{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1888\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=709","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1888\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=708","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1888\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=710","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1888\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=717"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":709,"next_page":710,"prev_page":708,"total_pages":717,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":7080,"total_count":7167,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vaedscl_repositories_2_resources_16_c24","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"William Tisinger Financial Accounts, 1867/1892","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaedscl_repositories_2_resources_16_c24#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaedscl_repositories_2_resources_16_c24","ref_ssm":["vaedscl_repositories_2_resources_16_c24"],"id":"vaedscl_repositories_2_resources_16_c24","ead_ssi":"vaedscl_repositories_2_resources_16","_root_":"vaedscl_repositories_2_resources_16","_nest_parent_":"vaedscl_repositories_2_resources_16","parent_ssi":"vaedscl_repositories_2_resources_16","parent_ssim":["J.H. Tisinger Collection, 1786/1938"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaedscl_repositories_2_resources_16"],"title_filing_ssi":"William Tisinger Financial Accounts","title_ssm":["William Tisinger Financial Accounts"],"title_tesim":["William Tisinger Financial Accounts"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Tisinger Financial Accounts, 1867/1892"],"text":["William Tisinger Financial Accounts, 1867/1892","J.H. Tisinger Collection, 1786/1938","box 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["J.H. Tisinger Collection, 1786/1938"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["J.H. Tisinger Collection, 1786/1938"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1867/1892"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1867-1892"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":24,"repository_ssim":["Shenandoah County Library"],"collection_ssim":["J.H. Tisinger Collection, 1786/1938"],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to researchers without restrictions. Researchers must register and agree to all copyright laws and archives policies before using the collection. Please contact the Shenandoah County Library before visiting to use this collection."],"date_range_isim":[1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892],"_nest_path_":"/components#23","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:22:04.515Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaedscl_repositories_2_resources_16","ead_ssi":"vaedscl_repositories_2_resources_16","_root_":"vaedscl_repositories_2_resources_16","_nest_parent_":"vaedscl_repositories_2_resources_16","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/SCL/repositories_2_resources_16.xml","title_ssm":["J.H. Tisinger Collection"],"title_tesim":["J.H. Tisinger Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1786-1938"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1938"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1786/1938"],"normalized_title_ssm":["J.H. Tisinger Collection, 1786/1938"],"text":["J.H. Tisinger Collection, 1786/1938","2023-0006","/repositories/2/resources/16","Shenandoah County (Va.)","Public libraries - Virginia - Mt. Jackson","Lutheran churches - Virginia - Shenandoah County","This collection is open to researchers without restrictions. Researchers must register and agree to all copyright laws and archives policies before using the collection. Please contact the Shenandoah County Library before visiting to use this collection.","Arranged chronologically based on date associated with documents. Undated material at the rear of the inventory.","\"Joseph Homer Tisinger,\" Find a Grave. Accessed August 2, 2023. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63921509/joseph-homer-tisinger. \"George Washington Walters,\" Find a Grave. Accessed August 2, 2023. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/22934865/george-washington-walters","Joseph Homer Tisinger was born February 28, 1853 in Mt. Jackson, Virginia. He obtained a Masters Degree from the New Market Polytechnic Institute and became a school teacher for several years. Later Tisinger worked as a clerk for the National Bank of Mt. Jackson and then operated a meat business with William Patterson. At the time of his 1938 death he lived and operated a farm which he had owned since 1905. He was married to Julia Henkel of New Market and had three sons and five daughters.","Joseph Tisinger served as executor to several estates, including one George Washington Walters (1812-1891).","Documents were originally stored in commercial plastic sleeves. Some items were folded.","Documents were removed from the sleeves and foldered. Items were flattened and returned of their original state. Oversize materials were placed in custom size folders.","Various documents were paperclipped. All items clipped together or stored in different sheet protectors were filed as originally sorted.","The J.H. Tisinger Collection contains twelve legal size folders and one oversize folder of documents including financial papers, court documents, business records, and other materials from Tisinger and the estates he managed, including that of George Washington Walters.","The collection also includes surveys and court documents dated to before Tisinger's birth. These were most likely produced by Jacob Rinker, surveyor of Shenandoah County and collected by Tisinger who was also a surveyor. Several land transactions and indentures are also included.","Documents produced or retained by Joseph Homer (J.H.) Tisinger of Mt. Jackson. Including surveys, financial, and legal records.","Shenandoah County Library, Truban Archives","Shenandoah County Library: Truban Archives","Tisinger, Joseph Homer (1853-1938)","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["J.H. Tisinger Collection, 1786/1938"],"collection_ssim":["J.H. 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Jackson","Lutheran churches - Virginia - Shenandoah County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Linear Feet One 1/2 size legal box and one oversize folder box (approximately 4 linear feet)."],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Linear Feet One 1/2 size legal box and one oversize folder box (approximately 4 linear feet)."],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to researchers without restrictions. Researchers must register and agree to all copyright laws and archives policies before using the collection. Please contact the Shenandoah County Library before visiting to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to researchers without restrictions. Researchers must register and agree to all copyright laws and archives policies before using the collection. Please contact the Shenandoah County Library before visiting to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically based on date associated with documents. Undated material at the rear of the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically based on date associated with documents. Undated material at the rear of the inventory."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Joseph Homer Tisinger,\" Find a Grave. Accessed August 2, 2023. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63921509/joseph-homer-tisinger. \"George Washington Walters,\" Find a Grave. Accessed August 2, 2023. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/22934865/george-washington-walters\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Joseph Homer Tisinger,\" Find a Grave. Accessed August 2, 2023. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63921509/joseph-homer-tisinger. \"George Washington Walters,\" Find a Grave. Accessed August 2, 2023. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/22934865/george-washington-walters"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph Homer Tisinger was born February 28, 1853 in Mt. Jackson, Virginia. He obtained a Masters Degree from the New Market Polytechnic Institute and became a school teacher for several years. Later Tisinger worked as a clerk for the National Bank of Mt. Jackson and then operated a meat business with William Patterson. At the time of his 1938 death he lived and operated a farm which he had owned since 1905. He was married to Julia Henkel of New Market and had three sons and five daughters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoseph Tisinger served as executor to several estates, including one George Washington Walters (1812-1891).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph Homer Tisinger was born February 28, 1853 in Mt. Jackson, Virginia. He obtained a Masters Degree from the New Market Polytechnic Institute and became a school teacher for several years. Later Tisinger worked as a clerk for the National Bank of Mt. Jackson and then operated a meat business with William Patterson. At the time of his 1938 death he lived and operated a farm which he had owned since 1905. He was married to Julia Henkel of New Market and had three sons and five daughters.","Joseph Tisinger served as executor to several estates, including one George Washington Walters (1812-1891)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item] J.H. Tisinger, Truban Archives, Shenandoah County Library, Edinburg, Virginia, USA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item] J.H. Tisinger, Truban Archives, Shenandoah County Library, Edinburg, Virginia, USA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDocuments were originally stored in commercial plastic sleeves. Some items were folded. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments were removed from the sleeves and foldered. Items were flattened and returned of their original state. Oversize materials were placed in custom size folders. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious documents were paperclipped. All items clipped together or stored in different sheet protectors were filed as originally sorted.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Documents were originally stored in commercial plastic sleeves. Some items were folded.","Documents were removed from the sleeves and foldered. Items were flattened and returned of their original state. Oversize materials were placed in custom size folders.","Various documents were paperclipped. All items clipped together or stored in different sheet protectors were filed as originally sorted."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe J.H. Tisinger Collection contains twelve legal size folders and one oversize folder of documents including financial papers, court documents, business records, and other materials from Tisinger and the estates he managed, including that of George Washington Walters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes surveys and court documents dated to before Tisinger's birth. These were most likely produced by Jacob Rinker, surveyor of Shenandoah County and collected by Tisinger who was also a surveyor. Several land transactions and indentures are also included. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The J.H. Tisinger Collection contains twelve legal size folders and one oversize folder of documents including financial papers, court documents, business records, and other materials from Tisinger and the estates he managed, including that of George Washington Walters.","The collection also includes surveys and court documents dated to before Tisinger's birth. These were most likely produced by Jacob Rinker, surveyor of Shenandoah County and collected by Tisinger who was also a surveyor. Several land transactions and indentures are also included."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6ba6066c49e876c85097f56cebd0ec90\"\u003eDocuments produced or retained by Joseph Homer (J.H.) Tisinger of Mt. Jackson. Including surveys, financial, and legal records.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Documents produced or retained by Joseph Homer (J.H.) Tisinger of Mt. Jackson. Including surveys, financial, and legal records."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_af0ab042c3a03fc74546f0abf4bbd1a0\"\u003eShenandoah County Library, Truban Archives\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Shenandoah County Library, Truban Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["Shenandoah County Library: Truban Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Tisinger, Joseph Homer (1853-1938)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Tisinger, Joseph Homer (1853-1938)"],"names_ssim":["Shenandoah County Library: Truban Archives","Tisinger, Joseph Homer (1853-1938)"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":51,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:22:04.515Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaedscl_repositories_2_resources_16_c24"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c01_c16","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"William Wallace Larkin, 1860/1888","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c01_c16#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c01_c16","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c01_c16"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c01_c16","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c01","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c01","parent_ssim":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955","Series I: Correspondence, 1809/1930"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"William Wallace Larkin","title_ssm":["William Wallace Larkin"],"title_tesim":["William Wallace Larkin"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Wallace Larkin, 1860/1888"],"text":["William Wallace Larkin, 1860/1888","Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955","Series I: Correspondence, 1809/1930","box 1","folder 16"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955","Series I: Correspondence, 1809/1930"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955","Series I: Correspondence, 1809/1930"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1888"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1888"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":17,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 16"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["This collection is largely in the public domain due to its age. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to more recent materials. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#15","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:53.578Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3580.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Dillard-Larkin Family Papers","title_ssm":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1809-1955"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-1955"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1809/1955"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955"],"text":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955","Ms.2021.045","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Virginia -- History","The collection is open for research.","The Dillard-Larkin Family Papers collection is arranged in 3 series, correspondence, financial, and personal papers. The collection also contains photographs and speeches that are not assigned a series.","Series I: Correspondence, 1809-1930, contains personal correspondence between members of the Dillard, Larkin, Christian, Turner, and Wallace families. The bulk of the correspondence is to or from the Dillard or Larkin families. Contents are arranged into folders by author, though folders will occasionally contain both incoming and outgoing correspondence. If a folder contains incoming correspondence, it is addressed to the name in the title of the folder.","Series II: Financial Documents, 1816-1920, 1943-1955, contains one subseries titled \"Ledgers.\" This subseries contains bound record, account, or estate books belonging to the Dillard and Larkin families. The rest of the series contains financial documents such as bills and receipts organized by the individual to whom they belonged.","Series III: Personal Papers, 1819, 1840-1902, is organized by type of document.","The photographs folder contains all photographs within the collection.","The speeches folder contains all written speeches or speech excerpts within the collection.","The guide to the Dillard-Larkin Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Dillard-Larkin Family Papers was completed in March 2022.","This collection contains correspondence to and from the Dillard, Larkin, Turner, Christian, and Wallace families. The collection also includes financial documents and records, speeches, photographs, and personal papers from the Dillard and Larkin families. Materials range from approximately 1811-1955.","Series I: Correspondence, 1809-1930, contains personal correspondence between members of the Dillard, Larkin, Christian, Turner, and Wallace families. The bulk of the correspondence is to or from the Dillard or Larkin families. Some of the correspondence is related to legal proceedings or court cases, as a number of Dillard family members worked as attorneys or lawyers.","Series II: Financial Documents, 1816-1920, 1943-1955, contains one subseries titled \"Ledgers.\" This subseries contains bound record, account, or estate books belonging to the Dillard and Larkin families. The rest of the series contains financial documents such as bills and receipts from the families of the collection.","Series III: Personal Papers, 1819, 1840-1902 includes school reports, calling cards, Larkin ephemera, Dillard court case papers, Dillard notes on the practice of medicine, and a scrapbook.","The folder titled \"Photographs,\" which does not have a series, contains pictures taken in the 1920s. The photographs include people related to the Larkin family and various Larkin properties.","The folder titled \"Speeches,\" which does not have a series, contains manuscript copies of speeches or excerpts of speeches, including a speech given by Terisha Washington Dillard.","This collection is largely in the public domain due to its age. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to more recent materials. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains correspondence to and from the Dillard, Larkin, Turner, Christian, and Wallace families. The collection also includes financial documents and records, speeches, photographs, and personal papers from the Dillard and Larkin families. Materials range from approximately 1811 through 1955.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Dillard family","Larkin family","Dillard, James Spotswood, 1791-1866","Dillard, Terisha Washington, 1817-1863","The materials in this collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955"],"collection_ssim":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2021.045"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2021.045"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Dillard, James Spotswood, 1791-1866","Dillard, Terisha Washington, 1817-1863","Dillard family","Larkin family"],"creator_ssim":["Dillard, James Spotswood, 1791-1866","Dillard, Terisha Washington, 1817-1863","Dillard family","Larkin family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Dillard, James Spotswood, 1791-1866","Dillard, Terisha Washington, 1817-1863"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Dillard family","Larkin family"],"creators_ssim":["Dillard, James Spotswood, 1791-1866","Dillard, Terisha Washington, 1817-1863","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Dillard family","Larkin family"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection is largely in the public domain due to its age. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to more recent materials. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Dillard-Larkin Family Papers were purchased in multiple accessions in 2020 and 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Virginia -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Virginia -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.9 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.9 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Dillard-Larkin Family Papers collection is arranged in 3 series, correspondence, financial, and personal papers. The collection also contains photographs and speeches that are not assigned a series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Correspondence, 1809-1930, contains personal correspondence between members of the Dillard, Larkin, Christian, Turner, and Wallace families. The bulk of the correspondence is to or from the Dillard or Larkin families. Contents are arranged into folders by author, though folders will occasionally contain both incoming and outgoing correspondence. If a folder contains incoming correspondence, it is addressed to the name in the title of the folder. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Financial Documents, 1816-1920, 1943-1955, contains one subseries titled \"Ledgers.\" This subseries contains bound record, account, or estate books belonging to the Dillard and Larkin families. The rest of the series contains financial documents such as bills and receipts organized by the individual to whom they belonged. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Personal Papers, 1819, 1840-1902, is organized by type of document. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photographs folder contains all photographs within the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe speeches folder contains all written speeches or speech excerpts within the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Dillard-Larkin Family Papers collection is arranged in 3 series, correspondence, financial, and personal papers. The collection also contains photographs and speeches that are not assigned a series.","Series I: Correspondence, 1809-1930, contains personal correspondence between members of the Dillard, Larkin, Christian, Turner, and Wallace families. The bulk of the correspondence is to or from the Dillard or Larkin families. Contents are arranged into folders by author, though folders will occasionally contain both incoming and outgoing correspondence. If a folder contains incoming correspondence, it is addressed to the name in the title of the folder.","Series II: Financial Documents, 1816-1920, 1943-1955, contains one subseries titled \"Ledgers.\" This subseries contains bound record, account, or estate books belonging to the Dillard and Larkin families. The rest of the series contains financial documents such as bills and receipts organized by the individual to whom they belonged.","Series III: Personal Papers, 1819, 1840-1902, is organized by type of document.","The photographs folder contains all photographs within the collection.","The speeches folder contains all written speeches or speech excerpts within the collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Dillard-Larkin Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Dillard-Larkin Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, Ms2021-045, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, Ms2021-045, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Dillard-Larkin Family Papers was completed in March 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Dillard-Larkin Family Papers was completed in March 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains correspondence to and from the Dillard, Larkin, Turner, Christian, and Wallace families. The collection also includes financial documents and records, speeches, photographs, and personal papers from the Dillard and Larkin families. Materials range from approximately 1811-1955.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Correspondence, 1809-1930, contains personal correspondence between members of the Dillard, Larkin, Christian, Turner, and Wallace families. The bulk of the correspondence is to or from the Dillard or Larkin families. Some of the correspondence is related to legal proceedings or court cases, as a number of Dillard family members worked as attorneys or lawyers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Financial Documents, 1816-1920, 1943-1955, contains one subseries titled \"Ledgers.\" This subseries contains bound record, account, or estate books belonging to the Dillard and Larkin families. The rest of the series contains financial documents such as bills and receipts from the families of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Personal Papers, 1819, 1840-1902 includes school reports, calling cards, Larkin ephemera, Dillard court case papers, Dillard notes on the practice of medicine, and a scrapbook.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder titled \"Photographs,\" which does not have a series, contains pictures taken in the 1920s. The photographs include people related to the Larkin family and various Larkin properties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder titled \"Speeches,\" which does not have a series, contains manuscript copies of speeches or excerpts of speeches, including a speech given by Terisha Washington Dillard. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains correspondence to and from the Dillard, Larkin, Turner, Christian, and Wallace families. The collection also includes financial documents and records, speeches, photographs, and personal papers from the Dillard and Larkin families. Materials range from approximately 1811-1955.","Series I: Correspondence, 1809-1930, contains personal correspondence between members of the Dillard, Larkin, Christian, Turner, and Wallace families. The bulk of the correspondence is to or from the Dillard or Larkin families. Some of the correspondence is related to legal proceedings or court cases, as a number of Dillard family members worked as attorneys or lawyers.","Series II: Financial Documents, 1816-1920, 1943-1955, contains one subseries titled \"Ledgers.\" This subseries contains bound record, account, or estate books belonging to the Dillard and Larkin families. The rest of the series contains financial documents such as bills and receipts from the families of the collection.","Series III: Personal Papers, 1819, 1840-1902 includes school reports, calling cards, Larkin ephemera, Dillard court case papers, Dillard notes on the practice of medicine, and a scrapbook.","The folder titled \"Photographs,\" which does not have a series, contains pictures taken in the 1920s. The photographs include people related to the Larkin family and various Larkin properties.","The folder titled \"Speeches,\" which does not have a series, contains manuscript copies of speeches or excerpts of speeches, including a speech given by Terisha Washington Dillard."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is largely in the public domain due to its age. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to more recent materials. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection is largely in the public domain due to its age. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to more recent materials. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_dfab9957c51b421b51b801b191656a2e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains correspondence to and from the Dillard, Larkin, Turner, Christian, and Wallace families. The collection also includes financial documents and records, speeches, photographs, and personal papers from the Dillard and Larkin families. Materials range from approximately 1811 through 1955.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains correspondence to and from the Dillard, Larkin, Turner, Christian, and Wallace families. The collection also includes financial documents and records, speeches, photographs, and personal papers from the Dillard and Larkin families. Materials range from approximately 1811 through 1955."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Dillard family","Larkin family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Dillard family","Larkin family"],"persname_ssim":["Dillard, James Spotswood, 1791-1866","Dillard, Terisha Washington, 1817-1863"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Dillard family","Larkin family","Dillard, James Spotswood, 1791-1866","Dillard, Terisha Washington, 1817-1863"],"language_ssim":["The materials in this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":55,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:53.578Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c01_c16"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_18_c02_c34","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"William Webster: Genealogy: Judge Stevenson Archer Williams, 1870/1973","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_18_c02_c34#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_18_c02_c34","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_18_c02_c34"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_18_c02_c34","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_18","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_18","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_18_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_18_c02","parent_ssim":["Gordon and Webster family papers, 1870/2001","II. William Webster"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_18","viu_repositories_3_resources_18_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"William Webster: Genealogy: Judge Stevenson Archer Williams","title_ssm":["William Webster: Genealogy: Judge Stevenson Archer Williams"],"title_tesim":["William Webster: Genealogy: Judge Stevenson Archer Williams"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Webster: Genealogy: Judge Stevenson Archer Williams, 1870/1973"],"text":["William Webster: Genealogy: Judge Stevenson Archer Williams, 1870/1973","Gordon and Webster family papers, 1870/2001","II. William Webster","box 14","folder 10"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Gordon and Webster family papers, 1870/2001","II. William Webster"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Gordon and Webster family papers, 1870/2001","II. 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After studying charters of MVLA and Mount Vernon Railroad Co. he concludes therRailroad has no right coming any closer than the edge of Mount Vernon land. If railroad tries it, they can get an injunction or suit against trespassers. ER-6, p. 269\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_38_c06_c89_c10#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_38_c06_c89_c10","ref_ssm":["vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_38_c06_c89_c10"],"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_38_c06_c89_c10","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_38","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_38","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_38_c06_c89","parent_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_38_c06_c89","parent_ssim":["Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, 1853/1951, bulk 1853/1875","Series 6. Correspondence, 1852/1951","Correspondence, 1888/1890"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_38","vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_38_c06","vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_38_c06_c89"],"title_filing_ssi":"William Wirt Henry to Emma Read Ball","title_ssm":["William Wirt Henry to Emma Read Ball"],"title_tesim":["William Wirt Henry to Emma Read Ball"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Wirt Henry to Emma Read Ball, 1888"],"text":["William Wirt Henry to Emma Read Ball, 1888","Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, 1853/1951, bulk 1853/1875","Series 6. Correspondence, 1852/1951","Correspondence, 1888/1890","box 99","Ball, Emma R., 1838-1918","English.","A.L.S. with typescript copy. After studying charters of MVLA and Mount Vernon Railroad Co. he concludes therRailroad has no right coming any closer than the edge of Mount Vernon land. If railroad tries it, they can get an injunction or suit against trespassers.  ER-6, p. 269"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, 1853/1951, bulk 1853/1875","Series 6. Correspondence, 1852/1951","Correspondence, 1888/1890"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, 1853/1951, bulk 1853/1875","Series 6. Correspondence, 1852/1951","Correspondence, 1888/1890"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1888"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1888 June 14"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":5011,"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"collection_ssim":["Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, 1853/1951, bulk 1853/1875"],"containers_ssim":["box 99"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain material for preservation purposes."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Material can be reproduced for study or personal use upon written approval from library staff."],"persname_ssim":["Ball, Emma R., 1838-1918"],"names_ssim":["Ball, Emma R., 1838-1918"],"language_ssim":["English."],"date_range_isim":[1888],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. with typescript copy. After studying charters of MVLA and Mount Vernon Railroad Co. he concludes therRailroad has no right coming any closer than the edge of Mount Vernon land. If railroad tries it, they can get an injunction or suit against trespassers.  ER-6, p. 269\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A.L.S. with typescript copy. After studying charters of MVLA and Mount Vernon Railroad Co. he concludes therRailroad has no right coming any closer than the edge of Mount Vernon land. If railroad tries it, they can get an injunction or suit against trespassers.  ER-6, p. 269"],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#88/components#9","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:38:48.040Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_38","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_38","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_38","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_38","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_2_resources_38.xml","title_ssm":["Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"title_tesim":["Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"unitdate_ssm":["1853 - 1951","1853-1875"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1853 - 1951"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1853-1875"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1853/1951, bulk 1853/1875"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, 1853/1951, bulk 1853/1875"],"text":["Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, 1853/1951, bulk 1853/1875","A.MVLA.ER","/repositories/2/resources/38","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain material for preservation purposes.","Some items from this collection have been digitized. Please see the online collection here: http://catalog.mountvernon.org/digital/collection/p16829coll35","The original organization of the collection was item-level in chronological order. A card catalog was created for the collection with detailed information on each item. Later attempts to reorganize the collection led to its current arrangement. Correspondence, the bulk of the material, remained intact in chronological order but other records were pulled out and filed by content or subject matter, such as financial documents, appeals, etc.  The separated material was placed into series and subseries, and then filed chronologically. The correspondence series still holds several financial and administrative items that were never removed. The Early Records of the MVLA contains the following series:","Series 1. Administrative Records","Series 1.1. Administrative, General","Series 1.2. Governing Documents (Acts of Incorporation, Bylaws)","Series 1.3. Civil War","Series 1.4. Minutes of the Council","Series 1.5. Reports","Series 1.6. Wills \nSeries 2. Appeals","Series 2.1. Appeals of the MVLA","Series 2.2. Appeals to States\nSeries 3. Financial Documents","Series 3.1. Financial Documents, General","Series 3.2. Checks and Receipts","Series 3.3. Subscriptions\nSeries 4. MVLA Histories and Biographies\nSeries 5. Printed Material and News Clippings\nSeries 6. Correspondence\nSeries 7. Bound Volumes\nSeries 8. Photographs","The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) was founded in 1853 by Ann Pamela Cunningham, the first Regent of the Association. The purpose of the MVLA was to purchase Mount Vernon, the home of George Washington, in order to restore the property and open the grounds to patriots and admirers who wanted to visit Washington's home and tomb. Ann Pamela Cunningham became interested in the preservation of Mount Vernon when her mother, traveling down the Potomac River in 1853, viewed the house in its neglected and dilapidated state and wrote to her daughter of its condition. Both women thought it shameful to allow the first President's home to fall into ruin. A determined Ann Pamela Cunningham assembled twenty-two likeminded women, each one from a different state, to be Vice Regents of the MVLA. Together they aimed to raise money to purchase the property, pay off all debt, and return the Mansion, gardens and grounds to the condition in which they were left by Washington himself. John Augustine Washington III, George Washington's great-grandnephew and the owner of Mount Vernon at the time, delayed several years in selling the home to the Ladies' Association. He preferred a sale to the State of Virginia or the federal government, both of which declined purchase. In 1858, he finally agreed to sell Mount Vernon to Ann Pamela Cunningham and the MVLA for $200,000.","For the next few years, the women of the MVLA endeavored to make other Americans aware of their quest to save Mount Vernon, often via newspaper articles and pamphlets, in order to raise enough money to purchase the property. As Regent, Ann Pamela Cunningham spearheaded these efforts, while the Vice Regents oversaw fundraising in their individual states. Their cause was soon interrupted by the outbreak of the Civil War.  Mount Vernon's contentious location between Union and Confederate boundaries made it very difficult for potential visitors to travel there.  In spite of these unfavorable conditions, the Ladies of the MVLA continued to raise money for the care of Mount Vernon, and hosted hundreds of visitors including Union and Confederate troops. The post-war period brought other challenges, but the MVLA always maintained constant care and security of the historic areas at Mount Vernon.","Today the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association is remembered as the first organization in the United States dedicated solely to historic preservation. The Association remains loyal to its original goals, the restoration and care of George Washington's Mount Vernon, while also opening the estate to visitors 365 days a year. Members of the MVLA continue under the structure designed by the first women who joined, operating as the executive board of this historic home with one Regent and over twenty Vice Regents, each from a different state. The estate now consists of not only the Mansion, outbuildings, gardens, and tomb of Washington, but also a Pioneer Farm, Gristmill, Distillery, museum and education center, the National Library for the Study of George Washington, gift shops, a food pavilion, and a restaurant.","The nucleus of this collection was created from papers given to the Association by Ann Pamela Cunningham around the time of her retirement as Regent. Several other Vice Regents followed her example and later donated their papers as well. These records were referred to as the \"Early Records\" since the time they were first established as an archival collection. A large portion of this collection is correspondence concerning the founding of the MVLA and the operation of Mount Vernon as a historic site. Other important resources are the appeals written by Ann Pamela Cunningham and the Vice Regents, governing documents, subscription or donation lists, printed material or publications, and bound volumes such as ledgers or scrapbooks. Individual items were added to the collection as they were acquired. The Early Records includes items dated 1852-1951, however the bulk of the material dates from 1858 to around 1880.","Material can be reproduced for study or personal use upon written approval from library staff.","Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Harper \u0026 Brothers","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Jeffrey, Rosa Vertner, 1828-1894","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","McWillie, Catherine Anderson, 1812-1873","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Morse, Margaretta Wederstrandt, 1816-1893","Greenough, Louisa Ingersoll, 1813-1891","Brown, David Paul, 1795-1872","Cutts, Mary Pepperell Sparhawk Jarvis, 1809-1879","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Riggs, Janet Shedden, 1815-1871","Tiffey, S.W.","Craig, James Y., 1839-1926","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","McClellan, George B.  (George Brinton), 1826-1885","Slough, John Potts, -1867","Schuyler, Mary Morris Hamilton, 1818-1877","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Pellet, Susan L., 1808-1893","Riggs, George Washington, 1813-1881","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Hoyt, Elizabeth Orpha Sampson","Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Hill, Alice Hale, 1840-1908","Goodrich, Mary Boott, 1807-1868","Barry, Elizabeth Willard, 1814-1883","Van Antwerp, Jane Yates, 1815-1870","Little, Abba Isabella Chamberlain, 1816-1893","Goldsborough, Eleanor Rogers, 1822-1906","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Hale, Sarah King, 1798-1865","Conover, Helen Field, 1833-1914","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Pickens, Lucy Petaway Holcombe","Fogg, Francis B., Mrs., 1800-1872","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Dickinson, Alice London, 1814-1881","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Sibley, Sarah Steele, 1823-1869","Lambdin, James Reid, 1807-1889","Herbert, Upton","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Cunningham, Louisa Bird, 1794-1873","Gilmer, John H. (John Harmer), 1812-","Booth, Edwin, 1833-1893","Murat, Catherine Willis, 1803-1867","Sigourney, L.H. (Lydia Howard), 1791-1865","Johnson, Christie","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Macfarland, W.H. (William Hamilton), 1799-1872","Johnson, Joseph, 1785-1877","Johnson, Arete E., 1829-1904","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Walton, Elizabeth McKnight Tilden","Ruggles, Samuel B. (Samuel Bulkley), 1800-1881","Brooks, Mary Cunningham Randolph, 1816-1882","Ritchie, William F., 1813-1877","Hale, Sarah Josepha Buell, 1788-1879","Le Vert, Octavia Walton, 1810-1877","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1806-1876","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Rush, Richard, 1780-1859","Vaux, Richard, 1816-1895","Miles, William Porcher, 1822-1899","Petigru, James Louis, 1789-1863","Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863","Hodge, Hugh L. (Hugh Lenox), 1796-1873","Yulee, Nancy Wickliffe, 1822-1885","Ogden, Phebe Ann, 1790-1865","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Fillmore, Millard, 1800-1874","Long, Ellen Call, 1825-1905","Cooper, Susan Fenimore, 1813-1894","Eyster, Nellie Blessing, 1836-1922","Van Buren, Martin, 1782-1862","Godey, Louis Antoine, 1804-1878","Hamilton, James A. (James Alexander), 1788-1878","McMakin, Mary A.","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Otis, Harrison Gray, Mrs., 1796-1873","Crutchett, James, 1816-","Pendleton, Mary Alicia Key, 1824-1886","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903","Thane, Elswyth, 1900-1984","Macalester, Charles, 1798-1873","Jones, George, 1810-1875","Ingersoll, Joseph R. (Joseph Reed), 1786-1868","Chesnut, Mary, 1775-1864","Kip, William Ingraham, 1811-1893","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Schuyler, Philip John, 1733-1804","Fitch, Harriet Satterlee","Lincoln, Mary Todd, 1818-1882","Lamon, Ward Hill, 1828-1893","Phelps, Lincoln, Mrs., 1793-1884","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Townsend, E.D. (Edward Davis), 1817-1893","Van Rensselaer, Henry, 1811-1864","Homer, Winslow, 1836-1910","Stanton, Edwin M.  (Edwin McMasters), 1814-1869","Hunt, Anne Lucas, 1796-1879","Comegys, Joseph P. (Joseph Parsons), 1813-1893","Ridgely, Eliza Eichelberger, 1803-1867","Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882","Halsted, N. Norris (Nathaniel Norris), 1816-1884","Henry, Joseph, 1797-1878","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Mason, Betsey (Elizabeth Price), 1802-1873","Lee, Robert E.  (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Ball, Emma R., 1838-1918","Cunningham, Emma Floride, 1841-1919","Taylor, Benjamin Van Campen, 1846-1906","Barnum, P. T. (Phineas Taylor), 1810-1891","Lee, George Washington Custis, 1832-1913","Hardenbergh, Augustus Albert, 1830-1889","Thomas, Henry W.  (Henry Wirtz), 1812-1890","Blake, Levi Lowell, 1830-1904","Barnes, Mary Fauntleroy, 1824-1912","Lee, Fitzhugh, 1835-1905","Broadwell, Elizabeth Lytle","Ward, Jennie Meeker (Sarah Jane), 1833-1910","Holstein, Anna M. (Anna Morris)","Hollingsworth, Virginia Nicholls, 1825-1895","Leiter, Mary Theresa, 1844-1913","Longfellow, Alice M. (Alice Mary), 1850-1928","Brown, Cynthia Pillow Saunders, 1810-1892","Fleming, Robert Isaac, 1842-1907","Riggs, Elisha Francis, 1851-1910","Finch, Fannie Louisa Augusta Washington, 1828-1900","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Blanchard, Newton C. (Newton Crain), 1849-1922","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Adee, Alvey A. (Alvey Augustus), 1842-1924","Young , James","Rathbone, Elizabeth Adams, 1837-1923","Ames, Anne Carrington Dwight, 1849-1904","Graham, Christine Blair, 1852-1915","Herbert, Leila","Richardson, Ida Ann Slocomb, 1830-1910","Flandrau, Rebecca Blair, -1911","Washington, Lawrence, 1854-1920","Sargent, Charles Sprague, 1841-1927","Peale, Rembrandt, 1778-1860","Meikleham, Septimia Randolph, 1814-1887","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, 1853/1951, bulk 1853/1875"],"collection_ssim":["Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, 1853/1951, bulk 1853/1875"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A.MVLA.ER","/repositories/2/resources/38"],"unitid_tesim":["A.MVLA.ER","/repositories/2/resources/38"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"creator_ssim":["Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Jeffrey, Rosa Vertner, 1828-1894","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","McWillie, Catherine Anderson, 1812-1873","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Morse, Margaretta Wederstrandt, 1816-1893","Greenough, Louisa Ingersoll, 1813-1891","Brown, David Paul, 1795-1872","Cutts, Mary Pepperell Sparhawk Jarvis, 1809-1879","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Riggs, Janet Shedden, 1815-1871","Tiffey, S.W.","Craig, James Y., 1839-1926","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","McClellan, George B.  (George Brinton), 1826-1885","Slough, John Potts, -1867","Schuyler, Mary Morris Hamilton, 1818-1877","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Pellet, Susan L., 1808-1893","Riggs, George Washington, 1813-1881","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Hoyt, Elizabeth Orpha Sampson","Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Hill, Alice Hale, 1840-1908","Goodrich, Mary Boott, 1807-1868","Barry, Elizabeth Willard, 1814-1883","Van Antwerp, Jane Yates, 1815-1870","Little, Abba Isabella Chamberlain, 1816-1893","Goldsborough, Eleanor Rogers, 1822-1906","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Hale, Sarah King, 1798-1865","Conover, Helen Field, 1833-1914","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Pickens, Lucy Petaway Holcombe","Fogg, Francis B., Mrs., 1800-1872","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Dickinson, Alice London, 1814-1881","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Sibley, Sarah Steele, 1823-1869","Lambdin, James Reid, 1807-1889","Herbert, Upton","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Cunningham, Louisa Bird, 1794-1873","Gilmer, John H. (John Harmer), 1812-","Booth, Edwin, 1833-1893","Murat, Catherine Willis, 1803-1867","Sigourney, L.H. (Lydia Howard), 1791-1865","Johnson, Christie","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Macfarland, W.H. (William Hamilton), 1799-1872","Johnson, Joseph, 1785-1877","Johnson, Arete E., 1829-1904","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Walton, Elizabeth McKnight Tilden","Ruggles, Samuel B. (Samuel Bulkley), 1800-1881","Brooks, Mary Cunningham Randolph, 1816-1882","Ritchie, William F., 1813-1877","Hale, Sarah Josepha Buell, 1788-1879","Le Vert, Octavia Walton, 1810-1877","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1806-1876","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Rush, Richard, 1780-1859","Vaux, Richard, 1816-1895","Miles, William Porcher, 1822-1899","Petigru, James Louis, 1789-1863","Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863","Hodge, Hugh L. (Hugh Lenox), 1796-1873","Yulee, Nancy Wickliffe, 1822-1885","Ogden, Phebe Ann, 1790-1865","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Fillmore, Millard, 1800-1874","Long, Ellen Call, 1825-1905","Cooper, Susan Fenimore, 1813-1894","Eyster, Nellie Blessing, 1836-1922","Van Buren, Martin, 1782-1862","Godey, Louis Antoine, 1804-1878","Hamilton, James A. (James Alexander), 1788-1878","McMakin, Mary A.","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Otis, Harrison Gray, Mrs., 1796-1873","Crutchett, James, 1816-","Pendleton, Mary Alicia Key, 1824-1886","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903","Thane, Elswyth, 1900-1984","Macalester, Charles, 1798-1873","Jones, George, 1810-1875","Ingersoll, Joseph R. (Joseph Reed), 1786-1868","Chesnut, Mary, 1775-1864","Kip, William Ingraham, 1811-1893","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Schuyler, Philip John, 1733-1804","Fitch, Harriet Satterlee","Lincoln, Mary Todd, 1818-1882","Lamon, Ward Hill, 1828-1893","Phelps, Lincoln, Mrs., 1793-1884","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Townsend, E.D. (Edward Davis), 1817-1893","Van Rensselaer, Henry, 1811-1864","Homer, Winslow, 1836-1910","Stanton, Edwin M.  (Edwin McMasters), 1814-1869","Hunt, Anne Lucas, 1796-1879","Comegys, Joseph P. (Joseph Parsons), 1813-1893","Ridgely, Eliza Eichelberger, 1803-1867","Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882","Halsted, N. Norris (Nathaniel Norris), 1816-1884","Henry, Joseph, 1797-1878","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Mason, Betsey (Elizabeth Price), 1802-1873","Lee, Robert E.  (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Ball, Emma R., 1838-1918","Cunningham, Emma Floride, 1841-1919","Taylor, Benjamin Van Campen, 1846-1906","Barnum, P. T. (Phineas Taylor), 1810-1891","Lee, George Washington Custis, 1832-1913","Hardenbergh, Augustus Albert, 1830-1889","Thomas, Henry W.  (Henry Wirtz), 1812-1890","Blake, Levi Lowell, 1830-1904","Barnes, Mary Fauntleroy, 1824-1912","Lee, Fitzhugh, 1835-1905","Broadwell, Elizabeth Lytle","Ward, Jennie Meeker (Sarah Jane), 1833-1910","Holstein, Anna M. (Anna Morris)","Hollingsworth, Virginia Nicholls, 1825-1895","Leiter, Mary Theresa, 1844-1913","Longfellow, Alice M. (Alice Mary), 1850-1928","Brown, Cynthia Pillow Saunders, 1810-1892","Fleming, Robert Isaac, 1842-1907","Riggs, Elisha Francis, 1851-1910","Finch, Fannie Louisa Augusta Washington, 1828-1900","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Blanchard, Newton C. (Newton Crain), 1849-1922","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Adee, Alvey A. (Alvey Augustus), 1842-1924","Young , James","Rathbone, Elizabeth Adams, 1837-1923","Ames, Anne Carrington Dwight, 1849-1904","Graham, Christine Blair, 1852-1915","Herbert, Leila","Richardson, Ida Ann Slocomb, 1830-1910","Flandrau, Rebecca Blair, -1911","Washington, Lawrence, 1854-1920","Sargent, Charles Sprague, 1841-1927","Peale, Rembrandt, 1778-1860","Meikleham, Septimia Randolph, 1814-1887"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Harper \u0026 Brothers"],"creators_ssim":["Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Jeffrey, Rosa Vertner, 1828-1894","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","McWillie, Catherine Anderson, 1812-1873","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Morse, Margaretta Wederstrandt, 1816-1893","Greenough, Louisa Ingersoll, 1813-1891","Brown, David Paul, 1795-1872","Cutts, Mary Pepperell Sparhawk Jarvis, 1809-1879","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Riggs, Janet Shedden, 1815-1871","Tiffey, S.W.","Craig, James Y., 1839-1926","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","McClellan, George B.  (George Brinton), 1826-1885","Slough, John Potts, -1867","Schuyler, Mary Morris Hamilton, 1818-1877","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Pellet, Susan L., 1808-1893","Riggs, George Washington, 1813-1881","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Hoyt, Elizabeth Orpha Sampson","Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Hill, Alice Hale, 1840-1908","Goodrich, Mary Boott, 1807-1868","Barry, Elizabeth Willard, 1814-1883","Van Antwerp, Jane Yates, 1815-1870","Little, Abba Isabella Chamberlain, 1816-1893","Goldsborough, Eleanor Rogers, 1822-1906","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Hale, Sarah King, 1798-1865","Conover, Helen Field, 1833-1914","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Pickens, Lucy Petaway Holcombe","Fogg, Francis B., Mrs., 1800-1872","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Dickinson, Alice London, 1814-1881","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Sibley, Sarah Steele, 1823-1869","Lambdin, James Reid, 1807-1889","Herbert, Upton","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Cunningham, Louisa Bird, 1794-1873","Gilmer, John H. (John Harmer), 1812-","Booth, Edwin, 1833-1893","Murat, Catherine Willis, 1803-1867","Sigourney, L.H. (Lydia Howard), 1791-1865","Johnson, Christie","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Macfarland, W.H. (William Hamilton), 1799-1872","Johnson, Joseph, 1785-1877","Johnson, Arete E., 1829-1904","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Walton, Elizabeth McKnight Tilden","Ruggles, Samuel B. (Samuel Bulkley), 1800-1881","Brooks, Mary Cunningham Randolph, 1816-1882","Ritchie, William F., 1813-1877","Hale, Sarah Josepha Buell, 1788-1879","Le Vert, Octavia Walton, 1810-1877","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1806-1876","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Rush, Richard, 1780-1859","Vaux, Richard, 1816-1895","Miles, William Porcher, 1822-1899","Petigru, James Louis, 1789-1863","Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863","Hodge, Hugh L. (Hugh Lenox), 1796-1873","Yulee, Nancy Wickliffe, 1822-1885","Ogden, Phebe Ann, 1790-1865","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Fillmore, Millard, 1800-1874","Long, Ellen Call, 1825-1905","Cooper, Susan Fenimore, 1813-1894","Eyster, Nellie Blessing, 1836-1922","Van Buren, Martin, 1782-1862","Godey, Louis Antoine, 1804-1878","Hamilton, James A. (James Alexander), 1788-1878","McMakin, Mary A.","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Otis, Harrison Gray, Mrs., 1796-1873","Crutchett, James, 1816-","Pendleton, Mary Alicia Key, 1824-1886","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903","Thane, Elswyth, 1900-1984","Macalester, Charles, 1798-1873","Jones, George, 1810-1875","Ingersoll, Joseph R. (Joseph Reed), 1786-1868","Chesnut, Mary, 1775-1864","Kip, William Ingraham, 1811-1893","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Schuyler, Philip John, 1733-1804","Fitch, Harriet Satterlee","Lincoln, Mary Todd, 1818-1882","Lamon, Ward Hill, 1828-1893","Phelps, Lincoln, Mrs., 1793-1884","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Townsend, E.D. (Edward Davis), 1817-1893","Van Rensselaer, Henry, 1811-1864","Homer, Winslow, 1836-1910","Stanton, Edwin M.  (Edwin McMasters), 1814-1869","Hunt, Anne Lucas, 1796-1879","Comegys, Joseph P. (Joseph Parsons), 1813-1893","Ridgely, Eliza Eichelberger, 1803-1867","Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882","Halsted, N. Norris (Nathaniel Norris), 1816-1884","Henry, Joseph, 1797-1878","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Mason, Betsey (Elizabeth Price), 1802-1873","Lee, Robert E.  (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Ball, Emma R., 1838-1918","Cunningham, Emma Floride, 1841-1919","Taylor, Benjamin Van Campen, 1846-1906","Barnum, P. T. (Phineas Taylor), 1810-1891","Lee, George Washington Custis, 1832-1913","Hardenbergh, Augustus Albert, 1830-1889","Thomas, Henry W.  (Henry Wirtz), 1812-1890","Blake, Levi Lowell, 1830-1904","Barnes, Mary Fauntleroy, 1824-1912","Lee, Fitzhugh, 1835-1905","Broadwell, Elizabeth Lytle","Ward, Jennie Meeker (Sarah Jane), 1833-1910","Holstein, Anna M. (Anna Morris)","Hollingsworth, Virginia Nicholls, 1825-1895","Leiter, Mary Theresa, 1844-1913","Longfellow, Alice M. (Alice Mary), 1850-1928","Brown, Cynthia Pillow Saunders, 1810-1892","Fleming, Robert Isaac, 1842-1907","Riggs, Elisha Francis, 1851-1910","Finch, Fannie Louisa Augusta Washington, 1828-1900","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Blanchard, Newton C. (Newton Crain), 1849-1922","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Adee, Alvey A. (Alvey Augustus), 1842-1924","Young , James","Rathbone, Elizabeth Adams, 1837-1923","Ames, Anne Carrington Dwight, 1849-1904","Graham, Christine Blair, 1852-1915","Herbert, Leila","Richardson, Ida Ann Slocomb, 1830-1910","Flandrau, Rebecca Blair, -1911","Washington, Lawrence, 1854-1920","Sargent, Charles Sprague, 1841-1927","Peale, Rembrandt, 1778-1860","Meikleham, Septimia Randolph, 1814-1887","Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Harper \u0026 Brothers"],"access_terms_ssm":["Material can be reproduced for study or personal use upon written approval from library staff."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["25 Linear Feet 117 legal-size clamshell flat storage boxes, 1 oversize clamshell flat storage box"],"extent_tesim":["25 Linear Feet 117 legal-size clamshell flat storage boxes, 1 oversize clamshell flat storage box"],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain material for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain material for preservation purposes."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome items from this collection have been digitized. Please see the online collection here: http://catalog.mountvernon.org/digital/collection/p16829coll35\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some items from this collection have been digitized. Please see the online collection here: http://catalog.mountvernon.org/digital/collection/p16829coll35"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe original organization of the collection was item-level in chronological order. A card catalog was created for the collection with detailed information on each item. Later attempts to reorganize the collection led to its current arrangement. Correspondence, the bulk of the material, remained intact in chronological order but other records were pulled out and filed by content or subject matter, such as financial documents, appeals, etc.  The separated material was placed into series and subseries, and then filed chronologically. The correspondence series still holds several financial and administrative items that were never removed. The Early Records of the MVLA contains the following series: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Administrative Records \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1.1. Administrative, General\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1.2. Governing Documents (Acts of Incorporation, Bylaws)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1.3. Civil War \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1.4. Minutes of the Council\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1.5. Reports\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1.6. Wills \nSeries 2. Appeals\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2.1. Appeals of the MVLA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2.2. Appeals to States\nSeries 3. Financial Documents\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3.1. Financial Documents, General\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3.2. Checks and Receipts\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3.3. Subscriptions\nSeries 4. MVLA Histories and Biographies\nSeries 5. Printed Material and News Clippings\nSeries 6. Correspondence\nSeries 7. Bound Volumes\nSeries 8. Photographs\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The original organization of the collection was item-level in chronological order. A card catalog was created for the collection with detailed information on each item. Later attempts to reorganize the collection led to its current arrangement. Correspondence, the bulk of the material, remained intact in chronological order but other records were pulled out and filed by content or subject matter, such as financial documents, appeals, etc.  The separated material was placed into series and subseries, and then filed chronologically. The correspondence series still holds several financial and administrative items that were never removed. The Early Records of the MVLA contains the following series:","Series 1. Administrative Records","Series 1.1. Administrative, General","Series 1.2. Governing Documents (Acts of Incorporation, Bylaws)","Series 1.3. Civil War","Series 1.4. Minutes of the Council","Series 1.5. Reports","Series 1.6. Wills \nSeries 2. Appeals","Series 2.1. Appeals of the MVLA","Series 2.2. Appeals to States\nSeries 3. Financial Documents","Series 3.1. Financial Documents, General","Series 3.2. Checks and Receipts","Series 3.3. Subscriptions\nSeries 4. MVLA Histories and Biographies\nSeries 5. Printed Material and News Clippings\nSeries 6. Correspondence\nSeries 7. Bound Volumes\nSeries 8. Photographs"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) was founded in 1853 by Ann Pamela Cunningham, the first Regent of the Association. The purpose of the MVLA was to purchase Mount Vernon, the home of George Washington, in order to restore the property and open the grounds to patriots and admirers who wanted to visit Washington's home and tomb. Ann Pamela Cunningham became interested in the preservation of Mount Vernon when her mother, traveling down the Potomac River in 1853, viewed the house in its neglected and dilapidated state and wrote to her daughter of its condition. Both women thought it shameful to allow the first President's home to fall into ruin. A determined Ann Pamela Cunningham assembled twenty-two likeminded women, each one from a different state, to be Vice Regents of the MVLA. Together they aimed to raise money to purchase the property, pay off all debt, and return the Mansion, gardens and grounds to the condition in which they were left by Washington himself. John Augustine Washington III, George Washington's great-grandnephew and the owner of Mount Vernon at the time, delayed several years in selling the home to the Ladies' Association. He preferred a sale to the State of Virginia or the federal government, both of which declined purchase. In 1858, he finally agreed to sell Mount Vernon to Ann Pamela Cunningham and the MVLA for $200,000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor the next few years, the women of the MVLA endeavored to make other Americans aware of their quest to save Mount Vernon, often via newspaper articles and pamphlets, in order to raise enough money to purchase the property. As Regent, Ann Pamela Cunningham spearheaded these efforts, while the Vice Regents oversaw fundraising in their individual states. Their cause was soon interrupted by the outbreak of the Civil War.  Mount Vernon's contentious location between Union and Confederate boundaries made it very difficult for potential visitors to travel there.  In spite of these unfavorable conditions, the Ladies of the MVLA continued to raise money for the care of Mount Vernon, and hosted hundreds of visitors including Union and Confederate troops. The post-war period brought other challenges, but the MVLA always maintained constant care and security of the historic areas at Mount Vernon. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToday the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association is remembered as the first organization in the United States dedicated solely to historic preservation. The Association remains loyal to its original goals, the restoration and care of George Washington's Mount Vernon, while also opening the estate to visitors 365 days a year. Members of the MVLA continue under the structure designed by the first women who joined, operating as the executive board of this historic home with one Regent and over twenty Vice Regents, each from a different state. The estate now consists of not only the Mansion, outbuildings, gardens, and tomb of Washington, but also a Pioneer Farm, Gristmill, Distillery, museum and education center, the National Library for the Study of George Washington, gift shops, a food pavilion, and a restaurant.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) was founded in 1853 by Ann Pamela Cunningham, the first Regent of the Association. The purpose of the MVLA was to purchase Mount Vernon, the home of George Washington, in order to restore the property and open the grounds to patriots and admirers who wanted to visit Washington's home and tomb. Ann Pamela Cunningham became interested in the preservation of Mount Vernon when her mother, traveling down the Potomac River in 1853, viewed the house in its neglected and dilapidated state and wrote to her daughter of its condition. Both women thought it shameful to allow the first President's home to fall into ruin. A determined Ann Pamela Cunningham assembled twenty-two likeminded women, each one from a different state, to be Vice Regents of the MVLA. Together they aimed to raise money to purchase the property, pay off all debt, and return the Mansion, gardens and grounds to the condition in which they were left by Washington himself. John Augustine Washington III, George Washington's great-grandnephew and the owner of Mount Vernon at the time, delayed several years in selling the home to the Ladies' Association. He preferred a sale to the State of Virginia or the federal government, both of which declined purchase. In 1858, he finally agreed to sell Mount Vernon to Ann Pamela Cunningham and the MVLA for $200,000.","For the next few years, the women of the MVLA endeavored to make other Americans aware of their quest to save Mount Vernon, often via newspaper articles and pamphlets, in order to raise enough money to purchase the property. As Regent, Ann Pamela Cunningham spearheaded these efforts, while the Vice Regents oversaw fundraising in their individual states. Their cause was soon interrupted by the outbreak of the Civil War.  Mount Vernon's contentious location between Union and Confederate boundaries made it very difficult for potential visitors to travel there.  In spite of these unfavorable conditions, the Ladies of the MVLA continued to raise money for the care of Mount Vernon, and hosted hundreds of visitors including Union and Confederate troops. The post-war period brought other challenges, but the MVLA always maintained constant care and security of the historic areas at Mount Vernon.","Today the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association is remembered as the first organization in the United States dedicated solely to historic preservation. The Association remains loyal to its original goals, the restoration and care of George Washington's Mount Vernon, while also opening the estate to visitors 365 days a year. Members of the MVLA continue under the structure designed by the first women who joined, operating as the executive board of this historic home with one Regent and over twenty Vice Regents, each from a different state. The estate now consists of not only the Mansion, outbuildings, gardens, and tomb of Washington, but also a Pioneer Farm, Gristmill, Distillery, museum and education center, the National Library for the Study of George Washington, gift shops, a food pavilion, and a restaurant."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Early Records of the MVLA, [Series name and number], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Early Records of the MVLA, [Series name and number], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe nucleus of this collection was created from papers given to the Association by Ann Pamela Cunningham around the time of her retirement as Regent. Several other Vice Regents followed her example and later donated their papers as well. These records were referred to as the \"Early Records\" since the time they were first established as an archival collection. A large portion of this collection is correspondence concerning the founding of the MVLA and the operation of Mount Vernon as a historic site. Other important resources are the appeals written by Ann Pamela Cunningham and the Vice Regents, governing documents, subscription or donation lists, printed material or publications, and bound volumes such as ledgers or scrapbooks. Individual items were added to the collection as they were acquired. The Early Records includes items dated 1852-1951, however the bulk of the material dates from 1858 to around 1880.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The nucleus of this collection was created from papers given to the Association by Ann Pamela Cunningham around the time of her retirement as Regent. Several other Vice Regents followed her example and later donated their papers as well. These records were referred to as the \"Early Records\" since the time they were first established as an archival collection. A large portion of this collection is correspondence concerning the founding of the MVLA and the operation of Mount Vernon as a historic site. Other important resources are the appeals written by Ann Pamela Cunningham and the Vice Regents, governing documents, subscription or donation lists, printed material or publications, and bound volumes such as ledgers or scrapbooks. Individual items were added to the collection as they were acquired. The Early Records includes items dated 1852-1951, however the bulk of the material dates from 1858 to around 1880."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterial can be reproduced for study or personal use upon written approval from library staff.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Material can be reproduced for study or personal use upon written approval from library staff."],"corpname_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Harper \u0026 Brothers"],"persname_ssim":["Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Jeffrey, Rosa Vertner, 1828-1894","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","McWillie, Catherine Anderson, 1812-1873","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Morse, Margaretta Wederstrandt, 1816-1893","Greenough, Louisa Ingersoll, 1813-1891","Brown, David Paul, 1795-1872","Cutts, Mary Pepperell Sparhawk Jarvis, 1809-1879","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Riggs, Janet Shedden, 1815-1871","Tiffey, S.W.","Craig, James Y., 1839-1926","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","McClellan, George B.  (George Brinton), 1826-1885","Slough, John Potts, -1867","Schuyler, Mary Morris Hamilton, 1818-1877","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Pellet, Susan L., 1808-1893","Riggs, George Washington, 1813-1881","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Hoyt, Elizabeth Orpha Sampson","Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Hill, Alice Hale, 1840-1908","Goodrich, Mary Boott, 1807-1868","Barry, Elizabeth Willard, 1814-1883","Van Antwerp, Jane Yates, 1815-1870","Little, Abba Isabella Chamberlain, 1816-1893","Goldsborough, Eleanor Rogers, 1822-1906","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Hale, Sarah King, 1798-1865","Conover, Helen Field, 1833-1914","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Pickens, Lucy Petaway Holcombe","Fogg, Francis B., Mrs., 1800-1872","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Dickinson, Alice London, 1814-1881","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Sibley, Sarah Steele, 1823-1869","Lambdin, James Reid, 1807-1889","Herbert, Upton","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Cunningham, Louisa Bird, 1794-1873","Gilmer, John H. (John Harmer), 1812-","Booth, Edwin, 1833-1893","Murat, Catherine Willis, 1803-1867","Sigourney, L.H. (Lydia Howard), 1791-1865","Johnson, Christie","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Macfarland, W.H. (William Hamilton), 1799-1872","Johnson, Joseph, 1785-1877","Johnson, Arete E., 1829-1904","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Walton, Elizabeth McKnight Tilden","Ruggles, Samuel B. (Samuel Bulkley), 1800-1881","Brooks, Mary Cunningham Randolph, 1816-1882","Ritchie, William F., 1813-1877","Hale, Sarah Josepha Buell, 1788-1879","Le Vert, Octavia Walton, 1810-1877","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1806-1876","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Rush, Richard, 1780-1859","Vaux, Richard, 1816-1895","Miles, William Porcher, 1822-1899","Petigru, James Louis, 1789-1863","Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863","Hodge, Hugh L. (Hugh Lenox), 1796-1873","Yulee, Nancy Wickliffe, 1822-1885","Ogden, Phebe Ann, 1790-1865","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Fillmore, Millard, 1800-1874","Long, Ellen Call, 1825-1905","Cooper, Susan Fenimore, 1813-1894","Eyster, Nellie Blessing, 1836-1922","Van Buren, Martin, 1782-1862","Godey, Louis Antoine, 1804-1878","Hamilton, James A. (James Alexander), 1788-1878","McMakin, Mary A.","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Otis, Harrison Gray, Mrs., 1796-1873","Crutchett, James, 1816-","Pendleton, Mary Alicia Key, 1824-1886","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903","Thane, Elswyth, 1900-1984","Macalester, Charles, 1798-1873","Jones, George, 1810-1875","Ingersoll, Joseph R. (Joseph Reed), 1786-1868","Chesnut, Mary, 1775-1864","Kip, William Ingraham, 1811-1893","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Schuyler, Philip John, 1733-1804","Fitch, Harriet Satterlee","Lincoln, Mary Todd, 1818-1882","Lamon, Ward Hill, 1828-1893","Phelps, Lincoln, Mrs., 1793-1884","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Townsend, E.D. (Edward Davis), 1817-1893","Van Rensselaer, Henry, 1811-1864","Homer, Winslow, 1836-1910","Stanton, Edwin M.  (Edwin McMasters), 1814-1869","Hunt, Anne Lucas, 1796-1879","Comegys, Joseph P. (Joseph Parsons), 1813-1893","Ridgely, Eliza Eichelberger, 1803-1867","Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882","Halsted, N. Norris (Nathaniel Norris), 1816-1884","Henry, Joseph, 1797-1878","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Mason, Betsey (Elizabeth Price), 1802-1873","Lee, Robert E.  (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Ball, Emma R., 1838-1918","Cunningham, Emma Floride, 1841-1919","Taylor, Benjamin Van Campen, 1846-1906","Barnum, P. T. (Phineas Taylor), 1810-1891","Lee, George Washington Custis, 1832-1913","Hardenbergh, Augustus Albert, 1830-1889","Thomas, Henry W.  (Henry Wirtz), 1812-1890","Blake, Levi Lowell, 1830-1904","Barnes, Mary Fauntleroy, 1824-1912","Lee, Fitzhugh, 1835-1905","Broadwell, Elizabeth Lytle","Ward, Jennie Meeker (Sarah Jane), 1833-1910","Holstein, Anna M. (Anna Morris)","Hollingsworth, Virginia Nicholls, 1825-1895","Leiter, Mary Theresa, 1844-1913","Longfellow, Alice M. (Alice Mary), 1850-1928","Brown, Cynthia Pillow Saunders, 1810-1892","Fleming, Robert Isaac, 1842-1907","Riggs, Elisha Francis, 1851-1910","Finch, Fannie Louisa Augusta Washington, 1828-1900","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Blanchard, Newton C. (Newton Crain), 1849-1922","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Adee, Alvey A. (Alvey Augustus), 1842-1924","Young , James","Rathbone, Elizabeth Adams, 1837-1923","Ames, Anne Carrington Dwight, 1849-1904","Graham, Christine Blair, 1852-1915","Herbert, Leila","Richardson, Ida Ann Slocomb, 1830-1910","Flandrau, Rebecca Blair, -1911","Washington, Lawrence, 1854-1920","Sargent, Charles Sprague, 1841-1927","Peale, Rembrandt, 1778-1860","Meikleham, Septimia Randolph, 1814-1887"],"names_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Harper \u0026 Brothers","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Jeffrey, Rosa Vertner, 1828-1894","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","McWillie, Catherine Anderson, 1812-1873","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Morse, Margaretta Wederstrandt, 1816-1893","Greenough, Louisa Ingersoll, 1813-1891","Brown, David Paul, 1795-1872","Cutts, Mary Pepperell Sparhawk Jarvis, 1809-1879","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Riggs, Janet Shedden, 1815-1871","Tiffey, S.W.","Craig, James Y., 1839-1926","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","McClellan, George B.  (George Brinton), 1826-1885","Slough, John Potts, -1867","Schuyler, Mary Morris Hamilton, 1818-1877","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Pellet, Susan L., 1808-1893","Riggs, George Washington, 1813-1881","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Hoyt, Elizabeth Orpha Sampson","Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Hill, Alice Hale, 1840-1908","Goodrich, Mary Boott, 1807-1868","Barry, Elizabeth Willard, 1814-1883","Van Antwerp, Jane Yates, 1815-1870","Little, Abba Isabella Chamberlain, 1816-1893","Goldsborough, Eleanor Rogers, 1822-1906","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Hale, Sarah King, 1798-1865","Conover, Helen Field, 1833-1914","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Pickens, Lucy Petaway Holcombe","Fogg, Francis B., Mrs., 1800-1872","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Dickinson, Alice London, 1814-1881","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Sibley, Sarah Steele, 1823-1869","Lambdin, James Reid, 1807-1889","Herbert, Upton","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Cunningham, Louisa Bird, 1794-1873","Gilmer, John H. (John Harmer), 1812-","Booth, Edwin, 1833-1893","Murat, Catherine Willis, 1803-1867","Sigourney, L.H. (Lydia Howard), 1791-1865","Johnson, Christie","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Macfarland, W.H. (William Hamilton), 1799-1872","Johnson, Joseph, 1785-1877","Johnson, Arete E., 1829-1904","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Walton, Elizabeth McKnight Tilden","Ruggles, Samuel B. (Samuel Bulkley), 1800-1881","Brooks, Mary Cunningham Randolph, 1816-1882","Ritchie, William F., 1813-1877","Hale, Sarah Josepha Buell, 1788-1879","Le Vert, Octavia Walton, 1810-1877","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1806-1876","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Rush, Richard, 1780-1859","Vaux, Richard, 1816-1895","Miles, William Porcher, 1822-1899","Petigru, James Louis, 1789-1863","Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863","Hodge, Hugh L. (Hugh Lenox), 1796-1873","Yulee, Nancy Wickliffe, 1822-1885","Ogden, Phebe Ann, 1790-1865","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Fillmore, Millard, 1800-1874","Long, Ellen Call, 1825-1905","Cooper, Susan Fenimore, 1813-1894","Eyster, Nellie Blessing, 1836-1922","Van Buren, Martin, 1782-1862","Godey, Louis Antoine, 1804-1878","Hamilton, James A. (James Alexander), 1788-1878","McMakin, Mary A.","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Otis, Harrison Gray, Mrs., 1796-1873","Crutchett, James, 1816-","Pendleton, Mary Alicia Key, 1824-1886","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903","Thane, Elswyth, 1900-1984","Macalester, Charles, 1798-1873","Jones, George, 1810-1875","Ingersoll, Joseph R. (Joseph Reed), 1786-1868","Chesnut, Mary, 1775-1864","Kip, William Ingraham, 1811-1893","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Schuyler, Philip John, 1733-1804","Fitch, Harriet Satterlee","Lincoln, Mary Todd, 1818-1882","Lamon, Ward Hill, 1828-1893","Phelps, Lincoln, Mrs., 1793-1884","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Townsend, E.D. (Edward Davis), 1817-1893","Van Rensselaer, Henry, 1811-1864","Homer, Winslow, 1836-1910","Stanton, Edwin M.  (Edwin McMasters), 1814-1869","Hunt, Anne Lucas, 1796-1879","Comegys, Joseph P. (Joseph Parsons), 1813-1893","Ridgely, Eliza Eichelberger, 1803-1867","Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882","Halsted, N. Norris (Nathaniel Norris), 1816-1884","Henry, Joseph, 1797-1878","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Mason, Betsey (Elizabeth Price), 1802-1873","Lee, Robert E.  (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Ball, Emma R., 1838-1918","Cunningham, Emma Floride, 1841-1919","Taylor, Benjamin Van Campen, 1846-1906","Barnum, P. T. (Phineas Taylor), 1810-1891","Lee, George Washington Custis, 1832-1913","Hardenbergh, Augustus Albert, 1830-1889","Thomas, Henry W.  (Henry Wirtz), 1812-1890","Blake, Levi Lowell, 1830-1904","Barnes, Mary Fauntleroy, 1824-1912","Lee, Fitzhugh, 1835-1905","Broadwell, Elizabeth Lytle","Ward, Jennie Meeker (Sarah Jane), 1833-1910","Holstein, Anna M. (Anna Morris)","Hollingsworth, Virginia Nicholls, 1825-1895","Leiter, Mary Theresa, 1844-1913","Longfellow, Alice M. (Alice Mary), 1850-1928","Brown, Cynthia Pillow Saunders, 1810-1892","Fleming, Robert Isaac, 1842-1907","Riggs, Elisha Francis, 1851-1910","Finch, Fannie Louisa Augusta Washington, 1828-1900","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Blanchard, Newton C. (Newton Crain), 1849-1922","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Adee, Alvey A. (Alvey Augustus), 1842-1924","Young , James","Rathbone, Elizabeth Adams, 1837-1923","Ames, Anne Carrington Dwight, 1849-1904","Graham, Christine Blair, 1852-1915","Herbert, Leila","Richardson, Ida Ann Slocomb, 1830-1910","Flandrau, Rebecca Blair, -1911","Washington, Lawrence, 1854-1920","Sargent, Charles Sprague, 1841-1927","Peale, Rembrandt, 1778-1860","Meikleham, Septimia Randolph, 1814-1887"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":5387,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:38:48.040Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_38_c06_c89_c10"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222_c03_c08","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"William W. Old to Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers, 1866/1888","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1222_c03_c08#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222_c03_c08","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1222_c03_c08"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222_c03_c08","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222_c03","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222_c03","parent_ssim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897","Series 3. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 1828/1891"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","viu_repositories_3_resources_1222_c03"],"title_filing_ssi":"William W. Old to Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers","title_ssm":["William W. Old to Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers"],"title_tesim":["William W. Old to Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William W. Old to Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers, 1866/1888"],"text":["William W. Old to Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers, 1866/1888","Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897","Series 3. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 1828/1891","box 2","folder 6","English"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897","Series 3. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 1828/1891"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897","Series 3. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 1828/1891"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1866/1888"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1866-1888"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":25,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897"],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 6"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#7","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:24.943Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1222.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/136685","title_filing_ssi":"Chalmers, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead papers","title_ssm":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"title_tesim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1821-1897"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1821-1897"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1821/1897"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897"],"text":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897","MSS 4966","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1222","United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History","Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence","Fair to good.","The collection is open for research use.","The collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026 writings","Under Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.","Othello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841.","Anna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the Boston Home Journal, the New York Tribune, and the Southern Literary Messenger","Her mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children.","Anna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.","Anna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the Southern Churchmen also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.","In 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.","Her grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.","Sources:","1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA33\u0026lpg=PA33\u0026dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026f=false","2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.","3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","Other articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","The papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.","In the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo.","Letters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men.","There is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions.","The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.","William Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.","Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the  The Richmond Times Dispatch dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\"","The collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.","Unrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.","Also of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.","From the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.","Sources:","1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard)","2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/","3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke","4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","Other articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897"],"collection_ssim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 4966","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival 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Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"places_ssim":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Part of this collection was a deposit from Ernest C. Mead on January 5, 1955 which became a gift in 1998, another gift from Ernest C. Mead on January 30, 2007, and in 2020. There was an additional gift from James Blizzard Mead on September 27, 2012 to the Small Special Collections library at the University of Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"physdesc_tesim":["Fair to good."],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Cubic Feet 9 document boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Cubic Feet 9 document boxes"],"physfacet_tesim":["9 legal size document boxes, 2 oversize documents and one oversize account book. (and 3 flat boxes in original collection)."],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026amp; writings\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnder Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026 writings","Under Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOthello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Churchmen\u003c/emph\u003e, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBoston Home Journal\u003c/emph\u003e, the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew York Tribune\u003c/emph\u003e, and the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Literary Messenger\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Churchmen\u003c/emph\u003e also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026amp;pg=PA33\u0026amp;lpg=PA33\u0026amp;dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026amp;source=bl\u0026amp;ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026amp;sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026amp;f=false\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Othello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841.","Anna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the Boston Home Journal, the New York Tribune, and the Southern Literary Messenger","Her mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children.","Anna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.","Anna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the Southern Churchmen also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.","In 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.","Her grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.","Sources:","1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA33\u0026lpg=PA33\u0026dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026f=false","2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.","3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","Other articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 4966, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 4966, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026amp; Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e The Richmond Times Dispatch\u003c/emph\u003e dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nAlso of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/ \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.","In the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo.","Letters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men.","There is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions.","The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.","William Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.","Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the  The Richmond Times Dispatch dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\"","The collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.","Unrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.","Also of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.","From the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.","Sources:","1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard)","2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/","3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke","4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","Other articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":140,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:24.943Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1222_c03_c08"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_16_c07","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Willie C. Fitzhugh to his sister, 1888","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_16_c07#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_16_c07","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_16_c07"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_16_c07","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_16","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_16","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_16","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_16","parent_ssim":["Fitzhugh family papers, 1861/1948"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_16"],"title_filing_ssi":"Willie C. Fitzhugh to his sister","title_ssm":["Willie C. Fitzhugh to his sister"],"title_tesim":["Willie C. Fitzhugh to his sister"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Willie C. Fitzhugh to his sister, 1888"],"text":["Willie C. 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Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged topically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged topically."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eTyler, Lyon Gardner. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMen of Mark in Virginia: Ideals of American Life; a Collection of Biographies of the Leading Men of the State\u003c/emph\u003e. Virginia, Men of Mark Publishing Company, 1906.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eWayland, John W. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA History of Shenandoah County, Virginia\u003c/emph\u003e. Baltimore, Regional Publishing Company, 1980.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eStirewalt, Jerome Paul. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Brief History of Rader's Lutheran Church Near Timberville, Virginia from May 20, 1765 to April 11, 1921\u003c/emph\u003e. Henkel's Lutheran Publication Establishment, 1922.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Tyler, Lyon Gardner. Men of Mark in Virginia: Ideals of American Life; a Collection of Biographies of the Leading Men of the State. Virginia, Men of Mark Publishing Company, 1906.","Wayland, John W. A History of Shenandoah County, Virginia. Baltimore, Regional Publishing Company, 1980.","Stirewalt, Jerome Paul. A Brief History of Rader's Lutheran Church Near Timberville, Virginia from May 20, 1765 to April 11, 1921. Henkel's Lutheran Publication Establishment, 1922."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Bowman Jr. was born on July 1, 1750 in Greenwich Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania. He married Mary Magdalene Surface most likely in 1777. They had six children: Elizabeth, George, John, Barbara, Catherine, and Mary. George and John Bowman were the eldest and only sons of John and Mary. John Bowman Jr. died on March 7th, 1816, three days after compiling his last will and testament. This particular Bowman family is a branch of the prominent pioneering and military family of Rockingham County of the same name (descended from George Bowman who settled in the area in 1731). There are financial records in the collection indicating the sale of a significant tract of land to David Bowman (son of Solon Bowman) from the heirs of the prominent Isaac Bowman (son of George Bowman mentioned above). One such heir from the deed, Mattie S. Bowman, also penned a letter to David Bowman, found in the second series of the collection, confirming that she was his niece and that the Bowman's of this collection were related to the prominent Bowman family of the area. Another such heir mentioned was Alpheus M. Bowman, a very prominent and successful statesman and businessman in Virginia. Solon Bowman, to which some of the wills relate to, was born July 11, 1844 and was said to have been an active and pleasant man in the Rader's Lutheran Church Community, and was also a soldier in the Civil War, said to be \"gallant and brave.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Bowman Jr. was born on July 1, 1750 in Greenwich Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania. He married Mary Magdalene Surface most likely in 1777. They had six children: Elizabeth, George, John, Barbara, Catherine, and Mary. George and John Bowman were the eldest and only sons of John and Mary. John Bowman Jr. died on March 7th, 1816, three days after compiling his last will and testament. This particular Bowman family is a branch of the prominent pioneering and military family of Rockingham County of the same name (descended from George Bowman who settled in the area in 1731). There are financial records in the collection indicating the sale of a significant tract of land to David Bowman (son of Solon Bowman) from the heirs of the prominent Isaac Bowman (son of George Bowman mentioned above). One such heir from the deed, Mattie S. Bowman, also penned a letter to David Bowman, found in the second series of the collection, confirming that she was his niece and that the Bowman's of this collection were related to the prominent Bowman family of the area. Another such heir mentioned was Alpheus M. Bowman, a very prominent and successful statesman and businessman in Virginia. Solon Bowman, to which some of the wills relate to, was born July 11, 1844 and was said to have been an active and pleasant man in the Rader's Lutheran Church Community, and was also a soldier in the Civil War, said to be \"gallant and brave.\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Bowman Family Papers, 1765-1998, SC 0159, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Bowman Family Papers, 1765-1998, SC 0159, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 4019\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. 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Most of the financial records correspond to sales of lands and deeds made to David and John Bowman, as well as records of money and notes given by various family members and acquaintances.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder 1, Deeds and Indentures, 1765-1893, undated, includes deeds and indentures relating to John and David Bowman, regarding mostly land sales throughout Rockingham County. Includes naturalization document for George Bauman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder 2, Financial Records, 1871-1926, undated, includes lists of household property, 1888-1900 as well as notes, letters, and records on money exchanges and sales. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder 3, Wills and Estate Records, contain wills and records pertaining to the settlement of Bowman and Long estates, 1816-1998, and undated.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of three folders of deeds, indentures, financial records, wills and a few other miscellaneous documents from 1765-1998, relevant to John Bowman and his descendants David, Joseph, Alpheus, Solon, and others. The wills contained in the collection belong to John Bowman Jr. and his son John Bowman, as well as several others. The land treaties and financial records belong mostly to David Bowman, grandson of John Bowman Jr. John Bowman was issued a Land Office Exchange Treasury Warrant for 374 acres in a section of Rockingham County, VA called \"the forest\" in 1811. Some documents indicate connections with George Keezel and Charles E. Long. Six rolls of names and amounts record subscriptions for erecting a new Rader's Church in 1878-79. Most of the financial records correspond to sales of lands and deeds made to David and John Bowman, as well as records of money and notes given by various family members and acquaintances.","Folder 1, Deeds and Indentures, 1765-1893, undated, includes deeds and indentures relating to John and David Bowman, regarding mostly land sales throughout Rockingham County. Includes naturalization document for George Bauman.","Folder 2, Financial Records, 1871-1926, undated, includes lists of household property, 1888-1900 as well as notes, letters, and records on money exchanges and sales.","Folder 3, Wills and Estate Records, contain wills and records pertaining to the settlement of Bowman and Long estates, 1816-1998, and undated."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5355757df061c0037e2ba6b6c6d6e734\"\u003eThe Bowman Family Papers, 1765-1998, consisting of one box and one flat folder, contain various documents related to John Bowman, and his descendants David, Joseph, Alpheus, Solon, and others. These documents include deeds and indentures pertaining to land granted to John Bowman, as well as wills and financial records, and records pertaining to the construction of a new Rader's Church, 1878-1879.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Bowman Family Papers, 1765-1998, consisting of one box and one flat folder, contain various documents related to John Bowman, and his descendants David, Joseph, Alpheus, Solon, and others. These documents include deeds and indentures pertaining to land granted to John Bowman, as well as wills and financial records, and records pertaining to the construction of a new Rader's Church, 1878-1879."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Rader's Lutheran Church (Timberville, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Rader's Lutheran Church (Timberville, Va.)","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"famname_ssim":["Bowman family"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Rader's Lutheran Church (Timberville, Va.)","Bowman family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:59.804Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_302_c04"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2241_c01_c06","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wills and Related Records, 1857/1938","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2241_c01_c06#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eContains several wills of family members Jacob Houstater, Chauncey Keep, Frances E. Lord and Genevieve Pike. Some are official legal documents and one is handwritten.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2241_c01_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2241_c01_c06","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_2241_c01_c06"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2241_c01_c06","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2241","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2241","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2241_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2241_c01","parent_ssim":["Houstater Family Papers, 1842/1941","Houstater Financial Documents, 1836/1944"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_2241","viw_repositories_2_resources_2241_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wills and Related Records","title_ssm":["Wills and Related Records"],"title_tesim":["Wills and Related Records"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wills and Related Records, 1857/1938"],"text":["Wills and Related Records, 1857/1938","Houstater Family Papers, 1842/1941","Houstater Financial Documents, 1836/1944","Box 1","folder 6","Contains several wills of family members Jacob Houstater, Chauncey Keep, Frances E. Lord and Genevieve Pike. Some are official legal documents and one is handwritten."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Houstater Family Papers, 1842/1941","Houstater Financial Documents, 1836/1944"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Houstater Family Papers, 1842/1941","Houstater Financial Documents, 1836/1944"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1857/1938"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1857-1938"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":7,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Houstater Family Papers, 1842/1941"],"containers_ssim":["Box 1","folder 6"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContains several wills of family members Jacob Houstater, Chauncey Keep, Frances E. Lord and Genevieve Pike. Some are official legal documents and one is handwritten.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Contains several wills of family members Jacob Houstater, Chauncey Keep, Frances E. Lord and Genevieve Pike. Some are official legal documents and one is handwritten."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#5","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:01:05.763Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2241","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2241","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2241","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2241","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_2241.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Houstater Family Papers","title_ssm":["Houstater Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Houstater Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1842-1941"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1842-1941"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1842/1941"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Houstater Family Papers, 1842/1941"],"text":["Houstater Family Papers, 1842/1941","MS 00246","/repositories/2/resources/2241","New York (State)--Social life and customs","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Niagara County, NY","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Personal narratives","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Sources","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Organized into two series: Series 1: Houstater Financial Documents and Series 2: Houstater Correspondence and Writings; Newspapers; Envelopes.","Henry F. Houstater was born on June 24, 1837 in Cambria TWP, Niagara, NY and died October 29, 1862 in Sandy Hook, Washington, MD. He was buried at Mount View Cemetery, Pekin, Niagara, NY. His father was Jacob \"Isiah\" Houstater, born August 4, 1802 and his mother Belinda Gould, born February 2, 1809 in NY.","On September 18, 1861, he enlisted, at Lockport; mustered in as private, Battery M, 1st Regiment, Light Artillery, October 14, 1861, to serve three years. He was appointed corporal, October 14, 1861; sergeant, February 6, 1862; and died, October 29, 1862, at Sandy Hook, Maryland. Politically, he affiliated with the Democratic party.","This collection was formerly identified as Mss. Acc. 2009.264.","Collection was held by Harriet Houstater. After her death, her sister Sarah Houstater owned it.","Accessioned and minimally described in June 2009 by Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist. Arranged and described by Michael Lusby, SCRC Staff, in September-October 2009.","Papers of the Houstater Family, primarily of Henry Houstater (1837-1862) and Harriet (Hattie) Houstater (1842-1931) of New York State. The collection was held by Harriet Houstater. After her death, her sister Sarah Houstater owned it.","The collection includes the papers of Henry F. Houstater, a Democrat who enlisted in the Union Army in 1861. It also contains the papers of several Houstater family members. Henry F. Houstater's papers (1840s-1862) include political speeches and literary manuscripts written before the Civil War. During the war, Henry wrote and received several letters and he also wrote several political essays and produced a handwritten newspaper, the Camp Barry Herald.","Other family members' papers consist of correspondence and financial documents.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Houstater Family Papers, 1842/1941"],"collection_ssim":["Houstater Family Papers, 1842/1941"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00246","/repositories/2/resources/2241"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00246","/repositories/2/resources/2241"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["New York (State)--Social life and customs","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Niagara County, NY","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Personal narratives"],"geogname_ssim":["New York (State)--Social life and customs","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Niagara County, NY","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Personal narratives"],"places_ssim":["New York (State)--Social life and customs","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Niagara County, NY","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Personal narratives"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Sources"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Sources"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.60 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.60 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized into two series: Series 1: Houstater Financial Documents and Series 2: Houstater Correspondence and Writings; Newspapers; Envelopes.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized into two series: Series 1: Houstater Financial Documents and Series 2: Houstater Correspondence and Writings; Newspapers; Envelopes."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenry F. Houstater was born on June 24, 1837 in Cambria TWP, Niagara, NY and died October 29, 1862 in Sandy Hook, Washington, MD. He was buried at Mount View Cemetery, Pekin, Niagara, NY. His father was Jacob \"Isiah\" Houstater, born August 4, 1802 and his mother Belinda Gould, born February 2, 1809 in NY.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn September 18, 1861, he enlisted, at Lockport; mustered in as private, Battery M, 1st Regiment, Light Artillery, October 14, 1861, to serve three years. He was appointed corporal, October 14, 1861; sergeant, February 6, 1862; and died, October 29, 1862, at Sandy Hook, Maryland. Politically, he affiliated with the Democratic party. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henry F. Houstater was born on June 24, 1837 in Cambria TWP, Niagara, NY and died October 29, 1862 in Sandy Hook, Washington, MD. He was buried at Mount View Cemetery, Pekin, Niagara, NY. His father was Jacob \"Isiah\" Houstater, born August 4, 1802 and his mother Belinda Gould, born February 2, 1809 in NY.","On September 18, 1861, he enlisted, at Lockport; mustered in as private, Battery M, 1st Regiment, Light Artillery, October 14, 1861, to serve three years. He was appointed corporal, October 14, 1861; sergeant, February 6, 1862; and died, October 29, 1862, at Sandy Hook, Maryland. Politically, he affiliated with the Democratic party."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was formerly identified as Mss. Acc. 2009.264. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCollection was held by Harriet Houstater. After her death, her sister Sarah Houstater owned it.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History:"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection was formerly identified as Mss. Acc. 2009.264.","Collection was held by Harriet Houstater. After her death, her sister Sarah Houstater owned it."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHoustater Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Houstater Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccessioned and minimally described in June 2009 by Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist. Arranged and described by Michael Lusby, SCRC Staff, in September-October 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accessioned and minimally described in June 2009 by Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist. Arranged and described by Michael Lusby, SCRC Staff, in September-October 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Houstater Family, primarily of Henry Houstater (1837-1862) and Harriet (Hattie) Houstater (1842-1931) of New York State. The collection was held by Harriet Houstater. After her death, her sister Sarah Houstater owned it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes the papers of Henry F. Houstater, a Democrat who enlisted in the Union Army in 1861. It also contains the papers of several Houstater family members. Henry F. Houstater's papers (1840s-1862) include political speeches and literary manuscripts written before the Civil War. During the war, Henry wrote and received several letters and he also wrote several political essays and produced a handwritten newspaper, the Camp Barry Herald.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther family members' papers consist of correspondence and financial documents.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of the Houstater Family, primarily of Henry Houstater (1837-1862) and Harriet (Hattie) Houstater (1842-1931) of New York State. The collection was held by Harriet Houstater. After her death, her sister Sarah Houstater owned it.","The collection includes the papers of Henry F. Houstater, a Democrat who enlisted in the Union Army in 1861. It also contains the papers of several Houstater family members. Henry F. Houstater's papers (1840s-1862) include political speeches and literary manuscripts written before the Civil War. During the war, Henry wrote and received several letters and he also wrote several political essays and produced a handwritten newspaper, the Camp Barry Herald.","Other family members' papers consist of correspondence and financial documents."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":14,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:01:05.763Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2241_c01_c06"}},{"id":"viw_viw00387_c01_c01_c06","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wills and Related Records, 1857/1938","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_viw00387_c01_c01_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_viw00387_c01_c01_c06","ref_ssm":["viw_viw00387_c01_c01_c06"],"id":"viw_viw00387_c01_c01_c06","ead_ssi":"viw_viw00387","_root_":"viw_viw00387","_nest_parent_":"viw_viw00387_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_viw00387_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["Title:: Houstater Family Papers\t1842-1941","Houstater Financial Documents, 1836/1944","box 1, [title not supplied]"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_viw00387","viw_viw00387_c01","viw_viw00387_c01_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wills and Related Records","title_ssm":["Wills and Related Records"],"title_tesim":["Wills and Related Records"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wills and Related Records, 1857/1938"],"text":["Wills and Related Records, 1857/1938","Title:: Houstater Family Papers\t1842-1941","Houstater Financial Documents, 1836/1944","box 1, [title not supplied]","box 1","Folder 6"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Title:: Houstater Family Papers\t1842-1941","Houstater Financial Documents, 1836/1944","box 1, [title not supplied]"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Title:: Houstater Family Papers\t1842-1941","Houstater Financial Documents, 1836/1944","box 1, [title not supplied]"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1857/1938"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1857-1938"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":8,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Title:: Houstater Family Papers\t1842-1941"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","Folder 6"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#5","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:07:11.343Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_viw00387","ead_ssi":"viw_viw00387","_root_":"viw_viw00387","_nest_parent_":"viw_viw00387","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/wm/viw00387.xml","title_ssm":["Title:: Houstater Family Papers\t1842-1941"],"title_tesim":["Title:: Houstater Family Papers\t1842-1941"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Title:: Houstater Family Papers\t1842-1941"],"text":["Title:: Houstater Family Papers\t1842-1941","01/Mss. Acc. 2009.264","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Sources","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865.","Correspondence","Newspapers","Collection is open to all researchers.","Organized into two series: Series 1: Houstater Financial Documents and Series 2: Houstater Correspondence and Writings; Newspapers; Envelopes.","Henry F. Houstater was born on 24 June, 1837 in Cambria TWP, Niagara, NY and died 29 October, 1862 in Sandy Hook, Washington, MD. He was buried at Mount View Cemetery, Pekin, Niagara, NY. His father was  Jacob \"Isiah\" Houstater, born 4 August, 1802 and his mother Belinda Gould, born 2 February, 1809 in NY.On September 18, 1861, he enlisted, at Lockport; mustered in as private, Battery M, 1st Regiment, Light Artillery, October 14, 1861, to serve three years. He was appointed corporal, October 14, 1861; sergeant, February 6, 1862; and died, October 29, 1862, at Sandy Hook, Maryland. Politically, he affiliated with the Democratic party. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003ca href=\"http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Henry F. Houstater\"\u003ehttp://scrc.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Henry F. Houstater\u003c/a\u003e.","Collection was held by Harriet Houstater. After her death, her sister Sarah Houstater owned it.","Accessioned and minimally described in June 2009 by Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist. Arranged and described by Michael Lusby, SCRC Staff, in September-October 2009.","Papers of the Houstater Family, primarily of Henry Houstater (1837-1862) and Harriet (Hattie) Houstater (1842-1931) of New York State. Collection was held by Harriet Houstater. After her death, her sister Sarah Houstater owned it.Collection includes the papers of Henry F. Houstater, a Democrat who enlisted in the Union Army in 1861. Also contains the papers of several Houstater family members. Henry F. Houstater's papers (1840s-1862) include political speeches and literary manuscripts written before the Civil War. During the war, Henry wrote and received several letters and he also wrote several political essays and produced a handwritten newspaper, the Camp Barry Herald.Other family members' papers consist of correspondence and financial documents.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Houstater, Henry F., 1837-1862","Houstater, Harriet, 1842-1931","The papers are in:\nEnglish"],"collection_title_tesim":["Title:: Houstater Family Papers\t1842-1941"],"collection_ssim":["Title:: Houstater Family Papers\t1842-1941"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01/Mss. Acc. 2009.264"],"unitid_tesim":["01/Mss. Acc. 2009.264"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Houstater, Henry F., 1837-1862Houstater, Harriet, 1842-1931\narrangement"],"creator_ssim":["Houstater, Henry F., 1837-1862Houstater, Harriet, 1842-1931\narrangement"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Houstater, Henry F., 1837-1862","Houstater, Harriet, 1842-1931"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Houstater, Henry F., 1837-1862","Houstater, Harriet, 1842-1931","Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The materials were acquired by Special Collections Research Center on 06/08/2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Sources","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865.","Correspondence","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Sources","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865.","Correspondence","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.60"],"extent_tesim":["0.60"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized into two series: Series 1: Houstater Financial Documents and Series 2: Houstater Correspondence and Writings; Newspapers; Envelopes.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized into two series: Series 1: Houstater Financial Documents and Series 2: Houstater Correspondence and Writings; Newspapers; Envelopes."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenry F. Houstater was born on 24 June, 1837 in Cambria TWP, Niagara, NY and died 29 October, 1862 in Sandy Hook, Washington, MD. He was buried at Mount View Cemetery, Pekin, Niagara, NY. His father was  Jacob \"Isiah\" Houstater, born 4 August, 1802 and his mother Belinda Gould, born 2 February, 1809 in NY.On September 18, 1861, he enlisted, at Lockport; mustered in as private, Battery M, 1st Regiment, Light Artillery, October 14, 1861, to serve three years. He was appointed corporal, October 14, 1861; sergeant, February 6, 1862; and died, October 29, 1862, at Sandy Hook, Maryland. Politically, he affiliated with the Democratic party. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u0026lt;a href=\"http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Henry F. Houstater\"\u0026gt;http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Henry F. Houstater\u0026lt;/a\u0026gt;.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henry F. Houstater was born on 24 June, 1837 in Cambria TWP, Niagara, NY and died 29 October, 1862 in Sandy Hook, Washington, MD. He was buried at Mount View Cemetery, Pekin, Niagara, NY. His father was  Jacob \"Isiah\" Houstater, born 4 August, 1802 and his mother Belinda Gould, born 2 February, 1809 in NY.On September 18, 1861, he enlisted, at Lockport; mustered in as private, Battery M, 1st Regiment, Light Artillery, October 14, 1861, to serve three years. He was appointed corporal, October 14, 1861; sergeant, February 6, 1862; and died, October 29, 1862, at Sandy Hook, Maryland. Politically, he affiliated with the Democratic party. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003ca href=\"http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Henry F. Houstater\"\u003ehttp://scrc.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Henry F. Houstater\u003c/a\u003e."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection was held by Harriet Houstater. After her death, her sister Sarah Houstater owned it.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Collection was held by Harriet Houstater. After her death, her sister Sarah Houstater owned it."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHoustater Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Houstater Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccessioned and minimally described in June 2009 by Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist. Arranged and described by Michael Lusby, SCRC Staff, in September-October 2009.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accessioned and minimally described in June 2009 by Ute Schechter, Warren E. Burger Archivist. Arranged and described by Michael Lusby, SCRC Staff, in September-October 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Houstater Family, primarily of Henry Houstater (1837-1862) and Harriet (Hattie) Houstater (1842-1931) of New York State. Collection was held by Harriet Houstater. After her death, her sister Sarah Houstater owned it.Collection includes the papers of Henry F. Houstater, a Democrat who enlisted in the Union Army in 1861. Also contains the papers of several Houstater family members. Henry F. Houstater's papers (1840s-1862) include political speeches and literary manuscripts written before the Civil War. During the war, Henry wrote and received several letters and he also wrote several political essays and produced a handwritten newspaper, the Camp Barry Herald.Other family members' papers consist of correspondence and financial documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of the Houstater Family, primarily of Henry Houstater (1837-1862) and Harriet (Hattie) Houstater (1842-1931) of New York State. Collection was held by Harriet Houstater. After her death, her sister Sarah Houstater owned it.Collection includes the papers of Henry F. Houstater, a Democrat who enlisted in the Union Army in 1861. Also contains the papers of several Houstater family members. Henry F. Houstater's papers (1840s-1862) include political speeches and literary manuscripts written before the Civil War. During the war, Henry wrote and received several letters and he also wrote several political essays and produced a handwritten newspaper, the Camp Barry Herald.Other family members' papers consist of correspondence and financial documents."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Houstater, Henry F., 1837-1862","Houstater, Harriet, 1842-1931"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Houstater, Henry F., 1837-1862","Houstater, Harriet, 1842-1931"],"language_ssim":["The papers are in:\nEnglish"],"total_component_count_is":17,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:07:11.343Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_viw00387_c01_c01_c06"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c823","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wills (list on file), 1848/1968","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c823#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c823","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c823"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c823","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02","parent_ssim":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968","Series 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89), 1848/1968"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wills (list on file)","title_ssm":["Wills (list on file)"],"title_tesim":["Wills (list on file)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wills (list on file), 1848/1968"],"text":["Wills (list on file), 1848/1968","Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968","Series 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89), 1848/1968","Box S2/Box 48","Folder 6"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968","Series 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89), 1848/1968"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968","Series 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89), 1848/1968"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1848/1968"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1848-1968"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":1003,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968"],"containers_ssim":["Box S2/Box 48","Folder 6"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#822","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:10:52.729Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5880.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198957","title_ssm":["Siler Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Siler Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1848-1968"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1848-1968"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1848/1968"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968"],"text":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968","A\u0026M 2200","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5880","Berkeley Springs (W. Va.)","Town of Bath, West Virginia - Berkeley Springs.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Bank of Berkeley Springs - Banks and Banking.","Banks and Banking - American Institute of Banking.","Banks and Banking - Bank of Berkeley Springs.","Banks and Banking - Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.","Banks and Banking - Financial Public Relations Association.","Banks and Banking - First Virginia Corporation.","Banks and banking","Berkeley Glass Sand Company -- Glass Sand Industry","Berkeley Springs Water Works and Improvement Co. -- Power Industry","Bibles","Blueprints","Bonds -- Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia","Bowling","Poetry --  Nannie S. Castleman","Church schools -- Episcopal High School (Alexandria, Va.)","Churches  -- Episcopal","Civil War -- Confederate newspapers","Civil War -- Description","Civil War - political factions.","Civil War -- Confederate letters","Confederate States of America - secession crisis.","Diaries and journals.","Episcopal Church - Churches.","Estates and estate settlements.","Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond - Banks and Banking.","Financial Public Relations Association - Banks and Banking.","First Virginia Corporation - Banks and Banking.","General stores - Hammond and Siler.","Glass Sand Industry - Berkeley Glass Sand Company.","Glass Sand Industry - Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation.","Hancock Steel Company - Steel.","Insurance - V. E. Johnson Insurance Agency.","Land - deeds and grants.","Land Plat.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Ledgers.","Libraries - Morgan County Library.","Magazines.","Freemasons","Morgan County - Circuit Court.","Morgan County Library - Libraries.","Music - Sheet music.","Northern Virginia Power Company - Power Industry.","Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation - Glass Sand Industry.","Political factions - Civil War.","Politics - Secession of Virginia.","Politics and government.","Railroads - Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.","Railroads - Western Maryland Railroad Company.","Rhodes scholarships","Rock Gap Coal and Mining Company - Stocks.","Scrapbooks","Secession of Virginia - Politics.","Business correspondence","No special access restriction applies.","missing; 2011/04/15; mrr","series 2, box 47, folder 13","--","archives and manuscripts; photographs / postcards / prints / etc.","This is a collection of letters and documents tracing the personal and business life of an eastern panhandle West Virginia family. The papers concern a broad range of political, social, financial, and legal topics, particularly focusing on J. Hammond Siler, Jr., his parents, J. Hammond Siler, Sr. and Jessie Castleman Siler (residents of the Town of Bath better known as Berkeley Springs). Also includes correspondence and other papers from related families. Subjects include banking, the Civil War, the Episcopal church, secession of Virginia, Virginia Loyalty Oath, women's diaries, and women's letters and papers. A notable item in the collection is the diary of Anne Doyne Wolff Strother, wife of artist and writer David Hunter Strother, documenting a trip with husband and daughter Emily to New Orleans in 1857 (S2/Box 67, folder 1a).","Series include:","Series 1. J. Hammond Siler, Jr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S1/Box 1-S1/Box 50\nSeries 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89\nSeries 3. Jessie Castleman Siler (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S3/Box 1-S3/Box 2\nSeries 4. A.C. Hammond (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S4/Box 1-S4/Box 4\nSeries 5. Ann R. Castleman (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S5/Box 1-S5/Box 2\nSeries 6. Photographs (ca. 1848-1968), box S6/Box 1\nSeries 7. Wrapped Packages (ca. 1848-1968), Wrapped Packages 1-26\nSeries 8. Oversize Material (ca. 1848-1968), box S8/Box 1","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Montgomery Ward","American Red Cross","Sears, Roebuck and Company","Steel - Hancock Steel Company.","Great Cacapon Silica Sand Company","Seiler family","Campbell family","Castleman family - Genealogy","Hammond family - Genealogy","Humphries family - Genealogy","Isler family - Genealogy","Shepard family - Genealogy","Seller family - Genealogy","Armstrong, James D.","Castleman, Ann Rebecca Isler.","Castleman, Estelle.","Castleman, Frank A.","Castleman, Sarah Jane.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Hammond, Allen C.","Hammond, Cadet N.","Hotee, John.","Randolph, Emily Strother.","Rinehart, E. A.","Siler, J. Hammond Jr.","Siler, J. Hammond Sr.","Siler, Jessie Castleman.","Siler, John T.","Strother, Anne Doyne.","Van Gosen, James D.","Whisner, Samuel.","Widmyer, P. S.","Hardin, Moses","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968"],"collection_ssim":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2200","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5880"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2200","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5880"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Berkeley Springs (W. Va.)","Town of Bath, West Virginia - Berkeley Springs.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["Berkeley Springs (W. Va.)","Town of Bath, West Virginia - Berkeley Springs.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["Berkeley Springs (W. Va.)","Town of Bath, West Virginia - Berkeley Springs.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Seiler family"],"creator_ssim":["Seiler family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Armstrong, James D.","Castleman, Ann Rebecca Isler.","Castleman, Estelle.","Castleman, Frank A.","Castleman, Sarah Jane.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Hammond, Allen C.","Hammond, Cadet N.","Hotee, John.","Randolph, Emily Strother.","Rinehart, E. A.","Siler, J. Hammond Jr.","Siler, J. Hammond Sr.","Siler, Jessie Castleman.","Siler, John T.","Strother, Anne Doyne.","Van Gosen, James D.","Whisner, Samuel.","Widmyer, P. S.","Hardin, Moses"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Montgomery Ward","American Red Cross","Sears, Roebuck and Company","Steel - Hancock Steel Company.","Great Cacapon Silica Sand Company"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Seiler family","Campbell family","Castleman family - Genealogy","Hammond family - Genealogy","Humphries family - Genealogy","Isler family - Genealogy","Shepard family - Genealogy","Seller family - Genealogy"],"creators_ssim":["Armstrong, James D.","Castleman, Ann Rebecca Isler.","Castleman, Estelle.","Castleman, Frank A.","Castleman, Sarah Jane.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Hammond, Allen C.","Hammond, Cadet N.","Hotee, John.","Randolph, Emily Strother.","Rinehart, E. A.","Siler, J. Hammond Jr.","Siler, J. Hammond Sr.","Siler, Jessie Castleman.","Siler, John T.","Strother, Anne Doyne.","Van Gosen, James D.","Whisner, Samuel.","Widmyer, P. S.","Hardin, Moses","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Montgomery Ward","American Red Cross","Sears, Roebuck and Company","Steel - Hancock Steel Company.","Great Cacapon Silica Sand Company","Seiler family","Campbell family","Castleman family - Genealogy","Hammond family - Genealogy","Humphries family - Genealogy","Isler family - Genealogy","Shepard family - Genealogy","Seller family - Genealogy"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase from (in process), (in process)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bank of Berkeley Springs - Banks and Banking.","Banks and Banking - American Institute of Banking.","Banks and Banking - Bank of Berkeley Springs.","Banks and Banking - Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.","Banks and Banking - Financial Public Relations Association.","Banks and Banking - First Virginia Corporation.","Banks and banking","Berkeley Glass Sand Company -- Glass Sand Industry","Berkeley Springs Water Works and Improvement Co. -- Power Industry","Bibles","Blueprints","Bonds -- Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia","Bowling","Poetry --  Nannie S. Castleman","Church schools -- Episcopal High School (Alexandria, Va.)","Churches  -- Episcopal","Civil War -- Confederate newspapers","Civil War -- Description","Civil War - political factions.","Civil War -- Confederate letters","Confederate States of America - secession crisis.","Diaries and journals.","Episcopal Church - Churches.","Estates and estate settlements.","Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond - Banks and Banking.","Financial Public Relations Association - Banks and Banking.","First Virginia Corporation - Banks and Banking.","General stores - Hammond and Siler.","Glass Sand Industry - Berkeley Glass Sand Company.","Glass Sand Industry - Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation.","Hancock Steel Company - Steel.","Insurance - V. E. Johnson Insurance Agency.","Land - deeds and grants.","Land Plat.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Ledgers.","Libraries - Morgan County Library.","Magazines.","Freemasons","Morgan County - Circuit Court.","Morgan County Library - Libraries.","Music - Sheet music.","Northern Virginia Power Company - Power Industry.","Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation - Glass Sand Industry.","Political factions - Civil War.","Politics - Secession of Virginia.","Politics and government.","Railroads - Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.","Railroads - Western Maryland Railroad Company.","Rhodes scholarships","Rock Gap Coal and Mining Company - Stocks.","Scrapbooks","Secession of Virginia - Politics.","Business correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bank of Berkeley Springs - Banks and Banking.","Banks and Banking - American Institute of Banking.","Banks and Banking - Bank of Berkeley Springs.","Banks and Banking - Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.","Banks and Banking - Financial Public Relations Association.","Banks and Banking - First Virginia Corporation.","Banks and banking","Berkeley Glass Sand Company -- Glass Sand Industry","Berkeley Springs Water Works and Improvement Co. -- Power Industry","Bibles","Blueprints","Bonds -- Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia","Bowling","Poetry --  Nannie S. Castleman","Church schools -- Episcopal High School (Alexandria, Va.)","Churches  -- Episcopal","Civil War -- Confederate newspapers","Civil War -- Description","Civil War - political factions.","Civil War -- Confederate letters","Confederate States of America - secession crisis.","Diaries and journals.","Episcopal Church - Churches.","Estates and estate settlements.","Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond - Banks and Banking.","Financial Public Relations Association - Banks and Banking.","First Virginia Corporation - Banks and Banking.","General stores - Hammond and Siler.","Glass Sand Industry - Berkeley Glass Sand Company.","Glass Sand Industry - Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation.","Hancock Steel Company - Steel.","Insurance - V. E. 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(149 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (1 small flat storage box, 3 1/2 in.); (2 oversize folders, 2 in.); (25 wrapped packages, 3 ft. 8 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["66.6 Linear Feet Summary: 66 ft. 7 in. 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