{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1877\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library\u0026page=5","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1877\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library\u0026page=4","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1877\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library\u0026page=6","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1877\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library\u0026page=22"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":5,"next_page":6,"prev_page":4,"total_pages":22,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":40,"total_count":220,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_30_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Clippings","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_30_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_30_c02","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_30_c02"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_30_c02","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_30","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_30","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_30","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_30","parent_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_30"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_30"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["St. John's Academy Records (MS004)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["St. John's Academy Records (MS004)"],"text":["St. John's Academy Records (MS004)","Clippings"],"title_filing_ssi":"Clippings","title_ssm":["Clippings"],"title_tesim":["Clippings"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1840-1899"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1840/1899"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clippings"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["St. John's Academy Records (MS004)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":5,"date_range_isim":[1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:09:43.684Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_30","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_30","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_30","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_30","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_30.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/30","title_ssm":["St. John's Academy Records (MS004)"],"title_tesim":["St. John's Academy Records (MS004)"],"unitdate_ssm":[" 1833-1899 "],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":[" 1833-1899 "],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS004"],"text":["MS004","St. John's Academy Records (MS004)","The Academy Journal","Schools -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","The collection is divided into the following eight series, arranged as indicated within parentheses:\nSeries I: Student Activities (alphabetical)\nSeries II: Clippings, 1840-1899 (chronological by year)\nSeries III: Miscellaneous (alphabetical)\nSeries IV: The Academy Journal, 1866-1885 (chronological by year)\nSeries V: Student Records, 1833-1896 (chronological)\nSeries VI: Registers of Students\nSeries VII: Course Catalogues\nSeries VIII: Christmas Cards","St. John's Academy was established in 1833, and moved to a location at 57 South Royal Street (on the corner of Duke Street) in 1834. 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The collection is further split by size, with two additional oversized boxes containing materials from the same subjects as listed below.","The subjects are described as follows:","African-American History\n Alexandria-Juvenile\n Businesses\n Civil War and Reconstruction\n Collectables\n Culture\n Events\n Fire\n Government\n Historic Places\n Library\n Magazines\n Organizations\n Personal Business\n Personal\n Politics\n Railroads\n Religion\n Schools\n Tourism and Foodways\n Transportation"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe manuscripts vertical file is an artificial collection containing a wide variety of unique manuscript items relating to Alexandria, Virginia residents, businesses, organizations, and history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the items are manuscript pages but the collection also includes books and ephemera. It is strong in local business advertisements, stationary, and records as well as correspondence, legal and financial papers, memorabilia, and school-related documents. The majority of the documents date from the 19th century, although 18th and 20th century documents are also present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome notable documents include: a book of auction records from 1837-1840 including sales of houses, ships, and slaves; an apothecary formula book, several examples of late-18th century legal papers, Civil War passes into Washington for the Leadbeater family, an Alexandria High School student exercise book from 1859-1863, apprenticeship indentures, an 1841 retrocession petition, and records of fires in the city from the 1930s and 1950s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The manuscripts vertical file is an artificial collection containing a wide variety of unique manuscript items relating to Alexandria, Virginia residents, businesses, organizations, and history.","The majority of the items are manuscript pages but the collection also includes books and ephemera. It is strong in local business advertisements, stationary, and records as well as correspondence, legal and financial papers, memorabilia, and school-related documents. The majority of the documents date from the 19th century, although 18th and 20th century documents are also present.","Some notable documents include: a book of auction records from 1837-1840 including sales of houses, ships, and slaves; an apothecary formula book, several examples of late-18th century legal papers, Civil War passes into Washington for the Leadbeater family, an Alexandria High School student exercise book from 1859-1863, apprenticeship indentures, an 1841 retrocession petition, and records of fires in the city from the 1930s and 1950s."],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Cazenove Family","Cazenove, Harriot E., 1823-1896","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"famname_ssim":["Cazenove Family"],"persname_ssim":["Cazenove, Harriot E., 1823-1896","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":683,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-12T20:06:47.977Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c05"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c10","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Collectables-Stocks","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c10#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c10","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c10"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c10","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","parent_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"text":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)","Collectables-Stocks","Cazenove Family","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","English","box 6"],"title_filing_ssi":"Collectables-Stocks","title_ssm":["Collectables-Stocks"],"title_tesim":["Collectables-Stocks"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1793-1956"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Collectables-Stocks"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":13,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":241,"date_range_isim":[1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"names_ssim":["Cazenove Family","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852"],"famname_ssim":["Cazenove Family","Cazenove Family","Cazenove Family"],"persname_ssim":["Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852"],"language_ssim":["English"],"containers_ssim":["box 6"],"_nest_path_":"/components#9","timestamp":"2026-05-12T20:06:47.977Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_89.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/89","title_ssm":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1767-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1767-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS240","/repositories/2/resources/89"],"text":["MS240","/repositories/2/resources/89","Alexandria History Collection (MS240)","Formerly titled \"Vertical File (Manuscript) Collection\"","The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject. The collection is further split by size, with two additional oversized boxes containing materials from the same subjects as listed below.","The subjects are described as follows:","African-American History\n Alexandria-Juvenile\n Businesses\n Civil War and Reconstruction\n Collectables\n Culture\n Events\n Fire\n Government\n Historic Places\n Library\n Magazines\n Organizations\n Personal Business\n Personal\n Politics\n Railroads\n Religion\n Schools\n Tourism and Foodways\n Transportation","The manuscripts vertical file is an artificial collection containing a wide variety of unique manuscript items relating to Alexandria, Virginia residents, businesses, organizations, and history.","The majority of the items are manuscript pages but the collection also includes books and ephemera. It is strong in local business advertisements, stationary, and records as well as correspondence, legal and financial papers, memorabilia, and school-related documents. The majority of the documents date from the 19th century, although 18th and 20th century documents are also present.","Some notable documents include: a book of auction records from 1837-1840 including sales of houses, ships, and slaves; an apothecary formula book, several examples of late-18th century legal papers, Civil War passes into Washington for the Leadbeater family, an Alexandria High School student exercise book from 1859-1863, apprenticeship indentures, an 1841 retrocession petition, and records of fires in the city from the 1930s and 1950s.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Cazenove Family","Cazenove, Harriot E., 1823-1896","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS240","/repositories/2/resources/89"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was created circa 1976 and was expanded over many years through small donations and acquisitions. Accession information is unavailable for many of the items in the collection."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.75 Cubic Feet 14.5 legal size, 2 oversize"],"extent_tesim":["8.75 Cubic Feet 14.5 legal size, 2 oversize"],"dimensions_tesim":["Oversize boxes 24.75x20.75x3.5"],"date_range_isim":[1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFormerly titled \"Vertical File (Manuscript) Collection\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by subject. The collection is further split by size, with two additional oversized boxes containing materials from the same subjects as listed below.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe subjects are described as follows:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American History\n\u003cbr\u003eAlexandria-Juvenile\n\u003cbr\u003eBusinesses\n\u003cbr\u003eCivil War and Reconstruction\n\u003cbr\u003eCollectables\n\u003cbr\u003eCulture\n\u003cbr\u003eEvents\n\u003cbr\u003eFire\n\u003cbr\u003eGovernment\n\u003cbr\u003eHistoric Places\n\u003cbr\u003eLibrary\n\u003cbr\u003eMagazines\n\u003cbr\u003eOrganizations\n\u003cbr\u003ePersonal Business\n\u003cbr\u003ePersonal\n\u003cbr\u003ePolitics\n\u003cbr\u003eRailroads\n\u003cbr\u003eReligion\n\u003cbr\u003eSchools\n\u003cbr\u003eTourism and Foodways\n\u003cbr\u003eTransportation\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Formerly titled \"Vertical File (Manuscript) Collection\"","The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject. The collection is further split by size, with two additional oversized boxes containing materials from the same subjects as listed below.","The subjects are described as follows:","African-American History\n Alexandria-Juvenile\n Businesses\n Civil War and Reconstruction\n Collectables\n Culture\n Events\n Fire\n Government\n Historic Places\n Library\n Magazines\n Organizations\n Personal Business\n Personal\n Politics\n Railroads\n Religion\n Schools\n Tourism and Foodways\n Transportation"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe manuscripts vertical file is an artificial collection containing a wide variety of unique manuscript items relating to Alexandria, Virginia residents, businesses, organizations, and history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the items are manuscript pages but the collection also includes books and ephemera. It is strong in local business advertisements, stationary, and records as well as correspondence, legal and financial papers, memorabilia, and school-related documents. The majority of the documents date from the 19th century, although 18th and 20th century documents are also present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome notable documents include: a book of auction records from 1837-1840 including sales of houses, ships, and slaves; an apothecary formula book, several examples of late-18th century legal papers, Civil War passes into Washington for the Leadbeater family, an Alexandria High School student exercise book from 1859-1863, apprenticeship indentures, an 1841 retrocession petition, and records of fires in the city from the 1930s and 1950s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The manuscripts vertical file is an artificial collection containing a wide variety of unique manuscript items relating to Alexandria, Virginia residents, businesses, organizations, and history.","The majority of the items are manuscript pages but the collection also includes books and ephemera. It is strong in local business advertisements, stationary, and records as well as correspondence, legal and financial papers, memorabilia, and school-related documents. The majority of the documents date from the 19th century, although 18th and 20th century documents are also present.","Some notable documents include: a book of auction records from 1837-1840 including sales of houses, ships, and slaves; an apothecary formula book, several examples of late-18th century legal papers, Civil War passes into Washington for the Leadbeater family, an Alexandria High School student exercise book from 1859-1863, apprenticeship indentures, an 1841 retrocession petition, and records of fires in the city from the 1930s and 1950s."],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Cazenove Family","Cazenove, Harriot E., 1823-1896","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"famname_ssim":["Cazenove Family"],"persname_ssim":["Cazenove, Harriot E., 1823-1896","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":683,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-12T20:06:47.977Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89_c10"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72_c02_c04","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Columbia Engine Co. #4--Typescript of Old Record Book","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72_c02_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72_c02_c04","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72_c02_c04"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72_c02_c04","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72_c02","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72_c02","parent_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Charles L. Sampson Collection (MS126)","Series II: Engine Companies, 1861 - 1984"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Charles L. Sampson Collection (MS126)","Series II: Engine Companies, 1861 - 1984"],"text":["Charles L. Sampson Collection (MS126)","Series II: Engine Companies, 1861 - 1984","Columbia Engine Co. #4--Typescript of Old Record Book","box 1","folder 8"],"title_filing_ssi":"Columbia Engine Co. #4--Typescript of Old Record Book","title_ssm":["Columbia Engine Co. #4--Typescript of Old Record Book"],"title_tesim":["Columbia Engine Co. #4--Typescript of Old Record Book"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1872-1967"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1872/1967"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Columbia Engine Co. #4--Typescript of Old Record Book"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Charles L. Sampson Collection (MS126)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":10,"date_range_isim":[1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#3","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:09:56.186Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_72.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/72","title_ssm":["Charles L. Sampson Collection (MS126)"],"title_tesim":["Charles L. Sampson Collection (MS126)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1836-1986"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1836-1986"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS126"],"text":["MS126","Charles L. Sampson Collection (MS126)","Fire departments -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Fires -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Arrangement is by subject and divided into the following eight series.","I. Alexandria Fire Department Miscellaneous\nThis series contains miscellaneous materials about the Alexandria Fire Department and general information.","II. Engine Companies\nThis series contains items pertaining to the history of the Alexandria Fire Department and its individual engine companies. The series is further divided into the following categories: \nIndividual Engine Company Names (ex: Columbia Engine Co. #4); General, which contains information relevant to all the engine companies; and, the Research Notes of William Hellmuth.","III. Events\nThis series contains items pertaining to particular fires that occurred in Alexandria and are\norganized chronologically.","IV. Miscellaneous\nThis series contains all items which do not directly relate to the Alexandria Fire Department and\nincludes general notes and articles on firefighting.","V. Record Books\nThis series contains bound volumes containing logs, minutes, membership rolls and financial information.","VI. Scrapbooks\nThis series consists of scrapbooks containing news clippings relating to the Alexandria Fire Department from 1966-1986.","VII. Photographs\nThis series of Sampson's photographs includes some fire department related materials but also photos featuring Alexandria in general.","VIII. Scrapbook Photographs\nPhotos of different places in Alexandria, generally identified by street.","Charles L. Sampson was a member of the Alexandria Volunteer Fire Department for over 40 years and was particularly associated with Columbia Engine Company #4. Interested in the history of the Alexandria Fire Department, Sampson obtained the research papers of another volunteer fireman named William F. Hellmuth. Sampson's papers stem from Hellmuth's research.","The collection contains the combined research papers of Charles L. Sampson and William F. Hellmuth. Sampson compiled and rewrote much of Hellmuth's research, producing short histories on the individual engine companies of the Alexandria Fire Department. Sampson also typescripted many articles from the Alexandria Gazette as well as primary documents like the Auditor's Annual Statement (1893) and correspondence. In addition to the research papers, the collection also contains correspondence from the Columbia Engine Co. #4 and the Alexandria Fire Department, meeting minutes, certificates, articles, and a few pictures. Sampson's research primarily covers the history of the Alexandria Fire Department from its beginning in 1774 with the organization of the Friendship Company to the 1960's. It also bound volumes of minutes, accounts, and other records from various fire companies and scrapbooks of news clippings about the department. The collection also includes Sampson's photographs covering not only fire related subjects but also Alexandria in general.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Sampson, Charles L. (Charles Levi), 1915-2001","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS126"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles L. Sampson Collection (MS126)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles L. Sampson Collection (MS126)"],"collection_ssim":["Charles L. Sampson Collection (MS126)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"creator_ssm":["Sampson, Charles L. (Charles Levi), 1915-2001"],"creator_ssim":["Sampson, Charles L. (Charles Levi), 1915-2001"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sampson, Charles L. (Charles Levi), 1915-2001"],"creators_ssim":["Sampson, Charles L. (Charles Levi), 1915-2001"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Fire departments -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Fires -- Virginia -- Alexandria"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Fire departments -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Fires -- Virginia -- Alexandria"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.94 Cubic Feet 11 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6.94 Cubic Feet 11 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArrangement is by subject and divided into the following eight series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI. Alexandria Fire Department Miscellaneous\nThis series contains miscellaneous materials about the Alexandria Fire Department and general information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eII. Engine Companies\nThis series contains items pertaining to the history of the Alexandria Fire Department and its individual engine companies. The series is further divided into the following categories: \nIndividual Engine Company Names (ex: Columbia Engine Co. #4); General, which contains information relevant to all the engine companies; and, the Research Notes of William Hellmuth.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIII. Events\nThis series contains items pertaining to particular fires that occurred in Alexandria and are\norganized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIV. Miscellaneous\nThis series contains all items which do not directly relate to the Alexandria Fire Department and\nincludes general notes and articles on firefighting.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eV. Record Books\nThis series contains bound volumes containing logs, minutes, membership rolls and financial information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVI. Scrapbooks\nThis series consists of scrapbooks containing news clippings relating to the Alexandria Fire Department from 1966-1986.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVII. Photographs\nThis series of Sampson's photographs includes some fire department related materials but also photos featuring Alexandria in general.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVIII. Scrapbook Photographs\nPhotos of different places in Alexandria, generally identified by street.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arrangement is by subject and divided into the following eight series.","I. Alexandria Fire Department Miscellaneous\nThis series contains miscellaneous materials about the Alexandria Fire Department and general information.","II. Engine Companies\nThis series contains items pertaining to the history of the Alexandria Fire Department and its individual engine companies. The series is further divided into the following categories: \nIndividual Engine Company Names (ex: Columbia Engine Co. #4); General, which contains information relevant to all the engine companies; and, the Research Notes of William Hellmuth.","III. Events\nThis series contains items pertaining to particular fires that occurred in Alexandria and are\norganized chronologically.","IV. Miscellaneous\nThis series contains all items which do not directly relate to the Alexandria Fire Department and\nincludes general notes and articles on firefighting.","V. Record Books\nThis series contains bound volumes containing logs, minutes, membership rolls and financial information.","VI. Scrapbooks\nThis series consists of scrapbooks containing news clippings relating to the Alexandria Fire Department from 1966-1986.","VII. Photographs\nThis series of Sampson's photographs includes some fire department related materials but also photos featuring Alexandria in general.","VIII. Scrapbook Photographs\nPhotos of different places in Alexandria, generally identified by street."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles L. Sampson was a member of the Alexandria Volunteer Fire Department for over 40 years and was particularly associated with Columbia Engine Company #4. Interested in the history of the Alexandria Fire Department, Sampson obtained the research papers of another volunteer fireman named William F. Hellmuth. Sampson's papers stem from Hellmuth's research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles L. Sampson was a member of the Alexandria Volunteer Fire Department for over 40 years and was particularly associated with Columbia Engine Company #4. Interested in the history of the Alexandria Fire Department, Sampson obtained the research papers of another volunteer fireman named William F. Hellmuth. Sampson's papers stem from Hellmuth's research."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains the combined research papers of Charles L. Sampson and William F. Hellmuth. Sampson compiled and rewrote much of Hellmuth's research, producing short histories on the individual engine companies of the Alexandria Fire Department. Sampson also typescripted many articles from the Alexandria Gazette as well as primary documents like the Auditor's Annual Statement (1893) and correspondence. In addition to the research papers, the collection also contains correspondence from the Columbia Engine Co. #4 and the Alexandria Fire Department, meeting minutes, certificates, articles, and a few pictures. Sampson's research primarily covers the history of the Alexandria Fire Department from its beginning in 1774 with the organization of the Friendship Company to the 1960's. It also bound volumes of minutes, accounts, and other records from various fire companies and scrapbooks of news clippings about the department. The collection also includes Sampson's photographs covering not only fire related subjects but also Alexandria in general.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains the combined research papers of Charles L. Sampson and William F. Hellmuth. Sampson compiled and rewrote much of Hellmuth's research, producing short histories on the individual engine companies of the Alexandria Fire Department. Sampson also typescripted many articles from the Alexandria Gazette as well as primary documents like the Auditor's Annual Statement (1893) and correspondence. In addition to the research papers, the collection also contains correspondence from the Columbia Engine Co. #4 and the Alexandria Fire Department, meeting minutes, certificates, articles, and a few pictures. Sampson's research primarily covers the history of the Alexandria Fire Department from its beginning in 1774 with the organization of the Friendship Company to the 1960's. It also bound volumes of minutes, accounts, and other records from various fire companies and scrapbooks of news clippings about the department. The collection also includes Sampson's photographs covering not only fire related subjects but also Alexandria in general."],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Sampson, Charles L. (Charles Levi), 1915-2001"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"persname_ssim":["Sampson, Charles L. (Charles Levi), 1915-2001"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":77,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:09:56.186Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_72_c02_c04"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_65_c05","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Correspondence","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_65_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_65_c05","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_65_c05"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_65_c05","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_65","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_65","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_65","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_65","parent_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_65"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_65"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Timothy J. O'Sullivan Papers (MS087)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Timothy J. O'Sullivan Papers (MS087)"],"text":["Timothy J. O'Sullivan Papers (MS087)","Correspondence","box 1","folder 5"],"title_filing_ssi":"Correspondence","title_ssm":["Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1876-1878"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1876/1878"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Timothy J. O'Sullivan Papers (MS087)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":5,"date_range_isim":[1876,1877,1878],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 5"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:09:32.689Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_65","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_65","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_65","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_65","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_65.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/65","title_ssm":["Timothy J. O'Sullivan Papers (MS087)"],"title_tesim":["Timothy J. O'Sullivan Papers (MS087)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1867-1893"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1867-1893"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS087"],"text":["MS087","Timothy J. O'Sullivan Papers (MS087)","Cartography","Geodesy -- United States -- Virginia -- Alexandria","United States. Coast Guard","O'Sullivan was a native Alexandrian (?) and an expert draftsman and surveyor. He was born May 14th, 1855, and lived in New York from 1871 until 1881, when he secured a job with the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey in Washington DC. In 1881, when fire destroyed the north side of the 700 block of Alexandria's Gibbon Street, O'Sullivan drew the plans for two replacement houses. He died of consumption in March 1886.","Daniel O'Sullivan Collection (MS141)","This collection is comprised almost entirely of correspondence relating to O'Sullivan's work with the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey during the late 19th century.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","O'Sullivan, T. J. (Timothy Joseph), 1855-1887","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS087"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Timothy J. O'Sullivan Papers (MS087)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Timothy J. O'Sullivan Papers (MS087)"],"collection_ssim":["Timothy J. O'Sullivan Papers (MS087)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"creator_ssm":["O'Sullivan, T. J. (Timothy Joseph), 1855-1887"],"creator_ssim":["O'Sullivan, T. J. (Timothy Joseph), 1855-1887"],"creator_persname_ssim":["O'Sullivan, T. J. (Timothy Joseph), 1855-1887"],"creators_ssim":["O'Sullivan, T. J. (Timothy Joseph), 1855-1887"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cartography","Geodesy -- United States -- Virginia -- Alexandria","United States. Coast Guard"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cartography","Geodesy -- United States -- Virginia -- Alexandria","United States. Coast Guard"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".46 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":[".46 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eO'Sullivan was a native Alexandrian (?) and an expert draftsman and surveyor. He was born May 14th, 1855, and lived in New York from 1871 until 1881, when he secured a job with the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey in Washington DC. In 1881, when fire destroyed the north side of the 700 block of Alexandria's Gibbon Street, O'Sullivan drew the plans for two replacement houses. He died of consumption in March 1886.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["O'Sullivan was a native Alexandrian (?) and an expert draftsman and surveyor. He was born May 14th, 1855, and lived in New York from 1871 until 1881, when he secured a job with the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey in Washington DC. In 1881, when fire destroyed the north side of the 700 block of Alexandria's Gibbon Street, O'Sullivan drew the plans for two replacement houses. He died of consumption in March 1886."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/77\" show=\"new\" actuate=\"onrequest\"\u003eDaniel O'Sullivan Collection (MS141)\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Daniel O'Sullivan Collection (MS141)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is comprised almost entirely of correspondence relating to O'Sullivan's work with the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey during the late 19th century.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection is comprised almost entirely of correspondence relating to O'Sullivan's work with the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey during the late 19th century."],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","O'Sullivan, T. J. (Timothy Joseph), 1855-1887"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"persname_ssim":["O'Sullivan, T. J. (Timothy Joseph), 1855-1887"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:09:32.689Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_65_c05"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12_c01_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Correspondence","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12_c01_c01"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12_c01","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12_c01","parent_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Helen Norris Cummings Papers (MS072)","Series I: Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Helen Norris Cummings Papers (MS072)","Series I: Correspondence"],"text":["Helen Norris Cummings Papers (MS072)","Series I: Correspondence","Correspondence","box 1","folder 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"Correspondence","title_ssm":["Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1870-1888"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1870/1888"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Helen Norris Cummings Papers (MS072)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2,"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:09:43.684Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_12.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/12","title_ssm":["Helen Norris Cummings Papers (MS072)"],"title_tesim":["Helen Norris Cummings Papers (MS072)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865-1949"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1865-1949"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS072"],"text":["MS072","Helen Norris Cummings Papers (MS072)","Americanization.","Industrial Defense Association","Colonial Dames of America","Anti-communist movements -- United States.","Antisemitism -- United States.","American Defense Society.","Virginia Federation of Women's Clubs ","Daughters of the American Revolution -- Alexandria (Va.)","Auxiliary National Patriotic Council ","Council of the Original Thirteen States","Churchwoman's Patriotic League","Movement Against Socialism in the Church","Cameron Club","National Patriotic Council","This collection is organized into five series: Correspondence, Subject Files, Personal/Family, Oversize, and Bound Volumes. Also, at the end of the collection (Boxes 72V and 72W) are two boxes of unidentified photo plates.","Helen Norris Cummings, daughter of Norris Cummings (1834-1904) and Emma Ricketts Cummings (d. 1930), resided in Alexandria from about 1894 until 1949, the time of her death. The family came from Philadelphia, where Norris had been involved in \"William Cummings and Son,\" his family's international shipping business. Helen was active in community affairs. In 1894 she founded the Cameron Club, a member of the Federation of Women's Clubs. (See Cameron Club Collection). She also held various positions in the Virginia Federation of Women's Clubs. Much of her activity within the clubs, particularly starting around 1920, was devoted to tracking communist, socialist, and jewish groups and dispersing anti-radical literature within her womens groups.","This collection consists of the research materials of Helen Norris Cummings, founder of the Cameron Club, member of the Federation of Women's Club, and local historian.","The correspondence spans the period from 1870 to 1943. Most of the pre-1905 letters deal with genealogy, and the majority of these are addressed to Emma, Helen's mother. Approximately half of the 1905 to 1920 letters are also Emma's. Many of Helen's letters deal with political issues, such as immigration and radicalism. Box 72E Folder 4 contains numerous letters from congressmen. These appear to be responses to her comments on immigration. Among the agencies from which she received letters are the National Republic, The Movement Against Socialism in the Church, and the Industrial Defense Association. \nThe subject files contain mostly printed matter and a few pieces of correspondence and appear to largely center aroound communist and socialist activity. They served to keep track of supposed subversive activity by groups and people that were either openly or suspected socialists, or communists. This material was not only for personal reference, but was shared amongst the many womens groups she was a part of.\n    These files are divided into two subseries: \"Subject-Who's Who\" and \"Subject.\" Handwritten notes on many documents indicate that Helen kept files on (at least) people, legislation, nations, and organizations. She wrote \"Who's Who\" on materials relating to particular individuals. Only part of the index to her files remains. It appears that she divided the subjects into broad topics and then alphabetized them within each topic. According to the surviving index (Box 72N Folder 15), File #5 was \"Patriotism and History,\" and File #3 was \"Radicalism.\" Because it is impossible to reconstruct the entire filing system, the folder titles reflect either folders that remained from her file cabinets, or were created because Cummings labelled papers. For example, when Lloyd House received this collection there was not a folder labelled \"Labor.\" One was created, however, because Helen wrote \"Labor\" at the top of a pamphlet. \nThe miscellaneous sections at the end of each subseries are a catch-all, not created by Helen. Because of the overlap of people with subjects, and subjects with other subjects, information in folders are not exclusive. For example, there is a \"Who's Who\" folder on Earl Browder, the Communist Party's candidate for president in 1936 and 1940. These is also a \"Subject\" folder on the Communist Party. Necessarily, these two overlap. The folders \"Trials,\" \"Citizenship,\" \"Immigration,\" and \"Constitution-U.S.\" contain articles about, or letters to newspaper editors, written by Helen. Several folders, particularly \"Immigration,\" and \"Subsidiary Movements,\" contain issues of \"The Daily Data Sheet of the Key Men in America.\" The purpose of these appears to provide information about Communist and Socialist activities in the U.S. At least one clipping in the subject files was printed after Helen's death. This may have occurred because Esther Green continued to maintain these files. \nThe Personal/Family series contains genealogical information, as well as obituaries of Helen, Norris, William Cummings (Helen's grandfather), and various other relatives. \nThe oversize materials include a clip sheet from the National Patriotic Council and approximately a dozen posters in Russian. There are also a few anti-Communism and anti- Socialism posters. \nThe bound volumes include Helen's diaries from 1894 to 1929 (not a complete set), an account book, a letter book, a prayer book, and an autograph book. ","Photos were transferred to the photograph collection. The photos from this collection and the Esther Green Collection are mixed. Also, papers relating to the Ricketts family are now in the Ricketts Collection.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Cummings, Helen Norris, 1865-1949","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS072"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Helen Norris Cummings Papers (MS072)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Helen Norris Cummings Papers (MS072)"],"collection_ssim":["Helen Norris Cummings Papers (MS072)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Americanization."],"geogname_ssim":["Americanization."],"creator_ssm":["Cummings, Helen Norris, 1865-1949"],"creator_ssim":["Cummings, Helen Norris, 1865-1949"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cummings, Helen Norris, 1865-1949"],"creators_ssim":["Cummings, Helen Norris, 1865-1949"],"places_ssim":["Americanization."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Industrial Defense Association","Colonial Dames of America","Anti-communist movements -- United States.","Antisemitism -- United States.","American Defense Society.","Virginia Federation of Women's Clubs ","Daughters of the American Revolution -- Alexandria (Va.)","Auxiliary National Patriotic Council ","Council of the Original Thirteen States","Churchwoman's Patriotic League","Movement Against Socialism in the Church","Cameron Club","National Patriotic Council"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Industrial Defense Association","Colonial Dames of America","Anti-communist movements -- United States.","Antisemitism -- United States.","American Defense Society.","Virginia Federation of Women's Clubs ","Daughters of the American Revolution -- Alexandria (Va.)","Auxiliary National Patriotic Council ","Council of the Original Thirteen States","Churchwoman's Patriotic League","Movement Against Socialism in the Church","Cameron Club","National Patriotic Council"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10.97 Cubic Feet 25 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["10.97 Cubic Feet 25 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized into five series: Correspondence, Subject Files, Personal/Family, Oversize, and Bound Volumes. Also, at the end of the collection (Boxes 72V and 72W) are two boxes of unidentified photo plates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized into five series: Correspondence, Subject Files, Personal/Family, Oversize, and Bound Volumes. Also, at the end of the collection (Boxes 72V and 72W) are two boxes of unidentified photo plates."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen Norris Cummings, daughter of Norris Cummings (1834-1904) and Emma Ricketts Cummings (d. 1930), resided in Alexandria from about 1894 until 1949, the time of her death. The family came from Philadelphia, where Norris had been involved in \"William Cummings and Son,\" his family's international shipping business. Helen was active in community affairs. In 1894 she founded the Cameron Club, a member of the Federation of Women's Clubs. (See Cameron Club Collection). She also held various positions in the Virginia Federation of Women's Clubs. Much of her activity within the clubs, particularly starting around 1920, was devoted to tracking communist, socialist, and jewish groups and dispersing anti-radical literature within her womens groups.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Helen Norris Cummings, daughter of Norris Cummings (1834-1904) and Emma Ricketts Cummings (d. 1930), resided in Alexandria from about 1894 until 1949, the time of her death. The family came from Philadelphia, where Norris had been involved in \"William Cummings and Son,\" his family's international shipping business. Helen was active in community affairs. In 1894 she founded the Cameron Club, a member of the Federation of Women's Clubs. (See Cameron Club Collection). She also held various positions in the Virginia Federation of Women's Clubs. Much of her activity within the clubs, particularly starting around 1920, was devoted to tracking communist, socialist, and jewish groups and dispersing anti-radical literature within her womens groups."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item identification], Helen Norris Cummings Papers, Ms. 72, Alexandria Library, Local History/Special Collections, Alexandria, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item identification], Helen Norris Cummings Papers, Ms. 72, Alexandria Library, Local History/Special Collections, Alexandria, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the research materials of Helen Norris Cummings, founder of the Cameron Club, member of the Federation of Women's Club, and local historian.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence spans the period from 1870 to 1943. Most of the pre-1905 letters deal with genealogy, and the majority of these are addressed to Emma, Helen's mother. Approximately half of the 1905 to 1920 letters are also Emma's. Many of Helen's letters deal with political issues, such as immigration and radicalism. Box 72E Folder 4 contains numerous letters from congressmen. These appear to be responses to her comments on immigration. Among the agencies from which she received letters are the National Republic, The Movement Against Socialism in the Church, and the Industrial Defense Association. \nThe subject files contain mostly printed matter and a few pieces of correspondence and appear to largely center aroound communist and socialist activity. They served to keep track of supposed subversive activity by groups and people that were either openly or suspected socialists, or communists. This material was not only for personal reference, but was shared amongst the many womens groups she was a part of.\n    These files are divided into two subseries: \"Subject-Who's Who\" and \"Subject.\" Handwritten notes on many documents indicate that Helen kept files on (at least) people, legislation, nations, and organizations. She wrote \"Who's Who\" on materials relating to particular individuals. Only part of the index to her files remains. It appears that she divided the subjects into broad topics and then alphabetized them within each topic. According to the surviving index (Box 72N Folder 15), File #5 was \"Patriotism and History,\" and File #3 was \"Radicalism.\" Because it is impossible to reconstruct the entire filing system, the folder titles reflect either folders that remained from her file cabinets, or were created because Cummings labelled papers. For example, when Lloyd House received this collection there was not a folder labelled \"Labor.\" One was created, however, because Helen wrote \"Labor\" at the top of a pamphlet. \nThe miscellaneous sections at the end of each subseries are a catch-all, not created by Helen. Because of the overlap of people with subjects, and subjects with other subjects, information in folders are not exclusive. For example, there is a \"Who's Who\" folder on Earl Browder, the Communist Party's candidate for president in 1936 and 1940. These is also a \"Subject\" folder on the Communist Party. Necessarily, these two overlap. The folders \"Trials,\" \"Citizenship,\" \"Immigration,\" and \"Constitution-U.S.\" contain articles about, or letters to newspaper editors, written by Helen. Several folders, particularly \"Immigration,\" and \"Subsidiary Movements,\" contain issues of \"The Daily Data Sheet of the Key Men in America.\" The purpose of these appears to provide information about Communist and Socialist activities in the U.S. At least one clipping in the subject files was printed after Helen's death. This may have occurred because Esther Green continued to maintain these files. \nThe Personal/Family series contains genealogical information, as well as obituaries of Helen, Norris, William Cummings (Helen's grandfather), and various other relatives. \nThe oversize materials include a clip sheet from the National Patriotic Council and approximately a dozen posters in Russian. There are also a few anti-Communism and anti- Socialism posters. \nThe bound volumes include Helen's diaries from 1894 to 1929 (not a complete set), an account book, a letter book, a prayer book, and an autograph book. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the research materials of Helen Norris Cummings, founder of the Cameron Club, member of the Federation of Women's Club, and local historian.","The correspondence spans the period from 1870 to 1943. Most of the pre-1905 letters deal with genealogy, and the majority of these are addressed to Emma, Helen's mother. Approximately half of the 1905 to 1920 letters are also Emma's. Many of Helen's letters deal with political issues, such as immigration and radicalism. Box 72E Folder 4 contains numerous letters from congressmen. These appear to be responses to her comments on immigration. Among the agencies from which she received letters are the National Republic, The Movement Against Socialism in the Church, and the Industrial Defense Association. \nThe subject files contain mostly printed matter and a few pieces of correspondence and appear to largely center aroound communist and socialist activity. They served to keep track of supposed subversive activity by groups and people that were either openly or suspected socialists, or communists. This material was not only for personal reference, but was shared amongst the many womens groups she was a part of.\n    These files are divided into two subseries: \"Subject-Who's Who\" and \"Subject.\" Handwritten notes on many documents indicate that Helen kept files on (at least) people, legislation, nations, and organizations. She wrote \"Who's Who\" on materials relating to particular individuals. Only part of the index to her files remains. It appears that she divided the subjects into broad topics and then alphabetized them within each topic. According to the surviving index (Box 72N Folder 15), File #5 was \"Patriotism and History,\" and File #3 was \"Radicalism.\" Because it is impossible to reconstruct the entire filing system, the folder titles reflect either folders that remained from her file cabinets, or were created because Cummings labelled papers. For example, when Lloyd House received this collection there was not a folder labelled \"Labor.\" One was created, however, because Helen wrote \"Labor\" at the top of a pamphlet. \nThe miscellaneous sections at the end of each subseries are a catch-all, not created by Helen. Because of the overlap of people with subjects, and subjects with other subjects, information in folders are not exclusive. For example, there is a \"Who's Who\" folder on Earl Browder, the Communist Party's candidate for president in 1936 and 1940. These is also a \"Subject\" folder on the Communist Party. Necessarily, these two overlap. The folders \"Trials,\" \"Citizenship,\" \"Immigration,\" and \"Constitution-U.S.\" contain articles about, or letters to newspaper editors, written by Helen. Several folders, particularly \"Immigration,\" and \"Subsidiary Movements,\" contain issues of \"The Daily Data Sheet of the Key Men in America.\" The purpose of these appears to provide information about Communist and Socialist activities in the U.S. At least one clipping in the subject files was printed after Helen's death. This may have occurred because Esther Green continued to maintain these files. \nThe Personal/Family series contains genealogical information, as well as obituaries of Helen, Norris, William Cummings (Helen's grandfather), and various other relatives. \nThe oversize materials include a clip sheet from the National Patriotic Council and approximately a dozen posters in Russian. There are also a few anti-Communism and anti- Socialism posters. \nThe bound volumes include Helen's diaries from 1894 to 1929 (not a complete set), an account book, a letter book, a prayer book, and an autograph book. "],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhotos were transferred to the photograph collection. The photos from this collection and the Esther Green Collection are mixed. Also, papers relating to the Ricketts family are now in the Ricketts Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Photos were transferred to the photograph collection. The photos from this collection and the Esther Green Collection are mixed. Also, papers relating to the Ricketts family are now in the Ricketts Collection."],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Cummings, Helen Norris, 1865-1949"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"persname_ssim":["Cummings, Helen Norris, 1865-1949"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":376,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:09:43.684Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_12_c01_c01"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27_c02_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Correspondence","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27_c02_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27_c02_c01","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27_c02_c01"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27_c02_c01","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27_c02","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27_c02","parent_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Cazenove Family Papers (MS212)","Louis A. Cazenove"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Cazenove Family Papers (MS212)","Louis A. Cazenove"],"text":["Cazenove Family Papers (MS212)","Louis A. Cazenove","Correspondence","English"],"title_filing_ssi":"Correspondence","title_ssm":["Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1790-1946"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1790/1946"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Cazenove Family Papers (MS212)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":5,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":94,"date_range_isim":[1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946],"language_ssim":["English"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:09:56.186Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_27.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/27","title_ssm":["Cazenove Family Papers (MS212)"],"title_tesim":["Cazenove Family Papers (MS212)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1786-1970"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1970"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS212","/repositories/2/resources/27"],"text":["MS212","/repositories/2/resources/27","Cazenove Family Papers (MS212)","Business -- Alexandria (Va.)","Business records","Families -- Alexandria (Va.)","Farquhar family.","Inventions","Passports","Correspondence","The collection is divided into two sub-fonds, the first consisting of records from James O'Hara Cazenove and his son and the second apparently collected by his father covering himself and the older part of the family.","\nThe correspondence and business records in both are divided into different subseries, reflecting an effort to keep business affairs separate from family correspondence. Much of the correspondence in the O'Hara part of the collection is arranged by correspondent or alphabetically and then chronologically. In the second sub-fonds most of the correspondence is chronological apart from the Stanard and Craig family correspondence having been separated from other family correspondence at some point in time.","\nCertain records deemed fragile or valuable were separated from the older material at some point and have been listed at the end of series but not necessarily in chronological order as that would have placed the items within separately listed folders.","\nSubfonds 1: James O'Hara Cazenove, 1873-1970","\nSeries 1: Correspondence, 1902-1970","    Subseries:\n    ","Family Correspondence\n    ","Personal Correspondence\n    ","Business Correspondence\n    ","Legal Correspondence\n    \nSeries 2: Financial Documents","Series 3: Legal Documents","Series 4: Inventions","Series 5: Personal Records","Series 6: Printed Material","Series 7: Miscellaneous","Series 8: Louis A. DeCazenove","\nSubfonds 2: Louis A. Cazenove, 1786-1946","\nSeries 1: Correspondence","Series 2: Business","  Subseries:\n    ","Business Records\n    ","Records Books","\nDeeds","\nEstates and Guardianships","Series 3: Legal Documents, 1786-1926","Series 4: Printed","Series 5: News Clippings","Series 6: Miscellaneous","Series 7: Photos","Anthony Charles Cazenove (1775-1852) was born in Geneva, Switzerland. Imprisoned during the revolution, he immigrated to the United States in 1794 and went into business with Treasury Secretary Albert Gallatin in Fayette County, Pennsylvania. He married Ann Hogan of Philadelphia (1776-1843), and moved to Alexandria, Virginia where he established Cazenove and Co. The couple had 10 children.","\nPaul Charles Cazenove (1799-1801) died in childhood. Charles John Cazenove (1801-1834) married Sarah Greenleaf of Boston to whom a letter from A. C. Cazenove survives.  Paulina Cazenove (1806-1891) married John Fowle. Charlotte Cazenove (1812-1836) married North Carolina Congressman William B. Shepard. Octavius Anthony Cazenove (1813-1841). Harriet Cazenove (1817-1861) who married Gazaway Lamar of Georgia (1798-1874). ","\nAnn Maria Cazenove (1803-1859) married General Archibald Henderson. Their daughter Charlotte married into the DuPont family.","\nEliza Frances Cazenove (1798-1857) married William C. Gardner (1791-1844) their children included Constance T. Gardner  (1820-1849) who married Maryland Congressman Henry Winter Davis (1817-1865) and Anne Eliza Gardner (1819-1885), who married Cassius F. Lee (1808-1890). ","\nWilliam Gardner Cazenove (1819-1877) married Mary Elizabeth Stanard (1822-1892) and had a son named Anthony Charles Cazenove (1849-1897). William took over management of Cazenove and Co. in partnership with Lee and was later the guardian for one of the Gardner children.","\nLouis Albert Cazenove (1807-1852) married Frances Ansley (1820-1847) in 1837 and had Frances E. Cazenove (1838-1884) and Charlotte Louise Cazenove (1840-1914). He later remarried to Harriett Stuart Turberville (1823-1896) of the Lee family and had a son named Louis A. Cazenove (1851-1925). Cassius F. Lee became the guardian of these children after 1852.","\nLouis A. Cazenove (b 1851) married Mary O'Hara and had two sons. Louis A. DeCazenove (1878-1852) who changed his last name to an older Swiss version worked as a chemical Engineer at Dupont and married Edith Patton Cazenove. James O'Hara Cazenove (1880-1971) was an inventor, engineer, and investor, and was considered the last of the family.","MS293 contains a ledger from Cazenove and Co. dated 1857-1861 when it was managed by William Gardner Lee, the son of A. C. Cazenove, and Cassius F. Lee. Duke University holds records of Cazenove and Co for 1860-1868 including a list of debtors.","\nMS240 contains a number of Cazenove related documents including:","\nTwo letters of A.C. Cazenove, one undated detailing the surrender of Alexandria in August 1814 and the other to Sarah E. Greenleaf in 1826. (MS240, box 10).","\nAn 1874 certificate of Louis A. Cazenove (b. 1851) from the University of Virginia (MS240, oversize 2)","\n3 stock certificates of A.C. Cazenove for the Middle Turnpike Company (1831), Alexandria Steam Ferry Company (1839), and Alexandria Marine Railway Company (1849-1851) (MS240, box 6)","\nThere are also receipts for Mrs. Harriot E. Cazenove (1823-1896), the widow of Louis A. Cazenove (d. 1852), from Wise and Co Insurance Agents (1889) (MS240, box 5) and Smoot and Co (1894-1896) (MS240 box 4).","\nThe Winterthur Museum of Winterthur Delaware also holds the \"Cazenove-Lee Family Papers\" (Col. 83) which contains extensive records of A. C. Cazenove and the early history of the family. This primarily covers the 18th century including in Switzerland.","\nThe Library of Congress also holds a number of manuscript letters from A.C. Cazenove to President James Madison.","This collection covers the history of the Cazenove Family of Alexandria from the 1790s to the 1970s.\nThe first part of the collection features records from James O'Hara Cazenove (1880-1971), consisting primarily of correspondence and records relating to his business interests and investments, as well as legal documents and business related litigation. Some of the correspondence and notebooks relate to his role as an inventor including a patent for an improved eggbeater from the 1920s. It also includes records from his brother, Louis A. deCazenove (1851-1925), primarily related to his education at Cornell University.","\nThe Second part of the collection concerns the earlier generations of the family focusing on James O'Hara's father and grandfather, both named Louis A. Cazenove (1807-1852 and 1851-1925), and his great grandfather Anthony Charles Cazenove (1775-1852). Researchers should be cautious about the reuse of family names, as there are two Anthony Charles' and three Louis A.s.","\nThe second part consists primarily of correspondence and early business records from Alexandria, including early ledgers and receipts as well as legal documents such as deeds. There are also early passports relating to international travel and documents about the consular positions held by A.C. Cazenove in the early 19th century. There is also a family history in French from 1872.","\nBoth parts of the collection include the records of estates, trusts, and guardianships, as wealth passed from one generation to the next.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Cazenove Family","Lee Family","Farquhar Family","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A. (Louis Albert), 1807-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925","Cazenove, James O'Hara, 1880-1971","deCazenove, Louis A., 1878-1952","Cazenove, Anne H., 1776-1843","Cazenove, William Gardner, 1819-1877","Cazenove, Mary Elizabeth Stanard, 1822-1892","Cazenove, Antony, 1849-1897","Lee, Cassius F., 1808-1890","Cazenove, Eliza Frances, 1798-1857","Gardner, Anne Eliza, 1819-1885","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS212","/repositories/2/resources/27"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cazenove Family Papers (MS212)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cazenove Family Papers (MS212)"],"collection_ssim":["Cazenove Family Papers (MS212)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"creator_ssm":["Cazenove Family","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A. (Louis Albert), 1807-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925","Cazenove, James O'Hara, 1880-1971","deCazenove, Louis A., 1878-1952","Cazenove, Anne H., 1776-1843","Cazenove, William Gardner, 1819-1877","Cazenove, Mary Elizabeth Stanard, 1822-1892","Cazenove, Antony, 1849-1897","Lee, Cassius F., 1808-1890","Cazenove, Eliza Frances, 1798-1857","Gardner, Anne Eliza, 1819-1885","Lee Family","Farquhar Family"],"creator_ssim":["Cazenove Family","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A. (Louis Albert), 1807-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925","Cazenove, James O'Hara, 1880-1971","deCazenove, Louis A., 1878-1952","Cazenove, Anne H., 1776-1843","Cazenove, William Gardner, 1819-1877","Cazenove, Mary Elizabeth Stanard, 1822-1892","Cazenove, Antony, 1849-1897","Lee, Cassius F., 1808-1890","Cazenove, Eliza Frances, 1798-1857","Gardner, Anne Eliza, 1819-1885","Lee Family","Farquhar Family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A. (Louis Albert), 1807-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925","Cazenove, James O'Hara, 1880-1971","deCazenove, Louis A., 1878-1952","Cazenove, Anne H., 1776-1843","Cazenove, William Gardner, 1819-1877","Cazenove, Mary Elizabeth Stanard, 1822-1892","Cazenove, Antony, 1849-1897","Lee, Cassius F., 1808-1890","Cazenove, Eliza Frances, 1798-1857","Gardner, Anne Eliza, 1819-1885"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Cazenove Family","Lee Family","Farquhar Family"],"creators_ssim":["Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A. (Louis Albert), 1807-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925","Cazenove, James O'Hara, 1880-1971","deCazenove, Louis A., 1878-1952","Cazenove, Anne H., 1776-1843","Cazenove, William Gardner, 1819-1877","Cazenove, Mary Elizabeth Stanard, 1822-1892","Cazenove, Antony, 1849-1897","Lee, Cassius F., 1808-1890","Cazenove, Eliza Frances, 1798-1857","Gardner, Anne Eliza, 1819-1885","Cazenove Family","Lee Family","Farquhar Family"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Business -- Alexandria (Va.)","Business records","Families -- Alexandria (Va.)","Farquhar family.","Inventions","Passports","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Business -- Alexandria (Va.)","Business records","Families -- Alexandria (Va.)","Farquhar family.","Inventions","Passports","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.06  Linear Feet 15 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8.06  Linear Feet 15 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Inventions","Passports","Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into two sub-fonds, the first consisting of records from James O'Hara Cazenove and his son and the second apparently collected by his father covering himself and the older part of the family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe correspondence and business records in both are divided into different subseries, reflecting an effort to keep business affairs separate from family correspondence. Much of the correspondence in the O'Hara part of the collection is arranged by correspondent or alphabetically and then chronologically. In the second sub-fonds most of the correspondence is chronological apart from the Stanard and Craig family correspondence having been separated from other family correspondence at some point in time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCertain records deemed fragile or valuable were separated from the older material at some point and have been listed at the end of series but not necessarily in chronological order as that would have placed the items within separately listed folders.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSubfonds 1: James O'Hara Cazenove, 1873-1970\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 1: Correspondence, 1902-1970\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e    Subseries:\n    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFamily Correspondence\n    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePersonal Correspondence\n    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBusiness Correspondence\n    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLegal Correspondence\n    \nSeries 2: Financial Documents\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Legal Documents\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Inventions\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Personal Records\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Printed Material\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Miscellaneous\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8: Louis A. DeCazenove\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSubfonds 2: Louis A. Cazenove, 1786-1946\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 1: Correspondence\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Business\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Subseries:\n    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBusiness Records\n    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecords Books\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nDeeds\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nEstates and Guardianships\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Legal Documents, 1786-1926\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Printed\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: News Clippings\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Miscellaneous\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Photos\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into two sub-fonds, the first consisting of records from James O'Hara Cazenove and his son and the second apparently collected by his father covering himself and the older part of the family.","\nThe correspondence and business records in both are divided into different subseries, reflecting an effort to keep business affairs separate from family correspondence. Much of the correspondence in the O'Hara part of the collection is arranged by correspondent or alphabetically and then chronologically. In the second sub-fonds most of the correspondence is chronological apart from the Stanard and Craig family correspondence having been separated from other family correspondence at some point in time.","\nCertain records deemed fragile or valuable were separated from the older material at some point and have been listed at the end of series but not necessarily in chronological order as that would have placed the items within separately listed folders.","\nSubfonds 1: James O'Hara Cazenove, 1873-1970","\nSeries 1: Correspondence, 1902-1970","    Subseries:\n    ","Family Correspondence\n    ","Personal Correspondence\n    ","Business Correspondence\n    ","Legal Correspondence\n    \nSeries 2: Financial Documents","Series 3: Legal Documents","Series 4: Inventions","Series 5: Personal Records","Series 6: Printed Material","Series 7: Miscellaneous","Series 8: Louis A. DeCazenove","\nSubfonds 2: Louis A. Cazenove, 1786-1946","\nSeries 1: Correspondence","Series 2: Business","  Subseries:\n    ","Business Records\n    ","Records Books","\nDeeds","\nEstates and Guardianships","Series 3: Legal Documents, 1786-1926","Series 4: Printed","Series 5: News Clippings","Series 6: Miscellaneous","Series 7: Photos"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAnthony Charles Cazenove (1775-1852) was born in Geneva, Switzerland. Imprisoned during the revolution, he immigrated to the United States in 1794 and went into business with Treasury Secretary Albert Gallatin in Fayette County, Pennsylvania. He married Ann Hogan of Philadelphia (1776-1843), and moved to Alexandria, Virginia where he established Cazenove and Co. The couple had 10 children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nPaul Charles Cazenove (1799-1801) died in childhood. Charles John Cazenove (1801-1834) married Sarah Greenleaf of Boston to whom a letter from A. C. Cazenove survives.  Paulina Cazenove (1806-1891) married John Fowle. Charlotte Cazenove (1812-1836) married North Carolina Congressman William B. Shepard. Octavius Anthony Cazenove (1813-1841). Harriet Cazenove (1817-1861) who married Gazaway Lamar of Georgia (1798-1874). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAnn Maria Cazenove (1803-1859) married General Archibald Henderson. Their daughter Charlotte married into the DuPont family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nEliza Frances Cazenove (1798-1857) married William C. Gardner (1791-1844) their children included Constance T. Gardner  (1820-1849) who married Maryland Congressman Henry Winter Davis (1817-1865) and Anne Eliza Gardner (1819-1885), who married Cassius F. Lee (1808-1890). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWilliam Gardner Cazenove (1819-1877) married Mary Elizabeth Stanard (1822-1892) and had a son named Anthony Charles Cazenove (1849-1897). William took over management of Cazenove and Co. in partnership with Lee and was later the guardian for one of the Gardner children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nLouis Albert Cazenove (1807-1852) married Frances Ansley (1820-1847) in 1837 and had Frances E. Cazenove (1838-1884) and Charlotte Louise Cazenove (1840-1914). He later remarried to Harriett Stuart Turberville (1823-1896) of the Lee family and had a son named Louis A. Cazenove (1851-1925). Cassius F. Lee became the guardian of these children after 1852.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nLouis A. Cazenove (b 1851) married Mary O'Hara and had two sons. Louis A. DeCazenove (1878-1852) who changed his last name to an older Swiss version worked as a chemical Engineer at Dupont and married Edith Patton Cazenove. James O'Hara Cazenove (1880-1971) was an inventor, engineer, and investor, and was considered the last of the family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Anthony Charles Cazenove (1775-1852) was born in Geneva, Switzerland. Imprisoned during the revolution, he immigrated to the United States in 1794 and went into business with Treasury Secretary Albert Gallatin in Fayette County, Pennsylvania. He married Ann Hogan of Philadelphia (1776-1843), and moved to Alexandria, Virginia where he established Cazenove and Co. The couple had 10 children.","\nPaul Charles Cazenove (1799-1801) died in childhood. Charles John Cazenove (1801-1834) married Sarah Greenleaf of Boston to whom a letter from A. C. Cazenove survives.  Paulina Cazenove (1806-1891) married John Fowle. Charlotte Cazenove (1812-1836) married North Carolina Congressman William B. Shepard. Octavius Anthony Cazenove (1813-1841). Harriet Cazenove (1817-1861) who married Gazaway Lamar of Georgia (1798-1874). ","\nAnn Maria Cazenove (1803-1859) married General Archibald Henderson. Their daughter Charlotte married into the DuPont family.","\nEliza Frances Cazenove (1798-1857) married William C. Gardner (1791-1844) their children included Constance T. Gardner  (1820-1849) who married Maryland Congressman Henry Winter Davis (1817-1865) and Anne Eliza Gardner (1819-1885), who married Cassius F. Lee (1808-1890). ","\nWilliam Gardner Cazenove (1819-1877) married Mary Elizabeth Stanard (1822-1892) and had a son named Anthony Charles Cazenove (1849-1897). William took over management of Cazenove and Co. in partnership with Lee and was later the guardian for one of the Gardner children.","\nLouis Albert Cazenove (1807-1852) married Frances Ansley (1820-1847) in 1837 and had Frances E. Cazenove (1838-1884) and Charlotte Louise Cazenove (1840-1914). He later remarried to Harriett Stuart Turberville (1823-1896) of the Lee family and had a son named Louis A. Cazenove (1851-1925). Cassius F. Lee became the guardian of these children after 1852.","\nLouis A. Cazenove (b 1851) married Mary O'Hara and had two sons. Louis A. DeCazenove (1878-1852) who changed his last name to an older Swiss version worked as a chemical Engineer at Dupont and married Edith Patton Cazenove. James O'Hara Cazenove (1880-1971) was an inventor, engineer, and investor, and was considered the last of the family."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item idenfitication], Cazenove Family Papers, MS212, Alexandria Library, Local History/Special Collections, Alexandria, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item idenfitication], Cazenove Family Papers, MS212, Alexandria Library, Local History/Special Collections, Alexandria, Va."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMS293 contains a ledger from Cazenove and Co. dated 1857-1861 when it was managed by William Gardner Lee, the son of A. C. Cazenove, and Cassius F. Lee. Duke University holds records of Cazenove and Co for 1860-1868 including a list of debtors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMS240 contains a number of Cazenove related documents including:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nTwo letters of A.C. Cazenove, one undated detailing the surrender of Alexandria in August 1814 and the other to Sarah E. Greenleaf in 1826. (MS240, box 10).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAn 1874 certificate of Louis A. Cazenove (b. 1851) from the University of Virginia (MS240, oversize 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n3 stock certificates of A.C. Cazenove for the Middle Turnpike Company (1831), Alexandria Steam Ferry Company (1839), and Alexandria Marine Railway Company (1849-1851) (MS240, box 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThere are also receipts for Mrs. Harriot E. Cazenove (1823-1896), the widow of Louis A. Cazenove (d. 1852), from Wise and Co Insurance Agents (1889) (MS240, box 5) and Smoot and Co (1894-1896) (MS240 box 4).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe Winterthur Museum of Winterthur Delaware also holds the \"Cazenove-Lee Family Papers\" (Col. 83) which contains extensive records of A. C. Cazenove and the early history of the family. This primarily covers the 18th century including in Switzerland.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe Library of Congress also holds a number of manuscript letters from A.C. Cazenove to President James Madison.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["MS293 contains a ledger from Cazenove and Co. dated 1857-1861 when it was managed by William Gardner Lee, the son of A. C. Cazenove, and Cassius F. Lee. Duke University holds records of Cazenove and Co for 1860-1868 including a list of debtors.","\nMS240 contains a number of Cazenove related documents including:","\nTwo letters of A.C. Cazenove, one undated detailing the surrender of Alexandria in August 1814 and the other to Sarah E. Greenleaf in 1826. (MS240, box 10).","\nAn 1874 certificate of Louis A. Cazenove (b. 1851) from the University of Virginia (MS240, oversize 2)","\n3 stock certificates of A.C. Cazenove for the Middle Turnpike Company (1831), Alexandria Steam Ferry Company (1839), and Alexandria Marine Railway Company (1849-1851) (MS240, box 6)","\nThere are also receipts for Mrs. Harriot E. Cazenove (1823-1896), the widow of Louis A. Cazenove (d. 1852), from Wise and Co Insurance Agents (1889) (MS240, box 5) and Smoot and Co (1894-1896) (MS240 box 4).","\nThe Winterthur Museum of Winterthur Delaware also holds the \"Cazenove-Lee Family Papers\" (Col. 83) which contains extensive records of A. C. Cazenove and the early history of the family. This primarily covers the 18th century including in Switzerland.","\nThe Library of Congress also holds a number of manuscript letters from A.C. Cazenove to President James Madison."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection covers the history of the Cazenove Family of Alexandria from the 1790s to the 1970s.\nThe first part of the collection features records from James O'Hara Cazenove (1880-1971), consisting primarily of correspondence and records relating to his business interests and investments, as well as legal documents and business related litigation. Some of the correspondence and notebooks relate to his role as an inventor including a patent for an improved eggbeater from the 1920s. It also includes records from his brother, Louis A. deCazenove (1851-1925), primarily related to his education at Cornell University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe Second part of the collection concerns the earlier generations of the family focusing on James O'Hara's father and grandfather, both named Louis A. Cazenove (1807-1852 and 1851-1925), and his great grandfather Anthony Charles Cazenove (1775-1852). Researchers should be cautious about the reuse of family names, as there are two Anthony Charles' and three Louis A.s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe second part consists primarily of correspondence and early business records from Alexandria, including early ledgers and receipts as well as legal documents such as deeds. There are also early passports relating to international travel and documents about the consular positions held by A.C. Cazenove in the early 19th century. There is also a family history in French from 1872.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBoth parts of the collection include the records of estates, trusts, and guardianships, as wealth passed from one generation to the next.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection covers the history of the Cazenove Family of Alexandria from the 1790s to the 1970s.\nThe first part of the collection features records from James O'Hara Cazenove (1880-1971), consisting primarily of correspondence and records relating to his business interests and investments, as well as legal documents and business related litigation. Some of the correspondence and notebooks relate to his role as an inventor including a patent for an improved eggbeater from the 1920s. It also includes records from his brother, Louis A. deCazenove (1851-1925), primarily related to his education at Cornell University.","\nThe Second part of the collection concerns the earlier generations of the family focusing on James O'Hara's father and grandfather, both named Louis A. Cazenove (1807-1852 and 1851-1925), and his great grandfather Anthony Charles Cazenove (1775-1852). Researchers should be cautious about the reuse of family names, as there are two Anthony Charles' and three Louis A.s.","\nThe second part consists primarily of correspondence and early business records from Alexandria, including early ledgers and receipts as well as legal documents such as deeds. There are also early passports relating to international travel and documents about the consular positions held by A.C. Cazenove in the early 19th century. There is also a family history in French from 1872.","\nBoth parts of the collection include the records of estates, trusts, and guardianships, as wealth passed from one generation to the next."],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Cazenove Family","Lee Family","Farquhar Family","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A. (Louis Albert), 1807-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925","Cazenove, James O'Hara, 1880-1971","deCazenove, Louis A., 1878-1952","Cazenove, Anne H., 1776-1843","Cazenove, William Gardner, 1819-1877","Cazenove, Mary Elizabeth Stanard, 1822-1892","Cazenove, Antony, 1849-1897","Lee, Cassius F., 1808-1890","Cazenove, Eliza Frances, 1798-1857","Gardner, Anne Eliza, 1819-1885"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"famname_ssim":["Cazenove Family","Lee Family","Farquhar Family"],"persname_ssim":["Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A. (Louis Albert), 1807-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925","Cazenove, James O'Hara, 1880-1971","deCazenove, Louis A., 1878-1952","Cazenove, Anne H., 1776-1843","Cazenove, William Gardner, 1819-1877","Cazenove, Mary Elizabeth Stanard, 1822-1892","Cazenove, Antony, 1849-1897","Lee, Cassius F., 1808-1890","Cazenove, Eliza Frances, 1798-1857","Gardner, Anne Eliza, 1819-1885"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":249,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:09:56.186Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_27_c02_c01"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178_c02_c15","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Correspondence","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178_c02_c15#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains correspondence dated 1847-1896. Correspondence matches #251-263 in Donor's index of correspondence (MS417-01-001)\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178_c02_c15#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178_c02_c15","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178_c02_c15"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178_c02_c15","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178_c02","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178_c02","parent_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["William Gregory Family Papers (MS417)","Series 2: Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["William Gregory Family Papers (MS417)","Series 2: Correspondence"],"text":["William Gregory Family Papers (MS417)","Series 2: Correspondence","Correspondence","English","box 02","folder 027","This folder contains correspondence dated 1847-1896. Correspondence matches #251-263 in Donor's index of correspondence (MS417-01-001)"],"title_filing_ssi":"Correspondence","title_ssm":["Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1847-1896"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1847/1896"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["William Gregory Family Papers (MS417)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":29,"date_range_isim":[1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896],"language_ssim":["English"],"containers_ssim":["box 02","folder 027"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n  \u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|6012e7db-17f3-4b25-ae20-57158c38c0da/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains correspondence dated 1847-1896. Correspondence matches #251-263 in Donor's index of correspondence (MS417-01-001)\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains correspondence dated 1847-1896. Correspondence matches #251-263 in Donor's index of correspondence (MS417-01-001)"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#14","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:10:26.748Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_178","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_178.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/178","title_ssm":["William Gregory Family Papers (MS417)"],"title_tesim":["William Gregory Family Papers (MS417)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1771-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1771-1993"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS417","/repositories/2/resources/178"],"text":["MS417","/repositories/2/resources/178","William Gregory Family Papers (MS417)","Kilmarnock (Scotland)","Alexandria (Va.)","New York (N.Y.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- Genealogy.","Alexandria (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century.","Alexandria (Va.) -- Maps","Families -- Alexandria (Va.)","Deeds -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","William Gregory was a Scottish immigrant, businessman, landowner, and enslaver. ","He was born in Kilmarnock, Scotland in 1789, and emigrated to New York, and then Alexandria, Virginia in 1807. Gregory worked for Alexandria businessman Robert McCrea as a clerk until 1812, and then as a partner until 1827. He owned property in Alexandria as well as several enslaved persons (\"Old Mary Morse\", Charlotte Blue, Eugenia, Sarah, Roxie, Frank Stewart, and Lucy the daughter of Caroline Branham, as well as other unidentified individuals). Gregory served in the War of 1812. He was also a member of the Presbyterian Church and of St. Andrew's Society. In 1822 Gregory married Margaret Douglass Bartleman, who bore four children (Douglas Smith, Elisabeth Smith, William Bartleman, and Margaret Douglas) and died in 1833. In 1838, William Gregory married Mary Donaldson Long and had five more children (Isobel Anne, Julia Harper, Boyd, Mary Crawford, and Janet Boyd).","William Gregory passed in 1875 at the age of 87.","This collection predominantly contains the personal papers of William Gregory, including: journals, notebooks, property records, deeds, and family records. Approximately two-thirds of the collection comprise original correspondence, and late 20th century transcriptions of such.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Gregory, William, III, 1789-1875","Powell, Mary Crawford (Gregory), 1847-1928","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Gregory, Peter Mallard","McCrea, Robert (c.1765-c.1840)","Bartleman, Margaret Douglas (-1833)","Long, Mary Donaldson  (-1896)","Branham, Caroline, 1764?-1843","Harrison, Lucy Branham (1806-)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS417","/repositories/2/resources/178"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Gregory Family Papers (MS417)"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Gregory Family Papers (MS417)"],"collection_ssim":["William Gregory Family Papers (MS417)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Kilmarnock (Scotland)","Alexandria (Va.)","New York (N.Y.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- Genealogy.","Alexandria (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century.","Alexandria (Va.) -- Maps"],"geogname_ssim":["Kilmarnock (Scotland)","Alexandria (Va.)","New York (N.Y.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- Genealogy.","Alexandria (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century.","Alexandria (Va.) -- Maps"],"creator_ssm":["Gregory, William, III, 1789-1875"],"creator_ssim":["Gregory, William, III, 1789-1875"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gregory, William, III, 1789-1875"],"creators_ssim":["Gregory, William, III, 1789-1875"],"places_ssim":["Kilmarnock (Scotland)","Alexandria (Va.)","New York (N.Y.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- Genealogy.","Alexandria (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century.","Alexandria (Va.) -- Maps"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Families -- Alexandria (Va.)","Deeds -- Virginia -- Alexandria."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Families -- Alexandria (Va.)","Deeds -- Virginia -- Alexandria."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.11 Cubic Feet 1 document box, 2 flat file boxes, 1 oversize folder (assorted oversize box), 1 object (assorted media box)"],"extent_tesim":["1.11 Cubic Feet 1 document box, 2 flat file boxes, 1 oversize folder (assorted oversize box), 1 object (assorted media box)"],"date_range_isim":[1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Gregory was a Scottish immigrant, businessman, landowner, and enslaver. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe was born in Kilmarnock, Scotland in 1789, and emigrated to New York, and then Alexandria, Virginia in 1807. Gregory worked for Alexandria businessman Robert McCrea as a clerk until 1812, and then as a partner until 1827. He owned property in Alexandria as well as several enslaved persons (\"Old Mary Morse\", Charlotte Blue, Eugenia, Sarah, Roxie, Frank Stewart, and Lucy the daughter of Caroline Branham, as well as other unidentified individuals). Gregory served in the War of 1812. He was also a member of the Presbyterian Church and of St. Andrew's Society. In 1822 Gregory married Margaret Douglass Bartleman, who bore four children (Douglas Smith, Elisabeth Smith, William Bartleman, and Margaret Douglas) and died in 1833. In 1838, William Gregory married Mary Donaldson Long and had five more children (Isobel Anne, Julia Harper, Boyd, Mary Crawford, and Janet Boyd).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Gregory passed in 1875 at the age of 87.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Gregory was a Scottish immigrant, businessman, landowner, and enslaver. ","He was born in Kilmarnock, Scotland in 1789, and emigrated to New York, and then Alexandria, Virginia in 1807. Gregory worked for Alexandria businessman Robert McCrea as a clerk until 1812, and then as a partner until 1827. He owned property in Alexandria as well as several enslaved persons (\"Old Mary Morse\", Charlotte Blue, Eugenia, Sarah, Roxie, Frank Stewart, and Lucy the daughter of Caroline Branham, as well as other unidentified individuals). Gregory served in the War of 1812. He was also a member of the Presbyterian Church and of St. Andrew's Society. In 1822 Gregory married Margaret Douglass Bartleman, who bore four children (Douglas Smith, Elisabeth Smith, William Bartleman, and Margaret Douglas) and died in 1833. In 1838, William Gregory married Mary Donaldson Long and had five more children (Isobel Anne, Julia Harper, Boyd, Mary Crawford, and Janet Boyd).","William Gregory passed in 1875 at the age of 87."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|0d9e0466-7799-4548-acc8-94944ddf06fe/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[item description], William Gregory Family Papers, MS417, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[item description], William Gregory Family Papers, MS417, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection predominantly contains the personal papers of William Gregory, including: journals, notebooks, property records, deeds, and family records. Approximately two-thirds of the collection comprise original correspondence, and late 20th century transcriptions of such.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection predominantly contains the personal papers of William Gregory, including: journals, notebooks, property records, deeds, and family records. Approximately two-thirds of the collection comprise original correspondence, and late 20th century transcriptions of such."],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Gregory, William, III, 1789-1875","Powell, Mary Crawford (Gregory), 1847-1928","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Gregory, Peter Mallard","McCrea, Robert (c.1765-c.1840)","Bartleman, Margaret Douglas (-1833)","Long, Mary Donaldson  (-1896)","Branham, Caroline, 1764?-1843","Harrison, Lucy Branham (1806-)"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Powell, Mary Crawford (Gregory), 1847-1928","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Gregory, Peter Mallard","McCrea, Robert (c.1765-c.1840)","Bartleman, Margaret Douglas (-1833)","Long, Mary Donaldson  (-1896)","Branham, Caroline, 1764?-1843","Harrison, Lucy Branham (1806-)"],"persname_ssim":["Gregory, William, III, 1789-1875","Powell, Mary Crawford (Gregory), 1847-1928","Lee, Robert E. 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The idea for a supply of clean water can be attributed to Benjamin Hallowell, who after losing three children to disease, may have realized the importance of clean water. The Alexandria Water Company was chartered by the Virginia Legislature on March 22, 1850 and Hallowell served as its first President. The company expanded in the early 1900s and again in the 1950s. In 1972, the company merged with the Old Dominion Water Corporation and the Prince William Water Company to become the Virginia American Water Company.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Virginia American Water Company was originally founded in 1852 as the Alexandria Water Company. The idea for a supply of clean water can be attributed to Benjamin Hallowell, who after losing three children to disease, may have realized the importance of clean water. The Alexandria Water Company was chartered by the Virginia Legislature on March 22, 1850 and Hallowell served as its first President. The company expanded in the early 1900s and again in the 1950s. In 1972, the company merged with the Old Dominion Water Corporation and the Prince William Water Company to become the Virginia American Water Company."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item identification], Virginia American Water Company Collection, MS103, Alexandria Library, Local History/Special Collections, Alexandria, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item identification], Virginia American Water Company Collection, MS103, Alexandria Library, Local History/Special Collections, Alexandria, Va."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexandria Chamber of Commerce, Box 202; Alexandria City Records, Box 19MM, Box 19UU (Water and gas pipes, 1855); Boothe Family Papers, Box 164 (Annual Reports, 1851-1879); Box 195. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eErickson, Philip M., Cdr. Alexandria Water Company Permits: The First 1000 'Pipers.' Alexandria, VA: City of Alexandria Archaeology, 1988. \nHallowell, Benjamin. Autobiography of Benjamin Hallowell. Philadelphia: Friends Book Association, 1884. \nSwain, Perry Carpenter. \"Robert Hartshorne Miller, 1798-1874, A Quaker Presence in Alexandria.\" Graduate Thesis, George Washington University, 1988. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Alexandria Chamber of Commerce, Box 202; Alexandria City Records, Box 19MM, Box 19UU (Water and gas pipes, 1855); Boothe Family Papers, Box 164 (Annual Reports, 1851-1879); Box 195. ","Erickson, Philip M., Cdr. Alexandria Water Company Permits: The First 1000 'Pipers.' Alexandria, VA: City of Alexandria Archaeology, 1988. \nHallowell, Benjamin. Autobiography of Benjamin Hallowell. Philadelphia: Friends Book Association, 1884. \nSwain, Perry Carpenter. \"Robert Hartshorne Miller, 1798-1874, A Quaker Presence in Alexandria.\" Graduate Thesis, George Washington University, 1988. 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