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Hurt Papers, 1860/1929","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection consists of business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Smyth and Washington counties, Virginia. It includes deeds, leases and other business and legal documents pertaining to several businesses, particularly the Douglas Land Company.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1901.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hurt, William W. Papers","title_ssm":["William W. Hurt Papers"],"title_tesim":["William W. Hurt Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1929"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1929"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1929"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William W. Hurt Papers, 1860/1929"],"text":["William W. Hurt Papers, 1860/1929","Ms.1992.025","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged alphabetically by name of business, with Hurt's personal financial following the files devoted to specific businesses.","William W. Hurt was born in Virginia around 1879. He married Zula Kinzer, and the couple had two sons: William Whitmore (1905-1984) and Fred Kinzer (1910-2003). The family initially lived in Washington County, but some years after becoming general manager of the Douglas Land Company, Hurt moved with his family to Marion (Smyth County), where he maintained an active interest in local affairs.","Many of Hurt's activities centered on his role as manager of the Douglas Land Company and in developing the company's holdings. He supervised the planting and operation of a commercial apple orchard, undertook game and fish conservation measures and built roads. Hurt was also involved in other business enterprises, many of which were probably connected--either directly or indirectly--with the Douglas Land Company. He served on the board of directors of the National Bank of Chilhowie and the Colonial Manufacturing Company; was vice-president of the Damascus Telephone Association and the Elk Garden Company and was president of the Smyth County Fair. Hurt died between 1916 and 1932.","The Douglas Land Company was organized in New York in 1904 to manage the Douglas family estate of Washington, Smyth and Grayson counties, Virginia. Under the management of William W. Hurt, the company developed timber, engaged in mineral prospecting and leased to local farmers lands from the estate, known as \"Laurel Farm.\" In 1910, the company sold 28,000 acres of timberland to the United States government as a forest reserve. Timber from other tracts of land was sold to lumber companies. W. L. Umbarger succeeded Hurt as manager upon the latter's death; Umbarger was later succeeded by H. P. Gills. The company had ceased operation by 1932.","Source:","Wilson, Goodridge, Smyth County History and Its Traditions ([S.l.]: The Author, 1932).","The guide to the William W. Hurt Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement and description of the William W. Hurt Papers commenced and was completed in April 2005.","This collection contains the business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Washington and Smyth counties, Virginia. Records of the Douglas Land Company, of which Hurt served as general manager, comprise the larger part of the collection. These records consist primarily of lease agreements and deeds, as well as other contracts and legal documents.","The collection also contains records of several other enterprises in which Hurt was involved; at least some of these--such as the Laurel River Farm--were directly connected to the Douglas Land Company. The collection also contains items relating to the Colonial Manufacturing Company, Damascus Telephone Association, Elk Garden Company, Helton Company, Laurel River Lumber Company, and the Smyth County Fair Association.","Of Hurt's personal financial and legal papers, the collection contains several deeds and contracts into which he seems to have entered independent of his position with the Douglas Land Company.","The collection also contains a folder of documents--mostly receipts and doctor's prescriptions--belonging to J. B. Gilliam, a resident of Smyth County. Gilliam's connection to Hurt or the Douglas Land Company could not be determined while processing the collection.","A folder of general materials completes the collection and contains, among other items, various legal documents; 1922-1923 temperature and rainfall statistics for Marion, Virginia; a map showing a Douglas Land Company tract that was burned in a 1910 fire, and a copy of William Hurt's will.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection consists of business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Smyth and Washington counties, Virginia. It includes deeds, leases and other business and legal documents pertaining to several businesses, particularly the Douglas Land Company.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Douglas Land Company (1904-1932)","Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["William W. Hurt Papers, 1860/1929"],"collection_ssim":["William W. Hurt Papers, 1860/1929"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1992.025"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1992.025"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879"],"creator_ssim":["Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Douglas Land Company (1904-1932)"],"creators_ssim":["Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Douglas Land Company (1904-1932)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William W. Hurt Papers were donated to the Special Collections and University Archives in 1992. The collection was accessioned as the Douglas Land Company Records and was known by that title until 2005, when it was processed and renamed."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by name of business, with Hurt's personal financial following the files devoted to specific businesses.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged alphabetically by name of business, with Hurt's personal financial following the files devoted to specific businesses."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam W. Hurt was born in Virginia around 1879. He married Zula Kinzer, and the couple had two sons: William Whitmore (1905-1984) and Fred Kinzer (1910-2003). The family initially lived in Washington County, but some years after becoming general manager of the Douglas Land Company, Hurt moved with his family to Marion (Smyth County), where he maintained an active interest in local affairs. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of Hurt's activities centered on his role as manager of the Douglas Land Company and in developing the company's holdings. He supervised the planting and operation of a commercial apple orchard, undertook game and fish conservation measures and built roads. Hurt was also involved in other business enterprises, many of which were probably connected--either directly or indirectly--with the Douglas Land Company. He served on the board of directors of the National Bank of Chilhowie and the Colonial Manufacturing Company; was vice-president of the Damascus Telephone Association and the Elk Garden Company and was president of the Smyth County Fair. Hurt died between 1916 and 1932. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Douglas Land Company was organized in New York in 1904 to manage the Douglas family estate of Washington, Smyth and Grayson counties, Virginia. Under the management of William W. Hurt, the company developed timber, engaged in mineral prospecting and leased to local farmers lands from the estate, known as \"Laurel Farm.\" In 1910, the company sold 28,000 acres of timberland to the United States government as a forest reserve. Timber from other tracts of land was sold to lumber companies. W. L. Umbarger succeeded Hurt as manager upon the latter's death; Umbarger was later succeeded by H. P. Gills. The company had ceased operation by 1932. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilson, Goodridge, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSmyth County History and Its Traditions\u003c/title\u003e ([S.l.]: The Author, 1932). \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William W. Hurt was born in Virginia around 1879. He married Zula Kinzer, and the couple had two sons: William Whitmore (1905-1984) and Fred Kinzer (1910-2003). The family initially lived in Washington County, but some years after becoming general manager of the Douglas Land Company, Hurt moved with his family to Marion (Smyth County), where he maintained an active interest in local affairs.","Many of Hurt's activities centered on his role as manager of the Douglas Land Company and in developing the company's holdings. He supervised the planting and operation of a commercial apple orchard, undertook game and fish conservation measures and built roads. Hurt was also involved in other business enterprises, many of which were probably connected--either directly or indirectly--with the Douglas Land Company. He served on the board of directors of the National Bank of Chilhowie and the Colonial Manufacturing Company; was vice-president of the Damascus Telephone Association and the Elk Garden Company and was president of the Smyth County Fair. Hurt died between 1916 and 1932.","The Douglas Land Company was organized in New York in 1904 to manage the Douglas family estate of Washington, Smyth and Grayson counties, Virginia. Under the management of William W. Hurt, the company developed timber, engaged in mineral prospecting and leased to local farmers lands from the estate, known as \"Laurel Farm.\" In 1910, the company sold 28,000 acres of timberland to the United States government as a forest reserve. Timber from other tracts of land was sold to lumber companies. W. L. Umbarger succeeded Hurt as manager upon the latter's death; Umbarger was later succeeded by H. P. Gills. The company had ceased operation by 1932.","Source:","Wilson, Goodridge, Smyth County History and Its Traditions ([S.l.]: The Author, 1932)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William W. Hurt Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William W. Hurt Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William W. Hurt Papers, Ms1992-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William W. Hurt Papers, Ms1992-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the William W. Hurt Papers commenced and was completed in April 2005.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the William W. Hurt Papers commenced and was completed in April 2005."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Washington and Smyth counties, Virginia. Records of the Douglas Land Company, of which Hurt served as general manager, comprise the larger part of the collection. These records consist primarily of lease agreements and deeds, as well as other contracts and legal documents. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains records of several other enterprises in which Hurt was involved; at least some of these--such as the Laurel River Farm--were directly connected to the Douglas Land Company. The collection also contains items relating to the Colonial Manufacturing Company, Damascus Telephone Association, Elk Garden Company, Helton Company, Laurel River Lumber Company, and the Smyth County Fair Association. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf Hurt's personal financial and legal papers, the collection contains several deeds and contracts into which he seems to have entered independent of his position with the Douglas Land Company. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a folder of documents--mostly receipts and doctor's prescriptions--belonging to J. B. Gilliam, a resident of Smyth County. Gilliam's connection to Hurt or the Douglas Land Company could not be determined while processing the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA folder of general materials completes the collection and contains, among other items, various legal documents; 1922-1923 temperature and rainfall statistics for Marion, Virginia; a map showing a Douglas Land Company tract that was burned in a 1910 fire, and a copy of William Hurt's will. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Washington and Smyth counties, Virginia. Records of the Douglas Land Company, of which Hurt served as general manager, comprise the larger part of the collection. These records consist primarily of lease agreements and deeds, as well as other contracts and legal documents.","The collection also contains records of several other enterprises in which Hurt was involved; at least some of these--such as the Laurel River Farm--were directly connected to the Douglas Land Company. The collection also contains items relating to the Colonial Manufacturing Company, Damascus Telephone Association, Elk Garden Company, Helton Company, Laurel River Lumber Company, and the Smyth County Fair Association.","Of Hurt's personal financial and legal papers, the collection contains several deeds and contracts into which he seems to have entered independent of his position with the Douglas Land Company.","The collection also contains a folder of documents--mostly receipts and doctor's prescriptions--belonging to J. B. Gilliam, a resident of Smyth County. Gilliam's connection to Hurt or the Douglas Land Company could not be determined while processing the collection.","A folder of general materials completes the collection and contains, among other items, various legal documents; 1922-1923 temperature and rainfall statistics for Marion, Virginia; a map showing a Douglas Land Company tract that was burned in a 1910 fire, and a copy of William Hurt's will."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0409fd13832eb8975648d8274bfa4810\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Smyth and Washington counties, Virginia. It includes deeds, leases and other business and legal documents pertaining to several businesses, particularly the Douglas Land Company.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Smyth and Washington counties, Virginia. It includes deeds, leases and other business and legal documents pertaining to several businesses, particularly the Douglas Land Company."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Douglas Land Company (1904-1932)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Douglas Land Company (1904-1932)"],"persname_ssim":["Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Douglas Land Company (1904-1932)","Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":32,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:20.057Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1901.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hurt, William W. Papers","title_ssm":["William W. Hurt Papers"],"title_tesim":["William W. Hurt Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1929"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1929"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1929"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William W. Hurt Papers, 1860/1929"],"text":["William W. Hurt Papers, 1860/1929","Ms.1992.025","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged alphabetically by name of business, with Hurt's personal financial following the files devoted to specific businesses.","William W. Hurt was born in Virginia around 1879. He married Zula Kinzer, and the couple had two sons: William Whitmore (1905-1984) and Fred Kinzer (1910-2003). The family initially lived in Washington County, but some years after becoming general manager of the Douglas Land Company, Hurt moved with his family to Marion (Smyth County), where he maintained an active interest in local affairs.","Many of Hurt's activities centered on his role as manager of the Douglas Land Company and in developing the company's holdings. He supervised the planting and operation of a commercial apple orchard, undertook game and fish conservation measures and built roads. Hurt was also involved in other business enterprises, many of which were probably connected--either directly or indirectly--with the Douglas Land Company. He served on the board of directors of the National Bank of Chilhowie and the Colonial Manufacturing Company; was vice-president of the Damascus Telephone Association and the Elk Garden Company and was president of the Smyth County Fair. Hurt died between 1916 and 1932.","The Douglas Land Company was organized in New York in 1904 to manage the Douglas family estate of Washington, Smyth and Grayson counties, Virginia. Under the management of William W. Hurt, the company developed timber, engaged in mineral prospecting and leased to local farmers lands from the estate, known as \"Laurel Farm.\" In 1910, the company sold 28,000 acres of timberland to the United States government as a forest reserve. Timber from other tracts of land was sold to lumber companies. W. L. Umbarger succeeded Hurt as manager upon the latter's death; Umbarger was later succeeded by H. P. Gills. The company had ceased operation by 1932.","Source:","Wilson, Goodridge, Smyth County History and Its Traditions ([S.l.]: The Author, 1932).","The guide to the William W. Hurt Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement and description of the William W. Hurt Papers commenced and was completed in April 2005.","This collection contains the business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Washington and Smyth counties, Virginia. Records of the Douglas Land Company, of which Hurt served as general manager, comprise the larger part of the collection. These records consist primarily of lease agreements and deeds, as well as other contracts and legal documents.","The collection also contains records of several other enterprises in which Hurt was involved; at least some of these--such as the Laurel River Farm--were directly connected to the Douglas Land Company. The collection also contains items relating to the Colonial Manufacturing Company, Damascus Telephone Association, Elk Garden Company, Helton Company, Laurel River Lumber Company, and the Smyth County Fair Association.","Of Hurt's personal financial and legal papers, the collection contains several deeds and contracts into which he seems to have entered independent of his position with the Douglas Land Company.","The collection also contains a folder of documents--mostly receipts and doctor's prescriptions--belonging to J. B. Gilliam, a resident of Smyth County. Gilliam's connection to Hurt or the Douglas Land Company could not be determined while processing the collection.","A folder of general materials completes the collection and contains, among other items, various legal documents; 1922-1923 temperature and rainfall statistics for Marion, Virginia; a map showing a Douglas Land Company tract that was burned in a 1910 fire, and a copy of William Hurt's will.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection consists of business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Smyth and Washington counties, Virginia. It includes deeds, leases and other business and legal documents pertaining to several businesses, particularly the Douglas Land Company.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Douglas Land Company (1904-1932)","Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["William W. Hurt Papers, 1860/1929"],"collection_ssim":["William W. Hurt Papers, 1860/1929"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1992.025"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1992.025"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879"],"creator_ssim":["Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Douglas Land Company (1904-1932)"],"creators_ssim":["Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Douglas Land Company (1904-1932)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William W. Hurt Papers were donated to the Special Collections and University Archives in 1992. The collection was accessioned as the Douglas Land Company Records and was known by that title until 2005, when it was processed and renamed."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by name of business, with Hurt's personal financial following the files devoted to specific businesses.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged alphabetically by name of business, with Hurt's personal financial following the files devoted to specific businesses."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam W. Hurt was born in Virginia around 1879. He married Zula Kinzer, and the couple had two sons: William Whitmore (1905-1984) and Fred Kinzer (1910-2003). The family initially lived in Washington County, but some years after becoming general manager of the Douglas Land Company, Hurt moved with his family to Marion (Smyth County), where he maintained an active interest in local affairs. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of Hurt's activities centered on his role as manager of the Douglas Land Company and in developing the company's holdings. He supervised the planting and operation of a commercial apple orchard, undertook game and fish conservation measures and built roads. Hurt was also involved in other business enterprises, many of which were probably connected--either directly or indirectly--with the Douglas Land Company. He served on the board of directors of the National Bank of Chilhowie and the Colonial Manufacturing Company; was vice-president of the Damascus Telephone Association and the Elk Garden Company and was president of the Smyth County Fair. Hurt died between 1916 and 1932. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Douglas Land Company was organized in New York in 1904 to manage the Douglas family estate of Washington, Smyth and Grayson counties, Virginia. Under the management of William W. Hurt, the company developed timber, engaged in mineral prospecting and leased to local farmers lands from the estate, known as \"Laurel Farm.\" In 1910, the company sold 28,000 acres of timberland to the United States government as a forest reserve. Timber from other tracts of land was sold to lumber companies. W. L. Umbarger succeeded Hurt as manager upon the latter's death; Umbarger was later succeeded by H. P. Gills. The company had ceased operation by 1932. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilson, Goodridge, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSmyth County History and Its Traditions\u003c/title\u003e ([S.l.]: The Author, 1932). \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William W. Hurt was born in Virginia around 1879. He married Zula Kinzer, and the couple had two sons: William Whitmore (1905-1984) and Fred Kinzer (1910-2003). The family initially lived in Washington County, but some years after becoming general manager of the Douglas Land Company, Hurt moved with his family to Marion (Smyth County), where he maintained an active interest in local affairs.","Many of Hurt's activities centered on his role as manager of the Douglas Land Company and in developing the company's holdings. He supervised the planting and operation of a commercial apple orchard, undertook game and fish conservation measures and built roads. Hurt was also involved in other business enterprises, many of which were probably connected--either directly or indirectly--with the Douglas Land Company. He served on the board of directors of the National Bank of Chilhowie and the Colonial Manufacturing Company; was vice-president of the Damascus Telephone Association and the Elk Garden Company and was president of the Smyth County Fair. Hurt died between 1916 and 1932.","The Douglas Land Company was organized in New York in 1904 to manage the Douglas family estate of Washington, Smyth and Grayson counties, Virginia. Under the management of William W. Hurt, the company developed timber, engaged in mineral prospecting and leased to local farmers lands from the estate, known as \"Laurel Farm.\" In 1910, the company sold 28,000 acres of timberland to the United States government as a forest reserve. Timber from other tracts of land was sold to lumber companies. W. L. Umbarger succeeded Hurt as manager upon the latter's death; Umbarger was later succeeded by H. P. Gills. The company had ceased operation by 1932.","Source:","Wilson, Goodridge, Smyth County History and Its Traditions ([S.l.]: The Author, 1932)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William W. Hurt Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William W. Hurt Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William W. Hurt Papers, Ms1992-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William W. Hurt Papers, Ms1992-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the William W. Hurt Papers commenced and was completed in April 2005.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the William W. Hurt Papers commenced and was completed in April 2005."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Washington and Smyth counties, Virginia. Records of the Douglas Land Company, of which Hurt served as general manager, comprise the larger part of the collection. These records consist primarily of lease agreements and deeds, as well as other contracts and legal documents. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains records of several other enterprises in which Hurt was involved; at least some of these--such as the Laurel River Farm--were directly connected to the Douglas Land Company. The collection also contains items relating to the Colonial Manufacturing Company, Damascus Telephone Association, Elk Garden Company, Helton Company, Laurel River Lumber Company, and the Smyth County Fair Association. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf Hurt's personal financial and legal papers, the collection contains several deeds and contracts into which he seems to have entered independent of his position with the Douglas Land Company. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a folder of documents--mostly receipts and doctor's prescriptions--belonging to J. B. Gilliam, a resident of Smyth County. Gilliam's connection to Hurt or the Douglas Land Company could not be determined while processing the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA folder of general materials completes the collection and contains, among other items, various legal documents; 1922-1923 temperature and rainfall statistics for Marion, Virginia; a map showing a Douglas Land Company tract that was burned in a 1910 fire, and a copy of William Hurt's will. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Washington and Smyth counties, Virginia. Records of the Douglas Land Company, of which Hurt served as general manager, comprise the larger part of the collection. These records consist primarily of lease agreements and deeds, as well as other contracts and legal documents.","The collection also contains records of several other enterprises in which Hurt was involved; at least some of these--such as the Laurel River Farm--were directly connected to the Douglas Land Company. The collection also contains items relating to the Colonial Manufacturing Company, Damascus Telephone Association, Elk Garden Company, Helton Company, Laurel River Lumber Company, and the Smyth County Fair Association.","Of Hurt's personal financial and legal papers, the collection contains several deeds and contracts into which he seems to have entered independent of his position with the Douglas Land Company.","The collection also contains a folder of documents--mostly receipts and doctor's prescriptions--belonging to J. B. Gilliam, a resident of Smyth County. Gilliam's connection to Hurt or the Douglas Land Company could not be determined while processing the collection.","A folder of general materials completes the collection and contains, among other items, various legal documents; 1922-1923 temperature and rainfall statistics for Marion, Virginia; a map showing a Douglas Land Company tract that was burned in a 1910 fire, and a copy of William Hurt's will."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0409fd13832eb8975648d8274bfa4810\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Smyth and Washington counties, Virginia. It includes deeds, leases and other business and legal documents pertaining to several businesses, particularly the Douglas Land Company.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of business and personal financial papers of William W. Hurt, of Smyth and Washington counties, Virginia. It includes deeds, leases and other business and legal documents pertaining to several businesses, particularly the Douglas Land Company."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Douglas Land Company (1904-1932)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Douglas Land Company (1904-1932)"],"persname_ssim":["Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Douglas Land Company (1904-1932)","Hurt, William W., b. abt. 1879"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":32,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:20.057Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1901"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_461","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William Yates Gholson letters, 1864/1887","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_461#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eWilliam Yates Gholson letters, 1864-1887, 0.03 cubic feet consist of three letters to William Gholson a letter received by M. Kaiser, a letter from a former slave named Rhody Kibble, a letter from Ed C. Fisher, Superintendent of the Savannah Insane Asylum, and [Josepha?] Erbe to M. Kaiser about family and money. (This letter is in German and has a transcription).\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_461#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_461","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_461","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_461","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_461","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_461.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/148749","title_filing_ssi":"Gholson, William Yates, letters","title_ssm":["William Yates Gholson letters"],"title_tesim":["William Yates Gholson letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864-1887"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1864-1887"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864/1887"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Yates Gholson letters, 1864/1887"],"text":["William Yates Gholson letters, 1864/1887","MSS 16002","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/461","The collection is open for research use.","William Yates Gholson letters, 1864-1887, 0.03 cubic feet consist of three letters to William Gholson a letter received by M. Kaiser, a letter from a former slave named Rhody Kibble, a letter from Ed C. Fisher, Superintendent of the Savannah Insane Asylum, and [Josepha?] Erbe to M. Kaiser about family and money. (This letter is in German and has a transcription).","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Yates Gholson letters, 1864/1887"],"collection_ssim":["William Yates Gholson letters, 1864/1887"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16002","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/461"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16002","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/461"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift of Christy Cheney to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia on August 11, 2015."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.03 Cubic Feet One folder in a legal document box BW 13."],"extent_tesim":["0.03 Cubic Feet One folder in a legal document box BW 13."],"date_range_isim":[1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16002, William Yates Gholson letters, Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16002, William Yates Gholson letters, Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Yates Gholson letters, 1864-1887, 0.03 cubic feet consist of three letters to William Gholson a letter received by M. Kaiser, a letter from a former slave named Rhody Kibble, a letter from Ed C. Fisher, Superintendent of the Savannah Insane Asylum, and [Josepha?] Erbe to M. Kaiser about family and money. (This letter is in German and has a transcription).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["William Yates Gholson letters, 1864-1887, 0.03 cubic feet consist of three letters to William Gholson a letter received by M. Kaiser, a letter from a former slave named Rhody Kibble, a letter from Ed C. Fisher, Superintendent of the Savannah Insane Asylum, and [Josepha?] Erbe to M. Kaiser about family and money. (This letter is in German and has a transcription)."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:12.250Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_461","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_461","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_461","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_461","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_461.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/148749","title_filing_ssi":"Gholson, William Yates, letters","title_ssm":["William Yates Gholson letters"],"title_tesim":["William Yates Gholson letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864-1887"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1864-1887"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864/1887"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Yates Gholson letters, 1864/1887"],"text":["William Yates Gholson letters, 1864/1887","MSS 16002","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/461","The collection is open for research use.","William Yates Gholson letters, 1864-1887, 0.03 cubic feet consist of three letters to William Gholson a letter received by M. Kaiser, a letter from a former slave named Rhody Kibble, a letter from Ed C. Fisher, Superintendent of the Savannah Insane Asylum, and [Josepha?] Erbe to M. Kaiser about family and money. (This letter is in German and has a transcription).","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Yates Gholson letters, 1864/1887"],"collection_ssim":["William Yates Gholson letters, 1864/1887"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16002","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/461"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16002","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/461"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift of Christy Cheney to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia on August 11, 2015."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.03 Cubic Feet One folder in a legal document box BW 13."],"extent_tesim":["0.03 Cubic Feet One folder in a legal document box BW 13."],"date_range_isim":[1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16002, William Yates Gholson letters, Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16002, William Yates Gholson letters, Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Yates Gholson letters, 1864-1887, 0.03 cubic feet consist of three letters to William Gholson a letter received by M. Kaiser, a letter from a former slave named Rhody Kibble, a letter from Ed C. Fisher, Superintendent of the Savannah Insane Asylum, and [Josepha?] Erbe to M. Kaiser about family and money. (This letter is in German and has a transcription).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["William Yates Gholson letters, 1864-1887, 0.03 cubic feet consist of three letters to William Gholson a letter received by M. Kaiser, a letter from a former slave named Rhody Kibble, a letter from Ed C. Fisher, Superintendent of the Savannah Insane Asylum, and [Josepha?] Erbe to M. Kaiser about family and money. (This letter is in German and has a transcription)."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:12.250Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_461"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2998","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Willis DeHass, Historian, Scrapbook regarding Ohio River Valley, 1868/1879","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2998#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"DeHass, Willis","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2998#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"A scrapbook of newspaper clippings, with manuscript notes, prepared by Willis DeHass, historian and author. The clips, mainly from Pittsburgh and Cincinnati papers, deal with the Monongahela and Ohio and other Ohio Valley rivers, steamboats, bridges, canals, dams, and levees. Mention is made of the Pittsburgh and Connellsville Railroad, 1868.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2998#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2998","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2998","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2998","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2998","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2998.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197040","title_ssm":["Willis DeHass, Historian, Scrapbook regarding Ohio River Valley"],"title_tesim":["Willis DeHass, Historian, Scrapbook regarding Ohio River Valley"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1868-1879"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1868-1879"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1868/1879"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Willis DeHass, Historian, Scrapbook regarding Ohio River Valley, 1868/1879"],"text":["Willis DeHass, Historian, Scrapbook regarding Ohio River Valley, 1868/1879","A\u0026M 0685","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2998","Cincinnati (Ohio)","Monongahela River (W. Va. and Pa.)","Ohio River","Ohio River Valley","Pittsburgh (Pa.)","Canals","Dams","Ohio Valley - rivers.","Railroads - Pittsburgh and Connellsville Railroad.","Rivers and river valleys.","Steamboats","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","A scrapbook of newspaper clippings, with manuscript notes, prepared by Willis DeHass, historian and author. The clips, mainly from Pittsburgh and Cincinnati papers, deal with the Monongahela and Ohio and other Ohio Valley rivers, steamboats, bridges, canals, dams, and levees. Mention is made of the Pittsburgh and Connellsville Railroad, 1868.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","DeHass, Willis","DeHass, Wills.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Willis DeHass, Historian, Scrapbook regarding Ohio River Valley, 1868/1879"],"collection_ssim":["Willis DeHass, Historian, Scrapbook regarding Ohio River Valley, 1868/1879"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0685","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2998"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0685","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2998"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Cincinnati (Ohio)","Monongahela River (W. Va. and Pa.)","Ohio River","Ohio River Valley","Pittsburgh (Pa.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Cincinnati (Ohio)","Monongahela River (W. Va. and Pa.)","Ohio River","Ohio River Valley","Pittsburgh (Pa.)"],"places_ssim":["Cincinnati (Ohio)","Monongahela River (W. Va. and Pa.)","Ohio River","Ohio River Valley","Pittsburgh (Pa.)"],"creator_ssm":["DeHass, Willis"],"creator_ssim":["DeHass, Willis"],"creator_persname_ssim":["DeHass, Willis","DeHass, Wills."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creators_ssim":["DeHass, Willis","DeHass, Wills.","West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Canals","Dams","Ohio Valley - rivers.","Railroads - Pittsburgh and Connellsville Railroad.","Rivers and river valleys.","Steamboats"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Canals","Dams","Ohio Valley - rivers.","Railroads - Pittsburgh and Connellsville Railroad.","Rivers and river valleys.","Steamboats"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Linear Feet 1.5 in. (1 folder)"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Linear Feet 1.5 in. (1 folder)"],"date_range_isim":[1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Willis DeHass, Historian, Scrapbook regarding Ohio River Valley, A\u0026amp;M 0685, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Willis DeHass, Historian, Scrapbook regarding Ohio River Valley, A\u0026M 0685, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3263d53ed9aa0319abecab438262334e\"\u003eA scrapbook of newspaper clippings, with manuscript notes, prepared by Willis DeHass, historian and author. The clips, mainly from Pittsburgh and Cincinnati papers, deal with the Monongahela and Ohio and other Ohio Valley rivers, steamboats, bridges, canals, dams, and levees. Mention is made of the Pittsburgh and Connellsville Railroad, 1868.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A scrapbook of newspaper clippings, with manuscript notes, prepared by Willis DeHass, historian and author. The clips, mainly from Pittsburgh and Cincinnati papers, deal with the Monongahela and Ohio and other Ohio Valley rivers, steamboats, bridges, canals, dams, and levees. Mention is made of the Pittsburgh and Connellsville Railroad, 1868."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_df136ff92950031d7106a09f8f23a07e\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"persname_ssim":["DeHass, Willis","DeHass, Wills."],"names_coll_ssim":["DeHass, Wills."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","DeHass, Willis","DeHass, Wills."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:08:46.649Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2998","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2998","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2998","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2998","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2998.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197040","title_ssm":["Willis DeHass, Historian, Scrapbook regarding Ohio River Valley"],"title_tesim":["Willis DeHass, Historian, Scrapbook regarding Ohio River Valley"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1868-1879"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1868-1879"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1868/1879"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Willis DeHass, Historian, Scrapbook regarding Ohio River Valley, 1868/1879"],"text":["Willis DeHass, Historian, Scrapbook regarding Ohio River Valley, 1868/1879","A\u0026M 0685","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2998","Cincinnati (Ohio)","Monongahela River (W. Va. and Pa.)","Ohio River","Ohio River Valley","Pittsburgh (Pa.)","Canals","Dams","Ohio Valley - rivers.","Railroads - Pittsburgh and Connellsville Railroad.","Rivers and river valleys.","Steamboats","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","A scrapbook of newspaper clippings, with manuscript notes, prepared by Willis DeHass, historian and author. The clips, mainly from Pittsburgh and Cincinnati papers, deal with the Monongahela and Ohio and other Ohio Valley rivers, steamboats, bridges, canals, dams, and levees. Mention is made of the Pittsburgh and Connellsville Railroad, 1868.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","DeHass, Willis","DeHass, Wills.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Willis DeHass, Historian, Scrapbook regarding Ohio River Valley, 1868/1879"],"collection_ssim":["Willis DeHass, Historian, Scrapbook regarding Ohio River Valley, 1868/1879"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0685","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2998"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0685","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2998"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Cincinnati (Ohio)","Monongahela River (W. 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For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Canals","Dams","Ohio Valley - rivers.","Railroads - Pittsburgh and Connellsville Railroad.","Rivers and river valleys.","Steamboats"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Canals","Dams","Ohio Valley - rivers.","Railroads - Pittsburgh and Connellsville Railroad.","Rivers and river valleys.","Steamboats"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Linear Feet 1.5 in. (1 folder)"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Linear Feet 1.5 in. 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Mention is made of the Pittsburgh and Connellsville Railroad, 1868.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A scrapbook of newspaper clippings, with manuscript notes, prepared by Willis DeHass, historian and author. The clips, mainly from Pittsburgh and Cincinnati papers, deal with the Monongahela and Ohio and other Ohio Valley rivers, steamboats, bridges, canals, dams, and levees. Mention is made of the Pittsburgh and Connellsville Railroad, 1868."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_df136ff92950031d7106a09f8f23a07e\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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Guy Tetrick and his son Willis G. Tetrick, Jr. The Tetricks were from Harrison County and the material in the collection mainly regards families of Harrison County and north central West Virginia. The collection contains mostly original genealogical compilations and family histories. 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Va.)","Braxton County (W. Va.)","Calhoun County (W. Va.)","Clarksburg (W. Va.)","Doddridge County (W. Va.)","Gilmer County (W. Va.)","Hampshire County (W. Va.)","Hardy County (W. Va.)","Harrison County (W. Va.)","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Lewis County.","Marion County (W. Va.)","Mason County (W. Va.)","Mineral County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Nicholas County (W. Va.)","Pleasants County (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Ritchie County (W. Va.)","Roane County (W. Va.)","Taylor County (W. Va.)","Tucker County (W. Va.)","Tyler County (W. Va.)","Upshur County (W. Va.)","Wetzel County (W. Va.)","Wirt County (W. Va.)","Wood County (W. Va.)","Calhoun County (W. Va.)  -- Genealogy","Account books","Bibles","Birth certificates","Birth, marriage, and death records.","Cemeteries and cemetery readings","Court records - Harrison County.","Death records.","Deeds and leases.","Diaries and journals.","Estates and estate settlements.","Family histories.","Genealogists' letters and papers.","Genealogy","Harrison County - Early families.","Historical Records Survey (U.S.)","Ledgers.","Marriage records","Taxation","Business correspondence","No special access restriction applies.","W. Guy Tetrick (3 January 1883-15 July 1956) was a native of Harrison County, West Virginia. As a young man, he moved to Clarksburg, serving as deputy county clerk, then later as county clerk and in various other civil positions. Tetrick was one of the founders, and later the manager, of the local newspaper the \"Clarksburg Exponent\". He was also involved in a number of other local businesses. Tetrick maintained a lifetime interest in genealogy and local history, the result of which was this collection, perhaps the most comprehensive private family history collection ever compiled for West Virginia. Tetrick was also a founding member of the George Rogers Clark chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution.","Willis Guy Tetrick, Jr. (23 August 1911-30 December 1995) was the oldest of W. Guy Tetrick's four children. He attended West Virginia University, graduating in 1934. He was a retired lieutenant colonel from the Army Corps of Engineers and was owner and operator of Mineral Property Management. He shared his father's interest in history and genealogy.","A dedication ceremony for the collection was held on 20 September 1997. Copies of the program from this ceremony can be found in the Subject Series, box 6, folder 8C.","Genealogy research papers compiled by W. Guy Tetrick and his son Willis G. Tetrick, Jr. The Tetricks were from Harrison County and the material in the collection mainly regards families of Harrison County and north central West Virginia. The collection contains mostly original genealogical compilations and family histories. It also contains personal and business correspondence; financial records; publications regarding local and state history; newspapers and news clippings; obituaries, cemetery records; records of the Sons of the American Revolution; and other material.","The Tetrick collection included numerous books and journals, and about 1,800 of them were added to the Libraries' collections. The vast majority of them were about genealogy, family history, and local history of West Virginia and neighboring states. In the WVU Libraries instance of WorldCat, a keyword search on \"Tetrick\" limited by location to \"West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center\" will retrieve titles from his Collection that were placed in the Rare Book Room, as well as works he authored. Other separated titles can be found by examining a list located in the Subject series, located in box 6, folders 8B-8C. A special bookplate was attached in all volumes from the Tetrick collection.","Unboxed item nos. 275-291 (Maryland Historical Magazine vol. XX no. 2 and vol. XXI nos. 1-4, 8-10, 12-20) were forwarded to the rare book librarian in August 2004 and are currently available in the West Virginia Collection under call number 975.2 M368.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Genealogy research papers compiled by W. Guy Tetrick and his son Willis G. 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Va.)","Mineral County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Nicholas County (W. Va.)","Pleasants County (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Ritchie County (W. Va.)","Roane County (W. Va.)","Taylor County (W. Va.)","Tucker County (W. Va.)","Tyler County (W. Va.)","Upshur County (W. Va.)","Wetzel County (W. Va.)","Wirt County (W. Va.)","Wood County (W. Va.)","Calhoun County (W. Va.)  -- Genealogy"],"places_ssim":["Alleghany County (Va.)","Boone County (W. Va.)","Braxton County (W. Va.)","Calhoun County (W. Va.)","Clarksburg (W. Va.)","Doddridge County (W. Va.)","Gilmer County (W. Va.)","Hampshire County (W. Va.)","Hardy County (W. Va.)","Harrison County (W. Va.)","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Lewis County.","Marion County (W. Va.)","Mason County (W. Va.)","Mineral County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Nicholas County (W. Va.)","Pleasants County (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Ritchie County (W. Va.)","Roane County (W. Va.)","Taylor County (W. Va.)","Tucker County (W. Va.)","Tyler County (W. Va.)","Upshur County (W. Va.)","Wetzel County (W. Va.)","Wirt County (W. Va.)","Wood County (W. Va.)","Calhoun County (W. Va.)  -- Genealogy"],"creator_ssm":["Tetrick, Willis Guy, Jr., 1911-1995"],"creator_ssim":["Tetrick, Willis Guy, Jr., 1911-1995"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tetrick, Willis Guy, Jr., 1911-1995","Tetrick, W. Guy, 1883-1956"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Sons of the American Revolution - West Virginia Society.","Sons of the Revolution"],"creators_ssim":["Tetrick, Willis Guy, Jr., 1911-1995","Tetrick, W. Guy, 1883-1956","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Sons of the American Revolution - West Virginia Society.","Sons of the Revolution"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. 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Guy Tetrick (3 January 1883-15 July 1956) was a native of Harrison County, West Virginia. As a young man, he moved to Clarksburg, serving as deputy county clerk, then later as county clerk and in various other civil positions. Tetrick was one of the founders, and later the manager, of the local newspaper the \"Clarksburg Exponent\". He was also involved in a number of other local businesses. Tetrick maintained a lifetime interest in genealogy and local history, the result of which was this collection, perhaps the most comprehensive private family history collection ever compiled for West Virginia. Tetrick was also a founding member of the George Rogers Clark chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n Willis Guy Tetrick, Jr. (23 August 1911-30 December 1995) was the oldest of W. Guy Tetrick's four children. He attended West Virginia University, graduating in 1934. He was a retired lieutenant colonel from the Army Corps of Engineers and was owner and operator of Mineral Property Management. He shared his father's interest in history and genealogy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n A dedication ceremony for the collection was held on 20 September 1997. Copies of the program from this ceremony can be found in the Subject Series, box 6, folder 8C.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["W. Guy Tetrick (3 January 1883-15 July 1956) was a native of Harrison County, West Virginia. As a young man, he moved to Clarksburg, serving as deputy county clerk, then later as county clerk and in various other civil positions. Tetrick was one of the founders, and later the manager, of the local newspaper the \"Clarksburg Exponent\". He was also involved in a number of other local businesses. Tetrick maintained a lifetime interest in genealogy and local history, the result of which was this collection, perhaps the most comprehensive private family history collection ever compiled for West Virginia. Tetrick was also a founding member of the George Rogers Clark chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution.","Willis Guy Tetrick, Jr. (23 August 1911-30 December 1995) was the oldest of W. Guy Tetrick's four children. He attended West Virginia University, graduating in 1934. He was a retired lieutenant colonel from the Army Corps of Engineers and was owner and operator of Mineral Property Management. He shared his father's interest in history and genealogy.","A dedication ceremony for the collection was held on 20 September 1997. Copies of the program from this ceremony can be found in the Subject Series, box 6, folder 8C."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Willis Guy Tetrick, Jr. Genealogy Research Papers, A\u0026amp;M 3230, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Willis Guy Tetrick, Jr. Genealogy Research Papers, A\u0026M 3230, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGenealogy research papers compiled by W. Guy Tetrick and his son Willis G. Tetrick, Jr. The Tetricks were from Harrison County and the material in the collection mainly regards families of Harrison County and north central West Virginia. The collection contains mostly original genealogical compilations and family histories. It also contains personal and business correspondence; financial records; publications regarding local and state history; newspapers and news clippings; obituaries, cemetery records; records of the Sons of the American Revolution; and other material.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Genealogy research papers compiled by W. Guy Tetrick and his son Willis G. Tetrick, Jr. The Tetricks were from Harrison County and the material in the collection mainly regards families of Harrison County and north central West Virginia. The collection contains mostly original genealogical compilations and family histories. It also contains personal and business correspondence; financial records; publications regarding local and state history; newspapers and news clippings; obituaries, cemetery records; records of the Sons of the American Revolution; and other material."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Tetrick collection included numerous books and journals, and about 1,800 of them were added to the Libraries' collections. The vast majority of them were about genealogy, family history, and local history of West Virginia and neighboring states. In the WVU Libraries instance of WorldCat, a keyword search on \"Tetrick\" limited by location to \"West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\" will retrieve titles from his Collection that were placed in the Rare Book Room, as well as works he authored. Other separated titles can be found by examining a list located in the Subject series, located in box 6, folders 8B-8C. A special bookplate was attached in all volumes from the Tetrick collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n  Unboxed item nos. 275-291 (Maryland Historical Magazine vol. XX no. 2 and vol. XXI nos. 1-4, 8-10, 12-20) were forwarded to the rare book librarian in August 2004 and are currently available in the West Virginia Collection under call number 975.2 M368.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The Tetrick collection included numerous books and journals, and about 1,800 of them were added to the Libraries' collections. The vast majority of them were about genealogy, family history, and local history of West Virginia and neighboring states. In the WVU Libraries instance of WorldCat, a keyword search on \"Tetrick\" limited by location to \"West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center\" will retrieve titles from his Collection that were placed in the Rare Book Room, as well as works he authored. Other separated titles can be found by examining a list located in the Subject series, located in box 6, folders 8B-8C. A special bookplate was attached in all volumes from the Tetrick collection.","Unboxed item nos. 275-291 (Maryland Historical Magazine vol. XX no. 2 and vol. XXI nos. 1-4, 8-10, 12-20) were forwarded to the rare book librarian in August 2004 and are currently available in the West Virginia Collection under call number 975.2 M368."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_93daad8bd2680419abaff0a365245f89\"\u003eGenealogy research papers compiled by W. Guy Tetrick and his son Willis G. Tetrick, Jr. The Tetricks were from Harrison County and the material in the collection mainly regards families of Harrison County and north central West Virginia. The collection contains mostly original genealogical compilations and family histories. It also contains personal and business correspondence; financial records; publications regarding local and state history; newspapers and news clippings; obituaries, cemetery records; records of the Sons of the American Revolution; and other material.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Genealogy research papers compiled by W. Guy Tetrick and his son Willis G. Tetrick, Jr. The Tetricks were from Harrison County and the material in the collection mainly regards families of Harrison County and north central West Virginia. The collection contains mostly original genealogical compilations and family histories. It also contains personal and business correspondence; financial records; publications regarding local and state history; newspapers and news clippings; obituaries, cemetery records; records of the Sons of the American Revolution; and other material."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_4a9a26df8433286b2f441579171f393c\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Sons of the American Revolution - West Virginia Society.","Sons of the Revolution"],"names_coll_ssim":["Sons of the American Revolution - West Virginia Society.","Sons of the Revolution","Tetrick, W. Guy, 1883-1956"],"persname_ssim":["Tetrick, Willis Guy, Jr., 1911-1995","Tetrick, W. Guy, 1883-1956"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Sons of the American Revolution - West Virginia Society.","Sons of the Revolution","Tetrick, Willis Guy, Jr., 1911-1995","Tetrick, W. 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Va.)  -- Genealogy","Account books","Bibles","Birth certificates","Birth, marriage, and death records.","Cemeteries and cemetery readings","Court records - Harrison County.","Death records.","Deeds and leases.","Diaries and journals.","Estates and estate settlements.","Family histories.","Genealogists' letters and papers.","Genealogy","Harrison County - Early families.","Historical Records Survey (U.S.)","Ledgers.","Marriage records","Taxation","Business correspondence","No special access restriction applies.","W. Guy Tetrick (3 January 1883-15 July 1956) was a native of Harrison County, West Virginia. As a young man, he moved to Clarksburg, serving as deputy county clerk, then later as county clerk and in various other civil positions. Tetrick was one of the founders, and later the manager, of the local newspaper the \"Clarksburg Exponent\". He was also involved in a number of other local businesses. Tetrick maintained a lifetime interest in genealogy and local history, the result of which was this collection, perhaps the most comprehensive private family history collection ever compiled for West Virginia. Tetrick was also a founding member of the George Rogers Clark chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution.","Willis Guy Tetrick, Jr. (23 August 1911-30 December 1995) was the oldest of W. Guy Tetrick's four children. He attended West Virginia University, graduating in 1934. He was a retired lieutenant colonel from the Army Corps of Engineers and was owner and operator of Mineral Property Management. He shared his father's interest in history and genealogy.","A dedication ceremony for the collection was held on 20 September 1997. Copies of the program from this ceremony can be found in the Subject Series, box 6, folder 8C.","Genealogy research papers compiled by W. Guy Tetrick and his son Willis G. Tetrick, Jr. The Tetricks were from Harrison County and the material in the collection mainly regards families of Harrison County and north central West Virginia. The collection contains mostly original genealogical compilations and family histories. It also contains personal and business correspondence; financial records; publications regarding local and state history; newspapers and news clippings; obituaries, cemetery records; records of the Sons of the American Revolution; and other material.","The Tetrick collection included numerous books and journals, and about 1,800 of them were added to the Libraries' collections. The vast majority of them were about genealogy, family history, and local history of West Virginia and neighboring states. 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Tetrick, Jr. The Tetricks were from Harrison County and the material in the collection mainly regards families of Harrison County and north central West Virginia. The collection contains mostly original genealogical compilations and family histories. It also contains personal and business correspondence; financial records; publications regarding local and state history; newspapers and news clippings; obituaries, cemetery records; records of the Sons of the American Revolution; and other material.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Sons of the American Revolution - West Virginia Society.","Sons of the Revolution","Tetrick, Willis Guy, Jr., 1911-1995","Tetrick, W. 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Va.)","Mineral County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Nicholas County (W. Va.)","Pleasants County (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Ritchie County (W. Va.)","Roane County (W. Va.)","Taylor County (W. Va.)","Tucker County (W. Va.)","Tyler County (W. Va.)","Upshur County (W. Va.)","Wetzel County (W. Va.)","Wirt County (W. Va.)","Wood County (W. Va.)","Calhoun County (W. Va.)  -- Genealogy"],"places_ssim":["Alleghany County (Va.)","Boone County (W. Va.)","Braxton County (W. Va.)","Calhoun County (W. Va.)","Clarksburg (W. Va.)","Doddridge County (W. Va.)","Gilmer County (W. Va.)","Hampshire County (W. Va.)","Hardy County (W. Va.)","Harrison County (W. Va.)","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Lewis County.","Marion County (W. Va.)","Mason County (W. Va.)","Mineral County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Nicholas County (W. Va.)","Pleasants County (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Ritchie County (W. Va.)","Roane County (W. Va.)","Taylor County (W. Va.)","Tucker County (W. Va.)","Tyler County (W. Va.)","Upshur County (W. Va.)","Wetzel County (W. Va.)","Wirt County (W. Va.)","Wood County (W. Va.)","Calhoun County (W. Va.)  -- Genealogy"],"creator_ssm":["Tetrick, Willis Guy, Jr., 1911-1995"],"creator_ssim":["Tetrick, Willis Guy, Jr., 1911-1995"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tetrick, Willis Guy, Jr., 1911-1995","Tetrick, W. Guy, 1883-1956"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Sons of the American Revolution - West Virginia Society.","Sons of the Revolution"],"creators_ssim":["Tetrick, Willis Guy, Jr., 1911-1995","Tetrick, W. Guy, 1883-1956","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Sons of the American Revolution - West Virginia Society.","Sons of the Revolution"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. 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Guy Tetrick (3 January 1883-15 July 1956) was a native of Harrison County, West Virginia. As a young man, he moved to Clarksburg, serving as deputy county clerk, then later as county clerk and in various other civil positions. Tetrick was one of the founders, and later the manager, of the local newspaper the \"Clarksburg Exponent\". He was also involved in a number of other local businesses. Tetrick maintained a lifetime interest in genealogy and local history, the result of which was this collection, perhaps the most comprehensive private family history collection ever compiled for West Virginia. Tetrick was also a founding member of the George Rogers Clark chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n Willis Guy Tetrick, Jr. (23 August 1911-30 December 1995) was the oldest of W. Guy Tetrick's four children. He attended West Virginia University, graduating in 1934. He was a retired lieutenant colonel from the Army Corps of Engineers and was owner and operator of Mineral Property Management. He shared his father's interest in history and genealogy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n A dedication ceremony for the collection was held on 20 September 1997. Copies of the program from this ceremony can be found in the Subject Series, box 6, folder 8C.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["W. Guy Tetrick (3 January 1883-15 July 1956) was a native of Harrison County, West Virginia. As a young man, he moved to Clarksburg, serving as deputy county clerk, then later as county clerk and in various other civil positions. Tetrick was one of the founders, and later the manager, of the local newspaper the \"Clarksburg Exponent\". He was also involved in a number of other local businesses. Tetrick maintained a lifetime interest in genealogy and local history, the result of which was this collection, perhaps the most comprehensive private family history collection ever compiled for West Virginia. Tetrick was also a founding member of the George Rogers Clark chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution.","Willis Guy Tetrick, Jr. (23 August 1911-30 December 1995) was the oldest of W. Guy Tetrick's four children. He attended West Virginia University, graduating in 1934. He was a retired lieutenant colonel from the Army Corps of Engineers and was owner and operator of Mineral Property Management. He shared his father's interest in history and genealogy.","A dedication ceremony for the collection was held on 20 September 1997. Copies of the program from this ceremony can be found in the Subject Series, box 6, folder 8C."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Willis Guy Tetrick, Jr. Genealogy Research Papers, A\u0026amp;M 3230, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Willis Guy Tetrick, Jr. Genealogy Research Papers, A\u0026M 3230, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGenealogy research papers compiled by W. Guy Tetrick and his son Willis G. Tetrick, Jr. The Tetricks were from Harrison County and the material in the collection mainly regards families of Harrison County and north central West Virginia. The collection contains mostly original genealogical compilations and family histories. It also contains personal and business correspondence; financial records; publications regarding local and state history; newspapers and news clippings; obituaries, cemetery records; records of the Sons of the American Revolution; and other material.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Genealogy research papers compiled by W. Guy Tetrick and his son Willis G. Tetrick, Jr. The Tetricks were from Harrison County and the material in the collection mainly regards families of Harrison County and north central West Virginia. The collection contains mostly original genealogical compilations and family histories. It also contains personal and business correspondence; financial records; publications regarding local and state history; newspapers and news clippings; obituaries, cemetery records; records of the Sons of the American Revolution; and other material."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Tetrick collection included numerous books and journals, and about 1,800 of them were added to the Libraries' collections. The vast majority of them were about genealogy, family history, and local history of West Virginia and neighboring states. In the WVU Libraries instance of WorldCat, a keyword search on \"Tetrick\" limited by location to \"West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\" will retrieve titles from his Collection that were placed in the Rare Book Room, as well as works he authored. Other separated titles can be found by examining a list located in the Subject series, located in box 6, folders 8B-8C. A special bookplate was attached in all volumes from the Tetrick collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n  Unboxed item nos. 275-291 (Maryland Historical Magazine vol. XX no. 2 and vol. XXI nos. 1-4, 8-10, 12-20) were forwarded to the rare book librarian in August 2004 and are currently available in the West Virginia Collection under call number 975.2 M368.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The Tetrick collection included numerous books and journals, and about 1,800 of them were added to the Libraries' collections. The vast majority of them were about genealogy, family history, and local history of West Virginia and neighboring states. In the WVU Libraries instance of WorldCat, a keyword search on \"Tetrick\" limited by location to \"West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center\" will retrieve titles from his Collection that were placed in the Rare Book Room, as well as works he authored. Other separated titles can be found by examining a list located in the Subject series, located in box 6, folders 8B-8C. A special bookplate was attached in all volumes from the Tetrick collection.","Unboxed item nos. 275-291 (Maryland Historical Magazine vol. XX no. 2 and vol. XXI nos. 1-4, 8-10, 12-20) were forwarded to the rare book librarian in August 2004 and are currently available in the West Virginia Collection under call number 975.2 M368."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_93daad8bd2680419abaff0a365245f89\"\u003eGenealogy research papers compiled by W. Guy Tetrick and his son Willis G. Tetrick, Jr. The Tetricks were from Harrison County and the material in the collection mainly regards families of Harrison County and north central West Virginia. The collection contains mostly original genealogical compilations and family histories. It also contains personal and business correspondence; financial records; publications regarding local and state history; newspapers and news clippings; obituaries, cemetery records; records of the Sons of the American Revolution; and other material.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Genealogy research papers compiled by W. Guy Tetrick and his son Willis G. Tetrick, Jr. The Tetricks were from Harrison County and the material in the collection mainly regards families of Harrison County and north central West Virginia. The collection contains mostly original genealogical compilations and family histories. It also contains personal and business correspondence; financial records; publications regarding local and state history; newspapers and news clippings; obituaries, cemetery records; records of the Sons of the American Revolution; and other material."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_4a9a26df8433286b2f441579171f393c\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Sons of the American Revolution - West Virginia Society.","Sons of the Revolution"],"names_coll_ssim":["Sons of the American Revolution - West Virginia Society.","Sons of the Revolution","Tetrick, W. Guy, 1883-1956"],"persname_ssim":["Tetrick, Willis Guy, Jr., 1911-1995","Tetrick, W. Guy, 1883-1956"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Sons of the American Revolution - West Virginia Society.","Sons of the Revolution","Tetrick, Willis Guy, Jr., 1911-1995","Tetrick, W. Guy, 1883-1956"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":980,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:10:24.538Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5372"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_558","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Willis O. Harris collection, 1864/1911","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_558#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Harris, Willis O. (Willis Overton), 1847-1911","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_558#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of items related to Willis O. Harris, including: \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne letter (dated April 17th, 1864) from Harris that primarily contains family news. The letter also mentions the uncertainty of whether or not the Corps will be called into the Army.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne page from the family bible that lists the births of his siblings (1831-1852)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne typescript tribute to Judge Harris (1911)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne pamphlet titled \"Some Great Lawyers of Kentucky\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne candid photograph of Judge Harris (circa 1900)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_558#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_558","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_558","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_558","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_558","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_558.xml","title_ssm":["Willis O. Harris collection"],"title_tesim":["Willis O. Harris collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864-1911"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1864-1911"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864/1911"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Willis O. Harris collection, 1864/1911"],"text":["Willis O. Harris collection, 1864/1911","MS.0478","/repositories/3/resources/558","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1867","New Market Cadets","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Correspondence","Photographs","Pamphlets","There are no restrictions.","Willis Overton Harris was born in 1847 in Mill Quarter, Powhatan County, Virginia. He graduated from VMI in 1867 and was a New Market cadet. He had a career as a lawyer and judge in Louisville, Kentucky. Harris died in 1911 in Lousville.","This collection consists of items related to Willis O. Harris, including:\n\nOne letter (dated April 17th, 1864) from  Harris that primarily contains family news. The letter also mentions the uncertainty of whether or not the Corps will be called into the Army.\nOne page from the family bible that lists the births of his siblings (1831-1852)\nOne typescript tribute to Judge Harris (1911)\nOne pamphlet titled \"Some Great Lawyers of Kentucky\"\nOne candid photograph of Judge Harris (circa 1900)","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Harris, Willis O. (Willis Overton), 1847-1911","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Willis O. Harris collection, 1864/1911"],"collection_ssim":["Willis O. Harris collection, 1864/1911"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0478","/repositories/3/resources/558"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0478","/repositories/3/resources/558"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Harris, Willis O. (Willis Overton), 1847-1911"],"creator_ssim":["Harris, Willis O. (Willis Overton), 1847-1911"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Harris, Willis O. (Willis Overton), 1847-1911"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Harris, Willis O. (Willis Overton), 1847-1911","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1867","New Market Cadets","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Correspondence","Photographs","Pamphlets"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1867","New Market Cadets","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Correspondence","Photographs","Pamphlets"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5 items"],"extent_tesim":["5 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Photographs","Pamphlets"],"date_range_isim":[1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWillis Overton Harris was born in 1847 in Mill Quarter, Powhatan County, Virginia. He graduated from VMI in 1867 and was a New Market cadet. He had a career as a lawyer and judge in Louisville, Kentucky. Harris died in 1911 in Lousville.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Willis Overton Harris was born in 1847 in Mill Quarter, Powhatan County, Virginia. He graduated from VMI in 1867 and was a New Market cadet. He had a career as a lawyer and judge in Louisville, Kentucky. Harris died in 1911 in Lousville."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWillis O. Harris collection, 1864-1911. MS 0478. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Willis O. Harris collection, 1864-1911. MS 0478. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of items related to Willis O. Harris, including:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne letter (dated April 17th, 1864) from  Harris that primarily contains family news. The letter also mentions the uncertainty of whether or not the Corps will be called into the Army.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne page from the family bible that lists the births of his siblings (1831-1852)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne typescript tribute to Judge Harris (1911)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne pamphlet titled \"Some Great Lawyers of Kentucky\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne candid photograph of Judge Harris (circa 1900)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of items related to Willis O. Harris, including:\n\nOne letter (dated April 17th, 1864) from  Harris that primarily contains family news. The letter also mentions the uncertainty of whether or not the Corps will be called into the Army.\nOne page from the family bible that lists the births of his siblings (1831-1852)\nOne typescript tribute to Judge Harris (1911)\nOne pamphlet titled \"Some Great Lawyers of Kentucky\"\nOne candid photograph of Judge Harris (circa 1900)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_20fe63e0f9866a495b6fb8a5fc929352\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Harris, Willis O. (Willis Overton), 1847-1911"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Harris, Willis O. (Willis Overton), 1847-1911"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:37:30.860Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_558","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_558","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_558","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_558","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_558.xml","title_ssm":["Willis O. Harris collection"],"title_tesim":["Willis O. Harris collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864-1911"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1864-1911"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864/1911"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Willis O. Harris collection, 1864/1911"],"text":["Willis O. Harris collection, 1864/1911","MS.0478","/repositories/3/resources/558","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1867","New Market Cadets","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Correspondence","Photographs","Pamphlets","There are no restrictions.","Willis Overton Harris was born in 1847 in Mill Quarter, Powhatan County, Virginia. He graduated from VMI in 1867 and was a New Market cadet. He had a career as a lawyer and judge in Louisville, Kentucky. Harris died in 1911 in Lousville.","This collection consists of items related to Willis O. Harris, including:\n\nOne letter (dated April 17th, 1864) from  Harris that primarily contains family news. The letter also mentions the uncertainty of whether or not the Corps will be called into the Army.\nOne page from the family bible that lists the births of his siblings (1831-1852)\nOne typescript tribute to Judge Harris (1911)\nOne pamphlet titled \"Some Great Lawyers of Kentucky\"\nOne candid photograph of Judge Harris (circa 1900)","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Harris, Willis O. (Willis Overton), 1847-1911","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Willis O. Harris collection, 1864/1911"],"collection_ssim":["Willis O. Harris collection, 1864/1911"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0478","/repositories/3/resources/558"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0478","/repositories/3/resources/558"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Harris, Willis O. (Willis Overton), 1847-1911"],"creator_ssim":["Harris, Willis O. (Willis Overton), 1847-1911"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Harris, Willis O. (Willis Overton), 1847-1911"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Harris, Willis O. (Willis Overton), 1847-1911","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1867","New Market Cadets","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Correspondence","Photographs","Pamphlets"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1867","New Market Cadets","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Correspondence","Photographs","Pamphlets"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5 items"],"extent_tesim":["5 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Photographs","Pamphlets"],"date_range_isim":[1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWillis Overton Harris was born in 1847 in Mill Quarter, Powhatan County, Virginia. He graduated from VMI in 1867 and was a New Market cadet. He had a career as a lawyer and judge in Louisville, Kentucky. Harris died in 1911 in Lousville.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Willis Overton Harris was born in 1847 in Mill Quarter, Powhatan County, Virginia. He graduated from VMI in 1867 and was a New Market cadet. He had a career as a lawyer and judge in Louisville, Kentucky. Harris died in 1911 in Lousville."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWillis O. Harris collection, 1864-1911. MS 0478. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Willis O. Harris collection, 1864-1911. MS 0478. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of items related to Willis O. Harris, including:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne letter (dated April 17th, 1864) from  Harris that primarily contains family news. The letter also mentions the uncertainty of whether or not the Corps will be called into the Army.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne page from the family bible that lists the births of his siblings (1831-1852)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne typescript tribute to Judge Harris (1911)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne pamphlet titled \"Some Great Lawyers of Kentucky\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne candid photograph of Judge Harris (circa 1900)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of items related to Willis O. Harris, including:\n\nOne letter (dated April 17th, 1864) from  Harris that primarily contains family news. The letter also mentions the uncertainty of whether or not the Corps will be called into the Army.\nOne page from the family bible that lists the births of his siblings (1831-1852)\nOne typescript tribute to Judge Harris (1911)\nOne pamphlet titled \"Some Great Lawyers of Kentucky\"\nOne candid photograph of Judge Harris (circa 1900)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_20fe63e0f9866a495b6fb8a5fc929352\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Harris, Willis O. (Willis Overton), 1847-1911"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Harris, Willis O. (Willis Overton), 1847-1911"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:37:30.860Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_558"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3665","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Wilson and Stribling Families Papers, 1781/1934","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3665#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wilson and Stribling Families","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3665#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Correspondence, clippings, land papers, and other records of James Wilson, an attorney in Wood County, ca.1800-1820; Robert M. Stribling and other members of the Stribling family in Mason County, 1821-ca.1909; and James A. and Otis Young, ca.1900-1934, in Mason County. A pocket diary of James Wilson gives information on his law practice in Kanawha, Monongalia, and Wood counties in 1804.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3665#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3665","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3665","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3665","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3665","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_3665.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197504","title_ssm":["Wilson and Stribling Families Papers"],"title_tesim":["Wilson and Stribling Families Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1781-1934"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1781-1934"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1781/1934"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wilson and Stribling Families Papers, 1781/1934"],"text":["Wilson and Stribling Families Papers, 1781/1934","A\u0026M 0880","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3665","Great Britain","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Mason County.","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Point Pleasant (W. Va.)","Wood County (W. Va.)","United States -- History -- French and Indian War, 1754-1763","Civil War - Ohio 11th Volunteer Infantry.","Election of 1860.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Taxation","No special access restriction applies.","Correspondence, clippings, land papers, and other records of: James Wilson, an attorney in Wood County, ca.1800-1820; Robert M. Stribling and other members of the Stribling family in Mason County, 1821-ca.1909; and James A. and Otis Young, ca.1900-1934, in Mason County. A pocket diary of James Wilson gives information on his law practice in Kanawha, Monongalia, and Wood counties in 1804.","The James Wilson diary of 1804 (in box 3) begins in May documenting a trip to Morgantown starting at a point near Winchester, Virginia (although he could have begun his trip earlier from Alexandria, Virginia on evidence of a 14 May 1804 letter to Wilson in Alexandria from John A. Smith in Falmouth, Virginia (see addenda in box 3). The diary includes details such as names of taverns where he stayed, what he ate and drank (including whiskey), ferriage (for example \"over the North Branch\"), canoeing, distances traveled, and expenses. There is also a record of a trip to Clarksburg. The diary also includes many listings of clients and types of legal work performed in western Virginia.","Other items of interest (in box 3) include: 1) \"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\"; 2) two handbills advertising a \"Select Ball\" (12 December 1859) and \"A Cotillion Party\" (20 February 1865 in Point Pleasant, West Virginia during the Civil War); 3) prospectus announcing the establishment of the \"Western Virginian\", a Democratic Mason County newspaper advocating the election of John C. Breckinrdige and Joseph Lane in the 1860 U.S. Presidential election; 4) one handbill requesting a gathering of the \"Friends of Southern Rights\" in Richmond, Virginia on 16 April 1861, including a listing of personal names and counties of origin (the Ordinance of Secession passed the Virginia Legislature on 17 April 1861); and 5) reminiscence by C.N. Burns regarding life in Point Pleasant, Virginia during its occupation by the 11th Ohio Volunteer Infantry during 1861-1863 that appeared in the 26 January and 2 February, 1899 issues of the newspaper \"The Buckeye\" published in Troy, Ohio. Written in a humorous style reminiscent of Mark Twain, the Burns narrative describes daily routines (including mention of gambling and steamboats), prominent personalites, and disturbances due to the Civil War.","\"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\" (separated to the rare book collection) was published in Philadelphia by John Bloren for William Y. Birch, and includes 164 pages. Pages 5-17 include an almanac. Pages 18-89 contain blank ruled pages for the days of the year with a few annotations by, presumably, James Wilson. Pages 90-164 contain substantial listings and tabulations of information regarding the government, military, and commerce of the United States including: a listings of officials of the United State Government and Judiciary; listings of officers in the army, navy, and marines; coins of the United States; duties on goods imported; terms of credit for duties; rate at which foreign coins are estimated; time of arrival and closing the mails at Philadelphia; enumeration of the inhabitants of the United States; table of the value and weight of coins; table showing the value of dollars; table reducing pence and shillings to cents; table showing the value of 100 pounds sterling in Pennsylvania currency, and dollars and cents, at the different rates of exchange; rules for reducing the currencies of the different states into each other; and a tide table.","Separated to rare books: \"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\". Philadelphia: Bloren, John, [1803] (This item is described in the Scope and Content Note of this collection.)","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Correspondence, clippings, land papers, and other records of James Wilson, an attorney in Wood County, ca.1800-1820; Robert M. Stribling and other members of the Stribling family in Mason County, 1821-ca.1909; and James A. and Otis Young, ca.1900-1934, in Mason County. A pocket diary of James Wilson gives information on his law practice in Kanawha, Monongalia, and Wood counties in 1804.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Wilson and Stribling Families","Stribling family","Wilson family","Burr, Aaron, 1756-1836","Stribling, Robert M. 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(Robert Mackey), 1833-1914","Wilson, James","Young, James A.","Young, Otis","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Wilson and Stribling Families","Stribling family","Wilson family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War - Ohio 11th Volunteer Infantry.","Election of 1860.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Taxation"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War - Ohio 11th Volunteer Infantry.","Election of 1860.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Taxation"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.25 Linear Feet 1 ft. 3 in. (3 document cases, 5 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["1.25 Linear Feet 1 ft. 3 in. (3 document cases, 5 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Wilson and Stribling Families Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0880, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Wilson and Stribling Families Papers, A\u0026M 0880, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, clippings, land papers, and other records of: James Wilson, an attorney in Wood County, ca.1800-1820; Robert M. Stribling and other members of the Stribling family in Mason County, 1821-ca.1909; and James A. and Otis Young, ca.1900-1934, in Mason County. A pocket diary of James Wilson gives information on his law practice in Kanawha, Monongalia, and Wood counties in 1804. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe James Wilson diary of 1804 (in box 3) begins in May documenting a trip to Morgantown starting at a point near Winchester, Virginia (although he could have begun his trip earlier from Alexandria, Virginia on evidence of a 14 May 1804 letter to Wilson in Alexandria from John A. Smith in Falmouth, Virginia (see addenda in box 3). The diary includes details such as names of taverns where he stayed, what he ate and drank (including whiskey), ferriage (for example \"over the North Branch\"), canoeing, distances traveled, and expenses. There is also a record of a trip to Clarksburg. The diary also includes many listings of clients and types of legal work performed in western Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther items of interest (in box 3) include: 1) \"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\"; 2) two handbills advertising a \"Select Ball\" (12 December 1859) and \"A Cotillion Party\" (20 February 1865 in Point Pleasant, West Virginia during the Civil War); 3) prospectus announcing the establishment of the \"Western Virginian\", a Democratic Mason County newspaper advocating the election of John C. Breckinrdige and Joseph Lane in the 1860 U.S. Presidential election; 4) one handbill requesting a gathering of the \"Friends of Southern Rights\" in Richmond, Virginia on 16 April 1861, including a listing of personal names and counties of origin (the Ordinance of Secession passed the Virginia Legislature on 17 April 1861); and 5) reminiscence by C.N. Burns regarding life in Point Pleasant, Virginia during its occupation by the 11th Ohio Volunteer Infantry during 1861-1863 that appeared in the 26 January and 2 February, 1899 issues of the newspaper \"The Buckeye\" published in Troy, Ohio. Written in a humorous style reminiscent of Mark Twain, the Burns narrative describes daily routines (including mention of gambling and steamboats), prominent personalites, and disturbances due to the Civil War. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\" (separated to the rare book collection) was published in Philadelphia by John Bloren for William Y. Birch, and includes 164 pages. Pages 5-17 include an almanac. Pages 18-89 contain blank ruled pages for the days of the year with a few annotations by, presumably, James Wilson. Pages 90-164 contain substantial listings and tabulations of information regarding the government, military, and commerce of the United States including: a listings of officials of the United State Government and Judiciary; listings of officers in the army, navy, and marines; coins of the United States; duties on goods imported; terms of credit for duties; rate at which foreign coins are estimated; time of arrival and closing the mails at Philadelphia; enumeration of the inhabitants of the United States; table of the value and weight of coins; table showing the value of dollars; table reducing pence and shillings to cents; table showing the value of 100 pounds sterling in Pennsylvania currency, and dollars and cents, at the different rates of exchange; rules for reducing the currencies of the different states into each other; and a tide table.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, clippings, land papers, and other records of: James Wilson, an attorney in Wood County, ca.1800-1820; Robert M. Stribling and other members of the Stribling family in Mason County, 1821-ca.1909; and James A. and Otis Young, ca.1900-1934, in Mason County. A pocket diary of James Wilson gives information on his law practice in Kanawha, Monongalia, and Wood counties in 1804.","The James Wilson diary of 1804 (in box 3) begins in May documenting a trip to Morgantown starting at a point near Winchester, Virginia (although he could have begun his trip earlier from Alexandria, Virginia on evidence of a 14 May 1804 letter to Wilson in Alexandria from John A. Smith in Falmouth, Virginia (see addenda in box 3). The diary includes details such as names of taverns where he stayed, what he ate and drank (including whiskey), ferriage (for example \"over the North Branch\"), canoeing, distances traveled, and expenses. There is also a record of a trip to Clarksburg. The diary also includes many listings of clients and types of legal work performed in western Virginia.","Other items of interest (in box 3) include: 1) \"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\"; 2) two handbills advertising a \"Select Ball\" (12 December 1859) and \"A Cotillion Party\" (20 February 1865 in Point Pleasant, West Virginia during the Civil War); 3) prospectus announcing the establishment of the \"Western Virginian\", a Democratic Mason County newspaper advocating the election of John C. Breckinrdige and Joseph Lane in the 1860 U.S. Presidential election; 4) one handbill requesting a gathering of the \"Friends of Southern Rights\" in Richmond, Virginia on 16 April 1861, including a listing of personal names and counties of origin (the Ordinance of Secession passed the Virginia Legislature on 17 April 1861); and 5) reminiscence by C.N. Burns regarding life in Point Pleasant, Virginia during its occupation by the 11th Ohio Volunteer Infantry during 1861-1863 that appeared in the 26 January and 2 February, 1899 issues of the newspaper \"The Buckeye\" published in Troy, Ohio. Written in a humorous style reminiscent of Mark Twain, the Burns narrative describes daily routines (including mention of gambling and steamboats), prominent personalites, and disturbances due to the Civil War.","\"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\" (separated to the rare book collection) was published in Philadelphia by John Bloren for William Y. Birch, and includes 164 pages. Pages 5-17 include an almanac. Pages 18-89 contain blank ruled pages for the days of the year with a few annotations by, presumably, James Wilson. Pages 90-164 contain substantial listings and tabulations of information regarding the government, military, and commerce of the United States including: a listings of officials of the United State Government and Judiciary; listings of officers in the army, navy, and marines; coins of the United States; duties on goods imported; terms of credit for duties; rate at which foreign coins are estimated; time of arrival and closing the mails at Philadelphia; enumeration of the inhabitants of the United States; table of the value and weight of coins; table showing the value of dollars; table reducing pence and shillings to cents; table showing the value of 100 pounds sterling in Pennsylvania currency, and dollars and cents, at the different rates of exchange; rules for reducing the currencies of the different states into each other; and a tide table."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeparated to rare books: \"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\". Philadelphia: Bloren, John, [1803] (This item is described in the Scope and Content Note of this collection.)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Separated to rare books: \"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\". Philadelphia: Bloren, John, [1803] (This item is described in the Scope and Content Note of this collection.)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_072941e39f8c7d85bbfb8252baf369b0\"\u003eCorrespondence, clippings, land papers, and other records of James Wilson, an attorney in Wood County, ca.1800-1820; Robert M. Stribling and other members of the Stribling family in Mason County, 1821-ca.1909; and James A. and Otis Young, ca.1900-1934, in Mason County. A pocket diary of James Wilson gives information on his law practice in Kanawha, Monongalia, and Wood counties in 1804.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Correspondence, clippings, land papers, and other records of James Wilson, an attorney in Wood County, ca.1800-1820; Robert M. Stribling and other members of the Stribling family in Mason County, 1821-ca.1909; and James A. and Otis Young, ca.1900-1934, in Mason County. A pocket diary of James Wilson gives information on his law practice in Kanawha, Monongalia, and Wood counties in 1804."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d62010384e441392f0c9c2412f993411\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"famname_ssim":["Wilson and Stribling Families","Stribling family","Wilson family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Stribling family","Wilson family","Burr, Aaron, 1756-1836","Stribling, Robert M. 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Va.)","Mason County.","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Point Pleasant (W. Va.)","Wood County (W. Va.)","United States -- History -- French and Indian War, 1754-1763","Civil War - Ohio 11th Volunteer Infantry.","Election of 1860.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Taxation","No special access restriction applies.","Correspondence, clippings, land papers, and other records of: James Wilson, an attorney in Wood County, ca.1800-1820; Robert M. Stribling and other members of the Stribling family in Mason County, 1821-ca.1909; and James A. and Otis Young, ca.1900-1934, in Mason County. A pocket diary of James Wilson gives information on his law practice in Kanawha, Monongalia, and Wood counties in 1804.","The James Wilson diary of 1804 (in box 3) begins in May documenting a trip to Morgantown starting at a point near Winchester, Virginia (although he could have begun his trip earlier from Alexandria, Virginia on evidence of a 14 May 1804 letter to Wilson in Alexandria from John A. Smith in Falmouth, Virginia (see addenda in box 3). The diary includes details such as names of taverns where he stayed, what he ate and drank (including whiskey), ferriage (for example \"over the North Branch\"), canoeing, distances traveled, and expenses. There is also a record of a trip to Clarksburg. The diary also includes many listings of clients and types of legal work performed in western Virginia.","Other items of interest (in box 3) include: 1) \"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\"; 2) two handbills advertising a \"Select Ball\" (12 December 1859) and \"A Cotillion Party\" (20 February 1865 in Point Pleasant, West Virginia during the Civil War); 3) prospectus announcing the establishment of the \"Western Virginian\", a Democratic Mason County newspaper advocating the election of John C. Breckinrdige and Joseph Lane in the 1860 U.S. Presidential election; 4) one handbill requesting a gathering of the \"Friends of Southern Rights\" in Richmond, Virginia on 16 April 1861, including a listing of personal names and counties of origin (the Ordinance of Secession passed the Virginia Legislature on 17 April 1861); and 5) reminiscence by C.N. Burns regarding life in Point Pleasant, Virginia during its occupation by the 11th Ohio Volunteer Infantry during 1861-1863 that appeared in the 26 January and 2 February, 1899 issues of the newspaper \"The Buckeye\" published in Troy, Ohio. Written in a humorous style reminiscent of Mark Twain, the Burns narrative describes daily routines (including mention of gambling and steamboats), prominent personalites, and disturbances due to the Civil War.","\"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\" (separated to the rare book collection) was published in Philadelphia by John Bloren for William Y. 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Pages 90-164 contain substantial listings and tabulations of information regarding the government, military, and commerce of the United States including: a listings of officials of the United State Government and Judiciary; listings of officers in the army, navy, and marines; coins of the United States; duties on goods imported; terms of credit for duties; rate at which foreign coins are estimated; time of arrival and closing the mails at Philadelphia; enumeration of the inhabitants of the United States; table of the value and weight of coins; table showing the value of dollars; table reducing pence and shillings to cents; table showing the value of 100 pounds sterling in Pennsylvania currency, and dollars and cents, at the different rates of exchange; rules for reducing the currencies of the different states into each other; and a tide table.","Separated to rare books: \"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\". Philadelphia: Bloren, John, [1803] (This item is described in the Scope and Content Note of this collection.)","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Correspondence, clippings, land papers, and other records of James Wilson, an attorney in Wood County, ca.1800-1820; Robert M. Stribling and other members of the Stribling family in Mason County, 1821-ca.1909; and James A. and Otis Young, ca.1900-1934, in Mason County. A pocket diary of James Wilson gives information on his law practice in Kanawha, Monongalia, and Wood counties in 1804.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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Stribling and other members of the Stribling family in Mason County, 1821-ca.1909; and James A. and Otis Young, ca.1900-1934, in Mason County. A pocket diary of James Wilson gives information on his law practice in Kanawha, Monongalia, and Wood counties in 1804. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe James Wilson diary of 1804 (in box 3) begins in May documenting a trip to Morgantown starting at a point near Winchester, Virginia (although he could have begun his trip earlier from Alexandria, Virginia on evidence of a 14 May 1804 letter to Wilson in Alexandria from John A. Smith in Falmouth, Virginia (see addenda in box 3). The diary includes details such as names of taverns where he stayed, what he ate and drank (including whiskey), ferriage (for example \"over the North Branch\"), canoeing, distances traveled, and expenses. There is also a record of a trip to Clarksburg. The diary also includes many listings of clients and types of legal work performed in western Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther items of interest (in box 3) include: 1) \"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\"; 2) two handbills advertising a \"Select Ball\" (12 December 1859) and \"A Cotillion Party\" (20 February 1865 in Point Pleasant, West Virginia during the Civil War); 3) prospectus announcing the establishment of the \"Western Virginian\", a Democratic Mason County newspaper advocating the election of John C. Breckinrdige and Joseph Lane in the 1860 U.S. Presidential election; 4) one handbill requesting a gathering of the \"Friends of Southern Rights\" in Richmond, Virginia on 16 April 1861, including a listing of personal names and counties of origin (the Ordinance of Secession passed the Virginia Legislature on 17 April 1861); and 5) reminiscence by C.N. Burns regarding life in Point Pleasant, Virginia during its occupation by the 11th Ohio Volunteer Infantry during 1861-1863 that appeared in the 26 January and 2 February, 1899 issues of the newspaper \"The Buckeye\" published in Troy, Ohio. Written in a humorous style reminiscent of Mark Twain, the Burns narrative describes daily routines (including mention of gambling and steamboats), prominent personalites, and disturbances due to the Civil War. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\" (separated to the rare book collection) was published in Philadelphia by John Bloren for William Y. Birch, and includes 164 pages. Pages 5-17 include an almanac. Pages 18-89 contain blank ruled pages for the days of the year with a few annotations by, presumably, James Wilson. Pages 90-164 contain substantial listings and tabulations of information regarding the government, military, and commerce of the United States including: a listings of officials of the United State Government and Judiciary; listings of officers in the army, navy, and marines; coins of the United States; duties on goods imported; terms of credit for duties; rate at which foreign coins are estimated; time of arrival and closing the mails at Philadelphia; enumeration of the inhabitants of the United States; table of the value and weight of coins; table showing the value of dollars; table reducing pence and shillings to cents; table showing the value of 100 pounds sterling in Pennsylvania currency, and dollars and cents, at the different rates of exchange; rules for reducing the currencies of the different states into each other; and a tide table.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, clippings, land papers, and other records of: James Wilson, an attorney in Wood County, ca.1800-1820; Robert M. Stribling and other members of the Stribling family in Mason County, 1821-ca.1909; and James A. and Otis Young, ca.1900-1934, in Mason County. A pocket diary of James Wilson gives information on his law practice in Kanawha, Monongalia, and Wood counties in 1804.","The James Wilson diary of 1804 (in box 3) begins in May documenting a trip to Morgantown starting at a point near Winchester, Virginia (although he could have begun his trip earlier from Alexandria, Virginia on evidence of a 14 May 1804 letter to Wilson in Alexandria from John A. Smith in Falmouth, Virginia (see addenda in box 3). The diary includes details such as names of taverns where he stayed, what he ate and drank (including whiskey), ferriage (for example \"over the North Branch\"), canoeing, distances traveled, and expenses. There is also a record of a trip to Clarksburg. The diary also includes many listings of clients and types of legal work performed in western Virginia.","Other items of interest (in box 3) include: 1) \"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\"; 2) two handbills advertising a \"Select Ball\" (12 December 1859) and \"A Cotillion Party\" (20 February 1865 in Point Pleasant, West Virginia during the Civil War); 3) prospectus announcing the establishment of the \"Western Virginian\", a Democratic Mason County newspaper advocating the election of John C. Breckinrdige and Joseph Lane in the 1860 U.S. Presidential election; 4) one handbill requesting a gathering of the \"Friends of Southern Rights\" in Richmond, Virginia on 16 April 1861, including a listing of personal names and counties of origin (the Ordinance of Secession passed the Virginia Legislature on 17 April 1861); and 5) reminiscence by C.N. Burns regarding life in Point Pleasant, Virginia during its occupation by the 11th Ohio Volunteer Infantry during 1861-1863 that appeared in the 26 January and 2 February, 1899 issues of the newspaper \"The Buckeye\" published in Troy, Ohio. Written in a humorous style reminiscent of Mark Twain, the Burns narrative describes daily routines (including mention of gambling and steamboats), prominent personalites, and disturbances due to the Civil War.","\"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\" (separated to the rare book collection) was published in Philadelphia by John Bloren for William Y. Birch, and includes 164 pages. Pages 5-17 include an almanac. Pages 18-89 contain blank ruled pages for the days of the year with a few annotations by, presumably, James Wilson. Pages 90-164 contain substantial listings and tabulations of information regarding the government, military, and commerce of the United States including: a listings of officials of the United State Government and Judiciary; listings of officers in the army, navy, and marines; coins of the United States; duties on goods imported; terms of credit for duties; rate at which foreign coins are estimated; time of arrival and closing the mails at Philadelphia; enumeration of the inhabitants of the United States; table of the value and weight of coins; table showing the value of dollars; table reducing pence and shillings to cents; table showing the value of 100 pounds sterling in Pennsylvania currency, and dollars and cents, at the different rates of exchange; rules for reducing the currencies of the different states into each other; and a tide table."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeparated to rare books: \"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\". Philadelphia: Bloren, John, [1803] (This item is described in the Scope and Content Note of this collection.)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Separated to rare books: \"The Gentleman's Annual Pocket Remembrancer, for the Year 1803\". Philadelphia: Bloren, John, [1803] (This item is described in the Scope and Content Note of this collection.)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_072941e39f8c7d85bbfb8252baf369b0\"\u003eCorrespondence, clippings, land papers, and other records of James Wilson, an attorney in Wood County, ca.1800-1820; Robert M. Stribling and other members of the Stribling family in Mason County, 1821-ca.1909; and James A. and Otis Young, ca.1900-1934, in Mason County. A pocket diary of James Wilson gives information on his law practice in Kanawha, Monongalia, and Wood counties in 1804.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Correspondence, clippings, land papers, and other records of James Wilson, an attorney in Wood County, ca.1800-1820; Robert M. Stribling and other members of the Stribling family in Mason County, 1821-ca.1909; and James A. and Otis Young, ca.1900-1934, in Mason County. A pocket diary of James Wilson gives information on his law practice in Kanawha, Monongalia, and Wood counties in 1804."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d62010384e441392f0c9c2412f993411\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"famname_ssim":["Wilson and Stribling Families","Stribling family","Wilson family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Stribling family","Wilson family","Burr, Aaron, 1756-1836","Stribling, Robert M. (Robert Mackey), 1833-1914","Wilson, James","Young, James A.","Young, Otis"],"persname_ssim":["Burr, Aaron, 1756-1836","Stribling, Robert M. (Robert Mackey), 1833-1914","Wilson, James","Young, James A.","Young, Otis"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Wilson and Stribling Families","Stribling family","Wilson family","Burr, Aaron, 1756-1836","Stribling, Robert M. (Robert Mackey), 1833-1914","Wilson, James","Young, James A.","Young, Otis"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:09:12.130Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3665"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5992","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Wilson-Lewis Family Papers, 1693/1942","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5992#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wilson-Lewis family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5992#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Papers relating to the Wilson, Lewis, and Ruffner families of Prince Edward County, Virginia, Kanawha County, [West] Virginia, St. Charles County, Missouri, and Fairfield County, Ohio. Correspondence between Nathaniel V. Wilson and Dr. Goodridge Wilson, concerning land purchases, preparation for the settlement of the family, care of livestock, employment of slaves, salt making and marketing, and the market price of salt. Other members of the family migrated to St. Charles County, Missouri, and to Fairfield County, Ohio, and land prices, suitable crops, settlement and railroad building in Missouri comprise much of their correspondence. A third generation member of the family, Virgy Wilson Hall and her husband, John G. Hall, were missionaries in Matamoras, Mexico, and Colombia, South America, and her correspondence with her mother comments on living conditions, progress of the missionary work, revolution in Colombia, and health and living conditions of the residents of the Barranquilla area. In addition there is a will of Col. Charles Lewis, a series of letters between two doctors concerning health problems and treatment of various illnesses, and two diaries by Mrs. Daniel Ruffner, 1846, and Elizabeth Ruffner Wilson, 1871-1872, commenting on family life and community activities in Fairfield County, Ohio, and Kanawha County, [West] Virginia. All are photocopies. Material covers the years 1774-1942.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5992#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5992","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5992","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5992","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5992","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5992.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/199029","title_ssm":["Wilson-Lewis Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Wilson-Lewis Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1693-1942 and undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1693-1942 and undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1693/1942"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wilson-Lewis Family Papers, 1693/1942"],"text":["Wilson-Lewis Family Papers, 1693/1942","A\u0026M 2135","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5992","Colombia","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Mexico","Missouri","Ohio","Agriculture","Livestock","Diaries and journals.","Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine.","Missionaries","Physicians - letters and papers.","Frontier and pioneer life","Railroads","Salt industry and trade","Slaves and slavery.","Women's history -- 1800-1849","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- Pre-1800","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers relating to the Wilson, Lewis, and Ruffner families of Prince Edward County, Virginia, Kanawha County, [West] Virginia, St. Charles County, Missouri, and Fairfield County, Ohio. Correspondence between Nathaniel V. Wilson and Dr. Goodridge Wilson, concerning land purchases, preparation for the settlement of the family, care of livestock, employment of slaves, salt making and marketing, and the market price of salt. Other members of the family migrated to St. Charles County, Missouri, and to Fairfield County, Ohio, and land prices, suitable crops, settlement and railroad building in Missouri comprise much of their correspondence. A third generation member of the family, Virgy Wilson Hall and her husband, John G. Hall, were missionaries in Matamoras, Mexico, and Colombia, South America, and her correspondence with her mother comments on living conditions, progress of the missionary work, revolution in Colombia, and health and living conditions of the residents of the Barranquilla area. In addition there is a will of Col. Charles Lewis, a series of letters between two doctors concerning health problems and treatment of various illnesses, and two diaries by Mrs. Daniel Ruffner, 1846, and Elizabeth Ruffner Wilson, 1871-1872, commenting on family life and community activities in Fairfield County, Ohio, and Kanawha County, [West] Virginia. All are photocopies. Material covers the years 1774-1942.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Wilson-Lewis family","Lewis family","Ruffner family","Wilson family","Hall, John G.","Hall, Virgy Wilson.","Lewis, Col. Charles.","Ruffner, Mrs. Daniel.","Wilson, Dr. Goodridge.","Wilson, Elizabeth Ruffner.","Wilson, Nathaniel V.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wilson-Lewis Family Papers, 1693/1942"],"collection_ssim":["Wilson-Lewis Family Papers, 1693/1942"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2135","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5992"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2135","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5992"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Colombia","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Mexico","Missouri","Ohio"],"geogname_ssim":["Colombia","Kanawha County (W. 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For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture","Livestock","Diaries and journals.","Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine.","Missionaries","Physicians - letters and papers.","Frontier and pioneer life","Railroads","Salt industry and trade","Slaves and slavery.","Women's history -- 1800-1849","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- Pre-1800"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture","Livestock","Diaries and journals.","Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine.","Missionaries","Physicians - letters and papers.","Frontier and pioneer life","Railroads","Salt industry and trade","Slaves and slavery.","Women's history -- 1800-1849","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- Pre-1800"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.42 Linear Feet 5 in. (1 document case)"],"extent_tesim":["0.42 Linear Feet 5 in. (1 document case)"],"date_range_isim":[1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Wilson-Lewis Family Papers, A\u0026amp;M 2135, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Wilson-Lewis Family Papers, A\u0026M 2135, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ffc1079826db267ad7bd07ec7fdf85b9\"\u003ePapers relating to the Wilson, Lewis, and Ruffner families of Prince Edward County, Virginia, Kanawha County, [West] Virginia, St. Charles County, Missouri, and Fairfield County, Ohio. Correspondence between Nathaniel V. Wilson and Dr. Goodridge Wilson, concerning land purchases, preparation for the settlement of the family, care of livestock, employment of slaves, salt making and marketing, and the market price of salt. Other members of the family migrated to St. Charles County, Missouri, and to Fairfield County, Ohio, and land prices, suitable crops, settlement and railroad building in Missouri comprise much of their correspondence. A third generation member of the family, Virgy Wilson Hall and her husband, John G. Hall, were missionaries in Matamoras, Mexico, and Colombia, South America, and her correspondence with her mother comments on living conditions, progress of the missionary work, revolution in Colombia, and health and living conditions of the residents of the Barranquilla area. In addition there is a will of Col. Charles Lewis, a series of letters between two doctors concerning health problems and treatment of various illnesses, and two diaries by Mrs. Daniel Ruffner, 1846, and Elizabeth Ruffner Wilson, 1871-1872, commenting on family life and community activities in Fairfield County, Ohio, and Kanawha County, [West] Virginia. All are photocopies. Material covers the years 1774-1942.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Papers relating to the Wilson, Lewis, and Ruffner families of Prince Edward County, Virginia, Kanawha County, [West] Virginia, St. Charles County, Missouri, and Fairfield County, Ohio. Correspondence between Nathaniel V. Wilson and Dr. Goodridge Wilson, concerning land purchases, preparation for the settlement of the family, care of livestock, employment of slaves, salt making and marketing, and the market price of salt. Other members of the family migrated to St. Charles County, Missouri, and to Fairfield County, Ohio, and land prices, suitable crops, settlement and railroad building in Missouri comprise much of their correspondence. A third generation member of the family, Virgy Wilson Hall and her husband, John G. Hall, were missionaries in Matamoras, Mexico, and Colombia, South America, and her correspondence with her mother comments on living conditions, progress of the missionary work, revolution in Colombia, and health and living conditions of the residents of the Barranquilla area. In addition there is a will of Col. Charles Lewis, a series of letters between two doctors concerning health problems and treatment of various illnesses, and two diaries by Mrs. Daniel Ruffner, 1846, and Elizabeth Ruffner Wilson, 1871-1872, commenting on family life and community activities in Fairfield County, Ohio, and Kanawha County, [West] Virginia. All are photocopies. Material covers the years 1774-1942."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6827ce7400f109093207d0e233f95e73\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"famname_ssim":["Wilson-Lewis family","Lewis family","Ruffner family","Wilson family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Lewis family","Ruffner family","Wilson family","Wilson-Lewis family","Hall, John G.","Hall, Virgy Wilson.","Lewis, Col. 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Va.)","Mexico","Missouri","Ohio","Agriculture","Livestock","Diaries and journals.","Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine.","Missionaries","Physicians - letters and papers.","Frontier and pioneer life","Railroads","Salt industry and trade","Slaves and slavery.","Women's history -- 1800-1849","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- Pre-1800","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers relating to the Wilson, Lewis, and Ruffner families of Prince Edward County, Virginia, Kanawha County, [West] Virginia, St. Charles County, Missouri, and Fairfield County, Ohio. Correspondence between Nathaniel V. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ffc1079826db267ad7bd07ec7fdf85b9\"\u003ePapers relating to the Wilson, Lewis, and Ruffner families of Prince Edward County, Virginia, Kanawha County, [West] Virginia, St. Charles County, Missouri, and Fairfield County, Ohio. Correspondence between Nathaniel V. Wilson and Dr. Goodridge Wilson, concerning land purchases, preparation for the settlement of the family, care of livestock, employment of slaves, salt making and marketing, and the market price of salt. Other members of the family migrated to St. Charles County, Missouri, and to Fairfield County, Ohio, and land prices, suitable crops, settlement and railroad building in Missouri comprise much of their correspondence. A third generation member of the family, Virgy Wilson Hall and her husband, John G. Hall, were missionaries in Matamoras, Mexico, and Colombia, South America, and her correspondence with her mother comments on living conditions, progress of the missionary work, revolution in Colombia, and health and living conditions of the residents of the Barranquilla area. In addition there is a will of Col. Charles Lewis, a series of letters between two doctors concerning health problems and treatment of various illnesses, and two diaries by Mrs. Daniel Ruffner, 1846, and Elizabeth Ruffner Wilson, 1871-1872, commenting on family life and community activities in Fairfield County, Ohio, and Kanawha County, [West] Virginia. All are photocopies. Material covers the years 1774-1942.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Papers relating to the Wilson, Lewis, and Ruffner families of Prince Edward County, Virginia, Kanawha County, [West] Virginia, St. Charles County, Missouri, and Fairfield County, Ohio. Correspondence between Nathaniel V. Wilson and Dr. Goodridge Wilson, concerning land purchases, preparation for the settlement of the family, care of livestock, employment of slaves, salt making and marketing, and the market price of salt. Other members of the family migrated to St. Charles County, Missouri, and to Fairfield County, Ohio, and land prices, suitable crops, settlement and railroad building in Missouri comprise much of their correspondence. A third generation member of the family, Virgy Wilson Hall and her husband, John G. Hall, were missionaries in Matamoras, Mexico, and Colombia, South America, and her correspondence with her mother comments on living conditions, progress of the missionary work, revolution in Colombia, and health and living conditions of the residents of the Barranquilla area. In addition there is a will of Col. Charles Lewis, a series of letters between two doctors concerning health problems and treatment of various illnesses, and two diaries by Mrs. Daniel Ruffner, 1846, and Elizabeth Ruffner Wilson, 1871-1872, commenting on family life and community activities in Fairfield County, Ohio, and Kanawha County, [West] Virginia. All are photocopies. Material covers the years 1774-1942."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6827ce7400f109093207d0e233f95e73\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"famname_ssim":["Wilson-Lewis family","Lewis family","Ruffner family","Wilson family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Lewis family","Ruffner family","Wilson family","Wilson-Lewis family","Hall, John G.","Hall, Virgy Wilson.","Lewis, Col. Charles.","Ruffner, Mrs. Daniel.","Wilson, Dr. Goodridge.","Wilson, Elizabeth Ruffner.","Wilson, Nathaniel V."],"persname_ssim":["Hall, John G.","Hall, Virgy Wilson.","Lewis, Col. Charles.","Ruffner, Mrs. Daniel.","Wilson, Dr. Goodridge.","Wilson, Elizabeth Ruffner.","Wilson, Nathaniel V."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Wilson-Lewis family","Lewis family","Ruffner family","Wilson family","Hall, John G.","Hall, Virgy Wilson.","Lewis, Col. 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Va.)","Churches  -- Presbyterian","Churches  -- Winchester Presbytery","Churches  -- Virginia -- Winchester","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Two volumes of statistics of Presbyterian churches in the Winchester Presbytery, 1719-1946; and a notebook of correspondence, 1942-1952, of Robert B. Woodworth and John G. Bishop concerning the genealogy of the Poage and allied families and Woodworth's revision of THE CAPTIVES OF ABB'S VALLEY (Staunton, Virginia, 1942).","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_898889a085ef86674fdc87e3d87711fb\"\u003eTwo volumes of statistics of Presbyterian churches in the Winchester Presbytery, 1719-1946; and a notebook of correspondence, 1942-1952, of Robert B. Woodworth and John G. 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Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery"],"famname_ssim":["Pogue family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Pogue family","Bishop, John G.","Woodworth, Robert Bell, 1868-1954"],"persname_ssim":["Bishop, John G.","Woodworth, Robert Bell, 1868-1954"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery","Pogue family","Bishop, John G.","Woodworth, Robert Bell, 1868-1954"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:09:12.130Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3284","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3284","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3284","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3284","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_3284.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197212","title_ssm":["Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery Records"],"title_tesim":["Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1719-1952"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1719-1952"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1719/1952"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery Records, 1719/1952"],"text":["Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery Records, 1719/1952","A\u0026M 0773","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3284","Abb's Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Churches  -- Presbyterian","Churches  -- Winchester Presbytery","Churches  -- Virginia -- Winchester","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Two volumes of statistics of Presbyterian churches in the Winchester Presbytery, 1719-1946; and a notebook of correspondence, 1942-1952, of Robert B. Woodworth and John G. Bishop concerning the genealogy of the Poage and allied families and Woodworth's revision of THE CAPTIVES OF ABB'S VALLEY (Staunton, Virginia, 1942).","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery","Pogue family","Bishop, John G.","Woodworth, Robert Bell, 1868-1954","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery Records, 1719/1952"],"collection_ssim":["Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery Records, 1719/1952"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0773","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3284"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0773","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3284"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Abb's Valley (Va. and W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Abb's Valley (Va. and W. Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Abb's Valley (Va. and W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery"],"creator_ssim":["Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bishop, John G.","Woodworth, Robert Bell, 1868-1954"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Pogue family"],"creators_ssim":["Bishop, John G.","Woodworth, Robert Bell, 1868-1954","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery","Pogue family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Churches  -- Presbyterian","Churches  -- Winchester Presbytery","Churches  -- Virginia -- Winchester"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Churches  -- Presbyterian","Churches  -- Winchester Presbytery","Churches  -- Virginia -- Winchester"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.25 Linear Feet Summary: 3 in. (1 folder, 1 in.; 2 unboxed ledgers, 2 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["0.25 Linear Feet Summary: 3 in. (1 folder, 1 in.; 2 unboxed ledgers, 2 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery Records, A\u0026amp;M 0773, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery Records, A\u0026M 0773, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_898889a085ef86674fdc87e3d87711fb\"\u003eTwo volumes of statistics of Presbyterian churches in the Winchester Presbytery, 1719-1946; and a notebook of correspondence, 1942-1952, of Robert B. Woodworth and John G. Bishop concerning the genealogy of the Poage and allied families and Woodworth's revision of THE CAPTIVES OF ABB'S VALLEY (Staunton, Virginia, 1942).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Two volumes of statistics of Presbyterian churches in the Winchester Presbytery, 1719-1946; and a notebook of correspondence, 1942-1952, of Robert B. Woodworth and John G. Bishop concerning the genealogy of the Poage and allied families and Woodworth's revision of THE CAPTIVES OF ABB'S VALLEY (Staunton, Virginia, 1942)."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b0fab77d036f1efcfd9ee21624651be4\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery"],"famname_ssim":["Pogue family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Pogue family","Bishop, John G.","Woodworth, Robert Bell, 1868-1954"],"persname_ssim":["Bishop, John G.","Woodworth, Robert Bell, 1868-1954"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Winchester, Virginia, Presbytery","Pogue family","Bishop, John G.","Woodworth, Robert Bell, 1868-1954"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:09:12.130Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3284"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_394","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers, 1876/1970","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_394#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Window Glass Cutters League of America","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_394#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Correspondence, minute books, financial records, photographs, broadsides, publications, and other materials of the League, and the archives of other defunct craft unions entrusted to the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Organizations other than the League whose records are included are: Local Assembly 300, Knights of Labor (ca.1876-1905); Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08); Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (1907-1929); Window Glass Workers Association of America (1902-1904); Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1911-1925); and the National Window Glass Workers (1914-1924). See the scope and content note for information regarding record series found in this collection. See the control folder in the manuscripts room for a listing of contents.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_394#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_394","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_394","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_394","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_394","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_394.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195009","title_ssm":["Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers"],"title_tesim":["Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1876-1970"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1876-1970"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1876/1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers, 1876/1970"],"text":["Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers, 1876/1970","A\u0026M 2423","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/394","Glass industry.","Union names.","Unions. SEE ALSO Labor organization.","No special access restriction applies.","History of the Window Glass Cutters League of America","The history of unions in the American window glass industry begins with Local Assembly 300 of the Knights of Labor. By 1879, LA 300 represented the four major crafts in window glass manufacture -- blowers, gatherers, flatteners, and cutters. For the next two decades, the craftsmen in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Indiana battled with employers largely through the auspices of the Knights, but craft jealousies also led to the formation of separate craft unions.","By 1900, the final attempts to salvage LA 300 as a single union representing all the crafts began to collapse, leading to three decades of rival organizations. The years between 1900 and 1910 witnessed the formation of the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (ca. 1900-1933), the United Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1902-1905), the Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1904-08), the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (ca. 1908-36), and the National Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1903-31). Each of these organizations siphoned off segments of the industry workforce, either on the basis of geography (the United, for instance, was based largely in Cleveland) or by some combination of trades. The various factional splits and jurisdictional conflicts leading to this competition often resulted from struggles with employers and technological changes. Indeed, new labor processes eliminated the need for many of the skills of blowers, gatherers, and flatteners, and employers used these changes to defeat union demands and cause dissension in the ranks of the workers. Into the 1930s, then, as many as five different unions existed for window glass workers.","The traditional craft least affected by technological change was window glass cutting. Shortly after World War I, cutters in Charleston founded the first local of what would become the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Then, in 1922, cutters dissatisfaction with their treatment in other unions generated momentum for a national union of the craft. In 1922-23, Cutters League leaders Harry Kirchbenbower, Oakley Cline, and Harry Osmond began visiting cutters all over the nation, encouraging them to disaffiliate with other unions in the industry and to join the League. In June 1923, the founding convention of the Window Glass Cutters League of America, formally established the union. The following year, the League moved to Columbus, Ohio, where it maintained its headquarters for the next fifty years.","During the next decade, rival unions in the window glass industry slowly disbanded, but the dream of one all-inclusive union in the industry was more resilient. When organized labor turned to organizing unskilled industrial workers following the passage of the National Industrial Recovery Act in 1933, the dynamic president of the WGCLA, Glen McCabe, took charge of recruiting what were called the \"miscellaneous workers\" in the industry. Over the ensuing year, McCabe organized nearly 10,000 new members.","By 1934, the elite cutters feared they would soon be overwhelmed in their own union, as the miscellaneous workers asserted their influence. Consequently, in a mutual parting of the ways, McCabe took his new members and formed the Federation of Flat Glass Workers. When the Committee on Industrial Organization was formed, McCabe became one of its first members, and when the American Federation of Labor expelled the industrial unions, McCabe's Flat Glass Workers affiliated with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). Again, union rivalry reigned in the window glass industry. Although McCabe would return to the WGCLA in the 1940s (and even return to the presidency in the 1950s), the relationship between the AFL craft union and its CIO counterpart remained contentious for the next three decades.","In the post-World War II years, the WGCLA devoted much of its energy to trying to protect a declining window glass industry. Targeting cheap foreign imports as the principal reason for slumping production, the WGCLA joined with other glass-industry unions in pushing for high tariffs and import restrictions. West Virginia locals of the WGCLA were instrumental in forming the Glass Workers' Protective League which coordinated the lobbying efforts of the various unions.","The other major threat to the proud glass cutters was a new cutting machine introduced in 1955 by the two largest firms in the industry, Libbey-Owens-Ford and Pittsburgh Plate Glass. Almost immediately, the CIO union instituted a contest to obtain jurisdiction over the newly mechanized work. Although the WGCLA won a National Labor Relations Board case to maintain its jurisdiction, over the next two years the use of the cutting machine by all of the firms in the industry reduced the number of cutters needed for production.","For the ensuing two decades, the WGCLA limped along, its membership dropping well below the 1,000 mark. The once proud craftsmen even ceased taking apprentices in the 1960s due both to the lack of need for new cutters but also to government regulations that opened up apprenticeship to non-family members. What had for centuries been a closed craft fraternity was now passing into oblivion. The final blow for the WGCLA came in 1970s with the introduction of the revolutionary \"float glass\" process which threatened the American window glass industry. As several large companies shut down their plants and the numbers of WGCLA members continued to shrink, the League sought ought and completed a merger with the Glass Bottle Blowers Association in 1975, thus officially ending the history of the WGCLA.","Chronology of the Window Glass Cutters League of America","1865","First glass industry unions formed","1876","Window Glass Assemblies in the Knights of Labor formed","LA 300-Window Glass Gatherers","LA 305-Window Glass Cutters Association","LA 307-Window Glass Blowers","1879","Blowers LA 307 merges into LA 300","1880","Cutters affiliate with LA 300, joined by Flatteners","1894","Cutters and Flatteners secede from LA 300 and form craft unions affiliated with the AF of L, including the first Window Glass Cutters League of America","1895","Simon Burns elected president of LA 300, forces independent unions back into LA 300","1899-1900","Trade war in industry, reemergence of factionalism","1900","Window Glass Cutters \u0026 Flatteners Association of America formed","1902","United Window Glass Workers formed in Cleveland","1904","Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America formed from remnants of LA 300","1907-08","Glass unions decimated by strike defeat; Amalgamated disbands","1908","National Window Glass Workers becomes major union in the window glass industry","1909","Strike against American Window Glass Company leads to formation of Window Glass Cutters \u0026 Flatteners Protective Association, 4th union in industry","1911","Imperial Window Glass Co. organized as a selling agency to stabilize the industry","1916","First local of Window Glass Cutters League formed at the Libbey-Owens-Ford plant in South Charleston","1922","Cutters League begins recruiting window glass cutters in other unions","1923","First convention of WGCLA","1924","WGCOLA moves headquarters to Columbus, Ohio","1926","First attempt of a merger of all window glass unions","1930-34","National Window Glass Workers and Window Glass Cutters \u0026 Flatteners Assoc. of America join WGCLA","1933","Passage of N.I.R.A. encourages organizing of industrial","1934","Glen McCabe helps form Federation of Flat Glass Workers","1935-37","Federation joins Committee of Industrial Organization, is expelled from AFL, helps form CIO","1937","McCabe resigns from Federation to preserve unity","1940s","WGCLA wages jurisdictional battles with United Glass and Ceramic Works (CIO)","1946","Formation of Glass Workers' Protective League in W.Va.","1957","Libbey-Owens-Ford and Pittsburgh Plate Glass begin using cutting machine","1958","WGCLA brings NLRB suit to protect cutting jobs","1959","Remaining Window glass firms begin cutting by machine","1964","Float glass process introduced in U.S.","1968","Ford Motor Co. begins to market float glass","1971","Merger talks begin with Stone, Glass, and Clay Coordinating Committee","1974","Merger talks with United Glass and Ceramic Workers fail","1975","WGCLA merges with Glass Bottle Blowers Association","2423, 3911","Introduction:","This collection includes correspondence, minute books, financial records, photographs, broadsides, publications, and other materials of the Window Glass Cutters League of America, and the archives of other defunct craft unions entrusted to the League.","Organizations other than the League whose records are included in this collection are: \nLocal Assembly 300, Knights of Labor (ca.1876-1905)\nAmalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08) \nWindow Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (1907-29) \nWindow Glass Workers Association of America (1902-04) \nWindow Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1911-25) \nNational Window Glass Workers (1914-24)","The Window Glass Cutters League of America archives consist of the records of the national union from its inception in 1923 until its merger with the Glass Bottle Blowers of America in 1975. In addition, the collection contains records from a number of the League's predecessor organizations dating back to Local Assembly 300 of the Knights of Labor. Comprising approximately 120 linear feet, the nearly complete files of letters, memos, reports, collective bargaining files, transcripts, photos, and publications document in detail the union activities of window glass cutters for approximately a century.","The League's records offer rich source material for many subjects of interest to industrial and labor historians. More than 30 boxes of collective bargaining records document industrial relations, wages, working conditions, and productions changes in the industry. Together with minutes of local meetings in the correspondence files of the secretary-treasurer's office and grievances, arbitration cases, and national labor board cases, these records enable a reconstruction of shop-floor relations in the factories. Furthermore, statistical reports for each of the locals make it possible to chart seasonal changes in the industry, labor turnover, and unemployment for skilled window glass workers.","For historians interested in social history, the League's apprenticeship records dating back to the 1880s enable the study of labor recruitment and training while also making possible the reconstruction of the ethnic and familial character of the workforce. Individual membership cards dating from the early 1920s document geographic mobility and career patterns of the glass cutters. For more institutionally-inclined scholars, detailed minutes of conventions, executive board minutes, and files of the president's and secretary-treasurer's correspondence are particularly revealing for the study of national union administration.","Individual files suggest something of the richness and insularity of the craft-union culture embedded in the trade of window-glass cutting. Contentious relations with glass workers outside the craft are evident in the executive board minutes as well as the records of other unions in the industry. Moreover, craft animosity toward the less-skilled workers certainly permeates the secretary-treasurer's correspondence with local officers after the rise of the CIO union in the 1930s.","Many files document the tensions between fiercely independent craft workers and a union committed to collective action. In the League's attorney files, for example, there are case records covering a suit brought by one glass cutter against the League for its infringement of his patent of a glass-cutting device that the League eventually sold to its members, the complaints of Jehovah's Witnesses who were shunned by their fellow workers and eventually fired in the weeks following the attack on Pearl Harbor for refusing to salute the flat, and the expulsion of a Belgian glass cutter for working in a non-union ship in Belgium when he returned to bring his family to Charleston. Similarly, in the collective bargaining files and the president's files, there is a vivid portrait of the difficulty than an exclusive craft union faced when it confronted the provisions of equal employment opportunity laws.","Finally, files from different series document the long struggle against being technologically displaced and rendered obsolete. The president's correspondence reveals the strategies relating to political action such as lobbying for high tariffs and import restrictions and relating to potential amalgamation with other glass unions. Meanwhile, the collective bargaining files contain the records of jurisdictional battles fought to maintain job security in the face of changes in production methods.","Series Description:","The archives of the Window Glass Cutters League of America have been arranged into seven series, as follows: \nSeries 1. Executive Files, 1921-1975, box 1 - box 24\nSeries 2. Legal Matters, 1925-1975, box 1 - box 5\nSeries 3. Secretary-Treasurer's Correspondence, 1935-1975, box 1 - box 106\nSeries 4. Collective Bargaining Files, 1918-1975, box 1 - box 32\nSeries 5. Membership Records, 1906-1975, box 1 - box 26 and 5 reels of microfilm\t\nSeries 6. Administrative and Financial Files, 1928-1975, box 1 - box 8 and 15 volumes\nSeries 7. Related Organizations, 1876-1970, box 1 - box 10 and 17 volumes","Photographs are stored in one large oversized box with the collection. A number of publications were removed from this collection and added to a separate pamphlet collection. A list of them can be found in the control folder for this collection in the manuscripts room.","Parts of series 5 have been microfilmed and are stored in the microfilm reading room. They are on five reels of microfilm and include: \nSistersville - Local Statistical Reports (1925-1938) \nNorwood (Clarksburg) - Local Statistical Reports (September 1927-1955) \nNorwood (Clarksburg) - Local Statistical Reports (1956-1970) \nFairchance, PA. - Statistical Reports (1924-1936) \nMt. Jewett, PA; Dunbar, WV; Mannington, WV; Torrence, CA - Statistical Reports (1923-1926)","Series 1. Executive Files, 1921-1975, boxes 1-24","This series is divided into three subseries representing the surviving files of the WGCLA's constitutional conventions, its executive board, and its presidents. Included in the first subseries are printed versions of the League's constitution and by-laws as well as printed copies of the convention proceedings. There are more extensive files, which include correspondence, for the 1960 and 1965 conventions. The first sub-series also contains the proceedings of a proposed merger convention of the League and other unions in the industry in 1926.","The principal decision-making body for the WGCLA was the executive board which was comprised, after 1935, of the president, the secretary-treasurer, and a board member from each of the locals. There are executive board meeting minutes beginning in 1925 and running until the League merged with the Glass Bottle Blowers in 1975. The minutes are indexed; the index to the early years is at the end of the volume, and the later years are indexed separately. The executive board minutes are quite detailed, and provide a fairly comprehensive guide to the major concerns of the League. This subseries also includes two boxes of correspondence. Much of the correspondence is related to the formation of the League in 1922-23, and gives a good accounting of the factionalism characterizing the labor movement in the window glass industry. There are also scattered files around particular issues for the 1930s and 1940s.","The president's files only span the years from 1948 to 1975. They are divided into two groups reflecting a previous arrangement. The first group spans 1948-58, and includes incoming and outgoing letters in the same files. There are five boxes of correspondence with national and local officers, arranged by the name of the local union, and five boxes of correspondence with other organizations or individuals, or on particular subjects. The second group includes a chronological file of outgoing letters spanning 1959-75, and incoming correspondence on particular subjects. Of particular note are the files on Civil Rights, Tariffs, and the Stone, Glass and Clay Coordinating Committee.","Series 2. Legal Matters, 1925-1975, boxes 1-5","This series is comprised of documents, correspondence and other materials relating to the cases of members pursued in the courts rather through collective bargaining mechanisms or national labor boards (which are in Series 4). This series also includes those cases in which members brought charges against the union or in which the union disciplined its members. Notable in this series are the cases of Vital Daspermont (1925), suspended for working in a non-union plant when he returned to Belgium for his family; or the Jehovah's Witnesses who lost their jobs for failing to salute the flag in the days after the attack on Pearl Harbor; the Shuler recall case (1944) which resulted in the dismissal of the League's president; the trials of members in Henryetta, Ok., (1950-56) for refusal to pay League fines; and the George Philippe case (1942-53) in which Philippe sued the League for violating his patent. It is also worth noting how the number of international cases increased dramatically following the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act (1947).","Series 3. Secretary-Treasurer's Correspondence, 1935-1975, boxes 1-106","The Secretary-Treasurer's files detail the day-to-day administration of the League. For much of the time covered by the files in this series, the Secretary-Treasurer was H.D. Nixon, one of the founders of the League. His correspondence includes both incoming and outgoing letters, and the arrangement of the files is consistent for the years 1935 to 1960. For each year, there are typically four boxes of correspondence arranged in the following manner: correspondence with the president, with the members of the executive board (arranged by the local which the member represented), with the preceptors and secretaries of each local, with other organizations and followed by a general correspondence file arranged alphabetically. The largest bulk of the correspondence is with the officers of each of the locals. Indeed, it is through these files that the relationship of the national and local unions becomes evident. In addition, frequently contained in this correspondence are the minutes of local meetings, transmitted to the national office. Consequently, the Secretary-Treasurer's files are important in illuminating the problems facing locals and the rank and file members.","After 1960, the files become sparser, and the last ten boxes are grouped in two time periods, 1961 to 1965, and 1966 to 1974. In addition, there is a box of minutes of local meetings spanning the years 1965 to 1974. In general, to understand the relations and communication from the national officers to the rank and file, the Secretary-Treasurer's files are key.","Series 4. Collective Bargaining Files, 1918-1975, boxes 1-32","Collective bargaining records are divided into two subseries, Agreements and Contracts, and Contract Maintenance. In the first subseries are the documents concerning the negotiation of wage scales and working rules between the League and the various companies in the industry. There are three boxes of printed contracts arranged chronologically and by company spanning through the years 1918 to 1975. There are also nine boxes of negotiations files which include: minutes of union-company meetings to discuss wages, proposals and counterproposals, correspondence, and the union's files of documents and supporting materials for its proposals. There is also one box of material concerning negotiations over apprenticeship standards. In general, the documentation for later rounds of negotiations is superior to that for earlier years.","The second subseries contains materials relating to the ongoing relationship with the companies in the administration of the collective bargaining agreements. Included are nine boxes of correspondence with the companies spanning the years 1922 to 1970, one box of reports of meetings with company officials on a wide range of issues, and two boxes of arbitration case files. All of these files are arranged by company, and then chronologically. There are also six boxes of documents concerning cases brought before the National War Labor Board and the National Labor Relations Board. Finally, there are three boxes of material relating to grievances filed by members against individual companies. These are arranged by company, and then chronologically.","Series 5. Membership Records, 1906-1975, boxes 1-26 and 5 reels of microfilm","Included in this series are records pertaining to apprenticeships, wages, dues checkoffs, and the career patterns of members of the League. Particularly important is the documentation of nearly every phase of the apprenticeship program. There are six boxes of applications to learn the craft of window-glass cutting; the first box even predates the formation of the League. To be granted an apprenticeship; normally the applicant needed either a brother or a father already in the craft, so the application forms enable the tracing of family relationships in addition to age, ethnicity and other characteristics. There are also tabulations charting applications, approvals, the work progress, and eventual discharge of apprentices.","Career patterns are documented by individual membership cards for all members of the League. These cards indicate the beginning and end dates for each member's work record at the different plans in the industry dating from the 1920s. One box of seniority lists documents age of the workforce at the various plants as well as the continuous time in service from the 1930s to the 1970s. Finally, weekly statistical reports from the locals charting wages and dues comprise thirteen boxes and six reels of microfilm. To reduce the bulk, these statistical reports have been sampled in the following manner: for the Clarksburg plant of the Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company, a continuous run of the reports has been microfilmed; for the Charleston plant of the Libbey-Owens-Ford company, a monthly sample of the original copies have been preserved; for several of the smaller companies that went out of business in the 1930s or 1940s, the entire run was filmed; and for the remaining locals, either a quarterly or biennial sample was saved.","Series 6. Administrative and Financial Files, 1928-1975, boxes 1-8 and 15 volumes","This series contains principally the files relating to the administration of the League's headquarters. Reports of compliance with government regulations (i.e., equal employment opportunities, LM-2 reports following the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act, and loyalty affidavits in the wage of the Taft-Hartley Act) comprise one box, while audit reports, monthly financial statements, and IRS reports fill three boxes. Also included are contracts and negotiations files with the union representing the League's office employees. Fifteen volumes of ledgers document in detail the finances of the League from 1931 to 1975. Perhaps the most interesting items in the series, however, are the published issues of The Glass Cutter, the monthly publication of the League. An entire run of the publication survives, but it was interrupted several times. Dates of publication span 1928 to 1932, 1938 to 1958, and 1965 to 1970. Finally, there is a box of memorabilia which includes a memorial album of League members serving in the service during World War II. The album carries the service record and a photo of each member.","Series 7. Related Organizations, 1876-1970, boxes 1-10 and 17 volumes","This series contains the extant records of the predecessor and rival unions in the window glass industry, several of which merged into the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Records for Local Assembly 300, Knights of Labor include a two-volume index to the membership rolls (1876-1902), certificates of apprenticeship and initiation, and some scattered issues of by-laws, minutes, convention proceedings, and wage scales, mostly dating from 1895 to 1905. There are a few items for both the United Window Glass Workers of America (1902-04) and the Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08) which were successors to the Local Assembly 300, attempting to represent all the crafts in the industry.","More extensive records exist for the two rival organizations which attempted to unite just the cutters and flatteners. For the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America, there are fairly complete executive board minutes (1904-30), some correspondence, membership records, wage scales and working rules, and two volumes of an apprentices register. A rival organization, the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1909-36) began as a result of an unsuccessful strike in 1907-08. Its influence was limited pretty much to the Pittsburgh and southwestern Pennsylvania area. Records for the Protective Association include executive board minutes (1910-34), a membership ledger, an apprentice's ledger, wage scales (1916-33), and a scrapbook covering the formation of the Protective Association (1909-12). Of particular note in these records are the files illuminating the antitrust case brought against the companies and the unions in the window glass industry immediately following World War I.","Less complete files exist for the National Window Glass Workers of America (1903-31) and the Federation of Flat Glass Workers of America (1934-70). Both of these unions attempted to organize all workers in the window glass industry. For the National, there are minutes (1916-28), wage scale booklets, some correspondence, president's reports (1918-22), and two volumes of membership rolls (1903-22). For the Federation, which was started by former League president Glen McCabe and which became one of the founding organizations of the CIO, the files relate principally to the early years of the Federation in 1934-37.","Finally, there are seven volumes of scrapbooks and an oversize box of photographs containing historical documents spanning the years 1887 to 1957. They have been placed in this series because rarely do they focus on a single organization. Instead, it appears that window glass workers interested in the history of labor in the industry simply selected interesting items, often in a random fashion, to place in the scrapbooks. Included are letters, membership items, photos, newspaper clippings, and memorabilia documenting selected facets of the history of labor in the window glass industry.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Correspondence, minute books, financial records, photographs, broadsides, publications, and other materials of the League, and the archives of other defunct craft unions entrusted to the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Organizations other than the League whose records are included are: Local Assembly 300, Knights of Labor (ca.1876-1905); Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08); Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (1907-1929); Window Glass Workers Association of America (1902-1904); Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1911-1925); and the National Window Glass Workers (1914-1924). See the scope and content note for information regarding record series found in this collection. See the control folder in the manuscripts room for a listing of contents.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Window Glass Cutters League of America","Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America.","Knights of Labor. Local Assembly 300","Knights of Labor","National Window Glass Workers of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America","Window Glass Workers Association of America","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers, 1876/1970"],"collection_ssim":["Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers, 1876/1970"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2423","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/394"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2423","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/394"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Window Glass Cutters League of America"],"creator_ssim":["Window Glass Cutters League of America"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Window Glass Cutters League of America","Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America.","Knights of Labor. Local Assembly 300","Knights of Labor","National Window Glass Workers of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America","Window Glass Workers Association of America"],"creators_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Window Glass Cutters League of America","Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America.","Knights of Labor. Local Assembly 300","Knights of Labor","National Window Glass Workers of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America","Window Glass Workers Association of America"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Glass industry.","Union names.","Unions. SEE ALSO Labor organization."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Glass industry.","Union names.","Unions. SEE ALSO Labor organization."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["86.19 Linear Feet Summary: 86 ft. 2 1/4 in. (181 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (3 record cartons, 15 in. each); (2 clamshell boxes, 3 in. each); (2 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (28 unboxed ledgers, 61 in.); (5 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["86.19 Linear Feet Summary: 86 ft. 2 1/4 in. 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By 1879, LA 300 represented the four major crafts in window glass manufacture -- blowers, gatherers, flatteners, and cutters. For the next two decades, the craftsmen in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Indiana battled with employers largely through the auspices of the Knights, but craft jealousies also led to the formation of separate craft unions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy 1900, the final attempts to salvage LA 300 as a single union representing all the crafts began to collapse, leading to three decades of rival organizations. The years between 1900 and 1910 witnessed the formation of the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (ca. 1900-1933), the United Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1902-1905), the Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1904-08), the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (ca. 1908-36), and the National Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1903-31). Each of these organizations siphoned off segments of the industry workforce, either on the basis of geography (the United, for instance, was based largely in Cleveland) or by some combination of trades. The various factional splits and jurisdictional conflicts leading to this competition often resulted from struggles with employers and technological changes. Indeed, new labor processes eliminated the need for many of the skills of blowers, gatherers, and flatteners, and employers used these changes to defeat union demands and cause dissension in the ranks of the workers. Into the 1930s, then, as many as five different unions existed for window glass workers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe traditional craft least affected by technological change was window glass cutting. Shortly after World War I, cutters in Charleston founded the first local of what would become the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Then, in 1922, cutters dissatisfaction with their treatment in other unions generated momentum for a national union of the craft. In 1922-23, Cutters League leaders Harry Kirchbenbower, Oakley Cline, and Harry Osmond began visiting cutters all over the nation, encouraging them to disaffiliate with other unions in the industry and to join the League. In June 1923, the founding convention of the Window Glass Cutters League of America, formally established the union. The following year, the League moved to Columbus, Ohio, where it maintained its headquarters for the next fifty years.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the next decade, rival unions in the window glass industry slowly disbanded, but the dream of one all-inclusive union in the industry was more resilient. When organized labor turned to organizing unskilled industrial workers following the passage of the National Industrial Recovery Act in 1933, the dynamic president of the WGCLA, Glen McCabe, took charge of recruiting what were called the \"miscellaneous workers\" in the industry. Over the ensuing year, McCabe organized nearly 10,000 new members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy 1934, the elite cutters feared they would soon be overwhelmed in their own union, as the miscellaneous workers asserted their influence. Consequently, in a mutual parting of the ways, McCabe took his new members and formed the Federation of Flat Glass Workers. When the Committee on Industrial Organization was formed, McCabe became one of its first members, and when the American Federation of Labor expelled the industrial unions, McCabe's Flat Glass Workers affiliated with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). Again, union rivalry reigned in the window glass industry. Although McCabe would return to the WGCLA in the 1940s (and even return to the presidency in the 1950s), the relationship between the AFL craft union and its CIO counterpart remained contentious for the next three decades.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the post-World War II years, the WGCLA devoted much of its energy to trying to protect a declining window glass industry. Targeting cheap foreign imports as the principal reason for slumping production, the WGCLA joined with other glass-industry unions in pushing for high tariffs and import restrictions. West Virginia locals of the WGCLA were instrumental in forming the Glass Workers' Protective League which coordinated the lobbying efforts of the various unions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe other major threat to the proud glass cutters was a new cutting machine introduced in 1955 by the two largest firms in the industry, Libbey-Owens-Ford and Pittsburgh Plate Glass. Almost immediately, the CIO union instituted a contest to obtain jurisdiction over the newly mechanized work. Although the WGCLA won a National Labor Relations Board case to maintain its jurisdiction, over the next two years the use of the cutting machine by all of the firms in the industry reduced the number of cutters needed for production.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor the ensuing two decades, the WGCLA limped along, its membership dropping well below the 1,000 mark. The once proud craftsmen even ceased taking apprentices in the 1960s due both to the lack of need for new cutters but also to government regulations that opened up apprenticeship to non-family members. What had for centuries been a closed craft fraternity was now passing into oblivion. The final blow for the WGCLA came in 1970s with the introduction of the revolutionary \"float glass\" process which threatened the American window glass industry. As several large companies shut down their plants and the numbers of WGCLA members continued to shrink, the League sought ought and completed a merger with the Glass Bottle Blowers Association in 1975, thus officially ending the history of the WGCLA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eChronology of the Window Glass Cutters League of America\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst glass industry unions formed\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1876\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWindow Glass Assemblies in the Knights of Labor formed\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLA 300-Window Glass Gatherers\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLA 305-Window Glass Cutters Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLA 307-Window Glass Blowers\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1879\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlowers LA 307 merges into LA 300\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1880\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCutters affiliate with LA 300, joined by Flatteners\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1894\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCutters and Flatteners secede from LA 300 and form craft unions affiliated with the AF of L, including the first Window Glass Cutters League of America \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1895\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSimon Burns elected president of LA 300, forces independent unions back into LA 300\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1899-1900\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTrade war in industry, reemergence of factionalism\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1900\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWindow Glass Cutters \u0026amp; Flatteners Association of America formed\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1902 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnited Window Glass Workers formed in Cleveland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1904\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmalgamated Window Glass Workers of America formed from remnants of LA 300\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1907-08\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlass unions decimated by strike defeat; Amalgamated disbands\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1908\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Window Glass Workers becomes major union in the window glass industry\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1909\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStrike against American Window Glass Company leads to formation of Window Glass Cutters \u0026amp; Flatteners Protective Association, 4th union in industry\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1911\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImperial Window Glass Co. organized as a selling agency to stabilize the industry\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1916\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst local of Window Glass Cutters League formed at the Libbey-Owens-Ford plant in South Charleston\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1922\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCutters League begins recruiting window glass cutters in other unions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1923\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst convention of WGCLA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1924\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWGCOLA moves headquarters to Columbus, Ohio\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1926\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst attempt of a merger of all window glass unions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1930-34\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Window Glass Workers and Window Glass Cutters \u0026amp; Flatteners Assoc. of America join WGCLA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1933\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePassage of N.I.R.A. encourages organizing of industrial\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1934\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlen McCabe helps form Federation of Flat Glass Workers\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1935-37\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFederation joins Committee of Industrial Organization, is expelled from AFL, helps form CIO\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1937\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMcCabe resigns from Federation to preserve unity\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1940s\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWGCLA wages jurisdictional battles with United Glass and Ceramic Works (CIO)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1946\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFormation of Glass Workers' Protective League in W.Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1957\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLibbey-Owens-Ford and Pittsburgh Plate Glass begin using cutting machine\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1958\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWGCLA brings NLRB suit to protect cutting jobs\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1959\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRemaining Window glass firms begin cutting by machine\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1964\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFloat glass process introduced in U.S.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1968\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFord Motor Co. begins to market float glass\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1971\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMerger talks begin with Stone, Glass, and Clay Coordinating Committee\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1974\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMerger talks with United Glass and Ceramic Workers fail\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1975\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWGCLA merges with Glass Bottle Blowers Association\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["History of the Window Glass Cutters League of America","The history of unions in the American window glass industry begins with Local Assembly 300 of the Knights of Labor. By 1879, LA 300 represented the four major crafts in window glass manufacture -- blowers, gatherers, flatteners, and cutters. For the next two decades, the craftsmen in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Indiana battled with employers largely through the auspices of the Knights, but craft jealousies also led to the formation of separate craft unions.","By 1900, the final attempts to salvage LA 300 as a single union representing all the crafts began to collapse, leading to three decades of rival organizations. The years between 1900 and 1910 witnessed the formation of the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (ca. 1900-1933), the United Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1902-1905), the Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1904-08), the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (ca. 1908-36), and the National Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1903-31). Each of these organizations siphoned off segments of the industry workforce, either on the basis of geography (the United, for instance, was based largely in Cleveland) or by some combination of trades. The various factional splits and jurisdictional conflicts leading to this competition often resulted from struggles with employers and technological changes. Indeed, new labor processes eliminated the need for many of the skills of blowers, gatherers, and flatteners, and employers used these changes to defeat union demands and cause dissension in the ranks of the workers. Into the 1930s, then, as many as five different unions existed for window glass workers.","The traditional craft least affected by technological change was window glass cutting. Shortly after World War I, cutters in Charleston founded the first local of what would become the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Then, in 1922, cutters dissatisfaction with their treatment in other unions generated momentum for a national union of the craft. In 1922-23, Cutters League leaders Harry Kirchbenbower, Oakley Cline, and Harry Osmond began visiting cutters all over the nation, encouraging them to disaffiliate with other unions in the industry and to join the League. In June 1923, the founding convention of the Window Glass Cutters League of America, formally established the union. The following year, the League moved to Columbus, Ohio, where it maintained its headquarters for the next fifty years.","During the next decade, rival unions in the window glass industry slowly disbanded, but the dream of one all-inclusive union in the industry was more resilient. When organized labor turned to organizing unskilled industrial workers following the passage of the National Industrial Recovery Act in 1933, the dynamic president of the WGCLA, Glen McCabe, took charge of recruiting what were called the \"miscellaneous workers\" in the industry. Over the ensuing year, McCabe organized nearly 10,000 new members.","By 1934, the elite cutters feared they would soon be overwhelmed in their own union, as the miscellaneous workers asserted their influence. Consequently, in a mutual parting of the ways, McCabe took his new members and formed the Federation of Flat Glass Workers. When the Committee on Industrial Organization was formed, McCabe became one of its first members, and when the American Federation of Labor expelled the industrial unions, McCabe's Flat Glass Workers affiliated with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). Again, union rivalry reigned in the window glass industry. Although McCabe would return to the WGCLA in the 1940s (and even return to the presidency in the 1950s), the relationship between the AFL craft union and its CIO counterpart remained contentious for the next three decades.","In the post-World War II years, the WGCLA devoted much of its energy to trying to protect a declining window glass industry. Targeting cheap foreign imports as the principal reason for slumping production, the WGCLA joined with other glass-industry unions in pushing for high tariffs and import restrictions. West Virginia locals of the WGCLA were instrumental in forming the Glass Workers' Protective League which coordinated the lobbying efforts of the various unions.","The other major threat to the proud glass cutters was a new cutting machine introduced in 1955 by the two largest firms in the industry, Libbey-Owens-Ford and Pittsburgh Plate Glass. Almost immediately, the CIO union instituted a contest to obtain jurisdiction over the newly mechanized work. Although the WGCLA won a National Labor Relations Board case to maintain its jurisdiction, over the next two years the use of the cutting machine by all of the firms in the industry reduced the number of cutters needed for production.","For the ensuing two decades, the WGCLA limped along, its membership dropping well below the 1,000 mark. The once proud craftsmen even ceased taking apprentices in the 1960s due both to the lack of need for new cutters but also to government regulations that opened up apprenticeship to non-family members. What had for centuries been a closed craft fraternity was now passing into oblivion. The final blow for the WGCLA came in 1970s with the introduction of the revolutionary \"float glass\" process which threatened the American window glass industry. As several large companies shut down their plants and the numbers of WGCLA members continued to shrink, the League sought ought and completed a merger with the Glass Bottle Blowers Association in 1975, thus officially ending the history of the WGCLA.","Chronology of the Window Glass Cutters League of America","1865","First glass industry unions formed","1876","Window Glass Assemblies in the Knights of Labor formed","LA 300-Window Glass Gatherers","LA 305-Window Glass Cutters Association","LA 307-Window Glass Blowers","1879","Blowers LA 307 merges into LA 300","1880","Cutters affiliate with LA 300, joined by Flatteners","1894","Cutters and Flatteners secede from LA 300 and form craft unions affiliated with the AF of L, including the first Window Glass Cutters League of America","1895","Simon Burns elected president of LA 300, forces independent unions back into LA 300","1899-1900","Trade war in industry, reemergence of factionalism","1900","Window Glass Cutters \u0026 Flatteners Association of America formed","1902","United Window Glass Workers formed in Cleveland","1904","Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America formed from remnants of LA 300","1907-08","Glass unions decimated by strike defeat; Amalgamated disbands","1908","National Window Glass Workers becomes major union in the window glass industry","1909","Strike against American Window Glass Company leads to formation of Window Glass Cutters \u0026 Flatteners Protective Association, 4th union in industry","1911","Imperial Window Glass Co. organized as a selling agency to stabilize the industry","1916","First local of Window Glass Cutters League formed at the Libbey-Owens-Ford plant in South Charleston","1922","Cutters League begins recruiting window glass cutters in other unions","1923","First convention of WGCLA","1924","WGCOLA moves headquarters to Columbus, Ohio","1926","First attempt of a merger of all window glass unions","1930-34","National Window Glass Workers and Window Glass Cutters \u0026 Flatteners Assoc. of America join WGCLA","1933","Passage of N.I.R.A. encourages organizing of industrial","1934","Glen McCabe helps form Federation of Flat Glass Workers","1935-37","Federation joins Committee of Industrial Organization, is expelled from AFL, helps form CIO","1937","McCabe resigns from Federation to preserve unity","1940s","WGCLA wages jurisdictional battles with United Glass and Ceramic Works (CIO)","1946","Formation of Glass Workers' Protective League in W.Va.","1957","Libbey-Owens-Ford and Pittsburgh Plate Glass begin using cutting machine","1958","WGCLA brings NLRB suit to protect cutting jobs","1959","Remaining Window glass firms begin cutting by machine","1964","Float glass process introduced in U.S.","1968","Ford Motor Co. begins to market float glass","1971","Merger talks begin with Stone, Glass, and Clay Coordinating Committee","1974","Merger talks with United Glass and Ceramic Workers fail","1975","WGCLA merges with Glass Bottle Blowers Association"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers, A\u0026amp;M 2423, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers, A\u0026M 2423, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e2423, 3911\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["2423, 3911"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eIntroduction:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes correspondence, minute books, financial records, photographs, broadsides, publications, and other materials of the Window Glass Cutters League of America, and the archives of other defunct craft unions entrusted to the League.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrganizations other than the League whose records are included in this collection are: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nLocal Assembly 300, Knights of Labor (ca.1876-1905)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAmalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWindow Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (1907-29) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWindow Glass Workers Association of America (1902-04) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWindow Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1911-25) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNational Window Glass Workers (1914-24) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Window Glass Cutters League of America archives consist of the records of the national union from its inception in 1923 until its merger with the Glass Bottle Blowers of America in 1975. In addition, the collection contains records from a number of the League's predecessor organizations dating back to Local Assembly 300 of the Knights of Labor. Comprising approximately 120 linear feet, the nearly complete files of letters, memos, reports, collective bargaining files, transcripts, photos, and publications document in detail the union activities of window glass cutters for approximately a century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe League's records offer rich source material for many subjects of interest to industrial and labor historians. More than 30 boxes of collective bargaining records document industrial relations, wages, working conditions, and productions changes in the industry. Together with minutes of local meetings in the correspondence files of the secretary-treasurer's office and grievances, arbitration cases, and national labor board cases, these records enable a reconstruction of shop-floor relations in the factories. Furthermore, statistical reports for each of the locals make it possible to chart seasonal changes in the industry, labor turnover, and unemployment for skilled window glass workers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor historians interested in social history, the League's apprenticeship records dating back to the 1880s enable the study of labor recruitment and training while also making possible the reconstruction of the ethnic and familial character of the workforce. Individual membership cards dating from the early 1920s document geographic mobility and career patterns of the glass cutters. For more institutionally-inclined scholars, detailed minutes of conventions, executive board minutes, and files of the president's and secretary-treasurer's correspondence are particularly revealing for the study of national union administration.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndividual files suggest something of the richness and insularity of the craft-union culture embedded in the trade of window-glass cutting. Contentious relations with glass workers outside the craft are evident in the executive board minutes as well as the records of other unions in the industry. Moreover, craft animosity toward the less-skilled workers certainly permeates the secretary-treasurer's correspondence with local officers after the rise of the CIO union in the 1930s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany files document the tensions between fiercely independent craft workers and a union committed to collective action. In the League's attorney files, for example, there are case records covering a suit brought by one glass cutter against the League for its infringement of his patent of a glass-cutting device that the League eventually sold to its members, the complaints of Jehovah's Witnesses who were shunned by their fellow workers and eventually fired in the weeks following the attack on Pearl Harbor for refusing to salute the flat, and the expulsion of a Belgian glass cutter for working in a non-union ship in Belgium when he returned to bring his family to Charleston. Similarly, in the collective bargaining files and the president's files, there is a vivid portrait of the difficulty than an exclusive craft union faced when it confronted the provisions of equal employment opportunity laws.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinally, files from different series document the long struggle against being technologically displaced and rendered obsolete. The president's correspondence reveals the strategies relating to political action such as lobbying for high tariffs and import restrictions and relating to potential amalgamation with other glass unions. Meanwhile, the collective bargaining files contain the records of jurisdictional battles fought to maintain job security in the face of changes in production methods.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries Description:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe archives of the Window Glass Cutters League of America have been arranged into seven series, as follows: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 1. Executive Files, 1921-1975, box 1 - box 24\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Legal Matters, 1925-1975, box 1 - box 5\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Secretary-Treasurer's Correspondence, 1935-1975, box 1 - box 106\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Collective Bargaining Files, 1918-1975, box 1 - box 32\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Membership Records, 1906-1975, box 1 - box 26 and 5 reels of microfilm\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\t\nSeries 6. Administrative and Financial Files, 1928-1975, box 1 - box 8 and 15 volumes\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Related Organizations, 1876-1970, box 1 - box 10 and 17 volumes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs are stored in one large oversized box with the collection. A number of publications were removed from this collection and added to a separate pamphlet collection. A list of them can be found in the control folder for this collection in the manuscripts room.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParts of series 5 have been microfilmed and are stored in the microfilm reading room. They are on five reels of microfilm and include: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSistersville - Local Statistical Reports (1925-1938) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNorwood (Clarksburg) - Local Statistical Reports (September 1927-1955) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNorwood (Clarksburg) - Local Statistical Reports (1956-1970) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nFairchance, PA. - Statistical Reports (1924-1936) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMt. Jewett, PA; Dunbar, WV; Mannington, WV; Torrence, CA - Statistical Reports (1923-1926) \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1. Executive Files, 1921-1975, boxes 1-24\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is divided into three subseries representing the surviving files of the WGCLA's constitutional conventions, its executive board, and its presidents. Included in the first subseries are printed versions of the League's constitution and by-laws as well as printed copies of the convention proceedings. There are more extensive files, which include correspondence, for the 1960 and 1965 conventions. The first sub-series also contains the proceedings of a proposed merger convention of the League and other unions in the industry in 1926.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe principal decision-making body for the WGCLA was the executive board which was comprised, after 1935, of the president, the secretary-treasurer, and a board member from each of the locals. There are executive board meeting minutes beginning in 1925 and running until the League merged with the Glass Bottle Blowers in 1975. The minutes are indexed; the index to the early years is at the end of the volume, and the later years are indexed separately. The executive board minutes are quite detailed, and provide a fairly comprehensive guide to the major concerns of the League. This subseries also includes two boxes of correspondence. Much of the correspondence is related to the formation of the League in 1922-23, and gives a good accounting of the factionalism characterizing the labor movement in the window glass industry. There are also scattered files around particular issues for the 1930s and 1940s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe president's files only span the years from 1948 to 1975. They are divided into two groups reflecting a previous arrangement. The first group spans 1948-58, and includes incoming and outgoing letters in the same files. There are five boxes of correspondence with national and local officers, arranged by the name of the local union, and five boxes of correspondence with other organizations or individuals, or on particular subjects. The second group includes a chronological file of outgoing letters spanning 1959-75, and incoming correspondence on particular subjects. Of particular note are the files on Civil Rights, Tariffs, and the Stone, Glass and Clay Coordinating Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2. Legal Matters, 1925-1975, boxes 1-5\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of documents, correspondence and other materials relating to the cases of members pursued in the courts rather through collective bargaining mechanisms or national labor boards (which are in Series 4). This series also includes those cases in which members brought charges against the union or in which the union disciplined its members. Notable in this series are the cases of Vital Daspermont (1925), suspended for working in a non-union plant when he returned to Belgium for his family; or the Jehovah's Witnesses who lost their jobs for failing to salute the flag in the days after the attack on Pearl Harbor; the Shuler recall case (1944) which resulted in the dismissal of the League's president; the trials of members in Henryetta, Ok., (1950-56) for refusal to pay League fines; and the George Philippe case (1942-53) in which Philippe sued the League for violating his patent. It is also worth noting how the number of international cases increased dramatically following the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act (1947). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3. Secretary-Treasurer's Correspondence, 1935-1975, boxes 1-106\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Secretary-Treasurer's files detail the day-to-day administration of the League. For much of the time covered by the files in this series, the Secretary-Treasurer was H.D. Nixon, one of the founders of the League. His correspondence includes both incoming and outgoing letters, and the arrangement of the files is consistent for the years 1935 to 1960. For each year, there are typically four boxes of correspondence arranged in the following manner: correspondence with the president, with the members of the executive board (arranged by the local which the member represented), with the preceptors and secretaries of each local, with other organizations and followed by a general correspondence file arranged alphabetically. The largest bulk of the correspondence is with the officers of each of the locals. Indeed, it is through these files that the relationship of the national and local unions becomes evident. In addition, frequently contained in this correspondence are the minutes of local meetings, transmitted to the national office. Consequently, the Secretary-Treasurer's files are important in illuminating the problems facing locals and the rank and file members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter 1960, the files become sparser, and the last ten boxes are grouped in two time periods, 1961 to 1965, and 1966 to 1974. In addition, there is a box of minutes of local meetings spanning the years 1965 to 1974. In general, to understand the relations and communication from the national officers to the rank and file, the Secretary-Treasurer's files are key.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4. Collective Bargaining Files, 1918-1975, boxes 1-32\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCollective bargaining records are divided into two subseries, Agreements and Contracts, and Contract Maintenance. In the first subseries are the documents concerning the negotiation of wage scales and working rules between the League and the various companies in the industry. There are three boxes of printed contracts arranged chronologically and by company spanning through the years 1918 to 1975. There are also nine boxes of negotiations files which include: minutes of union-company meetings to discuss wages, proposals and counterproposals, correspondence, and the union's files of documents and supporting materials for its proposals. There is also one box of material concerning negotiations over apprenticeship standards. In general, the documentation for later rounds of negotiations is superior to that for earlier years.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second subseries contains materials relating to the ongoing relationship with the companies in the administration of the collective bargaining agreements. Included are nine boxes of correspondence with the companies spanning the years 1922 to 1970, one box of reports of meetings with company officials on a wide range of issues, and two boxes of arbitration case files. All of these files are arranged by company, and then chronologically. There are also six boxes of documents concerning cases brought before the National War Labor Board and the National Labor Relations Board. Finally, there are three boxes of material relating to grievances filed by members against individual companies. These are arranged by company, and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 5. Membership Records, 1906-1975, boxes 1-26 and 5 reels of microfilm\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded in this series are records pertaining to apprenticeships, wages, dues checkoffs, and the career patterns of members of the League. Particularly important is the documentation of nearly every phase of the apprenticeship program. There are six boxes of applications to learn the craft of window-glass cutting; the first box even predates the formation of the League. To be granted an apprenticeship; normally the applicant needed either a brother or a father already in the craft, so the application forms enable the tracing of family relationships in addition to age, ethnicity and other characteristics. There are also tabulations charting applications, approvals, the work progress, and eventual discharge of apprentices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCareer patterns are documented by individual membership cards for all members of the League. These cards indicate the beginning and end dates for each member's work record at the different plans in the industry dating from the 1920s. One box of seniority lists documents age of the workforce at the various plants as well as the continuous time in service from the 1930s to the 1970s. Finally, weekly statistical reports from the locals charting wages and dues comprise thirteen boxes and six reels of microfilm. To reduce the bulk, these statistical reports have been sampled in the following manner: for the Clarksburg plant of the Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company, a continuous run of the reports has been microfilmed; for the Charleston plant of the Libbey-Owens-Ford company, a monthly sample of the original copies have been preserved; for several of the smaller companies that went out of business in the 1930s or 1940s, the entire run was filmed; and for the remaining locals, either a quarterly or biennial sample was saved.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 6. Administrative and Financial Files, 1928-1975, boxes 1-8 and 15 volumes\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains principally the files relating to the administration of the League's headquarters. Reports of compliance with government regulations (i.e., equal employment opportunities, LM-2 reports following the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act, and loyalty affidavits in the wage of the Taft-Hartley Act) comprise one box, while audit reports, monthly financial statements, and IRS reports fill three boxes. Also included are contracts and negotiations files with the union representing the League's office employees. Fifteen volumes of ledgers document in detail the finances of the League from 1931 to 1975. Perhaps the most interesting items in the series, however, are the published issues of The Glass Cutter, the monthly publication of the League. An entire run of the publication survives, but it was interrupted several times. Dates of publication span 1928 to 1932, 1938 to 1958, and 1965 to 1970. Finally, there is a box of memorabilia which includes a memorial album of League members serving in the service during World War II. The album carries the service record and a photo of each member.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 7. Related Organizations, 1876-1970, boxes 1-10 and 17 volumes\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains the extant records of the predecessor and rival unions in the window glass industry, several of which merged into the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Records for Local Assembly 300, Knights of Labor include a two-volume index to the membership rolls (1876-1902), certificates of apprenticeship and initiation, and some scattered issues of by-laws, minutes, convention proceedings, and wage scales, mostly dating from 1895 to 1905. There are a few items for both the United Window Glass Workers of America (1902-04) and the Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08) which were successors to the Local Assembly 300, attempting to represent all the crafts in the industry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore extensive records exist for the two rival organizations which attempted to unite just the cutters and flatteners. For the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America, there are fairly complete executive board minutes (1904-30), some correspondence, membership records, wage scales and working rules, and two volumes of an apprentices register. A rival organization, the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1909-36) began as a result of an unsuccessful strike in 1907-08. Its influence was limited pretty much to the Pittsburgh and southwestern Pennsylvania area. Records for the Protective Association include executive board minutes (1910-34), a membership ledger, an apprentice's ledger, wage scales (1916-33), and a scrapbook covering the formation of the Protective Association (1909-12). Of particular note in these records are the files illuminating the antitrust case brought against the companies and the unions in the window glass industry immediately following World War I.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLess complete files exist for the National Window Glass Workers of America (1903-31) and the Federation of Flat Glass Workers of America (1934-70). Both of these unions attempted to organize all workers in the window glass industry. For the National, there are minutes (1916-28), wage scale booklets, some correspondence, president's reports (1918-22), and two volumes of membership rolls (1903-22). For the Federation, which was started by former League president Glen McCabe and which became one of the founding organizations of the CIO, the files relate principally to the early years of the Federation in 1934-37.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinally, there are seven volumes of scrapbooks and an oversize box of photographs containing historical documents spanning the years 1887 to 1957. They have been placed in this series because rarely do they focus on a single organization. Instead, it appears that window glass workers interested in the history of labor in the industry simply selected interesting items, often in a random fashion, to place in the scrapbooks. Included are letters, membership items, photos, newspaper clippings, and memorabilia documenting selected facets of the history of labor in the window glass industry.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Introduction:","This collection includes correspondence, minute books, financial records, photographs, broadsides, publications, and other materials of the Window Glass Cutters League of America, and the archives of other defunct craft unions entrusted to the League.","Organizations other than the League whose records are included in this collection are: \nLocal Assembly 300, Knights of Labor (ca.1876-1905)\nAmalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08) \nWindow Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (1907-29) \nWindow Glass Workers Association of America (1902-04) \nWindow Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1911-25) \nNational Window Glass Workers (1914-24)","The Window Glass Cutters League of America archives consist of the records of the national union from its inception in 1923 until its merger with the Glass Bottle Blowers of America in 1975. In addition, the collection contains records from a number of the League's predecessor organizations dating back to Local Assembly 300 of the Knights of Labor. Comprising approximately 120 linear feet, the nearly complete files of letters, memos, reports, collective bargaining files, transcripts, photos, and publications document in detail the union activities of window glass cutters for approximately a century.","The League's records offer rich source material for many subjects of interest to industrial and labor historians. More than 30 boxes of collective bargaining records document industrial relations, wages, working conditions, and productions changes in the industry. Together with minutes of local meetings in the correspondence files of the secretary-treasurer's office and grievances, arbitration cases, and national labor board cases, these records enable a reconstruction of shop-floor relations in the factories. Furthermore, statistical reports for each of the locals make it possible to chart seasonal changes in the industry, labor turnover, and unemployment for skilled window glass workers.","For historians interested in social history, the League's apprenticeship records dating back to the 1880s enable the study of labor recruitment and training while also making possible the reconstruction of the ethnic and familial character of the workforce. Individual membership cards dating from the early 1920s document geographic mobility and career patterns of the glass cutters. For more institutionally-inclined scholars, detailed minutes of conventions, executive board minutes, and files of the president's and secretary-treasurer's correspondence are particularly revealing for the study of national union administration.","Individual files suggest something of the richness and insularity of the craft-union culture embedded in the trade of window-glass cutting. Contentious relations with glass workers outside the craft are evident in the executive board minutes as well as the records of other unions in the industry. Moreover, craft animosity toward the less-skilled workers certainly permeates the secretary-treasurer's correspondence with local officers after the rise of the CIO union in the 1930s.","Many files document the tensions between fiercely independent craft workers and a union committed to collective action. In the League's attorney files, for example, there are case records covering a suit brought by one glass cutter against the League for its infringement of his patent of a glass-cutting device that the League eventually sold to its members, the complaints of Jehovah's Witnesses who were shunned by their fellow workers and eventually fired in the weeks following the attack on Pearl Harbor for refusing to salute the flat, and the expulsion of a Belgian glass cutter for working in a non-union ship in Belgium when he returned to bring his family to Charleston. Similarly, in the collective bargaining files and the president's files, there is a vivid portrait of the difficulty than an exclusive craft union faced when it confronted the provisions of equal employment opportunity laws.","Finally, files from different series document the long struggle against being technologically displaced and rendered obsolete. The president's correspondence reveals the strategies relating to political action such as lobbying for high tariffs and import restrictions and relating to potential amalgamation with other glass unions. Meanwhile, the collective bargaining files contain the records of jurisdictional battles fought to maintain job security in the face of changes in production methods.","Series Description:","The archives of the Window Glass Cutters League of America have been arranged into seven series, as follows: \nSeries 1. Executive Files, 1921-1975, box 1 - box 24\nSeries 2. Legal Matters, 1925-1975, box 1 - box 5\nSeries 3. Secretary-Treasurer's Correspondence, 1935-1975, box 1 - box 106\nSeries 4. Collective Bargaining Files, 1918-1975, box 1 - box 32\nSeries 5. Membership Records, 1906-1975, box 1 - box 26 and 5 reels of microfilm\t\nSeries 6. Administrative and Financial Files, 1928-1975, box 1 - box 8 and 15 volumes\nSeries 7. Related Organizations, 1876-1970, box 1 - box 10 and 17 volumes","Photographs are stored in one large oversized box with the collection. A number of publications were removed from this collection and added to a separate pamphlet collection. A list of them can be found in the control folder for this collection in the manuscripts room.","Parts of series 5 have been microfilmed and are stored in the microfilm reading room. They are on five reels of microfilm and include: \nSistersville - Local Statistical Reports (1925-1938) \nNorwood (Clarksburg) - Local Statistical Reports (September 1927-1955) \nNorwood (Clarksburg) - Local Statistical Reports (1956-1970) \nFairchance, PA. - Statistical Reports (1924-1936) \nMt. Jewett, PA; Dunbar, WV; Mannington, WV; Torrence, CA - Statistical Reports (1923-1926)","Series 1. Executive Files, 1921-1975, boxes 1-24","This series is divided into three subseries representing the surviving files of the WGCLA's constitutional conventions, its executive board, and its presidents. Included in the first subseries are printed versions of the League's constitution and by-laws as well as printed copies of the convention proceedings. There are more extensive files, which include correspondence, for the 1960 and 1965 conventions. The first sub-series also contains the proceedings of a proposed merger convention of the League and other unions in the industry in 1926.","The principal decision-making body for the WGCLA was the executive board which was comprised, after 1935, of the president, the secretary-treasurer, and a board member from each of the locals. There are executive board meeting minutes beginning in 1925 and running until the League merged with the Glass Bottle Blowers in 1975. The minutes are indexed; the index to the early years is at the end of the volume, and the later years are indexed separately. The executive board minutes are quite detailed, and provide a fairly comprehensive guide to the major concerns of the League. This subseries also includes two boxes of correspondence. Much of the correspondence is related to the formation of the League in 1922-23, and gives a good accounting of the factionalism characterizing the labor movement in the window glass industry. There are also scattered files around particular issues for the 1930s and 1940s.","The president's files only span the years from 1948 to 1975. They are divided into two groups reflecting a previous arrangement. The first group spans 1948-58, and includes incoming and outgoing letters in the same files. There are five boxes of correspondence with national and local officers, arranged by the name of the local union, and five boxes of correspondence with other organizations or individuals, or on particular subjects. The second group includes a chronological file of outgoing letters spanning 1959-75, and incoming correspondence on particular subjects. Of particular note are the files on Civil Rights, Tariffs, and the Stone, Glass and Clay Coordinating Committee.","Series 2. Legal Matters, 1925-1975, boxes 1-5","This series is comprised of documents, correspondence and other materials relating to the cases of members pursued in the courts rather through collective bargaining mechanisms or national labor boards (which are in Series 4). This series also includes those cases in which members brought charges against the union or in which the union disciplined its members. Notable in this series are the cases of Vital Daspermont (1925), suspended for working in a non-union plant when he returned to Belgium for his family; or the Jehovah's Witnesses who lost their jobs for failing to salute the flag in the days after the attack on Pearl Harbor; the Shuler recall case (1944) which resulted in the dismissal of the League's president; the trials of members in Henryetta, Ok., (1950-56) for refusal to pay League fines; and the George Philippe case (1942-53) in which Philippe sued the League for violating his patent. It is also worth noting how the number of international cases increased dramatically following the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act (1947).","Series 3. Secretary-Treasurer's Correspondence, 1935-1975, boxes 1-106","The Secretary-Treasurer's files detail the day-to-day administration of the League. For much of the time covered by the files in this series, the Secretary-Treasurer was H.D. Nixon, one of the founders of the League. His correspondence includes both incoming and outgoing letters, and the arrangement of the files is consistent for the years 1935 to 1960. For each year, there are typically four boxes of correspondence arranged in the following manner: correspondence with the president, with the members of the executive board (arranged by the local which the member represented), with the preceptors and secretaries of each local, with other organizations and followed by a general correspondence file arranged alphabetically. The largest bulk of the correspondence is with the officers of each of the locals. Indeed, it is through these files that the relationship of the national and local unions becomes evident. In addition, frequently contained in this correspondence are the minutes of local meetings, transmitted to the national office. Consequently, the Secretary-Treasurer's files are important in illuminating the problems facing locals and the rank and file members.","After 1960, the files become sparser, and the last ten boxes are grouped in two time periods, 1961 to 1965, and 1966 to 1974. In addition, there is a box of minutes of local meetings spanning the years 1965 to 1974. In general, to understand the relations and communication from the national officers to the rank and file, the Secretary-Treasurer's files are key.","Series 4. Collective Bargaining Files, 1918-1975, boxes 1-32","Collective bargaining records are divided into two subseries, Agreements and Contracts, and Contract Maintenance. In the first subseries are the documents concerning the negotiation of wage scales and working rules between the League and the various companies in the industry. There are three boxes of printed contracts arranged chronologically and by company spanning through the years 1918 to 1975. There are also nine boxes of negotiations files which include: minutes of union-company meetings to discuss wages, proposals and counterproposals, correspondence, and the union's files of documents and supporting materials for its proposals. There is also one box of material concerning negotiations over apprenticeship standards. In general, the documentation for later rounds of negotiations is superior to that for earlier years.","The second subseries contains materials relating to the ongoing relationship with the companies in the administration of the collective bargaining agreements. Included are nine boxes of correspondence with the companies spanning the years 1922 to 1970, one box of reports of meetings with company officials on a wide range of issues, and two boxes of arbitration case files. All of these files are arranged by company, and then chronologically. There are also six boxes of documents concerning cases brought before the National War Labor Board and the National Labor Relations Board. Finally, there are three boxes of material relating to grievances filed by members against individual companies. These are arranged by company, and then chronologically.","Series 5. Membership Records, 1906-1975, boxes 1-26 and 5 reels of microfilm","Included in this series are records pertaining to apprenticeships, wages, dues checkoffs, and the career patterns of members of the League. Particularly important is the documentation of nearly every phase of the apprenticeship program. There are six boxes of applications to learn the craft of window-glass cutting; the first box even predates the formation of the League. To be granted an apprenticeship; normally the applicant needed either a brother or a father already in the craft, so the application forms enable the tracing of family relationships in addition to age, ethnicity and other characteristics. There are also tabulations charting applications, approvals, the work progress, and eventual discharge of apprentices.","Career patterns are documented by individual membership cards for all members of the League. These cards indicate the beginning and end dates for each member's work record at the different plans in the industry dating from the 1920s. One box of seniority lists documents age of the workforce at the various plants as well as the continuous time in service from the 1930s to the 1970s. Finally, weekly statistical reports from the locals charting wages and dues comprise thirteen boxes and six reels of microfilm. To reduce the bulk, these statistical reports have been sampled in the following manner: for the Clarksburg plant of the Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company, a continuous run of the reports has been microfilmed; for the Charleston plant of the Libbey-Owens-Ford company, a monthly sample of the original copies have been preserved; for several of the smaller companies that went out of business in the 1930s or 1940s, the entire run was filmed; and for the remaining locals, either a quarterly or biennial sample was saved.","Series 6. Administrative and Financial Files, 1928-1975, boxes 1-8 and 15 volumes","This series contains principally the files relating to the administration of the League's headquarters. Reports of compliance with government regulations (i.e., equal employment opportunities, LM-2 reports following the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act, and loyalty affidavits in the wage of the Taft-Hartley Act) comprise one box, while audit reports, monthly financial statements, and IRS reports fill three boxes. Also included are contracts and negotiations files with the union representing the League's office employees. Fifteen volumes of ledgers document in detail the finances of the League from 1931 to 1975. Perhaps the most interesting items in the series, however, are the published issues of The Glass Cutter, the monthly publication of the League. An entire run of the publication survives, but it was interrupted several times. Dates of publication span 1928 to 1932, 1938 to 1958, and 1965 to 1970. Finally, there is a box of memorabilia which includes a memorial album of League members serving in the service during World War II. The album carries the service record and a photo of each member.","Series 7. Related Organizations, 1876-1970, boxes 1-10 and 17 volumes","This series contains the extant records of the predecessor and rival unions in the window glass industry, several of which merged into the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Records for Local Assembly 300, Knights of Labor include a two-volume index to the membership rolls (1876-1902), certificates of apprenticeship and initiation, and some scattered issues of by-laws, minutes, convention proceedings, and wage scales, mostly dating from 1895 to 1905. There are a few items for both the United Window Glass Workers of America (1902-04) and the Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08) which were successors to the Local Assembly 300, attempting to represent all the crafts in the industry.","More extensive records exist for the two rival organizations which attempted to unite just the cutters and flatteners. For the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America, there are fairly complete executive board minutes (1904-30), some correspondence, membership records, wage scales and working rules, and two volumes of an apprentices register. A rival organization, the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1909-36) began as a result of an unsuccessful strike in 1907-08. Its influence was limited pretty much to the Pittsburgh and southwestern Pennsylvania area. Records for the Protective Association include executive board minutes (1910-34), a membership ledger, an apprentice's ledger, wage scales (1916-33), and a scrapbook covering the formation of the Protective Association (1909-12). Of particular note in these records are the files illuminating the antitrust case brought against the companies and the unions in the window glass industry immediately following World War I.","Less complete files exist for the National Window Glass Workers of America (1903-31) and the Federation of Flat Glass Workers of America (1934-70). Both of these unions attempted to organize all workers in the window glass industry. For the National, there are minutes (1916-28), wage scale booklets, some correspondence, president's reports (1918-22), and two volumes of membership rolls (1903-22). For the Federation, which was started by former League president Glen McCabe and which became one of the founding organizations of the CIO, the files relate principally to the early years of the Federation in 1934-37.","Finally, there are seven volumes of scrapbooks and an oversize box of photographs containing historical documents spanning the years 1887 to 1957. They have been placed in this series because rarely do they focus on a single organization. Instead, it appears that window glass workers interested in the history of labor in the industry simply selected interesting items, often in a random fashion, to place in the scrapbooks. Included are letters, membership items, photos, newspaper clippings, and memorabilia documenting selected facets of the history of labor in the window glass industry."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6178a38e1d410790fa68a44c70fd2b82\"\u003eCorrespondence, minute books, financial records, photographs, broadsides, publications, and other materials of the League, and the archives of other defunct craft unions entrusted to the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Organizations other than the League whose records are included are: Local Assembly 300, Knights of Labor (ca.1876-1905); Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08); Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (1907-1929); Window Glass Workers Association of America (1902-1904); Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1911-1925); and the National Window Glass Workers (1914-1924). See the scope and content note for information regarding record series found in this collection. See the control folder in the manuscripts room for a listing of contents.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Correspondence, minute books, financial records, photographs, broadsides, publications, and other materials of the League, and the archives of other defunct craft unions entrusted to the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Organizations other than the League whose records are included are: Local Assembly 300, Knights of Labor (ca.1876-1905); Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08); Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (1907-1929); Window Glass Workers Association of America (1902-1904); Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1911-1925); and the National Window Glass Workers (1914-1924). See the scope and content note for information regarding record series found in this collection. See the control folder in the manuscripts room for a listing of contents."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5b297373e812190a3717103b0d88e094\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Window Glass Cutters League of America","Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America.","Knights of Labor. Local Assembly 300","Knights of Labor","National Window Glass Workers of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America","Window Glass Workers Association of America"],"names_coll_ssim":["Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America.","Knights of Labor. Local Assembly 300","Knights of Labor","Knights of Labor. Local Assembly 300","National Window Glass Workers of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America","Window Glass Cutters League of America","Window Glass Workers Association of America"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Window Glass Cutters League of America","Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America.","Knights of Labor. Local Assembly 300","Knights of Labor","National Window Glass Workers of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America","Window Glass Workers Association of America"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:09:58.095Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_394","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_394","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_394","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_394","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_394.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195009","title_ssm":["Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers"],"title_tesim":["Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1876-1970"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1876-1970"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1876/1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers, 1876/1970"],"text":["Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers, 1876/1970","A\u0026M 2423","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/394","Glass industry.","Union names.","Unions. SEE ALSO Labor organization.","No special access restriction applies.","History of the Window Glass Cutters League of America","The history of unions in the American window glass industry begins with Local Assembly 300 of the Knights of Labor. By 1879, LA 300 represented the four major crafts in window glass manufacture -- blowers, gatherers, flatteners, and cutters. For the next two decades, the craftsmen in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Indiana battled with employers largely through the auspices of the Knights, but craft jealousies also led to the formation of separate craft unions.","By 1900, the final attempts to salvage LA 300 as a single union representing all the crafts began to collapse, leading to three decades of rival organizations. The years between 1900 and 1910 witnessed the formation of the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (ca. 1900-1933), the United Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1902-1905), the Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1904-08), the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (ca. 1908-36), and the National Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1903-31). Each of these organizations siphoned off segments of the industry workforce, either on the basis of geography (the United, for instance, was based largely in Cleveland) or by some combination of trades. The various factional splits and jurisdictional conflicts leading to this competition often resulted from struggles with employers and technological changes. Indeed, new labor processes eliminated the need for many of the skills of blowers, gatherers, and flatteners, and employers used these changes to defeat union demands and cause dissension in the ranks of the workers. Into the 1930s, then, as many as five different unions existed for window glass workers.","The traditional craft least affected by technological change was window glass cutting. Shortly after World War I, cutters in Charleston founded the first local of what would become the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Then, in 1922, cutters dissatisfaction with their treatment in other unions generated momentum for a national union of the craft. In 1922-23, Cutters League leaders Harry Kirchbenbower, Oakley Cline, and Harry Osmond began visiting cutters all over the nation, encouraging them to disaffiliate with other unions in the industry and to join the League. In June 1923, the founding convention of the Window Glass Cutters League of America, formally established the union. The following year, the League moved to Columbus, Ohio, where it maintained its headquarters for the next fifty years.","During the next decade, rival unions in the window glass industry slowly disbanded, but the dream of one all-inclusive union in the industry was more resilient. When organized labor turned to organizing unskilled industrial workers following the passage of the National Industrial Recovery Act in 1933, the dynamic president of the WGCLA, Glen McCabe, took charge of recruiting what were called the \"miscellaneous workers\" in the industry. Over the ensuing year, McCabe organized nearly 10,000 new members.","By 1934, the elite cutters feared they would soon be overwhelmed in their own union, as the miscellaneous workers asserted their influence. Consequently, in a mutual parting of the ways, McCabe took his new members and formed the Federation of Flat Glass Workers. When the Committee on Industrial Organization was formed, McCabe became one of its first members, and when the American Federation of Labor expelled the industrial unions, McCabe's Flat Glass Workers affiliated with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). Again, union rivalry reigned in the window glass industry. Although McCabe would return to the WGCLA in the 1940s (and even return to the presidency in the 1950s), the relationship between the AFL craft union and its CIO counterpart remained contentious for the next three decades.","In the post-World War II years, the WGCLA devoted much of its energy to trying to protect a declining window glass industry. Targeting cheap foreign imports as the principal reason for slumping production, the WGCLA joined with other glass-industry unions in pushing for high tariffs and import restrictions. West Virginia locals of the WGCLA were instrumental in forming the Glass Workers' Protective League which coordinated the lobbying efforts of the various unions.","The other major threat to the proud glass cutters was a new cutting machine introduced in 1955 by the two largest firms in the industry, Libbey-Owens-Ford and Pittsburgh Plate Glass. Almost immediately, the CIO union instituted a contest to obtain jurisdiction over the newly mechanized work. Although the WGCLA won a National Labor Relations Board case to maintain its jurisdiction, over the next two years the use of the cutting machine by all of the firms in the industry reduced the number of cutters needed for production.","For the ensuing two decades, the WGCLA limped along, its membership dropping well below the 1,000 mark. The once proud craftsmen even ceased taking apprentices in the 1960s due both to the lack of need for new cutters but also to government regulations that opened up apprenticeship to non-family members. What had for centuries been a closed craft fraternity was now passing into oblivion. The final blow for the WGCLA came in 1970s with the introduction of the revolutionary \"float glass\" process which threatened the American window glass industry. As several large companies shut down their plants and the numbers of WGCLA members continued to shrink, the League sought ought and completed a merger with the Glass Bottle Blowers Association in 1975, thus officially ending the history of the WGCLA.","Chronology of the Window Glass Cutters League of America","1865","First glass industry unions formed","1876","Window Glass Assemblies in the Knights of Labor formed","LA 300-Window Glass Gatherers","LA 305-Window Glass Cutters Association","LA 307-Window Glass Blowers","1879","Blowers LA 307 merges into LA 300","1880","Cutters affiliate with LA 300, joined by Flatteners","1894","Cutters and Flatteners secede from LA 300 and form craft unions affiliated with the AF of L, including the first Window Glass Cutters League of America","1895","Simon Burns elected president of LA 300, forces independent unions back into LA 300","1899-1900","Trade war in industry, reemergence of factionalism","1900","Window Glass Cutters \u0026 Flatteners Association of America formed","1902","United Window Glass Workers formed in Cleveland","1904","Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America formed from remnants of LA 300","1907-08","Glass unions decimated by strike defeat; Amalgamated disbands","1908","National Window Glass Workers becomes major union in the window glass industry","1909","Strike against American Window Glass Company leads to formation of Window Glass Cutters \u0026 Flatteners Protective Association, 4th union in industry","1911","Imperial Window Glass Co. organized as a selling agency to stabilize the industry","1916","First local of Window Glass Cutters League formed at the Libbey-Owens-Ford plant in South Charleston","1922","Cutters League begins recruiting window glass cutters in other unions","1923","First convention of WGCLA","1924","WGCOLA moves headquarters to Columbus, Ohio","1926","First attempt of a merger of all window glass unions","1930-34","National Window Glass Workers and Window Glass Cutters \u0026 Flatteners Assoc. of America join WGCLA","1933","Passage of N.I.R.A. encourages organizing of industrial","1934","Glen McCabe helps form Federation of Flat Glass Workers","1935-37","Federation joins Committee of Industrial Organization, is expelled from AFL, helps form CIO","1937","McCabe resigns from Federation to preserve unity","1940s","WGCLA wages jurisdictional battles with United Glass and Ceramic Works (CIO)","1946","Formation of Glass Workers' Protective League in W.Va.","1957","Libbey-Owens-Ford and Pittsburgh Plate Glass begin using cutting machine","1958","WGCLA brings NLRB suit to protect cutting jobs","1959","Remaining Window glass firms begin cutting by machine","1964","Float glass process introduced in U.S.","1968","Ford Motor Co. begins to market float glass","1971","Merger talks begin with Stone, Glass, and Clay Coordinating Committee","1974","Merger talks with United Glass and Ceramic Workers fail","1975","WGCLA merges with Glass Bottle Blowers Association","2423, 3911","Introduction:","This collection includes correspondence, minute books, financial records, photographs, broadsides, publications, and other materials of the Window Glass Cutters League of America, and the archives of other defunct craft unions entrusted to the League.","Organizations other than the League whose records are included in this collection are: \nLocal Assembly 300, Knights of Labor (ca.1876-1905)\nAmalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08) \nWindow Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (1907-29) \nWindow Glass Workers Association of America (1902-04) \nWindow Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1911-25) \nNational Window Glass Workers (1914-24)","The Window Glass Cutters League of America archives consist of the records of the national union from its inception in 1923 until its merger with the Glass Bottle Blowers of America in 1975. In addition, the collection contains records from a number of the League's predecessor organizations dating back to Local Assembly 300 of the Knights of Labor. Comprising approximately 120 linear feet, the nearly complete files of letters, memos, reports, collective bargaining files, transcripts, photos, and publications document in detail the union activities of window glass cutters for approximately a century.","The League's records offer rich source material for many subjects of interest to industrial and labor historians. More than 30 boxes of collective bargaining records document industrial relations, wages, working conditions, and productions changes in the industry. Together with minutes of local meetings in the correspondence files of the secretary-treasurer's office and grievances, arbitration cases, and national labor board cases, these records enable a reconstruction of shop-floor relations in the factories. Furthermore, statistical reports for each of the locals make it possible to chart seasonal changes in the industry, labor turnover, and unemployment for skilled window glass workers.","For historians interested in social history, the League's apprenticeship records dating back to the 1880s enable the study of labor recruitment and training while also making possible the reconstruction of the ethnic and familial character of the workforce. Individual membership cards dating from the early 1920s document geographic mobility and career patterns of the glass cutters. For more institutionally-inclined scholars, detailed minutes of conventions, executive board minutes, and files of the president's and secretary-treasurer's correspondence are particularly revealing for the study of national union administration.","Individual files suggest something of the richness and insularity of the craft-union culture embedded in the trade of window-glass cutting. Contentious relations with glass workers outside the craft are evident in the executive board minutes as well as the records of other unions in the industry. Moreover, craft animosity toward the less-skilled workers certainly permeates the secretary-treasurer's correspondence with local officers after the rise of the CIO union in the 1930s.","Many files document the tensions between fiercely independent craft workers and a union committed to collective action. In the League's attorney files, for example, there are case records covering a suit brought by one glass cutter against the League for its infringement of his patent of a glass-cutting device that the League eventually sold to its members, the complaints of Jehovah's Witnesses who were shunned by their fellow workers and eventually fired in the weeks following the attack on Pearl Harbor for refusing to salute the flat, and the expulsion of a Belgian glass cutter for working in a non-union ship in Belgium when he returned to bring his family to Charleston. Similarly, in the collective bargaining files and the president's files, there is a vivid portrait of the difficulty than an exclusive craft union faced when it confronted the provisions of equal employment opportunity laws.","Finally, files from different series document the long struggle against being technologically displaced and rendered obsolete. The president's correspondence reveals the strategies relating to political action such as lobbying for high tariffs and import restrictions and relating to potential amalgamation with other glass unions. Meanwhile, the collective bargaining files contain the records of jurisdictional battles fought to maintain job security in the face of changes in production methods.","Series Description:","The archives of the Window Glass Cutters League of America have been arranged into seven series, as follows: \nSeries 1. Executive Files, 1921-1975, box 1 - box 24\nSeries 2. Legal Matters, 1925-1975, box 1 - box 5\nSeries 3. Secretary-Treasurer's Correspondence, 1935-1975, box 1 - box 106\nSeries 4. Collective Bargaining Files, 1918-1975, box 1 - box 32\nSeries 5. Membership Records, 1906-1975, box 1 - box 26 and 5 reels of microfilm\t\nSeries 6. Administrative and Financial Files, 1928-1975, box 1 - box 8 and 15 volumes\nSeries 7. Related Organizations, 1876-1970, box 1 - box 10 and 17 volumes","Photographs are stored in one large oversized box with the collection. A number of publications were removed from this collection and added to a separate pamphlet collection. A list of them can be found in the control folder for this collection in the manuscripts room.","Parts of series 5 have been microfilmed and are stored in the microfilm reading room. They are on five reels of microfilm and include: \nSistersville - Local Statistical Reports (1925-1938) \nNorwood (Clarksburg) - Local Statistical Reports (September 1927-1955) \nNorwood (Clarksburg) - Local Statistical Reports (1956-1970) \nFairchance, PA. - Statistical Reports (1924-1936) \nMt. Jewett, PA; Dunbar, WV; Mannington, WV; Torrence, CA - Statistical Reports (1923-1926)","Series 1. Executive Files, 1921-1975, boxes 1-24","This series is divided into three subseries representing the surviving files of the WGCLA's constitutional conventions, its executive board, and its presidents. Included in the first subseries are printed versions of the League's constitution and by-laws as well as printed copies of the convention proceedings. There are more extensive files, which include correspondence, for the 1960 and 1965 conventions. The first sub-series also contains the proceedings of a proposed merger convention of the League and other unions in the industry in 1926.","The principal decision-making body for the WGCLA was the executive board which was comprised, after 1935, of the president, the secretary-treasurer, and a board member from each of the locals. There are executive board meeting minutes beginning in 1925 and running until the League merged with the Glass Bottle Blowers in 1975. The minutes are indexed; the index to the early years is at the end of the volume, and the later years are indexed separately. The executive board minutes are quite detailed, and provide a fairly comprehensive guide to the major concerns of the League. This subseries also includes two boxes of correspondence. Much of the correspondence is related to the formation of the League in 1922-23, and gives a good accounting of the factionalism characterizing the labor movement in the window glass industry. There are also scattered files around particular issues for the 1930s and 1940s.","The president's files only span the years from 1948 to 1975. They are divided into two groups reflecting a previous arrangement. The first group spans 1948-58, and includes incoming and outgoing letters in the same files. There are five boxes of correspondence with national and local officers, arranged by the name of the local union, and five boxes of correspondence with other organizations or individuals, or on particular subjects. The second group includes a chronological file of outgoing letters spanning 1959-75, and incoming correspondence on particular subjects. Of particular note are the files on Civil Rights, Tariffs, and the Stone, Glass and Clay Coordinating Committee.","Series 2. Legal Matters, 1925-1975, boxes 1-5","This series is comprised of documents, correspondence and other materials relating to the cases of members pursued in the courts rather through collective bargaining mechanisms or national labor boards (which are in Series 4). This series also includes those cases in which members brought charges against the union or in which the union disciplined its members. Notable in this series are the cases of Vital Daspermont (1925), suspended for working in a non-union plant when he returned to Belgium for his family; or the Jehovah's Witnesses who lost their jobs for failing to salute the flag in the days after the attack on Pearl Harbor; the Shuler recall case (1944) which resulted in the dismissal of the League's president; the trials of members in Henryetta, Ok., (1950-56) for refusal to pay League fines; and the George Philippe case (1942-53) in which Philippe sued the League for violating his patent. It is also worth noting how the number of international cases increased dramatically following the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act (1947).","Series 3. Secretary-Treasurer's Correspondence, 1935-1975, boxes 1-106","The Secretary-Treasurer's files detail the day-to-day administration of the League. For much of the time covered by the files in this series, the Secretary-Treasurer was H.D. Nixon, one of the founders of the League. His correspondence includes both incoming and outgoing letters, and the arrangement of the files is consistent for the years 1935 to 1960. For each year, there are typically four boxes of correspondence arranged in the following manner: correspondence with the president, with the members of the executive board (arranged by the local which the member represented), with the preceptors and secretaries of each local, with other organizations and followed by a general correspondence file arranged alphabetically. The largest bulk of the correspondence is with the officers of each of the locals. Indeed, it is through these files that the relationship of the national and local unions becomes evident. In addition, frequently contained in this correspondence are the minutes of local meetings, transmitted to the national office. Consequently, the Secretary-Treasurer's files are important in illuminating the problems facing locals and the rank and file members.","After 1960, the files become sparser, and the last ten boxes are grouped in two time periods, 1961 to 1965, and 1966 to 1974. In addition, there is a box of minutes of local meetings spanning the years 1965 to 1974. In general, to understand the relations and communication from the national officers to the rank and file, the Secretary-Treasurer's files are key.","Series 4. Collective Bargaining Files, 1918-1975, boxes 1-32","Collective bargaining records are divided into two subseries, Agreements and Contracts, and Contract Maintenance. In the first subseries are the documents concerning the negotiation of wage scales and working rules between the League and the various companies in the industry. There are three boxes of printed contracts arranged chronologically and by company spanning through the years 1918 to 1975. There are also nine boxes of negotiations files which include: minutes of union-company meetings to discuss wages, proposals and counterproposals, correspondence, and the union's files of documents and supporting materials for its proposals. There is also one box of material concerning negotiations over apprenticeship standards. In general, the documentation for later rounds of negotiations is superior to that for earlier years.","The second subseries contains materials relating to the ongoing relationship with the companies in the administration of the collective bargaining agreements. Included are nine boxes of correspondence with the companies spanning the years 1922 to 1970, one box of reports of meetings with company officials on a wide range of issues, and two boxes of arbitration case files. All of these files are arranged by company, and then chronologically. There are also six boxes of documents concerning cases brought before the National War Labor Board and the National Labor Relations Board. Finally, there are three boxes of material relating to grievances filed by members against individual companies. These are arranged by company, and then chronologically.","Series 5. Membership Records, 1906-1975, boxes 1-26 and 5 reels of microfilm","Included in this series are records pertaining to apprenticeships, wages, dues checkoffs, and the career patterns of members of the League. Particularly important is the documentation of nearly every phase of the apprenticeship program. There are six boxes of applications to learn the craft of window-glass cutting; the first box even predates the formation of the League. To be granted an apprenticeship; normally the applicant needed either a brother or a father already in the craft, so the application forms enable the tracing of family relationships in addition to age, ethnicity and other characteristics. There are also tabulations charting applications, approvals, the work progress, and eventual discharge of apprentices.","Career patterns are documented by individual membership cards for all members of the League. These cards indicate the beginning and end dates for each member's work record at the different plans in the industry dating from the 1920s. One box of seniority lists documents age of the workforce at the various plants as well as the continuous time in service from the 1930s to the 1970s. Finally, weekly statistical reports from the locals charting wages and dues comprise thirteen boxes and six reels of microfilm. To reduce the bulk, these statistical reports have been sampled in the following manner: for the Clarksburg plant of the Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company, a continuous run of the reports has been microfilmed; for the Charleston plant of the Libbey-Owens-Ford company, a monthly sample of the original copies have been preserved; for several of the smaller companies that went out of business in the 1930s or 1940s, the entire run was filmed; and for the remaining locals, either a quarterly or biennial sample was saved.","Series 6. Administrative and Financial Files, 1928-1975, boxes 1-8 and 15 volumes","This series contains principally the files relating to the administration of the League's headquarters. Reports of compliance with government regulations (i.e., equal employment opportunities, LM-2 reports following the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act, and loyalty affidavits in the wage of the Taft-Hartley Act) comprise one box, while audit reports, monthly financial statements, and IRS reports fill three boxes. Also included are contracts and negotiations files with the union representing the League's office employees. Fifteen volumes of ledgers document in detail the finances of the League from 1931 to 1975. Perhaps the most interesting items in the series, however, are the published issues of The Glass Cutter, the monthly publication of the League. An entire run of the publication survives, but it was interrupted several times. Dates of publication span 1928 to 1932, 1938 to 1958, and 1965 to 1970. Finally, there is a box of memorabilia which includes a memorial album of League members serving in the service during World War II. The album carries the service record and a photo of each member.","Series 7. Related Organizations, 1876-1970, boxes 1-10 and 17 volumes","This series contains the extant records of the predecessor and rival unions in the window glass industry, several of which merged into the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Records for Local Assembly 300, Knights of Labor include a two-volume index to the membership rolls (1876-1902), certificates of apprenticeship and initiation, and some scattered issues of by-laws, minutes, convention proceedings, and wage scales, mostly dating from 1895 to 1905. There are a few items for both the United Window Glass Workers of America (1902-04) and the Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08) which were successors to the Local Assembly 300, attempting to represent all the crafts in the industry.","More extensive records exist for the two rival organizations which attempted to unite just the cutters and flatteners. For the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America, there are fairly complete executive board minutes (1904-30), some correspondence, membership records, wage scales and working rules, and two volumes of an apprentices register. A rival organization, the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1909-36) began as a result of an unsuccessful strike in 1907-08. Its influence was limited pretty much to the Pittsburgh and southwestern Pennsylvania area. Records for the Protective Association include executive board minutes (1910-34), a membership ledger, an apprentice's ledger, wage scales (1916-33), and a scrapbook covering the formation of the Protective Association (1909-12). Of particular note in these records are the files illuminating the antitrust case brought against the companies and the unions in the window glass industry immediately following World War I.","Less complete files exist for the National Window Glass Workers of America (1903-31) and the Federation of Flat Glass Workers of America (1934-70). Both of these unions attempted to organize all workers in the window glass industry. For the National, there are minutes (1916-28), wage scale booklets, some correspondence, president's reports (1918-22), and two volumes of membership rolls (1903-22). For the Federation, which was started by former League president Glen McCabe and which became one of the founding organizations of the CIO, the files relate principally to the early years of the Federation in 1934-37.","Finally, there are seven volumes of scrapbooks and an oversize box of photographs containing historical documents spanning the years 1887 to 1957. They have been placed in this series because rarely do they focus on a single organization. Instead, it appears that window glass workers interested in the history of labor in the industry simply selected interesting items, often in a random fashion, to place in the scrapbooks. Included are letters, membership items, photos, newspaper clippings, and memorabilia documenting selected facets of the history of labor in the window glass industry.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Correspondence, minute books, financial records, photographs, broadsides, publications, and other materials of the League, and the archives of other defunct craft unions entrusted to the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Organizations other than the League whose records are included are: Local Assembly 300, Knights of Labor (ca.1876-1905); Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08); Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (1907-1929); Window Glass Workers Association of America (1902-1904); Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1911-1925); and the National Window Glass Workers (1914-1924). See the scope and content note for information regarding record series found in this collection. See the control folder in the manuscripts room for a listing of contents.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Window Glass Cutters League of America","Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America.","Knights of Labor. Local Assembly 300","Knights of Labor","National Window Glass Workers of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America","Window Glass Workers Association of America","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers, 1876/1970"],"collection_ssim":["Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers, 1876/1970"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2423","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/394"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2423","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/394"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Window Glass Cutters League of America"],"creator_ssim":["Window Glass Cutters League of America"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Window Glass Cutters League of America","Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America.","Knights of Labor. Local Assembly 300","Knights of Labor","National Window Glass Workers of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America","Window Glass Workers Association of America"],"creators_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Window Glass Cutters League of America","Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America.","Knights of Labor. Local Assembly 300","Knights of Labor","National Window Glass Workers of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America","Window Glass Workers Association of America"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Glass industry.","Union names.","Unions. SEE ALSO Labor organization."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Glass industry.","Union names.","Unions. SEE ALSO Labor organization."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["86.19 Linear Feet Summary: 86 ft. 2 1/4 in. (181 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (3 record cartons, 15 in. each); (2 clamshell boxes, 3 in. each); (2 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (28 unboxed ledgers, 61 in.); (5 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["86.19 Linear Feet Summary: 86 ft. 2 1/4 in. 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By 1879, LA 300 represented the four major crafts in window glass manufacture -- blowers, gatherers, flatteners, and cutters. For the next two decades, the craftsmen in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Indiana battled with employers largely through the auspices of the Knights, but craft jealousies also led to the formation of separate craft unions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy 1900, the final attempts to salvage LA 300 as a single union representing all the crafts began to collapse, leading to three decades of rival organizations. The years between 1900 and 1910 witnessed the formation of the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (ca. 1900-1933), the United Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1902-1905), the Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1904-08), the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (ca. 1908-36), and the National Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1903-31). Each of these organizations siphoned off segments of the industry workforce, either on the basis of geography (the United, for instance, was based largely in Cleveland) or by some combination of trades. The various factional splits and jurisdictional conflicts leading to this competition often resulted from struggles with employers and technological changes. Indeed, new labor processes eliminated the need for many of the skills of blowers, gatherers, and flatteners, and employers used these changes to defeat union demands and cause dissension in the ranks of the workers. Into the 1930s, then, as many as five different unions existed for window glass workers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe traditional craft least affected by technological change was window glass cutting. Shortly after World War I, cutters in Charleston founded the first local of what would become the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Then, in 1922, cutters dissatisfaction with their treatment in other unions generated momentum for a national union of the craft. In 1922-23, Cutters League leaders Harry Kirchbenbower, Oakley Cline, and Harry Osmond began visiting cutters all over the nation, encouraging them to disaffiliate with other unions in the industry and to join the League. In June 1923, the founding convention of the Window Glass Cutters League of America, formally established the union. The following year, the League moved to Columbus, Ohio, where it maintained its headquarters for the next fifty years.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the next decade, rival unions in the window glass industry slowly disbanded, but the dream of one all-inclusive union in the industry was more resilient. When organized labor turned to organizing unskilled industrial workers following the passage of the National Industrial Recovery Act in 1933, the dynamic president of the WGCLA, Glen McCabe, took charge of recruiting what were called the \"miscellaneous workers\" in the industry. Over the ensuing year, McCabe organized nearly 10,000 new members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy 1934, the elite cutters feared they would soon be overwhelmed in their own union, as the miscellaneous workers asserted their influence. Consequently, in a mutual parting of the ways, McCabe took his new members and formed the Federation of Flat Glass Workers. When the Committee on Industrial Organization was formed, McCabe became one of its first members, and when the American Federation of Labor expelled the industrial unions, McCabe's Flat Glass Workers affiliated with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). Again, union rivalry reigned in the window glass industry. Although McCabe would return to the WGCLA in the 1940s (and even return to the presidency in the 1950s), the relationship between the AFL craft union and its CIO counterpart remained contentious for the next three decades.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the post-World War II years, the WGCLA devoted much of its energy to trying to protect a declining window glass industry. Targeting cheap foreign imports as the principal reason for slumping production, the WGCLA joined with other glass-industry unions in pushing for high tariffs and import restrictions. West Virginia locals of the WGCLA were instrumental in forming the Glass Workers' Protective League which coordinated the lobbying efforts of the various unions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe other major threat to the proud glass cutters was a new cutting machine introduced in 1955 by the two largest firms in the industry, Libbey-Owens-Ford and Pittsburgh Plate Glass. Almost immediately, the CIO union instituted a contest to obtain jurisdiction over the newly mechanized work. Although the WGCLA won a National Labor Relations Board case to maintain its jurisdiction, over the next two years the use of the cutting machine by all of the firms in the industry reduced the number of cutters needed for production.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor the ensuing two decades, the WGCLA limped along, its membership dropping well below the 1,000 mark. The once proud craftsmen even ceased taking apprentices in the 1960s due both to the lack of need for new cutters but also to government regulations that opened up apprenticeship to non-family members. What had for centuries been a closed craft fraternity was now passing into oblivion. The final blow for the WGCLA came in 1970s with the introduction of the revolutionary \"float glass\" process which threatened the American window glass industry. As several large companies shut down their plants and the numbers of WGCLA members continued to shrink, the League sought ought and completed a merger with the Glass Bottle Blowers Association in 1975, thus officially ending the history of the WGCLA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eChronology of the Window Glass Cutters League of America\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst glass industry unions formed\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1876\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWindow Glass Assemblies in the Knights of Labor formed\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLA 300-Window Glass Gatherers\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLA 305-Window Glass Cutters Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLA 307-Window Glass Blowers\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1879\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlowers LA 307 merges into LA 300\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1880\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCutters affiliate with LA 300, joined by Flatteners\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1894\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCutters and Flatteners secede from LA 300 and form craft unions affiliated with the AF of L, including the first Window Glass Cutters League of America \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1895\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSimon Burns elected president of LA 300, forces independent unions back into LA 300\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1899-1900\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTrade war in industry, reemergence of factionalism\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1900\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWindow Glass Cutters \u0026amp; Flatteners Association of America formed\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1902 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnited Window Glass Workers formed in Cleveland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1904\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmalgamated Window Glass Workers of America formed from remnants of LA 300\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1907-08\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlass unions decimated by strike defeat; Amalgamated disbands\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1908\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Window Glass Workers becomes major union in the window glass industry\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1909\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStrike against American Window Glass Company leads to formation of Window Glass Cutters \u0026amp; Flatteners Protective Association, 4th union in industry\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1911\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImperial Window Glass Co. organized as a selling agency to stabilize the industry\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1916\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst local of Window Glass Cutters League formed at the Libbey-Owens-Ford plant in South Charleston\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1922\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCutters League begins recruiting window glass cutters in other unions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1923\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst convention of WGCLA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1924\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWGCOLA moves headquarters to Columbus, Ohio\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1926\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst attempt of a merger of all window glass unions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1930-34\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Window Glass Workers and Window Glass Cutters \u0026amp; Flatteners Assoc. of America join WGCLA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1933\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePassage of N.I.R.A. encourages organizing of industrial\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1934\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlen McCabe helps form Federation of Flat Glass Workers\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1935-37\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFederation joins Committee of Industrial Organization, is expelled from AFL, helps form CIO\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1937\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMcCabe resigns from Federation to preserve unity\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1940s\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWGCLA wages jurisdictional battles with United Glass and Ceramic Works (CIO)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1946\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFormation of Glass Workers' Protective League in W.Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1957\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLibbey-Owens-Ford and Pittsburgh Plate Glass begin using cutting machine\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1958\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWGCLA brings NLRB suit to protect cutting jobs\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1959\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRemaining Window glass firms begin cutting by machine\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1964\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFloat glass process introduced in U.S.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1968\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFord Motor Co. begins to market float glass\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1971\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMerger talks begin with Stone, Glass, and Clay Coordinating Committee\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1974\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMerger talks with United Glass and Ceramic Workers fail\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1975\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWGCLA merges with Glass Bottle Blowers Association\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["History of the Window Glass Cutters League of America","The history of unions in the American window glass industry begins with Local Assembly 300 of the Knights of Labor. By 1879, LA 300 represented the four major crafts in window glass manufacture -- blowers, gatherers, flatteners, and cutters. For the next two decades, the craftsmen in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Indiana battled with employers largely through the auspices of the Knights, but craft jealousies also led to the formation of separate craft unions.","By 1900, the final attempts to salvage LA 300 as a single union representing all the crafts began to collapse, leading to three decades of rival organizations. The years between 1900 and 1910 witnessed the formation of the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (ca. 1900-1933), the United Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1902-1905), the Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1904-08), the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (ca. 1908-36), and the National Window Glass Workers of America (ca. 1903-31). Each of these organizations siphoned off segments of the industry workforce, either on the basis of geography (the United, for instance, was based largely in Cleveland) or by some combination of trades. The various factional splits and jurisdictional conflicts leading to this competition often resulted from struggles with employers and technological changes. Indeed, new labor processes eliminated the need for many of the skills of blowers, gatherers, and flatteners, and employers used these changes to defeat union demands and cause dissension in the ranks of the workers. Into the 1930s, then, as many as five different unions existed for window glass workers.","The traditional craft least affected by technological change was window glass cutting. Shortly after World War I, cutters in Charleston founded the first local of what would become the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Then, in 1922, cutters dissatisfaction with their treatment in other unions generated momentum for a national union of the craft. In 1922-23, Cutters League leaders Harry Kirchbenbower, Oakley Cline, and Harry Osmond began visiting cutters all over the nation, encouraging them to disaffiliate with other unions in the industry and to join the League. In June 1923, the founding convention of the Window Glass Cutters League of America, formally established the union. The following year, the League moved to Columbus, Ohio, where it maintained its headquarters for the next fifty years.","During the next decade, rival unions in the window glass industry slowly disbanded, but the dream of one all-inclusive union in the industry was more resilient. When organized labor turned to organizing unskilled industrial workers following the passage of the National Industrial Recovery Act in 1933, the dynamic president of the WGCLA, Glen McCabe, took charge of recruiting what were called the \"miscellaneous workers\" in the industry. Over the ensuing year, McCabe organized nearly 10,000 new members.","By 1934, the elite cutters feared they would soon be overwhelmed in their own union, as the miscellaneous workers asserted their influence. Consequently, in a mutual parting of the ways, McCabe took his new members and formed the Federation of Flat Glass Workers. When the Committee on Industrial Organization was formed, McCabe became one of its first members, and when the American Federation of Labor expelled the industrial unions, McCabe's Flat Glass Workers affiliated with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). Again, union rivalry reigned in the window glass industry. Although McCabe would return to the WGCLA in the 1940s (and even return to the presidency in the 1950s), the relationship between the AFL craft union and its CIO counterpart remained contentious for the next three decades.","In the post-World War II years, the WGCLA devoted much of its energy to trying to protect a declining window glass industry. Targeting cheap foreign imports as the principal reason for slumping production, the WGCLA joined with other glass-industry unions in pushing for high tariffs and import restrictions. West Virginia locals of the WGCLA were instrumental in forming the Glass Workers' Protective League which coordinated the lobbying efforts of the various unions.","The other major threat to the proud glass cutters was a new cutting machine introduced in 1955 by the two largest firms in the industry, Libbey-Owens-Ford and Pittsburgh Plate Glass. Almost immediately, the CIO union instituted a contest to obtain jurisdiction over the newly mechanized work. Although the WGCLA won a National Labor Relations Board case to maintain its jurisdiction, over the next two years the use of the cutting machine by all of the firms in the industry reduced the number of cutters needed for production.","For the ensuing two decades, the WGCLA limped along, its membership dropping well below the 1,000 mark. The once proud craftsmen even ceased taking apprentices in the 1960s due both to the lack of need for new cutters but also to government regulations that opened up apprenticeship to non-family members. What had for centuries been a closed craft fraternity was now passing into oblivion. The final blow for the WGCLA came in 1970s with the introduction of the revolutionary \"float glass\" process which threatened the American window glass industry. As several large companies shut down their plants and the numbers of WGCLA members continued to shrink, the League sought ought and completed a merger with the Glass Bottle Blowers Association in 1975, thus officially ending the history of the WGCLA.","Chronology of the Window Glass Cutters League of America","1865","First glass industry unions formed","1876","Window Glass Assemblies in the Knights of Labor formed","LA 300-Window Glass Gatherers","LA 305-Window Glass Cutters Association","LA 307-Window Glass Blowers","1879","Blowers LA 307 merges into LA 300","1880","Cutters affiliate with LA 300, joined by Flatteners","1894","Cutters and Flatteners secede from LA 300 and form craft unions affiliated with the AF of L, including the first Window Glass Cutters League of America","1895","Simon Burns elected president of LA 300, forces independent unions back into LA 300","1899-1900","Trade war in industry, reemergence of factionalism","1900","Window Glass Cutters \u0026 Flatteners Association of America formed","1902","United Window Glass Workers formed in Cleveland","1904","Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America formed from remnants of LA 300","1907-08","Glass unions decimated by strike defeat; Amalgamated disbands","1908","National Window Glass Workers becomes major union in the window glass industry","1909","Strike against American Window Glass Company leads to formation of Window Glass Cutters \u0026 Flatteners Protective Association, 4th union in industry","1911","Imperial Window Glass Co. organized as a selling agency to stabilize the industry","1916","First local of Window Glass Cutters League formed at the Libbey-Owens-Ford plant in South Charleston","1922","Cutters League begins recruiting window glass cutters in other unions","1923","First convention of WGCLA","1924","WGCOLA moves headquarters to Columbus, Ohio","1926","First attempt of a merger of all window glass unions","1930-34","National Window Glass Workers and Window Glass Cutters \u0026 Flatteners Assoc. of America join WGCLA","1933","Passage of N.I.R.A. encourages organizing of industrial","1934","Glen McCabe helps form Federation of Flat Glass Workers","1935-37","Federation joins Committee of Industrial Organization, is expelled from AFL, helps form CIO","1937","McCabe resigns from Federation to preserve unity","1940s","WGCLA wages jurisdictional battles with United Glass and Ceramic Works (CIO)","1946","Formation of Glass Workers' Protective League in W.Va.","1957","Libbey-Owens-Ford and Pittsburgh Plate Glass begin using cutting machine","1958","WGCLA brings NLRB suit to protect cutting jobs","1959","Remaining Window glass firms begin cutting by machine","1964","Float glass process introduced in U.S.","1968","Ford Motor Co. begins to market float glass","1971","Merger talks begin with Stone, Glass, and Clay Coordinating Committee","1974","Merger talks with United Glass and Ceramic Workers fail","1975","WGCLA merges with Glass Bottle Blowers Association"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers, A\u0026amp;M 2423, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Window Glass Cutters League of America Papers, A\u0026M 2423, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e2423, 3911\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["2423, 3911"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eIntroduction:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes correspondence, minute books, financial records, photographs, broadsides, publications, and other materials of the Window Glass Cutters League of America, and the archives of other defunct craft unions entrusted to the League.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrganizations other than the League whose records are included in this collection are: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nLocal Assembly 300, Knights of Labor (ca.1876-1905)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAmalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWindow Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (1907-29) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWindow Glass Workers Association of America (1902-04) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWindow Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1911-25) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNational Window Glass Workers (1914-24) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Window Glass Cutters League of America archives consist of the records of the national union from its inception in 1923 until its merger with the Glass Bottle Blowers of America in 1975. In addition, the collection contains records from a number of the League's predecessor organizations dating back to Local Assembly 300 of the Knights of Labor. Comprising approximately 120 linear feet, the nearly complete files of letters, memos, reports, collective bargaining files, transcripts, photos, and publications document in detail the union activities of window glass cutters for approximately a century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe League's records offer rich source material for many subjects of interest to industrial and labor historians. More than 30 boxes of collective bargaining records document industrial relations, wages, working conditions, and productions changes in the industry. Together with minutes of local meetings in the correspondence files of the secretary-treasurer's office and grievances, arbitration cases, and national labor board cases, these records enable a reconstruction of shop-floor relations in the factories. Furthermore, statistical reports for each of the locals make it possible to chart seasonal changes in the industry, labor turnover, and unemployment for skilled window glass workers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor historians interested in social history, the League's apprenticeship records dating back to the 1880s enable the study of labor recruitment and training while also making possible the reconstruction of the ethnic and familial character of the workforce. Individual membership cards dating from the early 1920s document geographic mobility and career patterns of the glass cutters. For more institutionally-inclined scholars, detailed minutes of conventions, executive board minutes, and files of the president's and secretary-treasurer's correspondence are particularly revealing for the study of national union administration.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndividual files suggest something of the richness and insularity of the craft-union culture embedded in the trade of window-glass cutting. Contentious relations with glass workers outside the craft are evident in the executive board minutes as well as the records of other unions in the industry. Moreover, craft animosity toward the less-skilled workers certainly permeates the secretary-treasurer's correspondence with local officers after the rise of the CIO union in the 1930s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany files document the tensions between fiercely independent craft workers and a union committed to collective action. In the League's attorney files, for example, there are case records covering a suit brought by one glass cutter against the League for its infringement of his patent of a glass-cutting device that the League eventually sold to its members, the complaints of Jehovah's Witnesses who were shunned by their fellow workers and eventually fired in the weeks following the attack on Pearl Harbor for refusing to salute the flat, and the expulsion of a Belgian glass cutter for working in a non-union ship in Belgium when he returned to bring his family to Charleston. Similarly, in the collective bargaining files and the president's files, there is a vivid portrait of the difficulty than an exclusive craft union faced when it confronted the provisions of equal employment opportunity laws.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinally, files from different series document the long struggle against being technologically displaced and rendered obsolete. The president's correspondence reveals the strategies relating to political action such as lobbying for high tariffs and import restrictions and relating to potential amalgamation with other glass unions. Meanwhile, the collective bargaining files contain the records of jurisdictional battles fought to maintain job security in the face of changes in production methods.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries Description:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe archives of the Window Glass Cutters League of America have been arranged into seven series, as follows: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 1. Executive Files, 1921-1975, box 1 - box 24\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Legal Matters, 1925-1975, box 1 - box 5\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Secretary-Treasurer's Correspondence, 1935-1975, box 1 - box 106\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Collective Bargaining Files, 1918-1975, box 1 - box 32\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Membership Records, 1906-1975, box 1 - box 26 and 5 reels of microfilm\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\t\nSeries 6. Administrative and Financial Files, 1928-1975, box 1 - box 8 and 15 volumes\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Related Organizations, 1876-1970, box 1 - box 10 and 17 volumes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs are stored in one large oversized box with the collection. A number of publications were removed from this collection and added to a separate pamphlet collection. A list of them can be found in the control folder for this collection in the manuscripts room.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParts of series 5 have been microfilmed and are stored in the microfilm reading room. They are on five reels of microfilm and include: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSistersville - Local Statistical Reports (1925-1938) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNorwood (Clarksburg) - Local Statistical Reports (September 1927-1955) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNorwood (Clarksburg) - Local Statistical Reports (1956-1970) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nFairchance, PA. - Statistical Reports (1924-1936) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMt. Jewett, PA; Dunbar, WV; Mannington, WV; Torrence, CA - Statistical Reports (1923-1926) \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1. Executive Files, 1921-1975, boxes 1-24\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is divided into three subseries representing the surviving files of the WGCLA's constitutional conventions, its executive board, and its presidents. Included in the first subseries are printed versions of the League's constitution and by-laws as well as printed copies of the convention proceedings. There are more extensive files, which include correspondence, for the 1960 and 1965 conventions. The first sub-series also contains the proceedings of a proposed merger convention of the League and other unions in the industry in 1926.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe principal decision-making body for the WGCLA was the executive board which was comprised, after 1935, of the president, the secretary-treasurer, and a board member from each of the locals. There are executive board meeting minutes beginning in 1925 and running until the League merged with the Glass Bottle Blowers in 1975. The minutes are indexed; the index to the early years is at the end of the volume, and the later years are indexed separately. The executive board minutes are quite detailed, and provide a fairly comprehensive guide to the major concerns of the League. This subseries also includes two boxes of correspondence. Much of the correspondence is related to the formation of the League in 1922-23, and gives a good accounting of the factionalism characterizing the labor movement in the window glass industry. There are also scattered files around particular issues for the 1930s and 1940s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe president's files only span the years from 1948 to 1975. They are divided into two groups reflecting a previous arrangement. The first group spans 1948-58, and includes incoming and outgoing letters in the same files. There are five boxes of correspondence with national and local officers, arranged by the name of the local union, and five boxes of correspondence with other organizations or individuals, or on particular subjects. The second group includes a chronological file of outgoing letters spanning 1959-75, and incoming correspondence on particular subjects. Of particular note are the files on Civil Rights, Tariffs, and the Stone, Glass and Clay Coordinating Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2. Legal Matters, 1925-1975, boxes 1-5\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of documents, correspondence and other materials relating to the cases of members pursued in the courts rather through collective bargaining mechanisms or national labor boards (which are in Series 4). This series also includes those cases in which members brought charges against the union or in which the union disciplined its members. Notable in this series are the cases of Vital Daspermont (1925), suspended for working in a non-union plant when he returned to Belgium for his family; or the Jehovah's Witnesses who lost their jobs for failing to salute the flag in the days after the attack on Pearl Harbor; the Shuler recall case (1944) which resulted in the dismissal of the League's president; the trials of members in Henryetta, Ok., (1950-56) for refusal to pay League fines; and the George Philippe case (1942-53) in which Philippe sued the League for violating his patent. It is also worth noting how the number of international cases increased dramatically following the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act (1947). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3. Secretary-Treasurer's Correspondence, 1935-1975, boxes 1-106\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Secretary-Treasurer's files detail the day-to-day administration of the League. For much of the time covered by the files in this series, the Secretary-Treasurer was H.D. Nixon, one of the founders of the League. His correspondence includes both incoming and outgoing letters, and the arrangement of the files is consistent for the years 1935 to 1960. For each year, there are typically four boxes of correspondence arranged in the following manner: correspondence with the president, with the members of the executive board (arranged by the local which the member represented), with the preceptors and secretaries of each local, with other organizations and followed by a general correspondence file arranged alphabetically. The largest bulk of the correspondence is with the officers of each of the locals. Indeed, it is through these files that the relationship of the national and local unions becomes evident. In addition, frequently contained in this correspondence are the minutes of local meetings, transmitted to the national office. Consequently, the Secretary-Treasurer's files are important in illuminating the problems facing locals and the rank and file members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter 1960, the files become sparser, and the last ten boxes are grouped in two time periods, 1961 to 1965, and 1966 to 1974. In addition, there is a box of minutes of local meetings spanning the years 1965 to 1974. In general, to understand the relations and communication from the national officers to the rank and file, the Secretary-Treasurer's files are key.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4. Collective Bargaining Files, 1918-1975, boxes 1-32\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCollective bargaining records are divided into two subseries, Agreements and Contracts, and Contract Maintenance. In the first subseries are the documents concerning the negotiation of wage scales and working rules between the League and the various companies in the industry. There are three boxes of printed contracts arranged chronologically and by company spanning through the years 1918 to 1975. There are also nine boxes of negotiations files which include: minutes of union-company meetings to discuss wages, proposals and counterproposals, correspondence, and the union's files of documents and supporting materials for its proposals. There is also one box of material concerning negotiations over apprenticeship standards. In general, the documentation for later rounds of negotiations is superior to that for earlier years.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second subseries contains materials relating to the ongoing relationship with the companies in the administration of the collective bargaining agreements. Included are nine boxes of correspondence with the companies spanning the years 1922 to 1970, one box of reports of meetings with company officials on a wide range of issues, and two boxes of arbitration case files. All of these files are arranged by company, and then chronologically. There are also six boxes of documents concerning cases brought before the National War Labor Board and the National Labor Relations Board. Finally, there are three boxes of material relating to grievances filed by members against individual companies. These are arranged by company, and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 5. Membership Records, 1906-1975, boxes 1-26 and 5 reels of microfilm\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded in this series are records pertaining to apprenticeships, wages, dues checkoffs, and the career patterns of members of the League. Particularly important is the documentation of nearly every phase of the apprenticeship program. There are six boxes of applications to learn the craft of window-glass cutting; the first box even predates the formation of the League. To be granted an apprenticeship; normally the applicant needed either a brother or a father already in the craft, so the application forms enable the tracing of family relationships in addition to age, ethnicity and other characteristics. There are also tabulations charting applications, approvals, the work progress, and eventual discharge of apprentices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCareer patterns are documented by individual membership cards for all members of the League. These cards indicate the beginning and end dates for each member's work record at the different plans in the industry dating from the 1920s. One box of seniority lists documents age of the workforce at the various plants as well as the continuous time in service from the 1930s to the 1970s. Finally, weekly statistical reports from the locals charting wages and dues comprise thirteen boxes and six reels of microfilm. To reduce the bulk, these statistical reports have been sampled in the following manner: for the Clarksburg plant of the Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company, a continuous run of the reports has been microfilmed; for the Charleston plant of the Libbey-Owens-Ford company, a monthly sample of the original copies have been preserved; for several of the smaller companies that went out of business in the 1930s or 1940s, the entire run was filmed; and for the remaining locals, either a quarterly or biennial sample was saved.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 6. Administrative and Financial Files, 1928-1975, boxes 1-8 and 15 volumes\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains principally the files relating to the administration of the League's headquarters. Reports of compliance with government regulations (i.e., equal employment opportunities, LM-2 reports following the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act, and loyalty affidavits in the wage of the Taft-Hartley Act) comprise one box, while audit reports, monthly financial statements, and IRS reports fill three boxes. Also included are contracts and negotiations files with the union representing the League's office employees. Fifteen volumes of ledgers document in detail the finances of the League from 1931 to 1975. Perhaps the most interesting items in the series, however, are the published issues of The Glass Cutter, the monthly publication of the League. An entire run of the publication survives, but it was interrupted several times. Dates of publication span 1928 to 1932, 1938 to 1958, and 1965 to 1970. Finally, there is a box of memorabilia which includes a memorial album of League members serving in the service during World War II. The album carries the service record and a photo of each member.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 7. Related Organizations, 1876-1970, boxes 1-10 and 17 volumes\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains the extant records of the predecessor and rival unions in the window glass industry, several of which merged into the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Records for Local Assembly 300, Knights of Labor include a two-volume index to the membership rolls (1876-1902), certificates of apprenticeship and initiation, and some scattered issues of by-laws, minutes, convention proceedings, and wage scales, mostly dating from 1895 to 1905. There are a few items for both the United Window Glass Workers of America (1902-04) and the Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08) which were successors to the Local Assembly 300, attempting to represent all the crafts in the industry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore extensive records exist for the two rival organizations which attempted to unite just the cutters and flatteners. For the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America, there are fairly complete executive board minutes (1904-30), some correspondence, membership records, wage scales and working rules, and two volumes of an apprentices register. A rival organization, the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1909-36) began as a result of an unsuccessful strike in 1907-08. Its influence was limited pretty much to the Pittsburgh and southwestern Pennsylvania area. Records for the Protective Association include executive board minutes (1910-34), a membership ledger, an apprentice's ledger, wage scales (1916-33), and a scrapbook covering the formation of the Protective Association (1909-12). Of particular note in these records are the files illuminating the antitrust case brought against the companies and the unions in the window glass industry immediately following World War I.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLess complete files exist for the National Window Glass Workers of America (1903-31) and the Federation of Flat Glass Workers of America (1934-70). Both of these unions attempted to organize all workers in the window glass industry. For the National, there are minutes (1916-28), wage scale booklets, some correspondence, president's reports (1918-22), and two volumes of membership rolls (1903-22). For the Federation, which was started by former League president Glen McCabe and which became one of the founding organizations of the CIO, the files relate principally to the early years of the Federation in 1934-37.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinally, there are seven volumes of scrapbooks and an oversize box of photographs containing historical documents spanning the years 1887 to 1957. They have been placed in this series because rarely do they focus on a single organization. Instead, it appears that window glass workers interested in the history of labor in the industry simply selected interesting items, often in a random fashion, to place in the scrapbooks. Included are letters, membership items, photos, newspaper clippings, and memorabilia documenting selected facets of the history of labor in the window glass industry.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Introduction:","This collection includes correspondence, minute books, financial records, photographs, broadsides, publications, and other materials of the Window Glass Cutters League of America, and the archives of other defunct craft unions entrusted to the League.","Organizations other than the League whose records are included in this collection are: \nLocal Assembly 300, Knights of Labor (ca.1876-1905)\nAmalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08) \nWindow Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (1907-29) \nWindow Glass Workers Association of America (1902-04) \nWindow Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1911-25) \nNational Window Glass Workers (1914-24)","The Window Glass Cutters League of America archives consist of the records of the national union from its inception in 1923 until its merger with the Glass Bottle Blowers of America in 1975. In addition, the collection contains records from a number of the League's predecessor organizations dating back to Local Assembly 300 of the Knights of Labor. Comprising approximately 120 linear feet, the nearly complete files of letters, memos, reports, collective bargaining files, transcripts, photos, and publications document in detail the union activities of window glass cutters for approximately a century.","The League's records offer rich source material for many subjects of interest to industrial and labor historians. More than 30 boxes of collective bargaining records document industrial relations, wages, working conditions, and productions changes in the industry. Together with minutes of local meetings in the correspondence files of the secretary-treasurer's office and grievances, arbitration cases, and national labor board cases, these records enable a reconstruction of shop-floor relations in the factories. Furthermore, statistical reports for each of the locals make it possible to chart seasonal changes in the industry, labor turnover, and unemployment for skilled window glass workers.","For historians interested in social history, the League's apprenticeship records dating back to the 1880s enable the study of labor recruitment and training while also making possible the reconstruction of the ethnic and familial character of the workforce. Individual membership cards dating from the early 1920s document geographic mobility and career patterns of the glass cutters. For more institutionally-inclined scholars, detailed minutes of conventions, executive board minutes, and files of the president's and secretary-treasurer's correspondence are particularly revealing for the study of national union administration.","Individual files suggest something of the richness and insularity of the craft-union culture embedded in the trade of window-glass cutting. Contentious relations with glass workers outside the craft are evident in the executive board minutes as well as the records of other unions in the industry. Moreover, craft animosity toward the less-skilled workers certainly permeates the secretary-treasurer's correspondence with local officers after the rise of the CIO union in the 1930s.","Many files document the tensions between fiercely independent craft workers and a union committed to collective action. In the League's attorney files, for example, there are case records covering a suit brought by one glass cutter against the League for its infringement of his patent of a glass-cutting device that the League eventually sold to its members, the complaints of Jehovah's Witnesses who were shunned by their fellow workers and eventually fired in the weeks following the attack on Pearl Harbor for refusing to salute the flat, and the expulsion of a Belgian glass cutter for working in a non-union ship in Belgium when he returned to bring his family to Charleston. Similarly, in the collective bargaining files and the president's files, there is a vivid portrait of the difficulty than an exclusive craft union faced when it confronted the provisions of equal employment opportunity laws.","Finally, files from different series document the long struggle against being technologically displaced and rendered obsolete. The president's correspondence reveals the strategies relating to political action such as lobbying for high tariffs and import restrictions and relating to potential amalgamation with other glass unions. Meanwhile, the collective bargaining files contain the records of jurisdictional battles fought to maintain job security in the face of changes in production methods.","Series Description:","The archives of the Window Glass Cutters League of America have been arranged into seven series, as follows: \nSeries 1. Executive Files, 1921-1975, box 1 - box 24\nSeries 2. Legal Matters, 1925-1975, box 1 - box 5\nSeries 3. Secretary-Treasurer's Correspondence, 1935-1975, box 1 - box 106\nSeries 4. Collective Bargaining Files, 1918-1975, box 1 - box 32\nSeries 5. Membership Records, 1906-1975, box 1 - box 26 and 5 reels of microfilm\t\nSeries 6. Administrative and Financial Files, 1928-1975, box 1 - box 8 and 15 volumes\nSeries 7. Related Organizations, 1876-1970, box 1 - box 10 and 17 volumes","Photographs are stored in one large oversized box with the collection. A number of publications were removed from this collection and added to a separate pamphlet collection. A list of them can be found in the control folder for this collection in the manuscripts room.","Parts of series 5 have been microfilmed and are stored in the microfilm reading room. They are on five reels of microfilm and include: \nSistersville - Local Statistical Reports (1925-1938) \nNorwood (Clarksburg) - Local Statistical Reports (September 1927-1955) \nNorwood (Clarksburg) - Local Statistical Reports (1956-1970) \nFairchance, PA. - Statistical Reports (1924-1936) \nMt. Jewett, PA; Dunbar, WV; Mannington, WV; Torrence, CA - Statistical Reports (1923-1926)","Series 1. Executive Files, 1921-1975, boxes 1-24","This series is divided into three subseries representing the surviving files of the WGCLA's constitutional conventions, its executive board, and its presidents. Included in the first subseries are printed versions of the League's constitution and by-laws as well as printed copies of the convention proceedings. There are more extensive files, which include correspondence, for the 1960 and 1965 conventions. The first sub-series also contains the proceedings of a proposed merger convention of the League and other unions in the industry in 1926.","The principal decision-making body for the WGCLA was the executive board which was comprised, after 1935, of the president, the secretary-treasurer, and a board member from each of the locals. There are executive board meeting minutes beginning in 1925 and running until the League merged with the Glass Bottle Blowers in 1975. The minutes are indexed; the index to the early years is at the end of the volume, and the later years are indexed separately. The executive board minutes are quite detailed, and provide a fairly comprehensive guide to the major concerns of the League. This subseries also includes two boxes of correspondence. Much of the correspondence is related to the formation of the League in 1922-23, and gives a good accounting of the factionalism characterizing the labor movement in the window glass industry. There are also scattered files around particular issues for the 1930s and 1940s.","The president's files only span the years from 1948 to 1975. They are divided into two groups reflecting a previous arrangement. The first group spans 1948-58, and includes incoming and outgoing letters in the same files. There are five boxes of correspondence with national and local officers, arranged by the name of the local union, and five boxes of correspondence with other organizations or individuals, or on particular subjects. The second group includes a chronological file of outgoing letters spanning 1959-75, and incoming correspondence on particular subjects. Of particular note are the files on Civil Rights, Tariffs, and the Stone, Glass and Clay Coordinating Committee.","Series 2. Legal Matters, 1925-1975, boxes 1-5","This series is comprised of documents, correspondence and other materials relating to the cases of members pursued in the courts rather through collective bargaining mechanisms or national labor boards (which are in Series 4). This series also includes those cases in which members brought charges against the union or in which the union disciplined its members. Notable in this series are the cases of Vital Daspermont (1925), suspended for working in a non-union plant when he returned to Belgium for his family; or the Jehovah's Witnesses who lost their jobs for failing to salute the flag in the days after the attack on Pearl Harbor; the Shuler recall case (1944) which resulted in the dismissal of the League's president; the trials of members in Henryetta, Ok., (1950-56) for refusal to pay League fines; and the George Philippe case (1942-53) in which Philippe sued the League for violating his patent. It is also worth noting how the number of international cases increased dramatically following the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act (1947).","Series 3. Secretary-Treasurer's Correspondence, 1935-1975, boxes 1-106","The Secretary-Treasurer's files detail the day-to-day administration of the League. For much of the time covered by the files in this series, the Secretary-Treasurer was H.D. Nixon, one of the founders of the League. His correspondence includes both incoming and outgoing letters, and the arrangement of the files is consistent for the years 1935 to 1960. For each year, there are typically four boxes of correspondence arranged in the following manner: correspondence with the president, with the members of the executive board (arranged by the local which the member represented), with the preceptors and secretaries of each local, with other organizations and followed by a general correspondence file arranged alphabetically. The largest bulk of the correspondence is with the officers of each of the locals. Indeed, it is through these files that the relationship of the national and local unions becomes evident. In addition, frequently contained in this correspondence are the minutes of local meetings, transmitted to the national office. Consequently, the Secretary-Treasurer's files are important in illuminating the problems facing locals and the rank and file members.","After 1960, the files become sparser, and the last ten boxes are grouped in two time periods, 1961 to 1965, and 1966 to 1974. In addition, there is a box of minutes of local meetings spanning the years 1965 to 1974. In general, to understand the relations and communication from the national officers to the rank and file, the Secretary-Treasurer's files are key.","Series 4. Collective Bargaining Files, 1918-1975, boxes 1-32","Collective bargaining records are divided into two subseries, Agreements and Contracts, and Contract Maintenance. In the first subseries are the documents concerning the negotiation of wage scales and working rules between the League and the various companies in the industry. There are three boxes of printed contracts arranged chronologically and by company spanning through the years 1918 to 1975. There are also nine boxes of negotiations files which include: minutes of union-company meetings to discuss wages, proposals and counterproposals, correspondence, and the union's files of documents and supporting materials for its proposals. There is also one box of material concerning negotiations over apprenticeship standards. In general, the documentation for later rounds of negotiations is superior to that for earlier years.","The second subseries contains materials relating to the ongoing relationship with the companies in the administration of the collective bargaining agreements. Included are nine boxes of correspondence with the companies spanning the years 1922 to 1970, one box of reports of meetings with company officials on a wide range of issues, and two boxes of arbitration case files. All of these files are arranged by company, and then chronologically. There are also six boxes of documents concerning cases brought before the National War Labor Board and the National Labor Relations Board. Finally, there are three boxes of material relating to grievances filed by members against individual companies. These are arranged by company, and then chronologically.","Series 5. Membership Records, 1906-1975, boxes 1-26 and 5 reels of microfilm","Included in this series are records pertaining to apprenticeships, wages, dues checkoffs, and the career patterns of members of the League. Particularly important is the documentation of nearly every phase of the apprenticeship program. There are six boxes of applications to learn the craft of window-glass cutting; the first box even predates the formation of the League. To be granted an apprenticeship; normally the applicant needed either a brother or a father already in the craft, so the application forms enable the tracing of family relationships in addition to age, ethnicity and other characteristics. There are also tabulations charting applications, approvals, the work progress, and eventual discharge of apprentices.","Career patterns are documented by individual membership cards for all members of the League. These cards indicate the beginning and end dates for each member's work record at the different plans in the industry dating from the 1920s. One box of seniority lists documents age of the workforce at the various plants as well as the continuous time in service from the 1930s to the 1970s. Finally, weekly statistical reports from the locals charting wages and dues comprise thirteen boxes and six reels of microfilm. To reduce the bulk, these statistical reports have been sampled in the following manner: for the Clarksburg plant of the Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company, a continuous run of the reports has been microfilmed; for the Charleston plant of the Libbey-Owens-Ford company, a monthly sample of the original copies have been preserved; for several of the smaller companies that went out of business in the 1930s or 1940s, the entire run was filmed; and for the remaining locals, either a quarterly or biennial sample was saved.","Series 6. Administrative and Financial Files, 1928-1975, boxes 1-8 and 15 volumes","This series contains principally the files relating to the administration of the League's headquarters. Reports of compliance with government regulations (i.e., equal employment opportunities, LM-2 reports following the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act, and loyalty affidavits in the wage of the Taft-Hartley Act) comprise one box, while audit reports, monthly financial statements, and IRS reports fill three boxes. Also included are contracts and negotiations files with the union representing the League's office employees. Fifteen volumes of ledgers document in detail the finances of the League from 1931 to 1975. Perhaps the most interesting items in the series, however, are the published issues of The Glass Cutter, the monthly publication of the League. An entire run of the publication survives, but it was interrupted several times. Dates of publication span 1928 to 1932, 1938 to 1958, and 1965 to 1970. Finally, there is a box of memorabilia which includes a memorial album of League members serving in the service during World War II. The album carries the service record and a photo of each member.","Series 7. Related Organizations, 1876-1970, boxes 1-10 and 17 volumes","This series contains the extant records of the predecessor and rival unions in the window glass industry, several of which merged into the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Records for Local Assembly 300, Knights of Labor include a two-volume index to the membership rolls (1876-1902), certificates of apprenticeship and initiation, and some scattered issues of by-laws, minutes, convention proceedings, and wage scales, mostly dating from 1895 to 1905. There are a few items for both the United Window Glass Workers of America (1902-04) and the Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08) which were successors to the Local Assembly 300, attempting to represent all the crafts in the industry.","More extensive records exist for the two rival organizations which attempted to unite just the cutters and flatteners. For the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America, there are fairly complete executive board minutes (1904-30), some correspondence, membership records, wage scales and working rules, and two volumes of an apprentices register. A rival organization, the Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1909-36) began as a result of an unsuccessful strike in 1907-08. Its influence was limited pretty much to the Pittsburgh and southwestern Pennsylvania area. Records for the Protective Association include executive board minutes (1910-34), a membership ledger, an apprentice's ledger, wage scales (1916-33), and a scrapbook covering the formation of the Protective Association (1909-12). Of particular note in these records are the files illuminating the antitrust case brought against the companies and the unions in the window glass industry immediately following World War I.","Less complete files exist for the National Window Glass Workers of America (1903-31) and the Federation of Flat Glass Workers of America (1934-70). Both of these unions attempted to organize all workers in the window glass industry. For the National, there are minutes (1916-28), wage scale booklets, some correspondence, president's reports (1918-22), and two volumes of membership rolls (1903-22). For the Federation, which was started by former League president Glen McCabe and which became one of the founding organizations of the CIO, the files relate principally to the early years of the Federation in 1934-37.","Finally, there are seven volumes of scrapbooks and an oversize box of photographs containing historical documents spanning the years 1887 to 1957. They have been placed in this series because rarely do they focus on a single organization. Instead, it appears that window glass workers interested in the history of labor in the industry simply selected interesting items, often in a random fashion, to place in the scrapbooks. Included are letters, membership items, photos, newspaper clippings, and memorabilia documenting selected facets of the history of labor in the window glass industry."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6178a38e1d410790fa68a44c70fd2b82\"\u003eCorrespondence, minute books, financial records, photographs, broadsides, publications, and other materials of the League, and the archives of other defunct craft unions entrusted to the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Organizations other than the League whose records are included are: Local Assembly 300, Knights of Labor (ca.1876-1905); Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08); Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (1907-1929); Window Glass Workers Association of America (1902-1904); Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1911-1925); and the National Window Glass Workers (1914-1924). See the scope and content note for information regarding record series found in this collection. See the control folder in the manuscripts room for a listing of contents.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Correspondence, minute books, financial records, photographs, broadsides, publications, and other materials of the League, and the archives of other defunct craft unions entrusted to the Window Glass Cutters League of America. Organizations other than the League whose records are included are: Local Assembly 300, Knights of Labor (ca.1876-1905); Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America (1904-08); Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America (1907-1929); Window Glass Workers Association of America (1902-1904); Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America (1911-1925); and the National Window Glass Workers (1914-1924). See the scope and content note for information regarding record series found in this collection. See the control folder in the manuscripts room for a listing of contents."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5b297373e812190a3717103b0d88e094\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Window Glass Cutters League of America","Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America.","Knights of Labor. Local Assembly 300","Knights of Labor","National Window Glass Workers of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America","Window Glass Workers Association of America"],"names_coll_ssim":["Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America.","Knights of Labor. Local Assembly 300","Knights of Labor","Knights of Labor. Local Assembly 300","National Window Glass Workers of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America","Window Glass Cutters League of America","Window Glass Workers Association of America"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Window Glass Cutters League of America","Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America.","Knights of Labor. Local Assembly 300","Knights of Labor","National Window Glass Workers of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Association of America","Window Glass Cutters and Flatteners Protective Association of America","Window Glass Workers Association of America"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:09:58.095Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_394"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alexandria Library","value":"Alexandria 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