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Elizabeth Blair Stubb's travel diary for trip from New Orleans to San Francisco, 1891."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1/components#0/components#2","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:04:39.293Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8973","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8973","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8973","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8973","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8973.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Stubbs, William Carter (I)","title_ssm":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I)"],"title_tesim":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1832-1936"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1832-1936"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1832/1936"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I), 1832/1936"],"text":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I), 1832/1936","01/Mss. 39.1 St8","/repositories/2/resources/8973","Alabama--History","Gloucester County (Va.)--Genealogy.","New Orleans (La.)","Genealogy","Gloucester County (Va.)--History","Jamestown Ter-centennial Exposition (1907)","Real estate business--Alabama.","Real estate management","Soil and crop management","Sugar growing--Louisiana.","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks","Receipts (financial records)","Collection is open to all researchers. Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","William Carter Stubbs was a native of Gloucester County, Va. In 1872, he became professor of chemistry at Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Auburn University) and six years later, state chemist of Alabama. He married Elizabeth Saunders Blair. In 1885, Stubbs was made director of Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station, New Orleans. He later became state chemist and geologist of Louisiana. He operated a rental/mortgage business in Alabama and helped with the Stubbs Family businesses in Sassafras, Gloucester County, Virginia. He and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair, were genealogists and published books on their families. Stubbs died in 1924.","Administrative History: William Carter Stubbs was a native of Gloucester County, Va. In 1872, he became professor of chemistry at Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Auburn University) and six years later, state chemist of Alabama. He married Elizabeth Saunders Blair. In 1885, Stubbs was made director of Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station, New Orleans. 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Also includes correspondence from members of the Stubbs, Saunders and Blair families; accounts and correspondence relating to his farm \"Valley Front\" in Gloucester County, Va. and his Alabama farm; his notes on soil and chemical experiments; papers concerning the Louisiana exhibit at Jamestown Tercentennial, 1907; and papers of Elizabeth Saunders Blair Stubbs and Mary Louise Saunders Blair.  Over 8000 items.","Special Collections Research Center","Blair family","Saunders family","Stubbs family","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I), 1832/1936"],"collection_ssim":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I), 1832/1936"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01/Mss. 39.1 St8","/repositories/2/resources/8973"],"unitid_tesim":["01/Mss. 39.1 St8","/repositories/2/resources/8973"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Alabama--History","Gloucester County (Va.)--Genealogy.","New Orleans (La.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Alabama--History","Gloucester County (Va.)--Genealogy.","New Orleans (La.)"],"places_ssim":["Alabama--History","Gloucester County (Va.)--Genealogy.","New Orleans (La.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Blair family","Saunders family","Stubbs family"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Blair family","Saunders family","Stubbs family"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Genealogy","Gloucester County (Va.)--History","Jamestown Ter-centennial Exposition (1907)","Real estate business--Alabama.","Real estate management","Soil and crop management","Sugar growing--Louisiana.","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks","Receipts (financial records)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Genealogy","Gloucester County (Va.)--History","Jamestown Ter-centennial Exposition (1907)","Real estate business--Alabama.","Real estate management","Soil and crop management","Sugar growing--Louisiana.","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks","Receipts (financial records)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["16.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["16.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks","Receipts (financial records)"],"date_range_isim":[1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. 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In 1872, he became professor of chemistry at Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Auburn University) and six years later, state chemist of Alabama. He married Elizabeth Saunders Blair. In 1885, Stubbs was made director of Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station, New Orleans. He later became state chemist and geologist of Louisiana.   He was the Executive Commissioner of the 1907 Jamestown Exposition Commission for the State of Louisiana. He operated a rental/mortgage business in Alabama and helped with the Stubbs Family businesses in Sassafras, Gloucester County, Virginia.  He and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair, were genealogists and published books on their families. Stubbs died in 1924.","William Carter Stubbs was a native of Gloucester County, Va. In 1872, he became professor of chemistry at Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Auburn University) and six years later, state chemist of Alabama. He married Elizabeth Saunders Blair. 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He operated a rental/mortgage business in Alabama and helped with the Stubbs Family businesses in Sassafras, Gloucester County, Virginia.  He and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair, were genealogists and published books on their families. Stubbs died in 1924."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Carter Stubbs Papers (I), Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I), Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnprocessed material processed and added to finding aid in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Unprocessed material processed and added to finding aid in 2016."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also William Carter Stubbs Papers (II), William Carter Stubbs Scrapbook, and the Thomas Jefferson Stubbs Papers, all at Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also William Carter Stubbs Papers (II), William Carter Stubbs Scrapbook, and the Thomas Jefferson Stubbs Papers, all at Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMostly correspondence of and genealogical data, chiefly 1860-1923, collected by William Carter Stubbs and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair Stubbs. 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Christmas List with names and checkmarks, Christmas 1931. List of flowers with note \"List of flowers...GrandMary.\" List of people with notation \"Golden Wedding, 1874, J.E.S. and heading \"List of distant when issued\" with dates beside names. 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List of people's names, Huntsville, entitled \"List of People, Spring Hill August 1852, Mr. James Saunders.\"  List of books by shelves and tables entitled \"Books in Library.\" List of names in alphabetical order, some with check marks."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I), 1832/1936","Family Papers, 1832/1936","Writings by Family Members, 1777/1931","Box 21"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I), 1832/1936","Family Papers, 1832/1936","Writings by Family Members, 1777/1931","Box 21"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1852/1931"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1852, 1874, 1931, undated"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[4],"sort_isi":603,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I), 1832/1936"],"containers_ssim":["Box 21","Folder 2"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. 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List of people's names, Huntsville, entitled \"List of People, Spring Hill August 1852, Mr. James Saunders.\"  List of books by shelves and tables entitled \"Books in Library.\" List of names in alphabetical order, some with check marks."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1/components#1/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:04:39.293Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8973","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8973","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8973","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8973","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8973.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Stubbs, William Carter (I)","title_ssm":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I)"],"title_tesim":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1832-1936"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1832-1936"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1832/1936"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I), 1832/1936"],"text":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I), 1832/1936","01/Mss. 39.1 St8","/repositories/2/resources/8973","Alabama--History","Gloucester County (Va.)--Genealogy.","New Orleans (La.)","Genealogy","Gloucester County (Va.)--History","Jamestown Ter-centennial Exposition (1907)","Real estate business--Alabama.","Real estate management","Soil and crop management","Sugar growing--Louisiana.","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks","Receipts (financial records)","Collection is open to all researchers. Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","William Carter Stubbs was a native of Gloucester County, Va. In 1872, he became professor of chemistry at Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Auburn University) and six years later, state chemist of Alabama. He married Elizabeth Saunders Blair. In 1885, Stubbs was made director of Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station, New Orleans. He later became state chemist and geologist of Louisiana. He operated a rental/mortgage business in Alabama and helped with the Stubbs Family businesses in Sassafras, Gloucester County, Virginia. He and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair, were genealogists and published books on their families. Stubbs died in 1924.","Administrative History: William Carter Stubbs was a native of Gloucester County, Va. In 1872, he became professor of chemistry at Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Auburn University) and six years later, state chemist of Alabama. He married Elizabeth Saunders Blair. In 1885, Stubbs was made director of Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station, New Orleans. He later became state chemist and geologist of Louisiana.   He was the Executive Commissioner of the 1907 Jamestown Exposition Commission for the State of Louisiana. He operated a rental/mortgage business in Alabama and helped with the Stubbs Family businesses in Sassafras, Gloucester County, Virginia.  He and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair, were genealogists and published books on their families. Stubbs died in 1924.","William Carter Stubbs was a native of Gloucester County, Va. In 1872, he became professor of chemistry at Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Auburn University) and six years later, state chemist of Alabama. He married Elizabeth Saunders Blair. In 1885, Stubbs was made director of Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station, New Orleans. He later became state chemist and geologist of Louisiana. He operated a rental/mortgage business in Alabama and helped with the Stubbs Family businesses in Sassafras, Gloucester County, Virginia. He and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair, were genealogists and published books on their families. Stubbs died in 1924.","William Carter Stubbs was a native of Gloucester County, Va. In 1872, he became professor of chemistry at Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Auburn University) and six years later, state chemist of Alabama. He married Elizabeth Saunders Blair. In 1885, Stubbs was made director of Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station, New Orleans. He later became state chemist and geologist of Louisiana.   He was the Executive Commissioner of the 1907 Jamestown Exposition Commission for the State of Louisiana. He operated a rental/mortgage business in Alabama and helped with the Stubbs Family businesses in Sassafras, Gloucester County, Virginia.  He and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair, were genealogists and published books on their families. Stubbs died in 1924.","Unprocessed material processed and added to finding aid in 2016.","See also William Carter Stubbs Papers (II), William Carter Stubbs Scrapbook, and the Thomas Jefferson Stubbs Papers, all at Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Mostly correspondence of and genealogical data, chiefly 1860-1923, collected by William Carter Stubbs and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair Stubbs. Also includes correspondence from members of the Stubbs, Saunders and Blair families; accounts and correspondence relating to his farm \"Valley Front\" in Gloucester County, Va. and his Alabama farm; his notes on soil and chemical experiments; papers concerning the Louisiana exhibit at Jamestown Tercentennial, 1907; and papers of Elizabeth Saunders Blair Stubbs and Mary Louise Saunders Blair.  Over 8000 items.","Special Collections Research Center","Blair family","Saunders family","Stubbs family","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I), 1832/1936"],"collection_ssim":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I), 1832/1936"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01/Mss. 39.1 St8","/repositories/2/resources/8973"],"unitid_tesim":["01/Mss. 39.1 St8","/repositories/2/resources/8973"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Alabama--History","Gloucester County (Va.)--Genealogy.","New Orleans (La.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Alabama--History","Gloucester County (Va.)--Genealogy.","New Orleans (La.)"],"places_ssim":["Alabama--History","Gloucester County (Va.)--Genealogy.","New Orleans (La.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Blair family","Saunders family","Stubbs family"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Blair family","Saunders family","Stubbs family"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Genealogy","Gloucester County (Va.)--History","Jamestown Ter-centennial Exposition (1907)","Real estate business--Alabama.","Real estate management","Soil and crop management","Sugar growing--Louisiana.","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks","Receipts (financial records)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Genealogy","Gloucester County (Va.)--History","Jamestown Ter-centennial Exposition (1907)","Real estate business--Alabama.","Real estate management","Soil and crop management","Sugar growing--Louisiana.","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks","Receipts (financial records)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["16.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["16.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks","Receipts (financial records)"],"date_range_isim":[1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cbioghist altrender=\"Biographical Information\" encodinganalog=\"545$a\"\u003e  William Carter Stubbs was a native of Gloucester County, Va. In 1872, he became professor of chemistry at Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Auburn University) and six years later, state chemist of Alabama. He married Elizabeth Saunders Blair. In 1885, Stubbs was made director of Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station, New Orleans. He later became state chemist and geologist of Louisiana. He operated a rental/mortgage business in Alabama and helped with the Stubbs Family businesses in Sassafras, Gloucester County, Virginia. He and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair, were genealogists and published books on their families. Stubbs died in 1924.\n\n \u003c/bioghist\u003e ","\u003cbioghist altrender=\"Administrative History\" encodinganalog=\"545$b\"\u003e \u003chead\u003eAdministrative History:\u003c/head\u003e William Carter Stubbs was a native of Gloucester County, Va. In 1872, he became professor of chemistry at Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Auburn University) and six years later, state chemist of Alabama. He married Elizabeth Saunders Blair. In 1885, Stubbs was made director of Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station, New Orleans. He later became state chemist and geologist of Louisiana.   He was the Executive Commissioner of the 1907 Jamestown Exposition Commission for the State of Louisiana. He operated a rental/mortgage business in Alabama and helped with the Stubbs Family businesses in Sassafras, Gloucester County, Virginia.  He and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair, were genealogists and published books on their families. Stubbs died in 1924.\n\n \u003c/bioghist\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Carter Stubbs was a native of Gloucester County, Va. In 1872, he became professor of chemistry at Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Auburn University) and six years later, state chemist of Alabama. He married Elizabeth Saunders Blair. In 1885, Stubbs was made director of Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station, New Orleans. He later became state chemist and geologist of Louisiana. He operated a rental/mortgage business in Alabama and helped with the Stubbs Family businesses in Sassafras, Gloucester County, Virginia. He and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair, were genealogists and published books on their families. Stubbs died in 1924.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Carter Stubbs was a native of Gloucester County, Va. In 1872, he became professor of chemistry at Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Auburn University) and six years later, state chemist of Alabama. He married Elizabeth Saunders Blair. In 1885, Stubbs was made director of Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station, New Orleans. He later became state chemist and geologist of Louisiana.   He was the Executive Commissioner of the 1907 Jamestown Exposition Commission for the State of Louisiana. He operated a rental/mortgage business in Alabama and helped with the Stubbs Family businesses in Sassafras, Gloucester County, Virginia.  He and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair, were genealogists and published books on their families. Stubbs died in 1924.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical Information:","Administrative History:"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Carter Stubbs was a native of Gloucester County, Va. In 1872, he became professor of chemistry at Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Auburn University) and six years later, state chemist of Alabama. He married Elizabeth Saunders Blair. In 1885, Stubbs was made director of Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station, New Orleans. He later became state chemist and geologist of Louisiana. He operated a rental/mortgage business in Alabama and helped with the Stubbs Family businesses in Sassafras, Gloucester County, Virginia. He and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair, were genealogists and published books on their families. Stubbs died in 1924.","Administrative History: William Carter Stubbs was a native of Gloucester County, Va. In 1872, he became professor of chemistry at Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Auburn University) and six years later, state chemist of Alabama. He married Elizabeth Saunders Blair. In 1885, Stubbs was made director of Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station, New Orleans. He later became state chemist and geologist of Louisiana.   He was the Executive Commissioner of the 1907 Jamestown Exposition Commission for the State of Louisiana. He operated a rental/mortgage business in Alabama and helped with the Stubbs Family businesses in Sassafras, Gloucester County, Virginia.  He and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair, were genealogists and published books on their families. Stubbs died in 1924.","William Carter Stubbs was a native of Gloucester County, Va. In 1872, he became professor of chemistry at Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Auburn University) and six years later, state chemist of Alabama. He married Elizabeth Saunders Blair. In 1885, Stubbs was made director of Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station, New Orleans. He later became state chemist and geologist of Louisiana. He operated a rental/mortgage business in Alabama and helped with the Stubbs Family businesses in Sassafras, Gloucester County, Virginia. He and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair, were genealogists and published books on their families. Stubbs died in 1924.","William Carter Stubbs was a native of Gloucester County, Va. In 1872, he became professor of chemistry at Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Auburn University) and six years later, state chemist of Alabama. He married Elizabeth Saunders Blair. In 1885, Stubbs was made director of Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station, New Orleans. He later became state chemist and geologist of Louisiana.   He was the Executive Commissioner of the 1907 Jamestown Exposition Commission for the State of Louisiana. He operated a rental/mortgage business in Alabama and helped with the Stubbs Family businesses in Sassafras, Gloucester County, Virginia.  He and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair, were genealogists and published books on their families. Stubbs died in 1924."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Carter Stubbs Papers (I), Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["William Carter Stubbs Papers (I), Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnprocessed material processed and added to finding aid in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Unprocessed material processed and added to finding aid in 2016."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also William Carter Stubbs Papers (II), William Carter Stubbs Scrapbook, and the Thomas Jefferson Stubbs Papers, all at Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also William Carter Stubbs Papers (II), William Carter Stubbs Scrapbook, and the Thomas Jefferson Stubbs Papers, all at Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMostly correspondence of and genealogical data, chiefly 1860-1923, collected by William Carter Stubbs and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair Stubbs. Also includes correspondence from members of the Stubbs, Saunders and Blair families; accounts and correspondence relating to his farm \"Valley Front\" in Gloucester County, Va. and his Alabama farm; his notes on soil and chemical experiments; papers concerning the Louisiana exhibit at Jamestown Tercentennial, 1907; and papers of Elizabeth Saunders Blair Stubbs and Mary Louise Saunders Blair.  Over 8000 items.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Mostly correspondence of and genealogical data, chiefly 1860-1923, collected by William Carter Stubbs and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders Blair Stubbs. Also includes correspondence from members of the Stubbs, Saunders and Blair families; accounts and correspondence relating to his farm \"Valley Front\" in Gloucester County, Va. and his Alabama farm; his notes on soil and chemical experiments; papers concerning the Louisiana exhibit at Jamestown Tercentennial, 1907; and papers of Elizabeth Saunders Blair Stubbs and Mary Louise Saunders Blair.  Over 8000 items."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"famname_ssim":["Blair family","Saunders family","Stubbs family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Blair family","Saunders family","Stubbs family"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Blair family","Saunders family","Stubbs family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":728,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:04:39.293Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8973_c02_c02_c02_c02"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_980","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Writing slate collection, 1860/1940","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_980#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials that document the evolution of the writing slate from stone book slate to native slate blackboards. This includes a slate book with 8 quartz paint pages with attached pencil holder,and another book with pencil holder and 6 quartz painted \"slates\". The cover of one is stamped in black and gold with a school scene and applied litho of two girls playing stick and ball. There is also a 1940 salesman kit with five loose photos of the National School Slate Co. They depict a couple of table top models with and without an abacus and a floor model with a picture scroll at the top. This is accompanied by a tri-fold price list for a vriety of slate and blackboard related products for the National School Slate Co., SLatington, PA.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_980#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_980","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_980","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_980","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_980","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_980.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/120140","title_filing_ssi":"Writing slate collection","title_ssm":["Writing slate collection"],"title_tesim":["Writing slate collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1940"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1940"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1940"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Writing slate collection, 1860/1940"],"text":["Writing slate collection, 1860/1940","MSS 16484","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/980","Writing materials and instruments","Good","This collection is open for research.","\"School Slate Works -- In 1884, E. L. Krauss (sic.) associated with Charles Nelson of New York, in establishing a plant at the western section of Slatington for the manufacture of school slate and black-boards and they carried on business until 1892. The management was subsequently changed several times and carried on until 1907, when Mr. Krause (sic.) and his brother, Arthur H., became the owners and they have since operated it in a successful manor. The plant covers two acres of ground, embraces eight one-story brick buildings and employs from 150 to 200 hands. It is commonly known as the National School Slate Co.\"","The History Committee of the Slatington 125 Celebration's \"Slatington and Surrounding Communities: A Volume of History, 1864-1989\" (Slatington 125 Celebration, 1989) notes that Arthur and E. L. Kraus owned the National School Slate Company until it was purchased by Babyak and Jacob Papay in 1950. The Papay family maintained its interest in the company until 1971.","School slates, individual or blackboard size, are made from a fine grain, soft slate that is darker in color than the light-gray slate used for roofing. After a school slate is split to its desired thickness, its edges are turned up by a small circular saw, face smoothed with a drawing knife and then rubbed with a cloth and fine dust compound, and eventually framed for individual use or utilized as part of a child's toy blackboard. Ruled slates generally were made for export to Continental Europe. If colored crayons were to be used in addition to chalk, one side of the slate was lacquered in white.","In 1941 there were only two school slates companies in the United States -- National School Slate Company and American Slate Works. Both were located in Slatington. National School Slate Company owned its own quarry, the Blue Ridge Quarries. It also purchased slate from other quarries in the region.","By 1941 the American market for school slates had vanished. Most Slatington school slates found their way to Central America, the Netherlands, East Indies, South Africa and South America. American sales focused largely on toy blackboards and bulletin boards sold primarily by chain stores.","Source:\nhttps://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1993-04-18-2922750-story.html\nHARRY L RINKER, THE MORNING CALL","A slate is a thin piece of hard flat material, such as the rock also called slate, that is used as a medium for writing. The rock is \"a metamorphic rock created by the recrystallization of the minerals in shale from clay to parallel-aligned, flat, flake-like minerals such as mica\".","The writing slate consisted of a piece of slate, typically either 4x6 inches or 7x10 inches, encased in a wooden frame.","A slate pencil was used to write on the slate board. It was made from a softer and lighter coloured stone such as shale or chalk.","Usually, a piece of cloth or slate sponge was used to clean it and this was sometimes attached with a string to the bottom of the writing slate.","Slate from 1894, used in Berlin, Germany, currently at the Museum Europäischer Kulturen","The exact origins of the writing slate remain unclear. References to its use can be found in the fourteenth century and evidence suggests that it was used in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The central time period for the writing slate, however, \"appears to begin in the later eighteenth century, when developments in sea and land transport permitted the gradual expansion of slate quarrying in Wales and the growth of a substantial slate workshop industry.\"","By the nineteenth century, writing slates were used around the world in nearly every school and were a central part of the slate industry. At the dawn of the twentieth century, writing slates were the primary tool in the classroom for students. In the 1930s (or later) writing slates began to be replaced by more modern methods.[4] However, writing slates did not become obsolete. They are still made in the twenty-first century, though in small quantities.","The writing slate was sometimes used by industry workers to track goods and by sailors to calculate their geographical location at sea. Sometimes multiple pieces of slate were bound together into a \"book\" and horizontal lines were etched onto the slate surface as a guide for neat handwriting","Source:\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slate_(writing)\nPeter Davies, \"Writing Slates and Schooling\", Australasian Historical Archaeology, Vol. 23 (2005), 63-64.\nRobert N. Pierport, \"Slate Roofing\", APT Bulletin, Vol. 19(2) (1987), 10.","This collection contains materials that document the evolution of the writing slate from stone book slate to native slate blackboards. This includes a slate book with 8 quartz paint pages with attached pencil holder,and another book with pencil holder and 6 quartz painted \"slates\". The cover of one is stamped in black and gold with a school scene and applied litho of two girls playing stick and ball.  There is also a 1940 salesman kit with five loose photos of the National School Slate Co. They depict a couple of table top models with and without an abacus and a floor model with a picture scroll at the top. This is accompanied by a tri-fold price list for a vriety of slate and blackboard related products for the National School Slate Co., SLatington, PA.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Writing slate collection, 1860/1940"],"collection_ssim":["Writing slate collection, 1860/1940"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16484","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/980"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16484","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/980"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Writing materials and instruments"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Writing materials and instruments"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Good"],"extent_ssm":["0.03 Cubic Feet 1 letter sized folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.03 Cubic Feet 1 letter sized folder"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"School Slate Works -- In 1884, E. L. Krauss (sic.) associated with Charles Nelson of New York, in establishing a plant at the western section of Slatington for the manufacture of school slate and black-boards and they carried on business until 1892. The management was subsequently changed several times and carried on until 1907, when Mr. Krause (sic.) and his brother, Arthur H., became the owners and they have since operated it in a successful manor. The plant covers two acres of ground, embraces eight one-story brick buildings and employs from 150 to 200 hands. It is commonly known as the National School Slate Co.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe History Committee of the Slatington 125 Celebration's \"Slatington and Surrounding Communities: A Volume of History, 1864-1989\" (Slatington 125 Celebration, 1989) notes that Arthur and E. L. Kraus owned the National School Slate Company until it was purchased by Babyak and Jacob Papay in 1950. The Papay family maintained its interest in the company until 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSchool slates, individual or blackboard size, are made from a fine grain, soft slate that is darker in color than the light-gray slate used for roofing. After a school slate is split to its desired thickness, its edges are turned up by a small circular saw, face smoothed with a drawing knife and then rubbed with a cloth and fine dust compound, and eventually framed for individual use or utilized as part of a child's toy blackboard. Ruled slates generally were made for export to Continental Europe. If colored crayons were to be used in addition to chalk, one side of the slate was lacquered in white.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1941 there were only two school slates companies in the United States -- National School Slate Company and American Slate Works. Both were located in Slatington. National School Slate Company owned its own quarry, the Blue Ridge Quarries. It also purchased slate from other quarries in the region.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy 1941 the American market for school slates had vanished. Most Slatington school slates found their way to Central America, the Netherlands, East Indies, South Africa and South America. American sales focused largely on toy blackboards and bulletin boards sold primarily by chain stores.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:\nhttps://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1993-04-18-2922750-story.html\nHARRY L RINKER, THE MORNING CALL\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA slate is a thin piece of hard flat material, such as the rock also called slate, that is used as a medium for writing. The rock is \"a metamorphic rock created by the recrystallization of the minerals in shale from clay to parallel-aligned, flat, flake-like minerals such as mica\".\n   \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe writing slate consisted of a piece of slate, typically either 4x6 inches or 7x10 inches, encased in a wooden frame.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA slate pencil was used to write on the slate board. It was made from a softer and lighter coloured stone such as shale or chalk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUsually, a piece of cloth or slate sponge was used to clean it and this was sometimes attached with a string to the bottom of the writing slate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlate from 1894, used in Berlin, Germany, currently at the Museum Europäischer Kulturen\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe exact origins of the writing slate remain unclear. References to its use can be found in the fourteenth century and evidence suggests that it was used in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The central time period for the writing slate, however, \"appears to begin in the later eighteenth century, when developments in sea and land transport permitted the gradual expansion of slate quarrying in Wales and the growth of a substantial slate workshop industry.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy the nineteenth century, writing slates were used around the world in nearly every school and were a central part of the slate industry. At the dawn of the twentieth century, writing slates were the primary tool in the classroom for students. In the 1930s (or later) writing slates began to be replaced by more modern methods.[4] However, writing slates did not become obsolete. They are still made in the twenty-first century, though in small quantities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe writing slate was sometimes used by industry workers to track goods and by sailors to calculate their geographical location at sea. Sometimes multiple pieces of slate were bound together into a \"book\" and horizontal lines were etched onto the slate surface as a guide for neat handwriting\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slate_(writing)\nPeter Davies, \"Writing Slates and Schooling\", Australasian Historical Archaeology, Vol. 23 (2005), 63-64.\nRobert N. Pierport, \"Slate Roofing\", APT Bulletin, Vol. 19(2) (1987), 10.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"School Slate Works -- In 1884, E. L. Krauss (sic.) associated with Charles Nelson of New York, in establishing a plant at the western section of Slatington for the manufacture of school slate and black-boards and they carried on business until 1892. The management was subsequently changed several times and carried on until 1907, when Mr. Krause (sic.) and his brother, Arthur H., became the owners and they have since operated it in a successful manor. The plant covers two acres of ground, embraces eight one-story brick buildings and employs from 150 to 200 hands. It is commonly known as the National School Slate Co.\"","The History Committee of the Slatington 125 Celebration's \"Slatington and Surrounding Communities: A Volume of History, 1864-1989\" (Slatington 125 Celebration, 1989) notes that Arthur and E. L. Kraus owned the National School Slate Company until it was purchased by Babyak and Jacob Papay in 1950. The Papay family maintained its interest in the company until 1971.","School slates, individual or blackboard size, are made from a fine grain, soft slate that is darker in color than the light-gray slate used for roofing. After a school slate is split to its desired thickness, its edges are turned up by a small circular saw, face smoothed with a drawing knife and then rubbed with a cloth and fine dust compound, and eventually framed for individual use or utilized as part of a child's toy blackboard. Ruled slates generally were made for export to Continental Europe. If colored crayons were to be used in addition to chalk, one side of the slate was lacquered in white.","In 1941 there were only two school slates companies in the United States -- National School Slate Company and American Slate Works. Both were located in Slatington. National School Slate Company owned its own quarry, the Blue Ridge Quarries. It also purchased slate from other quarries in the region.","By 1941 the American market for school slates had vanished. Most Slatington school slates found their way to Central America, the Netherlands, East Indies, South Africa and South America. American sales focused largely on toy blackboards and bulletin boards sold primarily by chain stores.","Source:\nhttps://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1993-04-18-2922750-story.html\nHARRY L RINKER, THE MORNING CALL","A slate is a thin piece of hard flat material, such as the rock also called slate, that is used as a medium for writing. The rock is \"a metamorphic rock created by the recrystallization of the minerals in shale from clay to parallel-aligned, flat, flake-like minerals such as mica\".","The writing slate consisted of a piece of slate, typically either 4x6 inches or 7x10 inches, encased in a wooden frame.","A slate pencil was used to write on the slate board. It was made from a softer and lighter coloured stone such as shale or chalk.","Usually, a piece of cloth or slate sponge was used to clean it and this was sometimes attached with a string to the bottom of the writing slate.","Slate from 1894, used in Berlin, Germany, currently at the Museum Europäischer Kulturen","The exact origins of the writing slate remain unclear. References to its use can be found in the fourteenth century and evidence suggests that it was used in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The central time period for the writing slate, however, \"appears to begin in the later eighteenth century, when developments in sea and land transport permitted the gradual expansion of slate quarrying in Wales and the growth of a substantial slate workshop industry.\"","By the nineteenth century, writing slates were used around the world in nearly every school and were a central part of the slate industry. At the dawn of the twentieth century, writing slates were the primary tool in the classroom for students. In the 1930s (or later) writing slates began to be replaced by more modern methods.[4] However, writing slates did not become obsolete. They are still made in the twenty-first century, though in small quantities.","The writing slate was sometimes used by industry workers to track goods and by sailors to calculate their geographical location at sea. Sometimes multiple pieces of slate were bound together into a \"book\" and horizontal lines were etched onto the slate surface as a guide for neat handwriting","Source:\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slate_(writing)\nPeter Davies, \"Writing Slates and Schooling\", Australasian Historical Archaeology, Vol. 23 (2005), 63-64.\nRobert N. Pierport, \"Slate Roofing\", APT Bulletin, Vol. 19(2) (1987), 10."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16484, Writing Slate Collection, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16484, Writing Slate Collection, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials that document the evolution of the writing slate from stone book slate to native slate blackboards. This includes a slate book with 8 quartz paint pages with attached pencil holder,and another book with pencil holder and 6 quartz painted \"slates\". The cover of one is stamped in black and gold with a school scene and applied litho of two girls playing stick and ball.  There is also a 1940 salesman kit with five loose photos of the National School Slate Co. They depict a couple of table top models with and without an abacus and a floor model with a picture scroll at the top. This is accompanied by a tri-fold price list for a vriety of slate and blackboard related products for the National School Slate Co., SLatington, PA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains materials that document the evolution of the writing slate from stone book slate to native slate blackboards. This includes a slate book with 8 quartz paint pages with attached pencil holder,and another book with pencil holder and 6 quartz painted \"slates\". The cover of one is stamped in black and gold with a school scene and applied litho of two girls playing stick and ball.  There is also a 1940 salesman kit with five loose photos of the National School Slate Co. They depict a couple of table top models with and without an abacus and a floor model with a picture scroll at the top. This is accompanied by a tri-fold price list for a vriety of slate and blackboard related products for the National School Slate Co., SLatington, PA."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:27.406Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_980","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_980","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_980","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_980","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_980.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/120140","title_filing_ssi":"Writing slate collection","title_ssm":["Writing slate collection"],"title_tesim":["Writing slate collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1940"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1940"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1940"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Writing slate collection, 1860/1940"],"text":["Writing slate collection, 1860/1940","MSS 16484","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/980","Writing materials and instruments","Good","This collection is open for research.","\"School Slate Works -- In 1884, E. L. Krauss (sic.) associated with Charles Nelson of New York, in establishing a plant at the western section of Slatington for the manufacture of school slate and black-boards and they carried on business until 1892. The management was subsequently changed several times and carried on until 1907, when Mr. Krause (sic.) and his brother, Arthur H., became the owners and they have since operated it in a successful manor. The plant covers two acres of ground, embraces eight one-story brick buildings and employs from 150 to 200 hands. It is commonly known as the National School Slate Co.\"","The History Committee of the Slatington 125 Celebration's \"Slatington and Surrounding Communities: A Volume of History, 1864-1989\" (Slatington 125 Celebration, 1989) notes that Arthur and E. L. Kraus owned the National School Slate Company until it was purchased by Babyak and Jacob Papay in 1950. The Papay family maintained its interest in the company until 1971.","School slates, individual or blackboard size, are made from a fine grain, soft slate that is darker in color than the light-gray slate used for roofing. After a school slate is split to its desired thickness, its edges are turned up by a small circular saw, face smoothed with a drawing knife and then rubbed with a cloth and fine dust compound, and eventually framed for individual use or utilized as part of a child's toy blackboard. Ruled slates generally were made for export to Continental Europe. If colored crayons were to be used in addition to chalk, one side of the slate was lacquered in white.","In 1941 there were only two school slates companies in the United States -- National School Slate Company and American Slate Works. Both were located in Slatington. National School Slate Company owned its own quarry, the Blue Ridge Quarries. It also purchased slate from other quarries in the region.","By 1941 the American market for school slates had vanished. Most Slatington school slates found their way to Central America, the Netherlands, East Indies, South Africa and South America. American sales focused largely on toy blackboards and bulletin boards sold primarily by chain stores.","Source:\nhttps://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1993-04-18-2922750-story.html\nHARRY L RINKER, THE MORNING CALL","A slate is a thin piece of hard flat material, such as the rock also called slate, that is used as a medium for writing. The rock is \"a metamorphic rock created by the recrystallization of the minerals in shale from clay to parallel-aligned, flat, flake-like minerals such as mica\".","The writing slate consisted of a piece of slate, typically either 4x6 inches or 7x10 inches, encased in a wooden frame.","A slate pencil was used to write on the slate board. It was made from a softer and lighter coloured stone such as shale or chalk.","Usually, a piece of cloth or slate sponge was used to clean it and this was sometimes attached with a string to the bottom of the writing slate.","Slate from 1894, used in Berlin, Germany, currently at the Museum Europäischer Kulturen","The exact origins of the writing slate remain unclear. References to its use can be found in the fourteenth century and evidence suggests that it was used in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The central time period for the writing slate, however, \"appears to begin in the later eighteenth century, when developments in sea and land transport permitted the gradual expansion of slate quarrying in Wales and the growth of a substantial slate workshop industry.\"","By the nineteenth century, writing slates were used around the world in nearly every school and were a central part of the slate industry. At the dawn of the twentieth century, writing slates were the primary tool in the classroom for students. In the 1930s (or later) writing slates began to be replaced by more modern methods.[4] However, writing slates did not become obsolete. They are still made in the twenty-first century, though in small quantities.","The writing slate was sometimes used by industry workers to track goods and by sailors to calculate their geographical location at sea. Sometimes multiple pieces of slate were bound together into a \"book\" and horizontal lines were etched onto the slate surface as a guide for neat handwriting","Source:\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slate_(writing)\nPeter Davies, \"Writing Slates and Schooling\", Australasian Historical Archaeology, Vol. 23 (2005), 63-64.\nRobert N. Pierport, \"Slate Roofing\", APT Bulletin, Vol. 19(2) (1987), 10.","This collection contains materials that document the evolution of the writing slate from stone book slate to native slate blackboards. This includes a slate book with 8 quartz paint pages with attached pencil holder,and another book with pencil holder and 6 quartz painted \"slates\". The cover of one is stamped in black and gold with a school scene and applied litho of two girls playing stick and ball.  There is also a 1940 salesman kit with five loose photos of the National School Slate Co. They depict a couple of table top models with and without an abacus and a floor model with a picture scroll at the top. This is accompanied by a tri-fold price list for a vriety of slate and blackboard related products for the National School Slate Co., SLatington, PA.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Writing slate collection, 1860/1940"],"collection_ssim":["Writing slate collection, 1860/1940"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16484","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/980"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16484","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/980"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Writing materials and instruments"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Writing materials and instruments"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Good"],"extent_ssm":["0.03 Cubic Feet 1 letter sized folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.03 Cubic Feet 1 letter sized folder"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"School Slate Works -- In 1884, E. L. Krauss (sic.) associated with Charles Nelson of New York, in establishing a plant at the western section of Slatington for the manufacture of school slate and black-boards and they carried on business until 1892. The management was subsequently changed several times and carried on until 1907, when Mr. Krause (sic.) and his brother, Arthur H., became the owners and they have since operated it in a successful manor. The plant covers two acres of ground, embraces eight one-story brick buildings and employs from 150 to 200 hands. It is commonly known as the National School Slate Co.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe History Committee of the Slatington 125 Celebration's \"Slatington and Surrounding Communities: A Volume of History, 1864-1989\" (Slatington 125 Celebration, 1989) notes that Arthur and E. L. Kraus owned the National School Slate Company until it was purchased by Babyak and Jacob Papay in 1950. The Papay family maintained its interest in the company until 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSchool slates, individual or blackboard size, are made from a fine grain, soft slate that is darker in color than the light-gray slate used for roofing. After a school slate is split to its desired thickness, its edges are turned up by a small circular saw, face smoothed with a drawing knife and then rubbed with a cloth and fine dust compound, and eventually framed for individual use or utilized as part of a child's toy blackboard. Ruled slates generally were made for export to Continental Europe. If colored crayons were to be used in addition to chalk, one side of the slate was lacquered in white.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1941 there were only two school slates companies in the United States -- National School Slate Company and American Slate Works. Both were located in Slatington. National School Slate Company owned its own quarry, the Blue Ridge Quarries. It also purchased slate from other quarries in the region.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy 1941 the American market for school slates had vanished. Most Slatington school slates found their way to Central America, the Netherlands, East Indies, South Africa and South America. American sales focused largely on toy blackboards and bulletin boards sold primarily by chain stores.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:\nhttps://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1993-04-18-2922750-story.html\nHARRY L RINKER, THE MORNING CALL\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA slate is a thin piece of hard flat material, such as the rock also called slate, that is used as a medium for writing. The rock is \"a metamorphic rock created by the recrystallization of the minerals in shale from clay to parallel-aligned, flat, flake-like minerals such as mica\".\n   \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe writing slate consisted of a piece of slate, typically either 4x6 inches or 7x10 inches, encased in a wooden frame.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA slate pencil was used to write on the slate board. It was made from a softer and lighter coloured stone such as shale or chalk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUsually, a piece of cloth or slate sponge was used to clean it and this was sometimes attached with a string to the bottom of the writing slate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlate from 1894, used in Berlin, Germany, currently at the Museum Europäischer Kulturen\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe exact origins of the writing slate remain unclear. References to its use can be found in the fourteenth century and evidence suggests that it was used in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The central time period for the writing slate, however, \"appears to begin in the later eighteenth century, when developments in sea and land transport permitted the gradual expansion of slate quarrying in Wales and the growth of a substantial slate workshop industry.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy the nineteenth century, writing slates were used around the world in nearly every school and were a central part of the slate industry. At the dawn of the twentieth century, writing slates were the primary tool in the classroom for students. In the 1930s (or later) writing slates began to be replaced by more modern methods.[4] However, writing slates did not become obsolete. They are still made in the twenty-first century, though in small quantities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe writing slate was sometimes used by industry workers to track goods and by sailors to calculate their geographical location at sea. Sometimes multiple pieces of slate were bound together into a \"book\" and horizontal lines were etched onto the slate surface as a guide for neat handwriting\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slate_(writing)\nPeter Davies, \"Writing Slates and Schooling\", Australasian Historical Archaeology, Vol. 23 (2005), 63-64.\nRobert N. Pierport, \"Slate Roofing\", APT Bulletin, Vol. 19(2) (1987), 10.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"School Slate Works -- In 1884, E. L. Krauss (sic.) associated with Charles Nelson of New York, in establishing a plant at the western section of Slatington for the manufacture of school slate and black-boards and they carried on business until 1892. The management was subsequently changed several times and carried on until 1907, when Mr. Krause (sic.) and his brother, Arthur H., became the owners and they have since operated it in a successful manor. The plant covers two acres of ground, embraces eight one-story brick buildings and employs from 150 to 200 hands. It is commonly known as the National School Slate Co.\"","The History Committee of the Slatington 125 Celebration's \"Slatington and Surrounding Communities: A Volume of History, 1864-1989\" (Slatington 125 Celebration, 1989) notes that Arthur and E. L. Kraus owned the National School Slate Company until it was purchased by Babyak and Jacob Papay in 1950. The Papay family maintained its interest in the company until 1971.","School slates, individual or blackboard size, are made from a fine grain, soft slate that is darker in color than the light-gray slate used for roofing. After a school slate is split to its desired thickness, its edges are turned up by a small circular saw, face smoothed with a drawing knife and then rubbed with a cloth and fine dust compound, and eventually framed for individual use or utilized as part of a child's toy blackboard. Ruled slates generally were made for export to Continental Europe. If colored crayons were to be used in addition to chalk, one side of the slate was lacquered in white.","In 1941 there were only two school slates companies in the United States -- National School Slate Company and American Slate Works. Both were located in Slatington. National School Slate Company owned its own quarry, the Blue Ridge Quarries. It also purchased slate from other quarries in the region.","By 1941 the American market for school slates had vanished. Most Slatington school slates found their way to Central America, the Netherlands, East Indies, South Africa and South America. American sales focused largely on toy blackboards and bulletin boards sold primarily by chain stores.","Source:\nhttps://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1993-04-18-2922750-story.html\nHARRY L RINKER, THE MORNING CALL","A slate is a thin piece of hard flat material, such as the rock also called slate, that is used as a medium for writing. The rock is \"a metamorphic rock created by the recrystallization of the minerals in shale from clay to parallel-aligned, flat, flake-like minerals such as mica\".","The writing slate consisted of a piece of slate, typically either 4x6 inches or 7x10 inches, encased in a wooden frame.","A slate pencil was used to write on the slate board. It was made from a softer and lighter coloured stone such as shale or chalk.","Usually, a piece of cloth or slate sponge was used to clean it and this was sometimes attached with a string to the bottom of the writing slate.","Slate from 1894, used in Berlin, Germany, currently at the Museum Europäischer Kulturen","The exact origins of the writing slate remain unclear. References to its use can be found in the fourteenth century and evidence suggests that it was used in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The central time period for the writing slate, however, \"appears to begin in the later eighteenth century, when developments in sea and land transport permitted the gradual expansion of slate quarrying in Wales and the growth of a substantial slate workshop industry.\"","By the nineteenth century, writing slates were used around the world in nearly every school and were a central part of the slate industry. At the dawn of the twentieth century, writing slates were the primary tool in the classroom for students. In the 1930s (or later) writing slates began to be replaced by more modern methods.[4] However, writing slates did not become obsolete. They are still made in the twenty-first century, though in small quantities.","The writing slate was sometimes used by industry workers to track goods and by sailors to calculate their geographical location at sea. Sometimes multiple pieces of slate were bound together into a \"book\" and horizontal lines were etched onto the slate surface as a guide for neat handwriting","Source:\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slate_(writing)\nPeter Davies, \"Writing Slates and Schooling\", Australasian Historical Archaeology, Vol. 23 (2005), 63-64.\nRobert N. Pierport, \"Slate Roofing\", APT Bulletin, Vol. 19(2) (1987), 10."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16484, Writing Slate Collection, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16484, Writing Slate Collection, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials that document the evolution of the writing slate from stone book slate to native slate blackboards. This includes a slate book with 8 quartz paint pages with attached pencil holder,and another book with pencil holder and 6 quartz painted \"slates\". The cover of one is stamped in black and gold with a school scene and applied litho of two girls playing stick and ball.  There is also a 1940 salesman kit with five loose photos of the National School Slate Co. They depict a couple of table top models with and without an abacus and a floor model with a picture scroll at the top. This is accompanied by a tri-fold price list for a vriety of slate and blackboard related products for the National School Slate Co., SLatington, PA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains materials that document the evolution of the writing slate from stone book slate to native slate blackboards. This includes a slate book with 8 quartz paint pages with attached pencil holder,and another book with pencil holder and 6 quartz painted \"slates\". The cover of one is stamped in black and gold with a school scene and applied litho of two girls playing stick and ball.  There is also a 1940 salesman kit with five loose photos of the National School Slate Co. They depict a couple of table top models with and without an abacus and a floor model with a picture scroll at the top. This is accompanied by a tri-fold price list for a vriety of slate and blackboard related products for the National School Slate Co., SLatington, PA."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:27.406Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_980"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1827","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"W.S. Newton, Army Surgeon, Civil War Letter, 1864","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1827#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Newton, W.S., Surgeon","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1827#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Four page letter regarding arrest of a Chief Army Surgeon for selling U.S. Army hospital stores to Winchester druggists; authored by Army Surgeon W.S. Newton to his wife from \"Headquarters 2'nd Infantry Division Hospital, Army of West Virginia, Nov. 29, 1864.\" He writes: \"The only thing of interest now is something repugnant to every honorable medical man's mind. It is the arrest of one of the most prominent of our medical officers, the Surgeon-in-Chief of our division. The Court to try the case convened today. J.M. Robinson [who] has messed and slept with me since Sept. is the man. While at Winchester, after the battle 19 September he was in charge of all hospitals of our corps, seven in all, and while there it seems, he sold the drugs and Hospital Stores drawn from the Medical purveyor to druggists of Winchester and committed other irregularities contrary to the good of the Service.\" etc.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1827#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1827","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1827","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1827","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1827","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1827.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196005","title_ssm":["W.S. Newton, Army Surgeon, Civil War Letter"],"title_tesim":["W.S. Newton, Army Surgeon, Civil War Letter"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W.S. Newton, Army Surgeon, Civil War Letter, 1864"],"text":["W.S. Newton, Army Surgeon, Civil War Letter, 1864","A\u0026M 3482","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1827","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Four page letter regarding arrest of a Chief Army Surgeon for selling U.S. Army hospital stores to Winchester druggists; authored by Army Surgeon W.S. Newton to his wife from \"Headquarters 2'nd Infantry Division Hospital, Army of West Virginia, Nov. 29, 1864.\" He writes: \"The only thing of interest now is something repugnant to every honorable medical man's mind. It is the arrest of one of the most prominent of our medical officers, the Surgeon-in-Chief of our division. The Court to try the case convened today. J.M. Robinson [who] has messed and slept with me since Sept. is the man. While at Winchester, after the battle 19 September he was in charge of all hospitals of our corps, seven in all, and while there it seems, he sold the drugs and Hospital Stores drawn from the Medical purveyor to druggists of Winchester and committed other irregularities contrary to the good of the Service.\" etc.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Newton, W.S., Surgeon","Newton, W.S., Surgeon, 1864.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["W.S. Newton, Army Surgeon, Civil War Letter, 1864"],"collection_ssim":["W.S. 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For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Feet Summary: 1/4 in."],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Feet Summary: 1/4 in."],"date_range_isim":[1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], W.S. Newton, Army Surgeon, Civil War Letter, A\u0026amp;M 3482, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], W.S. Newton, Army Surgeon, Civil War Letter, A\u0026M 3482, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f42ae87212225a1ce198391812925b7a\"\u003eFour page letter regarding arrest of a Chief Army Surgeon for selling U.S. Army hospital stores to Winchester druggists; authored by Army Surgeon W.S. Newton to his wife from \"Headquarters 2'nd Infantry Division Hospital, Army of West Virginia, Nov. 29, 1864.\" He writes: \"The only thing of interest now is something repugnant to every honorable medical man's mind. It is the arrest of one of the most prominent of our medical officers, the Surgeon-in-Chief of our division. The Court to try the case convened today. J.M. Robinson [who] has messed and slept with me since Sept. is the man. While at Winchester, after the battle 19 September he was in charge of all hospitals of our corps, seven in all, and while there it seems, he sold the drugs and Hospital Stores drawn from the Medical purveyor to druggists of Winchester and committed other irregularities contrary to the good of the Service.\" etc.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Four page letter regarding arrest of a Chief Army Surgeon for selling U.S. Army hospital stores to Winchester druggists; authored by Army Surgeon W.S. Newton to his wife from \"Headquarters 2'nd Infantry Division Hospital, Army of West Virginia, Nov. 29, 1864.\" He writes: \"The only thing of interest now is something repugnant to every honorable medical man's mind. It is the arrest of one of the most prominent of our medical officers, the Surgeon-in-Chief of our division. The Court to try the case convened today. J.M. Robinson [who] has messed and slept with me since Sept. is the man. While at Winchester, after the battle 19 September he was in charge of all hospitals of our corps, seven in all, and while there it seems, he sold the drugs and Hospital Stores drawn from the Medical purveyor to druggists of Winchester and committed other irregularities contrary to the good of the Service.\" etc."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f8f244741685c59126ecfebcf024bc74\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"persname_ssim":["Newton, W.S., Surgeon","Newton, W.S., Surgeon, 1864."],"names_coll_ssim":["Newton, W.S., Surgeon, 1864."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Newton, W.S., Surgeon","Newton, W.S., Surgeon, 1864."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:07:49.367Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1827","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1827","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1827","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1827","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1827.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196005","title_ssm":["W.S. Newton, Army Surgeon, Civil War Letter"],"title_tesim":["W.S. Newton, Army Surgeon, Civil War Letter"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W.S. Newton, Army Surgeon, Civil War Letter, 1864"],"text":["W.S. Newton, Army Surgeon, Civil War Letter, 1864","A\u0026M 3482","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1827","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Four page letter regarding arrest of a Chief Army Surgeon for selling U.S. Army hospital stores to Winchester druggists; authored by Army Surgeon W.S. Newton to his wife from \"Headquarters 2'nd Infantry Division Hospital, Army of West Virginia, Nov. 29, 1864.\" He writes: \"The only thing of interest now is something repugnant to every honorable medical man's mind. It is the arrest of one of the most prominent of our medical officers, the Surgeon-in-Chief of our division. The Court to try the case convened today. J.M. Robinson [who] has messed and slept with me since Sept. is the man. While at Winchester, after the battle 19 September he was in charge of all hospitals of our corps, seven in all, and while there it seems, he sold the drugs and Hospital Stores drawn from the Medical purveyor to druggists of Winchester and committed other irregularities contrary to the good of the Service.\" etc.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Newton, W.S., Surgeon","Newton, W.S., Surgeon, 1864.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["W.S. Newton, Army Surgeon, Civil War Letter, 1864"],"collection_ssim":["W.S. 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For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Feet Summary: 1/4 in."],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Feet Summary: 1/4 in."],"date_range_isim":[1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], W.S. Newton, Army Surgeon, Civil War Letter, A\u0026amp;M 3482, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], W.S. Newton, Army Surgeon, Civil War Letter, A\u0026M 3482, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f42ae87212225a1ce198391812925b7a\"\u003eFour page letter regarding arrest of a Chief Army Surgeon for selling U.S. Army hospital stores to Winchester druggists; authored by Army Surgeon W.S. Newton to his wife from \"Headquarters 2'nd Infantry Division Hospital, Army of West Virginia, Nov. 29, 1864.\" He writes: \"The only thing of interest now is something repugnant to every honorable medical man's mind. It is the arrest of one of the most prominent of our medical officers, the Surgeon-in-Chief of our division. The Court to try the case convened today. J.M. Robinson [who] has messed and slept with me since Sept. is the man. While at Winchester, after the battle 19 September he was in charge of all hospitals of our corps, seven in all, and while there it seems, he sold the drugs and Hospital Stores drawn from the Medical purveyor to druggists of Winchester and committed other irregularities contrary to the good of the Service.\" etc.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Four page letter regarding arrest of a Chief Army Surgeon for selling U.S. Army hospital stores to Winchester druggists; authored by Army Surgeon W.S. Newton to his wife from \"Headquarters 2'nd Infantry Division Hospital, Army of West Virginia, Nov. 29, 1864.\" He writes: \"The only thing of interest now is something repugnant to every honorable medical man's mind. It is the arrest of one of the most prominent of our medical officers, the Surgeon-in-Chief of our division. The Court to try the case convened today. J.M. Robinson [who] has messed and slept with me since Sept. is the man. While at Winchester, after the battle 19 September he was in charge of all hospitals of our corps, seven in all, and while there it seems, he sold the drugs and Hospital Stores drawn from the Medical purveyor to druggists of Winchester and committed other irregularities contrary to the good of the Service.\" etc."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f8f244741685c59126ecfebcf024bc74\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"persname_ssim":["Newton, W.S., Surgeon","Newton, W.S., Surgeon, 1864."],"names_coll_ssim":["Newton, W.S., Surgeon, 1864."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Newton, W.S., Surgeon","Newton, W.S., Surgeon, 1864."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:07:49.367Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1827"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c759","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"WV and Pittsburgh Sand Company, 1848/1968","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c759#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c759","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c759"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c759","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02","parent_ssim":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968","Series 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89), 1848/1968"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"WV and Pittsburgh Sand Company","title_ssm":["WV and Pittsburgh Sand Company"],"title_tesim":["WV and Pittsburgh Sand Company"],"normalized_title_ssm":["WV and Pittsburgh Sand Company, 1848/1968"],"text":["WV and Pittsburgh Sand Company, 1848/1968","Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968","Series 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89), 1848/1968","Box S2/Box 46","Folder 3"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968","Series 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89), 1848/1968"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968","Series 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89), 1848/1968"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1848/1968"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1848-1968"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":939,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968"],"containers_ssim":["Box S2/Box 46","Folder 3"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#758","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:10:52.729Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5880.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198957","title_ssm":["Siler Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Siler Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1848-1968"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1848-1968"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1848/1968"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968"],"text":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968","A\u0026M 2200","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5880","Berkeley Springs (W. Va.)","Town of Bath, West Virginia - Berkeley Springs.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Bank of Berkeley Springs - Banks and Banking.","Banks and Banking - American Institute of Banking.","Banks and Banking - Bank of Berkeley Springs.","Banks and Banking - Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.","Banks and Banking - Financial Public Relations Association.","Banks and Banking - First Virginia Corporation.","Banks and banking","Berkeley Glass Sand Company -- Glass Sand Industry","Berkeley Springs Water Works and Improvement Co. -- Power Industry","Bibles","Blueprints","Bonds -- Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia","Bowling","Poetry --  Nannie S. Castleman","Church schools -- Episcopal High School (Alexandria, Va.)","Churches  -- Episcopal","Civil War -- Confederate newspapers","Civil War -- Description","Civil War - political factions.","Civil War -- Confederate letters","Confederate States of America - secession crisis.","Diaries and journals.","Episcopal Church - Churches.","Estates and estate settlements.","Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond - Banks and Banking.","Financial Public Relations Association - Banks and Banking.","First Virginia Corporation - Banks and Banking.","General stores - Hammond and Siler.","Glass Sand Industry - Berkeley Glass Sand Company.","Glass Sand Industry - Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation.","Hancock Steel Company - Steel.","Insurance - V. E. Johnson Insurance Agency.","Land - deeds and grants.","Land Plat.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Ledgers.","Libraries - Morgan County Library.","Magazines.","Freemasons","Morgan County - Circuit Court.","Morgan County Library - Libraries.","Music - Sheet music.","Northern Virginia Power Company - Power Industry.","Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation - Glass Sand Industry.","Political factions - Civil War.","Politics - Secession of Virginia.","Politics and government.","Railroads - Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.","Railroads - Western Maryland Railroad Company.","Rhodes scholarships","Rock Gap Coal and Mining Company - Stocks.","Scrapbooks","Secession of Virginia - Politics.","Business correspondence","No special access restriction applies.","missing; 2011/04/15; mrr","series 2, box 47, folder 13","--","archives and manuscripts; photographs / postcards / prints / etc.","This is a collection of letters and documents tracing the personal and business life of an eastern panhandle West Virginia family. The papers concern a broad range of political, social, financial, and legal topics, particularly focusing on J. Hammond Siler, Jr., his parents, J. Hammond Siler, Sr. and Jessie Castleman Siler (residents of the Town of Bath better known as Berkeley Springs). Also includes correspondence and other papers from related families. Subjects include banking, the Civil War, the Episcopal church, secession of Virginia, Virginia Loyalty Oath, women's diaries, and women's letters and papers. A notable item in the collection is the diary of Anne Doyne Wolff Strother, wife of artist and writer David Hunter Strother, documenting a trip with husband and daughter Emily to New Orleans in 1857 (S2/Box 67, folder 1a).","Series include:","Series 1. J. Hammond Siler, Jr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S1/Box 1-S1/Box 50\nSeries 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89\nSeries 3. Jessie Castleman Siler (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S3/Box 1-S3/Box 2\nSeries 4. A.C. Hammond (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S4/Box 1-S4/Box 4\nSeries 5. Ann R. Castleman (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S5/Box 1-S5/Box 2\nSeries 6. Photographs (ca. 1848-1968), box S6/Box 1\nSeries 7. Wrapped Packages (ca. 1848-1968), Wrapped Packages 1-26\nSeries 8. Oversize Material (ca. 1848-1968), box S8/Box 1","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Montgomery Ward","American Red Cross","Sears, Roebuck and Company","Steel - Hancock Steel Company.","Great Cacapon Silica Sand Company","Seiler family","Campbell family","Castleman family - Genealogy","Hammond family - Genealogy","Humphries family - Genealogy","Isler family - Genealogy","Shepard family - Genealogy","Seller family - Genealogy","Armstrong, James D.","Castleman, Ann Rebecca Isler.","Castleman, Estelle.","Castleman, Frank A.","Castleman, Sarah Jane.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Hammond, Allen C.","Hammond, Cadet N.","Hotee, John.","Randolph, Emily Strother.","Rinehart, E. A.","Siler, J. Hammond Jr.","Siler, J. Hammond Sr.","Siler, Jessie Castleman.","Siler, John T.","Strother, Anne Doyne.","Van Gosen, James D.","Whisner, Samuel.","Widmyer, P. S.","Hardin, Moses","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968"],"collection_ssim":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2200","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5880"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2200","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5880"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Berkeley Springs (W. Va.)","Town of Bath, West Virginia - Berkeley Springs.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["Berkeley Springs (W. Va.)","Town of Bath, West Virginia - Berkeley Springs.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["Berkeley Springs (W. Va.)","Town of Bath, West Virginia - Berkeley Springs.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Seiler family"],"creator_ssim":["Seiler family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Armstrong, James D.","Castleman, Ann Rebecca Isler.","Castleman, Estelle.","Castleman, Frank A.","Castleman, Sarah Jane.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Hammond, Allen C.","Hammond, Cadet N.","Hotee, John.","Randolph, Emily Strother.","Rinehart, E. A.","Siler, J. Hammond Jr.","Siler, J. Hammond Sr.","Siler, Jessie Castleman.","Siler, John T.","Strother, Anne Doyne.","Van Gosen, James D.","Whisner, Samuel.","Widmyer, P. S.","Hardin, Moses"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Montgomery Ward","American Red Cross","Sears, Roebuck and Company","Steel - Hancock Steel Company.","Great Cacapon Silica Sand Company"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Seiler family","Campbell family","Castleman family - Genealogy","Hammond family - Genealogy","Humphries family - Genealogy","Isler family - Genealogy","Shepard family - Genealogy","Seller family - Genealogy"],"creators_ssim":["Armstrong, James D.","Castleman, Ann Rebecca Isler.","Castleman, Estelle.","Castleman, Frank A.","Castleman, Sarah Jane.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Hammond, Allen C.","Hammond, Cadet N.","Hotee, John.","Randolph, Emily Strother.","Rinehart, E. A.","Siler, J. Hammond Jr.","Siler, J. Hammond Sr.","Siler, Jessie Castleman.","Siler, John T.","Strother, Anne Doyne.","Van Gosen, James D.","Whisner, Samuel.","Widmyer, P. S.","Hardin, Moses","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Montgomery Ward","American Red Cross","Sears, Roebuck and Company","Steel - Hancock Steel Company.","Great Cacapon Silica Sand Company","Seiler family","Campbell family","Castleman family - Genealogy","Hammond family - Genealogy","Humphries family - Genealogy","Isler family - Genealogy","Shepard family - Genealogy","Seller family - Genealogy"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase from (in process), (in process)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bank of Berkeley Springs - Banks and Banking.","Banks and Banking - American Institute of Banking.","Banks and Banking - Bank of Berkeley Springs.","Banks and Banking - Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.","Banks and Banking - Financial Public Relations Association.","Banks and Banking - First Virginia Corporation.","Banks and banking","Berkeley Glass Sand Company -- Glass Sand Industry","Berkeley Springs Water Works and Improvement Co. -- Power Industry","Bibles","Blueprints","Bonds -- Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia","Bowling","Poetry --  Nannie S. Castleman","Church schools -- Episcopal High School (Alexandria, Va.)","Churches  -- Episcopal","Civil War -- Confederate newspapers","Civil War -- Description","Civil War - political factions.","Civil War -- Confederate letters","Confederate States of America - secession crisis.","Diaries and journals.","Episcopal Church - Churches.","Estates and estate settlements.","Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond - Banks and Banking.","Financial Public Relations Association - Banks and Banking.","First Virginia Corporation - Banks and Banking.","General stores - Hammond and Siler.","Glass Sand Industry - Berkeley Glass Sand Company.","Glass Sand Industry - Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation.","Hancock Steel Company - Steel.","Insurance - V. E. Johnson Insurance Agency.","Land - deeds and grants.","Land Plat.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Ledgers.","Libraries - Morgan County Library.","Magazines.","Freemasons","Morgan County - Circuit Court.","Morgan County Library - Libraries.","Music - Sheet music.","Northern Virginia Power Company - Power Industry.","Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation - Glass Sand Industry.","Political factions - Civil War.","Politics - Secession of Virginia.","Politics and government.","Railroads - Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.","Railroads - Western Maryland Railroad Company.","Rhodes scholarships","Rock Gap Coal and Mining Company - Stocks.","Scrapbooks","Secession of Virginia - Politics.","Business correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bank of Berkeley Springs - Banks and Banking.","Banks and Banking - American Institute of Banking.","Banks and Banking - Bank of Berkeley Springs.","Banks and Banking - Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.","Banks and Banking - Financial Public Relations Association.","Banks and Banking - First Virginia Corporation.","Banks and banking","Berkeley Glass Sand Company -- Glass Sand Industry","Berkeley Springs Water Works and Improvement Co. -- Power Industry","Bibles","Blueprints","Bonds -- Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia","Bowling","Poetry --  Nannie S. 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Johnson Insurance Agency.","Land - deeds and grants.","Land Plat.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Ledgers.","Libraries - Morgan County Library.","Magazines.","Freemasons","Morgan County - Circuit Court.","Morgan County Library - Libraries.","Music - Sheet music.","Northern Virginia Power Company - Power Industry.","Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation - Glass Sand Industry.","Political factions - Civil War.","Politics - Secession of Virginia.","Politics and government.","Railroads - Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.","Railroads - Western Maryland Railroad Company.","Rhodes scholarships","Rock Gap Coal and Mining Company - Stocks.","Scrapbooks","Secession of Virginia - Politics.","Business correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["66.6 Linear Feet Summary: 66 ft. 7 in. (149 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (1 small flat storage box, 3 1/2 in.); (2 oversize folders, 2 in.); (25 wrapped packages, 3 ft. 8 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["66.6 Linear Feet Summary: 66 ft. 7 in. (149 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (1 small flat storage box, 3 1/2 in.); (2 oversize folders, 2 in.); (25 wrapped packages, 3 ft. 8 in.)"],"genreform_ssim":["Business correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003emissing; 2011/04/15; mrr\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nseries 2, box 47, folder 13\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n--\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003earchives and manuscripts; photographs / postcards / prints / etc.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Legacy Administrative Notes","Legacy Formats"],"odd_tesim":["missing; 2011/04/15; mrr","series 2, box 47, folder 13","--","archives and manuscripts; photographs / postcards / prints / etc."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Siler Family Papers, A\u0026amp;M 2200, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Siler Family Papers, A\u0026M 2200, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a collection of letters and documents tracing the personal and business life of an eastern panhandle West Virginia family. The papers concern a broad range of political, social, financial, and legal topics, particularly focusing on J. Hammond Siler, Jr., his parents, J. Hammond Siler, Sr. and Jessie Castleman Siler (residents of the Town of Bath better known as Berkeley Springs). Also includes correspondence and other papers from related families. Subjects include banking, the Civil War, the Episcopal church, secession of Virginia, Virginia Loyalty Oath, women's diaries, and women's letters and papers. A notable item in the collection is the diary of Anne Doyne Wolff Strother, wife of artist and writer David Hunter Strother, documenting a trip with husband and daughter Emily to New Orleans in 1857 (S2/Box 67, folder 1a).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries include:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. J. Hammond Siler, Jr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S1/Box 1-S1/Box 50\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Jessie Castleman Siler (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S3/Box 1-S3/Box 2\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. A.C. Hammond (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S4/Box 1-S4/Box 4\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Ann R. Castleman (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S5/Box 1-S5/Box 2\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Photographs (ca. 1848-1968), box S6/Box 1\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Wrapped Packages (ca. 1848-1968), Wrapped Packages 1-26\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Oversize Material (ca. 1848-1968), box S8/Box 1\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This is a collection of letters and documents tracing the personal and business life of an eastern panhandle West Virginia family. The papers concern a broad range of political, social, financial, and legal topics, particularly focusing on J. Hammond Siler, Jr., his parents, J. Hammond Siler, Sr. and Jessie Castleman Siler (residents of the Town of Bath better known as Berkeley Springs). Also includes correspondence and other papers from related families. Subjects include banking, the Civil War, the Episcopal church, secession of Virginia, Virginia Loyalty Oath, women's diaries, and women's letters and papers. A notable item in the collection is the diary of Anne Doyne Wolff Strother, wife of artist and writer David Hunter Strother, documenting a trip with husband and daughter Emily to New Orleans in 1857 (S2/Box 67, folder 1a).","Series include:","Series 1. J. Hammond Siler, Jr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S1/Box 1-S1/Box 50\nSeries 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89\nSeries 3. Jessie Castleman Siler (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S3/Box 1-S3/Box 2\nSeries 4. A.C. Hammond (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S4/Box 1-S4/Box 4\nSeries 5. Ann R. Castleman (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S5/Box 1-S5/Box 2\nSeries 6. Photographs (ca. 1848-1968), box S6/Box 1\nSeries 7. Wrapped Packages (ca. 1848-1968), Wrapped Packages 1-26\nSeries 8. Oversize Material (ca. 1848-1968), box S8/Box 1"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_172a403f6611d4a5931c460b0b7692df\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Montgomery Ward","American Red Cross","Sears, Roebuck and Company","Steel - Hancock Steel Company.","Great Cacapon Silica Sand Company"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Montgomery Ward","American Red Cross","Sears, Roebuck and Company","Steel - Hancock Steel Company.","Great Cacapon Silica Sand Company","Campbell family","Castleman family - Genealogy","Hammond family - Genealogy","Humphries family - Genealogy","Isler family - Genealogy","Shepard family - Genealogy","Seller family - Genealogy","Seiler family","Armstrong, James D.","Castleman, Ann Rebecca Isler.","Castleman, Estelle.","Castleman, Frank A.","Castleman, Sarah Jane.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Hammond, Allen C.","Hammond, Cadet N.","Hotee, John.","Randolph, Emily Strother.","Rinehart, E. A.","Siler, J. Hammond Jr.","Siler, J. Hammond Sr.","Siler, Jessie Castleman.","Siler, John T.","Strother, Anne Doyne.","Van Gosen, James D.","Whisner, Samuel.","Widmyer, P. S.","Hardin, Moses"],"famname_ssim":["Seiler family","Campbell family","Castleman family - Genealogy","Hammond family - Genealogy","Humphries family - Genealogy","Isler family - Genealogy","Shepard family - Genealogy","Seller family - Genealogy"],"persname_ssim":["Armstrong, James D.","Castleman, Ann Rebecca Isler.","Castleman, Estelle.","Castleman, Frank A.","Castleman, Sarah Jane.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Hammond, Allen C.","Hammond, Cadet N.","Hotee, John.","Randolph, Emily Strother.","Rinehart, E. A.","Siler, J. Hammond Jr.","Siler, J. Hammond Sr.","Siler, Jessie Castleman.","Siler, John T.","Strother, Anne Doyne.","Van Gosen, James D.","Whisner, Samuel.","Widmyer, P. S.","Hardin, Moses"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Montgomery Ward","American Red Cross","Sears, Roebuck and Company","Steel - Hancock Steel Company.","Great Cacapon Silica Sand Company","Seiler family","Campbell family","Castleman family - Genealogy","Hammond family - Genealogy","Humphries family - Genealogy","Isler family - Genealogy","Shepard family - Genealogy","Seller family - Genealogy","Armstrong, James D.","Castleman, Ann Rebecca Isler.","Castleman, Estelle.","Castleman, Frank A.","Castleman, Sarah Jane.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Hammond, Allen C.","Hammond, Cadet N.","Hotee, John.","Randolph, Emily Strother.","Rinehart, E. A.","Siler, J. Hammond Jr.","Siler, J. Hammond Sr.","Siler, Jessie Castleman.","Siler, John T.","Strother, Anne Doyne.","Van Gosen, James D.","Whisner, Samuel.","Widmyer, P. S.","Hardin, Moses"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1463,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:10:52.729Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c759"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c08_c04","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"WV Covered Bridges, 1833/1989","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c08_c04#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis box contains mostly photographs of various West Virginia covered bridges. Of special interest is a collection on Philippi Covered Bridge when it burned, during reconstruction and restoration; photos of Civil War bullet holes in Philippi's Covered Bridge; a \"Historic American Engineering Paper on Record\" for Barrackville Covered Bridge and photos of Barrackville's bridge before and during restoration as well as a photo of Barrackville Covered Bridge prior to 1934; and brochures of West Virginia's cover bridges. Also includes documents and photos of the Carrollton Bridge Project and photos of Fish Creek; Hokes Mill; Staats Mill (Cedar Lakes); Bulltown; Milton; Laurel Creek; Indian Creek; Meem's Bottom, VA; Dents Run; Herns Mill; Cheat River; Center Point; Tygart River Bridge, Beverly, West Virginia; covered bridges in Marion County, West Virginia and Harrison County, West Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c08_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c08_c04","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c08_c04"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c08_c04","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c08","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c08","parent_ssim":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History, 1735/2021","Series 8. Addendum of 2021/04/05, 1768/2014"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c08"],"title_filing_ssi":"WV Covered Bridges","title_ssm":["WV Covered Bridges"],"title_tesim":["WV Covered Bridges"],"normalized_title_ssm":["WV Covered Bridges, 1833/1989"],"text":["WV Covered Bridges, 1833/1989","Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History, 1735/2021","Series 8. Addendum of 2021/04/05, 1768/2014","Box 354","This box contains mostly photographs of various West Virginia covered bridges. Of special interest is a collection on Philippi Covered Bridge when it burned, during reconstruction and restoration; photos of Civil War bullet holes in Philippi's Covered Bridge; a \"Historic American Engineering Paper on Record\" for Barrackville Covered Bridge and photos of Barrackville's bridge before and during restoration as well as a photo of Barrackville Covered Bridge prior to 1934; and brochures of West Virginia's cover bridges. Also includes documents and photos of the Carrollton Bridge Project and photos of Fish Creek; Hokes Mill; Staats Mill (Cedar Lakes); Bulltown; Milton; Laurel Creek; Indian Creek; Meem's Bottom, VA; Dents Run; Herns Mill; Cheat River; Center Point; Tygart River Bridge, Beverly, West Virginia; covered bridges in Marion County, West Virginia and Harrison County, West Virginia.","Formats: Photographic prints, Photographic negatives, documents, papers, postcards, brochures","Subjects: covered bridges; postcards; West Virginia covered bridges; Philippi Covered Bridge; Civil War; first land battle of the Civil War; Barrackville Covered Bridge; Carrollton Bridge project; Fish Creek; Hokes Mill; Cedar Lakes; Bulltown Milton; Laurel Creek; Indian Creek; Meem's Bottom; Dents Run; Dent's Run; Herns Mill; Hern's Mill; Cheat River; Center Point; Tygart River; Beverly, West Virginia; Marion County covered bridges; Granttown; Grant Town; Barrackville; Harrison County; Simpson; Fletcher; Rooting Creek"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History, 1735/2021","Series 8. Addendum of 2021/04/05, 1768/2014"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History, 1735/2021","Series 8. Addendum of 2021/04/05, 1768/2014"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1833/1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1833-1980s"],"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":390,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History, 1735/2021"],"containers_ssim":["Box 354"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis box contains mostly photographs of various West Virginia covered bridges. Of special interest is a collection on Philippi Covered Bridge when it burned, during reconstruction and restoration; photos of Civil War bullet holes in Philippi's Covered Bridge; a \"Historic American Engineering Paper on Record\" for Barrackville Covered Bridge and photos of Barrackville's bridge before and during restoration as well as a photo of Barrackville Covered Bridge prior to 1934; and brochures of West Virginia's cover bridges. Also includes documents and photos of the Carrollton Bridge Project and photos of Fish Creek; Hokes Mill; Staats Mill (Cedar Lakes); Bulltown; Milton; Laurel Creek; Indian Creek; Meem's Bottom, VA; Dents Run; Herns Mill; Cheat River; Center Point; Tygart River Bridge, Beverly, West Virginia; covered bridges in Marion County, West Virginia and Harrison County, West Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFormats: Photographic prints, Photographic negatives, documents, papers, postcards, brochures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects: covered bridges; postcards; West Virginia covered bridges; Philippi Covered Bridge; Civil War; first land battle of the Civil War; Barrackville Covered Bridge; Carrollton Bridge project; Fish Creek; Hokes Mill; Cedar Lakes; Bulltown Milton; Laurel Creek; Indian Creek; Meem's Bottom; Dents Run; Dent's Run; Herns Mill; Hern's Mill; Cheat River; Center Point; Tygart River; Beverly, West Virginia; Marion County covered bridges; Granttown; Grant Town; Barrackville; Harrison County; Simpson; Fletcher; Rooting Creek\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This box contains mostly photographs of various West Virginia covered bridges. Of special interest is a collection on Philippi Covered Bridge when it burned, during reconstruction and restoration; photos of Civil War bullet holes in Philippi's Covered Bridge; a \"Historic American Engineering Paper on Record\" for Barrackville Covered Bridge and photos of Barrackville's bridge before and during restoration as well as a photo of Barrackville Covered Bridge prior to 1934; and brochures of West Virginia's cover bridges. Also includes documents and photos of the Carrollton Bridge Project and photos of Fish Creek; Hokes Mill; Staats Mill (Cedar Lakes); Bulltown; Milton; Laurel Creek; Indian Creek; Meem's Bottom, VA; Dents Run; Herns Mill; Cheat River; Center Point; Tygart River Bridge, Beverly, West Virginia; covered bridges in Marion County, West Virginia and Harrison County, West Virginia.","Formats: Photographic prints, Photographic negatives, documents, papers, postcards, brochures","Subjects: covered bridges; postcards; West Virginia covered bridges; Philippi Covered Bridge; Civil War; first land battle of the Civil War; Barrackville Covered Bridge; Carrollton Bridge project; Fish Creek; Hokes Mill; Cedar Lakes; Bulltown Milton; Laurel Creek; Indian Creek; Meem's Bottom; Dents Run; Dent's Run; Herns Mill; Hern's Mill; Cheat River; Center Point; Tygart River; Beverly, West Virginia; Marion County covered bridges; Granttown; Grant Town; Barrackville; Harrison County; Simpson; Fletcher; Rooting Creek"],"_nest_path_":"/components#7/components#3","timestamp":"2026-09-17T13:58:39.669Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6270.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/207354","title_ssm":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History"],"title_tesim":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History"],"unitdate_ssm":["1735-2021"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1735-2021"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1735/2021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History, 1735/2021"],"text":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History, 1735/2021","A\u0026M 4230","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6270","Canals--United States","Kanawha River (W. Va.)","Kanawha River (W. Va.) -- Navigation -- History","Muskingum River (Ohio)","Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway (Ala. and Miss.)","Aqueducts","Canal aqueducts","Canals","Cast-iron","Cement","Coal mines and mining","coalfields","Concrete","Covered bridges","Dams","Engineering","Engineering -- History","Flood dams and reservoirs","Glass blowing and working","Glass manufacture","Historic preservation","Historic sites -- Conservation and restoration","Industrial archaeology","Industrial archaeology -- Australia","Industrial archaeology -- England","Industrial archaeology -- United States","Inland navigation","Iron","Locks (Hydraulic engineering)","Milling machinery","Mills and mill-work","Mines and mineral resources","Mines and mineral resources -- West Virginia","Portland cement","Science -- History","Steel","Suspension bridges","Technology -- History","Truss bridges","Waterways","Wheeling Bridge (Wheeling, W. Va.)","Wrought-iron","All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","Research Files (1735-2017) \n    \n    \n\n\t Bridges (1735-2016) \n\n\t\tWaterways (1804-2015) \n\n\t\tIndustrial structures (1807-2017)\n\n\t\tEngineers, the history of engineering, and general historical topics (1770, 1805-2010) \n\n\t\tHistoric buildings (1810-2002) \n\n\t\tBuilding materials (1829-2002) \n      \n\n \n    \tKemp's Library (1855-2015) \n    \n\n \n    \tKemp's Professional Writings (1804-2015) \n    \n\n \n    \tKemp's Other Professional Activities (1849, 1909, 1952-2018) \n    \n\n\n    \tOversize Materials (undated) \n    \n\n \n    \tOral History (2017-2018) \n    \n    \n    \tAddendum of 2019: Records of Trips, Engineering Papers, Edinburgh Fellowship, \n        Suspension Bridge Papers, Miscellaneous  (1848-2021)\n    \n    \n    \tAddendum of 2021/04/05  (1768-2014)\n    \n    \n    \tAddendum of 2020: Engineering drawings, maps, other miscellaneous (1909-2003)","Emory Leland Kemp was born to Emory Lelan Kemp and Anita Mae Hucker Kemp on October 1, 1931 in Chicago, Illinois. His family moved to Champaign, Illinois when he was four, and he attended the South Side School and later the University of Illinois High School. Although his teachers at the high school—faculty members at the university—encouraged Kemp to study history, he chose to enter the College of Engineering, just as his father had studied engineering before him. Kemp graduated with a degree in civil engineering in 1952, and the school honored him with the prestigious Ira O. Baker Award as the top-ranked undergraduate student in the Department of Civil Engineering.","Following graduation, Kemp became an assistant engineer with the Illinois Water Survey until war broke out in Korea and the government drafted Kemp into the United States Army. His former boss, now a colonel in the United States Army Corps of Engineers, transferred Kemp to work with the USACE in Alexandria, Virginia. After two years developing a detector for non-magnetic landmines with the USACE, Kemp applied to and accepted a Fulbright Scholarship to study at Imperial College of Science and Technology in London, England. He studied advanced mathematics and developed an interest in thin concrete roofs. In addition to receiving a Diploma of Imperial College (similar to a Master's degree) after two years in London, Kemp also met his life's partner, Janet. The two were married in 1958, and had three children in the United States: Mark, Alison and Geoffrey.","After his diploma, Kemp remained in London and worked on thin concrete shell rooves for Sir Bruce White, Wolfe Barry and Partners. He transferred to Arup and Partners, where he worked on the design behind the Sydney Opera House (developing the pre-stress and post-tension piles on the end of the building) and the hangars at the Royal Air Force Abingdon station. Soon, however, the University of Illinois invited Kemp to return to Champaign to complete a PhD in structural mechanics on full scholarship. He completed a dissertation on torsion in reinforced concrete in 1962.\n \n That same year, a faculty position at West Virginia University's School of Engineering became available. Kemp got the job, so he, Janet, and their children moved to Morgantown, West Virginia. He quickly rose to chair the Civil Engineering Department. Under his administration, the Department grew rapidly and received national acclaim. \n \n When James Harlow became president of West Virginia University (WVU) in 1967, he sent Kemp to the University of Oklahoma to study their History of Science program. Kemp was intrigued, and soon acquired approval to plan a similar course of study through WVU's History Department. He taught classes on the Industrial Revolution and the history of technology, but did not successfully convince the College of Engineering to require its engineering students to take courses in the history of science. \n \n During the 1970s, Kemp became involved in a number of historic preservation projects in West Virginia. First, he got involved in restoring the Wheeling Suspension Bridge, which needed repairs to its suspension wires. Kemp assisted with multiple rounds of restoration on the historic bridge. Then, West Virginia Independence Hall Foundation consulted Kemp on the restoration of the building in which West Virginia seceded from Virginia (although Kemp always referred to the building by its original title, the \"Wheeling Custom House\"). Kemp investigated the nine-inch wrought-iron I-beams that supported the ceilings and upper floors of the building, and assisted the foundation in interpreting the building as a museum.\n \n By the end of the 1970s, Kemp had earned recognition throughout the preservation community. Government agencies contracted with Kemp to document historic industrial and transportation structures through archival photographs and large-scale engineering drawings, so the materials could be submitted to the Historic American Engineering Record. The West Virginia state government also consulted Kemp for a number of projects throughout the 1970s and 1980s, especially involving work on covered bridges. For instance, when the roof of the Philippi Covered Bridge burned in a fire in February 1989, the state hired Kemp to oversee the restoration. Using innovative techniques for covering the top and supporting the old frame with new beams, Kemp gave the bridge its original 1861 appearance. He also assisted in the restoration of the Staats Mill and Barrackville Covered Bridges. Kemp's personal research interests centered on industrial processes in West Virginia, including mining, milling, glassmaking, and railroads. \n \n Kemp also founded and co-founded a number of organizations. First, Kemp got involved with a movement to bring the British discipline of industrial archaeology (the study of physical remnants of industrial structures as a method to understand our manufacturing past) to the United States. Kemp helped to found the Society for Industrial Archeology (SIA) in 1971, served as the first editor of the affiliated journal, IA, in 1975, and eventually became SIA's president from 1988-1990. Kemp also founded the historic preservation and repurposing organization, Vandalia Heritage Foundation, in 1999. He was a founding member of the Preservation Alliance of West Virginia in 1981.\n \n In 1990, Kemp received Congressional funding to establish an Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology (IHTIA) at WVU. The IHTIA, which became Kemp's full time job, provided historic preservation consultations, documented historic structures, held workshops and field schools, and published monographs. Over the course of its history, the IHTIA generated $13 million of research funding and worked on an estimated 86 projects. \n \n \nFor all of Kemp's work to preserve historic structures and encourage the spread of information about the history of industrial technology and transportation, the American Society of Civil Engineers named him a Distinguished Member in 2004. By the time he retired in the early 2000s, Kemp had devoted a lifetime to studying and celebrating America's industrial past.","Materials arrived sorted into boxes, generally based on the individual project for which Kemp used the items. A project can be defined as an endeavor that Kemp took on for a concentrated period of time centered on one structure, geographic location, or theme. Examples include the restoration of a historic site or set of historic sites that share a common purpose, documentation of a historic site or set of historic sites that share a common purpose, a publication, a conference, or a grant application. Some boxes appeared to be a mix of materials from various projects and subjects. Such boxes were categorized by the most prominent project or subject within the box or were determined \"Miscellaneous.\"","Some boxes were organized around a common topic rather than a project, especially if Kemp returned to a particular topic throughout his career (an example is research on concrete, a body of scholarship that Kemp drew on for a variety of projects).","At arrival, only some boxes had materials arranged into folders. Where arrangement within a box was obvious (such as materials segregated into manila folders), original arrangement was retained. Otherwise, items were sorted within boxes by format, or, when possible, by sub-topic.","Boxes were clumped together by individual project or topic. The series were created to reflect general categories of purposes for which Kemp used the materials. However, the series \"Oversize Material\" was not separated based on Kemp's purpose for using the materials; it was created to house all the items from other series that arrived folded inside boxes and do not fit in their original boxes when unfolded.","Because Kemp used so many of the materials in the collection for research, the series \"Research Files\" was broken down into sub-series by type of project. Boxes were occasionally combined when space allowed and when the materials originated from the same project. Boxes were also occasionally combined when items inside each box did not originate from just one project or just one type of project.","Additionally, Kemp separately donated books from his personal library, which he used throughout his career.","All born-digital materials housed on floppy disks, compact discs, or USB drives were uploaded to repository servers.","Any box and folder citations created before July 2019 may rely upon Kemp's original arrangement and may no longer be accurate. For assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia and Regional History Center.","This collection includes materials from Dr. Emory L. Kemp's career of researching, documenting, and preserving historic structures. Kemp was a practicing civil engineer from 1952-1959, then taught civil engineering, historic preservation, and the history of technology from 1962-2003 at West Virginia University. He served as an expert consultant for the preservation of many historic engineering structures, including bridges, waterways, and mills. He also published regularly and remained active in several professional organizations.","Materials includes correspondence, engineering drawings, drawings, various styles and types of maps, photographic prints, photographic contact sheets, photographic negatives, drafts of monographs, bound copies of the United States Congressional Series, published scholarly articles and books, book excerpts, reports, computer-generated data, handwritten notes, oral histories and oral history transcripts, brochures, and realia. A significant amount concerns Kemp's process of documenting historic structures for the Historic American Engineering Record and the National Register of Historic Places.","All contents fall within 1735 and 2021. The bulk of the original materials are from 1959-1999. Almost all the materials from 1735-1949 are facsimiles that Kemp collected for his research.","Most of the materials pertain to West Virginia and surrounding states: Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. Kemp also consulted on projects in other states and countries, such as Alabama, Louisiana, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Canada, Great Britain, Australia, and Zimbabwe. Personal materials discuss Kemp's experience in Illinois. In addition, Kemp's research on industrial archeology (the study of the physical evidence of industry and technology) focuses on Great Britain and Australia but also includes places in West Virginia and Pennsylvania. Other states and countries appear briefly as part of Kemp's study of historic bridges, including California, Russia, France, China, and Peru.","Subjects include suspension bridges of West Virginia, covered bridges in West Virginia and Pennsylvania, the history of suspension bridges, bridge preservation, locks and dams in West Virginia (especially along the Kanawha River), navigation along other bodies of water (especially the Muskingum River), industrial structures and industrial production in West Virginia and surrounding states, civil engineers (especially Charles Ellet, Jr.), cement and concrete, the history of engineering, industrial archeology, principles of historic preservation, the process of documenting materials to the standards of the Historic American Engineering Record, Kemp's affiliations within West Virginia University (especially WVU's Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology), his affiliations with the American Society of Civil Engineers, and his affiliation with the Society for Industrial Archeology. Throughout the collection, several of Kemp's largest restoration projects appear regularly: the Wheeling Suspension Bridge over the Ohio River in Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia; the Wheeling Custom House (also known as West Virginia Independence Hall) in Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia; and the West Virginia Covered Bridge Survey that Kemp completed for the West Virginia Department of Highways.","Within this finding aid, the term \"engineering drawings\" was used to describe materials that may be defined within the engineering field as blueprints, measured drawings, or floor plans. The term \"contact sheet\" was used to describe a photographic print clearly produced to make a rough draft, positive print of an image from a single negative or photographic negatives on a roll of film (created by holding photograph paper emulsion-to-emulsion with the negative). In addition, the following terms that regularly appeared in the collection have been abbreviated:","American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)  \n Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B\u0026O Railroad)  \n Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (C\u0026O Canal)  \n United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)  \n Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology (IHTIA)  \n Historic American Engineering Record (HAER)  \n Historic American Building Survey (HABS)  \n National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) \n National Forest (NF)\n National Park Service (NPS)  \n Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), previously the Soil Conservation Service (SCS)  \n West Virginia University (WVU)  \n United States Geological Survey (USGS)","Packet of \"Early 20th Century Commercial Wood Engravings\" booklets (\"The S. George Company/The Gramlee Collection/The Permutation Press,\" \"The Stock/Product Block,\" \"The Monogram Block,\" \"The Barrel Label Block,\" \"The Stock Block,\" and \"The Company Block,\" all copyright 1982 by the Permutation Press) were separated to the Rare Book Room to join related materials on wood engravings.","1 reel of duplicate microfilm of A\u0026M 3007, Little Kanawha River Records, moved to duplicate A\u0026M microfilm.","1 reel of microfilm of the Elizabeth Gazette newspaper, Mar 13 1867 - Jan 11 1869, moved to duplicate newspaper microfilm.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","A.G. Lichtenstein and Associates","Alexandria Canal Company","American Society of Civil Engineers","American Society of Civil Engineers. Committee on History and Heritage of American Civil Engineering","National Rivers and Harbors Congress","Ove Arup \u0026 Partners","Paul D. Marshall \u0026 Associates","Preservation Alliance of West Virginia","Society for Industrial Archeology","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Ohio River Division.","Vandalia Heritage Foundation","West Virginia Independence Hall Foundation","West Virginia University","Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","West Virginia University. Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","Historic American Buildings Survey","Historic American Engineering Record","Kemp, Emory L.","Ellet, Charles, 1777-1847","Fluty, Beverly B.","Peyton, Billy Joe","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History, 1735/2021"],"collection_ssim":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History, 1735/2021"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4230","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6270"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4230","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6270"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Canals--United States","Kanawha River (W. Va.)","Kanawha River (W. Va.) -- Navigation -- History","Muskingum River (Ohio)","Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway (Ala. and Miss.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Canals--United States","Kanawha River (W. Va.)","Kanawha River (W. Va.) -- Navigation -- History","Muskingum River (Ohio)","Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway (Ala. and Miss.)"],"places_ssim":["Canals--United States","Kanawha River (W. Va.)","Kanawha River (W. Va.) -- Navigation -- History","Muskingum River (Ohio)","Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway (Ala. and Miss.)"],"creator_ssm":["Kemp, Emory L."],"creator_ssim":["Kemp, Emory L."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kemp, Emory L.","Ellet, Charles, 1777-1847","Fluty, Beverly B.","Peyton, Billy Joe"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","A.G. Lichtenstein and Associates","Alexandria Canal Company","American Society of Civil Engineers","American Society of Civil Engineers. Committee on History and Heritage of American Civil Engineering","National Rivers and Harbors Congress","Ove Arup \u0026 Partners","Paul D. Marshall \u0026 Associates","Preservation Alliance of West Virginia","Society for Industrial Archeology","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Ohio River Division.","Vandalia Heritage Foundation","West Virginia Independence Hall Foundation","West Virginia University","Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","West Virginia University. Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","Historic American Buildings Survey","Historic American Engineering Record"],"creators_ssim":["Kemp, Emory L.","Ellet, Charles, 1777-1847","Fluty, Beverly B.","Peyton, Billy Joe","West Virginia and Regional History Center","A.G. Lichtenstein and Associates","Alexandria Canal Company","American Society of Civil Engineers","American Society of Civil Engineers. Committee on History and Heritage of American Civil Engineering","National Rivers and Harbors Congress","Ove Arup \u0026 Partners","Paul D. Marshall \u0026 Associates","Preservation Alliance of West Virginia","Society for Industrial Archeology","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Ohio River Division.","Vandalia Heritage Foundation","West Virginia Independence Hall Foundation","West Virginia University","Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","West Virginia University. Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","Historic American Buildings Survey","Historic American Engineering Record"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Aqueducts","Canal aqueducts","Canals","Cast-iron","Cement","Coal mines and mining","coalfields","Concrete","Covered bridges","Dams","Engineering","Engineering -- History","Flood dams and reservoirs","Glass blowing and working","Glass manufacture","Historic preservation","Historic sites -- Conservation and restoration","Industrial archaeology","Industrial archaeology -- Australia","Industrial archaeology -- England","Industrial archaeology -- United States","Inland navigation","Iron","Locks (Hydraulic engineering)","Milling machinery","Mills and mill-work","Mines and mineral resources","Mines and mineral resources -- West Virginia","Portland cement","Science -- History","Steel","Suspension bridges","Technology -- History","Truss bridges","Waterways","Wheeling Bridge (Wheeling, W. Va.)","Wrought-iron"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Aqueducts","Canal aqueducts","Canals","Cast-iron","Cement","Coal mines and mining","coalfields","Concrete","Covered bridges","Dams","Engineering","Engineering -- History","Flood dams and reservoirs","Glass blowing and working","Glass manufacture","Historic preservation","Historic sites -- Conservation and restoration","Industrial archaeology","Industrial archaeology -- Australia","Industrial archaeology -- England","Industrial archaeology -- United States","Inland navigation","Iron","Locks (Hydraulic engineering)","Milling machinery","Mills and mill-work","Mines and mineral resources","Mines and mineral resources -- West Virginia","Portland cement","Science -- History","Steel","Suspension bridges","Technology -- History","Truss bridges","Waterways","Wheeling Bridge (Wheeling, W. Va.)","Wrought-iron"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["154.83 Linear Feet 152 document cases, 5 in. each; 92 document cases, 4 in. each; 68 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 32 record cartons, 15 in. each; 1 flat storage box, 1.5 in.; 7 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 4 flat storage boxes, 4 in. each; 1 small storage box, 6.5 in.; 1 index card box, 12 in.; 2 oversized items, 1.5 in. total; 2 microfilm reels, 1.75 in. each; 146 oversized folders, 18 in.","6.31 Gigabytes 678 files, formats include ASC, BK!, CAP, CHP, CIF, DOC, DOCX, ED, ELK, JPG, FRM, M4A, MON, MOV, MP4, PAP, PDF, PPT, PPTX, R2D, RTF, TIF, TRE, TXT, VGR, W51, WMA, WP, WPD, WPS, XLSX."],"extent_tesim":["154.83 Linear Feet 152 document cases, 5 in. each; 92 document cases, 4 in. each; 68 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 32 record cartons, 15 in. each; 1 flat storage box, 1.5 in.; 7 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 4 flat storage boxes, 4 in. each; 1 small storage box, 6.5 in.; 1 index card box, 12 in.; 2 oversized items, 1.5 in. total; 2 microfilm reels, 1.75 in. each; 146 oversized folders, 18 in.","6.31 Gigabytes 678 files, formats include ASC, BK!, CAP, CHP, CIF, DOC, DOCX, ED, ELK, JPG, FRM, M4A, MON, MOV, MP4, PAP, PDF, PPT, PPTX, R2D, RTF, TIF, TRE, TXT, VGR, W51, WMA, WP, WPD, WPS, XLSX."],"date_range_isim":[1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003clist\u003e\n\n\u003citem\u003e \n        Research Files (1735-2017) \n    \u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003clist\u003e\n\n\t\u003citem\u003e Bridges (1735-2016) \u003c/item\u003e\n\n\t\u003citem\u003e\tWaterways (1804-2015) \u003c/item\u003e\n\n\t\u003citem\u003e\tIndustrial structures (1807-2017)\u003c/item\u003e\n\n\t\u003citem\u003e\tEngineers, the history of engineering, and general historical topics (1770, 1805-2010) \u003c/item\u003e\n\n\t\u003citem\u003e\tHistoric buildings (1810-2002) \u003c/item\u003e\n\n\t\u003citem\u003e\tBuilding materials (1829-2002) \u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n\n\u003citem\u003e \n    \tKemp's Library (1855-2015) \n    \u003c/item\u003e\n\n\u003citem\u003e \n    \tKemp's Professional Writings (1804-2015) \n    \u003c/item\u003e\n\n\u003citem\u003e \n    \tKemp's Other Professional Activities (1849, 1909, 1952-2018) \n    \u003c/item\u003e\n\n\u003citem\u003e\n    \tOversize Materials (undated) \n    \u003c/item\u003e\n\n\u003citem\u003e \n    \tOral History (2017-2018) \n    \u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003citem\u003e\n    \tAddendum of 2019: Records of Trips, Engineering Papers, Edinburgh Fellowship, \n        Suspension Bridge Papers, Miscellaneous  (1848-2021)\n    \u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003citem\u003e\n    \tAddendum of 2021/04/05  (1768-2014)\n    \u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003citem\u003e\n    \tAddendum of 2020: Engineering drawings, maps, other miscellaneous (1909-2003)\n    \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\nThere are three addendum series (Series 7-9) listed by the year of the addendum. Addendum 2019 and 2021 materials are mainly processed and described at the box level.  Addendum 2021 also contains one acrylic display framed print and an oversized folder with drawings. Addendum 2020 materials has mainly been processed and described at the file level and contains one panoramic photograph.   "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Research Files (1735-2017) \n    \n    \n\n\t Bridges (1735-2016) \n\n\t\tWaterways (1804-2015) \n\n\t\tIndustrial structures (1807-2017)\n\n\t\tEngineers, the history of engineering, and general historical topics (1770, 1805-2010) \n\n\t\tHistoric buildings (1810-2002) \n\n\t\tBuilding materials (1829-2002) \n      \n\n \n    \tKemp's Library (1855-2015) \n    \n\n \n    \tKemp's Professional Writings (1804-2015) \n    \n\n \n    \tKemp's Other Professional Activities (1849, 1909, 1952-2018) \n    \n\n\n    \tOversize Materials (undated) \n    \n\n \n    \tOral History (2017-2018) \n    \n    \n    \tAddendum of 2019: Records of Trips, Engineering Papers, Edinburgh Fellowship, \n        Suspension Bridge Papers, Miscellaneous  (1848-2021)\n    \n    \n    \tAddendum of 2021/04/05  (1768-2014)\n    \n    \n    \tAddendum of 2020: Engineering drawings, maps, other miscellaneous (1909-2003)"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Emory Leland Kemp was born to Emory Lelan Kemp and Anita Mae Hucker Kemp on October 1, 1931 in Chicago, Illinois. His family moved to Champaign, Illinois when he was four, and he attended the South Side School and later the University of Illinois High School. Although his teachers at the high school—faculty members at the university—encouraged Kemp to study history, he chose to enter the College of Engineering, just as his father had studied engineering before him. Kemp graduated with a degree in civil engineering in 1952, and the school honored him with the prestigious Ira O. Baker Award as the top-ranked undergraduate student in the Department of Civil Engineering.","Following graduation, Kemp became an assistant engineer with the Illinois Water Survey until war broke out in Korea and the government drafted Kemp into the United States Army. His former boss, now a colonel in the United States Army Corps of Engineers, transferred Kemp to work with the USACE in Alexandria, Virginia. After two years developing a detector for non-magnetic landmines with the USACE, Kemp applied to and accepted a Fulbright Scholarship to study at Imperial College of Science and Technology in London, England. He studied advanced mathematics and developed an interest in thin concrete roofs. In addition to receiving a Diploma of Imperial College (similar to a Master's degree) after two years in London, Kemp also met his life's partner, Janet. The two were married in 1958, and had three children in the United States: Mark, Alison and Geoffrey.","After his diploma, Kemp remained in London and worked on thin concrete shell rooves for Sir Bruce White, Wolfe Barry and Partners. He transferred to Arup and Partners, where he worked on the design behind the Sydney Opera House (developing the pre-stress and post-tension piles on the end of the building) and the hangars at the Royal Air Force Abingdon station. Soon, however, the University of Illinois invited Kemp to return to Champaign to complete a PhD in structural mechanics on full scholarship. He completed a dissertation on torsion in reinforced concrete in 1962.\n \n That same year, a faculty position at West Virginia University's School of Engineering became available. Kemp got the job, so he, Janet, and their children moved to Morgantown, West Virginia. He quickly rose to chair the Civil Engineering Department. Under his administration, the Department grew rapidly and received national acclaim. \n \n When James Harlow became president of West Virginia University (WVU) in 1967, he sent Kemp to the University of Oklahoma to study their History of Science program. Kemp was intrigued, and soon acquired approval to plan a similar course of study through WVU's History Department. He taught classes on the Industrial Revolution and the history of technology, but did not successfully convince the College of Engineering to require its engineering students to take courses in the history of science. \n \n During the 1970s, Kemp became involved in a number of historic preservation projects in West Virginia. First, he got involved in restoring the Wheeling Suspension Bridge, which needed repairs to its suspension wires. Kemp assisted with multiple rounds of restoration on the historic bridge. Then, West Virginia Independence Hall Foundation consulted Kemp on the restoration of the building in which West Virginia seceded from Virginia (although Kemp always referred to the building by its original title, the \"Wheeling Custom House\"). Kemp investigated the nine-inch wrought-iron I-beams that supported the ceilings and upper floors of the building, and assisted the foundation in interpreting the building as a museum.\n \n By the end of the 1970s, Kemp had earned recognition throughout the preservation community. Government agencies contracted with Kemp to document historic industrial and transportation structures through archival photographs and large-scale engineering drawings, so the materials could be submitted to the Historic American Engineering Record. The West Virginia state government also consulted Kemp for a number of projects throughout the 1970s and 1980s, especially involving work on covered bridges. For instance, when the roof of the Philippi Covered Bridge burned in a fire in February 1989, the state hired Kemp to oversee the restoration. Using innovative techniques for covering the top and supporting the old frame with new beams, Kemp gave the bridge its original 1861 appearance. He also assisted in the restoration of the Staats Mill and Barrackville Covered Bridges. Kemp's personal research interests centered on industrial processes in West Virginia, including mining, milling, glassmaking, and railroads. \n \n Kemp also founded and co-founded a number of organizations. First, Kemp got involved with a movement to bring the British discipline of industrial archaeology (the study of physical remnants of industrial structures as a method to understand our manufacturing past) to the United States. Kemp helped to found the Society for Industrial Archeology (SIA) in 1971, served as the first editor of the affiliated journal, IA, in 1975, and eventually became SIA's president from 1988-1990. Kemp also founded the historic preservation and repurposing organization, Vandalia Heritage Foundation, in 1999. He was a founding member of the Preservation Alliance of West Virginia in 1981.\n \n In 1990, Kemp received Congressional funding to establish an Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology (IHTIA) at WVU. The IHTIA, which became Kemp's full time job, provided historic preservation consultations, documented historic structures, held workshops and field schools, and published monographs. Over the course of its history, the IHTIA generated $13 million of research funding and worked on an estimated 86 projects. \n \n \nFor all of Kemp's work to preserve historic structures and encourage the spread of information about the history of industrial technology and transportation, the American Society of Civil Engineers named him a Distinguished Member in 2004. By the time he retired in the early 2000s, Kemp had devoted a lifetime to studying and celebrating America's industrial past."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History, A\u0026amp;M 4230, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History, A\u0026M 4230, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials arrived sorted into boxes, generally based on the individual project for which Kemp used the items. A project can be defined as an endeavor that Kemp took on for a concentrated period of time centered on one structure, geographic location, or theme. Examples include the restoration of a historic site or set of historic sites that share a common purpose, documentation of a historic site or set of historic sites that share a common purpose, a publication, a conference, or a grant application. Some boxes appeared to be a mix of materials from various projects and subjects. Such boxes were categorized by the most prominent project or subject within the box or were determined \"Miscellaneous.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome boxes were organized around a common topic rather than a project, especially if Kemp returned to a particular topic throughout his career (an example is research on concrete, a body of scholarship that Kemp drew on for a variety of projects). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt arrival, only some boxes had materials arranged into folders. Where arrangement within a box was obvious (such as materials segregated into manila folders), original arrangement was retained. Otherwise, items were sorted within boxes by format, or, when possible, by sub-topic. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoxes were clumped together by individual project or topic. The series were created to reflect general categories of purposes for which Kemp used the materials. However, the series \"Oversize Material\" was not separated based on Kemp's purpose for using the materials; it was created to house all the items from other series that arrived folded inside boxes and do not fit in their original boxes when unfolded. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause Kemp used so many of the materials in the collection for research, the series \"Research Files\" was broken down into sub-series by type of project. Boxes were occasionally combined when space allowed and when the materials originated from the same project. Boxes were also occasionally combined when items inside each box did not originate from just one project or just one type of project. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, Kemp separately donated books from his personal library, which he used throughout his career.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll born-digital materials housed on floppy disks, compact discs, or USB drives were uploaded to repository servers. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAny box and folder citations created before July 2019 may rely upon Kemp's original arrangement and may no longer be accurate. For assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia and Regional History Center.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials arrived sorted into boxes, generally based on the individual project for which Kemp used the items. A project can be defined as an endeavor that Kemp took on for a concentrated period of time centered on one structure, geographic location, or theme. Examples include the restoration of a historic site or set of historic sites that share a common purpose, documentation of a historic site or set of historic sites that share a common purpose, a publication, a conference, or a grant application. Some boxes appeared to be a mix of materials from various projects and subjects. Such boxes were categorized by the most prominent project or subject within the box or were determined \"Miscellaneous.\"","Some boxes were organized around a common topic rather than a project, especially if Kemp returned to a particular topic throughout his career (an example is research on concrete, a body of scholarship that Kemp drew on for a variety of projects).","At arrival, only some boxes had materials arranged into folders. Where arrangement within a box was obvious (such as materials segregated into manila folders), original arrangement was retained. Otherwise, items were sorted within boxes by format, or, when possible, by sub-topic.","Boxes were clumped together by individual project or topic. The series were created to reflect general categories of purposes for which Kemp used the materials. However, the series \"Oversize Material\" was not separated based on Kemp's purpose for using the materials; it was created to house all the items from other series that arrived folded inside boxes and do not fit in their original boxes when unfolded.","Because Kemp used so many of the materials in the collection for research, the series \"Research Files\" was broken down into sub-series by type of project. Boxes were occasionally combined when space allowed and when the materials originated from the same project. Boxes were also occasionally combined when items inside each box did not originate from just one project or just one type of project.","Additionally, Kemp separately donated books from his personal library, which he used throughout his career.","All born-digital materials housed on floppy disks, compact discs, or USB drives were uploaded to repository servers.","Any box and folder citations created before July 2019 may rely upon Kemp's original arrangement and may no longer be accurate. For assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia and Regional History Center."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes materials from Dr. Emory L. Kemp's career of researching, documenting, and preserving historic structures. Kemp was a practicing civil engineer from 1952-1959, then taught civil engineering, historic preservation, and the history of technology from 1962-2003 at West Virginia University. He served as an expert consultant for the preservation of many historic engineering structures, including bridges, waterways, and mills. He also published regularly and remained active in several professional organizations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMaterials includes correspondence, engineering drawings, drawings, various styles and types of maps, photographic prints, photographic contact sheets, photographic negatives, drafts of monographs, bound copies of the United States Congressional Series, published scholarly articles and books, book excerpts, reports, computer-generated data, handwritten notes, oral histories and oral history transcripts, brochures, and realia. A significant amount concerns Kemp's process of documenting historic structures for the Historic American Engineering Record and the National Register of Historic Places.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nAll contents fall within 1735 and 2021. The bulk of the original materials are from 1959-1999. Almost all the materials from 1735-1949 are facsimiles that Kemp collected for his research.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMost of the materials pertain to West Virginia and surrounding states: Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. Kemp also consulted on projects in other states and countries, such as Alabama, Louisiana, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Canada, Great Britain, Australia, and Zimbabwe. Personal materials discuss Kemp's experience in Illinois. In addition, Kemp's research on industrial archeology (the study of the physical evidence of industry and technology) focuses on Great Britain and Australia but also includes places in West Virginia and Pennsylvania. Other states and countries appear briefly as part of Kemp's study of historic bridges, including California, Russia, France, China, and Peru.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSubjects include suspension bridges of West Virginia, covered bridges in West Virginia and Pennsylvania, the history of suspension bridges, bridge preservation, locks and dams in West Virginia (especially along the Kanawha River), navigation along other bodies of water (especially the Muskingum River), industrial structures and industrial production in West Virginia and surrounding states, civil engineers (especially Charles Ellet, Jr.), cement and concrete, the history of engineering, industrial archeology, principles of historic preservation, the process of documenting materials to the standards of the Historic American Engineering Record, Kemp's affiliations within West Virginia University (especially WVU's Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology), his affiliations with the American Society of Civil Engineers, and his affiliation with the Society for Industrial Archeology. Throughout the collection, several of Kemp's largest restoration projects appear regularly: the Wheeling Suspension Bridge over the Ohio River in Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia; the Wheeling Custom House (also known as West Virginia Independence Hall) in Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia; and the West Virginia Covered Bridge Survey that Kemp completed for the West Virginia Department of Highways.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nWithin this finding aid, the term \"engineering drawings\" was used to describe materials that may be defined within the engineering field as blueprints, measured drawings, or floor plans. The term \"contact sheet\" was used to describe a photographic print clearly produced to make a rough draft, positive print of an image from a single negative or photographic negatives on a roll of film (created by holding photograph paper emulsion-to-emulsion with the negative). In addition, the following terms that regularly appeared in the collection have been abbreviated: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B\u0026amp;O Railroad) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (C\u0026amp;O Canal) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology (IHTIA) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e Historic American Building Survey (HABS) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e National Forest (NF)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e National Park Service (NPS) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), previously the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e West Virginia University (WVU) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e United States Geological Survey (USGS)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes materials from Dr. Emory L. Kemp's career of researching, documenting, and preserving historic structures. Kemp was a practicing civil engineer from 1952-1959, then taught civil engineering, historic preservation, and the history of technology from 1962-2003 at West Virginia University. He served as an expert consultant for the preservation of many historic engineering structures, including bridges, waterways, and mills. He also published regularly and remained active in several professional organizations.","Materials includes correspondence, engineering drawings, drawings, various styles and types of maps, photographic prints, photographic contact sheets, photographic negatives, drafts of monographs, bound copies of the United States Congressional Series, published scholarly articles and books, book excerpts, reports, computer-generated data, handwritten notes, oral histories and oral history transcripts, brochures, and realia. A significant amount concerns Kemp's process of documenting historic structures for the Historic American Engineering Record and the National Register of Historic Places.","All contents fall within 1735 and 2021. The bulk of the original materials are from 1959-1999. Almost all the materials from 1735-1949 are facsimiles that Kemp collected for his research.","Most of the materials pertain to West Virginia and surrounding states: Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. Kemp also consulted on projects in other states and countries, such as Alabama, Louisiana, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Canada, Great Britain, Australia, and Zimbabwe. Personal materials discuss Kemp's experience in Illinois. In addition, Kemp's research on industrial archeology (the study of the physical evidence of industry and technology) focuses on Great Britain and Australia but also includes places in West Virginia and Pennsylvania. Other states and countries appear briefly as part of Kemp's study of historic bridges, including California, Russia, France, China, and Peru.","Subjects include suspension bridges of West Virginia, covered bridges in West Virginia and Pennsylvania, the history of suspension bridges, bridge preservation, locks and dams in West Virginia (especially along the Kanawha River), navigation along other bodies of water (especially the Muskingum River), industrial structures and industrial production in West Virginia and surrounding states, civil engineers (especially Charles Ellet, Jr.), cement and concrete, the history of engineering, industrial archeology, principles of historic preservation, the process of documenting materials to the standards of the Historic American Engineering Record, Kemp's affiliations within West Virginia University (especially WVU's Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology), his affiliations with the American Society of Civil Engineers, and his affiliation with the Society for Industrial Archeology. Throughout the collection, several of Kemp's largest restoration projects appear regularly: the Wheeling Suspension Bridge over the Ohio River in Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia; the Wheeling Custom House (also known as West Virginia Independence Hall) in Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia; and the West Virginia Covered Bridge Survey that Kemp completed for the West Virginia Department of Highways.","Within this finding aid, the term \"engineering drawings\" was used to describe materials that may be defined within the engineering field as blueprints, measured drawings, or floor plans. The term \"contact sheet\" was used to describe a photographic print clearly produced to make a rough draft, positive print of an image from a single negative or photographic negatives on a roll of film (created by holding photograph paper emulsion-to-emulsion with the negative). In addition, the following terms that regularly appeared in the collection have been abbreviated:","American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)  \n Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B\u0026O Railroad)  \n Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (C\u0026O Canal)  \n United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)  \n Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology (IHTIA)  \n Historic American Engineering Record (HAER)  \n Historic American Building Survey (HABS)  \n National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) \n National Forest (NF)\n National Park Service (NPS)  \n Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), previously the Soil Conservation Service (SCS)  \n West Virginia University (WVU)  \n United States Geological Survey (USGS)"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePacket of \"Early 20th Century Commercial Wood Engravings\" booklets (\"The S. George Company/The Gramlee Collection/The Permutation Press,\" \"The Stock/Product Block,\" \"The Monogram Block,\" \"The Barrel Label Block,\" \"The Stock Block,\" and \"The Company Block,\" all copyright 1982 by the Permutation Press) were separated to the Rare Book Room to join related materials on wood engravings. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 reel of duplicate microfilm of A\u0026amp;M 3007, Little Kanawha River Records, moved to duplicate A\u0026amp;M microfilm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 reel of microfilm of the Elizabeth Gazette newspaper, Mar 13 1867 - Jan 11 1869, moved to duplicate newspaper microfilm.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Packet of \"Early 20th Century Commercial Wood Engravings\" booklets (\"The S. George Company/The Gramlee Collection/The Permutation Press,\" \"The Stock/Product Block,\" \"The Monogram Block,\" \"The Barrel Label Block,\" \"The Stock Block,\" and \"The Company Block,\" all copyright 1982 by the Permutation Press) were separated to the Rare Book Room to join related materials on wood engravings.","1 reel of duplicate microfilm of A\u0026M 3007, Little Kanawha River Records, moved to duplicate A\u0026M microfilm.","1 reel of microfilm of the Elizabeth Gazette newspaper, Mar 13 1867 - Jan 11 1869, moved to duplicate newspaper microfilm."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_517856904095c87c6fdf14d024a7399d\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","A.G. Lichtenstein and Associates","Alexandria Canal Company","American Society of Civil Engineers","American Society of Civil Engineers. Committee on History and Heritage of American Civil Engineering","National Rivers and Harbors Congress","Ove Arup \u0026 Partners","Paul D. Marshall \u0026 Associates","Preservation Alliance of West Virginia","Society for Industrial Archeology","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Ohio River Division.","Vandalia Heritage Foundation","West Virginia Independence Hall Foundation","West Virginia University","Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","West Virginia University. Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","Historic American Buildings Survey","Historic American Engineering Record"],"names_coll_ssim":["A.G. Lichtenstein and Associates","Alexandria Canal Company","American Society of Civil Engineers","American Society of Civil Engineers. Committee on History and Heritage of American Civil Engineering","National Rivers and Harbors Congress","Ove Arup \u0026 Partners","Paul D. Marshall \u0026 Associates","Preservation Alliance of West Virginia","Society for Industrial Archeology","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Ohio River Division.","Vandalia Heritage Foundation","West Virginia Independence Hall Foundation","West Virginia University","Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","West Virginia University. Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","Historic American Buildings Survey","Historic American Engineering Record","Kemp, Emory L.","Ellet, Charles, 1777-1847","Fluty, Beverly B.","Peyton, Billy Joe"],"persname_ssim":["Kemp, Emory L.","Ellet, Charles, 1777-1847","Fluty, Beverly B.","Peyton, Billy Joe"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","A.G. Lichtenstein and Associates","Alexandria Canal Company","American Society of Civil Engineers","American Society of Civil Engineers. Committee on History and Heritage of American Civil Engineering","National Rivers and Harbors Congress","Ove Arup \u0026 Partners","Paul D. Marshall \u0026 Associates","Preservation Alliance of West Virginia","Society for Industrial Archeology","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Ohio River Division.","Vandalia Heritage Foundation","West Virginia Independence Hall Foundation","West Virginia University","Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","West Virginia University. Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","Historic American Buildings Survey","Historic American Engineering Record","Kemp, Emory L.","Ellet, Charles, 1777-1847","Fluty, Beverly B.","Peyton, Billy Joe"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":422,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-09-17T13:58:39.669Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEmory Leland Kemp was born to Emory Lelan Kemp and Anita Mae Hucker Kemp on October 1, 1931 in Chicago, Illinois. His family moved to Champaign, Illinois when he was four, and he attended the South Side School and later the University of Illinois High School. Although his teachers at the high school—faculty members at the university—encouraged Kemp to study history, he chose to enter the College of Engineering, just as his father had studied engineering before him. Kemp graduated with a degree in civil engineering in 1952, and the school honored him with the prestigious Ira O. Baker Award as the top-ranked undergraduate student in the Department of Civil Engineering.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Following graduation, Kemp became an assistant engineer with the Illinois Water Survey until war broke out in Korea and the government drafted Kemp into the United States Army. His former boss, now a colonel in the United States Army Corps of Engineers, transferred Kemp to work with the USACE in Alexandria, Virginia. After two years developing a detector for non-magnetic landmines with the USACE, Kemp applied to and accepted a Fulbright Scholarship to study at Imperial College of Science and Technology in London, England. He studied advanced mathematics and developed an interest in thin concrete roofs. In addition to receiving a Diploma of Imperial College (similar to a Master's degree) after two years in London, Kemp also met his life's partner, Janet. The two were married in 1958, and had three children in the United States: Mark, Alison and Geoffrey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e After his diploma, Kemp remained in London and worked on thin concrete shell rooves for Sir Bruce White, Wolfe Barry and Partners. He transferred to Arup and Partners, where he worked on the design behind the Sydney Opera House (developing the pre-stress and post-tension piles on the end of the building) and the hangars at the Royal Air Force Abingdon station. Soon, however, the University of Illinois invited Kemp to return to Champaign to complete a PhD in structural mechanics on full scholarship. He completed a dissertation on torsion in reinforced concrete in 1962.\n \n That same year, a faculty position at West Virginia University's School of Engineering became available. Kemp got the job, so he, Janet, and their children moved to Morgantown, West Virginia. He quickly rose to chair the Civil Engineering Department. Under his administration, the Department grew rapidly and received national acclaim. \n \n When James Harlow became president of West Virginia University (WVU) in 1967, he sent Kemp to the University of Oklahoma to study their History of Science program. Kemp was intrigued, and soon acquired approval to plan a similar course of study through WVU's History Department. He taught classes on the Industrial Revolution and the history of technology, but did not successfully convince the College of Engineering to require its engineering students to take courses in the history of science. \n \n During the 1970s, Kemp became involved in a number of historic preservation projects in West Virginia. First, he got involved in restoring the Wheeling Suspension Bridge, which needed repairs to its suspension wires. Kemp assisted with multiple rounds of restoration on the historic bridge. Then, West Virginia Independence Hall Foundation consulted Kemp on the restoration of the building in which West Virginia seceded from Virginia (although Kemp always referred to the building by its original title, the \"Wheeling Custom House\"). Kemp investigated the nine-inch wrought-iron I-beams that supported the ceilings and upper floors of the building, and assisted the foundation in interpreting the building as a museum.\n \n By the end of the 1970s, Kemp had earned recognition throughout the preservation community. Government agencies contracted with Kemp to document historic industrial and transportation structures through archival photographs and large-scale engineering drawings, so the materials could be submitted to the Historic American Engineering Record. The West Virginia state government also consulted Kemp for a number of projects throughout the 1970s and 1980s, especially involving work on covered bridges. For instance, when the roof of the Philippi Covered Bridge burned in a fire in February 1989, the state hired Kemp to oversee the restoration. Using innovative techniques for covering the top and supporting the old frame with new beams, Kemp gave the bridge its original 1861 appearance. He also assisted in the restoration of the Staats Mill and Barrackville Covered Bridges. Kemp's personal research interests centered on industrial processes in West Virginia, including mining, milling, glassmaking, and railroads. \n \n Kemp also founded and co-founded a number of organizations. First, Kemp got involved with a movement to bring the British discipline of industrial archaeology (the study of physical remnants of industrial structures as a method to understand our manufacturing past) to the United States. Kemp helped to found the Society for Industrial Archeology (SIA) in 1971, served as the first editor of the affiliated journal, IA, in 1975, and eventually became SIA's president from 1988-1990. Kemp also founded the historic preservation and repurposing organization, Vandalia Heritage Foundation, in 1999. He was a founding member of the Preservation Alliance of West Virginia in 1981.\n \n In 1990, Kemp received Congressional funding to establish an Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology (IHTIA) at WVU. The IHTIA, which became Kemp's full time job, provided historic preservation consultations, documented historic structures, held workshops and field schools, and published monographs. Over the course of its history, the IHTIA generated $13 million of research funding and worked on an estimated 86 projects. \n \n \nFor all of Kemp's work to preserve historic structures and encourage the spread of information about the history of industrial technology and transportation, the American Society of Civil Engineers named him a Distinguished Member in 2004. By the time he retired in the early 2000s, Kemp had devoted a lifetime to studying and celebrating America's industrial past. \u003c/p\u003e  "]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c08_c04"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c764","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"WV vs. Nichome Bullett, 1848/1968","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c764#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c764","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c764"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02_c764","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02","parent_ssim":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968","Series 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89), 1848/1968"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"WV vs. Nichome Bullett","title_ssm":["WV vs. Nichome Bullett"],"title_tesim":["WV vs. Nichome Bullett"],"normalized_title_ssm":["WV vs. Nichome Bullett, 1848/1968"],"text":["WV vs. Nichome Bullett, 1848/1968","Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968","Series 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89), 1848/1968","Box S2/Box 46","Folder 8"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968","Series 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89), 1848/1968"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968","Series 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89), 1848/1968"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1848/1968"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1848-1968"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":944,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968"],"containers_ssim":["Box S2/Box 46","Folder 8"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#763","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:10:52.729Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5880","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5880.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198957","title_ssm":["Siler Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Siler Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1848-1968"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1848-1968"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1848/1968"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968"],"text":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968","A\u0026M 2200","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5880","Berkeley Springs (W. Va.)","Town of Bath, West Virginia - Berkeley Springs.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Bank of Berkeley Springs - Banks and Banking.","Banks and Banking - American Institute of Banking.","Banks and Banking - Bank of Berkeley Springs.","Banks and Banking - Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.","Banks and Banking - Financial Public Relations Association.","Banks and Banking - First Virginia Corporation.","Banks and banking","Berkeley Glass Sand Company -- Glass Sand Industry","Berkeley Springs Water Works and Improvement Co. -- Power Industry","Bibles","Blueprints","Bonds -- Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia","Bowling","Poetry --  Nannie S. Castleman","Church schools -- Episcopal High School (Alexandria, Va.)","Churches  -- Episcopal","Civil War -- Confederate newspapers","Civil War -- Description","Civil War - political factions.","Civil War -- Confederate letters","Confederate States of America - secession crisis.","Diaries and journals.","Episcopal Church - Churches.","Estates and estate settlements.","Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond - Banks and Banking.","Financial Public Relations Association - Banks and Banking.","First Virginia Corporation - Banks and Banking.","General stores - Hammond and Siler.","Glass Sand Industry - Berkeley Glass Sand Company.","Glass Sand Industry - Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation.","Hancock Steel Company - Steel.","Insurance - V. E. Johnson Insurance Agency.","Land - deeds and grants.","Land Plat.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Ledgers.","Libraries - Morgan County Library.","Magazines.","Freemasons","Morgan County - Circuit Court.","Morgan County Library - Libraries.","Music - Sheet music.","Northern Virginia Power Company - Power Industry.","Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation - Glass Sand Industry.","Political factions - Civil War.","Politics - Secession of Virginia.","Politics and government.","Railroads - Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.","Railroads - Western Maryland Railroad Company.","Rhodes scholarships","Rock Gap Coal and Mining Company - Stocks.","Scrapbooks","Secession of Virginia - Politics.","Business correspondence","No special access restriction applies.","missing; 2011/04/15; mrr","series 2, box 47, folder 13","--","archives and manuscripts; photographs / postcards / prints / etc.","This is a collection of letters and documents tracing the personal and business life of an eastern panhandle West Virginia family. The papers concern a broad range of political, social, financial, and legal topics, particularly focusing on J. Hammond Siler, Jr., his parents, J. Hammond Siler, Sr. and Jessie Castleman Siler (residents of the Town of Bath better known as Berkeley Springs). Also includes correspondence and other papers from related families. Subjects include banking, the Civil War, the Episcopal church, secession of Virginia, Virginia Loyalty Oath, women's diaries, and women's letters and papers. A notable item in the collection is the diary of Anne Doyne Wolff Strother, wife of artist and writer David Hunter Strother, documenting a trip with husband and daughter Emily to New Orleans in 1857 (S2/Box 67, folder 1a).","Series include:","Series 1. J. Hammond Siler, Jr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S1/Box 1-S1/Box 50\nSeries 2. J. Hammond Siler, Sr. (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S2/Box 1-S2/Box 89\nSeries 3. Jessie Castleman Siler (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S3/Box 1-S3/Box 2\nSeries 4. A.C. Hammond (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S4/Box 1-S4/Box 4\nSeries 5. Ann R. Castleman (ca. 1848-1968), boxes S5/Box 1-S5/Box 2\nSeries 6. Photographs (ca. 1848-1968), box S6/Box 1\nSeries 7. Wrapped Packages (ca. 1848-1968), Wrapped Packages 1-26\nSeries 8. Oversize Material (ca. 1848-1968), box S8/Box 1","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Montgomery Ward","American Red Cross","Sears, Roebuck and Company","Steel - Hancock Steel Company.","Great Cacapon Silica Sand Company","Seiler family","Campbell family","Castleman family - Genealogy","Hammond family - Genealogy","Humphries family - Genealogy","Isler family - Genealogy","Shepard family - Genealogy","Seller family - Genealogy","Armstrong, James D.","Castleman, Ann Rebecca Isler.","Castleman, Estelle.","Castleman, Frank A.","Castleman, Sarah Jane.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Hammond, Allen C.","Hammond, Cadet N.","Hotee, John.","Randolph, Emily Strother.","Rinehart, E. A.","Siler, J. Hammond Jr.","Siler, J. Hammond Sr.","Siler, Jessie Castleman.","Siler, John T.","Strother, Anne Doyne.","Van Gosen, James D.","Whisner, Samuel.","Widmyer, P. S.","Hardin, Moses","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968"],"collection_ssim":["Siler Family Papers, 1848/1968"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2200","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5880"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2200","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5880"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Berkeley Springs (W. Va.)","Town of Bath, West Virginia - Berkeley Springs.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["Berkeley Springs (W. Va.)","Town of Bath, West Virginia - Berkeley Springs.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["Berkeley Springs (W. Va.)","Town of Bath, West Virginia - Berkeley Springs.","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Seiler family"],"creator_ssim":["Seiler family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Armstrong, James D.","Castleman, Ann Rebecca Isler.","Castleman, Estelle.","Castleman, Frank A.","Castleman, Sarah Jane.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Hammond, Allen C.","Hammond, Cadet N.","Hotee, John.","Randolph, Emily Strother.","Rinehart, E. A.","Siler, J. Hammond Jr.","Siler, J. Hammond Sr.","Siler, Jessie Castleman.","Siler, John T.","Strother, Anne Doyne.","Van Gosen, James D.","Whisner, Samuel.","Widmyer, P. S.","Hardin, Moses"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Montgomery Ward","American Red Cross","Sears, Roebuck and Company","Steel - Hancock Steel Company.","Great Cacapon Silica Sand Company"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Seiler family","Campbell family","Castleman family - Genealogy","Hammond family - Genealogy","Humphries family - Genealogy","Isler family - Genealogy","Shepard family - Genealogy","Seller family - Genealogy"],"creators_ssim":["Armstrong, James D.","Castleman, Ann Rebecca Isler.","Castleman, Estelle.","Castleman, Frank A.","Castleman, Sarah Jane.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Hammond, Allen C.","Hammond, Cadet N.","Hotee, John.","Randolph, Emily Strother.","Rinehart, E. A.","Siler, J. Hammond Jr.","Siler, J. Hammond Sr.","Siler, Jessie Castleman.","Siler, John T.","Strother, Anne Doyne.","Van Gosen, James D.","Whisner, Samuel.","Widmyer, P. S.","Hardin, Moses","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Institute of Banking","Baltimore Trust Company","Bull and Bear Club","Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia - Bonds.","Emerald Shillelagh Chowder and Marching Society, Inc.","Hammond and Siler General Store.","Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates","Montgomery Ward","American Red Cross","Sears, Roebuck and Company","Steel - Hancock Steel Company.","Great Cacapon Silica Sand Company","Seiler family","Campbell family","Castleman family - Genealogy","Hammond family - Genealogy","Humphries family - Genealogy","Isler family - Genealogy","Shepard family - Genealogy","Seller family - Genealogy"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase from (in process), (in process)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Bank of Berkeley Springs - Banks and Banking.","Banks and Banking - American Institute of Banking.","Banks and Banking - Bank of Berkeley Springs.","Banks and Banking - Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.","Banks and Banking - Financial Public Relations Association.","Banks and Banking - First Virginia Corporation.","Banks and banking","Berkeley Glass Sand Company -- Glass Sand Industry","Berkeley Springs Water Works and Improvement Co. -- Power Industry","Bibles","Blueprints","Bonds -- Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia","Bowling","Poetry --  Nannie S. Castleman","Church schools -- Episcopal High School (Alexandria, Va.)","Churches  -- Episcopal","Civil War -- Confederate newspapers","Civil War -- Description","Civil War - political factions.","Civil War -- Confederate letters","Confederate States of America - secession crisis.","Diaries and journals.","Episcopal Church - Churches.","Estates and estate settlements.","Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond - Banks and Banking.","Financial Public Relations Association - Banks and Banking.","First Virginia Corporation - Banks and Banking.","General stores - Hammond and Siler.","Glass Sand Industry - Berkeley Glass Sand Company.","Glass Sand Industry - Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation.","Hancock Steel Company - Steel.","Insurance - V. E. Johnson Insurance Agency.","Land - deeds and grants.","Land Plat.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Ledgers.","Libraries - Morgan County Library.","Magazines.","Freemasons","Morgan County - Circuit Court.","Morgan County Library - Libraries.","Music - Sheet music.","Northern Virginia Power Company - Power Industry.","Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation - Glass Sand Industry.","Political factions - Civil War.","Politics - Secession of Virginia.","Politics and government.","Railroads - Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.","Railroads - Western Maryland Railroad Company.","Rhodes scholarships","Rock Gap Coal and Mining Company - Stocks.","Scrapbooks","Secession of Virginia - Politics.","Business correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Bank of Berkeley Springs - Banks and Banking.","Banks and Banking - American Institute of Banking.","Banks and Banking - Bank of Berkeley Springs.","Banks and Banking - Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.","Banks and Banking - Financial Public Relations Association.","Banks and Banking - First Virginia Corporation.","Banks and banking","Berkeley Glass Sand Company -- Glass Sand Industry","Berkeley Springs Water Works and Improvement Co. -- Power Industry","Bibles","Blueprints","Bonds -- Citizens Trust and Guaranty Company of West Virginia","Bowling","Poetry --  Nannie S. Castleman","Church schools -- Episcopal High School (Alexandria, Va.)","Churches  -- Episcopal","Civil War -- Confederate newspapers","Civil War -- Description","Civil War - political factions.","Civil War -- Confederate letters","Confederate States of America - secession crisis.","Diaries and journals.","Episcopal Church - Churches.","Estates and estate settlements.","Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond - Banks and Banking.","Financial Public Relations Association - Banks and Banking.","First Virginia Corporation - Banks and Banking.","General stores - Hammond and Siler.","Glass Sand Industry - Berkeley Glass Sand Company.","Glass Sand Industry - Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation.","Hancock Steel Company - Steel.","Insurance - V. E. Johnson Insurance Agency.","Land - deeds and grants.","Land Plat.","Lawyers - letters and papers.","Ledgers.","Libraries - Morgan County Library.","Magazines.","Freemasons","Morgan County - Circuit Court.","Morgan County Library - Libraries.","Music - Sheet music.","Northern Virginia Power Company - Power Industry.","Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corporation - Glass Sand Industry.","Political factions - Civil War.","Politics - Secession of Virginia.","Politics and government.","Railroads - Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.","Railroads - Western Maryland Railroad Company.","Rhodes scholarships","Rock Gap Coal and Mining Company - Stocks.","Scrapbooks","Secession of Virginia - Politics.","Business correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["66.6 Linear Feet Summary: 66 ft. 7 in. (149 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (1 small flat storage box, 3 1/2 in.); (2 oversize folders, 2 in.); (25 wrapped packages, 3 ft. 8 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["66.6 Linear Feet Summary: 66 ft. 7 in. 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