity and H. Boone Porter of The Living Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeorge H. Randall concerning Brotherhood of St. Andrew in the United States, William P. Remington, Mrs. Ringsdorf, Reliable Furniture Company, W. Blair Roberts, Albert Rose, Royal Arcanum and Paul Rusch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReceived in a green file box with correspondence in alphabetical order. When Group 1 was accessioned, the seller had removed, and filed separately, letters that were written by well known people, such as Harry F. Byrd, a Virginia Senator and President Franklin D. Roosevelt. These letters were returned to the file in A-Z order, but they are noted in the list of correspondents. Most correspondents' names are noted, but some are either too difficult to read or do not appear on the letter. The content and date of some letters have been noted. Also, some letters have a note by Rev. Samuel H. Sayre along the top margin where he gives an explanation about the letter or letter writer. These notes appear to have been added at a later date rather than at the time of receipt. Possibly, Rev. Sayre went through his professional correspondence and kept items that reflect the variety of his ministry. Even though there are a few family letters, most of the correspondence concerns Rev. Samuel H. Sayre's ministry, his church related activities, his professional activities or other personal concerns not related to his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include John H. Allen and John M. Allin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Rev. John Baden, Rev. Carroll C. Barbour, Bard College, Eugene F. Barnes, Wallace T. Bennett, Estelle Billups, Francis E. Bloy, Wyatt Brown, John Burt, Harry F. Byrd, U.S. Senator from Virginia and James F. Byrnes, Governor of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Hester Campbell, Uncle James Carmalt (brother of W. H. Carmalt, M.D., Samuel H. Sayre's Great Uncle) This letter includes some family history in an attached letter to Samuel H. Sayre's Mother from W.H. Carmalt, Edwin R. Carter, Samuel B. Chilton, Church Periodical Club, C. M. Clement, George H. Clendenin, J. Morris Coerr, J. H. H. Coleman, Maurice M. Copebaack (difficult to read), Charles Cove, II, Rev. Charles S. Cook, Jr., John Warren Cooke, Ruth Cotter (Mrs. Richard Comfort Cotter), Earl S. Cox, H. H. Cowan and Betty Healy Cutler.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Pierre Daltour, Thomas C. Darst, Bishop George Davenport, George M. Day, Whittney Diggs, Thomas N. Downing, Charles B. Dubell and Frank Du Moulin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Mrs. William S. Edgar (Cousin Debbie Edgar), Eagle Rock Ministerial Association, Kenny and Frances Ferguson, David Lincoln Ferris, Rev. Frank Foote and Gordon M. Fothergill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Roy S. Gaskill, General Theological Seminary in New York, Bob Gibson, Barry Goldwater, U.S. Senator from Arizona, Rev. Robert Burton Gooden (Bishop), Bishop Gore, Rt. Rev. John J. Gravatt and George P. Gunn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Thomas J. Haldeman, Rev. J. D. Hall (a January 22 letter where he recommends The College of William and Mary), Francis J. Hall, Robert B. Hall, E. H. Halton, David S. Hamilton, Rick Hammond, Blake B. Hammond, Earl W. Haney, Bert H. Harper, M.D., Justice Albertis S. Harrison, Jr., Isaac Hartshorne, M.D., The Very Rev. J. Thomas Heistand, Gladys Hill, Hillspeak , Joan Hunley, Charles A. Junken, Edith Junken and Elizabeth Junken (note says, œmy earliest sweetheart).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Richard Kennedy, George Edwin Kidd, James Jackson Kilpatrick, Mrs. (Ellen) Stanley King, Mabel P. Knapp, Paul H. Kratzip, Russell Lamson, Mary Florence Lawson, Charles E. Levering, Little, Glenard P. Lipscomb, The Living Church and Los Angeles Dean of Pasadena Convention.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Raymond C. Mackay, Bill Major, Rev. Thomas R. Marshall, H.C. Martin, Mathew County (Virginia) Historical Society, George N. Maybe, Rickard H. McKee, Lucy Mehl, Polly Meredith, Rev. Newton Middleton, Rev. John Miles, Phil Moore, R. Walton Moore, H. A. Mosher and Gladys M. Murray.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a group of 1901 letters concerning Miss Mary C. Morris and a letter from Grandmother Morris. Correspondents include Grandmother Morris, Clara L. Morris - Cousin of Samuel H. Sayre who lives in Australia in 1957, Aunt Minnie Morris (Mary Cox Morris), Aunt Caroline Morris and Dwight B. Morris from Tombstone, Arizona.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include David C. Narver, National Association of Manufacturers, Rev. Frederick W. Neve, New Age, Occidental College, Mrs. Robert W. Orrell and Edgar C. Outten who encloses an obituary of Miss Mary Sims, Postmaster at Hampton Virginia 1952.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRev. E. Moray Peoples, Jr., Pi Alpha Fraternity, Ronald Reagan, Governor of California (dated 1974 and during 1980 Presidential Campaign), Robert A. Robertson, Harold Barrett Robinson, Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States (dated September 23, 1935) and Royal Arcanum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Saint John's Church, Hampton, Virginia (signed by Francis W. Hayes, Jr.), Society of the Cincinnati, New York State, C. J. Sanford, William L. Scott, Senator of Virginia, Valerie Scudder, C. Vernon Spratley, Margaret Matoaka Sims and Stratford Hall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDorothea Taft, Mrs. Charles E. Tolkien, Governor and Mrs. George C. Wallace, Governor of Alabama, Mrs. R. E. White, George Wickersham and Bishop S. Walters (note in letter from Mrs. Mordecai L. Marsh, Jr. dated April 16, 1947).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommerce, Assistant Secretary of State about recommendation for Dr. Wilson Leon Godshall; Lewis Tepel; Don Kaufman; Rev. Charles Friend, the Pastor during Samuel H. Sayre's Father's illness and death; Frances R. Vance (Mother Vance), the mother of Edward Vance, who writes about Samuel H. Sayre's help to her son while her son was dying in the military hospital. They correspond for many years; Van (St. Clair Vannix) from Vermillion, South Dakota who wrote his nine page letter as a poem; Rev. E. B. Woodruff; Harvey from Maine, Samuel H. Sayre's roommate at Saint Stephen's College; Don, a friend from school; Winifred Vogan, Aunt of Stuart Gast; The Secretary of the President of the United States who says The President cannot meet with Samuel H. Sayre on the date mentioned; Wm. T. Christian, secretary of the Junior Brotherhood of St. Andrews; W. Floyd Reams who encloses a Supreme Council Badge from Richmond, Virginia; Lechner Family; and œIn Memoriam poems for Bishop Burleson by Mrs. Dora Claire Vannix.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost of this group of papers was found loose during processing except where noted. This series includes genealogy information for the Sayre, Morris, Carmalt and Renison families, plus obituaries, news articles, legal records and biographies of members of these families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA day by day book, published in December 1914 for the Members of the Bible Class of the St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. Rev. Samuel H. Sayre noted family birthdays, wedding anniversaries and important events of his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from George T. Renison of Great Britain to Revd Canon Renison concerning Renison family. August 30, 1928\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Letter from George T. Renison of Great Britain to Revd Ganon Renison concerning Renison family. August 30, 1928. This group includes letters, charts and notes on the genealogy of the Morris Family, the Sayre Family and the Carmalt Family. Carbon copy of a typed letter written from Butternuts by Jacob, son of Lewis Morris, Signer of the Declaration of Independence. January 1, 1838 Post card with a picture of the signers of the Declaration of Independence (1927) Genealogy of the Annie Morris Sayre branch of the Morris Family from Lewis Morris, the Signer of the Declaration of Independence (1937) Letter to Mrs. Annie Morris Sayre from œDescendants of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence conferring œComplimentary Membership, dated June 17, 1937. Envelope, postmarked November 2, 1959, with notes to Bill Sayre probably by Samuel H. Sayre. Attached is a family history of the œSayre Family beginning with John Sayre born June 4, 1938 in New York City. There is also a photo of Morris Sayre from a publication dated 1948. Letter to William M. Sayre and others from John of Drinker, Biddle and Reath of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania regarding the attached A History of Choconut Lake Cemetery Association which began in 1827 by Caleb Carmalt. October 24, 1967. Carmalt Family notes on envelope dated April 15, 1968. Letter to Bill Sayre from Margaret Sayre about the Morris Family, particularly Annie Woolsey Morris Sayre. Christmas 1970. List of photographs of Morris ancestors from Margaret Sayre Ransone to Samuel H. Sayre. undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Mrs. George Edward Renison, Mother of Marjorie Renison Sayre, died January 22, 1964. Dr. Lewis Rutherfurd Morris undated. Mary Cox Morris (Aunt of Samuel Sayre and sister to his mother) undated. Annie Woolsey Morris Sayre (Mother of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre, Jr.) 1948. Includes her obituary from various newspapers which tell of her involvement in DAR. James W. Carmalt (Great Uncle of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre, Jr.) 1937.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper article on Margaret Ransone, sister of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre, when she became 1976 Peninsula Woman of the Year by the Junior Women's Club 1976. Program from the University of Chicago Alumni Association giving an Award Citation to Margaret Sayre Ransone, A.M. 1929 May 20, 1978. Bulletin from St. John's Church in Hampton, Virginia with note by Margaret S. Ransone. March 11, 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinal Report of Charles Read Sayre, Executor of Estate of Mrs. Annie M. Sayre, Deceased. (November 30, 1948).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis group of letters, photographs, and obituaries were grouped by Rev. Samuel H. Sayre and were accessioned in a used manila envelope with the handwritten note: Life History of Annie Morris Sayre. This folder contains the following: Editorial about Mrs. Samuel H. Sayre from the July 31, 1948 Daily Press, Newport News, VA. Obituaries of Mrs. Annie Woolsey Morris Sayre (1948) Notice of funeral service for Mrs. Annie Woolsey Morris Sayre. (1948) Society news about where the Sayre families are going after being in Hampton (Virginia) because of the death of their Mother, Mrs. S. H. Sayre. (1948) Copy of a photograph of Caleb Carmalt with a separate note: œCaleb Carmalt in his own handwriting. A print copy of the only likeness he ever sat for or allowed to be taken. About the early 1840's. Letter from Morris Sayre to Sam Sayre, dated December 16, 1943, enclosing: Letter to Morris Sayre from Margaret S. Ransone about their Mother, Anna Woolsey Morris Sayre, gleaned from conversations, memories and their Mother's diary, dated November 18, 1943 and photographs of portraits of Governor Lewis Morris, 1st Lord of the Manor, Chief Justice of New York, First Governor of New Jersey; Lewis Morris, 2d Lord of the Manor, Judge of the High Court of Admiralty, General Lewis Morris; 3d Lord of the Manor, Signer of the Declaration of Independence and Mary Walton, Wife of General Lewis Morris, œThe Signer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrand Council Royal Arcanum of Virginia announcement of the death of Samuel Huntting Sayre, Sr., the thank you letter of Samuel Hunting Sayre, Sr. for the kindness of the members during his illness and copy of the Royal Arcanum Bulletin about Samuel Huntting Sayre, Sr.'s death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopy and transcript of the 1669 will of Thomas Sayre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStock information, real estate, life insurance and copy of the death record of Eleanor Sayre Searle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial on estate of Mary E. Sayre, including her assets and will. Eleanor Sayre Searle was one of the administrators of Mary E. Sayre's will. Includes life insurance policy for Eleanor Sayre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds, Death Record, Wills of Eleanor S. Searle and William B. Searle, Tax Information, Life Insurance, stock information, December 23, 1966 Wall Street with last market quotations before Eleanor Searle died on December 24, 1966, empty envelopes - some with notes, bank statements, power of attorney from Eleanor Sayre Searle to William Baum Searle, dated August 22, 1966 and other legal documents. Her lawyer was Richard C. Cotter of Mathews, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeed, Lawyers Title Insurance and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes photographs of Rev. Sayre's family, his churches, his parishioners and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRev. Charles Dubell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Funeral Program and letter for C. Lee Narver, 1955.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains Rev. Sayre's bills, receipts, brochures, guidebooks, schedules, church bulletins, newspapers, cruise information and other material from his trips to Europe and across the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes maps, railroad schedules, bus schedules, airline schedules, hotel pamphlets, brochures and guidebooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes maps, railroad schedules, bus schedules, airline schedules, hotel pamphlets, brochures and guidebooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes maps, railroad schedules, bus schedules, airline schedules, hotel pamphlets, brochures and guidebooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes maps, railroad schedules, bus schedules, airline schedules, hotel pamphlets, brochures and guidebooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrochures about The White House, Abraham Lincoln and The Rolfe Property, plus a hotel sign, œIf you smoke in bed please tell us Where to send your ashes!\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSt. Paul's Church in Toronto, St. Paul's Cathedral in London and Westminster Abbey in London, Church of the Annunciation in London, The Cathedral Church of Christ, Canterbury, 1958.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Cunard Line route, menus and a list of passengers on trip from Montreal to Europe, June 27th, 1958.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper issues and newspaper clippings published in London including the Daily Telegraph and Morning Post, Church Times, London Times, the London Observer and The Sunday Express.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a packet of etchings of places in England.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Countryman Winter 1967/68 Historic Houses and Castles in Great Britain and Northern Ireland 1958\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApril 1948 National Geographic article œFounders of Virginia. April 1949 National Geographic with article œThe British Way.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents What to Look for in an Old Church by J. Hope Urwin 1957 Twice Upon a Time by Brother Edward undated Anglican Life, Vol. 19, No. 3 April 1958\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStationery from different hotels.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese items were found loose in the collection, but focus mainly on his personal life. The folders include his address book, financial records, memorabilia and other personal items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInsurance Receipts for Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York. Empty envelopes from West Bank and Trust Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Paper signs that were put on Samuel Sayre's door when he was sick. undated Cutout of a rabbit. Placemat of State Flowers. Receipt and shipping label for a group of sculptures from Switzerland. July 1956.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo $10 Shares dated 1921.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes April 27, 1961 Gazette-Journal of Gloucester and Mathews Garden Week Issue.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese items accessioned in a manila envelope with œTombstone Arizona Material written across the top and include newspapers, newspaper clippings and a menu. Menu from Wagon Wheel Restaurant, Tombstone, Arizona These articles have not been copied for preservation. Shades of 1881, Britain's Own Wyatt Earp Planning Visit To Haunts of Namesake, The Tombstone Epitaph, August 23, 1973 Souvenir Edition, The Tombstone Epitaph, 1974 Bisbee Review, April 10, 1975. Column by Don Pelon is circled. Helldorado Fever Strikes Old Camp, The Tombstone Epitaph, October 17, 1975. Handwritten note by (Rev. Samuel H. Sayres) œI conducted a communion service here on October¦ Copper Runs Out but Mining Town Refuses to Die, byline from Bisbee, Arizona, Los Angeles Times, March 8, 1976. Helldorado celebration draw crowd of thousands, byline from Tombstone, from Herald-Dispatch, Sierra Vista, Arizona, October 20, 1975. 1978 Special Helldorado Edition, The Tombstone Epitaph, October 13, 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes material related to Rev. Sayre's ministry, such as church bulletins, employment information, professional organizations, information on his parishes and parishioners, news clippings and printed or published material that relate to his position as a rector.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClippings of the column by Horace L. Varian and Horace L. Varian, Jr. of Ammidon and Company from The Living Church publication.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSt. John's Church, Richmond, Virginia March 19, 1978 St. John's Church, Elizabeth City Parish, Hampton, Virginia March 19, 1978\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence and material concerning employment and ministerial related matters and organizations such as contracts, retirement, resignations, salaries and licenses. Correspondence concerning his ministerial work, whether personal or business, has been filed under Correspondence - Ministry Related. Lay Reader's License Authorization to conduct services in Norfolk Navy Yard to United States Navy seamen. December 13, 1917. Lay Readers License from the Diocese of New York for Samuel H. Sayre. November 7, 1919. To Rev. Lewis Nichols, Diocese of Harrisburg (Pennsylvania) from Rev. Samuel Sayre, St. Mary's Church Rectory in Williamsport, Pennsylvania . September 6, 1930. Rev. Samuel Sayre submitting resignation as Secretary of the Diocese of Harrisburg. Resignation as Secretary of the Diocese of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. October, 1930. Employment correspondence with St. John's Church of Bellefonte, Pennsylvania. July1938. Letters to the Vestry of the Church of Our Saviour, Montoursville, Pennsylvania and the Vestry of St. Mary's Church in Williamsport, Pennsylvania from (Samuel H. Sayre) where he severs official relations with them. July 21, 1938. Vestry of Kingston Parish resolution that the Reverend Samuel Huntting Sayre will reach the canonical age of mandatory retirement in the Protestant Episcopal Church. December 18, 1965.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdaptation of a page from the 1455 Gutenberg Bible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePicture of 1964 Confirmation Class 1971 Treasurer's Report Photo of girls in capes and banners from Kingston Parish. September 1983\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eList of Payments for all the churches in the Los Angeles Diocese.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn Open Letter to Boys and Girls in view of Children's Sunday, 1903 by Fred. Stuart Kirkness, Convention Daily in Detroit Michigan, September 25, 1961, The American Legion Magazine. Article on surrender ceremonies of Japan on the USS Missouri. August 1975, The Episcopal Review. The main article is about the induction of Rt. Rev. Robert Claflin Rusack as the fourth Bishop of Los Angeles. February 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Farewell Sermon and Ordination as Deacon at St. John's in Newport News, Virginia. 1925. Appointment as Dean of the Pasadena Convocation of the Diocese of Los Angeles. 1954. Resignation from St. Barnabus' Church in Eagle Rock and new appointment to Kingston Parish, Mathews, VA. 1961. California Clergyman Takes Mathew Paris. 1961. Rev. Samuel H. Sayre is Chaplain of the Sons of the American Revolution and received a Silver Good Citizenship Medal from SAR. 1978. Mother's Day Sermon. undated. Sayre Guest at St Luke's in Richmond, Virginia for month of August. No year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eObituary of William E. Zimmer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis group includes invitations, church bulletins, news clippings, church publications and telegrams. Elizabeth City Parish News and Bible Class Bulletin with notice that Bishop Mathews gave Samuel Sayre a Lay Readers license. December 15, 1915. The Weekly Letter of St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia April 19th to April 26th, 1925. Under Notes an announcement that Samuel Huntting Sayre will be ordained as Deacon. Invitation by the Bishop of South Dakota and the Rector and Vestry of Saint John's Church, Hampton, Virginia to the Ordering as Deacon of Samuel Huntting Sayre. First Sunday After Easter, 1925. Order of Service Bulletin of St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia, First Sunday After Easter, 1925. Ordering of Samuel Huntting Sayre as Deacon. Congratulatory telegrams from Katherine Maycock and C.C. Morris. April 25, 1925. Press Clippings about March 18, 1925 Ordination. St. John's Bible Class Bulletin which mentions Samuel Huntting Sayre Ordained as Deacon on April 19, 1925 at St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. Photo of Rev. Sayre on front of Bulletin. May 10, 1925. The Weekly Letter, St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. Under Notes, an announcement that Rev. Samuel Sayre will preach his farewell sermon to St. John's Church, Hampton. July 12th to July 19th, 1925. The Weekly Letter, St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. March 14th to March 21st, 1926. Under Notes, an announcement that Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre will be ordained to the Priesthood in St. John's Church on Thursday, March 18th. Formal invitation to the ordination of The Rev. Samuel Hunting Sayre, Priest on March 18, 1926. Order of Service Bulletin of St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia , March 18, 1926. Ordering of Samuel Huntting Sayre as Priest. The Weekly Letter of St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia, March 21st to March 28th, 1926. Under Notes, an announcement that Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre will hold his first celebration of the Holy Communion at the early Service this morning.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoems from Rev. Newton Middleton of Church of the Good Shepherd in Norfolk, from The Living Church and from Rev. John Gaynor Banks of the Fellowship of St. Luke in San Diego, California. Poems of Life and Love by Emily Pinter Asher given to Marjorie Sayre by Emily Asher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Christian Nurture Series sheet with a list and descriptions of work books for Junior and Junior High School Pupils. undated. Brochure of the Historic Saint Peter's Protestant Episcopal Church in New Kent County, Virginia. undated. The Holy Catholic Church on The Doctrines of the Apostles' Creed by Theodore O. Wedel. undated. Ours is the Responsibility, an address given at the National Convention of the Girls' Friendly Society at Berea, Kentucky. June 27, 1942. Fiftieth Anniversary of the Laying of the Foundation Stone of St. Margaret's Protestant Episcopal Church in New York. 1944. If I Marry a Roman Catholic by National Council of the Churches of Christ. 1945. Chapter DA of P.E.O. in Eagle Rock, California. 1951-52. Lest We Forget by Robert B. Watts. October 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePart of a St. John's Church Bulletin that has a picture of and an article by Samuel H. Sayre concerning his summers in the West. January, 15, 1922. The Living Church article by Samuel H. Sayre entitled œThe Church and Government Hospitals. April 25, 1925. St. Andrew's Cross article by Samuel Huntting Sayre, œWanted: A Man about needing people for missions in the West. (1926). The New Age article œThe Word ˜Catholic' in June 1952 issue. The Living Church editorial published August 19, 1973. The Living Church, January 29, 1978 Per note on cover, the important items in this issue are œa letter to Aunt Josephine and my letter to the Editor. The Living Church editorial, œThe Old Days in South Dakota published April 9, 1978. The Living Church editorial, œLoves TLC published February 25, 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1939 Easter Communicant List Photographs, Easter 1941. 1944 label offering reduction of Parish debt 1952 invitation. Addresses of Parishioners from St. Barnabus Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Rev. William Westover about the history of St. James Mission in Mobridge, South Dakota.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJuly 1, 1930 letter about St. Mary's Church 50th Anniversary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Notation on front of manila envelope says œThis should be kept in case that Pi Alpha Fraternity and Tau Delta Alpha should ever be reinstated as a national church organization. Pi Alpha ritual book str in box in pump house. Guide entitled Ritual of the Tau Delta Alpha Sorority undated. Authorization for St. Barnabas Church, Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California to be part of the Los Angeles Alpha Chapter. undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1952 Annual Report of the Woman's Auxiliary to the National Council of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America, Diocese of Los Angeles. 1952 Officers' Handbook of Diocese of Arkansas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series has been divided into sermons given by Rev. Sayre and sermons given by other ministers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Rev. Sayre's sermons arrived loose, and have been grouped by date, if dated, by number, if numbered, and by size of paper if undated. The sermons by others might include some sermons by Rev. Sayre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes by Rev. Samuel H. Sayre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese sermons have been numbered by Rev. Sayre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Folder one of two that contain undated sermons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Folder two of two that contain undated sermons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese papers appear to be notes, outlines and full copies of sermons given by other ministers. Some of them could possibly be sermons given by Samuel H. Sayre. Some of the papers have a topic written along the top margin and note hymns sung. It is difficult to tell if the original order was by these topics, by date order, or another order, but they have been placed in date order. Because of the fragile condition of the paper on which these notes are handwritten, some of them have been photocopied. The originals are filed with the photocopies. Some of the names on the papers who are noted as deliverers of a sermon include Rev. Belliss, Rev. Bonacker, Rev. Holmes, Rev. Walker, Rev. White and others. Rev. F.C. Benson Belliss, Rev. Ralph Bonacker and Rev. Pierce Butler were the clergy for St. Paul's Church in Chicago, Illinois in the Summer of 1938.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Sermon entitled œAn Instructed Eucharist, undated but œreceived 10/31/1975. Sermon by Rev. Conrad H. Goodwin at St. John's in Hampton, Virginia on August 18, but no year noted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1918 to 1963 diaries tell mainly of Rev. Sayre's day to day activities and usually include letters he has written and received, where he gone, when he naps, and people he meets if they include family and close friends. He often notes where he eats his meals, what time he rises, and what he is reading. After his marriage in 1938, his entries become a little fuller. When he is visiting his family, he goes into a little more detail, but still sticks to the facts. His train and automobile trips across country are usually interesting. Very rarely does he share his feelings, though he might comment if a letter was wonderful, a meal great, a death hard on a family or how great it is to be back at college or at his old home or with Marjorie after a separation. There are addresses, notes, accounts, Christmas lists and book lists in the back of many of the early diaries. In most of the diaries, he will note in the top margin if he changes locations, particularly for an overnight stay or a trip and when he moves. Years 1953 to October 1, 1959 are missing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is in the U.S. Naval Reserve Force, stationed near Hampton, and is discharged on August 28, 1919. Throughout the year, he has dental problems plus has his appendix removed in June.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe begins college at St. Stephens on August 18, 1919. He tells about his classes and grades and his membership in Tu Sigma Alpha Epsilon. St. Stephens College is now Bard College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is at St. Stephens during the school year and goes to Camp Houghteling and Mobridge, South Dakota during the summer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is at St. Stephens during the school year and completes his studies. He goes to Mobridge and Fort Yates, South Dakota during the summer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeptember 26, 1922, Rev. Sayre enters the General Theological Seminary in New York City as a candidate for the ministry under Bishop Burleson and spends his summer in Sioux Falls, South Dakota doing missionary work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is at General Theological Seminary in New York City during the school year and at Church of Incarnation, Dallas, South Dakota during the summer. He preaches his first sermon on June 24, 1923.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is at General Theological Seminary in New York City during the school year and spends the summer in Hampton and visiting relatives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is at General Theological Seminary in New York City during the school year. On April 19, 1925 he is ordained a Deacon at St. John's Church in Hampton, Virginia by Bishop Burleson, the bishop of South Dakota. August 2, 1925 is his first Sunday in his First Parish in Mobridge, South Dakota. He meets Marjorie Renison, his future wife, sometime in the fall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn March 6, 1926 he mentions his feelings for œMiss Renison. He is ordained by Rt. Rev. Arthur Conover Thompson at St. John's Church in Hampton, Virginia on March 18, 1926. At St. John's Church, he celebrates his first Holy Eucharist as a Priest on March 21, 1926. He writes on April 5 that he œsealed his engagement with Miss Marjorie Renison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn April he left South Dakota to go assist Dr. George Thomas of St. Paul's Church in Kenwood, Chicago, Illinois. On April 7, 1927 he notes on top margin, œImportant - my ideas¦\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanuary 31 was Rev. Sayre's last day at St. Paul's Church. March 5 Rev. Sayre received official call from St. Mary's Church, Williamsport, Pennsylvania and The Church of Our Saviour in Montoursville, Pennsylvania. April 1 Rev. Sayre began at St. Mary's Church and The Church of Our Saviour. Continues to write Marjorie Renison, but doesn't visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes his daily schedule which includes visits to hospital, where he ate dinner, and who he writes, but doesn't mention parishioners names unless he does something socially with them. Continues to write Marjorie Renison, but doesn't visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes his daily schedule which includes visits to hospital, where he ate dinner, and who he writes, but doesn't mention parishioners names unless he does something socially with them. Continues to write Marjorie Renison, but doesn't visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes his daily schedule which includes visits to hospital, where he ate dinner, and who he writes, but doesn't mention parishioners names unless he does something socially with them. Continues to write Marjorie Renison, but doesn't visit. Rev. Sayre's 38th Birthday is on December 18.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes his daily schedule which includes visits to hospital, where he ate dinner, and who he writes, but doesn't mention parishioners names unless he does something socially with them. Continues to write Marjorie Renison, but doesn't visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA May 27, 1933 program œHistorical Pageant œEvents in the History of the Episcopal Church in The United States of America¦ given at Christ Church, Media Pennsylvania is in front of diary. On August 18, Rev. Sayre arrives in Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California where Marjorie Renison and her family live. Rev. Sayre and Marjorie Renison go to Laguna Beach together and stay almost a week. Rev. Sayre writes œIt's wonderful to be here alone with Miss Renison and on August 19th, Rev. Sayre writes œ¦I kissed and hugged Marjorie in the gallery. On August 30, Rev. Sayre visits Edward Vance's grave, the young man who died while Rev. Sayre cared for him when he was in the Naval Reserve Force.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder also has newspaper clippings of the September 1933 engagement and the January 13, 1934 wedding in St. John's Episcopal Church in Hampton, Virginia of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre and Marjorie Renison. On June 19th, Marjorie goes on a visit to California and returns September 26. Rev. Sayre goes to conference in Virginia in early July, then to Hampton until mid August. On October 11, Rev. Sayre changed his Life Insurance policies over to Marjorie and borrows money to furnish living room.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlips of sheet music are in the back of the diary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePost cards and addresses are in front of the diary. On March 18th the town of Williamsport flooded, including downtown, churches and homes. He goes into detail about the damage on March 20th. On August 3, at the end of a trip to Colorado, Marjorie heads to Los Angeles and Rev. Sayre drives to Pennsylvania. Marjorie returns November 24th.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRev. Sayre includes January 1 through 9, 1938 at end of diary. A letter from Charles Lavery, enclosing a carbon copy of his letter to Rt. Rev. Irving Peake Johnson, is with the diary plus a few news clippings, a list of publications, possibly ones that Rev. Sayre receives and a letter that accompanied a salary check.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeginning in 1938, Rev. Sayre uses a journal instead of a one year diary. In front of the diary are news clippings, notes, articles, letters and flyers. One flyer is for Altar Wines from James Moroney of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and one clipping announces his resignation from St. Mary's Episcopal Church on October 1 to become rector of St. John's Church, Bellefonte and gives a brief biography of his ministry up to that point. He begins the new larger diary œ¦giving a fuller and more detailed account of my daily activities¦of my personal impressions of people, places and things and events, too¦ Rev. Sayre then summarizes his other diaries, beginning with 1917. He divides the earlier diaries into œBabyhood, œBoyhood, œYouth and œYoung Manhood periods. He gives more detail of events that he recorded in these early diaries, such as a conflict with Dr. George Thomas of St. Paul's Church in Kenwood, Chicago and the effects of the Depression on St. Mary's Church in Pennsylvania. On Page 10, he gives a wonderful description of Marjorie Renison Sayre, his wife. The 1938 diary begins his œManhood period. His early entries are more in depth and personal, even giving detail of things that happened in the past, or people, such as his Mother, but he quickly reverts to just telling of his daily activities with few personal touches. Rev. Sayre mentions listening to the new presiding Bishop, Rt. Rev. Henry St. George Tucker of Virginia, on the radio on New Year's Day, 1938. He writes œRev. Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin of Williamsburg, Virginia on January 10, 1938 and spends the day with him on April 27, 1938. Gives resignation to St. Mary's Church and The Church of Our Saviour and meets with Vestry of both churches on July 21, 1938. On September 29, 1938, Marjorie and Samuel Sayre move to Bellefonte, Pennsylvania where he is the new Priest of St. John's Episcopal Church. June 8, 1939 Rev. Sayre receives official call to become rector of St. Barnabas Church, Eagle Rock, California where he would succeed his father-in-law, Rev. George E. Renison. On June 13th, he talks to his Mother about it. He hands in his resignation at the St. John's Vestry meeting on July 31, 1939. His last service was on Sunday, October 1 and he began October 15th at St. Barnabas. Grandmother Renison is to live with them in the Parish House per October 23rd entry. On August 18, 1939, Rev. Sayre and his family, while he is visiting Newport News, learn that his brother, Dan, who has been in the State Institution in Pennhurst near Spring City, Pennsylvania due to a brain injury at birth, is ill. He dies on August 19, 1939. Talks about his parents on January 20, 1937.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis volume has postcards of hotels and other notes scattered throughout it. Begins on January 1, 1940 where he writes of eventually wanting to retire in Virginia. He gives detail of his cross country trip to Virginia in the summer of 1940. He mentions first blackout in Los Angeles, California on December 10, 1941, a few days after Pearl Harbor on December 7.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder includes a sermon, letters, clippings, list of people's names with death and baptismal dates, church bulletins, and programs from the Occidental College Art Series. They have been placed in a separate folder in front of the diary and the date where they were located noted. On March 4, 1945, Rev. Sayre writes that St. Barnabas' Church was consecrated. He mentions on August 14, 1945 that Japan accepted the surrender terms of the Allies and the city went wild. He had a œVision After Victory special service on August 19, 1945. On January 28, 1946, Rev. Sayre writes that his Mother and sister Margaret and husband returned to Hampton where they rented an apartment. They had lived in Salem, Virginia during the war years to be away from the Atlantic Coast.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRev. Sayre's Mother dies on July 29, 1948 while he is at Orkney Springs, Virginia. On this date, Rev. Sayre inserted a copy of a letter to Marjorie's parents where he talks of the funeral. In late July and August, the Sam and Marjorie Sayre travel along the west coast. Many postcards and flyers were inserted between these pages.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is a hole (mouse nibble) between pages 109 and 195, but very little writing is affected. On December 3, 1950, there is a dedication service for the Canon Robert Renison Memorial Parish House, named in honor of Marjorie's grandfather. Marjorie's father, Rev. George E. Renison, died on January 17, 1951.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRev. Sayre receives a call to become rector of Kingston Parish, Mathews, Virginia on September 6, 1960. On November 15, 1960, Rev. Sayre notes that he œtendered his resignation as rector of St. Barnabas' Church as of January 16, 1961 because of a call from Kingston Parish, Mathews, Virginia. On January 21, 1961, Rev. Sayre renewed his priesthood vows at St. Barnabas. His last Sunday as Rector was February 12, 1961. Rev. Sayre writes about everything he and Marjorie did as they prepared to move to Virginia such as packing and the last vestry meeting, then writes of their trip and all the things they did when they finally arrived in Mathews. November 19, 1962, Rev. Sayre tells about a disappointing Vestry meeting. He is 69 on December 18, 1962.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Personal, family and ministerial correspondence of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre.  His personal diaries from 1918 to 1963, his sermons and notes are included in this collection.  There are family and other personal photographs and many postcard and tourist packet photographs from his trips to Europe and his automobile trips from California to Virginia.  Publication material includes church bulletins, news clippings, tourist pamphlets, magazines and others.  His family correspondence possibly has more personal information than his diaries.  His diaries are often a day by day recap of what he did, sometimes about how he felt about people, places or things and rarely about any personal struggles.  The family files contain genealogical information of the Sayre, Renison, Carmalt and Morris Families.  His ministry work is detailed in his letters, diaries and other materials.","Rev. Sayre grouped some of his correspondence and these groups were kept as he organized them. Loose correspondence found in the collection was gathered and grouped according to subject: ministry, family or personal.","Correspondence between family members of Rev. Samuel Sayre.","Letters to, from and about Mrs. Samuel H. Sayre (Marjorie). Letter from Marjorie to her Mother. September 1940. Thank you letter from the Woman's Auxiliary of the Church of Our Saviour to Mrs. Sayre for her talk. October 9, 1952. Letter from Bishop Francis Eric Bloy of Los Angeles to Mrs. Samuel H. Sayre telling her she is a recipient of the Bishop's annual award for outstanding laymen of the diocese. October 1, 1956. Invitation from Chaplains Service Corps to a tea honoring Mrs. Samuel H. Sayre, President of the Chaplains Service Corps. February 24, 1959.","Letters to and from Family Members of Samuel H. Sayre.","These are letters Samuel H. Sayre or his wife, Marjorie Sayre, wrote to his sisters, Ruth and Margaret, from Sierra Vista, Arizona. They go into great detail about his day to day activities. He writes about his family, particularly Ted and Margaret Morris who live in Sierra Vista, Grassfield, and the church. These letters were organized by Samuel H. Sayre.","These letters were found loose during accessioning and grouped A-Z by last name.","These letters were tied together with a red ribbon. They are early family correspondence between Samuel H. Sayre and his family and between members of his family.","In an envelope postmarked 1906 are postcards and letters from Samuel H. Sayre, Jr. to his family while he is visiting relatives in Germantown , Pennsylvania and at Camp Choconut in Friendsville, Pennsylvania during the summer of 1906.","Letters and post cards from Samuel H. Sayre, Jr. to his family while visiting Aunt Caroline Morris and Aunt Minnie (Mary Cox Morris)in Washington, D.C. Tells about his sightseeing trips, visits to friends and other activities in and around Washington D.C. December 1910 and January 1911","Envelope with note: œAnswers from Alice May Berry when I asked her if she loved me¦Spring or summer of 1932 at ten years of age.","These are letters to Rev. Samuel H. Sayre from his wife, Marjorie Sayre. This group of correspondence is filed in chronological order.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. On September 1, 1933, Marjorie writes that her family and others œfell quite in love with you and asks how he liked his first trip to California. On December 23, 1933, Marjorie writes of wedding plans for Saturday, the 13th.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California and Samuel is in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. April 15, 1934 Marjorie talks about how difficult it is to leave her Mother and come East.","Marjorie wrote these letters on her trip to Eagle Rock, California to see her ill Mother. Samuel is in Mathews, Virginia.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California visiting her ill Mother in the hospital. Her Mother is buried on Friday, January 24. Samuel is in Mathews, Virginia.","Marjorie is in Eagle Rock, California until mid-March. Samuel is in Mathews, Virginia.","To Annie (Mrs. S. H. Sayre, Jr.) c/o Thos (Thomas) Moore in Fairfax Courthouse, Virginia, from Papa in Hampton, Virginia May 6, 1891. To Annie (Mrs. S. H. Sayre, Jr.) c/o Thos (Thomas) Moore in Fairfax Courthouse, Virginia, from (Papa). May 7, 1891. To Nancy, From unknown in Wilmington, North Carolina. November 13, 1898.","Empty envelope from S.H. Sayre, Jr. of Hampton, Virginia to Miss Caroline P. Morris in Scarsdale, New York. Postmarked January 3, 1909.","Some of these letters are between other members of the family. Letters from Samuel H. Sayre's Mother and Father, his Aunt Caroline P. Morris, Aunt Minnie, Aunt Mary Cox Sayre, Morris Sayre, Uncle Charles R. Sayre, Frances R. Vance of Department of Charities in Los Angeles, California. Letter to Samuel H. Sayre from his brother, Morris Sayre, where Morris gives advice to Sam about what his next step in life should be, particularly pursuing the ministry. May 7, 1914.","Some of these letters are between other family members or letters that Samuel H. Sayre wrote to family members. Correspondents include Samuel H. Sayre's Mother, his brother, Morris Sayre and Aunts Minnie and Caroline. Most letters do not have envelopes, but in 1923 Samuel H. Sayre was living in Hampton and at the General Theological Seminary in New York City. In July 10, 1922 letter to Aunts (Aunt Minnie) while he is in Dupree, South Dakota, Samuel H. Sayre talks in depth of his experience with the Indians. A group of letters from late 1924 and early 1925 with his brother, Morris Sayre, are labeled œarguments and correspondence with Morris 1924-25 and concern their philosophy on what is needed to be a good minister. Letter from Morris Sayre to Samuel H. Sayre where he congratulates Sam on his upcoming ordination. March 13, 1926 November 24, 1926 wedding invitation of Aileen Harriet Elizabeth Renison to Armistead Claiborne Leigh, Jr. at St. Barnabas Episcopal Church in Eagle Rock, California.","Letters from Samuel H. Sayre's Mother , Morris Sayre, Marjorie Sayre, Read Sayre Letter from Read Sayre enclosing a typed poem The Passing of the Backhouse by James Whitcomb Riley. October 23, 1933 Letter from Samuel H. Sayre's Mother about Marjorie's visit. April 17, 1934. A letter from someone in Hampton, either a child or a mentally handicapped person, to his mother. April 30, 1939. (Possibly Rev. Sayre's younger brother, Daniel, who was institutionalized). McClellan Wilson, Jr., M.D. wrote to Rev. Sayre about the death of Rev. Sayre's brother, Daniel Sayre. September 12, 1939.","Many letters are from Samuel Sayre's Mother who is partially, then almost totally blind. Some of the 1946 and 1947 letters between Samuel Sayre and his brother, Morris Sayre, concern their disagreement on their Mother's care by their sister, Margaret, and their basic philosophical differences about church and Christianity.","Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he describes the death, on January 17, 1951, and the funeral of Rev. George E. Renison, Marjorie's father. January 30, 1951. Letter from Eleanor Searle to Sis and Ruth and to Sam and Marjorie about the death of Aunt Mary. July 1952. Letters from Read Sayre and about Read Sayre's death on July 9, 1952. Letter to Marjorie Sayre from Margaret Sayre Ransone, about Morris Sayre's funeral with attached note from Nancy Sayre, Morris Sayre's wife. March 20, 1953. From Bill to Mrs. Taylor Ransome (Marg) about the guardianship money of Aunt Caroline P. Morris. December 23, 1953. Church Bulletin from Saint Luke's Church, Montcair, New Jersey where it mentions the Memorial Windows Given By Sayre Family in memory of the late Senior Warden, Morris Sayre. September 19, 1954 and September 21, 1952. Letter from Bob Sayre about death of his mother, Mary Thomas Sayre, an aunt of Samuel H. Sayre. January 4, 1957. Letter from Mrs. Morris Sayre (Nancy) to Samuel H. Sayre where she talks of her deceased husband, Morris Sayre. (about 1958). Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he notes on the top margin œexperiences in (concerning) England and across U.S. on our return. September 23, 1958.","Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he notes on the top margin, œconcerning my call to Kingston Parish, Mathews, VA. November 18, 1960 Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he notes on the top margin, œlast days in Eagle Rock, Calif(ornia) and trip east to Mathews-œ. June 9, 1961 Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he comments that he went to œOld Church outside of Richmond whose rector is the grandson of Carter Braxton Bryan who baptized Samuel Sayre in 1894 and that he was elected President of the Thomas Nelson Chapter of the SAR on June 9, 1966. August 11, 1964. Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he describes his past ministry and his new parish, St. Mary's Episcopal Church in Colonial Beach, Virginia. April 3, 1966. Letter from Samuel H. Sayre where he noted on top margin of letter œThe beginning of the building of our new home. November 13, 1968.","Letters to Samuel H. Sayre from William M. Sayre (Bill), Ruth Sayre, Chabela (a niece), and Bob and letter from Samuel H. Sayre to his family.","One Letter to Samuel H. Sayre from William M. Sayre (Bill), his nephew. August 25, 1980.","Easter card from Ruth Sayre. Letter from Samuel H. Sayre's Mother. Post card from Morris Sayre in Turkey.","Each folder in this group was either organized by Samuel H. Sayre, or it was artificially organized during the accession process. Some of the correspondence was found loose in different locations and the processor felt that gathering all the correspondence together would benefit researchers.","These are letters from and to fellow priests and parishioners about his call to Kingston Parish in Mathews, Virginia. They are in chronological order. Most of this material was organized by Samuel H. Sayre, but a few pieces of correspondence congratulating him were found loose and added. Correspondents include The Rt. Rev. Robert F. Gibson of Virginia, Suffragan Bishop Samuel B. Chilton of Virginia, Bishop Coadjutor Robert F. Gibson, John Warren Cooke, Senior Warden of Kingston Parish, Bishop Francis Eric Bloy of Los Angeles, John L. E. Collier, Arthur C. Coons of Occidental College, Glenard P. Lipscomb, Bob Sayre, Rev. Richard I. S. Parker, Franklyn D. Josselyn, Margaret Sayre Ransone and the Vestry of St. Barnabas' Church. In a letter to The Rt. Rev. Robert F. Gibson, D.D., Rev. Sayre tells Rev. Gibson of his decision to œend up my ministry in Virginia. This letter also includes information about Rev. Sayre's career and Marjorie Sayre's family history. ( June 14, 1960).","These letters are with fellow priests, parishioners, and others associated with the ministry work of Samuel H. Sayre. They were organized by Rev. Samuel H. Sayre and are in chronological order. Correspondents include Valerie Scudder, Edward Aupperle, Dr. Edwin D. Woodhouse, Louis L. Turner, Lillie Anthony Sutton, Marjorie M. Schmidt, Mrs.George C. Silzer, Los Angeles Council No. 1489 - Royal Arcanum, Boys' Home in Covington, Virginia, Bishop Stevens about Consecration of St. Barnabas' Church, Rev. Sumner Walters, Margaret H. Cook, Rev. R. G. Bannen, Rev. Theodore S. Will, Christ Church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Norman Stockett, Adele Brueninghausen, Bishop Frank DeMoulin, Bishop Beverley D. Tucker of Norfolk, Virginia, Margaret C. Thomas, W. Blair Roberts, C. E. Tolkien, Rev. Arthur C. Thomson, Rev. William P. Remington, G. Frank Shelby, Ethel Plass, Presiding Bishop of Michigan, Mrs. Skipper, The Brotherhood of St. Andrew in the United States, Mrs. James Stoughton, George H. Streaker, Mrs. William Vincent and Rev. George H. Thomas.","Received in a green file box with correspondence in alphabetical order. Most correspondents' names are noted, but some are either too difficult to read or do not appear on the letter. The content and date of some letters have been noted. Even though there are a few family letters, most of the correspondence concerns Rev. Samuel H. Sayre's ministry, his church related activities, his professional activities or other personal concerns not related to his family.","Correspondents include Gertrude Jean Baker, George B. Baldwin, Barbara Barth, Harry Beal, L. Nelson Bell, Dan M. Budy, Cary R. Blain, Rt. Rev. F. Eric Bloy, Mrs. John Brearton (Virginia), Harry A. Brenner, Frank R. Brandenburg, Rt. Rev. Hunter Wyatt Brown, Bishop of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, G. Braxton Bryan, Rev. John S. Bunting, Hugh L. Burleson, Bishop of South Dakota (Includes on heading: Rev. Wm. A.R. Goodwin, D.D. Rector, St. Paul's Church, Rochester, New York), John Burt, Uncle James Carmalt, brother of William H. Carmalt, MD, Samuel H. Sayre's Great- Uncles March 16, 1916, William H. Carmalt to Annie Sayre (Mother of Samuel H. Sayre. Dated August 7, 1928) and Dwight D. Eisenhower, President of the United States (Carbon Copy. Dated March 26, 1953).","Correspondents include Howard L. Hamilton (made Samuel Sayre the Honorary Chaplain of the Virginia Society in 1979), Venerable Paul E. Langpaap, J.C. Morris (Transcript of letter written from Grassfield in March 1876 with two attachments: a December 21, 1874 financial document where citizens of Friendsville give sums for the erection of a Protestant Episcopal Church and an œOrder of Exercises for the Laying of the Corner Stone of The Church of the Holy Spirit in Friendsville, Pennsylvania on June 7, 1876), The Rt. Rev. Austin Pardue, D.D. Retired, Arthur C. Patterson, Jr., A.H. Patterson, Pi Alpha Fraternity and H. Boone Porter of The Living Church.","George H. Randall concerning Brotherhood of St. Andrew in the United States, William P. Remington, Mrs. Ringsdorf, Reliable Furniture Company, W. Blair Roberts, Albert Rose, Royal Arcanum and Paul Rusch.","Received in a green file box with correspondence in alphabetical order. When Group 1 was accessioned, the seller had removed, and filed separately, letters that were written by well known people, such as Harry F. Byrd, a Virginia Senator and President Franklin D. Roosevelt. These letters were returned to the file in A-Z order, but they are noted in the list of correspondents. Most correspondents' names are noted, but some are either too difficult to read or do not appear on the letter. The content and date of some letters have been noted. Also, some letters have a note by Rev. Samuel H. Sayre along the top margin where he gives an explanation about the letter or letter writer. These notes appear to have been added at a later date rather than at the time of receipt. Possibly, Rev. Sayre went through his professional correspondence and kept items that reflect the variety of his ministry. Even though there are a few family letters, most of the correspondence concerns Rev. Samuel H. Sayre's ministry, his church related activities, his professional activities or other personal concerns not related to his family.","Correspondents include John H. Allen and John M. Allin.","Correspondents include Rev. John Baden, Rev. Carroll C. Barbour, Bard College, Eugene F. Barnes, Wallace T. Bennett, Estelle Billups, Francis E. Bloy, Wyatt Brown, John Burt, Harry F. Byrd, U.S. Senator from Virginia and James F. Byrnes, Governor of South Carolina.","Correspondents include Hester Campbell, Uncle James Carmalt (brother of W. H. Carmalt, M.D., Samuel H. Sayre's Great Uncle) This letter includes some family history in an attached letter to Samuel H. Sayre's Mother from W.H. Carmalt, Edwin R. Carter, Samuel B. Chilton, Church Periodical Club, C. M. Clement, George H. Clendenin, J. Morris Coerr, J. H. H. Coleman, Maurice M. Copebaack (difficult to read), Charles Cove, II, Rev. Charles S. Cook, Jr., John Warren Cooke, Ruth Cotter (Mrs. Richard Comfort Cotter), Earl S. Cox, H. H. Cowan and Betty Healy Cutler.","Correspondents include Pierre Daltour, Thomas C. Darst, Bishop George Davenport, George M. Day, Whittney Diggs, Thomas N. Downing, Charles B. Dubell and Frank Du Moulin.","Correspondents include Mrs. William S. Edgar (Cousin Debbie Edgar), Eagle Rock Ministerial Association, Kenny and Frances Ferguson, David Lincoln Ferris, Rev. Frank Foote and Gordon M. Fothergill.","Correspondents include Roy S. Gaskill, General Theological Seminary in New York, Bob Gibson, Barry Goldwater, U.S. Senator from Arizona, Rev. Robert Burton Gooden (Bishop), Bishop Gore, Rt. Rev. John J. Gravatt and George P. Gunn.","Correspondents include Thomas J. Haldeman, Rev. J. D. Hall (a January 22 letter where he recommends The College of William and Mary), Francis J. Hall, Robert B. Hall, E. H. Halton, David S. Hamilton, Rick Hammond, Blake B. Hammond, Earl W. Haney, Bert H. Harper, M.D., Justice Albertis S. Harrison, Jr., Isaac Hartshorne, M.D., The Very Rev. J. Thomas Heistand, Gladys Hill, Hillspeak , Joan Hunley, Charles A. Junken, Edith Junken and Elizabeth Junken (note says, œmy earliest sweetheart).","Correspondents include Richard Kennedy, George Edwin Kidd, James Jackson Kilpatrick, Mrs. (Ellen) Stanley King, Mabel P. Knapp, Paul H. Kratzip, Russell Lamson, Mary Florence Lawson, Charles E. Levering, Little, Glenard P. Lipscomb, The Living Church and Los Angeles Dean of Pasadena Convention.","Correspondents include Raymond C. Mackay, Bill Major, Rev. Thomas R. Marshall, H.C. Martin, Mathew County (Virginia) Historical Society, George N. Maybe, Rickard H. McKee, Lucy Mehl, Polly Meredith, Rev. Newton Middleton, Rev. John Miles, Phil Moore, R. Walton Moore, H. A. Mosher and Gladys M. Murray.","Includes a group of 1901 letters concerning Miss Mary C. Morris and a letter from Grandmother Morris. Correspondents include Grandmother Morris, Clara L. Morris - Cousin of Samuel H. Sayre who lives in Australia in 1957, Aunt Minnie Morris (Mary Cox Morris), Aunt Caroline Morris and Dwight B. Morris from Tombstone, Arizona.","Correspondents include David C. Narver, National Association of Manufacturers, Rev. Frederick W. Neve, New Age, Occidental College, Mrs. Robert W. Orrell and Edgar C. Outten who encloses an obituary of Miss Mary Sims, Postmaster at Hampton Virginia 1952.","Rev. E. Moray Peoples, Jr., Pi Alpha Fraternity, Ronald Reagan, Governor of California (dated 1974 and during 1980 Presidential Campaign), Robert A. Robertson, Harold Barrett Robinson, Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States (dated September 23, 1935) and Royal Arcanum.","Correspondents include Saint John's Church, Hampton, Virginia (signed by Francis W. Hayes, Jr.), Society of the Cincinnati, New York State, C. J. Sanford, William L. Scott, Senator of Virginia, Valerie Scudder, C. Vernon Spratley, Margaret Matoaka Sims and Stratford Hall.","Dorothea Taft, Mrs. Charles E. Tolkien, Governor and Mrs. George C. Wallace, Governor of Alabama, Mrs. R. E. White, George Wickersham and Bishop S. Walters (note in letter from Mrs. Mordecai L. Marsh, Jr. dated April 16, 1947).","Commerce, Assistant Secretary of State about recommendation for Dr. Wilson Leon Godshall; Lewis Tepel; Don Kaufman; Rev. Charles Friend, the Pastor during Samuel H. Sayre's Father's illness and death; Frances R. Vance (Mother Vance), the mother of Edward Vance, who writes about Samuel H. Sayre's help to her son while her son was dying in the military hospital. They correspond for many years; Van (St. Clair Vannix) from Vermillion, South Dakota who wrote his nine page letter as a poem; Rev. E. B. Woodruff; Harvey from Maine, Samuel H. Sayre's roommate at Saint Stephen's College; Don, a friend from school; Winifred Vogan, Aunt of Stuart Gast; The Secretary of the President of the United States who says The President cannot meet with Samuel H. Sayre on the date mentioned; Wm. T. Christian, secretary of the Junior Brotherhood of St. Andrews; W. Floyd Reams who encloses a Supreme Council Badge from Richmond, Virginia; Lechner Family; and œIn Memoriam poems for Bishop Burleson by Mrs. Dora Claire Vannix.","Most of this group of papers was found loose during processing except where noted. This series includes genealogy information for the Sayre, Morris, Carmalt and Renison families, plus obituaries, news articles, legal records and biographies of members of these families.","A day by day book, published in December 1914 for the Members of the Bible Class of the St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. Rev. Samuel H. Sayre noted family birthdays, wedding anniversaries and important events of his family.","Letter from George T. Renison of Great Britain to Revd Canon Renison concerning Renison family. August 30, 1928","Scope and Contents Letter from George T. Renison of Great Britain to Revd Ganon Renison concerning Renison family. August 30, 1928. This group includes letters, charts and notes on the genealogy of the Morris Family, the Sayre Family and the Carmalt Family. Carbon copy of a typed letter written from Butternuts by Jacob, son of Lewis Morris, Signer of the Declaration of Independence. January 1, 1838 Post card with a picture of the signers of the Declaration of Independence (1927) Genealogy of the Annie Morris Sayre branch of the Morris Family from Lewis Morris, the Signer of the Declaration of Independence (1937) Letter to Mrs. Annie Morris Sayre from œDescendants of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence conferring œComplimentary Membership, dated June 17, 1937. Envelope, postmarked November 2, 1959, with notes to Bill Sayre probably by Samuel H. Sayre. Attached is a family history of the œSayre Family beginning with John Sayre born June 4, 1938 in New York City. There is also a photo of Morris Sayre from a publication dated 1948. Letter to William M. Sayre and others from John of Drinker, Biddle and Reath of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania regarding the attached A History of Choconut Lake Cemetery Association which began in 1827 by Caleb Carmalt. October 24, 1967. Carmalt Family notes on envelope dated April 15, 1968. Letter to Bill Sayre from Margaret Sayre about the Morris Family, particularly Annie Woolsey Morris Sayre. Christmas 1970. List of photographs of Morris ancestors from Margaret Sayre Ransone to Samuel H. Sayre. undated.","Scope and Contents Mrs. George Edward Renison, Mother of Marjorie Renison Sayre, died January 22, 1964. Dr. Lewis Rutherfurd Morris undated. Mary Cox Morris (Aunt of Samuel Sayre and sister to his mother) undated. Annie Woolsey Morris Sayre (Mother of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre, Jr.) 1948. Includes her obituary from various newspapers which tell of her involvement in DAR. James W. Carmalt (Great Uncle of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre, Jr.) 1937.","Newspaper article on Margaret Ransone, sister of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre, when she became 1976 Peninsula Woman of the Year by the Junior Women's Club 1976. Program from the University of Chicago Alumni Association giving an Award Citation to Margaret Sayre Ransone, A.M. 1929 May 20, 1978. Bulletin from St. John's Church in Hampton, Virginia with note by Margaret S. Ransone. March 11, 1979.","Final Report of Charles Read Sayre, Executor of Estate of Mrs. Annie M. Sayre, Deceased. (November 30, 1948).","This group of letters, photographs, and obituaries were grouped by Rev. Samuel H. Sayre and were accessioned in a used manila envelope with the handwritten note: Life History of Annie Morris Sayre. This folder contains the following: Editorial about Mrs. Samuel H. Sayre from the July 31, 1948 Daily Press, Newport News, VA. Obituaries of Mrs. Annie Woolsey Morris Sayre (1948) Notice of funeral service for Mrs. Annie Woolsey Morris Sayre. (1948) Society news about where the Sayre families are going after being in Hampton (Virginia) because of the death of their Mother, Mrs. S. H. Sayre. (1948) Copy of a photograph of Caleb Carmalt with a separate note: œCaleb Carmalt in his own handwriting. A print copy of the only likeness he ever sat for or allowed to be taken. About the early 1840's. Letter from Morris Sayre to Sam Sayre, dated December 16, 1943, enclosing: Letter to Morris Sayre from Margaret S. Ransone about their Mother, Anna Woolsey Morris Sayre, gleaned from conversations, memories and their Mother's diary, dated November 18, 1943 and photographs of portraits of Governor Lewis Morris, 1st Lord of the Manor, Chief Justice of New York, First Governor of New Jersey; Lewis Morris, 2d Lord of the Manor, Judge of the High Court of Admiralty, General Lewis Morris; 3d Lord of the Manor, Signer of the Declaration of Independence and Mary Walton, Wife of General Lewis Morris, œThe Signer.","Grand Council Royal Arcanum of Virginia announcement of the death of Samuel Huntting Sayre, Sr., the thank you letter of Samuel Hunting Sayre, Sr. for the kindness of the members during his illness and copy of the Royal Arcanum Bulletin about Samuel Huntting Sayre, Sr.'s death.","Copy and transcript of the 1669 will of Thomas Sayre.","Stock information, real estate, life insurance and copy of the death record of Eleanor Sayre Searle.","Material on estate of Mary E. Sayre, including her assets and will. Eleanor Sayre Searle was one of the administrators of Mary E. Sayre's will. Includes life insurance policy for Eleanor Sayre.","Deeds, Death Record, Wills of Eleanor S. Searle and William B. Searle, Tax Information, Life Insurance, stock information, December 23, 1966 Wall Street with last market quotations before Eleanor Searle died on December 24, 1966, empty envelopes - some with notes, bank statements, power of attorney from Eleanor Sayre Searle to William Baum Searle, dated August 22, 1966 and other legal documents. Her lawyer was Richard C. Cotter of Mathews, Virginia.","Deed, Lawyers Title Insurance and correspondence.","This series includes photographs of Rev. Sayre's family, his churches, his parishioners and friends.","Rev. Charles Dubell.","Includes Funeral Program and letter for C. Lee Narver, 1955.","This series contains Rev. Sayre's bills, receipts, brochures, guidebooks, schedules, church bulletins, newspapers, cruise information and other material from his trips to Europe and across the United States.","Includes maps, railroad schedules, bus schedules, airline schedules, hotel pamphlets, brochures and guidebooks.","Includes maps, railroad schedules, bus schedules, airline schedules, hotel pamphlets, brochures and guidebooks.","Includes maps, railroad schedules, bus schedules, airline schedules, hotel pamphlets, brochures and guidebooks.","Includes maps, railroad schedules, bus schedules, airline schedules, hotel pamphlets, brochures and guidebooks.","Brochures about The White House, Abraham Lincoln and The Rolfe Property, plus a hotel sign, œIf you smoke in bed please tell us Where to send your ashes!","St. Paul's Church in Toronto, St. Paul's Cathedral in London and Westminster Abbey in London, Church of the Annunciation in London, The Cathedral Church of Christ, Canterbury, 1958.","Includes Cunard Line route, menus and a list of passengers on trip from Montreal to Europe, June 27th, 1958.","Newspaper issues and newspaper clippings published in London including the Daily Telegraph and Morning Post, Church Times, London Times, the London Observer and The Sunday Express.","Includes a packet of etchings of places in England.","The Countryman Winter 1967/68 Historic Houses and Castles in Great Britain and Northern Ireland 1958","April 1948 National Geographic article œFounders of Virginia. April 1949 National Geographic with article œThe British Way.","Scope and Contents What to Look for in an Old Church by J. Hope Urwin 1957 Twice Upon a Time by Brother Edward undated Anglican Life, Vol. 19, No. 3 April 1958","Stationery from different hotels.","These items were found loose in the collection, but focus mainly on his personal life. The folders include his address book, financial records, memorabilia and other personal items.","Insurance Receipts for Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York. Empty envelopes from West Bank and Trust Co.","Scope and Contents Paper signs that were put on Samuel Sayre's door when he was sick. undated Cutout of a rabbit. Placemat of State Flowers. Receipt and shipping label for a group of sculptures from Switzerland. July 1956.","Two $10 Shares dated 1921.","Includes April 27, 1961 Gazette-Journal of Gloucester and Mathews Garden Week Issue.","These items accessioned in a manila envelope with œTombstone Arizona Material written across the top and include newspapers, newspaper clippings and a menu. Menu from Wagon Wheel Restaurant, Tombstone, Arizona These articles have not been copied for preservation. Shades of 1881, Britain's Own Wyatt Earp Planning Visit To Haunts of Namesake, The Tombstone Epitaph, August 23, 1973 Souvenir Edition, The Tombstone Epitaph, 1974 Bisbee Review, April 10, 1975. Column by Don Pelon is circled. Helldorado Fever Strikes Old Camp, The Tombstone Epitaph, October 17, 1975. Handwritten note by (Rev. Samuel H. Sayres) œI conducted a communion service here on October¦ Copper Runs Out but Mining Town Refuses to Die, byline from Bisbee, Arizona, Los Angeles Times, March 8, 1976. Helldorado celebration draw crowd of thousands, byline from Tombstone, from Herald-Dispatch, Sierra Vista, Arizona, October 20, 1975. 1978 Special Helldorado Edition, The Tombstone Epitaph, October 13, 1978.","This series includes material related to Rev. Sayre's ministry, such as church bulletins, employment information, professional organizations, information on his parishes and parishioners, news clippings and printed or published material that relate to his position as a rector.","Clippings of the column by Horace L. Varian and Horace L. Varian, Jr. of Ammidon and Company from The Living Church publication.","St. John's Church, Richmond, Virginia March 19, 1978 St. John's Church, Elizabeth City Parish, Hampton, Virginia March 19, 1978","Includes correspondence and material concerning employment and ministerial related matters and organizations such as contracts, retirement, resignations, salaries and licenses. Correspondence concerning his ministerial work, whether personal or business, has been filed under Correspondence - Ministry Related. Lay Reader's License Authorization to conduct services in Norfolk Navy Yard to United States Navy seamen. December 13, 1917. Lay Readers License from the Diocese of New York for Samuel H. Sayre. November 7, 1919. To Rev. Lewis Nichols, Diocese of Harrisburg (Pennsylvania) from Rev. Samuel Sayre, St. Mary's Church Rectory in Williamsport, Pennsylvania . September 6, 1930. Rev. Samuel Sayre submitting resignation as Secretary of the Diocese of Harrisburg. Resignation as Secretary of the Diocese of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. October, 1930. Employment correspondence with St. John's Church of Bellefonte, Pennsylvania. July1938. Letters to the Vestry of the Church of Our Saviour, Montoursville, Pennsylvania and the Vestry of St. Mary's Church in Williamsport, Pennsylvania from (Samuel H. Sayre) where he severs official relations with them. July 21, 1938. Vestry of Kingston Parish resolution that the Reverend Samuel Huntting Sayre will reach the canonical age of mandatory retirement in the Protestant Episcopal Church. December 18, 1965.","Adaptation of a page from the 1455 Gutenberg Bible.","Picture of 1964 Confirmation Class 1971 Treasurer's Report Photo of girls in capes and banners from Kingston Parish. September 1983","List of Payments for all the churches in the Los Angeles Diocese.","An Open Letter to Boys and Girls in view of Children's Sunday, 1903 by Fred. Stuart Kirkness, Convention Daily in Detroit Michigan, September 25, 1961, The American Legion Magazine. Article on surrender ceremonies of Japan on the USS Missouri. August 1975, The Episcopal Review. The main article is about the induction of Rt. Rev. Robert Claflin Rusack as the fourth Bishop of Los Angeles. February 1974.","Scope and Contents Farewell Sermon and Ordination as Deacon at St. John's in Newport News, Virginia. 1925. Appointment as Dean of the Pasadena Convocation of the Diocese of Los Angeles. 1954. Resignation from St. Barnabus' Church in Eagle Rock and new appointment to Kingston Parish, Mathews, VA. 1961. California Clergyman Takes Mathew Paris. 1961. Rev. Samuel H. Sayre is Chaplain of the Sons of the American Revolution and received a Silver Good Citizenship Medal from SAR. 1978. Mother's Day Sermon. undated. Sayre Guest at St Luke's in Richmond, Virginia for month of August. No year.","Obituary of William E. Zimmer.","This group includes invitations, church bulletins, news clippings, church publications and telegrams. Elizabeth City Parish News and Bible Class Bulletin with notice that Bishop Mathews gave Samuel Sayre a Lay Readers license. December 15, 1915. The Weekly Letter of St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia April 19th to April 26th, 1925. Under Notes an announcement that Samuel Huntting Sayre will be ordained as Deacon. Invitation by the Bishop of South Dakota and the Rector and Vestry of Saint John's Church, Hampton, Virginia to the Ordering as Deacon of Samuel Huntting Sayre. First Sunday After Easter, 1925. Order of Service Bulletin of St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia, First Sunday After Easter, 1925. Ordering of Samuel Huntting Sayre as Deacon. Congratulatory telegrams from Katherine Maycock and C.C. Morris. April 25, 1925. Press Clippings about March 18, 1925 Ordination. St. John's Bible Class Bulletin which mentions Samuel Huntting Sayre Ordained as Deacon on April 19, 1925 at St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. Photo of Rev. Sayre on front of Bulletin. May 10, 1925. The Weekly Letter, St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. Under Notes, an announcement that Rev. Samuel Sayre will preach his farewell sermon to St. John's Church, Hampton. July 12th to July 19th, 1925. The Weekly Letter, St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. March 14th to March 21st, 1926. Under Notes, an announcement that Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre will be ordained to the Priesthood in St. John's Church on Thursday, March 18th. Formal invitation to the ordination of The Rev. Samuel Hunting Sayre, Priest on March 18, 1926. Order of Service Bulletin of St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia , March 18, 1926. Ordering of Samuel Huntting Sayre as Priest. The Weekly Letter of St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia, March 21st to March 28th, 1926. Under Notes, an announcement that Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre will hold his first celebration of the Holy Communion at the early Service this morning.","Poems from Rev. Newton Middleton of Church of the Good Shepherd in Norfolk, from The Living Church and from Rev. John Gaynor Banks of the Fellowship of St. Luke in San Diego, California. Poems of Life and Love by Emily Pinter Asher given to Marjorie Sayre by Emily Asher.","Scope and Contents Christian Nurture Series sheet with a list and descriptions of work books for Junior and Junior High School Pupils. undated. Brochure of the Historic Saint Peter's Protestant Episcopal Church in New Kent County, Virginia. undated. The Holy Catholic Church on The Doctrines of the Apostles' Creed by Theodore O. Wedel. undated. Ours is the Responsibility, an address given at the National Convention of the Girls' Friendly Society at Berea, Kentucky. June 27, 1942. Fiftieth Anniversary of the Laying of the Foundation Stone of St. Margaret's Protestant Episcopal Church in New York. 1944. If I Marry a Roman Catholic by National Council of the Churches of Christ. 1945. Chapter DA of P.E.O. in Eagle Rock, California. 1951-52. Lest We Forget by Robert B. Watts. October 1968.","Part of a St. John's Church Bulletin that has a picture of and an article by Samuel H. Sayre concerning his summers in the West. January, 15, 1922. The Living Church article by Samuel H. Sayre entitled œThe Church and Government Hospitals. April 25, 1925. St. Andrew's Cross article by Samuel Huntting Sayre, œWanted: A Man about needing people for missions in the West. (1926). The New Age article œThe Word ˜Catholic' in June 1952 issue. The Living Church editorial published August 19, 1973. The Living Church, January 29, 1978 Per note on cover, the important items in this issue are œa letter to Aunt Josephine and my letter to the Editor. The Living Church editorial, œThe Old Days in South Dakota published April 9, 1978. The Living Church editorial, œLoves TLC published February 25, 1979.","1939 Easter Communicant List Photographs, Easter 1941. 1944 label offering reduction of Parish debt 1952 invitation. Addresses of Parishioners from St. Barnabus Church.","Letter from Rev. William Westover about the history of St. James Mission in Mobridge, South Dakota.","July 1, 1930 letter about St. Mary's Church 50th Anniversary.","Scope and Contents Notation on front of manila envelope says œThis should be kept in case that Pi Alpha Fraternity and Tau Delta Alpha should ever be reinstated as a national church organization. Pi Alpha ritual book str in box in pump house. Guide entitled Ritual of the Tau Delta Alpha Sorority undated. Authorization for St. Barnabas Church, Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California to be part of the Los Angeles Alpha Chapter. undated.","1952 Annual Report of the Woman's Auxiliary to the National Council of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America, Diocese of Los Angeles. 1952 Officers' Handbook of Diocese of Arkansas","This series has been divided into sermons given by Rev. Sayre and sermons given by other ministers.","Scope and Contents Rev. Sayre's sermons arrived loose, and have been grouped by date, if dated, by number, if numbered, and by size of paper if undated. The sermons by others might include some sermons by Rev. Sayre.","Notes by Rev. Samuel H. Sayre.","These sermons have been numbered by Rev. Sayre.","Scope and Contents Folder one of two that contain undated sermons.","Scope and Contents Folder two of two that contain undated sermons.","These papers appear to be notes, outlines and full copies of sermons given by other ministers. Some of them could possibly be sermons given by Samuel H. Sayre. Some of the papers have a topic written along the top margin and note hymns sung. It is difficult to tell if the original order was by these topics, by date order, or another order, but they have been placed in date order. Because of the fragile condition of the paper on which these notes are handwritten, some of them have been photocopied. The originals are filed with the photocopies. Some of the names on the papers who are noted as deliverers of a sermon include Rev. Belliss, Rev. Bonacker, Rev. Holmes, Rev. Walker, Rev. White and others. Rev. F.C. Benson Belliss, Rev. Ralph Bonacker and Rev. Pierce Butler were the clergy for St. Paul's Church in Chicago, Illinois in the Summer of 1938.","Scope and Contents Sermon entitled œAn Instructed Eucharist, undated but œreceived 10/31/1975. Sermon by Rev. Conrad H. Goodwin at St. John's in Hampton, Virginia on August 18, but no year noted.","The 1918 to 1963 diaries tell mainly of Rev. Sayre's day to day activities and usually include letters he has written and received, where he gone, when he naps, and people he meets if they include family and close friends. He often notes where he eats his meals, what time he rises, and what he is reading. After his marriage in 1938, his entries become a little fuller. When he is visiting his family, he goes into a little more detail, but still sticks to the facts. His train and automobile trips across country are usually interesting. Very rarely does he share his feelings, though he might comment if a letter was wonderful, a meal great, a death hard on a family or how great it is to be back at college or at his old home or with Marjorie after a separation. There are addresses, notes, accounts, Christmas lists and book lists in the back of many of the early diaries. In most of the diaries, he will note in the top margin if he changes locations, particularly for an overnight stay or a trip and when he moves. Years 1953 to October 1, 1959 are missing.","He is in the U.S. Naval Reserve Force, stationed near Hampton, and is discharged on August 28, 1919. Throughout the year, he has dental problems plus has his appendix removed in June.","He begins college at St. Stephens on August 18, 1919. He tells about his classes and grades and his membership in Tu Sigma Alpha Epsilon. St. Stephens College is now Bard College.","He is at St. Stephens during the school year and goes to Camp Houghteling and Mobridge, South Dakota during the summer.","He is at St. Stephens during the school year and completes his studies. He goes to Mobridge and Fort Yates, South Dakota during the summer.","September 26, 1922, Rev. Sayre enters the General Theological Seminary in New York City as a candidate for the ministry under Bishop Burleson and spends his summer in Sioux Falls, South Dakota doing missionary work.","He is at General Theological Seminary in New York City during the school year and at Church of Incarnation, Dallas, South Dakota during the summer. He preaches his first sermon on June 24, 1923.","He is at General Theological Seminary in New York City during the school year and spends the summer in Hampton and visiting relatives.","He is at General Theological Seminary in New York City during the school year. On April 19, 1925 he is ordained a Deacon at St. John's Church in Hampton, Virginia by Bishop Burleson, the bishop of South Dakota. August 2, 1925 is his first Sunday in his First Parish in Mobridge, South Dakota. He meets Marjorie Renison, his future wife, sometime in the fall.","On March 6, 1926 he mentions his feelings for œMiss Renison. He is ordained by Rt. Rev. Arthur Conover Thompson at St. John's Church in Hampton, Virginia on March 18, 1926. At St. John's Church, he celebrates his first Holy Eucharist as a Priest on March 21, 1926. He writes on April 5 that he œsealed his engagement with Miss Marjorie Renison.","In April he left South Dakota to go assist Dr. George Thomas of St. Paul's Church in Kenwood, Chicago, Illinois. On April 7, 1927 he notes on top margin, œImportant - my ideas¦","January 31 was Rev. Sayre's last day at St. Paul's Church. March 5 Rev. Sayre received official call from St. Mary's Church, Williamsport, Pennsylvania and The Church of Our Saviour in Montoursville, Pennsylvania. April 1 Rev. Sayre began at St. Mary's Church and The Church of Our Saviour. Continues to write Marjorie Renison, but doesn't visit.","Notes his daily schedule which includes visits to hospital, where he ate dinner, and who he writes, but doesn't mention parishioners names unless he does something socially with them. Continues to write Marjorie Renison, but doesn't visit.","Notes his daily schedule which includes visits to hospital, where he ate dinner, and who he writes, but doesn't mention parishioners names unless he does something socially with them. Continues to write Marjorie Renison, but doesn't visit.","Notes his daily schedule which includes visits to hospital, where he ate dinner, and who he writes, but doesn't mention parishioners names unless he does something socially with them. Continues to write Marjorie Renison, but doesn't visit. Rev. Sayre's 38th Birthday is on December 18.","Notes his daily schedule which includes visits to hospital, where he ate dinner, and who he writes, but doesn't mention parishioners names unless he does something socially with them. Continues to write Marjorie Renison, but doesn't visit.","A May 27, 1933 program œHistorical Pageant œEvents in the History of the Episcopal Church in The United States of America¦ given at Christ Church, Media Pennsylvania is in front of diary. On August 18, Rev. Sayre arrives in Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California where Marjorie Renison and her family live. Rev. Sayre and Marjorie Renison go to Laguna Beach together and stay almost a week. Rev. Sayre writes œIt's wonderful to be here alone with Miss Renison and on August 19th, Rev. Sayre writes œ¦I kissed and hugged Marjorie in the gallery. On August 30, Rev. Sayre visits Edward Vance's grave, the young man who died while Rev. Sayre cared for him when he was in the Naval Reserve Force.","This folder also has newspaper clippings of the September 1933 engagement and the January 13, 1934 wedding in St. John's Episcopal Church in Hampton, Virginia of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre and Marjorie Renison. On June 19th, Marjorie goes on a visit to California and returns September 26. Rev. Sayre goes to conference in Virginia in early July, then to Hampton until mid August. On October 11, Rev. Sayre changed his Life Insurance policies over to Marjorie and borrows money to furnish living room.","Slips of sheet music are in the back of the diary.","Post cards and addresses are in front of the diary. On March 18th the town of Williamsport flooded, including downtown, churches and homes. He goes into detail about the damage on March 20th. On August 3, at the end of a trip to Colorado, Marjorie heads to Los Angeles and Rev. Sayre drives to Pennsylvania. Marjorie returns November 24th.","Rev. Sayre includes January 1 through 9, 1938 at end of diary. A letter from Charles Lavery, enclosing a carbon copy of his letter to Rt. Rev. Irving Peake Johnson, is with the diary plus a few news clippings, a list of publications, possibly ones that Rev. Sayre receives and a letter that accompanied a salary check.","Beginning in 1938, Rev. Sayre uses a journal instead of a one year diary. In front of the diary are news clippings, notes, articles, letters and flyers. One flyer is for Altar Wines from James Moroney of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and one clipping announces his resignation from St. Mary's Episcopal Church on October 1 to become rector of St. John's Church, Bellefonte and gives a brief biography of his ministry up to that point. He begins the new larger diary œ¦giving a fuller and more detailed account of my daily activities¦of my personal impressions of people, places and things and events, too¦ Rev. Sayre then summarizes his other diaries, beginning with 1917. He divides the earlier diaries into œBabyhood, œBoyhood, œYouth and œYoung Manhood periods. He gives more detail of events that he recorded in these early diaries, such as a conflict with Dr. George Thomas of St. Paul's Church in Kenwood, Chicago and the effects of the Depression on St. Mary's Church in Pennsylvania. On Page 10, he gives a wonderful description of Marjorie Renison Sayre, his wife. The 1938 diary begins his œManhood period. His early entries are more in depth and personal, even giving detail of things that happened in the past, or people, such as his Mother, but he quickly reverts to just telling of his daily activities with few personal touches. Rev. Sayre mentions listening to the new presiding Bishop, Rt. Rev. Henry St. George Tucker of Virginia, on the radio on New Year's Day, 1938. He writes œRev. Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin of Williamsburg, Virginia on January 10, 1938 and spends the day with him on April 27, 1938. Gives resignation to St. Mary's Church and The Church of Our Saviour and meets with Vestry of both churches on July 21, 1938. On September 29, 1938, Marjorie and Samuel Sayre move to Bellefonte, Pennsylvania where he is the new Priest of St. John's Episcopal Church. June 8, 1939 Rev. Sayre receives official call to become rector of St. Barnabas Church, Eagle Rock, California where he would succeed his father-in-law, Rev. George E. Renison. On June 13th, he talks to his Mother about it. He hands in his resignation at the St. John's Vestry meeting on July 31, 1939. His last service was on Sunday, October 1 and he began October 15th at St. Barnabas. Grandmother Renison is to live with them in the Parish House per October 23rd entry. On August 18, 1939, Rev. Sayre and his family, while he is visiting Newport News, learn that his brother, Dan, who has been in the State Institution in Pennhurst near Spring City, Pennsylvania due to a brain injury at birth, is ill. He dies on August 19, 1939. Talks about his parents on January 20, 1937.","This volume has postcards of hotels and other notes scattered throughout it. Begins on January 1, 1940 where he writes of eventually wanting to retire in Virginia. He gives detail of his cross country trip to Virginia in the summer of 1940. He mentions first blackout in Los Angeles, California on December 10, 1941, a few days after Pearl Harbor on December 7.","The folder includes a sermon, letters, clippings, list of people's names with death and baptismal dates, church bulletins, and programs from the Occidental College Art Series. They have been placed in a separate folder in front of the diary and the date where they were located noted. On March 4, 1945, Rev. Sayre writes that St. Barnabas' Church was consecrated. He mentions on August 14, 1945 that Japan accepted the surrender terms of the Allies and the city went wild. He had a œVision After Victory special service on August 19, 1945. On January 28, 1946, Rev. Sayre writes that his Mother and sister Margaret and husband returned to Hampton where they rented an apartment. They had lived in Salem, Virginia during the war years to be away from the Atlantic Coast.","Rev. Sayre's Mother dies on July 29, 1948 while he is at Orkney Springs, Virginia. On this date, Rev. Sayre inserted a copy of a letter to Marjorie's parents where he talks of the funeral. In late July and August, the Sam and Marjorie Sayre travel along the west coast. Many postcards and flyers were inserted between these pages.","There is a hole (mouse nibble) between pages 109 and 195, but very little writing is affected. On December 3, 1950, there is a dedication service for the Canon Robert Renison Memorial Parish House, named in honor of Marjorie's grandfather. Marjorie's father, Rev. George E. Renison, died on January 17, 1951.","Rev. Sayre receives a call to become rector of Kingston Parish, Mathews, Virginia on September 6, 1960. On November 15, 1960, Rev. Sayre notes that he œtendered his resignation as rector of St. Barnabas' Church as of January 16, 1961 because of a call from Kingston Parish, Mathews, Virginia. On January 21, 1961, Rev. Sayre renewed his priesthood vows at St. Barnabas. His last Sunday as Rector was February 12, 1961. Rev. Sayre writes about everything he and Marjorie did as they prepared to move to Virginia such as packing and the last vestry meeting, then writes of their trip and all the things they did when they finally arrived in Mathews. November 19, 1962, Rev. Sayre tells about a disappointing Vestry meeting. He is 69 on December 18, 1962."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Carmalt family","Morris family","Renison family","Sayre family"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carmalt family","Morris family","Renison family","Sayre family"],"famname_ssim":["Carmalt family","Morris family","Renison family","Sayre family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":186,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:24:45.199Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9039_c01_c05"}},{"id":"viw_viw00272_c01_c01_c05","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Family and Family Matters Correspondence","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_viw00272_c01_c01_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_viw00272_c01_c01_c05","ref_ssm":["viw_viw00272_c01_c01_c05"],"id":"viw_viw00272_c01_c01_c05","ead_ssi":"viw_viw00272","_root_":"viw_viw00272","_nest_parent_":"viw_viw00272_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_viw00272_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["viw_viw00272","viw_viw00272_c01","viw_viw00272_c01_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_viw00272","viw_viw00272_c01","viw_viw00272_c01_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Title:: Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers\t1874-19891920-1960","Item","Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Title:: Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers\t1874-19891920-1960","Item","Correspondence"],"text":["Title:: Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers\t1874-19891920-1960","Item","Correspondence","Family and Family Matters Correspondence","box 1","Sub-Series 5"],"title_filing_ssi":"Family and Family Matters Correspondence","title_ssm":["Family and Family Matters Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Family and Family Matters Correspondence"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1890-1989"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1890/1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Family and Family Matters Correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Title:: Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers\t1874-19891920-1960"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":11,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":25,"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"containers_ssim":["box 1","Sub-Series 5"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#4","timestamp":"2026-05-21T15:03:40.568Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_viw00272","ead_ssi":"viw_viw00272","_root_":"viw_viw00272","_nest_parent_":"viw_viw00272","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/wm/viw00272.xml","title_ssm":["Title:: Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers\t1874-19891920-1960"],"title_tesim":["Title:: Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers\t1874-19891920-1960"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01/Mss. Acc. 2007.43"],"text":["01/Mss. Acc. 2007.43","Title:: Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers\t1874-19891920-1960","Episcopal Church--Clergy.","Episcopal Church--Virginia--Clergy--20th century.","Genealogy","Pamphlets","Postcards.","Correspondence","Diaries","Photographs","Programs","Sermons","Collection is open to all researchers.","Some of the material was already arranged by Rev. Sayre and his order was maintained.  The rest of the collection was grouped into Correspondence, Family, Photographs, Travel, Personal, Ministry, Sermons and Diaries.  When possible, material was organized chronologically.","Samuel H. Sayre, Jr. was born in Hampton, Virginia, the son of Annie Woolsey Morris  and Samuel H. Sayre, Sr.  He is descended from Lewis Morris, a Signer of the Declaration of Independence.  He served in the Hospital Corp Service of the Navy until August 28, 1919 when he began his studies to be an Episcopal priest. On September 18, 1919, he entered St. Stephen’s College, Annandale-on-Hudson and graduated in spring 1922.  Between September 26, 1922 and spring 1925, he studied at the General Theological Seminary in New York City as a candidate for the ministry and as a postulant of Bishop Burleson, spending the summers in the Mission field of South Dakota.He served as a priest in South Dakota, Chicago, Pennsylvania, California and Virginia.  He married Marjorie Mae Renison on January 13, 1934 in St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. His parish of St. Barnabas in Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California was begun by his wife's Grandfather, Canon Renison, as a Mission Church and Rev. Sayre took over the Parish from his Father-in-Law, Rev. George Edward Renison.  Dates and Parishes:August 2, 1925 to April 1927\tSt. James Mission in Mobridge, South Dakota (Rev. Sayre's first parish),April, 1927 to January 31, 1928 St. Paul’s Church in Kenwood, Chicago,April 1, 1928 to September 30, 1938\tSt. Mary’s Episcopal Church, Williamsport, Pennsylvania and The Church of Our Savior in Montoursville, Pennsylvania,October 1, 1938 to October 1, 1939\tSt. John’s Episcopal Church, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania,October 15, 1939 to January 15, 1961\tSt. Barnabas’ Church, Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California,February 1, 1961 Kingston Parish, Mathews, Virginia andby April 3, 1966St. Mary’s Episcopal Church, Colonial Beach, Virginia.He is a 32nd degree Mason, member of the Royal Arcanum and Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fraternities. Other honors include Dean of Convocation of Pasadena, 1955-1959 andChaplain to Bishop Bloy of Los Angeles, 1951-1961. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003ca href=\"http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr.\"\u003ehttp://scrc.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr.\u003c/a\u003e.","Accessioned and processed by Anne T. Johnson in 2007.","Personal, family and ministerial correspondence of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre.  His personal diaries from 1918 to 1963, his sermons and notes are included in this collection.  There are family and other personal photographs and many postcard and tourist packet photographs from his trips to Europe and his automobile trips from California to Virginia.  Publication material includes church bulletins, news clippings, tourist pamphlets, magazines and others.  His family correspondence possibly has more personal information than his diaries.  His diaries are often a day by day recap of what he did, sometimes about how he felt about people, places or things and rarely about any personal struggles.  The family files contain genealogical information of the Sayre, Renison, Carmalt and Morris Families.  His ministry work is detailed in his letters, diaries and other materials.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Personal, family and ministerial correspondence of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre.  His personal diaries from 1918 to 1963, his sermons and notes are included in this collection.  There are family and other personal photographs and many postcard and tourist packet photographs from his trips to Europe and his automobile trips from California to Virginia.  Publication material includes church bulletins, news clippings, tourist pamphlets, magazines and others.  His family correspondence possibly has more personal information than his diaries.  His diaries are often a day by day recap of what he did, sometimes about how he felt about people, places or things and rarely about any personal struggles.  The family files contain genealogical information of the Sayre, Renison, Carmalt and Morris Families.  His ministry work is detailed in his letters, diaries and other materials.","Special Collections Research Center","Carmalt family.","Morris family.","Renison family.","Sayre family.","Sayre, Samuel Huntting, Jr., December 18, 1893 to after 1980","Sayre, Marjorie Renison, March 27, 1920 to unknown","\n\t  The papers are in:\n English"],"unitid_tesim":["01/Mss. Acc. 2007.43"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Title:: Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers\t1874-19891920-1960"],"collection_title_tesim":["Title:: Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers\t1874-19891920-1960"],"collection_ssim":["Title:: Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers\t1874-19891920-1960"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Sayre, Samuel Huntting, Jr., December 18, 1893 to after 1980 Sayre, Marjorie Renison, March 27, 1920 to unknown \narrangement\n\t"],"creator_ssim":["Sayre, Samuel Huntting, Jr., December 18, 1893 to after 1980 Sayre, Marjorie Renison, March 27, 1920 to unknown \narrangement\n\t"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sayre, Samuel Huntting, Jr., December 18, 1893 to after 1980","Sayre, Marjorie Renison, March 27, 1920 to unknown"],"creators_ssim":["Sayre, Samuel Huntting, Jr., December 18, 1893 to after 1980","Sayre, Marjorie Renison, March 27, 1920 to unknown"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The materials were acquired by Special Collections Research Center on 00/00/2007."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Episcopal Church--Clergy.","Episcopal Church--Virginia--Clergy--20th century.","Genealogy","Pamphlets","Postcards.","Correspondence","Diaries","Photographs","Programs","Sermons"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Episcopal Church--Clergy.","Episcopal Church--Virginia--Clergy--20th century.","Genealogy","Pamphlets","Postcards.","Correspondence","Diaries","Photographs","Programs","Sermons"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.00"],"extent_tesim":["6.00"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the material was already arranged by Rev. Sayre and his order was maintained.  The rest of the collection was grouped into Correspondence, Family, Photographs, Travel, Personal, Ministry, Sermons and Diaries.  When possible, material was organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials"],"arrangement_tesim":["Some of the material was already arranged by Rev. Sayre and his order was maintained.  The rest of the collection was grouped into Correspondence, Family, Photographs, Travel, Personal, Ministry, Sermons and Diaries.  When possible, material was organized chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSamuel H. Sayre, Jr. was born in Hampton, Virginia, the son of Annie Woolsey Morris  and Samuel H. Sayre, Sr.  He is descended from Lewis Morris, a Signer of the Declaration of Independence.  He served in the Hospital Corp Service of the Navy until August 28, 1919 when he began his studies to be an Episcopal priest. On September 18, 1919, he entered St. Stephen’s College, Annandale-on-Hudson and graduated in spring 1922.  Between September 26, 1922 and spring 1925, he studied at the General Theological Seminary in New York City as a candidate for the ministry and as a postulant of Bishop Burleson, spending the summers in the Mission field of South Dakota.He served as a priest in South Dakota, Chicago, Pennsylvania, California and Virginia.  He married Marjorie Mae Renison on January 13, 1934 in St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. His parish of St. Barnabas in Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California was begun by his wife's Grandfather, Canon Renison, as a Mission Church and Rev. Sayre took over the Parish from his Father-in-Law, Rev. George Edward Renison.  Dates and Parishes:August 2, 1925 to April 1927\tSt. James Mission in Mobridge, South Dakota (Rev. Sayre's first parish),April, 1927 to January 31, 1928 St. Paul’s Church in Kenwood, Chicago,April 1, 1928 to September 30, 1938\tSt. Mary’s Episcopal Church, Williamsport, Pennsylvania and The Church of Our Savior in Montoursville, Pennsylvania,October 1, 1938 to October 1, 1939\tSt. John’s Episcopal Church, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania,October 15, 1939 to January 15, 1961\tSt. Barnabas’ Church, Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California,February 1, 1961 Kingston Parish, Mathews, Virginia andby April 3, 1966St. Mary’s Episcopal Church, Colonial Beach, Virginia.He is a 32nd degree Mason, member of the Royal Arcanum and Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fraternities. Other honors include Dean of Convocation of Pasadena, 1955-1959 andChaplain to Bishop Bloy of Los Angeles, 1951-1961. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u0026lt;a href=\"http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr.\"\u0026gt;http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr.\u0026lt;/a\u0026gt;.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Samuel H. Sayre, Jr. was born in Hampton, Virginia, the son of Annie Woolsey Morris  and Samuel H. Sayre, Sr.  He is descended from Lewis Morris, a Signer of the Declaration of Independence.  He served in the Hospital Corp Service of the Navy until August 28, 1919 when he began his studies to be an Episcopal priest. On September 18, 1919, he entered St. Stephen’s College, Annandale-on-Hudson and graduated in spring 1922.  Between September 26, 1922 and spring 1925, he studied at the General Theological Seminary in New York City as a candidate for the ministry and as a postulant of Bishop Burleson, spending the summers in the Mission field of South Dakota.He served as a priest in South Dakota, Chicago, Pennsylvania, California and Virginia.  He married Marjorie Mae Renison on January 13, 1934 in St. John's Church, Hampton, Virginia. His parish of St. Barnabas in Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California was begun by his wife's Grandfather, Canon Renison, as a Mission Church and Rev. Sayre took over the Parish from his Father-in-Law, Rev. George Edward Renison.  Dates and Parishes:August 2, 1925 to April 1927\tSt. James Mission in Mobridge, South Dakota (Rev. Sayre's first parish),April, 1927 to January 31, 1928 St. Paul’s Church in Kenwood, Chicago,April 1, 1928 to September 30, 1938\tSt. Mary’s Episcopal Church, Williamsport, Pennsylvania and The Church of Our Savior in Montoursville, Pennsylvania,October 1, 1938 to October 1, 1939\tSt. John’s Episcopal Church, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania,October 15, 1939 to January 15, 1961\tSt. Barnabas’ Church, Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California,February 1, 1961 Kingston Parish, Mathews, Virginia andby April 3, 1966St. Mary’s Episcopal Church, Colonial Beach, Virginia.He is a 32nd degree Mason, member of the Royal Arcanum and Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fraternities. Other honors include Dean of Convocation of Pasadena, 1955-1959 andChaplain to Bishop Bloy of Los Angeles, 1951-1961. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003ca href=\"http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr.\"\u003ehttp://scrc.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr.\u003c/a\u003e."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rev. Samuel Huntting Sayre, Jr. Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccessioned and processed by Anne T. Johnson in 2007.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accessioned and processed by Anne T. Johnson in 2007."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePersonal, family and ministerial correspondence of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre.  His personal diaries from 1918 to 1963, his sermons and notes are included in this collection.  There are family and other personal photographs and many postcard and tourist packet photographs from his trips to Europe and his automobile trips from California to Virginia.  Publication material includes church bulletins, news clippings, tourist pamphlets, magazines and others.  His family correspondence possibly has more personal information than his diaries.  His diaries are often a day by day recap of what he did, sometimes about how he felt about people, places or things and rarely about any personal struggles.  The family files contain genealogical information of the Sayre, Renison, Carmalt and Morris Families.  His ministry work is detailed in his letters, diaries and other materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Personal, family and ministerial correspondence of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre.  His personal diaries from 1918 to 1963, his sermons and notes are included in this collection.  There are family and other personal photographs and many postcard and tourist packet photographs from his trips to Europe and his automobile trips from California to Virginia.  Publication material includes church bulletins, news clippings, tourist pamphlets, magazines and others.  His family correspondence possibly has more personal information than his diaries.  His diaries are often a day by day recap of what he did, sometimes about how he felt about people, places or things and rarely about any personal struggles.  The family files contain genealogical information of the Sayre, Renison, Carmalt and Morris Families.  His ministry work is detailed in his letters, diaries and other materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract encodinganalog=\"520$a\" label=\"Abstract:\"\u003ePersonal, family and ministerial correspondence of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre.  His personal diaries from 1918 to 1963, his sermons and notes are included in this collection.  There are family and other personal photographs and many postcard and tourist packet photographs from his trips to Europe and his automobile trips from California to Virginia.  Publication material includes church bulletins, news clippings, tourist pamphlets, magazines and others.  His family correspondence possibly has more personal information than his diaries.  His diaries are often a day by day recap of what he did, sometimes about how he felt about people, places or things and rarely about any personal struggles.  The family files contain genealogical information of the Sayre, Renison, Carmalt and Morris Families.  His ministry work is detailed in his letters, diaries and other materials.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Personal, family and ministerial correspondence of Rev. Samuel H. Sayre.  His personal diaries from 1918 to 1963, his sermons and notes are included in this collection.  There are family and other personal photographs and many postcard and tourist packet photographs from his trips to Europe and his automobile trips from California to Virginia.  Publication material includes church bulletins, news clippings, tourist pamphlets, magazines and others.  His family correspondence possibly has more personal information than his diaries.  His diaries are often a day by day recap of what he did, sometimes about how he felt about people, places or things and rarely about any personal struggles.  The family files contain genealogical information of the Sayre, Renison, Carmalt and Morris Families.  His ministry work is detailed in his letters, diaries and other materials."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Carmalt family.","Morris family.","Renison family.","Sayre family.","Sayre, Samuel Huntting, Jr., December 18, 1893 to after 1980","Sayre, 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