{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1893","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1893\u0026page=2","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1893\u0026page=1462"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1462,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":14616,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_658_c01_c01_c03","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"01.03: Portrait of a group of women, men and children in front of a brick wall with a white window. 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Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged into two series:","Photographs Ephemera","\"Obituaries: Sheetz, Frances D.\" Northern Virginia Daily, 18 April 2009.","\"Sheetz, James S.\" Social Security Death Index, accessed on 7 February 2011 at http://ssdi.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/ssdi.cgi.","James Samuel Sheetz of Edinburg, Virginia, was born on April 6, 1917. He graduated from Edinburg High School in 1937 and married Frances Dellinger, also of Edinburg (date unknown). James passed away on May 22, 1994.","Frances Dellinger Sheetz was born on May 23, 1918 in Edinburg, Virginia, to Lula and John Dellinger. Frances graduated from Edinburg High School in 1937 and married James S. Sheetz of Edinburg. She was an active member of her community and church, first at St. Paul's United Church of Christ of Edinburg until its dissolution, and then to St. Johns United Church of Christ in Hamburg. She was also a participant of the Edinburg Fire Company Ladies Auxiliary, the Shenandoah County Memorial Hospital Auxiliary, the Homemakers Department of the Shenandoah County Fair Association, the Edinburg Heritage Foundation, and the Family and Community Education Club. Frances passed away on Thursday, April 16, 2009, at the age of 90.","This collection came from the estate sale of James and Frances (Dellinger) Sheetz and subsequent re-sale on Ebay.","The collection originally included a leather photo album that measured 8\" by 10.25\" and was 1.5\" thick and was embossed with flowers and a spade. Photographs were separated from the original album due to preservation issues. Each photograph or any other materials that were contained inside the album have been accounted for, numbered according to the original collection number, and are included within the collection.","The collection number was updated in June 2021 from P 0001 to SC 0317 to 1. align with established manuscript collection numbering scheme with SC prefix and 2. renumber all \"photograph\" collections with P prefix. The collection name was updated from Sheetz-Dellinger Collection to Sheetz and Dellinger Family Papers to more accurately reflect the collection's creators and material type. The folder numbers were also updated to start over with box 2. No significant changes were made to the collection description at this time. ","The Sheetz and Dellinger Family Papers, 1870s-1950s, comprise 92 photographs, two Edinburg High School diplomas, an assortment of school report cards and other papers, and various miscellaneous materials pertaining to James S. Sheetz, Frances Dellinger Sheetz, and their family and friends.","Series 1. Photographs, contains eleven folders of portraits and other photographic images of various men, women, and children, presumably friends and family members of the Sheetz and Dellinger families. All of the photos are sepia or black and white, and most are accompanied by a matte frame which sometimes gives the photographer's name and is decoratively embellished. All of the images are arranged by subject matter, beginning with large groups, couples, families, women, men, children, and finally houses, landscapes, and miscellaneous photos. A large portion of the photographs are professionally done, and as a whole Series 1 offers a glimpse into the popular fashions of men, women, and children in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.","Series 2. Ephemera, comprises three folders that include school materials such as report cards, diplomas, a book of graduation name cards, and various ceremony and theatrical programs. The last of the three folders is titled \"Miscellaneous\" and consists of memorial cards, election reminder and birthday cards, a newspaper clipping, a Lententide folio from Emanuel Lutheran Church, a theatrical play booklet, and a used envelope. The memorial cards may prove useful when researching death and memorial rituals of Victorian culture in the late nineteenth century.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. 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For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased on August 25, 2009 through eBay."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Family papers","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Family papers","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 cubic feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 cubic feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Family papers","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. 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Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into two series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhotographs\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into two series:","Photographs Ephemera"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\"Obituaries: Sheetz, Frances D.\" Northern Virginia Daily, 18 April 2009.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Sheetz, James S.\" Social Security Death Index, accessed on 7 February 2011 at http://ssdi.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/ssdi.cgi.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Obituaries: Sheetz, Frances D.\" Northern Virginia Daily, 18 April 2009.","\"Sheetz, James S.\" Social Security Death Index, accessed on 7 February 2011 at http://ssdi.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/ssdi.cgi."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Samuel Sheetz of Edinburg, Virginia, was born on April 6, 1917. He graduated from Edinburg High School in 1937 and married Frances Dellinger, also of Edinburg (date unknown). James passed away on May 22, 1994.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrances Dellinger Sheetz was born on May 23, 1918 in Edinburg, Virginia, to Lula and John Dellinger. Frances graduated from Edinburg High School in 1937 and married James S. Sheetz of Edinburg. She was an active member of her community and church, first at St. Paul's United Church of Christ of Edinburg until its dissolution, and then to St. Johns United Church of Christ in Hamburg. She was also a participant of the Edinburg Fire Company Ladies Auxiliary, the Shenandoah County Memorial Hospital Auxiliary, the Homemakers Department of the Shenandoah County Fair Association, the Edinburg Heritage Foundation, and the Family and Community Education Club. Frances passed away on Thursday, April 16, 2009, at the age of 90.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Samuel Sheetz of Edinburg, Virginia, was born on April 6, 1917. He graduated from Edinburg High School in 1937 and married Frances Dellinger, also of Edinburg (date unknown). James passed away on May 22, 1994.","Frances Dellinger Sheetz was born on May 23, 1918 in Edinburg, Virginia, to Lula and John Dellinger. Frances graduated from Edinburg High School in 1937 and married James S. Sheetz of Edinburg. She was an active member of her community and church, first at St. Paul's United Church of Christ of Edinburg until its dissolution, and then to St. Johns United Church of Christ in Hamburg. She was also a participant of the Edinburg Fire Company Ladies Auxiliary, the Shenandoah County Memorial Hospital Auxiliary, the Homemakers Department of the Shenandoah County Fair Association, the Edinburg Heritage Foundation, and the Family and Community Education Club. Frances passed away on Thursday, April 16, 2009, at the age of 90."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection came from the estate sale of James and Frances (Dellinger) Sheetz and subsequent re-sale on Ebay.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection came from the estate sale of James and Frances (Dellinger) Sheetz and subsequent re-sale on Ebay."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Sheetz and Dellinger Family Papers, 1870-1950, SC 0317, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Sheetz and Dellinger Family Papers, 1870-1950, SC 0317, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection originally included a leather photo album that measured 8\" by 10.25\" and was 1.5\" thick and was embossed with flowers and a spade. Photographs were separated from the original album due to preservation issues. Each photograph or any other materials that were contained inside the album have been accounted for, numbered according to the original collection number, and are included within the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection number was updated in June 2021 from P 0001 to SC 0317 to 1. align with established manuscript collection numbering scheme with SC prefix and 2. renumber all \"photograph\" collections with P prefix. The collection name was updated from Sheetz-Dellinger Collection to Sheetz and Dellinger Family Papers to more accurately reflect the collection's creators and material type. The folder numbers were also updated to start over with box 2. No significant changes were made to the collection description at this time. \u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection originally included a leather photo album that measured 8\" by 10.25\" and was 1.5\" thick and was embossed with flowers and a spade. Photographs were separated from the original album due to preservation issues. Each photograph or any other materials that were contained inside the album have been accounted for, numbered according to the original collection number, and are included within the collection.","The collection number was updated in June 2021 from P 0001 to SC 0317 to 1. align with established manuscript collection numbering scheme with SC prefix and 2. renumber all \"photograph\" collections with P prefix. The collection name was updated from Sheetz-Dellinger Collection to Sheetz and Dellinger Family Papers to more accurately reflect the collection's creators and material type. The folder numbers were also updated to start over with box 2. No significant changes were made to the collection description at this time. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Sheetz and Dellinger Family Papers, 1870s-1950s, comprise 92 photographs, two Edinburg High School diplomas, an assortment of school report cards and other papers, and various miscellaneous materials pertaining to James S. Sheetz, Frances Dellinger Sheetz, and their family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Photographs, contains eleven folders of portraits and other photographic images of various men, women, and children, presumably friends and family members of the Sheetz and Dellinger families. All of the photos are sepia or black and white, and most are accompanied by a matte frame which sometimes gives the photographer's name and is decoratively embellished. All of the images are arranged by subject matter, beginning with large groups, couples, families, women, men, children, and finally houses, landscapes, and miscellaneous photos. A large portion of the photographs are professionally done, and as a whole Series 1 offers a glimpse into the popular fashions of men, women, and children in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2. Ephemera, comprises three folders that include school materials such as report cards, diplomas, a book of graduation name cards, and various ceremony and theatrical programs. The last of the three folders is titled \"Miscellaneous\" and consists of memorial cards, election reminder and birthday cards, a newspaper clipping, a Lententide folio from Emanuel Lutheran Church, a theatrical play booklet, and a used envelope. The memorial cards may prove useful when researching death and memorial rituals of Victorian culture in the late nineteenth century.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Sheetz and Dellinger Family Papers, 1870s-1950s, comprise 92 photographs, two Edinburg High School diplomas, an assortment of school report cards and other papers, and various miscellaneous materials pertaining to James S. Sheetz, Frances Dellinger Sheetz, and their family and friends.","Series 1. Photographs, contains eleven folders of portraits and other photographic images of various men, women, and children, presumably friends and family members of the Sheetz and Dellinger families. All of the photos are sepia or black and white, and most are accompanied by a matte frame which sometimes gives the photographer's name and is decoratively embellished. All of the images are arranged by subject matter, beginning with large groups, couples, families, women, men, children, and finally houses, landscapes, and miscellaneous photos. A large portion of the photographs are professionally done, and as a whole Series 1 offers a glimpse into the popular fashions of men, women, and children in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.","Series 2. Ephemera, comprises three folders that include school materials such as report cards, diplomas, a book of graduation name cards, and various ceremony and theatrical programs. The last of the three folders is titled \"Miscellaneous\" and consists of memorial cards, election reminder and birthday cards, a newspaper clipping, a Lententide folio from Emanuel Lutheran Church, a theatrical play booklet, and a used envelope. The memorial cards may prove useful when researching death and memorial rituals of Victorian culture in the late nineteenth century."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0327f2672b39762db576db72ac3e69be\"\u003eThe Sheetz and Dellinger Family Papers, 1870s-1950s, comprises 92 photographs, two Edinburg High School diplomas, an assortment of school report cards and other papers, and various miscellaneous materials pertaining to James S. Sheetz, Frances Dellinger Sheetz, and their family and friends.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Sheetz and Dellinger Family Papers, 1870s-1950s, comprises 92 photographs, two Edinburg High School diplomas, an assortment of school report cards and other papers, and various miscellaneous materials pertaining to James S. Sheetz, Frances Dellinger Sheetz, and their family and friends."],"names_coll_ssim":["eBay (Firm)","Sheetz family","Dellinger family","Sheetz, Frances, 1918-2009","Sheetz, James S. (James Samuel), 1917-1994"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","eBay (Firm)","Sheetz family","Dellinger family","Sheetz, Frances, 1918-2009","Sheetz, James S. (James Samuel), 1917-1994","Morrison, Hugh, 1871-1950"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","eBay (Firm)"],"famname_ssim":["Sheetz family","Dellinger family"],"persname_ssim":["Sheetz, Frances, 1918-2009","Sheetz, James S. (James Samuel), 1917-1994","Morrison, Hugh, 1871-1950"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":122,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:58:48.818Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_658_c01_c01_c03"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2090_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"02. 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For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Fifty-four financial ledgers of West Virginia University. Includes records for transactions involving the Farmers and Merchants Bank, Agricultural Experiment Station, Morrill Fund Daybook and Account, expenditures, Military Department, salaries, and legislative appropriations, among other records.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University","West Virginia University. Agricultural Extension Service","English \n.    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(7 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], West Virginia University, Archives, Financial Ledgers, A\u0026amp;M 3695, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], West Virginia University, Archives, Financial Ledgers, A\u0026M 3695, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e690, 3695\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["690, 3695"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ea9842ee74fc480bd77ebbd53363b4c8\"\u003eFifty-four financial ledgers of West Virginia University. Includes records for transactions involving the Farmers and Merchants Bank, Agricultural Experiment Station, Morrill Fund Daybook and Account, expenditures, Military Department, salaries, and legislative appropriations, among other records.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Fifty-four financial ledgers of West Virginia University. Includes records for transactions involving the Farmers and Merchants Bank, Agricultural Experiment Station, Morrill Fund Daybook and Account, expenditures, Military Department, salaries, and legislative appropriations, among other records."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_9158d8b4bdd342703b63d2cb2a499762\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["West Virginia University","West Virginia University. Agricultural Extension Service"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University","West Virginia University. Agricultural Extension Service"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University","West Virginia University. Agricultural Extension Service"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":55,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:05:55.068Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2090_c05"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c07_c14","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"#106 - Ridgeway, Robert","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c07_c14#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c07_c14","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c07_c14"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c07_c14","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c07","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c07","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c07"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c07"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files","Subseries A. Numerical Files","#93-107"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files","Subseries A. Numerical Files","#93-107"],"text":["Bailey-Law Collection","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files","Subseries A. Numerical Files","#93-107","#106 - Ridgeway, Robert"],"title_filing_ssi":"#106 - Ridgeway, Robert","title_ssm":["#106 - Ridgeway, Robert"],"title_tesim":["#106 - Ridgeway, Robert"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1887-1914, n.d."],"normalized_date_ssm":["1887/1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["#106 - Ridgeway, Robert"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":248,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#0/components#6/components#13","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:37:37.482Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1363.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bailey-Law Collection","title_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"title_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1982.002"],"text":["Ms.1982.002","Bailey-Law Collection","Ornithology","Science and Technology","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","Born in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.","Bailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.","In 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.","John Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. ","Though he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). ","Law married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey.","The guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009.","Books from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's  online catalog . ","The extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. ","This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","The collection is organized into the following series: ","Series I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.","Subseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Subseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.","Series II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.","Subseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.","Subseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. ","Subseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia  (1913) and  The Birds of Florida  (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the  Bulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History , together with sample issues of the publication. ","Subseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.","Unique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:","Subseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. ","Subseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.","Series IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.","Series V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: ","Subseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.","Subseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia . The photographs have been divided among the following categories:  The Birds of Virginia , nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.","The following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n \nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1967).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1972).\n \nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n \nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n \nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n \nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n \nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n \nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n \nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n \nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n \nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n \nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n \nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n \nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n \nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n \nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n \nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n \nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n \nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n \nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n \nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1982.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Bailey-Law Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creator_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"creators_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Bailey-Law Collection was obtained in several separate accruals. The lithographed plates from Bailey's  The Birds of Florida  were donated to Special Collections in 1980. The bulk of the collection, however, was received via transfers from Virginia Tech's Department of Biology in 1982 and from the Virginia Museum of Natural History at Virginia Tech in 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ornithology","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ornithology","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.0 Cubic Feet 36 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["15.0 Cubic Feet 36 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/368\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLaw married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note - Harold Harris Bailey","Biographical Note - John Eugene Law"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in East Orange, New Jersey on October 13, 1878, Harold Harris Bailey was the son of Harold Balch Bailey and Lillie Adams Taylor. As a child, Bailey moved with his parents to Newport News, Virginia, and in 1906, he married Ida Margaret Eschenburg. Bailey worked as a naval architect and ship broker, perhaps while living in California, then returned to Newport News. He served four years as game inspector for Virginia and Maryland before resigning in 1918 to devote all of his time to the management of his farm on the James River in Virginia. Meanwhile, inheriting an interest in ornithology from his father, Bailey had published The Birds of Virginia in 1913.","Bailey moved with his wife and children to Miami, Florida, where he worked with the Bureau of Biological Survey and published The Birds of Florida in 1925. During his years in Florida, Bailey was instrumental in the establishment of Everglades National Park.","In 1937, Bailey married Laura Beatty Law, and the couple in 1942 moved with their extensive collections to Goshen, Virginia, where they renovated the abandoned Rockbridge Alum Springs mineral spa and established the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. In 1961, Bailey established the Bailey Research Trust (later the Bailey Wildlife Foundation). Following Harold Bailey's death on July 24, 1962, Laura Bailey oversaw curatorial duties for the collection and presented it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1969. She died in Lexington, Virginia on September 18, 1975.","John Eugene Law, son of John and Katherine E. Law, was born in Forest City, Iowa, on August 26, 1877. After graduating from high school in Perry, Iowa, Law attended the University of Wisconsin and Stanford University. Obtaining an A. B. in 1900, he held a series of bank positions in Pomona and Hollywood, California for the next several years before retiring from business in 1914. In 1919, he joined the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Paid one dollar a year, Law served first as a curator in osteology and later as a curator in ptilology. ","Though he conducted considerable research (particularly in California and the Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona), published a number of papers and amassed a sizable collection of specimens, a great portion of Law's time was devoted to administrative duties for the Western Bird-banding Association and, to a greater extent, the Cooper Ornithological Club. He joined the COC in 1900 and would hold several key positions (Southern Division president, 1905, 1913-1915; vice-president, 1916-1917; secretary, 1906-1912; business manager, 1907-1925; president, board of governors, 1925). ","Law married Laura Mauldin Beatty (1886-1975) in Los Angeles on January 20, 1915. Sharing an interest in ornithology, the couple often performed field work together, especially in bird-banding. John Eugene Law died on November 14, 1931. In 1937, Laura Beatty Law married another ornithologist, Harold Bailey."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Bailey-Law Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Bailey-Law Collection, Ms1982-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Bailey-Law Collection, Ms1982-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Bailey-Law Collection commenced in June 2009 and was completed in October 2009."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's \u003cextref href=\"https://catalog.lib.vt.edu/\" title=\"online catalog\"\u003eonline catalog\u003c/extref\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books from the Bailey-Law Collection may be found by performing a keyword search on \"Bailey-Law Collection\" in the library's  online catalog . ","The extensive collection of bird skins, bird eggs, and mammal skins amassed by Law and Bailey were given to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University's Department of Biology in 1969. In 1990, the collection was transferred to the Virginia Tech branch of the Virginia Museum of Natural History. When the branch closed in 2003, most of the collection was transferred to the Virginia Museum of Natural History in Martinsville; the remainder was retained by Virginia Tech's Department of Biology. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into the following series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (1913) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History\u003c/title\u003e, together with sample issues of the publication. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. The photographs have been divided among the following categories: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.","The collection is organized into the following series: ","Series I. John Eugene Law Papers, 1891-1931. This series is arranged in three subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1902-1930. Most significant among Law's correspondence is a large collection of letters between Law and Joseph Grinnell, director of the University of California's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology. Also included is correspondence with a handful of other naturalists. Arranged by correspondent name.","Subseries B. Subject files, 1912-1930. This subseries, containing mostly handwritten notes, consists of a collection of subject files maintained by Law concerning bird species, behavior and physiology. Included are large files on toxostoma (probably from Law's 1928 article on the curve-billed thrasher) as well as the Chiricahua Mountains of New Mexico, to which Law devoted a number of research trips. Arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Subseries C. Research and field work, 1891-1931. This subseries includes materials produced by Law while performing ornithological research in the library and the field. Included are a series of research notebooks consisting largely of data gleaned from published sources. Among the field journals also contained in this subseries are notes on bird, nest and egg observations and collections made in California, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and unidentified locations. Arranged by document type.","Series II. Harold Harris Bailey Papers, 1910-1967. This series is arranged in five subseries:","Subseries A. Correspondence, 1915-1959. This small set of letters relates to ornithology as well as more general matters. Arranged chronologically.","Subseries B. Field and Research Work, 1911-1967. Bailey's field notes are contained in this subseries, as are a collection of bird banding records (which were likely commenced by John Eugene Law before being continued by Bailey), and various materials relating to Bailey's collections, including a case--used by both Bailey and his father--for collecting eggs.","Subseries C. Subject Files, 1910-1953. This brief subseries includes a handful of topics on which Bailey collected materials. Foremost among the topics is Bailey's longstanding, albeit seemingly one-sided, feud with the American Ornithologists' Union and the Cooper Ornithological Club, resulting from Bailey's stance on the 1931 A.O.U. checklist and other matters. ","Subseries D. Publications, 1913-1947. Included within these files are materials arising from the publication of Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia  (1913) and  The Birds of Florida  (1925). The subseries contains production correspondence, promotional material, and sales records. Also included are correspondence and lists relating to the  Bulletin of the Bailey Museum and Library of Natural History , together with sample issues of the publication. ","Subseries E. Rockbridge Alum Springs, 1945-1962. Various topics relating to the Baileys' establishment and operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory are contained in this subseries. Included are files on Bailey's attempt to have a flyway lake constructed at the springs, an ongoing battle with trespassing hunters, requests for game and fish stock, the possible acquisition of adjoining lands, and the creation of a naturalists portrait gallery. Throughout the correspondence in this subseries, as elsewhere within the collection, Bailey's letters overflow with vitriol and belligerence, particularly against the academic naturalist establishment. When not criticizing fellow naturalists, he directs barbs against such general topics as the New Deal, the Civil Rights Movement, and communism.","Series III. Naturalists Biographical Files, 1825-1971. Comprising the core of the collection, the biographical files represent the Baileys' attempt to compile reference files on 19th- and 20- century naturalists. (The Baileys had titled the collection the Naturalist Autograph Files, but because the collection comprises more than autographs, it was given a broader title during processing.) The collection contains a broad scope of materials, ranging from correspondence to field notes, biographical sketches, printed materials, and photographs. Included among these are items that the Baileys \"inherited\" from other naturalists, as well as materials on a few individuals not known as naturalists, including letters signed by U. S. President Herbert Hoover and author James Branch Cabell, as well as a painting by artist Carl Moon.","Unique among the materials in this series is an autograph book maintained by Harold Balch Bailey, containing the autographs of notable 19th-century personages, including U. S. presidents and other political leaders; Union Army generals; authors; musicians; and artists. Also among the elder Bailey's papers are some documents regarding a 19th-century Massachusetts militia, including an item signed by John Quincy Adams. Other unusual items include Charles Townsend's file of material on Easter Island and a notebook of natural science observations maintained by Herman Haupt Jr. The series is arranged in two subseries:","Subseries A. Numerical files, 1825-1970. The files in this subseries comprise the Baileys' original \"Naturalist Autograph Files\" and remain as the couple compiled them. Each name is associated with a unique number, and the files are arranged numerically, with two indexes to the collection at the end. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries II. ","Subseries B. Alphabetical files, 1836-1971. The files in this subseries were compiled from materials found loose within the collection. The items seem to have been intended by the Baileys for their autograph files but had yet to be integrated. The collection includes the same types of materials found in the numbered folders but is arranged alphabetically. Many of the names represented in these files may also be found in Subseries I. At the end of the subseries is a bound set of various collectors' egg catalogs.","Series IV. Printed Material, 1882-1969. This series includes a small selection of printed materials deemed best left with the manuscript collection when other printed materials were transferred to the Rare Book Collection. Most significant among the holdings are materials of the Cooper Ornithological Club / Cooper Ornithological Society and a collection of catalogs offering bird eggs, bird skins, cabinetry, and supplies for ornithologists, naturalists and taxidermists. Arranged by subject matter.","Series V. Images, 1904-1942. This series is arranged by format in two subseries: ","Subseries A. Color Plates and Other Illustrations, 1913-1922. This subseries consists largely of color plates detached from various illustrated publications, as well as sets of color prints. Other illustrations and paintings associated with individuals may be found in Series III.","Subseries B. Photographs, 1902-1937. Considering the breadth of Bailey and Law's research and collecting activities during a span of several decades, the collection contains relatively few photographs. Included is are full sets of original photos and half-tones used for Bailey's  The Birds of Virginia . The photographs have been divided among the following categories:  The Birds of Virginia , nests and eggs, birds, people, exhibits, specimens, and scenery. Included among the scenery are a few photos and postcards of Mountain Lake, the Cascades and Castle Rock in Giles County, Virginia. Photographs made by and of identified naturalists may be found in Series III."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n\u003clist\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026amp; Co., 1967).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026amp; Co., 1972).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following maps from the collection were transferred to the Historical Map Collection:\n \nAlleghany County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBland County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nBotetourt County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCarroll County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nCraig County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1967).\n \nDelaware - Maryland - Virginia - West Virginia ([S.l.]: Rand McNally \u0026 Co., 1972).\n \nDelaware, Maryland, Virginia-West Virginia (San Jose, CA: H. M. Gousha Co., 1973).\n \nFloyd County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGeological Map of the Dominion of Canada ([Ottawa]: Department of the Interior, 1909).\n \nGeorge Washington National Forest, Virginia-West Virginia ([Washington, DC]: U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1950).\n \nGiles County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nGrayson County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nMap of Mexico (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1916).\n \nMap of the New Balkan States and Central Europe ([S.l.: National Geographic Society, [1914?]).\n \nMaryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia Road Map for 1930 (New York: General Drafting Co., 1938).\n \nMillboro, Virginia Quadrangle (Washington, DC: U. S. Geological Survey, 1949).\n \nThe National Geographic Magazine Map of Mexico ([Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1911?]).\n \nPatrick County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1941).\n \nPittsylvania County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1942).\n \nPittsylvania County [subdivisions] (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1942?]).\n \nPresenting Your Map of Rockbridge County, Virginia (Portland, OR: Western States Map Company, [n.d.]).\n \nPulaski County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n \nRoanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1940).\n \nShell Official Road Map of Delaware - Maryland - Virginia - W. Virginia, n.d. (Chicago: H. M. Gousha Co., [1938].\n \nSovereignty and Mandate Boundary Lines in 1921 of the Islands of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1921).\n \nSubdivisions of Roanoke County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, [1940]).\n \nTerritory of Arizona ([Washington, D.C.: Government Land Office], 1903).\n \nTopographical Map of the Guy's Run Iron Lands, Rockbridge Co., Va. (Staunton, VA: Eng. Office of Jed. Hotchkiss, 1878). [reproduction]\n \nWise County, Showing the Primary and Secondary Highway Systems (Richmond: Virginia Department of Highways, 1947).\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f419c7b4e4e2820af0c941b645e14b03\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Birds of Florida\u003c/title\u003e, as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of ornithologists John Eugene Law and Harold H. Bailey, including notes on bird species, habitat, and behavior; correspondence; field journals; printed materials; photographs and other images. Among Bailey's papers are files relating to his books,  The Birds of Virginia  and  The Birds of Florida , as well as his operation of the Rockbridge Alum Springs Biological Laboratory. Also includes biographical files on hundreds of other naturalists and ornithologists, including such materials as correspondence, writings, photographs, field notes, and biographical sketches."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"persname_ssim":["Bailey, Harold H. (Harold Harris), 1878-1962","Law, John Eugene, 1877-1931"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1290,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:37:37.482Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1363_c03_c01_c07_c14"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c66","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"10th Virginia Cavalry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c66#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c66","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c66"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c66","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","10th Virginia Cavalry","box 41","folder 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"10th Virginia Cavalry","title_ssm":["10th Virginia Cavalry"],"title_tesim":["10th Virginia Cavalry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1861-1865, 1969"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1969"],"normalized_title_ssm":["10th Virginia Cavalry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":412,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969],"containers_ssim":["box 41","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#65","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:35:47.968Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:35:47.968Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c66"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_612_c01_c75","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1-15 June 1942 - [Excerpts of documents, documents]","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_612_c01_c75#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_612_c01_c75","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_4_resources_612_c01_c75"],"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_612_c01_c75","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_612","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_612","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_612_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_612_c01","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_612","viu_repositories_4_resources_612_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_612","viu_repositories_4_resources_612_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richard J. DeMartino papers","Series 1: Ephemeris Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richard J. DeMartino papers","Series 1: Ephemeris Files"],"text":["Richard J. DeMartino papers","Series 1: Ephemeris Files","1-15 June 1942 - [Excerpts of documents, documents]","Box 10"],"title_filing_ssi":"1-15 June 1942 - [Excerpts of documents, documents]","title_ssm":["1-15 June 1942 - [Excerpts of documents, documents]"],"title_tesim":["1-15 June 1942 - [Excerpts of documents, documents]"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1042-06-01-1942-06-15"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1042/1942"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1-15 June 1942 - [Excerpts of documents, documents]"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Richard J. 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10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#74","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:41:59.842Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_612","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_612","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_612","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_612","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_612.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/132893","title_ssm":["Richard J. DeMartino papers"],"title_tesim":["Richard J. DeMartino papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1910 - 1965"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1910 - 1965"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.2017.02","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/612"],"text":["MSS.2017.02","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/612","Richard J. DeMartino papers","France -- Foreign relations -- Japan -- 1940-1945","Japan -- History -- February Incident, 1936 (February 26)","Japan -- Foreign relations -- 1912-1945","Netherlands -- Foreign relations -- 1898-1948","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- 1917-1945","Thailand -- Foreign relations -- Japan","Philippines -- History -- Japanese occupation, 1942-1945","Prisoners of war -- Japan","Midway, Battle of, 1942","Bismarck Sea, Battle of, 1943","Pearl Harbor (Hawaii), Attack on, 1941","Thai-Indochinese Conflict, 1940-1941","Tokyo Trial, Tokyo, Japan, 1946-1948","War crime trials -- Japan","World War, 1939-1945 -- Personal narratives, Japanese","World War, 1939-1945 -- Personal narratives, American","World War, 1939-1945 -- Campaigns -- Japan","World War, 1939-1945 -- Campaigns -- Indonesia","World War, 1939-1945 -- Prisoners and prisons, British","diaries","photographs","Mr. DeMartino personal records show the offer that the General Headquarters of the Supreme Commander for the Allied Forces, Office of Civilian Personnel offer Lt. Richard J. DeMartino as Historical Advisor, P-5 in the \"War Department with duty station in the occupation area (Japan and Korea). The date was April 10, 1946.","In the personal statement that DeMartino filled, he certified that he was born on August 28, 1922 in New York, NY. He attended Galvani Junior High School and Benjamin Franklin High School (1932-1938) and The City College of New York (1938-1942) B.S in Social Sciences. He was member of the Phi Beta Kappa and the History Society. He worked for New York State Civil Service (September – December 1942). In 1942 he entered the US Navy. He was honorably discharged from in July 2, 1943. He also states that he has \"fair\" knowledge of the Italian and Japanese languages and that both his parents were immigrants, born in Italy.","Mr. DeMartino contract as historical advisor terminated on April 17, 1947, but he continued working in the same capacity until May 19, 1948. In his memorandum of resignation DeMartino asks: \n\"permission to retain court record and other materials used in connection with the trial is believed forthcoming. This will require a baggage allowance for shipping in excess of the usual allotment.\" [See DeMartino Civilian Personnel Record folder, box 1]","This collection was organized by Richard J. DeMartino during his tenure as one of the \"historian advisors\" to the International Military Tribunal for the Far East between 1946-1948. ","The files contain excerpts of official documents, documents, and DeMartino's handwritten notes. Excerpts from the diary of Marquis Kōichi Kido are present in each file, as if DeMartino was using Kido's notes as a guide to the research he was working on. There are also many excerpts from Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States Japan: 1931-1941, Washinton: U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1943, 2 v.","The collection is divided in 5 series and two files of unrelated materials to the IMTFE:","Series 1: Ephemeris Files – consist of a detail account of day to day information beginning 1 – 10 January 1936- 10 March; 10 March 1941 to 1948.","Series 2: Onomastic Files – consist of files of persons related to the IMTFE.","Series 3: Miscellaneous Files: translations and other related files.","Series 4: Printed materials","Series 5: Photographs","Other materials not related to the IMTFE","DeMartino inscribed the documents with two annotations: a last name and a number. Special Collections kept these annotations between brackets [ ]. ","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Asahi Shimbun","International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE)","Mainichi Shimbun","Osaka Mainichi","The Japan Times","The Nippon Times","The Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun","DeMartino, Richard J., 1922-2013","Araki, Sadao, 1877-1966","Bagge, Widar, 1886-1970","Ballantine, Joseph W., 1888-1973","Ching-wei, Wang, 1883-1944","Churchill, Winston S., 1874-1965","Cumming, William P., 1900-1989","Davis, Norman H., 1878-1944","Dooman, Eugene H., 1890-1969","Goering, Hermann Wilhelm, 1893-1946","Gorgé, Camille, 1893-1978","Grew, Joseph C., 1880-1965","Hashimoto, Kingoro, 1890-1957","Hata, Shunroku, 1879-1962","Hatoyama, Ichiro, 1883-1959","Higashikuni, Naruhiko, 1887-1990","Hiranuma, Kiichiro, 1867-1952","Hirohito, Michinomiya, 1901-1989","Hirota, Koki, 1878-1948","Hoshino, Naoki, 1883-1978","Hull, Cordell, 1871-1955","Ishihara, Kanji, 1889-1949","Ishii, Shiro, 1882-1959","Ishiwata, Sotaro, 1891-1950","Itagaki, Seishiro, 1885-1948 ","Iwabuchi, Tatsuo, 1892-1975 ","Kato, Sotomatsu, 1890-1942 ","Kaya, Okinori, 1889-1977 ","Keenan, Joseph B., 1888-1954 ","Kido, Koichi, 1889-1977","Kimura, Heitaro, 1888-1948","Koiso, Kuniaki, 1880-1950 ","Konoe, Fumimaro, 1891-1945","Kurusu, Saburo, 1886-1954","Matsui, Iwane, 1878-1948","Matsumoto, Shunichi, 1897-1987","Matsuoka, Yosuke, 1880-1946","Minami, Jiro, 1874-1955","Muto, Akira, 1892-1948","Nagano, Osami, 1880-1947","Nomura, Kichisaburo, 1877-1964","Nomura, Naokuni, 1885-1973","Oka, Takazumi, 1890-1973","Okada, Keisuke, 1868-1952","Oshima, Hiroshi, 1886-1975","Ribbentrop, Joachim, 1893-1946","Roosevelt, Franklin D., 1882-1945","Sato, Kenryo, 1895-1975","Sawada, Shigeru, 1887-1980","Shigemitsu, Mamoru, 1887-1957","Shimada, Shigetaro, 1883-1976","Shiratori, Toshio, 1887-1949","Sorge, Richard, 1895-1944","Suzuki, Teiichi, 1888-1989","Tanaka, Ryukichi, 1893-1972","Tanaka, Shinichi, 1893-1976","Tani, Masayuki, 1889-1962","Terasaki, Hidenari (Taro), 1890-1951","Togo, Shigenori, 1882-1950","Tojo, Hideki, 1884-1948","Tomita, Kenji, 1897-1977","Toyoda, Teijiro, 1885-1971","Umezu, Yoshijiro, 1882-1949","Welles, Sumner, 1892-1961","Yamamoto, Isoroku, 1884-1943","Yamamoto, Kumaichi","Yoshida, Shigeru, 1878-1967","Yoshizawa, Kenkichi, 1874-1965","English Japanese"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.2017.02","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/612"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richard J. DeMartino papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richard J. DeMartino papers"],"collection_ssim":["Richard J. DeMartino papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["France -- Foreign relations -- Japan -- 1940-1945","Japan -- History -- February Incident, 1936 (February 26)","Japan -- Foreign relations -- 1912-1945","Netherlands -- Foreign relations -- 1898-1948","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- 1917-1945","Thailand -- Foreign relations -- Japan"],"geogname_ssim":["France -- Foreign relations -- Japan -- 1940-1945","Japan -- History -- February Incident, 1936 (February 26)","Japan -- Foreign relations -- 1912-1945","Netherlands -- Foreign relations -- 1898-1948","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- 1917-1945","Thailand -- Foreign relations -- Japan"],"creator_ssm":["DeMartino, Richard J., 1922-2013"],"creator_ssim":["DeMartino, Richard J., 1922-2013"],"creator_persname_ssim":["DeMartino, Richard J., 1922-2013"],"creators_ssim":["DeMartino, Richard J., 1922-2013"],"places_ssim":["France -- Foreign relations -- Japan -- 1940-1945","Japan -- History -- February Incident, 1936 (February 26)","Japan -- Foreign relations -- 1912-1945","Netherlands -- Foreign relations -- 1898-1948","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- 1917-1945","Thailand -- Foreign relations -- Japan"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to the Law Library in the Summer of 2017. Prof. Jamie Sedwick of Acadia University in Nova Scotia contacted the Special Collections Department to alert us of the existence of the papers and asked if we were interested in them.  The library immediately contacted Ms. Kathleen O'Shea, Mr. DeMartino's wife and after some negotiations the papers arrived in Charlottesville in September of 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Philippines -- History -- Japanese occupation, 1942-1945","Prisoners of war -- Japan","Midway, Battle of, 1942","Bismarck Sea, Battle of, 1943","Pearl Harbor (Hawaii), Attack on, 1941","Thai-Indochinese Conflict, 1940-1941","Tokyo Trial, Tokyo, Japan, 1946-1948","War crime trials -- Japan","World War, 1939-1945 -- Personal narratives, Japanese","World War, 1939-1945 -- Personal narratives, American","World War, 1939-1945 -- Campaigns -- Japan","World War, 1939-1945 -- Campaigns -- Indonesia","World War, 1939-1945 -- Prisoners and prisons, British","diaries","photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Philippines -- History -- Japanese occupation, 1942-1945","Prisoners of war -- Japan","Midway, Battle of, 1942","Bismarck Sea, Battle of, 1943","Pearl Harbor (Hawaii), Attack on, 1941","Thai-Indochinese Conflict, 1940-1941","Tokyo Trial, Tokyo, Japan, 1946-1948","War crime trials -- Japan","World War, 1939-1945 -- Personal narratives, Japanese","World War, 1939-1945 -- Personal narratives, American","World War, 1939-1945 -- Campaigns -- Japan","World War, 1939-1945 -- Campaigns -- Indonesia","World War, 1939-1945 -- Prisoners and prisons, British","diaries","photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["14 Cubic Feet 34 archival boxes, plus some oversized items."],"extent_tesim":["14 Cubic Feet 34 archival boxes, plus some oversized items."],"genreform_ssim":["diaries","photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMr. DeMartino personal records show the offer that the General Headquarters of the Supreme Commander for the Allied Forces, Office of Civilian Personnel offer Lt. Richard J. DeMartino as Historical Advisor, P-5 in the \"War Department with duty station in the occupation area (Japan and Korea). The date was April 10, 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the personal statement that DeMartino filled, he certified that he was born on August 28, 1922 in New York, NY. He attended Galvani Junior High School and Benjamin Franklin High School (1932-1938) and The City College of New York (1938-1942) B.S in Social Sciences. He was member of the Phi Beta Kappa and the History Society. He worked for New York State Civil Service (September – December 1942). In 1942 he entered the US Navy. He was honorably discharged from in July 2, 1943. He also states that he has \"fair\" knowledge of the Italian and Japanese languages and that both his parents were immigrants, born in Italy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMr. DeMartino contract as historical advisor terminated on April 17, 1947, but he continued working in the same capacity until May 19, 1948. In his memorandum of resignation DeMartino asks: \n\"permission to retain court record and other materials used in connection with the trial is believed forthcoming. This will require a baggage allowance for shipping in excess of the usual allotment.\" [See DeMartino Civilian Personnel Record folder, box 1]\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mr. DeMartino personal records show the offer that the General Headquarters of the Supreme Commander for the Allied Forces, Office of Civilian Personnel offer Lt. Richard J. DeMartino as Historical Advisor, P-5 in the \"War Department with duty station in the occupation area (Japan and Korea). The date was April 10, 1946.","In the personal statement that DeMartino filled, he certified that he was born on August 28, 1922 in New York, NY. He attended Galvani Junior High School and Benjamin Franklin High School (1932-1938) and The City College of New York (1938-1942) B.S in Social Sciences. He was member of the Phi Beta Kappa and the History Society. He worked for New York State Civil Service (September – December 1942). In 1942 he entered the US Navy. He was honorably discharged from in July 2, 1943. He also states that he has \"fair\" knowledge of the Italian and Japanese languages and that both his parents were immigrants, born in Italy.","Mr. DeMartino contract as historical advisor terminated on April 17, 1947, but he continued working in the same capacity until May 19, 1948. In his memorandum of resignation DeMartino asks: \n\"permission to retain court record and other materials used in connection with the trial is believed forthcoming. This will require a baggage allowance for shipping in excess of the usual allotment.\" [See DeMartino Civilian Personnel Record folder, box 1]"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was organized by Richard J. DeMartino during his tenure as one of the \"historian advisors\" to the International Military Tribunal for the Far East between 1946-1948. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe files contain excerpts of official documents, documents, and DeMartino's handwritten notes. Excerpts from the diary of Marquis Kōichi Kido are present in each file, as if DeMartino was using Kido's notes as a guide to the research he was working on. There are also many excerpts from Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States Japan: 1931-1941, Washinton: U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1943, 2 v.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided in 5 series and two files of unrelated materials to the IMTFE:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Ephemeris Files – consist of a detail account of day to day information beginning 1 – 10 January 1936- 10 March; 10 March 1941 to 1948.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Onomastic Files – consist of files of persons related to the IMTFE.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Miscellaneous Files: translations and other related files.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Printed materials\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Photographs\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther materials not related to the IMTFE\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDeMartino inscribed the documents with two annotations: a last name and a number. Special Collections kept these annotations between brackets [ ]. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection was organized by Richard J. DeMartino during his tenure as one of the \"historian advisors\" to the International Military Tribunal for the Far East between 1946-1948. ","The files contain excerpts of official documents, documents, and DeMartino's handwritten notes. Excerpts from the diary of Marquis Kōichi Kido are present in each file, as if DeMartino was using Kido's notes as a guide to the research he was working on. There are also many excerpts from Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States Japan: 1931-1941, Washinton: U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1943, 2 v.","The collection is divided in 5 series and two files of unrelated materials to the IMTFE:","Series 1: Ephemeris Files – consist of a detail account of day to day information beginning 1 – 10 January 1936- 10 March; 10 March 1941 to 1948.","Series 2: Onomastic Files – consist of files of persons related to the IMTFE.","Series 3: Miscellaneous Files: translations and other related files.","Series 4: Printed materials","Series 5: Photographs","Other materials not related to the IMTFE","DeMartino inscribed the documents with two annotations: a last name and a number. Special Collections kept these annotations between brackets [ ]. "],"names_coll_ssim":["Asahi Shimbun","International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE)","Mainichi Shimbun","Osaka Mainichi","The Japan Times","The Nippon Times","The Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun","DeMartino, Richard J., 1922-2013","Araki, Sadao, 1877-1966","Bagge, Widar, 1886-1970","Ballantine, Joseph W., 1888-1973","Ching-wei, Wang, 1883-1944","Churchill, Winston S., 1874-1965","Cumming, William P., 1900-1989","Davis, Norman H., 1878-1944","Dooman, Eugene H., 1890-1969","Goering, Hermann Wilhelm, 1893-1946","Gorgé, Camille, 1893-1978","Grew, Joseph C., 1880-1965","Hashimoto, Kingoro, 1890-1957","Hata, Shunroku, 1879-1962","Hatoyama, Ichiro, 1883-1959","Higashikuni, Naruhiko, 1887-1990","Hiranuma, Kiichiro, 1867-1952","Hirohito, Michinomiya, 1901-1989","Hirota, Koki, 1878-1948","Hoshino, Naoki, 1883-1978","Hull, Cordell, 1871-1955","Ishihara, Kanji, 1889-1949","Ishii, Shiro, 1882-1959","Ishiwata, Sotaro, 1891-1950","Itagaki, Seishiro, 1885-1948 ","Iwabuchi, Tatsuo, 1892-1975 ","Kato, Sotomatsu, 1890-1942 ","Kaya, Okinori, 1889-1977 ","Keenan, Joseph B., 1888-1954 ","Kido, Koichi, 1889-1977","Kimura, Heitaro, 1888-1948","Koiso, Kuniaki, 1880-1950 ","Konoe, Fumimaro, 1891-1945","Kurusu, Saburo, 1886-1954","Matsui, Iwane, 1878-1948","Matsumoto, Shunichi, 1897-1987","Matsuoka, Yosuke, 1880-1946","Minami, Jiro, 1874-1955","Muto, Akira, 1892-1948","Nagano, Osami, 1880-1947","Nomura, Kichisaburo, 1877-1964","Nomura, Naokuni, 1885-1973","Oka, Takazumi, 1890-1973","Okada, Keisuke, 1868-1952","Oshima, Hiroshi, 1886-1975","Ribbentrop, Joachim, 1893-1946","Roosevelt, Franklin D., 1882-1945","Sato, Kenryo, 1895-1975","Sawada, Shigeru, 1887-1980","Shigemitsu, Mamoru, 1887-1957","Shimada, Shigetaro, 1883-1976","Shiratori, Toshio, 1887-1949","Sorge, Richard, 1895-1944","Suzuki, Teiichi, 1888-1989","Tanaka, Ryukichi, 1893-1972","Tanaka, Shinichi, 1893-1976","Tani, Masayuki, 1889-1962","Terasaki, Hidenari (Taro), 1890-1951","Togo, Shigenori, 1882-1950","Tojo, Hideki, 1884-1948","Tomita, Kenji, 1897-1977","Toyoda, Teijiro, 1885-1971","Umezu, Yoshijiro, 1882-1949","Welles, Sumner, 1892-1961","Yamamoto, Isoroku, 1884-1943","Yamamoto, Kumaichi","Yoshida, Shigeru, 1878-1967","Yoshizawa, Kenkichi, 1874-1965"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Asahi Shimbun","International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE)","Mainichi Shimbun","Osaka Mainichi","The Japan Times","The Nippon Times","The Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun","DeMartino, Richard J., 1922-2013","Araki, Sadao, 1877-1966","Bagge, Widar, 1886-1970","Ballantine, Joseph W., 1888-1973","Ching-wei, Wang, 1883-1944","Churchill, Winston S., 1874-1965","Cumming, William P., 1900-1989","Davis, Norman H., 1878-1944","Dooman, Eugene H., 1890-1969","Goering, Hermann Wilhelm, 1893-1946","Gorgé, Camille, 1893-1978","Grew, Joseph C., 1880-1965","Hashimoto, Kingoro, 1890-1957","Hata, Shunroku, 1879-1962","Hatoyama, Ichiro, 1883-1959","Higashikuni, Naruhiko, 1887-1990","Hiranuma, Kiichiro, 1867-1952","Hirohito, Michinomiya, 1901-1989","Hirota, Koki, 1878-1948","Hoshino, Naoki, 1883-1978","Hull, Cordell, 1871-1955","Ishihara, Kanji, 1889-1949","Ishii, Shiro, 1882-1959","Ishiwata, Sotaro, 1891-1950","Itagaki, Seishiro, 1885-1948 ","Iwabuchi, Tatsuo, 1892-1975 ","Kato, Sotomatsu, 1890-1942 ","Kaya, Okinori, 1889-1977 ","Keenan, Joseph B., 1888-1954 ","Kido, Koichi, 1889-1977","Kimura, Heitaro, 1888-1948","Koiso, Kuniaki, 1880-1950 ","Konoe, Fumimaro, 1891-1945","Kurusu, Saburo, 1886-1954","Matsui, Iwane, 1878-1948","Matsumoto, Shunichi, 1897-1987","Matsuoka, Yosuke, 1880-1946","Minami, Jiro, 1874-1955","Muto, Akira, 1892-1948","Nagano, Osami, 1880-1947","Nomura, Kichisaburo, 1877-1964","Nomura, Naokuni, 1885-1973","Oka, Takazumi, 1890-1973","Okada, Keisuke, 1868-1952","Oshima, Hiroshi, 1886-1975","Ribbentrop, Joachim, 1893-1946","Roosevelt, Franklin D., 1882-1945","Sato, Kenryo, 1895-1975","Sawada, Shigeru, 1887-1980","Shigemitsu, Mamoru, 1887-1957","Shimada, Shigetaro, 1883-1976","Shiratori, Toshio, 1887-1949","Sorge, Richard, 1895-1944","Suzuki, Teiichi, 1888-1989","Tanaka, Ryukichi, 1893-1972","Tanaka, Shinichi, 1893-1976","Tani, Masayuki, 1889-1962","Terasaki, Hidenari (Taro), 1890-1951","Togo, Shigenori, 1882-1950","Tojo, Hideki, 1884-1948","Tomita, Kenji, 1897-1977","Toyoda, Teijiro, 1885-1971","Umezu, Yoshijiro, 1882-1949","Welles, Sumner, 1892-1961","Yamamoto, Isoroku, 1884-1943","Yamamoto, Kumaichi","Yoshida, Shigeru, 1878-1967","Yoshizawa, Kenkichi, 1874-1965"],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Asahi Shimbun","International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE)","Mainichi Shimbun","Osaka Mainichi","The Japan Times","The Nippon Times","The Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun"],"persname_ssim":["DeMartino, Richard J., 1922-2013","Araki, Sadao, 1877-1966","Bagge, Widar, 1886-1970","Ballantine, Joseph W., 1888-1973","Ching-wei, Wang, 1883-1944","Churchill, Winston S., 1874-1965","Cumming, William P., 1900-1989","Davis, Norman H., 1878-1944","Dooman, Eugene H., 1890-1969","Goering, Hermann Wilhelm, 1893-1946","Gorgé, Camille, 1893-1978","Grew, Joseph C., 1880-1965","Hashimoto, Kingoro, 1890-1957","Hata, Shunroku, 1879-1962","Hatoyama, Ichiro, 1883-1959","Higashikuni, Naruhiko, 1887-1990","Hiranuma, Kiichiro, 1867-1952","Hirohito, Michinomiya, 1901-1989","Hirota, Koki, 1878-1948","Hoshino, Naoki, 1883-1978","Hull, Cordell, 1871-1955","Ishihara, Kanji, 1889-1949","Ishii, Shiro, 1882-1959","Ishiwata, Sotaro, 1891-1950","Itagaki, Seishiro, 1885-1948 ","Iwabuchi, Tatsuo, 1892-1975 ","Kato, Sotomatsu, 1890-1942 ","Kaya, Okinori, 1889-1977 ","Keenan, Joseph B., 1888-1954 ","Kido, Koichi, 1889-1977","Kimura, Heitaro, 1888-1948","Koiso, Kuniaki, 1880-1950 ","Konoe, Fumimaro, 1891-1945","Kurusu, Saburo, 1886-1954","Matsui, Iwane, 1878-1948","Matsumoto, Shunichi, 1897-1987","Matsuoka, Yosuke, 1880-1946","Minami, Jiro, 1874-1955","Muto, Akira, 1892-1948","Nagano, Osami, 1880-1947","Nomura, Kichisaburo, 1877-1964","Nomura, Naokuni, 1885-1973","Oka, Takazumi, 1890-1973","Okada, Keisuke, 1868-1952","Oshima, Hiroshi, 1886-1975","Ribbentrop, Joachim, 1893-1946","Roosevelt, Franklin D., 1882-1945","Sato, Kenryo, 1895-1975","Sawada, Shigeru, 1887-1980","Shigemitsu, Mamoru, 1887-1957","Shimada, Shigetaro, 1883-1976","Shiratori, Toshio, 1887-1949","Sorge, Richard, 1895-1944","Suzuki, Teiichi, 1888-1989","Tanaka, Ryukichi, 1893-1972","Tanaka, Shinichi, 1893-1976","Tani, Masayuki, 1889-1962","Terasaki, Hidenari (Taro), 1890-1951","Togo, Shigenori, 1882-1950","Tojo, Hideki, 1884-1948","Tomita, Kenji, 1897-1977","Toyoda, Teijiro, 1885-1971","Umezu, Yoshijiro, 1882-1949","Welles, Sumner, 1892-1961","Yamamoto, Isoroku, 1884-1943","Yamamoto, Kumaichi","Yoshida, Shigeru, 1878-1967","Yoshizawa, Kenkichi, 1874-1965"],"language_ssim":["English Japanese"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3261,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:41:59.842Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_612_c01_c75"}},{"id":"viu_viu00038_c08_c08","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"1 1/8 inch souvenir coin - World's\n                  Columbian Exposition","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00038_c08_c08#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu00038_c08_c08","ref_ssm":["viu_viu00038_c08_c08"],"id":"viu_viu00038_c08_c08","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00038","_root_":"viu_viu00038","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00038_c08","parent_ssi":"viu_viu00038_c08","parent_ssim":["viu_viu00038","viu_viu00038_c08"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu00038","viu_viu00038_c08"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of Jedediah Hotchkiss","Souvenir Coins and Medals"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of Jedediah Hotchkiss","Souvenir Coins and Medals"],"text":["Papers of Jedediah Hotchkiss","Souvenir Coins and Medals","1 1/8 inch souvenir coin - World's\n                  Columbian Exposition","OS box AB-21 cell T"],"title_filing_ssi":"1 1/8 inch souvenir coin - World's\n                  Columbian Exposition","title_ssm":["1 1/8 inch souvenir coin - World's\n                  Columbian Exposition"],"title_tesim":["1 1/8 inch souvenir coin - World's\n                  Columbian Exposition"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1893"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1893"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1 1/8 inch souvenir coin - World's\n                  Columbian Exposition"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Jedediah Hotchkiss"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":77,"date_range_isim":[1893],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc\u003eOS box AB-21 cell T\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["OS box AB-21 cell T"],"_nest_path_":"/components#7/components#7","timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:32:26.368Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu00038","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00038","_root_":"viu_viu00038","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00038","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu00038.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of Jedediah Hotchkiss \n         "],"title_tesim":["Papers of Jedediah Hotchkiss \n         "],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2822 and 2907"],"text":["2822 and 2907","Papers of Jedediah Hotchkiss","ca. 1550 items (8 Hollinger boxes, ca. 3 linear feet)","The Jed Hotchkiss and Samuel Thomas McCullough papers from\n         collection 2907 have been interfiled in collection 2822. The material is arranged alphabetically by topic and chronologically within individual folders. \n         Bound volumes are boxed with the collection and are organized by subject matter and date.","One of the most famous mapmakers of the Civil War was Major Jedediah Hotchkiss, a topographical engineer on Confederate General Thomas \"Stonewall\" Jackson's staff. \n        Some historians believe that Hotchkiss' accurate maps ensured the success of Jackson's 1862 Valley Campaign.\n","Born in New York in 1828, Jed Hotchkiss moved to the Shenandoah Valley in Virginia in 1847 where he earned his living as a schoolteacher. \n        Hotchkiss also supplemented his income as a mining geologist and - though never formally trained as a cartographer - by making maps. He married a \n        Pennsylvanian named Sara Ann Comfort in 1853 and they had two daughters. In 1859, Jed Hotchkiss and his brother Nelson founded the Loch Willow Academy, a school for boys, in Churchville.\n","\n Hotchkiss closed his school in June 1861 and began his military career drawing maps for Confederate General Robert Garnett in western Virginia. In 1862, he secured an appointment on Jackson's staff. \n \"I want you to make me a map of the Valley, from Harpers Ferry to Lexington,\" Jackson ordered Hotchkiss, \"showing all the points of offence and defence in those places.\" There were very \n few maps for Hotchkiss to use as a base for his own work, and he usually rode out on horseback to survey the land himself. The Hotchkiss-Jackson combination bred success, for the general's \n lightning strikes depended heavily on making the most of the terrain. After Jackson's death in 1863, Hotchkiss continued as a topographical engineer with the Confederate forces, traveling with \n General Richard Ewell to Gettysburg and then, back in Virginia, serving under General Jubal Early. It was one of Hotchkiss' maps that enabled Early to surprise the Federals at Cedar Creek in October 1864.\n","\n After the war ended in 1865, Hotchkiss returned to the Shenandoah Valley, opening an engineering firm and teaching school in Staunton, Virginia. In 1867, he wrote a book with a friend, Jackson's \n former chief of ordnance William Allen, entitled  The Battlefields of Virginia: Chancellorsville.  \n        Hotchkiss died in January 1899 after a successful post-war career as a geologist and engineer.\n","The papers of Jedediah \"Jed\" Hotchkiss contain ca. 1550\n         items (8 Hollinger boxes, ca. 3 linear feet), and consist\n         largely of personal correspondence, bound volumes, and\n         business records dating from 1846 to 1912. Included in the\n         collection is material pertaining to Hotchkiss' career as a\n         teacher and schoolmaster, his period of service under General \n          Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson as a scout\n         and map-maker during the Civil War, his later involvement in\n         the mapping and development of \n          West Virginia coalfields, and the settling\n         of his estate. The collection also includes material\n         pertaining to Hotchkiss' son-in-law, \n          Samuel Thomas McCullough, who was a noted\n         veteran of the \n          Confederate States of America Army . These\n         documents include correspondence, notes, and a set of diaries\n         detailing McCullough's experiences in the Civil War. Other\n         subjects of possible interest include the papers of the \n          Confederate Monument Association of \n          Staunton, Virginia and \n          Augusta County, Virginia documents\n         concerning a 1746 exploration of the \n          Shenandoah Valley , and papers pertaining\n         to Loch Willow School and Mossy Creek Academy.","Early correspondence in the collection is chiefly from members of Hotchkiss' immediate family, who remained in Windsor, New York , when he came to Virginia in 1847. In these letters, his mother and sisters discuss family matters and frequently express their disbelief that Hotchkiss could enjoy his life as a private tutor in the \"uncivilized\" South. Also among the early correspondence are several poems written by Hotchkiss, dated January 1, 1847; 1854; 1858; and August 7, 1859. The poems appear to be original, and are often addressed to friends.","In 1853, Jedediah Hotchkiss opened a private school in Augusta County, Virginia called \n          Mossy Creek Academy , and married  Sarah Comfort. In 1855 \n          Ellen May \"Nellie\" Hotchkiss was born, and\n          Anna Lydia Hotchkiss followed in 1857.\n         Hotchkiss seems to have maintained a close relationship with\n         his daughters (particularly with Ellen May, called Nellie)\n         throughout his life. In September of 1859, Hotchkiss opened a\n         second academy, \n          Loch Willow School, near \n          Staunton, Virginia. Correspondence and\n         other records from this period are somewhat scanty, although\n         some documents pertaining to \n          Mossy Creek Academy and \n          Loch Willow School have survived and may\n         be found in a single folder along with other school\n         records.","In June of 1861, Hotchkiss volunteered for the \n          Confederate army, but was forced to return\n         home a few months later when he became ill with typhoid. When,\n         by March of 1862, he was recovered, Hotchkiss volunteered his\n         services as a scout and map-maker to General \n          Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson.\n         Correspondence of the Civil War period is limited mostly to\n         letters written by Hotchkiss to his young daughter Nellie. Of\n         particular interest is a letter dated December 17, 1862, in\n         which Hotchkiss describes the Battle of \n          Fredricksburg and includes a detailed map\n         of troops and terrain. Other letters written to Nellie during\n         the war vividly describe life in the \n          Confederate camps, and are dated January\n         25, March 27, and October 25, 1863. Included in the collection\n         is a letter written to Brigadier General \n          Edward Johnson by General \n          Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson, dated May\n         4, 1862 and dealing with map-making commissions. Also included\n         in the correspondence is a copy of a set of field notes made\n         by Captain \n          J. K. Boswell of the \n          Confederate Army on May 1, 1863, at the\n         Battle of \n          Chancellorsville. These notes were taken\n         from Boswell's body by Hotchkiss after the officer was killed\n         in the fighting.","After the war, Hotchkiss returned to his family and briefly\n         re-opened \n          Loch Willow School, also teaching at \n          Augusta Female Seminary, before becoming\n         involved in business ventures involving the development of\n         rich coal-fields in \n          West Virginia. Hotchkiss also published a\n         mining journal,  The Virginias,  in the hopes of generating\n         interest in the natural resources of the region.","Later correspondence includes many letters to his daughter\n         Nellie, as well as letters from friends and associates\n         concerning his great interest in geology and geography. It was\n         during this period that Hotchkiss was commissioned to make\n         maps for many government and private organizations. Three\n         letters from General \n          Robert E. Lee, dated December 16, 1868;\n         October 20, 1869, and December 24, 1869 are included in this\n         material. They deal with Hotchkiss' maps of areas in \n          Virginia. Later private correspondence\n         often deals with reminiscences of the Civil War, and a letter\n         dated July 5, 1895, written by Hotchkiss to the widow of \n          \"Stonewall\" Jackson, concerns a biography\n         of the late General. Also relating to the Civil War is an\n         extensive series of correspondence between Hotchkiss and\n         fellow veteran Dr. \n          Hunter McGuire. These letters were mostly\n         written between 1893 and 1898, and often deal with books and\n         articles on Civil War battles, especially those in which\n         General Jackson's forces were involved. This correspondence\n         has been grouped together into one folder.","Other correspondence includes that of the family of\n         Hotchkiss' second daughter \n          Anna Lydia Hotchkiss, who marrried \n          Allan M. Howison. Cards, some limited\n         correspondence, various theatrical programmes, and two\n         certificates, dated July 2, 1879 and June 7, 1881 concerning\n         Howison's military career, make up this series. \n          Allan Howison was later employed by\n         Hotchkiss' mining company, \n          \"The Grottoes.\" \n          Jed Hotchkiss died on January 17, 1899,\n         and the final group of correspondence deals with the\n         settlement of his estate.","The financial and legal records of the Hotchkiss papers\n         consist largely of documents pertaining to post-war business\n         ventures, including map-making commissions, attempts to open\n         up the coal regions of \n          West Virginia, involvements in \n          The Grottoes Company, two business trips\n         to \n          England in 1872 and 1873,  The Virginias  journal, and the settlement of Hotchkiss' estate, as well as general records of purchases and\n         sales.","One folder contains the records of the \n          Confederate Monument Association of Staunton and\n         Augusta County. This group was organized in 1906\n         with the purpose of establishing a memorial to local men who\n         had been killed in the Civil War. Hotchkiss' daughter Anna\n         Lydia was the recording secretary for the organization. The\n         records include a 1906 circular letter explaining the purposes\n         of the group, pamphlets of by-laws, various advertisements\n         from monument companies and masons, and letters and souvenirs\n         concerning fundraisers and statue unveilings. Photographs of \n          Confederate monuments and statues,\n         possibly from the organization's files, are located in a\n         separate folder.","The Hotchkiss papers also includes a typed transcript entitled \"Running the line from the head of the Rappahannock to the head of the Potomac\" \n        of the 1746 diary of Thomas Lewis concerning the establishment of the Fairfax line. There is a note by Hotchkiss signed an dated Oct. 1889 that states the transcription \n        was \"copied and verified from original.\" The papers include a letter from William Cabell Rives, 1883 April 27, to Hotchkiss discussion Thomas Walker's journal; \n        there is also a document [in Rives' hand?] summarizing Walker's journal from March 16 though July 12, 1750. There is also a typescript of a speech by Col. Stoddard Johnston \n        on Walker's journal read before the Filson Club November 3, 1893.","One folder contains miscellaneous historical essays and\n         speeches which appear to have been written mainly by \n          Jed Hotchkiss and Dr. Hunter McGuire on such topics as  Stonewall Jackson's Cap, The Seven Day's Fighting Around Richmond, The Shenandaoh Valley, The Form of Government in Virginia -A Geographical and Political Summary,  and a memorial address delivered at London Park Cemetary, Baltimore,\n         Maryland in 1875.","Two folders contain miscellaneous school and lecture notes\n         for classes taught by Hotchkiss at \n          Mossy Creek and \n          Loch Willow schools. These are undated and\n         deal with a wide variety of subjects. Also included are\n         lectures for Sunday School classes and sermons. A third folder\n         contains school records and related material, including\n         documents pertaining to the education of \n          Jed Hotchkiss at \n          Windsor Academy in New York, and of \n          Sarah Comfort Hotchkiss at the \n          Wyoming Seminary. Also included are\n         papers concerning Hotchkiss' career as a schoolmaster.","Photographs are to be found in two folders, one of which\n         consists mostly of pictures of family members. The second\n         folder contains photographs of statues and monuments\n         associated with the \n          Confederate Monument Association.\n         Additional photographs (often of better quality) are located\n         in the Prints File under such categories as \"Hotchkiss,\" \n          \"Staunton\" and \n          \"Augusta County.\" Of special interest are\n         photographs, of Hotchkiss, his wife and daughters, their \n          Staunton home \n          \"The Oaks\", \n          Loch Willow School, \n          Mossy Creek Academy, and the \n          Augusta Female Seminary, and a\n         daguerrotype of Hotchkiss and his two daughters.","Material relating to \n          Confederate soldier \n          Samuel Thomas McCullough is to be found\n         among the collection's correspondence and bound volumes. The\n         correspondence has been grouped into one folder and dates from\n         1862 to 1865. This material consists largely of letters\n         written by Lieutenant McCullough of \n          Company D, 2nd Maryland Infantry\n         Regiment, to his father and brother during his\n         service in the \n          Confederate Army and while a prisoner of\n         war at \n          Johnson's Island Prison in \n          Ohio. Also included are items such as\n         pay-master's receipts, authorization for leaves of absence,\n         and documents from the prison on \n          Johnson's Island. In addition to this\n         material, the collection also includes a seven-volume set of\n         diaries, which record McCullough's experiences as a soldier\n         from August 11, 1862 to June 22, 1865. These diaries have been\n         microfilmed (M-2373), and a separate, more\n         detailed guide is available. Also in the collection are three\n         small notebooks in which McCullough details an 1878 expedition\n         to revisit many of the campsites and battlefields of his Civil\n         War days. These notebooks are among the bound volumes of the \n          Jed Hotchkiss papers.","Bound volumes make up a large percentage of the collection,\n         consist mainly of miscellaneous hand-written notes. Three\n         large letter-press books include business correspondence from\n         1891 to 1898. Four volumes of map-making notes, including a\n         report on Buffalo Creek, Fayette County, West Virginia, and a book of maps of \n          Augusta County, Virginia are included.\n         Seven books contain business-related notes, and two of these\n         volumes consist of subscription lists for  The Virginias,  ca. 1882. Eight additional bound\n         volumes include personal notes such as diaries for the years\n         1845, 1895, and 1897, as well as Hotchkiss' Index Rerum (ca.\n         1854) and a notebook detailing the building of an addition to \n          \"The Oaks\" in 1888. Six scrapbooks are\n         part of the collection, and include a pressed-flower album, a\n         forestry album, a small booklet of \n          Virginia railway charts, and an album of\n         newspaper clippings dating from approximately 1864 to 1885.\n         Other scrapbooks include two albums belonging to Hotchkiss'\n         wife Sarah Comfort Hotchkiss, and his daughter\n          Nellie Hotchkiss McCullough. The former\n         volume consists mainly of pictures and newspaper clippings,\n         while the latter is an album of embroidery patterns. The seven\n          Samuel Thomas McCullough Civil War diaries\n         and three notebooks of his 1878 battlefield tour are among the\n         bound volumes of the Hotchkiss collection.","An oversize folder contains several items related to the\n         collection, including blueprints of Hotchkiss' \n          Staunton home, \n          \"The Oaks,\" architectural drawings, maps,\n         large documents, and broadsides. A complete listing appears\n         later in this guide.","Items of memorabilia include twenty-three\n         souvenir ribbons relating to Confederate Veteran's\n         Association functions and other events. Other items\n         include an 1866 watercolor paint box belonging to \n          Nellie Hotchkiss McCullough, a souvenir\n         spoon from the birthplace of \"Stonewall\" Jackson, the \n          Confederate belt-buckle and spur of an\n         unidentified soldier killed at \n          Fisher's Hill, Virginia, a pocket-knife\n         used by Jed Hotchkiss from 1862 to 1868, an\n         embroidered handkerchief belonging to \n          Sarah Comfort Hotchkiss, and a lapel-pin\n         featuring a mining symbol. The remainder of the memorabilia in\n         the collection consists of eleven souvenir coins and medals\n         ranging in date from 1883 to 1898. These coins and medals are\n         from events such as Confederate monument unveilings and\n         World's Fairs. A complete listing appears later in this\n         guide.","","English"],"unitid_tesim":["2822 and 2907"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of Jedediah Hotchkiss"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of Jedediah Hotchkiss"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Jedediah Hotchkiss"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["William P. Tannehill\n         "],"creator_ssim":["William P. Tannehill\n         "],"acqinfo_ssim":["This material was purchased for the Coles collection from Mr. William P. Tannehill of \n             Staunton, Virginia, on December 2, 1947, and from Mrs. R. E. Christian of Deerfield, Virginia , on March 23 and July 1, 1948."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["ca. 1550 items (8 Hollinger boxes, ca. 3 linear feet)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Jed Hotchkiss and Samuel Thomas McCullough papers from\n         collection 2907 have been interfiled in collection 2822. The material is arranged alphabetically by topic and chronologically within individual folders. \n         Bound volumes are boxed with the collection and are organized by subject matter and date.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Jed Hotchkiss and Samuel Thomas McCullough papers from\n         collection 2907 have been interfiled in collection 2822. The material is arranged alphabetically by topic and chronologically within individual folders. \n         Bound volumes are boxed with the collection and are organized by subject matter and date."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne of the most famous mapmakers of the Civil War was Major Jedediah Hotchkiss, a topographical engineer on Confederate General Thomas \"Stonewall\" Jackson's staff. \n        Some historians believe that Hotchkiss' accurate maps ensured the success of Jackson's 1862 Valley Campaign.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn in New York in 1828, Jed Hotchkiss moved to the Shenandoah Valley in Virginia in 1847 where he earned his living as a schoolteacher. \n        Hotchkiss also supplemented his income as a mining geologist and - though never formally trained as a cartographer - by making maps. He married a \n        Pennsylvanian named Sara Ann Comfort in 1853 and they had two daughters. In 1859, Jed Hotchkiss and his brother Nelson founded the Loch Willow Academy, a school for boys, in Churchville.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n Hotchkiss closed his school in June 1861 and began his military career drawing maps for Confederate General Robert Garnett in western Virginia. In 1862, he secured an appointment on Jackson's staff. \n \"I want you to make me a map of the Valley, from Harpers Ferry to Lexington,\" Jackson ordered Hotchkiss, \"showing all the points of offence and defence in those places.\" There were very \n few maps for Hotchkiss to use as a base for his own work, and he usually rode out on horseback to survey the land himself. The Hotchkiss-Jackson combination bred success, for the general's \n lightning strikes depended heavily on making the most of the terrain. After Jackson's death in 1863, Hotchkiss continued as a topographical engineer with the Confederate forces, traveling with \n General Richard Ewell to Gettysburg and then, back in Virginia, serving under General Jubal Early. It was one of Hotchkiss' maps that enabled Early to surprise the Federals at Cedar Creek in October 1864.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n After the war ended in 1865, Hotchkiss returned to the Shenandoah Valley, opening an engineering firm and teaching school in Staunton, Virginia. In 1867, he wrote a book with a friend, Jackson's \n former chief of ordnance William Allen, entitled \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Battlefields of Virginia: Chancellorsville.\u003c/title\u003e \n        Hotchkiss died in January 1899 after a successful post-war career as a geologist and engineer.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["One of the most famous mapmakers of the Civil War was Major Jedediah Hotchkiss, a topographical engineer on Confederate General Thomas \"Stonewall\" Jackson's staff. \n        Some historians believe that Hotchkiss' accurate maps ensured the success of Jackson's 1862 Valley Campaign.\n","Born in New York in 1828, Jed Hotchkiss moved to the Shenandoah Valley in Virginia in 1847 where he earned his living as a schoolteacher. \n        Hotchkiss also supplemented his income as a mining geologist and - though never formally trained as a cartographer - by making maps. He married a \n        Pennsylvanian named Sara Ann Comfort in 1853 and they had two daughters. In 1859, Jed Hotchkiss and his brother Nelson founded the Loch Willow Academy, a school for boys, in Churchville.\n","\n Hotchkiss closed his school in June 1861 and began his military career drawing maps for Confederate General Robert Garnett in western Virginia. In 1862, he secured an appointment on Jackson's staff. \n \"I want you to make me a map of the Valley, from Harpers Ferry to Lexington,\" Jackson ordered Hotchkiss, \"showing all the points of offence and defence in those places.\" There were very \n few maps for Hotchkiss to use as a base for his own work, and he usually rode out on horseback to survey the land himself. The Hotchkiss-Jackson combination bred success, for the general's \n lightning strikes depended heavily on making the most of the terrain. After Jackson's death in 1863, Hotchkiss continued as a topographical engineer with the Confederate forces, traveling with \n General Richard Ewell to Gettysburg and then, back in Virginia, serving under General Jubal Early. It was one of Hotchkiss' maps that enabled Early to surprise the Federals at Cedar Creek in October 1864.\n","\n After the war ended in 1865, Hotchkiss returned to the Shenandoah Valley, opening an engineering firm and teaching school in Staunton, Virginia. In 1867, he wrote a book with a friend, Jackson's \n former chief of ordnance William Allen, entitled  The Battlefields of Virginia: Chancellorsville.  \n        Hotchkiss died in January 1899 after a successful post-war career as a geologist and engineer.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Jedediah \"Jed\" Hotchkiss contain ca. 1550\n         items (8 Hollinger boxes, ca. 3 linear feet), and consist\n         largely of personal correspondence, bound volumes, and\n         business records dating from 1846 to 1912. Included in the\n         collection is material pertaining to Hotchkiss' career as a\n         teacher and schoolmaster, his period of service under General \n          Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson as a scout\n         and map-maker during the Civil War, his later involvement in\n         the mapping and development of \n          West Virginia coalfields, and the settling\n         of his estate. The collection also includes material\n         pertaining to Hotchkiss' son-in-law, \n          Samuel Thomas McCullough, who was a noted\n         veteran of the \n          Confederate States of America Army . These\n         documents include correspondence, notes, and a set of diaries\n         detailing McCullough's experiences in the Civil War. Other\n         subjects of possible interest include the papers of the \n          Confederate Monument Association of \n          Staunton, Virginia and \n          Augusta County, Virginia documents\n         concerning a 1746 exploration of the \n          Shenandoah Valley , and papers pertaining\n         to Loch Willow School and Mossy Creek Academy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEarly correspondence in the collection is chiefly from members of Hotchkiss' immediate family, who remained in Windsor, New York , when he came to Virginia in 1847. In these letters, his mother and sisters discuss family matters and frequently express their disbelief that Hotchkiss could enjoy his life as a private tutor in the \"uncivilized\" South. Also among the early correspondence are several poems written by Hotchkiss, dated January 1, 1847; 1854; 1858; and August 7, 1859. The poems appear to be original, and are often addressed to friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1853, Jedediah Hotchkiss opened a private school in Augusta County, Virginia called \n          Mossy Creek Academy , and married  Sarah Comfort. In 1855 \n          Ellen May \"Nellie\" Hotchkiss was born, and\n          Anna Lydia Hotchkiss followed in 1857.\n         Hotchkiss seems to have maintained a close relationship with\n         his daughters (particularly with Ellen May, called Nellie)\n         throughout his life. In September of 1859, Hotchkiss opened a\n         second academy, \n          Loch Willow School, near \n          Staunton, Virginia. Correspondence and\n         other records from this period are somewhat scanty, although\n         some documents pertaining to \n          Mossy Creek Academy and \n          Loch Willow School have survived and may\n         be found in a single folder along with other school\n         records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn June of 1861, Hotchkiss volunteered for the \n          Confederate army, but was forced to return\n         home a few months later when he became ill with typhoid. When,\n         by March of 1862, he was recovered, Hotchkiss volunteered his\n         services as a scout and map-maker to General \n          Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson.\n         Correspondence of the Civil War period is limited mostly to\n         letters written by Hotchkiss to his young daughter Nellie. Of\n         particular interest is a letter dated December 17, 1862, in\n         which Hotchkiss describes the Battle of \n          Fredricksburg and includes a detailed map\n         of troops and terrain. Other letters written to Nellie during\n         the war vividly describe life in the \n          Confederate camps, and are dated January\n         25, March 27, and October 25, 1863. Included in the collection\n         is a letter written to Brigadier General \n          Edward Johnson by General \n          Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson, dated May\n         4, 1862 and dealing with map-making commissions. Also included\n         in the correspondence is a copy of a set of field notes made\n         by Captain \n          J. K. Boswell of the \n          Confederate Army on May 1, 1863, at the\n         Battle of \n          Chancellorsville. These notes were taken\n         from Boswell's body by Hotchkiss after the officer was killed\n         in the fighting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, Hotchkiss returned to his family and briefly\n         re-opened \n          Loch Willow School, also teaching at \n          Augusta Female Seminary, before becoming\n         involved in business ventures involving the development of\n         rich coal-fields in \n          West Virginia. Hotchkiss also published a\n         mining journal, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Virginias,\u003c/title\u003e in the hopes of generating\n         interest in the natural resources of the region.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLater correspondence includes many letters to his daughter\n         Nellie, as well as letters from friends and associates\n         concerning his great interest in geology and geography. It was\n         during this period that Hotchkiss was commissioned to make\n         maps for many government and private organizations. Three\n         letters from General \n          Robert E. Lee, dated December 16, 1868;\n         October 20, 1869, and December 24, 1869 are included in this\n         material. They deal with Hotchkiss' maps of areas in \n          Virginia. Later private correspondence\n         often deals with reminiscences of the Civil War, and a letter\n         dated July 5, 1895, written by Hotchkiss to the widow of \n          \"Stonewall\" Jackson, concerns a biography\n         of the late General. Also relating to the Civil War is an\n         extensive series of correspondence between Hotchkiss and\n         fellow veteran Dr. \n          Hunter McGuire. These letters were mostly\n         written between 1893 and 1898, and often deal with books and\n         articles on Civil War battles, especially those in which\n         General Jackson's forces were involved. This correspondence\n         has been grouped together into one folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther correspondence includes that of the family of\n         Hotchkiss' second daughter \n          Anna Lydia Hotchkiss, who marrried \n          Allan M. Howison. Cards, some limited\n         correspondence, various theatrical programmes, and two\n         certificates, dated July 2, 1879 and June 7, 1881 concerning\n         Howison's military career, make up this series. \n          Allan Howison was later employed by\n         Hotchkiss' mining company, \n          \"The Grottoes.\" \n          Jed Hotchkiss died on January 17, 1899,\n         and the final group of correspondence deals with the\n         settlement of his estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe financial and legal records of the Hotchkiss papers\n         consist largely of documents pertaining to post-war business\n         ventures, including map-making commissions, attempts to open\n         up the coal regions of \n          West Virginia, involvements in \n          The Grottoes Company, two business trips\n         to \n          England in 1872 and 1873, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Virginias\u003c/title\u003e journal, and the settlement of Hotchkiss' estate, as well as general records of purchases and\n         sales.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne folder contains the records of the \n          Confederate Monument Association of Staunton and\n         Augusta County. This group was organized in 1906\n         with the purpose of establishing a memorial to local men who\n         had been killed in the Civil War. Hotchkiss' daughter Anna\n         Lydia was the recording secretary for the organization. The\n         records include a 1906 circular letter explaining the purposes\n         of the group, pamphlets of by-laws, various advertisements\n         from monument companies and masons, and letters and souvenirs\n         concerning fundraisers and statue unveilings. Photographs of \n          Confederate monuments and statues,\n         possibly from the organization's files, are located in a\n         separate folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Hotchkiss papers also includes a typed transcript entitled \"Running the line from the head of the Rappahannock to the head of the Potomac\" \n        of the 1746 diary of Thomas Lewis concerning the establishment of the Fairfax line. There is a note by Hotchkiss signed an dated Oct. 1889 that states the transcription \n        was \"copied and verified from original.\" The papers include a letter from William Cabell Rives, 1883 April 27, to Hotchkiss discussion Thomas Walker's journal; \n        there is also a document [in Rives' hand?] summarizing Walker's journal from March 16 though July 12, 1750. There is also a typescript of a speech by Col. Stoddard Johnston \n        on Walker's journal read before the Filson Club November 3, 1893.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne folder contains miscellaneous historical essays and\n         speeches which appear to have been written mainly by \n          Jed Hotchkiss and Dr. Hunter McGuire on such topics as \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eStonewall Jackson's Cap,\u003c/title\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Seven Day's Fighting Around Richmond,\u003c/title\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Shenandaoh Valley,\u003c/title\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Form of Government in Virginia -A Geographical and Political Summary,\u003c/title\u003e and a memorial address delivered at London Park Cemetary, Baltimore,\n         Maryland in 1875.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo folders contain miscellaneous school and lecture notes\n         for classes taught by Hotchkiss at \n          Mossy Creek and \n          Loch Willow schools. These are undated and\n         deal with a wide variety of subjects. Also included are\n         lectures for Sunday School classes and sermons. A third folder\n         contains school records and related material, including\n         documents pertaining to the education of \n          Jed Hotchkiss at \n          Windsor Academy in New York, and of \n          Sarah Comfort Hotchkiss at the \n          Wyoming Seminary. Also included are\n         papers concerning Hotchkiss' career as a schoolmaster.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs are to be found in two folders, one of which\n         consists mostly of pictures of family members. The second\n         folder contains photographs of statues and monuments\n         associated with the \n          Confederate Monument Association.\n         Additional photographs (often of better quality) are located\n         in the Prints File under such categories as \"Hotchkiss,\" \n          \"Staunton\" and \n          \"Augusta County.\" Of special interest are\n         photographs, of Hotchkiss, his wife and daughters, their \n          Staunton home \n          \"The Oaks\", \n          Loch Willow School, \n          Mossy Creek Academy, and the \n          Augusta Female Seminary, and a\n         daguerrotype of Hotchkiss and his two daughters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial relating to \n          Confederate soldier \n          Samuel Thomas McCullough is to be found\n         among the collection's correspondence and bound volumes. The\n         correspondence has been grouped into one folder and dates from\n         1862 to 1865. This material consists largely of letters\n         written by Lieutenant McCullough of \n          Company D, 2nd Maryland Infantry\n         Regiment, to his father and brother during his\n         service in the \n          Confederate Army and while a prisoner of\n         war at \n          Johnson's Island Prison in \n          Ohio. Also included are items such as\n         pay-master's receipts, authorization for leaves of absence,\n         and documents from the prison on \n          Johnson's Island. In addition to this\n         material, the collection also includes a seven-volume set of\n         diaries, which record McCullough's experiences as a soldier\n         from August 11, 1862 to June 22, 1865. These diaries have been\n         microfilmed (M-2373), and a separate, more\n         detailed guide is available. Also in the collection are three\n         small notebooks in which McCullough details an 1878 expedition\n         to revisit many of the campsites and battlefields of his Civil\n         War days. These notebooks are among the bound volumes of the \n          Jed Hotchkiss papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBound volumes make up a large percentage of the collection,\n         consist mainly of miscellaneous hand-written notes. Three\n         large letter-press books include business correspondence from\n         1891 to 1898. Four volumes of map-making notes, including a\n         report on Buffalo Creek, Fayette County, West Virginia, and a book of maps of \n          Augusta County, Virginia are included.\n         Seven books contain business-related notes, and two of these\n         volumes consist of subscription lists for \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Virginias,\u003c/title\u003e ca. 1882. Eight additional bound\n         volumes include personal notes such as diaries for the years\n         1845, 1895, and 1897, as well as Hotchkiss' Index Rerum (ca.\n         1854) and a notebook detailing the building of an addition to \n          \"The Oaks\" in 1888. Six scrapbooks are\n         part of the collection, and include a pressed-flower album, a\n         forestry album, a small booklet of \n          Virginia railway charts, and an album of\n         newspaper clippings dating from approximately 1864 to 1885.\n         Other scrapbooks include two albums belonging to Hotchkiss'\n         wife Sarah Comfort Hotchkiss, and his daughter\n          Nellie Hotchkiss McCullough. The former\n         volume consists mainly of pictures and newspaper clippings,\n         while the latter is an album of embroidery patterns. The seven\n          Samuel Thomas McCullough Civil War diaries\n         and three notebooks of his 1878 battlefield tour are among the\n         bound volumes of the Hotchkiss collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn oversize folder contains several items related to the\n         collection, including blueprints of Hotchkiss' \n          Staunton home, \n          \"The Oaks,\" architectural drawings, maps,\n         large documents, and broadsides. A complete listing appears\n         later in this guide.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems of memorabilia include twenty-three\n         souvenir ribbons relating to Confederate Veteran's\n         Association functions and other events. Other items\n         include an 1866 watercolor paint box belonging to \n          Nellie Hotchkiss McCullough, a souvenir\n         spoon from the birthplace of \"Stonewall\" Jackson, the \n          Confederate belt-buckle and spur of an\n         unidentified soldier killed at \n          Fisher's Hill, Virginia, a pocket-knife\n         used by Jed Hotchkiss from 1862 to 1868, an\n         embroidered handkerchief belonging to \n          Sarah Comfort Hotchkiss, and a lapel-pin\n         featuring a mining symbol. The remainder of the memorabilia in\n         the collection consists of eleven souvenir coins and medals\n         ranging in date from 1883 to 1898. These coins and medals are\n         from events such as Confederate monument unveilings and\n         World's Fairs. A complete listing appears later in this\n         guide.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Jedediah \"Jed\" Hotchkiss contain ca. 1550\n         items (8 Hollinger boxes, ca. 3 linear feet), and consist\n         largely of personal correspondence, bound volumes, and\n         business records dating from 1846 to 1912. Included in the\n         collection is material pertaining to Hotchkiss' career as a\n         teacher and schoolmaster, his period of service under General \n          Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson as a scout\n         and map-maker during the Civil War, his later involvement in\n         the mapping and development of \n          West Virginia coalfields, and the settling\n         of his estate. The collection also includes material\n         pertaining to Hotchkiss' son-in-law, \n          Samuel Thomas McCullough, who was a noted\n         veteran of the \n          Confederate States of America Army . These\n         documents include correspondence, notes, and a set of diaries\n         detailing McCullough's experiences in the Civil War. Other\n         subjects of possible interest include the papers of the \n          Confederate Monument Association of \n          Staunton, Virginia and \n          Augusta County, Virginia documents\n         concerning a 1746 exploration of the \n          Shenandoah Valley , and papers pertaining\n         to Loch Willow School and Mossy Creek Academy.","Early correspondence in the collection is chiefly from members of Hotchkiss' immediate family, who remained in Windsor, New York , when he came to Virginia in 1847. In these letters, his mother and sisters discuss family matters and frequently express their disbelief that Hotchkiss could enjoy his life as a private tutor in the \"uncivilized\" South. Also among the early correspondence are several poems written by Hotchkiss, dated January 1, 1847; 1854; 1858; and August 7, 1859. The poems appear to be original, and are often addressed to friends.","In 1853, Jedediah Hotchkiss opened a private school in Augusta County, Virginia called \n          Mossy Creek Academy , and married  Sarah Comfort. In 1855 \n          Ellen May \"Nellie\" Hotchkiss was born, and\n          Anna Lydia Hotchkiss followed in 1857.\n         Hotchkiss seems to have maintained a close relationship with\n         his daughters (particularly with Ellen May, called Nellie)\n         throughout his life. In September of 1859, Hotchkiss opened a\n         second academy, \n          Loch Willow School, near \n          Staunton, Virginia. Correspondence and\n         other records from this period are somewhat scanty, although\n         some documents pertaining to \n          Mossy Creek Academy and \n          Loch Willow School have survived and may\n         be found in a single folder along with other school\n         records.","In June of 1861, Hotchkiss volunteered for the \n          Confederate army, but was forced to return\n         home a few months later when he became ill with typhoid. When,\n         by March of 1862, he was recovered, Hotchkiss volunteered his\n         services as a scout and map-maker to General \n          Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson.\n         Correspondence of the Civil War period is limited mostly to\n         letters written by Hotchkiss to his young daughter Nellie. Of\n         particular interest is a letter dated December 17, 1862, in\n         which Hotchkiss describes the Battle of \n          Fredricksburg and includes a detailed map\n         of troops and terrain. Other letters written to Nellie during\n         the war vividly describe life in the \n          Confederate camps, and are dated January\n         25, March 27, and October 25, 1863. Included in the collection\n         is a letter written to Brigadier General \n          Edward Johnson by General \n          Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson, dated May\n         4, 1862 and dealing with map-making commissions. Also included\n         in the correspondence is a copy of a set of field notes made\n         by Captain \n          J. K. Boswell of the \n          Confederate Army on May 1, 1863, at the\n         Battle of \n          Chancellorsville. These notes were taken\n         from Boswell's body by Hotchkiss after the officer was killed\n         in the fighting.","After the war, Hotchkiss returned to his family and briefly\n         re-opened \n          Loch Willow School, also teaching at \n          Augusta Female Seminary, before becoming\n         involved in business ventures involving the development of\n         rich coal-fields in \n          West Virginia. Hotchkiss also published a\n         mining journal,  The Virginias,  in the hopes of generating\n         interest in the natural resources of the region.","Later correspondence includes many letters to his daughter\n         Nellie, as well as letters from friends and associates\n         concerning his great interest in geology and geography. It was\n         during this period that Hotchkiss was commissioned to make\n         maps for many government and private organizations. Three\n         letters from General \n          Robert E. Lee, dated December 16, 1868;\n         October 20, 1869, and December 24, 1869 are included in this\n         material. They deal with Hotchkiss' maps of areas in \n          Virginia. Later private correspondence\n         often deals with reminiscences of the Civil War, and a letter\n         dated July 5, 1895, written by Hotchkiss to the widow of \n          \"Stonewall\" Jackson, concerns a biography\n         of the late General. Also relating to the Civil War is an\n         extensive series of correspondence between Hotchkiss and\n         fellow veteran Dr. \n          Hunter McGuire. These letters were mostly\n         written between 1893 and 1898, and often deal with books and\n         articles on Civil War battles, especially those in which\n         General Jackson's forces were involved. This correspondence\n         has been grouped together into one folder.","Other correspondence includes that of the family of\n         Hotchkiss' second daughter \n          Anna Lydia Hotchkiss, who marrried \n          Allan M. Howison. Cards, some limited\n         correspondence, various theatrical programmes, and two\n         certificates, dated July 2, 1879 and June 7, 1881 concerning\n         Howison's military career, make up this series. \n          Allan Howison was later employed by\n         Hotchkiss' mining company, \n          \"The Grottoes.\" \n          Jed Hotchkiss died on January 17, 1899,\n         and the final group of correspondence deals with the\n         settlement of his estate.","The financial and legal records of the Hotchkiss papers\n         consist largely of documents pertaining to post-war business\n         ventures, including map-making commissions, attempts to open\n         up the coal regions of \n          West Virginia, involvements in \n          The Grottoes Company, two business trips\n         to \n          England in 1872 and 1873,  The Virginias  journal, and the settlement of Hotchkiss' estate, as well as general records of purchases and\n         sales.","One folder contains the records of the \n          Confederate Monument Association of Staunton and\n         Augusta County. This group was organized in 1906\n         with the purpose of establishing a memorial to local men who\n         had been killed in the Civil War. Hotchkiss' daughter Anna\n         Lydia was the recording secretary for the organization. The\n         records include a 1906 circular letter explaining the purposes\n         of the group, pamphlets of by-laws, various advertisements\n         from monument companies and masons, and letters and souvenirs\n         concerning fundraisers and statue unveilings. Photographs of \n          Confederate monuments and statues,\n         possibly from the organization's files, are located in a\n         separate folder.","The Hotchkiss papers also includes a typed transcript entitled \"Running the line from the head of the Rappahannock to the head of the Potomac\" \n        of the 1746 diary of Thomas Lewis concerning the establishment of the Fairfax line. There is a note by Hotchkiss signed an dated Oct. 1889 that states the transcription \n        was \"copied and verified from original.\" The papers include a letter from William Cabell Rives, 1883 April 27, to Hotchkiss discussion Thomas Walker's journal; \n        there is also a document [in Rives' hand?] summarizing Walker's journal from March 16 though July 12, 1750. There is also a typescript of a speech by Col. Stoddard Johnston \n        on Walker's journal read before the Filson Club November 3, 1893.","One folder contains miscellaneous historical essays and\n         speeches which appear to have been written mainly by \n          Jed Hotchkiss and Dr. Hunter McGuire on such topics as  Stonewall Jackson's Cap, The Seven Day's Fighting Around Richmond, The Shenandaoh Valley, The Form of Government in Virginia -A Geographical and Political Summary,  and a memorial address delivered at London Park Cemetary, Baltimore,\n         Maryland in 1875.","Two folders contain miscellaneous school and lecture notes\n         for classes taught by Hotchkiss at \n          Mossy Creek and \n          Loch Willow schools. These are undated and\n         deal with a wide variety of subjects. Also included are\n         lectures for Sunday School classes and sermons. A third folder\n         contains school records and related material, including\n         documents pertaining to the education of \n          Jed Hotchkiss at \n          Windsor Academy in New York, and of \n          Sarah Comfort Hotchkiss at the \n          Wyoming Seminary. Also included are\n         papers concerning Hotchkiss' career as a schoolmaster.","Photographs are to be found in two folders, one of which\n         consists mostly of pictures of family members. The second\n         folder contains photographs of statues and monuments\n         associated with the \n          Confederate Monument Association.\n         Additional photographs (often of better quality) are located\n         in the Prints File under such categories as \"Hotchkiss,\" \n          \"Staunton\" and \n          \"Augusta County.\" Of special interest are\n         photographs, of Hotchkiss, his wife and daughters, their \n          Staunton home \n          \"The Oaks\", \n          Loch Willow School, \n          Mossy Creek Academy, and the \n          Augusta Female Seminary, and a\n         daguerrotype of Hotchkiss and his two daughters.","Material relating to \n          Confederate soldier \n          Samuel Thomas McCullough is to be found\n         among the collection's correspondence and bound volumes. The\n         correspondence has been grouped into one folder and dates from\n         1862 to 1865. This material consists largely of letters\n         written by Lieutenant McCullough of \n          Company D, 2nd Maryland Infantry\n         Regiment, to his father and brother during his\n         service in the \n          Confederate Army and while a prisoner of\n         war at \n          Johnson's Island Prison in \n          Ohio. Also included are items such as\n         pay-master's receipts, authorization for leaves of absence,\n         and documents from the prison on \n          Johnson's Island. In addition to this\n         material, the collection also includes a seven-volume set of\n         diaries, which record McCullough's experiences as a soldier\n         from August 11, 1862 to June 22, 1865. These diaries have been\n         microfilmed (M-2373), and a separate, more\n         detailed guide is available. Also in the collection are three\n         small notebooks in which McCullough details an 1878 expedition\n         to revisit many of the campsites and battlefields of his Civil\n         War days. These notebooks are among the bound volumes of the \n          Jed Hotchkiss papers.","Bound volumes make up a large percentage of the collection,\n         consist mainly of miscellaneous hand-written notes. Three\n         large letter-press books include business correspondence from\n         1891 to 1898. Four volumes of map-making notes, including a\n         report on Buffalo Creek, Fayette County, West Virginia, and a book of maps of \n          Augusta County, Virginia are included.\n         Seven books contain business-related notes, and two of these\n         volumes consist of subscription lists for  The Virginias,  ca. 1882. Eight additional bound\n         volumes include personal notes such as diaries for the years\n         1845, 1895, and 1897, as well as Hotchkiss' Index Rerum (ca.\n         1854) and a notebook detailing the building of an addition to \n          \"The Oaks\" in 1888. Six scrapbooks are\n         part of the collection, and include a pressed-flower album, a\n         forestry album, a small booklet of \n          Virginia railway charts, and an album of\n         newspaper clippings dating from approximately 1864 to 1885.\n         Other scrapbooks include two albums belonging to Hotchkiss'\n         wife Sarah Comfort Hotchkiss, and his daughter\n          Nellie Hotchkiss McCullough. The former\n         volume consists mainly of pictures and newspaper clippings,\n         while the latter is an album of embroidery patterns. The seven\n          Samuel Thomas McCullough Civil War diaries\n         and three notebooks of his 1878 battlefield tour are among the\n         bound volumes of the Hotchkiss collection.","An oversize folder contains several items related to the\n         collection, including blueprints of Hotchkiss' \n          Staunton home, \n          \"The Oaks,\" architectural drawings, maps,\n         large documents, and broadsides. A complete listing appears\n         later in this guide.","Items of memorabilia include twenty-three\n         souvenir ribbons relating to Confederate Veteran's\n         Association functions and other events. Other items\n         include an 1866 watercolor paint box belonging to \n          Nellie Hotchkiss McCullough, a souvenir\n         spoon from the birthplace of \"Stonewall\" Jackson, the \n          Confederate belt-buckle and spur of an\n         unidentified soldier killed at \n          Fisher's Hill, Virginia, a pocket-knife\n         used by Jed Hotchkiss from 1862 to 1868, an\n         embroidered handkerchief belonging to \n          Sarah Comfort Hotchkiss, and a lapel-pin\n         featuring a mining symbol. The remainder of the memorabilia in\n         the collection consists of eleven souvenir coins and medals\n         ranging in date from 1883 to 1898. These coins and medals are\n         from events such as Confederate monument unveilings and\n         World's Fairs. A complete listing appears later in this\n         guide."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc/\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":[""],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":80,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:32:26.368Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00038_c08_c08"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926_c09_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"11 Certificates of Proficiency and Distinction from Episcopal High School of Virginia awarded to Henry N. Browse (from Box 17 - Folder 9)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926_c09_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926_c09_c01","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926_c09_c01"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926_c09_c01","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926_c09","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926_c09","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926_c09"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926_c09"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Thomas Browse Family Papers","Series 9. Oversized Separations, Boxes 17-18"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Thomas Browse Family Papers","Series 9. Oversized Separations, Boxes 17-18"],"text":["Thomas Browse Family Papers","Series 9. Oversized Separations, Boxes 17-18","11 Certificates of Proficiency and Distinction from Episcopal High School of Virginia awarded to Henry N. Browse (from Box 17 - Folder 9)","Box 18","Folder 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"11 Certificates of Proficiency and Distinction from Episcopal High School of Virginia awarded to Henry N. Browse (from Box 17 - Folder 9)","title_ssm":["11 Certificates of Proficiency and Distinction from Episcopal High School of Virginia awarded to Henry N. Browse (from Box 17 - Folder 9)"],"title_tesim":["11 Certificates of Proficiency and Distinction from Episcopal High School of Virginia awarded to Henry N. Browse (from Box 17 - Folder 9)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1889-1893"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1889/1893"],"normalized_title_ssm":["11 Certificates of Proficiency and Distinction from Episcopal High School of Virginia awarded to Henry N. Browse (from Box 17 - Folder 9)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Browse Family Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":230,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1889,1890,1891,1892,1893],"containers_ssim":["Box 18","Folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#8/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:21:20.293Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1926","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1926.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196054","title_ssm":["Thomas Browse Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Thomas Browse Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1785-1942","1830-1910"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1830-1910"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1785-1942"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3532","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1926"],"text":["A\u0026M 3532","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1926","Thomas Browse Family Papers","Ohio River","Pleasants County (W. Va.)","Saint Marys (W. Va.)","Tyler County (W. Va.)","Oil fields -- West Virginia","No special access restriction applies.","Thomas and Eliza Browse were young newlyweds in 1830 when they left their home in Paington, Devonshire, England and ventured across the Atlantic to settle in America. Financially secure already, Thomas Browse held tight to his plans of settling and farming in the Ohio River valley, searching carefully for the ideal plat.","\nA year later he bought 437 acres in Tyler County, Virginia (Later Pleasants County, West Virginia) along the Ohio River. Through hard work, wise investments, and partnerships, Thomas Browse became one of the most successful and wealthiest men in the area. He was appointed county surveyor and a magistrate of Tyler County and was involved in forming the new county in 1848, called Pleasants County. Browse was appointed by Governor Floyd to serve as a county justice and was again made county surveyor. He was hired by Alexander Creel to survey and lay out lots for a new town, named St. Mary's, which became the county seat of Pleasants County. Thomas and Eliza Browse raised three children, Robert Henry, Eliza Jane, and Mary Elizabeth. Thomas Browse died in 1880 while serving as president of the county court.","\nRobert Henry Browse and his sole surviving sister, Mary, inherited most of the Thomas Browse estate. Mary married Edmund Holdren, had one child, and remained on Grape Island. Robert, like his father was active in investing, farming, and public affairs, serving as a delegate in the state legislature, a major in the county militia, and as editor and owner of a newspaper. He installed the county's first telephone line in Mary's house and was the first president of the McKim Telephone Company. Robert also served on the boards of banks. During the 1880s gas and oil boom in Pleasants County he bought land in Parkerville, laid out town lots, and changed the town name to Belmont. Robert and his wife Sarah raised six children, among them a son, Henry N. Browse.","\nWhen Robert died in 1909 his son Henry was named executor of Robert's estate. Instead of farming Henry chose medicine as his life's work. He still helped his mother, Sarah, manage his father's financial holdings, but he didn't pursue investing with same energy as his father and grandfather before him. Dr. Browse later moved to New Martinsville, Wetzel County, West Virginia, with his wife Katherine and three children, where he practiced medicine for several years. Dr. Henry N. Browse died in 1954.","Papers of the Thomas Browse family documenting immigration from England to the Ohio River region in the vicinity of Ohio, western Virginia, and Kentucky (1830); farming in Pleasants County, West Virginia in the vicinity of St. Marys on the Ohio River (ca. 1830s-1900); and the acquisition of and royalties from oil lands in Pleasant County from the region of \"Fish Pot\" (ca. 1880s-1910). Includes diaries of Thomas Browse (1830-1878) and diaries of his daughter Mary E. Browse (1855-1910, incomplete). Also includes family papers of descendants Robert H. Browse and Henry Nicholas Browse (grandson) documenting services purchased and businesses transactions conducted along the Ohio River in the region of the towns of St. Marys, New Martinsville, and Wheeling (ca. 1880-1930).","\nThe diaries of Thomas Browse consist of daily entries documenting in vivid detail his experiences in immigrating to America from England and running a farm in Pleasants County in western Virginia. Upon his reaching the Ohio River the diaries record his land speculation where the Ohio traverses the states of Ohio, western Virginia, and Kentucky, including listings of land values, buildings, and people. Steamboats are recorded with their names. After his farm is established there is a record of goods produced (such as corn, apples, wool, etc.), listings of sales (including goods sold and their values), and records of land transactions. Personal and recreational events are recorded as well.","\nExcept for the arrest of Thomas Browse, the Civil War apparently did not have a substantial effect on life in St. Marys on evidence of the few Civil War related entries in his diary. Thomas Browse records in his diary and in separately foldered journal pages (see box 17, folder 12) his arrest by Federal authorities in April 1862 on suspicion of being a Confederate spy. This occurred on the eve of the election to decide ratification of the new state constitution. He was held in Wheeling for three days and then released after the election. There is also mention in the entry of 23 July 1863 of the posting of men of the 88th Ohio Regiment under Lieutenant Howe in St. Marys in order to intercept Morgan's Cavalry during his famous raid north. About 20 of these men were fed by the Browse household.","\nThe diaries of Mary E. Browse record life on the Browse estate including documentation of farm work and business, but also including references to household activities and chores. Her diary of 1855 vividly records a sea voyage from New York to Liverpool in order to visit relatives in England. She also expresses her stand against slavery in her diary, and her prediction of disunion of the United States as a result of the bitter division in the country.","\nThe papers of Robert H. Browse include extensive documentation of oil land acquisition in Pleasants County, including oil deeds, leases, plats, and royalty documents from ca. 1880-1910.","\nThere are several hand drawn survey maps of West Virginia lands in the Grape Island and Middle Island Creek area bordering the Ohio River, and plats of lands along Fish Pot Creek, Raven Rock, and Willow Island Creek in Pleasants and Tyler Counties pertaining to land acquisitions, contracts, and partnerships involving the Browse Family (ca. 1830-1910). There are also maps marking oil fields in Pleasants County (ca. 1900-1920), and maps of the city of Hutchinson, Kansas (1886), and the city of Chicago and the World's Fair (1893).","Series include: \n1) Diaries; \n2) Business Correspondence of the Browse Family; \n3) Clippings; \n4) Deeds and Land Surveys; \n5) Financial Records of Browse Family; \n6) Oil Records; \n7) Patents (land records); \n8) Subjects; and \n9) Oversized Separations.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers of the Thomas Browse family documenting immigration from England to the Ohio River region in the vicinity of Ohio, western Virginia, and Kentucky (1830); farming in Pleasants County, West Virginia in the vicinity of St. Marys on the Ohio River (ca. 1830s-1900); and the acquisition of and royalties from oil lands in Pleasants County from the region of \"Fish Pot\" (ca. 1880s-1910). Includes diaries of Thomas Browse (1830-1878) and diaries of his daughter Mary E. Browse (1855-1910, incomplete). Also includes family papers of descendants Robert H. Browse (son) and Henry Nicholas Browse (grandson) documenting services purchased and businesses transactions conducted along the Ohio River in the region of the towns of St. Marys, New Martinsville, and Wheeling (ca. 1880-1930). There are also several maps of West Virginia lands in Pleasants and Tyler Counties (ca. 1830-1910), including oil fields in Pleasants County (ca. 1900-1920), pertaining to the business of the Browse family.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Browse family","Browse, Mary E., 1855-1910.","Browse, Thomas, 1830-1878.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3532","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1926"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas Browse Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas Browse Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Browse Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Ohio River","Pleasants County (W. Va.)","Saint Marys (W. Va.)","Tyler County (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Ohio River","Pleasants County (W. Va.)","Saint Marys (W. Va.)","Tyler County (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Browse family"],"creator_ssim":["Browse family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Browse family"],"creators_ssim":["Browse family"],"places_ssim":["Ohio River","Pleasants County (W. Va.)","Saint Marys (W. Va.)","Tyler County (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Oil fields -- West Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Oil fields -- West Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7 Linear Feet 7 ft. (16 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (1 flat storage box, 1 1/2 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["7 Linear Feet 7 ft. (16 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (1 flat storage box, 1 1/2 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas and Eliza Browse were young newlyweds in 1830 when they left their home in Paington, Devonshire, England and ventured across the Atlantic to settle in America. Financially secure already, Thomas Browse held tight to his plans of settling and farming in the Ohio River valley, searching carefully for the ideal plat.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nA year later he bought 437 acres in Tyler County, Virginia (Later Pleasants County, West Virginia) along the Ohio River. Through hard work, wise investments, and partnerships, Thomas Browse became one of the most successful and wealthiest men in the area. He was appointed county surveyor and a magistrate of Tyler County and was involved in forming the new county in 1848, called Pleasants County. Browse was appointed by Governor Floyd to serve as a county justice and was again made county surveyor. He was hired by Alexander Creel to survey and lay out lots for a new town, named St. Mary's, which became the county seat of Pleasants County. Thomas and Eliza Browse raised three children, Robert Henry, Eliza Jane, and Mary Elizabeth. Thomas Browse died in 1880 while serving as president of the county court.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nRobert Henry Browse and his sole surviving sister, Mary, inherited most of the Thomas Browse estate. Mary married Edmund Holdren, had one child, and remained on Grape Island. Robert, like his father was active in investing, farming, and public affairs, serving as a delegate in the state legislature, a major in the county militia, and as editor and owner of a newspaper. He installed the county's first telephone line in Mary's house and was the first president of the McKim Telephone Company. Robert also served on the boards of banks. During the 1880s gas and oil boom in Pleasants County he bought land in Parkerville, laid out town lots, and changed the town name to Belmont. Robert and his wife Sarah raised six children, among them a son, Henry N. Browse.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWhen Robert died in 1909 his son Henry was named executor of Robert's estate. Instead of farming Henry chose medicine as his life's work. He still helped his mother, Sarah, manage his father's financial holdings, but he didn't pursue investing with same energy as his father and grandfather before him. Dr. Browse later moved to New Martinsville, Wetzel County, West Virginia, with his wife Katherine and three children, where he practiced medicine for several years. Dr. Henry N. Browse died in 1954.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas and Eliza Browse were young newlyweds in 1830 when they left their home in Paington, Devonshire, England and ventured across the Atlantic to settle in America. Financially secure already, Thomas Browse held tight to his plans of settling and farming in the Ohio River valley, searching carefully for the ideal plat.","\nA year later he bought 437 acres in Tyler County, Virginia (Later Pleasants County, West Virginia) along the Ohio River. Through hard work, wise investments, and partnerships, Thomas Browse became one of the most successful and wealthiest men in the area. He was appointed county surveyor and a magistrate of Tyler County and was involved in forming the new county in 1848, called Pleasants County. Browse was appointed by Governor Floyd to serve as a county justice and was again made county surveyor. He was hired by Alexander Creel to survey and lay out lots for a new town, named St. Mary's, which became the county seat of Pleasants County. Thomas and Eliza Browse raised three children, Robert Henry, Eliza Jane, and Mary Elizabeth. Thomas Browse died in 1880 while serving as president of the county court.","\nRobert Henry Browse and his sole surviving sister, Mary, inherited most of the Thomas Browse estate. Mary married Edmund Holdren, had one child, and remained on Grape Island. Robert, like his father was active in investing, farming, and public affairs, serving as a delegate in the state legislature, a major in the county militia, and as editor and owner of a newspaper. He installed the county's first telephone line in Mary's house and was the first president of the McKim Telephone Company. Robert also served on the boards of banks. During the 1880s gas and oil boom in Pleasants County he bought land in Parkerville, laid out town lots, and changed the town name to Belmont. Robert and his wife Sarah raised six children, among them a son, Henry N. Browse.","\nWhen Robert died in 1909 his son Henry was named executor of Robert's estate. Instead of farming Henry chose medicine as his life's work. He still helped his mother, Sarah, manage his father's financial holdings, but he didn't pursue investing with same energy as his father and grandfather before him. Dr. Browse later moved to New Martinsville, Wetzel County, West Virginia, with his wife Katherine and three children, where he practiced medicine for several years. Dr. Henry N. Browse died in 1954."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Thomas Browse Family Papers, A\u0026amp;M 3532, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Thomas Browse Family Papers, A\u0026M 3532, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Thomas Browse family documenting immigration from England to the Ohio River region in the vicinity of Ohio, western Virginia, and Kentucky (1830); farming in Pleasants County, West Virginia in the vicinity of St. Marys on the Ohio River (ca. 1830s-1900); and the acquisition of and royalties from oil lands in Pleasant County from the region of \"Fish Pot\" (ca. 1880s-1910). Includes diaries of Thomas Browse (1830-1878) and diaries of his daughter Mary E. Browse (1855-1910, incomplete). Also includes family papers of descendants Robert H. Browse and Henry Nicholas Browse (grandson) documenting services purchased and businesses transactions conducted along the Ohio River in the region of the towns of St. Marys, New Martinsville, and Wheeling (ca. 1880-1930).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe diaries of Thomas Browse consist of daily entries documenting in vivid detail his experiences in immigrating to America from England and running a farm in Pleasants County in western Virginia. Upon his reaching the Ohio River the diaries record his land speculation where the Ohio traverses the states of Ohio, western Virginia, and Kentucky, including listings of land values, buildings, and people. Steamboats are recorded with their names. After his farm is established there is a record of goods produced (such as corn, apples, wool, etc.), listings of sales (including goods sold and their values), and records of land transactions. Personal and recreational events are recorded as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nExcept for the arrest of Thomas Browse, the Civil War apparently did not have a substantial effect on life in St. Marys on evidence of the few Civil War related entries in his diary. Thomas Browse records in his diary and in separately foldered journal pages (see box 17, folder 12) his arrest by Federal authorities in April 1862 on suspicion of being a Confederate spy. This occurred on the eve of the election to decide ratification of the new state constitution. He was held in Wheeling for three days and then released after the election. There is also mention in the entry of 23 July 1863 of the posting of men of the 88th Ohio Regiment under Lieutenant Howe in St. Marys in order to intercept Morgan's Cavalry during his famous raid north. About 20 of these men were fed by the Browse household.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe diaries of Mary E. Browse record life on the Browse estate including documentation of farm work and business, but also including references to household activities and chores. Her diary of 1855 vividly records a sea voyage from New York to Liverpool in order to visit relatives in England. She also expresses her stand against slavery in her diary, and her prediction of disunion of the United States as a result of the bitter division in the country.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe papers of Robert H. Browse include extensive documentation of oil land acquisition in Pleasants County, including oil deeds, leases, plats, and royalty documents from ca. 1880-1910.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThere are several hand drawn survey maps of West Virginia lands in the Grape Island and Middle Island Creek area bordering the Ohio River, and plats of lands along Fish Pot Creek, Raven Rock, and Willow Island Creek in Pleasants and Tyler Counties pertaining to land acquisitions, contracts, and partnerships involving the Browse Family (ca. 1830-1910). There are also maps marking oil fields in Pleasants County (ca. 1900-1920), and maps of the city of Hutchinson, Kansas (1886), and the city of Chicago and the World's Fair (1893).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries include:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n1) Diaries;\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n2) Business Correspondence of the Browse Family;\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n3) Clippings;\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n4) Deeds and Land Surveys;\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n5) Financial Records of Browse Family;\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n6) Oil Records;\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n7) Patents (land records);\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n8) Subjects; and\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n9) Oversized Separations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of the Thomas Browse family documenting immigration from England to the Ohio River region in the vicinity of Ohio, western Virginia, and Kentucky (1830); farming in Pleasants County, West Virginia in the vicinity of St. Marys on the Ohio River (ca. 1830s-1900); and the acquisition of and royalties from oil lands in Pleasant County from the region of \"Fish Pot\" (ca. 1880s-1910). Includes diaries of Thomas Browse (1830-1878) and diaries of his daughter Mary E. Browse (1855-1910, incomplete). Also includes family papers of descendants Robert H. Browse and Henry Nicholas Browse (grandson) documenting services purchased and businesses transactions conducted along the Ohio River in the region of the towns of St. Marys, New Martinsville, and Wheeling (ca. 1880-1930).","\nThe diaries of Thomas Browse consist of daily entries documenting in vivid detail his experiences in immigrating to America from England and running a farm in Pleasants County in western Virginia. Upon his reaching the Ohio River the diaries record his land speculation where the Ohio traverses the states of Ohio, western Virginia, and Kentucky, including listings of land values, buildings, and people. Steamboats are recorded with their names. After his farm is established there is a record of goods produced (such as corn, apples, wool, etc.), listings of sales (including goods sold and their values), and records of land transactions. Personal and recreational events are recorded as well.","\nExcept for the arrest of Thomas Browse, the Civil War apparently did not have a substantial effect on life in St. Marys on evidence of the few Civil War related entries in his diary. Thomas Browse records in his diary and in separately foldered journal pages (see box 17, folder 12) his arrest by Federal authorities in April 1862 on suspicion of being a Confederate spy. This occurred on the eve of the election to decide ratification of the new state constitution. He was held in Wheeling for three days and then released after the election. There is also mention in the entry of 23 July 1863 of the posting of men of the 88th Ohio Regiment under Lieutenant Howe in St. Marys in order to intercept Morgan's Cavalry during his famous raid north. About 20 of these men were fed by the Browse household.","\nThe diaries of Mary E. Browse record life on the Browse estate including documentation of farm work and business, but also including references to household activities and chores. Her diary of 1855 vividly records a sea voyage from New York to Liverpool in order to visit relatives in England. She also expresses her stand against slavery in her diary, and her prediction of disunion of the United States as a result of the bitter division in the country.","\nThe papers of Robert H. Browse include extensive documentation of oil land acquisition in Pleasants County, including oil deeds, leases, plats, and royalty documents from ca. 1880-1910.","\nThere are several hand drawn survey maps of West Virginia lands in the Grape Island and Middle Island Creek area bordering the Ohio River, and plats of lands along Fish Pot Creek, Raven Rock, and Willow Island Creek in Pleasants and Tyler Counties pertaining to land acquisitions, contracts, and partnerships involving the Browse Family (ca. 1830-1910). There are also maps marking oil fields in Pleasants County (ca. 1900-1920), and maps of the city of Hutchinson, Kansas (1886), and the city of Chicago and the World's Fair (1893).","Series include: \n1) Diaries; \n2) Business Correspondence of the Browse Family; \n3) Clippings; \n4) Deeds and Land Surveys; \n5) Financial Records of Browse Family; \n6) Oil Records; \n7) Patents (land records); \n8) Subjects; and \n9) Oversized Separations."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_48f0ea53c1633aed71efc726ac8439e0\"\u003ePapers of the Thomas Browse family documenting immigration from England to the Ohio River region in the vicinity of Ohio, western Virginia, and Kentucky (1830); farming in Pleasants County, West Virginia in the vicinity of St. Marys on the Ohio River (ca. 1830s-1900); and the acquisition of and royalties from oil lands in Pleasants County from the region of \"Fish Pot\" (ca. 1880s-1910). Includes diaries of Thomas Browse (1830-1878) and diaries of his daughter Mary E. Browse (1855-1910, incomplete). Also includes family papers of descendants Robert H. Browse (son) and Henry Nicholas Browse (grandson) documenting services purchased and businesses transactions conducted along the Ohio River in the region of the towns of St. Marys, New Martinsville, and Wheeling (ca. 1880-1930). There are also several maps of West Virginia lands in Pleasants and Tyler Counties (ca. 1830-1910), including oil fields in Pleasants County (ca. 1900-1920), pertaining to the business of the Browse family.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers of the Thomas Browse family documenting immigration from England to the Ohio River region in the vicinity of Ohio, western Virginia, and Kentucky (1830); farming in Pleasants County, West Virginia in the vicinity of St. Marys on the Ohio River (ca. 1830s-1900); and the acquisition of and royalties from oil lands in Pleasants County from the region of \"Fish Pot\" (ca. 1880s-1910). Includes diaries of Thomas Browse (1830-1878) and diaries of his daughter Mary E. Browse (1855-1910, incomplete). Also includes family papers of descendants Robert H. Browse (son) and Henry Nicholas Browse (grandson) documenting services purchased and businesses transactions conducted along the Ohio River in the region of the towns of St. Marys, New Martinsville, and Wheeling (ca. 1880-1930). There are also several maps of West Virginia lands in Pleasants and Tyler Counties (ca. 1830-1910), including oil fields in Pleasants County (ca. 1900-1920), pertaining to the business of the Browse family."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_871b441645b5605255c0c3412966b981\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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