{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1898\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=50","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1898\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=49","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1898\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=51","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1898\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=51"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":50,"next_page":51,"prev_page":49,"total_pages":51,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":490,"total_count":510,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_40_c04_c14","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series O: Population Records, 1893/1973","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_40_c04_c14#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_40_c04_c14","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_40_c04_c14"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_40_c04_c14","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_40","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_40","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_40_c04","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_40_c04","parent_ssim":["Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk Records, 1891/1978","Series IV: Admissions and Procedures, 1893/1973"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_40","vino_repositories_5_resources_40_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series O: Population Records","title_ssm":["Sub-Series O: Population Records"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series O: Population Records"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series O: Population Records, 1893/1973"],"text":["Sub-Series O: Population Records, 1893/1973","Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk Records, 1891/1978","Series IV: Admissions and Procedures, 1893/1973"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk Records, 1891/1978","Series IV: Admissions and Procedures, 1893/1973"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk Records, 1891/1978","Series IV: Admissions and Procedures, 1893/1973"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1893/1973"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1893-1906, 1955-1973"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":213,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk Records, 1891/1978"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to researchers with two exceptions. Boxes 5-12a are permanently closed to the researcher because they contain sensitive employee and personnel records. Secondly, delivery room registers are closed to all patrons except those mentioned in the records because they are health records. Please note that the last names of all mothers and children born at Florence Crittenton Home have been redacted from the records."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#13","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_40","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_40","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_40","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_40","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_40.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/40","title_filing_ssi":"Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk","title_ssm":["Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk Records"],"title_tesim":["Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1891-1978, undated","Date acquired: 01/13/1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1891-1978, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 01/13/1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1891/1978"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk Records, 1891/1978"],"text":["Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk Records, 1891/1978","MG 13","/repositories/5/resources/40","Florence Crittenton Homes Association--History","National Florence Crittenton Mission","Teenage pregnancy","Unmarried mothers--United States--History","Maternity homes--United States--History","Unmarried mothers--Services for--United States--History","Collection is open to researchers with two exceptions. Boxes 5-12a are permanently closed to the researcher because they contain sensitive employee and personnel records. Secondly, delivery room registers are closed to all patrons except those mentioned in the records because they are health records. Please note that the last names of all mothers and children born at Florence Crittenton Home have been redacted from the records.","The collection is divided into eighteen series: Series I: History, General; Series II: History, Financial; Series III: History, Payroll; Series IV: Admissions and Procedures; Series V: Studies and Reports; Series VI: State Licensing Procedure; Series VII: Office Procedures; Series VIII: Records of the President; Series IX: Records of the Treasurer; Series X: Records of the Board; Series XI: Committees and Supporting Agencies; Series XII: Grants and Consultant Services; Series XIII: Memorials and Testimonials; Series XIV: Closing of the Home; Series XV: Correspondence; Series XVI: Miscellaneous; Series XVII: Scrapbooks and Photographs; and Series XVIII: Memorabilia.","The Florence Crittenton Association of America (FCAA) began in New York City in 1883. Mr. Charles Nelson Crittenton was a wealthy wholesale druggist whose four-year-old daughter, Florence, died in 1882. Six months later, on April 19, 1883, he opened the Florence Night Mission at 29 Bleeker Street as a memorial to her. Intended initially to help the prostitutes of that city escape from that lifestyle, its scope was gradually enlarged to include other women needing help. The name was changed to The Florence Crittenton Mission, and Congress gave its approval when, by a special act in 1893, it passed its articles of incorporation.","The Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk was certainly among the earliest ones found in this country. In 1891, Mrs. R. H. Jones, the president of the Virginia Women's Christian Temperance Union befriended one unwed mother in Norfolk. This action, in turn, was followed by the establishment of a little two-room house in the Huntersville area, which was later closed when a five-room area was located in the Brambleton area of the city. These two homes were both known as \"The White Anchorage.\"","At the 1893 National W.C.T.U. Conference in Denver, the Norfolk Chapter gave a report of its work and Mr. Crittenton was so impressed that he contributed one thousand dollars to aid their effort. As a result, the name of the Home was changed to Florence Crittenton and it was incorporated as such in Virginia in 1894.","Largely because of Mr. Crittenton's strenuous efforts in support of this new service, many Crittenton Homes were soon opened throughout the country. At first, these homes were also designed as \"Rescue Homes\" but the scope of services, particularly after World War I, gradually shifted to caring for unwed mothers and their children. The only exception to this was the Barrett Home in New York City, which was a residential treatment center for adolescent girls.","The highwater mark of the National Crittenton Program came during the 1960's when there were more than seventy maternity homes, the Barrett Home, and a non-residential service for unwed mothers in Lowell, Massachusetts. Though changing social patterns, customs, and laws led to a gradual decline in the total number of homes during the 1970's, thirty-five homes, including one in Lynchburg, Virginia, remained in operation as late as 1978.","For various reasons, the National Crittenton organization found it necessary to operate as two separate but cooperative agencies. The first, known as The National Florence Crittenton Mission, is primarily concerned with all financial matters affecting the individual homes and the national organization. The Mission coordinates the various levels of its work through \"The Central Extension Committee\" which derives its members from the Mission's ranks and from each of the participating homes. This committee had as its initial task the establishment of the Florence Crittenton Association of America, an agency with the tasks of consultation, setting of standards, doing research for the member agencies, and developing relationships with similar organizations.","In this structure, the member homes operated as cooperative but autonomous entities who, apart from certain qualification standards and financial matters, generally charted their own direction.","While the National Association is staffed by professional social workers and is responsible for coordinating the activities of the various homes, the Mission administers an endowment left by Mr. Crittenton and expanded by Dr. Robert South Barrett, long time president of the Mission. This Mission also pays the largest share of the Association's expenses and keeps in reserve an amount to help the individual homes in building and alteration projects. Any requests for such funds, which were received by the Association, were passed directly to the Mission, whose president is a member of the Association's Executive Board.","Mr. Crittenton died in 1911 and was succeeded as President of the Mission by Dr. Kate Waller Barrett; upon her death in 1925, her son, Dr. Robert South Barrett became president; and he, in turn, was succeeded by his son, Rear Admiral (Ret) John P. Barrett.","In a brief ceremony on June 1, 1977, Mrs. John A. Byrd, President of the Florence Crittenton Board, turned over the deed to the Crittenton property to Old Dominion University. A resolution from that Board was read by Board member Mrs. Irving Salsbury, and a plaque recognizing the gift was unveiled by Mrs. James A. Howard; Mrs. Byrd; Dr. Charles O. Burgess, Vice President for Academic Affairs at ODU; and Mercer Davis, President of the ODU Educational Foundation.","In expressing the University's appreciation for the Crittenton Board's generosity, Dr. Burgess said \"Like the Crittenton Home, Old Dominion University is committed to serving the needs of the area - of this region. ODU's School of Continuing Studies will be located here, allowing continued growth in its programs that are already serving more than 20,000 persons each year in noncredit and off-campus credit programs.\"","The subsequent 80-year history of the Norfolk Home was a rich and varied effort to meet the needs of unwed mothers and their children. The following is a brief chronology of the home:","1891: Founding of \"The White Anchorage\"","1893: The National Convention of W.C.T.U where Mr. Crittenton donated $1,000.00 to the Norfolk effort. Name changed to the \"Florence Crittenton Home\"","1894: Charter obtained in April","1897: Mr. Crittenton visited Norfolk Home","1899: Obstetrical ward added","1909: Clara E. Marshall began working at the Norfolk Home","1911: Day Nursery for working class children established","1920: Norfolk Home moved to 52nd Street (\"Beth—Haven\") and Norfolk Day Nursery began to operate independently","1923: Became member agency of Norfolk Community Fund","May 31, 1940: Clara E. Marshall died","August 1941: Velma Mauk employed as new Superintendent (Here after designated Executive Director)","1945-59: Home consisted of two older houses connected by arcade. There were living facilities for 24 residents and all babies were delivered on the premises.","1950-54: West building condemned; a new and larger house built for residents; staff continued to use remaining old house. The obstetrical ward at the home was closed and new arrangements made with Norfolk General Hospital.","1954: Velma Mauk retired; Genrose Gehri employed as new Executive Director","1955-59: Staff increased and professionalized;  new dietary program established; new fee schedule introduced","1960-64: Nursery Closed; accredited school established in June 1963; registered nurse employed full-time","February 26, 1964: Mrs. Chesley Lamb employed as Executive Director","March 1, 1964: Miss Genrose Gehri retired as Executive Director","October 10, 1965: Mrs. Chesley Lamb resigned, for personal reasons, as Executive Director; Miss Genrose Gehri returned as Temporary Executive Director.","February 1, 1966: Mrs. Elizabeth Collins, ACSW, employed as Executive Director","August 1, 1970: Mrs. Elizabeth Collins, ACSW, retired as Executive Director; Mr. Joseph Charon employed as Executive Director","March 24, 1971: Name of Home changed to Florence Crittenton Services, Inc.","October 1, 1971: Mr. Joseph Charon resigned, for personal reasons, as Executive Director","October 19, 1971: Mr. Gerald Rosenmeier employed as temporary Executive Director","December 15, 1971: New aspect of program initiated as limited intake of non-pregnant girls begun","March 1, 1972: Mr. Milton Susco employed as Executive Director","July 3, 1973: On the eve of closing, Mr. Milton Susco left as Executive Director","December 31, 1973: Florence Crittenton Services, Inc. ceased operation","January 1, 1974: Property rented to Tidewater Regional Detention Facilities to be used as Group Home for Girls","January 22, 1975: Florence Crittenton Board of Directors placed on inactive status","March 19, 1975: Florence Crittenton Services resigned from FCAA","September 17, 1975: Florence Crittenton Services merged with Tidewater Children's Foundation","November 17, 1976: Florence Crittenton Services rescinded merger with Tidewater Children's Foundation","January 6, 1977: Security of the Norfolk Crittenton Home transferred to ODU Records of the Florence Crittenton Services partially transferred to ODU Archives.","September 2007: Norfolk Crittenton Home which housed the Center for Coastal Physical Oceanography-Old Dominion University, was demolished to make way for waterfront homes.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","The records of the Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk contains the institutional records of the home during their eighty years service to Norfolk. Included in the collection are histories, business and financial records, studies, reports, memorials, testimonials, correspondence, scrapbooks, and newspapers clippings. Delivery room registers of mother and chld are also included but are restricted to only those described in the records (mother or child). The last name of both mother and child are redacted.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Established in 1894 to respond to the needs of unwed mothers and their children. Contains the institutional records of the home during their eighty years service to Norfolk. Includes histories, business and financial records, studies, reports, memorials, testimonials, correspondence, scrapbooks, and newspapers clippings.","ODU Community Collections","Florence Crittenton Home (Norfolk, Va.)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk Records, 1891/1978"],"collection_ssim":["Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk Records, 1891/1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 13","/repositories/5/resources/40"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 13","/repositories/5/resources/40"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"creator_ssm":["Florence Crittenton Home (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Florence Crittenton Home (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Florence Crittenton Home (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Florence Crittenton Home (Norfolk, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Florence Crittenton Board, Louauna S. Byrd, President","Gift. Accession #A77-3"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Florence Crittenton Homes Association--History","National Florence Crittenton Mission","Teenage pregnancy","Unmarried mothers--United States--History","Maternity homes--United States--History","Unmarried mothers--Services for--United States--History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Florence Crittenton Homes Association--History","National Florence Crittenton Mission","Teenage pregnancy","Unmarried mothers--United States--History","Maternity homes--United States--History","Unmarried mothers--Services for--United States--History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["24.60 Linear Feet","39 Hollinger Documents Cases; Seven Hollinger Oversized Boxes; and several oversized posters boxes"],"extent_tesim":["24.60 Linear Feet","39 Hollinger Documents Cases; Seven Hollinger Oversized Boxes; and several oversized posters boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to researchers with two exceptions. Boxes 5-12a are permanently closed to the researcher because they contain sensitive employee and personnel records. Secondly, delivery room registers are closed to all patrons except those mentioned in the records because they are health records. Please note that the last names of all mothers and children born at Florence Crittenton Home have been redacted from the records.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to researchers with two exceptions. Boxes 5-12a are permanently closed to the researcher because they contain sensitive employee and personnel records. Secondly, delivery room registers are closed to all patrons except those mentioned in the records because they are health records. Please note that the last names of all mothers and children born at Florence Crittenton Home have been redacted from the records."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into eighteen series: Series I: History, General; Series II: History, Financial; Series III: History, Payroll; Series IV: Admissions and Procedures; Series V: Studies and Reports; Series VI: State Licensing Procedure; Series VII: Office Procedures; Series VIII: Records of the President; Series IX: Records of the Treasurer; Series X: Records of the Board; Series XI: Committees and Supporting Agencies; Series XII: Grants and Consultant Services; Series XIII: Memorials and Testimonials; Series XIV: Closing of the Home; Series XV: Correspondence; Series XVI: Miscellaneous; Series XVII: Scrapbooks and Photographs; and Series XVIII: Memorabilia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into eighteen series: Series I: History, General; Series II: History, Financial; Series III: History, Payroll; Series IV: Admissions and Procedures; Series V: Studies and Reports; Series VI: State Licensing Procedure; Series VII: Office Procedures; Series VIII: Records of the President; Series IX: Records of the Treasurer; Series X: Records of the Board; Series XI: Committees and Supporting Agencies; Series XII: Grants and Consultant Services; Series XIII: Memorials and Testimonials; Series XIV: Closing of the Home; Series XV: Correspondence; Series XVI: Miscellaneous; Series XVII: Scrapbooks and Photographs; and Series XVIII: Memorabilia."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Florence Crittenton Association of America (FCAA) began in New York City in 1883. Mr. Charles Nelson Crittenton was a wealthy wholesale druggist whose four-year-old daughter, Florence, died in 1882. Six months later, on April 19, 1883, he opened the Florence Night Mission at 29 Bleeker Street as a memorial to her. Intended initially to help the prostitutes of that city escape from that lifestyle, its scope was gradually enlarged to include other women needing help. The name was changed to The Florence Crittenton Mission, and Congress gave its approval when, by a special act in 1893, it passed its articles of incorporation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk was certainly among the earliest ones found in this country. In 1891, Mrs. R. H. Jones, the president of the Virginia Women's Christian Temperance Union befriended one unwed mother in Norfolk. This action, in turn, was followed by the establishment of a little two-room house in the Huntersville area, which was later closed when a five-room area was located in the Brambleton area of the city. These two homes were both known as \"The White Anchorage.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the 1893 National W.C.T.U. Conference in Denver, the Norfolk Chapter gave a report of its work and Mr. Crittenton was so impressed that he contributed one thousand dollars to aid their effort. As a result, the name of the Home was changed to Florence Crittenton and it was incorporated as such in Virginia in 1894.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLargely because of Mr. Crittenton's strenuous efforts in support of this new service, many Crittenton Homes were soon opened throughout the country. At first, these homes were also designed as \"Rescue Homes\" but the scope of services, particularly after World War I, gradually shifted to caring for unwed mothers and their children. The only exception to this was the Barrett Home in New York City, which was a residential treatment center for adolescent girls.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe highwater mark of the National Crittenton Program came during the 1960's when there were more than seventy maternity homes, the Barrett Home, and a non-residential service for unwed mothers in Lowell, Massachusetts. Though changing social patterns, customs, and laws led to a gradual decline in the total number of homes during the 1970's, thirty-five homes, including one in Lynchburg, Virginia, remained in operation as late as 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor various reasons, the National Crittenton organization found it necessary to operate as two separate but cooperative agencies. The first, known as The National Florence Crittenton Mission, is primarily concerned with all financial matters affecting the individual homes and the national organization. The Mission coordinates the various levels of its work through \"The Central Extension Committee\" which derives its members from the Mission's ranks and from each of the participating homes. This committee had as its initial task \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ethe \u003c/emph\u003eestablishment of the Florence Crittenton Association of America, an agency with the tasks of consultation, setting of standards, doing research for the member agencies, and developing relationships with similar organizations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this structure, the member homes operated as cooperative but autonomous entities who, apart from certain qualification standards and financial matters, generally charted their own direction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhile the National Association is staffed by professional social workers and is responsible for coordinating the activities of the various homes, the Mission administers an endowment left by Mr. Crittenton and expanded by Dr. Robert South Barrett, long time president of the Mission. This Mission also pays the largest share of the Association's expenses and keeps in reserve an amount to help the individual homes in building and alteration projects. Any requests for such funds, which were received by the Association, were passed directly to the Mission, whose president is a member of the Association's Executive Board.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Crittenton died in 1911 and was succeeded as President of the Mission by Dr. Kate Waller Barrett; upon her death in 1925, her son, Dr. Robert South Barrett became president; and he, in turn, was succeeded by his son, Rear Admiral (Ret) John P. Barrett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn a brief ceremony on June 1, 1977, Mrs. John A. Byrd, President of the Florence Crittenton Board, turned over the deed to the Crittenton property to Old Dominion University. A resolution from that Board was read by Board member Mrs. Irving Salsbury, and a plaque recognizing the gift was unveiled by Mrs. James A. Howard; Mrs. Byrd; Dr. Charles O. Burgess, Vice President for Academic Affairs at ODU; and Mercer Davis, President of the ODU Educational Foundation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn expressing the University's appreciation for the Crittenton Board's generosity, Dr. Burgess said \"Like the Crittenton Home, Old Dominion University is committed to serving the needs of the area - of this region. ODU's School of Continuing Studies will be located here, allowing continued growth in its programs that are already serving more than 20,000 persons each year in noncredit and off-campus credit programs.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subsequent 80-year history of the Norfolk Home was a rich and varied effort to meet the needs of unwed mothers and their children. The following is a brief chronology of the home:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1891: Founding of \"The White Anchorage\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1893: The National Convention of W.C.T.U where Mr. Crittenton donated $1,000.00 to the Norfolk effort. Name changed to the \"Florence Crittenton Home\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1894: Charter obtained in April\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1897: Mr. Crittenton visited Norfolk Home\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1899: Obstetrical ward added\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1909: Clara E. Marshall began working at the Norfolk Home\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1911: Day Nursery for working class children established\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1920: Norfolk Home moved to 52nd Street (\"Beth—Haven\") and Norfolk Day Nursery began to operate independently\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1923: Became member agency of Norfolk Community Fund\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMay 31, 1940: Clara E. Marshall died\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugust 1941: Velma Mauk employed as new Superintendent (Here after designated Executive Director)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1945-59: Home consisted of two older houses connected by arcade. There were living facilities for 24 residents and all babies were delivered on the premises.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1950-54: West building condemned; a new and larger house built for residents; staff continued to use remaining old house. The obstetrical ward at the home was closed and new arrangements made with Norfolk General Hospital.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1954: Velma Mauk retired; Genrose Gehri employed as new Executive Director\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1955-59: Staff increased and professionalized;  new dietary program established; new fee schedule introduced\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1960-64: Nursery Closed; accredited school established in June 1963; registered nurse employed full-time\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFebruary 26, 1964: Mrs. Chesley Lamb employed as Executive Director\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 1, 1964: Miss Genrose Gehri retired as Executive Director\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOctober 10, 1965: Mrs. Chesley Lamb resigned, for personal reasons, as Executive Director; Miss Genrose Gehri returned as Temporary Executive Director.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFebruary 1, 1966: Mrs. Elizabeth Collins, ACSW, employed as Executive Director\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugust 1, 1970: Mrs. Elizabeth Collins, ACSW, retired as Executive Director; Mr. Joseph Charon employed as Executive Director\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 24, 1971: Name of Home changed to Florence Crittenton Services, Inc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOctober 1, 1971: Mr. Joseph Charon resigned, for personal reasons, as Executive Director\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOctober 19, 1971: Mr. Gerald Rosenmeier employed as temporary Executive Director\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDecember 15, 1971: New aspect of program initiated as limited intake of non-pregnant girls begun\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 1, 1972: Mr. Milton Susco employed as Executive Director\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJuly 3, 1973: On the eve of closing, Mr. Milton Susco left as Executive Director\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDecember 31, 1973: Florence Crittenton Services, Inc. ceased operation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanuary 1, 1974: Property rented to Tidewater Regional Detention Facilities to be used as Group Home for Girls\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanuary 22, 1975: Florence Crittenton Board of Directors placed on inactive status\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 19, 1975: Florence Crittenton Services resigned from FCAA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeptember 17, 1975: Florence Crittenton Services merged with Tidewater Children's Foundation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNovember 17, 1976: Florence Crittenton Services rescinded merger with Tidewater Children's Foundation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanuary 6, 1977: Security of the Norfolk Crittenton Home transferred to ODU Records of the Florence Crittenton Services partially transferred to ODU Archives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeptember 2007: Norfolk Crittenton Home which housed the Center for Coastal Physical Oceanography-Old Dominion University, was demolished to make way for waterfront homes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Florence Crittenton Association of America (FCAA) began in New York City in 1883. Mr. Charles Nelson Crittenton was a wealthy wholesale druggist whose four-year-old daughter, Florence, died in 1882. Six months later, on April 19, 1883, he opened the Florence Night Mission at 29 Bleeker Street as a memorial to her. Intended initially to help the prostitutes of that city escape from that lifestyle, its scope was gradually enlarged to include other women needing help. The name was changed to The Florence Crittenton Mission, and Congress gave its approval when, by a special act in 1893, it passed its articles of incorporation.","The Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk was certainly among the earliest ones found in this country. In 1891, Mrs. R. H. Jones, the president of the Virginia Women's Christian Temperance Union befriended one unwed mother in Norfolk. This action, in turn, was followed by the establishment of a little two-room house in the Huntersville area, which was later closed when a five-room area was located in the Brambleton area of the city. These two homes were both known as \"The White Anchorage.\"","At the 1893 National W.C.T.U. Conference in Denver, the Norfolk Chapter gave a report of its work and Mr. Crittenton was so impressed that he contributed one thousand dollars to aid their effort. As a result, the name of the Home was changed to Florence Crittenton and it was incorporated as such in Virginia in 1894.","Largely because of Mr. Crittenton's strenuous efforts in support of this new service, many Crittenton Homes were soon opened throughout the country. At first, these homes were also designed as \"Rescue Homes\" but the scope of services, particularly after World War I, gradually shifted to caring for unwed mothers and their children. The only exception to this was the Barrett Home in New York City, which was a residential treatment center for adolescent girls.","The highwater mark of the National Crittenton Program came during the 1960's when there were more than seventy maternity homes, the Barrett Home, and a non-residential service for unwed mothers in Lowell, Massachusetts. Though changing social patterns, customs, and laws led to a gradual decline in the total number of homes during the 1970's, thirty-five homes, including one in Lynchburg, Virginia, remained in operation as late as 1978.","For various reasons, the National Crittenton organization found it necessary to operate as two separate but cooperative agencies. The first, known as The National Florence Crittenton Mission, is primarily concerned with all financial matters affecting the individual homes and the national organization. The Mission coordinates the various levels of its work through \"The Central Extension Committee\" which derives its members from the Mission's ranks and from each of the participating homes. This committee had as its initial task the establishment of the Florence Crittenton Association of America, an agency with the tasks of consultation, setting of standards, doing research for the member agencies, and developing relationships with similar organizations.","In this structure, the member homes operated as cooperative but autonomous entities who, apart from certain qualification standards and financial matters, generally charted their own direction.","While the National Association is staffed by professional social workers and is responsible for coordinating the activities of the various homes, the Mission administers an endowment left by Mr. Crittenton and expanded by Dr. Robert South Barrett, long time president of the Mission. This Mission also pays the largest share of the Association's expenses and keeps in reserve an amount to help the individual homes in building and alteration projects. Any requests for such funds, which were received by the Association, were passed directly to the Mission, whose president is a member of the Association's Executive Board.","Mr. Crittenton died in 1911 and was succeeded as President of the Mission by Dr. Kate Waller Barrett; upon her death in 1925, her son, Dr. Robert South Barrett became president; and he, in turn, was succeeded by his son, Rear Admiral (Ret) John P. Barrett.","In a brief ceremony on June 1, 1977, Mrs. John A. Byrd, President of the Florence Crittenton Board, turned over the deed to the Crittenton property to Old Dominion University. A resolution from that Board was read by Board member Mrs. Irving Salsbury, and a plaque recognizing the gift was unveiled by Mrs. James A. Howard; Mrs. Byrd; Dr. Charles O. Burgess, Vice President for Academic Affairs at ODU; and Mercer Davis, President of the ODU Educational Foundation.","In expressing the University's appreciation for the Crittenton Board's generosity, Dr. Burgess said \"Like the Crittenton Home, Old Dominion University is committed to serving the needs of the area - of this region. ODU's School of Continuing Studies will be located here, allowing continued growth in its programs that are already serving more than 20,000 persons each year in noncredit and off-campus credit programs.\"","The subsequent 80-year history of the Norfolk Home was a rich and varied effort to meet the needs of unwed mothers and their children. The following is a brief chronology of the home:","1891: Founding of \"The White Anchorage\"","1893: The National Convention of W.C.T.U where Mr. Crittenton donated $1,000.00 to the Norfolk effort. Name changed to the \"Florence Crittenton Home\"","1894: Charter obtained in April","1897: Mr. Crittenton visited Norfolk Home","1899: Obstetrical ward added","1909: Clara E. Marshall began working at the Norfolk Home","1911: Day Nursery for working class children established","1920: Norfolk Home moved to 52nd Street (\"Beth—Haven\") and Norfolk Day Nursery began to operate independently","1923: Became member agency of Norfolk Community Fund","May 31, 1940: Clara E. Marshall died","August 1941: Velma Mauk employed as new Superintendent (Here after designated Executive Director)","1945-59: Home consisted of two older houses connected by arcade. There were living facilities for 24 residents and all babies were delivered on the premises.","1950-54: West building condemned; a new and larger house built for residents; staff continued to use remaining old house. The obstetrical ward at the home was closed and new arrangements made with Norfolk General Hospital.","1954: Velma Mauk retired; Genrose Gehri employed as new Executive Director","1955-59: Staff increased and professionalized;  new dietary program established; new fee schedule introduced","1960-64: Nursery Closed; accredited school established in June 1963; registered nurse employed full-time","February 26, 1964: Mrs. Chesley Lamb employed as Executive Director","March 1, 1964: Miss Genrose Gehri retired as Executive Director","October 10, 1965: Mrs. Chesley Lamb resigned, for personal reasons, as Executive Director; Miss Genrose Gehri returned as Temporary Executive Director.","February 1, 1966: Mrs. Elizabeth Collins, ACSW, employed as Executive Director","August 1, 1970: Mrs. Elizabeth Collins, ACSW, retired as Executive Director; Mr. Joseph Charon employed as Executive Director","March 24, 1971: Name of Home changed to Florence Crittenton Services, Inc.","October 1, 1971: Mr. Joseph Charon resigned, for personal reasons, as Executive Director","October 19, 1971: Mr. Gerald Rosenmeier employed as temporary Executive Director","December 15, 1971: New aspect of program initiated as limited intake of non-pregnant girls begun","March 1, 1972: Mr. Milton Susco employed as Executive Director","July 3, 1973: On the eve of closing, Mr. Milton Susco left as Executive Director","December 31, 1973: Florence Crittenton Services, Inc. ceased operation","January 1, 1974: Property rented to Tidewater Regional Detention Facilities to be used as Group Home for Girls","January 22, 1975: Florence Crittenton Board of Directors placed on inactive status","March 19, 1975: Florence Crittenton Services resigned from FCAA","September 17, 1975: Florence Crittenton Services merged with Tidewater Children's Foundation","November 17, 1976: Florence Crittenton Services rescinded merger with Tidewater Children's Foundation","January 6, 1977: Security of the Norfolk Crittenton Home transferred to ODU Records of the Florence Crittenton Services partially transferred to ODU Archives.","September 2007: Norfolk Crittenton Home which housed the Center for Coastal Physical Oceanography-Old Dominion University, was demolished to make way for waterfront homes.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk Records, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk Records, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records of the Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk contains the institutional records of the home during their eighty years service to Norfolk. Included in the collection are histories, business and financial records, studies, reports, memorials, testimonials, correspondence, scrapbooks, and newspapers clippings. Delivery room registers of mother and chld are also included but are restricted to only those described in the records (mother or child). The last name of both mother and child are redacted.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The records of the Florence Crittenton Home of Norfolk contains the institutional records of the home during their eighty years service to Norfolk. Included in the collection are histories, business and financial records, studies, reports, memorials, testimonials, correspondence, scrapbooks, and newspapers clippings. Delivery room registers of mother and chld are also included but are restricted to only those described in the records (mother or child). The last name of both mother and child are redacted."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_30dc8dcfbf035ff5e0704fec98a97613\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eEstablished in 1894 to respond to the needs of unwed mothers and their children. Contains the institutional records of the home during their eighty years service to Norfolk. Includes histories, business and financial records, studies, reports, memorials, testimonials, correspondence, scrapbooks, and newspapers clippings.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Established in 1894 to respond to the needs of unwed mothers and their children. Contains the institutional records of the home during their eighty years service to Norfolk. Includes histories, business and financial records, studies, reports, memorials, testimonials, correspondence, scrapbooks, and newspapers clippings."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Florence Crittenton Home (Norfolk, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Florence Crittenton Home (Norfolk, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Florence Crittenton Home (Norfolk, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1229,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_40_c04_c14"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480_c10_c01","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series. Photographs, 1875/1939","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480_c10_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs owned by the Oscar C. Kubach family. The photographs (ca. 1875-1920s, undated) include cartes de visite, cabinet cards, cased photographs, mounted photographs, and loose paper photographs. This sub-series is first organized by identified subject. Those photographs with unidentified subjects are further organized by type.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480_c10_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480_c10_c01","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480_c10_c01"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480_c10_c01","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480_c10","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480_c10","parent_ssim":["Oscar Kubach Papers, 1815/1939","Series 10. Addendum of 2018/08/02, Photographs, Documents, and Other Material, 1875/1933"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480_c10"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series. Photographs","title_ssm":["Sub-Series. Photographs"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series. Photographs"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series. Photographs, 1875/1939"],"text":["Sub-Series. Photographs, 1875/1939","Oscar Kubach Papers, 1815/1939","Series 10. Addendum of 2018/08/02, Photographs, Documents, and Other Material, 1875/1933","Box 3","This sub-series contains photographs owned by the Oscar C. Kubach family. The photographs (ca. 1875-1920s, undated) include cartes de visite, cabinet cards, cased photographs, mounted photographs, and loose paper photographs. This sub-series is first organized by identified subject. Those photographs with unidentified subjects are further organized by type."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Oscar Kubach Papers, 1815/1939","Series 10. Addendum of 2018/08/02, Photographs, Documents, and Other Material, 1875/1933"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Oscar Kubach Papers, 1815/1939","Series 10. Addendum of 2018/08/02, Photographs, Documents, and Other Material, 1875/1933"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1875/1939"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["ca. 1875-1930s, undated"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":26,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Oscar Kubach Papers, 1815/1939"],"containers_ssim":["Box 3"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":7,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs owned by the Oscar C. Kubach family. The photographs (ca. 1875-1920s, undated) include cartes de visite, cabinet cards, cased photographs, mounted photographs, and loose paper photographs. This sub-series is first organized by identified subject. Those photographs with unidentified subjects are further organized by type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series contains photographs owned by the Oscar C. Kubach family. The photographs (ca. 1875-1920s, undated) include cartes de visite, cabinet cards, cased photographs, mounted photographs, and loose paper photographs. This sub-series is first organized by identified subject. Those photographs with unidentified subjects are further organized by type."],"_nest_path_":"/components#9/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:10:21.954Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_480.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195064","title_ssm":["Oscar Kubach Papers"],"title_tesim":["Oscar Kubach Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1815-1939"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1815-1939"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1815/1939"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Oscar Kubach Papers, 1815/1939"],"text":["Oscar Kubach Papers, 1815/1939","A\u0026M 2454","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/480","Honduras","Coal mining - coal companies.","Coal mining.","Mining. SEE ALSO Coal mining.","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","This collection of personal, business and financial papers, and photographs reflect Kubach's business interests and employment in West Virginia coal mines, Honduras gold and silver mines, and other activities. The correspondence, concentrated in the years 1885-87, concerns Kubach's responsibilities as secretary-treasurer of the Beury Coal \u0026 Coke Company of Stone Cliff, West Virginia, as well as personal and family matters. There are also thirty-six letters to Kubach written in German from 1818 to 1886. Among the business and financial papers are also several publicity circulars from the Honduras Mining Company, a gold and silver ore venture in which Kubach probably had a financial stake. An index to the correspondence is available.","Addendum of 1978/08/23:","Ca. 1870s-1920s; 5 in. (1 document case).","This addendum includes mounted and loose paper photographs of railroads, settlements, and buildings, and cartes de visite, cabinet cards, mounted photographs, and loose paper photographs of Kubach, Sr., his family, and other unidentified persons.","Addendum of 2018/08/02:","Ca. 1875-1933; 10 in. (1 document case, 5 in.; 2 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each).","This addendum includes photographs, documents, and other material pertaining to Oscar C. Kubach, Sr., Oscar C. Kubach, Jr., and their family. Photographs include cartes de visite, cabinet cards, mounted photographs, and loose paper photographs of members of the Kubach family and other, unidentified persons. Documents include personal and business correspondence (a few items), Masonic certificates and documents, and the Kubach family coat of arms. Also included in this addendum are a large, hand-drawn map of Stone Cliff, WV, Masonic awards, a 1914 Charlestonian yearbook from Charleston High School in Charleston, WV, and other personal effects of Oscar C. Kubach, Sr.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Beury Coal and Coke Company","Cherokee Coal Company","Fayette Coal \u0026 Coke Company","Honduras Mining Company","Hughes Awning Company","Joes Creek Oil \u0026 Gas Company","Kubach, Oscar C.","Moore, Humphrey Coal Co.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Oscar Kubach Papers, 1815/1939"],"collection_ssim":["Oscar Kubach Papers, 1815/1939"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2454","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/480"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2454","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/480"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Honduras"],"geogname_ssim":["Honduras"],"places_ssim":["Honduras"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kubach, Oscar C.","Moore, Humphrey Coal Co."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Beury Coal and Coke Company","Cherokee Coal Company","Fayette Coal \u0026 Coke Company","Honduras Mining Company","Hughes Awning Company","Joes Creek Oil \u0026 Gas Company"],"creators_ssim":["Kubach, Oscar C.","Moore, Humphrey Coal Co.","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Beury Coal and Coke Company","Cherokee Coal Company","Fayette Coal \u0026 Coke Company","Honduras Mining Company","Hughes Awning Company","Joes Creek Oil \u0026 Gas Company"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Coal mining - coal companies.","Coal mining.","Mining. SEE ALSO Coal mining."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Coal mining - coal companies.","Coal mining.","Mining. SEE ALSO Coal mining."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.8 Linear Feet 21 1/2 in. (3 document cases, 5 in. each); (2 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 flat storage box, 1 1/2 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["1.8 Linear Feet 21 1/2 in. (3 document cases, 5 in. each); (2 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 flat storage box, 1 1/2 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Oscar Kubach Papers, A\u0026amp;M 2454, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Oscar Kubach Papers, A\u0026M 2454, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection of personal, business and financial papers, and photographs reflect Kubach's business interests and employment in West Virginia coal mines, Honduras gold and silver mines, and other activities. The correspondence, concentrated in the years 1885-87, concerns Kubach's responsibilities as secretary-treasurer of the Beury Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company of Stone Cliff, West Virginia, as well as personal and family matters. There are also thirty-six letters to Kubach written in German from 1818 to 1886. Among the business and financial papers are also several publicity circulars from the Honduras Mining Company, a gold and silver ore venture in which Kubach probably had a financial stake. An index to the correspondence is available.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nAddendum of 1978/08/23:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCa. 1870s-1920s; 5 in. (1 document case).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis addendum includes mounted and loose paper photographs of railroads, settlements, and buildings, and cartes de visite, cabinet cards, mounted photographs, and loose paper photographs of Kubach, Sr., his family, and other unidentified persons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nAddendum of 2018/08/02:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCa. 1875-1933; 10 in. (1 document case, 5 in.; 2 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis addendum includes photographs, documents, and other material pertaining to Oscar C. Kubach, Sr., Oscar C. Kubach, Jr., and their family. Photographs include cartes de visite, cabinet cards, mounted photographs, and loose paper photographs of members of the Kubach family and other, unidentified persons. Documents include personal and business correspondence (a few items), Masonic certificates and documents, and the Kubach family coat of arms. Also included in this addendum are a large, hand-drawn map of Stone Cliff, WV, Masonic awards, a 1914 Charlestonian yearbook from Charleston High School in Charleston, WV, and other personal effects of Oscar C. Kubach, Sr.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection of personal, business and financial papers, and photographs reflect Kubach's business interests and employment in West Virginia coal mines, Honduras gold and silver mines, and other activities. The correspondence, concentrated in the years 1885-87, concerns Kubach's responsibilities as secretary-treasurer of the Beury Coal \u0026 Coke Company of Stone Cliff, West Virginia, as well as personal and family matters. There are also thirty-six letters to Kubach written in German from 1818 to 1886. Among the business and financial papers are also several publicity circulars from the Honduras Mining Company, a gold and silver ore venture in which Kubach probably had a financial stake. An index to the correspondence is available.","Addendum of 1978/08/23:","Ca. 1870s-1920s; 5 in. (1 document case).","This addendum includes mounted and loose paper photographs of railroads, settlements, and buildings, and cartes de visite, cabinet cards, mounted photographs, and loose paper photographs of Kubach, Sr., his family, and other unidentified persons.","Addendum of 2018/08/02:","Ca. 1875-1933; 10 in. (1 document case, 5 in.; 2 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each).","This addendum includes photographs, documents, and other material pertaining to Oscar C. Kubach, Sr., Oscar C. Kubach, Jr., and their family. Photographs include cartes de visite, cabinet cards, mounted photographs, and loose paper photographs of members of the Kubach family and other, unidentified persons. Documents include personal and business correspondence (a few items), Masonic certificates and documents, and the Kubach family coat of arms. Also included in this addendum are a large, hand-drawn map of Stone Cliff, WV, Masonic awards, a 1914 Charlestonian yearbook from Charleston High School in Charleston, WV, and other personal effects of Oscar C. Kubach, Sr."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_ed3b58955d2d76a8d295f8cf231e7386\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Beury Coal and Coke Company","Cherokee Coal Company","Fayette Coal \u0026 Coke Company","Honduras Mining Company","Hughes Awning Company","Joes Creek Oil \u0026 Gas Company"],"names_coll_ssim":["Beury Coal and Coke Company","Cherokee Coal Company","Fayette Coal \u0026 Coke Company","Honduras Mining Company","Hughes Awning Company","Joes Creek Oil \u0026 Gas Company","Kubach, Oscar C.","Moore, Humphrey Coal Co."],"persname_ssim":["Kubach, Oscar C.","Moore, Humphrey Coal Co."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Beury Coal and Coke Company","Cherokee Coal Company","Fayette Coal \u0026 Coke Company","Honduras Mining Company","Hughes Awning Company","Joes Creek Oil \u0026 Gas Company","Kubach, Oscar C.","Moore, Humphrey Coal Co."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":43,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:10:21.954Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_480_c10_c01"}},{"id":"viw_viw00028_c01_c02","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"subseries: Post Civil War\n Letters, 1886/1901","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_viw00028_c01_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_viw00028_c01_c02","ref_ssm":["viw_viw00028_c01_c02"],"id":"viw_viw00028_c01_c02","ead_ssi":"viw_viw00028","_root_":"viw_viw00028","_nest_parent_":"viw_viw00028_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_viw00028_c01","parent_ssim":["Augustus C. Golding Papers, 1859-1934, 1862-1864.","Letters"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_viw00028","viw_viw00028_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Post Civil War\n                  Letters,","title_ssm":["subseries: Post Civil War\n Letters"],"title_tesim":["subseries: Post Civil War\n Letters"],"normalized_title_ssm":["subseries: Post Civil War\n Letters, 1886/1901"],"text":["subseries: Post Civil War\n Letters, 1886/1901","Augustus C. Golding Papers, 1859-1934, 1862-1864.","Letters","Box-folder 1:2"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Augustus C. Golding Papers, 1859-1934, 1862-1864.","Letters"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Augustus C. Golding Papers, 1859-1934, 1862-1864.","Letters"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1886/1901"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1886-1901."],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":11,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Augustus C. Golding Papers, 1859-1934, 1862-1864."],"extent_ssm":["4 items."],"extent_tesim":["4 items."],"containers_ssim":["Box-folder 1:2"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any\n            materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of\n            Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the\n            copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:06:02.855Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_viw00028","ead_ssi":"viw_viw00028","_root_":"viw_viw00028","_nest_parent_":"viw_viw00028","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/wm/viw00028.xml","title_ssm":["Augustus C. Golding Papers, 1859-1934, 1862-1864."],"title_tesim":["Augustus C. Golding Papers, 1859-1934, 1862-1864."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Augustus C. Golding Papers, 1859-1934, 1862-1864."],"text":["Augustus C. Golding Papers, 1859-1934, 1862-1864.","Mss. 94 G56","United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861-1865--Regimental histories.","United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861-1865--Campaigns.","Malvern Hill (Va.), Battle\n            of, 1862.","Bull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va.,\n            1862.","South Mountain, Battle of,\n            1862.","Antietam, Battle of, Md.,\n            1862.","Fredericksburg (Va.), Battle\n            of, 1862.","Chancellorsville (Va.),\n            Battle of, 1863.","United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861-1865--Destruction and pillage.","United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861-1865--Equipment and supplies.","United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861-1865--Hospitals.","United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861- 1865--Personal narratives.","White Oak Swamp (Va.), Battle\n            of, 1862.","Seven Days', 1862.","Peninsular Campaign,\n            1862.","38 items.","Collection is open to all researchers.","Organization\n        This collection has been organized into 7 series: 1.\n            Letters, 2. Pension Papers, 3. Miscellaneous, 4. Printed\n            Material, 5. Photographs, 6. Diaries, 7. Typsescripts.\n            Series 1. Letters is seperated into 2 subseries: 1. Civil\n            War Letters, 2. Post Civil War Letters.","Each series is arranged chronologically by date.","Augustus C. Golding was born in Greenwich, Connecticut on\n         20 November 1833. He moved to New York and enlisted as a\n         carpenter. Golding enlisted in the Union Army on 23 November\n         1861 at Fort Hamilton, New York, and served as a sergeant in\n         Co. G., 1st Battalion, 12th U.S. Infanty, 1861-1864. He fought\n         mostly in Virginia and Maryland, returning to Maryland three\n         times between 1863-1864 to defend it. After two months\n         hospitalization in Pennsylvania and a furlough in New York,\n         Golding returns to Virginia in November 1864 to fight until\n         his discharge on 22 November 1864 at Elmira, New York.","After the war Golding resided in Fordham, New York, until\n         his move to Norwalk, Connecticut, on 5 March 1866. On 6 August\n         1886 Golding was appointed postmaster at Norwalk, Connecticut.\n         He died on 8 April 1915.","Papers, 1859-1934, but mainly 1862-1864, of Augustus C.\n         Golding (Goldin, Golden). Includes letters, letterbook,\n         diaries, documents, pension papers, printed materials, and\n         photographs. All items relate to Golding's service in the\n         Union Army, 1861-1864, in Northern Virginia, on the Virginia\n         peninsula, and in Maryland.","Golding's letters to family and friends describe troop\n         movements, battles, camp conditions, his health, a hospital,\n         and the weather. Golding describes his participation in the\n         following battles or their aftermath: Gaines Mill, Malvern\n         Hill, Mechanicsville, 2nd Bull Run or Manassas, South\n         Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, and Chancellorsville. He\n         occasionally presents his views on war, politics, and the\n         destruction of Virginia's cities and countryside, and gives\n         financial and practical advice. Includes genealogical data on\n         Golding's immediate family.","He occasionally presents his views on war, politics, and\n         the destruction of Virginia's cities and countryside. He also\n         gives financial and practical advice. The collection contains\n         genealogical data on Golding's immediate family.","A book in this collection has been transferred to the\n            Rare Books Department of Swem Library.","Official [Union] Army Register\n               for 1863,\n          Published by: Adjunct General's\n               Office,1 April 186316 pages.\n               PD. Call Number:U11 U5P2 1863.","Item contains a listing of officers in the following\n            departments: Adjunct General, Quartermaster, Subsistence,\n            Medical, Pay, Corps of Engineers, and Ordinance.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any\n            materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of\n            Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the\n            copyright, if not Swem Library.","Papers, 1859-1934, but mainly\n         1862-1864, of Augustus C. Golding (Goldin, Golden). Includes\n         letters, letterbook, diaries, documents, printed materials,\n         and photographs. All items relate to Golding's service in the\n         Union Army, 1861-1864, in Northern Virginia, on the Virginia\n         peninsula, and in Maryland.","Golding Family.","Golden family.","Augustus C. Golding,","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Augustus C. Golding Papers, 1859-1934, 1862-1864."],"collection_ssim":["Augustus C. Golding Papers, 1859-1934, 1862-1864."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 94 G56"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 94 G56"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Augustus C. Golding,\n        Golding Family."],"creator_ssim":["Augustus C. Golding,\n        Golding Family."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Augustus C. Golding,"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Golding Family.","Golden family."],"creators_ssim":["Augustus C. Golding,","Golding Family.","Golden family."],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any\n            materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of\n            Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the\n            copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased: 38 items, \n            07/18/1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861-1865--Regimental histories.","United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861-1865--Campaigns.","Malvern Hill (Va.), Battle\n            of, 1862.","Bull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va.,\n            1862.","South Mountain, Battle of,\n            1862.","Antietam, Battle of, Md.,\n            1862.","Fredericksburg (Va.), Battle\n            of, 1862.","Chancellorsville (Va.),\n            Battle of, 1863.","United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861-1865--Destruction and pillage.","United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861-1865--Equipment and supplies.","United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861-1865--Hospitals.","United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861- 1865--Personal narratives.","White Oak Swamp (Va.), Battle\n            of, 1862.","Seven Days', 1862.","Peninsular Campaign,\n            1862."],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861-1865--Regimental histories.","United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861-1865--Campaigns.","Malvern Hill (Va.), Battle\n            of, 1862.","Bull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va.,\n            1862.","South Mountain, Battle of,\n            1862.","Antietam, Battle of, Md.,\n            1862.","Fredericksburg (Va.), Battle\n            of, 1862.","Chancellorsville (Va.),\n            Battle of, 1863.","United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861-1865--Destruction and pillage.","United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861-1865--Equipment and supplies.","United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861-1865--Hospitals.","United States--History--Civil\n            War, 1861- 1865--Personal narratives.","White Oak Swamp (Va.), Battle\n            of, 1862.","Seven Days', 1862.","Peninsular Campaign,\n            1862."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["38 items."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Restrictions of Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003carrangement\u003e\n        \u003chead\u003eOrganization\u003c/head\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThis collection has been organized into 7 series: 1.\n            Letters, 2. Pension Papers, 3. Miscellaneous, 4. Printed\n            Material, 5. Photographs, 6. Diaries, 7. Typsescripts.\n            Series 1. Letters is seperated into 2 subseries: 1. Civil\n            War Letters, 2. Post Civil War Letters.\u003c/p\u003e\n      \u003c/arrangement\u003e\n      ","\u003carrangement\u003e\n        \u003chead\u003eArrangement\u003c/head\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eEach series is arranged chronologically by date.\u003c/p\u003e\n      \u003c/arrangement\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organization\n        This collection has been organized into 7 series: 1.\n            Letters, 2. Pension Papers, 3. Miscellaneous, 4. Printed\n            Material, 5. Photographs, 6. Diaries, 7. Typsescripts.\n            Series 1. Letters is seperated into 2 subseries: 1. Civil\n            War Letters, 2. Post Civil War Letters.","Each series is arranged chronologically by date."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAugustus C. Golding was born in Greenwich, Connecticut on\n         20 November 1833. He moved to New York and enlisted as a\n         carpenter. Golding enlisted in the Union Army on 23 November\n         1861 at Fort Hamilton, New York, and served as a sergeant in\n         Co. G., 1st Battalion, 12th U.S. Infanty, 1861-1864. He fought\n         mostly in Virginia and Maryland, returning to Maryland three\n         times between 1863-1864 to defend it. After two months\n         hospitalization in Pennsylvania and a furlough in New York,\n         Golding returns to Virginia in November 1864 to fight until\n         his discharge on 22 November 1864 at Elmira, New York.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war Golding resided in Fordham, New York, until\n         his move to Norwalk, Connecticut, on 5 March 1866. On 6 August\n         1886 Golding was appointed postmaster at Norwalk, Connecticut.\n         He died on 8 April 1915.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Augustus C. Golding was born in Greenwich, Connecticut on\n         20 November 1833. He moved to New York and enlisted as a\n         carpenter. Golding enlisted in the Union Army on 23 November\n         1861 at Fort Hamilton, New York, and served as a sergeant in\n         Co. G., 1st Battalion, 12th U.S. Infanty, 1861-1864. He fought\n         mostly in Virginia and Maryland, returning to Maryland three\n         times between 1863-1864 to defend it. After two months\n         hospitalization in Pennsylvania and a furlough in New York,\n         Golding returns to Virginia in November 1864 to fight until\n         his discharge on 22 November 1864 at Elmira, New York.","After the war Golding resided in Fordham, New York, until\n         his move to Norwalk, Connecticut, on 5 March 1866. On 6 August\n         1886 Golding was appointed postmaster at Norwalk, Connecticut.\n         He died on 8 April 1915."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAugustus C. Golding Papers, Manuscripts and Rare Books\n            Department, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Augustus C. Golding Papers, Manuscripts and Rare Books\n            Department, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers, 1859-1934, but mainly 1862-1864, of Augustus C.\n         Golding (Goldin, Golden). Includes letters, letterbook,\n         diaries, documents, pension papers, printed materials, and\n         photographs. All items relate to Golding's service in the\n         Union Army, 1861-1864, in Northern Virginia, on the Virginia\n         peninsula, and in Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eGolding's letters to family and friends describe troop\n         movements, battles, camp conditions, his health, a hospital,\n         and the weather. Golding describes his participation in the\n         following battles or their aftermath: Gaines Mill, Malvern\n         Hill, Mechanicsville, 2nd Bull Run or Manassas, South\n         Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, and Chancellorsville. He\n         occasionally presents his views on war, politics, and the\n         destruction of Virginia's cities and countryside, and gives\n         financial and practical advice. Includes genealogical data on\n         Golding's immediate family.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eHe occasionally presents his views on war, politics, and\n         the destruction of Virginia's cities and countryside. He also\n         gives financial and practical advice. The collection contains\n         genealogical data on Golding's immediate family.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers, 1859-1934, but mainly 1862-1864, of Augustus C.\n         Golding (Goldin, Golden). Includes letters, letterbook,\n         diaries, documents, pension papers, printed materials, and\n         photographs. All items relate to Golding's service in the\n         Union Army, 1861-1864, in Northern Virginia, on the Virginia\n         peninsula, and in Maryland.","Golding's letters to family and friends describe troop\n         movements, battles, camp conditions, his health, a hospital,\n         and the weather. Golding describes his participation in the\n         following battles or their aftermath: Gaines Mill, Malvern\n         Hill, Mechanicsville, 2nd Bull Run or Manassas, South\n         Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, and Chancellorsville. He\n         occasionally presents his views on war, politics, and the\n         destruction of Virginia's cities and countryside, and gives\n         financial and practical advice. Includes genealogical data on\n         Golding's immediate family.","He occasionally presents his views on war, politics, and\n         the destruction of Virginia's cities and countryside. He also\n         gives financial and practical advice. The collection contains\n         genealogical data on Golding's immediate family."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA book in this collection has been transferred to the\n            Rare Books Department of Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\n          \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eOfficial [Union] Army Register\n               for 1863,\u003c/title\u003e\n          \u003cimprint\u003e\u003cpublisher\u003ePublished by: Adjunct General's\n               Office,\u003c/publisher\u003e\u003cdate type=\"publication\" era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1 April 1863\u003c/date\u003e16 pages.\n               PD. Call Number:U11 U5P2 1863.\u003c/imprint\u003e\n        \u003c/bibref\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eItem contains a listing of officers in the following\n            departments: Adjunct General, Quartermaster, Subsistence,\n            Medical, Pay, Corps of Engineers, and Ordinance.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material - Materials Cataloged\n            Seperatly"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A book in this collection has been transferred to the\n            Rare Books Department of Swem Library.","Official [Union] Army Register\n               for 1863,\n          Published by: Adjunct General's\n               Office,1 April 186316 pages.\n               PD. Call Number:U11 U5P2 1863.","Item contains a listing of officers in the following\n            departments: Adjunct General, Quartermaster, Subsistence,\n            Medical, Pay, Corps of Engineers, and Ordinance."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any\n            materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of\n            Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the\n            copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication Rights/Restrictions on Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any\n            materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of\n            Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the\n            copyright, if not Swem Library."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003ePapers, 1859-1934, but mainly\n         1862-1864, of Augustus C. Golding (Goldin, Golden). Includes\n         letters, letterbook, diaries, documents, printed materials,\n         and photographs. All items relate to Golding's service in the\n         Union Army, 1861-1864, in Northern Virginia, on the Virginia\n         peninsula, and in Maryland.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["Papers, 1859-1934, but mainly\n         1862-1864, of Augustus C. Golding (Goldin, Golden). Includes\n         letters, letterbook, diaries, documents, printed materials,\n         and photographs. All items relate to Golding's service in the\n         Union Army, 1861-1864, in Northern Virginia, on the Virginia\n         peninsula, and in Maryland."],"famname_ssim":["Golding Family.","Golden family."],"persname_ssim":["Augustus C. Golding,"],"names_ssim":["Golding Family.","Golden family.","Augustus C. Golding,"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":50,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:06:02.855Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_viw00028_c01_c02"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1675_c03_c05_c01","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Subseries: Faulkner/Falkner Family, 1824/1964","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1675_c03_c05_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1675_c03_c05_c01","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1675_c03_c05_c01"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1675_c03_c05_c01","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1675","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1675","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1675_c03_c05","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1675_c03_c05","parent_ssim":["William Faulkner Collection, 1824/2006","Series III: Personal Papers, Files, and Realia, 1824/2003","Subseries E: Faulkner/Falkner Family Papers, 1824/2003"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1675","viu_repositories_3_resources_1675_c03","viu_repositories_3_resources_1675_c03_c05"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Subseries: Faulkner/Falkner Family","title_ssm":["Sub-Subseries: Faulkner/Falkner Family"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Subseries: Faulkner/Falkner Family"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Subseries: Faulkner/Falkner Family, 1824/1964"],"text":["Sub-Subseries: Faulkner/Falkner Family, 1824/1964","William Faulkner Collection, 1824/2006","Series III: Personal Papers, Files, and Realia, 1824/2003","Subseries E: Faulkner/Falkner Family Papers, 1824/2003"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["William Faulkner Collection, 1824/2006","Series III: Personal Papers, Files, and Realia, 1824/2003","Subseries E: Faulkner/Falkner Family Papers, 1824/2003"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["William Faulkner Collection, 1824/2006","Series III: Personal Papers, Files, and Realia, 1824/2003","Subseries E: Faulkner/Falkner Family Papers, 1824/2003"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1824/1964"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1824-1964"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":1224,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["William Faulkner Collection, 1824/2006"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":64,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Material pertaining to individual student records is restricted in accordance with the Family Education Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). Please contact the Archives with specific questions regarding access to such records."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Photocopies of correspondence between Andrew Brown and T.F. Hickerson regarding \"William Faulkner: Man of Legends\" came from original copies housed at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and are not to be quoted in print without their permission."],"date_range_isim":[1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#4/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:44.527Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1675","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1675","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1675","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1675","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1675.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/196837","title_filing_ssi":"Faulkner, William, Collection","title_ssm":["William Faulkner Collection"],"title_tesim":["William Faulkner Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1824-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1824-2006"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1824/2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Faulkner Collection, 1824/2006"],"text":["William Faulkner Collection, 1824/2006","MSS 16807","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1675","Faulkner, William, 1897-1962","American literature--Southern States","American fiction--20th Century","This collection is open for research use with the following exceptions: Material pertaining to individual student records may be restricted in accordance with the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). Please contact the Archives with specific questions regarding access to such records.","The William Faulkner Collection, MSS 16807, also known as \"The William Faulkner Papers,\" centers on the life and work of William Faulkner, a renowned American author and a foundational voice in Southern Gothic Literature.  William Faulkner was born on September 15, 1897, in New Albany, Mississippi, to Murry Falkner and Maud Butler Falkner. Faulkner was primarily raised in Oxford, Mississippi. He left high school shortly after the eleventh grade in 1915 to work at his grandfather's bank. William Faulkner would go on to briefly join the Canadian Royal Air Force from 1918-1919 before coming back to Oxford, Mississippi and holding various jobs throughout Mississippi and New York until he published his first book, Soldier's Pay, in 1926. He married Lida Estelle Oldham in 1929, and together they had one daughter to survive past infancy, Jill Faulkner, in 1933. Faulkner grew in popularity as an author after the publication of The Sound and the Fury in 1929. Though a Mississippi native, William Faulkner moved to Charlottesville, VA, in 1957 to be closer to Jill, her husband, Paul Summers, and their children. It was during this time that Faulkner began work as the University of Virginia's first ever writer-in-residence. Faulkner continued to teach at the University of Virginia in several different positions until his death on July 6, 1962.","Source: Materials within the collection.","This material may contain offensive or harmful language or imagery. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","This collection was reprocessed during 2024-2026 by archivists Elizabeth Nosari and Kaylin Preslar. The collection was originally described in 180 different catalog records and housed in non-consecutive boxes.\nArchivists worked to bring these disparate parts together to create a single William Faulkner Collection (MSS 16807) and finding aid to improve access and discoverability.","The William Faulkner collection has historically been represented by numerous different manuscript numbers (collection identifiers). MSS 16807 is a new manuscript number which serves to identify the collection as a whole. Original manuscript numbers have been retained in this guide and are noted in the title of each item.","In this example, the original manuscript number is 6074, and \"Series IA, Item 9b\" refers to the item's original location within MSS 6074, prior to reprocessing.","Absalom, Absalom! - Typescript (17 Leaves) - 6074, Series IA, Item 9b, 1936","This collection contains some in-copyright material. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.","Permissions and Publishing Page:\nhttps://www.library.virginia.edu/special-collections/services/publishing","Please note that W.W. Norton holds copyright to all of Faulkner's published works.","If you would like to publish images in print or online of original manuscript materials from our collection that pertain to these published works, including holograph drafts and typescripts, please contact: \nPenguin Random House LLC\nRandom House Publishing Group\n1745 Broadway\nNew York, NY 10019\nAttention: Permissions Department\nPhone: 212-782-9000","For permission to quote from or publish images in print or online of any of Faulkner's unpublished works or correspondence, please contact:\nW.W. Norton \u0026 Company, Inc.\nAttention: Permissions Department\n500 5th Avenue\nNew York, NY 10110\nPhone: 212-354-5500\nEmail: permissions@wwnorton.com","For permission to use copyrighted Faulkner materials in any way than listed above, please contact:\nFaulkner Literary Rights, LLC\nP.O. Box 1408\nCharlottesville, VA 22902\nPhone: 434-296-2156","Photocopies of correspondence between Andrew Brown and T.F. Hickerson regarding \"William Faulkner: Man of Legends\" came from original copies housed at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and are not to be quoted in print without their permission.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Faulkner, William, 1897-1962","Materials primarily in English, with some publications in French and German."],"collection_title_tesim":["William Faulkner Collection, 1824/2006"],"collection_ssim":["William Faulkner Collection, 1824/2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16807","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1675"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16807","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1675"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Faulkner, William, 1897-1962"],"creator_ssim":["Faulkner, William, 1897-1962"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Faulkner, William, 1897-1962"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Faulkner, William, 1897-1962","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection contains some in-copyright material. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.","Permissions and Publishing Page:\nhttps://www.library.virginia.edu/special-collections/services/publishing","Please note that W.W. Norton holds copyright to all of Faulkner's published works.","If you would like to publish images in print or online of original manuscript materials from our collection that pertain to these published works, including holograph drafts and typescripts, please contact: \nPenguin Random House LLC\nRandom House Publishing Group\n1745 Broadway\nNew York, NY 10019\nAttention: Permissions Department\nPhone: 212-782-9000","For permission to quote from or publish images in print or online of any of Faulkner's unpublished works or correspondence, please contact:\nW.W. Norton \u0026 Company, Inc.\nAttention: Permissions Department\n500 5th Avenue\nNew York, NY 10110\nPhone: 212-354-5500\nEmail: permissions@wwnorton.com","For permission to use copyrighted Faulkner materials in any way than listed above, please contact:\nFaulkner Literary Rights, LLC\nP.O. Box 1408\nCharlottesville, VA 22902\nPhone: 434-296-2156","Photocopies of correspondence between Andrew Brown and T.F. Hickerson regarding \"William Faulkner: Man of Legends\" came from original copies housed at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and are not to be quoted in print without their permission."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faulkner, William, 1897-1962","American literature--Southern States","American fiction--20th Century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faulkner, William, 1897-1962","American literature--Southern States","American fiction--20th Century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["150 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["150 Cubic Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["American literature--Southern States","American fiction--20th Century"],"date_range_isim":[1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use with the following exceptions: Material pertaining to individual student records may be restricted in accordance with the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). 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He left high school shortly after the eleventh grade in 1915 to work at his grandfather's bank. William Faulkner would go on to briefly join the Canadian Royal Air Force from 1918-1919 before coming back to Oxford, Mississippi and holding various jobs throughout Mississippi and New York until he published his first book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eSoldier's Pay\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e, in 1926. He married Lida Estelle Oldham in 1929, and together they had one daughter to survive past infancy, Jill Faulkner, in 1933. Faulkner grew in popularity as an author after the publication of \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Sound and the Fury\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/title\u003e in 1929. Though a Mississippi native, William Faulkner moved to Charlottesville, VA, in 1957 to be closer to Jill, her husband, Paul Summers, and their children. It was during this time that Faulkner began work as the University of Virginia's first ever writer-in-residence. Faulkner continued to teach at the University of Virginia in several different positions until his death on July 6, 1962.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource: Materials within the collection.   \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The William Faulkner Collection, MSS 16807, also known as \"The William Faulkner Papers,\" centers on the life and work of William Faulkner, a renowned American author and a foundational voice in Southern Gothic Literature.  William Faulkner was born on September 15, 1897, in New Albany, Mississippi, to Murry Falkner and Maud Butler Falkner. Faulkner was primarily raised in Oxford, Mississippi. He left high school shortly after the eleventh grade in 1915 to work at his grandfather's bank. William Faulkner would go on to briefly join the Canadian Royal Air Force from 1918-1919 before coming back to Oxford, Mississippi and holding various jobs throughout Mississippi and New York until he published his first book, Soldier's Pay, in 1926. He married Lida Estelle Oldham in 1929, and together they had one daughter to survive past infancy, Jill Faulkner, in 1933. Faulkner grew in popularity as an author after the publication of The Sound and the Fury in 1929. Though a Mississippi native, William Faulkner moved to Charlottesville, VA, in 1957 to be closer to Jill, her husband, Paul Summers, and their children. It was during this time that Faulkner began work as the University of Virginia's first ever writer-in-residence. Faulkner continued to teach at the University of Virginia in several different positions until his death on July 6, 1962.","Source: Materials within the collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis material may contain offensive or harmful language or imagery. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning"],"odd_tesim":["This material may contain offensive or harmful language or imagery. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16807 William Faulkner collection, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16807 William Faulkner collection, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was reprocessed during 2024-2026 by archivists Elizabeth Nosari and Kaylin Preslar. The collection was originally described in 180 different catalog records and housed in non-consecutive boxes.\nArchivists worked to bring these disparate parts together to create a single William Faulkner Collection (MSS 16807) and finding aid to improve access and discoverability.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe William Faulkner collection has historically been represented by numerous different manuscript numbers (collection identifiers). MSS 16807 is a new manuscript number which serves to identify the collection as a whole. Original manuscript numbers have been retained in this guide and are noted in the title of each item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this example, the original manuscript number is 6074, and \"Series IA, Item 9b\" refers to the item's original location within MSS 6074, prior to reprocessing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAbsalom, Absalom! - Typescript (17 Leaves) - 6074, Series IA, Item 9b, 1936\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was reprocessed during 2024-2026 by archivists Elizabeth Nosari and Kaylin Preslar. The collection was originally described in 180 different catalog records and housed in non-consecutive boxes.\nArchivists worked to bring these disparate parts together to create a single William Faulkner Collection (MSS 16807) and finding aid to improve access and discoverability.","The William Faulkner collection has historically been represented by numerous different manuscript numbers (collection identifiers). MSS 16807 is a new manuscript number which serves to identify the collection as a whole. Original manuscript numbers have been retained in this guide and are noted in the title of each item.","In this example, the original manuscript number is 6074, and \"Series IA, Item 9b\" refers to the item's original location within MSS 6074, prior to reprocessing.","Absalom, Absalom! - Typescript (17 Leaves) - 6074, Series IA, Item 9b, 1936"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains some in-copyright material. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePermissions and Publishing Page:\nhttps://www.library.virginia.edu/special-collections/services/publishing\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease note that W.W. Norton holds copyright to all of Faulkner's published works.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIf you would like to publish images in print or online of original manuscript materials from our collection that pertain to these published works, including holograph drafts and typescripts, please contact: \nPenguin Random House LLC\nRandom House Publishing Group\n1745 Broadway\nNew York, NY 10019\nAttention: Permissions Department\nPhone: 212-782-9000\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor permission to quote from or publish images in print or online of any of Faulkner's unpublished works or correspondence, please contact:\nW.W. Norton \u0026amp; Company, Inc.\nAttention: Permissions Department\n500 5th Avenue\nNew York, NY 10110\nPhone: 212-354-5500\nEmail: permissions@wwnorton.com\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor permission to use copyrighted Faulkner materials in any way than listed above, please contact:\nFaulkner Literary Rights, LLC\nP.O. Box 1408\nCharlottesville, VA 22902\nPhone: 434-296-2156\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of correspondence between Andrew Brown and T.F. Hickerson regarding \"William Faulkner: Man of Legends\" came from original copies housed at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and are not to be quoted in print without their permission. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection contains some in-copyright material. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.","Permissions and Publishing Page:\nhttps://www.library.virginia.edu/special-collections/services/publishing","Please note that W.W. Norton holds copyright to all of Faulkner's published works.","If you would like to publish images in print or online of original manuscript materials from our collection that pertain to these published works, including holograph drafts and typescripts, please contact: \nPenguin Random House LLC\nRandom House Publishing Group\n1745 Broadway\nNew York, NY 10019\nAttention: Permissions Department\nPhone: 212-782-9000","For permission to quote from or publish images in print or online of any of Faulkner's unpublished works or correspondence, please contact:\nW.W. Norton \u0026 Company, Inc.\nAttention: Permissions Department\n500 5th Avenue\nNew York, NY 10110\nPhone: 212-354-5500\nEmail: permissions@wwnorton.com","For permission to use copyrighted Faulkner materials in any way than listed above, please contact:\nFaulkner Literary Rights, LLC\nP.O. Box 1408\nCharlottesville, VA 22902\nPhone: 434-296-2156","Photocopies of correspondence between Andrew Brown and T.F. Hickerson regarding \"William Faulkner: Man of Legends\" came from original copies housed at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and are not to be quoted in print without their permission."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Faulkner, William, 1897-1962"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Faulkner, William, 1897-1962"],"language_ssim":["Materials primarily in English, with some publications in French and German."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3370,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:44.527Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1675_c03_c05_c01"}},{"id":"vifarl_repositories_3_resources_179_c02_c08","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"S.W. 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Paulett, re: property taxes (properties outside Prince Edward County)"],"title_tesim":["S.W. Paulett, re: property taxes (properties outside Prince Edward County)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["S.W. Paulett, re: property taxes (properties outside Prince Edward County), 1891/1927"],"text":["S.W. Paulett, re: property taxes (properties outside Prince Edward County), 1891/1927","Paulett Family Business Records, 1877/1929","S.W. Paulett records","box 01 of 01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Paulett Family Business Records, 1877/1929","S.W. Paulett records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Paulett Family Business Records, 1877/1929","S.W. Paulett records"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1891/1927"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1891-1927"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":26,"repository_ssim":["Longwood University"],"collection_ssim":["Paulett Family Business Records, 1877/1929"],"extent_ssm":["1 Folder"],"extent_tesim":["1 Folder"],"containers_ssim":["box 01 of 01"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes."],"date_range_isim":[1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#7","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:33:49.698Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifarl_repositories_3_resources_179","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_3_resources_179","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_3_resources_179","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_3_resources_179","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/LONG/repositories_3_resources_179.xml","title_ssm":["Paulett Family Business Records"],"title_tesim":["Paulett Family Business Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1877-1929"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1877-1929"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1877/1929"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Paulett Family Business Records, 1877/1929"],"text":["Paulett Family Business Records, 1877/1929","HS.023","Farmville (Va.) -- Commerce.","Prince Edward County (Va.) -- History.","Deeds -- Virginia -- Prince Edward County.","Sharecropping -- United States -- Virginia.","There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.","The Paulett Family has a long history associated with business in Farmville, Virginia. Richard Singleton Paulett, born in Charlotte County in 1820, came to Farmville in 1842. He was a commission merchant, establishing a partnership with John Thackston and W.P. Elam, which later operated as R.S. Paulett and Company, Paulett and Carroll, Hilliard, Hill and Company, Warren, Paulett, and Company, and then as Paulett, Son, and Company (which he operated with his son, Richard H. Paulett, who later formed a hardware firm with Charles F. Bugg). Richard S. Paulett was also involved in the tobacco business. His tobacco company, R.S. Paulett \u0026 Son (which he operated with his son Samuel Whitfield Paulett) was one of the largest exporters of tobacco in the state, shipping primarily to England and Norway. After the death of H.E. Warren, the first President of Planters Bank, R.S. Paulett was named his successor, and remained in that position until his death in 1902. Samuel W. Paulett, who later opened Paulett Crockery Company, was a veteran of the Confederate Army, having enlisted when he was 15 years old. S.W. Paulett was also a member of the Farmville District School Board from 1886 to 1920, and was Farmville's mayor from 1916 to 1920.","This collection was donated to the Farmville-Prince Edward County Historical Society by Thelma Mottley in the early 2000s.","This collection is part of the Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society Archives which are housed at the Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","This collection, which dates from 1877 to 1929, represents the business records of Richard Singleton Paulett, Paulett, Son\u0026 Company, S.W. Paulett, R.H. Paulett, H.A. Paulett, H.C. Paulett, E.L. Paulett, and Paulett and Bugg. These records include property deeds, deeds of trust, stock certificates, contracts, and correspondence.","Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society Archives","Paulett and Bugg","Paulett, Son and Co","R.S. Paulett and Co","R.S. Paulett and Son","Paulett Family.","Paulett, Henry C.","Paulett, Richard Henry.","Paulett, R.S. (Richard Singleton)","Paulett, S.W. (Samuel W.)","Paulett, Richard H.","Bugg, Charles F.","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Paulett Family Business Records, 1877/1929"],"collection_ssim":["Paulett Family Business Records, 1877/1929"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["HS.023"],"unitid_tesim":["HS.023"],"repository_ssm":["Longwood University"],"repository_ssim":["Longwood University"],"geogname_ssm":["Farmville (Va.) -- Commerce.","Prince Edward County (Va.) -- History."],"geogname_ssim":["Farmville (Va.) -- Commerce.","Prince Edward County (Va.) -- History."],"places_ssim":["Farmville (Va.) -- Commerce.","Prince Edward County (Va.) -- History."],"creator_ssm":["Paulett, Henry C.","Paulett, Richard Henry.","Paulett, R.S. (Richard Singleton)","Paulett, S.W. (Samuel W.)","Paulett Family.","Paulett and Bugg","Paulett, Son and Co","R.S. Paulett and Co","R.S. Paulett and Son"],"creator_ssim":["Paulett, Henry C.","Paulett, Richard Henry.","Paulett, R.S. (Richard Singleton)","Paulett, S.W. (Samuel W.)","Paulett Family.","Paulett and Bugg","Paulett, Son and Co","R.S. Paulett and Co","R.S. Paulett and Son"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Paulett, Henry C.","Paulett, Richard Henry.","Paulett, R.S. (Richard Singleton)","Paulett, S.W. (Samuel W.)","Paulett, Richard H.","Bugg, Charles F."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society Archives","Paulett and Bugg","Paulett, Son and Co","R.S. Paulett and Co","R.S. Paulett and Son"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Paulett Family."],"creators_ssim":["Paulett, Henry C.","Paulett, Richard Henry.","Paulett, R.S. (Richard Singleton)","Paulett, S.W. (Samuel W.)","Paulett, Richard H.","Bugg, Charles F.","Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society Archives","Paulett and Bugg","Paulett, Son and Co","R.S. Paulett and Co","R.S. Paulett and Son","Paulett Family."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Deeds -- Virginia -- Prince Edward County.","Sharecropping -- United States -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Deeds -- Virginia -- Prince Edward County.","Sharecropping -- United States -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".65 Linear Feet 1 legal-sized archival box"],"extent_tesim":[".65 Linear Feet 1 legal-sized archival box"],"date_range_isim":[1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Restrictions on Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Paulett Family has a long history associated with business in Farmville, Virginia. Richard Singleton Paulett, born in Charlotte County in 1820, came to Farmville in 1842. He was a commission merchant, establishing a partnership with John Thackston and W.P. Elam, which later operated as R.S. Paulett and Company, Paulett and Carroll, Hilliard, Hill and Company, Warren, Paulett, and Company, and then as Paulett, Son, and Company (which he operated with his son, Richard H. Paulett, who later formed a hardware firm with Charles F. Bugg). Richard S. Paulett was also involved in the tobacco business. His tobacco company, R.S. Paulett \u0026amp; Son (which he operated with his son Samuel Whitfield Paulett) was one of the largest exporters of tobacco in the state, shipping primarily to England and Norway. After the death of H.E. Warren, the first President of Planters Bank, R.S. Paulett was named his successor, and remained in that position until his death in 1902. Samuel W. Paulett, who later opened Paulett Crockery Company, was a veteran of the Confederate Army, having enlisted when he was 15 years old. S.W. Paulett was also a member of the Farmville District School Board from 1886 to 1920, and was Farmville's mayor from 1916 to 1920.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical sketch"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Paulett Family has a long history associated with business in Farmville, Virginia. Richard Singleton Paulett, born in Charlotte County in 1820, came to Farmville in 1842. He was a commission merchant, establishing a partnership with John Thackston and W.P. Elam, which later operated as R.S. Paulett and Company, Paulett and Carroll, Hilliard, Hill and Company, Warren, Paulett, and Company, and then as Paulett, Son, and Company (which he operated with his son, Richard H. Paulett, who later formed a hardware firm with Charles F. Bugg). Richard S. Paulett was also involved in the tobacco business. His tobacco company, R.S. Paulett \u0026 Son (which he operated with his son Samuel Whitfield Paulett) was one of the largest exporters of tobacco in the state, shipping primarily to England and Norway. After the death of H.E. Warren, the first President of Planters Bank, R.S. Paulett was named his successor, and remained in that position until his death in 1902. Samuel W. Paulett, who later opened Paulett Crockery Company, was a veteran of the Confederate Army, having enlisted when he was 15 years old. S.W. Paulett was also a member of the Farmville District School Board from 1886 to 1920, and was Farmville's mayor from 1916 to 1920."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was donated to the Farmville-Prince Edward County Historical Society by Thelma Mottley in the early 2000s.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Ownership and Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection was donated to the Farmville-Prince Edward County Historical Society by Thelma Mottley in the early 2000s."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is part of the Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society Archives which are housed at the Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["General Note"],"odd_tesim":["This collection is part of the Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society Archives which are housed at the Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection, which dates from 1877 to 1929, represents the business records of Richard Singleton Paulett, Paulett, Son\u0026amp; Company, S.W. Paulett, R.H. Paulett, H.A. Paulett, H.C. Paulett, E.L. Paulett, and Paulett and Bugg. These records include property deeds, deeds of trust, stock certificates, contracts, and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection, which dates from 1877 to 1929, represents the business records of Richard Singleton Paulett, Paulett, Son\u0026 Company, S.W. Paulett, R.H. Paulett, H.A. Paulett, H.C. Paulett, E.L. Paulett, and Paulett and Bugg. These records include property deeds, deeds of trust, stock certificates, contracts, and correspondence."],"corpname_ssim":["Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society Archives","Paulett and Bugg","Paulett, Son and Co","R.S. Paulett and Co","R.S. Paulett and Son"],"famname_ssim":["Paulett Family."],"persname_ssim":["Paulett, Henry C.","Paulett, Richard Henry.","Paulett, R.S. (Richard Singleton)","Paulett, S.W. (Samuel W.)","Paulett, Richard H.","Bugg, Charles F."],"names_coll_ssim":["Paulett, R.S. (Richard Singleton)","Paulett, Richard H.","Paulett, S.W. (Samuel W.)","Paulett, Henry C.","Bugg, Charles F."],"names_ssim":["Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society Archives","Paulett and Bugg","Paulett, Son and Co","R.S. Paulett and Co","R.S. Paulett and Son","Paulett Family.","Paulett, Henry C.","Paulett, Richard Henry.","Paulett, R.S. (Richard Singleton)","Paulett, S.W. (Samuel W.)","Paulett, Richard H.","Bugg, Charles F."],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":106,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:33:49.698Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_3_resources_179_c02_c08"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1869_c02_c03","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Taylor family papers (not authored by John Taylor), 1787/1898","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1869_c02_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1869_c02_c03","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1869_c02_c03"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1869_c02_c03","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1869","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1869","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1869_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1869_c02","parent_ssim":["John Taylor of Caroline papers, 1777/1794","Addition to the John Taylor of Caroline papers, 1817/1900"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1869","viu_repositories_3_resources_1869_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Taylor family papers (not authored by John Taylor)","title_ssm":["Taylor family papers (not authored by John Taylor)"],"title_tesim":["Taylor family papers (not authored by John Taylor)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Taylor family papers (not authored by John Taylor), 1787/1898"],"text":["Taylor family papers (not authored by John Taylor), 1787/1898","John Taylor of Caroline papers, 1777/1794","Addition to the John Taylor of Caroline papers, 1817/1900","English"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["John Taylor of Caroline papers, 1777/1794","Addition to the John Taylor of Caroline papers, 1817/1900"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["John Taylor of Caroline papers, 1777/1794","Addition to the John Taylor of Caroline papers, 1817/1900"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1787/1898"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1787-1898"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":17,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["John Taylor of Caroline papers, 1777/1794"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":11,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#2","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:58.310Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1869","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1869","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1869","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1869","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1869.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/240705","title_filing_ssi":"Taylor, John of Caroline County","title_ssm":["John Taylor of Caroline papers"],"title_tesim":["John Taylor of Caroline papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1777-1794"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1777-1794"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1777/1794"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Taylor of Caroline papers, 1777/1794"],"text":["John Taylor of Caroline papers, 1777/1794","MSS 2521","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1869","United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","Biography","This collection is open for research.","The records/guides for this collection's original acquisition and other previous additions can be found in VIRGO, the Library's online catalog, as well as (in many cases) on the Archival Resources of the Virginias (ARVAS) website.  See also MSS 5734, MSS 6870 and MSS 14546 for more papers of John Taylor.","For best results, search using the collection's Identifier/Call Number MSS 2521, MSS 5734, MSS 6870, and MSS 14546.","The original collection contains a letter (May 22,1778) from John Taylor in Fishkill, New York to  William Woodford about Woodford's promotion during the Revolutionary War and his feelings about the war. There is also a biographical sketch of John Taylor, and one of John Penn.","John Taylor served in the Continental Army as a major and colonel and would go on to serve in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1779 to 1785 and in the early United States Senate. He became known for his support of Jeffersonian Republicanism, with his work was published prolifically over the final three decades of his life.","John Penn was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Donald Lippincott","Taylor, John, 1753-1824","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["John Taylor of Caroline papers, 1777/1794"],"collection_ssim":["John Taylor of Caroline papers, 1777/1794"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 2521","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1869"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 2521","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1869"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives"],"geogname_ssim":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives"],"places_ssim":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives"],"creator_ssm":["Taylor, John, 1753-1824"],"creator_ssim":["Taylor, John, 1753-1824"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Taylor, John, 1753-1824"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Donald Lippincott"],"creators_ssim":["Taylor, John, 1753-1824","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Donald Lippincott"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Biography"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Biography"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.24 Cubic Feet One legal size folder (one letter and two biographies) (existing collection) 23 folders in addition"],"extent_tesim":["0.24 Cubic Feet One legal size folder (one letter and two biographies) (existing collection) 23 folders in addition"],"date_range_isim":[1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records/guides for this collection's original acquisition and other previous additions can be found in VIRGO, the Library's online catalog, as well as (in many cases) on the Archival Resources of the Virginias (ARVAS) website.  See also MSS 5734, MSS 6870 and MSS 14546 for more papers of John Taylor. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor best results, search using the collection's Identifier/Call Number MSS 2521, MSS 5734, MSS 6870, and MSS 14546.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The records/guides for this collection's original acquisition and other previous additions can be found in VIRGO, the Library's online catalog, as well as (in many cases) on the Archival Resources of the Virginias (ARVAS) website.  See also MSS 5734, MSS 6870 and MSS 14546 for more papers of John Taylor.","For best results, search using the collection's Identifier/Call Number MSS 2521, MSS 5734, MSS 6870, and MSS 14546."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe original collection contains a letter (May 22,1778) from John Taylor in Fishkill, New York to  William Woodford about Woodford's promotion during the Revolutionary War and his feelings about the war. There is also a biographical sketch of John Taylor, and one of John Penn. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Taylor served in the Continental Army as a major and colonel and would go on to serve in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1779 to 1785 and in the early United States Senate. He became known for his support of Jeffersonian Republicanism, with his work was published prolifically over the final three decades of his life. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Penn was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The original collection contains a letter (May 22,1778) from John Taylor in Fishkill, New York to  William Woodford about Woodford's promotion during the Revolutionary War and his feelings about the war. There is also a biographical sketch of John Taylor, and one of John Penn.","John Taylor served in the Continental Army as a major and colonel and would go on to serve in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1779 to 1785 and in the early United States Senate. He became known for his support of Jeffersonian Republicanism, with his work was published prolifically over the final three decades of his life.","John Penn was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Donald Lippincott"],"persname_ssim":["Taylor, John, 1753-1824"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Donald Lippincott","Taylor, John, 1753-1824"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":28,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:58.310Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1869_c02_c03"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04_c01","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Teaching, 1857/2018","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes assorted teaching materials from classes Dr. Lewis taught at WVU on United States, West Virginian, and Appalachian cultural and industrial history, with topics including mining accidents, such as the Monongah mine disaster. These teaching materials are comprised of lecture notes, syllabi, and assigned articles/texts. The dates for this subseries reflect the content – not material creation. Please be aware that the dates may not be accurate for every item within a folder/box but rather reflect the general timeframe of the subject matter. The classes included in this addendum were largely taught in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Digital materials from this subseries consist of lecture notes, exams, and syllabi. Additional teaching records are located in Series 1 of this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04_c01","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04_c01"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04_c01","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04","parent_ssim":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers, 1850/2021, bulk 1970/2021","Series 4. Addendum of 2024 May 29, 1850/2021"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Teaching","title_ssm":["Teaching"],"title_tesim":["Teaching"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Teaching, 1857/2018"],"text":["Teaching, 1857/2018","Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers, 1850/2021, bulk 1970/2021","Series 4. Addendum of 2024 May 29, 1850/2021","Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. Additionally, the reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers, so please request access in advance.Box 23 contains student records. Content with student grades must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing restricted student records, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers.","Includes assorted teaching materials from classes Dr. Lewis taught at WVU on United States, West Virginian, and Appalachian cultural and industrial history, with topics including mining accidents, such as the Monongah mine disaster. These teaching materials are comprised of lecture notes, syllabi, and assigned articles/texts. The dates for this subseries reflect the content – not material creation. Please be aware that the dates may not be accurate for every item within a folder/box but rather reflect the general timeframe of the subject matter. The classes included in this addendum were largely taught in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Digital materials from this subseries consist of lecture notes, exams, and syllabi. Additional teaching records are located in Series 1 of this collection."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers, 1850/2021, bulk 1970/2021","Series 4. Addendum of 2024 May 29, 1850/2021"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers, 1850/2021, bulk 1970/2021","Series 4. Addendum of 2024 May 29, 1850/2021"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1857/2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1857-2018"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":450,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers, 1850/2021, bulk 1970/2021"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Researchers may access digital materials in box 26 by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers, so please request access in advance.Box 23 contains student records. Content with student grades must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing restricted student records, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e. Additionally, the reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers, so please request access in advance.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eBox 23 contains student records. Content with student grades must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing restricted student records, please contact the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. Additionally, the reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers, so please request access in advance.Box 23 contains student records. Content with student grades must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing restricted student records, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes assorted teaching materials from classes Dr. Lewis taught at WVU on United States, West Virginian, and Appalachian cultural and industrial history, with topics including mining accidents, such as the Monongah mine disaster. These teaching materials are comprised of lecture notes, syllabi, and assigned articles/texts. The dates for this subseries reflect the content – not material creation. Please be aware that the dates may not be accurate for every item within a folder/box but rather reflect the general timeframe of the subject matter. The classes included in this addendum were largely taught in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Digital materials from this subseries consist of lecture notes, exams, and syllabi. Additional teaching records are located in Series 1 of this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes assorted teaching materials from classes Dr. Lewis taught at WVU on United States, West Virginian, and Appalachian cultural and industrial history, with topics including mining accidents, such as the Monongah mine disaster. These teaching materials are comprised of lecture notes, syllabi, and assigned articles/texts. The dates for this subseries reflect the content – not material creation. Please be aware that the dates may not be accurate for every item within a folder/box but rather reflect the general timeframe of the subject matter. The classes included in this addendum were largely taught in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Digital materials from this subseries consist of lecture notes, exams, and syllabi. Additional teaching records are located in Series 1 of this collection."],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-20T23:00:35.654Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2333.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/205406","title_ssm":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers"],"title_tesim":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1850-2021","circa 1970-2021"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1850-2021"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["circa 1970-2021"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1850/2021, bulk 1970/2021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers, 1850/2021, bulk 1970/2021"],"text":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers, 1850/2021, bulk 1970/2021","A\u0026M 3882","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2333","Appalachian Region -- History","History -- Study and teaching","West Virginia University  -- History","Coal mines and mining","Lumber industry and timber.","Immigrants -- Miners","Content with student grades located in boxes 1 (folders 1-2, 10, 12, 15-24), 7, 21 (folders 1-2), and 23 must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing restricted student records, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers.\n\nContent including social security numbers located in boxes 1 (folders 1-6, 9) and 21 (career materials subseries) will be restricted for 75 years after the date of record creation, but researchers may complete the Agreement for the Use of Sensitive Materials to request access to these materials prior to the expiration of the restriction. Please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department in advance to request access.\n\nContent including personnel files, like faculty evaluations and position appointments, located in box 21 (career materials subseries and folders 1-2) and box 26 (folder 4) must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing personnel files, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers.\n\nResearchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. Some of these materials are not yet reformatted and must be requested in advance.\n\nAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers must contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department in advance.\n\nAll or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.","The original order established by Dr. Lewis has been retained in much of the collection. Series and subseries have only been imposed where they accurately categorize the initial physical arrangement, allowing for the majority of Lewis's organization to remain intact. The imposed series — 1. Teaching, 2. Research and Scholarly Activity, and 3. Professional Service and Additional Career Materials — were chosen to represent the three main facets of university faculty work. Series 4 is comprised of an addendum received in 2024, and subseries have been imposed based on the existing series structure.","Many of the folder titles within this collection, including in the addendum, were created by Dr. Lewis and incorporated as-is during archival arrangement. He frequently utilized abbreviations and acronyms, especially in reference to academic institutions and professional organizations.","This collection includes a formerly separate WVRHC collection (A\u0026M 3634, Ronald Lewis, Historian, Research Notes Regarding Timber Industry in West Virginia). It has been added to this collection in its entirety at the donor's request, so that his body of work can be represented together.","A professor emeritus of history at West Virginia University, Lewis received his PhD in American History from the University of Akron in 1974.  He focused on regional studies, especially Appalachian history.  His first teaching opportunity was at the University of Delaware as an assistant professor from 1974 to 1985, where he focused primarily on the intersection of race and labor in the United States.  He was then hired in 1985 to teach West Virginian and Appalachian History at West Virginia University.  He earned emeritus status in 2008.  He has authored many books, earned several awards, and was a Fulbright-Hayes Commission Award Recipient.","This collection contains materials of various formats used and created by historian Dr. Ronald Lewis throughout his career. There are records and course materials from classes taught by Dr. Lewis at the University of Delaware and, primarily, at West Virginia University (WVU). It includes other documents relating to his work as a faculty advisor to graduate students in WVU's history department. There is extensive documentation of his research, most of which was done on Appalachian history and West Virginia coal mining, including articles he has written, facsimiles of primary and secondary sources used in his research, and A/V materials like oral histories. Records generated from Dr. Lewis's scholarly activities are included, such as book and article reviews and conference presentations. There are also materials relating to his other professional pursuits, such as his membership in historical organizations and correspondence with other professionals in the field. This collection provides a broad overview of the work of an historian in an academic institution.The dates provided are reflective of material creation, except within the Welsh Miners and Scott's Run subseries. These dates, listed in folder titles, reflect the content and were determined by the donor when he created and titled these files. Please be aware that the dates may not be accurate for every item within the folder/box but rather reflect the general timeframe of the subject matter.Born digital and audiovisual materials exist within the collection as floppy disks, CDs, DVDs, VHS tapes, and cassettes.Addendum of 2024 May 29 includes similar materials but reflects Dr. Lewis's more recent work. There are materials relating to his work as a professor and faculty member, the development of two books and other publications, and documentation of his career. Common formats include lecture notes, facsimiles of research sources, and correspondence; digital materials exist within the addendum as floppy disks, zip disks, and CDs.","A group of bound dissertations has been separated at the donor's request. They were written from 1990-2009 and focus on West Virginia-related historical subjects. Dr. Lewis served on the dissertaion committee for each. These items were passed on, to be made available in the WVRHC main stacks.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Lewis, Ronald L., 1940-","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers, 1850/2021, bulk 1970/2021"],"collection_ssim":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers, 1850/2021, bulk 1970/2021"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3882","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2333"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3882","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2333"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Appalachian Region -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Appalachian Region -- History"],"places_ssim":["Appalachian Region -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Lewis, Ronald L., 1940-"],"creator_ssim":["Lewis, Ronald L., 1940-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lewis, Ronald L., 1940-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creators_ssim":["Lewis, Ronald L., 1940-","West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Multiple gifts from Lewis, Ronald: 2008/07/25, 2012/12/20, and 2024/05/29"],"access_subjects_ssim":["History -- Study and teaching","West Virginia University  -- History","Coal mines and mining","Lumber industry and timber.","Immigrants -- Miners"],"access_subjects_ssm":["History -- Study and teaching","West Virginia University  -- History","Coal mines and mining","Lumber industry and timber.","Immigrants -- Miners"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["33.46 Linear Feet 33 ft. 5.5 in. (1 document case, 5 in.; 1 document case, 4 in.; 1 document case, 2.5 in.; 26 record cartons, 15 in. each.)","4.46 Gigabytes 745 files, formats include .pdf, .wpd, .doc, .jpg, .tif, .xls, .ppt, etc."],"extent_tesim":["33.46 Linear Feet 33 ft. 5.5 in. (1 document case, 5 in.; 1 document case, 4 in.; 1 document case, 2.5 in.; 26 record cartons, 15 in. each.)","4.46 Gigabytes 745 files, formats include .pdf, .wpd, .doc, .jpg, .tif, .xls, .ppt, etc."],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent with student grades located in boxes 1 (folders 1-2, 10, 12, 15-24), 7, 21 (folders 1-2), and 23 must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing restricted student records, please contact the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers.\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nContent including social security numbers located in boxes 1 (folders 1-6, 9) and 21 (career materials subseries) will be restricted for 75 years after the date of record creation, but researchers may complete the Agreement for the Use of Sensitive Materials to request access to these materials prior to the expiration of the restriction. Please contact the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department in advance to request access.\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nContent including personnel files, like faculty evaluations and position appointments, located in box 21 (career materials subseries and folders 1-2) and box 26 (folder 4) must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing personnel files, please contact the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers.\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nResearchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department. Some of these materials are not yet reformatted and must be requested in advance.\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers must contact the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department in advance.\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAll or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Content with student grades located in boxes 1 (folders 1-2, 10, 12, 15-24), 7, 21 (folders 1-2), and 23 must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing restricted student records, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers.\n\nContent including social security numbers located in boxes 1 (folders 1-6, 9) and 21 (career materials subseries) will be restricted for 75 years after the date of record creation, but researchers may complete the Agreement for the Use of Sensitive Materials to request access to these materials prior to the expiration of the restriction. Please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department in advance to request access.\n\nContent including personnel files, like faculty evaluations and position appointments, located in box 21 (career materials subseries and folders 1-2) and box 26 (folder 4) must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing personnel files, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers.\n\nResearchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. Some of these materials are not yet reformatted and must be requested in advance.\n\nAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers must contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department in advance.\n\nAll or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe original order established by Dr. Lewis has been retained in much of the collection. Series and subseries have only been imposed where they accurately categorize the initial physical arrangement, allowing for the majority of Lewis's organization to remain intact. The imposed series — 1. Teaching, 2. Research and Scholarly Activity, and 3. Professional Service and Additional Career Materials — were chosen to represent the three main facets of university faculty work. Series 4 is comprised of an addendum received in 2024, and subseries have been imposed based on the existing series structure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the folder titles within this collection, including in the addendum, were created by Dr. Lewis and incorporated as-is during archival arrangement. He frequently utilized abbreviations and acronyms, especially in reference to academic institutions and professional organizations. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes a formerly separate WVRHC collection (A\u0026amp;M 3634, Ronald Lewis, Historian, Research Notes Regarding Timber Industry in West Virginia). It has been added to this collection in its entirety at the donor's request, so that his body of work can be represented together.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The original order established by Dr. Lewis has been retained in much of the collection. Series and subseries have only been imposed where they accurately categorize the initial physical arrangement, allowing for the majority of Lewis's organization to remain intact. The imposed series — 1. Teaching, 2. Research and Scholarly Activity, and 3. Professional Service and Additional Career Materials — were chosen to represent the three main facets of university faculty work. Series 4 is comprised of an addendum received in 2024, and subseries have been imposed based on the existing series structure.","Many of the folder titles within this collection, including in the addendum, were created by Dr. Lewis and incorporated as-is during archival arrangement. He frequently utilized abbreviations and acronyms, especially in reference to academic institutions and professional organizations.","This collection includes a formerly separate WVRHC collection (A\u0026M 3634, Ronald Lewis, Historian, Research Notes Regarding Timber Industry in West Virginia). It has been added to this collection in its entirety at the donor's request, so that his body of work can be represented together."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA professor emeritus of history at West Virginia University, Lewis received his PhD in American History from the University of Akron in 1974.  He focused on regional studies, especially Appalachian history.  His first teaching opportunity was at the University of Delaware as an assistant professor from 1974 to 1985, where he focused primarily on the intersection of race and labor in the United States.  He was then hired in 1985 to teach West Virginian and Appalachian History at West Virginia University.  He earned emeritus status in 2008.  He has authored many books, earned several awards, and was a Fulbright-Hayes Commission Award Recipient.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["A professor emeritus of history at West Virginia University, Lewis received his PhD in American History from the University of Akron in 1974.  He focused on regional studies, especially Appalachian history.  His first teaching opportunity was at the University of Delaware as an assistant professor from 1974 to 1985, where he focused primarily on the intersection of race and labor in the United States.  He was then hired in 1985 to teach West Virginian and Appalachian History at West Virginia University.  He earned emeritus status in 2008.  He has authored many books, earned several awards, and was a Fulbright-Hayes Commission Award Recipient."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers, A\u0026amp;M 3882, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers, A\u0026M 3882, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials of various formats used and created by historian Dr. Ronald Lewis throughout his career. There are records and course materials from classes taught by Dr. Lewis at the University of Delaware and, primarily, at West Virginia University (WVU). It includes other documents relating to his work as a faculty advisor to graduate students in WVU's history department. There is extensive documentation of his research, most of which was done on Appalachian history and West Virginia coal mining, including articles he has written, facsimiles of primary and secondary sources used in his research, and A/V materials like oral histories. Records generated from Dr. Lewis's scholarly activities are included, such as book and article reviews and conference presentations. There are also materials relating to his other professional pursuits, such as his membership in historical organizations and correspondence with other professionals in the field. This collection provides a broad overview of the work of an historian in an academic institution.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe dates provided are reflective of material creation, except within the Welsh Miners and Scott's Run subseries. These dates, listed in folder titles, reflect the content and were determined by the donor when he created and titled these files. Please be aware that the dates may not be accurate for every item within the folder/box but rather reflect the general timeframe of the subject matter.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eBorn digital and audiovisual materials exist within the collection as floppy disks, CDs, DVDs, VHS tapes, and cassettes.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eAddendum of 2024 May 29 includes similar materials but reflects Dr. Lewis's more recent work. There are materials relating to his work as a professor and faculty member, the development of two books and other publications, and documentation of his career. Common formats include lecture notes, facsimiles of research sources, and correspondence; digital materials exist within the addendum as floppy disks, zip disks, and CDs.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains materials of various formats used and created by historian Dr. Ronald Lewis throughout his career. There are records and course materials from classes taught by Dr. Lewis at the University of Delaware and, primarily, at West Virginia University (WVU). It includes other documents relating to his work as a faculty advisor to graduate students in WVU's history department. There is extensive documentation of his research, most of which was done on Appalachian history and West Virginia coal mining, including articles he has written, facsimiles of primary and secondary sources used in his research, and A/V materials like oral histories. Records generated from Dr. Lewis's scholarly activities are included, such as book and article reviews and conference presentations. There are also materials relating to his other professional pursuits, such as his membership in historical organizations and correspondence with other professionals in the field. This collection provides a broad overview of the work of an historian in an academic institution.The dates provided are reflective of material creation, except within the Welsh Miners and Scott's Run subseries. These dates, listed in folder titles, reflect the content and were determined by the donor when he created and titled these files. Please be aware that the dates may not be accurate for every item within the folder/box but rather reflect the general timeframe of the subject matter.Born digital and audiovisual materials exist within the collection as floppy disks, CDs, DVDs, VHS tapes, and cassettes.Addendum of 2024 May 29 includes similar materials but reflects Dr. Lewis's more recent work. There are materials relating to his work as a professor and faculty member, the development of two books and other publications, and documentation of his career. Common formats include lecture notes, facsimiles of research sources, and correspondence; digital materials exist within the addendum as floppy disks, zip disks, and CDs."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA group of bound dissertations has been separated at the donor's request. They were written from 1990-2009 and focus on West Virginia-related historical subjects. Dr. Lewis served on the dissertaion committee for each. These items were passed on, to be made available in the WVRHC main stacks.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A group of bound dissertations has been separated at the donor's request. They were written from 1990-2009 and focus on West Virginia-related historical subjects. Dr. Lewis served on the dissertaion committee for each. These items were passed on, to be made available in the WVRHC main stacks."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f553a08ee4582b45b1194697df7d1763\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"persname_ssim":["Lewis, Ronald L., 1940-"],"names_coll_ssim":["Lewis, Ronald L., 1940-"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Lewis, Ronald L., 1940-"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":463,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-20T23:00:35.654Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04_c01"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107_c27","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Three scrapbooks containing various clippings and notes on West Virginia History with particular attention on Morgantown, 1795/1953","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107_c27#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107_c27","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107_c27"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107_c27","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107","parent_ssim":["Moreland Family Papers, 1788/1944"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107"],"title_filing_ssi":"Three scrapbooks containing various clippings and notes on West Virginia History with particular attention on Morgantown","title_ssm":["Three scrapbooks containing various clippings and notes on West Virginia History with particular attention on Morgantown"],"title_tesim":["Three scrapbooks containing various clippings and notes on West Virginia History with particular attention on Morgantown"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Three scrapbooks containing various clippings and notes on West Virginia History with particular attention on Morgantown, 1795/1953"],"text":["Three scrapbooks containing various clippings and notes on West Virginia History with particular attention on Morgantown, 1795/1953","Moreland Family Papers, 1788/1944","Box 3"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Moreland Family Papers, 1788/1944"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Moreland Family Papers, 1788/1944"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1795/1953"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1795–1953"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":27,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Moreland Family Papers, 1788/1944"],"containers_ssim":["Box 3"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953],"_nest_path_":"/components#26","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:07:36.696Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1107.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195526","title_ssm":["Moreland Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Moreland Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1788-1944"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1788-1944"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1788/1944"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Moreland Family Papers, 1788/1944"],"text":["Moreland Family Papers, 1788/1944","A\u0026M 2983","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1107","Fayette County (Pa.) -- History","Monongalia County (W. 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Also includes correspondence and other material regarding the opening of Richwood Avenue in Morgantown, which was constructed by the Works Progress Administration.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Heiskell Memorial Hospital","Monongalia County Hospital.","Morgantown Bridge Company","Morgantown Hospital Association","Morgantown Militia Reserve.","Mt. Harmony M. P. Church (Marion County).","Moreland family","Brown, John, Jr.","Chadwick, French Ensor, 1844-1919","Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961","Meredith, Edward E.","Moreland, James R., 1879-1955","Moreland, John.","Moreland, Joseph.","Moreland, Ethel B. 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For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Land Companies  -- History","Land grants - Monongalia County, (West Virginia).","Land patents - Monongalia County.","Mason-Dixon Line","Mother's Day","Slavery -- West Virginia -- Monongalia County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Land Companies  -- History","Land grants - Monongalia County, (West Virginia).","Land patents - Monongalia County.","Mason-Dixon Line","Mother's Day","Slavery -- West Virginia -- Monongalia County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.7 Linear Feet 1 ft. 8 in. (4 document cases, 5 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["1.7 Linear Feet 1 ft. 8 in. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d71a4fcc7efa733da38fb845b3b9a151\"\u003ePapers of the Moreland Family of Monongalia County. Materials include assorted land patents and grants for land in Monongahela County, Virginia and other locations, typescripts regarding West Virginia history, and assorted correspondence of members of the Moreland family. Also includes correspondence and other material regarding the opening of Richwood Avenue in Morgantown, which was constructed by the Works Progress Administration.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Papers of the Moreland Family of Monongalia County. Materials include assorted land patents and grants for land in Monongahela County, Virginia and other locations, typescripts regarding West Virginia history, and assorted correspondence of members of the Moreland family. Also includes correspondence and other material regarding the opening of Richwood Avenue in Morgantown, which was constructed by the Works Progress Administration."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6666d70a686dd51d532665976bf6a885\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Heiskell Memorial Hospital","Monongalia County Hospital.","Morgantown Bridge Company","Morgantown Hospital Association","Morgantown Militia Reserve.","Mt. Harmony M. P. Church (Marion County)."],"names_coll_ssim":["Heiskell Memorial Hospital","Monongalia County Hospital.","Morgantown Bridge Company","Morgantown Hospital Association","Morgantown Militia Reserve.","Mt. Harmony M. P. Church (Marion County).","Moreland family","Brown, John, Jr.","Chadwick, French Ensor, 1844-1919","Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961","Meredith, Edward E.","Moreland, James R., 1879-1955","Moreland, John.","Moreland, Joseph.","Moreland, Ethel B. (Finnicum)","Price, Andrew.","Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962","Shisler, Edward."],"famname_ssim":["Moreland family"],"persname_ssim":["Brown, John, Jr.","Chadwick, French Ensor, 1844-1919","Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961","Meredith, Edward E.","Moreland, James R., 1879-1955","Moreland, John.","Moreland, Joseph.","Moreland, Ethel B. (Finnicum)","Price, Andrew.","Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962","Shisler, Edward."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Heiskell Memorial Hospital","Monongalia County Hospital.","Morgantown Bridge Company","Morgantown Hospital Association","Morgantown Militia Reserve.","Mt. Harmony M. P. Church (Marion County).","Moreland family","Brown, John, Jr.","Chadwick, French Ensor, 1844-1919","Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961","Meredith, Edward E.","Moreland, James R., 1879-1955","Moreland, John.","Moreland, Joseph.","Moreland, Ethel B. (Finnicum)","Price, Andrew.","Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962","Shisler, Edward."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":35,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:07:36.696Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107_c27"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c02_c04","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Topical, 1855/1946","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c02_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c02_c04","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c02_c04"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c02_c04","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c02","parent_ssim":["Carter Glass Papers, 1820/1946","Series 2. Correspondence, 1902/1946"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_206","viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Topical","title_ssm":["Topical"],"title_tesim":["Topical"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Topical, 1855/1946"],"text":["Topical, 1855/1946","Carter Glass Papers, 1820/1946","Series 2. Correspondence, 1902/1946","English"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carter Glass Papers, 1820/1946","Series 2. Correspondence, 1902/1946"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carter Glass Papers, 1820/1946","Series 2. Correspondence, 1902/1946"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1855/1946"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1855-1946"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":3038,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Carter Glass Papers, 1820/1946"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":935,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Restrictions apply to veterans claims."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#3","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:58.310Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_206.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/146110","title_filing_ssi":"Glass, Carter, papers","title_ssm":["Carter Glass Papers"],"title_tesim":["Carter Glass Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1820-1946"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1820-1946"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1820/1946"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carter Glass Papers, 1820/1946"],"text":["Carter Glass Papers, 1820/1946","MSS 2913","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/206","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Banks and banking -- United States","Judges -- Selection and appointment","Depressions -- 1929 -- United States","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","This collection is open for research. Restrictions apply to veterans claims.","The collection is arranged into four series: Series 1. Banking: Subseries banking correspondence,  banking printed, Series 2. Correspondence: Subseries legislative, military, political, topical, greeting cards, business and related cards, honors, constituent (patronage, praise),veterans claim (restricted), and veterinary (farming), Series 3. Manuscripts and miscellaneous, Series 4. Printed and miscellaneous: Subseries newspaper clippings, articles, bills, reports and photographs, speeches, and election tickets.","Due to the large size of this collection these categories are meant as general guidelines and some cross over of subjects can be expected throughout the series. Similarly,further searching may be necessary if an area of research is not found in the identified series of the guide, for example military correspondence is located chronologically throughout the collection and as a subseries.","Series 1 Banking Correspondence is in boxes 1-43, 171-177; Banking Printed is in boxes 44-47; Series 2 Correspondence: Legislative Correspondence is in boxes 47-105, 178-180; Military Correspondence is in boxes 105-109; Political Correspondence is in boxes 109-143, 180-183; Topical Correspondence is in boxes 143-169; 183-193; Greeting Cards are in boxes 169-170; Honors are in box 170; Constituent Correspondence is in boxes 194-220; Patronage Correspondence is in boxes 220-249; Praise for Carter Glass is in boxes 250-258; Invitations are in boxes 259-264; Veteran's Claims (restricted) are in boxes 265-268; Veterinarian and farming (cows) are in box 269; Series 3 Manuscripts and Miscellaneous are in box 270; Series 4 Printed(including newspaper articles, photographs, and speeches) are in boxes 271-279; Letterbooks for 1918-1919 are in boxes 281-282.","Carter Glass (January 4, 1858 – May 28, 1946) was born on January 4, 1858, in Lynchburg, Virginia, to Robert Henry Glass and Augusta Elizabeth Christian. He became a newspaper publisher (like his father)and after hearing a speech by William Jenning Bryan in 1896, entered politics in 1902 as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives and was re-elected to eight terms. He was a United States Senator from Lynchburg, Virginia from 1920 until his death in 1946.  In 1913, he became Chairman of the House Committee on Banking and Currency, where he worked with President Woodrow Wilson to pass the Glass-Owen Federal Reserve Act and he went on to pass the Glass-Steagall Act in 1932 and the Banking Act in 1933 that made banking more stable in the United States. In 1918, President Wilson appointed him Secretary of the Treasury, where he marketed Victory Liberty Loans for World War I debts.  At the 1920 Democratic National Convention Glass was nominated for President of the United States. Many of his supporters have said that at 5'4 inches tall, his speeches and political prowess made him seem larger than life.","Carter Glass became an apprentice printer to his father when he was 13 years old, and continued his education through reading literature in his father's library. At the age of 22, Glass became a reporter, a job he had long sought, for the \"Lynchburg News\". He rose to become the morning newspaper's editor by 1887. After acquiring the afternoon \"Daily Advance\", the competing \"Daily Republican\",  he became Lynchburg's sole newspaper publisher. The \"Lynchburg News and Advance\" is the successor publication to his newspapers.","Carter Glass played a major role in the establishment of the U.S. financial regulatory system, helping to establish the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. He co-sponsored the 1933 Banking Act, also known as the Glass–Steagall Act, which created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and enforced the separation of investment banking firms and commercial banks. His banking reforms (Banking Act of 1913, Glass Steagall Act 1932, Banking Act of 1933) earned him gratitude across the country, landing him on the cover of Time Magazine twice, and honoring him with many degrees from universities.  Prior to Glass's reforms, the country's banking system was chaotic and regulated by bankers. The Glass-Steagall bill restricted banks from engaging in invesment banking. The country had suffered eight recessions between 1890 and 1914. Portions of the Glass-Steagall bill were repealed in 1999, allowing banks to combine their own investment activity with commercial banking and possibly contributing to the recession in 2008.","Not as well-publicized was Carter Glass's lifelong opposition to voting rights for African Americans. One of Glass's first political exploits was helping craft the revised 1902 Virginia Constitution to bar [African American] citizens from voting. The 1902 Constitution instituted a poll tax and required bulk payment after a voter missed elections, making voting a luxury. The Constitution also required that voters pass a literacy test with their performance graded by the registrar. When questioned as to whether these measures were potentially discriminatory, Glass exclaimed, \"Discrimination! Why that is exactly what we propose. To remove every [African American] voter who can be gotten rid of, legally, without materially impairing the numerical strength of the white electorate.\" Indeed, the number of African Americans qualified to vote dropped from 147,000 to 21,000 immediately. More than 50 years after it was ratified, the Lynchburg senator remained opposed to the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which granted African Americans the right to vote. He said in the 1920's it \"constituted an attempt to destroy white civilization in nearly one-third of the nation and to erect on its ruins an Ethiopian state ignorant, profligate, corrupt, controlled by manumitted slaves.\" Glass was in step with his white constituents in Virginia, where African Americans did not receive equal voting rights until the 1960s. In 1928, during a debate involving prohibition, Glass said, \"people of the original thirteen Southern States curse and deride and spit upon the Fifteenth Amendment — and have no intention of letting the [African American] vote\" all the while maintaining Virginia was complying with the law.","Carter Glass remained one of the strongest advocates of segregation and continued to dedicate much of his political career to the perpetuation of Jim Crow laws in the South. He sponsored massive resistance legislation along with Virginia Senator Harry F. Byrd of Winchester, another Virginia newspaperman who shared many of Glass's political views. Both Glass and Byrd were opposed to Roosevelt's New Deal policies. Each was a strong supporter of fiscal conservatism and states' rights. Carter Glass supported President Roosevelt but later criticized his policies, including the New Deal, attempts to pack the Supreme Court, third term presidency, and nominations for Federal Judgeships.","Glass had suffered from ill health throughout his life, and usually walked on tip toes because he believed that would help with his indigestion. He kept his seat in his final term in the Senate even though he was not able to be in attendance. He died in his hotel apartment in Washington, D.C., on May 28, 1946. His funeral in Lynchburg was attended by the Chief Justice, the Secretary of State, 11 Senators, 11 House members, and other notables. History remembers Carter Glass as the Father of the Federal Reserve Act but today history also considers his role in the 1902 Constitution that disenfranchised virtually every black voter in the state. The reduction in African American votes helped him politically and put him in a postion to create the banking reform legislation. Nationally, Glass might have been the architect of financial reform that stabilized the nation's banking system, but at home, historian J. Douglas Smith calls him, \"the architect of disenfranchisement in the Old Dominion.\" Harvard University named their business school, Glass House, after Carter Glass achievements in banking, but they have now changed the name to Cash House, for James Cash, the first African American tenured professor at Harvard.","Sources: \nWikipedia\nJoe Stinnett, retired editor of The News \u0026 Advance and The Roanoke Times.\nThe Roanoke Times","The Carter Glass papers, 1820-1946, 141 cubic feet, consist of correspondence, manuscripts, newspaper articles, photographs, speeches, and printed materials from his work in the Banking and Currency Committee, the Secretary of the Treasury (1918-1920), and the United States Senate (1920-1946). Subjects include: The Federal Reserve Banking Act of 1913, the Federal Reserve system, and the Banking Act of 1933 (1932 Glass-Steagall Act).","Other topics include international, national and state issues reflected in the politics of this time period including opposition to the National Industrial Recovery Act; National Labor Relations Act; Bank Holding Company Bill; Office of Price Administration; World Wars I and II; League of Nations; World Court; Democratic Party platforms and policies; presidential elections of 1912, 1920, 1924, 1928, and 1940; Senator Huey P. Long; Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal; attempted packing of the Supreme Court; neutrality legislation; disarmament; regulation of the coal industry; (business) products and services; child labor; anti-lynching law; immigration restriction (especially Chinese in Hawaii); Muscle Shoals; trade with Russia; diplomatic relations with the Vatican; Four-Power Treaty; soldiers' bonus bill; tariffs and protectionism; and national defense.","Virginia topics of concern to Glass or his constituents include poll tax elimination; African American suffrage; women's suffrage; highways; intrastate commerce; University of Virginia Board of Visitors;  Woodrow Wilson Foundation; national Patrick Henry shrine at \"Red Hill\"; gubernatorial election of 1924; Bishop James Cannon, Jr., prohibition and the Anti-saloon League; Skyline Drive; Spotsylvania Battlefield Park; Virginia Fight For Freedom Committee; operation of the Lynchburg News and Advance; and patronage requests from Lynchburg, Roanoke, and Bedford, Campbell, Floyd, Montgomery, and Roanoke Counties, Va.","Miscellaneous items of interest include a letter describing the early life of Booker T. Washington, election tickets for 1848, a 1906 recipe book, and letters concerning Glass' belief in the Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship.","Among the many correspondents are Edwin A. Alderman, Newton Baker, Ray Stannard Baker, Alben Barkley, Bernard Baruch, William E. Borah, Chester Bowles, John Stewart Bryan, William Jennings Bryan, Harry F. Byrd, Richard E. Byrd, Calvin Coolidge, John W. Daniel, Josephus Daniels, Colgate W. Darden, Westmoreland Davis, Frederic A. Delano, the Democratic National Committee, Marriner S. Eccles, James A. Farley, Henry Ford, Douglas Southall Freeman, James A. Garfield, Samuel Gompers, Cary T. Grayson, Charles S. Hamlin, William P.G. Harding, Warren G. Harding, George L. Harrison, J. Edgar Hoover,Herbert Hoover, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, Harold Ickes, Hugh S. Johnson, Jesse Jones, Joseph P. Kennedy, Russell C. Leffingwell, Walter Lippmann, Huey Long, William Gibbs McAdoo, George Walter Mapp, Andrew Mellon, Eugene and Agnes Meyer, Andrew J. Montague, R. Walton Moore, Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Robert L. Owen, George C. Peery, Edmund Platt, John Garland Pollard, A. Willis Robertson, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Dave E. Satterfield, C. Bascom Slemp, Rixey Smith, Billy Sunday, Claude A. Swanson, Harry S. Truman, Joseph P. Tumulty, Oscar W. Underwood, Samuel Untermeyer, Arthur H. Vandenberg, Robert F. Wagner, Henry A. Wallace, Paul Moritz Warburg, Richard S. Whaley, William Allen White, John Skelton Williams, Henry Parker Willis, , Edith Bolling Wilson, Woodrow Wilson, Clifton A. Woodrum, and Walter Wyatt.","There are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carter Glass Papers, 1820/1946"],"collection_ssim":["Carter Glass Papers, 1820/1946"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 2913","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/206"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 2913","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/206"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from the Glass family to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia in 1948."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Banks and banking -- United States","Judges -- Selection and appointment","Depressions -- 1929 -- United States","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Banks and banking -- United States","Judges -- Selection and appointment","Depressions -- 1929 -- United States","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["141 Cubic Feet 285 document boxes, 3 oversize flat boxes"],"extent_tesim":["141 Cubic Feet 285 document boxes, 3 oversize flat boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Restrictions apply to veterans claims.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Restrictions apply to veterans claims."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four series: Series 1. Banking: Subseries banking correspondence,  banking printed, Series 2. Correspondence: Subseries legislative, military, political, topical, greeting cards, business and related cards, honors, constituent (patronage, praise),veterans claim (restricted), and veterinary (farming), Series 3. Manuscripts and miscellaneous, Series 4. Printed and miscellaneous: Subseries newspaper clippings, articles, bills, reports and photographs, speeches, and election tickets. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDue to the large size of this collection these categories are meant as general guidelines and some cross over of subjects can be expected throughout the series. Similarly,further searching may be necessary if an area of research is not found in the identified series of the guide, for example military correspondence is located chronologically throughout the collection and as a subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 Banking Correspondence is in boxes 1-43, 171-177; Banking Printed is in boxes 44-47; Series 2 Correspondence: Legislative Correspondence is in boxes 47-105, 178-180; Military Correspondence is in boxes 105-109; Political Correspondence is in boxes 109-143, 180-183; Topical Correspondence is in boxes 143-169; 183-193; Greeting Cards are in boxes 169-170; Honors are in box 170; Constituent Correspondence is in boxes 194-220; Patronage Correspondence is in boxes 220-249; Praise for Carter Glass is in boxes 250-258; Invitations are in boxes 259-264; Veteran's Claims (restricted) are in boxes 265-268; Veterinarian and farming (cows) are in box 269; Series 3 Manuscripts and Miscellaneous are in box 270; Series 4 Printed(including newspaper articles, photographs, and speeches) are in boxes 271-279; Letterbooks for 1918-1919 are in boxes 281-282.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four series: Series 1. Banking: Subseries banking correspondence,  banking printed, Series 2. Correspondence: Subseries legislative, military, political, topical, greeting cards, business and related cards, honors, constituent (patronage, praise),veterans claim (restricted), and veterinary (farming), Series 3. Manuscripts and miscellaneous, Series 4. Printed and miscellaneous: Subseries newspaper clippings, articles, bills, reports and photographs, speeches, and election tickets.","Due to the large size of this collection these categories are meant as general guidelines and some cross over of subjects can be expected throughout the series. Similarly,further searching may be necessary if an area of research is not found in the identified series of the guide, for example military correspondence is located chronologically throughout the collection and as a subseries.","Series 1 Banking Correspondence is in boxes 1-43, 171-177; Banking Printed is in boxes 44-47; Series 2 Correspondence: Legislative Correspondence is in boxes 47-105, 178-180; Military Correspondence is in boxes 105-109; Political Correspondence is in boxes 109-143, 180-183; Topical Correspondence is in boxes 143-169; 183-193; Greeting Cards are in boxes 169-170; Honors are in box 170; Constituent Correspondence is in boxes 194-220; Patronage Correspondence is in boxes 220-249; Praise for Carter Glass is in boxes 250-258; Invitations are in boxes 259-264; Veteran's Claims (restricted) are in boxes 265-268; Veterinarian and farming (cows) are in box 269; Series 3 Manuscripts and Miscellaneous are in box 270; Series 4 Printed(including newspaper articles, photographs, and speeches) are in boxes 271-279; Letterbooks for 1918-1919 are in boxes 281-282."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e Carter Glass (January 4, 1858 – May 28, 1946) was born on January 4, 1858, in Lynchburg, Virginia, to Robert Henry Glass and Augusta Elizabeth Christian. He became a newspaper publisher (like his father)and after hearing a speech by William Jenning Bryan in 1896, entered politics in 1902 as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives and was re-elected to eight terms. He was a United States Senator from Lynchburg, Virginia from 1920 until his death in 1946.  In 1913, he became Chairman of the House Committee on Banking and Currency, where he worked with President Woodrow Wilson to pass the Glass-Owen Federal Reserve Act and he went on to pass the Glass-Steagall Act in 1932 and the Banking Act in 1933 that made banking more stable in the United States. In 1918, President Wilson appointed him Secretary of the Treasury, where he marketed Victory Liberty Loans for World War I debts.  At the 1920 Democratic National Convention Glass was nominated for President of the United States. Many of his supporters have said that at 5'4 inches tall, his speeches and political prowess made him seem larger than life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCarter Glass became an apprentice printer to his father when he was 13 years old, and continued his education through reading literature in his father's library. At the age of 22, Glass became a reporter, a job he had long sought, for the \"Lynchburg News\". He rose to become the morning newspaper's editor by 1887. After acquiring the afternoon \"Daily Advance\", the competing \"Daily Republican\",  he became Lynchburg's sole newspaper publisher. The \"Lynchburg News and Advance\" is the successor publication to his newspapers. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  Carter Glass played a major role in the establishment of the U.S. financial regulatory system, helping to establish the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. He co-sponsored the 1933 Banking Act, also known as the Glass–Steagall Act, which created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and enforced the separation of investment banking firms and commercial banks. His banking reforms (Banking Act of 1913, Glass Steagall Act 1932, Banking Act of 1933) earned him gratitude across the country, landing him on the cover of Time Magazine twice, and honoring him with many degrees from universities.  Prior to Glass's reforms, the country's banking system was chaotic and regulated by bankers. The Glass-Steagall bill restricted banks from engaging in invesment banking. The country had suffered eight recessions between 1890 and 1914. Portions of the Glass-Steagall bill were repealed in 1999, allowing banks to combine their own investment activity with commercial banking and possibly contributing to the recession in 2008.\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNot as well-publicized was Carter Glass's lifelong opposition to voting rights for African Americans. One of Glass's first political exploits was helping craft the revised 1902 Virginia Constitution to bar [African American] citizens from voting. The 1902 Constitution instituted a poll tax and required bulk payment after a voter missed elections, making voting a luxury. The Constitution also required that voters pass a literacy test with their performance graded by the registrar. When questioned as to whether these measures were potentially discriminatory, Glass exclaimed, \"Discrimination! Why that is exactly what we propose. To remove every [African American] voter who can be gotten rid of, legally, without materially impairing the numerical strength of the white electorate.\" Indeed, the number of African Americans qualified to vote dropped from 147,000 to 21,000 immediately. More than 50 years after it was ratified, the Lynchburg senator remained opposed to the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which granted African Americans the right to vote. He said in the 1920's it \"constituted an attempt to destroy white civilization in nearly one-third of the nation and to erect on its ruins an Ethiopian state ignorant, profligate, corrupt, controlled by manumitted slaves.\" Glass was in step with his white constituents in Virginia, where African Americans did not receive equal voting rights until the 1960s. In 1928, during a debate involving prohibition, Glass said, \"people of the original thirteen Southern States curse and deride and spit upon the Fifteenth Amendment — and have no intention of letting the [African American] vote\" all the while maintaining Virginia was complying with the law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nCarter Glass remained one of the strongest advocates of segregation and continued to dedicate much of his political career to the perpetuation of Jim Crow laws in the South. He sponsored massive resistance legislation along with Virginia Senator Harry F. Byrd of Winchester, another Virginia newspaperman who shared many of Glass's political views. Both Glass and Byrd were opposed to Roosevelt's New Deal policies. Each was a strong supporter of fiscal conservatism and states' rights. Carter Glass supported President Roosevelt but later criticized his policies, including the New Deal, attempts to pack the Supreme Court, third term presidency, and nominations for Federal Judgeships.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlass had suffered from ill health throughout his life, and usually walked on tip toes because he believed that would help with his indigestion. He kept his seat in his final term in the Senate even though he was not able to be in attendance. He died in his hotel apartment in Washington, D.C., on May 28, 1946. His funeral in Lynchburg was attended by the Chief Justice, the Secretary of State, 11 Senators, 11 House members, and other notables. History remembers Carter Glass as the Father of the Federal Reserve Act but today history also considers his role in the 1902 Constitution that disenfranchised virtually every black voter in the state. The reduction in African American votes helped him politically and put him in a postion to create the banking reform legislation. Nationally, Glass might have been the architect of financial reform that stabilized the nation's banking system, but at home, historian J. Douglas Smith calls him, \"the architect of disenfranchisement in the Old Dominion.\" Harvard University named their business school, Glass House, after Carter Glass achievements in banking, but they have now changed the name to Cash House, for James Cash, the first African American tenured professor at Harvard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources: \nWikipedia\nJoe Stinnett, retired editor of The News \u0026amp; Advance and The Roanoke Times.\nThe Roanoke Times\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carter Glass (January 4, 1858 – May 28, 1946) was born on January 4, 1858, in Lynchburg, Virginia, to Robert Henry Glass and Augusta Elizabeth Christian. He became a newspaper publisher (like his father)and after hearing a speech by William Jenning Bryan in 1896, entered politics in 1902 as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives and was re-elected to eight terms. He was a United States Senator from Lynchburg, Virginia from 1920 until his death in 1946.  In 1913, he became Chairman of the House Committee on Banking and Currency, where he worked with President Woodrow Wilson to pass the Glass-Owen Federal Reserve Act and he went on to pass the Glass-Steagall Act in 1932 and the Banking Act in 1933 that made banking more stable in the United States. In 1918, President Wilson appointed him Secretary of the Treasury, where he marketed Victory Liberty Loans for World War I debts.  At the 1920 Democratic National Convention Glass was nominated for President of the United States. Many of his supporters have said that at 5'4 inches tall, his speeches and political prowess made him seem larger than life.","Carter Glass became an apprentice printer to his father when he was 13 years old, and continued his education through reading literature in his father's library. At the age of 22, Glass became a reporter, a job he had long sought, for the \"Lynchburg News\". He rose to become the morning newspaper's editor by 1887. After acquiring the afternoon \"Daily Advance\", the competing \"Daily Republican\",  he became Lynchburg's sole newspaper publisher. The \"Lynchburg News and Advance\" is the successor publication to his newspapers.","Carter Glass played a major role in the establishment of the U.S. financial regulatory system, helping to establish the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. He co-sponsored the 1933 Banking Act, also known as the Glass–Steagall Act, which created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and enforced the separation of investment banking firms and commercial banks. His banking reforms (Banking Act of 1913, Glass Steagall Act 1932, Banking Act of 1933) earned him gratitude across the country, landing him on the cover of Time Magazine twice, and honoring him with many degrees from universities.  Prior to Glass's reforms, the country's banking system was chaotic and regulated by bankers. The Glass-Steagall bill restricted banks from engaging in invesment banking. The country had suffered eight recessions between 1890 and 1914. Portions of the Glass-Steagall bill were repealed in 1999, allowing banks to combine their own investment activity with commercial banking and possibly contributing to the recession in 2008.","Not as well-publicized was Carter Glass's lifelong opposition to voting rights for African Americans. One of Glass's first political exploits was helping craft the revised 1902 Virginia Constitution to bar [African American] citizens from voting. The 1902 Constitution instituted a poll tax and required bulk payment after a voter missed elections, making voting a luxury. The Constitution also required that voters pass a literacy test with their performance graded by the registrar. When questioned as to whether these measures were potentially discriminatory, Glass exclaimed, \"Discrimination! Why that is exactly what we propose. To remove every [African American] voter who can be gotten rid of, legally, without materially impairing the numerical strength of the white electorate.\" Indeed, the number of African Americans qualified to vote dropped from 147,000 to 21,000 immediately. More than 50 years after it was ratified, the Lynchburg senator remained opposed to the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which granted African Americans the right to vote. He said in the 1920's it \"constituted an attempt to destroy white civilization in nearly one-third of the nation and to erect on its ruins an Ethiopian state ignorant, profligate, corrupt, controlled by manumitted slaves.\" Glass was in step with his white constituents in Virginia, where African Americans did not receive equal voting rights until the 1960s. In 1928, during a debate involving prohibition, Glass said, \"people of the original thirteen Southern States curse and deride and spit upon the Fifteenth Amendment — and have no intention of letting the [African American] vote\" all the while maintaining Virginia was complying with the law.","Carter Glass remained one of the strongest advocates of segregation and continued to dedicate much of his political career to the perpetuation of Jim Crow laws in the South. He sponsored massive resistance legislation along with Virginia Senator Harry F. Byrd of Winchester, another Virginia newspaperman who shared many of Glass's political views. Both Glass and Byrd were opposed to Roosevelt's New Deal policies. Each was a strong supporter of fiscal conservatism and states' rights. Carter Glass supported President Roosevelt but later criticized his policies, including the New Deal, attempts to pack the Supreme Court, third term presidency, and nominations for Federal Judgeships.","Glass had suffered from ill health throughout his life, and usually walked on tip toes because he believed that would help with his indigestion. He kept his seat in his final term in the Senate even though he was not able to be in attendance. He died in his hotel apartment in Washington, D.C., on May 28, 1946. His funeral in Lynchburg was attended by the Chief Justice, the Secretary of State, 11 Senators, 11 House members, and other notables. History remembers Carter Glass as the Father of the Federal Reserve Act but today history also considers his role in the 1902 Constitution that disenfranchised virtually every black voter in the state. The reduction in African American votes helped him politically and put him in a postion to create the banking reform legislation. Nationally, Glass might have been the architect of financial reform that stabilized the nation's banking system, but at home, historian J. Douglas Smith calls him, \"the architect of disenfranchisement in the Old Dominion.\" Harvard University named their business school, Glass House, after Carter Glass achievements in banking, but they have now changed the name to Cash House, for James Cash, the first African American tenured professor at Harvard.","Sources: \nWikipedia\nJoe Stinnett, retired editor of The News \u0026 Advance and The Roanoke Times.\nThe Roanoke Times"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 2913, Carter Glass papers, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 2913, Carter Glass papers, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carter Glass papers, 1820-1946, 141 cubic feet, consist of correspondence, manuscripts, newspaper articles, photographs, speeches, and printed materials from his work in the Banking and Currency Committee, the Secretary of the Treasury (1918-1920), and the United States Senate (1920-1946). Subjects include: The Federal Reserve Banking Act of 1913, the Federal Reserve system, and the Banking Act of 1933 (1932 Glass-Steagall Act).  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther topics include international, national and state issues reflected in the politics of this time period including opposition to the National Industrial Recovery Act; National Labor Relations Act; Bank Holding Company Bill; Office of Price Administration; World Wars I and II; League of Nations; World Court; Democratic Party platforms and policies; presidential elections of 1912, 1920, 1924, 1928, and 1940; Senator Huey P. Long; Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal; attempted packing of the Supreme Court; neutrality legislation; disarmament; regulation of the coal industry; (business) products and services; child labor; anti-lynching law; immigration restriction (especially Chinese in Hawaii); Muscle Shoals; trade with Russia; diplomatic relations with the Vatican; Four-Power Treaty; soldiers' bonus bill; tariffs and protectionism; and national defense.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia topics of concern to Glass or his constituents include poll tax elimination; African American suffrage; women's suffrage; highways; intrastate commerce; University of Virginia Board of Visitors;  Woodrow Wilson Foundation; national Patrick Henry shrine at \"Red Hill\"; gubernatorial election of 1924; Bishop James Cannon, Jr., prohibition and the Anti-saloon League; Skyline Drive; Spotsylvania Battlefield Park; Virginia Fight For Freedom Committee; operation of the Lynchburg News and Advance; and patronage requests from Lynchburg, Roanoke, and Bedford, Campbell, Floyd, Montgomery, and Roanoke Counties, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous items of interest include a letter describing the early life of Booker T. Washington, election tickets for 1848, a 1906 recipe book, and letters concerning Glass' belief in the Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmong the many correspondents are Edwin A. Alderman, Newton Baker, Ray Stannard Baker, Alben Barkley, Bernard Baruch, William E. Borah, Chester Bowles, John Stewart Bryan, William Jennings Bryan, Harry F. Byrd, Richard E. Byrd, Calvin Coolidge, John W. Daniel, Josephus Daniels, Colgate W. Darden, Westmoreland Davis, Frederic A. Delano, the Democratic National Committee, Marriner S. Eccles, James A. Farley, Henry Ford, Douglas Southall Freeman, James A. Garfield, Samuel Gompers, Cary T. Grayson, Charles S. Hamlin, William P.G. Harding, Warren G. Harding, George L. Harrison, J. Edgar Hoover,Herbert Hoover, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, Harold Ickes, Hugh S. Johnson, Jesse Jones, Joseph P. Kennedy, Russell C. Leffingwell, Walter Lippmann, Huey Long, William Gibbs McAdoo, George Walter Mapp, Andrew Mellon, Eugene and Agnes Meyer, Andrew J. Montague, R. Walton Moore, Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Robert L. Owen, George C. Peery, Edmund Platt, John Garland Pollard, A. Willis Robertson, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Dave E. Satterfield, C. Bascom Slemp, Rixey Smith, Billy Sunday, Claude A. Swanson, Harry S. Truman, Joseph P. Tumulty, Oscar W. Underwood, Samuel Untermeyer, Arthur H. Vandenberg, Robert F. Wagner, Henry A. Wallace, Paul Moritz Warburg, Richard S. Whaley, William Allen White, John Skelton Williams, Henry Parker Willis, , Edith Bolling Wilson, Woodrow Wilson, Clifton A. Woodrum, and Walter Wyatt.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carter Glass papers, 1820-1946, 141 cubic feet, consist of correspondence, manuscripts, newspaper articles, photographs, speeches, and printed materials from his work in the Banking and Currency Committee, the Secretary of the Treasury (1918-1920), and the United States Senate (1920-1946). Subjects include: The Federal Reserve Banking Act of 1913, the Federal Reserve system, and the Banking Act of 1933 (1932 Glass-Steagall Act).","Other topics include international, national and state issues reflected in the politics of this time period including opposition to the National Industrial Recovery Act; National Labor Relations Act; Bank Holding Company Bill; Office of Price Administration; World Wars I and II; League of Nations; World Court; Democratic Party platforms and policies; presidential elections of 1912, 1920, 1924, 1928, and 1940; Senator Huey P. Long; Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal; attempted packing of the Supreme Court; neutrality legislation; disarmament; regulation of the coal industry; (business) products and services; child labor; anti-lynching law; immigration restriction (especially Chinese in Hawaii); Muscle Shoals; trade with Russia; diplomatic relations with the Vatican; Four-Power Treaty; soldiers' bonus bill; tariffs and protectionism; and national defense.","Virginia topics of concern to Glass or his constituents include poll tax elimination; African American suffrage; women's suffrage; highways; intrastate commerce; University of Virginia Board of Visitors;  Woodrow Wilson Foundation; national Patrick Henry shrine at \"Red Hill\"; gubernatorial election of 1924; Bishop James Cannon, Jr., prohibition and the Anti-saloon League; Skyline Drive; Spotsylvania Battlefield Park; Virginia Fight For Freedom Committee; operation of the Lynchburg News and Advance; and patronage requests from Lynchburg, Roanoke, and Bedford, Campbell, Floyd, Montgomery, and Roanoke Counties, Va.","Miscellaneous items of interest include a letter describing the early life of Booker T. Washington, election tickets for 1848, a 1906 recipe book, and letters concerning Glass' belief in the Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship.","Among the many correspondents are Edwin A. Alderman, Newton Baker, Ray Stannard Baker, Alben Barkley, Bernard Baruch, William E. Borah, Chester Bowles, John Stewart Bryan, William Jennings Bryan, Harry F. Byrd, Richard E. Byrd, Calvin Coolidge, John W. Daniel, Josephus Daniels, Colgate W. Darden, Westmoreland Davis, Frederic A. Delano, the Democratic National Committee, Marriner S. Eccles, James A. Farley, Henry Ford, Douglas Southall Freeman, James A. Garfield, Samuel Gompers, Cary T. Grayson, Charles S. Hamlin, William P.G. Harding, Warren G. Harding, George L. Harrison, J. Edgar Hoover,Herbert Hoover, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, Harold Ickes, Hugh S. Johnson, Jesse Jones, Joseph P. Kennedy, Russell C. Leffingwell, Walter Lippmann, Huey Long, William Gibbs McAdoo, George Walter Mapp, Andrew Mellon, Eugene and Agnes Meyer, Andrew J. Montague, R. Walton Moore, Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Robert L. Owen, George C. Peery, Edmund Platt, John Garland Pollard, A. Willis Robertson, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Dave E. Satterfield, C. Bascom Slemp, Rixey Smith, Billy Sunday, Claude A. Swanson, Harry S. Truman, Joseph P. Tumulty, Oscar W. Underwood, Samuel Untermeyer, Arthur H. Vandenberg, Robert F. Wagner, Henry A. Wallace, Paul Moritz Warburg, Richard S. Whaley, William Allen White, John Skelton Williams, Henry Parker Willis, , Edith Bolling Wilson, Woodrow Wilson, Clifton A. Woodrum, and Walter Wyatt."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4648,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:58.310Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c02_c04"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c11","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Track, 1896/1959","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c11#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eAT may include Athletics - Track \u0026amp; Field. AT 1900, 1903, 1920c may include Field Day.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c11","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c11"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c11","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34","parent_ssim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","University Athletics, 1892/1959"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34"],"title_filing_ssi":"Track","title_ssm":["Track"],"title_tesim":["Track"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Track, 1896/1959"],"text":["Track, 1896/1959","Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","University Athletics, 1892/1959","AT may include Athletics - Track \u0026 Field.\nAT 1900, 1903, 1920c may include Field Day."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","University Athletics, 1892/1959"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","University Athletics, 1892/1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1896/1959"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1896-1959"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":404,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAT may include Athletics - Track \u0026amp; Field.\nAT 1900, 1903, 1920c may include Field Day.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["AT may include Athletics - Track \u0026 Field.\nAT 1900, 1903, 1920c may include Field Day."],"_nest_path_":"/components#33/components#10","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:39.599Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3151.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","title_ssm":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"unitdate_ssm":["c. 1870s-c. 1960s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c. 1870s-c. 1960s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"text":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings","VerticalFile.006","Blacksburg (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History","The collection is open for research.","Mounted Clippings are arranged by subject, primarily alphabetically.","The guide to the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description was completed by Special Collections staff prior to 2015. The finding aid was completed in August 2015. The re-integration of Mo56a-i, Association of Married Students was completed in October 2019.","See also Vertical Files (successors to the mounted clippings):\nBiographical Vertical Files\nBlacksburg Vertical Files\nMontgomery County/Christiansburg Vertical Files\nRecord Group Vertical Files\nSouthwest Virginia Vertical Files","In general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","In general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university. The collection was primarily collected by library staff through the 1960s.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["VerticalFile.006"],"unitid_tesim":["VerticalFile.006"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Newman Library staff collected materials for mounted clippings through the 1960s."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["64 Cubic Feet 147 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["64 Cubic Feet 147 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMounted Clippings are arranged by subject, primarily alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Mounted Clippings are arranged by subject, primarily alphabetically."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [number of card], Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [number of card], Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description was completed by Special Collections staff prior to 2015. The finding aid was completed in August 2015. The re-integration of Mo56a-i, Association of Married Students was completed in October 2019.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description was completed by Special Collections staff prior to 2015. The finding aid was completed in August 2015. The re-integration of Mo56a-i, Association of Married Students was completed in October 2019."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003chead\u003eSee also Vertical Files (successors to the mounted clippings):\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01185.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBiographical Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01042.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBlacksburg Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01043.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMontgomery County/Christiansburg Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01186.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eRecord Group Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01044.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSouthwest Virginia Vertical Files\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also Vertical Files (successors to the mounted clippings):\nBiographical Vertical Files\nBlacksburg Vertical Files\nMontgomery County/Christiansburg Vertical Files\nRecord Group Vertical Files\nSouthwest Virginia Vertical Files"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["In general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2bfd88fb1d82a46fb92b3adac8eb3bf1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eIn general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university. The collection was primarily collected by library staff through the 1960s.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["In general, the Virginia Tech and Local History Mounted Clippings include newspaper clippings, photocopies, ephermera, unpublished and/or informal publications, and other papers relating to a specific subject area. Files in this collection relate to Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, and the activities of members of the community or university. The collection was primarily collected by library staff through the 1960s."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":440,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:39.599Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3151_c34_c11"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alexandria Library","value":"Alexandria Library","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1898\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":117},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1898\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary"}},{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":9},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1898\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"James Madison University","value":"James Madison University","hits":9},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1898\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Longwood University","value":"Longwood University","hits":24},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1898\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Longwood+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Old Dominion University","value":"Old Dominion 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