{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1882\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=39","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1882\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=38","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1882\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=40","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1882\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=40"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":39,"next_page":40,"prev_page":38,"total_pages":40,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":380,"total_count":393,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Teaching","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes assorted teaching materials from classes Dr. Lewis taught at WVU on United States, West Virginian, and Appalachian cultural and industrial history, with topics including mining accidents, such as the Monongah mine disaster. These teaching materials are comprised of lecture notes, syllabi, and assigned articles/texts. The dates for this subseries reflect the content – not material creation. Please be aware that the dates may not be accurate for every item within a folder/box but rather reflect the general timeframe of the subject matter. The classes included in this addendum were largely taught in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Digital materials from this subseries consist of lecture notes, exams, and syllabi. Additional teaching records are located in Series 1 of this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04_c01","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04_c01"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04_c01","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers","Series 4. Addendum of 2024 May 29"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers","Series 4. Addendum of 2024 May 29"],"text":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers","Series 4. Addendum of 2024 May 29","Teaching","Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. Additionally, the reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers, so please request access in advance. Box 23 contains student records. Content with student grades must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing restricted student records, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers.","Includes assorted teaching materials from classes Dr. Lewis taught at WVU on United States, West Virginian, and Appalachian cultural and industrial history, with topics including mining accidents, such as the Monongah mine disaster. These teaching materials are comprised of lecture notes, syllabi, and assigned articles/texts. The dates for this subseries reflect the content – not material creation. Please be aware that the dates may not be accurate for every item within a folder/box but rather reflect the general timeframe of the subject matter. The classes included in this addendum were largely taught in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Digital materials from this subseries consist of lecture notes, exams, and syllabi. Additional teaching records are located in Series 1 of this collection."],"title_filing_ssi":"Teaching","title_ssm":["Teaching"],"title_tesim":["Teaching"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1857-2018"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1857/2018"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Teaching"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":450,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Researchers may access digital materials in box 26 by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers, so please request access in advance.Box 23 contains student records. Content with student grades must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing restricted student records, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. Additionally, the reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers, so please request access in advance.\u003clb/\u003e\u003clb/\u003eBox 23 contains student records. Content with student grades must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing restricted student records, please contact the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. Additionally, the reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers, so please request access in advance. Box 23 contains student records. Content with student grades must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing restricted student records, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes assorted teaching materials from classes Dr. Lewis taught at WVU on United States, West Virginian, and Appalachian cultural and industrial history, with topics including mining accidents, such as the Monongah mine disaster. These teaching materials are comprised of lecture notes, syllabi, and assigned articles/texts. The dates for this subseries reflect the content – not material creation. Please be aware that the dates may not be accurate for every item within a folder/box but rather reflect the general timeframe of the subject matter. The classes included in this addendum were largely taught in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Digital materials from this subseries consist of lecture notes, exams, and syllabi. Additional teaching records are located in Series 1 of this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes assorted teaching materials from classes Dr. Lewis taught at WVU on United States, West Virginian, and Appalachian cultural and industrial history, with topics including mining accidents, such as the Monongah mine disaster. These teaching materials are comprised of lecture notes, syllabi, and assigned articles/texts. The dates for this subseries reflect the content – not material creation. Please be aware that the dates may not be accurate for every item within a folder/box but rather reflect the general timeframe of the subject matter. The classes included in this addendum were largely taught in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Digital materials from this subseries consist of lecture notes, exams, and syllabi. Additional teaching records are located in Series 1 of this collection."],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:05:55.068Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2333.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/205406","title_ssm":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers"],"title_tesim":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1850-2021","circa 1970-2021"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["circa 1970-2021"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1850-2021"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3882","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2333"],"text":["A\u0026M 3882","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2333","Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers","Appalachian Region -- History","History -- Study and teaching ","West Virginia University  -- History","Coal mines and mining","Lumber industry and timber.","Immigrants -- Miners","Content with student grades located in boxes 1 (folders 1-2, 10, 12, 15-24), 7, 21 (folders 1-2), and 23 must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing restricted student records, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers.\n \nContent including social security numbers located in boxes 1 (folders 1-6, 9) and 21 (career materials subseries) will be restricted for 75 years after the date of record creation, but researchers may complete the Agreement for the Use of Sensitive Materials to request access to these materials prior to the expiration of the restriction. Please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department in advance to request access.\n \nContent including personnel files, like faculty evaluations and position appointments, located in box 21 (career materials subseries and folders 1-2) and box 26 (folder 4) must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing personnel files, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers.\n \nResearchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. Some of these materials are not yet reformatted and must be requested in advance.\n \nAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers must contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department in advance.\n \nAll or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.","The original order established by Dr. Lewis has been retained in much of the collection. Series and subseries have only been imposed where they accurately categorize the initial physical arrangement, allowing for the majority of Lewis's organization to remain intact. The imposed series — 1. Teaching, 2. Research and Scholarly Activity, and 3. Professional Service and Additional Career Materials — were chosen to represent the three main facets of university faculty work. Series 4 is comprised of an addendum received in 2024, and subseries have been imposed based on the existing series structure.","Many of the folder titles within this collection, including in the addendum, were created by Dr. Lewis and incorporated as-is during archival arrangement. He frequently utilized abbreviations and acronyms, especially in reference to academic institutions and professional organizations. ","This collection includes a formerly separate WVRHC collection (A\u0026M 3634, Ronald Lewis, Historian, Research Notes Regarding Timber Industry in West Virginia). It has been added to this collection in its entirety at the donor's request, so that his body of work can be represented together.","A professor emeritus of history at West Virginia University, Lewis received his PhD in American History from the University of Akron in 1974.  He focused on regional studies, especially Appalachian history.  His first teaching opportunity was at the University of Delaware as an assistant professor from 1974 to 1985, where he focused primarily on the intersection of race and labor in the United States.  He was then hired in 1985 to teach West Virginian and Appalachian History at West Virginia University.  He earned emeritus status in 2008.  He has authored many books, earned several awards, and was a Fulbright-Hayes Commission Award Recipient.","This collection contains materials of various formats used and created by historian Dr. Ronald Lewis throughout his career. There are records and course materials from classes taught by Dr. Lewis at the University of Delaware and, primarily, at West Virginia University (WVU). It includes other documents relating to his work as a faculty advisor to graduate students in WVU's history department. There is extensive documentation of his research, most of which was done on Appalachian history and West Virginia coal mining, including articles he has written, facsimiles of primary and secondary sources used in his research, and A/V materials like oral histories. Records generated from Dr. Lewis's scholarly activities are included, such as book and article reviews and conference presentations. There are also materials relating to his other professional pursuits, such as his membership in historical organizations and correspondence with other professionals in the field. This collection provides a broad overview of the work of an historian in an academic institution. The dates provided are reflective of material creation, except within the Welsh Miners and Scott's Run subseries. These dates, listed in folder titles, reflect the content and were determined by the donor when he created and titled these files. Please be aware that the dates may not be accurate for every item within the folder/box but rather reflect the general timeframe of the subject matter. Born digital and audiovisual materials exist within the collection as floppy disks, CDs, DVDs, VHS tapes, and cassettes. Addendum of 2024 May 29 includes similar materials but reflects Dr. Lewis's more recent work. There are materials relating to his work as a professor and faculty member, the development of two books and other publications, and documentation of his career. Common formats include lecture notes, facsimiles of research sources, and correspondence; digital materials exist within the addendum as floppy disks, zip disks, and CDs.","A group of bound dissertations has been separated at the donor's request. They were written from 1990-2009 and focus on West Virginia-related historical subjects. Dr. Lewis served on the dissertaion committee for each. These items were passed on, to be made available in the WVRHC main stacks.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Lewis, Ronald L., 1940-","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3882","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2333"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Appalachian Region -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Appalachian Region -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Lewis, Ronald L., 1940-"],"creator_ssim":["Lewis, Ronald L., 1940-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lewis, Ronald L., 1940-"],"creators_ssim":["Lewis, Ronald L., 1940-"],"places_ssim":["Appalachian Region -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Multiple gifts from Lewis, Ronald: 2008/07/25, 2012/12/20, and 2024/05/29"],"access_subjects_ssim":["History -- Study and teaching ","West Virginia University  -- History","Coal mines and mining","Lumber industry and timber.","Immigrants -- Miners"],"access_subjects_ssm":["History -- Study and teaching ","West Virginia University  -- History","Coal mines and mining","Lumber industry and timber.","Immigrants -- Miners"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["33.46 Linear Feet 33 ft. 5.5 in. (1 document case, 5 in.; 1 document case, 4 in.; 1 document case, 2.5 in.; 26 record cartons, 15 in. each.)","4.46 Gigabytes 745 files, formats include .pdf, .wpd, .doc, .jpg, .tif, .xls, .ppt, etc."],"extent_tesim":["33.46 Linear Feet 33 ft. 5.5 in. (1 document case, 5 in.; 1 document case, 4 in.; 1 document case, 2.5 in.; 26 record cartons, 15 in. each.)","4.46 Gigabytes 745 files, formats include .pdf, .wpd, .doc, .jpg, .tif, .xls, .ppt, etc."],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent with student grades located in boxes 1 (folders 1-2, 10, 12, 15-24), 7, 21 (folders 1-2), and 23 must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing restricted student records, please contact the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers.\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nContent including social security numbers located in boxes 1 (folders 1-6, 9) and 21 (career materials subseries) will be restricted for 75 years after the date of record creation, but researchers may complete the Agreement for the Use of Sensitive Materials to request access to these materials prior to the expiration of the restriction. Please contact the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department in advance to request access.\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nContent including personnel files, like faculty evaluations and position appointments, located in box 21 (career materials subseries and folders 1-2) and box 26 (folder 4) must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing personnel files, please contact the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers.\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nResearchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department. Some of these materials are not yet reformatted and must be requested in advance.\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers must contact the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department in advance.\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAll or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Content with student grades located in boxes 1 (folders 1-2, 10, 12, 15-24), 7, 21 (folders 1-2), and 23 must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing restricted student records, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers.\n \nContent including social security numbers located in boxes 1 (folders 1-6, 9) and 21 (career materials subseries) will be restricted for 75 years after the date of record creation, but researchers may complete the Agreement for the Use of Sensitive Materials to request access to these materials prior to the expiration of the restriction. Please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department in advance to request access.\n \nContent including personnel files, like faculty evaluations and position appointments, located in box 21 (career materials subseries and folders 1-2) and box 26 (folder 4) must be closed for 75 years after the date of record creation. If interested in viewing personnel files, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center in advance. The reference department will need to assess these materials and protect sensitive content prior to granting access to researchers.\n \nResearchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. Some of these materials are not yet reformatted and must be requested in advance.\n \nAudiovisual materials must be digitized for research access. Researchers must contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department in advance.\n \nAll or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe original order established by Dr. Lewis has been retained in much of the collection. Series and subseries have only been imposed where they accurately categorize the initial physical arrangement, allowing for the majority of Lewis's organization to remain intact. The imposed series — 1. Teaching, 2. Research and Scholarly Activity, and 3. Professional Service and Additional Career Materials — were chosen to represent the three main facets of university faculty work. Series 4 is comprised of an addendum received in 2024, and subseries have been imposed based on the existing series structure.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany of the folder titles within this collection, including in the addendum, were created by Dr. Lewis and incorporated as-is during archival arrangement. He frequently utilized abbreviations and acronyms, especially in reference to academic institutions and professional organizations. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes a formerly separate WVRHC collection (A\u0026amp;M 3634, Ronald Lewis, Historian, Research Notes Regarding Timber Industry in West Virginia). It has been added to this collection in its entirety at the donor's request, so that his body of work can be represented together.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The original order established by Dr. Lewis has been retained in much of the collection. Series and subseries have only been imposed where they accurately categorize the initial physical arrangement, allowing for the majority of Lewis's organization to remain intact. The imposed series — 1. Teaching, 2. Research and Scholarly Activity, and 3. Professional Service and Additional Career Materials — were chosen to represent the three main facets of university faculty work. Series 4 is comprised of an addendum received in 2024, and subseries have been imposed based on the existing series structure.","Many of the folder titles within this collection, including in the addendum, were created by Dr. Lewis and incorporated as-is during archival arrangement. He frequently utilized abbreviations and acronyms, especially in reference to academic institutions and professional organizations. ","This collection includes a formerly separate WVRHC collection (A\u0026M 3634, Ronald Lewis, Historian, Research Notes Regarding Timber Industry in West Virginia). It has been added to this collection in its entirety at the donor's request, so that his body of work can be represented together."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA professor emeritus of history at West Virginia University, Lewis received his PhD in American History from the University of Akron in 1974.  He focused on regional studies, especially Appalachian history.  His first teaching opportunity was at the University of Delaware as an assistant professor from 1974 to 1985, where he focused primarily on the intersection of race and labor in the United States.  He was then hired in 1985 to teach West Virginian and Appalachian History at West Virginia University.  He earned emeritus status in 2008.  He has authored many books, earned several awards, and was a Fulbright-Hayes Commission Award Recipient.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["A professor emeritus of history at West Virginia University, Lewis received his PhD in American History from the University of Akron in 1974.  He focused on regional studies, especially Appalachian history.  His first teaching opportunity was at the University of Delaware as an assistant professor from 1974 to 1985, where he focused primarily on the intersection of race and labor in the United States.  He was then hired in 1985 to teach West Virginian and Appalachian History at West Virginia University.  He earned emeritus status in 2008.  He has authored many books, earned several awards, and was a Fulbright-Hayes Commission Award Recipient."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers, A\u0026amp;M 3882, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ronald Lewis, Historian, Papers, A\u0026M 3882, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials of various formats used and created by historian Dr. Ronald Lewis throughout his career. There are records and course materials from classes taught by Dr. Lewis at the University of Delaware and, primarily, at West Virginia University (WVU). It includes other documents relating to his work as a faculty advisor to graduate students in WVU's history department. There is extensive documentation of his research, most of which was done on Appalachian history and West Virginia coal mining, including articles he has written, facsimiles of primary and secondary sources used in his research, and A/V materials like oral histories. Records generated from Dr. Lewis's scholarly activities are included, such as book and article reviews and conference presentations. There are also materials relating to his other professional pursuits, such as his membership in historical organizations and correspondence with other professionals in the field. This collection provides a broad overview of the work of an historian in an academic institution.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe dates provided are reflective of material creation, except within the Welsh Miners and Scott's Run subseries. These dates, listed in folder titles, reflect the content and were determined by the donor when he created and titled these files. Please be aware that the dates may not be accurate for every item within the folder/box but rather reflect the general timeframe of the subject matter.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eBorn digital and audiovisual materials exist within the collection as floppy disks, CDs, DVDs, VHS tapes, and cassettes.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eAddendum of 2024 May 29 includes similar materials but reflects Dr. Lewis's more recent work. There are materials relating to his work as a professor and faculty member, the development of two books and other publications, and documentation of his career. Common formats include lecture notes, facsimiles of research sources, and correspondence; digital materials exist within the addendum as floppy disks, zip disks, and CDs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains materials of various formats used and created by historian Dr. Ronald Lewis throughout his career. There are records and course materials from classes taught by Dr. Lewis at the University of Delaware and, primarily, at West Virginia University (WVU). It includes other documents relating to his work as a faculty advisor to graduate students in WVU's history department. There is extensive documentation of his research, most of which was done on Appalachian history and West Virginia coal mining, including articles he has written, facsimiles of primary and secondary sources used in his research, and A/V materials like oral histories. Records generated from Dr. Lewis's scholarly activities are included, such as book and article reviews and conference presentations. There are also materials relating to his other professional pursuits, such as his membership in historical organizations and correspondence with other professionals in the field. This collection provides a broad overview of the work of an historian in an academic institution. The dates provided are reflective of material creation, except within the Welsh Miners and Scott's Run subseries. These dates, listed in folder titles, reflect the content and were determined by the donor when he created and titled these files. Please be aware that the dates may not be accurate for every item within the folder/box but rather reflect the general timeframe of the subject matter. Born digital and audiovisual materials exist within the collection as floppy disks, CDs, DVDs, VHS tapes, and cassettes. Addendum of 2024 May 29 includes similar materials but reflects Dr. Lewis's more recent work. There are materials relating to his work as a professor and faculty member, the development of two books and other publications, and documentation of his career. Common formats include lecture notes, facsimiles of research sources, and correspondence; digital materials exist within the addendum as floppy disks, zip disks, and CDs."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA group of bound dissertations has been separated at the donor's request. They were written from 1990-2009 and focus on West Virginia-related historical subjects. Dr. Lewis served on the dissertaion committee for each. These items were passed on, to be made available in the WVRHC main stacks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A group of bound dissertations has been separated at the donor's request. They were written from 1990-2009 and focus on West Virginia-related historical subjects. Dr. Lewis served on the dissertaion committee for each. These items were passed on, to be made available in the WVRHC main stacks."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f553a08ee4582b45b1194697df7d1763\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Lewis, Ronald L., 1940-"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Lewis, Ronald L., 1940-"],"persname_ssim":["Lewis, Ronald L., 1940-"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":463,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:05:55.068Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2333_c04_c01"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107_c27","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Three scrapbooks containing various clippings and notes on West Virginia History with particular attention on Morgantown","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107_c27#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107_c27","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107_c27"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107_c27","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Moreland Family Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Moreland Family Papers"],"text":["Moreland Family Papers","Three scrapbooks containing various clippings and notes on West Virginia History with particular attention on Morgantown","Box 3"],"title_filing_ssi":"Three scrapbooks containing various clippings and notes on West Virginia History with particular attention on Morgantown","title_ssm":["Three scrapbooks containing various clippings and notes on West Virginia History with particular attention on Morgantown"],"title_tesim":["Three scrapbooks containing various clippings and notes on West Virginia History with particular attention on Morgantown"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1795–1953"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1795/1953"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Three scrapbooks containing various clippings and notes on West Virginia History with particular attention on Morgantown"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Moreland Family Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":27,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953],"containers_ssim":["Box 3"],"_nest_path_":"/components#26","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:09:10.925Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1107","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1107.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195526","title_ssm":["Moreland Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Moreland Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1788-1944"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1788-1944"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2983","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1107"],"text":["A\u0026M 2983","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1107","Moreland Family Papers","Fayette County (Pa.) -- History","Monongalia County (W. 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Also includes correspondence and other material regarding the opening of Richwood Avenue in Morgantown, which was constructed by the Works Progress Administration.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Heiskell Memorial Hospital","Monongalia County Hospital.","Morgantown Bridge Company","Morgantown Hospital Association","Morgantown Militia Reserve.","Mt. Harmony M. P. Church (Marion County).","Moreland family","Brown, John, Jr.","Chadwick, French Ensor, 1844-1919","Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961","Meredith, Edward E.","Moreland, James R., 1879-1955","Moreland, John.","Moreland, Joseph.","Moreland, Ethel B. 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Restrictions apply to veterans claims."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims."],"date_range_isim":[1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"language_ssim":["English"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#3","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:44:46.997Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_206","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_206.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/146110","title_filing_ssi":"Glass, Carter, papers","title_ssm":["Carter Glass Papers"],"title_tesim":["Carter Glass Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1820-1946"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1820-1946"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 2913","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/206"],"text":["MSS 2913","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/206","Carter Glass Papers","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Banks and banking -- United States","Judges -- Selection and appointment","Depressions -- 1929 -- United States","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","This collection is open for research. Restrictions apply to veterans claims.","The collection is arranged into four series: Series 1. Banking: Subseries banking correspondence,  banking printed, Series 2. Correspondence: Subseries legislative, military, political, topical, greeting cards, business and related cards, honors, constituent (patronage, praise),veterans claim (restricted), and veterinary (farming), Series 3. Manuscripts and miscellaneous, Series 4. Printed and miscellaneous: Subseries newspaper clippings, articles, bills, reports and photographs, speeches, and election tickets. ","Due to the large size of this collection these categories are meant as general guidelines and some cross over of subjects can be expected throughout the series. Similarly,further searching may be necessary if an area of research is not found in the identified series of the guide, for example military correspondence is located chronologically throughout the collection and as a subseries.","Series 1 Banking Correspondence is in boxes 1-43, 171-177; Banking Printed is in boxes 44-47; Series 2 Correspondence: Legislative Correspondence is in boxes 47-105, 178-180; Military Correspondence is in boxes 105-109; Political Correspondence is in boxes 109-143, 180-183; Topical Correspondence is in boxes 143-169; 183-193; Greeting Cards are in boxes 169-170; Honors are in box 170; Constituent Correspondence is in boxes 194-220; Patronage Correspondence is in boxes 220-249; Praise for Carter Glass is in boxes 250-258; Invitations are in boxes 259-264; Veteran's Claims (restricted) are in boxes 265-268; Veterinarian and farming (cows) are in box 269; Series 3 Manuscripts and Miscellaneous are in box 270; Series 4 Printed(including newspaper articles, photographs, and speeches) are in boxes 271-279; Letterbooks for 1918-1919 are in boxes 281-282."," Carter Glass (January 4, 1858 – May 28, 1946) was born on January 4, 1858, in Lynchburg, Virginia, to Robert Henry Glass and Augusta Elizabeth Christian. He became a newspaper publisher (like his father)and after hearing a speech by William Jenning Bryan in 1896, entered politics in 1902 as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives and was re-elected to eight terms. He was a United States Senator from Lynchburg, Virginia from 1920 until his death in 1946.  In 1913, he became Chairman of the House Committee on Banking and Currency, where he worked with President Woodrow Wilson to pass the Glass-Owen Federal Reserve Act and he went on to pass the Glass-Steagall Act in 1932 and the Banking Act in 1933 that made banking more stable in the United States. In 1918, President Wilson appointed him Secretary of the Treasury, where he marketed Victory Liberty Loans for World War I debts.  At the 1920 Democratic National Convention Glass was nominated for President of the United States. Many of his supporters have said that at 5'4 inches tall, his speeches and political prowess made him seem larger than life.","Carter Glass became an apprentice printer to his father when he was 13 years old, and continued his education through reading literature in his father's library. At the age of 22, Glass became a reporter, a job he had long sought, for the \"Lynchburg News\". He rose to become the morning newspaper's editor by 1887. After acquiring the afternoon \"Daily Advance\", the competing \"Daily Republican\",  he became Lynchburg's sole newspaper publisher. The \"Lynchburg News and Advance\" is the successor publication to his newspapers. ","  Carter Glass played a major role in the establishment of the U.S. financial regulatory system, helping to establish the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. He co-sponsored the 1933 Banking Act, also known as the Glass–Steagall Act, which created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and enforced the separation of investment banking firms and commercial banks. His banking reforms (Banking Act of 1913, Glass Steagall Act 1932, Banking Act of 1933) earned him gratitude across the country, landing him on the cover of Time Magazine twice, and honoring him with many degrees from universities.  Prior to Glass's reforms, the country's banking system was chaotic and regulated by bankers. The Glass-Steagall bill restricted banks from engaging in invesment banking. The country had suffered eight recessions between 1890 and 1914. Portions of the Glass-Steagall bill were repealed in 1999, allowing banks to combine their own investment activity with commercial banking and possibly contributing to the recession in 2008.\n ","Not as well-publicized was Carter Glass's lifelong opposition to voting rights for African Americans. One of Glass's first political exploits was helping craft the revised 1902 Virginia Constitution to bar [African American] citizens from voting. The 1902 Constitution instituted a poll tax and required bulk payment after a voter missed elections, making voting a luxury. The Constitution also required that voters pass a literacy test with their performance graded by the registrar. When questioned as to whether these measures were potentially discriminatory, Glass exclaimed, \"Discrimination! Why that is exactly what we propose. To remove every [African American] voter who can be gotten rid of, legally, without materially impairing the numerical strength of the white electorate.\" Indeed, the number of African Americans qualified to vote dropped from 147,000 to 21,000 immediately. More than 50 years after it was ratified, the Lynchburg senator remained opposed to the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which granted African Americans the right to vote. He said in the 1920's it \"constituted an attempt to destroy white civilization in nearly one-third of the nation and to erect on its ruins an Ethiopian state ignorant, profligate, corrupt, controlled by manumitted slaves.\" Glass was in step with his white constituents in Virginia, where African Americans did not receive equal voting rights until the 1960s. In 1928, during a debate involving prohibition, Glass said, \"people of the original thirteen Southern States curse and deride and spit upon the Fifteenth Amendment — and have no intention of letting the [African American] vote\" all the while maintaining Virginia was complying with the law.","\nCarter Glass remained one of the strongest advocates of segregation and continued to dedicate much of his political career to the perpetuation of Jim Crow laws in the South. He sponsored massive resistance legislation along with Virginia Senator Harry F. Byrd of Winchester, another Virginia newspaperman who shared many of Glass's political views. Both Glass and Byrd were opposed to Roosevelt's New Deal policies. Each was a strong supporter of fiscal conservatism and states' rights. Carter Glass supported President Roosevelt but later criticized his policies, including the New Deal, attempts to pack the Supreme Court, third term presidency, and nominations for Federal Judgeships.","Glass had suffered from ill health throughout his life, and usually walked on tip toes because he believed that would help with his indigestion. He kept his seat in his final term in the Senate even though he was not able to be in attendance. He died in his hotel apartment in Washington, D.C., on May 28, 1946. His funeral in Lynchburg was attended by the Chief Justice, the Secretary of State, 11 Senators, 11 House members, and other notables. History remembers Carter Glass as the Father of the Federal Reserve Act but today history also considers his role in the 1902 Constitution that disenfranchised virtually every black voter in the state. The reduction in African American votes helped him politically and put him in a postion to create the banking reform legislation. Nationally, Glass might have been the architect of financial reform that stabilized the nation's banking system, but at home, historian J. Douglas Smith calls him, \"the architect of disenfranchisement in the Old Dominion.\" Harvard University named their business school, Glass House, after Carter Glass achievements in banking, but they have now changed the name to Cash House, for James Cash, the first African American tenured professor at Harvard.","Sources: \nWikipedia\nJoe Stinnett, retired editor of The News \u0026 Advance and The Roanoke Times.\nThe Roanoke Times","The Carter Glass papers, 1820-1946, 141 cubic feet, consist of correspondence, manuscripts, newspaper articles, photographs, speeches, and printed materials from his work in the Banking and Currency Committee, the Secretary of the Treasury (1918-1920), and the United States Senate (1920-1946). Subjects include: The Federal Reserve Banking Act of 1913, the Federal Reserve system, and the Banking Act of 1933 (1932 Glass-Steagall Act).  ","Other topics include international, national and state issues reflected in the politics of this time period including opposition to the National Industrial Recovery Act; National Labor Relations Act; Bank Holding Company Bill; Office of Price Administration; World Wars I and II; League of Nations; World Court; Democratic Party platforms and policies; presidential elections of 1912, 1920, 1924, 1928, and 1940; Senator Huey P. Long; Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal; attempted packing of the Supreme Court; neutrality legislation; disarmament; regulation of the coal industry; (business) products and services; child labor; anti-lynching law; immigration restriction (especially Chinese in Hawaii); Muscle Shoals; trade with Russia; diplomatic relations with the Vatican; Four-Power Treaty; soldiers' bonus bill; tariffs and protectionism; and national defense.","Virginia topics of concern to Glass or his constituents include poll tax elimination; African American suffrage; women's suffrage; highways; intrastate commerce; University of Virginia Board of Visitors;  Woodrow Wilson Foundation; national Patrick Henry shrine at \"Red Hill\"; gubernatorial election of 1924; Bishop James Cannon, Jr., prohibition and the Anti-saloon League; Skyline Drive; Spotsylvania Battlefield Park; Virginia Fight For Freedom Committee; operation of the Lynchburg News and Advance; and patronage requests from Lynchburg, Roanoke, and Bedford, Campbell, Floyd, Montgomery, and Roanoke Counties, Va.","Miscellaneous items of interest include a letter describing the early life of Booker T. Washington, election tickets for 1848, a 1906 recipe book, and letters concerning Glass' belief in the Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship.","Among the many correspondents are Edwin A. Alderman, Newton Baker, Ray Stannard Baker, Alben Barkley, Bernard Baruch, William E. Borah, Chester Bowles, John Stewart Bryan, William Jennings Bryan, Harry F. Byrd, Richard E. Byrd, Calvin Coolidge, John W. Daniel, Josephus Daniels, Colgate W. Darden, Westmoreland Davis, Frederic A. Delano, the Democratic National Committee, Marriner S. Eccles, James A. Farley, Henry Ford, Douglas Southall Freeman, James A. Garfield, Samuel Gompers, Cary T. Grayson, Charles S. Hamlin, William P.G. Harding, Warren G. Harding, George L. Harrison, J. Edgar Hoover,Herbert Hoover, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, Harold Ickes, Hugh S. Johnson, Jesse Jones, Joseph P. Kennedy, Russell C. Leffingwell, Walter Lippmann, Huey Long, William Gibbs McAdoo, George Walter Mapp, Andrew Mellon, Eugene and Agnes Meyer, Andrew J. Montague, R. Walton Moore, Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Robert L. Owen, George C. Peery, Edmund Platt, John Garland Pollard, A. Willis Robertson, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Dave E. Satterfield, C. Bascom Slemp, Rixey Smith, Billy Sunday, Claude A. Swanson, Harry S. Truman, Joseph P. Tumulty, Oscar W. Underwood, Samuel Untermeyer, Arthur H. Vandenberg, Robert F. Wagner, Henry A. Wallace, Paul Moritz Warburg, Richard S. Whaley, William Allen White, John Skelton Williams, Henry Parker Willis, , Edith Bolling Wilson, Woodrow Wilson, Clifton A. Woodrum, and Walter Wyatt.","There are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 2913","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/206"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carter Glass Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carter Glass Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Carter Glass Papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from the Glass family to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia in 1948."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Banks and banking -- United States","Judges -- Selection and appointment","Depressions -- 1929 -- United States","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Banks and banking -- United States","Judges -- Selection and appointment","Depressions -- 1929 -- United States","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["141 Cubic Feet 285 document boxes, 3 oversize flat boxes"],"extent_tesim":["141 Cubic Feet 285 document boxes, 3 oversize flat boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Restrictions apply to veterans claims.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Restrictions apply to veterans claims."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four series: Series 1. Banking: Subseries banking correspondence,  banking printed, Series 2. Correspondence: Subseries legislative, military, political, topical, greeting cards, business and related cards, honors, constituent (patronage, praise),veterans claim (restricted), and veterinary (farming), Series 3. Manuscripts and miscellaneous, Series 4. Printed and miscellaneous: Subseries newspaper clippings, articles, bills, reports and photographs, speeches, and election tickets. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDue to the large size of this collection these categories are meant as general guidelines and some cross over of subjects can be expected throughout the series. Similarly,further searching may be necessary if an area of research is not found in the identified series of the guide, for example military correspondence is located chronologically throughout the collection and as a subseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 Banking Correspondence is in boxes 1-43, 171-177; Banking Printed is in boxes 44-47; Series 2 Correspondence: Legislative Correspondence is in boxes 47-105, 178-180; Military Correspondence is in boxes 105-109; Political Correspondence is in boxes 109-143, 180-183; Topical Correspondence is in boxes 143-169; 183-193; Greeting Cards are in boxes 169-170; Honors are in box 170; Constituent Correspondence is in boxes 194-220; Patronage Correspondence is in boxes 220-249; Praise for Carter Glass is in boxes 250-258; Invitations are in boxes 259-264; Veteran's Claims (restricted) are in boxes 265-268; Veterinarian and farming (cows) are in box 269; Series 3 Manuscripts and Miscellaneous are in box 270; Series 4 Printed(including newspaper articles, photographs, and speeches) are in boxes 271-279; Letterbooks for 1918-1919 are in boxes 281-282.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four series: Series 1. Banking: Subseries banking correspondence,  banking printed, Series 2. Correspondence: Subseries legislative, military, political, topical, greeting cards, business and related cards, honors, constituent (patronage, praise),veterans claim (restricted), and veterinary (farming), Series 3. Manuscripts and miscellaneous, Series 4. Printed and miscellaneous: Subseries newspaper clippings, articles, bills, reports and photographs, speeches, and election tickets. ","Due to the large size of this collection these categories are meant as general guidelines and some cross over of subjects can be expected throughout the series. Similarly,further searching may be necessary if an area of research is not found in the identified series of the guide, for example military correspondence is located chronologically throughout the collection and as a subseries.","Series 1 Banking Correspondence is in boxes 1-43, 171-177; Banking Printed is in boxes 44-47; Series 2 Correspondence: Legislative Correspondence is in boxes 47-105, 178-180; Military Correspondence is in boxes 105-109; Political Correspondence is in boxes 109-143, 180-183; Topical Correspondence is in boxes 143-169; 183-193; Greeting Cards are in boxes 169-170; Honors are in box 170; Constituent Correspondence is in boxes 194-220; Patronage Correspondence is in boxes 220-249; Praise for Carter Glass is in boxes 250-258; Invitations are in boxes 259-264; Veteran's Claims (restricted) are in boxes 265-268; Veterinarian and farming (cows) are in box 269; Series 3 Manuscripts and Miscellaneous are in box 270; Series 4 Printed(including newspaper articles, photographs, and speeches) are in boxes 271-279; Letterbooks for 1918-1919 are in boxes 281-282."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e Carter Glass (January 4, 1858 – May 28, 1946) was born on January 4, 1858, in Lynchburg, Virginia, to Robert Henry Glass and Augusta Elizabeth Christian. He became a newspaper publisher (like his father)and after hearing a speech by William Jenning Bryan in 1896, entered politics in 1902 as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives and was re-elected to eight terms. He was a United States Senator from Lynchburg, Virginia from 1920 until his death in 1946.  In 1913, he became Chairman of the House Committee on Banking and Currency, where he worked with President Woodrow Wilson to pass the Glass-Owen Federal Reserve Act and he went on to pass the Glass-Steagall Act in 1932 and the Banking Act in 1933 that made banking more stable in the United States. In 1918, President Wilson appointed him Secretary of the Treasury, where he marketed Victory Liberty Loans for World War I debts.  At the 1920 Democratic National Convention Glass was nominated for President of the United States. Many of his supporters have said that at 5'4 inches tall, his speeches and political prowess made him seem larger than life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCarter Glass became an apprentice printer to his father when he was 13 years old, and continued his education through reading literature in his father's library. At the age of 22, Glass became a reporter, a job he had long sought, for the \"Lynchburg News\". He rose to become the morning newspaper's editor by 1887. After acquiring the afternoon \"Daily Advance\", the competing \"Daily Republican\",  he became Lynchburg's sole newspaper publisher. The \"Lynchburg News and Advance\" is the successor publication to his newspapers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Carter Glass played a major role in the establishment of the U.S. financial regulatory system, helping to establish the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. He co-sponsored the 1933 Banking Act, also known as the Glass–Steagall Act, which created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and enforced the separation of investment banking firms and commercial banks. His banking reforms (Banking Act of 1913, Glass Steagall Act 1932, Banking Act of 1933) earned him gratitude across the country, landing him on the cover of Time Magazine twice, and honoring him with many degrees from universities.  Prior to Glass's reforms, the country's banking system was chaotic and regulated by bankers. The Glass-Steagall bill restricted banks from engaging in invesment banking. The country had suffered eight recessions between 1890 and 1914. Portions of the Glass-Steagall bill were repealed in 1999, allowing banks to combine their own investment activity with commercial banking and possibly contributing to the recession in 2008.\n \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNot as well-publicized was Carter Glass's lifelong opposition to voting rights for African Americans. One of Glass's first political exploits was helping craft the revised 1902 Virginia Constitution to bar [African American] citizens from voting. The 1902 Constitution instituted a poll tax and required bulk payment after a voter missed elections, making voting a luxury. The Constitution also required that voters pass a literacy test with their performance graded by the registrar. When questioned as to whether these measures were potentially discriminatory, Glass exclaimed, \"Discrimination! Why that is exactly what we propose. To remove every [African American] voter who can be gotten rid of, legally, without materially impairing the numerical strength of the white electorate.\" Indeed, the number of African Americans qualified to vote dropped from 147,000 to 21,000 immediately. More than 50 years after it was ratified, the Lynchburg senator remained opposed to the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which granted African Americans the right to vote. He said in the 1920's it \"constituted an attempt to destroy white civilization in nearly one-third of the nation and to erect on its ruins an Ethiopian state ignorant, profligate, corrupt, controlled by manumitted slaves.\" Glass was in step with his white constituents in Virginia, where African Americans did not receive equal voting rights until the 1960s. In 1928, during a debate involving prohibition, Glass said, \"people of the original thirteen Southern States curse and deride and spit upon the Fifteenth Amendment — and have no intention of letting the [African American] vote\" all the while maintaining Virginia was complying with the law.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCarter Glass remained one of the strongest advocates of segregation and continued to dedicate much of his political career to the perpetuation of Jim Crow laws in the South. He sponsored massive resistance legislation along with Virginia Senator Harry F. Byrd of Winchester, another Virginia newspaperman who shared many of Glass's political views. Both Glass and Byrd were opposed to Roosevelt's New Deal policies. Each was a strong supporter of fiscal conservatism and states' rights. Carter Glass supported President Roosevelt but later criticized his policies, including the New Deal, attempts to pack the Supreme Court, third term presidency, and nominations for Federal Judgeships.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGlass had suffered from ill health throughout his life, and usually walked on tip toes because he believed that would help with his indigestion. He kept his seat in his final term in the Senate even though he was not able to be in attendance. He died in his hotel apartment in Washington, D.C., on May 28, 1946. His funeral in Lynchburg was attended by the Chief Justice, the Secretary of State, 11 Senators, 11 House members, and other notables. History remembers Carter Glass as the Father of the Federal Reserve Act but today history also considers his role in the 1902 Constitution that disenfranchised virtually every black voter in the state. The reduction in African American votes helped him politically and put him in a postion to create the banking reform legislation. Nationally, Glass might have been the architect of financial reform that stabilized the nation's banking system, but at home, historian J. Douglas Smith calls him, \"the architect of disenfranchisement in the Old Dominion.\" Harvard University named their business school, Glass House, after Carter Glass achievements in banking, but they have now changed the name to Cash House, for James Cash, the first African American tenured professor at Harvard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources: \nWikipedia\nJoe Stinnett, retired editor of The News \u0026amp; Advance and The Roanoke Times.\nThe Roanoke Times\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":[" Carter Glass (January 4, 1858 – May 28, 1946) was born on January 4, 1858, in Lynchburg, Virginia, to Robert Henry Glass and Augusta Elizabeth Christian. He became a newspaper publisher (like his father)and after hearing a speech by William Jenning Bryan in 1896, entered politics in 1902 as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives and was re-elected to eight terms. He was a United States Senator from Lynchburg, Virginia from 1920 until his death in 1946.  In 1913, he became Chairman of the House Committee on Banking and Currency, where he worked with President Woodrow Wilson to pass the Glass-Owen Federal Reserve Act and he went on to pass the Glass-Steagall Act in 1932 and the Banking Act in 1933 that made banking more stable in the United States. In 1918, President Wilson appointed him Secretary of the Treasury, where he marketed Victory Liberty Loans for World War I debts.  At the 1920 Democratic National Convention Glass was nominated for President of the United States. Many of his supporters have said that at 5'4 inches tall, his speeches and political prowess made him seem larger than life.","Carter Glass became an apprentice printer to his father when he was 13 years old, and continued his education through reading literature in his father's library. At the age of 22, Glass became a reporter, a job he had long sought, for the \"Lynchburg News\". He rose to become the morning newspaper's editor by 1887. After acquiring the afternoon \"Daily Advance\", the competing \"Daily Republican\",  he became Lynchburg's sole newspaper publisher. The \"Lynchburg News and Advance\" is the successor publication to his newspapers. ","  Carter Glass played a major role in the establishment of the U.S. financial regulatory system, helping to establish the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. He co-sponsored the 1933 Banking Act, also known as the Glass–Steagall Act, which created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and enforced the separation of investment banking firms and commercial banks. His banking reforms (Banking Act of 1913, Glass Steagall Act 1932, Banking Act of 1933) earned him gratitude across the country, landing him on the cover of Time Magazine twice, and honoring him with many degrees from universities.  Prior to Glass's reforms, the country's banking system was chaotic and regulated by bankers. The Glass-Steagall bill restricted banks from engaging in invesment banking. The country had suffered eight recessions between 1890 and 1914. Portions of the Glass-Steagall bill were repealed in 1999, allowing banks to combine their own investment activity with commercial banking and possibly contributing to the recession in 2008.\n ","Not as well-publicized was Carter Glass's lifelong opposition to voting rights for African Americans. One of Glass's first political exploits was helping craft the revised 1902 Virginia Constitution to bar [African American] citizens from voting. The 1902 Constitution instituted a poll tax and required bulk payment after a voter missed elections, making voting a luxury. The Constitution also required that voters pass a literacy test with their performance graded by the registrar. When questioned as to whether these measures were potentially discriminatory, Glass exclaimed, \"Discrimination! Why that is exactly what we propose. To remove every [African American] voter who can be gotten rid of, legally, without materially impairing the numerical strength of the white electorate.\" Indeed, the number of African Americans qualified to vote dropped from 147,000 to 21,000 immediately. More than 50 years after it was ratified, the Lynchburg senator remained opposed to the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which granted African Americans the right to vote. He said in the 1920's it \"constituted an attempt to destroy white civilization in nearly one-third of the nation and to erect on its ruins an Ethiopian state ignorant, profligate, corrupt, controlled by manumitted slaves.\" Glass was in step with his white constituents in Virginia, where African Americans did not receive equal voting rights until the 1960s. In 1928, during a debate involving prohibition, Glass said, \"people of the original thirteen Southern States curse and deride and spit upon the Fifteenth Amendment — and have no intention of letting the [African American] vote\" all the while maintaining Virginia was complying with the law.","\nCarter Glass remained one of the strongest advocates of segregation and continued to dedicate much of his political career to the perpetuation of Jim Crow laws in the South. He sponsored massive resistance legislation along with Virginia Senator Harry F. Byrd of Winchester, another Virginia newspaperman who shared many of Glass's political views. Both Glass and Byrd were opposed to Roosevelt's New Deal policies. Each was a strong supporter of fiscal conservatism and states' rights. Carter Glass supported President Roosevelt but later criticized his policies, including the New Deal, attempts to pack the Supreme Court, third term presidency, and nominations for Federal Judgeships.","Glass had suffered from ill health throughout his life, and usually walked on tip toes because he believed that would help with his indigestion. He kept his seat in his final term in the Senate even though he was not able to be in attendance. He died in his hotel apartment in Washington, D.C., on May 28, 1946. His funeral in Lynchburg was attended by the Chief Justice, the Secretary of State, 11 Senators, 11 House members, and other notables. History remembers Carter Glass as the Father of the Federal Reserve Act but today history also considers his role in the 1902 Constitution that disenfranchised virtually every black voter in the state. The reduction in African American votes helped him politically and put him in a postion to create the banking reform legislation. Nationally, Glass might have been the architect of financial reform that stabilized the nation's banking system, but at home, historian J. Douglas Smith calls him, \"the architect of disenfranchisement in the Old Dominion.\" Harvard University named their business school, Glass House, after Carter Glass achievements in banking, but they have now changed the name to Cash House, for James Cash, the first African American tenured professor at Harvard.","Sources: \nWikipedia\nJoe Stinnett, retired editor of The News \u0026 Advance and The Roanoke Times.\nThe Roanoke Times"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 2913, Carter Glass papers, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 2913, Carter Glass papers, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carter Glass papers, 1820-1946, 141 cubic feet, consist of correspondence, manuscripts, newspaper articles, photographs, speeches, and printed materials from his work in the Banking and Currency Committee, the Secretary of the Treasury (1918-1920), and the United States Senate (1920-1946). Subjects include: The Federal Reserve Banking Act of 1913, the Federal Reserve system, and the Banking Act of 1933 (1932 Glass-Steagall Act).  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther topics include international, national and state issues reflected in the politics of this time period including opposition to the National Industrial Recovery Act; National Labor Relations Act; Bank Holding Company Bill; Office of Price Administration; World Wars I and II; League of Nations; World Court; Democratic Party platforms and policies; presidential elections of 1912, 1920, 1924, 1928, and 1940; Senator Huey P. Long; Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal; attempted packing of the Supreme Court; neutrality legislation; disarmament; regulation of the coal industry; (business) products and services; child labor; anti-lynching law; immigration restriction (especially Chinese in Hawaii); Muscle Shoals; trade with Russia; diplomatic relations with the Vatican; Four-Power Treaty; soldiers' bonus bill; tariffs and protectionism; and national defense.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVirginia topics of concern to Glass or his constituents include poll tax elimination; African American suffrage; women's suffrage; highways; intrastate commerce; University of Virginia Board of Visitors;  Woodrow Wilson Foundation; national Patrick Henry shrine at \"Red Hill\"; gubernatorial election of 1924; Bishop James Cannon, Jr., prohibition and the Anti-saloon League; Skyline Drive; Spotsylvania Battlefield Park; Virginia Fight For Freedom Committee; operation of the Lynchburg News and Advance; and patronage requests from Lynchburg, Roanoke, and Bedford, Campbell, Floyd, Montgomery, and Roanoke Counties, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous items of interest include a letter describing the early life of Booker T. Washington, election tickets for 1848, a 1906 recipe book, and letters concerning Glass' belief in the Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmong the many correspondents are Edwin A. Alderman, Newton Baker, Ray Stannard Baker, Alben Barkley, Bernard Baruch, William E. Borah, Chester Bowles, John Stewart Bryan, William Jennings Bryan, Harry F. Byrd, Richard E. Byrd, Calvin Coolidge, John W. Daniel, Josephus Daniels, Colgate W. Darden, Westmoreland Davis, Frederic A. Delano, the Democratic National Committee, Marriner S. Eccles, James A. Farley, Henry Ford, Douglas Southall Freeman, James A. Garfield, Samuel Gompers, Cary T. Grayson, Charles S. Hamlin, William P.G. Harding, Warren G. Harding, George L. Harrison, J. Edgar Hoover,Herbert Hoover, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, Harold Ickes, Hugh S. Johnson, Jesse Jones, Joseph P. Kennedy, Russell C. Leffingwell, Walter Lippmann, Huey Long, William Gibbs McAdoo, George Walter Mapp, Andrew Mellon, Eugene and Agnes Meyer, Andrew J. Montague, R. Walton Moore, Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Robert L. Owen, George C. Peery, Edmund Platt, John Garland Pollard, A. Willis Robertson, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Dave E. Satterfield, C. Bascom Slemp, Rixey Smith, Billy Sunday, Claude A. Swanson, Harry S. Truman, Joseph P. Tumulty, Oscar W. Underwood, Samuel Untermeyer, Arthur H. Vandenberg, Robert F. Wagner, Henry A. Wallace, Paul Moritz Warburg, Richard S. Whaley, William Allen White, John Skelton Williams, Henry Parker Willis, , Edith Bolling Wilson, Woodrow Wilson, Clifton A. Woodrum, and Walter Wyatt.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carter Glass papers, 1820-1946, 141 cubic feet, consist of correspondence, manuscripts, newspaper articles, photographs, speeches, and printed materials from his work in the Banking and Currency Committee, the Secretary of the Treasury (1918-1920), and the United States Senate (1920-1946). Subjects include: The Federal Reserve Banking Act of 1913, the Federal Reserve system, and the Banking Act of 1933 (1932 Glass-Steagall Act).  ","Other topics include international, national and state issues reflected in the politics of this time period including opposition to the National Industrial Recovery Act; National Labor Relations Act; Bank Holding Company Bill; Office of Price Administration; World Wars I and II; League of Nations; World Court; Democratic Party platforms and policies; presidential elections of 1912, 1920, 1924, 1928, and 1940; Senator Huey P. Long; Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal; attempted packing of the Supreme Court; neutrality legislation; disarmament; regulation of the coal industry; (business) products and services; child labor; anti-lynching law; immigration restriction (especially Chinese in Hawaii); Muscle Shoals; trade with Russia; diplomatic relations with the Vatican; Four-Power Treaty; soldiers' bonus bill; tariffs and protectionism; and national defense.","Virginia topics of concern to Glass or his constituents include poll tax elimination; African American suffrage; women's suffrage; highways; intrastate commerce; University of Virginia Board of Visitors;  Woodrow Wilson Foundation; national Patrick Henry shrine at \"Red Hill\"; gubernatorial election of 1924; Bishop James Cannon, Jr., prohibition and the Anti-saloon League; Skyline Drive; Spotsylvania Battlefield Park; Virginia Fight For Freedom Committee; operation of the Lynchburg News and Advance; and patronage requests from Lynchburg, Roanoke, and Bedford, Campbell, Floyd, Montgomery, and Roanoke Counties, Va.","Miscellaneous items of interest include a letter describing the early life of Booker T. Washington, election tickets for 1848, a 1906 recipe book, and letters concerning Glass' belief in the Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship.","Among the many correspondents are Edwin A. Alderman, Newton Baker, Ray Stannard Baker, Alben Barkley, Bernard Baruch, William E. Borah, Chester Bowles, John Stewart Bryan, William Jennings Bryan, Harry F. Byrd, Richard E. Byrd, Calvin Coolidge, John W. Daniel, Josephus Daniels, Colgate W. Darden, Westmoreland Davis, Frederic A. Delano, the Democratic National Committee, Marriner S. Eccles, James A. Farley, Henry Ford, Douglas Southall Freeman, James A. Garfield, Samuel Gompers, Cary T. Grayson, Charles S. Hamlin, William P.G. Harding, Warren G. Harding, George L. Harrison, J. Edgar Hoover,Herbert Hoover, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, Harold Ickes, Hugh S. Johnson, Jesse Jones, Joseph P. Kennedy, Russell C. Leffingwell, Walter Lippmann, Huey Long, William Gibbs McAdoo, George Walter Mapp, Andrew Mellon, Eugene and Agnes Meyer, Andrew J. Montague, R. Walton Moore, Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Robert L. Owen, George C. Peery, Edmund Platt, John Garland Pollard, A. Willis Robertson, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Dave E. Satterfield, C. Bascom Slemp, Rixey Smith, Billy Sunday, Claude A. Swanson, Harry S. Truman, Joseph P. Tumulty, Oscar W. Underwood, Samuel Untermeyer, Arthur H. Vandenberg, Robert F. Wagner, Henry A. Wallace, Paul Moritz Warburg, Richard S. Whaley, William Allen White, John Skelton Williams, Henry Parker Willis, , Edith Bolling Wilson, Woodrow Wilson, Clifton A. Woodrum, and Walter Wyatt."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions in this collection except for veterans claims."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4648,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:44:46.997Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_206_c02_c04"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c02_c06","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Transportation","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c02_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c02_c06","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c02_c06"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c02_c06","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c02","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c02","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects","Subjects (R-T)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects","Subjects (R-T)"],"text":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects","Subjects (R-T)","Transportation","Box 2"],"title_filing_ssi":"Transportation","title_ssm":["Transportation"],"title_tesim":["Transportation"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1725-1924"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1725/1924"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Transportation"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":16,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924],"containers_ssim":["Box 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#5","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:10:06.533Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1026.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and","title_ssm":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects"],"title_tesim":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects"],"unitdate_ssm":["1725-1949"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1725-1949"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 39.2 Man3b","/repositories/2/resources/1026"],"text":["Mss. 39.2 Man3b","/repositories/2/resources/1026","Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects","Shipping--History--18th century.","Slavery","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Alphabetical order by subject.","An artificial collection of papers created from material acquired during the 1930's and 1940's.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 39.2 Man3b","/repositories/2/resources/1026"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects"],"collection_title_tesim":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects"],"collection_ssim":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection is an artificial grouping of material given to Special Collections or purchased by Special Collections during the 1930's and 1940's."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Shipping--History--18th century.","Slavery"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Shipping--History--18th century.","Slavery"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4.00 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical order by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Alphabetical order by subject."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscripts - Group 3 - Subject, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Manuscripts - Group 3 - Subject, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAn artificial collection of papers created from material acquired during the 1930's and 1940's.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["An artificial collection of papers created from material acquired during the 1930's and 1940's."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":53,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:10:06.533Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c02_c06"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c03_c03","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Twyman - Spiller","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c03_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c03_c03","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c03_c03"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c03_c03","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c03","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c03","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_392","viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03","viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_392","viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03","viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Austin-Twyman Papers","Series 3: Accounts and Legal Papers","Subseries 3.3: Accounts and Legal Papers with two or more last names"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Austin-Twyman Papers","Series 3: Accounts and Legal Papers","Subseries 3.3: Accounts and Legal Papers with two or more last names"],"text":["Austin-Twyman Papers","Series 3: Accounts and Legal Papers","Subseries 3.3: Accounts and Legal Papers with two or more last names","Twyman - Spiller"],"title_filing_ssi":"Twyman - Spiller","title_ssm":["Twyman - Spiller"],"title_tesim":["Twyman - Spiller"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1847-1909 and undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1847/1909"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Twyman - Spiller"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":331,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#2/components#2","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:33:57.909Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_392.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Austin-Twyman Papers","title_ssm":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"title_tesim":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1765-1939"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1765-1939"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 69 Au7","/repositories/2/resources/392"],"text":["Mss. 69 Au7","/repositories/2/resources/392","Austin-Twyman Papers","Amherst County (Va.)--History--19th century","Buckingham County (Va.)--History--19th century","Legal documents","Medicine--Practice--Virginia","Medicine--Study and teaching--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Slavery--Virginia--History--19th century","Slaves--United States--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Social conditions","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--War of 1812","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Account books","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","10,764.00 items","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Organization: This collection is organized into 5 series: Series 1 contains letters, Series 2 contains the James River and Kanawha Company papers, Series 3 contains accounts and legal papers, Series 4 contains genealogical material, and Series 5 contains manuscript volumes. Arrangement: This collection is arranged into series and then subseries. These subseries are arranged by family names, then by individual name and finally by date. Also available on microfilm University Publications of America.","Additional information may be found at: http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00045.frame","When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents.","Papers, 1765 (1800-1890) 1939, of the Austin, Twyman, Spiller and Horsley families of Amherst and Buckingham counties, Virginia.","The papers include correspondence, accounts, legal papers and manuscript volumes. Includes papers of Archibald Austin (1772-1837), member of Congress, 1817-1819, member of the Virginia House of Delegates, 1815-1816, 1835-1837, his wife, Grace R. (Booker) Austin and their children, James M. Austin, John Austin and Bernard Austin, Grace Austin and Frances (Austin) Wright.","Correspondents of Archibald Austin include William H. Cabell, Walter L. Fontaine, Charles Yancey, Waller Taylor, George Booker, and Robert T. Hubard.","Subjects include the War of 1812, national politics and the business of the Virginia General Assembly. Papers include correspondence of Archibald Austin's son-in-law, Doctor Iverson Lewis Twyman (1810-1864) who married first, Mary Lavinia Horsley and second, Martha E. Austin. His correspondence concerns slavery, farm management, the study and practice of medicine and the education of his children whose letters are also part of the collection. His children were Iverson Lewis Twyman (1849-1921), John Austin Twyman, Superintendent of Schools in Buckingham County, Samuel Rogers Twyman (concerning Twyman genealogy), Augusta Giles Twyman and Mabel Booker Twyman.","Austin twyman papers collection 1765-1865 Amherst and Buckingham Counties is available on 35 reels of microform in Swem Library's Microforms area call number HD1471 .U5 R43","Papers also contain a few items concerning the Horsley family and much correspondence and many accounts of James Madison Spiller, a friend of Dr. Iverson Lewis Twyman and the father-in-law of Iverson Lewis Twyman, Jr. The collection includes several items relating to Peter Francisco, Revolutionary War hero; materials relating to the James River and Kanawha Canal; letters pertaining to the Civil War; accounts and legal documents concerning Albemarle, Amherst, Appomattox, Botetourt, Buckingham, Campbell, Cumberland, Goochland, King and Queen, Nelson, Powhatan and Prince Edward Counties; genealogical materials relating to the Austin, Booker, Byrd, Clark, Gaines, Lewis, Montague, Rogers, Twyman and Walker families; and miscellaneous material consisting of poetry, religious manuscripts, recipes, memoranda and photographs.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","Horsley family","Spiller family","Austin family","Twyman family","Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Francisco, Peter, d. 1831","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 69 Au7","/repositories/2/resources/392"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.)--History--19th century","Buckingham County (Va.)--History--19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.)--History--19th century","Buckingham County (Va.)--History--19th century"],"creator_ssm":["Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Horsley family","Spiller family"],"creator_ssim":["Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Horsley family","Spiller family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Horsley family","Spiller family"],"creators_ssim":["Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Horsley family","Spiller family"],"places_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.)--History--19th century","Buckingham County (Va.)--History--19th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased: 10,706 items, 1969."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Legal documents","Medicine--Practice--Virginia","Medicine--Study and teaching--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Slavery--Virginia--History--19th century","Slaves--United States--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Social conditions","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--War of 1812","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Account books","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Legal documents","Medicine--Practice--Virginia","Medicine--Study and teaching--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Slavery--Virginia--History--19th century","Slaves--United States--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Social conditions","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--War of 1812","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Account books","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["10,764.00 items"],"extent_ssm":["27.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["27.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Account books","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)"],"date_range_isim":[1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganization: This collection is organized into 5 series: Series 1 contains letters, Series 2 contains the James River and Kanawha Company papers, Series 3 contains accounts and legal papers, Series 4 contains genealogical material, and Series 5 contains manuscript volumes. Arrangement: This collection is arranged into series and then subseries. These subseries are arranged by family names, then by individual name and finally by date. Also available on microfilm University Publications of America.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organization: This collection is organized into 5 series: Series 1 contains letters, Series 2 contains the James River and Kanawha Company papers, Series 3 contains accounts and legal papers, Series 4 contains genealogical material, and Series 5 contains manuscript volumes. Arrangement: This collection is arranged into series and then subseries. These subseries are arranged by family names, then by individual name and finally by date. Also available on microfilm University Publications of America."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional information may be found at: http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00045.frame\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Additional information may be found at: http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00045.frame"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics or Technical Requirements:"],"phystech_tesim":["When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAustin-Twyman Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Austin-Twyman Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers, 1765 (1800-1890) 1939, of the Austin, Twyman, Spiller and Horsley families of Amherst and Buckingham counties, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers include correspondence, accounts, legal papers and manuscript volumes. Includes papers of Archibald Austin (1772-1837), member of Congress, 1817-1819, member of the Virginia House of Delegates, 1815-1816, 1835-1837, his wife, Grace R. (Booker) Austin and their children, James M. Austin, John Austin and Bernard Austin, Grace Austin and Frances (Austin) Wright.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents of Archibald Austin include William H. Cabell, Walter L. Fontaine, Charles Yancey, Waller Taylor, George Booker, and Robert T. Hubard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include the War of 1812, national politics and the business of the Virginia General Assembly. Papers include correspondence of Archibald Austin's son-in-law, Doctor Iverson Lewis Twyman (1810-1864) who married first, Mary Lavinia Horsley and second, Martha E. Austin. His correspondence concerns slavery, farm management, the study and practice of medicine and the education of his children whose letters are also part of the collection. His children were Iverson Lewis Twyman (1849-1921), John Austin Twyman, Superintendent of Schools in Buckingham County, Samuel Rogers Twyman (concerning Twyman genealogy), Augusta Giles Twyman and Mabel Booker Twyman.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAustin twyman papers collection 1765-1865 Amherst and Buckingham Counties is available on 35 reels of microform in Swem Library's Microforms area call number HD1471 .U5 R43\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePapers also contain a few items concerning the Horsley family and much correspondence and many accounts of James Madison Spiller, a friend of Dr. Iverson Lewis Twyman and the father-in-law of Iverson Lewis Twyman, Jr. The collection includes several items relating to Peter Francisco, Revolutionary War hero; materials relating to the James River and Kanawha Canal; letters pertaining to the Civil War; accounts and legal documents concerning Albemarle, Amherst, Appomattox, Botetourt, Buckingham, Campbell, Cumberland, Goochland, King and Queen, Nelson, Powhatan and Prince Edward Counties; genealogical materials relating to the Austin, Booker, Byrd, Clark, Gaines, Lewis, Montague, Rogers, Twyman and Walker families; and miscellaneous material consisting of poetry, religious manuscripts, recipes, memoranda and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers, 1765 (1800-1890) 1939, of the Austin, Twyman, Spiller and Horsley families of Amherst and Buckingham counties, Virginia.","The papers include correspondence, accounts, legal papers and manuscript volumes. Includes papers of Archibald Austin (1772-1837), member of Congress, 1817-1819, member of the Virginia House of Delegates, 1815-1816, 1835-1837, his wife, Grace R. (Booker) Austin and their children, James M. Austin, John Austin and Bernard Austin, Grace Austin and Frances (Austin) Wright.","Correspondents of Archibald Austin include William H. Cabell, Walter L. Fontaine, Charles Yancey, Waller Taylor, George Booker, and Robert T. Hubard.","Subjects include the War of 1812, national politics and the business of the Virginia General Assembly. Papers include correspondence of Archibald Austin's son-in-law, Doctor Iverson Lewis Twyman (1810-1864) who married first, Mary Lavinia Horsley and second, Martha E. Austin. His correspondence concerns slavery, farm management, the study and practice of medicine and the education of his children whose letters are also part of the collection. His children were Iverson Lewis Twyman (1849-1921), John Austin Twyman, Superintendent of Schools in Buckingham County, Samuel Rogers Twyman (concerning Twyman genealogy), Augusta Giles Twyman and Mabel Booker Twyman.","Austin twyman papers collection 1765-1865 Amherst and Buckingham Counties is available on 35 reels of microform in Swem Library's Microforms area call number HD1471 .U5 R43","Papers also contain a few items concerning the Horsley family and much correspondence and many accounts of James Madison Spiller, a friend of Dr. Iverson Lewis Twyman and the father-in-law of Iverson Lewis Twyman, Jr. The collection includes several items relating to Peter Francisco, Revolutionary War hero; materials relating to the James River and Kanawha Canal; letters pertaining to the Civil War; accounts and legal documents concerning Albemarle, Amherst, Appomattox, Botetourt, Buckingham, Campbell, Cumberland, Goochland, King and Queen, Nelson, Powhatan and Prince Edward Counties; genealogical materials relating to the Austin, Booker, Byrd, Clark, Gaines, Lewis, Montague, Rogers, Twyman and Walker families; and miscellaneous material consisting of poetry, religious manuscripts, recipes, memoranda and photographs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","Austin family","Twyman family","Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Francisco, Peter, d. 1831"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","Horsley family","Spiller family","Austin family","Twyman family","Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Francisco, Peter, d. 1831"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)"],"famname_ssim":["Horsley family","Spiller family","Austin family","Twyman family"],"persname_ssim":["Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Francisco, Peter, d. 1831"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":571,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:33:57.909Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c03_c03_c03"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8766_c04_c03","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Unknown Provenance, Photographs Without Names and Outdoor Scenes","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8766_c04_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8766_c04_c03","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8766_c04_c03"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8766_c04_c03","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8766","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8766","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8766_c04","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8766_c04","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8766","viw_repositories_2_resources_8766_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8766","viw_repositories_2_resources_8766_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Grigsby-Galt Papers","Series 4: Grigsby and Galt Family Photographs"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Grigsby-Galt Papers","Series 4: Grigsby and Galt Family Photographs"],"text":["Grigsby-Galt Papers","Series 4: Grigsby and Galt Family Photographs","Unknown Provenance, Photographs Without Names and Outdoor Scenes"],"title_filing_ssi":"Unknown Provenance, Photographs Without Names and Outdoor Scenes","title_ssm":["Unknown Provenance, Photographs Without Names and Outdoor Scenes"],"title_tesim":["Unknown Provenance, Photographs Without Names and Outdoor Scenes"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1860-1920"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1920"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Unknown Provenance, Photographs Without Names and Outdoor Scenes"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Grigsby-Galt Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":368,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#2","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:06:12.313Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8766","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8766","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8766","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8766","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8766.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Grigsby-Galt Papers","title_ssm":["Grigsby-Galt Papers"],"title_tesim":["Grigsby-Galt Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1736-1982","1840-1930"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1840-1930"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1736-1982"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. Acc. 2009.308","/repositories/2/resources/8766"],"text":["Mss. Acc. 2009.308","/repositories/2/resources/8766","Grigsby-Galt Papers","Charlotte County (Va.)--History--19th century","Japan--Description and travel","Virginia--Genealogy","Virginia--History--19th century","Virginia--Social life and customs--19th century","College of William and Mary--History--19th century","Farms--Virginia--History--19th century","Genealogy","Indians of North America","Legal documents","Manila Bay, Battle of, Philippines, 1898","Manila Bay, Battle of, Philippines, 1898--Pictorial works","Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Report cards","Spanish-American War, 1898","Tobacco farmers--Virginia","United States. Navy","United States. Navy--History--19th century","United States. Navy--History--20th century","Cabinet photographs","Carte de visite photographs","Certificates","Clippings (information artifacts)","Correspondence","Financial records","Genealogical tables","Greeting cards","Letters (correspondence)","Manuscripts for publication","Marriage certificates","Photographs","Poems","Postcards","Receipts (financial records)","Speeches","Stock certificates","Visiting cards","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Mss. Acc. 2011.269 addition given as a gift by William R. Galt.","The collection has been divided into Series 1, Galt Family; Series 2,  Grigsby Family; Series 3 for material from both families; and Series 4 for photographs from both families. Series 1, Galt Family, includes most of the correspondence from the Galt Family and is filed in chronological order, regardless of recipient.","Captain William W. Galt (1852-1934) was a direct descendent of John Minson Galt, the senior surgeon at the Battle of Yorktown and founder of the insane asylum in Williamsburg. Captain Galt's application for the position of Assistant Paymaster with the US Navy was dated March 20, 1876. He reached the ranks of Paymaster by 1893 when he was dispatched for duty to Norfolk. He served in the Navy for 50 years and won a promotion from Congress to Captain. He married Mary Blair Grigsby and they had six children. Mrs. Galt was the daughter of Hugh Blair Grigsby, Chancellor of The College of William and Mary from 1871 to 1881. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  .","Arranged and described by Jeffrey Flanagan, SCRC staff in September 2009-February 2010."," Processing completed in late 2010 and early 2011 by Anne Johnson.","Hugh Blair Grigsby Papers (Mss. 95 G87).","Many collections concerning various branches of the Galt Family are part of the Special Collections Research Center. Hugh Blair Grigsby documents also appear in William \u0026 Mary College collections.","The Virginia Historical Society has a large Grigsby Family collection: Hugh Blair Grigsby Papers (Mss 1 G8782 b).","This collection contains the family papers of members of the Grigsby and Galt Families. Mary Blair Grigsby married William W. Galt in 1881. The collection contains papers of various members of the Grigsby family, particulary Hugh Blair Grigsby who was a historian and Chancellor of The College of William and Mary and his son, Hugh Carrington Grigsby who lived his entire life at the family farm, Edgehill, in Charlotte County, Virginia.","The collection also contains the personal papers and some navy material of William W. Galt, U. S. Navy Paymaster and author of a book on the Battle of Manila Bay. Extensive correspondence to and from all the members of his family is included.","Both these groups contain correspondence, genealogy, financial papers and personal papers. ","The Galt Family resided in Norfolk, Virginia and the Grigsby Family at Edgehill, Drakes Branch, Charlotte County, Virginia.","Gift of the Zimermann family of Susan Galt, daughter of William W. Galt.","Artifacts have been removed from the collection and filed in the Mss. Artifact Collection."," The collection contains moldy material and is shelved separately.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Eastern Publishing Co","United States. Navy. Office of the Paymaster","Carrington family","Galt family","Garland family","Grigsby family","Galt, William Richard, 1818-1892","Grigsby, Hugh Blair, 1806-1881","English Spanish;Castilian"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. Acc. 2009.308","/repositories/2/resources/8766"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Grigsby-Galt Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Grigsby-Galt Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Grigsby-Galt Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Charlotte County (Va.)--History--19th century","Japan--Description and travel","Virginia--Genealogy","Virginia--History--19th century","Virginia--Social life and customs--19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Charlotte County (Va.)--History--19th century","Japan--Description and travel","Virginia--Genealogy","Virginia--History--19th century","Virginia--Social life and customs--19th century"],"creator_ssm":["Galt, William Richard, 1818-1892","Grigsby, Hugh Blair, 1806-1881"],"creator_ssim":["Galt, William Richard, 1818-1892","Grigsby, Hugh Blair, 1806-1881"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Galt, William Richard, 1818-1892","Grigsby, Hugh Blair, 1806-1881"],"creators_ssim":["Galt, William Richard, 1818-1892","Grigsby, Hugh Blair, 1806-1881"],"places_ssim":["Charlotte County (Va.)--History--19th century","Japan--Description and travel","Virginia--Genealogy","Virginia--History--19th century","Virginia--Social life and customs--19th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift"],"access_subjects_ssim":["College of William and Mary--History--19th century","Farms--Virginia--History--19th century","Genealogy","Indians of North America","Legal documents","Manila Bay, Battle of, Philippines, 1898","Manila Bay, Battle of, Philippines, 1898--Pictorial works","Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Report cards","Spanish-American War, 1898","Tobacco farmers--Virginia","United States. Navy","United States. Navy--History--19th century","United States. Navy--History--20th century","Cabinet photographs","Carte de visite photographs","Certificates","Clippings (information artifacts)","Correspondence","Financial records","Genealogical tables","Greeting cards","Letters (correspondence)","Manuscripts for publication","Marriage certificates","Photographs","Poems","Postcards","Receipts (financial records)","Speeches","Stock certificates","Visiting cards"],"access_subjects_ssm":["College of William and Mary--History--19th century","Farms--Virginia--History--19th century","Genealogy","Indians of North America","Legal documents","Manila Bay, Battle of, Philippines, 1898","Manila Bay, Battle of, Philippines, 1898--Pictorial works","Norfolk (Va.)--History--19th century","Report cards","Spanish-American War, 1898","Tobacco farmers--Virginia","United States. Navy","United States. Navy--History--19th century","United States. Navy--History--20th century","Cabinet photographs","Carte de visite photographs","Certificates","Clippings (information artifacts)","Correspondence","Financial records","Genealogical tables","Greeting cards","Letters (correspondence)","Manuscripts for publication","Marriage certificates","Photographs","Poems","Postcards","Receipts (financial records)","Speeches","Stock certificates","Visiting cards"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["16.75 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["16.75 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Cabinet photographs","Carte de visite photographs","Certificates","Clippings (information artifacts)","Correspondence","Financial records","Genealogical tables","Greeting cards","Letters (correspondence)","Manuscripts for publication","Marriage certificates","Photographs","Poems","Postcards","Receipts (financial records)","Speeches","Stock certificates","Visiting cards"],"date_range_isim":[1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMss. Acc. 2011.269 addition given as a gift by William R. Galt.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals:"],"accruals_tesim":["Mss. Acc. 2011.269 addition given as a gift by William R. Galt."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been divided into Series 1, Galt Family; Series 2,  Grigsby Family; Series 3 for material from both families; and Series 4 for photographs from both families. Series 1, Galt Family, includes most of the correspondence from the Galt Family and is filed in chronological order, regardless of recipient.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection has been divided into Series 1, Galt Family; Series 2,  Grigsby Family; Series 3 for material from both families; and Series 4 for photographs from both families. Series 1, Galt Family, includes most of the correspondence from the Galt Family and is filed in chronological order, regardless of recipient."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCaptain William W. Galt (1852-1934) was a direct descendent of John Minson Galt, the senior surgeon at the Battle of Yorktown and founder of the insane asylum in Williamsburg. Captain Galt's application for the position of Assistant Paymaster with the US Navy was dated March 20, 1876. He reached the ranks of Paymaster by 1893 when he was dispatched for duty to Norfolk. He served in the Navy for 50 years and won a promotion from Congress to Captain. He married Mary Blair Grigsby and they had six children. Mrs. Galt was the daughter of Hugh Blair Grigsby, Chancellor of The College of William and Mary from 1871 to 1881. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/William_W._Galt\" title=\"William W. Galt\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Captain William W. Galt (1852-1934) was a direct descendent of John Minson Galt, the senior surgeon at the Battle of Yorktown and founder of the insane asylum in Williamsburg. Captain Galt's application for the position of Assistant Paymaster with the US Navy was dated March 20, 1876. He reached the ranks of Paymaster by 1893 when he was dispatched for duty to Norfolk. He served in the Navy for 50 years and won a promotion from Congress to Captain. He married Mary Blair Grigsby and they had six children. Mrs. Galt was the daughter of Hugh Blair Grigsby, Chancellor of The College of William and Mary from 1871 to 1881. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  ."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged and described by Jeffrey Flanagan, SCRC staff in September 2009-February 2010.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Processing completed in late 2010 and early 2011 by Anne Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Arranged and described by Jeffrey Flanagan, SCRC staff in September 2009-February 2010."," Processing completed in late 2010 and early 2011 by Anne Johnson."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHugh Blair Grigsby Papers (Mss. 95 G87).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany collections concerning various branches of the Galt Family are part of the Special Collections Research Center. Hugh Blair Grigsby documents also appear in William \u0026amp; Mary College collections.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Historical Society has a large Grigsby Family collection: Hugh Blair Grigsby Papers (Mss 1 G8782 b).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Hugh Blair Grigsby Papers (Mss. 95 G87).","Many collections concerning various branches of the Galt Family are part of the Special Collections Research Center. Hugh Blair Grigsby documents also appear in William \u0026 Mary College collections.","The Virginia Historical Society has a large Grigsby Family collection: Hugh Blair Grigsby Papers (Mss 1 G8782 b)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the family papers of members of the Grigsby and Galt Families. Mary Blair Grigsby married William W. Galt in 1881. The collection contains papers of various members of the Grigsby family, particulary Hugh Blair Grigsby who was a historian and Chancellor of The College of William and Mary and his son, Hugh Carrington Grigsby who lived his entire life at the family farm, Edgehill, in Charlotte County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains the personal papers and some navy material of William W. Galt, U. S. Navy Paymaster and author of a book on the Battle of Manila Bay. Extensive correspondence to and from all the members of his family is included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoth these groups contain correspondence, genealogy, financial papers and personal papers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Galt Family resided in Norfolk, Virginia and the Grigsby Family at Edgehill, Drakes Branch, Charlotte County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGift of the Zimermann family of Susan Galt, daughter of William W. Galt.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the family papers of members of the Grigsby and Galt Families. Mary Blair Grigsby married William W. Galt in 1881. The collection contains papers of various members of the Grigsby family, particulary Hugh Blair Grigsby who was a historian and Chancellor of The College of William and Mary and his son, Hugh Carrington Grigsby who lived his entire life at the family farm, Edgehill, in Charlotte County, Virginia.","The collection also contains the personal papers and some navy material of William W. Galt, U. S. Navy Paymaster and author of a book on the Battle of Manila Bay. Extensive correspondence to and from all the members of his family is included.","Both these groups contain correspondence, genealogy, financial papers and personal papers. ","The Galt Family resided in Norfolk, Virginia and the Grigsby Family at Edgehill, Drakes Branch, Charlotte County, Virginia.","Gift of the Zimermann family of Susan Galt, daughter of William W. Galt."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArtifacts have been removed from the collection and filed in the Mss. Artifact Collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The collection contains moldy material and is shelved separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials:"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Artifacts have been removed from the collection and filed in the Mss. Artifact Collection."," The collection contains moldy material and is shelved separately."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["Eastern Publishing Co","United States. Navy. Office of the Paymaster","Carrington family","Galt family","Garland family","Grigsby family","Grigsby, Hugh Blair, 1806-1881"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Eastern Publishing Co","United States. Navy. Office of the Paymaster","Carrington family","Galt family","Garland family","Grigsby family","Galt, William Richard, 1818-1892","Grigsby, Hugh Blair, 1806-1881"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Eastern Publishing Co","United States. Navy. Office of the Paymaster"],"famname_ssim":["Carrington family","Galt family","Garland family","Grigsby family"],"persname_ssim":["Galt, William Richard, 1818-1892","Grigsby, Hugh Blair, 1806-1881"],"language_ssim":["English Spanish;Castilian"],"total_component_count_is":384,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:06:12.313Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8766_c04_c03"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c01_c04_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Various Spiller Letters","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c01_c04_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c01_c04_c01","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c01_c04_c01"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c01_c04_c01","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c01_c04","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c01_c04","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_392","viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c01_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_392","viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c01_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Austin-Twyman Papers","Series 1: Letters","Subseries 1.4: Letters to, from, or about the Spiller Family"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Austin-Twyman Papers","Series 1: Letters","Subseries 1.4: Letters to, from, or about the Spiller Family"],"text":["Austin-Twyman Papers","Series 1: Letters","Subseries 1.4: Letters to, from, or about the Spiller Family","Various Spiller Letters","English"],"title_filing_ssi":"Various Spiller Letters","title_ssm":["Various Spiller Letters"],"title_tesim":["Various Spiller Letters"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-1882, and undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1849/1883"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Various Spiller Letters"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":153,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883],"language_ssim":["English"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#3/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:33:57.909Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_392","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_392.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Austin-Twyman Papers","title_ssm":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"title_tesim":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1765-1939"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1765-1939"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 69 Au7","/repositories/2/resources/392"],"text":["Mss. 69 Au7","/repositories/2/resources/392","Austin-Twyman Papers","Amherst County (Va.)--History--19th century","Buckingham County (Va.)--History--19th century","Legal documents","Medicine--Practice--Virginia","Medicine--Study and teaching--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Slavery--Virginia--History--19th century","Slaves--United States--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Social conditions","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--War of 1812","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Account books","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","10,764.00 items","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Organization: This collection is organized into 5 series: Series 1 contains letters, Series 2 contains the James River and Kanawha Company papers, Series 3 contains accounts and legal papers, Series 4 contains genealogical material, and Series 5 contains manuscript volumes. Arrangement: This collection is arranged into series and then subseries. These subseries are arranged by family names, then by individual name and finally by date. Also available on microfilm University Publications of America.","Additional information may be found at: http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00045.frame","When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents.","Papers, 1765 (1800-1890) 1939, of the Austin, Twyman, Spiller and Horsley families of Amherst and Buckingham counties, Virginia.","The papers include correspondence, accounts, legal papers and manuscript volumes. Includes papers of Archibald Austin (1772-1837), member of Congress, 1817-1819, member of the Virginia House of Delegates, 1815-1816, 1835-1837, his wife, Grace R. (Booker) Austin and their children, James M. Austin, John Austin and Bernard Austin, Grace Austin and Frances (Austin) Wright.","Correspondents of Archibald Austin include William H. Cabell, Walter L. Fontaine, Charles Yancey, Waller Taylor, George Booker, and Robert T. Hubard.","Subjects include the War of 1812, national politics and the business of the Virginia General Assembly. Papers include correspondence of Archibald Austin's son-in-law, Doctor Iverson Lewis Twyman (1810-1864) who married first, Mary Lavinia Horsley and second, Martha E. Austin. His correspondence concerns slavery, farm management, the study and practice of medicine and the education of his children whose letters are also part of the collection. His children were Iverson Lewis Twyman (1849-1921), John Austin Twyman, Superintendent of Schools in Buckingham County, Samuel Rogers Twyman (concerning Twyman genealogy), Augusta Giles Twyman and Mabel Booker Twyman.","Austin twyman papers collection 1765-1865 Amherst and Buckingham Counties is available on 35 reels of microform in Swem Library's Microforms area call number HD1471 .U5 R43","Papers also contain a few items concerning the Horsley family and much correspondence and many accounts of James Madison Spiller, a friend of Dr. Iverson Lewis Twyman and the father-in-law of Iverson Lewis Twyman, Jr. The collection includes several items relating to Peter Francisco, Revolutionary War hero; materials relating to the James River and Kanawha Canal; letters pertaining to the Civil War; accounts and legal documents concerning Albemarle, Amherst, Appomattox, Botetourt, Buckingham, Campbell, Cumberland, Goochland, King and Queen, Nelson, Powhatan and Prince Edward Counties; genealogical materials relating to the Austin, Booker, Byrd, Clark, Gaines, Lewis, Montague, Rogers, Twyman and Walker families; and miscellaneous material consisting of poetry, religious manuscripts, recipes, memoranda and photographs.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","Horsley family","Spiller family","Austin family","Twyman family","Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Francisco, Peter, d. 1831","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 69 Au7","/repositories/2/resources/392"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Austin-Twyman Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Amherst County (Va.)--History--19th century","Buckingham County (Va.)--History--19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.)--History--19th century","Buckingham County (Va.)--History--19th century"],"creator_ssm":["Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Horsley family","Spiller family"],"creator_ssim":["Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Horsley family","Spiller family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Horsley family","Spiller family"],"creators_ssim":["Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Horsley family","Spiller family"],"places_ssim":["Amherst County (Va.)--History--19th century","Buckingham County (Va.)--History--19th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased: 10,706 items, 1969."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Legal documents","Medicine--Practice--Virginia","Medicine--Study and teaching--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Slavery--Virginia--History--19th century","Slaves--United States--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Social conditions","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--War of 1812","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Account books","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Legal documents","Medicine--Practice--Virginia","Medicine--Study and teaching--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Slavery--Virginia--History--19th century","Slaves--United States--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Correspondence","Slaves--Virginia--Social conditions","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--War of 1812","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Account books","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["10,764.00 items"],"extent_ssm":["27.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["27.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Account books","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)"],"date_range_isim":[1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganization: This collection is organized into 5 series: Series 1 contains letters, Series 2 contains the James River and Kanawha Company papers, Series 3 contains accounts and legal papers, Series 4 contains genealogical material, and Series 5 contains manuscript volumes. Arrangement: This collection is arranged into series and then subseries. These subseries are arranged by family names, then by individual name and finally by date. Also available on microfilm University Publications of America.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organization: This collection is organized into 5 series: Series 1 contains letters, Series 2 contains the James River and Kanawha Company papers, Series 3 contains accounts and legal papers, Series 4 contains genealogical material, and Series 5 contains manuscript volumes. Arrangement: This collection is arranged into series and then subseries. These subseries are arranged by family names, then by individual name and finally by date. Also available on microfilm University Publications of America."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional information may be found at: http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00045.frame\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Additional information may be found at: http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00045.frame"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics or Technical Requirements:"],"phystech_tesim":["When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAustin-Twyman Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Austin-Twyman Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers, 1765 (1800-1890) 1939, of the Austin, Twyman, Spiller and Horsley families of Amherst and Buckingham counties, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers include correspondence, accounts, legal papers and manuscript volumes. Includes papers of Archibald Austin (1772-1837), member of Congress, 1817-1819, member of the Virginia House of Delegates, 1815-1816, 1835-1837, his wife, Grace R. (Booker) Austin and their children, James M. Austin, John Austin and Bernard Austin, Grace Austin and Frances (Austin) Wright.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents of Archibald Austin include William H. Cabell, Walter L. Fontaine, Charles Yancey, Waller Taylor, George Booker, and Robert T. Hubard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include the War of 1812, national politics and the business of the Virginia General Assembly. Papers include correspondence of Archibald Austin's son-in-law, Doctor Iverson Lewis Twyman (1810-1864) who married first, Mary Lavinia Horsley and second, Martha E. Austin. His correspondence concerns slavery, farm management, the study and practice of medicine and the education of his children whose letters are also part of the collection. His children were Iverson Lewis Twyman (1849-1921), John Austin Twyman, Superintendent of Schools in Buckingham County, Samuel Rogers Twyman (concerning Twyman genealogy), Augusta Giles Twyman and Mabel Booker Twyman.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAustin twyman papers collection 1765-1865 Amherst and Buckingham Counties is available on 35 reels of microform in Swem Library's Microforms area call number HD1471 .U5 R43\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePapers also contain a few items concerning the Horsley family and much correspondence and many accounts of James Madison Spiller, a friend of Dr. Iverson Lewis Twyman and the father-in-law of Iverson Lewis Twyman, Jr. The collection includes several items relating to Peter Francisco, Revolutionary War hero; materials relating to the James River and Kanawha Canal; letters pertaining to the Civil War; accounts and legal documents concerning Albemarle, Amherst, Appomattox, Botetourt, Buckingham, Campbell, Cumberland, Goochland, King and Queen, Nelson, Powhatan and Prince Edward Counties; genealogical materials relating to the Austin, Booker, Byrd, Clark, Gaines, Lewis, Montague, Rogers, Twyman and Walker families; and miscellaneous material consisting of poetry, religious manuscripts, recipes, memoranda and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers, 1765 (1800-1890) 1939, of the Austin, Twyman, Spiller and Horsley families of Amherst and Buckingham counties, Virginia.","The papers include correspondence, accounts, legal papers and manuscript volumes. Includes papers of Archibald Austin (1772-1837), member of Congress, 1817-1819, member of the Virginia House of Delegates, 1815-1816, 1835-1837, his wife, Grace R. (Booker) Austin and their children, James M. Austin, John Austin and Bernard Austin, Grace Austin and Frances (Austin) Wright.","Correspondents of Archibald Austin include William H. Cabell, Walter L. Fontaine, Charles Yancey, Waller Taylor, George Booker, and Robert T. Hubard.","Subjects include the War of 1812, national politics and the business of the Virginia General Assembly. Papers include correspondence of Archibald Austin's son-in-law, Doctor Iverson Lewis Twyman (1810-1864) who married first, Mary Lavinia Horsley and second, Martha E. Austin. His correspondence concerns slavery, farm management, the study and practice of medicine and the education of his children whose letters are also part of the collection. His children were Iverson Lewis Twyman (1849-1921), John Austin Twyman, Superintendent of Schools in Buckingham County, Samuel Rogers Twyman (concerning Twyman genealogy), Augusta Giles Twyman and Mabel Booker Twyman.","Austin twyman papers collection 1765-1865 Amherst and Buckingham Counties is available on 35 reels of microform in Swem Library's Microforms area call number HD1471 .U5 R43","Papers also contain a few items concerning the Horsley family and much correspondence and many accounts of James Madison Spiller, a friend of Dr. Iverson Lewis Twyman and the father-in-law of Iverson Lewis Twyman, Jr. The collection includes several items relating to Peter Francisco, Revolutionary War hero; materials relating to the James River and Kanawha Canal; letters pertaining to the Civil War; accounts and legal documents concerning Albemarle, Amherst, Appomattox, Botetourt, Buckingham, Campbell, Cumberland, Goochland, King and Queen, Nelson, Powhatan and Prince Edward Counties; genealogical materials relating to the Austin, Booker, Byrd, Clark, Gaines, Lewis, Montague, Rogers, Twyman and Walker families; and miscellaneous material consisting of poetry, religious manuscripts, recipes, memoranda and photographs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","Austin family","Twyman family","Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Francisco, Peter, d. 1831"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","Horsley family","Spiller family","Austin family","Twyman family","Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Francisco, Peter, d. 1831"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)"],"famname_ssim":["Horsley family","Spiller family","Austin family","Twyman family"],"persname_ssim":["Austin, Archibald, 1772-1837","Francisco, Peter, d. 1831"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":571,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:33:57.909Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_392_c01_c04_c01"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c04","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Vestry and Annual Meetings","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c04#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eMinutes of Vestry meetings and Vestry Committee meetings. Also, Parochial Reports. Minutes and Reports of Annual Parish Meetings, complete from 1957 through 1988.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c04","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c04"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c04","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8522","viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8522","viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records","Series 1: Administrative Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records","Series 1: Administrative Records"],"text":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records","Series 1: Administrative Records","Vestry and Annual Meetings","Minutes of Vestry meetings and Vestry Committee meetings. Also, Parochial Reports. Minutes and Reports of Annual Parish Meetings, complete from 1957 through 1988."],"title_filing_ssi":"Vestry and Annual Meetings","title_ssm":["Vestry and Annual Meetings"],"title_tesim":["Vestry and Annual Meetings"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1875-1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1875/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Vestry and Annual Meetings"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":66,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":385,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Bruton Parish Church Archives are deposited in Swem Library. Except for some confidential material, they are open to the public. Only the microfilm of the eighteenth-century parish register may be used. It is suggested the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian at Swem Library be contacted before coming to use the collection. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"date_range_isim":[1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMinutes of Vestry meetings and Vestry Committee meetings. Also, Parochial Reports. Minutes and Reports of Annual Parish Meetings, complete from 1957 through 1988.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Minutes of Vestry meetings and Vestry Committee meetings. Also, Parochial Reports. Minutes and Reports of Annual Parish Meetings, complete from 1957 through 1988."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#3","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:08:55.738Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8522.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) Records","title_ssm":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records"],"title_tesim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1662-[ongoing]","1900-2000"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1900-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1662-[ongoing]"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01/Mss. 91 B38","/repositories/2/resources/8522"],"text":["01/Mss. 91 B38","/repositories/2/resources/8522","Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Episcopal Church--Virginia--History--19th century","Episcopal Church--Virginia--History--20th century","Marriage registers","Negatives","Photographs","Publications","Slides (photographs)","The Bruton Parish Church Archives are deposited in Swem Library. Except for some confidential material, they are open to the public. Only the microfilm of the eighteenth-century parish register may be used. It is suggested the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian at Swem Library be contacted before coming to use the collection. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Additional deposits are made on an ongoing basis.","This collection includes the following series:Series 1: Administrative Records, Series 2: Diocese, Ministers and Other Personnel, Series 3: Church Programs and Services, Series 4: Buildings and Grounds, Series 5: Church History, Series 6: Artifacts, Blueprints, Photographs and Newspaper Clippings, Series 7: Manuscript Volumes including registers, vestry minutes, Series 8: Additions received from 2010 onward.  The printed books belonging to the Bruton Parish Church Collection are cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog,","Bruton Parish Church is located in the restored area of Colonial Williamsburg in Williamsburg, Virginia. It was established in the 17th century in the Virginia Colony, and is an active Episcopal parish. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  .","Held by Bruton Parish Church until 1991. Certain parish registers remain at the church. Please contact the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian before coming to use the collection.","The collection was previously processed by various members of the Special Collections Research Center staff prior to 2008. In 2008-2009 Nichole Lidstrom arranged and described the records of Bruton Parish Church bringing together the various accessions into a single record group. Acc. 2013.246 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2013.","Bruton Parish Church Parish Aid Society Minute Book (Mss. MsV Ch7), Bruton Parish Church Account Book (Mss. MsV Ac18). Mansucripts Audiovisual Collection (Mss. 1.04)","Records of Bruton Parish Church, Williamsburg, Va.","The following was separated from Acc. 2013.246 and are now part of the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection:   A Williamsburg Recital , played on the organ of Bruton Parish Church, James Darling, organist. CD. Acc. 2013.246.001    \n   Exploring Bruton Steeple , PBS Woodwright, January 1993. VHS. Acc. 2013.246.002    \n   Exploring Bruton Steeple , PBS Woodwright, January 1993. DVD. Acc. 2013.246.003   \n   A Concert of Eighteenth-Century Music  performed by J.S. Darling on the Wren Chapel Organ at the College of William and Mary in Virginia, Phonograph. Acc. 2013.246.004","Special Collections Research Center","Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)","Pendleton, Charlotte","English"],"unitid_tesim":["01/Mss. 91 B38","/repositories/2/resources/8522"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records"],"collection_ssim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century"],"creator_ssm":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Deposit."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Episcopal Church--Virginia--History--19th century","Episcopal Church--Virginia--History--20th century","Marriage registers","Negatives","Photographs","Publications","Slides (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Episcopal Church--Virginia--History--19th century","Episcopal Church--Virginia--History--20th century","Marriage registers","Negatives","Photographs","Publications","Slides (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["89.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["89.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Marriage registers","Negatives","Photographs","Publications","Slides (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Bruton Parish Church Archives are deposited in Swem Library. Except for some confidential material, they are open to the public. Only the microfilm of the eighteenth-century parish register may be used. It is suggested the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian at Swem Library be contacted before coming to use the collection. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Bruton Parish Church Archives are deposited in Swem Library. Except for some confidential material, they are open to the public. Only the microfilm of the eighteenth-century parish register may be used. It is suggested the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian at Swem Library be contacted before coming to use the collection. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional deposits are made on an ongoing basis.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals:"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional deposits are made on an ongoing basis."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes the following series:Series 1: Administrative Records, Series 2: Diocese, Ministers and Other Personnel, Series 3: Church Programs and Services, Series 4: Buildings and Grounds, Series 5: Church History, Series 6: Artifacts, Blueprints, Photographs and Newspaper Clippings, Series 7: Manuscript Volumes including registers, vestry minutes, Series 8: Additions received from 2010 onward.  The printed books belonging to the Bruton Parish Church Collection are cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog,\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection includes the following series:Series 1: Administrative Records, Series 2: Diocese, Ministers and Other Personnel, Series 3: Church Programs and Services, Series 4: Buildings and Grounds, Series 5: Church History, Series 6: Artifacts, Blueprints, Photographs and Newspaper Clippings, Series 7: Manuscript Volumes including registers, vestry minutes, Series 8: Additions received from 2010 onward.  The printed books belonging to the Bruton Parish Church Collection are cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog,"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBruton Parish Church is located in the restored area of Colonial Williamsburg in Williamsburg, Virginia. It was established in the 17th century in the Virginia Colony, and is an active Episcopal parish. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Bruton_Parish_Church_(Williamsburg,_Va.)\" title=\"Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Bruton Parish Church is located in the restored area of Colonial Williamsburg in Williamsburg, Virginia. It was established in the 17th century in the Virginia Colony, and is an active Episcopal parish. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  ."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHeld by Bruton Parish Church until 1991. Certain parish registers remain at the church. Please contact the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian before coming to use the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History:"],"custodhist_tesim":["Held by Bruton Parish Church until 1991. Certain parish registers remain at the church. Please contact the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian before coming to use the collection."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) Records, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) Records, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was previously processed by various members of the Special Collections Research Center staff prior to 2008. In 2008-2009 Nichole Lidstrom arranged and described the records of Bruton Parish Church bringing together the various accessions into a single record group. Acc. 2013.246 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was previously processed by various members of the Special Collections Research Center staff prior to 2008. In 2008-2009 Nichole Lidstrom arranged and described the records of Bruton Parish Church bringing together the various accessions into a single record group. Acc. 2013.246 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBruton Parish Church Parish Aid Society Minute Book (Mss. MsV Ch7), Bruton Parish Church Account Book (Mss. MsV Ac18). Mansucripts Audiovisual Collection (Mss. 1.04)\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Bruton Parish Church Parish Aid Society Minute Book (Mss. MsV Ch7), Bruton Parish Church Account Book (Mss. MsV Ac18). Mansucripts Audiovisual Collection (Mss. 1.04)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Bruton Parish Church, Williamsburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records of Bruton Parish Church, Williamsburg, Va."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following was separated from Acc. 2013.246 and are now part of the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection:  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Williamsburg Recital\u003c/emph\u003e, played on the organ of Bruton Parish Church, James Darling, organist. CD. Acc. 2013.246.001    \n  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eExploring Bruton Steeple\u003c/emph\u003e, PBS Woodwright, January 1993. VHS. Acc. 2013.246.002    \n  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eExploring Bruton Steeple\u003c/emph\u003e, PBS Woodwright, January 1993. DVD. Acc. 2013.246.003   \n  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Concert of Eighteenth-Century Music \u003c/emph\u003eperformed by J.S. Darling on the Wren Chapel Organ at the College of William and Mary in Virginia, Phonograph. Acc. 2013.246.004\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials:"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following was separated from Acc. 2013.246 and are now part of the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection:   A Williamsburg Recital , played on the organ of Bruton Parish Church, James Darling, organist. CD. Acc. 2013.246.001    \n   Exploring Bruton Steeple , PBS Woodwright, January 1993. VHS. Acc. 2013.246.002    \n   Exploring Bruton Steeple , PBS Woodwright, January 1993. DVD. Acc. 2013.246.003   \n   A Concert of Eighteenth-Century Music  performed by J.S. Darling on the Wren Chapel Organ at the College of William and Mary in Virginia, Phonograph. Acc. 2013.246.004"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)","Pendleton, Charlotte"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Pendleton, Charlotte"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2083,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:08:55.738Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c04"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290_c01_c08","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290_c01_c08#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290_c01_c08","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290_c01_c08"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290_c01_c08","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290_c01","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290_c01","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers","Series I. Harvey Black Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers","Series I. Harvey Black Papers"],"text":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers","Series I. Harvey Black Papers","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College","box 2","folder 10"],"title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College","title_ssm":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["c. 1870-1885"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1870/1885"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":29,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#7","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:41:45.450Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1290.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers","title_ssm":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1779-1984"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1779-1984"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1974.003"],"text":["Ms.1974.003","Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers","Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Genealogy","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Women -- History","The collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","A microfilm edition of the diary, 1847-1850, of Harvey Black and the American Civil War diaries of John S. Apperson was made by the Library of Virginia in January 1976 and is available at the Library of Virginia in Richmond. The Civil War letters of Harvey Black were published in 1995 in a volume edited by Glenn L. McMullen, which is available in the Rare Book Collection and in Newman Library.","The papers are arranged into series corresponding to the creators of the material and subseries by type of material.","Series include the following:","Series I. Harvey Black Papers Series II. Black Family Papers Series III. Germanicus Kent Papers Series IV. Black Family Business Records Series V. John S. Apperson Papers Series VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers Series VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks Series IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company Series X. Assorted Papers","In 1889, Elizabeth Black of Blacksburg, Virginia, married John Apperson of Marion, joining the Black and Kent families of Blacksburg with the Apperson family. Elizabeth Black's father Harvey Black and John S. Apperson served together in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade during the American Civil War. Black was a regimental surgeon and Apperson was a hospital steward under his command.","Harvey Black (1827-1888) was a native of Blacksburg and a grandson of town founder John Black. (Harvey Black did not use the e in his given name, but as an adult he regularly signed his name as H. Black and he was almost always identified publicly as Harvey Black.) After attending local schools, he began studying medicine under two local doctors. In 1847, he volunteered to serve in the Mexican War in the 1st Regiment Virginia Volunteers; three months later, he was made a hospital steward. He entered medical school at the University of Virginia in 1848 and graduated in June 1849. That fall, he took a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through the upper Mid-West as far west as Iowa. He decided to settle in Blacksburg and opened a medical practice there in 1852. The same year, he married Mary Kent of Blacksburg.","On August 2, 1861, Harvey Black was appointed regimental surgeon in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade, known as the Stonewall Brigade. John Apperson, who had enlisted with the Smyth Blues of Smyth County, Virginia, in April 1861, was appointed hospital steward under the command of Harvey Black in March 1862. Black and Apperson served together with the 4th regiment until late 1862. They provided medical care to the wounded at first Manassas, second Manassas, and the Battle of Fredericksburg. In late 1862, Black was appointed surgeon of the field hospital of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, and brought Apperson with him. Both served in this hospital until the end of the war, taking care of recuperating soldiers who were wounded of the Second Corps' major engagements, including the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 and the Spotsylvania Campaign in 1864. Black assisted Hunter Holmes McGuire with the amputation of Stonewall Jackson's arm on May 3, 1863.","After the Civil War, Harvey Black resumed his medical practice in Blacksburg. He was elected president of the Medical Society of Virginia in 1872. He played an instrumental role in the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in Blacksburg in 1872. He was the first rector of the Board of Visitors.","From 1786 to 1882, Harvey Black was Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg. In 1884, he was appointed to the board of a proposed state mental hospital for southwestern Virginia. In 1885, he was elected to represent Montgomery County in the House of Delegates and served two sessions. In the House, he influenced the decision to locate the new hospital in Marion. In 1887, Black became the first superintendent of the new Southwestern State Lunatic Asylum in Marion. He appointed John S. Apperson assistant physician there. Harvey Black died in Richmond in October 1888 and was buried in Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg.","John S. Apperson (1837-1908) was born in Locust Grove, Virginia, and moved to Smyth County in 1859. He took a job splitting rails and began to study medicine under local physician William Faris. In 1861, Apperson enlisted in the Smyth Blues, organized as Company D, 4th Virginia. After the Civil War, he studied medicine at the University of Virginia, earning a degree in 1867. He returned to Smyth County and married Victoria Hull in 1868. They lived in Chilhowie, and Apperson practiced medicine and farmed. They had seven children.","John Apperson's first wife died in 1887. The same year, he took a job as assistant physician under Harvey Black at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia in Marion. When Harvey Black died in 1888, Apperson resigned his position at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum and established a medical practice in Marion. In 1889, he married Elizabeth, daughter of his friend and mentor Harvey Black. They had four children: Harvey, Alexander, Kent, and Mary.","After his second marriage, John Apperson pursued a career in business. He was one of eight founders of Staley's Creek Manganese and Iron Company. In 1906, he expanded the operations of the Marion Foundry and Milling Company into the Marion Foundry and Machine Works. He also promoted the building of the Marion and Rye Valley Railroad.","In 1892, the Virginia Board of World's Fair Managers employed Apperson to collect items and transport Virginia exhibits to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. John Apperson died in Marion in 1908. His wife Elizabeth died in Blacksburg in 1942.","Harvey Black Apperson (1890-1948), the oldest child of John Apperson and Elizabeth Black, lived in Salem, Virginia, and practiced law in Roanoke for thirty years. He became active in Democratic Party politics in the 1920s. In a special election in 1933, he was elected to represent Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, and Roanoke counties and the cities of Radford and Roanoke in the State Senate. He served on the State Corporation Commission from 1944 to 1947 and was Chairman of the Commission from June 1944 to 1947. Governor William Tuck appointed him Attorney General in August 1947, and he took office October 7, 1947. He died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Richmond on February 2, 1948. Alexander Apperson worked at the Marion Foundry and Machine Works for a period and later moved to Birmingham, Alabama.","Germanicus Kent (1791-1861) and Arabella Amiss Kent (1809-1951), parents of Harvey Black's wife Mary, are also documented in this collection. Germanicus Kent was born in Suffield, Connecticut, and attended Yale College. Circa 1822, he moved to Huntsville, Alabama, and worked as a cotton merchant. In 1827, he married Arabella Amiss of Blacksburg. According to a family account, Germanicus Kent left Huntsville in 1834 at the insistence of his brother Aratus Kent, a missionary in Illinois who opposed slavery. Aratus Kent was a founder of Beloit and Rockford colleges in Illinois. The family moved to Illinois in 1834. Lewis Kent (also known as Lewis Lemon), who was enslaved by Germanicus Kent in North Carolina when he was a boy, moved with the family and later purchased his freedom and settled in Iowa. Germanicus Kent is considered a founder of the town of Rockford, Illinois, and served in the Illinois state legislature. Mary Kent, born in 1836, was the first child of European ancestry born in Rockford. The family returned to Arabella's hometown of Blacksburg in 1843.","Sources Glenn L. McMullen, \"Tending the Wounded: Two Virginians in the Confederate Medical Corps,\" Virginia Cavalcade, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Spring 1991), 172-183 A Surgeon with Stonewall Jackson: The Civil War Letters of Dr. Harvey Black, edited by Glenn L. McMullen (Baltimore: Butternut and Blue, 1995) Biographical sketches of John S. Apperson by Glenn McMullen and of Harvey Black Apperson, by Crandall Shiflett in John T. Kneebone, J. Jefferson Looney, Brent Tartar, and Sandra Gioia Treadway, eds., Dictionary of Virginia Biography, Vol. 1 (The Library of Virginia, 1998), 181-183 \"Germanicus A. Kent: Founder of Rockford, Illinois,\" published by the Rockford Historical Society, n.d.","The guide to the Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The papers were previously organized into three collections: the Black Family Papers, Ms1974-003; the Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-017; and the Kent Family Papers, Ms1974-018. They were further processed and merged into one collection in 2002. Additional description was completed in 2021.","Three boxes are unprocessed. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","See the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","James Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031","Elizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045","Medical Bill Signed by Dr. Harvey Black, Ms2009-084","Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040","The Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779-1984 (bulk 1821-1948) documents the families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection comprises American Civil War letters of Dr. Harvey Black, Civil War diaries of John Apperson, records and correspondence pertaining to nineteenth-century Blacksburg residents Edwin Amiss, his sister Arabella Amiss Kent, and her husband Germanicus Kent, cotton trader and Rockford, Illinois pioneer; and account books, correspondence, and photographs of several members of the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection is divided into the following major series: Harvey Black Papers, Black Family Papers, Germanicus Kent Papers, Black Family Business Records, John S. Apperson Papers, Mary E. Apperson Papers, Alexander Apperson Papers, and Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks.","Series I. Harvey Black Papers, 1847-1888, contains the following subseries: Diaries, Civil War Letters, General Correspondence, Medical Career Records, and Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. It also includes one photograph, ca. 1865, of Harvey Black.","Dating 1861 to 1864, the Civil War Letters document Black's experiences as a regimental surgeon in the Stonewall Brigade and as surgeon in charge of the Second Corps field hospital. The series comprises letters Black wrote to his wife Mary (Molly) in Blacksburg. Black usually wrote to his wife two to three days after a major battle and reported who, from Blacksburg, had been killed or wounded. He describes the effects of disease on the troops, looking for his brother-in-law Lewis Kent among the Union wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the delirium of Stonewall Jackson as he lay dying at Guinea Station, and the difficulties of keeping his family clothed and fed during the war.","The Diaries consist of a short diary Black kept of his journey from Christiansburg to Mexico to fight in the Mexican War and a diary of a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through West Virginia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Tennessee in the fall of 1849. The Mexican War diary details Black's trip from Christiansburg to Norfolk and eventually Buena Vista, but provides little information about serving in the war. Both diaries contain mainly Black's observations about the towns and cities he passes through. The diary of the trip west compares culture and society in Virginia and the West and references encounters with Virginians who had moved west.","General Correspondence, 1847-1871, comprises two letters Black wrote while he was studying medicine at the University of Virginia, his proposal of marriage to Mary (Molly) Kent, and a folder of letters Black received from family members between 1848 and 1871. One letter describes pioneering in Island County, Washington Territory, in 1853; and two letters from Virginia State Senator John Penn regard the establishment of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, forerunner of Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg.","The Medical Career Records, dating 1848 to 1888, documents Harvey Black's medical career before and after the Civil War and letters of recommendation for the position of Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia and the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia. This series also contains an 1887 annual report for the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia.","The Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College Records span the years 1870 to 1873. This small series consists of a subscription list for the Preston and Olin Institute, an early history of the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, and certificates of appointment to the college's Board of Visitors.","Series II. Black Family Papers, 1779-1911 (bulk 1845-1911): Materials include an 1845 bill of sale for an enslaved girl named Adaline; an 1856 letter from Charles to Alexander Black; photographs of Alexander Black, Kent Black, and Kent's wife Mary Bell Black; a 1911 letter from Mary Kent to her children; and a quilt given to Kent Black by his medical patients, ca. 1890. Additionally, the series has the wedding register of Mary and Kent Black and an invitation to the 1885 Blacksburg Grand Annual Ball.","Series III. Germanicus Kent Papers, 1818-1899: The series comprises Germanicus Kent's cotton books and correspondence with his sons Lewis and John, his brother Aratus Kent, and his brother-in- law Edwin Amiss. The cotton books document Kent's experience as a cotton merchant based in Huntsville, Alabama, 1821 to 1823. They provide lists of cotton prices and copies of correspondence to clients in Nashville and New Orleans. The correspondence describes life in Blacksburg in the 1830s, the Kent family's decision to settle in Virginia after living in Illinois, and Kent's business investments in the west and in Blacksburg. Letters from Edwin Amiss to Arabella and Germanicus Kent pertain to Arabella Kent continuing to enslave people by inheriting her mother's estate. An 1860 letter from Germanicus Kent to Aratus Kent discusses Germanicus Kent's desire to establish contact with the man he formerly enslaved Lewis Lemon Kent, then living in Iowa.","Series IV. Black Family Business Records, 1832-1924: Account books for mercantile establishments in Blacksburg make up the bulk of this series.. It also contains an account book for A.W. Luster; a 1908 inventory for W. Stone \u0026 Son; and a copy of an undated newspaper advertisement for A. Black and Company.","Series V. John S. Apperson Papers, 1858-1915: John Apperson's Civil War Diary is the centerpiece. The diary consist of Apperson's account of his journey, in 1859, from his home in Locust Grove, Virginia to Smyth County in Southwest Virginia. In the Civil War diaries, he describes medical care of soldiers and lists monthly figures of wounded and dead for the Second Corps field hospital. He discusses going onto the battlefield after the fighting stopped at First Manassas, the scene on the morning of the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; performing his first amputation; and his efforts to continue his medical education during the Civil War. Additionally, this series contains correspondence about Apperson's business career, 1900 and 1910, a catalog for the Marion Foundry and Machine Works, and photographs of John Apperson, Elizabeth Black, and their children.","Series VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers, 1889-1977, and Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers, 1827-1984: Research files on the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion compose the bulk of these two series. Materials also include publications pertaining to family history; correspondence with the Rockford, Illinois Historical Society regarding research on Germanicus Kent; correspondence related to other genealogy research; the recollections of Elizabeth Black Apperson about Blacksburg history and buildings; family photographs and a photograph, ca. 1900, of the Alexander Black house in Blacksburg; and family artifacts.","Series VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks, 1933-1950: The scrapbooks largely consist of newspaper clippings detailing Harvey B. Apperson's political career and Democratic Party politics in the Roanoke area in the 1930s and in Richmond in the 1940s. Additionally, there are letters and telegrams of congratulation Apperson received when he was appointed Attorney General of Virginia in 1947, telegrams and letters of condolence his wife received upon his death four months later, photographs, and political ephemera.","Series IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company, 1826-1965: Legal documents and correspondence pertain to the division of proceeds of mining investments among the Apperson descendants of Harvey Black. The series also contains maps of Black and Apperson property in Blacksburg, ca. 1949.","Series X. Assorted Papers, 1872, 1912: The last series includes two items, the Louise Caton Travel Diary, 1912, and  The Christian Union  publication, 1872. The diary of Louise Caton's four-month tour of Europe in 1912 describes her voyage from New York to Genoa on the Laxmia and from Liverpool back to New York on the Celtic. The relationship of Louise Caton to the Black, Kent, and Apperson families is unknown.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers and artifacts of an interrelated family prominent in Blacksburg's history. It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family","Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1974.003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Huntsville (Ala.)","Marion (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers were donated to Virginia Tech from 1955 to 1990. The American Civil War letters of Harvey Black and the Civil War diaries of John Apperson were donated in 1974."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Genealogy","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Genealogy","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["ca. 7 Cubic Feet 21 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["ca. 7 Cubic Feet 21 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca show=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/38\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA microfilm edition of the diary, 1847-1850, of Harvey Black and the American Civil War diaries of John S. Apperson was made by the Library of Virginia in January 1976 and is available at the Library of Virginia in Richmond. The Civil War letters of Harvey Black were published in 1995 in a volume edited by Glenn L. McMullen, which is available in the Rare Book Collection and in Newman Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","A microfilm edition of the diary, 1847-1850, of Harvey Black and the American Civil War diaries of John S. Apperson was made by the Library of Virginia in January 1976 and is available at the Library of Virginia in Richmond. The Civil War letters of Harvey Black were published in 1995 in a volume edited by Glenn L. McMullen, which is available in the Rare Book Collection and in Newman Library."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged into series corresponding to the creators of the material and subseries by type of material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries include the following:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I. Harvey Black Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II. Black Family Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. Black Family Business Records\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Alexander Apperson Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries X. Assorted Papers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged into series corresponding to the creators of the material and subseries by type of material.","Series include the following:","Series I. Harvey Black Papers Series II. Black Family Papers Series III. Germanicus Kent Papers Series IV. Black Family Business Records Series V. John S. Apperson Papers Series VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers Series VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks Series IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company Series X. Assorted Papers"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1889, Elizabeth Black of Blacksburg, Virginia, married John Apperson of Marion, joining the Black and Kent families of Blacksburg with the Apperson family. Elizabeth Black's father Harvey Black and John S. Apperson served together in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade during the American Civil War. Black was a regimental surgeon and Apperson was a hospital steward under his command.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHarvey Black (1827-1888) was a native of Blacksburg and a grandson of town founder John Black. (Harvey Black did not use the e in his given name, but as an adult he regularly signed his name as H. Black and he was almost always identified publicly as Harvey Black.) After attending local schools, he began studying medicine under two local doctors. In 1847, he volunteered to serve in the Mexican War in the 1st Regiment Virginia Volunteers; three months later, he was made a hospital steward. He entered medical school at the University of Virginia in 1848 and graduated in June 1849. That fall, he took a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through the upper Mid-West as far west as Iowa. He decided to settle in Blacksburg and opened a medical practice there in 1852. The same year, he married Mary Kent of Blacksburg.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn August 2, 1861, Harvey Black was appointed regimental surgeon in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade, known as the Stonewall Brigade. John Apperson, who had enlisted with the Smyth Blues of Smyth County, Virginia, in April 1861, was appointed hospital steward under the command of Harvey Black in March 1862. Black and Apperson served together with the 4th regiment until late 1862. They provided medical care to the wounded at first Manassas, second Manassas, and the Battle of Fredericksburg. In late 1862, Black was appointed surgeon of the field hospital of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, and brought Apperson with him. Both served in this hospital until the end of the war, taking care of recuperating soldiers who were wounded of the Second Corps' major engagements, including the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 and the Spotsylvania Campaign in 1864. Black assisted Hunter Holmes McGuire with the amputation of Stonewall Jackson's arm on May 3, 1863.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the Civil War, Harvey Black resumed his medical practice in Blacksburg. He was elected president of the Medical Society of Virginia in 1872. He played an instrumental role in the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in Blacksburg in 1872. He was the first rector of the Board of Visitors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1786 to 1882, Harvey Black was Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg. In 1884, he was appointed to the board of a proposed state mental hospital for southwestern Virginia. In 1885, he was elected to represent Montgomery County in the House of Delegates and served two sessions. In the House, he influenced the decision to locate the new hospital in Marion. In 1887, Black became the first superintendent of the new Southwestern State Lunatic Asylum in Marion. He appointed John S. Apperson assistant physician there. Harvey Black died in Richmond in October 1888 and was buried in Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn S. Apperson (1837-1908) was born in Locust Grove, Virginia, and moved to Smyth County in 1859. He took a job splitting rails and began to study medicine under local physician William Faris. In 1861, Apperson enlisted in the Smyth Blues, organized as Company D, 4th Virginia. After the Civil War, he studied medicine at the University of Virginia, earning a degree in 1867. He returned to Smyth County and married Victoria Hull in 1868. They lived in Chilhowie, and Apperson practiced medicine and farmed. They had seven children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Apperson's first wife died in 1887. The same year, he took a job as assistant physician under Harvey Black at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia in Marion. When Harvey Black died in 1888, Apperson resigned his position at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum and established a medical practice in Marion. In 1889, he married Elizabeth, daughter of his friend and mentor Harvey Black. They had four children: Harvey, Alexander, Kent, and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter his second marriage, John Apperson pursued a career in business. He was one of eight founders of Staley's Creek Manganese and Iron Company. In 1906, he expanded the operations of the Marion Foundry and Milling Company into the Marion Foundry and Machine Works. He also promoted the building of the Marion and Rye Valley Railroad.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1892, the Virginia Board of World's Fair Managers employed Apperson to collect items and transport Virginia exhibits to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. John Apperson died in Marion in 1908. His wife Elizabeth died in Blacksburg in 1942.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHarvey Black Apperson (1890-1948), the oldest child of John Apperson and Elizabeth Black, lived in Salem, Virginia, and practiced law in Roanoke for thirty years. He became active in Democratic Party politics in the 1920s. In a special election in 1933, he was elected to represent Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, and Roanoke counties and the cities of Radford and Roanoke in the State Senate. He served on the State Corporation Commission from 1944 to 1947 and was Chairman of the Commission from June 1944 to 1947. Governor William Tuck appointed him Attorney General in August 1947, and he took office October 7, 1947. He died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Richmond on February 2, 1948. Alexander Apperson worked at the Marion Foundry and Machine Works for a period and later moved to Birmingham, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGermanicus Kent (1791-1861) and Arabella Amiss Kent (1809-1951), parents of Harvey Black's wife Mary, are also documented in this collection. Germanicus Kent was born in Suffield, Connecticut, and attended Yale College. Circa 1822, he moved to Huntsville, Alabama, and worked as a cotton merchant. In 1827, he married Arabella Amiss of Blacksburg. According to a family account, Germanicus Kent left Huntsville in 1834 at the insistence of his brother Aratus Kent, a missionary in Illinois who opposed slavery. Aratus Kent was a founder of Beloit and Rockford colleges in Illinois. The family moved to Illinois in 1834. Lewis Kent (also known as Lewis Lemon), who was enslaved by Germanicus Kent in North Carolina when he was a boy, moved with the family and later purchased his freedom and settled in Iowa. Germanicus Kent is considered a founder of the town of Rockford, Illinois, and served in the Illinois state legislature. Mary Kent, born in 1836, was the first child of European ancestry born in Rockford. The family returned to Arabella's hometown of Blacksburg in 1843.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSources\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGlenn L. McMullen, \"Tending the Wounded: Two Virginians in the Confederate Medical Corps,\" Virginia Cavalcade, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Spring 1991), 172-183\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eA Surgeon with Stonewall Jackson: The Civil War Letters of Dr. Harvey Black, edited by Glenn L. McMullen (Baltimore: Butternut and Blue, 1995)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBiographical sketches of John S. Apperson by Glenn McMullen and of Harvey Black Apperson, by Crandall Shiflett in John T. Kneebone, J. Jefferson Looney, Brent Tartar, and Sandra Gioia Treadway, eds., Dictionary of Virginia Biography, Vol. 1 (The Library of Virginia, 1998), 181-183\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\"Germanicus A. Kent: Founder of Rockford, Illinois,\" published by the Rockford Historical Society, n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1889, Elizabeth Black of Blacksburg, Virginia, married John Apperson of Marion, joining the Black and Kent families of Blacksburg with the Apperson family. Elizabeth Black's father Harvey Black and John S. Apperson served together in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade during the American Civil War. Black was a regimental surgeon and Apperson was a hospital steward under his command.","Harvey Black (1827-1888) was a native of Blacksburg and a grandson of town founder John Black. (Harvey Black did not use the e in his given name, but as an adult he regularly signed his name as H. Black and he was almost always identified publicly as Harvey Black.) After attending local schools, he began studying medicine under two local doctors. In 1847, he volunteered to serve in the Mexican War in the 1st Regiment Virginia Volunteers; three months later, he was made a hospital steward. He entered medical school at the University of Virginia in 1848 and graduated in June 1849. That fall, he took a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through the upper Mid-West as far west as Iowa. He decided to settle in Blacksburg and opened a medical practice there in 1852. The same year, he married Mary Kent of Blacksburg.","On August 2, 1861, Harvey Black was appointed regimental surgeon in the 4th Virginia, 1st Brigade, known as the Stonewall Brigade. John Apperson, who had enlisted with the Smyth Blues of Smyth County, Virginia, in April 1861, was appointed hospital steward under the command of Harvey Black in March 1862. Black and Apperson served together with the 4th regiment until late 1862. They provided medical care to the wounded at first Manassas, second Manassas, and the Battle of Fredericksburg. In late 1862, Black was appointed surgeon of the field hospital of the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, and brought Apperson with him. Both served in this hospital until the end of the war, taking care of recuperating soldiers who were wounded of the Second Corps' major engagements, including the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863 and the Spotsylvania Campaign in 1864. Black assisted Hunter Holmes McGuire with the amputation of Stonewall Jackson's arm on May 3, 1863.","After the Civil War, Harvey Black resumed his medical practice in Blacksburg. He was elected president of the Medical Society of Virginia in 1872. He played an instrumental role in the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in Blacksburg in 1872. He was the first rector of the Board of Visitors.","From 1786 to 1882, Harvey Black was Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum in Williamsburg. In 1884, he was appointed to the board of a proposed state mental hospital for southwestern Virginia. In 1885, he was elected to represent Montgomery County in the House of Delegates and served two sessions. In the House, he influenced the decision to locate the new hospital in Marion. In 1887, Black became the first superintendent of the new Southwestern State Lunatic Asylum in Marion. He appointed John S. Apperson assistant physician there. Harvey Black died in Richmond in October 1888 and was buried in Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg.","John S. Apperson (1837-1908) was born in Locust Grove, Virginia, and moved to Smyth County in 1859. He took a job splitting rails and began to study medicine under local physician William Faris. In 1861, Apperson enlisted in the Smyth Blues, organized as Company D, 4th Virginia. After the Civil War, he studied medicine at the University of Virginia, earning a degree in 1867. He returned to Smyth County and married Victoria Hull in 1868. They lived in Chilhowie, and Apperson practiced medicine and farmed. They had seven children.","John Apperson's first wife died in 1887. The same year, he took a job as assistant physician under Harvey Black at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia in Marion. When Harvey Black died in 1888, Apperson resigned his position at the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum and established a medical practice in Marion. In 1889, he married Elizabeth, daughter of his friend and mentor Harvey Black. They had four children: Harvey, Alexander, Kent, and Mary.","After his second marriage, John Apperson pursued a career in business. He was one of eight founders of Staley's Creek Manganese and Iron Company. In 1906, he expanded the operations of the Marion Foundry and Milling Company into the Marion Foundry and Machine Works. He also promoted the building of the Marion and Rye Valley Railroad.","In 1892, the Virginia Board of World's Fair Managers employed Apperson to collect items and transport Virginia exhibits to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. John Apperson died in Marion in 1908. His wife Elizabeth died in Blacksburg in 1942.","Harvey Black Apperson (1890-1948), the oldest child of John Apperson and Elizabeth Black, lived in Salem, Virginia, and practiced law in Roanoke for thirty years. He became active in Democratic Party politics in the 1920s. In a special election in 1933, he was elected to represent Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, and Roanoke counties and the cities of Radford and Roanoke in the State Senate. He served on the State Corporation Commission from 1944 to 1947 and was Chairman of the Commission from June 1944 to 1947. Governor William Tuck appointed him Attorney General in August 1947, and he took office October 7, 1947. He died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Richmond on February 2, 1948. Alexander Apperson worked at the Marion Foundry and Machine Works for a period and later moved to Birmingham, Alabama.","Germanicus Kent (1791-1861) and Arabella Amiss Kent (1809-1951), parents of Harvey Black's wife Mary, are also documented in this collection. Germanicus Kent was born in Suffield, Connecticut, and attended Yale College. Circa 1822, he moved to Huntsville, Alabama, and worked as a cotton merchant. In 1827, he married Arabella Amiss of Blacksburg. According to a family account, Germanicus Kent left Huntsville in 1834 at the insistence of his brother Aratus Kent, a missionary in Illinois who opposed slavery. Aratus Kent was a founder of Beloit and Rockford colleges in Illinois. The family moved to Illinois in 1834. Lewis Kent (also known as Lewis Lemon), who was enslaved by Germanicus Kent in North Carolina when he was a boy, moved with the family and later purchased his freedom and settled in Iowa. Germanicus Kent is considered a founder of the town of Rockford, Illinois, and served in the Illinois state legislature. Mary Kent, born in 1836, was the first child of European ancestry born in Rockford. The family returned to Arabella's hometown of Blacksburg in 1843.","Sources Glenn L. McMullen, \"Tending the Wounded: Two Virginians in the Confederate Medical Corps,\" Virginia Cavalcade, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Spring 1991), 172-183 A Surgeon with Stonewall Jackson: The Civil War Letters of Dr. Harvey Black, edited by Glenn L. McMullen (Baltimore: Butternut and Blue, 1995) Biographical sketches of John S. Apperson by Glenn McMullen and of Harvey Black Apperson, by Crandall Shiflett in John T. Kneebone, J. Jefferson Looney, Brent Tartar, and Sandra Gioia Treadway, eds., Dictionary of Virginia Biography, Vol. 1 (The Library of Virginia, 1998), 181-183 \"Germanicus A. Kent: Founder of Rockford, Illinois,\" published by the Rockford Historical Society, n.d."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers were previously organized into three collections: the Black Family Papers, Ms1974-003; the Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-017; and the Kent Family Papers, Ms1974-018. They were further processed and merged into one collection in 2002. Additional description was completed in 2021.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree boxes are unprocessed. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The papers were previously organized into three collections: the Black Family Papers, Ms1974-003; the Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-017; and the Kent Family Papers, Ms1974-018. They were further processed and merged into one collection in 2002. Additional description was completed in 2021.","Three boxes are unprocessed. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1474.xml\"\u003eJames Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1779.xml\"\u003eElizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2503.xml\"\u003eMedical Bill Signed by Dr. Harvey Black, Ms2009-084\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2361.xml\"\u003eBell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","James Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031","Elizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045","Medical Bill Signed by Dr. Harvey Black, Ms2009-084","Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779-1984 (bulk 1821-1948) documents the families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection comprises American Civil War letters of Dr. Harvey Black, Civil War diaries of John Apperson, records and correspondence pertaining to nineteenth-century Blacksburg residents Edwin Amiss, his sister Arabella Amiss Kent, and her husband Germanicus Kent, cotton trader and Rockford, Illinois pioneer; and account books, correspondence, and photographs of several members of the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection is divided into the following major series: Harvey Black Papers, Black Family Papers, Germanicus Kent Papers, Black Family Business Records, John S. Apperson Papers, Mary E. Apperson Papers, Alexander Apperson Papers, and Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Harvey Black Papers, 1847-1888, contains the following subseries: Diaries, Civil War Letters, General Correspondence, Medical Career Records, and Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. It also includes one photograph, ca. 1865, of Harvey Black.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDating 1861 to 1864, the Civil War Letters document Black's experiences as a regimental surgeon in the Stonewall Brigade and as surgeon in charge of the Second Corps field hospital. The series comprises letters Black wrote to his wife Mary (Molly) in Blacksburg. Black usually wrote to his wife two to three days after a major battle and reported who, from Blacksburg, had been killed or wounded. He describes the effects of disease on the troops, looking for his brother-in-law Lewis Kent among the Union wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the delirium of Stonewall Jackson as he lay dying at Guinea Station, and the difficulties of keeping his family clothed and fed during the war.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Diaries consist of a short diary Black kept of his journey from Christiansburg to Mexico to fight in the Mexican War and a diary of a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through West Virginia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Tennessee in the fall of 1849. The Mexican War diary details Black's trip from Christiansburg to Norfolk and eventually Buena Vista, but provides little information about serving in the war. Both diaries contain mainly Black's observations about the towns and cities he passes through. The diary of the trip west compares culture and society in Virginia and the West and references encounters with Virginians who had moved west.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Correspondence, 1847-1871, comprises two letters Black wrote while he was studying medicine at the University of Virginia, his proposal of marriage to Mary (Molly) Kent, and a folder of letters Black received from family members between 1848 and 1871. One letter describes pioneering in Island County, Washington Territory, in 1853; and two letters from Virginia State Senator John Penn regard the establishment of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, forerunner of Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Medical Career Records, dating 1848 to 1888, documents Harvey Black's medical career before and after the Civil War and letters of recommendation for the position of Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia and the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia. This series also contains an 1887 annual report for the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College Records span the years 1870 to 1873. This small series consists of a subscription list for the Preston and Olin Institute, an early history of the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, and certificates of appointment to the college's Board of Visitors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Black Family Papers, 1779-1911 (bulk 1845-1911): Materials include an 1845 bill of sale for an enslaved girl named Adaline; an 1856 letter from Charles to Alexander Black; photographs of Alexander Black, Kent Black, and Kent's wife Mary Bell Black; a 1911 letter from Mary Kent to her children; and a quilt given to Kent Black by his medical patients, ca. 1890. Additionally, the series has the wedding register of Mary and Kent Black and an invitation to the 1885 Blacksburg Grand Annual Ball.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Germanicus Kent Papers, 1818-1899: The series comprises Germanicus Kent's cotton books and correspondence with his sons Lewis and John, his brother Aratus Kent, and his brother-in- law Edwin Amiss. The cotton books document Kent's experience as a cotton merchant based in Huntsville, Alabama, 1821 to 1823. They provide lists of cotton prices and copies of correspondence to clients in Nashville and New Orleans. The correspondence describes life in Blacksburg in the 1830s, the Kent family's decision to settle in Virginia after living in Illinois, and Kent's business investments in the west and in Blacksburg. Letters from Edwin Amiss to Arabella and Germanicus Kent pertain to Arabella Kent continuing to enslave people by inheriting her mother's estate. An 1860 letter from Germanicus Kent to Aratus Kent discusses Germanicus Kent's desire to establish contact with the man he formerly enslaved Lewis Lemon Kent, then living in Iowa.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Black Family Business Records, 1832-1924: Account books for mercantile establishments in Blacksburg make up the bulk of this series.. It also contains an account book for A.W. Luster; a 1908 inventory for W. Stone \u0026amp; Son; and a copy of an undated newspaper advertisement for A. Black and Company.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. John S. Apperson Papers, 1858-1915: John Apperson's Civil War Diary is the centerpiece. The diary consist of Apperson's account of his journey, in 1859, from his home in Locust Grove, Virginia to Smyth County in Southwest Virginia. In the Civil War diaries, he describes medical care of soldiers and lists monthly figures of wounded and dead for the Second Corps field hospital. He discusses going onto the battlefield after the fighting stopped at First Manassas, the scene on the morning of the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; performing his first amputation; and his efforts to continue his medical education during the Civil War. Additionally, this series contains correspondence about Apperson's business career, 1900 and 1910, a catalog for the Marion Foundry and Machine Works, and photographs of John Apperson, Elizabeth Black, and their children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers, 1889-1977, and Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers, 1827-1984: Research files on the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion compose the bulk of these two series. Materials also include publications pertaining to family history; correspondence with the Rockford, Illinois Historical Society regarding research on Germanicus Kent; correspondence related to other genealogy research; the recollections of Elizabeth Black Apperson about Blacksburg history and buildings; family photographs and a photograph, ca. 1900, of the Alexander Black house in Blacksburg; and family artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks, 1933-1950: The scrapbooks largely consist of newspaper clippings detailing Harvey B. Apperson's political career and Democratic Party politics in the Roanoke area in the 1930s and in Richmond in the 1940s. Additionally, there are letters and telegrams of congratulation Apperson received when he was appointed Attorney General of Virginia in 1947, telegrams and letters of condolence his wife received upon his death four months later, photographs, and political ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company, 1826-1965: Legal documents and correspondence pertain to the division of proceeds of mining investments among the Apperson descendants of Harvey Black. The series also contains maps of Black and Apperson property in Blacksburg, ca. 1949.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries X. Assorted Papers, 1872, 1912: The last series includes two items, the Louise Caton Travel Diary, 1912, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Christian Union\u003c/emph\u003e publication, 1872. The diary of Louise Caton's four-month tour of Europe in 1912 describes her voyage from New York to Genoa on the Laxmia and from Liverpool back to New York on the Celtic. The relationship of Louise Caton to the Black, Kent, and Apperson families is unknown.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, 1779-1984 (bulk 1821-1948) documents the families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection comprises American Civil War letters of Dr. Harvey Black, Civil War diaries of John Apperson, records and correspondence pertaining to nineteenth-century Blacksburg residents Edwin Amiss, his sister Arabella Amiss Kent, and her husband Germanicus Kent, cotton trader and Rockford, Illinois pioneer; and account books, correspondence, and photographs of several members of the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion, Virginia. The collection is divided into the following major series: Harvey Black Papers, Black Family Papers, Germanicus Kent Papers, Black Family Business Records, John S. Apperson Papers, Mary E. Apperson Papers, Alexander Apperson Papers, and Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks.","Series I. Harvey Black Papers, 1847-1888, contains the following subseries: Diaries, Civil War Letters, General Correspondence, Medical Career Records, and Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. It also includes one photograph, ca. 1865, of Harvey Black.","Dating 1861 to 1864, the Civil War Letters document Black's experiences as a regimental surgeon in the Stonewall Brigade and as surgeon in charge of the Second Corps field hospital. The series comprises letters Black wrote to his wife Mary (Molly) in Blacksburg. Black usually wrote to his wife two to three days after a major battle and reported who, from Blacksburg, had been killed or wounded. He describes the effects of disease on the troops, looking for his brother-in-law Lewis Kent among the Union wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the delirium of Stonewall Jackson as he lay dying at Guinea Station, and the difficulties of keeping his family clothed and fed during the war.","The Diaries consist of a short diary Black kept of his journey from Christiansburg to Mexico to fight in the Mexican War and a diary of a four-month journey, on horseback, from western Virginia through West Virginia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Tennessee in the fall of 1849. The Mexican War diary details Black's trip from Christiansburg to Norfolk and eventually Buena Vista, but provides little information about serving in the war. Both diaries contain mainly Black's observations about the towns and cities he passes through. The diary of the trip west compares culture and society in Virginia and the West and references encounters with Virginians who had moved west.","General Correspondence, 1847-1871, comprises two letters Black wrote while he was studying medicine at the University of Virginia, his proposal of marriage to Mary (Molly) Kent, and a folder of letters Black received from family members between 1848 and 1871. One letter describes pioneering in Island County, Washington Territory, in 1853; and two letters from Virginia State Senator John Penn regard the establishment of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, forerunner of Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg.","The Medical Career Records, dating 1848 to 1888, documents Harvey Black's medical career before and after the Civil War and letters of recommendation for the position of Superintendent of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia and the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia. This series also contains an 1887 annual report for the Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia.","The Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College Records span the years 1870 to 1873. This small series consists of a subscription list for the Preston and Olin Institute, an early history of the founding of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, and certificates of appointment to the college's Board of Visitors.","Series II. Black Family Papers, 1779-1911 (bulk 1845-1911): Materials include an 1845 bill of sale for an enslaved girl named Adaline; an 1856 letter from Charles to Alexander Black; photographs of Alexander Black, Kent Black, and Kent's wife Mary Bell Black; a 1911 letter from Mary Kent to her children; and a quilt given to Kent Black by his medical patients, ca. 1890. Additionally, the series has the wedding register of Mary and Kent Black and an invitation to the 1885 Blacksburg Grand Annual Ball.","Series III. Germanicus Kent Papers, 1818-1899: The series comprises Germanicus Kent's cotton books and correspondence with his sons Lewis and John, his brother Aratus Kent, and his brother-in- law Edwin Amiss. The cotton books document Kent's experience as a cotton merchant based in Huntsville, Alabama, 1821 to 1823. They provide lists of cotton prices and copies of correspondence to clients in Nashville and New Orleans. The correspondence describes life in Blacksburg in the 1830s, the Kent family's decision to settle in Virginia after living in Illinois, and Kent's business investments in the west and in Blacksburg. Letters from Edwin Amiss to Arabella and Germanicus Kent pertain to Arabella Kent continuing to enslave people by inheriting her mother's estate. An 1860 letter from Germanicus Kent to Aratus Kent discusses Germanicus Kent's desire to establish contact with the man he formerly enslaved Lewis Lemon Kent, then living in Iowa.","Series IV. Black Family Business Records, 1832-1924: Account books for mercantile establishments in Blacksburg make up the bulk of this series.. It also contains an account book for A.W. Luster; a 1908 inventory for W. Stone \u0026 Son; and a copy of an undated newspaper advertisement for A. Black and Company.","Series V. John S. Apperson Papers, 1858-1915: John Apperson's Civil War Diary is the centerpiece. The diary consist of Apperson's account of his journey, in 1859, from his home in Locust Grove, Virginia to Smyth County in Southwest Virginia. In the Civil War diaries, he describes medical care of soldiers and lists monthly figures of wounded and dead for the Second Corps field hospital. He discusses going onto the battlefield after the fighting stopped at First Manassas, the scene on the morning of the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; performing his first amputation; and his efforts to continue his medical education during the Civil War. Additionally, this series contains correspondence about Apperson's business career, 1900 and 1910, a catalog for the Marion Foundry and Machine Works, and photographs of John Apperson, Elizabeth Black, and their children.","Series VI. Mary E. Apperson Papers, 1889-1977, and Series VII. Alexander Apperson Papers, 1827-1984: Research files on the Black, Kent, and Apperson families of Blacksburg and Marion compose the bulk of these two series. Materials also include publications pertaining to family history; correspondence with the Rockford, Illinois Historical Society regarding research on Germanicus Kent; correspondence related to other genealogy research; the recollections of Elizabeth Black Apperson about Blacksburg history and buildings; family photographs and a photograph, ca. 1900, of the Alexander Black house in Blacksburg; and family artifacts.","Series VIII. Harvey B. Apperson Political Scrapbooks, 1933-1950: The scrapbooks largely consist of newspaper clippings detailing Harvey B. Apperson's political career and Democratic Party politics in the Roanoke area in the 1930s and in Richmond in the 1940s. Additionally, there are letters and telegrams of congratulation Apperson received when he was appointed Attorney General of Virginia in 1947, telegrams and letters of condolence his wife received upon his death four months later, photographs, and political ephemera.","Series IX. Blacksburg Mining and Manufacturing Company, 1826-1965: Legal documents and correspondence pertain to the division of proceeds of mining investments among the Apperson descendants of Harvey Black. The series also contains maps of Black and Apperson property in Blacksburg, ca. 1949.","Series X. Assorted Papers, 1872, 1912: The last series includes two items, the Louise Caton Travel Diary, 1912, and  The Christian Union  publication, 1872. The diary of Louise Caton's four-month tour of Europe in 1912 describes her voyage from New York to Genoa on the Laxmia and from Liverpool back to New York on the Celtic. The relationship of Louise Caton to the Black, Kent, and Apperson families is unknown."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_36b4a62ab56ab232aa259e6ea40349e2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers and artifacts of an interrelated family prominent in Blacksburg's history. It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers and artifacts of an interrelated family prominent in Blacksburg's history. It includes the American Civil War letters of Confederate surgeon Dr. Harvey Black, the Civil War diary of hospital steward John S. Apperson, cotton books and correspondence of Germanicus Kent, nineteenth-century account books of a Blacksburg general store, 1912 European travel diary, and the political scrapbooks of State Senator and Attorney General Harvey B. Apperson."],"names_coll_ssim":["A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family","Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son","Apperson family","Black family","Kent family","Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","A. W. Luster","Confederate States of America. Army. Stonewall Brigade","Eastern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia","Marion Foundry and Machine Works (Marion, Va.)","Preston and Olin Institute (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southwestern Lunatic Asylum of Virginia (1887-1935)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (1872-1896)","W. Stone \u0026 Son"],"famname_ssim":["Apperson family","Black family","Kent family"],"persname_ssim":["Amiss, Edwin","Apperson, Alex","Apperson, Elizabeth Black","Apperson, Harvey Black, 1890-1948","Apperson, John Samuel, 1837-1904","Apperson, Mary","Black, Harvey, 1827-1888","Black, Kent, active 1876-1890","Black, Mary Kent, b.1836","Caton, Louise","Kent, Germanicus, 1791-1862","Lemon, Lewis","Kent, Lewis (enslaved person)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":172,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:41:45.450Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1290_c01_c08"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c04_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Virginia- General","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c04_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCoat of Arms: 6\" x 8\" page with a printed Coat of Arms and \"Virginia Council Chamber\" printed on the bottom. 5 copies. Undated. Coat of Arms and Great Seal: A pamphlet, \"The Great Seal of Virginia\" submitted to the General Assembly on February 20, 1930. Letter to Dr. Earl Gregg Swem and a letter to Dr. John E. Pomfret, President of the College of William and Mary, from E.M. Simon who designed a pre-revolutionary Coat of Arms and Seal for Colonial Williamsburg, found on the title page of the Frenchman's Map. A copy of the engraving is included. 1945. Gravesites of Distinguished Virginians: Copy of a typed report. Undated, but probably 1930's or 40's. Historical Pageants: Two copies of the official program from the Virginia Historical Pageant held in Richmond, VA, from May 22-28, 1922. \"Book of Words: The Pageant of Virginia,\" a script written by Thomas Wood Stevens, the Director of the Pageant. 1922. Legal Forms used in Harrison County and other Virginia Counties: Commission to Examine Witness, Subpoena in Chancery, Summons Petition and two others. 1800-1820. Lotteries: Virginia State Navigation Lottery ticket, Lynchburg, Virginia. 1827. Lottery advertisement from Wheeling, Virginia. Ca 1830. Military Passes: Fort Eustis, Virginia. Passes to military events. 1942 and 1943. Photographs of Virginia Houses: Booklet, \"Colonial Homes on the Historic James\" with photographs and a group of 27 photographs of houses in Virginia, with a typed list of the history of each house, sent in 1938 to Earl Gregg Swem. Tidewater Area: Map of Colonial Tidewater Virginia with a chart that shows the changing boundary lines of the counties in the 1700's. Made by William Buckner McGroarty. Sent to Earl Gregg Swem in 1947. Handwritten and typed notes by Edward W. Dodd, mainly about the Tidewater area of Virginia in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. Virginia Writer's Project: Copies of two plays. \"James Monroe of Virginia\", sponsored by The Monroe Birthplace and Monument Association and State Board of Education in 1940 and \"Let Freedom Ring, A Drama of Democracy\" sponsored by the Hopewell Chamber of Commerce in 1941.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c04_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c04_c01","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c04_c01"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c04_c01","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c04","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c04","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_1026","viw_repositories_2_resources_1026_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects","Virginia (1 of 2)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects","Virginia (1 of 2)"],"text":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects","Virginia (1 of 2)","Virginia- General","Box 3","Coat of Arms: 6\" x 8\" page with a printed Coat of Arms and \"Virginia Council Chamber\" printed on the bottom. 5 copies. Undated. Coat of Arms and Great Seal: A pamphlet, \"The Great Seal of Virginia\" submitted to the General Assembly on February 20, 1930. Letter to Dr. Earl Gregg Swem and a letter to Dr. John E. Pomfret, President of the College of William and Mary, from E.M. Simon who designed a pre-revolutionary Coat of Arms and Seal for Colonial Williamsburg, found on the title page of the Frenchman's Map. A copy of the engraving is included. 1945. Gravesites of Distinguished Virginians: Copy of a typed report. Undated, but probably 1930's or 40's. Historical Pageants: Two copies of the official program from the Virginia Historical Pageant held in Richmond, VA, from May 22-28, 1922. \"Book of Words: The Pageant of Virginia,\" a script written by Thomas Wood Stevens, the Director of the Pageant. 1922. Legal Forms used in Harrison County and other Virginia Counties: Commission to Examine Witness, Subpoena in Chancery, Summons Petition and two others. 1800-1820. Lotteries: Virginia State Navigation Lottery ticket, Lynchburg, Virginia. 1827. Lottery advertisement from Wheeling, Virginia. Ca 1830. Military Passes: Fort Eustis, Virginia. Passes to military events. 1942 and 1943. Photographs of Virginia Houses: Booklet, \"Colonial Homes on the Historic James\" with photographs and a group of 27 photographs of houses in Virginia, with a typed list of the history of each house, sent in 1938 to Earl Gregg Swem. Tidewater Area: Map of Colonial Tidewater Virginia with a chart that shows the changing boundary lines of the counties in the 1700's. Made by William Buckner McGroarty. Sent to Earl Gregg Swem in 1947. Handwritten and typed notes by Edward W. Dodd, mainly about the Tidewater area of Virginia in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. Virginia Writer's Project: Copies of two plays. \"James Monroe of Virginia\", sponsored by The Monroe Birthplace and Monument Association and State Board of Education in 1940 and \"Let Freedom Ring, A Drama of Democracy\" sponsored by the Hopewell Chamber of Commerce in 1941."],"title_filing_ssi":"Virginia- General","title_ssm":["Virginia- General"],"title_tesim":["Virginia- General"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1800-1943"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1800/1943"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia- General"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Manuscripts - Geographic Names, Business Names and Subjects"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":30,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943],"containers_ssim":["Box 3"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCoat of Arms: 6\" x 8\" page with a printed Coat of Arms and \"Virginia Council Chamber\" printed on the bottom. 5 copies. Undated. Coat of Arms and Great Seal: A pamphlet, \"The Great Seal of Virginia\" submitted to the General Assembly on February 20, 1930. Letter to Dr. Earl Gregg Swem and a letter to Dr. John E. Pomfret, President of the College of William and Mary, from E.M. Simon who designed a pre-revolutionary Coat of Arms and Seal for Colonial Williamsburg, found on the title page of the Frenchman's Map. A copy of the engraving is included. 1945. Gravesites of Distinguished Virginians: Copy of a typed report. Undated, but probably 1930's or 40's. Historical Pageants: Two copies of the official program from the Virginia Historical Pageant held in Richmond, VA, from May 22-28, 1922. \"Book of Words: The Pageant of Virginia,\" a script written by Thomas Wood Stevens, the Director of the Pageant. 1922. Legal Forms used in Harrison County and other Virginia Counties: Commission to Examine Witness, Subpoena in Chancery, Summons Petition and two others. 1800-1820. Lotteries: Virginia State Navigation Lottery ticket, Lynchburg, Virginia. 1827. Lottery advertisement from Wheeling, Virginia. Ca 1830. Military Passes: Fort Eustis, Virginia. Passes to military events. 1942 and 1943. Photographs of Virginia Houses: Booklet, \"Colonial Homes on the Historic James\" with photographs and a group of 27 photographs of houses in Virginia, with a typed list of the history of each house, sent in 1938 to Earl Gregg Swem. Tidewater Area: Map of Colonial Tidewater Virginia with a chart that shows the changing boundary lines of the counties in the 1700's. Made by William Buckner McGroarty. Sent to Earl Gregg Swem in 1947. Handwritten and typed notes by Edward W. Dodd, mainly about the Tidewater area of Virginia in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. Virginia Writer's Project: Copies of two plays. \"James Monroe of Virginia\", sponsored by The Monroe Birthplace and Monument Association and State Board of Education in 1940 and \"Let Freedom Ring, A Drama of Democracy\" sponsored by the Hopewell Chamber of Commerce in 1941.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Coat of Arms: 6\" x 8\" page with a printed Coat of Arms and \"Virginia Council Chamber\" printed on the bottom. 5 copies. Undated. Coat of Arms and Great Seal: A pamphlet, \"The Great Seal of Virginia\" submitted to the General Assembly on February 20, 1930. Letter to Dr. Earl Gregg Swem and a letter to Dr. John E. Pomfret, President of the College of William and Mary, from E.M. Simon who designed a pre-revolutionary Coat of Arms and Seal for Colonial Williamsburg, found on the title page of the Frenchman's Map. A copy of the engraving is included. 1945. Gravesites of Distinguished Virginians: Copy of a typed report. Undated, but probably 1930's or 40's. Historical Pageants: Two copies of the official program from the Virginia Historical Pageant held in Richmond, VA, from May 22-28, 1922. \"Book of Words: The Pageant of Virginia,\" a script written by Thomas Wood Stevens, the Director of the Pageant. 1922. Legal Forms used in Harrison County and other Virginia Counties: Commission to Examine Witness, Subpoena in Chancery, Summons Petition and two others. 1800-1820. Lotteries: Virginia State Navigation Lottery ticket, Lynchburg, Virginia. 1827. Lottery advertisement from Wheeling, Virginia. Ca 1830. Military Passes: Fort Eustis, Virginia. Passes to military events. 1942 and 1943. Photographs of Virginia Houses: Booklet, \"Colonial Homes on the Historic James\" with photographs and a group of 27 photographs of houses in Virginia, with a typed list of the history of each house, sent in 1938 to Earl Gregg Swem. Tidewater Area: Map of Colonial Tidewater Virginia with a chart that shows the changing boundary lines of the counties in the 1700's. Made by William Buckner McGroarty. Sent to Earl Gregg Swem in 1947. Handwritten and typed notes by Edward W. Dodd, mainly about the Tidewater area of Virginia in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. 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