{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1875\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=98","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1875\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=97","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1875\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=99","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1875\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=107"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":98,"next_page":99,"prev_page":97,"total_pages":107,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":970,"total_count":1065,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2861_c11","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Tax Receipts","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2861_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2861_c11","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2861_c11"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2861_c11","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2861","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2861","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2861","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2861","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2861"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2861"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Henry Iddings Family Collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Henry Iddings Family Collection"],"text":["Henry Iddings Family Collection","Tax Receipts","box 1","folder 10"],"title_filing_ssi":"Tax Receipts","title_ssm":["Tax Receipts"],"title_tesim":["Tax Receipts"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1834-1899"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1834/1899"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Tax Receipts"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Henry Iddings Family Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":11,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#10","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:32:18.500Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2861","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2861","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2861","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2861","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2861.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Iddings, Henry, Family Collection","title_ssm":["Henry Iddings Family Collection"],"title_tesim":["Henry Iddings Family Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1810-1900"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1810-1900"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2013.021"],"text":["Ms.2013.021","Henry Iddings Family Collection","Floyd County (Va.)","Civil War","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged alphabetically by material type.","The Iddings family immigrated to America from Radnorshire, Wales ,and first settled in Chester County, Pennsylvania.  James Iddings is the first Iddings found in a record for the area now known as Floyd County. Henry Iddings was likely James Iddings nephew. ","Henry Iddings was born in Pennsylvania in 1762. In 1789, he married Abigail Richardson. They had eleven children between 1790 and 1817. Iddings died in Virginia in 1854. More information about Iddings and his descendants is available in the collection. ","The guide to the Henry Iddings Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Henry Iddings Collection was completed in March 2013.","This collection consists of personal papers from the Henry Iddings family of Floyd County, Virginia. Papers include tax tickets and receipts, land grants, deed, estate settlement papers, correspondence, promissory notes, and other ephemera. Materials date from approximately 1810-1900. Prior to 1830, the current Floyd County was part of Montgomery County. Some early documents may refer to Montgomery County. \nAlso included is a family produced genealogy of the descendants of Henry Iddings and his wife, Abigail Richardson.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes 19th century personal papers (correspondence, legal document, land-related materials, and tax receipts) from the Henry Iddings Family of Floyd County, Virginia.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Henry Iddings Family","Iddings, Henry, 1762-1854","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2013.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henry Iddings Family Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henry Iddings Family Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Henry Iddings Family Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Floyd County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Floyd County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Henry Iddings Family","Iddings, Henry, 1762-1854"],"creator_ssim":["Henry Iddings Family","Iddings, Henry, 1762-1854"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Iddings, Henry, 1762-1854"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Henry Iddings Family"],"creators_ssim":["Iddings, Henry, 1762-1854","Henry Iddings Family"],"places_ssim":["Floyd County (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Henry Iddings Family Collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in February 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box, 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box, 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged alphabetically by material type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged alphabetically by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Iddings family immigrated to America from Radnorshire, Wales ,and first settled in Chester County, Pennsylvania.  James Iddings is the first Iddings found in a record for the area now known as Floyd County. Henry Iddings was likely James Iddings nephew. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHenry Iddings was born in Pennsylvania in 1762. In 1789, he married Abigail Richardson. They had eleven children between 1790 and 1817. Iddings died in Virginia in 1854. More information about Iddings and his descendants is available in the collection. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Iddings family immigrated to America from Radnorshire, Wales ,and first settled in Chester County, Pennsylvania.  James Iddings is the first Iddings found in a record for the area now known as Floyd County. Henry Iddings was likely James Iddings nephew. ","Henry Iddings was born in Pennsylvania in 1762. In 1789, he married Abigail Richardson. They had eleven children between 1790 and 1817. Iddings died in Virginia in 1854. More information about Iddings and his descendants is available in the collection. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Henry Iddings Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Henry Iddings Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Henry Iddings Family Collection, Ms2013-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Henry Iddings Family Collection, Ms2013-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Henry Iddings Collection was completed in March 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Henry Iddings Collection was completed in March 2013."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of personal papers from the Henry Iddings family of Floyd County, Virginia. Papers include tax tickets and receipts, land grants, deed, estate settlement papers, correspondence, promissory notes, and other ephemera. Materials date from approximately 1810-1900. Prior to 1830, the current Floyd County was part of Montgomery County. Some early documents may refer to Montgomery County. \nAlso included is a family produced genealogy of the descendants of Henry Iddings and his wife, Abigail Richardson.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of personal papers from the Henry Iddings family of Floyd County, Virginia. Papers include tax tickets and receipts, land grants, deed, estate settlement papers, correspondence, promissory notes, and other ephemera. Materials date from approximately 1810-1900. Prior to 1830, the current Floyd County was part of Montgomery County. Some early documents may refer to Montgomery County. \nAlso included is a family produced genealogy of the descendants of Henry Iddings and his wife, Abigail Richardson."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6a31015bb50d907b62fefd5b2a22ea71\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes 19th century personal papers (correspondence, legal document, land-related materials, and tax receipts) from the Henry Iddings Family of Floyd County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes 19th century personal papers (correspondence, legal document, land-related materials, and tax receipts) from the Henry Iddings Family of Floyd County, Virginia."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Henry Iddings Family","Iddings, Henry, 1762-1854"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Henry Iddings Family","Iddings, Henry, 1762-1854"],"famname_ssim":["Henry Iddings Family"],"persname_ssim":["Iddings, Henry, 1762-1854"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":11,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:32:18.500Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2861_c11"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1493_c07","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Tax records of R. W. Hicks","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1493_c07#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1493_c07","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1493_c07"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1493_c07","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1493","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1493","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1493","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1493","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1493"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1493"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Hicks Family Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Hicks Family Papers"],"text":["Hicks Family Papers","Tax records of R. W. Hicks","box 1","folder 12"],"title_filing_ssi":"Tax records of R. W. Hicks","title_ssm":["Tax records of R. W. Hicks"],"title_tesim":["Tax records of R. W. Hicks"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1873-1917"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1873/1917"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Tax records of R. W. Hicks"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Hicks Family Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":14,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 12"],"_nest_path_":"/components#6","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:32:21.630Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1493","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1493","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1493","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1493","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1493.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hicks Family Papers","title_ssm":["Hicks Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Hicks Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1856-1938"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1856-1938"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1987.050"],"text":["Ms.1987.050","Hicks Family Papers","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Students and alumni","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by type, then chronologically.","Robert William Hicks was born on January 10, 1827. He enlisted in the Confederate Army on March 20, 1862 and served as a Sergeant in Company I, 34th Virginia Infantry. He died November 27, 1917 and was buried in Bedford County. Little biographical information could be found on Hicks. Within the collection's materials, evidence suggests he and his wife, Fanny A. Hicks, had at least four children: Edward J., John R., James M. and Lula. It appears that Fanny Hicks survived her husband, but was in poor health for a long time. ","Various bonds and receipts within the collection indicate that Hicks was engaged in the tobacco business. He cultivated tobacco on large tracts of his land and sold it on a fairly large scale to individuals and cooperatives. He also owned livestock. Hicks served as a Justice of the Peace with the Campbell County Court, where he appraised property, inspected cattle and bore witness on cases, among other things. He also operated a business in Bedford County during the latter part of his life. ","James Morris Hicks, son of R. W. Hicks, studied mechanical engineering at Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (VPI; now Virginia Tech), graduating in 1901. While at VPI, he held various positions of leadership, serving as class secretary, treasurer, vice-president and president; and belonged to the Maury Literary Society and the Engineering Club. After graduating, Hicks worked as a colliery superintendent at the Hudson Coal Company in Scranton, Pennsylvania, and also managed his father's tobacco farm. ","Of R. W. Hicks' other children, only the briefest of information could be found: Lula Hicks married J. Edward Wilkinson of Evington, Virginia. John R. Hicks lived in various places, including Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Saint Louis, Missouri; and Clinton, Louisiana. John seems to have been a religious man, working for a school. The papers suggest that Edward J. Hicks lived in Evington and helped his father with his tobacco business. ","Stephen Hicks lived in Bedford County, where he owned a large estate. The relationship of Stephen and J. H. Hicks to R. W. Hicks and his family is unclear. ","The guide to the Hicks Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Hicks Family Papers commenced and was completed in November 2004.","This collection contains the papers of Campbell County, Virginia tobacco farmer and businessman Robert W. Hicks and his family. The collection has been divided among the following broad categories: Personal correspondence, Farm and household transactions, Tax records, Memorandum books, Legal records, Other family members, Printed material and Envelopes. ","Personal family correspondence contains letters between John W. Sledd, R. W. Hicks' nephew, J. R. Hicks, J. M. Hicks, Edward Hicks, M. Irvine, S. J. Adams, L. J. Quinn, Fanie Hicks, Lula Wilkinson, R. W. Hicks, and Bessie Rawlings (Lula's tutor) among others. ","Transactions of the Hicks farm and household are recorded in a set of folders containing various documents. Monetary transactions are also tracked through a large number of receipts for personal and household goods, such as groceries and hardware. Nearly all of the receipts are in the name of R. W. Hicks, though in later years, some bear the names of his children. The bills and receipts are complemented by a set of yearly accounts, summarizing the family's monetary transactions with individual businesses, as well as a group of shopping lists for personal goods. Also included are documents and receipts relating to bonds made primarily for business purposes. ","Also relating to the Hicks family home and farm are tax records containing receipts for property taxes paid by the family in Campbell and Bedford counties. ","The legal records folder contains materials relating to Hicks' service as Campbell County justice of the peace. The papers include summons issued by Hicks as well as summons for him to appear as a witness in other cases. There are also papers relating to his inspection of cattle for local farmers. ","The collection also contains a small number of materials relating to other family members, including official letters and payment receipts in the name of John Morris Hicks who worked with the Hudson Coal Company. Lula and Edward Wilkinson's payment receipts and related correspondence are part of this folder. Tax records on the property of Stephen Hicks of Bedford County are available, and there is evidence of the subsequent sale of that land for non-payment of taxes. ","The printed material folder contains various publications, most relating to Hicks family interests and affiliations. Included is the 10th Annual Report of the Woman's Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South (1888) as well as printed advertisements for various medicines, beauty products, gardening material and insurance. ","A set of empty envelopes completes the collection. The envelopes bear the names and addresses of various family members as well as miscellaneous notations. ","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes bills and receipts relating to monetary transactions made by the R. W. Hicks family of Campbell County, Virginia. It also contains records of the family's business transactions, affiliations, and interests, as well as legal, business and personal correspondence.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Robert W. Hicks family (Campbell County, Va.)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1987.050"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hicks Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hicks Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Hicks Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Robert W. Hicks family (Campbell County, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Robert W. Hicks family (Campbell County, Va.)"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Robert W. Hicks family (Campbell County, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Robert W. Hicks family (Campbell County, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Hicks Family Papers were donated to the Special Collections in 1987."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Students and alumni","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Students and alumni","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by type, then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by type, then chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert William Hicks was born on January 10, 1827. He enlisted in the Confederate Army on March 20, 1862 and served as a Sergeant in Company I, 34th Virginia Infantry. He died November 27, 1917 and was buried in Bedford County. Little biographical information could be found on Hicks. Within the collection's materials, evidence suggests he and his wife, Fanny A. Hicks, had at least four children: Edward J., John R., James M. and Lula. It appears that Fanny Hicks survived her husband, but was in poor health for a long time. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVarious bonds and receipts within the collection indicate that Hicks was engaged in the tobacco business. He cultivated tobacco on large tracts of his land and sold it on a fairly large scale to individuals and cooperatives. He also owned livestock. Hicks served as a Justice of the Peace with the Campbell County Court, where he appraised property, inspected cattle and bore witness on cases, among other things. He also operated a business in Bedford County during the latter part of his life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJames Morris Hicks, son of R. W. Hicks, studied mechanical engineering at Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (VPI; now Virginia Tech), graduating in 1901. While at VPI, he held various positions of leadership, serving as class secretary, treasurer, vice-president and president; and belonged to the Maury Literary Society and the Engineering Club. After graduating, Hicks worked as a colliery superintendent at the Hudson Coal Company in Scranton, Pennsylvania, and also managed his father's tobacco farm. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf R. W. Hicks' other children, only the briefest of information could be found: Lula Hicks married J. Edward Wilkinson of Evington, Virginia. John R. Hicks lived in various places, including Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Saint Louis, Missouri; and Clinton, Louisiana. John seems to have been a religious man, working for a school. The papers suggest that Edward J. Hicks lived in Evington and helped his father with his tobacco business. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStephen Hicks lived in Bedford County, where he owned a large estate. The relationship of Stephen and J. H. Hicks to R. W. Hicks and his family is unclear. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert William Hicks was born on January 10, 1827. He enlisted in the Confederate Army on March 20, 1862 and served as a Sergeant in Company I, 34th Virginia Infantry. He died November 27, 1917 and was buried in Bedford County. Little biographical information could be found on Hicks. Within the collection's materials, evidence suggests he and his wife, Fanny A. Hicks, had at least four children: Edward J., John R., James M. and Lula. It appears that Fanny Hicks survived her husband, but was in poor health for a long time. ","Various bonds and receipts within the collection indicate that Hicks was engaged in the tobacco business. He cultivated tobacco on large tracts of his land and sold it on a fairly large scale to individuals and cooperatives. He also owned livestock. Hicks served as a Justice of the Peace with the Campbell County Court, where he appraised property, inspected cattle and bore witness on cases, among other things. He also operated a business in Bedford County during the latter part of his life. ","James Morris Hicks, son of R. W. Hicks, studied mechanical engineering at Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (VPI; now Virginia Tech), graduating in 1901. While at VPI, he held various positions of leadership, serving as class secretary, treasurer, vice-president and president; and belonged to the Maury Literary Society and the Engineering Club. After graduating, Hicks worked as a colliery superintendent at the Hudson Coal Company in Scranton, Pennsylvania, and also managed his father's tobacco farm. ","Of R. W. Hicks' other children, only the briefest of information could be found: Lula Hicks married J. Edward Wilkinson of Evington, Virginia. John R. Hicks lived in various places, including Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Saint Louis, Missouri; and Clinton, Louisiana. John seems to have been a religious man, working for a school. The papers suggest that Edward J. Hicks lived in Evington and helped his father with his tobacco business. ","Stephen Hicks lived in Bedford County, where he owned a large estate. The relationship of Stephen and J. H. Hicks to R. W. Hicks and his family is unclear. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Hicks Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Hicks Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Hicks Family Papers, Ms1987-050, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Hicks Family Papers, Ms1987-050, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Hicks Family Papers commenced and was completed in November 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Hicks Family Papers commenced and was completed in November 2004."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Campbell County, Virginia tobacco farmer and businessman Robert W. Hicks and his family. The collection has been divided among the following broad categories: Personal correspondence, Farm and household transactions, Tax records, Memorandum books, Legal records, Other family members, Printed material and Envelopes. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePersonal family correspondence contains letters between John W. Sledd, R. W. Hicks' nephew, J. R. Hicks, J. M. Hicks, Edward Hicks, M. Irvine, S. J. Adams, L. J. Quinn, Fanie Hicks, Lula Wilkinson, R. W. Hicks, and Bessie Rawlings (Lula's tutor) among others. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTransactions of the Hicks farm and household are recorded in a set of folders containing various documents. Monetary transactions are also tracked through a large number of receipts for personal and household goods, such as groceries and hardware. Nearly all of the receipts are in the name of R. W. Hicks, though in later years, some bear the names of his children. The bills and receipts are complemented by a set of yearly accounts, summarizing the family's monetary transactions with individual businesses, as well as a group of shopping lists for personal goods. Also included are documents and receipts relating to bonds made primarily for business purposes. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso relating to the Hicks family home and farm are tax records containing receipts for property taxes paid by the family in Campbell and Bedford counties. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe legal records folder contains materials relating to Hicks' service as Campbell County justice of the peace. The papers include summons issued by Hicks as well as summons for him to appear as a witness in other cases. There are also papers relating to his inspection of cattle for local farmers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a small number of materials relating to other family members, including official letters and payment receipts in the name of John Morris Hicks who worked with the Hudson Coal Company. Lula and Edward Wilkinson's payment receipts and related correspondence are part of this folder. Tax records on the property of Stephen Hicks of Bedford County are available, and there is evidence of the subsequent sale of that land for non-payment of taxes. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe printed material folder contains various publications, most relating to Hicks family interests and affiliations. Included is the 10th Annual Report of the Woman's Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South (1888) as well as printed advertisements for various medicines, beauty products, gardening material and insurance. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA set of empty envelopes completes the collection. The envelopes bear the names and addresses of various family members as well as miscellaneous notations. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Campbell County, Virginia tobacco farmer and businessman Robert W. Hicks and his family. The collection has been divided among the following broad categories: Personal correspondence, Farm and household transactions, Tax records, Memorandum books, Legal records, Other family members, Printed material and Envelopes. ","Personal family correspondence contains letters between John W. Sledd, R. W. Hicks' nephew, J. R. Hicks, J. M. Hicks, Edward Hicks, M. Irvine, S. J. Adams, L. J. Quinn, Fanie Hicks, Lula Wilkinson, R. W. Hicks, and Bessie Rawlings (Lula's tutor) among others. ","Transactions of the Hicks farm and household are recorded in a set of folders containing various documents. Monetary transactions are also tracked through a large number of receipts for personal and household goods, such as groceries and hardware. Nearly all of the receipts are in the name of R. W. Hicks, though in later years, some bear the names of his children. The bills and receipts are complemented by a set of yearly accounts, summarizing the family's monetary transactions with individual businesses, as well as a group of shopping lists for personal goods. Also included are documents and receipts relating to bonds made primarily for business purposes. ","Also relating to the Hicks family home and farm are tax records containing receipts for property taxes paid by the family in Campbell and Bedford counties. ","The legal records folder contains materials relating to Hicks' service as Campbell County justice of the peace. The papers include summons issued by Hicks as well as summons for him to appear as a witness in other cases. There are also papers relating to his inspection of cattle for local farmers. ","The collection also contains a small number of materials relating to other family members, including official letters and payment receipts in the name of John Morris Hicks who worked with the Hudson Coal Company. Lula and Edward Wilkinson's payment receipts and related correspondence are part of this folder. Tax records on the property of Stephen Hicks of Bedford County are available, and there is evidence of the subsequent sale of that land for non-payment of taxes. ","The printed material folder contains various publications, most relating to Hicks family interests and affiliations. Included is the 10th Annual Report of the Woman's Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South (1888) as well as printed advertisements for various medicines, beauty products, gardening material and insurance. ","A set of empty envelopes completes the collection. The envelopes bear the names and addresses of various family members as well as miscellaneous notations. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fa537c6f1fa10a2a61b902c46814605d\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes bills and receipts relating to monetary transactions made by the R. W. Hicks family of Campbell County, Virginia. It also contains records of the family's business transactions, affiliations, and interests, as well as legal, business and personal correspondence.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes bills and receipts relating to monetary transactions made by the R. W. Hicks family of Campbell County, Virginia. It also contains records of the family's business transactions, affiliations, and interests, as well as legal, business and personal correspondence."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Robert W. Hicks family (Campbell County, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Robert W. Hicks family (Campbell County, Va.)"],"famname_ssim":["Robert W. Hicks family (Campbell County, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:32:21.630Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1493_c07"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c03_c91","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Tazewell County","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c03_c91#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c03_c91","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c03_c91"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c03_c91","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c03","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c03","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series III: Virginia County Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series III: Virginia County Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series III: Virginia County Records","Tazewell County","box 39","folder 49"],"title_filing_ssi":"Tazewell County","title_ssm":["Tazewell County"],"title_tesim":["Tazewell County"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1864, 1925"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864/1925"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Tazewell County"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":334,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925],"containers_ssim":["box 39","folder 49"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#90","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:35:47.968Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:35:47.968Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c03_c91"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1470_c14","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"The Honorable Murder of Charlie Edie","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1470_c14#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1470_c14","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1470_c14"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1470_c14","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1470","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1470","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1470","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1470","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1470"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1470"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["John Nicolay Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["John Nicolay Papers"],"text":["John Nicolay Papers","The Honorable Murder of Charlie Edie","box 1","folder 22"],"title_filing_ssi":"The Honorable Murder of Charlie Edie","title_ssm":["The Honorable Murder of Charlie Edie"],"title_tesim":["The Honorable Murder of Charlie Edie"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1857-1983"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1857/1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The Honorable Murder of Charlie Edie"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["John Nicolay Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":23,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 22"],"_nest_path_":"/components#13","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:41:59.155Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1470","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1470","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1470","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1470","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1470.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Nicolay, John, Papers","title_ssm":["John Nicolay Papers"],"title_tesim":["John Nicolay Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1782-1983"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1782-1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1987.027"],"text":["Ms.1987.027","John Nicolay Papers","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged according to subject matter.","John Nicolay was a former Blacksburg, Virginia, resident and historian. The collection consists of papers Nicolay has used for his research on the history of Montgomery County, Virginia. The topics he researched included in the collection are poverty in Montgomery County, African American community, local churches, and the Edie Family of Christiansburg, Virginia.","The guide to the John Nicolay Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the John Nicolay Papers was completed in 2001.","The John Nicolay Papers include oral history tapes, slides, original documents and historical photographs of the area by Earl Palmer. In addition, there is material from Moutainside Magazine, edited by Nicolay from 1983 to 1984, such as writings by Beverly Brinlee, Jess Carr, Fred Waage, and William White.","Several books were donated in 2016 as part of this collection, but were cataloged spearately for the Rare Book Collection:","Nicolay, John A. Wake Forest Research Project, 2016.","Nicolay, John A. An Electic History of Montgomery County, Virgina, 2018. (revised)","Kessler, Clyde. Shooting Creek, 1982.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The John Nicolay Papers include oral history tapes, slides, original documents and historical photographs of the area by Earl Palmer. In addition, there is material from Moutainside Magazine, edited by Nicolay from 1983 to 1984, such as writings by Beverly Brinlee, Jess Carr, Fred Waage, and William White.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Christiansburg Industrial Institute","Nicolay, John","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1987.027"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Nicolay Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["John Nicolay Papers"],"collection_ssim":["John Nicolay Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Nicolay, John"],"creator_ssim":["Nicolay, John"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Nicolay, John"],"creators_ssim":["Nicolay, John"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections in 1988."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.4 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.4 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged according to subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged according to subject matter."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Nicolay was a former Blacksburg, Virginia, resident and historian. The collection consists of papers Nicolay has used for his research on the history of Montgomery County, Virginia. The topics he researched included in the collection are poverty in Montgomery County, African American community, local churches, and the Edie Family of Christiansburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Nicolay was a former Blacksburg, Virginia, resident and historian. The collection consists of papers Nicolay has used for his research on the history of Montgomery County, Virginia. The topics he researched included in the collection are poverty in Montgomery County, African American community, local churches, and the Edie Family of Christiansburg, Virginia."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the John Nicolay Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the John Nicolay Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], John Nicolay Papers, 1782-1983, Ms1987-027, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], John Nicolay Papers, 1782-1983, Ms1987-027, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the John Nicolay Papers was completed in 2001.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the John Nicolay Papers was completed in 2001."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe John Nicolay Papers include oral history tapes, slides, original documents and historical photographs of the area by Earl Palmer. In addition, there is material from Moutainside Magazine, edited by Nicolay from 1983 to 1984, such as writings by Beverly Brinlee, Jess Carr, Fred Waage, and William White.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The John Nicolay Papers include oral history tapes, slides, original documents and historical photographs of the area by Earl Palmer. In addition, there is material from Moutainside Magazine, edited by Nicolay from 1983 to 1984, such as writings by Beverly Brinlee, Jess Carr, Fred Waage, and William White."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeveral books were donated in 2016 as part of this collection, but were cataloged spearately for the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNicolay, John A. Wake Forest Research Project, 2016.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNicolay, John A. An Electic History of Montgomery County, Virgina, 2018. (revised)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKessler, Clyde. Shooting Creek, 1982.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Several books were donated in 2016 as part of this collection, but were cataloged spearately for the Rare Book Collection:","Nicolay, John A. Wake Forest Research Project, 2016.","Nicolay, John A. An Electic History of Montgomery County, Virgina, 2018. (revised)","Kessler, Clyde. Shooting Creek, 1982."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_b2c847af2b00b8ad8c1388114c9437a5\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe John Nicolay Papers include oral history tapes, slides, original documents and historical photographs of the area by Earl Palmer. In addition, there is material from Moutainside Magazine, edited by Nicolay from 1983 to 1984, such as writings by Beverly Brinlee, Jess Carr, Fred Waage, and William White.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The John Nicolay Papers include oral history tapes, slides, original documents and historical photographs of the area by Earl Palmer. In addition, there is material from Moutainside Magazine, edited by Nicolay from 1983 to 1984, such as writings by Beverly Brinlee, Jess Carr, Fred Waage, and William White."],"names_coll_ssim":["Christiansburg Industrial Institute"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Christiansburg Industrial Institute","Nicolay, John"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Christiansburg Industrial Institute"],"persname_ssim":["Nicolay, John"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":53,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:41:59.155Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1470_c14"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1996","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1996#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Hager, Anne Judkins","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1996#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe materials in the The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection consists of book manuscripts and unpublished essays, newspaper clippings, land deeds, correspondence, receipts, notes, and copies of wills. Also included are books belonging to the Preston family which include a family Bible, a children's poetry book, and many others. Of particular interest is an 1832 receipt to General Francis Preston (1765-1835) for a subscription to the Saturday Evening Post, writings by Elizabeth Preston Gray about the history of her family, the 1981 nomination of the Aspenvale Cemetary in Smyth County to the National Register of Historic Places, copies of Mary Preston Gray's book manuscript, \u003cem\u003eThe Family Tree\u003c/em\u003e (about the various family lines), and correspondence from Hatch Dent Poston regarding the sale and purchase of enslaved individuals.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1996#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1996","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1996","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1996","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1996","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1996.xml","title_filing_ssi":"The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection","title_ssm":["The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection"],"title_tesim":["The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1802-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1802-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1995.008"],"text":["Ms.1995.008","The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History","Collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged in chronological order.","The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection consists of genealogical information primarily about the Preston family (the Abingdon, Virginia branch in particular) but also about many families that intermarried with the Preston line. The documents were collected primarily by Hager, her mother Anne Gray Judkins, her aunt Mary Preston Gray (1896-1992), and Gray's mother Elizabeth Cummings Preston Gray (1868-1956). The collection also includes historical information about Southwest Virginia, particulary those places associated with the Preston family including Abingdon and Seven Mile Ford near Marion, Virginia.","This collection includes a wide range of documents. This includes a handwritten book about the history of Southwest Virginia by Elizabeth Preston Gray (1868-1956). It also contains a letter from Tarleton Alexander (1810-?), who was a domestic servant for John Lewis Cochran Sr. (1793-1881). The letter is addressed to \"Mistress,\" likely Cochran's wife Margaret Lynn Lewis Cochran (1808-1875). The collection also includes a photograph of Alexander. Also included in this collection are letters and agreements from Hatch D Poston (1794-1862), who was a slave owner in Smyth County, Virginia.","External Sources:","United States Census 1860, 1870","\"Elizabeth Preston Gray\" entry, The Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/search/collections/9278/records/1166790,  accessed on February 20, 2025.","\"John Lewis Cochran Sr.\" entry, findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/143012780/john-lewis-cochran,  accessed on February 6, 2025.","\"Margaret Lynn Lewis Cochran\" entry, findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/213337598/margaret_lynn_cochran,  accessed on February 6, 2025.","\"Elizabeth Cummings Preston Gray\" entry, findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9508143/elizabeth-cummings-gray,  accessed on February 6, 2025.","\"Mary Preston Gray\" entry, findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9508180/mary_preston_gray,  accessed on February 6, 2025.","The guide to the Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The materials in the The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection consists of book manuscripts and unpublished essays, newspaper clippings, land deeds, correspondence, receipts, notes, and copies of wills. Also included are books belonging to the Preston family which include a family Bible, a children's poetry book, and many others. Of particular interest is an 1832 receipt to General Francis Preston (1765-1835) for a subscription to the Saturday Evening Post, writings by Elizabeth Preston Gray about the history of her family, the 1981 nomination of the Aspenvale Cemetary in Smyth County to the National Register of Historic Places, copies of Mary Preston Gray's book manuscript,  The Family Tree  (about the various family lines), and correspondence from Hatch Dent Poston regarding the sale and purchase of enslaved individuals.","Some folders also contain written context provided by the collector, Anne Judkins Hager.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Preston family (Abingdon, Va.)","Hager, Anne Judkins","Gray, Elizabeth Preston, 1868-1956","The materials in the collection are in English ."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1995.008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection"],"collection_ssim":["The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Hager, Anne Judkins","Gray, Elizabeth Preston, 1868-1956"],"creator_ssim":["Hager, Anne Judkins","Gray, Elizabeth Preston, 1868-1956"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hager, Anne Judkins","Gray, Elizabeth Preston, 1868-1956"],"creators_ssim":["Hager, Anne Judkins","Gray, Elizabeth Preston, 1868-1956"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.8 Cubic Feet 8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.8 Cubic Feet 8 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection consists of genealogical information primarily about the Preston family (the Abingdon, Virginia branch in particular) but also about many families that intermarried with the Preston line. The documents were collected primarily by Hager, her mother Anne Gray Judkins, her aunt Mary Preston Gray (1896-1992), and Gray's mother Elizabeth Cummings Preston Gray (1868-1956). The collection also includes historical information about Southwest Virginia, particulary those places associated with the Preston family including Abingdon and Seven Mile Ford near Marion, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes a wide range of documents. This includes a handwritten book about the history of Southwest Virginia by Elizabeth Preston Gray (1868-1956). It also contains a letter from Tarleton Alexander (1810-?), who was a domestic servant for John Lewis Cochran Sr. (1793-1881). The letter is addressed to \"Mistress,\" likely Cochran's wife Margaret Lynn Lewis Cochran (1808-1875). The collection also includes a photograph of Alexander. Also included in this collection are letters and agreements from Hatch D Poston (1794-1862), who was a slave owner in Smyth County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal Sources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnited States Census 1860, 1870\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Elizabeth Preston Gray\" entry, The Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/search/collections/9278/records/1166790\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/search/collections/9278/records/1166790,\u003c/a\u003e accessed on February 20, 2025.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"John Lewis Cochran Sr.\" entry, findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/143012780/john-lewis-cochran\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/143012780/john-lewis-cochran,\u003c/a\u003e accessed on February 6, 2025.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Margaret Lynn Lewis Cochran\" entry, findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/213337598/margaret_lynn_cochran\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/213337598/margaret_lynn_cochran,\u003c/a\u003e accessed on February 6, 2025.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Elizabeth Cummings Preston Gray\" entry, findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9508143/elizabeth-cummings-gray\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9508143/elizabeth-cummings-gray,\u003c/a\u003e accessed on February 6, 2025.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Mary Preston Gray\" entry, findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9508180/mary_preston_gray\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9508180/mary_preston_gray,\u003c/a\u003e accessed on February 6, 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection consists of genealogical information primarily about the Preston family (the Abingdon, Virginia branch in particular) but also about many families that intermarried with the Preston line. The documents were collected primarily by Hager, her mother Anne Gray Judkins, her aunt Mary Preston Gray (1896-1992), and Gray's mother Elizabeth Cummings Preston Gray (1868-1956). The collection also includes historical information about Southwest Virginia, particulary those places associated with the Preston family including Abingdon and Seven Mile Ford near Marion, Virginia.","This collection includes a wide range of documents. This includes a handwritten book about the history of Southwest Virginia by Elizabeth Preston Gray (1868-1956). It also contains a letter from Tarleton Alexander (1810-?), who was a domestic servant for John Lewis Cochran Sr. (1793-1881). The letter is addressed to \"Mistress,\" likely Cochran's wife Margaret Lynn Lewis Cochran (1808-1875). The collection also includes a photograph of Alexander. Also included in this collection are letters and agreements from Hatch D Poston (1794-1862), who was a slave owner in Smyth County, Virginia.","External Sources:","United States Census 1860, 1870","\"Elizabeth Preston Gray\" entry, The Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/search/collections/9278/records/1166790,  accessed on February 20, 2025.","\"John Lewis Cochran Sr.\" entry, findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/143012780/john-lewis-cochran,  accessed on February 6, 2025.","\"Margaret Lynn Lewis Cochran\" entry, findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/213337598/margaret_lynn_cochran,  accessed on February 6, 2025.","\"Elizabeth Cummings Preston Gray\" entry, findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9508143/elizabeth-cummings-gray,  accessed on February 6, 2025.","\"Mary Preston Gray\" entry, findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9508180/mary_preston_gray,  accessed on February 6, 2025."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection, Ms1995-008, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection, Ms1995-008, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in the The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection consists of book manuscripts and unpublished essays, newspaper clippings, land deeds, correspondence, receipts, notes, and copies of wills. Also included are books belonging to the Preston family which include a family Bible, a children's poetry book, and many others. Of particular interest is an 1832 receipt to General Francis Preston (1765-1835) for a subscription to the Saturday Evening Post, writings by Elizabeth Preston Gray about the history of her family, the 1981 nomination of the Aspenvale Cemetary in Smyth County to the National Register of Historic Places, copies of Mary Preston Gray's book manuscript, \u003cem\u003eThe Family Tree\u003c/em\u003e (about the various family lines), and correspondence from Hatch Dent Poston regarding the sale and purchase of enslaved individuals.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome folders also contain written context provided by the collector, Anne Judkins Hager.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials in the The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection consists of book manuscripts and unpublished essays, newspaper clippings, land deeds, correspondence, receipts, notes, and copies of wills. Also included are books belonging to the Preston family which include a family Bible, a children's poetry book, and many others. Of particular interest is an 1832 receipt to General Francis Preston (1765-1835) for a subscription to the Saturday Evening Post, writings by Elizabeth Preston Gray about the history of her family, the 1981 nomination of the Aspenvale Cemetary in Smyth County to the National Register of Historic Places, copies of Mary Preston Gray's book manuscript,  The Family Tree  (about the various family lines), and correspondence from Hatch Dent Poston regarding the sale and purchase of enslaved individuals.","Some folders also contain written context provided by the collector, Anne Judkins Hager."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Preston family (Abingdon, Va.)","Hager, Anne Judkins","Gray, Elizabeth Preston, 1868-1956"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Preston family (Abingdon, Va.)"],"famname_ssim":["Preston family (Abingdon, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Hager, Anne Judkins","Gray, Elizabeth Preston, 1868-1956"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English ."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:34:05.252Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1996","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1996","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1996","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1996","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1996.xml","title_filing_ssi":"The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection","title_ssm":["The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection"],"title_tesim":["The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1802-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1802-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1995.008"],"text":["Ms.1995.008","The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History","Collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged in chronological order.","The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection consists of genealogical information primarily about the Preston family (the Abingdon, Virginia branch in particular) but also about many families that intermarried with the Preston line. The documents were collected primarily by Hager, her mother Anne Gray Judkins, her aunt Mary Preston Gray (1896-1992), and Gray's mother Elizabeth Cummings Preston Gray (1868-1956). The collection also includes historical information about Southwest Virginia, particulary those places associated with the Preston family including Abingdon and Seven Mile Ford near Marion, Virginia.","This collection includes a wide range of documents. This includes a handwritten book about the history of Southwest Virginia by Elizabeth Preston Gray (1868-1956). It also contains a letter from Tarleton Alexander (1810-?), who was a domestic servant for John Lewis Cochran Sr. (1793-1881). The letter is addressed to \"Mistress,\" likely Cochran's wife Margaret Lynn Lewis Cochran (1808-1875). The collection also includes a photograph of Alexander. Also included in this collection are letters and agreements from Hatch D Poston (1794-1862), who was a slave owner in Smyth County, Virginia.","External Sources:","United States Census 1860, 1870","\"Elizabeth Preston Gray\" entry, The Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/search/collections/9278/records/1166790,  accessed on February 20, 2025.","\"John Lewis Cochran Sr.\" entry, findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/143012780/john-lewis-cochran,  accessed on February 6, 2025.","\"Margaret Lynn Lewis Cochran\" entry, findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/213337598/margaret_lynn_cochran,  accessed on February 6, 2025.","\"Elizabeth Cummings Preston Gray\" entry, findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9508143/elizabeth-cummings-gray,  accessed on February 6, 2025.","\"Mary Preston Gray\" entry, findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9508180/mary_preston_gray,  accessed on February 6, 2025.","The guide to the Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The materials in the The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection consists of book manuscripts and unpublished essays, newspaper clippings, land deeds, correspondence, receipts, notes, and copies of wills. Also included are books belonging to the Preston family which include a family Bible, a children's poetry book, and many others. Of particular interest is an 1832 receipt to General Francis Preston (1765-1835) for a subscription to the Saturday Evening Post, writings by Elizabeth Preston Gray about the history of her family, the 1981 nomination of the Aspenvale Cemetary in Smyth County to the National Register of Historic Places, copies of Mary Preston Gray's book manuscript,  The Family Tree  (about the various family lines), and correspondence from Hatch Dent Poston regarding the sale and purchase of enslaved individuals.","Some folders also contain written context provided by the collector, Anne Judkins Hager.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Preston family (Abingdon, Va.)","Hager, Anne Judkins","Gray, Elizabeth Preston, 1868-1956","The materials in the collection are in English ."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1995.008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection"],"collection_ssim":["The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Hager, Anne Judkins","Gray, Elizabeth Preston, 1868-1956"],"creator_ssim":["Hager, Anne Judkins","Gray, Elizabeth Preston, 1868-1956"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hager, Anne Judkins","Gray, Elizabeth Preston, 1868-1956"],"creators_ssim":["Hager, Anne Judkins","Gray, Elizabeth Preston, 1868-1956"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.8 Cubic Feet 8 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.8 Cubic Feet 8 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection consists of genealogical information primarily about the Preston family (the Abingdon, Virginia branch in particular) but also about many families that intermarried with the Preston line. The documents were collected primarily by Hager, her mother Anne Gray Judkins, her aunt Mary Preston Gray (1896-1992), and Gray's mother Elizabeth Cummings Preston Gray (1868-1956). The collection also includes historical information about Southwest Virginia, particulary those places associated with the Preston family including Abingdon and Seven Mile Ford near Marion, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes a wide range of documents. This includes a handwritten book about the history of Southwest Virginia by Elizabeth Preston Gray (1868-1956). It also contains a letter from Tarleton Alexander (1810-?), who was a domestic servant for John Lewis Cochran Sr. (1793-1881). The letter is addressed to \"Mistress,\" likely Cochran's wife Margaret Lynn Lewis Cochran (1808-1875). The collection also includes a photograph of Alexander. Also included in this collection are letters and agreements from Hatch D Poston (1794-1862), who was a slave owner in Smyth County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal Sources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnited States Census 1860, 1870\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Elizabeth Preston Gray\" entry, The Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/search/collections/9278/records/1166790\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/search/collections/9278/records/1166790,\u003c/a\u003e accessed on February 20, 2025.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"John Lewis Cochran Sr.\" entry, findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/143012780/john-lewis-cochran\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/143012780/john-lewis-cochran,\u003c/a\u003e accessed on February 6, 2025.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Margaret Lynn Lewis Cochran\" entry, findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/213337598/margaret_lynn_cochran\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/213337598/margaret_lynn_cochran,\u003c/a\u003e accessed on February 6, 2025.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Elizabeth Cummings Preston Gray\" entry, findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9508143/elizabeth-cummings-gray\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9508143/elizabeth-cummings-gray,\u003c/a\u003e accessed on February 6, 2025.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Mary Preston Gray\" entry, findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9508180/mary_preston_gray\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9508180/mary_preston_gray,\u003c/a\u003e accessed on February 6, 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection consists of genealogical information primarily about the Preston family (the Abingdon, Virginia branch in particular) but also about many families that intermarried with the Preston line. The documents were collected primarily by Hager, her mother Anne Gray Judkins, her aunt Mary Preston Gray (1896-1992), and Gray's mother Elizabeth Cummings Preston Gray (1868-1956). The collection also includes historical information about Southwest Virginia, particulary those places associated with the Preston family including Abingdon and Seven Mile Ford near Marion, Virginia.","This collection includes a wide range of documents. This includes a handwritten book about the history of Southwest Virginia by Elizabeth Preston Gray (1868-1956). It also contains a letter from Tarleton Alexander (1810-?), who was a domestic servant for John Lewis Cochran Sr. (1793-1881). The letter is addressed to \"Mistress,\" likely Cochran's wife Margaret Lynn Lewis Cochran (1808-1875). The collection also includes a photograph of Alexander. Also included in this collection are letters and agreements from Hatch D Poston (1794-1862), who was a slave owner in Smyth County, Virginia.","External Sources:","United States Census 1860, 1870","\"Elizabeth Preston Gray\" entry, The Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/search/collections/9278/records/1166790,  accessed on February 20, 2025.","\"John Lewis Cochran Sr.\" entry, findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/143012780/john-lewis-cochran,  accessed on February 6, 2025.","\"Margaret Lynn Lewis Cochran\" entry, findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/213337598/margaret_lynn_cochran,  accessed on February 6, 2025.","\"Elizabeth Cummings Preston Gray\" entry, findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9508143/elizabeth-cummings-gray,  accessed on February 6, 2025.","\"Mary Preston Gray\" entry, findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9508180/mary_preston_gray,  accessed on February 6, 2025."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection, Ms1995-008, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection, Ms1995-008, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in the The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection consists of book manuscripts and unpublished essays, newspaper clippings, land deeds, correspondence, receipts, notes, and copies of wills. Also included are books belonging to the Preston family which include a family Bible, a children's poetry book, and many others. Of particular interest is an 1832 receipt to General Francis Preston (1765-1835) for a subscription to the Saturday Evening Post, writings by Elizabeth Preston Gray about the history of her family, the 1981 nomination of the Aspenvale Cemetary in Smyth County to the National Register of Historic Places, copies of Mary Preston Gray's book manuscript, \u003cem\u003eThe Family Tree\u003c/em\u003e (about the various family lines), and correspondence from Hatch Dent Poston regarding the sale and purchase of enslaved individuals.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome folders also contain written context provided by the collector, Anne Judkins Hager.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials in the The Reverend Dr. and Mrs. Richard Eugene Hager (Anne Peyton Judkins Hager) Collection consists of book manuscripts and unpublished essays, newspaper clippings, land deeds, correspondence, receipts, notes, and copies of wills. Also included are books belonging to the Preston family which include a family Bible, a children's poetry book, and many others. Of particular interest is an 1832 receipt to General Francis Preston (1765-1835) for a subscription to the Saturday Evening Post, writings by Elizabeth Preston Gray about the history of her family, the 1981 nomination of the Aspenvale Cemetary in Smyth County to the National Register of Historic Places, copies of Mary Preston Gray's book manuscript,  The Family Tree  (about the various family lines), and correspondence from Hatch Dent Poston regarding the sale and purchase of enslaved individuals.","Some folders also contain written context provided by the collector, Anne Judkins Hager."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Preston family (Abingdon, Va.)","Hager, Anne Judkins","Gray, Elizabeth Preston, 1868-1956"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Preston family (Abingdon, Va.)"],"famname_ssim":["Preston family (Abingdon, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Hager, Anne Judkins","Gray, Elizabeth Preston, 1868-1956"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English ."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:34:05.252Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1996"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1647_c52","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"The Story of Reconstruction","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1647_c52#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1647_c52","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1647_c52"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1647_c52","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1647","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1647","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1647","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1647","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1647"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1647"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robert Selph Henry Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert Selph Henry Papers"],"text":["Robert Selph Henry Papers","The Story of Reconstruction"],"title_filing_ssi":"The Story of Reconstruction","title_ssm":["The Story of Reconstruction"],"title_tesim":["The Story of Reconstruction"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1865-1877, ca. 1930s, n.d."],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865/1877"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The Story of Reconstruction"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Selph Henry Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":7,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":98,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877],"_nest_path_":"/components#51","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:44:04.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1647","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1647","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1647","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1647","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1647.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Henry, Robert Selph, Papers","title_ssm":["Robert Selph Henry Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert Selph Henry Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1989.020"],"text":["Ms.1989.020","Robert Selph Henry Papers","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Railroad","The collection is open for research.","This collection is organized thematically in alphabetical order by folder title.","Robert Selph Henry (1889-1970) was born in Clifton, Tennessee, on October 20, 1889. He graduated from Vanderbilt University with an L.L.B. in 1910 and a BA in 1911. He served as a Captain of Field Artillery in World War I, and remained in the Army Reserve, rising to the rank of colonel, until his retirement in 1952. He worked for the newspaper in Nashville (1907-1913), served as secretary to the Governor of Tennessee (1913-1915), practiced as a lawyer in Nashville (1915-1921), and worked for the railroads, first as Director of Public Relations for the Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway (1921-1928), then as Assistant to the Vice President of the Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railrway (1928-1934), and lastly as as the Vice President of the Association of American Railroads (1934-1958).  ","Henry was also a historian of the American Civil War and the railroads.  He published several books including  The Story of the Confederacy  (1931),  The Story of Reconstruction  (1938),  First with the Most Forrest  (1944), and  This Fascinating Railroad Business  (1942). Henry also served as President of the Southern Historical Association (SHA; 1957).  ","The guide to the Robert Selph Henry Papers, Ms1989-020 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert Selph Henry Papers was completed in July 2013.","The Robert Selph Henry Papers consist of correspondence, subject files, photographs, and clippings concerning Henry's research on the American Civil War, focusing on the Confederacy and Nathan Bedford Forrest, and also railroad history. Most subject files involve research notes and photocopies or transcriptions of primary sources such as diaries, letters, and reminiscences.  This collection also contains Henry's Southern Historical Association (SHA) and Association of American Railroads papers.  ","The collection dates from 1861 to 1971; however, most of the Civil War letters and diaries contained in this collection appear to be either later reprints, transcriptions, or copies of the original.  The dates given in this finding aid correspond to the year for the original document.  Many of the photographs are reproductions as well.  ","The following book has been removed from the collection and has been catalogued for the rare book collection:  Diary of Capt. Heber S. Thompson, Seventh Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry, May to December, 1864   (Call number:  E527.6 7th T46 1864 SCUA Civil War).","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Spanning 1861 to 1971, the Robert Selph Henry Papers consist of correspondence, subject files, photographs, and clippings concerning Henry's research on the American Civil War, focusing on the Confederacy and Nathan Bedford Forrest, and also railroad history. This collection also contains Henry's Southern Historical Association (SHA) and Association of American Railroads papers.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Henry, Robert Selph, 1889-1970","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1989.020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Selph Henry Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert Selph Henry Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Selph Henry Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Henry, Robert Selph, 1889-1970"],"creator_ssim":["Henry, Robert Selph, 1889-1970"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Henry, Robert Selph, 1889-1970"],"creators_ssim":["Henry, Robert Selph, 1889-1970"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was acquired by Virginia Tech Special Collections in 1989."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Railroad"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Railroad"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.3 Cubic Feet 4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.3 Cubic Feet 4 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized thematically in alphabetical order by folder title.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized thematically in alphabetical order by folder title."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Selph Henry (1889-1970) was born in Clifton, Tennessee, on October 20, 1889. He graduated from Vanderbilt University with an L.L.B. in 1910 and a BA in 1911. He served as a Captain of Field Artillery in World War I, and remained in the Army Reserve, rising to the rank of colonel, until his retirement in 1952. He worked for the newspaper in Nashville (1907-1913), served as secretary to the Governor of Tennessee (1913-1915), practiced as a lawyer in Nashville (1915-1921), and worked for the railroads, first as Director of Public Relations for the Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway (1921-1928), then as Assistant to the Vice President of the Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railrway (1928-1934), and lastly as as the Vice President of the Association of American Railroads (1934-1958).  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHenry was also a historian of the American Civil War and the railroads.  He published several books including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Story of the Confederacy\u003c/title\u003e (1931), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Story of Reconstruction\u003c/title\u003e (1938), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFirst with the Most Forrest\u003c/title\u003e (1944), and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThis Fascinating Railroad Business\u003c/title\u003e (1942). Henry also served as President of the Southern Historical Association (SHA; 1957).  \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Selph Henry (1889-1970) was born in Clifton, Tennessee, on October 20, 1889. He graduated from Vanderbilt University with an L.L.B. in 1910 and a BA in 1911. He served as a Captain of Field Artillery in World War I, and remained in the Army Reserve, rising to the rank of colonel, until his retirement in 1952. He worked for the newspaper in Nashville (1907-1913), served as secretary to the Governor of Tennessee (1913-1915), practiced as a lawyer in Nashville (1915-1921), and worked for the railroads, first as Director of Public Relations for the Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway (1921-1928), then as Assistant to the Vice President of the Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railrway (1928-1934), and lastly as as the Vice President of the Association of American Railroads (1934-1958).  ","Henry was also a historian of the American Civil War and the railroads.  He published several books including  The Story of the Confederacy  (1931),  The Story of Reconstruction  (1938),  First with the Most Forrest  (1944), and  This Fascinating Railroad Business  (1942). Henry also served as President of the Southern Historical Association (SHA; 1957).  "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Robert Selph Henry Papers, Ms1989-020 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Robert Selph Henry Papers, Ms1989-020 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert Selph Henry Papers, 1861-1971, Ms1989-020, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert Selph Henry Papers, 1861-1971, Ms1989-020, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert Selph Henry Papers was completed in July 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert Selph Henry Papers was completed in July 2013."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Robert Selph Henry Papers consist of correspondence, subject files, photographs, and clippings concerning Henry's research on the American Civil War, focusing on the Confederacy and Nathan Bedford Forrest, and also railroad history. Most subject files involve research notes and photocopies or transcriptions of primary sources such as diaries, letters, and reminiscences.  This collection also contains Henry's Southern Historical Association (SHA) and Association of American Railroads papers.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection dates from 1861 to 1971; however, most of the Civil War letters and diaries contained in this collection appear to be either later reprints, transcriptions, or copies of the original.  The dates given in this finding aid correspond to the year for the original document.  Many of the photographs are reproductions as well.  \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Robert Selph Henry Papers consist of correspondence, subject files, photographs, and clippings concerning Henry's research on the American Civil War, focusing on the Confederacy and Nathan Bedford Forrest, and also railroad history. Most subject files involve research notes and photocopies or transcriptions of primary sources such as diaries, letters, and reminiscences.  This collection also contains Henry's Southern Historical Association (SHA) and Association of American Railroads papers.  ","The collection dates from 1861 to 1971; however, most of the Civil War letters and diaries contained in this collection appear to be either later reprints, transcriptions, or copies of the original.  The dates given in this finding aid correspond to the year for the original document.  Many of the photographs are reproductions as well.  "],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following book has been removed from the collection and has been catalogued for the rare book collection: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDiary of Capt. Heber S. Thompson, Seventh Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry, May to December, 1864\u003c/title\u003e  (Call number:  E527.6 7th T46 1864 SCUA Civil War).\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following book has been removed from the collection and has been catalogued for the rare book collection:  Diary of Capt. Heber S. Thompson, Seventh Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry, May to December, 1864   (Call number:  E527.6 7th T46 1864 SCUA Civil War)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1f74203b1129dc01e6a3003604a358e7\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eSpanning 1861 to 1971, the Robert Selph Henry Papers consist of correspondence, subject files, photographs, and clippings concerning Henry's research on the American Civil War, focusing on the Confederacy and Nathan Bedford Forrest, and also railroad history. This collection also contains Henry's Southern Historical Association (SHA) and Association of American Railroads papers.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Spanning 1861 to 1971, the Robert Selph Henry Papers consist of correspondence, subject files, photographs, and clippings concerning Henry's research on the American Civil War, focusing on the Confederacy and Nathan Bedford Forrest, and also railroad history. This collection also contains Henry's Southern Historical Association (SHA) and Association of American Railroads papers."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Henry, Robert Selph, 1889-1970"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Henry, Robert Selph, 1889-1970"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":129,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:44:04.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1647_c52"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239_c02_c07_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Third-party correspondence","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239_c02_c07_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239_c02_c07_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239_c02_c07_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239_c02_c07_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239_c02_c07","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239_c02_c07","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239_c02","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239_c02_c07"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239_c02","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239_c02_c07"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection","Series II: Personal Papers","Subseries G: General Materials"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection","Series II: Personal Papers","Subseries G: General Materials"],"text":["J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection","Series II: Personal Papers","Subseries G: General Materials","Third-party correspondence","box 47","folder 2"],"title_filing_ssi":"Third-party correspondence","title_ssm":["Third-party correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Third-party correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1802-1913"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1802/1913"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Third-party correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":385,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913],"containers_ssim":["box 47","folder 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#6/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:27:28.253Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1239.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Tyler, J. Hoge, Family Collection","title_ssm":["J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection"],"title_tesim":["J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1802-1956"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1802-1956"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1967.002"],"text":["Ms.1967.002","J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Politicians -- United States","The collection is open for research.","Subseries A: Executive Letter Books, 1898-1901. This subseries contains a compiled, bound set of Tyler's correspondence as governor. The correspondence does not seem to follow a strict arrangement. A set of notebooks, arranged in a rough alphabetical order, serves as an index to the letter books, with separate listings for incoming and outgoing correspondence. The numbering on the incoming letters has no relation to that on the outgoing letters. The index books are arranged alphabetically, while the letters themselves are divided between \"incoming\" and \"outgoing,\" then arranged numerically. (Note: Two books were originally bound in error, creating a mixed set of incoming and outgoing letters, which have been noted in the finding aid.)\n\nSubseries B: Subject Files, 1897-1901. Tyler's office seems to have maintained files relating to only a few issues with which he had to contend while governor. The series consists largely of files devoted to political appointments. These appointment files were not part of the original subject files but have been included here for convenience; they contain letters from applicants for appointment (or reappointment) to positions over which the governor had power of appointment, together with endorsements from interested parties. The subseries also contains files devoted to several controversies which arose during Tyler's administration and the use of the Virginia Volunteer Infantry to quell instances of civil unrest. These subject files have been assigned file titles and arranged in an artificial alphabetical order.\n\nSubseries C: Gubernatorial Campaign Canvass, 1897. The files in this subseries consist of political correspondence from contacts in various localities, arising from Tyler's 1897 gubernatorial campaign. Correspondents discuss local political activities, contacts, strategies, and outlooks. Arranged alphabetically by locality, with cities and counties inter-filed.\n\nSubseries D:l Senatorial Campaign Canvass, 1899. Like Subseries III, this subseries contains correspondence from Tyler's local contacts throughout Virginia. The correspondence relates to Tyler's failed United States Senate campaign of 1899, with letters regarding insight into local political affairs and leaders. Arranged alphabetically by locality, with cities and counties inter-filed.\n\nSubseries E: General political correspondence, 1870-1923. This subseries contains an extensive collection of Tyler's political correspondence. The letters originate from contacts throughout Virginia and beyond and relate to political activities and questions of the day (particularly bi-metallism in the late 19th century). The subseries also contains correspondence arising from Tyler's several political campaigns prior to 1897. (In these earlier contests, the correspondence was not sorted according to locality, but like the letters from those campaigns, these provide details on local political sentiments and leaders during the time period.) Letters relating to the 1897 and 1899 campaigns but not tied to any particular Virginia locality may also be found here, as may correspondence originating during Tyler's gubernatorial administration but not, for whatever reason, bound with the executive letter books. Apart from letters addressing the period's political questions, the letters also span the wide range of routine matters which one might expect to occupy the chief executive's time: invitations to address organizations, requests for personal favors, and pleas on behalf of prisoners. The political correspondence continues past Tyler's gubernatorial term, as he remained active in party politics and flirted with the idea of again running for office. Arranged chronologically, with copies of just a few pieces of Tyler's outgoing correspondences inter-filed with the incoming correspondence.\n\nSubseries F: Speeches, 1877-1907. Contained in this subseries is a collection of materials relating to political speeches delivered by Tyler. The speech drafts are largely undated and fairly illegible. Drafts of other speeches by Tyler may be found in Series II, Subseries VII and in Series III, Subseries II. Arranged chronologically.\n\nSubseries G: Printed Materials, 1874-1922. This subseries contains a number of pamphlets and speech texts relating to numerous state and political issues, particularly Virginia's state debt and the controversy over bi-metallism. Also relating to politics, particularly various political races, is a collection of newspaper clippings. The subseries also includes a few political broadsides and flyers, announcing such things as slates of political speakers. Arranged by document type.\n\nSubseries H: General Materials, 1865-1901. Completing the series, this small subseries contains materials relating to the 1889 Virginia Democratic Convention, various voter contact lists from 1899, Tyler's notebook from that same campaign, notebooks containing the names of Virginia notaries public and commissioners of deeds, and some miscellaneous political notes made by Tyler. Arranged by document type, then chronologically. \n\n","Subseries A: Presbyterian Church, 1866-1925. This subseries contains materials relating to Tyler's involvement in the Presbyterian Church, both locally and nationally, through his service as a church elder and his position on the boards of the Union Theological Seminary and the Synodical Orphans Home in Lynchburg, Virginia. Correspondence within the subseries relates to these activities and to Tyler's involvement with other church-related educational institutions within Virginia, the temperance movement, and participation in various church councils. The subseries also includes drafts of various church-related addresses made by Tyler, as well as printed material and ephemera. Also included are two unidentified church record books, probably from Radford Presbyterian Church. Arranged by document type.\n\nSubseries B: Genealogy, 1876-1948. The materials in this subseries relate to J. Hoge Tyler's interest in his family's history, including the Hoge, Tyler and other extended family lines. The subseries includes letters from other genealogists, as well as two genealogy manuscripts by Tyler and a collection of family history-related newspaper clippings and notes. Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries C: General Correspondence, 1860-1924. This subseries contains the uncategorized personal correspondence of J. Hoge Tyler. The correspondence relates to many of Tyler's wide-ranging interests, so many of the letters contain references to politics and business activities. Included among the correspondence are requests for Tyler to use his influence on behalf of relatives and acquaintances, as well letters relating to his involvement with the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. A large percentage of the letters here are from members of Tyler's large extended family. (Invitations received by the Tylers may be found in Subseries VII, and letters received from his children may be found in the various series devoted to each offspring.) The subseries contains a relatively small number of drafts of Tyler's outgoing correspondence, arranged chronologically. Incoming correspondence has been arranged alphabetically by surname.\n\nSubseries D: Sue Hammet Tyler Papers, 1865-1927. This subseries contains the correspondence of Sue Hammet Tyler, wife of J. Hoge Tyler. The correspondence is overwhelmingly personal in nature, though some of the letters touch upon Governor Tyler's political and business interests. Included here are letters written by Mrs. Tyler to her husband, children and others. Among the incoming letters are letters from extended family members, including the Heths, Prestons, Capertons and others. Also included among the incoming correspondence are the many letters of condolence she received upon the governor's death. (For a set of farm operation reports made to Mrs. Tyler, see Series III, Subseries II.)\n\nSubseries E: Scrapbooks, 1871-1925. The first two scrapbooks in this series, devoted entirely to newspaper clippings and covering the years 1871-1900, are invaluable in tracking Tyler's political career, containing as they do articles, editorials, letters to the editor, texts from speeches, and articles about his activities, campaigns and gubernatorial administration. The third scrapbook (1901-1919) details the latter part of Tyler's term as governor, while the remainder is devoted to his later political activities and to personal activities and interests. A fourth scrapbook features newspaper articles and tributes following Tyler's death (pasted in a ledger containing minutes (1896-1898) of the finance committee of an unidentified organization (possibly the Radford Trust Company)). The subseries also contains a number of loose items which were removed from scrapbooks 1-3. The four scrapbooks are arranged chronologically, with the loose materials completing the subseries.\n\nSubseries F: Printed Materials, 1887-1929. The printed materials included in this subseries relate to a wide range of Tyler's personal interests. Included are texts of speeches by others; several pamphlets regarding European railways; a booklet from the 1900 reunion of the Army of the Potomac; an 1888 promotional publication for Radford, Virginia; an 1899 issue of  The Goodson Gazette  (published by the Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind); and a copy of the Radford newspaper detailing Tyler's death. The subseries also contains a collection of newspaper clippings which include poetry, obituaries and articles of general interest.\n\nSubseries G: General materials, 1868-1926. Contained within this subseries are other personal papers of the Tylers that did not belong in other subseries. Included here is a file of third-party correspondence belonging to individuals not represented elsewhere in the collection, including letters written by James Hoge, R. S. Hoge, Laura Fitzhugh Preston, Eliza Hoge Tyler, Henry Tyler and others. Also included here are the many invitations and calling cards received by the Tyler family. Tyler's service as food administrator for the Federal Food Administration in Radford and Montgomery County during World War I is represented in a collection of FDA forms and publications. Also included here are drafts of talks delivered by Tyler on a variety of subjects to various schools and organizations. A collection of miscellaneous materials completes the subseries and includes death notices, notes, Tyler's American Red Cross state board certificates, poetry, advertising matter, a broadside announcing the sale of Plumer Memorial Female College, and other ephemera.\n\n","Subseries A: Business Concerns, 1882-1922. This subseries contains papers originating from the many business ventures in which Tyler engaged but is devoted largely to his Belle Hampton Coal Company and the Radford Development Company. Also of particular interest are a set of ledgers from a store Tyler operated at Belle Hampton. The subseries is arranged alphabetically by name of company, then by document type, then chronologically. (Tyler also recorded business transactions in ledgers that had once belonged to members of the Hammet family. These ledgers may be found in Series XI, Subseries I and III.)\n\nSubseries B: Agriculture, 1874-1914. This subseries is devoted to Tyler's short-horn cattle business and other agricultural pursuits. It includes correspondence, cattle pedigrees and registrations. It also includes drafts of speeches delivered before agricultural organizations, business records from his farm, printed materials relating to agriculture and farming implements, and a few miscellaneous documents. (Papers relating to the 1902 Southwest Virginia Livestock Fair, with which Tyler was involved, may be found in Series IX.) Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries C: General Business and Personal Financial Papers, 1862-1923. Within this subseries is correspondence relating to other business activities of J. Hoge Tyler. The correspondence relates to financial transactions, property sales and rentals, the Hammet estate, bank accounts, business proposals (including a proposed railway from Charleston, South Carolina to Radford), letters of introduction, and others arising from Tyler's myriad business interests. The correspondence also includes letters regarding Tyler's household financial matters, including a number of letters regarding renovations to Halwick, the family home. Also relating to routine financial affairs of the household are receipts, account statements, personal checks, and a ledger. Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\n","Sigma Chi Quarterly","Subseries A: Personal Papers, 1885-1941. Among the personal papers of Stockton Heth Tyler in this subseries is a collection of his correspondence, largely consisting of letters written to other members of the Tyler family. The subseries also contains letters written by his wife and children to their Tyler relatives. Arranged by correspondent, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries B: Spanish-American War Records, 1898-1899. This subseries contains military records retained by Major Stockton Heth Tyler while serving as an additional paymaster in the U. S. Army during the Spanish-American War. The subseries contains various forms relating to pay for individual officers and enlisted personnel in more than 30 different units and includes reimbursement vouchers, pay vouchers, discharge statements, and company payrolls. Also included are records of other paymaster transactions, official correspondence, and a collection of orders from the adjutant general's office. The subseries is arranged by document type, with documents relating to specific individuals or units being arranged alphabetically, while other documents are arranged chronologically. \n\n","Subseries A: Henry H. and Lily Tyler Wilson Papers, 1889-1954. This subseries includes Lily Tyler Wilson's personal correspondence, largely consisting of letters to other members of the Tyler family. Also among her personal papers are a 1909 diary and a typescript compilation of her poetry. Lily Wilson's interest in the theatre is documented in a scrapbook devoted to the stage stars and productions she had seen, while a second chronicles other general interests. The subseries includes a large number of dance cards, many from events held at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in the early 1900s. Also included here are a file of papers (correspondence and published writings) of Henry H. Wilson, as well as materials relating to Wilson's interest in genealogy and printed materials relating to civil engineering and road construction. Within the subseries may also be found a small set of the couple's legal papers; additional printed materials consisting of religious tracts and newspaper clippings of personal interest; and a folder of miscellaneous materials. Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries B: James Hoge Tyler Wilson Papers, 1918-1950. Comprising this subseries is a small collection of the papers of James Hoge Tyler Wilson (1916-1994), son of Henry H. and Lily Tyler Wilson, graduate of the University of Virginia, World War II Army Air Services pilot, Virginia Tech instructor, and attorney. The subseries consists of two folders of miscellanea, including a devotional book for military personnel and a small selection of correspondence.\n\nSubseries C: Lily Norwood Wilson Papers, 1924-1956. This subseries contains the papers of Lily Norwood Tyler, daughter of Henry H. and Lily Tyler Wilson. Included among the papers is a collection of personal correspondence, as well as a baby book and memorabilia from Wilson's school years (at the Seiler School (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania); St. Catherine's School (Richmond, Virginia); and Episcopal High School (Alexandria, Virginia)) and a 1930s European tour. The subseries also contains event invitations and programs, together with papers relating to the British War Relief Society and Wilson's service as secretary of the Radford, Virginia chapter during the 1930s and 1940s. Also included is a folder of miscellaneous materials containing notes, reports, printed materials and ephemera.\n\n","Subseries A: William Henry Hammet Papers, 1832-1878. Contained within this small subseries are papers of W. H. Hammet, a Washington County, Mississippi plantation owner and congressman. The subseries includes personal and business correspondence, as well as other business papers, including an account book and account statements, estate documents, and lists of slaves on an unidentified plantation. In addition to the papers is a physician's account book, containing entries from Vicksburg and Lammermoor, Mississippi and dating from 1836 to 1851. (The ledger also contains day book account entries of J. Hoge Tyler from 1881 to 1885). Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries B: Edward Hammet Papers, 1832-1892. This subseries contains the papers of Col. Edward Hammet, a prominent landowner of Radford, Virginia, and heir of William H. Hammet's plantation, Lammermoor, in Mississippi. The series contains papers relating to financial affairs of Lammermoor as well as personal and business correspondence together with legal and financial documents (some of which relate to the lands of John Heavin (Haven) on Plum Creek in Montgomery County, Virginia). Also found here are documents retained by J. Hoge Tyler, acting as executor of Hammet's will. Arranged by subject matter, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries C: James Preston Hammet Papers, 1856-1879. Within this series may be found the papers of James Preston Hammet (son of Edward and Clementina Craig Hammet), Montgomery County, Virginia physician and heir of William H. Hammet's plantation, Lammermoor, in Mississippi. The papers include correspondence relating to personal matters, medical patients, Lammermoor Plantation, and other financial and legal matters. The subseries also includes two pocket diaries containing miscellaneous notes, some seemingly related to the management of Lammermoor Plantation. A separate ledger contains additional records of Lammermoor and appears to document the daily work of the plantation's slaves and freedmen (much of the information in the ledger has been obscured by newspaper clippings relating to Virginia politics later pasted into the book, probably by J. Hoge Tyler). Other papers within the subseries detail the plantation's accounts, including those with freedmen. The subseries also includes papers relating Hammet's other business, legal and personal financial matters. Hammet's medical practice is detailed in two ledgers and a folder of papers containing account and patient records (including calls on freedmen patients). Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries D: Isabella Hammet Heth Family Papers, 1861-1913. This subseries contains the letters of Isabella Hammet (\"Belle\") Heth (daughter of Edward and Clementina Craig Hammet) and her husband, Major Stockton Heth. The subseries includes both incoming and outgoing correspondence of both Heths. Divided by correspondent, then arranged chronologically.\n\n","James Hoge Tyler, Virginia governor from 1898 to 1902, was born at the Tyler family farm, \"Blenheim,\" in Caroline County, Virginia on August 11, 1846. He was the son of George Tyler (1817-1889), a representative of Caroline County, and Eliza Hoge (1815-1846), daughter of General James Hoge. His mother having died during his birth, the young James Hoge Tyler was reared by his grandparents, James and Eleanor Howe Hoge at \"Hayfield,\" their Pulaski County home. Tyler was educated in Pulaski County before attending the school of Franklin Minor in Albermarle County. ","(George Tyler (1817-1889), father of James H., married four times: First to Jane De Jarnette (1820-1841)--the couple's only child died in childhood. Eliza Hoge (1815-1846) was Tyler's second wife, the future governor being their only child. Tyler married third Jane Quisenberry. The couple had two children: George William Tyler (married Mary Stuart Carter) and Nannie Brown Tyler (married John Washington). By his fourth wife, Julia Magruder (1837-1873), Tyler fathered six children: Henry Magruder Tyler, Mary Adams Taylor, Julia Magruder Tyler (married James Armistead Otey), Lucinda Coleman Tyler, Evelyn Tyler (married John J. Miller), John Tyler and William Elliot (married Burnley Redd).)","Tyler left school at the age of 16 to join the Confederate army and served as a private in the Signal Corps throughout the Civil War. (His later rank of \"major\" was apparently a post-war honorific.) After the war, Tyler returned to Pulaski County, where he had inherited the Hoge farm. He would rename the farm \"Belle Hampton\" and become a successful farmer, raising Durham cattle and serving as president of the Virginia Stock Farmers' Institute and of the Southwest Virginia Live Stock Association. His other business interests would come to include a store, a gristmill, a sawmill, the Belle Hampton Coal Mining Company (sold in 1902 to a New York company), and the Radford Development Company. ","Tyler married Sue Montgomery Hammet (daughter of Edward and Clementina Craig Hammet, who built the first home in what it now Radford, Virginia), a native of Radford, on November 16, 1868. While living at Belle Hampton, the Tylers had eight children: Edward H., James H. Jr., Stockton H., Lucy Belle, Sue H., Henry C. (\"Hal\"), Eliza (\"Lily\") and Eleanor Howe, who died in infancy. In 1891, the family moved to \"Halwick,\" their home in Radford.","In 1877, Tyler was elected to the state senate, serving one term and advocating retrenchment and reform. He maintained an active role in civic affairs, serving on the board of visitors and as rector of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University) and on the state debt commission. During the 1880s, he mounted two unsuccessful congressional campaigns. Tyler also launched an unsuccessful bid for governor in 1889 but secured the second place on the Democratic ticket that year and served as lieutenant governor from 1890 to 1894. While serving as lieutenant governor, Tyler again ran for the governorship in 1893, losing to Charles T. O'Ferrall. In 1897, Tyler successfully campaigned for governor and served from 1898 to 1902.","Tyler's gubernatorial administration was marked by a concern with adjustment of Virginia's state debt. He was a strong supporter of bi-metallism, and was a personal friend of William Jennings Bryan. The American Historical Society's  History of Virginia  (1926) summarized Tyler's governorship thus: ","Governor Tyler's administration was marked by the settlement of the long vexed oyster question, for it was largely through his efforts that the LeCato bill was made effective and the oyster beds of the state made to yield an income to the state instead of an annual deficit. As governor he secured the reduction of taxes and the state debt and the increase of the public school fund and the literary fund. Other measures credited to his administration are the establishment of the Farm Bureau, the reorganization of the agricultural department, a conditional pardon system and the settlement of the Virginia-Tennessee boundary question.","While serving as governor, Tyler launched an unsuccessful campaign for the U. S. Senate seat of incumbent Thomas S. Martin. His unsuccessful 1899 campaign would be Tyler's last, though he would continue to be somewhat active in state politics, playing the role of elder statesman and considering various pleas that he again seek office. During World War I, he served as food administrator for Radford and Montgomery County.","A Presbyterian, Tyler served as a ruling elder and moderator of the Synod of Virginia. He founded the Presbyterian church in East Radford, the area's first brick church. Three times he represented his church in the Presbyterian General Assembly. He also served twice as a delegate to the Pan-Presbyterian Council--once in Toronto, Canada and once in Glasgow, Scotland. He also served on the boards of trustees of the church-affiliated Hampden-Sidney College, Union Theological Seminary, and Synodical Orphans Home at Lynchburg. ","James Hoge Tyler died on January 3, 1925; Sue Hammet Tyler, born July 16, 1845, died on April 24, 1927.","Eldest child of James H. and Sue Hammet Tyler, Edward Hammet (\"Ned\") Tyler was born on December 15, 1869. He graduated from Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University) and served in Radford's local defense regiment, the Radford Rifles, during the late 19th century. Tyler remained a bachelor throughout his life and managed the family farm at Belle Hampton and also owned Kirkland Farm near Dublin (Pulaski County, Virginia). He died on March 22, 1939 in Radford. ","James Hoge Tyler Jr. was born on December 8, 1871. He attended Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and graduated from Hampden-Sidney College, where he was a member of the Sigma Sigma chapter of Sigma Chi fraternity. He worked in the governor's office during his father's administration and later for the Virginia-Carolina Chemical Company. He married Evelyn Gray Bell (daughter of A. O. Bell) on June 23, 1908, and the couple lived in Roanoke. The Tylers had no children. Evelyn died in Wilmington (Fluvanna County), Virginia around 1924. At the time of his wife's death, Tyler was living in Radford, paralyzed by a stroke; he died in 1937. ","Born on September 13, 1874, Stockton Heth Tyler was a graduate of the Washington and Lee School of Law. During the Spanish-American War, he was a major in the U. S. Army, serving as an additional paymaster. He married Nelle Louise Serpell (born June 10, 1878) on November 16, 1904; the couple had five children: Goldsborough Serpell, James Hoge III, Sue Hammet, Nell Serpell, Stockton Jr., and Gulielma Serpell. Tyler served as mayor of Norfolk, Virginia from 1924 to 1932. He died on September 5, 1943.","Lucy Belle Norwood Tyler was born March 9, 1876. She married Colonel Frank Percy McConnell (born July 1, 1870) of Talladega, Alabama on November 16, 1908. The couple, with their son, James Hoge Tyler McConnell, lived initially in Fort Smith, Arkansas, where McConnell was engaged in several business enterprises (including a Bonanza, Arkansas newspaper), before returning by 1927 to Radford. The son of Confederate Colonel William Kennedy McConnell, Frank McConnell commanded the Alabama National Guard's Third Regiment for four years. He was also an active member of Kappa Alpha fraternity, serving as general purser. Frank McConnell died on September 21, 1941; Lucy Belle McConnell on February 4, 1955.","Sue Hampton Tyler was born April 9, 1877. She married Rev. Robert Ware Jopling (1865-1944), a Presbyterian minister, on December 16, 1915. The couple had two children, Sue Tyler and James Robert (1918-1920), and they resided in Texas and South Carolina. Following her husband's death, Sue Jopling made her home in Norfolk, Virginia, where she died in 1949.","Henry Clement (\"Hal\") Tyler was born in Pulaski County, Virginia on December 10, 1878. He attended St. Alban's Academy in Radford and Richmond College before graduating from the University of Virginia School of Law in 1901. Admitted to the Virginia bar that same year, Tyler returned to Radford, where he established a law practice. In 1906, Tyler was appointed Radford's commonwealth attorney. He continued in that position through successive elections until 1922. In 1909, he was elected city attorney and served in that position until his death. In private practice, Tyler generally handled corporate law, including the legal affairs of the Belle Hampton Coal Company. Tyler also engaged in other businesses, being president of the Radford Hotel Corporation and the Radford Real Estate and Development Company. A Democrat, he served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1924 to 1925 and on the Radford School Board. He was a member of the American, Virginia and several county bar associations; Phi Delta Phi; Kappa Sigma; and Radford's rotary and golf clubs. He was also a superintendent of the Old Brick Presbyterian Church in Radford and later an elder in Radford's Central Presbyterian Church. Unmarried, Tyler died in Radford on December 1, 1941.","Known to her family and friends as \"Lily,\" Eliza Lillian Tyler was born on September 7, 1882; she married Henry Harrison Wilson (born January 15, 1885) on June 16, 1915. The couple eventually made their home in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania and had three children: James Hoge Tyler, Lily Norwood and Henry Harrison II. Born in Cumberland County, Virginia on January 15, 1882, Wilson graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1906 with a BS in engineering. He served as an instructor in civil engineering at the university while earning a civil engineering degree the following year. Wilson worked on various projects before being employed from 1908 to 1911 by Winston \u0026 Company, contractors for the Ashokan dams in New York. In 1914, he became a special partner in the company's highway and railway construction and in operation of its crushed stone business. Specializing in bridge and other construction work, Wilson became managing partner in 1925 of Winston Brothers Company \u0026 H. H. Wilson. He was also president and treasurer of the Lime Bluff Company, director of All States Life Insurance and the Peoples Bank of Radford, Virginia. He was elected president of the Associated Pennsylvania Constructors in 1924 and vice-president of the Association of General Contractors of America in 1922. A member of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Wilson published several articles on highway construction and edited  Highway Builder . A descendant of Declaration of Independence signer Benjamin Harrison, Wilson maintained an interest in genealogy. He died in Baltimore, Maryland on May 31, 1933. Following his death, Lily Wilson returned to Virginia and by 1948 was living at the Tyler family home. ","Colonel Edward Hammet was the father of Sue Hammet Tyler. Arriving in the area of what is now Radford, Virginia in the 1830s, Hammet married Clementina Craig, who had inherited the Norwood property, near (or on) what is now Radford University, from her father, James Craig. Edward and Clementina had several children, including James Preston, Isabella (married Stockton Heth), John Radford, and Susan (married James Hoge Tyler). The Hammets maintained ownership of lands in Washington and Issaquena counties, Mississippi.","William Henry Hammet / Hammett (1799-1865), brother of Edward Hammet, was born in County Cork, Ireland. He served as chaplain of the University of Virginia (1832-1834) and the Virginia House of Delegates before moving to Princeton, Mississippi. In 1837, he married the widow of Dr. James Metcalfe and became owner of the Lammermoor plantation. A Democrat, Hammet served in Congress from 1843-1845. Evidence within the collection suggests that Hammet was a physician. He died in Washington County, Mississippi and was buried on Lammermoor Plantation.","James Preston Hammet (1832-1829), son of Edward Hammet and a graduate of Virginia Military Institute (class of 1853) studied medicine at the University of Virginia and in Philadelphia. He married Katherine Markham Spiller in 1856; their daughter would marry Judge G. E. Cassel of Radford, Virginia. At the commencement of the Civil War, Hammet organized the \"New River Grays,\" which became Company H, 24th Virginia Infantry, but resigned early in the war. By 1864, he was a Montgomery County, Virginia surgeon, serving on the county's committee of public safety.","Isabella Hammet (\"Belle\") Heth, daughter of Edward and Clementina Craig Hammet, was born in 1842. She married Captain Stockton Heth, who had served in the 18th Virginia Infantry. Heth, president of the Exchange Bank of Radford, also owned Whitethorne Plantation in Montgomery County, Virginia. The couple's children included Virginia C., Stockton Jr., Sally P., and Sue H. Isabella died in 1910 and is buried in Radford, Virginia. ","Very little information could be found on the Sifford family, and it remains unclear why the family's papers were within those of the Tylers. The Siffords were Pulaski County farmers, so it may be assumed there was a relationship with the Hoge family. In 1818, Harman Sifford and John Hoge purchased from Cornelius Brown lands on Back and Neck creeks. George W. H. Sifford, perhaps the son of Harman Sifford, married Elizabeth Loukes on September 8, 1838, and the couple had four children: Henry, Rufus, Joseph, and Mary. During the Civil War, Sifford served in the 4th Regiment of the Virginia Reserves, probably in Company C, the Pulaski Reserves. Several other family members also seem to have served in the Confederate Army, including Henry S. and Joseph (sons of George W. H.), who both served in the 54th Virginia Infantry.","Sources:","Howe, Daniel Dunbar,  Listen to the mockingbird: the life and times of a pioneer Virginia family  (Boyce, VA: Carr, 1961).","Tyler, James Hoge,  The family of Hoge: a genealogy  ([Greensboro, NC: J. J. Stone and Co.], 1927).","The guide to the J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection commenced in January 2004 and was completed in August 2007. Some earlier work on the collection had been performed from 1967 to 1969 and 1971 to 1972.","This collection contains the papers of James Hoge Tyler, Virginia state senator (1877-1879), lieutenant governor (1890-1894), governor (1898-1902), businessman, church elder, genealogist, and resident of Radford, Virginia. The collection includes Tyler's correspondence as governor, including a set of bound letter books. Also among the political correspondence are a set of subject files, largely relating to political appointments directly under the governor's control but also touching on some of the issues with which Tyler's administration was concerned. Complementing this official correspondence is a voluminous collection of incoming political correspondence, spanning the latter 19th and early 20th centuries, much of it devoted to Tyler's 1897 and 1899 campaigns, but also including references to the political atmosphere in Virginia and the national political issues of the day. ","Within Tyler's personal papers are files relating to his involvement in the Presbyterian Church, particularly his service on the boards of various church-related institutions and in various church councils, as well as his leadership in Radford's Presbyterian Church. Tyler's interest in genealogy is documented in a small set of correspondence from other researchers, together with two of his own typescript manuscripts and printed materials. Also within the personal papers is a large collection of incoming correspondence to both J. Hoge and Sue Hammet Tyler. Much of this correspondence is from members of his very large extended Hoge and Tyler families and relates to personal matters, though many of the letters also touch on political and business matters. Though housed among the personal papers, a collection of scrapbooks provides an exhaustive chronicle of Tyler's political career, largely through newspaper clippings.","Tyler's business pursuits are well documented in a collection of correspondence, ledgers, and legal papers. Among these records are those of the Belle Hampton Coal Company and the Radford Development Company, together with records of Tyler's agricultural interests. Also among the business papers are documents relating to Tyler's personal financial activities, including such routine documents as personal checks and receipts.","Of the papers of Tyler's children, perhaps the most significant are those of Stockton Heth Tyler, an army paymaster during the Spanish-American War. In addition to S. Heth Tyler's personal papers are paymaster records which he retained after the war. The papers include payroll records for a number of units and individuals.","Also among the papers of Tyler's children are those of Edward H. Tyler, a Pulaski County, Virginia farmer; Belle Tyler McConnell, whose husband, Frank, was a prominent banker and businessman of Arkansas and Virginia; and Lily Tyler Wilson, whose husband, Henry, was a civil engineer and road contractor in Pennsylvania. ","The collection also includes the papers of members of the Hammet family of Mississippi and Virginia. Among these papers are a number of items relating to the affairs of Lammermoor Plantation in Mississippi, including materials concerning the ante bellum operation of the plantation, and later, accounts with the freedmen employed there. Also included among the Hammet papers are the account books of James P. Hammet, a physician of Montgomery County, Virginia.","A small collection of papers belonging to the Sifford family of Pulaski County, Virginia, are included as well and relate to the family's personal activities and business/legal interests. Included among the papers is a small notebook providing the names and birth dates of slaves on an unidentified farm.","Completing the collection is a large collection of photos, including both studio portraits and snapshots of the Tylers, extended family members and friends.","The following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection:  Clark, Champ,  The Philippine problem  (Washington, D.C.: [Government Printing Office], 1900). Goodwin, W. P.,  Experience of an old soldier in the Army of Northern Virginia, 1862 to 1865  (Bowling Green, VA: Echo Printing, 1907). Gray, Horace,  An Address on the life character and influence of Chief Justice Marshall  (Washington, D.C.: Pearson Printing Office, 1901). Haggard, H. Rider,  King Solomon's mines  (New York: F. M. Lupton, [19--?]). Jamestown Official Photograph Corporation,  The Jamestown Exposition illustrated  (New York: Press of I. H. Blanchard Co., 1907). John Warwick Daniel, late a senator from Virginia : memorial addresses delivered in the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States  (Washington : U.S. G.P.O., 1911). Johnston, Mattie Reed,   Six prayers; or, the soul's reflector  (Richmond, VA: Whittet \u0026 Shepperson, 1899). Mann, William Hodges,   Proclamation by the Governor of Virginia, 1910 . McBride, J. F.,  The Higher officials of the United States and buildings where all laws are made  (Chicago: J. F. McBride \u0026 Co., 1894). Memorial addresses on the life and character of William H. F. Lee (a representative from Virginia) delivered in the House of Representatives and in the Senate ...  (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1892). Military show: program and guide to exhibits  ([Fort Snelling, MN: Fort Snelling, 1928]). Official Army Register for 1899  (Washington: Adjutant General's Office, 1899). People and Politics  ([Roanoke, VA: Stone Printing and Manufacturing, 19--?]). Settlement of the debt of the state of Virginia : under the bondholders' agreement of May 12, 1890 ...  ([New York : Bondholders' Committee, 1892]). Smith, Orlando,  The Agreement between science and religion   (New York: C. P. Farrell, [c1906]). Society of the Army of the Potomac,   Proceedings of the thirty-first annual reunion, held at Fredericksburg, May 25th \u0026 26th, 1900   (New York: McGowan \u0026 Slipper, 1900). Southworth, Emma D. E. N.   Sybil Brotherton  (New York: F. M. Lupton, [19--?]). Thomas Staples Martin (late a senator from Virginia): memorial addresses delivered in the Senate and the House of Representatives of the United States...  (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1922). Tyler, James Hoge,   The Family of Hoge : a genealogy  ([Greensboro, NC]: James Fulton Hoge, 1927). Virginia: its agricultural and industrial resources  ([Richmond: Virginia Dept. of Agriculture and Immigration, 1914]). Young, Isabel N.,   The Hawaiian Islands; and, the story of pineapple  (New York : Home Economics Dept., American Can Co., [1935]).","The following items were transferred to the Newspapers Collection: The Alexandria Times  (Alexandria, Virginia), May 29, 1897. Midland Virginian  (Palmyra, Virginia), April 7, 1898.","The following item was transferred to the Historical Maps Collection: A Historical map of Virginia  (Richmond, VA: GHQ Committee, Kappa Alpha Order, 1925).","An oil painting of J. Hoge Tyler and his daughter Lily (Eliza Tyler Wilson) is part of this collection. See Art-359. Due to its size, it is housed separately in the art collection.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of Virginia Governor James Hoge Tyler, including official, business and personal correspondence, printed materials, scrapbooks, and ledgers; papers of Tyler's children (Edward H., James H. Jr., Stockton H., Belle Tyler McConnell, Sue Tyler Jopling, Hal C. and Lily Tyler Wilson); business records (including records of the Belle Hampton Coal Company and Radford Development Company), genealogical materials, Spanish-American War army pay records, and photographs. Also includes papers of members of the Hammet and Sifford families.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","J. Hoge Tyler family","J. Hoge Tyler, Jr. family","Sue Tyler Jopling family","Stockton Heth Tyler family","Belle Tyler McConnell family","Sifford family","Lily Tyler Wilson family","Hammet family","Tyler, Edward H. (Edward Hammet), 1869-1939","Tyler, Henry C. (Hal) (Henry Clement), 1878-1941","Tyler, James Hoge, 1846-1925","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1967.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection"],"collection_ssim":["J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["J. Hoge Tyler family","Tyler, Edward H. (Edward Hammet), 1869-1939","J. Hoge Tyler, Jr. family","Sue Tyler Jopling family","Tyler, Henry C. (Hal) (Henry Clement), 1878-1941","Stockton Heth Tyler family","Belle Tyler McConnell family","Sifford family","Tyler, James Hoge, 1846-1925","Lily Tyler Wilson family","Hammet family"],"creator_ssim":["J. Hoge Tyler family","Tyler, Edward H. (Edward Hammet), 1869-1939","J. Hoge Tyler, Jr. family","Sue Tyler Jopling family","Tyler, Henry C. (Hal) (Henry Clement), 1878-1941","Stockton Heth Tyler family","Belle Tyler McConnell family","Sifford family","Tyler, James Hoge, 1846-1925","Lily Tyler Wilson family","Hammet family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tyler, Edward H. (Edward Hammet), 1869-1939","Tyler, Henry C. (Hal) (Henry Clement), 1878-1941","Tyler, James Hoge, 1846-1925"],"creator_famname_ssim":["J. Hoge Tyler family","J. Hoge Tyler, Jr. family","Sue Tyler Jopling family","Stockton Heth Tyler family","Belle Tyler McConnell family","Sifford family","Lily Tyler Wilson family","Hammet family"],"creators_ssim":["Tyler, Edward H. (Edward Hammet), 1869-1939","Tyler, Henry C. (Hal) (Henry Clement), 1878-1941","Tyler, James Hoge, 1846-1925","J. Hoge Tyler family","J. Hoge Tyler, Jr. family","Sue Tyler Jopling family","Stockton Heth Tyler family","Belle Tyler McConnell family","Sifford family","Lily Tyler Wilson family","Hammet family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection was acquired by Newman Library in several installments. The nucleus of the collection, including the early correspondence of the Hammet and Tyler families and the business correspondence and ledgers of J. Hoge Tyler, was donated by Mrs. Sue Tyler Thomas in 1967. In 1972, J. Hoge Tyler Wilson donated approximately two thousand pieces of political and other correspondence dating from 1890 to 1901. Later in 1972, Mr. Wilson withdrew from temporary deposit at the University of Virginia Library a sizeable collection of Tyler papers, including gubernatorial correspondence, and donated them to Virginia Tech. Additions to the collection were made through several dealer purchases in the 1970s and 1980s."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Politicians -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Politicians -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["42 Cubic Feet 85 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["42 Cubic Feet 85 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Subseries A: Executive Letter Books, 1898-1901. This subseries contains a compiled, bound set of Tyler's correspondence as governor. The correspondence does not seem to follow a strict arrangement. A set of notebooks, arranged in a rough alphabetical order, serves as an index to the letter books, with separate listings for incoming and outgoing correspondence. The numbering on the incoming letters has no relation to that on the outgoing letters. The index books are arranged alphabetically, while the letters themselves are divided between \"incoming\" and \"outgoing,\" then arranged numerically. (Note: Two books were originally bound in error, creating a mixed set of incoming and outgoing letters, which have been noted in the finding aid.)\n\nSubseries B: Subject Files, 1897-1901. Tyler's office seems to have maintained files relating to only a few issues with which he had to contend while governor. The series consists largely of files devoted to political appointments. These appointment files were not part of the original subject files but have been included here for convenience; they contain letters from applicants for appointment (or reappointment) to positions over which the governor had power of appointment, together with endorsements from interested parties. The subseries also contains files devoted to several controversies which arose during Tyler's administration and the use of the Virginia Volunteer Infantry to quell instances of civil unrest. These subject files have been assigned file titles and arranged in an artificial alphabetical order.\n\nSubseries C: Gubernatorial Campaign Canvass, 1897. The files in this subseries consist of political correspondence from contacts in various localities, arising from Tyler's 1897 gubernatorial campaign. Correspondents discuss local political activities, contacts, strategies, and outlooks. Arranged alphabetically by locality, with cities and counties inter-filed.\n\nSubseries D:l Senatorial Campaign Canvass, 1899. Like Subseries III, this subseries contains correspondence from Tyler's local contacts throughout Virginia. The correspondence relates to Tyler's failed United States Senate campaign of 1899, with letters regarding insight into local political affairs and leaders. Arranged alphabetically by locality, with cities and counties inter-filed.\n\nSubseries E: General political correspondence, 1870-1923. This subseries contains an extensive collection of Tyler's political correspondence. The letters originate from contacts throughout Virginia and beyond and relate to political activities and questions of the day (particularly bi-metallism in the late 19th century). The subseries also contains correspondence arising from Tyler's several political campaigns prior to 1897. (In these earlier contests, the correspondence was not sorted according to locality, but like the letters from those campaigns, these provide details on local political sentiments and leaders during the time period.) Letters relating to the 1897 and 1899 campaigns but not tied to any particular Virginia locality may also be found here, as may correspondence originating during Tyler's gubernatorial administration but not, for whatever reason, bound with the executive letter books. Apart from letters addressing the period's political questions, the letters also span the wide range of routine matters which one might expect to occupy the chief executive's time: invitations to address organizations, requests for personal favors, and pleas on behalf of prisoners. The political correspondence continues past Tyler's gubernatorial term, as he remained active in party politics and flirted with the idea of again running for office. Arranged chronologically, with copies of just a few pieces of Tyler's outgoing correspondences inter-filed with the incoming correspondence.\n\nSubseries F: Speeches, 1877-1907. Contained in this subseries is a collection of materials relating to political speeches delivered by Tyler. The speech drafts are largely undated and fairly illegible. Drafts of other speeches by Tyler may be found in Series II, Subseries VII and in Series III, Subseries II. Arranged chronologically.\n\nSubseries G: Printed Materials, 1874-1922. This subseries contains a number of pamphlets and speech texts relating to numerous state and political issues, particularly Virginia's state debt and the controversy over bi-metallism. Also relating to politics, particularly various political races, is a collection of newspaper clippings. The subseries also includes a few political broadsides and flyers, announcing such things as slates of political speakers. Arranged by document type.\n\nSubseries H: General Materials, 1865-1901. Completing the series, this small subseries contains materials relating to the 1889 Virginia Democratic Convention, various voter contact lists from 1899, Tyler's notebook from that same campaign, notebooks containing the names of Virginia notaries public and commissioners of deeds, and some miscellaneous political notes made by Tyler. Arranged by document type, then chronologically. \n\n","Subseries A: Presbyterian Church, 1866-1925. This subseries contains materials relating to Tyler's involvement in the Presbyterian Church, both locally and nationally, through his service as a church elder and his position on the boards of the Union Theological Seminary and the Synodical Orphans Home in Lynchburg, Virginia. Correspondence within the subseries relates to these activities and to Tyler's involvement with other church-related educational institutions within Virginia, the temperance movement, and participation in various church councils. The subseries also includes drafts of various church-related addresses made by Tyler, as well as printed material and ephemera. Also included are two unidentified church record books, probably from Radford Presbyterian Church. Arranged by document type.\n\nSubseries B: Genealogy, 1876-1948. The materials in this subseries relate to J. Hoge Tyler's interest in his family's history, including the Hoge, Tyler and other extended family lines. The subseries includes letters from other genealogists, as well as two genealogy manuscripts by Tyler and a collection of family history-related newspaper clippings and notes. Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries C: General Correspondence, 1860-1924. This subseries contains the uncategorized personal correspondence of J. Hoge Tyler. The correspondence relates to many of Tyler's wide-ranging interests, so many of the letters contain references to politics and business activities. Included among the correspondence are requests for Tyler to use his influence on behalf of relatives and acquaintances, as well letters relating to his involvement with the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. A large percentage of the letters here are from members of Tyler's large extended family. (Invitations received by the Tylers may be found in Subseries VII, and letters received from his children may be found in the various series devoted to each offspring.) The subseries contains a relatively small number of drafts of Tyler's outgoing correspondence, arranged chronologically. Incoming correspondence has been arranged alphabetically by surname.\n\nSubseries D: Sue Hammet Tyler Papers, 1865-1927. This subseries contains the correspondence of Sue Hammet Tyler, wife of J. Hoge Tyler. The correspondence is overwhelmingly personal in nature, though some of the letters touch upon Governor Tyler's political and business interests. Included here are letters written by Mrs. Tyler to her husband, children and others. Among the incoming letters are letters from extended family members, including the Heths, Prestons, Capertons and others. Also included among the incoming correspondence are the many letters of condolence she received upon the governor's death. (For a set of farm operation reports made to Mrs. Tyler, see Series III, Subseries II.)\n\nSubseries E: Scrapbooks, 1871-1925. The first two scrapbooks in this series, devoted entirely to newspaper clippings and covering the years 1871-1900, are invaluable in tracking Tyler's political career, containing as they do articles, editorials, letters to the editor, texts from speeches, and articles about his activities, campaigns and gubernatorial administration. The third scrapbook (1901-1919) details the latter part of Tyler's term as governor, while the remainder is devoted to his later political activities and to personal activities and interests. A fourth scrapbook features newspaper articles and tributes following Tyler's death (pasted in a ledger containing minutes (1896-1898) of the finance committee of an unidentified organization (possibly the Radford Trust Company)). The subseries also contains a number of loose items which were removed from scrapbooks 1-3. The four scrapbooks are arranged chronologically, with the loose materials completing the subseries.\n\nSubseries F: Printed Materials, 1887-1929. The printed materials included in this subseries relate to a wide range of Tyler's personal interests. Included are texts of speeches by others; several pamphlets regarding European railways; a booklet from the 1900 reunion of the Army of the Potomac; an 1888 promotional publication for Radford, Virginia; an 1899 issue of  The Goodson Gazette  (published by the Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind); and a copy of the Radford newspaper detailing Tyler's death. The subseries also contains a collection of newspaper clippings which include poetry, obituaries and articles of general interest.\n\nSubseries G: General materials, 1868-1926. Contained within this subseries are other personal papers of the Tylers that did not belong in other subseries. Included here is a file of third-party correspondence belonging to individuals not represented elsewhere in the collection, including letters written by James Hoge, R. S. Hoge, Laura Fitzhugh Preston, Eliza Hoge Tyler, Henry Tyler and others. Also included here are the many invitations and calling cards received by the Tyler family. Tyler's service as food administrator for the Federal Food Administration in Radford and Montgomery County during World War I is represented in a collection of FDA forms and publications. Also included here are drafts of talks delivered by Tyler on a variety of subjects to various schools and organizations. A collection of miscellaneous materials completes the subseries and includes death notices, notes, Tyler's American Red Cross state board certificates, poetry, advertising matter, a broadside announcing the sale of Plumer Memorial Female College, and other ephemera.\n\n","Subseries A: Business Concerns, 1882-1922. This subseries contains papers originating from the many business ventures in which Tyler engaged but is devoted largely to his Belle Hampton Coal Company and the Radford Development Company. Also of particular interest are a set of ledgers from a store Tyler operated at Belle Hampton. The subseries is arranged alphabetically by name of company, then by document type, then chronologically. (Tyler also recorded business transactions in ledgers that had once belonged to members of the Hammet family. These ledgers may be found in Series XI, Subseries I and III.)\n\nSubseries B: Agriculture, 1874-1914. This subseries is devoted to Tyler's short-horn cattle business and other agricultural pursuits. It includes correspondence, cattle pedigrees and registrations. It also includes drafts of speeches delivered before agricultural organizations, business records from his farm, printed materials relating to agriculture and farming implements, and a few miscellaneous documents. (Papers relating to the 1902 Southwest Virginia Livestock Fair, with which Tyler was involved, may be found in Series IX.) Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries C: General Business and Personal Financial Papers, 1862-1923. Within this subseries is correspondence relating to other business activities of J. Hoge Tyler. The correspondence relates to financial transactions, property sales and rentals, the Hammet estate, bank accounts, business proposals (including a proposed railway from Charleston, South Carolina to Radford), letters of introduction, and others arising from Tyler's myriad business interests. The correspondence also includes letters regarding Tyler's household financial matters, including a number of letters regarding renovations to Halwick, the family home. Also relating to routine financial affairs of the household are receipts, account statements, personal checks, and a ledger. Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\n","Sigma Chi Quarterly","Subseries A: Personal Papers, 1885-1941. Among the personal papers of Stockton Heth Tyler in this subseries is a collection of his correspondence, largely consisting of letters written to other members of the Tyler family. The subseries also contains letters written by his wife and children to their Tyler relatives. Arranged by correspondent, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries B: Spanish-American War Records, 1898-1899. This subseries contains military records retained by Major Stockton Heth Tyler while serving as an additional paymaster in the U. S. Army during the Spanish-American War. The subseries contains various forms relating to pay for individual officers and enlisted personnel in more than 30 different units and includes reimbursement vouchers, pay vouchers, discharge statements, and company payrolls. Also included are records of other paymaster transactions, official correspondence, and a collection of orders from the adjutant general's office. The subseries is arranged by document type, with documents relating to specific individuals or units being arranged alphabetically, while other documents are arranged chronologically. \n\n","Subseries A: Henry H. and Lily Tyler Wilson Papers, 1889-1954. This subseries includes Lily Tyler Wilson's personal correspondence, largely consisting of letters to other members of the Tyler family. Also among her personal papers are a 1909 diary and a typescript compilation of her poetry. Lily Wilson's interest in the theatre is documented in a scrapbook devoted to the stage stars and productions she had seen, while a second chronicles other general interests. The subseries includes a large number of dance cards, many from events held at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in the early 1900s. Also included here are a file of papers (correspondence and published writings) of Henry H. Wilson, as well as materials relating to Wilson's interest in genealogy and printed materials relating to civil engineering and road construction. Within the subseries may also be found a small set of the couple's legal papers; additional printed materials consisting of religious tracts and newspaper clippings of personal interest; and a folder of miscellaneous materials. Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries B: James Hoge Tyler Wilson Papers, 1918-1950. Comprising this subseries is a small collection of the papers of James Hoge Tyler Wilson (1916-1994), son of Henry H. and Lily Tyler Wilson, graduate of the University of Virginia, World War II Army Air Services pilot, Virginia Tech instructor, and attorney. The subseries consists of two folders of miscellanea, including a devotional book for military personnel and a small selection of correspondence.\n\nSubseries C: Lily Norwood Wilson Papers, 1924-1956. This subseries contains the papers of Lily Norwood Tyler, daughter of Henry H. and Lily Tyler Wilson. Included among the papers is a collection of personal correspondence, as well as a baby book and memorabilia from Wilson's school years (at the Seiler School (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania); St. Catherine's School (Richmond, Virginia); and Episcopal High School (Alexandria, Virginia)) and a 1930s European tour. The subseries also contains event invitations and programs, together with papers relating to the British War Relief Society and Wilson's service as secretary of the Radford, Virginia chapter during the 1930s and 1940s. Also included is a folder of miscellaneous materials containing notes, reports, printed materials and ephemera.\n\n","Subseries A: William Henry Hammet Papers, 1832-1878. Contained within this small subseries are papers of W. H. Hammet, a Washington County, Mississippi plantation owner and congressman. The subseries includes personal and business correspondence, as well as other business papers, including an account book and account statements, estate documents, and lists of slaves on an unidentified plantation. In addition to the papers is a physician's account book, containing entries from Vicksburg and Lammermoor, Mississippi and dating from 1836 to 1851. (The ledger also contains day book account entries of J. Hoge Tyler from 1881 to 1885). Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries B: Edward Hammet Papers, 1832-1892. This subseries contains the papers of Col. Edward Hammet, a prominent landowner of Radford, Virginia, and heir of William H. Hammet's plantation, Lammermoor, in Mississippi. The series contains papers relating to financial affairs of Lammermoor as well as personal and business correspondence together with legal and financial documents (some of which relate to the lands of John Heavin (Haven) on Plum Creek in Montgomery County, Virginia). Also found here are documents retained by J. Hoge Tyler, acting as executor of Hammet's will. Arranged by subject matter, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries C: James Preston Hammet Papers, 1856-1879. Within this series may be found the papers of James Preston Hammet (son of Edward and Clementina Craig Hammet), Montgomery County, Virginia physician and heir of William H. Hammet's plantation, Lammermoor, in Mississippi. The papers include correspondence relating to personal matters, medical patients, Lammermoor Plantation, and other financial and legal matters. The subseries also includes two pocket diaries containing miscellaneous notes, some seemingly related to the management of Lammermoor Plantation. A separate ledger contains additional records of Lammermoor and appears to document the daily work of the plantation's slaves and freedmen (much of the information in the ledger has been obscured by newspaper clippings relating to Virginia politics later pasted into the book, probably by J. Hoge Tyler). Other papers within the subseries detail the plantation's accounts, including those with freedmen. The subseries also includes papers relating Hammet's other business, legal and personal financial matters. Hammet's medical practice is detailed in two ledgers and a folder of papers containing account and patient records (including calls on freedmen patients). Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries D: Isabella Hammet Heth Family Papers, 1861-1913. This subseries contains the letters of Isabella Hammet (\"Belle\") Heth (daughter of Edward and Clementina Craig Hammet) and her husband, Major Stockton Heth. The subseries includes both incoming and outgoing correspondence of both Heths. Divided by correspondent, then arranged chronologically.\n\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Hoge Tyler, Virginia governor from 1898 to 1902, was born at the Tyler family farm, \"Blenheim,\" in Caroline County, Virginia on August 11, 1846. He was the son of George Tyler (1817-1889), a representative of Caroline County, and Eliza Hoge (1815-1846), daughter of General James Hoge. His mother having died during his birth, the young James Hoge Tyler was reared by his grandparents, James and Eleanor Howe Hoge at \"Hayfield,\" their Pulaski County home. Tyler was educated in Pulaski County before attending the school of Franklin Minor in Albermarle County. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e(George Tyler (1817-1889), father of James H., married four times: First to Jane De Jarnette (1820-1841)--the couple's only child died in childhood. Eliza Hoge (1815-1846) was Tyler's second wife, the future governor being their only child. Tyler married third Jane Quisenberry. The couple had two children: George William Tyler (married Mary Stuart Carter) and Nannie Brown Tyler (married John Washington). By his fourth wife, Julia Magruder (1837-1873), Tyler fathered six children: Henry Magruder Tyler, Mary Adams Taylor, Julia Magruder Tyler (married James Armistead Otey), Lucinda Coleman Tyler, Evelyn Tyler (married John J. Miller), John Tyler and William Elliot (married Burnley Redd).)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTyler left school at the age of 16 to join the Confederate army and served as a private in the Signal Corps throughout the Civil War. (His later rank of \"major\" was apparently a post-war honorific.) After the war, Tyler returned to Pulaski County, where he had inherited the Hoge farm. He would rename the farm \"Belle Hampton\" and become a successful farmer, raising Durham cattle and serving as president of the Virginia Stock Farmers' Institute and of the Southwest Virginia Live Stock Association. His other business interests would come to include a store, a gristmill, a sawmill, the Belle Hampton Coal Mining Company (sold in 1902 to a New York company), and the Radford Development Company. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTyler married Sue Montgomery Hammet (daughter of Edward and Clementina Craig Hammet, who built the first home in what it now Radford, Virginia), a native of Radford, on November 16, 1868. While living at Belle Hampton, the Tylers had eight children: Edward H., James H. Jr., Stockton H., Lucy Belle, Sue H., Henry C. (\"Hal\"), Eliza (\"Lily\") and Eleanor Howe, who died in infancy. In 1891, the family moved to \"Halwick,\" their home in Radford.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1877, Tyler was elected to the state senate, serving one term and advocating retrenchment and reform. He maintained an active role in civic affairs, serving on the board of visitors and as rector of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University) and on the state debt commission. During the 1880s, he mounted two unsuccessful congressional campaigns. Tyler also launched an unsuccessful bid for governor in 1889 but secured the second place on the Democratic ticket that year and served as lieutenant governor from 1890 to 1894. While serving as lieutenant governor, Tyler again ran for the governorship in 1893, losing to Charles T. O'Ferrall. In 1897, Tyler successfully campaigned for governor and served from 1898 to 1902.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTyler's gubernatorial administration was marked by a concern with adjustment of Virginia's state debt. He was a strong supporter of bi-metallism, and was a personal friend of William Jennings Bryan. The American Historical Society's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of Virginia\u003c/emph\u003e (1926) summarized Tyler's governorship thus: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cblockquote\u003eGovernor Tyler's administration was marked by the settlement of the long vexed oyster question, for it was largely through his efforts that the LeCato bill was made effective and the oyster beds of the state made to yield an income to the state instead of an annual deficit. As governor he secured the reduction of taxes and the state debt and the increase of the public school fund and the literary fund. Other measures credited to his administration are the establishment of the Farm Bureau, the reorganization of the agricultural department, a conditional pardon system and the settlement of the Virginia-Tennessee boundary question.\u003c/blockquote\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile serving as governor, Tyler launched an unsuccessful campaign for the U. S. Senate seat of incumbent Thomas S. Martin. His unsuccessful 1899 campaign would be Tyler's last, though he would continue to be somewhat active in state politics, playing the role of elder statesman and considering various pleas that he again seek office. During World War I, he served as food administrator for Radford and Montgomery County.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA Presbyterian, Tyler served as a ruling elder and moderator of the Synod of Virginia. He founded the Presbyterian church in East Radford, the area's first brick church. Three times he represented his church in the Presbyterian General Assembly. He also served twice as a delegate to the Pan-Presbyterian Council--once in Toronto, Canada and once in Glasgow, Scotland. He also served on the boards of trustees of the church-affiliated Hampden-Sidney College, Union Theological Seminary, and Synodical Orphans Home at Lynchburg. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJames Hoge Tyler died on January 3, 1925; Sue Hammet Tyler, born July 16, 1845, died on April 24, 1927.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEldest child of James H. and Sue Hammet Tyler, Edward Hammet (\"Ned\") Tyler was born on December 15, 1869. He graduated from Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University) and served in Radford's local defense regiment, the Radford Rifles, during the late 19th century. Tyler remained a bachelor throughout his life and managed the family farm at Belle Hampton and also owned Kirkland Farm near Dublin (Pulaski County, Virginia). He died on March 22, 1939 in Radford. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJames Hoge Tyler Jr. was born on December 8, 1871. He attended Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and graduated from Hampden-Sidney College, where he was a member of the Sigma Sigma chapter of Sigma Chi fraternity. He worked in the governor's office during his father's administration and later for the Virginia-Carolina Chemical Company. He married Evelyn Gray Bell (daughter of A. O. Bell) on June 23, 1908, and the couple lived in Roanoke. The Tylers had no children. Evelyn died in Wilmington (Fluvanna County), Virginia around 1924. At the time of his wife's death, Tyler was living in Radford, paralyzed by a stroke; he died in 1937. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn on September 13, 1874, Stockton Heth Tyler was a graduate of the Washington and Lee School of Law. During the Spanish-American War, he was a major in the U. S. Army, serving as an additional paymaster. He married Nelle Louise Serpell (born June 10, 1878) on November 16, 1904; the couple had five children: Goldsborough Serpell, James Hoge III, Sue Hammet, Nell Serpell, Stockton Jr., and Gulielma Serpell. Tyler served as mayor of Norfolk, Virginia from 1924 to 1932. He died on September 5, 1943.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLucy Belle Norwood Tyler was born March 9, 1876. She married Colonel Frank Percy McConnell (born July 1, 1870) of Talladega, Alabama on November 16, 1908. The couple, with their son, James Hoge Tyler McConnell, lived initially in Fort Smith, Arkansas, where McConnell was engaged in several business enterprises (including a Bonanza, Arkansas newspaper), before returning by 1927 to Radford. The son of Confederate Colonel William Kennedy McConnell, Frank McConnell commanded the Alabama National Guard's Third Regiment for four years. He was also an active member of Kappa Alpha fraternity, serving as general purser. Frank McConnell died on September 21, 1941; Lucy Belle McConnell on February 4, 1955.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSue Hampton Tyler was born April 9, 1877. She married Rev. Robert Ware Jopling (1865-1944), a Presbyterian minister, on December 16, 1915. The couple had two children, Sue Tyler and James Robert (1918-1920), and they resided in Texas and South Carolina. Following her husband's death, Sue Jopling made her home in Norfolk, Virginia, where she died in 1949.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHenry Clement (\"Hal\") Tyler was born in Pulaski County, Virginia on December 10, 1878. He attended St. Alban's Academy in Radford and Richmond College before graduating from the University of Virginia School of Law in 1901. Admitted to the Virginia bar that same year, Tyler returned to Radford, where he established a law practice. In 1906, Tyler was appointed Radford's commonwealth attorney. He continued in that position through successive elections until 1922. In 1909, he was elected city attorney and served in that position until his death. In private practice, Tyler generally handled corporate law, including the legal affairs of the Belle Hampton Coal Company. Tyler also engaged in other businesses, being president of the Radford Hotel Corporation and the Radford Real Estate and Development Company. A Democrat, he served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1924 to 1925 and on the Radford School Board. He was a member of the American, Virginia and several county bar associations; Phi Delta Phi; Kappa Sigma; and Radford's rotary and golf clubs. He was also a superintendent of the Old Brick Presbyterian Church in Radford and later an elder in Radford's Central Presbyterian Church. Unmarried, Tyler died in Radford on December 1, 1941.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKnown to her family and friends as \"Lily,\" Eliza Lillian Tyler was born on September 7, 1882; she married Henry Harrison Wilson (born January 15, 1885) on June 16, 1915. The couple eventually made their home in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania and had three children: James Hoge Tyler, Lily Norwood and Henry Harrison II. Born in Cumberland County, Virginia on January 15, 1882, Wilson graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1906 with a BS in engineering. He served as an instructor in civil engineering at the university while earning a civil engineering degree the following year. Wilson worked on various projects before being employed from 1908 to 1911 by Winston \u0026amp; Company, contractors for the Ashokan dams in New York. In 1914, he became a special partner in the company's highway and railway construction and in operation of its crushed stone business. Specializing in bridge and other construction work, Wilson became managing partner in 1925 of Winston Brothers Company \u0026amp; H. H. Wilson. He was also president and treasurer of the Lime Bluff Company, director of All States Life Insurance and the Peoples Bank of Radford, Virginia. He was elected president of the Associated Pennsylvania Constructors in 1924 and vice-president of the Association of General Contractors of America in 1922. A member of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Wilson published several articles on highway construction and edited \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHighway Builder\u003c/title\u003e. A descendant of Declaration of Independence signer Benjamin Harrison, Wilson maintained an interest in genealogy. He died in Baltimore, Maryland on May 31, 1933. Following his death, Lily Wilson returned to Virginia and by 1948 was living at the Tyler family home. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eColonel Edward Hammet was the father of Sue Hammet Tyler. Arriving in the area of what is now Radford, Virginia in the 1830s, Hammet married Clementina Craig, who had inherited the Norwood property, near (or on) what is now Radford University, from her father, James Craig. Edward and Clementina had several children, including James Preston, Isabella (married Stockton Heth), John Radford, and Susan (married James Hoge Tyler). The Hammets maintained ownership of lands in Washington and Issaquena counties, Mississippi.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Henry Hammet / Hammett (1799-1865), brother of Edward Hammet, was born in County Cork, Ireland. He served as chaplain of the University of Virginia (1832-1834) and the Virginia House of Delegates before moving to Princeton, Mississippi. In 1837, he married the widow of Dr. James Metcalfe and became owner of the Lammermoor plantation. A Democrat, Hammet served in Congress from 1843-1845. Evidence within the collection suggests that Hammet was a physician. He died in Washington County, Mississippi and was buried on Lammermoor Plantation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJames Preston Hammet (1832-1829), son of Edward Hammet and a graduate of Virginia Military Institute (class of 1853) studied medicine at the University of Virginia and in Philadelphia. He married Katherine Markham Spiller in 1856; their daughter would marry Judge G. E. Cassel of Radford, Virginia. At the commencement of the Civil War, Hammet organized the \"New River Grays,\" which became Company H, 24th Virginia Infantry, but resigned early in the war. By 1864, he was a Montgomery County, Virginia surgeon, serving on the county's committee of public safety.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIsabella Hammet (\"Belle\") Heth, daughter of Edward and Clementina Craig Hammet, was born in 1842. She married Captain Stockton Heth, who had served in the 18th Virginia Infantry. Heth, president of the Exchange Bank of Radford, also owned Whitethorne Plantation in Montgomery County, Virginia. The couple's children included Virginia C., Stockton Jr., Sally P., and Sue H. Isabella died in 1910 and is buried in Radford, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVery little information could be found on the Sifford family, and it remains unclear why the family's papers were within those of the Tylers. The Siffords were Pulaski County farmers, so it may be assumed there was a relationship with the Hoge family. In 1818, Harman Sifford and John Hoge purchased from Cornelius Brown lands on Back and Neck creeks. George W. H. Sifford, perhaps the son of Harman Sifford, married Elizabeth Loukes on September 8, 1838, and the couple had four children: Henry, Rufus, Joseph, and Mary. During the Civil War, Sifford served in the 4th Regiment of the Virginia Reserves, probably in Company C, the Pulaski Reserves. Several other family members also seem to have served in the Confederate Army, including Henry S. and Joseph (sons of George W. H.), who both served in the 54th Virginia Infantry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHowe, Daniel Dunbar, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eListen to the mockingbird: the life and times of a pioneer Virginia family\u003c/emph\u003e (Boyce, VA: Carr, 1961).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTyler, James Hoge, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe family of Hoge: a genealogy\u003c/emph\u003e ([Greensboro, NC: J. J. Stone and Co.], 1927).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Family History"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Hoge Tyler, Virginia governor from 1898 to 1902, was born at the Tyler family farm, \"Blenheim,\" in Caroline County, Virginia on August 11, 1846. He was the son of George Tyler (1817-1889), a representative of Caroline County, and Eliza Hoge (1815-1846), daughter of General James Hoge. His mother having died during his birth, the young James Hoge Tyler was reared by his grandparents, James and Eleanor Howe Hoge at \"Hayfield,\" their Pulaski County home. Tyler was educated in Pulaski County before attending the school of Franklin Minor in Albermarle County. ","(George Tyler (1817-1889), father of James H., married four times: First to Jane De Jarnette (1820-1841)--the couple's only child died in childhood. Eliza Hoge (1815-1846) was Tyler's second wife, the future governor being their only child. Tyler married third Jane Quisenberry. The couple had two children: George William Tyler (married Mary Stuart Carter) and Nannie Brown Tyler (married John Washington). By his fourth wife, Julia Magruder (1837-1873), Tyler fathered six children: Henry Magruder Tyler, Mary Adams Taylor, Julia Magruder Tyler (married James Armistead Otey), Lucinda Coleman Tyler, Evelyn Tyler (married John J. Miller), John Tyler and William Elliot (married Burnley Redd).)","Tyler left school at the age of 16 to join the Confederate army and served as a private in the Signal Corps throughout the Civil War. (His later rank of \"major\" was apparently a post-war honorific.) After the war, Tyler returned to Pulaski County, where he had inherited the Hoge farm. He would rename the farm \"Belle Hampton\" and become a successful farmer, raising Durham cattle and serving as president of the Virginia Stock Farmers' Institute and of the Southwest Virginia Live Stock Association. His other business interests would come to include a store, a gristmill, a sawmill, the Belle Hampton Coal Mining Company (sold in 1902 to a New York company), and the Radford Development Company. ","Tyler married Sue Montgomery Hammet (daughter of Edward and Clementina Craig Hammet, who built the first home in what it now Radford, Virginia), a native of Radford, on November 16, 1868. While living at Belle Hampton, the Tylers had eight children: Edward H., James H. Jr., Stockton H., Lucy Belle, Sue H., Henry C. (\"Hal\"), Eliza (\"Lily\") and Eleanor Howe, who died in infancy. In 1891, the family moved to \"Halwick,\" their home in Radford.","In 1877, Tyler was elected to the state senate, serving one term and advocating retrenchment and reform. He maintained an active role in civic affairs, serving on the board of visitors and as rector of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University) and on the state debt commission. During the 1880s, he mounted two unsuccessful congressional campaigns. Tyler also launched an unsuccessful bid for governor in 1889 but secured the second place on the Democratic ticket that year and served as lieutenant governor from 1890 to 1894. While serving as lieutenant governor, Tyler again ran for the governorship in 1893, losing to Charles T. O'Ferrall. In 1897, Tyler successfully campaigned for governor and served from 1898 to 1902.","Tyler's gubernatorial administration was marked by a concern with adjustment of Virginia's state debt. He was a strong supporter of bi-metallism, and was a personal friend of William Jennings Bryan. The American Historical Society's  History of Virginia  (1926) summarized Tyler's governorship thus: ","Governor Tyler's administration was marked by the settlement of the long vexed oyster question, for it was largely through his efforts that the LeCato bill was made effective and the oyster beds of the state made to yield an income to the state instead of an annual deficit. As governor he secured the reduction of taxes and the state debt and the increase of the public school fund and the literary fund. Other measures credited to his administration are the establishment of the Farm Bureau, the reorganization of the agricultural department, a conditional pardon system and the settlement of the Virginia-Tennessee boundary question.","While serving as governor, Tyler launched an unsuccessful campaign for the U. S. Senate seat of incumbent Thomas S. Martin. His unsuccessful 1899 campaign would be Tyler's last, though he would continue to be somewhat active in state politics, playing the role of elder statesman and considering various pleas that he again seek office. During World War I, he served as food administrator for Radford and Montgomery County.","A Presbyterian, Tyler served as a ruling elder and moderator of the Synod of Virginia. He founded the Presbyterian church in East Radford, the area's first brick church. Three times he represented his church in the Presbyterian General Assembly. He also served twice as a delegate to the Pan-Presbyterian Council--once in Toronto, Canada and once in Glasgow, Scotland. He also served on the boards of trustees of the church-affiliated Hampden-Sidney College, Union Theological Seminary, and Synodical Orphans Home at Lynchburg. ","James Hoge Tyler died on January 3, 1925; Sue Hammet Tyler, born July 16, 1845, died on April 24, 1927.","Eldest child of James H. and Sue Hammet Tyler, Edward Hammet (\"Ned\") Tyler was born on December 15, 1869. He graduated from Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University) and served in Radford's local defense regiment, the Radford Rifles, during the late 19th century. Tyler remained a bachelor throughout his life and managed the family farm at Belle Hampton and also owned Kirkland Farm near Dublin (Pulaski County, Virginia). He died on March 22, 1939 in Radford. ","James Hoge Tyler Jr. was born on December 8, 1871. He attended Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and graduated from Hampden-Sidney College, where he was a member of the Sigma Sigma chapter of Sigma Chi fraternity. He worked in the governor's office during his father's administration and later for the Virginia-Carolina Chemical Company. He married Evelyn Gray Bell (daughter of A. O. Bell) on June 23, 1908, and the couple lived in Roanoke. The Tylers had no children. Evelyn died in Wilmington (Fluvanna County), Virginia around 1924. At the time of his wife's death, Tyler was living in Radford, paralyzed by a stroke; he died in 1937. ","Born on September 13, 1874, Stockton Heth Tyler was a graduate of the Washington and Lee School of Law. During the Spanish-American War, he was a major in the U. S. Army, serving as an additional paymaster. He married Nelle Louise Serpell (born June 10, 1878) on November 16, 1904; the couple had five children: Goldsborough Serpell, James Hoge III, Sue Hammet, Nell Serpell, Stockton Jr., and Gulielma Serpell. Tyler served as mayor of Norfolk, Virginia from 1924 to 1932. He died on September 5, 1943.","Lucy Belle Norwood Tyler was born March 9, 1876. She married Colonel Frank Percy McConnell (born July 1, 1870) of Talladega, Alabama on November 16, 1908. The couple, with their son, James Hoge Tyler McConnell, lived initially in Fort Smith, Arkansas, where McConnell was engaged in several business enterprises (including a Bonanza, Arkansas newspaper), before returning by 1927 to Radford. The son of Confederate Colonel William Kennedy McConnell, Frank McConnell commanded the Alabama National Guard's Third Regiment for four years. He was also an active member of Kappa Alpha fraternity, serving as general purser. Frank McConnell died on September 21, 1941; Lucy Belle McConnell on February 4, 1955.","Sue Hampton Tyler was born April 9, 1877. She married Rev. Robert Ware Jopling (1865-1944), a Presbyterian minister, on December 16, 1915. The couple had two children, Sue Tyler and James Robert (1918-1920), and they resided in Texas and South Carolina. Following her husband's death, Sue Jopling made her home in Norfolk, Virginia, where she died in 1949.","Henry Clement (\"Hal\") Tyler was born in Pulaski County, Virginia on December 10, 1878. He attended St. Alban's Academy in Radford and Richmond College before graduating from the University of Virginia School of Law in 1901. Admitted to the Virginia bar that same year, Tyler returned to Radford, where he established a law practice. In 1906, Tyler was appointed Radford's commonwealth attorney. He continued in that position through successive elections until 1922. In 1909, he was elected city attorney and served in that position until his death. In private practice, Tyler generally handled corporate law, including the legal affairs of the Belle Hampton Coal Company. Tyler also engaged in other businesses, being president of the Radford Hotel Corporation and the Radford Real Estate and Development Company. A Democrat, he served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1924 to 1925 and on the Radford School Board. He was a member of the American, Virginia and several county bar associations; Phi Delta Phi; Kappa Sigma; and Radford's rotary and golf clubs. He was also a superintendent of the Old Brick Presbyterian Church in Radford and later an elder in Radford's Central Presbyterian Church. Unmarried, Tyler died in Radford on December 1, 1941.","Known to her family and friends as \"Lily,\" Eliza Lillian Tyler was born on September 7, 1882; she married Henry Harrison Wilson (born January 15, 1885) on June 16, 1915. The couple eventually made their home in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania and had three children: James Hoge Tyler, Lily Norwood and Henry Harrison II. Born in Cumberland County, Virginia on January 15, 1882, Wilson graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1906 with a BS in engineering. He served as an instructor in civil engineering at the university while earning a civil engineering degree the following year. Wilson worked on various projects before being employed from 1908 to 1911 by Winston \u0026 Company, contractors for the Ashokan dams in New York. In 1914, he became a special partner in the company's highway and railway construction and in operation of its crushed stone business. Specializing in bridge and other construction work, Wilson became managing partner in 1925 of Winston Brothers Company \u0026 H. H. Wilson. He was also president and treasurer of the Lime Bluff Company, director of All States Life Insurance and the Peoples Bank of Radford, Virginia. He was elected president of the Associated Pennsylvania Constructors in 1924 and vice-president of the Association of General Contractors of America in 1922. A member of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Wilson published several articles on highway construction and edited  Highway Builder . A descendant of Declaration of Independence signer Benjamin Harrison, Wilson maintained an interest in genealogy. He died in Baltimore, Maryland on May 31, 1933. Following his death, Lily Wilson returned to Virginia and by 1948 was living at the Tyler family home. ","Colonel Edward Hammet was the father of Sue Hammet Tyler. Arriving in the area of what is now Radford, Virginia in the 1830s, Hammet married Clementina Craig, who had inherited the Norwood property, near (or on) what is now Radford University, from her father, James Craig. Edward and Clementina had several children, including James Preston, Isabella (married Stockton Heth), John Radford, and Susan (married James Hoge Tyler). The Hammets maintained ownership of lands in Washington and Issaquena counties, Mississippi.","William Henry Hammet / Hammett (1799-1865), brother of Edward Hammet, was born in County Cork, Ireland. He served as chaplain of the University of Virginia (1832-1834) and the Virginia House of Delegates before moving to Princeton, Mississippi. In 1837, he married the widow of Dr. James Metcalfe and became owner of the Lammermoor plantation. A Democrat, Hammet served in Congress from 1843-1845. Evidence within the collection suggests that Hammet was a physician. He died in Washington County, Mississippi and was buried on Lammermoor Plantation.","James Preston Hammet (1832-1829), son of Edward Hammet and a graduate of Virginia Military Institute (class of 1853) studied medicine at the University of Virginia and in Philadelphia. He married Katherine Markham Spiller in 1856; their daughter would marry Judge G. E. Cassel of Radford, Virginia. At the commencement of the Civil War, Hammet organized the \"New River Grays,\" which became Company H, 24th Virginia Infantry, but resigned early in the war. By 1864, he was a Montgomery County, Virginia surgeon, serving on the county's committee of public safety.","Isabella Hammet (\"Belle\") Heth, daughter of Edward and Clementina Craig Hammet, was born in 1842. She married Captain Stockton Heth, who had served in the 18th Virginia Infantry. Heth, president of the Exchange Bank of Radford, also owned Whitethorne Plantation in Montgomery County, Virginia. The couple's children included Virginia C., Stockton Jr., Sally P., and Sue H. Isabella died in 1910 and is buried in Radford, Virginia. ","Very little information could be found on the Sifford family, and it remains unclear why the family's papers were within those of the Tylers. The Siffords were Pulaski County farmers, so it may be assumed there was a relationship with the Hoge family. In 1818, Harman Sifford and John Hoge purchased from Cornelius Brown lands on Back and Neck creeks. George W. H. Sifford, perhaps the son of Harman Sifford, married Elizabeth Loukes on September 8, 1838, and the couple had four children: Henry, Rufus, Joseph, and Mary. During the Civil War, Sifford served in the 4th Regiment of the Virginia Reserves, probably in Company C, the Pulaski Reserves. Several other family members also seem to have served in the Confederate Army, including Henry S. and Joseph (sons of George W. H.), who both served in the 54th Virginia Infantry.","Sources:","Howe, Daniel Dunbar,  Listen to the mockingbird: the life and times of a pioneer Virginia family  (Boyce, VA: Carr, 1961).","Tyler, James Hoge,  The family of Hoge: a genealogy  ([Greensboro, NC: J. J. Stone and Co.], 1927)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection, Ms1967-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection, Ms1967-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection commenced in January 2004 and was completed in August 2007. Some earlier work on the collection had been performed from 1967 to 1969 and 1971 to 1972.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the J. Hoge Tyler Family Collection commenced in January 2004 and was completed in August 2007. Some earlier work on the collection had been performed from 1967 to 1969 and 1971 to 1972."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of James Hoge Tyler, Virginia state senator (1877-1879), lieutenant governor (1890-1894), governor (1898-1902), businessman, church elder, genealogist, and resident of Radford, Virginia. The collection includes Tyler's correspondence as governor, including a set of bound letter books. Also among the political correspondence are a set of subject files, largely relating to political appointments directly under the governor's control but also touching on some of the issues with which Tyler's administration was concerned. Complementing this official correspondence is a voluminous collection of incoming political correspondence, spanning the latter 19th and early 20th centuries, much of it devoted to Tyler's 1897 and 1899 campaigns, but also including references to the political atmosphere in Virginia and the national political issues of the day. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWithin Tyler's personal papers are files relating to his involvement in the Presbyterian Church, particularly his service on the boards of various church-related institutions and in various church councils, as well as his leadership in Radford's Presbyterian Church. Tyler's interest in genealogy is documented in a small set of correspondence from other researchers, together with two of his own typescript manuscripts and printed materials. Also within the personal papers is a large collection of incoming correspondence to both J. Hoge and Sue Hammet Tyler. Much of this correspondence is from members of his very large extended Hoge and Tyler families and relates to personal matters, though many of the letters also touch on political and business matters. Though housed among the personal papers, a collection of scrapbooks provides an exhaustive chronicle of Tyler's political career, largely through newspaper clippings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTyler's business pursuits are well documented in a collection of correspondence, ledgers, and legal papers. Among these records are those of the Belle Hampton Coal Company and the Radford Development Company, together with records of Tyler's agricultural interests. Also among the business papers are documents relating to Tyler's personal financial activities, including such routine documents as personal checks and receipts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf the papers of Tyler's children, perhaps the most significant are those of Stockton Heth Tyler, an army paymaster during the Spanish-American War. In addition to S. Heth Tyler's personal papers are paymaster records which he retained after the war. The papers include payroll records for a number of units and individuals.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso among the papers of Tyler's children are those of Edward H. Tyler, a Pulaski County, Virginia farmer; Belle Tyler McConnell, whose husband, Frank, was a prominent banker and businessman of Arkansas and Virginia; and Lily Tyler Wilson, whose husband, Henry, was a civil engineer and road contractor in Pennsylvania. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes the papers of members of the Hammet family of Mississippi and Virginia. Among these papers are a number of items relating to the affairs of Lammermoor Plantation in Mississippi, including materials concerning the ante bellum operation of the plantation, and later, accounts with the freedmen employed there. Also included among the Hammet papers are the account books of James P. Hammet, a physician of Montgomery County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA small collection of papers belonging to the Sifford family of Pulaski County, Virginia, are included as well and relate to the family's personal activities and business/legal interests. Included among the papers is a small notebook providing the names and birth dates of slaves on an unidentified farm.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCompleting the collection is a large collection of photos, including both studio portraits and snapshots of the Tylers, extended family members and friends.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of James Hoge Tyler, Virginia state senator (1877-1879), lieutenant governor (1890-1894), governor (1898-1902), businessman, church elder, genealogist, and resident of Radford, Virginia. The collection includes Tyler's correspondence as governor, including a set of bound letter books. Also among the political correspondence are a set of subject files, largely relating to political appointments directly under the governor's control but also touching on some of the issues with which Tyler's administration was concerned. Complementing this official correspondence is a voluminous collection of incoming political correspondence, spanning the latter 19th and early 20th centuries, much of it devoted to Tyler's 1897 and 1899 campaigns, but also including references to the political atmosphere in Virginia and the national political issues of the day. ","Within Tyler's personal papers are files relating to his involvement in the Presbyterian Church, particularly his service on the boards of various church-related institutions and in various church councils, as well as his leadership in Radford's Presbyterian Church. Tyler's interest in genealogy is documented in a small set of correspondence from other researchers, together with two of his own typescript manuscripts and printed materials. Also within the personal papers is a large collection of incoming correspondence to both J. Hoge and Sue Hammet Tyler. Much of this correspondence is from members of his very large extended Hoge and Tyler families and relates to personal matters, though many of the letters also touch on political and business matters. Though housed among the personal papers, a collection of scrapbooks provides an exhaustive chronicle of Tyler's political career, largely through newspaper clippings.","Tyler's business pursuits are well documented in a collection of correspondence, ledgers, and legal papers. Among these records are those of the Belle Hampton Coal Company and the Radford Development Company, together with records of Tyler's agricultural interests. Also among the business papers are documents relating to Tyler's personal financial activities, including such routine documents as personal checks and receipts.","Of the papers of Tyler's children, perhaps the most significant are those of Stockton Heth Tyler, an army paymaster during the Spanish-American War. In addition to S. Heth Tyler's personal papers are paymaster records which he retained after the war. The papers include payroll records for a number of units and individuals.","Also among the papers of Tyler's children are those of Edward H. Tyler, a Pulaski County, Virginia farmer; Belle Tyler McConnell, whose husband, Frank, was a prominent banker and businessman of Arkansas and Virginia; and Lily Tyler Wilson, whose husband, Henry, was a civil engineer and road contractor in Pennsylvania. ","The collection also includes the papers of members of the Hammet family of Mississippi and Virginia. Among these papers are a number of items relating to the affairs of Lammermoor Plantation in Mississippi, including materials concerning the ante bellum operation of the plantation, and later, accounts with the freedmen employed there. Also included among the Hammet papers are the account books of James P. Hammet, a physician of Montgomery County, Virginia.","A small collection of papers belonging to the Sifford family of Pulaski County, Virginia, are included as well and relate to the family's personal activities and business/legal interests. Included among the papers is a small notebook providing the names and birth dates of slaves on an unidentified farm.","Completing the collection is a large collection of photos, including both studio portraits and snapshots of the Tylers, extended family members and friends."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eThe following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection: \u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eClark, Champ, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Philippine problem\u003c/title\u003e (Washington, D.C.: [Government Printing Office], 1900).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGoodwin, W. P., \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eExperience of an old soldier in the Army of Northern Virginia, 1862 to 1865\u003c/title\u003e (Bowling Green, VA: Echo Printing, 1907).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGray, Horace, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAn Address on the life character and influence of Chief Justice Marshall\u003c/title\u003e (Washington, D.C.: Pearson Printing Office, 1901).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eHaggard, H. Rider, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eKing Solomon's mines\u003c/title\u003e (New York: F. M. Lupton, [19--?]).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eJamestown Official Photograph Corporation, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Jamestown Exposition illustrated\u003c/title\u003e (New York: Press of I. H. Blanchard Co., 1907).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJohn Warwick Daniel, late a senator from Virginia : memorial addresses delivered in the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States\u003c/title\u003e (Washington : U.S. G.P.O., 1911).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eJohnston, Mattie Reed, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e Six prayers; or, the soul's reflector\u003c/title\u003e (Richmond, VA: Whittet \u0026amp; Shepperson, 1899).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMann, William Hodges, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e Proclamation by the Governor of Virginia, 1910\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMcBride, J. F., \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Higher officials of the United States and buildings where all laws are made \u003c/title\u003e(Chicago: J. F. McBride \u0026amp; Co., 1894).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMemorial addresses on the life and character of William H. F. Lee (a representative from Virginia) delivered in the House of Representatives and in the Senate ... \u003c/title\u003e(Washington: Government Printing Office, 1892).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMilitary show: program and guide to exhibits \u003c/title\u003e([Fort Snelling, MN: Fort Snelling, 1928]).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eOfficial Army Register for 1899\u003c/title\u003e (Washington: Adjutant General's Office, 1899).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003ePeople and Politics\u003c/title\u003e ([Roanoke, VA: Stone Printing and Manufacturing, 19--?]).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSettlement of the debt of the state of Virginia : under the bondholders' agreement of May 12, 1890 ... \u003c/title\u003e([New York : Bondholders' Committee, 1892]).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSmith, Orlando, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Agreement between science and religion \u003c/title\u003e (New York: C. P. Farrell, [c1906]).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSociety of the Army of the Potomac, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e Proceedings of the thirty-first annual reunion, held at Fredericksburg, May 25th \u0026amp; 26th, 1900 \u003c/title\u003e (New York: McGowan \u0026amp; Slipper, 1900).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSouthworth, Emma D. E. N. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e Sybil Brotherton\u003c/title\u003e (New York: F. M. Lupton, [19--?]).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThomas Staples Martin (late a senator from Virginia): memorial addresses delivered in the Senate and the House of Representatives of the United States...\u003c/title\u003e (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1922).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTyler, James Hoge, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e The Family of Hoge : a genealogy \u003c/title\u003e([Greensboro, NC]: James Fulton Hoge, 1927).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia: its agricultural and industrial resources\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond: Virginia Dept. of Agriculture and Immigration, 1914]).\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eYoung, Isabel N., \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e The Hawaiian Islands; and, the story of pineapple \u003c/title\u003e(New York : Home Economics Dept., American Can Co., [1935]).\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eThe following items were transferred to the Newspapers Collection:\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Alexandria Times\u003c/title\u003e (Alexandria, Virginia), May 29, 1897.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMidland Virginian\u003c/title\u003e (Palmyra, Virginia), April 7, 1898.\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eThe following item was transferred to the Historical Maps Collection:\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eA Historical map of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Richmond, VA: GHQ Committee, Kappa Alpha Order, 1925).\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn oil painting of J. Hoge Tyler and his daughter Lily (Eliza Tyler Wilson) is part of this collection. See Art-359. Due to its size, it is housed separately in the art collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection:  Clark, Champ,  The Philippine problem  (Washington, D.C.: [Government Printing Office], 1900). Goodwin, W. P.,  Experience of an old soldier in the Army of Northern Virginia, 1862 to 1865  (Bowling Green, VA: Echo Printing, 1907). Gray, Horace,  An Address on the life character and influence of Chief Justice Marshall  (Washington, D.C.: Pearson Printing Office, 1901). Haggard, H. Rider,  King Solomon's mines  (New York: F. M. Lupton, [19--?]). Jamestown Official Photograph Corporation,  The Jamestown Exposition illustrated  (New York: Press of I. H. Blanchard Co., 1907). John Warwick Daniel, late a senator from Virginia : memorial addresses delivered in the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States  (Washington : U.S. G.P.O., 1911). Johnston, Mattie Reed,   Six prayers; or, the soul's reflector  (Richmond, VA: Whittet \u0026 Shepperson, 1899). Mann, William Hodges,   Proclamation by the Governor of Virginia, 1910 . McBride, J. F.,  The Higher officials of the United States and buildings where all laws are made  (Chicago: J. F. McBride \u0026 Co., 1894). Memorial addresses on the life and character of William H. F. Lee (a representative from Virginia) delivered in the House of Representatives and in the Senate ...  (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1892). Military show: program and guide to exhibits  ([Fort Snelling, MN: Fort Snelling, 1928]). Official Army Register for 1899  (Washington: Adjutant General's Office, 1899). People and Politics  ([Roanoke, VA: Stone Printing and Manufacturing, 19--?]). Settlement of the debt of the state of Virginia : under the bondholders' agreement of May 12, 1890 ...  ([New York : Bondholders' Committee, 1892]). Smith, Orlando,  The Agreement between science and religion   (New York: C. P. Farrell, [c1906]). Society of the Army of the Potomac,   Proceedings of the thirty-first annual reunion, held at Fredericksburg, May 25th \u0026 26th, 1900   (New York: McGowan \u0026 Slipper, 1900). Southworth, Emma D. E. N.   Sybil Brotherton  (New York: F. M. Lupton, [19--?]). Thomas Staples Martin (late a senator from Virginia): memorial addresses delivered in the Senate and the House of Representatives of the United States...  (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1922). Tyler, James Hoge,   The Family of Hoge : a genealogy  ([Greensboro, NC]: James Fulton Hoge, 1927). Virginia: its agricultural and industrial resources  ([Richmond: Virginia Dept. of Agriculture and Immigration, 1914]). Young, Isabel N.,   The Hawaiian Islands; and, the story of pineapple  (New York : Home Economics Dept., American Can Co., [1935]).","The following items were transferred to the Newspapers Collection: The Alexandria Times  (Alexandria, Virginia), May 29, 1897. Midland Virginian  (Palmyra, Virginia), April 7, 1898.","The following item was transferred to the Historical Maps Collection: A Historical map of Virginia  (Richmond, VA: GHQ Committee, Kappa Alpha Order, 1925).","An oil painting of J. Hoge Tyler and his daughter Lily (Eliza Tyler Wilson) is part of this collection. See Art-359. Due to its size, it is housed separately in the art collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_53fec248d256193feca61184457269a0\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Virginia Governor James Hoge Tyler, including official, business and personal correspondence, printed materials, scrapbooks, and ledgers; papers of Tyler's children (Edward H., James H. Jr., Stockton H., Belle Tyler McConnell, Sue Tyler Jopling, Hal C. and Lily Tyler Wilson); business records (including records of the Belle Hampton Coal Company and Radford Development Company), genealogical materials, Spanish-American War army pay records, and photographs. Also includes papers of members of the Hammet and Sifford families.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Virginia Governor James Hoge Tyler, including official, business and personal correspondence, printed materials, scrapbooks, and ledgers; papers of Tyler's children (Edward H., James H. Jr., Stockton H., Belle Tyler McConnell, Sue Tyler Jopling, Hal C. and Lily Tyler Wilson); business records (including records of the Belle Hampton Coal Company and Radford Development Company), genealogical materials, Spanish-American War army pay records, and photographs. Also includes papers of members of the Hammet and Sifford families."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","J. Hoge Tyler family","J. Hoge Tyler, Jr. family","Sue Tyler Jopling family","Stockton Heth Tyler family","Belle Tyler McConnell family","Sifford family","Lily Tyler Wilson family","Hammet family","Tyler, Edward H. (Edward Hammet), 1869-1939","Tyler, Henry C. (Hal) (Henry Clement), 1878-1941","Tyler, James Hoge, 1846-1925"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["J. Hoge Tyler family","Tyler, James Hoge, 1846-1925"],"famname_ssim":["J. Hoge Tyler family","J. Hoge Tyler, Jr. family","Sue Tyler Jopling family","Stockton Heth Tyler family","Belle Tyler McConnell family","Sifford family","Lily Tyler Wilson family","Hammet family"],"persname_ssim":["Tyler, Edward H. (Edward Hammet), 1869-1939","Tyler, Henry C. (Hal) (Henry Clement), 1878-1941","Tyler, James Hoge, 1846-1925"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":888,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:27:28.253Z","arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cblockquote\u003eSubseries A: Executive Letter Books, 1898-1901. This subseries contains a compiled, bound set of Tyler's correspondence as governor. The correspondence does not seem to follow a strict arrangement. A set of notebooks, arranged in a rough alphabetical order, serves as an index to the letter books, with separate listings for incoming and outgoing correspondence. The numbering on the incoming letters has no relation to that on the outgoing letters. The index books are arranged alphabetically, while the letters themselves are divided between \"incoming\" and \"outgoing,\" then arranged numerically. (Note: Two books were originally bound in error, creating a mixed set of incoming and outgoing letters, which have been noted in the finding aid.)\n\nSubseries B: Subject Files, 1897-1901. Tyler's office seems to have maintained files relating to only a few issues with which he had to contend while governor. The series consists largely of files devoted to political appointments. These appointment files were not part of the original subject files but have been included here for convenience; they contain letters from applicants for appointment (or reappointment) to positions over which the governor had power of appointment, together with endorsements from interested parties. The subseries also contains files devoted to several controversies which arose during Tyler's administration and the use of the Virginia Volunteer Infantry to quell instances of civil unrest. These subject files have been assigned file titles and arranged in an artificial alphabetical order.\n\nSubseries C: Gubernatorial Campaign Canvass, 1897. The files in this subseries consist of political correspondence from contacts in various localities, arising from Tyler's 1897 gubernatorial campaign. Correspondents discuss local political activities, contacts, strategies, and outlooks. Arranged alphabetically by locality, with cities and counties inter-filed.\n\nSubseries D:l Senatorial Campaign Canvass, 1899. Like Subseries III, this subseries contains correspondence from Tyler's local contacts throughout Virginia. The correspondence relates to Tyler's failed United States Senate campaign of 1899, with letters regarding insight into local political affairs and leaders. Arranged alphabetically by locality, with cities and counties inter-filed.\n\nSubseries E: General political correspondence, 1870-1923. This subseries contains an extensive collection of Tyler's political correspondence. The letters originate from contacts throughout Virginia and beyond and relate to political activities and questions of the day (particularly bi-metallism in the late 19th century). The subseries also contains correspondence arising from Tyler's several political campaigns prior to 1897. (In these earlier contests, the correspondence was not sorted according to locality, but like the letters from those campaigns, these provide details on local political sentiments and leaders during the time period.) Letters relating to the 1897 and 1899 campaigns but not tied to any particular Virginia locality may also be found here, as may correspondence originating during Tyler's gubernatorial administration but not, for whatever reason, bound with the executive letter books. Apart from letters addressing the period's political questions, the letters also span the wide range of routine matters which one might expect to occupy the chief executive's time: invitations to address organizations, requests for personal favors, and pleas on behalf of prisoners. The political correspondence continues past Tyler's gubernatorial term, as he remained active in party politics and flirted with the idea of again running for office. Arranged chronologically, with copies of just a few pieces of Tyler's outgoing correspondences inter-filed with the incoming correspondence.\n\nSubseries F: Speeches, 1877-1907. Contained in this subseries is a collection of materials relating to political speeches delivered by Tyler. The speech drafts are largely undated and fairly illegible. Drafts of other speeches by Tyler may be found in Series II, Subseries VII and in Series III, Subseries II. Arranged chronologically.\n\nSubseries G: Printed Materials, 1874-1922. This subseries contains a number of pamphlets and speech texts relating to numerous state and political issues, particularly Virginia's state debt and the controversy over bi-metallism. Also relating to politics, particularly various political races, is a collection of newspaper clippings. The subseries also includes a few political broadsides and flyers, announcing such things as slates of political speakers. Arranged by document type.\n\nSubseries H: General Materials, 1865-1901. Completing the series, this small subseries contains materials relating to the 1889 Virginia Democratic Convention, various voter contact lists from 1899, Tyler's notebook from that same campaign, notebooks containing the names of Virginia notaries public and commissioners of deeds, and some miscellaneous political notes made by Tyler. Arranged by document type, then chronologically. \n\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e","\u003cblockquote\u003eSubseries A: Presbyterian Church, 1866-1925. This subseries contains materials relating to Tyler's involvement in the Presbyterian Church, both locally and nationally, through his service as a church elder and his position on the boards of the Union Theological Seminary and the Synodical Orphans Home in Lynchburg, Virginia. Correspondence within the subseries relates to these activities and to Tyler's involvement with other church-related educational institutions within Virginia, the temperance movement, and participation in various church councils. The subseries also includes drafts of various church-related addresses made by Tyler, as well as printed material and ephemera. Also included are two unidentified church record books, probably from Radford Presbyterian Church. Arranged by document type.\n\nSubseries B: Genealogy, 1876-1948. The materials in this subseries relate to J. Hoge Tyler's interest in his family's history, including the Hoge, Tyler and other extended family lines. The subseries includes letters from other genealogists, as well as two genealogy manuscripts by Tyler and a collection of family history-related newspaper clippings and notes. Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries C: General Correspondence, 1860-1924. This subseries contains the uncategorized personal correspondence of J. Hoge Tyler. The correspondence relates to many of Tyler's wide-ranging interests, so many of the letters contain references to politics and business activities. Included among the correspondence are requests for Tyler to use his influence on behalf of relatives and acquaintances, as well letters relating to his involvement with the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. A large percentage of the letters here are from members of Tyler's large extended family. (Invitations received by the Tylers may be found in Subseries VII, and letters received from his children may be found in the various series devoted to each offspring.) The subseries contains a relatively small number of drafts of Tyler's outgoing correspondence, arranged chronologically. Incoming correspondence has been arranged alphabetically by surname.\n\nSubseries D: Sue Hammet Tyler Papers, 1865-1927. This subseries contains the correspondence of Sue Hammet Tyler, wife of J. Hoge Tyler. The correspondence is overwhelmingly personal in nature, though some of the letters touch upon Governor Tyler's political and business interests. Included here are letters written by Mrs. Tyler to her husband, children and others. Among the incoming letters are letters from extended family members, including the Heths, Prestons, Capertons and others. Also included among the incoming correspondence are the many letters of condolence she received upon the governor's death. (For a set of farm operation reports made to Mrs. Tyler, see Series III, Subseries II.)\n\nSubseries E: Scrapbooks, 1871-1925. The first two scrapbooks in this series, devoted entirely to newspaper clippings and covering the years 1871-1900, are invaluable in tracking Tyler's political career, containing as they do articles, editorials, letters to the editor, texts from speeches, and articles about his activities, campaigns and gubernatorial administration. The third scrapbook (1901-1919) details the latter part of Tyler's term as governor, while the remainder is devoted to his later political activities and to personal activities and interests. A fourth scrapbook features newspaper articles and tributes following Tyler's death (pasted in a ledger containing minutes (1896-1898) of the finance committee of an unidentified organization (possibly the Radford Trust Company)). The subseries also contains a number of loose items which were removed from scrapbooks 1-3. The four scrapbooks are arranged chronologically, with the loose materials completing the subseries.\n\nSubseries F: Printed Materials, 1887-1929. The printed materials included in this subseries relate to a wide range of Tyler's personal interests. Included are texts of speeches by others; several pamphlets regarding European railways; a booklet from the 1900 reunion of the Army of the Potomac; an 1888 promotional publication for Radford, Virginia; an 1899 issue of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Goodson Gazette\u003c/title\u003e (published by the Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind); and a copy of the Radford newspaper detailing Tyler's death. The subseries also contains a collection of newspaper clippings which include poetry, obituaries and articles of general interest.\n\nSubseries G: General materials, 1868-1926. Contained within this subseries are other personal papers of the Tylers that did not belong in other subseries. Included here is a file of third-party correspondence belonging to individuals not represented elsewhere in the collection, including letters written by James Hoge, R. S. Hoge, Laura Fitzhugh Preston, Eliza Hoge Tyler, Henry Tyler and others. Also included here are the many invitations and calling cards received by the Tyler family. Tyler's service as food administrator for the Federal Food Administration in Radford and Montgomery County during World War I is represented in a collection of FDA forms and publications. Also included here are drafts of talks delivered by Tyler on a variety of subjects to various schools and organizations. A collection of miscellaneous materials completes the subseries and includes death notices, notes, Tyler's American Red Cross state board certificates, poetry, advertising matter, a broadside announcing the sale of Plumer Memorial Female College, and other ephemera.\n\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e","\u003cblockquote\u003eSubseries A: Business Concerns, 1882-1922. This subseries contains papers originating from the many business ventures in which Tyler engaged but is devoted largely to his Belle Hampton Coal Company and the Radford Development Company. Also of particular interest are a set of ledgers from a store Tyler operated at Belle Hampton. The subseries is arranged alphabetically by name of company, then by document type, then chronologically. (Tyler also recorded business transactions in ledgers that had once belonged to members of the Hammet family. These ledgers may be found in Series XI, Subseries I and III.)\n\nSubseries B: Agriculture, 1874-1914. This subseries is devoted to Tyler's short-horn cattle business and other agricultural pursuits. It includes correspondence, cattle pedigrees and registrations. It also includes drafts of speeches delivered before agricultural organizations, business records from his farm, printed materials relating to agriculture and farming implements, and a few miscellaneous documents. (Papers relating to the 1902 Southwest Virginia Livestock Fair, with which Tyler was involved, may be found in Series IX.) Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries C: General Business and Personal Financial Papers, 1862-1923. Within this subseries is correspondence relating to other business activities of J. Hoge Tyler. The correspondence relates to financial transactions, property sales and rentals, the Hammet estate, bank accounts, business proposals (including a proposed railway from Charleston, South Carolina to Radford), letters of introduction, and others arising from Tyler's myriad business interests. The correspondence also includes letters regarding Tyler's household financial matters, including a number of letters regarding renovations to Halwick, the family home. Also relating to routine financial affairs of the household are receipts, account statements, personal checks, and a ledger. Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e","\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSigma Chi Quarterly\u003c/title\u003e","\u003cblockquote\u003eSubseries A: Personal Papers, 1885-1941. Among the personal papers of Stockton Heth Tyler in this subseries is a collection of his correspondence, largely consisting of letters written to other members of the Tyler family. The subseries also contains letters written by his wife and children to their Tyler relatives. Arranged by correspondent, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries B: Spanish-American War Records, 1898-1899. This subseries contains military records retained by Major Stockton Heth Tyler while serving as an additional paymaster in the U. S. Army during the Spanish-American War. The subseries contains various forms relating to pay for individual officers and enlisted personnel in more than 30 different units and includes reimbursement vouchers, pay vouchers, discharge statements, and company payrolls. Also included are records of other paymaster transactions, official correspondence, and a collection of orders from the adjutant general's office. The subseries is arranged by document type, with documents relating to specific individuals or units being arranged alphabetically, while other documents are arranged chronologically. \n\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e","\u003cblockquote\u003eSubseries A: Henry H. and Lily Tyler Wilson Papers, 1889-1954. This subseries includes Lily Tyler Wilson's personal correspondence, largely consisting of letters to other members of the Tyler family. Also among her personal papers are a 1909 diary and a typescript compilation of her poetry. Lily Wilson's interest in the theatre is documented in a scrapbook devoted to the stage stars and productions she had seen, while a second chronicles other general interests. The subseries includes a large number of dance cards, many from events held at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in the early 1900s. Also included here are a file of papers (correspondence and published writings) of Henry H. Wilson, as well as materials relating to Wilson's interest in genealogy and printed materials relating to civil engineering and road construction. Within the subseries may also be found a small set of the couple's legal papers; additional printed materials consisting of religious tracts and newspaper clippings of personal interest; and a folder of miscellaneous materials. Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries B: James Hoge Tyler Wilson Papers, 1918-1950. Comprising this subseries is a small collection of the papers of James Hoge Tyler Wilson (1916-1994), son of Henry H. and Lily Tyler Wilson, graduate of the University of Virginia, World War II Army Air Services pilot, Virginia Tech instructor, and attorney. The subseries consists of two folders of miscellanea, including a devotional book for military personnel and a small selection of correspondence.\n\nSubseries C: Lily Norwood Wilson Papers, 1924-1956. This subseries contains the papers of Lily Norwood Tyler, daughter of Henry H. and Lily Tyler Wilson. Included among the papers is a collection of personal correspondence, as well as a baby book and memorabilia from Wilson's school years (at the Seiler School (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania); St. Catherine's School (Richmond, Virginia); and Episcopal High School (Alexandria, Virginia)) and a 1930s European tour. The subseries also contains event invitations and programs, together with papers relating to the British War Relief Society and Wilson's service as secretary of the Radford, Virginia chapter during the 1930s and 1940s. Also included is a folder of miscellaneous materials containing notes, reports, printed materials and ephemera.\n\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e","\u003cblockquote\u003eSubseries A: William Henry Hammet Papers, 1832-1878. Contained within this small subseries are papers of W. H. Hammet, a Washington County, Mississippi plantation owner and congressman. The subseries includes personal and business correspondence, as well as other business papers, including an account book and account statements, estate documents, and lists of slaves on an unidentified plantation. In addition to the papers is a physician's account book, containing entries from Vicksburg and Lammermoor, Mississippi and dating from 1836 to 1851. (The ledger also contains day book account entries of J. Hoge Tyler from 1881 to 1885). Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries B: Edward Hammet Papers, 1832-1892. This subseries contains the papers of Col. Edward Hammet, a prominent landowner of Radford, Virginia, and heir of William H. Hammet's plantation, Lammermoor, in Mississippi. The series contains papers relating to financial affairs of Lammermoor as well as personal and business correspondence together with legal and financial documents (some of which relate to the lands of John Heavin (Haven) on Plum Creek in Montgomery County, Virginia). Also found here are documents retained by J. Hoge Tyler, acting as executor of Hammet's will. Arranged by subject matter, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries C: James Preston Hammet Papers, 1856-1879. Within this series may be found the papers of James Preston Hammet (son of Edward and Clementina Craig Hammet), Montgomery County, Virginia physician and heir of William H. Hammet's plantation, Lammermoor, in Mississippi. The papers include correspondence relating to personal matters, medical patients, Lammermoor Plantation, and other financial and legal matters. The subseries also includes two pocket diaries containing miscellaneous notes, some seemingly related to the management of Lammermoor Plantation. A separate ledger contains additional records of Lammermoor and appears to document the daily work of the plantation's slaves and freedmen (much of the information in the ledger has been obscured by newspaper clippings relating to Virginia politics later pasted into the book, probably by J. Hoge Tyler). Other papers within the subseries detail the plantation's accounts, including those with freedmen. The subseries also includes papers relating Hammet's other business, legal and personal financial matters. Hammet's medical practice is detailed in two ledgers and a folder of papers containing account and patient records (including calls on freedmen patients). Arranged by document type, then chronologically.\n\nSubseries D: Isabella Hammet Heth Family Papers, 1861-1913. This subseries contains the letters of Isabella Hammet (\"Belle\") Heth (daughter of Edward and Clementina Craig Hammet) and her husband, Major Stockton Heth. The subseries includes both incoming and outgoing correspondence of both Heths. Divided by correspondent, then arranged chronologically.\n\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1239_c02_c07_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"text":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger","Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger","box 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger","title_ssm":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1853-1881"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1853/1881"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:33:04.182Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4320.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bernard, Thomas Hill, Ledger","title_ssm":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1853-1881"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1853-1881"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2024.093"],"text":["Ms.2024.093","Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger","Agriculture","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The son of Zadock and Mary Bernard, Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905) was an enslaver, farmer, and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. He enslaved seven people, including children, according to the 1850 census, and five people in 1860, according to this collection. During the American Civil War, Bernard enlisted in the Confederate Army with the Virginia Volunteers in Company F of the 57th Infantry Regiment on April 19, 1862, and was discharged on May 20, 1862. He also served as the superintendent of Franklin County schools from 1870 to 1872 and as a judge for Franklin County Court from 1879 to 1883. ","Thomas Hill Bernard married Sarah Annie (Sallie) Eudaily or Endaily (1831-1917) in 1852 in Stokes County, North Carolina, and they had several children, including Walter, Arthur, Zadock, William T., James C., and Mary Bernard (1874-1952). ","External Links:","United States Federal Census, 1850-1900.","Wingfield, Marshall.  Franklin County, Virginia, a history,  p. 139. Berryville, Va.: Chesapeake Book Co., 1964.(Call number: F232.F7 W49 SCUA Large)","Salmon, John S., and Emily J. Salmon.  Franklin County, Virginia, 1786-1986 : A Bicentennial History,  p. 383. Franklin County, Va.: Franklin County Bicentennial Commission, 1993. (Call number: F232.F7 S25 1993 SCUA Large)","\"Thomas H Bernard\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Ex-Judge Bernard\" [obituary],  The Times Dispatch  (Richmond, Va.), April 2, 1905. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at  https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/ , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Mrs. Sallie E. Bernard\" [obituary],  Richmond Times-Dispatch  (Richmond, Va.), March 29, 1917. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at  https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/ , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Sarah Annie Bernard\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278 , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\", in the U.S., Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles, 1861-1865, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555 , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\" in the North Carolina, U.S., Marriage Records, 1741-2011, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548 , accessed October 29, 2024.","The guide to the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was completed in September 2024.","This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard, an enslaver and plantation owner from Franklin County, Virginia. It is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard. The ledger was published in 1852 as a \"Plantation and Farm Instruction, Regulation, Record, Inventory, and Account Book\" in Richmond, Virginia, by J.W. Randolph, a publisher, bookseller, and stationer. There are two advertisements at the beginning of the ledger. After that is a 17-page \"explanation\" that discusses how to run a plantation and how to keep the ledger properly. This also contains a portion about how to treat enslaved people. ","The majority of the book is lined pages with manual entries about farming and other activities starting in 1853 and ending in 1881 for the Big Meadows Plantation with Thomas H. Bernard as manager. Some of the entries were written by his children, including a draft letter to a cousin and information about preaching or attending church. Within the ledger is a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 by Judith Bernard.","On the first page of the manual entries, page 20, an inventory lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The first three were listed as farm laborers and [Banks?] as a blacksmith. Their ages ranged from 28 to 40 and their \"values\" from $200-$400. ","In another entry from 1861 on page 32, Bernard mentions the American Civil War. He wrote, \"The war has started and everyone thinks it won't last a month.\" On the same page is another entry about the war dated 1862, \"I have enlisted in the army of the Confederate States with the VA Volunteers.\" The next page skips to 1871. ","The ledger underwent conservation in 2019 and was rebound. The paper label on the front of the new cover misspells Bernard's last name as \"Brevard.\" The original cover is included in this collection.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905","The material in this collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2024.093"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"creator_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"creators_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in November 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe son of Zadock and Mary Bernard, Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905) was an enslaver, farmer, and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. He enslaved seven people, including children, according to the 1850 census, and five people in 1860, according to this collection. During the American Civil War, Bernard enlisted in the Confederate Army with the Virginia Volunteers in Company F of the 57th Infantry Regiment on April 19, 1862, and was discharged on May 20, 1862. He also served as the superintendent of Franklin County schools from 1870 to 1872 and as a judge for Franklin County Court from 1879 to 1883. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThomas Hill Bernard married Sarah Annie (Sallie) Eudaily or Endaily (1831-1917) in 1852 in Stokes County, North Carolina, and they had several children, including Walter, Arthur, Zadock, William T., James C., and Mary Bernard (1874-1952). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal Links:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnited States Federal Census, 1850-1900.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWingfield, Marshall. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFranklin County, Virginia, a history,\u003c/title\u003e p. 139. Berryville, Va.: Chesapeake Book Co., 1964.(Call number: F232.F7 W49 SCUA Large)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSalmon, John S., and Emily J. Salmon. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFranklin County, Virginia, 1786-1986 : A Bicentennial History,\u003c/title\u003e p. 383. Franklin County, Va.: Franklin County Bicentennial Commission, 1993. (Call number: F232.F7 S25 1993 SCUA Large)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas H Bernard\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Ex-Judge Bernard\" [obituary], \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Times Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e (Richmond, Va.), April 2, 1905. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/\"\u003ehttps://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Mrs. Sallie E. Bernard\" [obituary], \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e (Richmond, Va.), March 29, 1917. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/\"\u003ehttps://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Sarah Annie Bernard\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas H Bernard\", in the U.S., Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles, 1861-1865, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas H Bernard\" in the North Carolina, U.S., Marriage Records, 1741-2011, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The son of Zadock and Mary Bernard, Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905) was an enslaver, farmer, and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. He enslaved seven people, including children, according to the 1850 census, and five people in 1860, according to this collection. During the American Civil War, Bernard enlisted in the Confederate Army with the Virginia Volunteers in Company F of the 57th Infantry Regiment on April 19, 1862, and was discharged on May 20, 1862. He also served as the superintendent of Franklin County schools from 1870 to 1872 and as a judge for Franklin County Court from 1879 to 1883. ","Thomas Hill Bernard married Sarah Annie (Sallie) Eudaily or Endaily (1831-1917) in 1852 in Stokes County, North Carolina, and they had several children, including Walter, Arthur, Zadock, William T., James C., and Mary Bernard (1874-1952). ","External Links:","United States Federal Census, 1850-1900.","Wingfield, Marshall.  Franklin County, Virginia, a history,  p. 139. Berryville, Va.: Chesapeake Book Co., 1964.(Call number: F232.F7 W49 SCUA Large)","Salmon, John S., and Emily J. Salmon.  Franklin County, Virginia, 1786-1986 : A Bicentennial History,  p. 383. Franklin County, Va.: Franklin County Bicentennial Commission, 1993. (Call number: F232.F7 S25 1993 SCUA Large)","\"Thomas H Bernard\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Ex-Judge Bernard\" [obituary],  The Times Dispatch  (Richmond, Va.), April 2, 1905. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at  https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/ , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Mrs. Sallie E. Bernard\" [obituary],  Richmond Times-Dispatch  (Richmond, Va.), March 29, 1917. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at  https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/ , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Sarah Annie Bernard\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278 , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\", in the U.S., Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles, 1861-1865, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555 , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\" in the North Carolina, U.S., Marriage Records, 1741-2011, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548 , accessed October 29, 2024."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853-1881, Ms2024-093, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853-1881, Ms2024-093, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was completed in September 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was completed in September 2024."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard, an enslaver and plantation owner from Franklin County, Virginia. It is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard. The ledger was published in 1852 as a \"Plantation and Farm Instruction, Regulation, Record, Inventory, and Account Book\" in Richmond, Virginia, by J.W. Randolph, a publisher, bookseller, and stationer. There are two advertisements at the beginning of the ledger. After that is a 17-page \"explanation\" that discusses how to run a plantation and how to keep the ledger properly. This also contains a portion about how to treat enslaved people. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the book is lined pages with manual entries about farming and other activities starting in 1853 and ending in 1881 for the Big Meadows Plantation with Thomas H. Bernard as manager. Some of the entries were written by his children, including a draft letter to a cousin and information about preaching or attending church. Within the ledger is a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 by Judith Bernard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn the first page of the manual entries, page 20, an inventory lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The first three were listed as farm laborers and [Banks?] as a blacksmith. Their ages ranged from 28 to 40 and their \"values\" from $200-$400. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn another entry from 1861 on page 32, Bernard mentions the American Civil War. He wrote, \"The war has started and everyone thinks it won't last a month.\" On the same page is another entry about the war dated 1862, \"I have enlisted in the army of the Confederate States with the VA Volunteers.\" The next page skips to 1871. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe ledger underwent conservation in 2019 and was rebound. The paper label on the front of the new cover misspells Bernard's last name as \"Brevard.\" The original cover is included in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard, an enslaver and plantation owner from Franklin County, Virginia. It is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard. The ledger was published in 1852 as a \"Plantation and Farm Instruction, Regulation, Record, Inventory, and Account Book\" in Richmond, Virginia, by J.W. Randolph, a publisher, bookseller, and stationer. There are two advertisements at the beginning of the ledger. After that is a 17-page \"explanation\" that discusses how to run a plantation and how to keep the ledger properly. This also contains a portion about how to treat enslaved people. ","The majority of the book is lined pages with manual entries about farming and other activities starting in 1853 and ending in 1881 for the Big Meadows Plantation with Thomas H. Bernard as manager. Some of the entries were written by his children, including a draft letter to a cousin and information about preaching or attending church. Within the ledger is a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 by Judith Bernard.","On the first page of the manual entries, page 20, an inventory lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The first three were listed as farm laborers and [Banks?] as a blacksmith. Their ages ranged from 28 to 40 and their \"values\" from $200-$400. ","In another entry from 1861 on page 32, Bernard mentions the American Civil War. He wrote, \"The war has started and everyone thinks it won't last a month.\" On the same page is another entry about the war dated 1862, \"I have enlisted in the army of the Confederate States with the VA Volunteers.\" The next page skips to 1871. ","The ledger underwent conservation in 2019 and was rebound. The paper label on the front of the new cover misspells Bernard's last name as \"Brevard.\" The original cover is included in this collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3efe15902e23389631e2c75e28b5063a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:33:04.182Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4320.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bernard, Thomas Hill, Ledger","title_ssm":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1853-1881"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1853-1881"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2024.093"],"text":["Ms.2024.093","Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger","Agriculture","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The son of Zadock and Mary Bernard, Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905) was an enslaver, farmer, and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. He enslaved seven people, including children, according to the 1850 census, and five people in 1860, according to this collection. During the American Civil War, Bernard enlisted in the Confederate Army with the Virginia Volunteers in Company F of the 57th Infantry Regiment on April 19, 1862, and was discharged on May 20, 1862. He also served as the superintendent of Franklin County schools from 1870 to 1872 and as a judge for Franklin County Court from 1879 to 1883. ","Thomas Hill Bernard married Sarah Annie (Sallie) Eudaily or Endaily (1831-1917) in 1852 in Stokes County, North Carolina, and they had several children, including Walter, Arthur, Zadock, William T., James C., and Mary Bernard (1874-1952). ","External Links:","United States Federal Census, 1850-1900.","Wingfield, Marshall.  Franklin County, Virginia, a history,  p. 139. Berryville, Va.: Chesapeake Book Co., 1964.(Call number: F232.F7 W49 SCUA Large)","Salmon, John S., and Emily J. Salmon.  Franklin County, Virginia, 1786-1986 : A Bicentennial History,  p. 383. Franklin County, Va.: Franklin County Bicentennial Commission, 1993. (Call number: F232.F7 S25 1993 SCUA Large)","\"Thomas H Bernard\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Ex-Judge Bernard\" [obituary],  The Times Dispatch  (Richmond, Va.), April 2, 1905. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at  https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/ , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Mrs. Sallie E. Bernard\" [obituary],  Richmond Times-Dispatch  (Richmond, Va.), March 29, 1917. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at  https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/ , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Sarah Annie Bernard\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278 , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\", in the U.S., Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles, 1861-1865, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555 , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\" in the North Carolina, U.S., Marriage Records, 1741-2011, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548 , accessed October 29, 2024.","The guide to the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was completed in September 2024.","This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard, an enslaver and plantation owner from Franklin County, Virginia. It is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard. The ledger was published in 1852 as a \"Plantation and Farm Instruction, Regulation, Record, Inventory, and Account Book\" in Richmond, Virginia, by J.W. Randolph, a publisher, bookseller, and stationer. There are two advertisements at the beginning of the ledger. After that is a 17-page \"explanation\" that discusses how to run a plantation and how to keep the ledger properly. This also contains a portion about how to treat enslaved people. ","The majority of the book is lined pages with manual entries about farming and other activities starting in 1853 and ending in 1881 for the Big Meadows Plantation with Thomas H. Bernard as manager. Some of the entries were written by his children, including a draft letter to a cousin and information about preaching or attending church. Within the ledger is a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 by Judith Bernard.","On the first page of the manual entries, page 20, an inventory lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The first three were listed as farm laborers and [Banks?] as a blacksmith. Their ages ranged from 28 to 40 and their \"values\" from $200-$400. ","In another entry from 1861 on page 32, Bernard mentions the American Civil War. He wrote, \"The war has started and everyone thinks it won't last a month.\" On the same page is another entry about the war dated 1862, \"I have enlisted in the army of the Confederate States with the VA Volunteers.\" The next page skips to 1871. ","The ledger underwent conservation in 2019 and was rebound. The paper label on the front of the new cover misspells Bernard's last name as \"Brevard.\" The original cover is included in this collection.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905","The material in this collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2024.093"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"creator_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"creators_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in November 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe son of Zadock and Mary Bernard, Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905) was an enslaver, farmer, and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. He enslaved seven people, including children, according to the 1850 census, and five people in 1860, according to this collection. During the American Civil War, Bernard enlisted in the Confederate Army with the Virginia Volunteers in Company F of the 57th Infantry Regiment on April 19, 1862, and was discharged on May 20, 1862. He also served as the superintendent of Franklin County schools from 1870 to 1872 and as a judge for Franklin County Court from 1879 to 1883. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThomas Hill Bernard married Sarah Annie (Sallie) Eudaily or Endaily (1831-1917) in 1852 in Stokes County, North Carolina, and they had several children, including Walter, Arthur, Zadock, William T., James C., and Mary Bernard (1874-1952). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal Links:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnited States Federal Census, 1850-1900.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWingfield, Marshall. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFranklin County, Virginia, a history,\u003c/title\u003e p. 139. Berryville, Va.: Chesapeake Book Co., 1964.(Call number: F232.F7 W49 SCUA Large)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSalmon, John S., and Emily J. Salmon. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFranklin County, Virginia, 1786-1986 : A Bicentennial History,\u003c/title\u003e p. 383. Franklin County, Va.: Franklin County Bicentennial Commission, 1993. (Call number: F232.F7 S25 1993 SCUA Large)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas H Bernard\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Ex-Judge Bernard\" [obituary], \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Times Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e (Richmond, Va.), April 2, 1905. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/\"\u003ehttps://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Mrs. Sallie E. Bernard\" [obituary], \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e (Richmond, Va.), March 29, 1917. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/\"\u003ehttps://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Sarah Annie Bernard\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas H Bernard\", in the U.S., Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles, 1861-1865, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas H Bernard\" in the North Carolina, U.S., Marriage Records, 1741-2011, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The son of Zadock and Mary Bernard, Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905) was an enslaver, farmer, and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. He enslaved seven people, including children, according to the 1850 census, and five people in 1860, according to this collection. During the American Civil War, Bernard enlisted in the Confederate Army with the Virginia Volunteers in Company F of the 57th Infantry Regiment on April 19, 1862, and was discharged on May 20, 1862. He also served as the superintendent of Franklin County schools from 1870 to 1872 and as a judge for Franklin County Court from 1879 to 1883. ","Thomas Hill Bernard married Sarah Annie (Sallie) Eudaily or Endaily (1831-1917) in 1852 in Stokes County, North Carolina, and they had several children, including Walter, Arthur, Zadock, William T., James C., and Mary Bernard (1874-1952). ","External Links:","United States Federal Census, 1850-1900.","Wingfield, Marshall.  Franklin County, Virginia, a history,  p. 139. Berryville, Va.: Chesapeake Book Co., 1964.(Call number: F232.F7 W49 SCUA Large)","Salmon, John S., and Emily J. Salmon.  Franklin County, Virginia, 1786-1986 : A Bicentennial History,  p. 383. Franklin County, Va.: Franklin County Bicentennial Commission, 1993. (Call number: F232.F7 S25 1993 SCUA Large)","\"Thomas H Bernard\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Ex-Judge Bernard\" [obituary],  The Times Dispatch  (Richmond, Va.), April 2, 1905. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at  https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/ , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Mrs. Sallie E. Bernard\" [obituary],  Richmond Times-Dispatch  (Richmond, Va.), March 29, 1917. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at  https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/ , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Sarah Annie Bernard\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278 , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\", in the U.S., Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles, 1861-1865, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555 , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\" in the North Carolina, U.S., Marriage Records, 1741-2011, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548 , accessed October 29, 2024."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853-1881, Ms2024-093, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853-1881, Ms2024-093, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was completed in September 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was completed in September 2024."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard, an enslaver and plantation owner from Franklin County, Virginia. It is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard. The ledger was published in 1852 as a \"Plantation and Farm Instruction, Regulation, Record, Inventory, and Account Book\" in Richmond, Virginia, by J.W. Randolph, a publisher, bookseller, and stationer. There are two advertisements at the beginning of the ledger. After that is a 17-page \"explanation\" that discusses how to run a plantation and how to keep the ledger properly. This also contains a portion about how to treat enslaved people. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the book is lined pages with manual entries about farming and other activities starting in 1853 and ending in 1881 for the Big Meadows Plantation with Thomas H. Bernard as manager. Some of the entries were written by his children, including a draft letter to a cousin and information about preaching or attending church. Within the ledger is a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 by Judith Bernard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn the first page of the manual entries, page 20, an inventory lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The first three were listed as farm laborers and [Banks?] as a blacksmith. Their ages ranged from 28 to 40 and their \"values\" from $200-$400. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn another entry from 1861 on page 32, Bernard mentions the American Civil War. He wrote, \"The war has started and everyone thinks it won't last a month.\" On the same page is another entry about the war dated 1862, \"I have enlisted in the army of the Confederate States with the VA Volunteers.\" The next page skips to 1871. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe ledger underwent conservation in 2019 and was rebound. The paper label on the front of the new cover misspells Bernard's last name as \"Brevard.\" The original cover is included in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard, an enslaver and plantation owner from Franklin County, Virginia. It is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard. The ledger was published in 1852 as a \"Plantation and Farm Instruction, Regulation, Record, Inventory, and Account Book\" in Richmond, Virginia, by J.W. Randolph, a publisher, bookseller, and stationer. There are two advertisements at the beginning of the ledger. After that is a 17-page \"explanation\" that discusses how to run a plantation and how to keep the ledger properly. This also contains a portion about how to treat enslaved people. ","The majority of the book is lined pages with manual entries about farming and other activities starting in 1853 and ending in 1881 for the Big Meadows Plantation with Thomas H. Bernard as manager. Some of the entries were written by his children, including a draft letter to a cousin and information about preaching or attending church. Within the ledger is a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 by Judith Bernard.","On the first page of the manual entries, page 20, an inventory lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The first three were listed as farm laborers and [Banks?] as a blacksmith. Their ages ranged from 28 to 40 and their \"values\" from $200-$400. ","In another entry from 1861 on page 32, Bernard mentions the American Civil War. He wrote, \"The war has started and everyone thinks it won't last a month.\" On the same page is another entry about the war dated 1862, \"I have enlisted in the army of the Confederate States with the VA Volunteers.\" The next page skips to 1871. ","The ledger underwent conservation in 2019 and was rebound. The paper label on the front of the new cover misspells Bernard's last name as \"Brevard.\" The original cover is included in this collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3efe15902e23389631e2c75e28b5063a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:33:04.182Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4320.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bernard, Thomas Hill, Ledger","title_ssm":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"title_tesim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1853-1881"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1853-1881"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2024.093"],"text":["Ms.2024.093","Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger","Agriculture","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)","The collection is open for research.","The son of Zadock and Mary Bernard, Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905) was an enslaver, farmer, and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. He enslaved seven people, including children, according to the 1850 census, and five people in 1860, according to this collection. During the American Civil War, Bernard enlisted in the Confederate Army with the Virginia Volunteers in Company F of the 57th Infantry Regiment on April 19, 1862, and was discharged on May 20, 1862. He also served as the superintendent of Franklin County schools from 1870 to 1872 and as a judge for Franklin County Court from 1879 to 1883. ","Thomas Hill Bernard married Sarah Annie (Sallie) Eudaily or Endaily (1831-1917) in 1852 in Stokes County, North Carolina, and they had several children, including Walter, Arthur, Zadock, William T., James C., and Mary Bernard (1874-1952). ","External Links:","United States Federal Census, 1850-1900.","Wingfield, Marshall.  Franklin County, Virginia, a history,  p. 139. Berryville, Va.: Chesapeake Book Co., 1964.(Call number: F232.F7 W49 SCUA Large)","Salmon, John S., and Emily J. Salmon.  Franklin County, Virginia, 1786-1986 : A Bicentennial History,  p. 383. Franklin County, Va.: Franklin County Bicentennial Commission, 1993. (Call number: F232.F7 S25 1993 SCUA Large)","\"Thomas H Bernard\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Ex-Judge Bernard\" [obituary],  The Times Dispatch  (Richmond, Va.), April 2, 1905. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at  https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/ , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Mrs. Sallie E. Bernard\" [obituary],  Richmond Times-Dispatch  (Richmond, Va.), March 29, 1917. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at  https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/ , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Sarah Annie Bernard\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278 , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\", in the U.S., Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles, 1861-1865, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555 , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\" in the North Carolina, U.S., Marriage Records, 1741-2011, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548 , accessed October 29, 2024.","The guide to the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was completed in September 2024.","This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard, an enslaver and plantation owner from Franklin County, Virginia. It is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard. The ledger was published in 1852 as a \"Plantation and Farm Instruction, Regulation, Record, Inventory, and Account Book\" in Richmond, Virginia, by J.W. Randolph, a publisher, bookseller, and stationer. There are two advertisements at the beginning of the ledger. After that is a 17-page \"explanation\" that discusses how to run a plantation and how to keep the ledger properly. This also contains a portion about how to treat enslaved people. ","The majority of the book is lined pages with manual entries about farming and other activities starting in 1853 and ending in 1881 for the Big Meadows Plantation with Thomas H. Bernard as manager. Some of the entries were written by his children, including a draft letter to a cousin and information about preaching or attending church. Within the ledger is a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 by Judith Bernard.","On the first page of the manual entries, page 20, an inventory lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The first three were listed as farm laborers and [Banks?] as a blacksmith. Their ages ranged from 28 to 40 and their \"values\" from $200-$400. ","In another entry from 1861 on page 32, Bernard mentions the American Civil War. He wrote, \"The war has started and everyone thinks it won't last a month.\" On the same page is another entry about the war dated 1862, \"I have enlisted in the army of the Confederate States with the VA Volunteers.\" The next page skips to 1871. ","The ledger underwent conservation in 2019 and was rebound. The paper label on the front of the new cover misspells Bernard's last name as \"Brevard.\" The original cover is included in this collection.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905","The material in this collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2024.093"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"creator_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"creators_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in November 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Slavery -- United States","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Ledgers (account books)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)"],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe son of Zadock and Mary Bernard, Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905) was an enslaver, farmer, and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. He enslaved seven people, including children, according to the 1850 census, and five people in 1860, according to this collection. During the American Civil War, Bernard enlisted in the Confederate Army with the Virginia Volunteers in Company F of the 57th Infantry Regiment on April 19, 1862, and was discharged on May 20, 1862. He also served as the superintendent of Franklin County schools from 1870 to 1872 and as a judge for Franklin County Court from 1879 to 1883. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThomas Hill Bernard married Sarah Annie (Sallie) Eudaily or Endaily (1831-1917) in 1852 in Stokes County, North Carolina, and they had several children, including Walter, Arthur, Zadock, William T., James C., and Mary Bernard (1874-1952). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal Links:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnited States Federal Census, 1850-1900.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWingfield, Marshall. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFranklin County, Virginia, a history,\u003c/title\u003e p. 139. Berryville, Va.: Chesapeake Book Co., 1964.(Call number: F232.F7 W49 SCUA Large)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSalmon, John S., and Emily J. Salmon. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFranklin County, Virginia, 1786-1986 : A Bicentennial History,\u003c/title\u003e p. 383. Franklin County, Va.: Franklin County Bicentennial Commission, 1993. (Call number: F232.F7 S25 1993 SCUA Large)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas H Bernard\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Ex-Judge Bernard\" [obituary], \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Times Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e (Richmond, Va.), April 2, 1905. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/\"\u003ehttps://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Mrs. Sallie E. Bernard\" [obituary], \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e (Richmond, Va.), March 29, 1917. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/\"\u003ehttps://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Sarah Annie Bernard\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas H Bernard\", in the U.S., Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles, 1861-1865, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Thomas H Bernard\" in the North Carolina, U.S., Marriage Records, 1741-2011, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 29, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The son of Zadock and Mary Bernard, Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905) was an enslaver, farmer, and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. He enslaved seven people, including children, according to the 1850 census, and five people in 1860, according to this collection. During the American Civil War, Bernard enlisted in the Confederate Army with the Virginia Volunteers in Company F of the 57th Infantry Regiment on April 19, 1862, and was discharged on May 20, 1862. He also served as the superintendent of Franklin County schools from 1870 to 1872 and as a judge for Franklin County Court from 1879 to 1883. ","Thomas Hill Bernard married Sarah Annie (Sallie) Eudaily or Endaily (1831-1917) in 1852 in Stokes County, North Carolina, and they had several children, including Walter, Arthur, Zadock, William T., James C., and Mary Bernard (1874-1952). ","External Links:","United States Federal Census, 1850-1900.","Wingfield, Marshall.  Franklin County, Virginia, a history,  p. 139. Berryville, Va.: Chesapeake Book Co., 1964.(Call number: F232.F7 W49 SCUA Large)","Salmon, John S., and Emily J. Salmon.  Franklin County, Virginia, 1786-1986 : A Bicentennial History,  p. 383. Franklin County, Va.: Franklin County Bicentennial Commission, 1993. (Call number: F232.F7 S25 1993 SCUA Large)","\"Thomas H Bernard\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6711029/thomas-h-bernard , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Ex-Judge Bernard\" [obituary],  The Times Dispatch  (Richmond, Va.), April 2, 1905. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at  https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1905-04-02/ed-1/seq-18/ , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Mrs. Sallie E. Bernard\" [obituary],  Richmond Times-Dispatch  (Richmond, Va.), March 29, 1917. Available online from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers by the Library of Congress at  https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-03-29/ed-1/seq-3/ , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Sarah Annie Bernard\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/554387:9278 , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\", in the U.S., Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles, 1861-1865, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/124460:1555 , accessed October 29, 2024.","\"Thomas H Bernard\" in the North Carolina, U.S., Marriage Records, 1741-2011, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/5573721:60548 , accessed October 29, 2024."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853-1881, Ms2024-093, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger, 1853-1881, Ms2024-093, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was completed in September 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Hill Bernard Ledger was completed in September 2024."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard, an enslaver and plantation owner from Franklin County, Virginia. It is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard. The ledger was published in 1852 as a \"Plantation and Farm Instruction, Regulation, Record, Inventory, and Account Book\" in Richmond, Virginia, by J.W. Randolph, a publisher, bookseller, and stationer. There are two advertisements at the beginning of the ledger. After that is a 17-page \"explanation\" that discusses how to run a plantation and how to keep the ledger properly. This also contains a portion about how to treat enslaved people. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the book is lined pages with manual entries about farming and other activities starting in 1853 and ending in 1881 for the Big Meadows Plantation with Thomas H. Bernard as manager. Some of the entries were written by his children, including a draft letter to a cousin and information about preaching or attending church. Within the ledger is a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 by Judith Bernard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn the first page of the manual entries, page 20, an inventory lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The first three were listed as farm laborers and [Banks?] as a blacksmith. Their ages ranged from 28 to 40 and their \"values\" from $200-$400. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn another entry from 1861 on page 32, Bernard mentions the American Civil War. He wrote, \"The war has started and everyone thinks it won't last a month.\" On the same page is another entry about the war dated 1862, \"I have enlisted in the army of the Confederate States with the VA Volunteers.\" The next page skips to 1871. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe ledger underwent conservation in 2019 and was rebound. The paper label on the front of the new cover misspells Bernard's last name as \"Brevard.\" The original cover is included in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard, an enslaver and plantation owner from Franklin County, Virginia. It is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard. The ledger was published in 1852 as a \"Plantation and Farm Instruction, Regulation, Record, Inventory, and Account Book\" in Richmond, Virginia, by J.W. Randolph, a publisher, bookseller, and stationer. There are two advertisements at the beginning of the ledger. After that is a 17-page \"explanation\" that discusses how to run a plantation and how to keep the ledger properly. This also contains a portion about how to treat enslaved people. ","The majority of the book is lined pages with manual entries about farming and other activities starting in 1853 and ending in 1881 for the Big Meadows Plantation with Thomas H. Bernard as manager. Some of the entries were written by his children, including a draft letter to a cousin and information about preaching or attending church. Within the ledger is a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 by Judith Bernard.","On the first page of the manual entries, page 20, an inventory lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The first three were listed as farm laborers and [Banks?] as a blacksmith. Their ages ranged from 28 to 40 and their \"values\" from $200-$400. ","In another entry from 1861 on page 32, Bernard mentions the American Civil War. He wrote, \"The war has started and everyone thinks it won't last a month.\" On the same page is another entry about the war dated 1862, \"I have enlisted in the army of the Confederate States with the VA Volunteers.\" The next page skips to 1871. ","The ledger underwent conservation in 2019 and was rebound. The paper label on the front of the new cover misspells Bernard's last name as \"Brevard.\" The original cover is included in this collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3efe15902e23389631e2c75e28b5063a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the ledger dated 1853-1881 of Thomas Hill Bernard (1824-1905), an enslaver and manager of Big Meadows Plantation in Franklin County, Virginia. This ledger is also signed by his daughter Mary E. Bernard (1874-1952). The ledger lists the names, occupations, ages, and \"value\" of of five enslaved people: Terry, [Tom?], [Amistead?], James, and [Banks?] The majority of the ledger includes the farming activities of the farm and the daily activities of Bernard and his family, mostly from the 1870s. The ledger also contains a receipt of taxes owed to the Sheriff of Franklin County in 1853 for the plantation signed by Judith Bernard."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Bernard, Thomas Hill, 1824-1905"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:33:04.182Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4320"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2127","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Thomas Morris Burns Letters","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2127#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Burns, Thomas Morris","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2127#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Letters written to family members by Thomas Morris Burns of Richmond, Ohio, a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry during the American Civil War. Also contains two photographs of Burns and a letter from John B. McCarel, also of the 52nd Ohio, to Burns' father.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2127#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2127","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2127","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2127","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2127","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2127.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Burns, Thomas Morris Letters","title_ssm":["Thomas Morris Burns Letters"],"title_tesim":["Thomas Morris Burns Letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1896"," (bulk dates 1862-1865)"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":[" (bulk dates 1862-1865)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1896"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2000.087"],"text":["Ms.2000.087","Thomas Morris Burns Letters","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","Thomas Morris Burns, son of Thomas and Sarah Smith Burns, was born in Richmond, Ohio on October 3, 1843. The 1850 federal census records 16-year-old Thomas living in the Jefferson County, Ohio home of his parents, together with presumed siblings Elizabeth (20), Catharine (18), James (14), Mary Ann (12), John W. (9), and Harriet A. [Harriet Amanda] (3). On August 18, 1862, Burns enlisted as a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry. He remained with the regiment through the war before being discharged at the mustering out of his regiment on June 3, 1865. Burns married Anna Bentz (1849-1929), a native of Pennsylvania, ca. 1870; the couple would have eight children. By the time of the 1880 federal census, the Burnses were living in Richmond, Ohio, with children May (9), Elizabeth (7), Herbert (5), Kate (2), and Melissa (6 months). Working as a painter and marble-cutter, Burns moved with his family to Steubenville, Ohio, ca. 1891. The 1900 census lists them among the residents of Steubenville, with the household including Burns children Hattie M. (29), Sarah E. (27), Nellie (20), Florella (16), John F. (11), and Edith V. (7). Thomas Morris Burns died in Steubenville, Ohio, on July 20, 1908, and was buried in Union Cemetery, Steubenville. ","The 52nd Ohio Infantry was organized and mustered into service at Camp Dennison, Ohio in August, 1862, under commander Colonel Daniel McCook, Jr. After participating in the Battle of Perryville, Kentucky (October 8, 1862), the regiment marched to Nashville, remaining there until the following March. From March to May, 1863, the regiment remained at nearby Brentwood, then moved to Murfreesboro in June before returning to Nashville the following month. The 52nd participated in the Battle of Chickamauga (September 19-21, 1863) then moved to Lookout Valley before marching to Knoxville. From May to September 1864, the regiment participated in the Atlanta Campaign and in Sherman's March to the Sea in November/December, then in the Campaign of the Carolinas during the spring of 1865. The regiment marched to Washington, D.C. and particpated in the Grand Review before being mustered out of federal service on June 3.","The guide to the Thomas Morris Burns Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Morris Burns Letters commenced and was completed in January 2022.","This collection contains letters written by Thomas Morris Burns, of Richmond, Ohio, a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry during the American Civil War. Most of the letters were written to Burns' father, Thomas Burns, with several others written to his sisters Amanda (Harriet Amanda) and Lib, and one to brother John W. Burns. The letters commence just days after Burns' enlistment at Camp Dennison, Ohio. Burns provides details of the regiment's camp life, food and clothing rations, drilling, and picketing, and foraging, while describing weather conditions and surroundings. He also discusses personal matters, describing his health and relaying news of mutual acquaintances, including battle casualties, captives, discharges, and deserters. He shares and dispels war rumors and requests food, clothing, and other goods from home. Among the military engagements described by Burns are the Battle of Perryville (where he claimed he had seen a woman serving as a major in a cavalry unit)(Oct. 16, 1872), the defense of an ammunition train against Confederate attack near the Battle of Stones River (Jan. 10, 1863); the Battle of Chickamauga (Sept. 28, 1863); skirmishing at Tunnel Hill (May 23, 1864) and Dallas (June 2, 1864), Georgia; Battle of Kennesaw Mountain (July 9, 1864); Battle of Peachtree Creek (July 20 and July 23, 1864). Other notable points of discussion in Burns' letters include the frequency of accidental fires in camp (Feb. 21, 1863); Nashville's Ackland house (Feb. 21 and June 7, 1863); description of a three-cornered fortification (May 14, 1863); the killing of a sutler with the 86th Illinois (May 14, 1863); the reprieve of a deserter slated for execution (June 24, 1863); the celebration of Independence Day in camp (July 11, 1863); the John Hunt Morgan raid (June-Aug. 1863); snakes and scorpions in camp (Sept. 9, 1863); the presence and capture of a woman doctor serving with the brigade (Mar. 17; Apr. 23; and Sept. 16, 1864); trading between the lines (July 9, 1864); a description of Atlanta's devastation and marching prisoners of war through the city (Sept. 6, 1864); the 1864 presidential campaign and election (Sept. 16 and Nov. 11, 1864); the death of John McCarel (Sept. 21, 1864); preparations for the March to the Sea (Nov. 5, 1864); Union prisoners taking a Confederate oath of allegiance (Dec. 16, 1864). He also makes frequent mention of commander Daniel McCook; Copperheads; the effect of the draft at home; friends in the 40th Ohio Infantry; and packages of provisions from home. One letter (Feb. 3, 1865) is written on U. S. Christian Commission stationery; another (Mar. 12, 1865) on Chatham Artillery stationery; several others are written on stationery bearing patriotic illustrations. The collection also contains several empty envelopes and two letter fragments that could not be matched with the letters in the collection. (Note: Burns omitted the year when dating many of his letters, but because he provided locations and days of the week, the years of the letters can be determined with confidence.)","Also among the letters is a single letter to Burns' father from John B. McCarel, also of Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry, written from Nashville on June 20, 1863. Burns writes of Ohio Copperheads and \"butternuts,\" threatening retribution for their disloyalty, then describes the Union camp and fortifications at Nashville.","Also found in the collection are two reproduced photographs: one, a studio portrait of Thomas Morris Burns, Harold Burns, and Herbert Bentz Burns; the other, a group of veterans of Company G, 52nd Ohio at an 1896 reunion in Smithfield, Ohio.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Letters written to family members by Thomas Morris Burns of Richmond, Ohio, a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry during the American Civil War. Also contains two photographs of Burns and a letter from John B. McCarel, also of the 52nd Ohio, to Burns' father.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Burns, Thomas Morris","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2000.087"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas Morris Burns Letters"],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas Morris Burns Letters"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Morris Burns Letters"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Burns, Thomas Morris"],"creator_ssim":["Burns, Thomas Morris"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Burns, Thomas Morris"],"creators_ssim":["Burns, Thomas Morris"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Thomas Morris Burns Letters were put on deposit in Special Collections and University Archives in 2000. The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas Morris Burns, son of Thomas and Sarah Smith Burns, was born in Richmond, Ohio on October 3, 1843. The 1850 federal census records 16-year-old Thomas living in the Jefferson County, Ohio home of his parents, together with presumed siblings Elizabeth (20), Catharine (18), James (14), Mary Ann (12), John W. (9), and Harriet A. [Harriet Amanda] (3). On August 18, 1862, Burns enlisted as a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry. He remained with the regiment through the war before being discharged at the mustering out of his regiment on June 3, 1865. Burns married Anna Bentz (1849-1929), a native of Pennsylvania, ca. 1870; the couple would have eight children. By the time of the 1880 federal census, the Burnses were living in Richmond, Ohio, with children May (9), Elizabeth (7), Herbert (5), Kate (2), and Melissa (6 months). Working as a painter and marble-cutter, Burns moved with his family to Steubenville, Ohio, ca. 1891. The 1900 census lists them among the residents of Steubenville, with the household including Burns children Hattie M. (29), Sarah E. (27), Nellie (20), Florella (16), John F. (11), and Edith V. (7). Thomas Morris Burns died in Steubenville, Ohio, on July 20, 1908, and was buried in Union Cemetery, Steubenville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe 52nd Ohio Infantry was organized and mustered into service at Camp Dennison, Ohio in August, 1862, under commander Colonel Daniel McCook, Jr. After participating in the Battle of Perryville, Kentucky (October 8, 1862), the regiment marched to Nashville, remaining there until the following March. From March to May, 1863, the regiment remained at nearby Brentwood, then moved to Murfreesboro in June before returning to Nashville the following month. The 52nd participated in the Battle of Chickamauga (September 19-21, 1863) then moved to Lookout Valley before marching to Knoxville. From May to September 1864, the regiment participated in the Atlanta Campaign and in Sherman's March to the Sea in November/December, then in the Campaign of the Carolinas during the spring of 1865. The regiment marched to Washington, D.C. and particpated in the Grand Review before being mustered out of federal service on June 3.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas Morris Burns, son of Thomas and Sarah Smith Burns, was born in Richmond, Ohio on October 3, 1843. The 1850 federal census records 16-year-old Thomas living in the Jefferson County, Ohio home of his parents, together with presumed siblings Elizabeth (20), Catharine (18), James (14), Mary Ann (12), John W. (9), and Harriet A. [Harriet Amanda] (3). On August 18, 1862, Burns enlisted as a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry. He remained with the regiment through the war before being discharged at the mustering out of his regiment on June 3, 1865. Burns married Anna Bentz (1849-1929), a native of Pennsylvania, ca. 1870; the couple would have eight children. By the time of the 1880 federal census, the Burnses were living in Richmond, Ohio, with children May (9), Elizabeth (7), Herbert (5), Kate (2), and Melissa (6 months). Working as a painter and marble-cutter, Burns moved with his family to Steubenville, Ohio, ca. 1891. The 1900 census lists them among the residents of Steubenville, with the household including Burns children Hattie M. (29), Sarah E. (27), Nellie (20), Florella (16), John F. (11), and Edith V. (7). Thomas Morris Burns died in Steubenville, Ohio, on July 20, 1908, and was buried in Union Cemetery, Steubenville. ","The 52nd Ohio Infantry was organized and mustered into service at Camp Dennison, Ohio in August, 1862, under commander Colonel Daniel McCook, Jr. After participating in the Battle of Perryville, Kentucky (October 8, 1862), the regiment marched to Nashville, remaining there until the following March. From March to May, 1863, the regiment remained at nearby Brentwood, then moved to Murfreesboro in June before returning to Nashville the following month. The 52nd participated in the Battle of Chickamauga (September 19-21, 1863) then moved to Lookout Valley before marching to Knoxville. From May to September 1864, the regiment participated in the Atlanta Campaign and in Sherman's March to the Sea in November/December, then in the Campaign of the Carolinas during the spring of 1865. The regiment marched to Washington, D.C. and particpated in the Grand Review before being mustered out of federal service on June 3."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Thomas Morris Burns Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Thomas Morris Burns Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Morris Burns Letters, Ms2000-087, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Morris Burns Letters, Ms2000-087, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Morris Burns Letters commenced and was completed in January 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Morris Burns Letters commenced and was completed in January 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains letters written by Thomas Morris Burns, of Richmond, Ohio, a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry during the American Civil War. Most of the letters were written to Burns' father, Thomas Burns, with several others written to his sisters Amanda (Harriet Amanda) and Lib, and one to brother John W. Burns. The letters commence just days after Burns' enlistment at Camp Dennison, Ohio. Burns provides details of the regiment's camp life, food and clothing rations, drilling, and picketing, and foraging, while describing weather conditions and surroundings. He also discusses personal matters, describing his health and relaying news of mutual acquaintances, including battle casualties, captives, discharges, and deserters. He shares and dispels war rumors and requests food, clothing, and other goods from home. Among the military engagements described by Burns are the Battle of Perryville (where he claimed he had seen a woman serving as a major in a cavalry unit)(Oct. 16, 1872), the defense of an ammunition train against Confederate attack near the Battle of Stones River (Jan. 10, 1863); the Battle of Chickamauga (Sept. 28, 1863); skirmishing at Tunnel Hill (May 23, 1864) and Dallas (June 2, 1864), Georgia; Battle of Kennesaw Mountain (July 9, 1864); Battle of Peachtree Creek (July 20 and July 23, 1864). Other notable points of discussion in Burns' letters include the frequency of accidental fires in camp (Feb. 21, 1863); Nashville's Ackland house (Feb. 21 and June 7, 1863); description of a three-cornered fortification (May 14, 1863); the killing of a sutler with the 86th Illinois (May 14, 1863); the reprieve of a deserter slated for execution (June 24, 1863); the celebration of Independence Day in camp (July 11, 1863); the John Hunt Morgan raid (June-Aug. 1863); snakes and scorpions in camp (Sept. 9, 1863); the presence and capture of a woman doctor serving with the brigade (Mar. 17; Apr. 23; and Sept. 16, 1864); trading between the lines (July 9, 1864); a description of Atlanta's devastation and marching prisoners of war through the city (Sept. 6, 1864); the 1864 presidential campaign and election (Sept. 16 and Nov. 11, 1864); the death of John McCarel (Sept. 21, 1864); preparations for the March to the Sea (Nov. 5, 1864); Union prisoners taking a Confederate oath of allegiance (Dec. 16, 1864). He also makes frequent mention of commander Daniel McCook; Copperheads; the effect of the draft at home; friends in the 40th Ohio Infantry; and packages of provisions from home. One letter (Feb. 3, 1865) is written on U. S. Christian Commission stationery; another (Mar. 12, 1865) on Chatham Artillery stationery; several others are written on stationery bearing patriotic illustrations. The collection also contains several empty envelopes and two letter fragments that could not be matched with the letters in the collection. (Note: Burns omitted the year when dating many of his letters, but because he provided locations and days of the week, the years of the letters can be determined with confidence.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso among the letters is a single letter to Burns' father from John B. McCarel, also of Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry, written from Nashville on June 20, 1863. Burns writes of Ohio Copperheads and \"butternuts,\" threatening retribution for their disloyalty, then describes the Union camp and fortifications at Nashville.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso found in the collection are two reproduced photographs: one, a studio portrait of Thomas Morris Burns, Harold Burns, and Herbert Bentz Burns; the other, a group of veterans of Company G, 52nd Ohio at an 1896 reunion in Smithfield, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains letters written by Thomas Morris Burns, of Richmond, Ohio, a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry during the American Civil War. Most of the letters were written to Burns' father, Thomas Burns, with several others written to his sisters Amanda (Harriet Amanda) and Lib, and one to brother John W. Burns. The letters commence just days after Burns' enlistment at Camp Dennison, Ohio. Burns provides details of the regiment's camp life, food and clothing rations, drilling, and picketing, and foraging, while describing weather conditions and surroundings. He also discusses personal matters, describing his health and relaying news of mutual acquaintances, including battle casualties, captives, discharges, and deserters. He shares and dispels war rumors and requests food, clothing, and other goods from home. Among the military engagements described by Burns are the Battle of Perryville (where he claimed he had seen a woman serving as a major in a cavalry unit)(Oct. 16, 1872), the defense of an ammunition train against Confederate attack near the Battle of Stones River (Jan. 10, 1863); the Battle of Chickamauga (Sept. 28, 1863); skirmishing at Tunnel Hill (May 23, 1864) and Dallas (June 2, 1864), Georgia; Battle of Kennesaw Mountain (July 9, 1864); Battle of Peachtree Creek (July 20 and July 23, 1864). Other notable points of discussion in Burns' letters include the frequency of accidental fires in camp (Feb. 21, 1863); Nashville's Ackland house (Feb. 21 and June 7, 1863); description of a three-cornered fortification (May 14, 1863); the killing of a sutler with the 86th Illinois (May 14, 1863); the reprieve of a deserter slated for execution (June 24, 1863); the celebration of Independence Day in camp (July 11, 1863); the John Hunt Morgan raid (June-Aug. 1863); snakes and scorpions in camp (Sept. 9, 1863); the presence and capture of a woman doctor serving with the brigade (Mar. 17; Apr. 23; and Sept. 16, 1864); trading between the lines (July 9, 1864); a description of Atlanta's devastation and marching prisoners of war through the city (Sept. 6, 1864); the 1864 presidential campaign and election (Sept. 16 and Nov. 11, 1864); the death of John McCarel (Sept. 21, 1864); preparations for the March to the Sea (Nov. 5, 1864); Union prisoners taking a Confederate oath of allegiance (Dec. 16, 1864). He also makes frequent mention of commander Daniel McCook; Copperheads; the effect of the draft at home; friends in the 40th Ohio Infantry; and packages of provisions from home. One letter (Feb. 3, 1865) is written on U. S. Christian Commission stationery; another (Mar. 12, 1865) on Chatham Artillery stationery; several others are written on stationery bearing patriotic illustrations. The collection also contains several empty envelopes and two letter fragments that could not be matched with the letters in the collection. (Note: Burns omitted the year when dating many of his letters, but because he provided locations and days of the week, the years of the letters can be determined with confidence.)","Also among the letters is a single letter to Burns' father from John B. McCarel, also of Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry, written from Nashville on June 20, 1863. Burns writes of Ohio Copperheads and \"butternuts,\" threatening retribution for their disloyalty, then describes the Union camp and fortifications at Nashville.","Also found in the collection are two reproduced photographs: one, a studio portrait of Thomas Morris Burns, Harold Burns, and Herbert Bentz Burns; the other, a group of veterans of Company G, 52nd Ohio at an 1896 reunion in Smithfield, Ohio."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_082973bafecd9180d2e18b244338aceb\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eLetters written to family members by Thomas Morris Burns of Richmond, Ohio, a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry during the American Civil War. Also contains two photographs of Burns and a letter from John B. McCarel, also of the 52nd Ohio, to Burns' father.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Letters written to family members by Thomas Morris Burns of Richmond, Ohio, a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry during the American Civil War. Also contains two photographs of Burns and a letter from John B. McCarel, also of the 52nd Ohio, to Burns' father."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Burns, Thomas Morris"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Burns, Thomas Morris"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":90,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:42:02.631Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2127","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2127","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2127","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2127","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2127.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Burns, Thomas Morris Letters","title_ssm":["Thomas Morris Burns Letters"],"title_tesim":["Thomas Morris Burns Letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1896"," (bulk dates 1862-1865)"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":[" (bulk dates 1862-1865)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1896"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2000.087"],"text":["Ms.2000.087","Thomas Morris Burns Letters","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","Thomas Morris Burns, son of Thomas and Sarah Smith Burns, was born in Richmond, Ohio on October 3, 1843. The 1850 federal census records 16-year-old Thomas living in the Jefferson County, Ohio home of his parents, together with presumed siblings Elizabeth (20), Catharine (18), James (14), Mary Ann (12), John W. (9), and Harriet A. [Harriet Amanda] (3). On August 18, 1862, Burns enlisted as a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry. He remained with the regiment through the war before being discharged at the mustering out of his regiment on June 3, 1865. Burns married Anna Bentz (1849-1929), a native of Pennsylvania, ca. 1870; the couple would have eight children. By the time of the 1880 federal census, the Burnses were living in Richmond, Ohio, with children May (9), Elizabeth (7), Herbert (5), Kate (2), and Melissa (6 months). Working as a painter and marble-cutter, Burns moved with his family to Steubenville, Ohio, ca. 1891. The 1900 census lists them among the residents of Steubenville, with the household including Burns children Hattie M. (29), Sarah E. (27), Nellie (20), Florella (16), John F. (11), and Edith V. (7). Thomas Morris Burns died in Steubenville, Ohio, on July 20, 1908, and was buried in Union Cemetery, Steubenville. ","The 52nd Ohio Infantry was organized and mustered into service at Camp Dennison, Ohio in August, 1862, under commander Colonel Daniel McCook, Jr. After participating in the Battle of Perryville, Kentucky (October 8, 1862), the regiment marched to Nashville, remaining there until the following March. From March to May, 1863, the regiment remained at nearby Brentwood, then moved to Murfreesboro in June before returning to Nashville the following month. The 52nd participated in the Battle of Chickamauga (September 19-21, 1863) then moved to Lookout Valley before marching to Knoxville. From May to September 1864, the regiment participated in the Atlanta Campaign and in Sherman's March to the Sea in November/December, then in the Campaign of the Carolinas during the spring of 1865. The regiment marched to Washington, D.C. and particpated in the Grand Review before being mustered out of federal service on June 3.","The guide to the Thomas Morris Burns Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Morris Burns Letters commenced and was completed in January 2022.","This collection contains letters written by Thomas Morris Burns, of Richmond, Ohio, a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry during the American Civil War. Most of the letters were written to Burns' father, Thomas Burns, with several others written to his sisters Amanda (Harriet Amanda) and Lib, and one to brother John W. Burns. The letters commence just days after Burns' enlistment at Camp Dennison, Ohio. Burns provides details of the regiment's camp life, food and clothing rations, drilling, and picketing, and foraging, while describing weather conditions and surroundings. He also discusses personal matters, describing his health and relaying news of mutual acquaintances, including battle casualties, captives, discharges, and deserters. He shares and dispels war rumors and requests food, clothing, and other goods from home. Among the military engagements described by Burns are the Battle of Perryville (where he claimed he had seen a woman serving as a major in a cavalry unit)(Oct. 16, 1872), the defense of an ammunition train against Confederate attack near the Battle of Stones River (Jan. 10, 1863); the Battle of Chickamauga (Sept. 28, 1863); skirmishing at Tunnel Hill (May 23, 1864) and Dallas (June 2, 1864), Georgia; Battle of Kennesaw Mountain (July 9, 1864); Battle of Peachtree Creek (July 20 and July 23, 1864). Other notable points of discussion in Burns' letters include the frequency of accidental fires in camp (Feb. 21, 1863); Nashville's Ackland house (Feb. 21 and June 7, 1863); description of a three-cornered fortification (May 14, 1863); the killing of a sutler with the 86th Illinois (May 14, 1863); the reprieve of a deserter slated for execution (June 24, 1863); the celebration of Independence Day in camp (July 11, 1863); the John Hunt Morgan raid (June-Aug. 1863); snakes and scorpions in camp (Sept. 9, 1863); the presence and capture of a woman doctor serving with the brigade (Mar. 17; Apr. 23; and Sept. 16, 1864); trading between the lines (July 9, 1864); a description of Atlanta's devastation and marching prisoners of war through the city (Sept. 6, 1864); the 1864 presidential campaign and election (Sept. 16 and Nov. 11, 1864); the death of John McCarel (Sept. 21, 1864); preparations for the March to the Sea (Nov. 5, 1864); Union prisoners taking a Confederate oath of allegiance (Dec. 16, 1864). He also makes frequent mention of commander Daniel McCook; Copperheads; the effect of the draft at home; friends in the 40th Ohio Infantry; and packages of provisions from home. One letter (Feb. 3, 1865) is written on U. S. Christian Commission stationery; another (Mar. 12, 1865) on Chatham Artillery stationery; several others are written on stationery bearing patriotic illustrations. The collection also contains several empty envelopes and two letter fragments that could not be matched with the letters in the collection. (Note: Burns omitted the year when dating many of his letters, but because he provided locations and days of the week, the years of the letters can be determined with confidence.)","Also among the letters is a single letter to Burns' father from John B. McCarel, also of Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry, written from Nashville on June 20, 1863. Burns writes of Ohio Copperheads and \"butternuts,\" threatening retribution for their disloyalty, then describes the Union camp and fortifications at Nashville.","Also found in the collection are two reproduced photographs: one, a studio portrait of Thomas Morris Burns, Harold Burns, and Herbert Bentz Burns; the other, a group of veterans of Company G, 52nd Ohio at an 1896 reunion in Smithfield, Ohio.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Letters written to family members by Thomas Morris Burns of Richmond, Ohio, a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry during the American Civil War. Also contains two photographs of Burns and a letter from John B. McCarel, also of the 52nd Ohio, to Burns' father.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Burns, Thomas Morris","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2000.087"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas Morris Burns Letters"],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas Morris Burns Letters"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Morris Burns Letters"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Burns, Thomas Morris"],"creator_ssim":["Burns, Thomas Morris"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Burns, Thomas Morris"],"creators_ssim":["Burns, Thomas Morris"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Thomas Morris Burns Letters were put on deposit in Special Collections and University Archives in 2000. The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas Morris Burns, son of Thomas and Sarah Smith Burns, was born in Richmond, Ohio on October 3, 1843. The 1850 federal census records 16-year-old Thomas living in the Jefferson County, Ohio home of his parents, together with presumed siblings Elizabeth (20), Catharine (18), James (14), Mary Ann (12), John W. (9), and Harriet A. [Harriet Amanda] (3). On August 18, 1862, Burns enlisted as a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry. He remained with the regiment through the war before being discharged at the mustering out of his regiment on June 3, 1865. Burns married Anna Bentz (1849-1929), a native of Pennsylvania, ca. 1870; the couple would have eight children. By the time of the 1880 federal census, the Burnses were living in Richmond, Ohio, with children May (9), Elizabeth (7), Herbert (5), Kate (2), and Melissa (6 months). Working as a painter and marble-cutter, Burns moved with his family to Steubenville, Ohio, ca. 1891. The 1900 census lists them among the residents of Steubenville, with the household including Burns children Hattie M. (29), Sarah E. (27), Nellie (20), Florella (16), John F. (11), and Edith V. (7). Thomas Morris Burns died in Steubenville, Ohio, on July 20, 1908, and was buried in Union Cemetery, Steubenville. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe 52nd Ohio Infantry was organized and mustered into service at Camp Dennison, Ohio in August, 1862, under commander Colonel Daniel McCook, Jr. After participating in the Battle of Perryville, Kentucky (October 8, 1862), the regiment marched to Nashville, remaining there until the following March. From March to May, 1863, the regiment remained at nearby Brentwood, then moved to Murfreesboro in June before returning to Nashville the following month. The 52nd participated in the Battle of Chickamauga (September 19-21, 1863) then moved to Lookout Valley before marching to Knoxville. From May to September 1864, the regiment participated in the Atlanta Campaign and in Sherman's March to the Sea in November/December, then in the Campaign of the Carolinas during the spring of 1865. The regiment marched to Washington, D.C. and particpated in the Grand Review before being mustered out of federal service on June 3.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas Morris Burns, son of Thomas and Sarah Smith Burns, was born in Richmond, Ohio on October 3, 1843. The 1850 federal census records 16-year-old Thomas living in the Jefferson County, Ohio home of his parents, together with presumed siblings Elizabeth (20), Catharine (18), James (14), Mary Ann (12), John W. (9), and Harriet A. [Harriet Amanda] (3). On August 18, 1862, Burns enlisted as a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry. He remained with the regiment through the war before being discharged at the mustering out of his regiment on June 3, 1865. Burns married Anna Bentz (1849-1929), a native of Pennsylvania, ca. 1870; the couple would have eight children. By the time of the 1880 federal census, the Burnses were living in Richmond, Ohio, with children May (9), Elizabeth (7), Herbert (5), Kate (2), and Melissa (6 months). Working as a painter and marble-cutter, Burns moved with his family to Steubenville, Ohio, ca. 1891. The 1900 census lists them among the residents of Steubenville, with the household including Burns children Hattie M. (29), Sarah E. (27), Nellie (20), Florella (16), John F. (11), and Edith V. (7). Thomas Morris Burns died in Steubenville, Ohio, on July 20, 1908, and was buried in Union Cemetery, Steubenville. ","The 52nd Ohio Infantry was organized and mustered into service at Camp Dennison, Ohio in August, 1862, under commander Colonel Daniel McCook, Jr. After participating in the Battle of Perryville, Kentucky (October 8, 1862), the regiment marched to Nashville, remaining there until the following March. From March to May, 1863, the regiment remained at nearby Brentwood, then moved to Murfreesboro in June before returning to Nashville the following month. The 52nd participated in the Battle of Chickamauga (September 19-21, 1863) then moved to Lookout Valley before marching to Knoxville. From May to September 1864, the regiment participated in the Atlanta Campaign and in Sherman's March to the Sea in November/December, then in the Campaign of the Carolinas during the spring of 1865. The regiment marched to Washington, D.C. and particpated in the Grand Review before being mustered out of federal service on June 3."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Thomas Morris Burns Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Thomas Morris Burns Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Morris Burns Letters, Ms2000-087, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas Morris Burns Letters, Ms2000-087, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Morris Burns Letters commenced and was completed in January 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Morris Burns Letters commenced and was completed in January 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains letters written by Thomas Morris Burns, of Richmond, Ohio, a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry during the American Civil War. Most of the letters were written to Burns' father, Thomas Burns, with several others written to his sisters Amanda (Harriet Amanda) and Lib, and one to brother John W. Burns. The letters commence just days after Burns' enlistment at Camp Dennison, Ohio. Burns provides details of the regiment's camp life, food and clothing rations, drilling, and picketing, and foraging, while describing weather conditions and surroundings. He also discusses personal matters, describing his health and relaying news of mutual acquaintances, including battle casualties, captives, discharges, and deserters. He shares and dispels war rumors and requests food, clothing, and other goods from home. Among the military engagements described by Burns are the Battle of Perryville (where he claimed he had seen a woman serving as a major in a cavalry unit)(Oct. 16, 1872), the defense of an ammunition train against Confederate attack near the Battle of Stones River (Jan. 10, 1863); the Battle of Chickamauga (Sept. 28, 1863); skirmishing at Tunnel Hill (May 23, 1864) and Dallas (June 2, 1864), Georgia; Battle of Kennesaw Mountain (July 9, 1864); Battle of Peachtree Creek (July 20 and July 23, 1864). Other notable points of discussion in Burns' letters include the frequency of accidental fires in camp (Feb. 21, 1863); Nashville's Ackland house (Feb. 21 and June 7, 1863); description of a three-cornered fortification (May 14, 1863); the killing of a sutler with the 86th Illinois (May 14, 1863); the reprieve of a deserter slated for execution (June 24, 1863); the celebration of Independence Day in camp (July 11, 1863); the John Hunt Morgan raid (June-Aug. 1863); snakes and scorpions in camp (Sept. 9, 1863); the presence and capture of a woman doctor serving with the brigade (Mar. 17; Apr. 23; and Sept. 16, 1864); trading between the lines (July 9, 1864); a description of Atlanta's devastation and marching prisoners of war through the city (Sept. 6, 1864); the 1864 presidential campaign and election (Sept. 16 and Nov. 11, 1864); the death of John McCarel (Sept. 21, 1864); preparations for the March to the Sea (Nov. 5, 1864); Union prisoners taking a Confederate oath of allegiance (Dec. 16, 1864). He also makes frequent mention of commander Daniel McCook; Copperheads; the effect of the draft at home; friends in the 40th Ohio Infantry; and packages of provisions from home. One letter (Feb. 3, 1865) is written on U. S. Christian Commission stationery; another (Mar. 12, 1865) on Chatham Artillery stationery; several others are written on stationery bearing patriotic illustrations. The collection also contains several empty envelopes and two letter fragments that could not be matched with the letters in the collection. (Note: Burns omitted the year when dating many of his letters, but because he provided locations and days of the week, the years of the letters can be determined with confidence.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso among the letters is a single letter to Burns' father from John B. McCarel, also of Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry, written from Nashville on June 20, 1863. Burns writes of Ohio Copperheads and \"butternuts,\" threatening retribution for their disloyalty, then describes the Union camp and fortifications at Nashville.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso found in the collection are two reproduced photographs: one, a studio portrait of Thomas Morris Burns, Harold Burns, and Herbert Bentz Burns; the other, a group of veterans of Company G, 52nd Ohio at an 1896 reunion in Smithfield, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains letters written by Thomas Morris Burns, of Richmond, Ohio, a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry during the American Civil War. Most of the letters were written to Burns' father, Thomas Burns, with several others written to his sisters Amanda (Harriet Amanda) and Lib, and one to brother John W. Burns. The letters commence just days after Burns' enlistment at Camp Dennison, Ohio. Burns provides details of the regiment's camp life, food and clothing rations, drilling, and picketing, and foraging, while describing weather conditions and surroundings. He also discusses personal matters, describing his health and relaying news of mutual acquaintances, including battle casualties, captives, discharges, and deserters. He shares and dispels war rumors and requests food, clothing, and other goods from home. Among the military engagements described by Burns are the Battle of Perryville (where he claimed he had seen a woman serving as a major in a cavalry unit)(Oct. 16, 1872), the defense of an ammunition train against Confederate attack near the Battle of Stones River (Jan. 10, 1863); the Battle of Chickamauga (Sept. 28, 1863); skirmishing at Tunnel Hill (May 23, 1864) and Dallas (June 2, 1864), Georgia; Battle of Kennesaw Mountain (July 9, 1864); Battle of Peachtree Creek (July 20 and July 23, 1864). Other notable points of discussion in Burns' letters include the frequency of accidental fires in camp (Feb. 21, 1863); Nashville's Ackland house (Feb. 21 and June 7, 1863); description of a three-cornered fortification (May 14, 1863); the killing of a sutler with the 86th Illinois (May 14, 1863); the reprieve of a deserter slated for execution (June 24, 1863); the celebration of Independence Day in camp (July 11, 1863); the John Hunt Morgan raid (June-Aug. 1863); snakes and scorpions in camp (Sept. 9, 1863); the presence and capture of a woman doctor serving with the brigade (Mar. 17; Apr. 23; and Sept. 16, 1864); trading between the lines (July 9, 1864); a description of Atlanta's devastation and marching prisoners of war through the city (Sept. 6, 1864); the 1864 presidential campaign and election (Sept. 16 and Nov. 11, 1864); the death of John McCarel (Sept. 21, 1864); preparations for the March to the Sea (Nov. 5, 1864); Union prisoners taking a Confederate oath of allegiance (Dec. 16, 1864). He also makes frequent mention of commander Daniel McCook; Copperheads; the effect of the draft at home; friends in the 40th Ohio Infantry; and packages of provisions from home. One letter (Feb. 3, 1865) is written on U. S. Christian Commission stationery; another (Mar. 12, 1865) on Chatham Artillery stationery; several others are written on stationery bearing patriotic illustrations. The collection also contains several empty envelopes and two letter fragments that could not be matched with the letters in the collection. (Note: Burns omitted the year when dating many of his letters, but because he provided locations and days of the week, the years of the letters can be determined with confidence.)","Also among the letters is a single letter to Burns' father from John B. McCarel, also of Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry, written from Nashville on June 20, 1863. Burns writes of Ohio Copperheads and \"butternuts,\" threatening retribution for their disloyalty, then describes the Union camp and fortifications at Nashville.","Also found in the collection are two reproduced photographs: one, a studio portrait of Thomas Morris Burns, Harold Burns, and Herbert Bentz Burns; the other, a group of veterans of Company G, 52nd Ohio at an 1896 reunion in Smithfield, Ohio."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_082973bafecd9180d2e18b244338aceb\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eLetters written to family members by Thomas Morris Burns of Richmond, Ohio, a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry during the American Civil War. Also contains two photographs of Burns and a letter from John B. McCarel, also of the 52nd Ohio, to Burns' father.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Letters written to family members by Thomas Morris Burns of Richmond, Ohio, a private in Company G, 52nd Ohio Infantry during the American Civil War. Also contains two photographs of Burns and a letter from John B. McCarel, also of the 52nd Ohio, to Burns' father."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Burns, Thomas Morris"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Burns, Thomas Morris"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":90,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:42:02.631Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2127"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","value":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","hits":1065},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1875\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1875\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A. 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