{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Military+Institute+Archives\u0026view=list","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Military+Institute+Archives\u0026page=2\u0026view=list","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Military+Institute+Archives\u0026page=36\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":36,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":356,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_613_c01_c02","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"13th Virginia Light Artillery, 1864","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_613_c01_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_613_c01_c02","ref_ssm":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_613_c01_c02"],"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_613_c01_c02","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_613","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_613","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_613_c01","parent_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_613_c01","parent_ssim":["James H. 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Reid papers, 1862/1867"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"language_ssim":["English."],"date_range_isim":[1864],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_613","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_613","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_613","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_613","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_613.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00028.xml","title_ssm":["James H. Reid papers"],"title_tesim":["James H. Reid papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1867"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1867"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/1867"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James H. Reid papers, 1862/1867"],"text":["James H. Reid papers, 1862/1867","MS.0222","/repositories/3/resources/613","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Light Artillery Battalion, 13th","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1866","Virginia Military Institute—Curricula","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—Anecdotes","Virginia Military Institute—Academics—History—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Slang","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Correspondence","There are no restrictions.","A portion of the James H. Reid papers are avaliable \nonline.","James Henry Reid was born in 1845 in Brentsville, Prince William County, Virginia to James Henry Reid, Sr. and Amy Ann Tolson. Reid entered VMI in 1862 and resigned in January 1864 to join the Confederate Army. He served from 1864 to 1865 as a Private in Company A, 13th Battalion, Virginia Light Artillery (Otey's Battery) and was paroled at Appomattox, Virginia.","During the post-War years, Reid engaged in many professions, including that of teacher, justice of the peace, notary public, bookkeeper, banker, and farmer. He married Beulah Reese on December 10, 1868, at Christ Church, Alexandria, Virginia. They had several children. Much of Reid's life was spent in Prince William County, Virginia, where he died in 1921. He is buried in Manassas, Virginia.","V.M.I.\nAug 10, 1862","Dear Pa\nHaving nothing else to do this evening I thought I would write to you although I had just seen you yesterday morning. After I left you I went up to Barracks \u0026 staid in my room all the morning. After dinner I had a very bad headache so I laid down \u0026 went to sleep whilst Henderson, Lee \u0026 Read went to town.","After supper the Corporal of the Guard came for me to go on guard at an outer post \u0026 was very particular in telling me to let no one pass without the countersign, but he would give me no load to put in my gun. After he left about 25 cadets came down \u0026 wanted to take my gun but I stuck one of them with my bayonet not very hard (for I knew it was all a trick to frighten me) \u0026 drove them off but they came back with guns \u0026 got my gun away. The Corporal came \u0026 made a big fuss saying he would have to be responsible for my neglect of duty, but I told him how 25 with guns could easily take one man but he said I must be court martialed \u0026 sent me to\nthe guard house but in fact Sub Profs. Wise \u0026 Semmes room, kept me in there some time \u0026 saw I was not to be fooled so let me go. That ended yesterday.","I went up town to the Church, I don't know what kind of church but think it was Presbyterian. Came back went to dinner \u0026 am now in my room No.76. Tell Ma to send my box about a foot or less any size about six inches high, I think she has one with my 2 shirts with the 2 collars, as soon as possible if she don't I will have watch money or nothing in a few days. I must close.\nPlease excuse writing as my fingers have all been put out of joint today \u0026 I can hardly write.\nWith love to all I remain.","Your affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid","P.S. Tell Mrs. Holcombe Tommy is getting on very well, is very studious \u0026 and fat as a pig. Remember me to Mrs. Brown, Mr. Brown, \u0026 every body who think enough of me to inquire after me. Tell Mac he ought to be here the bucking would not hurt him. Please send me some stamps. Henry.","VMI Aug 14, 1862","Dear Pa\nI received your letter about two hours ago just after dinner \u0026 was very glad to hear from you. I hope you have got me a box large enough to hold my collars hank \u0026, not a writing desk it is rather too small but perhaps I can make it do. The Staff Va buttons I would rather have than the V.M.I. Please send me a dozen.","I have bought a mattress for $7 whereas I would have to pay the quartermaster $14, but it should come out of the money which Gen. Smith holds \u0026 I consider I have saved $7. I borrowed it from Thomas Henderson because I did not want to use my small notes. I paid also 75 cts for a chair. Please send me $10. I may want to buy some thing else. I have spent 25 cts since I have been here.","Our studies are math \u0026 French. I am in the 8th section, 4th class math; 4th section, 4th class French. We will have more studies after the first of September. Geo., composition \u0026 some one or two other things. I will make 13 in French this week \u0026 14 in math. 15 is the highest \u0026 none have made 15 since I have been here.","I got 11 demerits the first day, 7 the second, 5 the third, 3 the fourth, 1 the fifth, \u0026 none since. I got off from all of them \u0026 all say I have got less demerits than any Rat that has come here this year. We get up at 5 to Rev, eat at 7 also at 1, squad drill at 5, dress parade at 6 \u0026 supper at\n7, Tattoo at 9½, \u0026 taps at 10. I have been on guard twice since I have been here.","I like the V.M.I very much \u0026 do not dislike the fare. Have fattened about 10 lbs. I have my white uniform \u0026 I think it improves me very much. All I want are the buttons. I don't understand you about the vest. I don't want one it will be no use. How do you do in the office with Mr. Jamieson. Please write me. Tell Mac McLean I am going to write to him as soon as I get things\nstraightened up.","I have three very nice room mates. F. Lee, S. Read \u0026 T. Henderson, all from Lynchburg, very kind \u0026 accomodating fellows. I have heard no news for I don't know how long, not since you left. Don't know where Jackson, Pope or any of our armies are. Please send me a paper with a great deal of news in it, for I want to hear something about military affairs.","Our clothes come in every Wednesday \u0026 Saturday evening. Last Wednesday evening they all came in \u0026 an old cadet by the name of Exall ordered me to carry his box of clothes up. It was more than I could stand so I pitched in I thrashed him pretty badly. The other cadets did not blame me but he collected some of his friends of the same feather \u0026 caught me, at least\njumped upon me suddenly Monday night as I was coming off guard with my gun lying carelessly across my shoulder, tied me \u0026 hung me over the door until I had no life in me \u0026 they had to throw water in my face, bathe my head \u0026c to bring me to. Yesterday I met two of them, the old cadets said they would see fair play so I beat one at a time all to pieces, knocked one's teeth down his throat, at least 2 of them in which I got one eye pretty black. Since then an order has been read out dismissing them for impudence to Major Shipp. None of the Subs found out about the fight though they saw there had been a fight some where. Please write often \u0026 long.\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid","P.S. Remember me to Mr. \u0026 Mrs. Brown \u0026 every body else. Tell Mrs. Holcombe Tommy is well \u0026 sends his love. Henry.","V.M.I. Aug 18 1862","Dear Pa\nThe desk \u0026 was recd safely Saturday morning. I walked down to the landing \u0026 got it myself, had to pay 50cts on it. All the things were in good order. Your letter \u0026 Ma's were safely recd., stamps, $2, buttons, shirts \u0026. Very much obliged for the apples \u0026 sugar, do not know what to do with the sugar unless I eat it so, No I will not do that, I will take it down to Mess Hall tonight \u0026 sweeten my milk with it and have a sort of Ice Cream.","One of my roommates Read S has gone to Lynchburg (you have probably seen him before this) on furlough. Please send by him some undershirts for it is very cold up here. I was on guard about 2'oclock last night \u0026 had nothing but my white clothes on, I very near froze. I would write for my thick winter coat but Gen. Smith recd a letter yesterday from Charleston saying the cloth had run the blockade \u0026 arrived safely. It will be here in a few days, so I will try \u0026 stand it as my order for Jacket, pants \u0026 overcoat is 3rd in the list \u0026 Mr. Vanderslice will soon make it. Gen. Smith says he has $30,000 worth of cloth about 15,000 yards or more because it did not cost $2 per yard in Europe.","Don't forget my buttons, send them by Read. Also $10 for mattress, chair \u0026. Send my other blanket as soon as you can, but do not pay a big price for me. I would rather wait a while.","My left little finger has been broke, but I am in hopes it will soon be well. My eye is well but some of the old cadets who have been on furlough \u0026 returned are very hard on Rats \u0026 I heard a cadet say this morning \"I pity the Rats now.\"","I will answer Ma's letter before long. I have now written four letters in a week so you must make them last for sometime. Write often,\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid","Remember me to all my friends \u0026 write me about Mr. Brown's boarders \u0026. My pillow is a great deal of use.","V.M.I. Aug 26 1862","Dear Pa\nHaving just recd your letter of the 21st I proceed to answer it at once.","In regard to my maltreatment I went next morning at sick roll call to see Dr. Madison who examined my neck \u0026 finger. He said my finger was right badly hurt and bound it up with two little boards, but my neck was not injured. My finger is nearly well but still swollen. If I had known in Lynchburg how I was to be treated I never would have consented to come, but since I have passed through it I don't think I will be molested any more, especially as Gen. Smith allowed the same fellows that maltreated me to resign for nearly killing a rat named Cocke, a son of Philip St. George Cocke, \u0026 all of them have gone home some days ago.","I have been right sick for several days. Had a chill Saturday \u0026 Sunday but went to the Dr. yesterday morning who gave me some white stuff something like chalk, which entirely relieved me except that it gave me a severe head ache.","We Rats have not any studying to do this week because of the examination which is progressing. The 1, 2, 3, 4, \u0026 5 sections, 4th Class expect to enter the 3rd Class, so then I will be in the 3 section, 4th Class whereas I am now in the 8th. Perhaps I may go in the 2nd or 1st. I made 15, the highest mark to be made, on Math last week \u0026 14 6/10 on French, which is also a very high mark as none in the class made higher.","In place of studying this week they try to drill us to death. We get up to Rev at 5, go to squad drill at 5½, \u0026 drill till 6½, go to breakfast parade at 7, go on guard mounting at 8, squad drill from 11 to 12, Dinner parade at 1, squad drill again at 5 to 6, dress parade from 6¼ to ¼7, evening parade at 7, \u0026 tattoo at 9½. Besides we are on guard twice in every week, stand one\nhour in the night each time.","I have no demerits so fair, will try \u0026 keep from getting them. I was very much surprised to see in an old Lynchburg paper the notice of Clem's departure. Write me about it \u0026 if he carried off any thing belonging to the Co. or your key, for you always gave it to him at night \u0026 I suppose he left in the night. I must close as it is very near 5 clk. Tell Ma to write to me with love to all,\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid","It takes 6 years single width of cloth to make me a uniform. Please send also 4 yards double width of Flannagan cloth to make me an overcoat. I want Browns cloth for my uniform \u0026 Flannagans for my overcoat. 6 yards single \u0026 4 yards double width. Be sure to put it up so it will not look like cloth, as any thing of that kind is stolen directly.","V.M.I. Aug 28 1862","Dear Pa \u0026 Ma\nI recd my box safely this morning and enjoyed the contents very much, but was disappointed at not finding the small Va. buttons as I had plenty of large V.M.I. buttons \u0026 did not want any large Va. The shirts, collars, cakes \u0026 apples all recd safe \u0026 sound. You need not have troubled yourselves about the apples as we get the best even nicer than you sent for 5 cts per doz \u0026\nsometimes cheaper. Peaches are considered high at 10 \u0026 15 cts, plenty of pears, plums \u0026.","I have not heard from Bro yet, expect a letter today. Write me about Clem's departure. I think Mr. Jamieson treated you very badly after he had accepted the place. You ought to get some body to take the place as you cannot do every thing.","My finger is a great deal better tho still swollen and a little crooked. It will get straight in the course of time. I have not been maltreated much lately. I must close with love to all, I remain,\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid","P.S. Please send my cloth as soon as possible, 6½ yards of Brown's \u0026 4 yards of Flannagan's as I wrote you in my last for my uniform \u0026 overcoat. 6½ single width for uniform, 4 double width overcoat \u0026 small Va staff buttons.","V.M.I. Sep 14 1862","Dear Pa\nYour letter was recd several days ago for which I am very much obliged as it has relieved me of a great deal of twisting \u0026.","Gen. Smith has gone to Gen. Jackson's army with his son (who you saw, he was adjutant of the V.M.I.) who has the position of first Lieutenant in the C.S.A. (Artillery). He will return in a few days, when he does I will ask him about the cloth \u0026 write you immediately.","Since the first of Sept I have been getting up at 5 oclk to Rev., squad drill from 5½ to 6½, breakfast at 7, go in to recite math at 8, Geography at 11, drawing, composition and French till 4, squad drill at 5, \u0026 Dress Parade at 6, supper at 7, \u0026 Tattoo at 9½.","The last week I made 15 on French (max 15) \u0026 14 6/10 on Math. They did not mark us on the other studies as we have just commenced. The reason I make such good marks in Math is because we are in the first part of Algebra \u0026 I have been over it before. If I could make 13 every week on math I would stand near the top of my class, but when we get over in the middle of the book I don't expect to average 11. Very few will make more. I am i the 7th section in alphabetical order. In French I will stand about 7 in the class.","Over 100 cadets were found deficient at the last examination \u0026 of course a great many of them will stand above me on Math. Frank Smith was so sure of being found deficient that he went home on furlough \u0026 did not even run for the 3rd class.","I have 5 demerits. It happened in this way. I was orderly of the room (an orderly is a cadet who is detailed every Sunday morning. He sweeps out the room, brings water \u0026 is responsible for noises \u0026). Some of the boys made a noise. I as orderly was reported for \"noise after Taps\" (after Taps is after the lights have been put out). All of them denied making any noise \u0026 I\nas orderly had to take the report. I don't think I will get any more for some time.","I am getting very tired of the V.M.I. \u0026 would a great deal rather be with you in the office than here, especially as you have no one to assist you. I know you have a great deal to do.","If our army goes into Alexandria I would like very much to go also. Write \u0026 let me know because if the army goes in it will not stay any length of time.","Ten cadets deserted the other day \u0026 10 or 12 more are making preparations to leave also. There is a rumor that all cadets over 18 will be taken as conscripts. I don't know how true it is, if so the Institute will be broken up unless they are exempted by Congress. I think by studying Gilham a little I might get an office in the army for I have learned a great deal about it. With love to Ma \u0026 all my friends.","I remain\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid.","V.M.I. Sep 20, 1862","Dear Pa\nYour letter written from Richmond was recd several days ago, and your letter of the 18th recd today.","When I first entered the Institute I liked it very well, but in the last two or three weeks I have become very much dissatisfied. Amongst other things I do not get enough to eat. My seat is in the middle of a long table. At breakfast a pitcher of milk is put at both ends \u0026 by the time it passes down to me there is no milk left so I have to eat dry bread, same at supper. Today at dinner I was so hungry that I ate a piece of rotten beef although it smelled very badly, \u0026 a small piece of bread. Since then I have thrown up several times and still feel very badly in my stomach. My only resource is to buy some apples \u0026 fill up with them. (Capt. Whitwell the Commissary says the fare will be better in a week or so). I felt so badly last Thursday night that I could not prepare any lessons and made zero which reduced my mark a great deal for the week. I am also inclined to some kind of disease in my stomach, my food constantly coming up in my mouth \u0026 my throat hurting me but perhaps that may wear off. I had a cold sweat last night which I don't like very much. I intend going to morrow to see Dr. Madison about it.","I have 13 demerits, 5 for noise after taps, 3 for no regulations in room (I did not know that we were obliged to have them in our room) \u0026 5 for falling out of ranks at drill. The way I came to fall out was thus. For the last two or three weeks we have been double‐quicked nearly to death \u0026 the evening on which I fell out I was very unwell \u0026 double‐quicked until I could go no further. So I fell out \u0026 came to my room. I told Maj. Shipp how it was but he refused to take it off. I don't think I will get any more for some time. There are very few who have as few demerits as me. Thomas Henderson had 40 3 weeks ago. I don't know how many he has now about 60 I suppose \u0026 he has only been here 10 days longer than me. He will be dismissed for neglect of studies unless he alters a great deal. He is the most good‐for‐nothing fellow I ever came across. Has not as much sense as his sister Julia.","I have learned so rapidly lately that they have put me in Company drill, which I am very glad of for it is nothing like as hard as Squad drill.","I asked Gen. Smith this morning about the cloth. He said he did not know when he would get cloth so you had better send mine up. He has given some boys furloughs to go home to provide their winter clothing. He says if I get the gray like you have his will be something like it and I will not want another uniform. Please send it on a Friday so that I can go down \u0026 get it on Saturday. You know how much to send for uniform \u0026 overcoat. The uniform of Brown's \u0026 the overcoat of Flannagan's I wrote you some time ago how much it took to make them. I reckon you had better wait till Ma comes back before you send it but be sure to send it on a Friday. Bundle it up good and write me when you sent it so I will know when to look out for it. I must close with love to all,","I remain,\nYour affectionate son, J. Henry Reid.","P.S. We have not begun to drill Artillery yet, perhaps not at all. Please write me what Bro is doing, what his position, \u0026.","V.M.I. Sept 27 1862","Dear Pa\nI recd your letter day before yesterday, but did not know what to make of its contents. It ran thus, \"I do not think Henry has yet acknowledged the receipt of a package sent him about two weeks ago in the care of a Cadet going to the V.M.I. Capt. Wilkinson was off the line and at the moment of starting the Capt. of the boat was so occupied and I so hurried in getting ashore that I left the package with the Cadet and handed him 25 to pay freight on it. It contained 2 blankets and something else perhaps buttons.\"","It seems the letter is not addressed to me but to somebody else. I recd the package safely, blankets \u0026 buttons and thought I had written you so. I am very much obliged to you for the blankets are a great deal of use these cold nights, for we nearly freeze.","I can either get $4 for my buttons or get 3 doz cadets buttons for them. Please when you send my cloth send my cap cover. It belonged to the cap I sold Boyd Smith. Ma knows where it is she put it away, also my skates, they are in the barrel. Let me know when you send the cloth. Please send it on a Friday so I can go down \u0026 get it on Saturday.","I have been very sick in the last week and got the report \"not studious\" which Dr. Madison will excuse me from. I made very poor marks \u0026 got some 10 or 12 demerits for absent from roll call \u0026. Maj. Shipp assures me Dr. Madison will excuse me from all my demerits so I will be free once more from demerit. I have 20 so far but will write my excuses Monday and send them in\nto Gen Smith's office. In intend to try next week to make up in my studies also. The eating does not improve \u0026 I am nearly starved. Much as I can do to keep up. I nearly froze on guard last night \u0026 expect to freeze tonight. I think when I get off from my demerit I can easily keep from them.","I must close. Write me the news about Bro with love to all. I remain,\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid.","V .M.I. Sept 30 1862","Dear Pa\nI recd your letter yesterday morning after I had written you in answer to a letter recd several days ago. I am very glad to hear that the cloth will be here so soon, as it is very cold late at night and early in the morning with my white uniform, and besides I nearly freeze when I go on guard at night (every 4th night). Since I recd the blankets I have been very comfortable at\nnight.","Speaking of the fare I could not get milk or bread, the only thing you can buy up here is apples, and you have to live on them. At breakfast this morning I took a small piece of bread for my dinner (I did not intend to go to dinner), and was reported for \"carrying provisions from Hall.\" Don't you think that is hard.","I have been sick now for nearly two weeks \u0026 have fallen off about 25 pounds. Dr. Madison has been giving me quinine and some kind of acid, which does me a little good but about 4 oclock every evening I have a very high fever which lasts till after bed time. I have had it regularly every evening for two weeks. I understand Dr. Madison said this morning that the fare here\nwas calculated to give any body the Typhoid fever. I hope they will change it, for the milk affects me just as it does you. I don't know what you call the disease but think it is the \"dyspepsia\". I have attended to nearly all my duty since I have been sick, but I will go into the Hospital if it continues much longer.","I have gotten off from all my demerits except \"noise after taps,\" 5 demerits which I think when Maj. Shipp returns I will get off from. I got a report yesterday for grabbing provisions which I intend to deny for I can prove by 3 or 4 that I did not do it. The Sergeant who reported me says himself he may have been mistaken in the person. I cannot get off until Maj. Shipp returns (report says he has gone off to be married.) I have another report for \"allowing visiting whilst on Post on 25th\". I was not on post on that day, but a rat by the name of Reed T. from Winchester was. I will refer that to him, also a report loitering on post. I think I can get off from all but the 5 for \"noise after Taps.\"","I have been made Section marcher to the 8th section, 4th class math (the duty of a Section Marcher is to call the roll of his section every time it goes into recite, also to march the section in, report all absentees \u0026 is responsible for all trifling \u0026 talking in ranks \u0026c. Frank Smith is in my section, he is on furlough at present.","What is the news? Our army had gone into Maryland \u0026 returned before I knew they were really in Maryland. Have you heard from Charlottesville lately? How is Miss McPherson \u0026 all our friends. I must close. With love to all, I remain\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid","Please don't forget the cap cover \u0026 skates. A young fellow by the name of Waller came here from Lynchburg \u0026 was shipped in 5 days. Mrs. Brown knows him very well. I have moved over on the side of barracks towards Gen. Smith's, No. 75 with Henderson, Wright from N.C., White from this place, Griffin from Roanoke \u0026 myself. Very pleasant roommates so far except Henderson, but we keep him under. Tell Ma to write me all the news of her trip \u0026c. Every boy in barracks has remarked how poor I am \u0026 you know how poor I was when I left Lynchburg.","V.M.I. Oct 5 1862","Dear Ma\nI recd your letter yesterday morning and would have answered it yesterday (Saturday) but I had a great deal to do before going on Battalion Inspection (the first time I have been on). I recd the cloth safely, also skates, cap cover \u0026 apples for which I am very much obliged. Gen. Smith told me yesterday morning that he thought he could get cloth in 2 or 3 weeks, but he\nwould not have enough to give the cadets overcoats, only jackets \u0026 pants. If so I will keep the fine and only use the coarse for an overcoat \u0026 if he gives me jacket \u0026 pants I will send the other back. You say in your letter you send both cap covers. I recd only one. Please send the other for this one does not suit the cap \u0026 I can easily sell it.","Pa says in his letter \"as to your freezing on post at night, it seems to me the woollen clothes you carried ought to protect you.\" I never brought any woollen clothes with me. The only woollen thing I brought was my cloth coat \u0026 that I put in the arsenal soon after I came here \u0026 there were about 75 trunks on top of mine but I went in yesterday \u0026 got some boys to help me \u0026 got my coat out. White, one of my roommates, has bought a very good overcoat which I can wear at night. It keeps me quite comfortable. I think I can get along as far as clothes are concerned. You need not trouble yourself about sending me anything to eat as probably in a box of cakes I would get 2 or 3 to eat (you need not send my file). I will see a servt. about getting me some thing to eat or apply to change my seat which I think I can easily do.","Maj. Shipp has not returned yet, when he does I will see about my demerits. About 30 cadets are going to be shipped for having over 100 demerits in six months, 5 were sent off yesterday. Adie from Leesburg, Helm from Warrn., Grant \u0026 2 Williams from Richmond. Patton nephew of Geo. A Smith \u0026 Gilham son of Col. Gilham are amongst the number. Old cadets say they are more stringent now than they have ever been before. As soon as a cadet gets 100 he is sent home \u0026 somebody else comes in to fill his place. There is not one in the Institute who has not over 25. Tom Henderson has about 60 \u0026 if he don't get off from some he will be shipped.","I must close as I have to go to Bible class, which recites in a few moments. With love to all I remain.\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid.","V.M.I. Oct 12 1862. Sunday.","Dear Pa \u0026 Ma\nI recd your letter day before yesterday, also the box \u0026 letter yesterday, for which I am very much obliged. I was very hungry when the box came \u0026 I certainly enjoyed the sweet potatoes, bread \u0026 jelly \u0026. But I am afraid I cannot eat any more because I have a rising in my ear which Dr. Madison cut yesterday. It is swollen up so much this evening that I can hardly open my\nmouth much less eat. I intend to try \u0026 keep my things until it gets so I can eat. The bread is the best thing as I can buy some butter \u0026 have very good eating.","If I had recd your letter about a week ago when I was sick I should certainly have applied for a furlough, but I have so far recovered that I think I can get along here, especially as it takes all the studying I can do to keep up with my class. If I go home I will be thrown back \u0026 will probably never catch up again. I would like very much to go but would rather wait till Christmas when we have 2 weeks vacation.","You need not be afraid of my being shipped for demerits as I have only 10. 5 for noise after taps, 3 for being late at Dress Parade (I had to go to the Surgeon's Office and as I came back stopped at the Tailor shop to be measured, the drum beat \u0026 before I could get to my room \u0026 get my gun my company had fallen in), \u0026 2 for throwing water on stoop. One of my roommates\nthrew the water on but denied it. I, as orderly, had to take the report. It has been some time since I got a report \u0026 I don't think I will get any more demerit.","Wm Gordon's son arrived yesterday. He is the greenest rat I ever saw--has no sense at all. I must close with love to all. I remain,\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid.","V.M.I. Oct. 18, 1862","Dear Pa\nI recd your letter this evening and according to your request I answer immediately.","As well as I remember the report for Oct \u0026 Nov 1861 were put up in envelopes in bundles \u0026 were in the little box on the right hand side of the closet as you go in. They were mixed up with other months I think, but I am not sure. I know how troublesome it will be to find them. Undo the bundles and you will see marked on the backs of the envelopes the month \u0026 dates.","My ear has nearly gotton well but it pained me a great deal. The rising went up into my head \u0026 stopped up the opening so that Dr. Madison had to cut through the lower part, which gave me a great deal of pain. It is however now nearly well.","I have had my uniform made which makes me feel quite comfortable. Gen. Smith expected to get some cloth from near Winchester, but Gen. Lee pressed it for his army and Gen. Smith will have to do without it. I don't know what the Rats will do.","I went up town to day \u0026 had the pleasure of seeing Miss Cassy Reeder from Waynesboro. She says all were well when she left. I have gotten off from all my demerits \u0026 will try not to get any more. I must close. With love to all I remain,\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid","P.S. Please send me my old cadet pants, old gray ones, some Friday. Ma knows which ones.","V.M.I. Oct 26 1862","Dear Ma\nI recd your letters and also the box day before yesterday, for which I am very much obliged. I enjoyed the bread very much and will have the potatoes cooked today. I enjoyed the bread very much. It rained very hard \u0026 I did not go to dinner so I came up to my room and eat nearly all of my rolls. I intend to get to the Old Judge (an old negro man who cooks all our Beef) to cook them this evening.","You may sell my Jacket \u0026 Overcoat if you want to, but don't you think my overcoat will make me a good coat or vest when cloth gets scarce, but you can dojust as you please. It is in the largest box at the office with my gun. My winter coat vest \u0026 pants will fit me a year, hence do not sell them. I have gotten entirely well and have to study hard to catch up \u0026 keep up with my section. I have had another rising in my ear but hope it will soon be well.","I have gotton off from all my demerits but 8, 5 for allowing visiting \u0026 3 for loitering on post. The way I got the first was in this way. I was on Post no3 when the Inspector visited. I made all the rooms on my post report just before the Inspector visited. They all reported \"all right\" but the Inspector caught someone visiting \u0026 reported me as sentinel for allowing visiting. I told Capt. Semmes (who was acting commandant in Maj. Ship's absence) how it was but he would not let me off. Maj. Ship would have taken it off I am sure about loitering on post. I know nothing about it and will get off I think.","I have an opportunity of buying a first rate pair of high top shoes made something like the gaiters Pa got in Washington (which were the best shoes I ever had) for $15. Mr. White the father of one of my roommates who has a store up town had them before the war and offers them to me as a special favor (they do not fit his son). They are the finest calf-skin double soles worth $25 or $30 in Richmond or Lynchburg. I will need them this winter as my English shoes have proved a failure and have worn out already. If Pa thinks I had better take them he can send me a check or if he thinks not I will not get them. It is certainly a bargain \u0026 I am sure I will need them.","They have not commenced to heat up barracks yet. Some say they will not commence till Christmas. Gen. Smith has succeeded in getting cloth so I will have 2 uniforms. I have done without an overcoat \u0026 if I get a cadet overcoat I will send my cloth back home. It is very cold getting up at 5 oclk without any fire \u0026 going out \u0026 drilling an hour.","How do you get along with your envelopes. Write \u0026 tell me. I must close. Please excuse this hastily written eltter as I am writing in a cold room without any fire. With love to all I remain.\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid","P.S. I wish you could take a trip over here but it will cost a great deal I suppose and would hardly be worth while if I go home Christmas.","V.M.I. Saturday 9 o'Clock a.m.","Dear Pa\nI recd your very kind letter on Monday evening and would have answered it before, but that I wanted to write you a long letter \u0026 thought I would wait till today (Saturday) because I had not time to write you but a very short one in a week day especially when we have so much to do.","Gen. Smith seems determined to pick math into our heads. He gives some 20 or 30 pages of Algebra every day and you may know how much I have studied when I tell you, that all the time I went to Mr. Kirk's, Mr. Smith's \u0026 Mr. Scott's, I only went through my Arithmetic and very little Algebra, whereas I have been here only three months and have gone through my Algebra and will go into Geometry in a few weeks or perhaps sooner.","I had worked my way up to the 2nd section math, but when I was sick I fell so far back that I could not keep up with it, and I was transfered to the 8th section. I make only tolerably good marks because whilst I was sick the class went over a great deal that I did not understand \u0026 I have to study hard to understand it. I however make good marks in French and make the max\nin Geography nearly every week. The way Geo. is taught is a very good one. When we go into the Section room, Colonel Williamson sends one of us to the Blackboard and tells us to draw the map of such a country or state with all of its rivers towns \u0026. It was very hard to me at first but I can draw a pretty good map now. In French I have gone through the Grammars and will\nbegin to read Gil Blas on Monday. I make the max or within a few tenths of it every week (you may not understand me when I say tenths. The way they mark us is this, if you make a perfect recitation they mark you thirty tenths or three whole ones \u0026 skin you by tenths according as you recite. On compostion they have not commenced to mark us.","I know the fare we get is not sufficient for this season. I have therefore made an arrangement with a servant to supply me with some chicken some butter and some good bread every five days in a week at $1.25. I intend to try and get him down to $1. If he furnishes it to me in Mess Hall they will report me for private dish. I therefore stay away from dinner and he brings it to me in my room. He has furnished me now for four days and I will owe him after today $1.25 and I have only 50cts left. I will get him to trust me and pay him at the end of the month.","I have made my money hold out right well. I brought $8 here with me, you sent me $10 which made $18. I paid $7 for a bed, 75 cts for a chair, 75cts for a broom, $1 for a water bucket, $1 to get my gun cleaned (It was so rusty I could do nothing with it and I was obliged to have it cleaned or I would have been reported every time I went on drill), $1 loaned to Tom Henderson and 50cts to the Soldiers Aid Society up town, which left me about $4.50 with which I have bought apples, cakes \u0026 at different times when I was very hungry. I have made my money go as far as I possibly could because I knew you had no money to waste.","I do not think I could have stood the fare much longer if it had not have been for your kind offer. I began to feel weak about the legs, a dizziness about the eyes, violent head-ache and a feeling of emptyness about the stomach. I had this feeling nearly all the time and still have it slightly, but I feel a great deal better since I have been buying from the old negro. But I have not regained my my weight by 15 lbs. By the time I eat some more of my dinners I think I will feel right well. There is a report amongst the boys that Gen Smith is going to give us coffee \u0026 ham, if so I will buy no more dinners. It may be only a rumour for all I know but I think it very\nprobable for Gen. Smith certainly can have more feeling than to feed us on Bread \u0026 milk all the winter.","We get up every morning at 5 o'clock to Rev (before day), go on Squad drill at 5½ \u0026 drill til 6½ (You may imagine how cold is is especially our hands which rests against the butt of the stock which is covered with Iron), after we come off to find no fire in our room which is considered the coldest in Barracks (It is heated by steam through pipes). We intend to apply for another room or apply to Gen. Smith to have the pipes fixed so some steam will come up.","(3 o'clock p.m.). Your most welcome letter of the 29th is just recd (It ought to have gotten here yesterday) containing a check for $15 for which I am very much obliged. I will get my shoes this evening and make them last as long as possible. I have also recd the seven Examiners \u0026 will have a treat in reading them.","Dr. Madison says the risings in my ear were caused by the old cadets pulling them, he put some laudanum \u0026 sweet oil in them which casued them to run and they feel a great deal better. I still keep wood in them \u0026 will continue to do so until they are entirely well. May hearing is as good as ever when I take the wool out.","Gen. Smith's cloth was expected today. I will then have two uniforms. I will take care of the one made out of his cloth and wear my own every day because his will be much prettier. He will not let me have an overcoat because the cloth will hardly furnish all with uniforms. I cannot take an overcoat \u0026 no uniform because all are obliged to have uniforms alike to wear on drills, dress parade \u0026 so I will be obliged to use my cloth, besides an overcoat out of my cloth will not cost near as much as one out of his.","I am sorry to hear you are sick with the Jaundice (I do not know what it is but suppose it is something concerning the stomach). I hope it is not serious enough to make you lie down and hope you will soon recover. I know you are in good hands \u0026 wish I could have been as lucky when I was sick. I have a very poor opinion of Dr. Madison as a physician.","There is a disease in Barracks which I do not like. It breaks out on the hands \u0026 resembles the \"Itch\". You need say nothing about it as I am not sure of its being the \"Itch.\"","I do not wish to disappoint you but I do not think the chances are very good for my getting a furlough Christmas. I intend to try very hard to get one \u0026 am almost sure I can with a recommendation from you.","I recd a letter today from Tom McRoberts. He is keeping books for a firm in Raymond, Hinds Co., Miss and is doing very well. He has been discharged from the army. Please let me know where Bro is \u0026 what he is doing. With love to all I remain.\nYour affectionate son\nJ Henry Reid.","P.S. Ask Ma to look \u0026 see if I left my buck skin gloves with her. If I brought them with me they have disappeared in some way, altho I am more carefull of my clothes than any one in Barracks. If you have them please send them to me. What did hte cloth you bought from Flannagan cost per yard?\nHenry","Camp Carter's Station\nMarch 7th 1864","Dear Pa\nHaving received no answer to my last which contained an account of my hardships in coming out and entering camp, I suppose you must be in Richmond and I having an opportunity write again.","We have had some very fine weather since I last wrote, but it is raining today which makes camp life very unpleasant. We have been expecting to move ever since last Tuesday, but the cars are without an engine and consequently we cannot go until one does come, which I hope will not be shortly as it is a great deal of trouble moving and making bunks etc. Although I like this life very well I am sure it it not as pleasant as in the Engineer service. We get wet one day, dry the next, get wet the next and so on. In the Engineer Corps we can always get to some house out of the rain and mud.","Besides the people out here are all Yankees and it is very hard to get anything to eat. They are the most ignorant set of people I ever saw. I have been for miles around and have not come across the first respectable looking man yet. The ladies call us Rebels, abuse us \u0026. You seldom find that elegance and taste which belongs to a Virginia lady and especially Lynchburgers. Get the Detail if you possibly can and write me as soon as you hear.","I must close as I am lying on my side in a crowded bunk with my feet poking out in the rain writing this. With love to Ma, Miss Emma, Miss Annie, Miss Millie and all the ladies, I remain,\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid.","P.S. I wish if you can possibly do it to purchase me a large knife \u0026 send it by the first opportunity . It is one of the most useful articles to a soldier. What must I do with my large Confederate notes. I cannot pass them out here. I expect we will go to the front for Maj. King wants his battalion to do something for him to get promoted.","Direct Otey Battery, 13th Battalion Va Artillery, Longstreet's Corps.","The James H. Reid papers consist of the Civil War correspondence (18 items) of Reid. Included are 14 letters (dated August-November 1862) from Reid to his parents written while he was a fourth classman at VMI. This correspondence contains many references to wartime cadet life, including the use of the term \"rat\" as a name for new cadets, hazing, uniforms, food, guard duty, and other aspects of life at VMI.","The papers also contain one letter (dated March 7 1864) written while Reid was serving with the 13th Virginia Light Artillery Regiment, Confederate States of America, and four letters that date between 1865 and 1867.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life, mentioning the cirriculum and the slang term \"rat.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from Camp at Carter's Station. Letter regards life at camp.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Reid, James H. (James Henry), 1845-1921","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Madison, Robert L. (Robert Lewis), 1828-1878","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["James H. Reid papers, 1862/1867"],"collection_ssim":["James H. Reid papers, 1862/1867"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0222","/repositories/3/resources/613"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0222","/repositories/3/resources/613"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Reid, James H. (James Henry), 1845-1921"],"creator_ssim":["Reid, James H. (James Henry), 1845-1921"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Reid, James H. (James Henry), 1845-1921","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Madison, Robert L. (Robert Lewis), 1828-1878","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Reid, James H. (James Henry), 1845-1921","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Madison, Robert L. (Robert Lewis), 1828-1878","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Light Artillery Battalion, 13th","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1866","Virginia Military Institute—Curricula","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—Anecdotes","Virginia Military Institute—Academics—History—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Slang","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Light Artillery Battalion, 13th","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1866","Virginia Military Institute—Curricula","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—Anecdotes","Virginia Military Institute—Academics—History—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Slang","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["18 items"],"extent_tesim":["18 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA portion of the James H. Reid papers are avaliable \n\u003ca href=\"http://digitalcollections.vmi.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p15821coll11/id/2010\"\u003eonline\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Online Access"],"altformavail_tesim":["A portion of the James H. Reid papers are avaliable \nonline."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Henry Reid was born in 1845 in Brentsville, Prince William County, Virginia to James Henry Reid, Sr. and Amy Ann Tolson. Reid entered VMI in 1862 and resigned in January 1864 to join the Confederate Army. He served from 1864 to 1865 as a Private in Company A, 13th Battalion, Virginia Light Artillery (Otey's Battery) and was paroled at Appomattox, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the post-War years, Reid engaged in many professions, including that of teacher, justice of the peace, notary public, bookkeeper, banker, and farmer. He married Beulah Reese on December 10, 1868, at Christ Church, Alexandria, Virginia. They had several children. Much of Reid's life was spent in Prince William County, Virginia, where he died in 1921. He is buried in Manassas, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Henry Reid was born in 1845 in Brentsville, Prince William County, Virginia to James Henry Reid, Sr. and Amy Ann Tolson. Reid entered VMI in 1862 and resigned in January 1864 to join the Confederate Army. He served from 1864 to 1865 as a Private in Company A, 13th Battalion, Virginia Light Artillery (Otey's Battery) and was paroled at Appomattox, Virginia.","During the post-War years, Reid engaged in many professions, including that of teacher, justice of the peace, notary public, bookkeeper, banker, and farmer. He married Beulah Reese on December 10, 1868, at Christ Church, Alexandria, Virginia. They had several children. Much of Reid's life was spent in Prince William County, Virginia, where he died in 1921. He is buried in Manassas, Virginia."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eV.M.I.\u003cbr\u003e\nAug 10, 1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Pa\u003cbr\u003e\nHaving nothing else to do this evening I thought I would write to you although I had just seen you yesterday morning. After I left you I went up to Barracks \u0026amp; staid in my room all the morning. After dinner I had a very bad headache so I laid down \u0026amp; went to sleep whilst Henderson, Lee \u0026amp; Read went to town.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter supper the Corporal of the Guard came for me to go on guard at an outer post \u0026amp; was very particular in telling me to let no one pass without the countersign, but he would give me no load to put in my gun. After he left about 25 cadets came down \u0026amp; wanted to take my gun but I stuck one of them with my bayonet not very hard (for I knew it was all a trick to frighten me) \u0026amp; drove them off but they came back with guns \u0026amp; got my gun away. The Corporal came \u0026amp; made a big fuss saying he would have to be responsible for my neglect of duty, but I told him how 25 with guns could easily take one man but he said I must be court martialed \u0026amp; sent me to\nthe guard house but in fact Sub Profs. Wise \u0026amp; Semmes room, kept me in there some time \u0026amp; saw I was not to be fooled so let me go. That ended yesterday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI went up town to the Church, I don't know what kind of church but think it was Presbyterian. Came back went to dinner \u0026amp; am now in my room No.76. Tell Ma to send my box about a foot or less any size about six inches high, I think she has one with my 2 shirts with the 2 collars, as soon as possible if she don't I will have watch money or nothing in a few days. I must close.\nPlease excuse writing as my fingers have all been put out of joint today \u0026amp; I can hardly write.\u003cbr\u003e\nWith love to all I remain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate son\u003cbr\u003e\nJ. Henry Reid\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eP.S. Tell Mrs. Holcombe Tommy is getting on very well, is very studious \u0026amp; and fat as a pig. Remember me to Mrs. Brown, Mr. Brown, \u0026amp; every body who think enough of me to inquire after me. Tell Mac he ought to be here the bucking would not hurt him. Please send me some stamps. Henry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVMI Aug 14, 1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Pa\u003cbr\u003e\nI received your letter about two hours ago just after dinner \u0026amp; was very glad to hear from you. I hope you have got me a box large enough to hold my collars hank \u0026amp;, not a writing desk it is rather too small but perhaps I can make it do. The Staff Va buttons I would rather have than the V.M.I. Please send me a dozen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have bought a mattress for $7 whereas I would have to pay the quartermaster $14, but it should come out of the money which Gen. Smith holds \u0026amp; I consider I have saved $7. I borrowed it from Thomas Henderson because I did not want to use my small notes. I paid also 75 cts for a chair. Please send me $10. I may want to buy some thing else. I have spent 25 cts since I have been here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOur studies are math \u0026amp; French. I am in the 8th section, 4th class math; 4th section, 4th class French. We will have more studies after the first of September. Geo., composition \u0026amp; some one or two other things. I will make 13 in French this week \u0026amp; 14 in math. 15 is the highest \u0026amp; none have made 15 since I have been here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI got 11 demerits the first day, 7 the second, 5 the third, 3 the fourth, 1 the fifth, \u0026amp; none since. I got off from all of them \u0026amp; all say I have got less demerits than any Rat that has come here this year. We get up at 5 to Rev, eat at 7 also at 1, squad drill at 5, dress parade at 6 \u0026amp; supper at\n7, Tattoo at 9½, \u0026amp; taps at 10. I have been on guard twice since I have been here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI like the V.M.I very much \u0026amp; do not dislike the fare. Have fattened about 10 lbs. I have my white uniform \u0026amp; I think it improves me very much. All I want are the buttons. I don't understand you about the vest. I don't want one it will be no use. How do you do in the office with Mr. Jamieson. Please write me. Tell Mac McLean I am going to write to him as soon as I get things\nstraightened up.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have three very nice room mates. F. Lee, S. Read \u0026amp; T. Henderson, all from Lynchburg, very kind \u0026amp; accomodating fellows. I have heard no news for I don't know how long, not since you left. Don't know where Jackson, Pope or any of our armies are. Please send me a paper with a great deal of news in it, for I want to hear something about military affairs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOur clothes come in every Wednesday \u0026amp; Saturday evening. Last Wednesday evening they all came in \u0026amp; an old cadet by the name of Exall ordered me to carry his box of clothes up. It was more than I could stand so I pitched in I thrashed him pretty badly. The other cadets did not blame me but he collected some of his friends of the same feather \u0026amp; caught me, at least\njumped upon me suddenly Monday night as I was coming off guard with my gun lying carelessly across my shoulder, tied me \u0026amp; hung me over the door until I had no life in me \u0026amp; they had to throw water in my face, bathe my head \u0026amp;c to bring me to. Yesterday I met two of them, the old cadets said they would see fair play so I beat one at a time all to pieces, knocked one's teeth down his throat, at least 2 of them in which I got one eye pretty black. Since then an order has been read out dismissing them for impudence to Major Shipp. None of the Subs found out about the fight though they saw there had been a fight some where. Please write often \u0026amp; long.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate son\u003cbr\u003e\nJ. Henry Reid\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eP.S. Remember me to Mr. \u0026amp; Mrs. Brown \u0026amp; every body else. Tell Mrs. Holcombe Tommy is well \u0026amp; sends his love. Henry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I. Aug 18 1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Pa\u003cbr\u003e\nThe desk \u0026amp; was recd safely Saturday morning. I walked down to the landing \u0026amp; got it myself, had to pay 50cts on it. All the things were in good order. Your letter \u0026amp; Ma's were safely recd., stamps, $2, buttons, shirts \u0026amp;. Very much obliged for the apples \u0026amp; sugar, do not know what to do with the sugar unless I eat it so, No I will not do that, I will take it down to Mess Hall tonight \u0026amp; sweeten my milk with it and have a sort of Ice Cream.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne of my roommates Read S has gone to Lynchburg (you have probably seen him before this) on furlough. Please send by him some undershirts for it is very cold up here. I was on guard about 2'oclock last night \u0026amp; had nothing but my white clothes on, I very near froze. I would write for my thick winter coat but Gen. Smith recd a letter yesterday from Charleston saying the cloth had run the blockade \u0026amp; arrived safely. It will be here in a few days, so I will try \u0026amp; stand it as my order for Jacket, pants \u0026amp; overcoat is 3rd in the list \u0026amp; Mr. Vanderslice will soon make it. Gen. Smith says he has $30,000 worth of cloth about 15,000 yards or more because it did not cost $2 per yard in Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDon't forget my buttons, send them by Read. Also $10 for mattress, chair \u0026amp;. Send my other blanket as soon as you can, but do not pay a big price for me. I would rather wait a while.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy left little finger has been broke, but I am in hopes it will soon be well. My eye is well but some of the old cadets who have been on furlough \u0026amp; returned are very hard on Rats \u0026amp; I heard a cadet say this morning \"I pity the Rats now.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI will answer Ma's letter before long. I have now written four letters in a week so you must make them last for sometime. Write often,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate son\u003cbr\u003e\nJ. Henry Reid\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRemember me to all my friends \u0026amp; write me about Mr. Brown's boarders \u0026amp;. My pillow is a great deal of use.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I. Aug 26 1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Pa\u003cbr\u003e\nHaving just recd your letter of the 21st I proceed to answer it at once.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn regard to my maltreatment I went next morning at sick roll call to see Dr. Madison who examined my neck \u0026amp; finger. He said my finger was right badly hurt and bound it up with two little boards, but my neck was not injured. My finger is nearly well but still swollen. If I had known in Lynchburg how I was to be treated I never would have consented to come, but since I have passed through it I don't think I will be molested any more, especially as Gen. Smith allowed the same fellows that maltreated me to resign for nearly killing a rat named Cocke, a son of Philip St. George Cocke, \u0026amp; all of them have gone home some days ago.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have been right sick for several days. Had a chill Saturday \u0026amp; Sunday but went to the Dr. yesterday morning who gave me some white stuff something like chalk, which entirely relieved me except that it gave me a severe head ache.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe Rats have not any studying to do this week because of the examination which is progressing. The 1, 2, 3, 4, \u0026amp; 5 sections, 4th Class expect to enter the 3rd Class, so then I will be in the 3 section, 4th Class whereas I am now in the 8th. Perhaps I may go in the 2nd or 1st. I made 15, the highest mark to be made, on Math last week \u0026amp; 14 6/10 on French, which is also a very high mark as none in the class made higher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn place of studying this week they try to drill us to death. We get up to Rev at 5, go to squad drill at 5½, \u0026amp; drill till 6½, go to breakfast parade at 7, go on guard mounting at 8, squad drill from 11 to 12, Dinner parade at 1, squad drill again at 5 to 6, dress parade from 6¼ to ¼7, evening parade at 7, \u0026amp; tattoo at 9½. Besides we are on guard twice in every week, stand one\nhour in the night each time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have no demerits so fair, will try \u0026amp; keep from getting them. I was very much surprised to see in an old Lynchburg paper the notice of Clem's departure. Write me about it \u0026amp; if he carried off any thing belonging to the Co. or your key, for you always gave it to him at night \u0026amp; I suppose he left in the night. I must close as it is very near 5 clk. Tell Ma to write to me with love to all,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt takes 6 years single width of cloth to make me a uniform. Please send also 4 yards double width of Flannagan cloth to make me an overcoat. I want Browns cloth for my uniform \u0026amp; Flannagans for my overcoat. 6 yards single \u0026amp; 4 yards double width. Be sure to put it up so it will not look like cloth, as any thing of that kind is stolen directly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I. Aug 28 1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Pa \u0026amp; Ma\u003cbr\u003e\nI recd my box safely this morning and enjoyed the contents very much, but was disappointed at not finding the small Va. buttons as I had plenty of large V.M.I. buttons \u0026amp; did not want any large Va. The shirts, collars, cakes \u0026amp; apples all recd safe \u0026amp; sound. You need not have troubled yourselves about the apples as we get the best even nicer than you sent for 5 cts per doz \u0026amp;\nsometimes cheaper. Peaches are considered high at 10 \u0026amp; 15 cts, plenty of pears, plums \u0026amp;.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have not heard from Bro yet, expect a letter today. Write me about Clem's departure. I think Mr. Jamieson treated you very badly after he had accepted the place. You ought to get some body to take the place as you cannot do every thing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy finger is a great deal better tho still swollen and a little crooked. It will get straight in the course of time. I have not been maltreated much lately. I must close with love to all, I remain,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate son\u003cbr\u003e\nJ. Henry Reid\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eP.S. Please send my cloth as soon as possible, 6½ yards of Brown's \u0026amp; 4 yards of Flannagan's as I wrote you in my last for my uniform \u0026amp; overcoat. 6½ single width for uniform, 4 double width overcoat \u0026amp; small Va staff buttons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I. Sep 14 1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Pa\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter was recd several days ago for which I am very much obliged as it has relieved me of a great deal of twisting \u0026amp;.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGen. Smith has gone to Gen. Jackson's army with his son (who you saw, he was adjutant of the V.M.I.) who has the position of first Lieutenant in the C.S.A. (Artillery). He will return in a few days, when he does I will ask him about the cloth \u0026amp; write you immediately.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSince the first of Sept I have been getting up at 5 oclk to Rev., squad drill from 5½ to 6½, breakfast at 7, go in to recite math at 8, Geography at 11, drawing, composition and French till 4, squad drill at 5, \u0026amp; Dress Parade at 6, supper at 7, \u0026amp; Tattoo at 9½.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe last week I made 15 on French (max 15) \u0026amp; 14 6/10 on Math. They did not mark us on the other studies as we have just commenced. The reason I make such good marks in Math is because we are in the first part of Algebra \u0026amp; I have been over it before. If I could make 13 every week on math I would stand near the top of my class, but when we get over in the middle of the book I don't expect to average 11. Very few will make more. I am i the 7th section in alphabetical order. In French I will stand about 7 in the class.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOver 100 cadets were found deficient at the last examination \u0026amp; of course a great many of them will stand above me on Math. Frank Smith was so sure of being found deficient that he went home on furlough \u0026amp; did not even run for the 3rd class.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have 5 demerits. It happened in this way. I was orderly of the room (an orderly is a cadet who is detailed every Sunday morning. He sweeps out the room, brings water \u0026amp; is responsible for noises \u0026amp;). Some of the boys made a noise. I as orderly was reported for \"noise after Taps\" (after Taps is after the lights have been put out). All of them denied making any noise \u0026amp; I\nas orderly had to take the report. I don't think I will get any more for some time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI am getting very tired of the V.M.I. \u0026amp; would a great deal rather be with you in the office than here, especially as you have no one to assist you. I know you have a great deal to do.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIf our army goes into Alexandria I would like very much to go also. Write \u0026amp; let me know because if the army goes in it will not stay any length of time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTen cadets deserted the other day \u0026amp; 10 or 12 more are making preparations to leave also. There is a rumor that all cadets over 18 will be taken as conscripts. I don't know how true it is, if so the Institute will be broken up unless they are exempted by Congress. I think by studying Gilham a little I might get an office in the army for I have learned a great deal about it. With love to Ma \u0026amp; all my friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI remain\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate son\u003cbr\u003e\nJ. Henry Reid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I. Sep 20, 1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Pa\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter written from Richmond was recd several days ago, and your letter of the 18th recd today.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen I first entered the Institute I liked it very well, but in the last two or three weeks I have become very much dissatisfied. Amongst other things I do not get enough to eat. My seat is in the middle of a long table. At breakfast a pitcher of milk is put at both ends \u0026amp; by the time it passes down to me there is no milk left so I have to eat dry bread, same at supper. Today at dinner I was so hungry that I ate a piece of rotten beef although it smelled very badly, \u0026amp; a small piece of bread. Since then I have thrown up several times and still feel very badly in my stomach. My only resource is to buy some apples \u0026amp; fill up with them. (Capt. Whitwell the Commissary says the fare will be better in a week or so). I felt so badly last Thursday night that I could not prepare any lessons and made zero which reduced my mark a great deal for the week. I am also inclined to some kind of disease in my stomach, my food constantly coming up in my mouth \u0026amp; my throat hurting me but perhaps that may wear off. I had a cold sweat last night which I don't like very much. I intend going to morrow to see Dr. Madison about it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have 13 demerits, 5 for noise after taps, 3 for no regulations in room (I did not know that we were obliged to have them in our room) \u0026amp; 5 for falling out of ranks at drill. The way I came to fall out was thus. For the last two or three weeks we have been double‐quicked nearly to death \u0026amp; the evening on which I fell out I was very unwell \u0026amp; double‐quicked until I could go no further. So I fell out \u0026amp; came to my room. I told Maj. Shipp how it was but he refused to take it off. I don't think I will get any more for some time. There are very few who have as few demerits as me. Thomas Henderson had 40 3 weeks ago. I don't know how many he has now about 60 I suppose \u0026amp; he has only been here 10 days longer than me. He will be dismissed for neglect of studies unless he alters a great deal. He is the most good‐for‐nothing fellow I ever came across. Has not as much sense as his sister Julia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have learned so rapidly lately that they have put me in Company drill, which I am very glad of for it is nothing like as hard as Squad drill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI asked Gen. Smith this morning about the cloth. He said he did not know when he would get cloth so you had better send mine up. He has given some boys furloughs to go home to provide their winter clothing. He says if I get the gray like you have his will be something like it and I will not want another uniform. Please send it on a Friday so that I can go down \u0026amp; get it on Saturday. You know how much to send for uniform \u0026amp; overcoat. The uniform of Brown's \u0026amp; the overcoat of Flannagan's I wrote you some time ago how much it took to make them. I reckon you had better wait till Ma comes back before you send it but be sure to send it on a Friday. Bundle it up good and write me when you sent it so I will know when to look out for it. I must close with love to all,\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI remain,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate son, J. Henry Reid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eP.S. We have not begun to drill Artillery yet, perhaps not at all. Please write me what Bro is doing, what his position, \u0026amp;.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I. Sept 27 1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Pa\u003cbr\u003e\nI recd your letter day before yesterday, but did not know what to make of its contents. It ran thus, \"I do not think Henry has yet acknowledged the receipt of a package sent him about two weeks ago in the care of a Cadet going to the V.M.I. Capt. Wilkinson was off the line and at the moment of starting the Capt. of the boat was so occupied and I so hurried in getting ashore that I left the package with the Cadet and handed him 25 to pay freight on it. It contained 2 blankets and something else perhaps buttons.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt seems the letter is not addressed to me but to somebody else. I recd the package safely, blankets \u0026amp; buttons and thought I had written you so. I am very much obliged to you for the blankets are a great deal of use these cold nights, for we nearly freeze.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI can either get $4 for my buttons or get 3 doz cadets buttons for them. Please when you send my cloth send my cap cover. It belonged to the cap I sold Boyd Smith. Ma knows where it is she put it away, also my skates, they are in the barrel. Let me know when you send the cloth. Please send it on a Friday so I can go down \u0026amp; get it on Saturday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have been very sick in the last week and got the report \"not studious\" which Dr. Madison will excuse me from. I made very poor marks \u0026amp; got some 10 or 12 demerits for absent from roll call \u0026amp;. Maj. Shipp assures me Dr. Madison will excuse me from all my demerits so I will be free once more from demerit. I have 20 so far but will write my excuses Monday and send them in\nto Gen Smith's office. In intend to try next week to make up in my studies also. The eating does not improve \u0026amp; I am nearly starved. Much as I can do to keep up. I nearly froze on guard last night \u0026amp; expect to freeze tonight. I think when I get off from my demerit I can easily keep from them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI must close. Write me the news about Bro with love to all. I remain,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate son\u003cbr\u003e\nJ. Henry Reid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV .M.I. Sept 30 1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Pa\u003cbr\u003e\nI recd your letter yesterday morning after I had written you in answer to a letter recd several days ago. I am very glad to hear that the cloth will be here so soon, as it is very cold late at night and early in the morning with my white uniform, and besides I nearly freeze when I go on guard at night (every 4th night). Since I recd the blankets I have been very comfortable at\nnight.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaking of the fare I could not get milk or bread, the only thing you can buy up here is apples, and you have to live on them. At breakfast this morning I took a small piece of bread for my dinner (I did not intend to go to dinner), and was reported for \"carrying provisions from Hall.\" Don't you think that is hard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have been sick now for nearly two weeks \u0026amp; have fallen off about 25 pounds. Dr. Madison has been giving me quinine and some kind of acid, which does me a little good but about 4 oclock every evening I have a very high fever which lasts till after bed time. I have had it regularly every evening for two weeks. I understand Dr. Madison said this morning that the fare here\nwas calculated to give any body the Typhoid fever. I hope they will change it, for the milk affects me just as it does you. I don't know what you call the disease but think it is the \"dyspepsia\". I have attended to nearly all my duty since I have been sick, but I will go into the Hospital if it continues much longer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have gotten off from all my demerits except \"noise after taps,\" 5 demerits which I think when Maj. Shipp returns I will get off from. I got a report yesterday for grabbing provisions which I intend to deny for I can prove by 3 or 4 that I did not do it. The Sergeant who reported me says himself he may have been mistaken in the person. I cannot get off until Maj. Shipp returns (report says he has gone off to be married.) I have another report for \"allowing visiting whilst on Post on 25th\". I was not on post on that day, but a rat by the name of Reed T. from Winchester was. I will refer that to him, also a report loitering on post. I think I can get off from all but the 5 for \"noise after Taps.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have been made Section marcher to the 8th section, 4th class math (the duty of a Section Marcher is to call the roll of his section every time it goes into recite, also to march the section in, report all absentees \u0026amp; is responsible for all trifling \u0026amp; talking in ranks \u0026amp;c. Frank Smith is in my section, he is on furlough at present.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhat is the news? Our army had gone into Maryland \u0026amp; returned before I knew they were really in Maryland. Have you heard from Charlottesville lately? How is Miss McPherson \u0026amp; all our friends. I must close. With love to all, I remain\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate son\u003cbr\u003e\nJ. Henry Reid\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease don't forget the cap cover \u0026amp; skates. A young fellow by the name of Waller came here from Lynchburg \u0026amp; was shipped in 5 days. Mrs. Brown knows him very well. I have moved over on the side of barracks towards Gen. Smith's, No. 75 with Henderson, Wright from N.C., White from this place, Griffin from Roanoke \u0026amp; myself. Very pleasant roommates so far except Henderson, but we keep him under. Tell Ma to write me all the news of her trip \u0026amp;c. Every boy in barracks has remarked how poor I am \u0026amp; you know how poor I was when I left Lynchburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I. Oct 5 1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Ma\u003cbr\u003e\nI recd your letter yesterday morning and would have answered it yesterday (Saturday) but I had a great deal to do before going on Battalion Inspection (the first time I have been on). I recd the cloth safely, also skates, cap cover \u0026amp; apples for which I am very much obliged. Gen. Smith told me yesterday morning that he thought he could get cloth in 2 or 3 weeks, but he\nwould not have enough to give the cadets overcoats, only jackets \u0026amp; pants. If so I will keep the fine and only use the coarse for an overcoat \u0026amp; if he gives me jacket \u0026amp; pants I will send the other back. You say in your letter you send both cap covers. I recd only one. Please send the other for this one does not suit the cap \u0026amp; I can easily sell it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePa says in his letter \"as to your freezing on post at night, it seems to me the woollen clothes you carried ought to protect you.\" I never brought any woollen clothes with me. The only woollen thing I brought was my cloth coat \u0026amp; that I put in the arsenal soon after I came here \u0026amp; there were about 75 trunks on top of mine but I went in yesterday \u0026amp; got some boys to help me \u0026amp; got my coat out. White, one of my roommates, has bought a very good overcoat which I can wear at night. It keeps me quite comfortable. I think I can get along as far as clothes are concerned. You need not trouble yourself about sending me anything to eat as probably in a box of cakes I would get 2 or 3 to eat (you need not send my file). I will see a servt. about getting me some thing to eat or apply to change my seat which I think I can easily do.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaj. Shipp has not returned yet, when he does I will see about my demerits. About 30 cadets are going to be shipped for having over 100 demerits in six months, 5 were sent off yesterday. Adie from Leesburg, Helm from Warrn., Grant \u0026amp; 2 Williams from Richmond. Patton nephew of Geo. A Smith \u0026amp; Gilham son of Col. Gilham are amongst the number. Old cadets say they are more stringent now than they have ever been before. As soon as a cadet gets 100 he is sent home \u0026amp; somebody else comes in to fill his place. There is not one in the Institute who has not over 25. Tom Henderson has about 60 \u0026amp; if he don't get off from some he will be shipped.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI must close as I have to go to Bible class, which recites in a few moments. With love to all I remain.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate son\u003cbr\u003e\nJ. Henry Reid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I. Oct 12 1862. Sunday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Pa \u0026amp; Ma\u003cbr\u003e\nI recd your letter day before yesterday, also the box \u0026amp; letter yesterday, for which I am very much obliged. I was very hungry when the box came \u0026amp; I certainly enjoyed the sweet potatoes, bread \u0026amp; jelly \u0026amp;. But I am afraid I cannot eat any more because I have a rising in my ear which Dr. Madison cut yesterday. It is swollen up so much this evening that I can hardly open my\nmouth much less eat. I intend to try \u0026amp; keep my things until it gets so I can eat. The bread is the best thing as I can buy some butter \u0026amp; have very good eating.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIf I had recd your letter about a week ago when I was sick I should certainly have applied for a furlough, but I have so far recovered that I think I can get along here, especially as it takes all the studying I can do to keep up with my class. If I go home I will be thrown back \u0026amp; will probably never catch up again. I would like very much to go but would rather wait till Christmas when we have 2 weeks vacation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYou need not be afraid of my being shipped for demerits as I have only 10. 5 for noise after taps, 3 for being late at Dress Parade (I had to go to the Surgeon's Office and as I came back stopped at the Tailor shop to be measured, the drum beat \u0026amp; before I could get to my room \u0026amp; get my gun my company had fallen in), \u0026amp; 2 for throwing water on stoop. One of my roommates\nthrew the water on but denied it. I, as orderly, had to take the report. It has been some time since I got a report \u0026amp; I don't think I will get any more demerit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWm Gordon's son arrived yesterday. He is the greenest rat I ever saw--has no sense at all. I must close with love to all. I remain,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate son\u003cbr\u003e\nJ. Henry Reid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I. Oct. 18, 1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Pa\u003cbr\u003e\nI recd your letter this evening and according to your request I answer immediately.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs well as I remember the report for Oct \u0026amp; Nov 1861 were put up in envelopes in bundles \u0026amp; were in the little box on the right hand side of the closet as you go in. They were mixed up with other months I think, but I am not sure. I know how troublesome it will be to find them. Undo the bundles and you will see marked on the backs of the envelopes the month \u0026amp; dates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy ear has nearly gotton well but it pained me a great deal. The rising went up into my head \u0026amp; stopped up the opening so that Dr. Madison had to cut through the lower part, which gave me a great deal of pain. It is however now nearly well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have had my uniform made which makes me feel quite comfortable. Gen. Smith expected to get some cloth from near Winchester, but Gen. Lee pressed it for his army and Gen. Smith will have to do without it. I don't know what the Rats will do.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI went up town to day \u0026amp; had the pleasure of seeing Miss Cassy Reeder from Waynesboro. She says all were well when she left. I have gotten off from all my demerits \u0026amp; will try not to get any more. I must close. With love to all I remain,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate son\u003cbr\u003e\nJ. Henry Reid\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eP.S. Please send me my old cadet pants, old gray ones, some Friday. Ma knows which ones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I. Oct 26 1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Ma\u003cbr\u003e\nI recd your letters and also the box day before yesterday, for which I am very much obliged. I enjoyed the bread very much and will have the potatoes cooked today. I enjoyed the bread very much. It rained very hard \u0026amp; I did not go to dinner so I came up to my room and eat nearly all of my rolls. I intend to get to the Old Judge (an old negro man who cooks all our Beef) to cook them this evening.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYou may sell my Jacket \u0026amp; Overcoat if you want to, but don't you think my overcoat will make me a good coat or vest when cloth gets scarce, but you can dojust as you please. It is in the largest box at the office with my gun. My winter coat vest \u0026amp; pants will fit me a year, hence do not sell them. I have gotten entirely well and have to study hard to catch up \u0026amp; keep up with my section. I have had another rising in my ear but hope it will soon be well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have gotton off from all my demerits but 8, 5 for allowing visiting \u0026amp; 3 for loitering on post. The way I got the first was in this way. I was on Post no3 when the Inspector visited. I made all the rooms on my post report just before the Inspector visited. They all reported \"all right\" but the Inspector caught someone visiting \u0026amp; reported me as sentinel for allowing visiting. I told Capt. Semmes (who was acting commandant in Maj. Ship's absence) how it was but he would not let me off. Maj. Ship would have taken it off I am sure about loitering on post. I know nothing about it and will get off I think.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have an opportunity of buying a first rate pair of high top shoes made something like the gaiters Pa got in Washington (which were the best shoes I ever had) for $15. Mr. White the father of one of my roommates who has a store up town had them before the war and offers them to me as a special favor (they do not fit his son). They are the finest calf-skin double soles worth $25 or $30 in Richmond or Lynchburg. I will need them this winter as my English shoes have proved a failure and have worn out already. If Pa thinks I had better take them he can send me a check or if he thinks not I will not get them. It is certainly a bargain \u0026amp; I am sure I will need them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey have not commenced to heat up barracks yet. Some say they will not commence till Christmas. Gen. Smith has succeeded in getting cloth so I will have 2 uniforms. I have done without an overcoat \u0026amp; if I get a cadet overcoat I will send my cloth back home. It is very cold getting up at 5 oclk without any fire \u0026amp; going out \u0026amp; drilling an hour.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHow do you get along with your envelopes. Write \u0026amp; tell me. I must close. Please excuse this hastily written eltter as I am writing in a cold room without any fire. With love to all I remain.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate son\u003cbr\u003e\nJ. Henry Reid\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eP.S. I wish you could take a trip over here but it will cost a great deal I suppose and would hardly be worth while if I go home Christmas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M.I. Saturday 9 o'Clock a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Pa\u003cbr\u003e\nI recd your very kind letter on Monday evening and would have answered it before, but that I wanted to write you a long letter \u0026amp; thought I would wait till today (Saturday) because I had not time to write you but a very short one in a week day especially when we have so much to do.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGen. Smith seems determined to pick math into our heads. He gives some 20 or 30 pages of Algebra every day and you may know how much I have studied when I tell you, that all the time I went to Mr. Kirk's, Mr. Smith's \u0026amp; Mr. Scott's, I only went through my Arithmetic and very little Algebra, whereas I have been here only three months and have gone through my Algebra and will go into Geometry in a few weeks or perhaps sooner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI had worked my way up to the 2nd section math, but when I was sick I fell so far back that I could not keep up with it, and I was transfered to the 8th section. I make only tolerably good marks because whilst I was sick the class went over a great deal that I did not understand \u0026amp; I have to study hard to understand it. I however make good marks in French and make the max\nin Geography nearly every week. The way Geo. is taught is a very good one. When we go into the Section room, Colonel Williamson sends one of us to the Blackboard and tells us to draw the map of such a country or state with all of its rivers towns \u0026amp;. It was very hard to me at first but I can draw a pretty good map now. In French I have gone through the Grammars and will\nbegin to read Gil Blas on Monday. I make the max or within a few tenths of it every week (you may not understand me when I say tenths. The way they mark us is this, if you make a perfect recitation they mark you thirty tenths or three whole ones \u0026amp; skin you by tenths according as you recite. On compostion they have not commenced to mark us.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI know the fare we get is not sufficient for this season. I have therefore made an arrangement with a servant to supply me with some chicken some butter and some good bread every five days in a week at $1.25. I intend to try and get him down to $1. If he furnishes it to me in Mess Hall they will report me for private dish. I therefore stay away from dinner and he brings it to me in my room. He has furnished me now for four days and I will owe him after today $1.25 and I have only 50cts left. I will get him to trust me and pay him at the end of the month.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have made my money hold out right well. I brought $8 here with me, you sent me $10 which made $18. I paid $7 for a bed, 75 cts for a chair, 75cts for a broom, $1 for a water bucket, $1 to get my gun cleaned (It was so rusty I could do nothing with it and I was obliged to have it cleaned or I would have been reported every time I went on drill), $1 loaned to Tom Henderson and 50cts to the Soldiers Aid Society up town, which left me about $4.50 with which I have bought apples, cakes \u0026amp; at different times when I was very hungry. I have made my money go as far as I possibly could because I knew you had no money to waste.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI do not think I could have stood the fare much longer if it had not have been for your kind offer. I began to feel weak about the legs, a dizziness about the eyes, violent head-ache and a feeling of emptyness about the stomach. I had this feeling nearly all the time and still have it slightly, but I feel a great deal better since I have been buying from the old negro. But I have not regained my my weight by 15 lbs. By the time I eat some more of my dinners I think I will feel right well. There is a report amongst the boys that Gen Smith is going to give us coffee \u0026amp; ham, if so I will buy no more dinners. It may be only a rumour for all I know but I think it very\nprobable for Gen. Smith certainly can have more feeling than to feed us on Bread \u0026amp; milk all the winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe get up every morning at 5 o'clock to Rev (before day), go on Squad drill at 5½ \u0026amp; drill til 6½ (You may imagine how cold is is especially our hands which rests against the butt of the stock which is covered with Iron), after we come off to find no fire in our room which is considered the coldest in Barracks (It is heated by steam through pipes). We intend to apply for another room or apply to Gen. Smith to have the pipes fixed so some steam will come up.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(3 o'clock p.m.). Your most welcome letter of the 29th is just recd (It ought to have gotten here yesterday) containing a check for $15 for which I am very much obliged. I will get my shoes this evening and make them last as long as possible. I have also recd the seven Examiners \u0026amp; will have a treat in reading them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Madison says the risings in my ear were caused by the old cadets pulling them, he put some laudanum \u0026amp; sweet oil in them which casued them to run and they feel a great deal better. I still keep wood in them \u0026amp; will continue to do so until they are entirely well. May hearing is as good as ever when I take the wool out.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGen. Smith's cloth was expected today. I will then have two uniforms. I will take care of the one made out of his cloth and wear my own every day because his will be much prettier. He will not let me have an overcoat because the cloth will hardly furnish all with uniforms. I cannot take an overcoat \u0026amp; no uniform because all are obliged to have uniforms alike to wear on drills, dress parade \u0026amp; so I will be obliged to use my cloth, besides an overcoat out of my cloth will not cost near as much as one out of his.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI am sorry to hear you are sick with the Jaundice (I do not know what it is but suppose it is something concerning the stomach). I hope it is not serious enough to make you lie down and hope you will soon recover. I know you are in good hands \u0026amp; wish I could have been as lucky when I was sick. I have a very poor opinion of Dr. Madison as a physician.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is a disease in Barracks which I do not like. It breaks out on the hands \u0026amp; resembles the \"Itch\". You need say nothing about it as I am not sure of its being the \"Itch.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI do not wish to disappoint you but I do not think the chances are very good for my getting a furlough Christmas. I intend to try very hard to get one \u0026amp; am almost sure I can with a recommendation from you.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI recd a letter today from Tom McRoberts. He is keeping books for a firm in Raymond, Hinds Co., Miss and is doing very well. He has been discharged from the army. Please let me know where Bro is \u0026amp; what he is doing. With love to all I remain.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate son\u003cbr\u003e\nJ Henry Reid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eP.S. Ask Ma to look \u0026amp; see if I left my buck skin gloves with her. If I brought them with me they have disappeared in some way, altho I am more carefull of my clothes than any one in Barracks. If you have them please send them to me. What did hte cloth you bought from Flannagan cost per yard?\u003cbr\u003e\nHenry\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCamp Carter's Station\u003cbr\u003e\nMarch 7th 1864\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Pa\u003cbr\u003e\nHaving received no answer to my last which contained an account of my hardships in coming out and entering camp, I suppose you must be in Richmond and I having an opportunity write again.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe have had some very fine weather since I last wrote, but it is raining today which makes camp life very unpleasant. We have been expecting to move ever since last Tuesday, but the cars are without an engine and consequently we cannot go until one does come, which I hope will not be shortly as it is a great deal of trouble moving and making bunks etc. Although I like this life very well I am sure it it not as pleasant as in the Engineer service. We get wet one day, dry the next, get wet the next and so on. In the Engineer Corps we can always get to some house out of the rain and mud.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBesides the people out here are all Yankees and it is very hard to get anything to eat. They are the most ignorant set of people I ever saw. I have been for miles around and have not come across the first respectable looking man yet. The ladies call us Rebels, abuse us \u0026amp;. You seldom find that elegance and taste which belongs to a Virginia lady and especially Lynchburgers. Get the Detail if you possibly can and write me as soon as you hear.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI must close as I am lying on my side in a crowded bunk with my feet poking out in the rain writing this. With love to Ma, Miss Emma, Miss Annie, Miss Millie and all the ladies, I remain,\u003cbr\u003e\nYour affectionate son\u003cbr\u003e\nJ. Henry Reid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eP.S. I wish if you can possibly do it to purchase me a large knife \u0026amp; send it by the first opportunity . It is one of the most useful articles to a soldier. What must I do with my large Confederate notes. I cannot pass them out here. I expect we will go to the front for Maj. King wants his battalion to do something for him to get promoted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDirect Otey Battery, 13th Battalion Va Artillery, Longstreet's Corps.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["V.M.I.\nAug 10, 1862","Dear Pa\nHaving nothing else to do this evening I thought I would write to you although I had just seen you yesterday morning. After I left you I went up to Barracks \u0026 staid in my room all the morning. After dinner I had a very bad headache so I laid down \u0026 went to sleep whilst Henderson, Lee \u0026 Read went to town.","After supper the Corporal of the Guard came for me to go on guard at an outer post \u0026 was very particular in telling me to let no one pass without the countersign, but he would give me no load to put in my gun. After he left about 25 cadets came down \u0026 wanted to take my gun but I stuck one of them with my bayonet not very hard (for I knew it was all a trick to frighten me) \u0026 drove them off but they came back with guns \u0026 got my gun away. The Corporal came \u0026 made a big fuss saying he would have to be responsible for my neglect of duty, but I told him how 25 with guns could easily take one man but he said I must be court martialed \u0026 sent me to\nthe guard house but in fact Sub Profs. Wise \u0026 Semmes room, kept me in there some time \u0026 saw I was not to be fooled so let me go. That ended yesterday.","I went up town to the Church, I don't know what kind of church but think it was Presbyterian. Came back went to dinner \u0026 am now in my room No.76. Tell Ma to send my box about a foot or less any size about six inches high, I think she has one with my 2 shirts with the 2 collars, as soon as possible if she don't I will have watch money or nothing in a few days. I must close.\nPlease excuse writing as my fingers have all been put out of joint today \u0026 I can hardly write.\nWith love to all I remain.","Your affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid","P.S. Tell Mrs. Holcombe Tommy is getting on very well, is very studious \u0026 and fat as a pig. Remember me to Mrs. Brown, Mr. Brown, \u0026 every body who think enough of me to inquire after me. Tell Mac he ought to be here the bucking would not hurt him. Please send me some stamps. Henry.","VMI Aug 14, 1862","Dear Pa\nI received your letter about two hours ago just after dinner \u0026 was very glad to hear from you. I hope you have got me a box large enough to hold my collars hank \u0026, not a writing desk it is rather too small but perhaps I can make it do. The Staff Va buttons I would rather have than the V.M.I. Please send me a dozen.","I have bought a mattress for $7 whereas I would have to pay the quartermaster $14, but it should come out of the money which Gen. Smith holds \u0026 I consider I have saved $7. I borrowed it from Thomas Henderson because I did not want to use my small notes. I paid also 75 cts for a chair. Please send me $10. I may want to buy some thing else. I have spent 25 cts since I have been here.","Our studies are math \u0026 French. I am in the 8th section, 4th class math; 4th section, 4th class French. We will have more studies after the first of September. Geo., composition \u0026 some one or two other things. I will make 13 in French this week \u0026 14 in math. 15 is the highest \u0026 none have made 15 since I have been here.","I got 11 demerits the first day, 7 the second, 5 the third, 3 the fourth, 1 the fifth, \u0026 none since. I got off from all of them \u0026 all say I have got less demerits than any Rat that has come here this year. We get up at 5 to Rev, eat at 7 also at 1, squad drill at 5, dress parade at 6 \u0026 supper at\n7, Tattoo at 9½, \u0026 taps at 10. I have been on guard twice since I have been here.","I like the V.M.I very much \u0026 do not dislike the fare. Have fattened about 10 lbs. I have my white uniform \u0026 I think it improves me very much. All I want are the buttons. I don't understand you about the vest. I don't want one it will be no use. How do you do in the office with Mr. Jamieson. Please write me. Tell Mac McLean I am going to write to him as soon as I get things\nstraightened up.","I have three very nice room mates. F. Lee, S. Read \u0026 T. Henderson, all from Lynchburg, very kind \u0026 accomodating fellows. I have heard no news for I don't know how long, not since you left. Don't know where Jackson, Pope or any of our armies are. Please send me a paper with a great deal of news in it, for I want to hear something about military affairs.","Our clothes come in every Wednesday \u0026 Saturday evening. Last Wednesday evening they all came in \u0026 an old cadet by the name of Exall ordered me to carry his box of clothes up. It was more than I could stand so I pitched in I thrashed him pretty badly. The other cadets did not blame me but he collected some of his friends of the same feather \u0026 caught me, at least\njumped upon me suddenly Monday night as I was coming off guard with my gun lying carelessly across my shoulder, tied me \u0026 hung me over the door until I had no life in me \u0026 they had to throw water in my face, bathe my head \u0026c to bring me to. Yesterday I met two of them, the old cadets said they would see fair play so I beat one at a time all to pieces, knocked one's teeth down his throat, at least 2 of them in which I got one eye pretty black. Since then an order has been read out dismissing them for impudence to Major Shipp. None of the Subs found out about the fight though they saw there had been a fight some where. Please write often \u0026 long.\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid","P.S. Remember me to Mr. \u0026 Mrs. Brown \u0026 every body else. Tell Mrs. Holcombe Tommy is well \u0026 sends his love. Henry.","V.M.I. Aug 18 1862","Dear Pa\nThe desk \u0026 was recd safely Saturday morning. I walked down to the landing \u0026 got it myself, had to pay 50cts on it. All the things were in good order. Your letter \u0026 Ma's were safely recd., stamps, $2, buttons, shirts \u0026. Very much obliged for the apples \u0026 sugar, do not know what to do with the sugar unless I eat it so, No I will not do that, I will take it down to Mess Hall tonight \u0026 sweeten my milk with it and have a sort of Ice Cream.","One of my roommates Read S has gone to Lynchburg (you have probably seen him before this) on furlough. Please send by him some undershirts for it is very cold up here. I was on guard about 2'oclock last night \u0026 had nothing but my white clothes on, I very near froze. I would write for my thick winter coat but Gen. Smith recd a letter yesterday from Charleston saying the cloth had run the blockade \u0026 arrived safely. It will be here in a few days, so I will try \u0026 stand it as my order for Jacket, pants \u0026 overcoat is 3rd in the list \u0026 Mr. Vanderslice will soon make it. Gen. Smith says he has $30,000 worth of cloth about 15,000 yards or more because it did not cost $2 per yard in Europe.","Don't forget my buttons, send them by Read. Also $10 for mattress, chair \u0026. Send my other blanket as soon as you can, but do not pay a big price for me. I would rather wait a while.","My left little finger has been broke, but I am in hopes it will soon be well. My eye is well but some of the old cadets who have been on furlough \u0026 returned are very hard on Rats \u0026 I heard a cadet say this morning \"I pity the Rats now.\"","I will answer Ma's letter before long. I have now written four letters in a week so you must make them last for sometime. Write often,\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid","Remember me to all my friends \u0026 write me about Mr. Brown's boarders \u0026. My pillow is a great deal of use.","V.M.I. Aug 26 1862","Dear Pa\nHaving just recd your letter of the 21st I proceed to answer it at once.","In regard to my maltreatment I went next morning at sick roll call to see Dr. Madison who examined my neck \u0026 finger. He said my finger was right badly hurt and bound it up with two little boards, but my neck was not injured. My finger is nearly well but still swollen. If I had known in Lynchburg how I was to be treated I never would have consented to come, but since I have passed through it I don't think I will be molested any more, especially as Gen. Smith allowed the same fellows that maltreated me to resign for nearly killing a rat named Cocke, a son of Philip St. George Cocke, \u0026 all of them have gone home some days ago.","I have been right sick for several days. Had a chill Saturday \u0026 Sunday but went to the Dr. yesterday morning who gave me some white stuff something like chalk, which entirely relieved me except that it gave me a severe head ache.","We Rats have not any studying to do this week because of the examination which is progressing. The 1, 2, 3, 4, \u0026 5 sections, 4th Class expect to enter the 3rd Class, so then I will be in the 3 section, 4th Class whereas I am now in the 8th. Perhaps I may go in the 2nd or 1st. I made 15, the highest mark to be made, on Math last week \u0026 14 6/10 on French, which is also a very high mark as none in the class made higher.","In place of studying this week they try to drill us to death. We get up to Rev at 5, go to squad drill at 5½, \u0026 drill till 6½, go to breakfast parade at 7, go on guard mounting at 8, squad drill from 11 to 12, Dinner parade at 1, squad drill again at 5 to 6, dress parade from 6¼ to ¼7, evening parade at 7, \u0026 tattoo at 9½. Besides we are on guard twice in every week, stand one\nhour in the night each time.","I have no demerits so fair, will try \u0026 keep from getting them. I was very much surprised to see in an old Lynchburg paper the notice of Clem's departure. Write me about it \u0026 if he carried off any thing belonging to the Co. or your key, for you always gave it to him at night \u0026 I suppose he left in the night. I must close as it is very near 5 clk. Tell Ma to write to me with love to all,\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid","It takes 6 years single width of cloth to make me a uniform. Please send also 4 yards double width of Flannagan cloth to make me an overcoat. I want Browns cloth for my uniform \u0026 Flannagans for my overcoat. 6 yards single \u0026 4 yards double width. Be sure to put it up so it will not look like cloth, as any thing of that kind is stolen directly.","V.M.I. Aug 28 1862","Dear Pa \u0026 Ma\nI recd my box safely this morning and enjoyed the contents very much, but was disappointed at not finding the small Va. buttons as I had plenty of large V.M.I. buttons \u0026 did not want any large Va. The shirts, collars, cakes \u0026 apples all recd safe \u0026 sound. You need not have troubled yourselves about the apples as we get the best even nicer than you sent for 5 cts per doz \u0026\nsometimes cheaper. Peaches are considered high at 10 \u0026 15 cts, plenty of pears, plums \u0026.","I have not heard from Bro yet, expect a letter today. Write me about Clem's departure. I think Mr. Jamieson treated you very badly after he had accepted the place. You ought to get some body to take the place as you cannot do every thing.","My finger is a great deal better tho still swollen and a little crooked. It will get straight in the course of time. I have not been maltreated much lately. I must close with love to all, I remain,\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid","P.S. Please send my cloth as soon as possible, 6½ yards of Brown's \u0026 4 yards of Flannagan's as I wrote you in my last for my uniform \u0026 overcoat. 6½ single width for uniform, 4 double width overcoat \u0026 small Va staff buttons.","V.M.I. Sep 14 1862","Dear Pa\nYour letter was recd several days ago for which I am very much obliged as it has relieved me of a great deal of twisting \u0026.","Gen. Smith has gone to Gen. Jackson's army with his son (who you saw, he was adjutant of the V.M.I.) who has the position of first Lieutenant in the C.S.A. (Artillery). He will return in a few days, when he does I will ask him about the cloth \u0026 write you immediately.","Since the first of Sept I have been getting up at 5 oclk to Rev., squad drill from 5½ to 6½, breakfast at 7, go in to recite math at 8, Geography at 11, drawing, composition and French till 4, squad drill at 5, \u0026 Dress Parade at 6, supper at 7, \u0026 Tattoo at 9½.","The last week I made 15 on French (max 15) \u0026 14 6/10 on Math. They did not mark us on the other studies as we have just commenced. The reason I make such good marks in Math is because we are in the first part of Algebra \u0026 I have been over it before. If I could make 13 every week on math I would stand near the top of my class, but when we get over in the middle of the book I don't expect to average 11. Very few will make more. I am i the 7th section in alphabetical order. In French I will stand about 7 in the class.","Over 100 cadets were found deficient at the last examination \u0026 of course a great many of them will stand above me on Math. Frank Smith was so sure of being found deficient that he went home on furlough \u0026 did not even run for the 3rd class.","I have 5 demerits. It happened in this way. I was orderly of the room (an orderly is a cadet who is detailed every Sunday morning. He sweeps out the room, brings water \u0026 is responsible for noises \u0026). Some of the boys made a noise. I as orderly was reported for \"noise after Taps\" (after Taps is after the lights have been put out). All of them denied making any noise \u0026 I\nas orderly had to take the report. I don't think I will get any more for some time.","I am getting very tired of the V.M.I. \u0026 would a great deal rather be with you in the office than here, especially as you have no one to assist you. I know you have a great deal to do.","If our army goes into Alexandria I would like very much to go also. Write \u0026 let me know because if the army goes in it will not stay any length of time.","Ten cadets deserted the other day \u0026 10 or 12 more are making preparations to leave also. There is a rumor that all cadets over 18 will be taken as conscripts. I don't know how true it is, if so the Institute will be broken up unless they are exempted by Congress. I think by studying Gilham a little I might get an office in the army for I have learned a great deal about it. With love to Ma \u0026 all my friends.","I remain\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid.","V.M.I. Sep 20, 1862","Dear Pa\nYour letter written from Richmond was recd several days ago, and your letter of the 18th recd today.","When I first entered the Institute I liked it very well, but in the last two or three weeks I have become very much dissatisfied. Amongst other things I do not get enough to eat. My seat is in the middle of a long table. At breakfast a pitcher of milk is put at both ends \u0026 by the time it passes down to me there is no milk left so I have to eat dry bread, same at supper. Today at dinner I was so hungry that I ate a piece of rotten beef although it smelled very badly, \u0026 a small piece of bread. Since then I have thrown up several times and still feel very badly in my stomach. My only resource is to buy some apples \u0026 fill up with them. (Capt. Whitwell the Commissary says the fare will be better in a week or so). I felt so badly last Thursday night that I could not prepare any lessons and made zero which reduced my mark a great deal for the week. I am also inclined to some kind of disease in my stomach, my food constantly coming up in my mouth \u0026 my throat hurting me but perhaps that may wear off. I had a cold sweat last night which I don't like very much. I intend going to morrow to see Dr. Madison about it.","I have 13 demerits, 5 for noise after taps, 3 for no regulations in room (I did not know that we were obliged to have them in our room) \u0026 5 for falling out of ranks at drill. The way I came to fall out was thus. For the last two or three weeks we have been double‐quicked nearly to death \u0026 the evening on which I fell out I was very unwell \u0026 double‐quicked until I could go no further. So I fell out \u0026 came to my room. I told Maj. Shipp how it was but he refused to take it off. I don't think I will get any more for some time. There are very few who have as few demerits as me. Thomas Henderson had 40 3 weeks ago. I don't know how many he has now about 60 I suppose \u0026 he has only been here 10 days longer than me. He will be dismissed for neglect of studies unless he alters a great deal. He is the most good‐for‐nothing fellow I ever came across. Has not as much sense as his sister Julia.","I have learned so rapidly lately that they have put me in Company drill, which I am very glad of for it is nothing like as hard as Squad drill.","I asked Gen. Smith this morning about the cloth. He said he did not know when he would get cloth so you had better send mine up. He has given some boys furloughs to go home to provide their winter clothing. He says if I get the gray like you have his will be something like it and I will not want another uniform. Please send it on a Friday so that I can go down \u0026 get it on Saturday. You know how much to send for uniform \u0026 overcoat. The uniform of Brown's \u0026 the overcoat of Flannagan's I wrote you some time ago how much it took to make them. I reckon you had better wait till Ma comes back before you send it but be sure to send it on a Friday. Bundle it up good and write me when you sent it so I will know when to look out for it. I must close with love to all,","I remain,\nYour affectionate son, J. Henry Reid.","P.S. We have not begun to drill Artillery yet, perhaps not at all. Please write me what Bro is doing, what his position, \u0026.","V.M.I. Sept 27 1862","Dear Pa\nI recd your letter day before yesterday, but did not know what to make of its contents. It ran thus, \"I do not think Henry has yet acknowledged the receipt of a package sent him about two weeks ago in the care of a Cadet going to the V.M.I. Capt. Wilkinson was off the line and at the moment of starting the Capt. of the boat was so occupied and I so hurried in getting ashore that I left the package with the Cadet and handed him 25 to pay freight on it. It contained 2 blankets and something else perhaps buttons.\"","It seems the letter is not addressed to me but to somebody else. I recd the package safely, blankets \u0026 buttons and thought I had written you so. I am very much obliged to you for the blankets are a great deal of use these cold nights, for we nearly freeze.","I can either get $4 for my buttons or get 3 doz cadets buttons for them. Please when you send my cloth send my cap cover. It belonged to the cap I sold Boyd Smith. Ma knows where it is she put it away, also my skates, they are in the barrel. Let me know when you send the cloth. Please send it on a Friday so I can go down \u0026 get it on Saturday.","I have been very sick in the last week and got the report \"not studious\" which Dr. Madison will excuse me from. I made very poor marks \u0026 got some 10 or 12 demerits for absent from roll call \u0026. Maj. Shipp assures me Dr. Madison will excuse me from all my demerits so I will be free once more from demerit. I have 20 so far but will write my excuses Monday and send them in\nto Gen Smith's office. In intend to try next week to make up in my studies also. The eating does not improve \u0026 I am nearly starved. Much as I can do to keep up. I nearly froze on guard last night \u0026 expect to freeze tonight. I think when I get off from my demerit I can easily keep from them.","I must close. Write me the news about Bro with love to all. I remain,\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid.","V .M.I. Sept 30 1862","Dear Pa\nI recd your letter yesterday morning after I had written you in answer to a letter recd several days ago. I am very glad to hear that the cloth will be here so soon, as it is very cold late at night and early in the morning with my white uniform, and besides I nearly freeze when I go on guard at night (every 4th night). Since I recd the blankets I have been very comfortable at\nnight.","Speaking of the fare I could not get milk or bread, the only thing you can buy up here is apples, and you have to live on them. At breakfast this morning I took a small piece of bread for my dinner (I did not intend to go to dinner), and was reported for \"carrying provisions from Hall.\" Don't you think that is hard.","I have been sick now for nearly two weeks \u0026 have fallen off about 25 pounds. Dr. Madison has been giving me quinine and some kind of acid, which does me a little good but about 4 oclock every evening I have a very high fever which lasts till after bed time. I have had it regularly every evening for two weeks. I understand Dr. Madison said this morning that the fare here\nwas calculated to give any body the Typhoid fever. I hope they will change it, for the milk affects me just as it does you. I don't know what you call the disease but think it is the \"dyspepsia\". I have attended to nearly all my duty since I have been sick, but I will go into the Hospital if it continues much longer.","I have gotten off from all my demerits except \"noise after taps,\" 5 demerits which I think when Maj. Shipp returns I will get off from. I got a report yesterday for grabbing provisions which I intend to deny for I can prove by 3 or 4 that I did not do it. The Sergeant who reported me says himself he may have been mistaken in the person. I cannot get off until Maj. Shipp returns (report says he has gone off to be married.) I have another report for \"allowing visiting whilst on Post on 25th\". I was not on post on that day, but a rat by the name of Reed T. from Winchester was. I will refer that to him, also a report loitering on post. I think I can get off from all but the 5 for \"noise after Taps.\"","I have been made Section marcher to the 8th section, 4th class math (the duty of a Section Marcher is to call the roll of his section every time it goes into recite, also to march the section in, report all absentees \u0026 is responsible for all trifling \u0026 talking in ranks \u0026c. Frank Smith is in my section, he is on furlough at present.","What is the news? Our army had gone into Maryland \u0026 returned before I knew they were really in Maryland. Have you heard from Charlottesville lately? How is Miss McPherson \u0026 all our friends. I must close. With love to all, I remain\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid","Please don't forget the cap cover \u0026 skates. A young fellow by the name of Waller came here from Lynchburg \u0026 was shipped in 5 days. Mrs. Brown knows him very well. I have moved over on the side of barracks towards Gen. Smith's, No. 75 with Henderson, Wright from N.C., White from this place, Griffin from Roanoke \u0026 myself. Very pleasant roommates so far except Henderson, but we keep him under. Tell Ma to write me all the news of her trip \u0026c. Every boy in barracks has remarked how poor I am \u0026 you know how poor I was when I left Lynchburg.","V.M.I. Oct 5 1862","Dear Ma\nI recd your letter yesterday morning and would have answered it yesterday (Saturday) but I had a great deal to do before going on Battalion Inspection (the first time I have been on). I recd the cloth safely, also skates, cap cover \u0026 apples for which I am very much obliged. Gen. Smith told me yesterday morning that he thought he could get cloth in 2 or 3 weeks, but he\nwould not have enough to give the cadets overcoats, only jackets \u0026 pants. If so I will keep the fine and only use the coarse for an overcoat \u0026 if he gives me jacket \u0026 pants I will send the other back. You say in your letter you send both cap covers. I recd only one. Please send the other for this one does not suit the cap \u0026 I can easily sell it.","Pa says in his letter \"as to your freezing on post at night, it seems to me the woollen clothes you carried ought to protect you.\" I never brought any woollen clothes with me. The only woollen thing I brought was my cloth coat \u0026 that I put in the arsenal soon after I came here \u0026 there were about 75 trunks on top of mine but I went in yesterday \u0026 got some boys to help me \u0026 got my coat out. White, one of my roommates, has bought a very good overcoat which I can wear at night. It keeps me quite comfortable. I think I can get along as far as clothes are concerned. You need not trouble yourself about sending me anything to eat as probably in a box of cakes I would get 2 or 3 to eat (you need not send my file). I will see a servt. about getting me some thing to eat or apply to change my seat which I think I can easily do.","Maj. Shipp has not returned yet, when he does I will see about my demerits. About 30 cadets are going to be shipped for having over 100 demerits in six months, 5 were sent off yesterday. Adie from Leesburg, Helm from Warrn., Grant \u0026 2 Williams from Richmond. Patton nephew of Geo. A Smith \u0026 Gilham son of Col. Gilham are amongst the number. Old cadets say they are more stringent now than they have ever been before. As soon as a cadet gets 100 he is sent home \u0026 somebody else comes in to fill his place. There is not one in the Institute who has not over 25. Tom Henderson has about 60 \u0026 if he don't get off from some he will be shipped.","I must close as I have to go to Bible class, which recites in a few moments. With love to all I remain.\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid.","V.M.I. Oct 12 1862. Sunday.","Dear Pa \u0026 Ma\nI recd your letter day before yesterday, also the box \u0026 letter yesterday, for which I am very much obliged. I was very hungry when the box came \u0026 I certainly enjoyed the sweet potatoes, bread \u0026 jelly \u0026. But I am afraid I cannot eat any more because I have a rising in my ear which Dr. Madison cut yesterday. It is swollen up so much this evening that I can hardly open my\nmouth much less eat. I intend to try \u0026 keep my things until it gets so I can eat. The bread is the best thing as I can buy some butter \u0026 have very good eating.","If I had recd your letter about a week ago when I was sick I should certainly have applied for a furlough, but I have so far recovered that I think I can get along here, especially as it takes all the studying I can do to keep up with my class. If I go home I will be thrown back \u0026 will probably never catch up again. I would like very much to go but would rather wait till Christmas when we have 2 weeks vacation.","You need not be afraid of my being shipped for demerits as I have only 10. 5 for noise after taps, 3 for being late at Dress Parade (I had to go to the Surgeon's Office and as I came back stopped at the Tailor shop to be measured, the drum beat \u0026 before I could get to my room \u0026 get my gun my company had fallen in), \u0026 2 for throwing water on stoop. One of my roommates\nthrew the water on but denied it. I, as orderly, had to take the report. It has been some time since I got a report \u0026 I don't think I will get any more demerit.","Wm Gordon's son arrived yesterday. He is the greenest rat I ever saw--has no sense at all. I must close with love to all. I remain,\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid.","V.M.I. Oct. 18, 1862","Dear Pa\nI recd your letter this evening and according to your request I answer immediately.","As well as I remember the report for Oct \u0026 Nov 1861 were put up in envelopes in bundles \u0026 were in the little box on the right hand side of the closet as you go in. They were mixed up with other months I think, but I am not sure. I know how troublesome it will be to find them. Undo the bundles and you will see marked on the backs of the envelopes the month \u0026 dates.","My ear has nearly gotton well but it pained me a great deal. The rising went up into my head \u0026 stopped up the opening so that Dr. Madison had to cut through the lower part, which gave me a great deal of pain. It is however now nearly well.","I have had my uniform made which makes me feel quite comfortable. Gen. Smith expected to get some cloth from near Winchester, but Gen. Lee pressed it for his army and Gen. Smith will have to do without it. I don't know what the Rats will do.","I went up town to day \u0026 had the pleasure of seeing Miss Cassy Reeder from Waynesboro. She says all were well when she left. I have gotten off from all my demerits \u0026 will try not to get any more. I must close. With love to all I remain,\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid","P.S. Please send me my old cadet pants, old gray ones, some Friday. Ma knows which ones.","V.M.I. Oct 26 1862","Dear Ma\nI recd your letters and also the box day before yesterday, for which I am very much obliged. I enjoyed the bread very much and will have the potatoes cooked today. I enjoyed the bread very much. It rained very hard \u0026 I did not go to dinner so I came up to my room and eat nearly all of my rolls. I intend to get to the Old Judge (an old negro man who cooks all our Beef) to cook them this evening.","You may sell my Jacket \u0026 Overcoat if you want to, but don't you think my overcoat will make me a good coat or vest when cloth gets scarce, but you can dojust as you please. It is in the largest box at the office with my gun. My winter coat vest \u0026 pants will fit me a year, hence do not sell them. I have gotten entirely well and have to study hard to catch up \u0026 keep up with my section. I have had another rising in my ear but hope it will soon be well.","I have gotton off from all my demerits but 8, 5 for allowing visiting \u0026 3 for loitering on post. The way I got the first was in this way. I was on Post no3 when the Inspector visited. I made all the rooms on my post report just before the Inspector visited. They all reported \"all right\" but the Inspector caught someone visiting \u0026 reported me as sentinel for allowing visiting. I told Capt. Semmes (who was acting commandant in Maj. Ship's absence) how it was but he would not let me off. Maj. Ship would have taken it off I am sure about loitering on post. I know nothing about it and will get off I think.","I have an opportunity of buying a first rate pair of high top shoes made something like the gaiters Pa got in Washington (which were the best shoes I ever had) for $15. Mr. White the father of one of my roommates who has a store up town had them before the war and offers them to me as a special favor (they do not fit his son). They are the finest calf-skin double soles worth $25 or $30 in Richmond or Lynchburg. I will need them this winter as my English shoes have proved a failure and have worn out already. If Pa thinks I had better take them he can send me a check or if he thinks not I will not get them. It is certainly a bargain \u0026 I am sure I will need them.","They have not commenced to heat up barracks yet. Some say they will not commence till Christmas. Gen. Smith has succeeded in getting cloth so I will have 2 uniforms. I have done without an overcoat \u0026 if I get a cadet overcoat I will send my cloth back home. It is very cold getting up at 5 oclk without any fire \u0026 going out \u0026 drilling an hour.","How do you get along with your envelopes. Write \u0026 tell me. I must close. Please excuse this hastily written eltter as I am writing in a cold room without any fire. With love to all I remain.\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid","P.S. I wish you could take a trip over here but it will cost a great deal I suppose and would hardly be worth while if I go home Christmas.","V.M.I. Saturday 9 o'Clock a.m.","Dear Pa\nI recd your very kind letter on Monday evening and would have answered it before, but that I wanted to write you a long letter \u0026 thought I would wait till today (Saturday) because I had not time to write you but a very short one in a week day especially when we have so much to do.","Gen. Smith seems determined to pick math into our heads. He gives some 20 or 30 pages of Algebra every day and you may know how much I have studied when I tell you, that all the time I went to Mr. Kirk's, Mr. Smith's \u0026 Mr. Scott's, I only went through my Arithmetic and very little Algebra, whereas I have been here only three months and have gone through my Algebra and will go into Geometry in a few weeks or perhaps sooner.","I had worked my way up to the 2nd section math, but when I was sick I fell so far back that I could not keep up with it, and I was transfered to the 8th section. I make only tolerably good marks because whilst I was sick the class went over a great deal that I did not understand \u0026 I have to study hard to understand it. I however make good marks in French and make the max\nin Geography nearly every week. The way Geo. is taught is a very good one. When we go into the Section room, Colonel Williamson sends one of us to the Blackboard and tells us to draw the map of such a country or state with all of its rivers towns \u0026. It was very hard to me at first but I can draw a pretty good map now. In French I have gone through the Grammars and will\nbegin to read Gil Blas on Monday. I make the max or within a few tenths of it every week (you may not understand me when I say tenths. The way they mark us is this, if you make a perfect recitation they mark you thirty tenths or three whole ones \u0026 skin you by tenths according as you recite. On compostion they have not commenced to mark us.","I know the fare we get is not sufficient for this season. I have therefore made an arrangement with a servant to supply me with some chicken some butter and some good bread every five days in a week at $1.25. I intend to try and get him down to $1. If he furnishes it to me in Mess Hall they will report me for private dish. I therefore stay away from dinner and he brings it to me in my room. He has furnished me now for four days and I will owe him after today $1.25 and I have only 50cts left. I will get him to trust me and pay him at the end of the month.","I have made my money hold out right well. I brought $8 here with me, you sent me $10 which made $18. I paid $7 for a bed, 75 cts for a chair, 75cts for a broom, $1 for a water bucket, $1 to get my gun cleaned (It was so rusty I could do nothing with it and I was obliged to have it cleaned or I would have been reported every time I went on drill), $1 loaned to Tom Henderson and 50cts to the Soldiers Aid Society up town, which left me about $4.50 with which I have bought apples, cakes \u0026 at different times when I was very hungry. I have made my money go as far as I possibly could because I knew you had no money to waste.","I do not think I could have stood the fare much longer if it had not have been for your kind offer. I began to feel weak about the legs, a dizziness about the eyes, violent head-ache and a feeling of emptyness about the stomach. I had this feeling nearly all the time and still have it slightly, but I feel a great deal better since I have been buying from the old negro. But I have not regained my my weight by 15 lbs. By the time I eat some more of my dinners I think I will feel right well. There is a report amongst the boys that Gen Smith is going to give us coffee \u0026 ham, if so I will buy no more dinners. It may be only a rumour for all I know but I think it very\nprobable for Gen. Smith certainly can have more feeling than to feed us on Bread \u0026 milk all the winter.","We get up every morning at 5 o'clock to Rev (before day), go on Squad drill at 5½ \u0026 drill til 6½ (You may imagine how cold is is especially our hands which rests against the butt of the stock which is covered with Iron), after we come off to find no fire in our room which is considered the coldest in Barracks (It is heated by steam through pipes). We intend to apply for another room or apply to Gen. Smith to have the pipes fixed so some steam will come up.","(3 o'clock p.m.). Your most welcome letter of the 29th is just recd (It ought to have gotten here yesterday) containing a check for $15 for which I am very much obliged. I will get my shoes this evening and make them last as long as possible. I have also recd the seven Examiners \u0026 will have a treat in reading them.","Dr. Madison says the risings in my ear were caused by the old cadets pulling them, he put some laudanum \u0026 sweet oil in them which casued them to run and they feel a great deal better. I still keep wood in them \u0026 will continue to do so until they are entirely well. May hearing is as good as ever when I take the wool out.","Gen. Smith's cloth was expected today. I will then have two uniforms. I will take care of the one made out of his cloth and wear my own every day because his will be much prettier. He will not let me have an overcoat because the cloth will hardly furnish all with uniforms. I cannot take an overcoat \u0026 no uniform because all are obliged to have uniforms alike to wear on drills, dress parade \u0026 so I will be obliged to use my cloth, besides an overcoat out of my cloth will not cost near as much as one out of his.","I am sorry to hear you are sick with the Jaundice (I do not know what it is but suppose it is something concerning the stomach). I hope it is not serious enough to make you lie down and hope you will soon recover. I know you are in good hands \u0026 wish I could have been as lucky when I was sick. I have a very poor opinion of Dr. Madison as a physician.","There is a disease in Barracks which I do not like. It breaks out on the hands \u0026 resembles the \"Itch\". You need say nothing about it as I am not sure of its being the \"Itch.\"","I do not wish to disappoint you but I do not think the chances are very good for my getting a furlough Christmas. I intend to try very hard to get one \u0026 am almost sure I can with a recommendation from you.","I recd a letter today from Tom McRoberts. He is keeping books for a firm in Raymond, Hinds Co., Miss and is doing very well. He has been discharged from the army. Please let me know where Bro is \u0026 what he is doing. With love to all I remain.\nYour affectionate son\nJ Henry Reid.","P.S. Ask Ma to look \u0026 see if I left my buck skin gloves with her. If I brought them with me they have disappeared in some way, altho I am more carefull of my clothes than any one in Barracks. If you have them please send them to me. What did hte cloth you bought from Flannagan cost per yard?\nHenry","Camp Carter's Station\nMarch 7th 1864","Dear Pa\nHaving received no answer to my last which contained an account of my hardships in coming out and entering camp, I suppose you must be in Richmond and I having an opportunity write again.","We have had some very fine weather since I last wrote, but it is raining today which makes camp life very unpleasant. We have been expecting to move ever since last Tuesday, but the cars are without an engine and consequently we cannot go until one does come, which I hope will not be shortly as it is a great deal of trouble moving and making bunks etc. Although I like this life very well I am sure it it not as pleasant as in the Engineer service. We get wet one day, dry the next, get wet the next and so on. In the Engineer Corps we can always get to some house out of the rain and mud.","Besides the people out here are all Yankees and it is very hard to get anything to eat. They are the most ignorant set of people I ever saw. I have been for miles around and have not come across the first respectable looking man yet. The ladies call us Rebels, abuse us \u0026. You seldom find that elegance and taste which belongs to a Virginia lady and especially Lynchburgers. Get the Detail if you possibly can and write me as soon as you hear.","I must close as I am lying on my side in a crowded bunk with my feet poking out in the rain writing this. With love to Ma, Miss Emma, Miss Annie, Miss Millie and all the ladies, I remain,\nYour affectionate son\nJ. Henry Reid.","P.S. I wish if you can possibly do it to purchase me a large knife \u0026 send it by the first opportunity . It is one of the most useful articles to a soldier. What must I do with my large Confederate notes. I cannot pass them out here. I expect we will go to the front for Maj. King wants his battalion to do something for him to get promoted.","Direct Otey Battery, 13th Battalion Va Artillery, Longstreet's Corps."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames H. Reid papers, 1862-1867. MS 0222. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["James H. Reid papers, 1862-1867. MS 0222. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe James H. Reid papers consist of the Civil War correspondence (18 items) of Reid. Included are 14 letters (dated August-November 1862) from Reid to his parents written while he was a fourth classman at VMI. This correspondence contains many references to wartime cadet life, including the use of the term \"rat\" as a name for new cadets, hazing, uniforms, food, guard duty, and other aspects of life at VMI.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers also contain one letter (dated March 7 1864) written while Reid was serving with the 13th Virginia Light Artillery Regiment, Confederate States of America, and four letters that date between 1865 and 1867.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life, mentioning the cirriculum and the slang term \"rat.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Camp at Carter's Station. Letter regards life at camp.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The James H. Reid papers consist of the Civil War correspondence (18 items) of Reid. Included are 14 letters (dated August-November 1862) from Reid to his parents written while he was a fourth classman at VMI. This correspondence contains many references to wartime cadet life, including the use of the term \"rat\" as a name for new cadets, hazing, uniforms, food, guard duty, and other aspects of life at VMI.","The papers also contain one letter (dated March 7 1864) written while Reid was serving with the 13th Virginia Light Artillery Regiment, Confederate States of America, and four letters that date between 1865 and 1867.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life, mentioning the cirriculum and the slang term \"rat.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards cadet life.","Written from Camp at Carter's Station. Letter regards life at camp."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b7b56d7445b436a790a7777302cc9008\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Reid, James H. (James Henry), 1845-1921","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Madison, Robert L. (Robert Lewis), 1828-1878","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863"],"names_coll_ssim":["Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Madison, Robert L. (Robert Lewis), 1828-1878"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Reid, James H. (James Henry), 1845-1921","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Madison, Robert L. (Robert Lewis), 1828-1878","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_613_c01_c02"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_86_c03_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"34th Massachusetts Infantry documents, 1864","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_86_c03_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_86_c03_c01","ref_ssm":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_86_c03_c01"],"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_86_c03_c01","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_86","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_86","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_86_c03","parent_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_86_c03","parent_ssim":["New Market collection, 1894/1915","New Market related items"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_86","vilxv_repositories_3_resources_86_c03"],"title_filing_ssi":"34th Massachusetts Infantry documents","title_ssm":["34th Massachusetts Infantry documents"],"title_tesim":["34th Massachusetts Infantry documents"],"normalized_title_ssm":["34th Massachusetts Infantry documents, 1864"],"text":["34th Massachusetts Infantry documents, 1864","New Market collection, 1894/1915","New Market related items","English"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["New Market collection, 1894/1915","New Market related items"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["New Market collection, 1894/1915","New Market related items"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1864"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":61,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"collection_ssim":["New Market collection, 1894/1915"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1864],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#0","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_86","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_86","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_86","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_86","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_86.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00036.xml","title_filing_ssi":"New Market Collection","title_ssm":["New Market collection"],"title_tesim":["New Market collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1894-1915"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1894-1915"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1894/1915"],"normalized_title_ssm":["New Market collection, 1894/1915"],"text":["New Market collection, 1894/1915","MS.0002","/repositories/3/resources/86","United States. Army—Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, 34th (1862-1865)","United States. Army—Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, 54th (1862-1865)","United States. Army—Ohio Infantry Regiment, 123rd (1862-1865)","United States. Army—Connecticut Infantry Regiment, 18th (1862-1865)","United States. Army—Maryland Infantry Regiment, 1st (1861-1865)","United States. Army—New York Cavalry Regiment, 1st (1861-1865)","United States. Army—New York Cavalry Regiment, 15th (1863-1865)","United States. Army—New York Cavalry Regiment, 21th (1863-1866)","United States. Army—West Virginia Infantry Regiment, 12th (1862-1865)","United States. Army—West Virginia Infantry Regiment, 1st (1861-1864)","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 22nd","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 23rd","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 26th","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 62nd","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Artillery—Chapman's Battery","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 18th","New Market, Battle of, New Market, Va., 1864—Personal narratives","New Market Cadets","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1866","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1867","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Maps","Military maps","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1869","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry, Regiment, 51st","Memoirs","Maps","Correspondence","There are no restrictions","The Civil War Battle of New Market, Virginia took place on May 15, 1864. The Virginia Military Corps of Cadets participated as a unit in this engagement, and ten cadets were killed or died later as a result of their wounds. The battle was fought in response to Union General Franz Sigel's march up the Shenandoah Valley from Winchester towards Staunton, Virginia. The Confederate force then in the Valley, commanded by General John Imboden, was reinforced at Staunton by troops commanded by General John C. Breckinridge, and by the VMI cadets commanded by Major Scott Shipp. The Confederate troops marched north where the battle took place on the afternoon of May 15. At about 4 p.m., Sigel ordered a retreat and fell back to Strasburg, Pennsylvania.","The individuals largely responsible for compiling this collection had strong ties to VMI and to the battle. Henry A. Wise, the son of John Cropper Wise and Anne Finney, was born in Accomac County, Virginia in May 1842. He graduated from VMI in 1862 and served in the Confederate Army until he was captured and paroled, also in 1862. During the period of his parole, he returned to VMI as a faculty member and tactical officer. Wise was in command of Cadet Company A at the Battle of New Market and took command of the Cadet Battalion after Scott Shipp was wounded. After the War, Wise resumed his career as an educator in the Tidewater area (Virginia) and in Baltimore, Maryland. He died in Norfolk, Virginia on July 11, 1918.","Benjamin Azariah Colonna, the son of John Wilkins Colonna and Margaret Jones, was born in Accomac County, Virginia in October 1843. He graduated from VMI in 1864 and, while at VMI, took part in the Battle of New Market as Cadet Captain of Company D. Following the War, Colonna worked as a surveyor and civil engineer. He maintained a lifelong interest in the battle and was responsible for the accurate mapping of the battlefield. He died in 1924 in Washington, D.C.","Porter Johnson was born on October 19, 1845 in Pruntytown, Taylor County, West Virginia. He was living in Brownsburg, Rockbridge County, Virginia at beginning of the Civil War. He matriculated at VMI on September 1, 1863 and was a Cadet Private at the Battle of New Market on May 15, 1864. He resigned from Corps of Cadets on March 6, 1865 and joined the 8th Confederate Battalion commanded by Colonel Garnett Andrews. Johnson was captured in Salisbury, North Carolina on April 12, 1865 and imprisoned. He was paroled on June 13, 1865. After the War he returned to Rockbridge County where he was a farmer. He died on June 9, 1917.","The New Market collection consists primarily of reminiscences of the Battle of New Market, Virginia (May 15, 1864) written by participants and other witnesses between 1894 and 1915. Written in response to specific inquiries and questionnaires, these memoirs were collected by various groups and individuals, including the VMI Alumni Association, author/historian Edward R. Turner, Henry A. Wise (VMI Class of 1862) and Benjamin A. Colonna (VMI Class of 1864). In addition to VMI cadet participants, information was received from veterans of other Confederate units, from Union soldiers, and from a small number number of eyewitnesses who were citizens of the town of New Market at the time of the battle.","Some of the responses are very detailed, while others contain little information other than the fact of participation. The accounts collected by Colonna reflect his particular interest in troop movements and positions, and in mapping the battlefield.","In addition to the memoirs, the collection also includes:\n\nColonna's map of the battlefield and materials relating to the creation of the map\nFour documents (1864) related to the 34th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, one of the Union Army units at the battle\nPrinted material","These documents were collected primarily by Henry A. Wise and by officials of VMI. They solicited details about the Battle of New Market and include replies from many New Market cadets.","An account of the Battle of New Market written in 1909 by Porter Johnson. As a VMI Cadet, Johnson participated in the battle as a Private, Company B, Corps of Cadets.","These recollections of the Battle of New Market were collected primarily by Benjamin A. Colonna as part of his efforts to create an accurate map of the battlefield.","One play by John W. Sherman published as \"New Market,\" or \"The Boy Heroes of '64.\"","Oversized items have been removed and are located in oversized case, manuscripts.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 1","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Colonna, Benjamin A. (Benjamin Azariah), 1843-1924","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1842-1918","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Johnson, Porter, 1845-1917","Claybrook, Frederick W. (Frederick William), 1844-1914","Faulkner, Charles J. (Charles James), 1847-?","Letcher, Samuel H. (Samuel Houston), 1848-1914","Minge, Collier H. (Collier Harrison), 1845-1915","Pizzini, Andrew, Jr., 1846-1913","Tate, Charles B. (Charles Beverly), 1847-1925","Whitehead, Henry C. (Henry Colgate), 1845-1920","Wise, John S. (John Sergeant), 1846-1913","Woodbridge, Jonathan E. (Jonathan Edwards), 1844-1935","Wise, Louis C., 1844-1911","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["New Market collection, 1894/1915"],"collection_ssim":["New Market collection, 1894/1915"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0002","/repositories/3/resources/86"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0002","/repositories/3/resources/86"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Colonna, Benjamin A. (Benjamin Azariah), 1843-1924","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1842-1918","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917"],"creator_ssim":["Colonna, Benjamin A. (Benjamin Azariah), 1843-1924","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1842-1918","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Colonna, Benjamin A. (Benjamin Azariah), 1843-1924","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1842-1918","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Johnson, Porter, 1845-1917","Claybrook, Frederick W. (Frederick William), 1844-1914","Faulkner, Charles J. (Charles James), 1847-?","Letcher, Samuel H. (Samuel Houston), 1848-1914","Minge, Collier H. (Collier Harrison), 1845-1915","Pizzini, Andrew, Jr., 1846-1913","Tate, Charles B. (Charles Beverly), 1847-1925","Whitehead, Henry C. (Henry Colgate), 1845-1920","Wise, John S. (John Sergeant), 1846-1913","Woodbridge, Jonathan E. (Jonathan Edwards), 1844-1935","Wise, Louis C., 1844-1911"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Colonna, Benjamin A. (Benjamin Azariah), 1843-1924","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1842-1918","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Johnson, Porter, 1845-1917","Claybrook, Frederick W. (Frederick William), 1844-1914","Faulkner, Charles J. (Charles James), 1847-?","Letcher, Samuel H. (Samuel Houston), 1848-1914","Minge, Collier H. (Collier Harrison), 1845-1915","Pizzini, Andrew, Jr., 1846-1913","Tate, Charles B. (Charles Beverly), 1847-1925","Whitehead, Henry C. (Henry Colgate), 1845-1920","Wise, John S. (John Sergeant), 1846-1913","Woodbridge, Jonathan E. (Jonathan Edwards), 1844-1935","Wise, Louis C., 1844-1911","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States. Army—Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, 34th (1862-1865)","United States. Army—Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, 54th (1862-1865)","United States. Army—Ohio Infantry Regiment, 123rd (1862-1865)","United States. Army—Connecticut Infantry Regiment, 18th (1862-1865)","United States. Army—Maryland Infantry Regiment, 1st (1861-1865)","United States. Army—New York Cavalry Regiment, 1st (1861-1865)","United States. Army—New York Cavalry Regiment, 15th (1863-1865)","United States. Army—New York Cavalry Regiment, 21th (1863-1866)","United States. Army—West Virginia Infantry Regiment, 12th (1862-1865)","United States. Army—West Virginia Infantry Regiment, 1st (1861-1864)","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 22nd","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 23rd","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 26th","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 62nd","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Artillery—Chapman's Battery","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 18th","New Market, Battle of, New Market, Va., 1864—Personal narratives","New Market Cadets","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1866","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1867","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Maps","Military maps","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1869","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry, Regiment, 51st","Memoirs","Maps","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States. Army—Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, 34th (1862-1865)","United States. Army—Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, 54th (1862-1865)","United States. Army—Ohio Infantry Regiment, 123rd (1862-1865)","United States. Army—Connecticut Infantry Regiment, 18th (1862-1865)","United States. Army—Maryland Infantry Regiment, 1st (1861-1865)","United States. Army—New York Cavalry Regiment, 1st (1861-1865)","United States. Army—New York Cavalry Regiment, 15th (1863-1865)","United States. Army—New York Cavalry Regiment, 21th (1863-1866)","United States. Army—West Virginia Infantry Regiment, 12th (1862-1865)","United States. Army—West Virginia Infantry Regiment, 1st (1861-1864)","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 22nd","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 23rd","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 26th","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 62nd","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Artillery—Chapman's Battery","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 18th","New Market, Battle of, New Market, Va., 1864—Personal narratives","New Market Cadets","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1866","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1867","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Maps","Military maps","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1869","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry, Regiment, 51st","Memoirs","Maps","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.5 cubic feet 3 document boxes and oversized materials"],"extent_tesim":["1.5 cubic feet 3 document boxes and oversized materials"],"genreform_ssim":["Memoirs","Maps","Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Civil War Battle of New Market, Virginia took place on May 15, 1864. The Virginia Military Corps of Cadets participated as a unit in this engagement, and ten cadets were killed or died later as a result of their wounds. The battle was fought in response to Union General Franz Sigel's march up the Shenandoah Valley from Winchester towards Staunton, Virginia. The Confederate force then in the Valley, commanded by General John Imboden, was reinforced at Staunton by troops commanded by General John C. Breckinridge, and by the VMI cadets commanded by Major Scott Shipp. The Confederate troops marched north where the battle took place on the afternoon of May 15. At about 4 p.m., Sigel ordered a retreat and fell back to Strasburg, Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe individuals largely responsible for compiling this collection had strong ties to VMI and to the battle. Henry A. Wise, the son of John Cropper Wise and Anne Finney, was born in Accomac County, Virginia in May 1842. He graduated from VMI in 1862 and served in the Confederate Army until he was captured and paroled, also in 1862. During the period of his parole, he returned to VMI as a faculty member and tactical officer. Wise was in command of Cadet Company A at the Battle of New Market and took command of the Cadet Battalion after Scott Shipp was wounded. After the War, Wise resumed his career as an educator in the Tidewater area (Virginia) and in Baltimore, Maryland. He died in Norfolk, Virginia on July 11, 1918.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Azariah Colonna, the son of John Wilkins Colonna and Margaret Jones, was born in Accomac County, Virginia in October 1843. He graduated from VMI in 1864 and, while at VMI, took part in the Battle of New Market as Cadet Captain of Company D. Following the War, Colonna worked as a surveyor and civil engineer. He maintained a lifelong interest in the battle and was responsible for the accurate mapping of the battlefield. He died in 1924 in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003ePorter Johnson was born on October 19, 1845 in Pruntytown, Taylor County, West Virginia. He was living in Brownsburg, Rockbridge County, Virginia at beginning of the Civil War. He matriculated at VMI on September 1, 1863 and was a Cadet Private at the Battle of New Market on May 15, 1864. He resigned from Corps of Cadets on March 6, 1865 and joined the 8th Confederate Battalion commanded by Colonel Garnett Andrews. Johnson was captured in Salisbury, North Carolina on April 12, 1865 and imprisoned. He was paroled on June 13, 1865. After the War he returned to Rockbridge County where he was a farmer. He died on June 9, 1917.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Civil War Battle of New Market, Virginia took place on May 15, 1864. The Virginia Military Corps of Cadets participated as a unit in this engagement, and ten cadets were killed or died later as a result of their wounds. The battle was fought in response to Union General Franz Sigel's march up the Shenandoah Valley from Winchester towards Staunton, Virginia. The Confederate force then in the Valley, commanded by General John Imboden, was reinforced at Staunton by troops commanded by General John C. Breckinridge, and by the VMI cadets commanded by Major Scott Shipp. The Confederate troops marched north where the battle took place on the afternoon of May 15. At about 4 p.m., Sigel ordered a retreat and fell back to Strasburg, Pennsylvania.","The individuals largely responsible for compiling this collection had strong ties to VMI and to the battle. Henry A. Wise, the son of John Cropper Wise and Anne Finney, was born in Accomac County, Virginia in May 1842. He graduated from VMI in 1862 and served in the Confederate Army until he was captured and paroled, also in 1862. During the period of his parole, he returned to VMI as a faculty member and tactical officer. Wise was in command of Cadet Company A at the Battle of New Market and took command of the Cadet Battalion after Scott Shipp was wounded. After the War, Wise resumed his career as an educator in the Tidewater area (Virginia) and in Baltimore, Maryland. He died in Norfolk, Virginia on July 11, 1918.","Benjamin Azariah Colonna, the son of John Wilkins Colonna and Margaret Jones, was born in Accomac County, Virginia in October 1843. He graduated from VMI in 1864 and, while at VMI, took part in the Battle of New Market as Cadet Captain of Company D. Following the War, Colonna worked as a surveyor and civil engineer. He maintained a lifelong interest in the battle and was responsible for the accurate mapping of the battlefield. He died in 1924 in Washington, D.C.","Porter Johnson was born on October 19, 1845 in Pruntytown, Taylor County, West Virginia. He was living in Brownsburg, Rockbridge County, Virginia at beginning of the Civil War. He matriculated at VMI on September 1, 1863 and was a Cadet Private at the Battle of New Market on May 15, 1864. He resigned from Corps of Cadets on March 6, 1865 and joined the 8th Confederate Battalion commanded by Colonel Garnett Andrews. Johnson was captured in Salisbury, North Carolina on April 12, 1865 and imprisoned. He was paroled on June 13, 1865. After the War he returned to Rockbridge County where he was a farmer. He died on June 9, 1917."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNew Market collection, 1894-1915. MS 0002. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["New Market collection, 1894-1915. MS 0002. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe New Market collection consists primarily of reminiscences of the Battle of New Market, Virginia (May 15, 1864) written by participants and other witnesses between 1894 and 1915. Written in response to specific inquiries and questionnaires, these memoirs were collected by various groups and individuals, including the VMI Alumni Association, author/historian Edward R. Turner, Henry A. Wise (VMI Class of 1862) and Benjamin A. Colonna (VMI Class of 1864). In addition to VMI cadet participants, information was received from veterans of other Confederate units, from Union soldiers, and from a small number number of eyewitnesses who were citizens of the town of New Market at the time of the battle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of the responses are very detailed, while others contain little information other than the fact of participation. The accounts collected by Colonna reflect his particular interest in troop movements and positions, and in mapping the battlefield.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the memoirs, the collection also includes:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eColonna's map of the battlefield and materials relating to the creation of the map\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFour documents (1864) related to the 34th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, one of the Union Army units at the battle\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrinted material\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThese documents were collected primarily by Henry A. Wise and by officials of VMI. They solicited details about the Battle of New Market and include replies from many New Market cadets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn account of the Battle of New Market written in 1909 by Porter Johnson. As a VMI Cadet, Johnson participated in the battle as a Private, Company B, Corps of Cadets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese recollections of the Battle of New Market were collected primarily by Benjamin A. Colonna as part of his efforts to create an accurate map of the battlefield.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne play by John W. Sherman published as \"New Market,\" or \"The Boy Heroes of '64.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The New Market collection consists primarily of reminiscences of the Battle of New Market, Virginia (May 15, 1864) written by participants and other witnesses between 1894 and 1915. Written in response to specific inquiries and questionnaires, these memoirs were collected by various groups and individuals, including the VMI Alumni Association, author/historian Edward R. Turner, Henry A. Wise (VMI Class of 1862) and Benjamin A. Colonna (VMI Class of 1864). In addition to VMI cadet participants, information was received from veterans of other Confederate units, from Union soldiers, and from a small number number of eyewitnesses who were citizens of the town of New Market at the time of the battle.","Some of the responses are very detailed, while others contain little information other than the fact of participation. The accounts collected by Colonna reflect his particular interest in troop movements and positions, and in mapping the battlefield.","In addition to the memoirs, the collection also includes:\n\nColonna's map of the battlefield and materials relating to the creation of the map\nFour documents (1864) related to the 34th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, one of the Union Army units at the battle\nPrinted material","These documents were collected primarily by Henry A. Wise and by officials of VMI. They solicited details about the Battle of New Market and include replies from many New Market cadets.","An account of the Battle of New Market written in 1909 by Porter Johnson. As a VMI Cadet, Johnson participated in the battle as a Private, Company B, Corps of Cadets.","These recollections of the Battle of New Market were collected primarily by Benjamin A. Colonna as part of his efforts to create an accurate map of the battlefield.","One play by John W. Sherman published as \"New Market,\" or \"The Boy Heroes of '64.\""],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOversized items have been removed and are located in oversized case, manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Oversized items have been removed and are located in oversized case, manuscripts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_2210b2bf0289dafd332824b99eab8572\"\u003eManuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 1\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 1"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Colonna, Benjamin A. (Benjamin Azariah), 1843-1924","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1842-1918","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Johnson, Porter, 1845-1917","Claybrook, Frederick W. (Frederick William), 1844-1914","Faulkner, Charles J. (Charles James), 1847-?","Letcher, Samuel H. (Samuel Houston), 1848-1914","Minge, Collier H. (Collier Harrison), 1845-1915","Pizzini, Andrew, Jr., 1846-1913","Tate, Charles B. (Charles Beverly), 1847-1925","Whitehead, Henry C. (Henry Colgate), 1845-1920","Wise, John S. (John Sergeant), 1846-1913","Woodbridge, Jonathan E. (Jonathan Edwards), 1844-1935","Wise, Louis C., 1844-1911"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Colonna, Benjamin A. (Benjamin Azariah), 1843-1924","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1842-1918","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Johnson, Porter, 1845-1917","Claybrook, Frederick W. (Frederick William), 1844-1914","Faulkner, Charles J. (Charles James), 1847-?","Letcher, Samuel H. (Samuel Houston), 1848-1914","Minge, Collier H. (Collier Harrison), 1845-1915","Pizzini, Andrew, Jr., 1846-1913","Tate, Charles B. (Charles Beverly), 1847-1925","Whitehead, Henry C. (Henry Colgate), 1845-1920","Wise, John S. (John Sergeant), 1846-1913","Woodbridge, Jonathan E. (Jonathan Edwards), 1844-1935","Wise, Louis C., 1844-1911"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":63,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_86_c03_c01"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_596_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Abram Fulkerson, Jr. papers, 1853/1865","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_596_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series includes letters two letters and one letter fragment written while Abram Fulkerson, Jr. was a cadet at VMI and three letters written during his Civil War service.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_596_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_596_c02","ref_ssm":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_596_c02"],"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_596_c02","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_596","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_596","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_596","parent_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_596","parent_ssim":["Fulkerson Family papers, 1835/1925"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_596"],"title_filing_ssi":"Abram Fulkerson, Jr. papers","title_ssm":["Abram Fulkerson, Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["Abram Fulkerson, Jr. papers"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Abram Fulkerson, Jr. papers, 1853/1865"],"text":["Abram Fulkerson, Jr. papers, 1853/1865","Fulkerson Family papers, 1835/1925","Blackburn, Thomas, 1834-1854","Fulkerson, Abram, Jr., 1834-1902","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","English","This series includes letters two letters and one letter fragment written while Abram Fulkerson, Jr. was a cadet at VMI and three letters written during his Civil War service."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Fulkerson Family papers, 1835/1925"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Fulkerson Family papers, 1835/1925"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1853/1865"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1853-1865"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":17,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Fulkerson Family papers, 1835/1925"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"persname_ssim":["Blackburn, Thomas, 1834-1854","Fulkerson, Abram, Jr., 1834-1902","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863"],"names_ssim":["Blackburn, Thomas, 1834-1854","Fulkerson, Abram, Jr., 1834-1902","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863"],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series includes letters two letters and one letter fragment written while Abram Fulkerson, Jr. was a cadet at VMI and three letters written during his Civil War service.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series includes letters two letters and one letter fragment written while Abram Fulkerson, Jr. was a cadet at VMI and three letters written during his Civil War service."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_596","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_596","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_596","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_596","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_596.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00012.xml","title_ssm":["Fulkerson Family papers"],"title_tesim":["Fulkerson Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1835-1925"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1835-1925"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1835/1925"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Fulkerson Family papers, 1835/1925"],"text":["Fulkerson Family papers, 1835/1925","MS.0363","/repositories/3/resources/596","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 37th","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 31st","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 10th","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 23rd","Confederate States of America. Army—Tennessee Infantry Regiment, 63rd","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1857","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1884","Virginia Military Institute—Board of Visitors","Soldiers—Virginia—Correspondence","Shenandoah Valley Campaign, 1862","Port Republic, Battle of, Port Republic, Va., 1862","Kernstown, 1st Battle of, Winchester, Va., 1862","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Prisoners and prisons","Winchester (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Winchester, 1st Battle of, Winchester, Va., 1862 (May 25)","McDowell, Battle of, McDowell, Va., 1862","Correspondence","There are no restrictions.","Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1822-1862) was born in Washington County, Virginia to Colonel Abram Fulkerson, Sr. and Margaret Laughlin Vance on October 21, 1822. As a young man he undertook the study of law, and in late 1846 he obtained his license and opened a practice in southwestern Virginia. He served in the United States Army during the Mexican War (1847-1848), and subsequently returned to  practice of law in Estillville and Abingdon, Virginia. In 1857 he was elected judge of the thirteenth judicial district and held this position until the beginning of the Civil War. He was a member of the VMI Board of Visitors from 1852 to 1854 and from 1857 to 1858. During the Civil War he served as Colonel of the 37th Virginia Infantry Regiment. He was killed in the Battle of Gaines's Mill, Virginia on June 26, 1862.","Abram Fulkerson, Jr. (1834-1902) was born on May 13, 1834 in Washington County, Virginia and was the younger brother of Samuel V. Fulkerson (1822-1862). He graduated from VMI in 1857, and after a brief career as a teacher, went on to study law. During the Civil War he served as Colonel of the 63rd Tennessee Infantry Regiment and was a prisoner of war (one of the \"Immortal 600\"). After the War he continued the practice law and was active in politics, serving in the Virginia legislature and in the United States          Congress. He 1862 he married Selina Johnson, of Clarksville,  Tennessee, and the couple had nine children, including Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1863-1926), VMI Class of 1884. Abram Fulkersonm, Jr. died on December 17, 1902 in Bristol, Virginia.","Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1863-1926) was born on October 22, 1863 in Abingdon, Virginia to Abram Fulkerson, Jr. and Selina Johnson. He graduated from VMI in 1884 and subsequently studied law at the University of Virginia. He was a lawyer (partner in the firm of Fulkerson and Davis in Bristol, Virginia) and served two terms as City Attorney. During the Spanish-American War (1898- 1899) he was a member of the Fourth Tennessee Regiment, United States Volunteers. In 1904 he married Lura Bradley of Sherman, Texas, and the couple had twin sons in April 1906. He died on July 2, 1926 in Virginia Beach, Virginia and is buried at East Hill Cemetery, Bristol.","Winchester\n9 March 1862","My Dear Mother\nNot having written or heard from home for sometime, I will write you a short letter today. You will see from the heading of this that we have not yet gone to Manassas and I cannot tell when we will go. We will not get away, unless Winchester is evacuated, while the present state of things exists here.","Genl. Banks with his army has been maneuvering about twelve miles in our front for several days. On day before yesterday we thought that we were certainly in for a fight. Banks attacked our outer posts, when we packed our baggage and sent it to the rear, and marched the men on the Martinsburg road about two miles from Winchester, where we drew up and waited for the approach of the enemy. But after skirmishing with our pickets an hour or two, he withdrew again. We lost only one man, but not of my Regt.","We have not a large force here, and I do not know what Genl. Jackson will do if the enemy advances upon us. All of the public stores have been sent away, and many of the citizens have left. There are a good many here who sympathize with the Yankees, and will be rejoiced if they get possession of Winchester. This is such a beautiful country that I should regret to see it fall into the hands of the Yankees.","Since we came back from Romney we have had three different encampments. First on the Romney Road, but when the enemy crossed at Harper's Ferry we moved and took position on that road about three miles from Winchester; and on yesterday we moved to this place, which is on the Strasburg road about three and a half miles from Winchester near a village called Kernstown.","It is doubtful about how much I will write as I have been over six hours in getting this much written. In a letter from Col. Gibson he asked what I wished you and Kate to do in case the enemy got into our county. If they should get in, and you are willing to do so, I think that you had better remain at home. Refugees have a hard time, and when people leave their homes everything is destroyed. Mr. Faulkner (Honl. Charles J.) told me that his wife had saved his property by staying at home. But if it should come to the worst, and you prefer it, leave and let the property go. I care little for the property except on yours and Kate's account. For myself I feel that I have no home so long as it is threatened by the enemy, and I would willingly give up all I have, and commence the world anew without a thing, rather than that the enemy should subjugate us.","We are very hardly pressed now, and it depends upon the spirit of our people whether we bear up against it, or give way under it. When I see so many men and especially officers shirking duty and who seem to make it a study as to the best manner in which they can get around duty, I almost despair. Many are all the time seeking personal ease or pursuing schemes of personal advancement, and would appear to be willing to sacrifice their country to attain their object. I suppose though that all wars produce the same class of selfish men, and that we must expect to be cursed with them. I do not intend to be troubled hereafter with the reflection that I did not do my duty in this conflict.","I did have some hope that I could go home for a short time this winter, but do not now expect to do so. If I had the permission I would not go now, while we are so near the enemy. Besides, so many of the officers are absent that it would be highly improper for any more to leave. In the absence of Col. Taliaferro I still have command of the 4th Brigade, which now only consists of two regiments and four pieces of artillery.","I learn that we have had very high waters in our country and that much damage has been done. I was sorry to hear that Uncle James had lost his dam. I take it that he will not get his mills to running again for some time. If any of the fence about the creek washed away, get Mr. Hughes or some one to help Lee put it up. Today (Sunday) has been a very spring-like one. Citizens say that this has been a very wet winter here and not as much cold as usual, but still the ground has not been clear of snow since the first of Jany. Scarcely any ploughing has been done here yet, and little else in the farming line. See if you can't get meal and flour from Mrs. Hopkins' mill; If not try at some other place. Henry Roberts might furnish you with meal.","I suffered for two or three weeks with a severe cold, but kept up and am now nearly well again. Jas. Vance is well. He spent this Sunday in building a chimney to his tent. He has said several times that he would not fix up any more. He has built a good many chimneys, but had soon to leave them.","Give my love to Kate and Selina. Tell Selina that she ought to write to me. You and Kate must write soon, and tell me where Ike and Abe are. Tell Amelia Vance that I will write to her when I can. I have nothing to write about but army movements, but they will have as much interest to you as anything else.","Your son,\nSaml. V. Fulkerson","Camp Near New Market\n3 Apl. 1862","Dear Kate\nA few days ago I wrote you giving some account of our fight near Winchester. Since that time we have been marching up and down the valley, one day falling back before the enemy and the next advancing towards him, skirmishing with him almost daily. He is now in strong force about ten miles off. Genl. Jackson has taken a position here, but whether he will fight at this place or not I am unable to say. If he has sufficient force he would not wait to be attacked.","I have been unable to hear from Jas. Vance, though I have [missing word or words] letter to Judge Parker of Winchester about him. I cannot think that he was mortally wounded, from what the men say who put him in the ambulance. I feel very much for Uncle James and family in their repeated bereavements. I miss Jimmy greatly, and would be greatly pleased to hear that his wound is not dangerous. I have seen a list of the prisoners who were taken to Baltimore but Jimmie's name is not among them. However, I am not surprised at this, as the wounded would not for awhile be removed from Winchester. I may yet get some information from Winchester about him.","Capt. Cowan (of Russell) died of his wounds. He was a brave man and good officer. James King was as good a soldier as ever entered the line. He went off with Capt. Jones Co., was transferred to Col. Cummings Regt. and then transferred to mine. After the fight was half over, he remarked that \"he was proud of being in the 37th.\" The poor fellow was shot through the head and did not speak afterwards. Leroy Sherman among others was taken prisoner and is in Baltimore.","The [people along the valley] claim our fight as a victory, but it is not so. We attacked a greatly superior forces and were repulsed with heavy loss. If night had not set in we would all have been captured or killed. The enemy's loss was very heavy, for our men fought with desperate courage. our loss is 469 killed and wounded. The killed wounded and missing amount to 689. This is an uncommonly heavy loss when we did not have over 3000 men in the fight. A loss of 10 per ct. is regarded as great, but ours was but little less than on fourth. My Regt. sustained the greatest loss, the killed and wounded alone being a little less than one fourth, and including the missing is a little less than one third. The northern papers speak of the terrible slaughter on their side in front of the stone fence behind which I had my Brigade. I learn that at this point the 5th Ohio Regt. was nearly [ruined]--they were a part of the rascals who aided in chasing us from Laurel Hill.","The conduct of the late North western army (Loring's) [missing words] the fight, is spoken of by the Genl. in high terms of praise. There is a difficulty with Genl. Garnett who commanded the Stonewall Brigade, but I can't speak of particulars. Genl. Winder is now in command of that Brigade.","Our men are in fine spirits and I think will fight as well now as they did at Winchester, although they feel sad, when they think of the fall of their comrades. Our flagstaff was shot down, but the flag bearer instantly raised it again and kept it floating throughout the fight. The days work hurt my horse worse than anything which he has gone through. He was under the saddle from daylight till 11 at night and was greatly excited. The reports of the guns did not scare him, but the whistling of the balls and particularly the minnie ball excited him to the highest pitch. He has not yet recovered. You will see many exaggerated accounts of the fight in the papers. If we can't get a better and more substantial reputation than a mere newspaper one, I don't want [missing words].\nI told Judge Parker [missing words] stay with you at nights during court. He is a refugee and I want to do all for him that I can. Tell Selina that here she can't write to Abe, she can write to me. Try and get the fence put up in some way. Send the enclosed to Mr. Belkin for Judge Camden. Write soon. Love to Mother \u0026 S.\nYour brother, Saml. V. Fulkerson.","Head Qrs. 37 Regt. VA. Vols. Mason's Cabins, Augusta Co., Va.  \n16 May 1862","Sir-\nIn making my official report of the part borne by my Regt in the battle near McDowell on the 8th inst., I have to say; that when I was ordered to the field, being about one mile distant, I had to pass on a portion of the way, up a very rocky \u0026 brushy hollow, which embarrassed the advance of my men greatly, and it being nothing but a defile, and the men having to advance in a single file, the Regt. necessarily stretched out over a long line. They were also much annoyed on the march after entering the field, by the shell from one of the enemies guns.","When I reached the line of battle at the head of my Regt. (marching by flank) Brig. Genl. Taliaferro informed me that the enemy were endeavoring to turn our right flank by passing over a brushy and thickly wooded ridge, and that the 31st Va Vols were there to prevent the flank movement \u0026 he ordered me to support the 31st. I at once filed into the woods, but not knowing the position of either the 31st or of the enemy, for they were not at that time firing, I got in between the two, but nearer the enemy. On halting to put my men in line, I found that I had with me only my two front companies, Co. A Capt. Terry \u0026 Co. F. Capt. Graham. In pushing forward up the ravine two companies got ahead of the others, and when the remainder got to the line of battle, I with the two first were in the woods. As soon as I formed the two companies I ordered them to give a shout which they did with a hearty good will, and we charged down the hill directly at the enemy, and when we got within forty or fifty yards of him he broke and fled, when we instantly opened fire upon them as they ran. He did not stop running till he got entirely out of the woods around the hill.","When the remainder of the Regt. reached the line of battle in the field they joined in the fight there, but after awhile Maj. Williams brought a portion of it to me in the woods, not knowing that I might be hard pressed there. But before he reached me the woods were clear of the enemy, and I marched all back to the main fight in the field.","When I got on our line it was nearly dark and we could only see the outline of the enemy on the hill side below us, \u0026 that soon disappeared, when we could only direct our fire by the flash of the enemy's guns. The fight was kept up till 9 at night when the enemy withdrew, leaving us in full possession of the field. During the fight some of my men were out of ammunition, but I had them to supply themselves from the boxes of the dead and wounded.","I have to report the loss of some good officers and brave men. Capt. Terry, a gallant man and model officer, was severely wounded in the leg. Lieuts. Wilhelm, May, Dye, and Fletcher were badly wounded, and the two latter have since died. These Lieuts were young officers, but they nobly did their duty. All of my officers and men who went upon the field acted in the most gallant manner, and it would be unjust to discriminate by name, except in the case of the wounded.* The loss of my Regt. is thirty nine killed and wounded and one missing, a list of whom I herewith enclose.","I feel indebted to Surgeon Hinkle and Asst. Surgeon Butler for their prompt and untiring attention to the wounded. My Acting Adjt. C.T. Duncan also deserves special mention for the manner in which he discharged his duties upon the field.","I cannot close this report without saying that my chaplain the Revd. A.B. Carrington deserves the highest praise for his conduct during and since the fight. He was struck by a spent ball, and although it made him very sick for awhile, he was and continued to be unremitting in his attention to the wounded.","Respectfully\nSaml. V. Fulkerson Col. 37 Va. Vols\nCapt Wm. B. Pendleton  AAAGenl. 3d Brigade. V.D.","*I am especially indebted to Maj. T.V. Williams for gallantry and good conduct throughout the fight. He was of great benefit in placing the men in their proper positions.","Camp at Mason's Cabins. Augusta Co.  16 May 1862","Dear Kate\nIt has been a good while since I wrote and the reason is that I have not had an opportunity of writing, and I feel little like it now. We have been constantly marching, fighting and watching for more than a month, and the consequence is that we are all nearly broken down, with fatigue, loss of sleep and irregularity in eating. But his being the day set apart by the President for humiliation and prayer, Genl. Jackson has ordered his army to observe it, and to abstain from all military duty, and that divine service be had in all of the Regts. But as it is now and has been raining for two days, there will be little chance for preaching out of doors.","I believe that I wrote you from Meecham's River Depot in Albemarle Co. A portion of the Regt. took the cars there for Staunton and the remainder marched on to the side of the Blue Ridge where they went on to the cars and got to Staunton about day, not having eaten anything or slept any since the night before. We stayed at Staunton that {night} and left the next day in this direction. We joined Genl. Johnson's (Alleghany) forces about six miles from Staunton. The enemy had one Regt at the east foot of the Shenandoah mountains near this place. This we came near surprising and taking with four pieces of their cannon. But they escaped, leaving all of their baggage and camp equipage and commissary stores in our hands. They fled cross the mountain to the western foot where they had two other Regts, which became alarmed \u0026 fled leaving everything, and all fell back to McDowell where their main body (Genl. Milroy in command) was stationed.","We then went into camp and on the morning of the 8th we moved towards McDowell. This is a village in Highland county about thirty miles from Staunton and ten from Monterey. Genl Johnson with his brigade was sent forward as the advance and our Brigade (10th, 23rd, and 37th Va. Vols) followed. When within about a mile of McDowell light skirmishing began, which was kept up till evening, we in the mean time having been halted about a mile in the rear. In the evening our advance Brigade and the enemy became engaged in a general fight and we were ordered forward at a double quick. A portion of the way over which we had to go was up a very rocky and brushy hollow, and when we reached our line of battle we were nearly out of breath. All along the way we were exposed to the enemy's file by their shooting at our advance and the balls striking among and around us. The whistling of the bullets excited my horse so much that he became unmanageable and I had to send him to the rear before I got upon the field. When I got on the field I asked the Genl. where my Regt. should be placed, when he said that the enemy were trying to turn our right flank over a brushy and thickly wooded ridge, and that the 31st Va. was there for the purpose of holding them back and that I must support the 31st. I at once double quicked into the woods. When I got there I found that I had but two companies (Capt. Terry's \u0026 Capt. Graham's) in consequence of my having hurried the front up the hollow so fast that they left the remainder behind and out of sight. One of the enemy's cannon was also brought to bear upon the Regt. which also embarrassed the rear. I did not know the position either of the 31st or the enemy in the woods, as they were not firing. The consequence was that I entered the woods between the two, but nearer the enemy.","I at once formed my two companies, gave them the order to raise a shout, which they did very lustily, and we charged down the hill right at the foe. They stood till we got within forty or fifty yards of them when they broke and fled and we opened fire upon them as they ran. We ran them entirely out of the woods. Our movement was so sudden and unexpected that the enemy seemed to be surprised and much frightened. It seemed like a bold move, but I think it was the best for my men, as I only lost two men wounded (one of them mortally) at this point. The remainder of the Regt. not knowing where I was went into the main fight when they came upon the field, but after a while a portion of them we ordered to join me in the woods which they did, but there being no enemy in the woods at this time I took them all back and entered the fight in the field.","It was nearly dark and we could only see the outlines of the enemy, which was soon lost \u0026 we had to fire by the flash of their guns. The fight lasted till 9 oclk at night, when the enemy withdrew leaving us in possession of the field. The ground selected by the foe was well chosen and particularly advantageous in a night fight. The enemy had been reinforced the day before by Genl Schenck with three or four thousand men, and they fought obstinately. At one time they approached through the bushes to within 20 yards of two of my companies, but were driven back, leaving their flag bearer and flag upon the field. This was an Ohio Rgt. (32nd). I had the wounded flag bearer taken up \u0026 sent back with my wounded, but I believe he died next day. The flag was so torn to pieces that my men took some of it and some other men some. Col. Campbell's Regt. got into the fight about dark and the remainder of his Brigade did not get in at all I believe. The Stonewall Brigade, being several miles off, did not get on the field till after the fight was over.","I lost forty men in killed and wounded. Some of the wounded have since died, and others are dangerous. Three have had their legs amputated. We stayed upon the field nearly all night gathering up and sending off the killed and wounded. The 12th Geo. Regt. suffered most terribly. They were in the advance and ordered to hold a very exposed position. They lost about 180 men killed and wounded. After their ammunition gave out, they lay down and held the place at the point of the bayonet. Many of my men got out of ammunition, but I had them to supply themselves from the boxes of the dead and wounded, and in that way kept them shooting. We had no cannon in the fight. After the dead were collected on the field and laid in rows of then or fifteen, the dim moonlight gave to their countenances an unusual unearthly appearance. Our loss in officers is heavy, and I think that our whole loss is not less than 400. Genl. Johnson was wounded. Col. Gibbons of the 10th was killed. He was one of the best men I ever saw. Maj. Campbell (James C.) was wounded before he got on the field, but I think not dangerously.","I cannot tell what the enemy's loss was. They left some on the field, some in McDowell and scattered along at other places. Immediately after the fight the enemy burned all their baggage and stores at McDowell and retreated. At daylight they had all gone, and we started in pursuit. We followed three days march and came up with their rear at Franklin in Pendleton Co. We skirmished with them over a day, when we were ordered back, I do not know for what cause. It was reported that Genl. Fremont had brought on reinforcements and that a portion of Rosencranz force had joined Milroy. But I do not know that these reasons influenced Genl. Jackson. I do not know where we are going to, but think that we will not go to Staunton.","I received your letter enclosing copies of Abe's \u0026 Arthur's. I am very anxious to hear what Abe's fate has been. Write about him and Ike. Mr. Carrington is going to preach, and I do not feel like writing more. He was struck by a spent ball in the fight, but it only made him sick for awhile. Write soon and direct to Staunton. My love to Mother and Selina. I have heard nothing from J. Vance since I last wrote.\nYour brother Saml. V. Fulkerson","Head Quarters 3 Brigade, Valley District  \nCamp near Winchester, VA\n28 May 1862","Sir-\nIn making my report of the part acted by the 3rd Brigade in the battle near Winchester on the 25th inst., I have to say that on the morning of the 24th the Brigade left its bivouac four miles south of Front Royal at daylight and marched to Middletown, and thence down the main valley Pike in the direction of Winchester. Owing to delay occasioned by the enemy's skirmishers embarrassing the advance of the head of the column, daylight cam upon us near Kernstown, after which we quickly advanced to the mills south of Winchester, at which time a vigorous fire was going on between our own and the enemy's batteries.","I was ordered to file my Brigade to the left of the Pike and take position under shelter of a hill for the purpose of supporting one of our batteries. I was also ordered to report to Genl. Winder who was already upon the ground. I placed the 23rd \u0026 37th Va. Vols in the position indicated, when Genl Winder ordered me to occupy a wooded hill in an adjoining field, with one Regt, which position he informed me, the enemy were on the move to occupy. I at once ordered Col. Warren with the 10th Va Vols to take position on the hill which he quickly did. In a short time Genl. Winder ordered me to place another Regt. on the hill with the 10th, when I ordered Maj. Williams to march the 37th there which he did with dispatch.","During all of the time of these movements, and in fact from the time when the Brigade first entered the field, it was exposed to a severe fire from the enemy's batteries and long range small arms. After these movements had been executed Col. Taliaferro was ordered to move the 23rd forward and charge a battery of the enemy in his front. He pushed forward with his Regt. in gallant style. But in the meantime Genl. Taylor's Louisiana Brigade had come upon the field, formed and moved in the direction of the enemy, coming up upon the left of Col. Taliaferro.  The 37th \u0026 10th followed immediately after Genl. Taylor's Brigade. On rushing the top of the ridge on which the enemy's batteries had been placed, a sharp musketry fire ensued, but soon a general charge was made by our whole line when the enemy gave way and fled precipitately through Winchester in the wildest confusion. We followed in immediate pursuit on the Martinsburg road, for four miles from Winchester, where we were halted. A list of the casualties is herewith furnished, from which it will be seen that the loss of the Brigade is, comparatively, very light.","Col. Taliaferro commanding the 23rd, Col Warren commanding the 10th and Maj. Williams commanding the 37th acted in the most gallant \u0026 efficient manner. I refer to the reports of Col. Taliaferro, Col. Warren, \u0026 Maj. Williams for the conduct of the officers \u0026 men of their respective Regts. I with pride bear testimony to the gallant conduct of the whole Brigade both officers and men.","I am indebted to Capt. Wm. B. Pendleton A.A.A. Genl. for his gallant conduct and prompt and cheerful manner with which he executed my orders. Capt Wooding's battery was not placed in position during the day. Respectfully\nSaml V. Fulkerson\nCol. Comd. Brigd.","Port Republic, Rockingham Co. \n8 [June] 1862","Dear Kate\nThe place at which this letter is written is a pretty village near the foot of the Blue Ridge and about twelve miles from Harrisonburg, at the junction of the North and South Rivers, which form the Shenandoah.","I wrote you last from Winchester shortly after our arrival there, giving you an account of our march and proceedings up to that time. Since then we have undergone and almost incredible amount of hardship. We stayed at Winchester two days after taking the place and then proceeded to Charles Town and Harper's Ferry. We found a few of the enemy at Charles Town, but soon drove them down to the Ferry, where they made a stand having been largely re-enforced from Washington \u0026 elsewhere. The enemy were in position on Bolivar Heights on the Va. side and on the heights on the Maryland side of the river. Both of these positions had been fortified by Genl. Johnston last summer.","A portion of our forces crossed the Shenandoah river and took possession of Louden Heights. This was in the evening, a brisk cannonading going on, which was renewed the next morning, and continued till the enemy was driven from the Bolivar across the Potomac. About this time Genl. Jackson received information that Genl. Shields was crossing the Blue Ridge and Genl. Fremont was coming from Moorfield to form a junction at Strasburg and thus cut us off. This placed us in the hardest place that we have ever yet been. Genl. Jackson immediately ordered us to march back. We had about fifty miles to make to pass Strasburg, and our men were already terribly broken down by continued and hard marching. We marched to our camps near Winchester that night and next morning at day light started to Strasburg, which we reached before night. We had now marched about 70 miles in less than three days, in going to and returning from Harpers Ferry.","Gen. Shields was now at [Front] Port Royal, some 8 or 9 miles from Strasburg, and Genl. Fremont was 7 miles from Strasburg on the Moorefield road. So you see that we had only a gap of about 15 miles wide to get out at. During Saturday night I received an order from Genl. Jackson (I was still in command of our Brigade) to proceed next morning (Sunday) at daylight, some two or three miles on the Moorefield road, take position and resist the advance of the enemy. Before I could get a position, our scouts informed me that the enemy was advancing, when I hurried forward to a suitable position, and made disposition of my own and two other Brigades which were for the time under my command.","I sent forward a company of cavalry, which soon returned at the top of their speed with the enemy's cavalry close after them. We drove these back, but in a very short time the enemy's infantry came down the road and through the woods at double quick, and when they got within range halted and opened a brisk fire upon us, which was kept up for some time when they were driven back again. By this time Gen. Ewell came upon the field and assumed command of the whole. After the enemy's infantry were driven back, they placed two pieces of cannon in position and the two forces kept up a very pretty and brisk artillery duel for an hour or more, when the enemy withdrew from the field. After this Genl Jackson came out and said that he did not want to bring on a general engagement then, and ordered us to fall back towards Strasburg. I do not think that we had more than 10 or 15 men killed and wounded. My Regt. had none hurt.","[At this point, according to the sentence below, the date is now June 10th]\nA little after dark we left Strasburg for Woodstock to which place the waggon had been sent, and we had a terrible march. (This writing above was suddenly stopped about 8 oclk on Sunday morning last by the enemies cannon, and I will now try to finish on this the 10th). We got to Woodstock about daylight, all broken completely down and seemingly half dead. We were dogged all night by the enemy's cavalry, and I know that they picked up many of our broken down stragglers. I have between thirty and forty men missing, most I fear were taken. It is not to be wondered at. Many of the poor fellows actually walked much of that weary night, fast asleep, so worn out and exhausted were they with their terrible duty. I do not think that our Genl. exercised due diligence in getting his captured stores to a secure place. There was a vast amount of them, the greater portion of which he saved. But Genl. Shields made his appearance so suddenly at Front Royal that a portion of the stores captured there were retaken together with some of our wagons.","We marched from Woodstock to near Harrisonburg, and the next day to near Port Republic, which place we reached on Saturday evening. I thought the next day, being Sunday, that we would rest, and I began to write this letter, when I was stopped by the roar of cannon down at the town. The town is located in the fork of the two rivers, the north and larger branch being bridged, the other not. The enemy's cavalry had dashed into town, with two pieces of artillery, one of which they planted at the end of the bridge, and with a third they began a fire from the opposite side of the river. Genl Jackson was in town and was taken completely by surprise and came near being captured.","We were camped about three quarters of a mile from town on the north side of the river. The enemy (Genl Shields force) had come up the river on the south side from Elk Run. In a very short time we were ordered to double quick to the bridge. My Regt. was just in the act of forming for inspection, and we got the start of the others. We passed through a wheat field with the enemy's gun from the other side of the river playing upon us. When we got to the top of the hill near the bridge the gun at the other end opened with grape upon us. My men returned the fire, when Genl. Jackson ordered me to charge through the bridge and take the gun. I led off and my men followed. We rushed through the bridge, captured the gun, and pursued the enemy through the town and until he crossed the south branch. I could have captured the other cannon in town, but I did not know of but one ford. We rushed to that, but found the enemy crossing higher up. We opened fire on them, killing some horses and two or three men and taking six or eight prisoners.","Charging in at one end of a bridge with a cannon yawning in at the other is no very pleasant past time. But my men went in so well, that it elicited the praise of the Genl. and all who witnessed it. When we got to the cannon, the smoke of the last fire was still issuing from its mouth. We charged them so quickly and so vigorously that my loss was little. Yancey Smith (brother of the Capt) of Russell was killed, and Sergt. E. Johnson and Walter James of Capt. Terry's company each had a thigh badly broken. I fear that Johnson is mortally wounded. We had put some of our artillery in position, which soon silenced the enemy's guns on the opposite side of the river, and drove them back, and they did not again advance on that day.","While this was going on, Genl. Fremont made an attack on our forces next to Harrisonburg. Our Brigade was ordered to hold the bridge and town against Genl. Shields, which we did, but could hear the fight on the other side, which lasted till nearly night with heavy loss on both sides. Our loss in officers was considerable. Genls Elzey \u0026 Stewart were wounded, though I think not dangerously. Our men drove the enemy back about a mile and held possession of the field during the night, having captured more than 100 prisoners.","On our march the day before from Harrisonburg, Fremont pressed our rear very hardly, and our protection subjected us to the heaviest and saddest loss that we have sustained in the valley. Ashby (but a short time a Brigadier) was killed. He had just made a brilliant charge on the enemy, capturing a Col, Maj., and a number of prisoners. Afterwards and about dark he was leading on foot (his horse having been killed), on Infantry Regt. when he was shot through the heart, and the saddest part of it is, that it is generally believed that he was shot by our own men. He was the most gallant man I ever saw, and withal a good man. When Ashby was between us and the enemy we felt perfectly secure against any surprise, and he was always on the enemy's heels. They had great fear of him. He kept them in constant dread. His place cannot be filled, and his death cast a gloom over the whole army. He had performed more feats of daring and had done more hard and perilous service than any man in the army.","As I have placed Sundays proceedings before Saturday, I will now pass over to Monday. During Sunday our train had been sent on the road towards Waynesboro in Augusta Co. But on Sunday night Genl. Jackson threw a foot bridge across the north branch, ordered his train to turn back and take the road through Brown's Gap into Albemarle, and by a little after sun rise he had the greater portion of his army across the foot bridge and marching against Genl. Shields force, which camped the night before in sight of us about three miles off. Our Brigade and Genl. Trimble's were ordered to hold the large bridge and to resist the advance of Fremont. Our force and Shield's soon became hotly engaged, and the fight became a very hard one. Our men were being severely pressed and suffering a great loss, when Genl Jackson galloped back and ordered me to move forward my Regt at double quick, which I did. He also had the other two Regt of the Brigade ordered forward.","When I got upon the field, and was putting my men in position for action, the enemy gave way and we rushed forward, passing his battery which he abandoned, having first killed all the horses. In coming up we received a sharp fire. The enemy rallied and partially formed, but we kept on and they gave way again, and commenced a general run, and scatterment. My Regt happened to get in advance, and hounds never pursued a fox with more eagerness than they pursued the flying yankees. Some kept the road and some took the bushes, all intent on capturing a yankee. We captured about 400 prisoners most of whom were taken by my men, among them a number of officers from Col down. We also captured two Regimental flags, all of the enemies artillery (seven or eight guns), all of his ambulances \u0026 c., and a number of small arms.","The Infantry followed about six miles, and the cavalry having come up followed about six further. My men performed many individual acts of bravery one of which I notice, and you may send it to the Abingdon paper for publication. The rout was complete and entire. The prisoners say that Genl. Shields was not present, but that Genl Tyler was in command. We captured a number of our old acquaintances, the 5th Ohio, and our boys were glad to meet with them. After our Brigade crossed the north branch, Genl. Trimble crossed the large bridge and then set fire to it \u0026 burned it down. In a short time Genl. Fremont appeared at the burnt bridge, but could do nothing but listen to the fight and pursuit. On our return from the pursuit we quietly passed within plain view of Genl Fremont's camp, and marched to this place on the Blue Ridge, where we are staying today.","Our camp extends back to within four or five miles of Port Republic. Men were worse mangled in this fight than any that I have been in. Heads \u0026 limbs off and bodies torn open were frequent sights for several miles.","On Sunday night Capt. Jno. Preston \u0026 Lieut. Jno Humes with fifty men were sent out on picket and were left out when we went into the fight on Monday. After Fremont made his appearance I sent back my Regt to bring in the picket, but he thought that he could not get to them, and come back about midnight last night. I have heard nothing from them since, but think and hope that they have gone to Staunton or Waynesboro, about 18 miles off. I am not in the habit of gathering spoils on the field, but one of me brought me a Col's horse, saddle, bridle \u0026 c. Another gave me a very pretty sword. The horse belonged to Col. Lewis of Pa. He has been a fine horse, but is getting old and is not a good riding horse. I also got the Col's Regimental flag.","You will see from this narrative that we have had a very active and exciting time. We have fought on three Sundays in succession, which will do pretty well for a religious Genl. I got Selina's letter the other day \u0026 will write her when I can. Write soon to Staunton. Don't know when we will go next. Love to Mother \u0026 Selina.\nYour brother\nS.V. Fulkerson","Mr. F.M. Fulkerson","Sir-\nIn reply to your letter of the 7th ult. permit me to say that Col. S.V. Fulkerson was an officer of distinguished worth. I deeply felt his death. He rendered valuable service to his country, and had he lived, would probably have been recommended by me before this time for a brigadier generalcy. So far as my knowledge extends, he enjoyed the confidence of his regiment and all who knew him.","I am Sir your obdt. servt \nT.J. Jackson","V.M. Institute June 4th 1853","Dear Sister,\nI recd your letter the 28th of May. I was very glad to hear that were so well pleased with your school. I suppose that you will come home before you teach another session if you do so at all, Father wrote to me the other day for the first time, they are all well at home Father has sold his mare and bought a buggy, I suppose that he will quit riding horse back and splurge in his buggy for a while, your old Mister Brown was kicked by a horse the other day and broke his leg, his family had bad luck lately.","We will have a great ball on the if nothing happens they are prepareing tolerably rapidly now, the tickets came yesterday. I sent you one of them, I know you will be certain to come or else I would not send it to you","The examination will commence the 20th of June, Sam is on the Board again they meet about the 15th, I have some faint hopes of passing, but it is verry doubtful  I tell you, you must write to me oftener","Your affectionate Brother\nAbram Fulkerson","Virginia Military Institute\nApr 14 1854","Dear Mother\nI recd your letter a few days ago or weeks I am not certain which but however I have not had time to answer it until to day.","I have nothing very new or of much importance to write to you. Circuit court is going on at present in Lexington They are trying Christian the man that killed Cadet Blackburn  there has been a great deal of excitement with the people since it commenced  there is a great many of C. friends attending the trial. I suppose from all accounts that he will be hung","There was another murder committed in town a few weeks ago almost as bad as B's, a man by the name of Winn killed the proprietor of the Washington Hotel, his name was Moore they had a falling out the day he was killed some five or six hours before the fight occurred.  Winn went to his (Moore's) house that night about ten o'clock and called him out into the street + stabbed him through the heart with a knife the knife cut his heart very near into two pieces. He died in a few minutes afterwards. There is two other men in jail for shooting men besides all of this there was a negro hung in Lexington a few weeks ago for the same offence, but it did not appear to have much affect. It seems like Lexington is going to turn out to be one of the most corrupt and immoral places in the State of Virginia.","Virginia wrote to me a few days ago. Sister Alice and the children are all well.  Virginia say she likes her new home very well considering the short time that she has been there.  She did not say whether she was going to school any more at Rogersville or not.","I wrote to Sam sometime ago to know whether I had better go home this summer or put it off until next. He says he thinks I had better stay another year before I go home and indeed I thought so myself  was the reason I wrote to him about it. Therefore I will not have the opportunity of coming home til next July year. I would be very glad if I could come next year but taking every thing into consideration I think it will be best to stay here another year.","I heard from Catherine lately. She is getting along about as common I believe I understand that Frank is going to marry before long. But I do not know whether it is true or not. Dr. Walker's son was here the other day on his way home from Philadelphia. He has been taking medical lessons there, I had a long talk with him.  e stayed in town one day and night. I must bring my letter to a close as I have nothing more to write, tell Balf and Jim to write to me.","Your affectionate Son,\nA. Fulkerson","Cumberland Gap\nMay 18, 1863\n \nMy dear wife-\nYour last kind letter was recd by friday's mail. Your dear letters are my greatest pleasure and do away in a great measure with the horror of separation. The frequency with which we can communicate with each other is a rich blessing and brings us as if we're almost together.","One of our pickets came in the other day and reported that a Mr. Davis was at the lines and desired to enter. This report took me very much by surprise, for although you had mentioned the probability of his coming yet I did not look for him. He only stayed a few hours. After dinner (a very poor one without apology to him) I went [around] to show him some of the curiosities of Cumberland Gap, which he seemed to think would compensate any one for making the visit. He went back up the valley and expected to get home by Wednesday next. Will see you Sunday, if not sooner.","The intelligence of the death of Gen. Jackson came upon us like a shock. We feel that his death is a national calamity. The poorest soldiers among us appreciated his worth - loved the man, and mourn his loss. I knew him well.1  He was my preceptor for more than four years and whilst during that time I did not appreciate the man, as school [schoolboys?]are not like to do, yet I always had great reverence for the man on account of his piety \u0026 uprightness of character. Among the many heroes of this revolution, none have lived so much adored, none have died so much deplored, and none have left a character as spotless as that of Stonewall Jackson. Could his life have been spared till the close of this cruel war, the unanimous voice of a grateful people would have proclaimed him chief ruler of the nation. But God has seen proper to take him from us, and what He does is right and for the best. It is [illegible] therefore that we make the sacrifice cheerfully, th'o we cannot see why our country should be deprived of his services at his her hour of greatest need.","I have no news of importance more than you will see in the papers. The news from Ky is vague and unreliable. It is reported and believed that there are three or four Regmts at Barboursville, 30 miles distant. That Burnsides is preparing to invade E. Tenn. on a large scale there seems no longer to be any doubt. A southern woman the wife of a Lincolnite told Mrs. Patterson today that a runner had just come across the mountain to tell the Union people, they must stay at home, that the Feds would be in, in about three weeks, that where they were found absent it would be an evidence of disloyalty. I will not be surprised if they make an effort about that time.","Mr. Patterson started to the R.R. today - is going to the salt works. I asked him to stop and see you all, but he would not promise. No prospect of any goods yet. Do you want any money? When you need money or any thing else you must not fail to let me know. My love to mother \u0026 Kate. Write often,\nYour affectionate husband\nAF","Field Officers Barracks, Ft. Delaware May 7 1865","My dear wife","I have not heard directly from you since the 4th of Feb. Your letter was directed to Ft. Pulaski. I received on my way here at Hilton Head S.C. Since that time we have passed through the most eventful period of the war. The closing scenes are being enacted, and with hearts overwhelmed with grief \u0026 sadness we bow in deep humiliation in their contemplation. The present, thank God, is only the \"beginning of the end.\" The military power of the South is broken, the spirit is not. The ball has been put in motion by the people of the South, an impetus has been given it, which will eventually result in the destruction of the U.S. Government and if not in the independence of the South, certainly in the disenthrallment of her people. Ten years will see us under the protecting wing of a foreign power, or independent.","I expect to meet you soon, not crowned with the laurels of victory but with the oath crammed down my throat, a quiescent citizen of the United States. I have the sweet consolation of being conscious of having served the cause faithfully. I sacrificed everything but life, and hazarded that, many times \u0026 in many ways, in behalf of my country. I have not the slightest fear that any man can ever point at me the finger of scorn and say \"you done it.\" I have performed my duty and now abandon the cause as (at present) hopeless, without in the least having changed my opinion as to the justness of that cause. I go now to share with the people of the south the deep humiliation which will be dictated by yankee vindictiveness.","I have heard from you thr'o your father up to March 1st. Receive letters from him often. Says he will send you money \u0026 c thr'o Mr. Armstrong. Hope you may have no difficulty in getting along. I cannot tell when I will be released, but probably soon. My love to Kate. Tell the boy, I'll be home soon. Your affect. husband. A. Fulkerson P.W.","Officers Barracks \nFt. Delaware \nMay 13, 1865","My dear wife-\nYour esteemed letter of the 17th April, via Knoxville reached me a few days since. I cannot express my gratification at learning that you were all well, and living. The terrible events which have transpired in the Confederacy within the past two months, and my great anxiety about you, taken together, had rendered me very unhappy, indeed wretched.","The last letter but one from you was dated 4th Feb and recd at Hilton Head S.C. the day after our departure from Ft. Pulaski. I have written you several times since my arrival here, via Richmond. About a week ago I sent you a letter to the care of Mr. Armstrong, but as I was in a very unhappy humor about them \"Cause\" it is probable that much that I said was too harsh and \"contraband\" and caused the\"confiscation\" of the letter.","We left Ft. Pulaski on the 4th March, ordered by Genrl. Grant to be exchanged. When we reached Old Point active operations had commenced on the James, were sent here. The result of the campaign was disastrous to our aims. It has ended our hopes for exchange, if not for liberty itself. I cannot talk about our misfortunes in a letter, but must wait till I see you. It seems at present, that the only means of getting out of prison, is by taking the oath. It is probable therefore I will return to you soon, not crowned with victorious laurels, but as a loyal subject (overpowered) of the U.S. I do not know whether you would recognize me as a citizen or not, perhaps you may, if necessity forces it upon me.","I hear from your father often. He wrote me he was making arrangements to send you money \u0026 clothing th'ro Mr. Armstrong. I hope it will not be inconvenient for Kate to keep you with her til I am released. My health is now very good. Your affectionate husband. A. Fulkerson. \nLove to Mrs. H and the boy (as you may not receive this for months, I will say our boy)","This collection consists of related to three members of the Fulkerson family: Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1822-1862), his brother Abram Fulkerson, Jr.          (1834-1902), and Abram's son, Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1863-1926). Significant items include:\n\nCivil War correspondence (dated March-May 1862) written by Samuel V. Fulkerson (1822-1862)\nSamuel V. Fulkerson's (1822-1862) reports of the Battle of McDowell and the Battle of Winchester (dated May and June 1862)\nWartime correspondence (dated 1863 and 1865) written by Abram Fulkerson, Jr. Two letters were written while he was a prisoner of war.\nA letter of appreciation (dated September 1862) written by General Stonewall Jackson following Samuel V. Fulkerson's (1822-1862) death in battle\n\nIn addition to the battles mentioned above, topics include:\n\nBattles of Port Republic and Kernstown\nDeath of Turner Ashby\nRefugee and civilian life\nCamp life\nReferences to Stonewall Jackson, including Samuel V. Fulkerson's (1822-1862 assessment of his character and Abram Fulkerson, Jr.'s reflections following the Jackson's death\n\nAlso included are biographical and genealogical material, business and financial papers of Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1863-1926), and family correspondence.","Written from Estillville, Scott County, Virginia. Topics include family news and talks of Abram Fulkerson, Jr.'s first days at VMI and encourages him to study, stating \"you now have a chance of getting a better education and of\ndoing more for yourself than any of your brothers have ever had an opportunity of getting or doing for themselves, and if you do not turn you chance to good advantage it will be your own fault.\"","Written from Jonesville, Lee County, Virginia. Topics include Abram Fulkerson, Jr.'s progress at VMI and family news.","Written from Jonesville, Lee County, Virginia. Letter regards VMI examinations and grades. Samuel V. Fulkerson warns Abram Fulkerson, Jr. about the excessive number of demerits and cautions about leaving school, stating \"I do not like to hear you expressing a desire to resign. You know that a great part of your expense is paid by the state, and that you have undertaken to teach two years in the state as a sort of recompense. You will not forget this obligation.\"","Written from Jonesville, Lee County, Virginia. Letter regards VMI finances and Abram Fulkerson, Jr.'s \"unkind conduct.\"","Letter regards a recent trip and family news.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards Civil War news and concerns for family.","Written from camp near New Market, Virginia. Letter regards the Battle of Kernstown, Virginia.","Report after the Battle of McDowell, Virginia. The report discusses the participation of 37th Virginia Regiment.","Written from Augusta County, Virginia. Letter regards troop movements and a recent battle.","Report written to Major R. L. Dabney. The report discusses the participation of 37th Virginia Regiment in the Battle of Winchester, Virginia.","Typescript copy. The letter discusses the character of General Stonewall Jackson and the events at the Battle of Port Republic, Virginia.","In the letter, Stonewall Jackson extends condolences after the death of Samuel V. Fulkerson.","Appointment to the VMI Board of Visitors (1853) and to judgeship (1857).","This series includes letters two letters and one letter fragment written while Abram Fulkerson, Jr. was a cadet at VMI and three letters written during his Civil War service.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news, the military ball, and exams. The letter includes an invitation to the military ball.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and the trial of Charles Christian for the murder of Cadet Thomas Blackburn.","Written from Cumberland Gap. Letter regards the death of General Stonewall Jackson.","Written from Fort Delaware Prison. Letter regards end of the Civil War and defeat of the South.","Written from Fort Delaware Prison. Letter regards end of the Civil War and being exchanged.","This series contains financial and business papers, and genealogical information.","This series consists of three items of correspondence, including:\n\nLetter from Margaret Fulkerson (Vance) to Mrs. Jane Preston (dated October 24, 1835)\nLetter from J. S. Bradley to his cousin Harriet Fulkerson (dated July 24, 1847)\nLetter from Dolly Bradley to Harriet Fulkerson (dated February 27, 1848)","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Fulkerson, Samuel V. (Samuel Vance), 1822-1862","Fulkerson, Samuel V. (Samuel Vance), 1863-1926","Fulkerson, Abram, Jr., 1834-1902","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862","Williams, Titus V. (Titus Vespasian), 1835-1908","Blackburn, Thomas, 1834-1854","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Fulkerson Family papers, 1835/1925"],"collection_ssim":["Fulkerson Family papers, 1835/1925"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0363","/repositories/3/resources/596"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0363","/repositories/3/resources/596"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Fulkerson, Samuel V. (Samuel Vance), 1822-1862","Fulkerson, Samuel V. (Samuel Vance), 1863-1926","Fulkerson, Abram, Jr., 1834-1902","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863"],"creator_ssim":["Fulkerson, Samuel V. (Samuel Vance), 1822-1862","Fulkerson, Samuel V. (Samuel Vance), 1863-1926","Fulkerson, Abram, Jr., 1834-1902","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Fulkerson, Samuel V. (Samuel Vance), 1822-1862","Fulkerson, Samuel V. (Samuel Vance), 1863-1926","Fulkerson, Abram, Jr., 1834-1902","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862","Williams, Titus V. (Titus Vespasian), 1835-1908","Blackburn, Thomas, 1834-1854"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Fulkerson, Samuel V. (Samuel Vance), 1822-1862","Fulkerson, Samuel V. (Samuel Vance), 1863-1926","Fulkerson, Abram, Jr., 1834-1902","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862","Williams, Titus V. (Titus Vespasian), 1835-1908","Blackburn, Thomas, 1834-1854","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 37th","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 31st","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 10th","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 23rd","Confederate States of America. Army—Tennessee Infantry Regiment, 63rd","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1857","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1884","Virginia Military Institute—Board of Visitors","Soldiers—Virginia—Correspondence","Shenandoah Valley Campaign, 1862","Port Republic, Battle of, Port Republic, Va., 1862","Kernstown, 1st Battle of, Winchester, Va., 1862","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Prisoners and prisons","Winchester (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Winchester, 1st Battle of, Winchester, Va., 1862 (May 25)","McDowell, Battle of, McDowell, Va., 1862","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 37th","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 31st","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 10th","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 23rd","Confederate States of America. Army—Tennessee Infantry Regiment, 63rd","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1857","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1884","Virginia Military Institute—Board of Visitors","Soldiers—Virginia—Correspondence","Shenandoah Valley Campaign, 1862","Port Republic, Battle of, Port Republic, Va., 1862","Kernstown, 1st Battle of, Winchester, Va., 1862","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Prisoners and prisons","Winchester (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Winchester, 1st Battle of, Winchester, Va., 1862 (May 25)","McDowell, Battle of, McDowell, Va., 1862","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.50 cubic feet approximately 50 items"],"extent_tesim":["0.50 cubic feet approximately 50 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSamuel Vance Fulkerson (1822-1862) was born in Washington County, Virginia to Colonel Abram Fulkerson, Sr. and Margaret Laughlin Vance on October 21, 1822. As a young man he undertook the study of law, and in late 1846 he obtained his license and opened a practice in southwestern Virginia. He served in the United States Army during the Mexican War (1847-1848), and subsequently returned to  practice of law in Estillville and Abingdon, Virginia. In 1857 he was elected judge of the thirteenth judicial district and held this position until the beginning of the Civil War. He was a member of the VMI Board of Visitors from 1852 to 1854 and from 1857 to 1858. During the Civil War he served as Colonel of the 37th Virginia Infantry Regiment. He was killed in the Battle of Gaines's Mill, Virginia on June 26, 1862.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAbram Fulkerson, Jr. (1834-1902) was born on May 13, 1834 in Washington County, Virginia and was the younger brother of Samuel V. Fulkerson (1822-1862). He graduated from VMI in 1857, and after a brief career as a teacher, went on to study law. During the Civil War he served as Colonel of the 63rd Tennessee Infantry Regiment and was a prisoner of war (one of the \"Immortal 600\"). After the War he continued the practice law and was active in politics, serving in the Virginia legislature and in the United States          Congress. He 1862 he married Selina Johnson, of Clarksville,  Tennessee, and the couple had nine children, including Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1863-1926), VMI Class of 1884. Abram Fulkersonm, Jr. died on December 17, 1902 in Bristol, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSamuel Vance Fulkerson (1863-1926) was born on October 22, 1863 in Abingdon, Virginia to Abram Fulkerson, Jr. and Selina Johnson. He graduated from VMI in 1884 and subsequently studied law at the University of Virginia. He was a lawyer (partner in the firm of Fulkerson and Davis in Bristol, Virginia) and served two terms as City Attorney. During the Spanish-American War (1898- 1899) he was a member of the Fourth Tennessee Regiment, United States Volunteers. In 1904 he married Lura Bradley of Sherman, Texas, and the couple had twin sons in April 1906. He died on July 2, 1926 in Virginia Beach, Virginia and is buried at East Hill Cemetery, Bristol.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1822-1862) was born in Washington County, Virginia to Colonel Abram Fulkerson, Sr. and Margaret Laughlin Vance on October 21, 1822. As a young man he undertook the study of law, and in late 1846 he obtained his license and opened a practice in southwestern Virginia. He served in the United States Army during the Mexican War (1847-1848), and subsequently returned to  practice of law in Estillville and Abingdon, Virginia. In 1857 he was elected judge of the thirteenth judicial district and held this position until the beginning of the Civil War. He was a member of the VMI Board of Visitors from 1852 to 1854 and from 1857 to 1858. During the Civil War he served as Colonel of the 37th Virginia Infantry Regiment. He was killed in the Battle of Gaines's Mill, Virginia on June 26, 1862.","Abram Fulkerson, Jr. (1834-1902) was born on May 13, 1834 in Washington County, Virginia and was the younger brother of Samuel V. Fulkerson (1822-1862). He graduated from VMI in 1857, and after a brief career as a teacher, went on to study law. During the Civil War he served as Colonel of the 63rd Tennessee Infantry Regiment and was a prisoner of war (one of the \"Immortal 600\"). After the War he continued the practice law and was active in politics, serving in the Virginia legislature and in the United States          Congress. He 1862 he married Selina Johnson, of Clarksville,  Tennessee, and the couple had nine children, including Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1863-1926), VMI Class of 1884. Abram Fulkersonm, Jr. died on December 17, 1902 in Bristol, Virginia.","Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1863-1926) was born on October 22, 1863 in Abingdon, Virginia to Abram Fulkerson, Jr. and Selina Johnson. He graduated from VMI in 1884 and subsequently studied law at the University of Virginia. He was a lawyer (partner in the firm of Fulkerson and Davis in Bristol, Virginia) and served two terms as City Attorney. During the Spanish-American War (1898- 1899) he was a member of the Fourth Tennessee Regiment, United States Volunteers. In 1904 he married Lura Bradley of Sherman, Texas, and the couple had twin sons in April 1906. He died on July 2, 1926 in Virginia Beach, Virginia and is buried at East Hill Cemetery, Bristol."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWinchester\u003cbr\u003e\n9 March 1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Mother\u003cbr\u003e\nNot having written or heard from home for sometime, I will write you a short letter today. You will see from the heading of this that we have not yet gone to Manassas and I cannot tell when we will go. We will not get away, unless Winchester is evacuated, while the present state of things exists here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGenl. Banks with his army has been maneuvering about twelve miles in our front for several days. On day before yesterday we thought that we were certainly in for a fight. Banks attacked our outer posts, when we packed our baggage and sent it to the rear, and marched the men on the Martinsburg road about two miles from Winchester, where we drew up and waited for the approach of the enemy. But after skirmishing with our pickets an hour or two, he withdrew again. We lost only one man, but not of my Regt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe have not a large force here, and I do not know what Genl. Jackson will do if the enemy advances upon us. All of the public stores have been sent away, and many of the citizens have left. There are a good many here who sympathize with the Yankees, and will be rejoiced if they get possession of Winchester. This is such a beautiful country that I should regret to see it fall into the hands of the Yankees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSince we came back from Romney we have had three different encampments. First on the Romney Road, but when the enemy crossed at Harper's Ferry we moved and took position on that road about three miles from Winchester; and on yesterday we moved to this place, which is on the Strasburg road about three and a half miles from Winchester near a village called Kernstown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt is doubtful about how much I will write as I have been over six hours in getting this much written. In a letter from Col. Gibson he asked what I wished you and Kate to do in case the enemy got into our county. If they should get in, and you are willing to do so, I think that you had better remain at home. Refugees have a hard time, and when people leave their homes everything is destroyed. Mr. Faulkner (Honl. Charles J.) told me that his wife had saved his property by staying at home. But if it should come to the worst, and you prefer it, leave and let the property go. I care little for the property except on yours and Kate's account. For myself I feel that I have no home so long as it is threatened by the enemy, and I would willingly give up all I have, and commence the world anew without a thing, rather than that the enemy should subjugate us.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe are very hardly pressed now, and it depends upon the spirit of our people whether we bear up against it, or give way under it. When I see so many men and especially officers shirking duty and who seem to make it a study as to the best manner in which they can get around duty, I almost despair. Many are all the time seeking personal ease or pursuing schemes of personal advancement, and would appear to be willing to sacrifice their country to attain their object. I suppose though that all wars produce the same class of selfish men, and that we must expect to be cursed with them. I do not intend to be troubled hereafter with the reflection that I did not do my duty in this conflict.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI did have some hope that I could go home for a short time this winter, but do not now expect to do so. If I had the permission I would not go now, while we are so near the enemy. Besides, so many of the officers are absent that it would be highly improper for any more to leave. In the absence of Col. Taliaferro I still have command of the 4th Brigade, which now only consists of two regiments and four pieces of artillery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI learn that we have had very high waters in our country and that much damage has been done. I was sorry to hear that Uncle James had lost his dam. I take it that he will not get his mills to running again for some time. If any of the fence about the creek washed away, get Mr. Hughes or some one to help Lee put it up. Today (Sunday) has been a very spring-like one. Citizens say that this has been a very wet winter here and not as much cold as usual, but still the ground has not been clear of snow since the first of Jany. Scarcely any ploughing has been done here yet, and little else in the farming line. See if you can't get meal and flour from Mrs. Hopkins' mill; If not try at some other place. Henry Roberts might furnish you with meal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI suffered for two or three weeks with a severe cold, but kept up and am now nearly well again. Jas. Vance is well. He spent this Sunday in building a chimney to his tent. He has said several times that he would not fix up any more. He has built a good many chimneys, but had soon to leave them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGive my love to Kate and Selina. Tell Selina that she ought to write to me. You and Kate must write soon, and tell me where Ike and Abe are. Tell Amelia Vance that I will write to her when I can. I have nothing to write about but army movements, but they will have as much interest to you as anything else.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYour son,\u003cbr\u003e\nSaml. V. Fulkerson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCamp Near New Market\u003cbr\u003e\n3 Apl. 1862 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Kate\u003cbr\u003e\nA few days ago I wrote you giving some account of our fight near Winchester. Since that time we have been marching up and down the valley, one day falling back before the enemy and the next advancing towards him, skirmishing with him almost daily. He is now in strong force about ten miles off. Genl. Jackson has taken a position here, but whether he will fight at this place or not I am unable to say. If he has sufficient force he would not wait to be attacked.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have been unable to hear from Jas. Vance, though I have [missing word or words] letter to Judge Parker of Winchester about him. I cannot think that he was mortally wounded, from what the men say who put him in the ambulance. I feel very much for Uncle James and family in their repeated bereavements. I miss Jimmy greatly, and would be greatly pleased to hear that his wound is not dangerous. I have seen a list of the prisoners who were taken to Baltimore but Jimmie's name is not among them. However, I am not surprised at this, as the wounded would not for awhile be removed from Winchester. I may yet get some information from Winchester about him. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCapt. Cowan (of Russell) died of his wounds. He was a brave man and good officer. James King was as good a soldier as ever entered the line. He went off with Capt. Jones Co., was transferred to Col. Cummings Regt. and then transferred to mine. After the fight was half over, he remarked that \"he was proud of being in the 37th.\" The poor fellow was shot through the head and did not speak afterwards. Leroy Sherman among others was taken prisoner and is in Baltimore. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe [people along the valley] claim our fight as a victory, but it is not so. We attacked a greatly superior forces and were repulsed with heavy loss. If night had not set in we would all have been captured or killed. The enemy's loss was very heavy, for our men fought with desperate courage. our loss is 469 killed and wounded. The killed wounded and missing amount to 689. This is an uncommonly heavy loss when we did not have over 3000 men in the fight. A loss of 10 per ct. is regarded as great, but ours was but little less than on fourth. My Regt. sustained the greatest loss, the killed and wounded alone being a little less than one fourth, and including the missing is a little less than one third. The northern papers speak of the terrible slaughter on their side in front of the stone fence behind which I had my Brigade. I learn that at this point the 5th Ohio Regt. was nearly [ruined]--they were a part of the rascals who aided in chasing us from Laurel Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe conduct of the late North western army (Loring's) [missing words] the fight, is spoken of by the Genl. in high terms of praise. There is a difficulty with Genl. Garnett who commanded the Stonewall Brigade, but I can't speak of particulars. Genl. Winder is now in command of that Brigade.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOur men are in fine spirits and I think will fight as well now as they did at Winchester, although they feel sad, when they think of the fall of their comrades. Our flagstaff was shot down, but the flag bearer instantly raised it again and kept it floating throughout the fight. The days work hurt my horse worse than anything which he has gone through. He was under the saddle from daylight till 11 at night and was greatly excited. The reports of the guns did not scare him, but the whistling of the balls and particularly the minnie ball excited him to the highest pitch. He has not yet recovered. You will see many exaggerated accounts of the fight in the papers. If we can't get a better and more substantial reputation than a mere newspaper one, I don't want [missing words].\nI told Judge Parker [missing words] stay with you at nights during court. He is a refugee and I want to do all for him that I can. Tell Selina that here she can't write to Abe, she can write to me. Try and get the fence put up in some way. Send the enclosed to Mr. Belkin for Judge Camden. Write soon. Love to Mother \u0026amp; S.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour brother, Saml. V. Fulkerson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHead Qrs. 37 Regt. VA. Vols. Mason's Cabins, Augusta Co., Va.\u003cbr\u003e  \n16 May 1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSir-\u003cbr\u003e\nIn making my official report of the part borne by my Regt in the battle near McDowell on the 8th inst., I have to say; that when I was ordered to the field, being about one mile distant, I had to pass on a portion of the way, up a very rocky \u0026amp; brushy hollow, which embarrassed the advance of my men greatly, and it being nothing but a defile, and the men having to advance in a single file, the Regt. necessarily stretched out over a long line. They were also much annoyed on the march after entering the field, by the shell from one of the enemies guns. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen I reached the line of battle at the head of my Regt. (marching by flank) Brig. Genl. Taliaferro informed me that the enemy were endeavoring to turn our right flank by passing over a brushy and thickly wooded ridge, and that the 31st Va Vols were there to prevent the flank movement \u0026amp; he ordered me to support the 31st. I at once filed into the woods, but not knowing the position of either the 31st or of the enemy, for they were not at that time firing, I got in between the two, but nearer the enemy. On halting to put my men in line, I found that I had with me only my two front companies, Co. A Capt. Terry \u0026amp; Co. F. Capt. Graham. In pushing forward up the ravine two companies got ahead of the others, and when the remainder got to the line of battle, I with the two first were in the woods. As soon as I formed the two companies I ordered them to give a shout which they did with a hearty good will, and we charged down the hill directly at the enemy, and when we got within forty or fifty yards of him he broke and fled, when we instantly opened fire upon them as they ran. He did not stop running till he got entirely out of the woods around the hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen the remainder of the Regt. reached the line of battle in the field they joined in the fight there, but after awhile Maj. Williams brought a portion of it to me in the woods, not knowing that I might be hard pressed there. But before he reached me the woods were clear of the enemy, and I marched all back to the main fight in the field.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen I got on our line it was nearly dark and we could only see the outline of the enemy on the hill side below us, \u0026amp; that soon disappeared, when we could only direct our fire by the flash of the enemy's guns. The fight was kept up till 9 at night when the enemy withdrew, leaving us in full possession of the field. During the fight some of my men were out of ammunition, but I had them to supply themselves from the boxes of the dead and wounded. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have to report the loss of some good officers and brave men. Capt. Terry, a gallant man and model officer, was severely wounded in the leg. Lieuts. Wilhelm, May, Dye, and Fletcher were badly wounded, and the two latter have since died. These Lieuts were young officers, but they nobly did their duty. All of my officers and men who went upon the field acted in the most gallant manner, and it would be unjust to discriminate by name, except in the case of the wounded.* The loss of my Regt. is thirty nine killed and wounded and one missing, a list of whom I herewith enclose.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI feel indebted to Surgeon Hinkle and Asst. Surgeon Butler for their prompt and untiring attention to the wounded. My Acting Adjt. C.T. Duncan also deserves special mention for the manner in which he discharged his duties upon the field.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI cannot close this report without saying that my chaplain the Revd. A.B. Carrington deserves the highest praise for his conduct during and since the fight. He was struck by a spent ball, and although it made him very sick for awhile, he was and continued to be unremitting in his attention to the wounded.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRespectfully\u003cbr\u003e\nSaml. V. Fulkerson Col. 37 Va. Vols\u003cbr\u003e\nCapt Wm. B. Pendleton  AAAGenl. 3d Brigade. V.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e*I am especially indebted to Maj. T.V. Williams for gallantry and good conduct throughout the fight. He was of great benefit in placing the men in their proper positions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCamp at Mason's Cabins. Augusta Co.  16 May 1862 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Kate\u003cbr\u003e\nIt has been a good while since I wrote and the reason is that I have not had an opportunity of writing, and I feel little like it now. We have been constantly marching, fighting and watching for more than a month, and the consequence is that we are all nearly broken down, with fatigue, loss of sleep and irregularity in eating. But his being the day set apart by the President for humiliation and prayer, Genl. Jackson has ordered his army to observe it, and to abstain from all military duty, and that divine service be had in all of the Regts. But as it is now and has been raining for two days, there will be little chance for preaching out of doors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI believe that I wrote you from Meecham's River Depot in Albemarle Co. A portion of the Regt. took the cars there for Staunton and the remainder marched on to the side of the Blue Ridge where they went on to the cars and got to Staunton about day, not having eaten anything or slept any since the night before. We stayed at Staunton that {night} and left the next day in this direction. We joined Genl. Johnson's (Alleghany) forces about six miles from Staunton. The enemy had one Regt at the east foot of the Shenandoah mountains near this place. This we came near surprising and taking with four pieces of their cannon. But they escaped, leaving all of their baggage and camp equipage and commissary stores in our hands. They fled cross the mountain to the western foot where they had two other Regts, which became alarmed \u0026amp; fled leaving everything, and all fell back to McDowell where their main body (Genl. Milroy in command) was stationed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe then went into camp and on the morning of the 8th we moved towards McDowell. This is a village in Highland county about thirty miles from Staunton and ten from Monterey. Genl Johnson with his brigade was sent forward as the advance and our Brigade (10th, 23rd, and 37th Va. Vols) followed. When within about a mile of McDowell light skirmishing began, which was kept up till evening, we in the mean time having been halted about a mile in the rear. In the evening our advance Brigade and the enemy became engaged in a general fight and we were ordered forward at a double quick. A portion of the way over which we had to go was up a very rocky and brushy hollow, and when we reached our line of battle we were nearly out of breath. All along the way we were exposed to the enemy's file by their shooting at our advance and the balls striking among and around us. The whistling of the bullets excited my horse so much that he became unmanageable and I had to send him to the rear before I got upon the field. When I got on the field I asked the Genl. where my Regt. should be placed, when he said that the enemy were trying to turn our right flank over a brushy and thickly wooded ridge, and that the 31st Va. was there for the purpose of holding them back and that I must support the 31st. I at once double quicked into the woods. When I got there I found that I had but two companies (Capt. Terry's \u0026amp; Capt. Graham's) in consequence of my having hurried the front up the hollow so fast that they left the remainder behind and out of sight. One of the enemy's cannon was also brought to bear upon the Regt. which also embarrassed the rear. I did not know the position either of the 31st or the enemy in the woods, as they were not firing. The consequence was that I entered the woods between the two, but nearer the enemy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI at once formed my two companies, gave them the order to raise a shout, which they did very lustily, and we charged down the hill right at the foe. They stood till we got within forty or fifty yards of them when they broke and fled and we opened fire upon them as they ran. We ran them entirely out of the woods. Our movement was so sudden and unexpected that the enemy seemed to be surprised and much frightened. It seemed like a bold move, but I think it was the best for my men, as I only lost two men wounded (one of them mortally) at this point. The remainder of the Regt. not knowing where I was went into the main fight when they came upon the field, but after a while a portion of them we ordered to join me in the woods which they did, but there being no enemy in the woods at this time I took them all back and entered the fight in the field.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt was nearly dark and we could only see the outlines of the enemy, which was soon lost \u0026amp; we had to fire by the flash of their guns. The fight lasted till 9 oclk at night, when the enemy withdrew leaving us in possession of the field. The ground selected by the foe was well chosen and particularly advantageous in a night fight. The enemy had been reinforced the day before by Genl Schenck with three or four thousand men, and they fought obstinately. At one time they approached through the bushes to within 20 yards of two of my companies, but were driven back, leaving their flag bearer and flag upon the field. This was an Ohio Rgt. (32nd). I had the wounded flag bearer taken up \u0026amp; sent back with my wounded, but I believe he died next day. The flag was so torn to pieces that my men took some of it and some other men some. Col. Campbell's Regt. got into the fight about dark and the remainder of his Brigade did not get in at all I believe. The Stonewall Brigade, being several miles off, did not get on the field till after the fight was over.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI lost forty men in killed and wounded. Some of the wounded have since died, and others are dangerous. Three have had their legs amputated. We stayed upon the field nearly all night gathering up and sending off the killed and wounded. The 12th Geo. Regt. suffered most terribly. They were in the advance and ordered to hold a very exposed position. They lost about 180 men killed and wounded. After their ammunition gave out, they lay down and held the place at the point of the bayonet. Many of my men got out of ammunition, but I had them to supply themselves from the boxes of the dead and wounded, and in that way kept them shooting. We had no cannon in the fight. After the dead were collected on the field and laid in rows of then or fifteen, the dim moonlight gave to their countenances an unusual unearthly appearance. Our loss in officers is heavy, and I think that our whole loss is not less than 400. Genl. Johnson was wounded. Col. Gibbons of the 10th was killed. He was one of the best men I ever saw. Maj. Campbell (James C.) was wounded before he got on the field, but I think not dangerously.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI cannot tell what the enemy's loss was. They left some on the field, some in McDowell and scattered along at other places. Immediately after the fight the enemy burned all their baggage and stores at McDowell and retreated. At daylight they had all gone, and we started in pursuit. We followed three days march and came up with their rear at Franklin in Pendleton Co. We skirmished with them over a day, when we were ordered back, I do not know for what cause. It was reported that Genl. Fremont had brought on reinforcements and that a portion of Rosencranz force had joined Milroy. But I do not know that these reasons influenced Genl. Jackson. I do not know where we are going to, but think that we will not go to Staunton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI received your letter enclosing copies of Abe's \u0026amp; Arthur's. I am very anxious to hear what Abe's fate has been. Write about him and Ike. Mr. Carrington is going to preach, and I do not feel like writing more. He was struck by a spent ball in the fight, but it only made him sick for awhile. Write soon and direct to Staunton. My love to Mother and Selina. I have heard nothing from J. Vance since I last wrote.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour brother Saml. V. Fulkerson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHead Quarters 3 Brigade, Valley District\u003cbr\u003e  \nCamp near Winchester, VA\u003cbr\u003e\n28 May 1862  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSir-\u003cbr\u003e\nIn making my report of the part acted by the 3rd Brigade in the battle near Winchester on the 25th inst., I have to say that on the morning of the 24th the Brigade left its bivouac four miles south of Front Royal at daylight and marched to Middletown, and thence down the main valley Pike in the direction of Winchester. Owing to delay occasioned by the enemy's skirmishers embarrassing the advance of the head of the column, daylight cam upon us near Kernstown, after which we quickly advanced to the mills south of Winchester, at which time a vigorous fire was going on between our own and the enemy's batteries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI was ordered to file my Brigade to the left of the Pike and take position under shelter of a hill for the purpose of supporting one of our batteries. I was also ordered to report to Genl. Winder who was already upon the ground. I placed the 23rd \u0026amp; 37th Va. Vols in the position indicated, when Genl Winder ordered me to occupy a wooded hill in an adjoining field, with one Regt, which position he informed me, the enemy were on the move to occupy. I at once ordered Col. Warren with the 10th Va Vols to take position on the hill which he quickly did. In a short time Genl. Winder ordered me to place another Regt. on the hill with the 10th, when I ordered Maj. Williams to march the 37th there which he did with dispatch. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring all of the time of these movements, and in fact from the time when the Brigade first entered the field, it was exposed to a severe fire from the enemy's batteries and long range small arms. After these movements had been executed Col. Taliaferro was ordered to move the 23rd forward and charge a battery of the enemy in his front. He pushed forward with his Regt. in gallant style. But in the meantime Genl. Taylor's Louisiana Brigade had come upon the field, formed and moved in the direction of the enemy, coming up upon the left of Col. Taliaferro.  The 37th \u0026amp; 10th followed immediately after Genl. Taylor's Brigade. On rushing the top of the ridge on which the enemy's batteries had been placed, a sharp musketry fire ensued, but soon a general charge was made by our whole line when the enemy gave way and fled precipitately through Winchester in the wildest confusion. We followed in immediate pursuit on the Martinsburg road, for four miles from Winchester, where we were halted. A list of the casualties is herewith furnished, from which it will be seen that the loss of the Brigade is, comparatively, very light.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCol. Taliaferro commanding the 23rd, Col Warren commanding the 10th and Maj. Williams commanding the 37th acted in the most gallant \u0026amp; efficient manner. I refer to the reports of Col. Taliaferro, Col. Warren, \u0026amp; Maj. Williams for the conduct of the officers \u0026amp; men of their respective Regts. I with pride bear testimony to the gallant conduct of the whole Brigade both officers and men.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI am indebted to Capt. Wm. B. Pendleton A.A.A. Genl. for his gallant conduct and prompt and cheerful manner with which he executed my orders. Capt Wooding's battery was not placed in position during the day. Respectfully\u003cbr\u003e\nSaml V. Fulkerson\u003cbr\u003e\nCol. Comd. Brigd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePort Republic, Rockingham Co.\u003cbr\u003e \n8 [June] 1862 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Kate\u003cbr\u003e\nThe place at which this letter is written is a pretty village near the foot of the Blue Ridge and about twelve miles from Harrisonburg, at the junction of the North and South Rivers, which form the Shenandoah.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI wrote you last from Winchester shortly after our arrival there, giving you an account of our march and proceedings up to that time. Since then we have undergone and almost incredible amount of hardship. We stayed at Winchester two days after taking the place and then proceeded to Charles Town and Harper's Ferry. We found a few of the enemy at Charles Town, but soon drove them down to the Ferry, where they made a stand having been largely re-enforced from Washington \u0026amp; elsewhere. The enemy were in position on Bolivar Heights on the Va. side and on the heights on the Maryland side of the river. Both of these positions had been fortified by Genl. Johnston last summer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA portion of our forces crossed the Shenandoah river and took possession of Louden Heights. This was in the evening, a brisk cannonading going on, which was renewed the next morning, and continued till the enemy was driven from the Bolivar across the Potomac. About this time Genl. Jackson received information that Genl. Shields was crossing the Blue Ridge and Genl. Fremont was coming from Moorfield to form a junction at Strasburg and thus cut us off. This placed us in the hardest place that we have ever yet been. Genl. Jackson immediately ordered us to march back. We had about fifty miles to make to pass Strasburg, and our men were already terribly broken down by continued and hard marching. We marched to our camps near Winchester that night and next morning at day light started to Strasburg, which we reached before night. We had now marched about 70 miles in less than three days, in going to and returning from Harpers Ferry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGen. Shields was now at [Front] Port Royal, some 8 or 9 miles from Strasburg, and Genl. Fremont was 7 miles from Strasburg on the Moorefield road. So you see that we had only a gap of about 15 miles wide to get out at. During Saturday night I received an order from Genl. Jackson (I was still in command of our Brigade) to proceed next morning (Sunday) at daylight, some two or three miles on the Moorefield road, take position and resist the advance of the enemy. Before I could get a position, our scouts informed me that the enemy was advancing, when I hurried forward to a suitable position, and made disposition of my own and two other Brigades which were for the time under my command.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI sent forward a company of cavalry, which soon returned at the top of their speed with the enemy's cavalry close after them. We drove these back, but in a very short time the enemy's infantry came down the road and through the woods at double quick, and when they got within range halted and opened a brisk fire upon us, which was kept up for some time when they were driven back again. By this time Gen. Ewell came upon the field and assumed command of the whole. After the enemy's infantry were driven back, they placed two pieces of cannon in position and the two forces kept up a very pretty and brisk artillery duel for an hour or more, when the enemy withdrew from the field. After this Genl Jackson came out and said that he did not want to bring on a general engagement then, and ordered us to fall back towards Strasburg. I do not think that we had more than 10 or 15 men killed and wounded. My Regt. had none hurt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[At this point, according to the sentence below, the date is now June 10th]\nA little after dark we left Strasburg for Woodstock to which place the waggon had been sent, and we had a terrible march. (This writing above was suddenly stopped about 8 oclk on Sunday morning last by the enemies cannon, and I will now try to finish on this the 10th). We got to Woodstock about daylight, all broken completely down and seemingly half dead. We were dogged all night by the enemy's cavalry, and I know that they picked up many of our broken down stragglers. I have between thirty and forty men missing, most I fear were taken. It is not to be wondered at. Many of the poor fellows actually walked much of that weary night, fast asleep, so worn out and exhausted were they with their terrible duty. I do not think that our Genl. exercised due diligence in getting his captured stores to a secure place. There was a vast amount of them, the greater portion of which he saved. But Genl. Shields made his appearance so suddenly at Front Royal that a portion of the stores captured there were retaken together with some of our wagons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe marched from Woodstock to near Harrisonburg, and the next day to near Port Republic, which place we reached on Saturday evening. I thought the next day, being Sunday, that we would rest, and I began to write this letter, when I was stopped by the roar of cannon down at the town. The town is located in the fork of the two rivers, the north and larger branch being bridged, the other not. The enemy's cavalry had dashed into town, with two pieces of artillery, one of which they planted at the end of the bridge, and with a third they began a fire from the opposite side of the river. Genl Jackson was in town and was taken completely by surprise and came near being captured. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe were camped about three quarters of a mile from town on the north side of the river. The enemy (Genl Shields force) had come up the river on the south side from Elk Run. In a very short time we were ordered to double quick to the bridge. My Regt. was just in the act of forming for inspection, and we got the start of the others. We passed through a wheat field with the enemy's gun from the other side of the river playing upon us. When we got to the top of the hill near the bridge the gun at the other end opened with grape upon us. My men returned the fire, when Genl. Jackson ordered me to charge through the bridge and take the gun. I led off and my men followed. We rushed through the bridge, captured the gun, and pursued the enemy through the town and until he crossed the south branch. I could have captured the other cannon in town, but I did not know of but one ford. We rushed to that, but found the enemy crossing higher up. We opened fire on them, killing some horses and two or three men and taking six or eight prisoners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharging in at one end of a bridge with a cannon yawning in at the other is no very pleasant past time. But my men went in so well, that it elicited the praise of the Genl. and all who witnessed it. When we got to the cannon, the smoke of the last fire was still issuing from its mouth. We charged them so quickly and so vigorously that my loss was little. Yancey Smith (brother of the Capt) of Russell was killed, and Sergt. E. Johnson and Walter James of Capt. Terry's company each had a thigh badly broken. I fear that Johnson is mortally wounded. We had put some of our artillery in position, which soon silenced the enemy's guns on the opposite side of the river, and drove them back, and they did not again advance on that day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhile this was going on, Genl. Fremont made an attack on our forces next to Harrisonburg. Our Brigade was ordered to hold the bridge and town against Genl. Shields, which we did, but could hear the fight on the other side, which lasted till nearly night with heavy loss on both sides. Our loss in officers was considerable. Genls Elzey \u0026amp; Stewart were wounded, though I think not dangerously. Our men drove the enemy back about a mile and held possession of the field during the night, having captured more than 100 prisoners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn our march the day before from Harrisonburg, Fremont pressed our rear very hardly, and our protection subjected us to the heaviest and saddest loss that we have sustained in the valley. Ashby (but a short time a Brigadier) was killed. He had just made a brilliant charge on the enemy, capturing a Col, Maj., and a number of prisoners. Afterwards and about dark he was leading on foot (his horse having been killed), on Infantry Regt. when he was shot through the heart, and the saddest part of it is, that it is generally believed that he was shot by our own men. He was the most gallant man I ever saw, and withal a good man. When Ashby was between us and the enemy we felt perfectly secure against any surprise, and he was always on the enemy's heels. They had great fear of him. He kept them in constant dread. His place cannot be filled, and his death cast a gloom over the whole army. He had performed more feats of daring and had done more hard and perilous service than any man in the army.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs I have placed Sundays proceedings before Saturday, I will now pass over to Monday. During Sunday our train had been sent on the road towards Waynesboro in Augusta Co. But on Sunday night Genl. Jackson threw a foot bridge across the north branch, ordered his train to turn back and take the road through Brown's Gap into Albemarle, and by a little after sun rise he had the greater portion of his army across the foot bridge and marching against Genl. Shields force, which camped the night before in sight of us about three miles off. Our Brigade and Genl. Trimble's were ordered to hold the large bridge and to resist the advance of Fremont. Our force and Shield's soon became hotly engaged, and the fight became a very hard one. Our men were being severely pressed and suffering a great loss, when Genl Jackson galloped back and ordered me to move forward my Regt at double quick, which I did. He also had the other two Regt of the Brigade ordered forward. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen I got upon the field, and was putting my men in position for action, the enemy gave way and we rushed forward, passing his battery which he abandoned, having first killed all the horses. In coming up we received a sharp fire. The enemy rallied and partially formed, but we kept on and they gave way again, and commenced a general run, and scatterment. My Regt happened to get in advance, and hounds never pursued a fox with more eagerness than they pursued the flying yankees. Some kept the road and some took the bushes, all intent on capturing a yankee. We captured about 400 prisoners most of whom were taken by my men, among them a number of officers from Col down. We also captured two Regimental flags, all of the enemies artillery (seven or eight guns), all of his ambulances \u0026amp; c., and a number of small arms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Infantry followed about six miles, and the cavalry having come up followed about six further. My men performed many individual acts of bravery one of which I notice, and you may send it to the Abingdon paper for publication. The rout was complete and entire. The prisoners say that Genl. Shields was not present, but that Genl Tyler was in command. We captured a number of our old acquaintances, the 5th Ohio, and our boys were glad to meet with them. After our Brigade crossed the north branch, Genl. Trimble crossed the large bridge and then set fire to it \u0026amp; burned it down. In a short time Genl. Fremont appeared at the burnt bridge, but could do nothing but listen to the fight and pursuit. On our return from the pursuit we quietly passed within plain view of Genl Fremont's camp, and marched to this place on the Blue Ridge, where we are staying today.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOur camp extends back to within four or five miles of Port Republic. Men were worse mangled in this fight than any that I have been in. Heads \u0026amp; limbs off and bodies torn open were frequent sights for several miles. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn Sunday night Capt. Jno. Preston \u0026amp; Lieut. Jno Humes with fifty men were sent out on picket and were left out when we went into the fight on Monday. After Fremont made his appearance I sent back my Regt to bring in the picket, but he thought that he could not get to them, and come back about midnight last night. I have heard nothing from them since, but think and hope that they have gone to Staunton or Waynesboro, about 18 miles off. I am not in the habit of gathering spoils on the field, but one of me brought me a Col's horse, saddle, bridle \u0026amp; c. Another gave me a very pretty sword. The horse belonged to Col. Lewis of Pa. He has been a fine horse, but is getting old and is not a good riding horse. I also got the Col's Regimental flag.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYou will see from this narrative that we have had a very active and exciting time. We have fought on three Sundays in succession, which will do pretty well for a religious Genl. I got Selina's letter the other day \u0026amp; will write her when I can. Write soon to Staunton. Don't know when we will go next. Love to Mother \u0026amp; Selina.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour brother\u003cbr\u003e\nS.V. Fulkerson \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. F.M. Fulkerson \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSir-\u003cbr\u003e\nIn reply to your letter of the 7th ult. permit me to say that Col. S.V. Fulkerson was an officer of distinguished worth. I deeply felt his death. He rendered valuable service to his country, and had he lived, would probably have been recommended by me before this time for a brigadier generalcy. So far as my knowledge extends, he enjoyed the confidence of his regiment and all who knew him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI am Sir your obdt. servt\u003cbr\u003e \nT.J. Jackson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV.M. Institute June 4th 1853\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Sister,\u003cbr\u003e\nI recd your letter the 28th of May. I was very glad to hear that were so well pleased with your school. I suppose that you will come home before you teach another session if you do so at all, Father wrote to me the other day for the first time, they are all well at home Father has sold his mare and bought a buggy, I suppose that he will quit riding horse back and splurge in his buggy for a while, your old Mister Brown was kicked by a horse the other day and broke his leg, his family had bad luck lately.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe will have a great ball on the if nothing happens they are prepareing tolerably rapidly now, the tickets came yesterday. I sent you one of them, I know you will be certain to come or else I would not send it to you\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe examination will commence the 20th of June, Sam is on the Board again they meet about the 15th, I have some faint hopes of passing, but it is verry doubtful  I tell you, you must write to me oftener\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate Brother\u003cbr\u003e\nAbram Fulkerson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Military Institute\u003cbr\u003e\nApr 14 1854\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Mother\u003cbr\u003e\nI recd your letter a few days ago or weeks I am not certain which but however I have not had time to answer it until to day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have nothing very new or of much importance to write to you. Circuit court is going on at present in Lexington They are trying Christian the man that killed Cadet Blackburn  there has been a great deal of excitement with the people since it commenced  there is a great many of C. friends attending the trial. I suppose from all accounts that he will be hung\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere was another murder committed in town a few weeks ago almost as bad as B's, a man by the name of Winn killed the proprietor of the Washington Hotel, his name was Moore they had a falling out the day he was killed some five or six hours before the fight occurred.  Winn went to his (Moore's) house that night about ten o'clock and called him out into the street + stabbed him through the heart with a knife the knife cut his heart very near into two pieces. He died in a few minutes afterwards. There is two other men in jail for shooting men besides all of this there was a negro hung in Lexington a few weeks ago for the same offence, but it did not appear to have much affect. It seems like Lexington is going to turn out to be one of the most corrupt and immoral places in the State of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia wrote to me a few days ago. Sister Alice and the children are all well.  Virginia say she likes her new home very well considering the short time that she has been there.  She did not say whether she was going to school any more at Rogersville or not.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI wrote to Sam sometime ago to know whether I had better go home this summer or put it off until next. He says he thinks I had better stay another year before I go home and indeed I thought so myself  was the reason I wrote to him about it. Therefore I will not have the opportunity of coming home til next July year. I would be very glad if I could come next year but taking every thing into consideration I think it will be best to stay here another year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI heard from Catherine lately. She is getting along about as common I believe I understand that Frank is going to marry before long. But I do not know whether it is true or not. Dr. Walker's son was here the other day on his way home from Philadelphia. He has been taking medical lessons there, I had a long talk with him.  e stayed in town one day and night. I must bring my letter to a close as I have nothing more to write, tell Balf and Jim to write to me.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYour affectionate Son,\u003cbr\u003e\nA. Fulkerson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCumberland Gap\u003cbr\u003e\nMay 18, 1863\n \nMy dear wife-\u003cbr\u003e\nYour last kind letter was recd by friday's mail. Your dear letters are my greatest pleasure and do away in a great measure with the horror of separation. The frequency with which we can communicate with each other is a rich blessing and brings us as if we're almost together.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne of our pickets came in the other day and reported that a Mr. Davis was at the lines and desired to enter. This report took me very much by surprise, for although you had mentioned the probability of his coming yet I did not look for him. He only stayed a few hours. After dinner (a very poor one without apology to him) I went [around] to show him some of the curiosities of Cumberland Gap, which he seemed to think would compensate any one for making the visit. He went back up the valley and expected to get home by Wednesday next. Will see you Sunday, if not sooner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe intelligence of the death of Gen. Jackson came upon us like a shock. We feel that his death is a national calamity. The poorest soldiers among us appreciated his worth - loved the man, and mourn his loss. I knew him well.1  He was my preceptor for more than four years and whilst during that time I did not appreciate the man, as school [schoolboys?]are not like to do, yet I always had great reverence for the man on account of his piety \u0026amp; uprightness of character. Among the many heroes of this revolution, none have lived so much adored, none have died so much deplored, and none have left a character as spotless as that of Stonewall Jackson. Could his life have been spared till the close of this cruel war, the unanimous voice of a grateful people would have proclaimed him chief ruler of the nation. But God has seen proper to take him from us, and what He does is right and for the best. It is [illegible] therefore that we make the sacrifice cheerfully, th'o we cannot see why our country should be deprived of his services at his her hour of greatest need.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have no news of importance more than you will see in the papers. The news from Ky is vague and unreliable. It is reported and believed that there are three or four Regmts at Barboursville, 30 miles distant. That Burnsides is preparing to invade E. Tenn. on a large scale there seems no longer to be any doubt. A southern woman the wife of a Lincolnite told Mrs. Patterson today that a runner had just come across the mountain to tell the Union people, they must stay at home, that the Feds would be in, in about three weeks, that where they were found absent it would be an evidence of disloyalty. I will not be surprised if they make an effort about that time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Patterson started to the R.R. today - is going to the salt works. I asked him to stop and see you all, but he would not promise. No prospect of any goods yet. Do you want any money? When you need money or any thing else you must not fail to let me know. My love to mother \u0026amp; Kate. Write often,\nYour affectionate husband\u003cbr\u003e\nAF\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eField Officers Barracks, Ft. Delaware May 7 1865 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy dear wife\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have not heard directly from you since the 4th of Feb. Your letter was directed to Ft. Pulaski. I received on my way here at Hilton Head S.C. Since that time we have passed through the most eventful period of the war. The closing scenes are being enacted, and with hearts overwhelmed with grief \u0026amp; sadness we bow in deep humiliation in their contemplation. The present, thank God, is only the \"beginning of the end.\" The military power of the South is broken, the spirit is not. The ball has been put in motion by the people of the South, an impetus has been given it, which will eventually result in the destruction of the U.S. Government and if not in the independence of the South, certainly in the disenthrallment of her people. Ten years will see us under the protecting wing of a foreign power, or independent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI expect to meet you soon, not crowned with the laurels of victory but with the oath crammed down my throat, a quiescent citizen of the United States. I have the sweet consolation of being conscious of having served the cause faithfully. I sacrificed everything but life, and hazarded that, many times \u0026amp; in many ways, in behalf of my country. I have not the slightest fear that any man can ever point at me the finger of scorn and say \"you done it.\" I have performed my duty and now abandon the cause as (at present) hopeless, without in the least having changed my opinion as to the justness of that cause. I go now to share with the people of the south the deep humiliation which will be dictated by yankee vindictiveness.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have heard from you thr'o your father up to March 1st. Receive letters from him often. Says he will send you money \u0026amp; c thr'o Mr. Armstrong. Hope you may have no difficulty in getting along. I cannot tell when I will be released, but probably soon. My love to Kate. Tell the boy, I'll be home soon. Your affect. husband. A. Fulkerson P.W.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOfficers Barracks\u003cbr\u003e \nFt. Delaware \u003cbr\u003e\nMay 13, 1865 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy dear wife-\u003cbr\u003e\nYour esteemed letter of the 17th April, via Knoxville reached me a few days since. I cannot express my gratification at learning that you were all well, and living. The terrible events which have transpired in the Confederacy within the past two months, and my great anxiety about you, taken together, had rendered me very unhappy, indeed wretched.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe last letter but one from you was dated 4th Feb and recd at Hilton Head S.C. the day after our departure from Ft. Pulaski. I have written you several times since my arrival here, via Richmond. About a week ago I sent you a letter to the care of Mr. Armstrong, but as I was in a very unhappy humor about them \"Cause\" it is probable that much that I said was too harsh and \"contraband\" and caused the\"confiscation\" of the letter. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe left Ft. Pulaski on the 4th March, ordered by Genrl. Grant to be exchanged. When we reached Old Point active operations had commenced on the James, were sent here. The result of the campaign was disastrous to our aims. It has ended our hopes for exchange, if not for liberty itself. I cannot talk about our misfortunes in a letter, but must wait till I see you. It seems at present, that the only means of getting out of prison, is by taking the oath. It is probable therefore I will return to you soon, not crowned with victorious laurels, but as a loyal subject (overpowered) of the U.S. I do not know whether you would recognize me as a citizen or not, perhaps you may, if necessity forces it upon me.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI hear from your father often. He wrote me he was making arrangements to send you money \u0026amp; clothing th'ro Mr. Armstrong. I hope it will not be inconvenient for Kate to keep you with her til I am released. My health is now very good. Your affectionate husband. A. Fulkerson.\u003cbr\u003e \nLove to Mrs. H and the boy (as you may not receive this for months, I will say our boy)\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["Winchester\n9 March 1862","My Dear Mother\nNot having written or heard from home for sometime, I will write you a short letter today. You will see from the heading of this that we have not yet gone to Manassas and I cannot tell when we will go. We will not get away, unless Winchester is evacuated, while the present state of things exists here.","Genl. Banks with his army has been maneuvering about twelve miles in our front for several days. On day before yesterday we thought that we were certainly in for a fight. Banks attacked our outer posts, when we packed our baggage and sent it to the rear, and marched the men on the Martinsburg road about two miles from Winchester, where we drew up and waited for the approach of the enemy. But after skirmishing with our pickets an hour or two, he withdrew again. We lost only one man, but not of my Regt.","We have not a large force here, and I do not know what Genl. Jackson will do if the enemy advances upon us. All of the public stores have been sent away, and many of the citizens have left. There are a good many here who sympathize with the Yankees, and will be rejoiced if they get possession of Winchester. This is such a beautiful country that I should regret to see it fall into the hands of the Yankees.","Since we came back from Romney we have had three different encampments. First on the Romney Road, but when the enemy crossed at Harper's Ferry we moved and took position on that road about three miles from Winchester; and on yesterday we moved to this place, which is on the Strasburg road about three and a half miles from Winchester near a village called Kernstown.","It is doubtful about how much I will write as I have been over six hours in getting this much written. In a letter from Col. Gibson he asked what I wished you and Kate to do in case the enemy got into our county. If they should get in, and you are willing to do so, I think that you had better remain at home. Refugees have a hard time, and when people leave their homes everything is destroyed. Mr. Faulkner (Honl. Charles J.) told me that his wife had saved his property by staying at home. But if it should come to the worst, and you prefer it, leave and let the property go. I care little for the property except on yours and Kate's account. For myself I feel that I have no home so long as it is threatened by the enemy, and I would willingly give up all I have, and commence the world anew without a thing, rather than that the enemy should subjugate us.","We are very hardly pressed now, and it depends upon the spirit of our people whether we bear up against it, or give way under it. When I see so many men and especially officers shirking duty and who seem to make it a study as to the best manner in which they can get around duty, I almost despair. Many are all the time seeking personal ease or pursuing schemes of personal advancement, and would appear to be willing to sacrifice their country to attain their object. I suppose though that all wars produce the same class of selfish men, and that we must expect to be cursed with them. I do not intend to be troubled hereafter with the reflection that I did not do my duty in this conflict.","I did have some hope that I could go home for a short time this winter, but do not now expect to do so. If I had the permission I would not go now, while we are so near the enemy. Besides, so many of the officers are absent that it would be highly improper for any more to leave. In the absence of Col. Taliaferro I still have command of the 4th Brigade, which now only consists of two regiments and four pieces of artillery.","I learn that we have had very high waters in our country and that much damage has been done. I was sorry to hear that Uncle James had lost his dam. I take it that he will not get his mills to running again for some time. If any of the fence about the creek washed away, get Mr. Hughes or some one to help Lee put it up. Today (Sunday) has been a very spring-like one. Citizens say that this has been a very wet winter here and not as much cold as usual, but still the ground has not been clear of snow since the first of Jany. Scarcely any ploughing has been done here yet, and little else in the farming line. See if you can't get meal and flour from Mrs. Hopkins' mill; If not try at some other place. Henry Roberts might furnish you with meal.","I suffered for two or three weeks with a severe cold, but kept up and am now nearly well again. Jas. Vance is well. He spent this Sunday in building a chimney to his tent. He has said several times that he would not fix up any more. He has built a good many chimneys, but had soon to leave them.","Give my love to Kate and Selina. Tell Selina that she ought to write to me. You and Kate must write soon, and tell me where Ike and Abe are. Tell Amelia Vance that I will write to her when I can. I have nothing to write about but army movements, but they will have as much interest to you as anything else.","Your son,\nSaml. V. Fulkerson","Camp Near New Market\n3 Apl. 1862","Dear Kate\nA few days ago I wrote you giving some account of our fight near Winchester. Since that time we have been marching up and down the valley, one day falling back before the enemy and the next advancing towards him, skirmishing with him almost daily. He is now in strong force about ten miles off. Genl. Jackson has taken a position here, but whether he will fight at this place or not I am unable to say. If he has sufficient force he would not wait to be attacked.","I have been unable to hear from Jas. Vance, though I have [missing word or words] letter to Judge Parker of Winchester about him. I cannot think that he was mortally wounded, from what the men say who put him in the ambulance. I feel very much for Uncle James and family in their repeated bereavements. I miss Jimmy greatly, and would be greatly pleased to hear that his wound is not dangerous. I have seen a list of the prisoners who were taken to Baltimore but Jimmie's name is not among them. However, I am not surprised at this, as the wounded would not for awhile be removed from Winchester. I may yet get some information from Winchester about him.","Capt. Cowan (of Russell) died of his wounds. He was a brave man and good officer. James King was as good a soldier as ever entered the line. He went off with Capt. Jones Co., was transferred to Col. Cummings Regt. and then transferred to mine. After the fight was half over, he remarked that \"he was proud of being in the 37th.\" The poor fellow was shot through the head and did not speak afterwards. Leroy Sherman among others was taken prisoner and is in Baltimore.","The [people along the valley] claim our fight as a victory, but it is not so. We attacked a greatly superior forces and were repulsed with heavy loss. If night had not set in we would all have been captured or killed. The enemy's loss was very heavy, for our men fought with desperate courage. our loss is 469 killed and wounded. The killed wounded and missing amount to 689. This is an uncommonly heavy loss when we did not have over 3000 men in the fight. A loss of 10 per ct. is regarded as great, but ours was but little less than on fourth. My Regt. sustained the greatest loss, the killed and wounded alone being a little less than one fourth, and including the missing is a little less than one third. The northern papers speak of the terrible slaughter on their side in front of the stone fence behind which I had my Brigade. I learn that at this point the 5th Ohio Regt. was nearly [ruined]--they were a part of the rascals who aided in chasing us from Laurel Hill.","The conduct of the late North western army (Loring's) [missing words] the fight, is spoken of by the Genl. in high terms of praise. There is a difficulty with Genl. Garnett who commanded the Stonewall Brigade, but I can't speak of particulars. Genl. Winder is now in command of that Brigade.","Our men are in fine spirits and I think will fight as well now as they did at Winchester, although they feel sad, when they think of the fall of their comrades. Our flagstaff was shot down, but the flag bearer instantly raised it again and kept it floating throughout the fight. The days work hurt my horse worse than anything which he has gone through. He was under the saddle from daylight till 11 at night and was greatly excited. The reports of the guns did not scare him, but the whistling of the balls and particularly the minnie ball excited him to the highest pitch. He has not yet recovered. You will see many exaggerated accounts of the fight in the papers. If we can't get a better and more substantial reputation than a mere newspaper one, I don't want [missing words].\nI told Judge Parker [missing words] stay with you at nights during court. He is a refugee and I want to do all for him that I can. Tell Selina that here she can't write to Abe, she can write to me. Try and get the fence put up in some way. Send the enclosed to Mr. Belkin for Judge Camden. Write soon. Love to Mother \u0026 S.\nYour brother, Saml. V. Fulkerson.","Head Qrs. 37 Regt. VA. Vols. Mason's Cabins, Augusta Co., Va.  \n16 May 1862","Sir-\nIn making my official report of the part borne by my Regt in the battle near McDowell on the 8th inst., I have to say; that when I was ordered to the field, being about one mile distant, I had to pass on a portion of the way, up a very rocky \u0026 brushy hollow, which embarrassed the advance of my men greatly, and it being nothing but a defile, and the men having to advance in a single file, the Regt. necessarily stretched out over a long line. They were also much annoyed on the march after entering the field, by the shell from one of the enemies guns.","When I reached the line of battle at the head of my Regt. (marching by flank) Brig. Genl. Taliaferro informed me that the enemy were endeavoring to turn our right flank by passing over a brushy and thickly wooded ridge, and that the 31st Va Vols were there to prevent the flank movement \u0026 he ordered me to support the 31st. I at once filed into the woods, but not knowing the position of either the 31st or of the enemy, for they were not at that time firing, I got in between the two, but nearer the enemy. On halting to put my men in line, I found that I had with me only my two front companies, Co. A Capt. Terry \u0026 Co. F. Capt. Graham. In pushing forward up the ravine two companies got ahead of the others, and when the remainder got to the line of battle, I with the two first were in the woods. As soon as I formed the two companies I ordered them to give a shout which they did with a hearty good will, and we charged down the hill directly at the enemy, and when we got within forty or fifty yards of him he broke and fled, when we instantly opened fire upon them as they ran. He did not stop running till he got entirely out of the woods around the hill.","When the remainder of the Regt. reached the line of battle in the field they joined in the fight there, but after awhile Maj. Williams brought a portion of it to me in the woods, not knowing that I might be hard pressed there. But before he reached me the woods were clear of the enemy, and I marched all back to the main fight in the field.","When I got on our line it was nearly dark and we could only see the outline of the enemy on the hill side below us, \u0026 that soon disappeared, when we could only direct our fire by the flash of the enemy's guns. The fight was kept up till 9 at night when the enemy withdrew, leaving us in full possession of the field. During the fight some of my men were out of ammunition, but I had them to supply themselves from the boxes of the dead and wounded.","I have to report the loss of some good officers and brave men. Capt. Terry, a gallant man and model officer, was severely wounded in the leg. Lieuts. Wilhelm, May, Dye, and Fletcher were badly wounded, and the two latter have since died. These Lieuts were young officers, but they nobly did their duty. All of my officers and men who went upon the field acted in the most gallant manner, and it would be unjust to discriminate by name, except in the case of the wounded.* The loss of my Regt. is thirty nine killed and wounded and one missing, a list of whom I herewith enclose.","I feel indebted to Surgeon Hinkle and Asst. Surgeon Butler for their prompt and untiring attention to the wounded. My Acting Adjt. C.T. Duncan also deserves special mention for the manner in which he discharged his duties upon the field.","I cannot close this report without saying that my chaplain the Revd. A.B. Carrington deserves the highest praise for his conduct during and since the fight. He was struck by a spent ball, and although it made him very sick for awhile, he was and continued to be unremitting in his attention to the wounded.","Respectfully\nSaml. V. Fulkerson Col. 37 Va. Vols\nCapt Wm. B. Pendleton  AAAGenl. 3d Brigade. V.D.","*I am especially indebted to Maj. T.V. Williams for gallantry and good conduct throughout the fight. He was of great benefit in placing the men in their proper positions.","Camp at Mason's Cabins. Augusta Co.  16 May 1862","Dear Kate\nIt has been a good while since I wrote and the reason is that I have not had an opportunity of writing, and I feel little like it now. We have been constantly marching, fighting and watching for more than a month, and the consequence is that we are all nearly broken down, with fatigue, loss of sleep and irregularity in eating. But his being the day set apart by the President for humiliation and prayer, Genl. Jackson has ordered his army to observe it, and to abstain from all military duty, and that divine service be had in all of the Regts. But as it is now and has been raining for two days, there will be little chance for preaching out of doors.","I believe that I wrote you from Meecham's River Depot in Albemarle Co. A portion of the Regt. took the cars there for Staunton and the remainder marched on to the side of the Blue Ridge where they went on to the cars and got to Staunton about day, not having eaten anything or slept any since the night before. We stayed at Staunton that {night} and left the next day in this direction. We joined Genl. Johnson's (Alleghany) forces about six miles from Staunton. The enemy had one Regt at the east foot of the Shenandoah mountains near this place. This we came near surprising and taking with four pieces of their cannon. But they escaped, leaving all of their baggage and camp equipage and commissary stores in our hands. They fled cross the mountain to the western foot where they had two other Regts, which became alarmed \u0026 fled leaving everything, and all fell back to McDowell where their main body (Genl. Milroy in command) was stationed.","We then went into camp and on the morning of the 8th we moved towards McDowell. This is a village in Highland county about thirty miles from Staunton and ten from Monterey. Genl Johnson with his brigade was sent forward as the advance and our Brigade (10th, 23rd, and 37th Va. Vols) followed. When within about a mile of McDowell light skirmishing began, which was kept up till evening, we in the mean time having been halted about a mile in the rear. In the evening our advance Brigade and the enemy became engaged in a general fight and we were ordered forward at a double quick. A portion of the way over which we had to go was up a very rocky and brushy hollow, and when we reached our line of battle we were nearly out of breath. All along the way we were exposed to the enemy's file by their shooting at our advance and the balls striking among and around us. The whistling of the bullets excited my horse so much that he became unmanageable and I had to send him to the rear before I got upon the field. When I got on the field I asked the Genl. where my Regt. should be placed, when he said that the enemy were trying to turn our right flank over a brushy and thickly wooded ridge, and that the 31st Va. was there for the purpose of holding them back and that I must support the 31st. I at once double quicked into the woods. When I got there I found that I had but two companies (Capt. Terry's \u0026 Capt. Graham's) in consequence of my having hurried the front up the hollow so fast that they left the remainder behind and out of sight. One of the enemy's cannon was also brought to bear upon the Regt. which also embarrassed the rear. I did not know the position either of the 31st or the enemy in the woods, as they were not firing. The consequence was that I entered the woods between the two, but nearer the enemy.","I at once formed my two companies, gave them the order to raise a shout, which they did very lustily, and we charged down the hill right at the foe. They stood till we got within forty or fifty yards of them when they broke and fled and we opened fire upon them as they ran. We ran them entirely out of the woods. Our movement was so sudden and unexpected that the enemy seemed to be surprised and much frightened. It seemed like a bold move, but I think it was the best for my men, as I only lost two men wounded (one of them mortally) at this point. The remainder of the Regt. not knowing where I was went into the main fight when they came upon the field, but after a while a portion of them we ordered to join me in the woods which they did, but there being no enemy in the woods at this time I took them all back and entered the fight in the field.","It was nearly dark and we could only see the outlines of the enemy, which was soon lost \u0026 we had to fire by the flash of their guns. The fight lasted till 9 oclk at night, when the enemy withdrew leaving us in possession of the field. The ground selected by the foe was well chosen and particularly advantageous in a night fight. The enemy had been reinforced the day before by Genl Schenck with three or four thousand men, and they fought obstinately. At one time they approached through the bushes to within 20 yards of two of my companies, but were driven back, leaving their flag bearer and flag upon the field. This was an Ohio Rgt. (32nd). I had the wounded flag bearer taken up \u0026 sent back with my wounded, but I believe he died next day. The flag was so torn to pieces that my men took some of it and some other men some. Col. Campbell's Regt. got into the fight about dark and the remainder of his Brigade did not get in at all I believe. The Stonewall Brigade, being several miles off, did not get on the field till after the fight was over.","I lost forty men in killed and wounded. Some of the wounded have since died, and others are dangerous. Three have had their legs amputated. We stayed upon the field nearly all night gathering up and sending off the killed and wounded. The 12th Geo. Regt. suffered most terribly. They were in the advance and ordered to hold a very exposed position. They lost about 180 men killed and wounded. After their ammunition gave out, they lay down and held the place at the point of the bayonet. Many of my men got out of ammunition, but I had them to supply themselves from the boxes of the dead and wounded, and in that way kept them shooting. We had no cannon in the fight. After the dead were collected on the field and laid in rows of then or fifteen, the dim moonlight gave to their countenances an unusual unearthly appearance. Our loss in officers is heavy, and I think that our whole loss is not less than 400. Genl. Johnson was wounded. Col. Gibbons of the 10th was killed. He was one of the best men I ever saw. Maj. Campbell (James C.) was wounded before he got on the field, but I think not dangerously.","I cannot tell what the enemy's loss was. They left some on the field, some in McDowell and scattered along at other places. Immediately after the fight the enemy burned all their baggage and stores at McDowell and retreated. At daylight they had all gone, and we started in pursuit. We followed three days march and came up with their rear at Franklin in Pendleton Co. We skirmished with them over a day, when we were ordered back, I do not know for what cause. It was reported that Genl. Fremont had brought on reinforcements and that a portion of Rosencranz force had joined Milroy. But I do not know that these reasons influenced Genl. Jackson. I do not know where we are going to, but think that we will not go to Staunton.","I received your letter enclosing copies of Abe's \u0026 Arthur's. I am very anxious to hear what Abe's fate has been. Write about him and Ike. Mr. Carrington is going to preach, and I do not feel like writing more. He was struck by a spent ball in the fight, but it only made him sick for awhile. Write soon and direct to Staunton. My love to Mother and Selina. I have heard nothing from J. Vance since I last wrote.\nYour brother Saml. V. Fulkerson","Head Quarters 3 Brigade, Valley District  \nCamp near Winchester, VA\n28 May 1862","Sir-\nIn making my report of the part acted by the 3rd Brigade in the battle near Winchester on the 25th inst., I have to say that on the morning of the 24th the Brigade left its bivouac four miles south of Front Royal at daylight and marched to Middletown, and thence down the main valley Pike in the direction of Winchester. Owing to delay occasioned by the enemy's skirmishers embarrassing the advance of the head of the column, daylight cam upon us near Kernstown, after which we quickly advanced to the mills south of Winchester, at which time a vigorous fire was going on between our own and the enemy's batteries.","I was ordered to file my Brigade to the left of the Pike and take position under shelter of a hill for the purpose of supporting one of our batteries. I was also ordered to report to Genl. Winder who was already upon the ground. I placed the 23rd \u0026 37th Va. Vols in the position indicated, when Genl Winder ordered me to occupy a wooded hill in an adjoining field, with one Regt, which position he informed me, the enemy were on the move to occupy. I at once ordered Col. Warren with the 10th Va Vols to take position on the hill which he quickly did. In a short time Genl. Winder ordered me to place another Regt. on the hill with the 10th, when I ordered Maj. Williams to march the 37th there which he did with dispatch.","During all of the time of these movements, and in fact from the time when the Brigade first entered the field, it was exposed to a severe fire from the enemy's batteries and long range small arms. After these movements had been executed Col. Taliaferro was ordered to move the 23rd forward and charge a battery of the enemy in his front. He pushed forward with his Regt. in gallant style. But in the meantime Genl. Taylor's Louisiana Brigade had come upon the field, formed and moved in the direction of the enemy, coming up upon the left of Col. Taliaferro.  The 37th \u0026 10th followed immediately after Genl. Taylor's Brigade. On rushing the top of the ridge on which the enemy's batteries had been placed, a sharp musketry fire ensued, but soon a general charge was made by our whole line when the enemy gave way and fled precipitately through Winchester in the wildest confusion. We followed in immediate pursuit on the Martinsburg road, for four miles from Winchester, where we were halted. A list of the casualties is herewith furnished, from which it will be seen that the loss of the Brigade is, comparatively, very light.","Col. Taliaferro commanding the 23rd, Col Warren commanding the 10th and Maj. Williams commanding the 37th acted in the most gallant \u0026 efficient manner. I refer to the reports of Col. Taliaferro, Col. Warren, \u0026 Maj. Williams for the conduct of the officers \u0026 men of their respective Regts. I with pride bear testimony to the gallant conduct of the whole Brigade both officers and men.","I am indebted to Capt. Wm. B. Pendleton A.A.A. Genl. for his gallant conduct and prompt and cheerful manner with which he executed my orders. Capt Wooding's battery was not placed in position during the day. Respectfully\nSaml V. Fulkerson\nCol. Comd. Brigd.","Port Republic, Rockingham Co. \n8 [June] 1862","Dear Kate\nThe place at which this letter is written is a pretty village near the foot of the Blue Ridge and about twelve miles from Harrisonburg, at the junction of the North and South Rivers, which form the Shenandoah.","I wrote you last from Winchester shortly after our arrival there, giving you an account of our march and proceedings up to that time. Since then we have undergone and almost incredible amount of hardship. We stayed at Winchester two days after taking the place and then proceeded to Charles Town and Harper's Ferry. We found a few of the enemy at Charles Town, but soon drove them down to the Ferry, where they made a stand having been largely re-enforced from Washington \u0026 elsewhere. The enemy were in position on Bolivar Heights on the Va. side and on the heights on the Maryland side of the river. Both of these positions had been fortified by Genl. Johnston last summer.","A portion of our forces crossed the Shenandoah river and took possession of Louden Heights. This was in the evening, a brisk cannonading going on, which was renewed the next morning, and continued till the enemy was driven from the Bolivar across the Potomac. About this time Genl. Jackson received information that Genl. Shields was crossing the Blue Ridge and Genl. Fremont was coming from Moorfield to form a junction at Strasburg and thus cut us off. This placed us in the hardest place that we have ever yet been. Genl. Jackson immediately ordered us to march back. We had about fifty miles to make to pass Strasburg, and our men were already terribly broken down by continued and hard marching. We marched to our camps near Winchester that night and next morning at day light started to Strasburg, which we reached before night. We had now marched about 70 miles in less than three days, in going to and returning from Harpers Ferry.","Gen. Shields was now at [Front] Port Royal, some 8 or 9 miles from Strasburg, and Genl. Fremont was 7 miles from Strasburg on the Moorefield road. So you see that we had only a gap of about 15 miles wide to get out at. During Saturday night I received an order from Genl. Jackson (I was still in command of our Brigade) to proceed next morning (Sunday) at daylight, some two or three miles on the Moorefield road, take position and resist the advance of the enemy. Before I could get a position, our scouts informed me that the enemy was advancing, when I hurried forward to a suitable position, and made disposition of my own and two other Brigades which were for the time under my command.","I sent forward a company of cavalry, which soon returned at the top of their speed with the enemy's cavalry close after them. We drove these back, but in a very short time the enemy's infantry came down the road and through the woods at double quick, and when they got within range halted and opened a brisk fire upon us, which was kept up for some time when they were driven back again. By this time Gen. Ewell came upon the field and assumed command of the whole. After the enemy's infantry were driven back, they placed two pieces of cannon in position and the two forces kept up a very pretty and brisk artillery duel for an hour or more, when the enemy withdrew from the field. After this Genl Jackson came out and said that he did not want to bring on a general engagement then, and ordered us to fall back towards Strasburg. I do not think that we had more than 10 or 15 men killed and wounded. My Regt. had none hurt.","[At this point, according to the sentence below, the date is now June 10th]\nA little after dark we left Strasburg for Woodstock to which place the waggon had been sent, and we had a terrible march. (This writing above was suddenly stopped about 8 oclk on Sunday morning last by the enemies cannon, and I will now try to finish on this the 10th). We got to Woodstock about daylight, all broken completely down and seemingly half dead. We were dogged all night by the enemy's cavalry, and I know that they picked up many of our broken down stragglers. I have between thirty and forty men missing, most I fear were taken. It is not to be wondered at. Many of the poor fellows actually walked much of that weary night, fast asleep, so worn out and exhausted were they with their terrible duty. I do not think that our Genl. exercised due diligence in getting his captured stores to a secure place. There was a vast amount of them, the greater portion of which he saved. But Genl. Shields made his appearance so suddenly at Front Royal that a portion of the stores captured there were retaken together with some of our wagons.","We marched from Woodstock to near Harrisonburg, and the next day to near Port Republic, which place we reached on Saturday evening. I thought the next day, being Sunday, that we would rest, and I began to write this letter, when I was stopped by the roar of cannon down at the town. The town is located in the fork of the two rivers, the north and larger branch being bridged, the other not. The enemy's cavalry had dashed into town, with two pieces of artillery, one of which they planted at the end of the bridge, and with a third they began a fire from the opposite side of the river. Genl Jackson was in town and was taken completely by surprise and came near being captured.","We were camped about three quarters of a mile from town on the north side of the river. The enemy (Genl Shields force) had come up the river on the south side from Elk Run. In a very short time we were ordered to double quick to the bridge. My Regt. was just in the act of forming for inspection, and we got the start of the others. We passed through a wheat field with the enemy's gun from the other side of the river playing upon us. When we got to the top of the hill near the bridge the gun at the other end opened with grape upon us. My men returned the fire, when Genl. Jackson ordered me to charge through the bridge and take the gun. I led off and my men followed. We rushed through the bridge, captured the gun, and pursued the enemy through the town and until he crossed the south branch. I could have captured the other cannon in town, but I did not know of but one ford. We rushed to that, but found the enemy crossing higher up. We opened fire on them, killing some horses and two or three men and taking six or eight prisoners.","Charging in at one end of a bridge with a cannon yawning in at the other is no very pleasant past time. But my men went in so well, that it elicited the praise of the Genl. and all who witnessed it. When we got to the cannon, the smoke of the last fire was still issuing from its mouth. We charged them so quickly and so vigorously that my loss was little. Yancey Smith (brother of the Capt) of Russell was killed, and Sergt. E. Johnson and Walter James of Capt. Terry's company each had a thigh badly broken. I fear that Johnson is mortally wounded. We had put some of our artillery in position, which soon silenced the enemy's guns on the opposite side of the river, and drove them back, and they did not again advance on that day.","While this was going on, Genl. Fremont made an attack on our forces next to Harrisonburg. Our Brigade was ordered to hold the bridge and town against Genl. Shields, which we did, but could hear the fight on the other side, which lasted till nearly night with heavy loss on both sides. Our loss in officers was considerable. Genls Elzey \u0026 Stewart were wounded, though I think not dangerously. Our men drove the enemy back about a mile and held possession of the field during the night, having captured more than 100 prisoners.","On our march the day before from Harrisonburg, Fremont pressed our rear very hardly, and our protection subjected us to the heaviest and saddest loss that we have sustained in the valley. Ashby (but a short time a Brigadier) was killed. He had just made a brilliant charge on the enemy, capturing a Col, Maj., and a number of prisoners. Afterwards and about dark he was leading on foot (his horse having been killed), on Infantry Regt. when he was shot through the heart, and the saddest part of it is, that it is generally believed that he was shot by our own men. He was the most gallant man I ever saw, and withal a good man. When Ashby was between us and the enemy we felt perfectly secure against any surprise, and he was always on the enemy's heels. They had great fear of him. He kept them in constant dread. His place cannot be filled, and his death cast a gloom over the whole army. He had performed more feats of daring and had done more hard and perilous service than any man in the army.","As I have placed Sundays proceedings before Saturday, I will now pass over to Monday. During Sunday our train had been sent on the road towards Waynesboro in Augusta Co. But on Sunday night Genl. Jackson threw a foot bridge across the north branch, ordered his train to turn back and take the road through Brown's Gap into Albemarle, and by a little after sun rise he had the greater portion of his army across the foot bridge and marching against Genl. Shields force, which camped the night before in sight of us about three miles off. Our Brigade and Genl. Trimble's were ordered to hold the large bridge and to resist the advance of Fremont. Our force and Shield's soon became hotly engaged, and the fight became a very hard one. Our men were being severely pressed and suffering a great loss, when Genl Jackson galloped back and ordered me to move forward my Regt at double quick, which I did. He also had the other two Regt of the Brigade ordered forward.","When I got upon the field, and was putting my men in position for action, the enemy gave way and we rushed forward, passing his battery which he abandoned, having first killed all the horses. In coming up we received a sharp fire. The enemy rallied and partially formed, but we kept on and they gave way again, and commenced a general run, and scatterment. My Regt happened to get in advance, and hounds never pursued a fox with more eagerness than they pursued the flying yankees. Some kept the road and some took the bushes, all intent on capturing a yankee. We captured about 400 prisoners most of whom were taken by my men, among them a number of officers from Col down. We also captured two Regimental flags, all of the enemies artillery (seven or eight guns), all of his ambulances \u0026 c., and a number of small arms.","The Infantry followed about six miles, and the cavalry having come up followed about six further. My men performed many individual acts of bravery one of which I notice, and you may send it to the Abingdon paper for publication. The rout was complete and entire. The prisoners say that Genl. Shields was not present, but that Genl Tyler was in command. We captured a number of our old acquaintances, the 5th Ohio, and our boys were glad to meet with them. After our Brigade crossed the north branch, Genl. Trimble crossed the large bridge and then set fire to it \u0026 burned it down. In a short time Genl. Fremont appeared at the burnt bridge, but could do nothing but listen to the fight and pursuit. On our return from the pursuit we quietly passed within plain view of Genl Fremont's camp, and marched to this place on the Blue Ridge, where we are staying today.","Our camp extends back to within four or five miles of Port Republic. Men were worse mangled in this fight than any that I have been in. Heads \u0026 limbs off and bodies torn open were frequent sights for several miles.","On Sunday night Capt. Jno. Preston \u0026 Lieut. Jno Humes with fifty men were sent out on picket and were left out when we went into the fight on Monday. After Fremont made his appearance I sent back my Regt to bring in the picket, but he thought that he could not get to them, and come back about midnight last night. I have heard nothing from them since, but think and hope that they have gone to Staunton or Waynesboro, about 18 miles off. I am not in the habit of gathering spoils on the field, but one of me brought me a Col's horse, saddle, bridle \u0026 c. Another gave me a very pretty sword. The horse belonged to Col. Lewis of Pa. He has been a fine horse, but is getting old and is not a good riding horse. I also got the Col's Regimental flag.","You will see from this narrative that we have had a very active and exciting time. We have fought on three Sundays in succession, which will do pretty well for a religious Genl. I got Selina's letter the other day \u0026 will write her when I can. Write soon to Staunton. Don't know when we will go next. Love to Mother \u0026 Selina.\nYour brother\nS.V. Fulkerson","Mr. F.M. Fulkerson","Sir-\nIn reply to your letter of the 7th ult. permit me to say that Col. S.V. Fulkerson was an officer of distinguished worth. I deeply felt his death. He rendered valuable service to his country, and had he lived, would probably have been recommended by me before this time for a brigadier generalcy. So far as my knowledge extends, he enjoyed the confidence of his regiment and all who knew him.","I am Sir your obdt. servt \nT.J. Jackson","V.M. Institute June 4th 1853","Dear Sister,\nI recd your letter the 28th of May. I was very glad to hear that were so well pleased with your school. I suppose that you will come home before you teach another session if you do so at all, Father wrote to me the other day for the first time, they are all well at home Father has sold his mare and bought a buggy, I suppose that he will quit riding horse back and splurge in his buggy for a while, your old Mister Brown was kicked by a horse the other day and broke his leg, his family had bad luck lately.","We will have a great ball on the if nothing happens they are prepareing tolerably rapidly now, the tickets came yesterday. I sent you one of them, I know you will be certain to come or else I would not send it to you","The examination will commence the 20th of June, Sam is on the Board again they meet about the 15th, I have some faint hopes of passing, but it is verry doubtful  I tell you, you must write to me oftener","Your affectionate Brother\nAbram Fulkerson","Virginia Military Institute\nApr 14 1854","Dear Mother\nI recd your letter a few days ago or weeks I am not certain which but however I have not had time to answer it until to day.","I have nothing very new or of much importance to write to you. Circuit court is going on at present in Lexington They are trying Christian the man that killed Cadet Blackburn  there has been a great deal of excitement with the people since it commenced  there is a great many of C. friends attending the trial. I suppose from all accounts that he will be hung","There was another murder committed in town a few weeks ago almost as bad as B's, a man by the name of Winn killed the proprietor of the Washington Hotel, his name was Moore they had a falling out the day he was killed some five or six hours before the fight occurred.  Winn went to his (Moore's) house that night about ten o'clock and called him out into the street + stabbed him through the heart with a knife the knife cut his heart very near into two pieces. He died in a few minutes afterwards. There is two other men in jail for shooting men besides all of this there was a negro hung in Lexington a few weeks ago for the same offence, but it did not appear to have much affect. It seems like Lexington is going to turn out to be one of the most corrupt and immoral places in the State of Virginia.","Virginia wrote to me a few days ago. Sister Alice and the children are all well.  Virginia say she likes her new home very well considering the short time that she has been there.  She did not say whether she was going to school any more at Rogersville or not.","I wrote to Sam sometime ago to know whether I had better go home this summer or put it off until next. He says he thinks I had better stay another year before I go home and indeed I thought so myself  was the reason I wrote to him about it. Therefore I will not have the opportunity of coming home til next July year. I would be very glad if I could come next year but taking every thing into consideration I think it will be best to stay here another year.","I heard from Catherine lately. She is getting along about as common I believe I understand that Frank is going to marry before long. But I do not know whether it is true or not. Dr. Walker's son was here the other day on his way home from Philadelphia. He has been taking medical lessons there, I had a long talk with him.  e stayed in town one day and night. I must bring my letter to a close as I have nothing more to write, tell Balf and Jim to write to me.","Your affectionate Son,\nA. Fulkerson","Cumberland Gap\nMay 18, 1863\n \nMy dear wife-\nYour last kind letter was recd by friday's mail. Your dear letters are my greatest pleasure and do away in a great measure with the horror of separation. The frequency with which we can communicate with each other is a rich blessing and brings us as if we're almost together.","One of our pickets came in the other day and reported that a Mr. Davis was at the lines and desired to enter. This report took me very much by surprise, for although you had mentioned the probability of his coming yet I did not look for him. He only stayed a few hours. After dinner (a very poor one without apology to him) I went [around] to show him some of the curiosities of Cumberland Gap, which he seemed to think would compensate any one for making the visit. He went back up the valley and expected to get home by Wednesday next. Will see you Sunday, if not sooner.","The intelligence of the death of Gen. Jackson came upon us like a shock. We feel that his death is a national calamity. The poorest soldiers among us appreciated his worth - loved the man, and mourn his loss. I knew him well.1  He was my preceptor for more than four years and whilst during that time I did not appreciate the man, as school [schoolboys?]are not like to do, yet I always had great reverence for the man on account of his piety \u0026 uprightness of character. Among the many heroes of this revolution, none have lived so much adored, none have died so much deplored, and none have left a character as spotless as that of Stonewall Jackson. Could his life have been spared till the close of this cruel war, the unanimous voice of a grateful people would have proclaimed him chief ruler of the nation. But God has seen proper to take him from us, and what He does is right and for the best. It is [illegible] therefore that we make the sacrifice cheerfully, th'o we cannot see why our country should be deprived of his services at his her hour of greatest need.","I have no news of importance more than you will see in the papers. The news from Ky is vague and unreliable. It is reported and believed that there are three or four Regmts at Barboursville, 30 miles distant. That Burnsides is preparing to invade E. Tenn. on a large scale there seems no longer to be any doubt. A southern woman the wife of a Lincolnite told Mrs. Patterson today that a runner had just come across the mountain to tell the Union people, they must stay at home, that the Feds would be in, in about three weeks, that where they were found absent it would be an evidence of disloyalty. I will not be surprised if they make an effort about that time.","Mr. Patterson started to the R.R. today - is going to the salt works. I asked him to stop and see you all, but he would not promise. No prospect of any goods yet. Do you want any money? When you need money or any thing else you must not fail to let me know. My love to mother \u0026 Kate. Write often,\nYour affectionate husband\nAF","Field Officers Barracks, Ft. Delaware May 7 1865","My dear wife","I have not heard directly from you since the 4th of Feb. Your letter was directed to Ft. Pulaski. I received on my way here at Hilton Head S.C. Since that time we have passed through the most eventful period of the war. The closing scenes are being enacted, and with hearts overwhelmed with grief \u0026 sadness we bow in deep humiliation in their contemplation. The present, thank God, is only the \"beginning of the end.\" The military power of the South is broken, the spirit is not. The ball has been put in motion by the people of the South, an impetus has been given it, which will eventually result in the destruction of the U.S. Government and if not in the independence of the South, certainly in the disenthrallment of her people. Ten years will see us under the protecting wing of a foreign power, or independent.","I expect to meet you soon, not crowned with the laurels of victory but with the oath crammed down my throat, a quiescent citizen of the United States. I have the sweet consolation of being conscious of having served the cause faithfully. I sacrificed everything but life, and hazarded that, many times \u0026 in many ways, in behalf of my country. I have not the slightest fear that any man can ever point at me the finger of scorn and say \"you done it.\" I have performed my duty and now abandon the cause as (at present) hopeless, without in the least having changed my opinion as to the justness of that cause. I go now to share with the people of the south the deep humiliation which will be dictated by yankee vindictiveness.","I have heard from you thr'o your father up to March 1st. Receive letters from him often. Says he will send you money \u0026 c thr'o Mr. Armstrong. Hope you may have no difficulty in getting along. I cannot tell when I will be released, but probably soon. My love to Kate. Tell the boy, I'll be home soon. Your affect. husband. A. Fulkerson P.W.","Officers Barracks \nFt. Delaware \nMay 13, 1865","My dear wife-\nYour esteemed letter of the 17th April, via Knoxville reached me a few days since. I cannot express my gratification at learning that you were all well, and living. The terrible events which have transpired in the Confederacy within the past two months, and my great anxiety about you, taken together, had rendered me very unhappy, indeed wretched.","The last letter but one from you was dated 4th Feb and recd at Hilton Head S.C. the day after our departure from Ft. Pulaski. I have written you several times since my arrival here, via Richmond. About a week ago I sent you a letter to the care of Mr. Armstrong, but as I was in a very unhappy humor about them \"Cause\" it is probable that much that I said was too harsh and \"contraband\" and caused the\"confiscation\" of the letter.","We left Ft. Pulaski on the 4th March, ordered by Genrl. Grant to be exchanged. When we reached Old Point active operations had commenced on the James, were sent here. The result of the campaign was disastrous to our aims. It has ended our hopes for exchange, if not for liberty itself. I cannot talk about our misfortunes in a letter, but must wait till I see you. It seems at present, that the only means of getting out of prison, is by taking the oath. It is probable therefore I will return to you soon, not crowned with victorious laurels, but as a loyal subject (overpowered) of the U.S. I do not know whether you would recognize me as a citizen or not, perhaps you may, if necessity forces it upon me.","I hear from your father often. He wrote me he was making arrangements to send you money \u0026 clothing th'ro Mr. Armstrong. I hope it will not be inconvenient for Kate to keep you with her til I am released. My health is now very good. Your affectionate husband. A. Fulkerson. \nLove to Mrs. H and the boy (as you may not receive this for months, I will say our boy)"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFulkerson Family papers, 1835-1925. MS 0363. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Fulkerson Family papers, 1835-1925. MS 0363. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of related to three members of the Fulkerson family: Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1822-1862), his brother Abram Fulkerson, Jr.          (1834-1902), and Abram's son, Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1863-1926). Significant items include:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCivil War correspondence (dated March-May 1862) written by Samuel V. Fulkerson (1822-1862)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSamuel V. Fulkerson's (1822-1862) reports of the Battle of McDowell and the Battle of Winchester (dated May and June 1862)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWartime correspondence (dated 1863 and 1865) written by Abram Fulkerson, Jr. Two letters were written while he was a prisoner of war.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA letter of appreciation (dated September 1862) written by General Stonewall Jackson following Samuel V. Fulkerson's (1822-1862) death in battle\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nIn addition to the battles mentioned above, topics include:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBattles of Port Republic and Kernstown\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeath of Turner Ashby\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRefugee and civilian life\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCamp life\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReferences to Stonewall Jackson, including Samuel V. Fulkerson's (1822-1862 assessment of his character and Abram Fulkerson, Jr.'s reflections following the Jackson's death\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nAlso included are biographical and genealogical material, business and financial papers of Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1863-1926), and family correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Estillville, Scott County, Virginia. Topics include family news and talks of Abram Fulkerson, Jr.'s first days at VMI and encourages him to study, stating \"you now have a chance of getting a better education and of\ndoing more for yourself than any of your brothers have ever had an opportunity of getting or doing for themselves, and if you do not turn you chance to good advantage it will be your own fault.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Jonesville, Lee County, Virginia. Topics include Abram Fulkerson, Jr.'s progress at VMI and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Jonesville, Lee County, Virginia. Letter regards VMI examinations and grades. Samuel V. Fulkerson warns Abram Fulkerson, Jr. about the excessive number of demerits and cautions about leaving school, stating \"I do not like to hear you expressing a desire to resign. You know that a great part of your expense is paid by the state, and that you have undertaken to teach two years in the state as a sort of recompense. You will not forget this obligation.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Jonesville, Lee County, Virginia. Letter regards VMI finances and Abram Fulkerson, Jr.'s \"unkind conduct.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regards a recent trip and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards Civil War news and concerns for family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from camp near New Market, Virginia. Letter regards the Battle of Kernstown, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReport after the Battle of McDowell, Virginia. The report discusses the participation of 37th Virginia Regiment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Augusta County, Virginia. Letter regards troop movements and a recent battle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReport written to Major R. L. Dabney. The report discusses the participation of 37th Virginia Regiment in the Battle of Winchester, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypescript copy. The letter discusses the character of General Stonewall Jackson and the events at the Battle of Port Republic, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the letter, Stonewall Jackson extends condolences after the death of Samuel V. Fulkerson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAppointment to the VMI Board of Visitors (1853) and to judgeship (1857).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes letters two letters and one letter fragment written while Abram Fulkerson, Jr. was a cadet at VMI and three letters written during his Civil War service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news, the military ball, and exams. The letter includes an invitation to the military ball.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and the trial of Charles Christian for the murder of Cadet Thomas Blackburn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Cumberland Gap. Letter regards the death of General Stonewall Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Delaware Prison. Letter regards end of the Civil War and defeat of the South.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Fort Delaware Prison. Letter regards end of the Civil War and being exchanged.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains financial and business papers, and genealogical information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of three items of correspondence, including:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLetter from Margaret Fulkerson (Vance) to Mrs. Jane Preston (dated October 24, 1835)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLetter from J. S. Bradley to his cousin Harriet Fulkerson (dated July 24, 1847)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLetter from Dolly Bradley to Harriet Fulkerson (dated February 27, 1848) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of related to three members of the Fulkerson family: Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1822-1862), his brother Abram Fulkerson, Jr.          (1834-1902), and Abram's son, Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1863-1926). Significant items include:\n\nCivil War correspondence (dated March-May 1862) written by Samuel V. Fulkerson (1822-1862)\nSamuel V. Fulkerson's (1822-1862) reports of the Battle of McDowell and the Battle of Winchester (dated May and June 1862)\nWartime correspondence (dated 1863 and 1865) written by Abram Fulkerson, Jr. Two letters were written while he was a prisoner of war.\nA letter of appreciation (dated September 1862) written by General Stonewall Jackson following Samuel V. Fulkerson's (1822-1862) death in battle\n\nIn addition to the battles mentioned above, topics include:\n\nBattles of Port Republic and Kernstown\nDeath of Turner Ashby\nRefugee and civilian life\nCamp life\nReferences to Stonewall Jackson, including Samuel V. Fulkerson's (1822-1862 assessment of his character and Abram Fulkerson, Jr.'s reflections following the Jackson's death\n\nAlso included are biographical and genealogical material, business and financial papers of Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1863-1926), and family correspondence.","Written from Estillville, Scott County, Virginia. Topics include family news and talks of Abram Fulkerson, Jr.'s first days at VMI and encourages him to study, stating \"you now have a chance of getting a better education and of\ndoing more for yourself than any of your brothers have ever had an opportunity of getting or doing for themselves, and if you do not turn you chance to good advantage it will be your own fault.\"","Written from Jonesville, Lee County, Virginia. Topics include Abram Fulkerson, Jr.'s progress at VMI and family news.","Written from Jonesville, Lee County, Virginia. Letter regards VMI examinations and grades. Samuel V. Fulkerson warns Abram Fulkerson, Jr. about the excessive number of demerits and cautions about leaving school, stating \"I do not like to hear you expressing a desire to resign. You know that a great part of your expense is paid by the state, and that you have undertaken to teach two years in the state as a sort of recompense. You will not forget this obligation.\"","Written from Jonesville, Lee County, Virginia. Letter regards VMI finances and Abram Fulkerson, Jr.'s \"unkind conduct.\"","Letter regards a recent trip and family news.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter regards Civil War news and concerns for family.","Written from camp near New Market, Virginia. Letter regards the Battle of Kernstown, Virginia.","Report after the Battle of McDowell, Virginia. The report discusses the participation of 37th Virginia Regiment.","Written from Augusta County, Virginia. Letter regards troop movements and a recent battle.","Report written to Major R. L. Dabney. The report discusses the participation of 37th Virginia Regiment in the Battle of Winchester, Virginia.","Typescript copy. The letter discusses the character of General Stonewall Jackson and the events at the Battle of Port Republic, Virginia.","In the letter, Stonewall Jackson extends condolences after the death of Samuel V. Fulkerson.","Appointment to the VMI Board of Visitors (1853) and to judgeship (1857).","This series includes letters two letters and one letter fragment written while Abram Fulkerson, Jr. was a cadet at VMI and three letters written during his Civil War service.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news, the military ball, and exams. The letter includes an invitation to the military ball.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards family news and the trial of Charles Christian for the murder of Cadet Thomas Blackburn.","Written from Cumberland Gap. Letter regards the death of General Stonewall Jackson.","Written from Fort Delaware Prison. Letter regards end of the Civil War and defeat of the South.","Written from Fort Delaware Prison. Letter regards end of the Civil War and being exchanged.","This series contains financial and business papers, and genealogical information.","This series consists of three items of correspondence, including:\n\nLetter from Margaret Fulkerson (Vance) to Mrs. Jane Preston (dated October 24, 1835)\nLetter from J. S. Bradley to his cousin Harriet Fulkerson (dated July 24, 1847)\nLetter from Dolly Bradley to Harriet Fulkerson (dated February 27, 1848)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_037e0e501ef493707a01e4a9bf4b0596\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Fulkerson, Samuel V. (Samuel Vance), 1822-1862","Fulkerson, Samuel V. (Samuel Vance), 1863-1926","Fulkerson, Abram, Jr., 1834-1902","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862","Williams, Titus V. (Titus Vespasian), 1835-1908","Blackburn, Thomas, 1834-1854"],"names_coll_ssim":["Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Fulkerson, Samuel V. (Samuel Vance), 1822-1862","Fulkerson, Samuel V. (Samuel Vance), 1863-1926","Fulkerson, Abram, Jr., 1834-1902","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862","Williams, Titus V. (Titus Vespasian), 1835-1908","Blackburn, Thomas, 1834-1854"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":25,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_596_c02"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38_c04_c06","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Academic Departments, Annual Reports, 19th century, 1843/1899","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38_c04_c06#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eA chronological file, 1843-1848; 1865-1899, containing examples of academic department annual reports from the 19th century. These reports from the various academic departments were submitted to the Superintendent and help to document the early academic history of the Institute. This file includes early reports by John T. L. Preston (Languages), and Thomas H. Williamson (Engineering), as well as reports by other early faculty members. The series has many gaps; for example, none from the 1850's. The reports reflect some subjects that are no longer taught, e.g., Latin, drawing, mineralogy. 1 box\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38_c04_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38_c04_c06","ref_ssm":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38_c04_c06"],"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38_c04_c06","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38_c04","parent_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38_c04","parent_ssim":["Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889, 1839/1889","Superintendent, Subject Files, 1839-1884 (Francis H. Smith), 1839/1884"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38","vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Academic Departments, Annual Reports, 19th century","title_ssm":["Academic Departments, Annual Reports, 19th century"],"title_tesim":["Academic Departments, Annual Reports, 19th century"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Academic Departments, Annual Reports, 19th century, 1843/1899"],"text":["Academic Departments, Annual Reports, 19th century, 1843/1899","Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889, 1839/1889","Superintendent, Subject Files, 1839-1884 (Francis H. Smith), 1839/1884","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Virginia Military Institute—Curricula","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century","English","A chronological file, 1843-1848; 1865-1899, containing examples of academic department annual reports from the 19th century. These reports from the various academic departments were submitted to the Superintendent and help to document the early academic history of the Institute.  This file includes early reports by John T. L. Preston (Languages), and Thomas H. Williamson (Engineering), as well as reports by other early faculty members.  The series has many gaps; for example, none from the 1850's. The reports reflect some subjects that are no longer taught, e.g., Latin, drawing, mineralogy. 1 box"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889, 1839/1889","Superintendent, Subject Files, 1839-1884 (Francis H. Smith), 1839/1884"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889, 1839/1889","Superintendent, Subject Files, 1839-1884 (Francis H. Smith), 1839/1884"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1843/1899"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1843-1848; 1865-1899"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":11,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889, 1839/1889"],"extent_ssm":[".50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":[".50 Linear Feet"],"creator_ssim":["Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions; fragile and oversized items may have copying or scanning limitations.","Collections in the VMI Archives are made available for noncommercial educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"persname_ssim":["Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890"],"names_ssim":["Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Curricula","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Curricula","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century"],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA chronological file, 1843-1848; 1865-1899, containing examples of academic department annual reports from the 19th century. These reports from the various academic departments were submitted to the Superintendent and help to document the early academic history of the Institute.  This file includes early reports by John T. L. Preston (Languages), and Thomas H. Williamson (Engineering), as well as reports by other early faculty members.  The series has many gaps; for example, none from the 1850's. The reports reflect some subjects that are no longer taught, e.g., Latin, drawing, mineralogy. 1 box\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A chronological file, 1843-1848; 1865-1899, containing examples of academic department annual reports from the 19th century. These reports from the various academic departments were submitted to the Superintendent and help to document the early academic history of the Institute.  This file includes early reports by John T. L. Preston (Languages), and Thomas H. Williamson (Engineering), as well as reports by other early faculty members.  The series has many gaps; for example, none from the 1850's. The reports reflect some subjects that are no longer taught, e.g., Latin, drawing, mineralogy. 1 box"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#5","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_38.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00084.xml","title_ssm":["Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889"],"title_tesim":["Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889"],"unitdate_ssm":["1839-1889"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1839-1889"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1839/1889"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889, 1839/1889"],"text":["Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889, 1839/1889","RG.02.01-SmithFH","/repositories/3/resources/38","Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Military education -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Military schools -- Southern States","Correspondence","There are no restrictions","Some items from the Smith papers are available online.","Some annual reports from the Smith administration are available online","An annotated full text transcription is available online","This item is available online","Francis H. Smith served for fifty years (1839-1889) as VMI's first Superintendent. Smith was born in 1812, graduated from West Point in 1833, and came to Lexington, Virginia in 1839 to lead the newly established Virginia Military Institute. He died in March 1890, a few months after his retirement as Superintendent. He was known as the builder and --after the Civil War-- rebuilder of VMI. His official correspondence spans the period 1839-1889, with few gaps. The Civil War era and earlier letters survived Gen. David Hunter's destruction of many Institute buildings in June 1864. Smith corresponded with the notable military, educational, and political leaders of his time, making the correspondence a rich resource for scholars.","In 1858, after nearly twenty years as Superintendent of the Virginia Military Institute, Francis H. Smith needed some time off. Consequently, he was granted a leave of absence by the VMI Board of Visitors to travel to Europe to visit military, scientific, and agricultural institutions and to write a report on his findings upon his return.","Smith and several young alumni departed on the 9th of June and returned at the end of December 1858 having visited Ireland, Scotland, Wales, England, France, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, and Italy. Each night, he wrote a letter home to his wife Sara describing what he had seen and experienced that day. These letters, possibly Smith's only personal correspondence that has survived, were transcribed into three small letter books on his return.","Over the years, the three volumes passed down through the Smith family, but sadly one was lost. Col. Edwin Dooley, a historian who has done extensive research on Smith, transcribed and annotated the two surviving letter books covering Smith's travels through the United Kingdom and France.","The original letter books were transcribed and annotated by Edwin L. Dooley, Jr.","Annual and Special Reports of the Superintendent","Report on Scientific Education in Europe","These files constitute the major record series generated by the office of Francis H. Smith, VMI's first Superintendent. He served from 1839-1889. The records, (ca. 30 linear feet) consist of incoming and outgoing correspondence, order books, speeches and publications, annual reports, personal file, and subject files.","Incoming correspondence of VMI's first Superintendent, Francis H. Smith, for the period 1839-1870.  The original 19th century  filing order has been retained.  Each incoming letter was assigned a number by Smith's secretary; these letters were then filed numerically by letter number within each year.  Some years were further broken down into alphabetical sections (A-K; L-Z etc.) and thus have more multiple numerical sequences within an individual year.  It is therefore the case that some years have more than one letter number 1, 2 etc.  Some letters for the year 1870 are missing; occasional other missing letters are identifed on the index; however the series is largely complete.\n \nThese letters are indexed by name of sender.  \nOutgoing letters for the period are located in bound letter books, which are arranged chronologically.","Francis H. Smith incoming correspondence, 1885-1889.  These letters are no longer filed in the numbered sequence that was used for the period 1839-1870;  they are filed alphabetically within each year.   Corresponding outgoing letters are located in separate  letter books for the period.  Incoming correspondence for the period 1871-1884, except for a few miscellaneous items, is not extant.  This was noted by William Couper in the 1930's, and it is not know at what point or under what circumstances the incoming letters for this period were lost.  Outgoing letters for 1871-1884 are extant.","The outgoing letterbooks (bound volumes) of VMI's first Superintendent Francis H. Smith, who served from 1839-1889. There are no outgoing letters from 1864 August 9-1865 October 30.","Virginia Military Institute printed circular, signed in ink by Superintendent Francis H. Smith, petitioning alumni for donations of \"Curiousities, both literary and natural\" to help establish a Museum at VMI. This examples is dated February 27, 1845, and addressed to William S. Beale, a member of the Class of 1843.","Also mentions addition to Barracks, new Gun House, Society of Cadets Hall, and Library.","Subject Files maintained by the office of VMI's first Superintendent, Francis H. Smith","Applications and letters of recommendations for students applying to VMI, 1839-1864 (gaps).  Includes successful and unsuccessful applicants and some who were accepted but never matriculated.  5 boxes","Faculty applications, historical. Letters of application and supporting letters of recommendation submitted for several faculty and staff positions.  Includes positions of Professor of Modern Languages, Physical Sciences, Steward, Quartermaster.  This file only relates to a few specific positions. 1839-1860; 1884.","Washington College (now Washington and Lee University). Several items, 1845, concerning a complaint lodged by Washington College  against VMI, which ultimately led to a severance of academic ties between the two institutions.   Prof. George Dodd Armstrong represented the College on this issue.  For a full account, see the book 100 Years at VMI (William Couper), vol. 1, pps. 139-147.\nThe file also includes one unrelated  document from 1860.","Includes letter from Francis H. Smith to Dr. Galt inviting him to the statue dedication;  original manuscript of remarks made at the Washington Statue dedication on July 3, 1856 by William B. Taliaferro, Revd. John H. Bowcock,  Francis H. Smith. Information (photocopies, 1864-1866) concerning the confiscation of the statue by Gen. Hunter's troops and its return from West Virginia in 1866, including copies of letters from David H. Strother of Gen. Hunter's staff.","Misc. Later documents (post-Smith era) re: Statue","19th century legal documents.  Records of VMI attorneys Letcher, Maury and Letcher relating to collection of cadet debts after Civil War, 1871-1873","A chronological file, 1843-1848; 1865-1899, containing examples of academic department annual reports from the 19th century. These reports from the various academic departments were submitted to the Superintendent and help to document the early academic history of the Institute.  This file includes early reports by John T. L. Preston (Languages), and Thomas H. Williamson (Engineering), as well as reports by other early faculty members.  The series has many gaps; for example, none from the 1850's. The reports reflect some subjects that are no longer taught, e.g., Latin, drawing, mineralogy. 1 box","Three page memorandum of agreement (July 13, 1870) between sculptor Frederick Volck and VMI Superintendent Francis H. Smith.  Volck was to complete a bronze equestrian statue of Gen. Thomas J. Jackson, but the project was never finished.  (See the book \"One Hundred Years at VMI\" by William Couper,  vol 3, p. 212, for an account of Volck's relationship with VMI).","Biographical material and miscellaneous Smith and Smith family personal papers.","Francis H. Smith individual biographical file, compiled over decades.  Contains biographical and genealogical information, clippings, articles and other general information relating to Francis H. Smith and his family.","Unpublished typescript by Francis H. Smith III.  This is the only full length biography of Francis H. Smith and is a useful source for information not found elsewhere.","Miscellaneous Francis H. Smith and Smith family personal records. Includes 2 volumes of personal letters written while on his trip to Europe in 1858, along with a scrapbook containing engravings of places visited; misc. personal correspondence, including one letter from Scott Shipp thanking Smith for his condolences upon the death of Shipp's wife.","The United States Military Academy diploma awarded to Francis H. Smith in 1833.  The ink is badly faded.  Bears the signature of President Andrew Jackson.","Oversized case 9","U. S. Army commission document signed in 1834; commission as Second Lieutenant to date from November 1833.","Edwin L. Dooley, Jr., former Executive Assistant to the Superintendent and Secretary to the Board of Visitors, is also a historian who has studied Francis H. Smith in depth.  This material comprises some of his research notes.  It relates to Smith's biography and tenure as Superintendent/official records.","A chronological file containing originals and copies of Smith's published addresses, speeches, discourses.  These were published in pamphlet form.  VMI owns originals for many; for those not found in the VMI Archives, the staff obtained photocopies from the Library of Virginia.","There are no restrictions; fragile and oversized items may have copying or scanning limitations.","Collections in the VMI Archives are made available for noncommercial educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Archives stacks, Record Group 02, Superintendent","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Superintendent.","Virginia Military Institute. Museum","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Virginia Military Institute. Library","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Beale, William S. (William Steenbergen)","Gilham, William, 1818-1872","Armstrong, George D. (George Dodd), 1813-1899","Bowcock, John, Rev.","Taliaferro, John B.","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Volck, Frederick.","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Walker, James A. (James Alexander)","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Smith, Francis H., Jr. (Francis Henney), 1849-1917","Dooley, Edwin L., 1942-","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889, 1839/1889"],"collection_ssim":["Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889, 1839/1889"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Sub-Group","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG.02.01-SmithFH","/repositories/3/resources/38"],"unitid_tesim":["RG.02.01-SmithFH","/repositories/3/resources/38"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Superintendent."],"creator_ssim":["Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Superintendent."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Beale, William S. (William Steenbergen)","Gilham, William, 1818-1872","Armstrong, George D. (George Dodd), 1813-1899","Bowcock, John, Rev.","Taliaferro, John B.","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Volck, Frederick.","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Walker, James A. (James Alexander)","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Smith, Francis H., Jr. (Francis Henney), 1849-1917","Dooley, Edwin L., 1942-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Superintendent.","Virginia Military Institute. Museum","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Virginia Military Institute. Library"],"creators_ssim":["Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Beale, William S. (William Steenbergen)","Gilham, William, 1818-1872","Armstrong, George D. (George Dodd), 1813-1899","Bowcock, John, Rev.","Taliaferro, John B.","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Volck, Frederick.","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Walker, James A. (James Alexander)","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Smith, Francis H., Jr. (Francis Henney), 1849-1917","Dooley, Edwin L., 1942-","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Superintendent.","Virginia Military Institute. Museum","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Virginia Military Institute. Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions; fragile and oversized items may have copying or scanning limitations.","Collections in the VMI Archives are made available for noncommercial educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Military education -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Military schools -- Southern States","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Military education -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Military schools -- Southern States","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["30 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://digitalcollections.vmi.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/p15821coll14\"\u003eSome items from the Smith papers are available online.\u003c/a\u003e \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://digitalcollections.vmi.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p15821coll21/id/1680\"\u003eSome annual reports from the Smith administration are available online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://cdm15821.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/search/collection/p15821coll14/searchterm/european/field/title/mode/all/conn/and/order/date\"\u003eAn annotated full text transcription is available online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://digitalcollections.vmi.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p15821coll21/id/1680\"\u003eThis item is available online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Online Access","Online Access","Online Access"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some items from the Smith papers are available online.","Some annual reports from the Smith administration are available online","An annotated full text transcription is available online","This item is available online"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrancis H. Smith served for fifty years (1839-1889) as VMI's first Superintendent. Smith was born in 1812, graduated from West Point in 1833, and came to Lexington, Virginia in 1839 to lead the newly established Virginia Military Institute. He died in March 1890, a few months after his retirement as Superintendent. He was known as the builder and --after the Civil War-- rebuilder of VMI. His official correspondence spans the period 1839-1889, with few gaps. The Civil War era and earlier letters survived Gen. David Hunter's destruction of many Institute buildings in June 1864. Smith corresponded with the notable military, educational, and political leaders of his time, making the correspondence a rich resource for scholars.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eIn 1858, after nearly twenty years as Superintendent of the Virginia Military Institute, Francis H. Smith needed some time off. Consequently, he was granted a leave of absence by the VMI Board of Visitors to travel to Europe to visit military, scientific, and agricultural institutions and to write a report on his findings upon his return.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmith and several young alumni departed on the 9th of June and returned at the end of December 1858 having visited Ireland, Scotland, Wales, England, France, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, and Italy. Each night, he wrote a letter home to his wife Sara describing what he had seen and experienced that day. These letters, possibly Smith's only personal correspondence that has survived, were transcribed into three small letter books on his return. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOver the years, the three volumes passed down through the Smith family, but sadly one was lost. Col. Edwin Dooley, a historian who has done extensive research on Smith, transcribed and annotated the two surviving letter books covering Smith's travels through the United Kingdom and France. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Francis H. Smith served for fifty years (1839-1889) as VMI's first Superintendent. Smith was born in 1812, graduated from West Point in 1833, and came to Lexington, Virginia in 1839 to lead the newly established Virginia Military Institute. He died in March 1890, a few months after his retirement as Superintendent. He was known as the builder and --after the Civil War-- rebuilder of VMI. His official correspondence spans the period 1839-1889, with few gaps. The Civil War era and earlier letters survived Gen. David Hunter's destruction of many Institute buildings in June 1864. Smith corresponded with the notable military, educational, and political leaders of his time, making the correspondence a rich resource for scholars.","In 1858, after nearly twenty years as Superintendent of the Virginia Military Institute, Francis H. Smith needed some time off. Consequently, he was granted a leave of absence by the VMI Board of Visitors to travel to Europe to visit military, scientific, and agricultural institutions and to write a report on his findings upon his return.","Smith and several young alumni departed on the 9th of June and returned at the end of December 1858 having visited Ireland, Scotland, Wales, England, France, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, and Italy. Each night, he wrote a letter home to his wife Sara describing what he had seen and experienced that day. These letters, possibly Smith's only personal correspondence that has survived, were transcribed into three small letter books on his return.","Over the years, the three volumes passed down through the Smith family, but sadly one was lost. Col. Edwin Dooley, a historian who has done extensive research on Smith, transcribed and annotated the two surviving letter books covering Smith's travels through the United Kingdom and France."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe original letter books were transcribed and annotated by Edwin L. Dooley, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["The original letter books were transcribed and annotated by Edwin L. Dooley, Jr."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the Superintendent.  Francis H. Smith Administration. [specific series/item/date]\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of the Superintendent.  Francis H. Smith Administration. [specific series/item/date]"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://archivesspace.vmi.edu/repositories/3/resources/795\"\u003eAnnual and Special Reports of the Superintendent\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://archivesspace.vmi.edu/repositories/3/digital_objects/3\"\u003eReport on Scientific Education in Europe\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Annual and Special Reports of the Superintendent","Report on Scientific Education in Europe"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese files constitute the major record series generated by the office of Francis H. Smith, VMI's first Superintendent. He served from 1839-1889. The records, (ca. 30 linear feet) consist of incoming and outgoing correspondence, order books, speeches and publications, annual reports, personal file, and subject files.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eIncoming correspondence of VMI's first Superintendent, Francis H. Smith, for the period 1839-1870.  The original 19th century  filing order has been retained.  Each incoming letter was assigned a number by Smith's secretary; these letters were then filed numerically by letter number within each year.  Some years were further broken down into alphabetical sections (A-K; L-Z etc.) and thus have more multiple numerical sequences within an individual year.  It is therefore the case that some years have more than one letter number 1, 2 etc.  Some letters for the year 1870 are missing; occasional other missing letters are identifed on the index; however the series is largely complete.\n \nThese letters are indexed by name of sender.  \nOutgoing letters for the period are located in bound letter books, which are arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrancis H. Smith incoming correspondence, 1885-1889.  These letters are no longer filed in the numbered sequence that was used for the period 1839-1870;  they are filed alphabetically within each year.   Corresponding outgoing letters are located in separate  letter books for the period.  Incoming correspondence for the period 1871-1884, except for a few miscellaneous items, is not extant.  This was noted by William Couper in the 1930's, and it is not know at what point or under what circumstances the incoming letters for this period were lost.  Outgoing letters for 1871-1884 are extant.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe outgoing letterbooks (bound volumes) of VMI's first Superintendent Francis H. Smith, who served from 1839-1889. There are no outgoing letters from 1864 August 9-1865 October 30.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Military Institute printed circular, signed in ink by Superintendent Francis H. Smith, petitioning alumni for donations of \"Curiousities, both literary and natural\" to help establish a Museum at VMI. This examples is dated February 27, 1845, and addressed to William S. Beale, a member of the Class of 1843.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso mentions addition to Barracks, new Gun House, Society of Cadets Hall, and Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject Files maintained by the office of VMI's first Superintendent, Francis H. Smith\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApplications and letters of recommendations for students applying to VMI, 1839-1864 (gaps).  Includes successful and unsuccessful applicants and some who were accepted but never matriculated.  5 boxes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFaculty applications, historical. Letters of application and supporting letters of recommendation submitted for several faculty and staff positions.  Includes positions of Professor of Modern Languages, Physical Sciences, Steward, Quartermaster.  This file only relates to a few specific positions. 1839-1860; 1884.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington College (now Washington and Lee University). Several items, 1845, concerning a complaint lodged by Washington College  against VMI, which ultimately led to a severance of academic ties between the two institutions.   Prof. George Dodd Armstrong represented the College on this issue.  For a full account, see the book 100 Years at VMI (William Couper), vol. 1, pps. 139-147.\nThe file also includes one unrelated  document from 1860.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes letter from Francis H. Smith to Dr. Galt inviting him to the statue dedication;  original manuscript of remarks made at the Washington Statue dedication on July 3, 1856 by William B. Taliaferro, Revd. John H. Bowcock,  Francis H. Smith. Information (photocopies, 1864-1866) concerning the confiscation of the statue by Gen. Hunter's troops and its return from West Virginia in 1866, including copies of letters from David H. Strother of Gen. Hunter's staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMisc. Later documents (post-Smith era) re: Statue\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e19th century legal documents.  Records of VMI attorneys Letcher, Maury and Letcher relating to collection of cadet debts after Civil War, 1871-1873\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA chronological file, 1843-1848; 1865-1899, containing examples of academic department annual reports from the 19th century. These reports from the various academic departments were submitted to the Superintendent and help to document the early academic history of the Institute.  This file includes early reports by John T. L. Preston (Languages), and Thomas H. Williamson (Engineering), as well as reports by other early faculty members.  The series has many gaps; for example, none from the 1850's. The reports reflect some subjects that are no longer taught, e.g., Latin, drawing, mineralogy. 1 box\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree page memorandum of agreement (July 13, 1870) between sculptor Frederick Volck and VMI Superintendent Francis H. Smith.  Volck was to complete a bronze equestrian statue of Gen. Thomas J. Jackson, but the project was never finished.  (See the book \"One Hundred Years at VMI\" by William Couper,  vol 3, p. 212, for an account of Volck's relationship with VMI).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBiographical material and miscellaneous Smith and Smith family personal papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrancis H. Smith individual biographical file, compiled over decades.  Contains biographical and genealogical information, clippings, articles and other general information relating to Francis H. Smith and his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnpublished typescript by Francis H. Smith III.  This is the only full length biography of Francis H. Smith and is a useful source for information not found elsewhere.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous Francis H. Smith and Smith family personal records. Includes 2 volumes of personal letters written while on his trip to Europe in 1858, along with a scrapbook containing engravings of places visited; misc. personal correspondence, including one letter from Scott Shipp thanking Smith for his condolences upon the death of Shipp's wife.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe United States Military Academy diploma awarded to Francis H. Smith in 1833.  The ink is badly faded.  Bears the signature of President Andrew Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOversized case 9\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eU. S. Army commission document signed in 1834; commission as Second Lieutenant to date from November 1833.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdwin L. Dooley, Jr., former Executive Assistant to the Superintendent and Secretary to the Board of Visitors, is also a historian who has studied Francis H. Smith in depth.  This material comprises some of his research notes.  It relates to Smith's biography and tenure as Superintendent/official records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA chronological file containing originals and copies of Smith's published addresses, speeches, discourses.  These were published in pamphlet form.  VMI owns originals for many; for those not found in the VMI Archives, the staff obtained photocopies from the Library of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["These files constitute the major record series generated by the office of Francis H. Smith, VMI's first Superintendent. He served from 1839-1889. The records, (ca. 30 linear feet) consist of incoming and outgoing correspondence, order books, speeches and publications, annual reports, personal file, and subject files.","Incoming correspondence of VMI's first Superintendent, Francis H. Smith, for the period 1839-1870.  The original 19th century  filing order has been retained.  Each incoming letter was assigned a number by Smith's secretary; these letters were then filed numerically by letter number within each year.  Some years were further broken down into alphabetical sections (A-K; L-Z etc.) and thus have more multiple numerical sequences within an individual year.  It is therefore the case that some years have more than one letter number 1, 2 etc.  Some letters for the year 1870 are missing; occasional other missing letters are identifed on the index; however the series is largely complete.\n \nThese letters are indexed by name of sender.  \nOutgoing letters for the period are located in bound letter books, which are arranged chronologically.","Francis H. Smith incoming correspondence, 1885-1889.  These letters are no longer filed in the numbered sequence that was used for the period 1839-1870;  they are filed alphabetically within each year.   Corresponding outgoing letters are located in separate  letter books for the period.  Incoming correspondence for the period 1871-1884, except for a few miscellaneous items, is not extant.  This was noted by William Couper in the 1930's, and it is not know at what point or under what circumstances the incoming letters for this period were lost.  Outgoing letters for 1871-1884 are extant.","The outgoing letterbooks (bound volumes) of VMI's first Superintendent Francis H. Smith, who served from 1839-1889. There are no outgoing letters from 1864 August 9-1865 October 30.","Virginia Military Institute printed circular, signed in ink by Superintendent Francis H. Smith, petitioning alumni for donations of \"Curiousities, both literary and natural\" to help establish a Museum at VMI. This examples is dated February 27, 1845, and addressed to William S. Beale, a member of the Class of 1843.","Also mentions addition to Barracks, new Gun House, Society of Cadets Hall, and Library.","Subject Files maintained by the office of VMI's first Superintendent, Francis H. Smith","Applications and letters of recommendations for students applying to VMI, 1839-1864 (gaps).  Includes successful and unsuccessful applicants and some who were accepted but never matriculated.  5 boxes","Faculty applications, historical. Letters of application and supporting letters of recommendation submitted for several faculty and staff positions.  Includes positions of Professor of Modern Languages, Physical Sciences, Steward, Quartermaster.  This file only relates to a few specific positions. 1839-1860; 1884.","Washington College (now Washington and Lee University). Several items, 1845, concerning a complaint lodged by Washington College  against VMI, which ultimately led to a severance of academic ties between the two institutions.   Prof. George Dodd Armstrong represented the College on this issue.  For a full account, see the book 100 Years at VMI (William Couper), vol. 1, pps. 139-147.\nThe file also includes one unrelated  document from 1860.","Includes letter from Francis H. Smith to Dr. Galt inviting him to the statue dedication;  original manuscript of remarks made at the Washington Statue dedication on July 3, 1856 by William B. Taliaferro, Revd. John H. Bowcock,  Francis H. Smith. Information (photocopies, 1864-1866) concerning the confiscation of the statue by Gen. Hunter's troops and its return from West Virginia in 1866, including copies of letters from David H. Strother of Gen. Hunter's staff.","Misc. Later documents (post-Smith era) re: Statue","19th century legal documents.  Records of VMI attorneys Letcher, Maury and Letcher relating to collection of cadet debts after Civil War, 1871-1873","A chronological file, 1843-1848; 1865-1899, containing examples of academic department annual reports from the 19th century. These reports from the various academic departments were submitted to the Superintendent and help to document the early academic history of the Institute.  This file includes early reports by John T. L. Preston (Languages), and Thomas H. Williamson (Engineering), as well as reports by other early faculty members.  The series has many gaps; for example, none from the 1850's. The reports reflect some subjects that are no longer taught, e.g., Latin, drawing, mineralogy. 1 box","Three page memorandum of agreement (July 13, 1870) between sculptor Frederick Volck and VMI Superintendent Francis H. Smith.  Volck was to complete a bronze equestrian statue of Gen. Thomas J. Jackson, but the project was never finished.  (See the book \"One Hundred Years at VMI\" by William Couper,  vol 3, p. 212, for an account of Volck's relationship with VMI).","Biographical material and miscellaneous Smith and Smith family personal papers.","Francis H. Smith individual biographical file, compiled over decades.  Contains biographical and genealogical information, clippings, articles and other general information relating to Francis H. Smith and his family.","Unpublished typescript by Francis H. Smith III.  This is the only full length biography of Francis H. Smith and is a useful source for information not found elsewhere.","Miscellaneous Francis H. Smith and Smith family personal records. Includes 2 volumes of personal letters written while on his trip to Europe in 1858, along with a scrapbook containing engravings of places visited; misc. personal correspondence, including one letter from Scott Shipp thanking Smith for his condolences upon the death of Shipp's wife.","The United States Military Academy diploma awarded to Francis H. Smith in 1833.  The ink is badly faded.  Bears the signature of President Andrew Jackson.","Oversized case 9","U. S. Army commission document signed in 1834; commission as Second Lieutenant to date from November 1833.","Edwin L. Dooley, Jr., former Executive Assistant to the Superintendent and Secretary to the Board of Visitors, is also a historian who has studied Francis H. Smith in depth.  This material comprises some of his research notes.  It relates to Smith's biography and tenure as Superintendent/official records.","A chronological file containing originals and copies of Smith's published addresses, speeches, discourses.  These were published in pamphlet form.  VMI owns originals for many; for those not found in the VMI Archives, the staff obtained photocopies from the Library of Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions; fragile and oversized items may have copying or scanning limitations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCollections in the VMI Archives are made available for noncommercial educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions; fragile and oversized items may have copying or scanning limitations.","Collections in the VMI Archives are made available for noncommercial educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_38737c95f56a20b673a6f5327e0c023e\"\u003eArchives stacks, Record Group 02, Superintendent\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Archives stacks, Record Group 02, Superintendent"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Superintendent.","Virginia Military Institute. Museum","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Virginia Military Institute. Library"],"persname_ssim":["Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Beale, William S. (William Steenbergen)","Gilham, William, 1818-1872","Armstrong, George D. (George Dodd), 1813-1899","Bowcock, John, Rev.","Taliaferro, John B.","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Volck, Frederick.","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Walker, James A. (James Alexander)","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Smith, Francis H., Jr. (Francis Henney), 1849-1917","Dooley, Edwin L., 1942-"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Superintendent.","Virginia Military Institute. Museum","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Virginia Military Institute. Library","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Beale, William S. (William Steenbergen)","Gilham, William, 1818-1872","Armstrong, George D. (George Dodd), 1813-1899","Bowcock, John, Rev.","Taliaferro, John B.","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Volck, Frederick.","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Walker, James A. (James Alexander)","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Smith, Francis H., Jr. (Francis Henney), 1849-1917","Dooley, Edwin L., 1942-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":40,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38_c04_c06"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_191_c01","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Account book, 1864/1865","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_191_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eAccount book fragment (3 pages) contains entries for VMI expenses for 1864 and 1865.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_191_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_191_c01","ref_ssm":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_191_c01"],"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_191_c01","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_191","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_191","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_191","parent_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_191","parent_ssim":["Charles B. Hundley cadet account book, 1864/1865"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_191"],"title_filing_ssi":"Account book","title_ssm":["Account book"],"title_tesim":["Account book"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Account book, 1864/1865"],"text":["Account book, 1864/1865","Charles B. Hundley cadet account book, 1864/1865","Hundley, Charles B. (Charles Buckler), 1846-1908","New Market Cadets","Virginia Military Institute -- Cadet life -- 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1867","Account Books","English","Account book fragment (3 pages) contains entries for VMI expenses for 1864 and 1865."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Charles B. Hundley cadet account book, 1864/1865"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Charles B. 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Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"persname_ssim":["Hundley, Charles B. (Charles Buckler), 1846-1908"],"names_ssim":["Hundley, Charles B. (Charles Buckler), 1846-1908"],"access_subjects_ssim":["New Market Cadets","Virginia Military Institute -- Cadet life -- 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1867","Account Books"],"access_subjects_ssm":["New Market Cadets","Virginia Military Institute -- Cadet life -- 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1867","Account Books"],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1864,1865],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccount book fragment (3 pages) contains entries for VMI expenses for 1864 and 1865.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Account book fragment (3 pages) contains entries for VMI expenses for 1864 and 1865."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_191","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_191","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_191","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_191","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_191.xml","title_ssm":["Charles B. Hundley cadet account book"],"title_tesim":["Charles B. Hundley cadet account book"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864-1865"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1864-1865"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864/1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles B. Hundley cadet account book, 1864/1865"],"text":["Charles B. Hundley cadet account book, 1864/1865","MS.0110","/repositories/3/resources/191","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1867","New Market Cadets","Account Books","There are no restrictions.","Charles Buckler Hundley was born in 1846 in Essex County, Virginia. He graduated VMI in 1867 and was a New Market cadet. After graduation, he went on to become a farmer and merchant. Hundly died in 1908.","This collection consists of one account book fragment (3 pages) owned by Cadet Charles B. Hundley, VMI Class of 1867. The account book contains entries for VMI expenses from 1864 to 1865.","Account book fragment (3 pages) contains entries for VMI expenses for 1864 and 1865.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Hundley, Charles B. (Charles Buckler), 1846-1908","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles B. Hundley cadet account book, 1864/1865"],"collection_ssim":["Charles B. 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Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1867","New Market Cadets","Account Books"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1867","New Market Cadets","Account Books"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 items 3 pages"],"extent_tesim":["1 items 3 pages"],"genreform_ssim":["Account Books"],"date_range_isim":[1864,1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles Buckler Hundley was born in 1846 in Essex County, Virginia. He graduated VMI in 1867 and was a New Market cadet. After graduation, he went on to become a farmer and merchant. Hundly died in 1908.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles Buckler Hundley was born in 1846 in Essex County, Virginia. He graduated VMI in 1867 and was a New Market cadet. After graduation, he went on to become a farmer and merchant. Hundly died in 1908."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles B. Hundley cadet account book, 1864-1865. MS 0110. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Charles B. Hundley cadet account book, 1864-1865. MS 0110. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of one account book fragment (3 pages) owned by Cadet Charles B. Hundley, VMI Class of 1867. The account book contains entries for VMI expenses from 1864 to 1865.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eAccount book fragment (3 pages) contains entries for VMI expenses for 1864 and 1865.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of one account book fragment (3 pages) owned by Cadet Charles B. Hundley, VMI Class of 1867. The account book contains entries for VMI expenses from 1864 to 1865.","Account book fragment (3 pages) contains entries for VMI expenses for 1864 and 1865."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_3052f8f965579262bd0e0324ae8eb8c3\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Hundley, Charles B. (Charles Buckler), 1846-1908"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Hundley, Charles B. (Charles Buckler), 1846-1908"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_191_c01"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_624","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings, 1859/1870","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_624#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Davis, Alexander J. (Alexander Jackson), 1803-1892","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_624#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of 27 architectural drawings by Alexander Jackson Davis executed for VMI between 1859 and 1870. Included are designs for barracks, the Superintendent's residence, and faculty residences. The bulk of the drawings are ink and wash plans.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_624#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_624","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_624","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_624","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_624","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_624.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00051.xml","title_ssm":["Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings"],"title_tesim":["Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings"],"unitdate_ssm":["1859-1870"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1859-1870"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1859/1870"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings, 1859/1870"],"text":["Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings, 1859/1870","MS.0276","/repositories/3/resources/624","Architecture—Virginia","Gothic revival (Architecture) -- Virginia -- Lexington","Architecture","Virginia Military Institute—Buildings, structures, etc.","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Historic buildings—Virginia—Lexington","Architectural drawing","There are no restrictions","This collection is avaliable online","Alexander Jackson Davis (1803-1892), a notable 19th century American architect, designed VMI barracks, professors' residences, and other Institute buildings during the 1850s and 1860s. Davis was born in New York, and studied at the American Academy of Fine Arts and the National Academy of Design. He helped to popularize the Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, and Italianate styles, and his many important projects included private residences as well as public buildings.","Davis has long been recognized by historians as the most significant American practitioner of the \"secular gothic,\" and VMI was the first American college planned entirely in the Gothic Revival style. This style incorporates towers, turrets, and other design elements first used in medieval castles and cathedrals.","Davis's association with VMI came about as a result of his design work for Philip St. George Cocke, a wealthy Virginia planter and member of the VMI Board of Visitors. Cocke, an impassioned advocate of the Gothic style, employed Davis to design \"Belmead,\" the Cocke residence in Powhatan County, Virginia. Cocke became Davis's patron in the state, and when VMI began its building program in the late 1840s, it turned to Davis to create a comprehensive plan for the Institute.","During the period between 1850 and 1861, a significant portion of the barracks, a Porter's Lodge, mess hall, the Superintendent's residence, and several faculty residences were constructed using Davis' designs. Davis' dream of completing the barracks quadrangle was interrupted by the Civil War and VMI's post-war financial problems, and his work for the Institute ended in the 1870s. It was not until the early 20th century that his vision for the Parade Ground facade of barracks was realized, based on a Davis-inspired design by another noted architect, Bertram Goodhue.","Correspondence between Alexander Jackson Davis and VMI's Superintendent Francis H. Smith is available in the Superintendent's official correspondence files of the period.","This collection consists of 27 architectural drawings by Alexander Jackson Davis executed for VMI between 1859 and 1870. Included are designs for barracks, the Superintendent's residence, and faculty residences. The bulk of the drawings are ink and wash plans.","Includes section and front elevation views.","\"Dwelling House and Offices for the Superintendent at Va. Milit. Institute. Oct 1859. A. J. Davis, Archit.\"","\"Dwelling House and Offices for the Superintendent at Va. Milit. Institute. Oct 1859. A. J. Davis, Archit.\"","Drawing also includes front and rear elevations, and a parlor window detail.","\"Plan No. 2, Principal Floor, adopted for the Executive Mansion, Va. Military Institute, Lexington, Va. 1860.\"","\"Plan No. 3. Chamber Floor, Adopted for the Executive Mansion, VMI, 1860.\"","\"Executive Mansion, Va. Military Inst., Lexington, Va. 1860.\"","Drawing includes front and back elevations.","\"First Study, A, for Professor's house, Va. Mil. Inst.\" Plan view \"Principal Story No. 2\" (A1). South elevation \"South Front\" (A3).","Plan view (C1) and elevation (C4).","Second story plan view (No. 3, A2) and elevation \"Entrance front\" (5A).","Plan view of \"Second story 3\" (B3) and elevation (B4).","\"First A and second study B for the V.M.I; principal floor enlarged.\" Plan view (B2) and elevation (B5).","Basement plan view (No. 1, B1) and west elevation (B6).","\"Upper Story\" plan view (C2) and elevation (C5).","\"Claytor Hall - Va. Milit. Inst. Gen. Fr. H. Smith Supn'dt - Lexington, Virginia. - A. J. Davis, Arc't.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Claytor Hall, No. 5. Cross section; and Center, south front. 1870.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Barracks of the Virginia Military Institute\" with overlay \"Plan on the Floor of Museums, No. 3.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","Detail working drawing of octagonal auditorium. Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Study for No. 3, Memorial Chapel.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Basement No. 1. By A. J. Davis architect, 1870.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"No. 2, Principal or Entrance Floor.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"No. 3 Chapel and Museum Floor.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Attic and Ceilings, Va. Mil. Inst., No. 4.\"","\"No. 5, Long Section, Claytor Hall.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Oversized case 9","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Davis, Alexander J. (Alexander Jackson), 1803-1892","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings, 1859/1870"],"collection_ssim":["Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings, 1859/1870"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0276","/repositories/3/resources/624"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0276","/repositories/3/resources/624"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Davis, Alexander J. (Alexander Jackson), 1803-1892"],"creator_ssim":["Davis, Alexander J. (Alexander Jackson), 1803-1892"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Davis, Alexander J. (Alexander Jackson), 1803-1892"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Davis, Alexander J. (Alexander Jackson), 1803-1892","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architecture—Virginia","Gothic revival (Architecture) -- Virginia -- Lexington","Architecture","Virginia Military Institute—Buildings, structures, etc.","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Historic buildings—Virginia—Lexington","Architectural drawing"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architecture—Virginia","Gothic revival (Architecture) -- Virginia -- Lexington","Architecture","Virginia Military Institute—Buildings, structures, etc.","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Historic buildings—Virginia—Lexington","Architectural drawing"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["27 items"],"extent_tesim":["27 items"],"date_range_isim":[1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://digitalcollections.vmi.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/p15821coll12\"\u003eThis collection is avaliable online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Online Access"],"altformavail_tesim":["This collection is avaliable online"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexander Jackson Davis (1803-1892), a notable 19th century American architect, designed VMI barracks, professors' residences, and other Institute buildings during the 1850s and 1860s. Davis was born in New York, and studied at the American Academy of Fine Arts and the National Academy of Design. He helped to popularize the Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, and Italianate styles, and his many important projects included private residences as well as public buildings. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavis has long been recognized by historians as the most significant American practitioner of the \"secular gothic,\" and VMI was the first American college planned entirely in the Gothic Revival style. This style incorporates towers, turrets, and other design elements first used in medieval castles and cathedrals. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavis's association with VMI came about as a result of his design work for Philip St. George Cocke, a wealthy Virginia planter and member of the VMI Board of Visitors. Cocke, an impassioned advocate of the Gothic style, employed Davis to design \"Belmead,\" the Cocke residence in Powhatan County, Virginia. Cocke became Davis's patron in the state, and when VMI began its building program in the late 1840s, it turned to Davis to create a comprehensive plan for the Institute.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the period between 1850 and 1861, a significant portion of the barracks, a Porter's Lodge, mess hall, the Superintendent's residence, and several faculty residences were constructed using Davis' designs. Davis' dream of completing the barracks quadrangle was interrupted by the Civil War and VMI's post-war financial problems, and his work for the Institute ended in the 1870s. It was not until the early 20th century that his vision for the Parade Ground facade of barracks was realized, based on a Davis-inspired design by another noted architect, Bertram Goodhue.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Alexander Jackson Davis (1803-1892), a notable 19th century American architect, designed VMI barracks, professors' residences, and other Institute buildings during the 1850s and 1860s. Davis was born in New York, and studied at the American Academy of Fine Arts and the National Academy of Design. He helped to popularize the Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, and Italianate styles, and his many important projects included private residences as well as public buildings.","Davis has long been recognized by historians as the most significant American practitioner of the \"secular gothic,\" and VMI was the first American college planned entirely in the Gothic Revival style. This style incorporates towers, turrets, and other design elements first used in medieval castles and cathedrals.","Davis's association with VMI came about as a result of his design work for Philip St. George Cocke, a wealthy Virginia planter and member of the VMI Board of Visitors. Cocke, an impassioned advocate of the Gothic style, employed Davis to design \"Belmead,\" the Cocke residence in Powhatan County, Virginia. Cocke became Davis's patron in the state, and when VMI began its building program in the late 1840s, it turned to Davis to create a comprehensive plan for the Institute.","During the period between 1850 and 1861, a significant portion of the barracks, a Porter's Lodge, mess hall, the Superintendent's residence, and several faculty residences were constructed using Davis' designs. Davis' dream of completing the barracks quadrangle was interrupted by the Civil War and VMI's post-war financial problems, and his work for the Institute ended in the 1870s. It was not until the early 20th century that his vision for the Parade Ground facade of barracks was realized, based on a Davis-inspired design by another noted architect, Bertram Goodhue."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings, MS 0276, Virginia Military Institute Archives, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings, MS 0276, Virginia Military Institute Archives, Lexington, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between Alexander Jackson Davis and VMI's Superintendent Francis H. Smith is available in the Superintendent's official correspondence files of the period.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Correspondence"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Correspondence between Alexander Jackson Davis and VMI's Superintendent Francis H. Smith is available in the Superintendent's official correspondence files of the period."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of 27 architectural drawings by Alexander Jackson Davis executed for VMI between 1859 and 1870. Included are designs for barracks, the Superintendent's residence, and faculty residences. The bulk of the drawings are ink and wash plans.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eIncludes section and front elevation views.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Dwelling House and Offices for the Superintendent at Va. Milit. Institute. Oct 1859. A. J. Davis, Archit.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Dwelling House and Offices for the Superintendent at Va. Milit. Institute. Oct 1859. A. J. Davis, Archit.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrawing also includes front and rear elevations, and a parlor window detail.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Plan No. 2, Principal Floor, adopted for the Executive Mansion, Va. Military Institute, Lexington, Va. 1860.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Plan No. 3. Chamber Floor, Adopted for the Executive Mansion, VMI, 1860.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Executive Mansion, Va. Military Inst., Lexington, Va. 1860.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrawing includes front and back elevations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"First Study, A, for Professor's house, Va. Mil. Inst.\" Plan view \"Principal Story No. 2\" (A1). South elevation \"South Front\" (A3).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlan view (C1) and elevation (C4).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSecond story plan view (No. 3, A2) and elevation \"Entrance front\" (5A).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlan view of \"Second story 3\" (B3) and elevation (B4).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"First A and second study B for the V.M.I; principal floor enlarged.\" Plan view (B2) and elevation (B5).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBasement plan view (No. 1, B1) and west elevation (B6).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Upper Story\" plan view (C2) and elevation (C5).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Claytor Hall - Va. Milit. Inst. Gen. Fr. H. Smith Supn'dt - Lexington, Virginia. - A. J. Davis, Arc't.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Claytor Hall, No. 5. Cross section; and Center, south front. 1870.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Barracks of the Virginia Military Institute\" with overlay \"Plan on the Floor of Museums, No. 3.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDetail working drawing of octagonal auditorium. Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Study for No. 3, Memorial Chapel.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Basement No. 1. By A. J. Davis architect, 1870.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"No. 2, Principal or Entrance Floor.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"No. 3 Chapel and Museum Floor.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Attic and Ceilings, Va. Mil. Inst., No. 4.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"No. 5, Long Section, Claytor Hall.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of 27 architectural drawings by Alexander Jackson Davis executed for VMI between 1859 and 1870. Included are designs for barracks, the Superintendent's residence, and faculty residences. The bulk of the drawings are ink and wash plans.","Includes section and front elevation views.","\"Dwelling House and Offices for the Superintendent at Va. Milit. Institute. Oct 1859. A. J. Davis, Archit.\"","\"Dwelling House and Offices for the Superintendent at Va. Milit. Institute. Oct 1859. A. J. Davis, Archit.\"","Drawing also includes front and rear elevations, and a parlor window detail.","\"Plan No. 2, Principal Floor, adopted for the Executive Mansion, Va. Military Institute, Lexington, Va. 1860.\"","\"Plan No. 3. Chamber Floor, Adopted for the Executive Mansion, VMI, 1860.\"","\"Executive Mansion, Va. Military Inst., Lexington, Va. 1860.\"","Drawing includes front and back elevations.","\"First Study, A, for Professor's house, Va. Mil. Inst.\" Plan view \"Principal Story No. 2\" (A1). South elevation \"South Front\" (A3).","Plan view (C1) and elevation (C4).","Second story plan view (No. 3, A2) and elevation \"Entrance front\" (5A).","Plan view of \"Second story 3\" (B3) and elevation (B4).","\"First A and second study B for the V.M.I; principal floor enlarged.\" Plan view (B2) and elevation (B5).","Basement plan view (No. 1, B1) and west elevation (B6).","\"Upper Story\" plan view (C2) and elevation (C5).","\"Claytor Hall - Va. Milit. Inst. Gen. Fr. H. Smith Supn'dt - Lexington, Virginia. - A. J. Davis, Arc't.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Claytor Hall, No. 5. Cross section; and Center, south front. 1870.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Barracks of the Virginia Military Institute\" with overlay \"Plan on the Floor of Museums, No. 3.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","Detail working drawing of octagonal auditorium. Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Study for No. 3, Memorial Chapel.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Basement No. 1. By A. J. Davis architect, 1870.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"No. 2, Principal or Entrance Floor.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"No. 3 Chapel and Museum Floor.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Attic and Ceilings, Va. Mil. Inst., No. 4.\"","\"No. 5, Long Section, Claytor Hall.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_fd876c569fd3ab29ffdddac26b570c06\"\u003eOversized case 9\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Oversized case 9"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Davis, Alexander J. (Alexander Jackson), 1803-1892"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Davis, Alexander J. (Alexander Jackson), 1803-1892"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":31,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_624","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_624","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_624","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_624","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_624.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00051.xml","title_ssm":["Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings"],"title_tesim":["Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings"],"unitdate_ssm":["1859-1870"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1859-1870"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1859/1870"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings, 1859/1870"],"text":["Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings, 1859/1870","MS.0276","/repositories/3/resources/624","Architecture—Virginia","Gothic revival (Architecture) -- Virginia -- Lexington","Architecture","Virginia Military Institute—Buildings, structures, etc.","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Historic buildings—Virginia—Lexington","Architectural drawing","There are no restrictions","This collection is avaliable online","Alexander Jackson Davis (1803-1892), a notable 19th century American architect, designed VMI barracks, professors' residences, and other Institute buildings during the 1850s and 1860s. Davis was born in New York, and studied at the American Academy of Fine Arts and the National Academy of Design. He helped to popularize the Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, and Italianate styles, and his many important projects included private residences as well as public buildings.","Davis has long been recognized by historians as the most significant American practitioner of the \"secular gothic,\" and VMI was the first American college planned entirely in the Gothic Revival style. This style incorporates towers, turrets, and other design elements first used in medieval castles and cathedrals.","Davis's association with VMI came about as a result of his design work for Philip St. George Cocke, a wealthy Virginia planter and member of the VMI Board of Visitors. Cocke, an impassioned advocate of the Gothic style, employed Davis to design \"Belmead,\" the Cocke residence in Powhatan County, Virginia. Cocke became Davis's patron in the state, and when VMI began its building program in the late 1840s, it turned to Davis to create a comprehensive plan for the Institute.","During the period between 1850 and 1861, a significant portion of the barracks, a Porter's Lodge, mess hall, the Superintendent's residence, and several faculty residences were constructed using Davis' designs. Davis' dream of completing the barracks quadrangle was interrupted by the Civil War and VMI's post-war financial problems, and his work for the Institute ended in the 1870s. It was not until the early 20th century that his vision for the Parade Ground facade of barracks was realized, based on a Davis-inspired design by another noted architect, Bertram Goodhue.","Correspondence between Alexander Jackson Davis and VMI's Superintendent Francis H. Smith is available in the Superintendent's official correspondence files of the period.","This collection consists of 27 architectural drawings by Alexander Jackson Davis executed for VMI between 1859 and 1870. Included are designs for barracks, the Superintendent's residence, and faculty residences. The bulk of the drawings are ink and wash plans.","Includes section and front elevation views.","\"Dwelling House and Offices for the Superintendent at Va. Milit. Institute. Oct 1859. A. J. Davis, Archit.\"","\"Dwelling House and Offices for the Superintendent at Va. Milit. Institute. Oct 1859. A. J. Davis, Archit.\"","Drawing also includes front and rear elevations, and a parlor window detail.","\"Plan No. 2, Principal Floor, adopted for the Executive Mansion, Va. Military Institute, Lexington, Va. 1860.\"","\"Plan No. 3. Chamber Floor, Adopted for the Executive Mansion, VMI, 1860.\"","\"Executive Mansion, Va. Military Inst., Lexington, Va. 1860.\"","Drawing includes front and back elevations.","\"First Study, A, for Professor's house, Va. Mil. Inst.\" Plan view \"Principal Story No. 2\" (A1). South elevation \"South Front\" (A3).","Plan view (C1) and elevation (C4).","Second story plan view (No. 3, A2) and elevation \"Entrance front\" (5A).","Plan view of \"Second story 3\" (B3) and elevation (B4).","\"First A and second study B for the V.M.I; principal floor enlarged.\" Plan view (B2) and elevation (B5).","Basement plan view (No. 1, B1) and west elevation (B6).","\"Upper Story\" plan view (C2) and elevation (C5).","\"Claytor Hall - Va. Milit. Inst. Gen. Fr. H. Smith Supn'dt - Lexington, Virginia. - A. J. Davis, Arc't.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Claytor Hall, No. 5. Cross section; and Center, south front. 1870.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Barracks of the Virginia Military Institute\" with overlay \"Plan on the Floor of Museums, No. 3.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","Detail working drawing of octagonal auditorium. Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Study for No. 3, Memorial Chapel.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Basement No. 1. By A. J. Davis architect, 1870.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"No. 2, Principal or Entrance Floor.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"No. 3 Chapel and Museum Floor.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Attic and Ceilings, Va. Mil. Inst., No. 4.\"","\"No. 5, Long Section, Claytor Hall.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Oversized case 9","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Davis, Alexander J. (Alexander Jackson), 1803-1892","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings, 1859/1870"],"collection_ssim":["Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings, 1859/1870"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0276","/repositories/3/resources/624"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0276","/repositories/3/resources/624"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Davis, Alexander J. (Alexander Jackson), 1803-1892"],"creator_ssim":["Davis, Alexander J. (Alexander Jackson), 1803-1892"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Davis, Alexander J. (Alexander Jackson), 1803-1892"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Davis, Alexander J. (Alexander Jackson), 1803-1892","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architecture—Virginia","Gothic revival (Architecture) -- Virginia -- Lexington","Architecture","Virginia Military Institute—Buildings, structures, etc.","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Historic buildings—Virginia—Lexington","Architectural drawing"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architecture—Virginia","Gothic revival (Architecture) -- Virginia -- Lexington","Architecture","Virginia Military Institute—Buildings, structures, etc.","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Historic buildings—Virginia—Lexington","Architectural drawing"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["27 items"],"extent_tesim":["27 items"],"date_range_isim":[1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://digitalcollections.vmi.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/p15821coll12\"\u003eThis collection is avaliable online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Online Access"],"altformavail_tesim":["This collection is avaliable online"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexander Jackson Davis (1803-1892), a notable 19th century American architect, designed VMI barracks, professors' residences, and other Institute buildings during the 1850s and 1860s. Davis was born in New York, and studied at the American Academy of Fine Arts and the National Academy of Design. He helped to popularize the Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, and Italianate styles, and his many important projects included private residences as well as public buildings. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavis has long been recognized by historians as the most significant American practitioner of the \"secular gothic,\" and VMI was the first American college planned entirely in the Gothic Revival style. This style incorporates towers, turrets, and other design elements first used in medieval castles and cathedrals. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavis's association with VMI came about as a result of his design work for Philip St. George Cocke, a wealthy Virginia planter and member of the VMI Board of Visitors. Cocke, an impassioned advocate of the Gothic style, employed Davis to design \"Belmead,\" the Cocke residence in Powhatan County, Virginia. Cocke became Davis's patron in the state, and when VMI began its building program in the late 1840s, it turned to Davis to create a comprehensive plan for the Institute.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the period between 1850 and 1861, a significant portion of the barracks, a Porter's Lodge, mess hall, the Superintendent's residence, and several faculty residences were constructed using Davis' designs. Davis' dream of completing the barracks quadrangle was interrupted by the Civil War and VMI's post-war financial problems, and his work for the Institute ended in the 1870s. It was not until the early 20th century that his vision for the Parade Ground facade of barracks was realized, based on a Davis-inspired design by another noted architect, Bertram Goodhue.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Alexander Jackson Davis (1803-1892), a notable 19th century American architect, designed VMI barracks, professors' residences, and other Institute buildings during the 1850s and 1860s. Davis was born in New York, and studied at the American Academy of Fine Arts and the National Academy of Design. He helped to popularize the Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, and Italianate styles, and his many important projects included private residences as well as public buildings.","Davis has long been recognized by historians as the most significant American practitioner of the \"secular gothic,\" and VMI was the first American college planned entirely in the Gothic Revival style. This style incorporates towers, turrets, and other design elements first used in medieval castles and cathedrals.","Davis's association with VMI came about as a result of his design work for Philip St. George Cocke, a wealthy Virginia planter and member of the VMI Board of Visitors. Cocke, an impassioned advocate of the Gothic style, employed Davis to design \"Belmead,\" the Cocke residence in Powhatan County, Virginia. Cocke became Davis's patron in the state, and when VMI began its building program in the late 1840s, it turned to Davis to create a comprehensive plan for the Institute.","During the period between 1850 and 1861, a significant portion of the barracks, a Porter's Lodge, mess hall, the Superintendent's residence, and several faculty residences were constructed using Davis' designs. Davis' dream of completing the barracks quadrangle was interrupted by the Civil War and VMI's post-war financial problems, and his work for the Institute ended in the 1870s. It was not until the early 20th century that his vision for the Parade Ground facade of barracks was realized, based on a Davis-inspired design by another noted architect, Bertram Goodhue."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings, MS 0276, Virginia Military Institute Archives, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings, MS 0276, Virginia Military Institute Archives, Lexington, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between Alexander Jackson Davis and VMI's Superintendent Francis H. Smith is available in the Superintendent's official correspondence files of the period.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Correspondence"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Correspondence between Alexander Jackson Davis and VMI's Superintendent Francis H. Smith is available in the Superintendent's official correspondence files of the period."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of 27 architectural drawings by Alexander Jackson Davis executed for VMI between 1859 and 1870. Included are designs for barracks, the Superintendent's residence, and faculty residences. The bulk of the drawings are ink and wash plans.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eIncludes section and front elevation views.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Dwelling House and Offices for the Superintendent at Va. Milit. Institute. Oct 1859. A. J. Davis, Archit.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Dwelling House and Offices for the Superintendent at Va. Milit. Institute. Oct 1859. A. J. Davis, Archit.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrawing also includes front and rear elevations, and a parlor window detail.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Plan No. 2, Principal Floor, adopted for the Executive Mansion, Va. Military Institute, Lexington, Va. 1860.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Plan No. 3. Chamber Floor, Adopted for the Executive Mansion, VMI, 1860.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Executive Mansion, Va. Military Inst., Lexington, Va. 1860.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrawing includes front and back elevations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"First Study, A, for Professor's house, Va. Mil. Inst.\" Plan view \"Principal Story No. 2\" (A1). South elevation \"South Front\" (A3).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlan view (C1) and elevation (C4).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSecond story plan view (No. 3, A2) and elevation \"Entrance front\" (5A).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlan view of \"Second story 3\" (B3) and elevation (B4).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"First A and second study B for the V.M.I; principal floor enlarged.\" Plan view (B2) and elevation (B5).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBasement plan view (No. 1, B1) and west elevation (B6).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Upper Story\" plan view (C2) and elevation (C5).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Claytor Hall - Va. Milit. Inst. Gen. Fr. H. Smith Supn'dt - Lexington, Virginia. - A. J. Davis, Arc't.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Claytor Hall, No. 5. Cross section; and Center, south front. 1870.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Barracks of the Virginia Military Institute\" with overlay \"Plan on the Floor of Museums, No. 3.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDetail working drawing of octagonal auditorium. Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Study for No. 3, Memorial Chapel.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Basement No. 1. By A. J. Davis architect, 1870.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"No. 2, Principal or Entrance Floor.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"No. 3 Chapel and Museum Floor.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Attic and Ceilings, Va. Mil. Inst., No. 4.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"No. 5, Long Section, Claytor Hall.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of 27 architectural drawings by Alexander Jackson Davis executed for VMI between 1859 and 1870. Included are designs for barracks, the Superintendent's residence, and faculty residences. The bulk of the drawings are ink and wash plans.","Includes section and front elevation views.","\"Dwelling House and Offices for the Superintendent at Va. Milit. Institute. Oct 1859. A. J. Davis, Archit.\"","\"Dwelling House and Offices for the Superintendent at Va. Milit. Institute. Oct 1859. A. J. Davis, Archit.\"","Drawing also includes front and rear elevations, and a parlor window detail.","\"Plan No. 2, Principal Floor, adopted for the Executive Mansion, Va. Military Institute, Lexington, Va. 1860.\"","\"Plan No. 3. Chamber Floor, Adopted for the Executive Mansion, VMI, 1860.\"","\"Executive Mansion, Va. Military Inst., Lexington, Va. 1860.\"","Drawing includes front and back elevations.","\"First Study, A, for Professor's house, Va. Mil. Inst.\" Plan view \"Principal Story No. 2\" (A1). South elevation \"South Front\" (A3).","Plan view (C1) and elevation (C4).","Second story plan view (No. 3, A2) and elevation \"Entrance front\" (5A).","Plan view of \"Second story 3\" (B3) and elevation (B4).","\"First A and second study B for the V.M.I; principal floor enlarged.\" Plan view (B2) and elevation (B5).","Basement plan view (No. 1, B1) and west elevation (B6).","\"Upper Story\" plan view (C2) and elevation (C5).","\"Claytor Hall - Va. Milit. Inst. Gen. Fr. H. Smith Supn'dt - Lexington, Virginia. - A. J. Davis, Arc't.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Claytor Hall, No. 5. Cross section; and Center, south front. 1870.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Barracks of the Virginia Military Institute\" with overlay \"Plan on the Floor of Museums, No. 3.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","Detail working drawing of octagonal auditorium. Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Study for No. 3, Memorial Chapel.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Basement No. 1. By A. J. Davis architect, 1870.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"No. 2, Principal or Entrance Floor.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"No. 3 Chapel and Museum Floor.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks.","\"Attic and Ceilings, Va. Mil. Inst., No. 4.\"","\"No. 5, Long Section, Claytor Hall.\" Unexecuted design for expansion of barracks."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_fd876c569fd3ab29ffdddac26b570c06\"\u003eOversized case 9\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Oversized case 9"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Davis, Alexander J. (Alexander Jackson), 1803-1892"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Davis, Alexander J. (Alexander Jackson), 1803-1892"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":31,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_624"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_777","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection, 1860/2013","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_777#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Amory, Thomas D. (Thomas Dwyer), 1893-1918","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_777#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of certificates, citations, commissions, and similar documentation associated with VMI alumni, faculty, staff, or VMI as a whole. The collection does not include VMI diplomas or literary society certificates, which are filed separately.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_777#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_777","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_777","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_777","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_777","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_777.xml","title_ssm":["Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection"],"title_tesim":["Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-2013"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection, 1860/2013"],"text":["Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection, 1860/2013","MS.0226.Oversized","/repositories/3/resources/777","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Certificates","Military commissions","There are no restrictions","Thomas Dwyer Amory (VMI Class of 1916) was a First Lieutenant, 26th Infantry (Regular), 1st Division, American Expeditionary Forces. He was killed in action while leading an assaulting platoon ahead of his regiment, near Verdun, France on October 2, 1918.","John H. Lattin, Jr. was killed in action in Vietnam on December 15, 1967.","J. Andrew Morson is the brother of VMI New Market cadet William A. Morson.","Kiffin Yates Rockwell attended VMI in 1909. During World War I he was accepted by the Service Aeronautique, began flight training in September 1915, and in April became one of the founding pilots in the squadron initially known as the Escadrille Americaine (later called the Lafayette Escadrille). In May 1916 while on patrol at the front, he became the first American pilot to down an enemy plane. Rockwell subsequently flew dozens of patrols and fought in many air battles, gaining fame for his skill and courage. His final combat took place on September 23, 1916, when his Nieuport was downed by the gunner in a German Albatross observation plane. Rockwell is buried in the cemetery at Luxeuil-les-Bains, France.","January 23, 1918.\nNumber 3.\nLa Fayette Flying Corps.","In recognition of the services rendered to France and her Allies for the cause of humanity, this certificate has been issued to S/Lieut Kiffin Yates Rockwell who served during the European war in the capacity of Pilot in the LaFayette Escadrille. Killed on Sept. 23, 1916.  Thereby in a measure repaying the great debt which America owes to France and contributing to the victory of Liberty and Civilization over military Autocracy and Barbarism.","This collection consists of certificates, citations, commissions, and similar documentation associated with VMI alumni, faculty, staff, or VMI as a whole. The collection does not include VMI diplomas or literary society certificates, which are filed separately.","Certificate presented to Richard Baldwin (VMI Class of 1942) that commemorates his passage across the International Dateline.","A certificate (in French) appointing Lieutenant Colonel Arthur W. Belden, Jr. an honorary member of the French Foreign Legion in recognition of services rendered.","A certificate of honorary membership for faculty member Robert P. Carroll in the Phi Psi Chapter at the Medical College of Virginia.","This folder contains one cartoon/caricature (1981) presented to William H. Dabney relating to his assignment at the National Emergency Airborne Command Post, and one memorial resolution (2012) passed by the Virginia senate honoring the contributions of Dabney.","Certificate awarded to Samuel G. Davis for completion of courses in physics and astronomy.","Certificate from the Rockne-Meanwell School for Coaches, Football, and Basketball held at Washington and Lee University.","Includes the citation: \"In grateful memory of Major Frederick A. Hippey who died in the service of his country in the Asiatic Area, August 6, 1945\".  Signed by President Truman.","Also included are three certificates in Chinese:\n\nAppointment of Hippey as an instructor in the artillery section of the Training Corps, Yunnan Branch of Military Council of China signed by Chiang Kai-shek, Head of Training Corps\nCertificate of award in consideration of meritorious services\nThe Special Breast Order of the Cloud and Banner, presented by the National Government of China, Chiang Chung-Cheng, President, January 30, 1946","Two certificates, including an Honorary degree from Washington and Lee University and a membership certificate for the Sons of the American Revolution.","Two track and field team certificates for the 220 yard low hurdles.","Includes a citation (1946) that reads \"in grateful memory of Charles M. Millar who died in the service of his country,\" signed by President Harry S. Truman. Also includes a certificate (1943), humorous, U.S.S. Henderson, \"Solemn Mysteries of the Ancient Order of the Deep.\"","Citation for extraordinary heroism at Lucy le Bocage, France, June 1918.","\"Military Order of the Carabao\"","Commonwealth of Virginia recognition of Chesty Puller Day, June 26, 1998.","Certificates of course of study completion in various academic classes at VMI.","Certificates that appoint James T. Tosh as a sergeant in the 1st Infantry, and Medical Department, Virginia Volunteers.","Appoints Martin B. Wood as Judge, Scott County, Virginia.","Appointment certificates for the following honorary alumnus:\n\nBaldwin G. Locher\nMary Moody Northe\nVirgil D. Bradley\nRichard H. Kemper, Sr.\nRobert Patterson\nFredrik Wachtmeister\nLouis G. Kuchuris","VMI faculty traditionally receive commissions in the Virginia Militia, unorganized. This file contains historical examples of these documents.","Issued by New York Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller on the occasion of the opening of the Virginia Civil War Centennial Center in Richmond, Virginia. Confederate banners of the Fifth Virginia Cavalry captured during the Civil War were returned by the State of New York.","Certificate of appreciation for coaches clinic.","Awarded to cadet publications \"The Bomb\" and \"The Sniper.\"","Resolution honors VMI for winning the Southern Conference championship.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Oversized Case 1, Drawer 4","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Washington and Lee University","Virginia Military Institute. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Sigma Nu","Phi Kapp Phi","Amory, Thomas D. (Thomas Dwyer), 1893-1918","Baldwin, Richard","Belden, Arthur W., Jr. (Arthur Williams)","Bissell, Norman M. (Norman Michael), 1938-2019","Brister, Charles M. (Charles Melville), 1889-?","Carroll, Robert P. \"Doc\"","Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012","Daniels, Jonathan M. (Jonathan Myrick), 1939-1965","Davis, Samuel G. (Samuel Griffith), ?-1943","Elliott, Thomas N., Jr.","Foster, Charles E., Jr. (Charles Edgar), 1903-1938","Heflin, S. Murray (Sterling Murray)","Hippey, Frederick A. (Frederick Allen), ?-1945","Jamerson, Osmond T. (Osmond Tower), 1906-1975","Johnson, H. B., Jr. (Henry Belton), ?-1931","Lattin, John H., Jr., ?-1967","Mallory, Francis","Mapp, John A.","Millar, Charles M. (Charles Maynard), 1910-1946","Miller, Giles H., Jr. (Giles Henry)","Miller, John C. (John Craig)","Morson, William A. (William Alexander), 1843-1903","Pate, Randolph M. (Randolph McCall)","Pitkethly, David T.","Puller, Chesty, 1898-1971","Richards, James N. C. (James Neville Cocke), ?-1918","Rockwell, Kiffin Y. (Kiffin Yates), 1892-1916","Rosenbaum, Joseph M. (Joseph Marx), ?-1928","Selvage, Donald H., Jr. (Donald Hollis)","Sydnor, George W., Jr. (George Woodson)","Talman, Woods G. (Woods Garth)","Tosh, James T. (James Thomas), 1838-1894","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1874-1968","Wood, Martin B., 1845?-1908","Rockne, Knute, 1888-1931","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Morson, J. Andrew","Read, Hernando M.","James, Russell","Robb, Charles A., Governor","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection, 1860/2013"],"collection_ssim":["Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection, 1860/2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0226.Oversized","/repositories/3/resources/777"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0226.Oversized","/repositories/3/resources/777"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Amory, Thomas D. (Thomas Dwyer), 1893-1918"],"creator_ssim":["Amory, Thomas D. (Thomas Dwyer), 1893-1918"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Amory, Thomas D. (Thomas Dwyer), 1893-1918","Baldwin, Richard","Belden, Arthur W., Jr. (Arthur Williams)","Bissell, Norman M. (Norman Michael), 1938-2019","Brister, Charles M. (Charles Melville), 1889-?","Carroll, Robert P. \"Doc\"","Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012","Daniels, Jonathan M. (Jonathan Myrick), 1939-1965","Davis, Samuel G. (Samuel Griffith), ?-1943","Elliott, Thomas N., Jr.","Foster, Charles E., Jr. (Charles Edgar), 1903-1938","Heflin, S. Murray (Sterling Murray)","Hippey, Frederick A. (Frederick Allen), ?-1945","Jamerson, Osmond T. (Osmond Tower), 1906-1975","Johnson, H. B., Jr. (Henry Belton), ?-1931","Lattin, John H., Jr., ?-1967","Mallory, Francis","Mapp, John A.","Millar, Charles M. (Charles Maynard), 1910-1946","Miller, Giles H., Jr. (Giles Henry)","Miller, John C. (John Craig)","Morson, William A. (William Alexander), 1843-1903","Pate, Randolph M. (Randolph McCall)","Pitkethly, David T.","Puller, Chesty, 1898-1971","Richards, James N. C. (James Neville Cocke), ?-1918","Rockwell, Kiffin Y. (Kiffin Yates), 1892-1916","Rosenbaum, Joseph M. (Joseph Marx), ?-1928","Selvage, Donald H., Jr. (Donald Hollis)","Sydnor, George W., Jr. (George Woodson)","Talman, Woods G. (Woods Garth)","Tosh, James T. (James Thomas), 1838-1894","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1874-1968","Wood, Martin B., 1845?-1908","Rockne, Knute, 1888-1931","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Morson, J. Andrew","Read, Hernando M.","James, Russell","Robb, Charles A., Governor"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Washington and Lee University","Virginia Military Institute. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Sigma Nu","Phi Kapp Phi"],"creators_ssim":["Amory, Thomas D. (Thomas Dwyer), 1893-1918","Baldwin, Richard","Belden, Arthur W., Jr. (Arthur Williams)","Bissell, Norman M. (Norman Michael), 1938-2019","Brister, Charles M. (Charles Melville), 1889-?","Carroll, Robert P. \"Doc\"","Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012","Daniels, Jonathan M. (Jonathan Myrick), 1939-1965","Davis, Samuel G. (Samuel Griffith), ?-1943","Elliott, Thomas N., Jr.","Foster, Charles E., Jr. (Charles Edgar), 1903-1938","Heflin, S. Murray (Sterling Murray)","Hippey, Frederick A. (Frederick Allen), ?-1945","Jamerson, Osmond T. (Osmond Tower), 1906-1975","Johnson, H. B., Jr. (Henry Belton), ?-1931","Lattin, John H., Jr., ?-1967","Mallory, Francis","Mapp, John A.","Millar, Charles M. (Charles Maynard), 1910-1946","Miller, Giles H., Jr. (Giles Henry)","Miller, John C. (John Craig)","Morson, William A. (William Alexander), 1843-1903","Pate, Randolph M. (Randolph McCall)","Pitkethly, David T.","Puller, Chesty, 1898-1971","Richards, James N. C. (James Neville Cocke), ?-1918","Rockwell, Kiffin Y. (Kiffin Yates), 1892-1916","Rosenbaum, Joseph M. (Joseph Marx), ?-1928","Selvage, Donald H., Jr. (Donald Hollis)","Sydnor, George W., Jr. (George Woodson)","Talman, Woods G. (Woods Garth)","Tosh, James T. (James Thomas), 1838-1894","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1874-1968","Wood, Martin B., 1845?-1908","Rockne, Knute, 1888-1931","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Morson, J. Andrew","Read, Hernando M.","James, Russell","Robb, Charles A., Governor","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Washington and Lee University","Virginia Military Institute. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Sigma Nu","Phi Kapp Phi"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Certificates","Military commissions"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Certificates","Military commissions"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 cubic feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 cubic feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Certificates","Military commissions"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas Dwyer Amory (VMI Class of 1916) was a First Lieutenant, 26th Infantry (Regular), 1st Division, American Expeditionary Forces. He was killed in action while leading an assaulting platoon ahead of his regiment, near Verdun, France on October 2, 1918.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn H. Lattin, Jr. was killed in action in Vietnam on December 15, 1967.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJ. Andrew Morson is the brother of VMI New Market cadet William A. Morson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKiffin Yates Rockwell attended VMI in 1909. During World War I he was accepted by the Service Aeronautique, began flight training in September 1915, and in April became one of the founding pilots in the squadron initially known as the Escadrille Americaine (later called the Lafayette Escadrille). In May 1916 while on patrol at the front, he became the first American pilot to down an enemy plane. Rockwell subsequently flew dozens of patrols and fought in many air battles, gaining fame for his skill and courage. His final combat took place on September 23, 1916, when his Nieuport was downed by the gunner in a German Albatross observation plane. Rockwell is buried in the cemetery at Luxeuil-les-Bains, France.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas Dwyer Amory (VMI Class of 1916) was a First Lieutenant, 26th Infantry (Regular), 1st Division, American Expeditionary Forces. He was killed in action while leading an assaulting platoon ahead of his regiment, near Verdun, France on October 2, 1918.","John H. Lattin, Jr. was killed in action in Vietnam on December 15, 1967.","J. Andrew Morson is the brother of VMI New Market cadet William A. Morson.","Kiffin Yates Rockwell attended VMI in 1909. During World War I he was accepted by the Service Aeronautique, began flight training in September 1915, and in April became one of the founding pilots in the squadron initially known as the Escadrille Americaine (later called the Lafayette Escadrille). In May 1916 while on patrol at the front, he became the first American pilot to down an enemy plane. Rockwell subsequently flew dozens of patrols and fought in many air battles, gaining fame for his skill and courage. His final combat took place on September 23, 1916, when his Nieuport was downed by the gunner in a German Albatross observation plane. Rockwell is buried in the cemetery at Luxeuil-les-Bains, France."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJanuary 23, 1918.\u003cbr\u003e\nNumber 3.\u003cbr\u003e\nLa Fayette Flying Corps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn recognition of the services rendered to France and her Allies for the cause of humanity, this certificate has been issued to S/Lieut Kiffin Yates Rockwell who served during the European war in the capacity of Pilot in the LaFayette Escadrille. Killed on Sept. 23, 1916.  Thereby in a measure repaying the great debt which America owes to France and contributing to the victory of Liberty and Civilization over military Autocracy and Barbarism.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["January 23, 1918.\nNumber 3.\nLa Fayette Flying Corps.","In recognition of the services rendered to France and her Allies for the cause of humanity, this certificate has been issued to S/Lieut Kiffin Yates Rockwell who served during the European war in the capacity of Pilot in the LaFayette Escadrille. Killed on Sept. 23, 1916.  Thereby in a measure repaying the great debt which America owes to France and contributing to the victory of Liberty and Civilization over military Autocracy and Barbarism."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlumni and VMI certificates and citations collection, 1860-2013. MS 0226. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection, 1860-2013. MS 0226. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of certificates, citations, commissions, and similar documentation associated with VMI alumni, faculty, staff, or VMI as a whole. The collection does not include VMI diplomas or literary society certificates, which are filed separately.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eCertificate presented to Richard Baldwin (VMI Class of 1942) that commemorates his passage across the International Dateline.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA certificate (in French) appointing Lieutenant Colonel Arthur W. Belden, Jr. an honorary member of the French Foreign Legion in recognition of services rendered.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA certificate of honorary membership for faculty member Robert P. Carroll in the Phi Psi Chapter at the Medical College of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains one cartoon/caricature (1981) presented to William H. Dabney relating to his assignment at the National Emergency Airborne Command Post, and one memorial resolution (2012) passed by the Virginia senate honoring the contributions of Dabney.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificate awarded to Samuel G. Davis for completion of courses in physics and astronomy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificate from the Rockne-Meanwell School for Coaches, Football, and Basketball held at Washington and Lee University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes the citation: \"In grateful memory of Major Frederick A. Hippey who died in the service of his country in the Asiatic Area, August 6, 1945\".  Signed by President Truman. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso included are three certificates in Chinese:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAppointment of Hippey as an instructor in the artillery section of the Training Corps, Yunnan Branch of Military Council of China signed by Chiang Kai-shek, Head of Training Corps\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCertificate of award in consideration of meritorious services\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Special Breast Order of the Cloud and Banner, presented by the National Government of China, Chiang Chung-Cheng, President, January 30, 1946\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo certificates, including an Honorary degree from Washington and Lee University and a membership certificate for the Sons of the American Revolution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo track and field team certificates for the 220 yard low hurdles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a citation (1946) that reads \"in grateful memory of Charles M. Millar who died in the service of his country,\" signed by President Harry S. Truman. Also includes a certificate (1943), humorous, U.S.S. Henderson, \"Solemn Mysteries of the Ancient Order of the Deep.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCitation for extraordinary heroism at Lucy le Bocage, France, June 1918.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Military Order of the Carabao\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth of Virginia recognition of Chesty Puller Day, June 26, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificates of course of study completion in various academic classes at VMI.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificates that appoint James T. Tosh as a sergeant in the 1st Infantry, and Medical Department, Virginia Volunteers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAppoints Martin B. Wood as Judge, Scott County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAppointment certificates for the following honorary alumnus:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBaldwin G. Locher\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMary Moody Northe\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVirgil D. Bradley\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRichard H. Kemper, Sr.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRobert Patterson\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFredrik Wachtmeister\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLouis G. Kuchuris\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVMI faculty traditionally receive commissions in the Virginia Militia, unorganized. This file contains historical examples of these documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIssued by New York Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller on the occasion of the opening of the Virginia Civil War Centennial Center in Richmond, Virginia. Confederate banners of the Fifth Virginia Cavalry captured during the Civil War were returned by the State of New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificate of appreciation for coaches clinic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAwarded to cadet publications \"The Bomb\" and \"The Sniper.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResolution honors VMI for winning the Southern Conference championship.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of certificates, citations, commissions, and similar documentation associated with VMI alumni, faculty, staff, or VMI as a whole. The collection does not include VMI diplomas or literary society certificates, which are filed separately.","Certificate presented to Richard Baldwin (VMI Class of 1942) that commemorates his passage across the International Dateline.","A certificate (in French) appointing Lieutenant Colonel Arthur W. Belden, Jr. an honorary member of the French Foreign Legion in recognition of services rendered.","A certificate of honorary membership for faculty member Robert P. Carroll in the Phi Psi Chapter at the Medical College of Virginia.","This folder contains one cartoon/caricature (1981) presented to William H. Dabney relating to his assignment at the National Emergency Airborne Command Post, and one memorial resolution (2012) passed by the Virginia senate honoring the contributions of Dabney.","Certificate awarded to Samuel G. Davis for completion of courses in physics and astronomy.","Certificate from the Rockne-Meanwell School for Coaches, Football, and Basketball held at Washington and Lee University.","Includes the citation: \"In grateful memory of Major Frederick A. Hippey who died in the service of his country in the Asiatic Area, August 6, 1945\".  Signed by President Truman.","Also included are three certificates in Chinese:\n\nAppointment of Hippey as an instructor in the artillery section of the Training Corps, Yunnan Branch of Military Council of China signed by Chiang Kai-shek, Head of Training Corps\nCertificate of award in consideration of meritorious services\nThe Special Breast Order of the Cloud and Banner, presented by the National Government of China, Chiang Chung-Cheng, President, January 30, 1946","Two certificates, including an Honorary degree from Washington and Lee University and a membership certificate for the Sons of the American Revolution.","Two track and field team certificates for the 220 yard low hurdles.","Includes a citation (1946) that reads \"in grateful memory of Charles M. Millar who died in the service of his country,\" signed by President Harry S. Truman. Also includes a certificate (1943), humorous, U.S.S. Henderson, \"Solemn Mysteries of the Ancient Order of the Deep.\"","Citation for extraordinary heroism at Lucy le Bocage, France, June 1918.","\"Military Order of the Carabao\"","Commonwealth of Virginia recognition of Chesty Puller Day, June 26, 1998.","Certificates of course of study completion in various academic classes at VMI.","Certificates that appoint James T. Tosh as a sergeant in the 1st Infantry, and Medical Department, Virginia Volunteers.","Appoints Martin B. Wood as Judge, Scott County, Virginia.","Appointment certificates for the following honorary alumnus:\n\nBaldwin G. Locher\nMary Moody Northe\nVirgil D. Bradley\nRichard H. Kemper, Sr.\nRobert Patterson\nFredrik Wachtmeister\nLouis G. Kuchuris","VMI faculty traditionally receive commissions in the Virginia Militia, unorganized. This file contains historical examples of these documents.","Issued by New York Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller on the occasion of the opening of the Virginia Civil War Centennial Center in Richmond, Virginia. Confederate banners of the Fifth Virginia Cavalry captured during the Civil War were returned by the State of New York.","Certificate of appreciation for coaches clinic.","Awarded to cadet publications \"The Bomb\" and \"The Sniper.\"","Resolution honors VMI for winning the Southern Conference championship."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b522f816fb6ee1bef71bb1510b6710b7\"\u003eOversized Case 1, Drawer 4\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Oversized Case 1, Drawer 4"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Washington and Lee University","Virginia Military Institute. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Sigma Nu","Phi Kapp Phi"],"persname_ssim":["Amory, Thomas D. (Thomas Dwyer), 1893-1918","Baldwin, Richard","Belden, Arthur W., Jr. (Arthur Williams)","Bissell, Norman M. (Norman Michael), 1938-2019","Brister, Charles M. (Charles Melville), 1889-?","Carroll, Robert P. \"Doc\"","Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012","Daniels, Jonathan M. (Jonathan Myrick), 1939-1965","Davis, Samuel G. (Samuel Griffith), ?-1943","Elliott, Thomas N., Jr.","Foster, Charles E., Jr. (Charles Edgar), 1903-1938","Heflin, S. Murray (Sterling Murray)","Hippey, Frederick A. (Frederick Allen), ?-1945","Jamerson, Osmond T. (Osmond Tower), 1906-1975","Johnson, H. B., Jr. (Henry Belton), ?-1931","Lattin, John H., Jr., ?-1967","Mallory, Francis","Mapp, John A.","Millar, Charles M. (Charles Maynard), 1910-1946","Miller, Giles H., Jr. (Giles Henry)","Miller, John C. (John Craig)","Morson, William A. (William Alexander), 1843-1903","Pate, Randolph M. (Randolph McCall)","Pitkethly, David T.","Puller, Chesty, 1898-1971","Richards, James N. C. (James Neville Cocke), ?-1918","Rockwell, Kiffin Y. (Kiffin Yates), 1892-1916","Rosenbaum, Joseph M. (Joseph Marx), ?-1928","Selvage, Donald H., Jr. (Donald Hollis)","Sydnor, George W., Jr. (George Woodson)","Talman, Woods G. (Woods Garth)","Tosh, James T. (James Thomas), 1838-1894","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1874-1968","Wood, Martin B., 1845?-1908","Rockne, Knute, 1888-1931","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Morson, J. Andrew","Read, Hernando M.","James, Russell","Robb, Charles A., Governor"],"names_coll_ssim":["Baldwin, Richard","Belden, Arthur W., Jr. (Arthur Williams)","Bissell, Norman M. (Norman Michael), 1938-2019","Brister, Charles M. (Charles Melville), 1889-?","Carroll, Robert P. \"Doc\"","Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012","Daniels, Jonathan M. (Jonathan Myrick), 1939-1965","Davis, Samuel G. (Samuel Griffith), ?-1943","Elliott, Thomas N., Jr.","Foster, Charles E., Jr. (Charles Edgar), 1903-1938","Heflin, S. Murray (Sterling Murray)","Hippey, Frederick A. (Frederick Allen), ?-1945","Jamerson, Osmond T. (Osmond Tower), 1906-1975","Johnson, H. B., Jr. (Henry Belton), ?-1931","Lattin, John H., Jr., ?-1967","Mallory, Francis","Mapp, John A.","Millar, Charles M. (Charles Maynard), 1910-1946","Miller, Giles H., Jr. (Giles Henry)","Miller, John C. (John Craig)","Morson, William A. (William Alexander), 1843-1903","Pate, Randolph M. (Randolph McCall)","Pitkethly, David T.","Puller, Chesty, 1898-1971","Richards, James N. C. (James Neville Cocke), ?-1918","Rockwell, Kiffin Y. (Kiffin Yates), 1892-1916","Rosenbaum, Joseph M. (Joseph Marx), ?-1928","Selvage, Donald H., Jr. (Donald Hollis)","Sydnor, George W., Jr. (George Woodson)","Talman, Woods G. (Woods Garth)","Tosh, James T. (James Thomas), 1838-1894","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1874-1968","Wood, Martin B., 1845?-1908"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Washington and Lee University","Virginia Military Institute. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Sigma Nu","Phi Kapp Phi","Amory, Thomas D. (Thomas Dwyer), 1893-1918","Baldwin, Richard","Belden, Arthur W., Jr. (Arthur Williams)","Bissell, Norman M. (Norman Michael), 1938-2019","Brister, Charles M. (Charles Melville), 1889-?","Carroll, Robert P. \"Doc\"","Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012","Daniels, Jonathan M. (Jonathan Myrick), 1939-1965","Davis, Samuel G. (Samuel Griffith), ?-1943","Elliott, Thomas N., Jr.","Foster, Charles E., Jr. (Charles Edgar), 1903-1938","Heflin, S. Murray (Sterling Murray)","Hippey, Frederick A. (Frederick Allen), ?-1945","Jamerson, Osmond T. (Osmond Tower), 1906-1975","Johnson, H. B., Jr. (Henry Belton), ?-1931","Lattin, John H., Jr., ?-1967","Mallory, Francis","Mapp, John A.","Millar, Charles M. (Charles Maynard), 1910-1946","Miller, Giles H., Jr. (Giles Henry)","Miller, John C. (John Craig)","Morson, William A. (William Alexander), 1843-1903","Pate, Randolph M. (Randolph McCall)","Pitkethly, David T.","Puller, Chesty, 1898-1971","Richards, James N. C. (James Neville Cocke), ?-1918","Rockwell, Kiffin Y. (Kiffin Yates), 1892-1916","Rosenbaum, Joseph M. (Joseph Marx), ?-1928","Selvage, Donald H., Jr. (Donald Hollis)","Sydnor, George W., Jr. (George Woodson)","Talman, Woods G. (Woods Garth)","Tosh, James T. (James Thomas), 1838-1894","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1874-1968","Wood, Martin B., 1845?-1908","Rockne, Knute, 1888-1931","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Morson, J. Andrew","Read, Hernando M.","James, Russell","Robb, Charles A., Governor"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":84,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_777","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_777","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_777","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_777","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_777.xml","title_ssm":["Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection"],"title_tesim":["Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-2013"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection, 1860/2013"],"text":["Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection, 1860/2013","MS.0226.Oversized","/repositories/3/resources/777","Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Certificates","Military commissions","There are no restrictions","Thomas Dwyer Amory (VMI Class of 1916) was a First Lieutenant, 26th Infantry (Regular), 1st Division, American Expeditionary Forces. He was killed in action while leading an assaulting platoon ahead of his regiment, near Verdun, France on October 2, 1918.","John H. Lattin, Jr. was killed in action in Vietnam on December 15, 1967.","J. Andrew Morson is the brother of VMI New Market cadet William A. Morson.","Kiffin Yates Rockwell attended VMI in 1909. During World War I he was accepted by the Service Aeronautique, began flight training in September 1915, and in April became one of the founding pilots in the squadron initially known as the Escadrille Americaine (later called the Lafayette Escadrille). In May 1916 while on patrol at the front, he became the first American pilot to down an enemy plane. Rockwell subsequently flew dozens of patrols and fought in many air battles, gaining fame for his skill and courage. His final combat took place on September 23, 1916, when his Nieuport was downed by the gunner in a German Albatross observation plane. Rockwell is buried in the cemetery at Luxeuil-les-Bains, France.","January 23, 1918.\nNumber 3.\nLa Fayette Flying Corps.","In recognition of the services rendered to France and her Allies for the cause of humanity, this certificate has been issued to S/Lieut Kiffin Yates Rockwell who served during the European war in the capacity of Pilot in the LaFayette Escadrille. Killed on Sept. 23, 1916.  Thereby in a measure repaying the great debt which America owes to France and contributing to the victory of Liberty and Civilization over military Autocracy and Barbarism.","This collection consists of certificates, citations, commissions, and similar documentation associated with VMI alumni, faculty, staff, or VMI as a whole. The collection does not include VMI diplomas or literary society certificates, which are filed separately.","Certificate presented to Richard Baldwin (VMI Class of 1942) that commemorates his passage across the International Dateline.","A certificate (in French) appointing Lieutenant Colonel Arthur W. Belden, Jr. an honorary member of the French Foreign Legion in recognition of services rendered.","A certificate of honorary membership for faculty member Robert P. Carroll in the Phi Psi Chapter at the Medical College of Virginia.","This folder contains one cartoon/caricature (1981) presented to William H. Dabney relating to his assignment at the National Emergency Airborne Command Post, and one memorial resolution (2012) passed by the Virginia senate honoring the contributions of Dabney.","Certificate awarded to Samuel G. Davis for completion of courses in physics and astronomy.","Certificate from the Rockne-Meanwell School for Coaches, Football, and Basketball held at Washington and Lee University.","Includes the citation: \"In grateful memory of Major Frederick A. Hippey who died in the service of his country in the Asiatic Area, August 6, 1945\".  Signed by President Truman.","Also included are three certificates in Chinese:\n\nAppointment of Hippey as an instructor in the artillery section of the Training Corps, Yunnan Branch of Military Council of China signed by Chiang Kai-shek, Head of Training Corps\nCertificate of award in consideration of meritorious services\nThe Special Breast Order of the Cloud and Banner, presented by the National Government of China, Chiang Chung-Cheng, President, January 30, 1946","Two certificates, including an Honorary degree from Washington and Lee University and a membership certificate for the Sons of the American Revolution.","Two track and field team certificates for the 220 yard low hurdles.","Includes a citation (1946) that reads \"in grateful memory of Charles M. Millar who died in the service of his country,\" signed by President Harry S. Truman. Also includes a certificate (1943), humorous, U.S.S. Henderson, \"Solemn Mysteries of the Ancient Order of the Deep.\"","Citation for extraordinary heroism at Lucy le Bocage, France, June 1918.","\"Military Order of the Carabao\"","Commonwealth of Virginia recognition of Chesty Puller Day, June 26, 1998.","Certificates of course of study completion in various academic classes at VMI.","Certificates that appoint James T. Tosh as a sergeant in the 1st Infantry, and Medical Department, Virginia Volunteers.","Appoints Martin B. Wood as Judge, Scott County, Virginia.","Appointment certificates for the following honorary alumnus:\n\nBaldwin G. Locher\nMary Moody Northe\nVirgil D. Bradley\nRichard H. Kemper, Sr.\nRobert Patterson\nFredrik Wachtmeister\nLouis G. Kuchuris","VMI faculty traditionally receive commissions in the Virginia Militia, unorganized. This file contains historical examples of these documents.","Issued by New York Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller on the occasion of the opening of the Virginia Civil War Centennial Center in Richmond, Virginia. Confederate banners of the Fifth Virginia Cavalry captured during the Civil War were returned by the State of New York.","Certificate of appreciation for coaches clinic.","Awarded to cadet publications \"The Bomb\" and \"The Sniper.\"","Resolution honors VMI for winning the Southern Conference championship.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Oversized Case 1, Drawer 4","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Washington and Lee University","Virginia Military Institute. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Sigma Nu","Phi Kapp Phi","Amory, Thomas D. (Thomas Dwyer), 1893-1918","Baldwin, Richard","Belden, Arthur W., Jr. (Arthur Williams)","Bissell, Norman M. (Norman Michael), 1938-2019","Brister, Charles M. (Charles Melville), 1889-?","Carroll, Robert P. \"Doc\"","Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012","Daniels, Jonathan M. (Jonathan Myrick), 1939-1965","Davis, Samuel G. (Samuel Griffith), ?-1943","Elliott, Thomas N., Jr.","Foster, Charles E., Jr. (Charles Edgar), 1903-1938","Heflin, S. Murray (Sterling Murray)","Hippey, Frederick A. (Frederick Allen), ?-1945","Jamerson, Osmond T. (Osmond Tower), 1906-1975","Johnson, H. B., Jr. (Henry Belton), ?-1931","Lattin, John H., Jr., ?-1967","Mallory, Francis","Mapp, John A.","Millar, Charles M. (Charles Maynard), 1910-1946","Miller, Giles H., Jr. (Giles Henry)","Miller, John C. (John Craig)","Morson, William A. (William Alexander), 1843-1903","Pate, Randolph M. (Randolph McCall)","Pitkethly, David T.","Puller, Chesty, 1898-1971","Richards, James N. C. (James Neville Cocke), ?-1918","Rockwell, Kiffin Y. (Kiffin Yates), 1892-1916","Rosenbaum, Joseph M. (Joseph Marx), ?-1928","Selvage, Donald H., Jr. (Donald Hollis)","Sydnor, George W., Jr. (George Woodson)","Talman, Woods G. (Woods Garth)","Tosh, James T. (James Thomas), 1838-1894","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1874-1968","Wood, Martin B., 1845?-1908","Rockne, Knute, 1888-1931","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Morson, J. Andrew","Read, Hernando M.","James, Russell","Robb, Charles A., Governor","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection, 1860/2013"],"collection_ssim":["Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection, 1860/2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0226.Oversized","/repositories/3/resources/777"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0226.Oversized","/repositories/3/resources/777"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Amory, Thomas D. (Thomas Dwyer), 1893-1918"],"creator_ssim":["Amory, Thomas D. (Thomas Dwyer), 1893-1918"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Amory, Thomas D. (Thomas Dwyer), 1893-1918","Baldwin, Richard","Belden, Arthur W., Jr. (Arthur Williams)","Bissell, Norman M. (Norman Michael), 1938-2019","Brister, Charles M. (Charles Melville), 1889-?","Carroll, Robert P. \"Doc\"","Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012","Daniels, Jonathan M. (Jonathan Myrick), 1939-1965","Davis, Samuel G. (Samuel Griffith), ?-1943","Elliott, Thomas N., Jr.","Foster, Charles E., Jr. (Charles Edgar), 1903-1938","Heflin, S. Murray (Sterling Murray)","Hippey, Frederick A. (Frederick Allen), ?-1945","Jamerson, Osmond T. (Osmond Tower), 1906-1975","Johnson, H. B., Jr. (Henry Belton), ?-1931","Lattin, John H., Jr., ?-1967","Mallory, Francis","Mapp, John A.","Millar, Charles M. (Charles Maynard), 1910-1946","Miller, Giles H., Jr. (Giles Henry)","Miller, John C. (John Craig)","Morson, William A. (William Alexander), 1843-1903","Pate, Randolph M. (Randolph McCall)","Pitkethly, David T.","Puller, Chesty, 1898-1971","Richards, James N. C. (James Neville Cocke), ?-1918","Rockwell, Kiffin Y. (Kiffin Yates), 1892-1916","Rosenbaum, Joseph M. (Joseph Marx), ?-1928","Selvage, Donald H., Jr. (Donald Hollis)","Sydnor, George W., Jr. (George Woodson)","Talman, Woods G. (Woods Garth)","Tosh, James T. (James Thomas), 1838-1894","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1874-1968","Wood, Martin B., 1845?-1908","Rockne, Knute, 1888-1931","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Morson, J. Andrew","Read, Hernando M.","James, Russell","Robb, Charles A., Governor"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Washington and Lee University","Virginia Military Institute. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Sigma Nu","Phi Kapp Phi"],"creators_ssim":["Amory, Thomas D. (Thomas Dwyer), 1893-1918","Baldwin, Richard","Belden, Arthur W., Jr. (Arthur Williams)","Bissell, Norman M. (Norman Michael), 1938-2019","Brister, Charles M. (Charles Melville), 1889-?","Carroll, Robert P. \"Doc\"","Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012","Daniels, Jonathan M. (Jonathan Myrick), 1939-1965","Davis, Samuel G. (Samuel Griffith), ?-1943","Elliott, Thomas N., Jr.","Foster, Charles E., Jr. (Charles Edgar), 1903-1938","Heflin, S. Murray (Sterling Murray)","Hippey, Frederick A. (Frederick Allen), ?-1945","Jamerson, Osmond T. (Osmond Tower), 1906-1975","Johnson, H. B., Jr. (Henry Belton), ?-1931","Lattin, John H., Jr., ?-1967","Mallory, Francis","Mapp, John A.","Millar, Charles M. (Charles Maynard), 1910-1946","Miller, Giles H., Jr. (Giles Henry)","Miller, John C. (John Craig)","Morson, William A. (William Alexander), 1843-1903","Pate, Randolph M. (Randolph McCall)","Pitkethly, David T.","Puller, Chesty, 1898-1971","Richards, James N. C. (James Neville Cocke), ?-1918","Rockwell, Kiffin Y. (Kiffin Yates), 1892-1916","Rosenbaum, Joseph M. (Joseph Marx), ?-1928","Selvage, Donald H., Jr. (Donald Hollis)","Sydnor, George W., Jr. (George Woodson)","Talman, Woods G. (Woods Garth)","Tosh, James T. (James Thomas), 1838-1894","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1874-1968","Wood, Martin B., 1845?-1908","Rockne, Knute, 1888-1931","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Morson, J. Andrew","Read, Hernando M.","James, Russell","Robb, Charles A., Governor","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Washington and Lee University","Virginia Military Institute. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Sigma Nu","Phi Kapp Phi"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Certificates","Military commissions"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Alumni—Biography","Certificates","Military commissions"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 cubic feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 cubic feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Certificates","Military commissions"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas Dwyer Amory (VMI Class of 1916) was a First Lieutenant, 26th Infantry (Regular), 1st Division, American Expeditionary Forces. He was killed in action while leading an assaulting platoon ahead of his regiment, near Verdun, France on October 2, 1918.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn H. Lattin, Jr. was killed in action in Vietnam on December 15, 1967.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJ. Andrew Morson is the brother of VMI New Market cadet William A. Morson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKiffin Yates Rockwell attended VMI in 1909. During World War I he was accepted by the Service Aeronautique, began flight training in September 1915, and in April became one of the founding pilots in the squadron initially known as the Escadrille Americaine (later called the Lafayette Escadrille). In May 1916 while on patrol at the front, he became the first American pilot to down an enemy plane. Rockwell subsequently flew dozens of patrols and fought in many air battles, gaining fame for his skill and courage. His final combat took place on September 23, 1916, when his Nieuport was downed by the gunner in a German Albatross observation plane. Rockwell is buried in the cemetery at Luxeuil-les-Bains, France.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas Dwyer Amory (VMI Class of 1916) was a First Lieutenant, 26th Infantry (Regular), 1st Division, American Expeditionary Forces. He was killed in action while leading an assaulting platoon ahead of his regiment, near Verdun, France on October 2, 1918.","John H. Lattin, Jr. was killed in action in Vietnam on December 15, 1967.","J. Andrew Morson is the brother of VMI New Market cadet William A. Morson.","Kiffin Yates Rockwell attended VMI in 1909. During World War I he was accepted by the Service Aeronautique, began flight training in September 1915, and in April became one of the founding pilots in the squadron initially known as the Escadrille Americaine (later called the Lafayette Escadrille). In May 1916 while on patrol at the front, he became the first American pilot to down an enemy plane. Rockwell subsequently flew dozens of patrols and fought in many air battles, gaining fame for his skill and courage. His final combat took place on September 23, 1916, when his Nieuport was downed by the gunner in a German Albatross observation plane. Rockwell is buried in the cemetery at Luxeuil-les-Bains, France."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJanuary 23, 1918.\u003cbr\u003e\nNumber 3.\u003cbr\u003e\nLa Fayette Flying Corps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn recognition of the services rendered to France and her Allies for the cause of humanity, this certificate has been issued to S/Lieut Kiffin Yates Rockwell who served during the European war in the capacity of Pilot in the LaFayette Escadrille. Killed on Sept. 23, 1916.  Thereby in a measure repaying the great debt which America owes to France and contributing to the victory of Liberty and Civilization over military Autocracy and Barbarism.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["January 23, 1918.\nNumber 3.\nLa Fayette Flying Corps.","In recognition of the services rendered to France and her Allies for the cause of humanity, this certificate has been issued to S/Lieut Kiffin Yates Rockwell who served during the European war in the capacity of Pilot in the LaFayette Escadrille. Killed on Sept. 23, 1916.  Thereby in a measure repaying the great debt which America owes to France and contributing to the victory of Liberty and Civilization over military Autocracy and Barbarism."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlumni and VMI certificates and citations collection, 1860-2013. MS 0226. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection, 1860-2013. MS 0226. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of certificates, citations, commissions, and similar documentation associated with VMI alumni, faculty, staff, or VMI as a whole. The collection does not include VMI diplomas or literary society certificates, which are filed separately.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eCertificate presented to Richard Baldwin (VMI Class of 1942) that commemorates his passage across the International Dateline.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA certificate (in French) appointing Lieutenant Colonel Arthur W. Belden, Jr. an honorary member of the French Foreign Legion in recognition of services rendered.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA certificate of honorary membership for faculty member Robert P. Carroll in the Phi Psi Chapter at the Medical College of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains one cartoon/caricature (1981) presented to William H. Dabney relating to his assignment at the National Emergency Airborne Command Post, and one memorial resolution (2012) passed by the Virginia senate honoring the contributions of Dabney.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificate awarded to Samuel G. Davis for completion of courses in physics and astronomy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificate from the Rockne-Meanwell School for Coaches, Football, and Basketball held at Washington and Lee University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes the citation: \"In grateful memory of Major Frederick A. Hippey who died in the service of his country in the Asiatic Area, August 6, 1945\".  Signed by President Truman. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso included are three certificates in Chinese:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAppointment of Hippey as an instructor in the artillery section of the Training Corps, Yunnan Branch of Military Council of China signed by Chiang Kai-shek, Head of Training Corps\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCertificate of award in consideration of meritorious services\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Special Breast Order of the Cloud and Banner, presented by the National Government of China, Chiang Chung-Cheng, President, January 30, 1946\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo certificates, including an Honorary degree from Washington and Lee University and a membership certificate for the Sons of the American Revolution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo track and field team certificates for the 220 yard low hurdles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a citation (1946) that reads \"in grateful memory of Charles M. Millar who died in the service of his country,\" signed by President Harry S. Truman. Also includes a certificate (1943), humorous, U.S.S. Henderson, \"Solemn Mysteries of the Ancient Order of the Deep.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCitation for extraordinary heroism at Lucy le Bocage, France, June 1918.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Military Order of the Carabao\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth of Virginia recognition of Chesty Puller Day, June 26, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificates of course of study completion in various academic classes at VMI.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificates that appoint James T. Tosh as a sergeant in the 1st Infantry, and Medical Department, Virginia Volunteers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAppoints Martin B. Wood as Judge, Scott County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAppointment certificates for the following honorary alumnus:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBaldwin G. Locher\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMary Moody Northe\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVirgil D. Bradley\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRichard H. Kemper, Sr.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRobert Patterson\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFredrik Wachtmeister\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLouis G. Kuchuris\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVMI faculty traditionally receive commissions in the Virginia Militia, unorganized. This file contains historical examples of these documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIssued by New York Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller on the occasion of the opening of the Virginia Civil War Centennial Center in Richmond, Virginia. Confederate banners of the Fifth Virginia Cavalry captured during the Civil War were returned by the State of New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificate of appreciation for coaches clinic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAwarded to cadet publications \"The Bomb\" and \"The Sniper.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResolution honors VMI for winning the Southern Conference championship.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of certificates, citations, commissions, and similar documentation associated with VMI alumni, faculty, staff, or VMI as a whole. The collection does not include VMI diplomas or literary society certificates, which are filed separately.","Certificate presented to Richard Baldwin (VMI Class of 1942) that commemorates his passage across the International Dateline.","A certificate (in French) appointing Lieutenant Colonel Arthur W. Belden, Jr. an honorary member of the French Foreign Legion in recognition of services rendered.","A certificate of honorary membership for faculty member Robert P. Carroll in the Phi Psi Chapter at the Medical College of Virginia.","This folder contains one cartoon/caricature (1981) presented to William H. Dabney relating to his assignment at the National Emergency Airborne Command Post, and one memorial resolution (2012) passed by the Virginia senate honoring the contributions of Dabney.","Certificate awarded to Samuel G. Davis for completion of courses in physics and astronomy.","Certificate from the Rockne-Meanwell School for Coaches, Football, and Basketball held at Washington and Lee University.","Includes the citation: \"In grateful memory of Major Frederick A. Hippey who died in the service of his country in the Asiatic Area, August 6, 1945\".  Signed by President Truman.","Also included are three certificates in Chinese:\n\nAppointment of Hippey as an instructor in the artillery section of the Training Corps, Yunnan Branch of Military Council of China signed by Chiang Kai-shek, Head of Training Corps\nCertificate of award in consideration of meritorious services\nThe Special Breast Order of the Cloud and Banner, presented by the National Government of China, Chiang Chung-Cheng, President, January 30, 1946","Two certificates, including an Honorary degree from Washington and Lee University and a membership certificate for the Sons of the American Revolution.","Two track and field team certificates for the 220 yard low hurdles.","Includes a citation (1946) that reads \"in grateful memory of Charles M. Millar who died in the service of his country,\" signed by President Harry S. Truman. Also includes a certificate (1943), humorous, U.S.S. Henderson, \"Solemn Mysteries of the Ancient Order of the Deep.\"","Citation for extraordinary heroism at Lucy le Bocage, France, June 1918.","\"Military Order of the Carabao\"","Commonwealth of Virginia recognition of Chesty Puller Day, June 26, 1998.","Certificates of course of study completion in various academic classes at VMI.","Certificates that appoint James T. Tosh as a sergeant in the 1st Infantry, and Medical Department, Virginia Volunteers.","Appoints Martin B. Wood as Judge, Scott County, Virginia.","Appointment certificates for the following honorary alumnus:\n\nBaldwin G. Locher\nMary Moody Northe\nVirgil D. Bradley\nRichard H. Kemper, Sr.\nRobert Patterson\nFredrik Wachtmeister\nLouis G. Kuchuris","VMI faculty traditionally receive commissions in the Virginia Militia, unorganized. This file contains historical examples of these documents.","Issued by New York Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller on the occasion of the opening of the Virginia Civil War Centennial Center in Richmond, Virginia. Confederate banners of the Fifth Virginia Cavalry captured during the Civil War were returned by the State of New York.","Certificate of appreciation for coaches clinic.","Awarded to cadet publications \"The Bomb\" and \"The Sniper.\"","Resolution honors VMI for winning the Southern Conference championship."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b522f816fb6ee1bef71bb1510b6710b7\"\u003eOversized Case 1, Drawer 4\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Oversized Case 1, Drawer 4"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Washington and Lee University","Virginia Military Institute. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Sigma Nu","Phi Kapp Phi"],"persname_ssim":["Amory, Thomas D. (Thomas Dwyer), 1893-1918","Baldwin, Richard","Belden, Arthur W., Jr. (Arthur Williams)","Bissell, Norman M. (Norman Michael), 1938-2019","Brister, Charles M. (Charles Melville), 1889-?","Carroll, Robert P. \"Doc\"","Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012","Daniels, Jonathan M. (Jonathan Myrick), 1939-1965","Davis, Samuel G. (Samuel Griffith), ?-1943","Elliott, Thomas N., Jr.","Foster, Charles E., Jr. (Charles Edgar), 1903-1938","Heflin, S. Murray (Sterling Murray)","Hippey, Frederick A. (Frederick Allen), ?-1945","Jamerson, Osmond T. (Osmond Tower), 1906-1975","Johnson, H. B., Jr. (Henry Belton), ?-1931","Lattin, John H., Jr., ?-1967","Mallory, Francis","Mapp, John A.","Millar, Charles M. (Charles Maynard), 1910-1946","Miller, Giles H., Jr. (Giles Henry)","Miller, John C. (John Craig)","Morson, William A. (William Alexander), 1843-1903","Pate, Randolph M. (Randolph McCall)","Pitkethly, David T.","Puller, Chesty, 1898-1971","Richards, James N. C. (James Neville Cocke), ?-1918","Rockwell, Kiffin Y. (Kiffin Yates), 1892-1916","Rosenbaum, Joseph M. (Joseph Marx), ?-1928","Selvage, Donald H., Jr. (Donald Hollis)","Sydnor, George W., Jr. (George Woodson)","Talman, Woods G. (Woods Garth)","Tosh, James T. (James Thomas), 1838-1894","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1874-1968","Wood, Martin B., 1845?-1908","Rockne, Knute, 1888-1931","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Morson, J. Andrew","Read, Hernando M.","James, Russell","Robb, Charles A., Governor"],"names_coll_ssim":["Baldwin, Richard","Belden, Arthur W., Jr. (Arthur Williams)","Bissell, Norman M. (Norman Michael), 1938-2019","Brister, Charles M. (Charles Melville), 1889-?","Carroll, Robert P. \"Doc\"","Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012","Daniels, Jonathan M. (Jonathan Myrick), 1939-1965","Davis, Samuel G. (Samuel Griffith), ?-1943","Elliott, Thomas N., Jr.","Foster, Charles E., Jr. (Charles Edgar), 1903-1938","Heflin, S. Murray (Sterling Murray)","Hippey, Frederick A. (Frederick Allen), ?-1945","Jamerson, Osmond T. (Osmond Tower), 1906-1975","Johnson, H. B., Jr. (Henry Belton), ?-1931","Lattin, John H., Jr., ?-1967","Mallory, Francis","Mapp, John A.","Millar, Charles M. (Charles Maynard), 1910-1946","Miller, Giles H., Jr. (Giles Henry)","Miller, John C. (John Craig)","Morson, William A. (William Alexander), 1843-1903","Pate, Randolph M. (Randolph McCall)","Pitkethly, David T.","Puller, Chesty, 1898-1971","Richards, James N. C. (James Neville Cocke), ?-1918","Rockwell, Kiffin Y. (Kiffin Yates), 1892-1916","Rosenbaum, Joseph M. (Joseph Marx), ?-1928","Selvage, Donald H., Jr. (Donald Hollis)","Sydnor, George W., Jr. (George Woodson)","Talman, Woods G. (Woods Garth)","Tosh, James T. (James Thomas), 1838-1894","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1874-1968","Wood, Martin B., 1845?-1908"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Washington and Lee University","Virginia Military Institute. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Sigma Nu","Phi Kapp Phi","Amory, Thomas D. (Thomas Dwyer), 1893-1918","Baldwin, Richard","Belden, Arthur W., Jr. (Arthur Williams)","Bissell, Norman M. (Norman Michael), 1938-2019","Brister, Charles M. (Charles Melville), 1889-?","Carroll, Robert P. \"Doc\"","Dabney, William H. (William Howard), 1934-2012","Daniels, Jonathan M. (Jonathan Myrick), 1939-1965","Davis, Samuel G. (Samuel Griffith), ?-1943","Elliott, Thomas N., Jr.","Foster, Charles E., Jr. (Charles Edgar), 1903-1938","Heflin, S. Murray (Sterling Murray)","Hippey, Frederick A. (Frederick Allen), ?-1945","Jamerson, Osmond T. (Osmond Tower), 1906-1975","Johnson, H. B., Jr. (Henry Belton), ?-1931","Lattin, John H., Jr., ?-1967","Mallory, Francis","Mapp, John A.","Millar, Charles M. (Charles Maynard), 1910-1946","Miller, Giles H., Jr. (Giles Henry)","Miller, John C. (John Craig)","Morson, William A. (William Alexander), 1843-1903","Pate, Randolph M. (Randolph McCall)","Pitkethly, David T.","Puller, Chesty, 1898-1971","Richards, James N. C. (James Neville Cocke), ?-1918","Rockwell, Kiffin Y. (Kiffin Yates), 1892-1916","Rosenbaum, Joseph M. (Joseph Marx), ?-1928","Selvage, Donald H., Jr. (Donald Hollis)","Sydnor, George W., Jr. (George Woodson)","Talman, Woods G. (Woods Garth)","Tosh, James T. (James Thomas), 1838-1894","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1874-1968","Wood, Martin B., 1845?-1908","Rockne, Knute, 1888-1931","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Morson, J. Andrew","Read, Hernando M.","James, Russell","Robb, Charles A., Governor"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":84,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_777"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_758_c03","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Alumni Association Class Files, 1842/1969","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_758_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_758_c03","ref_ssm":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_758_c03"],"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_758_c03","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_758","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_758","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_758","parent_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_758","parent_ssim":["VMI Alumni Association collections, 1880/2000"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_758"],"title_filing_ssi":"Alumni Association Class Files","title_ssm":["Alumni Association Class Files"],"title_tesim":["Alumni Association Class Files"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alumni Association Class Files, 1842/1969"],"text":["Alumni Association Class Files, 1842/1969","VMI Alumni Association collections, 1880/2000","Virginia Military Institute. 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However, the Archives does  preserve printed material, publications created by the Association, some Class reunion material, and related material (e.g. photograph collection from the office of the Alumni Review), and miscellaneous subject files on topics of general interest. This collection also includes some historical minutes of the Association.","Files maintained by Kathryn Wise, longtime editor of the Alumni Review who retired in 2010. Included are photographs of Class reunions and other Alumni Association events.","Alumni Association publications including,\nAlumni Review (Alumni News).  Magazine first published 1926.  Published quarterly. Alphabetical List of Graduates (1898-1924).  Predecessor to the Register of Former Cadets. The Register of Former Cadets contains complete rosters of each VMI Class, with very brief biographical information. (1927-ongoing). VMI in the World War (WWI).  Record of service in the World War of V. M. I. alumni and their alma mater by Joseph R. Anderson, Jr., published 1920)","The DVD includes one slideshow of photographs taken while the members of the class of 1968 were cadets at the Virginia Military Institute and one slideshow of photographs taken during the 50th reunion of the class of 1968. The disc also includes a folder containing files of all of the photographs that were supplied for the two slideshows.","The History of Integration at VMI program featured a panel discussion with Harry W. Gore, Jr., Adam L. Randolph III, Richard E. Valentine, Jr., and Philip L. Wilkerson Jr., who, along with Larry H. Foster, were the first African Americans to matriculate at the Virginia Military Institute in September 1968.  The panel commemorated the 50th anniversary of the year (1968-1969) that these five men matriculated at VMI. It took place on April 26, 2019, and was moderated by Col. Keith E. Gibson.","Archives stacks, Record Group 14, Affiliated Organizations","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Wise, Kathryn A.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["VMI Alumni Association collections, 1880/2000"],"collection_ssim":["VMI Alumni Association collections, 1880/2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Sub-Group","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG.14.Affiliated.Alumni Association","/repositories/3/resources/758"],"unitid_tesim":["RG.14.Affiliated.Alumni Association","/repositories/3/resources/758"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wise, Kathryn A."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. 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Predecessor to the Register of Former Cadets. \u003cemph\u003eThe Register of Former Cadets\u003c/emph\u003e contains complete rosters of each VMI Class, with very brief biographical information. (1927-ongoing). \u003cemph\u003eVMI in the World War (WWI).  Record of service in the World War of V. M. I. alumni and their alma mater\u003c/emph\u003e by Joseph R. Anderson, Jr., published 1920)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe DVD includes one slideshow of photographs taken while the members of the class of 1968 were cadets at the Virginia Military Institute and one slideshow of photographs taken during the 50th reunion of the class of 1968. The disc also includes a folder containing files of all of the photographs that were supplied for the two slideshows.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe History of Integration at VMI program featured a panel discussion with Harry W. Gore, Jr., Adam L. Randolph III, Richard E. Valentine, Jr., and Philip L. Wilkerson Jr., who, along with Larry H. 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This collection also includes some historical minutes of the Association.","Files maintained by Kathryn Wise, longtime editor of the Alumni Review who retired in 2010. Included are photographs of Class reunions and other Alumni Association events.","Alumni Association publications including,\nAlumni Review (Alumni News).  Magazine first published 1926.  Published quarterly. Alphabetical List of Graduates (1898-1924).  Predecessor to the Register of Former Cadets. The Register of Former Cadets contains complete rosters of each VMI Class, with very brief biographical information. (1927-ongoing). VMI in the World War (WWI).  Record of service in the World War of V. M. I. alumni and their alma mater by Joseph R. Anderson, Jr., published 1920)","The DVD includes one slideshow of photographs taken while the members of the class of 1968 were cadets at the Virginia Military Institute and one slideshow of photographs taken during the 50th reunion of the class of 1968. The disc also includes a folder containing files of all of the photographs that were supplied for the two slideshows.","The History of Integration at VMI program featured a panel discussion with Harry W. Gore, Jr., Adam L. Randolph III, Richard E. Valentine, Jr., and Philip L. Wilkerson Jr., who, along with Larry H. Foster, were the first African Americans to matriculate at the Virginia Military Institute in September 1968.  The panel commemorated the 50th anniversary of the year (1968-1969) that these five men matriculated at VMI. It took place on April 26, 2019, and was moderated by Col. Keith E. Gibson."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_46ec334221433700f5f70de69d542a5d\"\u003eArchives stacks, Record Group 14, Affiliated Organizations\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Archives stacks, Record Group 14, Affiliated Organizations"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. 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(Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run). \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_582.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00001.xml","title_ssm":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers"],"title_tesim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1993"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993"],"text":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993","MS.0068","/repositories/3/resources/582","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 11th","Bull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va., 1862","Soldiers—Virginia—Correspondence","Lexington (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Correspondence","Account Books","Manuscripts","Clippings","There are no restrictions.","Andrew Cameron Lewis Gatewood was born at Mountain Grove, Bath County, Virginia, on June 30, 1843 to Samuel Vance Gatewood (1810-1861) and Eugenia Sophia Massie (1819-1884). He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.","At the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919.","The bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run).","The papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.","Written from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.","Written from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.","Written from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.","Written from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.","Written from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.","Letter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.","Account book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.","Partial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.","\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.","Written by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.","Written by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"","Document was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.","Proceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans","Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993"],"collection_ssim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0068","/repositories/3/resources/582"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0068","/repositories/3/resources/582"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. 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Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 11th","Bull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va., 1862","Soldiers—Virginia—Correspondence","Lexington (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Correspondence","Account Books","Manuscripts","Clippings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 11th","Bull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va., 1862","Soldiers—Virginia—Correspondence","Lexington (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Correspondence","Account Books","Manuscripts","Clippings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["35 items"],"extent_tesim":["35 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Account Books","Manuscripts","Clippings"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAndrew Cameron Lewis Gatewood was born at Mountain Grove, Bath County, Virginia, on June 30, 1843 to Samuel Vance Gatewood (1810-1861) and Eugenia Sophia Massie (1819-1884). He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Andrew Cameron Lewis Gatewood was born at Mountain Grove, Bath County, Virginia, on June 30, 1843 to Samuel Vance Gatewood (1810-1861) and Eugenia Sophia Massie (1819-1884). He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.","At the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAndrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860-1993. MS 0068. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860-1993. MS 0068. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccount book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePartial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocument was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run).","The papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.","Written from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.","Written from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.","Written from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.","Written from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.","Written from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.","Letter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.","Account book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.","Partial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.","\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.","Written by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.","Written by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"","Document was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.","Proceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f3d0ffdf4864efbcf325abc5200c0bf2\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans"],"persname_ssim":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans","Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":46,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_582.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00001.xml","title_ssm":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers"],"title_tesim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1993"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993"],"text":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993","MS.0068","/repositories/3/resources/582","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 11th","Bull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va., 1862","Soldiers—Virginia—Correspondence","Lexington (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Correspondence","Account Books","Manuscripts","Clippings","There are no restrictions.","Andrew Cameron Lewis Gatewood was born at Mountain Grove, Bath County, Virginia, on June 30, 1843 to Samuel Vance Gatewood (1810-1861) and Eugenia Sophia Massie (1819-1884). He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.","At the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919.","The bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run).","The papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.","Written from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.","Written from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.","Written from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.","Written from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.","Written from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.","Letter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.","Account book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.","Partial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.","\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.","Written by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.","Written by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"","Document was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.","Proceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans","Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993"],"collection_ssim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0068","/repositories/3/resources/582"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0068","/repositories/3/resources/582"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?"],"creator_ssim":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans"],"creators_ssim":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 11th","Bull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va., 1862","Soldiers—Virginia—Correspondence","Lexington (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Correspondence","Account Books","Manuscripts","Clippings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 11th","Bull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va., 1862","Soldiers—Virginia—Correspondence","Lexington (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Correspondence","Account Books","Manuscripts","Clippings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["35 items"],"extent_tesim":["35 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Account Books","Manuscripts","Clippings"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAndrew Cameron Lewis Gatewood was born at Mountain Grove, Bath County, Virginia, on June 30, 1843 to Samuel Vance Gatewood (1810-1861) and Eugenia Sophia Massie (1819-1884). He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Andrew Cameron Lewis Gatewood was born at Mountain Grove, Bath County, Virginia, on June 30, 1843 to Samuel Vance Gatewood (1810-1861) and Eugenia Sophia Massie (1819-1884). He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.","At the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAndrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860-1993. MS 0068. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860-1993. MS 0068. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccount book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePartial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocument was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run).","The papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.","Written from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.","Written from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.","Written from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.","Written from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.","Written from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.","Letter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.","Account book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.","Partial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.","\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.","Written by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.","Written by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"","Document was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.","Proceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f3d0ffdf4864efbcf325abc5200c0bf2\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans"],"persname_ssim":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans","Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":46,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_473","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Andrew J. McCoy Civil War letters, 1863/1864","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_473#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"McCoy, Andrew J., 1832-1902","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_473#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of Civil War correspondence (three items) from Confederate soldier Andrew J. McCoy to his sister Martha written while he was serving with the 25th Virginia Infantry Regiment. The letters primarily concern family matters, camp hardships, and personal news, and provide insight into the life and thoughts of an ordinary soldier.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_473#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_473","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_473","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_473","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_473","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_473.xml","title_ssm":["Andrew J. McCoy Civil War letters"],"title_tesim":["Andrew J. McCoy Civil War letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1863-1864"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1863-1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1863/1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Andrew J. McCoy Civil War letters, 1863/1864"],"text":["Andrew J. McCoy Civil War letters, 1863/1864","MS.0393","/repositories/3/resources/473","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 25th","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","There are no restrictions","Andrew J. McCoy was born in Highland County, Virginia in 1832 and was a farmer in the Doe Hill area of that county. He enlisted at Monterey in August 1861 and served for the entire Civil War. He was paroled at Staunton, Virginia on May 25, 1865. After the War he returned to his farm at Doe Hill, where he died on November 28, 1902. He is buried in Doe Hill Cemetery, Highland County.","From October 19 to November 7, 1863, the 25th Virginia Infantry Regiment was in camp near Brandy Station. The troops continued to dismantle the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, sending the iron to Richmond, Virginia. For more information about this regiment, consult the book \"25th Virginia Infantry and 9th Battalion Virginia Infantry\" by Richard L. Armstrong (H.E. Howard, Inc., © 1990).","Oct 25th, 1863\nCamp Near Brandy Station, Culpeper Co. Va. Miss Martha E. McCoy","Dear Affectionate Sister-\nIt is with a considerable degree of pleasure within myself that I will now take my pen in hand to address to you a few lines in order to let you know that I am in tolerable good health at this present occasion, with the exception of a very bad cold that I have had for several days past which caused me to feel somewhat under the weather. But I truly hope that when this reaches you that all of you may be in the enjoyment of [special] good health through the blessings of God the Preserver of all our health \u0026 happiness in this world of sorrow \u0026 c.","I am truly pained to learn that the health of the people of Highland Co. \u0026 especially in the neighborhood of old Doe Hill has become so disastrous \u0026 bad with disease \u0026 sickness again, \u0026 that death has again visited that vicinity. It is truly taking everything into consideration between that \u0026 the trials of this war a very solemn \u0026 serious matter, but if it is God['s] will we must try \u0026 live to endure the afflictions that is to befall us in this life \u0026 make preparations with our almighty God to meet them in consequence of our behalf through the grace of Jesus Christ for the salvation of our souls in the world to come \u0026 c. But I will have to close on this subject for the present, hoping to God that he may speed you all \u0026 myself on the way in this great work.","I was sorry to hear of mother's misfortune \u0026 loss of losing her horses \u0026 the great drawback it will cause upon her with her work \u0026 c. But I suppose from what I can learn that there is no chance for her ever to get them back again. It is a great pity but what she could. Also the thieving rascals that taken them should share the punishment that they so justly deserve. I am also ashamed to know that southern men will be guilty of such disgraceful depredations on our own people, especially a poor helpless woman that is left in her situation, but I hope that such men will meet with the doom that becomes such villains.\nMartha I did not get your last letter until a day or two ago on account of the army being on motion. We did not get our regular mail until we got back off of our last trip after the yankees. I will not attempt to try to give you the particulars of our trip this time as John I. Rumisel has gone home on furlough \u0026 he will tell you all about the matter \u0026 consequently I have but little news to write to you at present.","Jared M. Wilson \u0026 Josiah Armstrong come back to the company night before last \u0026 both of them look better than ever. I saw them they look fat \u0026 fine. The rest of the boys are all well \u0026 hearty. Lieut. J. L. Hempstead is going to start away in the morning on furlough of twenty days so our company will be left without an officer until he returns again.","Martha I forgot to write to Sarah to send me a pair of mittens \u0026 I want her to send me a good heavy pair of half soles for my shoes if she can get them if she can get them by Rumisel when he comes back. I want you if you please to let her know as soon as you get this letter if it comes to hand in time. I also had on a new jeans vest when I left home. It was so warm \u0026 I left it at Augustus Stowbuses on North River Augusta Co. I would like if to have it if he can bring it to me.","You said in your letter something about naming that big boy you say I have out there if I had no name for him. I have no particular objection to the name you proposed to me to call it but I will tell you what name I had thought to give it but I still neglected to send the name to Sarah, it\nwas Davis Jackson. Write to me \u0026 let me know what you think of my name for him not that I object to your name at all.","I must close. You must excuse this kin of ink. I expect it will fade so can't read this letter at all. Very Respectfully yours \u0026 c. Your Brother Andr. J. McCoy.","Write immediately to me. Good by. Give my kindest regards to Caroline \u0026 family \u0026 all of my relations \u0026 friends. Tell mother she is due me a letter. I wrote to her some time ago \u0026 never received a letter from her","January 16th, 1864\nCamp Near Pisgah Church, Orange Co., VA.","My dear sister\nMiss M. E. McCoy\nIt is again that I take my pen in hand this evening in haste to write you a few lines in order to inform you that I am yet alive \u0026 well at this present time. I truly hope that these few lines may find you \u0026 Caroline's family \u0026 also all of my friends \u0026 relations in the enjoyment of the same great \u0026 highly favored blessing.","Indeed Martha I have not any news to communicate to you at this time that would be interesting to you. I just write this to let you know how I am getting along \u0026 as I have a good chance of sending it to you as W.H. Wilson is going to start home in the morning on furlough \u0026 he can tell you all more satisfactorily how we are situated \u0026 can give you the news generally with more satisfaction than I can write to you. John T. Armstrong \u0026 Chismas Malcomb landed in camp and last night they left Able \u0026 Christian Simmons at Orange. Jared M. Wilson \u0026 Josiah Wilson has gone up to the Depot to meet them with two wagons to haul our boxes. Since I have been writing they have come in about dark with their load \u0026 all was right so far as we have yet seen.","I got my barrel. There was seven cheeses in it that Mother wanted me to sell for her. I will try to sell them to the best advantage \u0026 send the money home to her by some of those men. I also got four letters, one from you, one from mother, \u0026 two from Sarah. You stated in your letter that you had sent me a pound cake in Jared's barrel. I have not seen him tonight yet to say anything to him about it. He stays over at Capt. Merritt's quarters with Jared Armstrong. I will see him soon but if I get it I will be truly thankful to you for it \u0026 when I eat it I will think of my dear sister Mat who sent it to me.","You said in your letter that you had written several letters to me lately \u0026 that you hadn't got any answers from me. If you wrote I assure you that I never got them. I have not got but one letter from you for more than a month until tonight \u0026 that you was afraid that I would forget you but I can tell you that is not the case. Oh it would do me so much good to see you all once more \u0026 have a general talk with you all again. I would do my very heart good...","March 11th, 1864\nCamp, 25th Va. Infantry. Orange Co., Va.","My dear sister\nIt is again after my respects to you that I avail myself of the privilege of dropping you a few lines in order to let you know how I am getting along \u0026 c.","I am in only tolerable health at this time \u0026 have been unwell for some time past. I am not doing any duty now \u0026 I don't feel at the present like doing any duty for some time yet. I have been troubled for about a month with some kind of a disease of the bowels and attended with a considerable swelling of the abdomen \u0026 pain in my left side \u0026 through my back \u0026 limbs \u0026 to make the matter worse with me I have taken a prodigiously bad cold \u0026 the worst kind of sore mouth \u0026 also my throat is somewhat sore. The Doctor would never tell me what he thought my complaint was. I have been going through a regular course of medicine \u0026 I am still under the charge of a Doctor but I hope that I will recover from my illness soon \u0026 in good health. I suppose it all originated from cold \u0026 exposure. I have had my health extremely well ever since I have been with the army since I last left home until now. I had thought that I was going to get along finely but it seems as though I was somewhat disappointed. But I hope these few lines may find you in the enjoyment of good health but notwithstanding I was very sorry to hear that you \u0026 Caroline had been very unwell some time ago but I truly hope that you are both in good\nhealth again \u0026.","I have nothing of much importance to write about at present. Everything along our lines appears perfectly quiet at this time but the Yankees tried to make a raid on Richmond last week but they was defeated \u0026 driven back with considerable loss. Their raiders consisted of Kilpatricks cavalry \u0026 mounted infantry about fifteen thousand strong. Col. Dahlgren was killed in the fight \u0026 the whole program of their raid was found in his pocket which showed to our people the villains intentions if they could of succeeded. They had for their main object to try \u0026 release the prisoners that we hold of theirs at Richmond at the Libby prison \u0026 then they was going to murder Jeff Davis \u0026 his cabinet \u0026 all the leading men of Richmond \u0026 then plunder \u0026 take off what they could \u0026 then burn the city down regardless of the women \u0026 children or anything else \u0026 destroy all that they could in the country that would render any service to the Rebels whatever. This was the plot that was found in the possession of the villain Yankee Col. Dahlgren commanding a part of their force.","As I do not feel much like writing today I shall close for the present hoping to hear from you soon by letter. You must excuse my scribbling \u0026 c. for I am in very much of a hurry. I remain your friend \u0026 brother as ever until death.A. J. McCoy.","This collection consists of Civil War correspondence (three items) from Confederate soldier Andrew J. McCoy to his sister Martha written while he was serving with the 25th Virginia Infantry Regiment. The letters primarily concern family matters, camp hardships, and personal news, and provide insight into the life and thoughts of an ordinary soldier.","Written from Culpepper County, Virginia. Letter regards Andrew J. McCoy's health and family matters.","Written from Orange County, Virginia. Letter regards family matters and goods sent to Andrew J. McCoy from family members. Letter consists of two pages with the remainder missing.","Written from Orange County, Virginia. Letter regards Andrew J. McCoy's health and the Kilpatrick-Dahlgren Raid.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","McCoy, Andrew J., 1832-1902","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Andrew J. McCoy Civil War letters, 1863/1864"],"collection_ssim":["Andrew J. McCoy Civil War letters, 1863/1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0393","/repositories/3/resources/473"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0393","/repositories/3/resources/473"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["McCoy, Andrew J., 1832-1902"],"creator_ssim":["McCoy, Andrew J., 1832-1902"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McCoy, Andrew J., 1832-1902"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["McCoy, Andrew J., 1832-1902","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 25th","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 25th","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 items"],"extent_tesim":["3 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1863,1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAndrew J. McCoy was born in Highland County, Virginia in 1832 and was a farmer in the Doe Hill area of that county. He enlisted at Monterey in August 1861 and served for the entire Civil War. He was paroled at Staunton, Virginia on May 25, 1865. After the War he returned to his farm at Doe Hill, where he died on November 28, 1902. He is buried in Doe Hill Cemetery, Highland County.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Andrew J. McCoy was born in Highland County, Virginia in 1832 and was a farmer in the Doe Hill area of that county. He enlisted at Monterey in August 1861 and served for the entire Civil War. He was paroled at Staunton, Virginia on May 25, 1865. After the War he returned to his farm at Doe Hill, where he died on November 28, 1902. He is buried in Doe Hill Cemetery, Highland County."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrom October 19 to November 7, 1863, the 25th Virginia Infantry Regiment was in camp near Brandy Station. The troops continued to dismantle the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, sending the iron to Richmond, Virginia. For more information about this regiment, consult the book \"25th Virginia Infantry and 9th Battalion Virginia Infantry\" by Richard L. Armstrong (H.E. Howard, Inc., © 1990).\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eOct 25th, 1863\u003cbr\u003e\nCamp Near Brandy Station, Culpeper Co. Va. Miss Martha E. McCoy\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Affectionate Sister-\u003cbr\u003e\nIt is with a considerable degree of pleasure within myself that I will now take my pen in hand to address to you a few lines in order to let you know that I am in tolerable good health at this present occasion, with the exception of a very bad cold that I have had for several days past which caused me to feel somewhat under the weather. But I truly hope that when this reaches you that all of you may be in the enjoyment of [special] good health through the blessings of God the Preserver of all our health \u0026amp; happiness in this world of sorrow \u0026amp; c.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI am truly pained to learn that the health of the people of Highland Co. \u0026amp; especially in the neighborhood of old Doe Hill has become so disastrous \u0026amp; bad with disease \u0026amp; sickness again, \u0026amp; that death has again visited that vicinity. It is truly taking everything into consideration between that \u0026amp; the trials of this war a very solemn \u0026amp; serious matter, but if it is God['s] will we must try \u0026amp; live to endure the afflictions that is to befall us in this life \u0026amp; make preparations with our almighty God to meet them in consequence of our behalf through the grace of Jesus Christ for the salvation of our souls in the world to come \u0026amp; c. But I will have to close on this subject for the present, hoping to God that he may speed you all \u0026amp; myself on the way in this great work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI was sorry to hear of mother's misfortune \u0026amp; loss of losing her horses \u0026amp; the great drawback it will cause upon her with her work \u0026amp; c. But I suppose from what I can learn that there is no chance for her ever to get them back again. It is a great pity but what she could. Also the thieving rascals that taken them should share the punishment that they so justly deserve. I am also ashamed to know that southern men will be guilty of such disgraceful depredations on our own people, especially a poor helpless woman that is left in her situation, but I hope that such men will meet with the doom that becomes such villains.\nMartha I did not get your last letter until a day or two ago on account of the army being on motion. We did not get our regular mail until we got back off of our last trip after the yankees. I will not attempt to try to give you the particulars of our trip this time as John I. Rumisel has gone home on furlough \u0026amp; he will tell you all about the matter \u0026amp; consequently I have but little news to write to you at present.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJared M. Wilson \u0026amp; Josiah Armstrong come back to the company night before last \u0026amp; both of them look better than ever. I saw them they look fat \u0026amp; fine. The rest of the boys are all well \u0026amp; hearty. Lieut. J. L. Hempstead is going to start away in the morning on furlough of twenty days so our company will be left without an officer until he returns again.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartha I forgot to write to Sarah to send me a pair of mittens \u0026amp; I want her to send me a good heavy pair of half soles for my shoes if she can get them if she can get them by Rumisel when he comes back. I want you if you please to let her know as soon as you get this letter if it comes to hand in time. I also had on a new jeans vest when I left home. It was so warm \u0026amp; I left it at Augustus Stowbuses on North River Augusta Co. I would like if to have it if he can bring it to me.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYou said in your letter something about naming that big boy you say I have out there if I had no name for him. I have no particular objection to the name you proposed to me to call it but I will tell you what name I had thought to give it but I still neglected to send the name to Sarah, it\nwas Davis Jackson. Write to me \u0026amp; let me know what you think of my name for him not that I object to your name at all.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI must close. You must excuse this kin of ink. I expect it will fade so can't read this letter at all. Very Respectfully yours \u0026amp; c. Your Brother Andr. J. McCoy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrite immediately to me. Good by. Give my kindest regards to Caroline \u0026amp; family \u0026amp; all of my relations \u0026amp; friends. Tell mother she is due me a letter. I wrote to her some time ago \u0026amp; never received a letter from her\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanuary 16th, 1864\u003cbr\u003e\nCamp Near Pisgah Church, Orange Co., VA. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister\u003cbr\u003e\nMiss M. E. McCoy\u003cbr\u003e\nIt is again that I take my pen in hand this evening in haste to write you a few lines in order to inform you that I am yet alive \u0026amp; well at this present time. I truly hope that these few lines may find you \u0026amp; Caroline's family \u0026amp; also all of my friends \u0026amp; relations in the enjoyment of the same great \u0026amp; highly favored blessing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndeed Martha I have not any news to communicate to you at this time that would be interesting to you. I just write this to let you know how I am getting along \u0026amp; as I have a good chance of sending it to you as W.H. Wilson is going to start home in the morning on furlough \u0026amp; he can tell you all more satisfactorily how we are situated \u0026amp; can give you the news generally with more satisfaction than I can write to you. John T. Armstrong \u0026amp; Chismas Malcomb landed in camp and last night they left Able \u0026amp; Christian Simmons at Orange. Jared M. Wilson \u0026amp; Josiah Wilson has gone up to the Depot to meet them with two wagons to haul our boxes. Since I have been writing they have come in about dark with their load \u0026amp; all was right so far as we have yet seen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI got my barrel. There was seven cheeses in it that Mother wanted me to sell for her. I will try to sell them to the best advantage \u0026amp; send the money home to her by some of those men. I also got four letters, one from you, one from mother, \u0026amp; two from Sarah. You stated in your letter that you had sent me a pound cake in Jared's barrel. I have not seen him tonight yet to say anything to him about it. He stays over at Capt. Merritt's quarters with Jared Armstrong. I will see him soon but if I get it I will be truly thankful to you for it \u0026amp; when I eat it I will think of my dear sister Mat who sent it to me.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYou said in your letter that you had written several letters to me lately \u0026amp; that you hadn't got any answers from me. If you wrote I assure you that I never got them. I have not got but one letter from you for more than a month until tonight \u0026amp; that you was afraid that I would forget you but I can tell you that is not the case. Oh it would do me so much good to see you all once more \u0026amp; have a general talk with you all again. I would do my very heart good...\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 11th, 1864\u003cbr\u003e\nCamp, 25th Va. Infantry. Orange Co., Va. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister\u003cbr\u003e\nIt is again after my respects to you that I avail myself of the privilege of dropping you a few lines in order to let you know how I am getting along \u0026amp; c.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI am in only tolerable health at this time \u0026amp; have been unwell for some time past. I am not doing any duty now \u0026amp; I don't feel at the present like doing any duty for some time yet. I have been troubled for about a month with some kind of a disease of the bowels and attended with a considerable swelling of the abdomen \u0026amp; pain in my left side \u0026amp; through my back \u0026amp; limbs \u0026amp; to make the matter worse with me I have taken a prodigiously bad cold \u0026amp; the worst kind of sore mouth \u0026amp; also my throat is somewhat sore. The Doctor would never tell me what he thought my complaint was. I have been going through a regular course of medicine \u0026amp; I am still under the charge of a Doctor but I hope that I will recover from my illness soon \u0026amp; in good health. I suppose it all originated from cold \u0026amp; exposure. I have had my health extremely well ever since I have been with the army since I last left home until now. I had thought that I was going to get along finely but it seems as though I was somewhat disappointed. But I hope these few lines may find you in the enjoyment of good health but notwithstanding I was very sorry to hear that you \u0026amp; Caroline had been very unwell some time ago but I truly hope that you are both in good\nhealth again \u0026amp;.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have nothing of much importance to write about at present. Everything along our lines appears perfectly quiet at this time but the Yankees tried to make a raid on Richmond last week but they was defeated \u0026amp; driven back with considerable loss. Their raiders consisted of Kilpatricks cavalry \u0026amp; mounted infantry about fifteen thousand strong. Col. Dahlgren was killed in the fight \u0026amp; the whole program of their raid was found in his pocket which showed to our people the villains intentions if they could of succeeded. They had for their main object to try \u0026amp; release the prisoners that we hold of theirs at Richmond at the Libby prison \u0026amp; then they was going to murder Jeff Davis \u0026amp; his cabinet \u0026amp; all the leading men of Richmond \u0026amp; then plunder \u0026amp; take off what they could \u0026amp; then burn the city down regardless of the women \u0026amp; children or anything else \u0026amp; destroy all that they could in the country that would render any service to the Rebels whatever. This was the plot that was found in the possession of the villain Yankee Col. Dahlgren commanding a part of their force.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs I do not feel much like writing today I shall close for the present hoping to hear from you soon by letter. You must excuse my scribbling \u0026amp; c. for I am in very much of a hurry. I remain your friend \u0026amp; brother as ever until death.\u003cbr\u003eA. J. McCoy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Additional Information","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["From October 19 to November 7, 1863, the 25th Virginia Infantry Regiment was in camp near Brandy Station. The troops continued to dismantle the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, sending the iron to Richmond, Virginia. For more information about this regiment, consult the book \"25th Virginia Infantry and 9th Battalion Virginia Infantry\" by Richard L. Armstrong (H.E. Howard, Inc., © 1990).","Oct 25th, 1863\nCamp Near Brandy Station, Culpeper Co. Va. Miss Martha E. McCoy","Dear Affectionate Sister-\nIt is with a considerable degree of pleasure within myself that I will now take my pen in hand to address to you a few lines in order to let you know that I am in tolerable good health at this present occasion, with the exception of a very bad cold that I have had for several days past which caused me to feel somewhat under the weather. But I truly hope that when this reaches you that all of you may be in the enjoyment of [special] good health through the blessings of God the Preserver of all our health \u0026 happiness in this world of sorrow \u0026 c.","I am truly pained to learn that the health of the people of Highland Co. \u0026 especially in the neighborhood of old Doe Hill has become so disastrous \u0026 bad with disease \u0026 sickness again, \u0026 that death has again visited that vicinity. It is truly taking everything into consideration between that \u0026 the trials of this war a very solemn \u0026 serious matter, but if it is God['s] will we must try \u0026 live to endure the afflictions that is to befall us in this life \u0026 make preparations with our almighty God to meet them in consequence of our behalf through the grace of Jesus Christ for the salvation of our souls in the world to come \u0026 c. But I will have to close on this subject for the present, hoping to God that he may speed you all \u0026 myself on the way in this great work.","I was sorry to hear of mother's misfortune \u0026 loss of losing her horses \u0026 the great drawback it will cause upon her with her work \u0026 c. But I suppose from what I can learn that there is no chance for her ever to get them back again. It is a great pity but what she could. Also the thieving rascals that taken them should share the punishment that they so justly deserve. I am also ashamed to know that southern men will be guilty of such disgraceful depredations on our own people, especially a poor helpless woman that is left in her situation, but I hope that such men will meet with the doom that becomes such villains.\nMartha I did not get your last letter until a day or two ago on account of the army being on motion. We did not get our regular mail until we got back off of our last trip after the yankees. I will not attempt to try to give you the particulars of our trip this time as John I. Rumisel has gone home on furlough \u0026 he will tell you all about the matter \u0026 consequently I have but little news to write to you at present.","Jared M. Wilson \u0026 Josiah Armstrong come back to the company night before last \u0026 both of them look better than ever. I saw them they look fat \u0026 fine. The rest of the boys are all well \u0026 hearty. Lieut. J. L. Hempstead is going to start away in the morning on furlough of twenty days so our company will be left without an officer until he returns again.","Martha I forgot to write to Sarah to send me a pair of mittens \u0026 I want her to send me a good heavy pair of half soles for my shoes if she can get them if she can get them by Rumisel when he comes back. I want you if you please to let her know as soon as you get this letter if it comes to hand in time. I also had on a new jeans vest when I left home. It was so warm \u0026 I left it at Augustus Stowbuses on North River Augusta Co. I would like if to have it if he can bring it to me.","You said in your letter something about naming that big boy you say I have out there if I had no name for him. I have no particular objection to the name you proposed to me to call it but I will tell you what name I had thought to give it but I still neglected to send the name to Sarah, it\nwas Davis Jackson. Write to me \u0026 let me know what you think of my name for him not that I object to your name at all.","I must close. You must excuse this kin of ink. I expect it will fade so can't read this letter at all. Very Respectfully yours \u0026 c. Your Brother Andr. J. McCoy.","Write immediately to me. Good by. Give my kindest regards to Caroline \u0026 family \u0026 all of my relations \u0026 friends. Tell mother she is due me a letter. I wrote to her some time ago \u0026 never received a letter from her","January 16th, 1864\nCamp Near Pisgah Church, Orange Co., VA.","My dear sister\nMiss M. E. McCoy\nIt is again that I take my pen in hand this evening in haste to write you a few lines in order to inform you that I am yet alive \u0026 well at this present time. I truly hope that these few lines may find you \u0026 Caroline's family \u0026 also all of my friends \u0026 relations in the enjoyment of the same great \u0026 highly favored blessing.","Indeed Martha I have not any news to communicate to you at this time that would be interesting to you. I just write this to let you know how I am getting along \u0026 as I have a good chance of sending it to you as W.H. Wilson is going to start home in the morning on furlough \u0026 he can tell you all more satisfactorily how we are situated \u0026 can give you the news generally with more satisfaction than I can write to you. John T. Armstrong \u0026 Chismas Malcomb landed in camp and last night they left Able \u0026 Christian Simmons at Orange. Jared M. Wilson \u0026 Josiah Wilson has gone up to the Depot to meet them with two wagons to haul our boxes. Since I have been writing they have come in about dark with their load \u0026 all was right so far as we have yet seen.","I got my barrel. There was seven cheeses in it that Mother wanted me to sell for her. I will try to sell them to the best advantage \u0026 send the money home to her by some of those men. I also got four letters, one from you, one from mother, \u0026 two from Sarah. You stated in your letter that you had sent me a pound cake in Jared's barrel. I have not seen him tonight yet to say anything to him about it. He stays over at Capt. Merritt's quarters with Jared Armstrong. I will see him soon but if I get it I will be truly thankful to you for it \u0026 when I eat it I will think of my dear sister Mat who sent it to me.","You said in your letter that you had written several letters to me lately \u0026 that you hadn't got any answers from me. If you wrote I assure you that I never got them. I have not got but one letter from you for more than a month until tonight \u0026 that you was afraid that I would forget you but I can tell you that is not the case. Oh it would do me so much good to see you all once more \u0026 have a general talk with you all again. I would do my very heart good...","March 11th, 1864\nCamp, 25th Va. Infantry. Orange Co., Va.","My dear sister\nIt is again after my respects to you that I avail myself of the privilege of dropping you a few lines in order to let you know how I am getting along \u0026 c.","I am in only tolerable health at this time \u0026 have been unwell for some time past. I am not doing any duty now \u0026 I don't feel at the present like doing any duty for some time yet. I have been troubled for about a month with some kind of a disease of the bowels and attended with a considerable swelling of the abdomen \u0026 pain in my left side \u0026 through my back \u0026 limbs \u0026 to make the matter worse with me I have taken a prodigiously bad cold \u0026 the worst kind of sore mouth \u0026 also my throat is somewhat sore. The Doctor would never tell me what he thought my complaint was. I have been going through a regular course of medicine \u0026 I am still under the charge of a Doctor but I hope that I will recover from my illness soon \u0026 in good health. I suppose it all originated from cold \u0026 exposure. I have had my health extremely well ever since I have been with the army since I last left home until now. I had thought that I was going to get along finely but it seems as though I was somewhat disappointed. But I hope these few lines may find you in the enjoyment of good health but notwithstanding I was very sorry to hear that you \u0026 Caroline had been very unwell some time ago but I truly hope that you are both in good\nhealth again \u0026.","I have nothing of much importance to write about at present. Everything along our lines appears perfectly quiet at this time but the Yankees tried to make a raid on Richmond last week but they was defeated \u0026 driven back with considerable loss. Their raiders consisted of Kilpatricks cavalry \u0026 mounted infantry about fifteen thousand strong. Col. Dahlgren was killed in the fight \u0026 the whole program of their raid was found in his pocket which showed to our people the villains intentions if they could of succeeded. They had for their main object to try \u0026 release the prisoners that we hold of theirs at Richmond at the Libby prison \u0026 then they was going to murder Jeff Davis \u0026 his cabinet \u0026 all the leading men of Richmond \u0026 then plunder \u0026 take off what they could \u0026 then burn the city down regardless of the women \u0026 children or anything else \u0026 destroy all that they could in the country that would render any service to the Rebels whatever. This was the plot that was found in the possession of the villain Yankee Col. Dahlgren commanding a part of their force.","As I do not feel much like writing today I shall close for the present hoping to hear from you soon by letter. You must excuse my scribbling \u0026 c. for I am in very much of a hurry. I remain your friend \u0026 brother as ever until death.A. J. McCoy."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAndrew J. McCoy Civil War letters, 1863-1864. MS 0393. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Andrew J. McCoy Civil War letters, 1863-1864. MS 0393. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of Civil War correspondence (three items) from Confederate soldier Andrew J. McCoy to his sister Martha written while he was serving with the 25th Virginia Infantry Regiment. The letters primarily concern family matters, camp hardships, and personal news, and provide insight into the life and thoughts of an ordinary soldier.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Culpepper County, Virginia. Letter regards Andrew J. McCoy's health and family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Orange County, Virginia. Letter regards family matters and goods sent to Andrew J. McCoy from family members. Letter consists of two pages with the remainder missing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Orange County, Virginia. Letter regards Andrew J. McCoy's health and the Kilpatrick-Dahlgren Raid.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of Civil War correspondence (three items) from Confederate soldier Andrew J. McCoy to his sister Martha written while he was serving with the 25th Virginia Infantry Regiment. The letters primarily concern family matters, camp hardships, and personal news, and provide insight into the life and thoughts of an ordinary soldier.","Written from Culpepper County, Virginia. Letter regards Andrew J. McCoy's health and family matters.","Written from Orange County, Virginia. Letter regards family matters and goods sent to Andrew J. McCoy from family members. Letter consists of two pages with the remainder missing.","Written from Orange County, Virginia. Letter regards Andrew J. McCoy's health and the Kilpatrick-Dahlgren Raid."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_23396dd8b5ed3a52dce726ba733f3ec1\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["McCoy, Andrew J., 1832-1902"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","McCoy, Andrew J., 1832-1902"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":3,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_473","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_473","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_473","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_473","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_473.xml","title_ssm":["Andrew J. McCoy Civil War letters"],"title_tesim":["Andrew J. McCoy Civil War letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1863-1864"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1863-1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1863/1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Andrew J. McCoy Civil War letters, 1863/1864"],"text":["Andrew J. McCoy Civil War letters, 1863/1864","MS.0393","/repositories/3/resources/473","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 25th","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","There are no restrictions","Andrew J. McCoy was born in Highland County, Virginia in 1832 and was a farmer in the Doe Hill area of that county. He enlisted at Monterey in August 1861 and served for the entire Civil War. He was paroled at Staunton, Virginia on May 25, 1865. After the War he returned to his farm at Doe Hill, where he died on November 28, 1902. He is buried in Doe Hill Cemetery, Highland County.","From October 19 to November 7, 1863, the 25th Virginia Infantry Regiment was in camp near Brandy Station. The troops continued to dismantle the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, sending the iron to Richmond, Virginia. For more information about this regiment, consult the book \"25th Virginia Infantry and 9th Battalion Virginia Infantry\" by Richard L. Armstrong (H.E. Howard, Inc., © 1990).","Oct 25th, 1863\nCamp Near Brandy Station, Culpeper Co. Va. Miss Martha E. McCoy","Dear Affectionate Sister-\nIt is with a considerable degree of pleasure within myself that I will now take my pen in hand to address to you a few lines in order to let you know that I am in tolerable good health at this present occasion, with the exception of a very bad cold that I have had for several days past which caused me to feel somewhat under the weather. But I truly hope that when this reaches you that all of you may be in the enjoyment of [special] good health through the blessings of God the Preserver of all our health \u0026 happiness in this world of sorrow \u0026 c.","I am truly pained to learn that the health of the people of Highland Co. \u0026 especially in the neighborhood of old Doe Hill has become so disastrous \u0026 bad with disease \u0026 sickness again, \u0026 that death has again visited that vicinity. It is truly taking everything into consideration between that \u0026 the trials of this war a very solemn \u0026 serious matter, but if it is God['s] will we must try \u0026 live to endure the afflictions that is to befall us in this life \u0026 make preparations with our almighty God to meet them in consequence of our behalf through the grace of Jesus Christ for the salvation of our souls in the world to come \u0026 c. But I will have to close on this subject for the present, hoping to God that he may speed you all \u0026 myself on the way in this great work.","I was sorry to hear of mother's misfortune \u0026 loss of losing her horses \u0026 the great drawback it will cause upon her with her work \u0026 c. But I suppose from what I can learn that there is no chance for her ever to get them back again. It is a great pity but what she could. Also the thieving rascals that taken them should share the punishment that they so justly deserve. I am also ashamed to know that southern men will be guilty of such disgraceful depredations on our own people, especially a poor helpless woman that is left in her situation, but I hope that such men will meet with the doom that becomes such villains.\nMartha I did not get your last letter until a day or two ago on account of the army being on motion. We did not get our regular mail until we got back off of our last trip after the yankees. I will not attempt to try to give you the particulars of our trip this time as John I. Rumisel has gone home on furlough \u0026 he will tell you all about the matter \u0026 consequently I have but little news to write to you at present.","Jared M. Wilson \u0026 Josiah Armstrong come back to the company night before last \u0026 both of them look better than ever. I saw them they look fat \u0026 fine. The rest of the boys are all well \u0026 hearty. Lieut. J. L. Hempstead is going to start away in the morning on furlough of twenty days so our company will be left without an officer until he returns again.","Martha I forgot to write to Sarah to send me a pair of mittens \u0026 I want her to send me a good heavy pair of half soles for my shoes if she can get them if she can get them by Rumisel when he comes back. I want you if you please to let her know as soon as you get this letter if it comes to hand in time. I also had on a new jeans vest when I left home. It was so warm \u0026 I left it at Augustus Stowbuses on North River Augusta Co. I would like if to have it if he can bring it to me.","You said in your letter something about naming that big boy you say I have out there if I had no name for him. I have no particular objection to the name you proposed to me to call it but I will tell you what name I had thought to give it but I still neglected to send the name to Sarah, it\nwas Davis Jackson. Write to me \u0026 let me know what you think of my name for him not that I object to your name at all.","I must close. You must excuse this kin of ink. I expect it will fade so can't read this letter at all. Very Respectfully yours \u0026 c. Your Brother Andr. J. McCoy.","Write immediately to me. Good by. Give my kindest regards to Caroline \u0026 family \u0026 all of my relations \u0026 friends. Tell mother she is due me a letter. I wrote to her some time ago \u0026 never received a letter from her","January 16th, 1864\nCamp Near Pisgah Church, Orange Co., VA.","My dear sister\nMiss M. E. McCoy\nIt is again that I take my pen in hand this evening in haste to write you a few lines in order to inform you that I am yet alive \u0026 well at this present time. I truly hope that these few lines may find you \u0026 Caroline's family \u0026 also all of my friends \u0026 relations in the enjoyment of the same great \u0026 highly favored blessing.","Indeed Martha I have not any news to communicate to you at this time that would be interesting to you. I just write this to let you know how I am getting along \u0026 as I have a good chance of sending it to you as W.H. Wilson is going to start home in the morning on furlough \u0026 he can tell you all more satisfactorily how we are situated \u0026 can give you the news generally with more satisfaction than I can write to you. John T. Armstrong \u0026 Chismas Malcomb landed in camp and last night they left Able \u0026 Christian Simmons at Orange. Jared M. Wilson \u0026 Josiah Wilson has gone up to the Depot to meet them with two wagons to haul our boxes. Since I have been writing they have come in about dark with their load \u0026 all was right so far as we have yet seen.","I got my barrel. There was seven cheeses in it that Mother wanted me to sell for her. I will try to sell them to the best advantage \u0026 send the money home to her by some of those men. I also got four letters, one from you, one from mother, \u0026 two from Sarah. You stated in your letter that you had sent me a pound cake in Jared's barrel. I have not seen him tonight yet to say anything to him about it. He stays over at Capt. Merritt's quarters with Jared Armstrong. I will see him soon but if I get it I will be truly thankful to you for it \u0026 when I eat it I will think of my dear sister Mat who sent it to me.","You said in your letter that you had written several letters to me lately \u0026 that you hadn't got any answers from me. If you wrote I assure you that I never got them. I have not got but one letter from you for more than a month until tonight \u0026 that you was afraid that I would forget you but I can tell you that is not the case. Oh it would do me so much good to see you all once more \u0026 have a general talk with you all again. I would do my very heart good...","March 11th, 1864\nCamp, 25th Va. Infantry. Orange Co., Va.","My dear sister\nIt is again after my respects to you that I avail myself of the privilege of dropping you a few lines in order to let you know how I am getting along \u0026 c.","I am in only tolerable health at this time \u0026 have been unwell for some time past. I am not doing any duty now \u0026 I don't feel at the present like doing any duty for some time yet. I have been troubled for about a month with some kind of a disease of the bowels and attended with a considerable swelling of the abdomen \u0026 pain in my left side \u0026 through my back \u0026 limbs \u0026 to make the matter worse with me I have taken a prodigiously bad cold \u0026 the worst kind of sore mouth \u0026 also my throat is somewhat sore. The Doctor would never tell me what he thought my complaint was. I have been going through a regular course of medicine \u0026 I am still under the charge of a Doctor but I hope that I will recover from my illness soon \u0026 in good health. I suppose it all originated from cold \u0026 exposure. I have had my health extremely well ever since I have been with the army since I last left home until now. I had thought that I was going to get along finely but it seems as though I was somewhat disappointed. But I hope these few lines may find you in the enjoyment of good health but notwithstanding I was very sorry to hear that you \u0026 Caroline had been very unwell some time ago but I truly hope that you are both in good\nhealth again \u0026.","I have nothing of much importance to write about at present. Everything along our lines appears perfectly quiet at this time but the Yankees tried to make a raid on Richmond last week but they was defeated \u0026 driven back with considerable loss. Their raiders consisted of Kilpatricks cavalry \u0026 mounted infantry about fifteen thousand strong. Col. Dahlgren was killed in the fight \u0026 the whole program of their raid was found in his pocket which showed to our people the villains intentions if they could of succeeded. They had for their main object to try \u0026 release the prisoners that we hold of theirs at Richmond at the Libby prison \u0026 then they was going to murder Jeff Davis \u0026 his cabinet \u0026 all the leading men of Richmond \u0026 then plunder \u0026 take off what they could \u0026 then burn the city down regardless of the women \u0026 children or anything else \u0026 destroy all that they could in the country that would render any service to the Rebels whatever. This was the plot that was found in the possession of the villain Yankee Col. Dahlgren commanding a part of their force.","As I do not feel much like writing today I shall close for the present hoping to hear from you soon by letter. You must excuse my scribbling \u0026 c. for I am in very much of a hurry. I remain your friend \u0026 brother as ever until death.A. J. McCoy.","This collection consists of Civil War correspondence (three items) from Confederate soldier Andrew J. McCoy to his sister Martha written while he was serving with the 25th Virginia Infantry Regiment. The letters primarily concern family matters, camp hardships, and personal news, and provide insight into the life and thoughts of an ordinary soldier.","Written from Culpepper County, Virginia. Letter regards Andrew J. McCoy's health and family matters.","Written from Orange County, Virginia. Letter regards family matters and goods sent to Andrew J. McCoy from family members. Letter consists of two pages with the remainder missing.","Written from Orange County, Virginia. Letter regards Andrew J. McCoy's health and the Kilpatrick-Dahlgren Raid.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","McCoy, Andrew J., 1832-1902","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Andrew J. McCoy Civil War letters, 1863/1864"],"collection_ssim":["Andrew J. McCoy Civil War letters, 1863/1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0393","/repositories/3/resources/473"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0393","/repositories/3/resources/473"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["McCoy, Andrew J., 1832-1902"],"creator_ssim":["McCoy, Andrew J., 1832-1902"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McCoy, Andrew J., 1832-1902"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["McCoy, Andrew J., 1832-1902","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 25th","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 25th","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 items"],"extent_tesim":["3 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1863,1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAndrew J. McCoy was born in Highland County, Virginia in 1832 and was a farmer in the Doe Hill area of that county. He enlisted at Monterey in August 1861 and served for the entire Civil War. He was paroled at Staunton, Virginia on May 25, 1865. After the War he returned to his farm at Doe Hill, where he died on November 28, 1902. He is buried in Doe Hill Cemetery, Highland County.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Andrew J. McCoy was born in Highland County, Virginia in 1832 and was a farmer in the Doe Hill area of that county. He enlisted at Monterey in August 1861 and served for the entire Civil War. He was paroled at Staunton, Virginia on May 25, 1865. After the War he returned to his farm at Doe Hill, where he died on November 28, 1902. He is buried in Doe Hill Cemetery, Highland County."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrom October 19 to November 7, 1863, the 25th Virginia Infantry Regiment was in camp near Brandy Station. The troops continued to dismantle the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, sending the iron to Richmond, Virginia. For more information about this regiment, consult the book \"25th Virginia Infantry and 9th Battalion Virginia Infantry\" by Richard L. Armstrong (H.E. Howard, Inc., © 1990).\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eOct 25th, 1863\u003cbr\u003e\nCamp Near Brandy Station, Culpeper Co. Va. Miss Martha E. McCoy\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Affectionate Sister-\u003cbr\u003e\nIt is with a considerable degree of pleasure within myself that I will now take my pen in hand to address to you a few lines in order to let you know that I am in tolerable good health at this present occasion, with the exception of a very bad cold that I have had for several days past which caused me to feel somewhat under the weather. But I truly hope that when this reaches you that all of you may be in the enjoyment of [special] good health through the blessings of God the Preserver of all our health \u0026amp; happiness in this world of sorrow \u0026amp; c.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI am truly pained to learn that the health of the people of Highland Co. \u0026amp; especially in the neighborhood of old Doe Hill has become so disastrous \u0026amp; bad with disease \u0026amp; sickness again, \u0026amp; that death has again visited that vicinity. It is truly taking everything into consideration between that \u0026amp; the trials of this war a very solemn \u0026amp; serious matter, but if it is God['s] will we must try \u0026amp; live to endure the afflictions that is to befall us in this life \u0026amp; make preparations with our almighty God to meet them in consequence of our behalf through the grace of Jesus Christ for the salvation of our souls in the world to come \u0026amp; c. But I will have to close on this subject for the present, hoping to God that he may speed you all \u0026amp; myself on the way in this great work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI was sorry to hear of mother's misfortune \u0026amp; loss of losing her horses \u0026amp; the great drawback it will cause upon her with her work \u0026amp; c. But I suppose from what I can learn that there is no chance for her ever to get them back again. It is a great pity but what she could. Also the thieving rascals that taken them should share the punishment that they so justly deserve. I am also ashamed to know that southern men will be guilty of such disgraceful depredations on our own people, especially a poor helpless woman that is left in her situation, but I hope that such men will meet with the doom that becomes such villains.\nMartha I did not get your last letter until a day or two ago on account of the army being on motion. We did not get our regular mail until we got back off of our last trip after the yankees. I will not attempt to try to give you the particulars of our trip this time as John I. Rumisel has gone home on furlough \u0026amp; he will tell you all about the matter \u0026amp; consequently I have but little news to write to you at present.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJared M. Wilson \u0026amp; Josiah Armstrong come back to the company night before last \u0026amp; both of them look better than ever. I saw them they look fat \u0026amp; fine. The rest of the boys are all well \u0026amp; hearty. Lieut. J. L. Hempstead is going to start away in the morning on furlough of twenty days so our company will be left without an officer until he returns again.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartha I forgot to write to Sarah to send me a pair of mittens \u0026amp; I want her to send me a good heavy pair of half soles for my shoes if she can get them if she can get them by Rumisel when he comes back. I want you if you please to let her know as soon as you get this letter if it comes to hand in time. I also had on a new jeans vest when I left home. It was so warm \u0026amp; I left it at Augustus Stowbuses on North River Augusta Co. I would like if to have it if he can bring it to me.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYou said in your letter something about naming that big boy you say I have out there if I had no name for him. I have no particular objection to the name you proposed to me to call it but I will tell you what name I had thought to give it but I still neglected to send the name to Sarah, it\nwas Davis Jackson. Write to me \u0026amp; let me know what you think of my name for him not that I object to your name at all.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI must close. You must excuse this kin of ink. I expect it will fade so can't read this letter at all. Very Respectfully yours \u0026amp; c. Your Brother Andr. J. McCoy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrite immediately to me. Good by. Give my kindest regards to Caroline \u0026amp; family \u0026amp; all of my relations \u0026amp; friends. Tell mother she is due me a letter. I wrote to her some time ago \u0026amp; never received a letter from her\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanuary 16th, 1864\u003cbr\u003e\nCamp Near Pisgah Church, Orange Co., VA. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister\u003cbr\u003e\nMiss M. E. McCoy\u003cbr\u003e\nIt is again that I take my pen in hand this evening in haste to write you a few lines in order to inform you that I am yet alive \u0026amp; well at this present time. I truly hope that these few lines may find you \u0026amp; Caroline's family \u0026amp; also all of my friends \u0026amp; relations in the enjoyment of the same great \u0026amp; highly favored blessing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndeed Martha I have not any news to communicate to you at this time that would be interesting to you. I just write this to let you know how I am getting along \u0026amp; as I have a good chance of sending it to you as W.H. Wilson is going to start home in the morning on furlough \u0026amp; he can tell you all more satisfactorily how we are situated \u0026amp; can give you the news generally with more satisfaction than I can write to you. John T. Armstrong \u0026amp; Chismas Malcomb landed in camp and last night they left Able \u0026amp; Christian Simmons at Orange. Jared M. Wilson \u0026amp; Josiah Wilson has gone up to the Depot to meet them with two wagons to haul our boxes. Since I have been writing they have come in about dark with their load \u0026amp; all was right so far as we have yet seen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI got my barrel. There was seven cheeses in it that Mother wanted me to sell for her. I will try to sell them to the best advantage \u0026amp; send the money home to her by some of those men. I also got four letters, one from you, one from mother, \u0026amp; two from Sarah. You stated in your letter that you had sent me a pound cake in Jared's barrel. I have not seen him tonight yet to say anything to him about it. He stays over at Capt. Merritt's quarters with Jared Armstrong. I will see him soon but if I get it I will be truly thankful to you for it \u0026amp; when I eat it I will think of my dear sister Mat who sent it to me.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYou said in your letter that you had written several letters to me lately \u0026amp; that you hadn't got any answers from me. If you wrote I assure you that I never got them. I have not got but one letter from you for more than a month until tonight \u0026amp; that you was afraid that I would forget you but I can tell you that is not the case. Oh it would do me so much good to see you all once more \u0026amp; have a general talk with you all again. I would do my very heart good...\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 11th, 1864\u003cbr\u003e\nCamp, 25th Va. Infantry. Orange Co., Va. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy dear sister\u003cbr\u003e\nIt is again after my respects to you that I avail myself of the privilege of dropping you a few lines in order to let you know how I am getting along \u0026amp; c.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI am in only tolerable health at this time \u0026amp; have been unwell for some time past. I am not doing any duty now \u0026amp; I don't feel at the present like doing any duty for some time yet. I have been troubled for about a month with some kind of a disease of the bowels and attended with a considerable swelling of the abdomen \u0026amp; pain in my left side \u0026amp; through my back \u0026amp; limbs \u0026amp; to make the matter worse with me I have taken a prodigiously bad cold \u0026amp; the worst kind of sore mouth \u0026amp; also my throat is somewhat sore. The Doctor would never tell me what he thought my complaint was. I have been going through a regular course of medicine \u0026amp; I am still under the charge of a Doctor but I hope that I will recover from my illness soon \u0026amp; in good health. I suppose it all originated from cold \u0026amp; exposure. I have had my health extremely well ever since I have been with the army since I last left home until now. I had thought that I was going to get along finely but it seems as though I was somewhat disappointed. But I hope these few lines may find you in the enjoyment of good health but notwithstanding I was very sorry to hear that you \u0026amp; Caroline had been very unwell some time ago but I truly hope that you are both in good\nhealth again \u0026amp;.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have nothing of much importance to write about at present. Everything along our lines appears perfectly quiet at this time but the Yankees tried to make a raid on Richmond last week but they was defeated \u0026amp; driven back with considerable loss. Their raiders consisted of Kilpatricks cavalry \u0026amp; mounted infantry about fifteen thousand strong. Col. Dahlgren was killed in the fight \u0026amp; the whole program of their raid was found in his pocket which showed to our people the villains intentions if they could of succeeded. They had for their main object to try \u0026amp; release the prisoners that we hold of theirs at Richmond at the Libby prison \u0026amp; then they was going to murder Jeff Davis \u0026amp; his cabinet \u0026amp; all the leading men of Richmond \u0026amp; then plunder \u0026amp; take off what they could \u0026amp; then burn the city down regardless of the women \u0026amp; children or anything else \u0026amp; destroy all that they could in the country that would render any service to the Rebels whatever. This was the plot that was found in the possession of the villain Yankee Col. Dahlgren commanding a part of their force.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs I do not feel much like writing today I shall close for the present hoping to hear from you soon by letter. You must excuse my scribbling \u0026amp; c. for I am in very much of a hurry. I remain your friend \u0026amp; brother as ever until death.\u003cbr\u003eA. J. McCoy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Additional Information","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["From October 19 to November 7, 1863, the 25th Virginia Infantry Regiment was in camp near Brandy Station. The troops continued to dismantle the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, sending the iron to Richmond, Virginia. For more information about this regiment, consult the book \"25th Virginia Infantry and 9th Battalion Virginia Infantry\" by Richard L. Armstrong (H.E. Howard, Inc., © 1990).","Oct 25th, 1863\nCamp Near Brandy Station, Culpeper Co. Va. Miss Martha E. McCoy","Dear Affectionate Sister-\nIt is with a considerable degree of pleasure within myself that I will now take my pen in hand to address to you a few lines in order to let you know that I am in tolerable good health at this present occasion, with the exception of a very bad cold that I have had for several days past which caused me to feel somewhat under the weather. But I truly hope that when this reaches you that all of you may be in the enjoyment of [special] good health through the blessings of God the Preserver of all our health \u0026 happiness in this world of sorrow \u0026 c.","I am truly pained to learn that the health of the people of Highland Co. \u0026 especially in the neighborhood of old Doe Hill has become so disastrous \u0026 bad with disease \u0026 sickness again, \u0026 that death has again visited that vicinity. It is truly taking everything into consideration between that \u0026 the trials of this war a very solemn \u0026 serious matter, but if it is God['s] will we must try \u0026 live to endure the afflictions that is to befall us in this life \u0026 make preparations with our almighty God to meet them in consequence of our behalf through the grace of Jesus Christ for the salvation of our souls in the world to come \u0026 c. But I will have to close on this subject for the present, hoping to God that he may speed you all \u0026 myself on the way in this great work.","I was sorry to hear of mother's misfortune \u0026 loss of losing her horses \u0026 the great drawback it will cause upon her with her work \u0026 c. But I suppose from what I can learn that there is no chance for her ever to get them back again. It is a great pity but what she could. Also the thieving rascals that taken them should share the punishment that they so justly deserve. I am also ashamed to know that southern men will be guilty of such disgraceful depredations on our own people, especially a poor helpless woman that is left in her situation, but I hope that such men will meet with the doom that becomes such villains.\nMartha I did not get your last letter until a day or two ago on account of the army being on motion. We did not get our regular mail until we got back off of our last trip after the yankees. I will not attempt to try to give you the particulars of our trip this time as John I. Rumisel has gone home on furlough \u0026 he will tell you all about the matter \u0026 consequently I have but little news to write to you at present.","Jared M. Wilson \u0026 Josiah Armstrong come back to the company night before last \u0026 both of them look better than ever. I saw them they look fat \u0026 fine. The rest of the boys are all well \u0026 hearty. Lieut. J. L. Hempstead is going to start away in the morning on furlough of twenty days so our company will be left without an officer until he returns again.","Martha I forgot to write to Sarah to send me a pair of mittens \u0026 I want her to send me a good heavy pair of half soles for my shoes if she can get them if she can get them by Rumisel when he comes back. I want you if you please to let her know as soon as you get this letter if it comes to hand in time. I also had on a new jeans vest when I left home. It was so warm \u0026 I left it at Augustus Stowbuses on North River Augusta Co. I would like if to have it if he can bring it to me.","You said in your letter something about naming that big boy you say I have out there if I had no name for him. I have no particular objection to the name you proposed to me to call it but I will tell you what name I had thought to give it but I still neglected to send the name to Sarah, it\nwas Davis Jackson. Write to me \u0026 let me know what you think of my name for him not that I object to your name at all.","I must close. You must excuse this kin of ink. I expect it will fade so can't read this letter at all. Very Respectfully yours \u0026 c. Your Brother Andr. J. McCoy.","Write immediately to me. Good by. Give my kindest regards to Caroline \u0026 family \u0026 all of my relations \u0026 friends. Tell mother she is due me a letter. I wrote to her some time ago \u0026 never received a letter from her","January 16th, 1864\nCamp Near Pisgah Church, Orange Co., VA.","My dear sister\nMiss M. E. McCoy\nIt is again that I take my pen in hand this evening in haste to write you a few lines in order to inform you that I am yet alive \u0026 well at this present time. I truly hope that these few lines may find you \u0026 Caroline's family \u0026 also all of my friends \u0026 relations in the enjoyment of the same great \u0026 highly favored blessing.","Indeed Martha I have not any news to communicate to you at this time that would be interesting to you. I just write this to let you know how I am getting along \u0026 as I have a good chance of sending it to you as W.H. Wilson is going to start home in the morning on furlough \u0026 he can tell you all more satisfactorily how we are situated \u0026 can give you the news generally with more satisfaction than I can write to you. John T. Armstrong \u0026 Chismas Malcomb landed in camp and last night they left Able \u0026 Christian Simmons at Orange. Jared M. Wilson \u0026 Josiah Wilson has gone up to the Depot to meet them with two wagons to haul our boxes. Since I have been writing they have come in about dark with their load \u0026 all was right so far as we have yet seen.","I got my barrel. There was seven cheeses in it that Mother wanted me to sell for her. I will try to sell them to the best advantage \u0026 send the money home to her by some of those men. I also got four letters, one from you, one from mother, \u0026 two from Sarah. You stated in your letter that you had sent me a pound cake in Jared's barrel. I have not seen him tonight yet to say anything to him about it. He stays over at Capt. Merritt's quarters with Jared Armstrong. I will see him soon but if I get it I will be truly thankful to you for it \u0026 when I eat it I will think of my dear sister Mat who sent it to me.","You said in your letter that you had written several letters to me lately \u0026 that you hadn't got any answers from me. If you wrote I assure you that I never got them. I have not got but one letter from you for more than a month until tonight \u0026 that you was afraid that I would forget you but I can tell you that is not the case. Oh it would do me so much good to see you all once more \u0026 have a general talk with you all again. I would do my very heart good...","March 11th, 1864\nCamp, 25th Va. Infantry. Orange Co., Va.","My dear sister\nIt is again after my respects to you that I avail myself of the privilege of dropping you a few lines in order to let you know how I am getting along \u0026 c.","I am in only tolerable health at this time \u0026 have been unwell for some time past. I am not doing any duty now \u0026 I don't feel at the present like doing any duty for some time yet. I have been troubled for about a month with some kind of a disease of the bowels and attended with a considerable swelling of the abdomen \u0026 pain in my left side \u0026 through my back \u0026 limbs \u0026 to make the matter worse with me I have taken a prodigiously bad cold \u0026 the worst kind of sore mouth \u0026 also my throat is somewhat sore. The Doctor would never tell me what he thought my complaint was. I have been going through a regular course of medicine \u0026 I am still under the charge of a Doctor but I hope that I will recover from my illness soon \u0026 in good health. I suppose it all originated from cold \u0026 exposure. I have had my health extremely well ever since I have been with the army since I last left home until now. I had thought that I was going to get along finely but it seems as though I was somewhat disappointed. But I hope these few lines may find you in the enjoyment of good health but notwithstanding I was very sorry to hear that you \u0026 Caroline had been very unwell some time ago but I truly hope that you are both in good\nhealth again \u0026.","I have nothing of much importance to write about at present. Everything along our lines appears perfectly quiet at this time but the Yankees tried to make a raid on Richmond last week but they was defeated \u0026 driven back with considerable loss. Their raiders consisted of Kilpatricks cavalry \u0026 mounted infantry about fifteen thousand strong. Col. Dahlgren was killed in the fight \u0026 the whole program of their raid was found in his pocket which showed to our people the villains intentions if they could of succeeded. They had for their main object to try \u0026 release the prisoners that we hold of theirs at Richmond at the Libby prison \u0026 then they was going to murder Jeff Davis \u0026 his cabinet \u0026 all the leading men of Richmond \u0026 then plunder \u0026 take off what they could \u0026 then burn the city down regardless of the women \u0026 children or anything else \u0026 destroy all that they could in the country that would render any service to the Rebels whatever. This was the plot that was found in the possession of the villain Yankee Col. Dahlgren commanding a part of their force.","As I do not feel much like writing today I shall close for the present hoping to hear from you soon by letter. You must excuse my scribbling \u0026 c. for I am in very much of a hurry. I remain your friend \u0026 brother as ever until death.A. J. McCoy."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAndrew J. McCoy Civil War letters, 1863-1864. MS 0393. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Andrew J. McCoy Civil War letters, 1863-1864. MS 0393. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of Civil War correspondence (three items) from Confederate soldier Andrew J. McCoy to his sister Martha written while he was serving with the 25th Virginia Infantry Regiment. The letters primarily concern family matters, camp hardships, and personal news, and provide insight into the life and thoughts of an ordinary soldier.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Culpepper County, Virginia. Letter regards Andrew J. McCoy's health and family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Orange County, Virginia. Letter regards family matters and goods sent to Andrew J. McCoy from family members. Letter consists of two pages with the remainder missing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Orange County, Virginia. Letter regards Andrew J. McCoy's health and the Kilpatrick-Dahlgren Raid.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of Civil War correspondence (three items) from Confederate soldier Andrew J. McCoy to his sister Martha written while he was serving with the 25th Virginia Infantry Regiment. The letters primarily concern family matters, camp hardships, and personal news, and provide insight into the life and thoughts of an ordinary soldier.","Written from Culpepper County, Virginia. Letter regards Andrew J. McCoy's health and family matters.","Written from Orange County, Virginia. Letter regards family matters and goods sent to Andrew J. McCoy from family members. Letter consists of two pages with the remainder missing.","Written from Orange County, Virginia. Letter regards Andrew J. McCoy's health and the Kilpatrick-Dahlgren Raid."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_23396dd8b5ed3a52dce726ba733f3ec1\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["McCoy, Andrew J., 1832-1902"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","McCoy, Andrew J., 1832-1902"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":3,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_473"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Military Institute Archives","value":"Virginia Military Institute Archives","hits":356},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Military+Institute+Archives\u0026view=list"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Military+Institute+Archives\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings, 1859/1870","value":"Alexander Jackson Davis architectural drawings, 1859/1870","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Alexander+Jackson+Davis+architectural+drawings%2C+1859%2F1870\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Military+Institute+Archives\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection, 1860/2013","value":"Alumni and VMI certificates and citations collection, 1860/2013","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Alumni+and+VMI+certificates+and+citations+collection%2C+1860%2F2013\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Military+Institute+Archives\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Andrew C. 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