{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1861\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=22","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1861\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=21","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1861\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=23","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1861\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=143"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":22,"next_page":23,"prev_page":21,"total_pages":143,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":210,"total_count":1423,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3600","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Clifford-Wysor Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3600#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Clifford-Wysor family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3600#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection consists primarily of pocket/folded maps and travel guides from about 1852-1955. In addition, there are personal papers from the Clifford and Wysor families, some of whom are likely responsible for collecting the maps and guides. The personal papers date from 1951-1958.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3600#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3600","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3600","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3600","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3600","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3600.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Clifford-Wysor Collection","title_ssm":["Clifford-Wysor Collection"],"title_tesim":["Clifford-Wysor Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1852-1958"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1852-1958"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.008"],"text":["Ms.2022.008","Clifford-Wysor Collection","Europe -- Maps","Maps (documents)","The collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged in three series. Series I: Maps and Map Books, 1852-1955, undated; Series II: Travel Guides, 1947-1953; and Series III: Personal Papers from the Clifford-Wysor Family, 1951-1958. ","Series I: Maps and Map Books, 1852-1955, undated includes a collection of maps, map books, and pocket maps. These hvae been organized into groups by continent. The majority are of countries and regions in Europe and states and regions in the United States, though there are also maps of Central and South America, as well an atlas and one map of Australia. ","Series II: Travel Guides, 1947-1953 contains a small group of published travel guides, mostly of England and the greater United Kingdom, plus several from the United States and one of Italy. ","Series III: Personal Papers from the Clifford-Wysor Family, 1951-1958 includes materials in the boxes with the maps from the Clifford and Wysor families, who likely collected the maps and travel guides. This series consists of family photographs, postcards, and notes. ","The guide to the Clifford-Wysor Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Clifford-Wysor Collection was completed in March 2023.","This collection contains materials related to Shirley and Alan F. Clifford. See the\n Shirley Mittleman Clifford Papers, Ms2021-021,  also at SCUA. ","The Cliffords' daughter Abbie Louise Clifford married John Chandler Wysor III. He may be related to the Dr. John Chandler Wysor of the  John C. Wysor Letter, Ms2024-056.","This collection consists primarily of pocket/folded maps and travel guides from about 1852-1955. In addition, there are personal papers from the Clifford and Wysor families, some of whom are likely responsible for collecting the maps and guides. The personal papers date from 1951-1958. ","The maps and map books cover more than a century of dates and contain maps from Europe, the Americas, and Asia, with an emphasis on the former two. These include maps for individual cities, countries, and regions. The travel guides includes guides from several places in Europe and the United States. The personal papers include photographs, postcards, and some ephemera. ","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to certain items. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection consists primarily of pocket/folded maps and travel guides from about 1852-1955. In addition, there are personal papers from the Clifford and Wysor families, some of whom are likely responsible for collecting the maps and guides. The personal papers date from 1951-1958.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Clifford-Wysor family","Clifford, Alan F., 1919-1995","Clifford, Shirley Mittleman, 1923-1997","This collection is primarily in English, though several map books are in French."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clifford-Wysor Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Clifford-Wysor Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Clifford-Wysor Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Europe -- Maps"],"geogname_ssim":["Europe -- Maps"],"creator_ssm":["Clifford-Wysor family","Clifford, Alan F., 1919-1995","Clifford, Shirley Mittleman, 1923-1997"],"creator_ssim":["Clifford-Wysor family","Clifford, Alan F., 1919-1995","Clifford, Shirley Mittleman, 1923-1997"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Clifford, Alan F., 1919-1995","Clifford, Shirley Mittleman, 1923-1997"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Clifford-Wysor family"],"creators_ssim":["Clifford, Alan F., 1919-1995","Clifford, Shirley Mittleman, 1923-1997","Clifford-Wysor family"],"places_ssim":["Europe -- Maps"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to certain items. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was acquired by Special Collections and University Archives prior to 2000."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps (documents)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.8 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.8 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Maps (documents)"],"date_range_isim":[1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in three series. Series I: Maps and Map Books, 1852-1955, undated; Series II: Travel Guides, 1947-1953; and Series III: Personal Papers from the Clifford-Wysor Family, 1951-1958. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Maps and Map Books, 1852-1955, undated includes a collection of maps, map books, and pocket maps. These hvae been organized into groups by continent. The majority are of countries and regions in Europe and states and regions in the United States, though there are also maps of Central and South America, as well an atlas and one map of Australia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Travel Guides, 1947-1953 contains a small group of published travel guides, mostly of England and the greater United Kingdom, plus several from the United States and one of Italy. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Personal Papers from the Clifford-Wysor Family, 1951-1958 includes materials in the boxes with the maps from the Clifford and Wysor families, who likely collected the maps and travel guides. This series consists of family photographs, postcards, and notes. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in three series. Series I: Maps and Map Books, 1852-1955, undated; Series II: Travel Guides, 1947-1953; and Series III: Personal Papers from the Clifford-Wysor Family, 1951-1958. ","Series I: Maps and Map Books, 1852-1955, undated includes a collection of maps, map books, and pocket maps. These hvae been organized into groups by continent. The majority are of countries and regions in Europe and states and regions in the United States, though there are also maps of Central and South America, as well an atlas and one map of Australia. ","Series II: Travel Guides, 1947-1953 contains a small group of published travel guides, mostly of England and the greater United Kingdom, plus several from the United States and one of Italy. ","Series III: Personal Papers from the Clifford-Wysor Family, 1951-1958 includes materials in the boxes with the maps from the Clifford and Wysor families, who likely collected the maps and travel guides. This series consists of family photographs, postcards, and notes. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Clifford-Wysor Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Clifford-Wysor Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Clifford-Wysor Collection, 1852-1958, Ms2022-008, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Clifford-Wysor Collection, 1852-1958, Ms2022-008, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Clifford-Wysor Collection was completed in March 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Clifford-Wysor Collection was completed in March 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials related to Shirley and Alan F. Clifford. See the\n\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3539.xml\"\u003eShirley Mittleman Clifford Papers, Ms2021-021,\u003c/a\u003e also at SCUA. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Cliffords' daughter Abbie Louise Clifford married John Chandler Wysor III. He may be related to the Dr. John Chandler Wysor of the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4264.xml\"\u003eJohn C. Wysor Letter, Ms2024-056.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["This collection contains materials related to Shirley and Alan F. Clifford. See the\n Shirley Mittleman Clifford Papers, Ms2021-021,  also at SCUA. ","The Cliffords' daughter Abbie Louise Clifford married John Chandler Wysor III. He may be related to the Dr. John Chandler Wysor of the  John C. Wysor Letter, Ms2024-056."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists primarily of pocket/folded maps and travel guides from about 1852-1955. In addition, there are personal papers from the Clifford and Wysor families, some of whom are likely responsible for collecting the maps and guides. The personal papers date from 1951-1958. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe maps and map books cover more than a century of dates and contain maps from Europe, the Americas, and Asia, with an emphasis on the former two. These include maps for individual cities, countries, and regions. The travel guides includes guides from several places in Europe and the United States. The personal papers include photographs, postcards, and some ephemera. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists primarily of pocket/folded maps and travel guides from about 1852-1955. In addition, there are personal papers from the Clifford and Wysor families, some of whom are likely responsible for collecting the maps and guides. The personal papers date from 1951-1958. ","The maps and map books cover more than a century of dates and contain maps from Europe, the Americas, and Asia, with an emphasis on the former two. These include maps for individual cities, countries, and regions. The travel guides includes guides from several places in Europe and the United States. The personal papers include photographs, postcards, and some ephemera. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to certain items. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to certain items. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2d6edcb16111e35ec3e755a247cf063f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists primarily of pocket/folded maps and travel guides from about 1852-1955. In addition, there are personal papers from the Clifford and Wysor families, some of whom are likely responsible for collecting the maps and guides. The personal papers date from 1951-1958.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists primarily of pocket/folded maps and travel guides from about 1852-1955. In addition, there are personal papers from the Clifford and Wysor families, some of whom are likely responsible for collecting the maps and guides. The personal papers date from 1951-1958."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Clifford-Wysor family","Clifford, Alan F., 1919-1995","Clifford, Shirley Mittleman, 1923-1997"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Clifford-Wysor family"],"persname_ssim":["Clifford, Alan F., 1919-1995","Clifford, Shirley Mittleman, 1923-1997"],"language_ssim":["This collection is primarily in English, though several map books are in French."],"total_component_count_is":111,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:12:37.448Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3600","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3600","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3600","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3600","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3600.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Clifford-Wysor Collection","title_ssm":["Clifford-Wysor Collection"],"title_tesim":["Clifford-Wysor Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1852-1958"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1852-1958"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.008"],"text":["Ms.2022.008","Clifford-Wysor Collection","Europe -- Maps","Maps (documents)","The collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged in three series. Series I: Maps and Map Books, 1852-1955, undated; Series II: Travel Guides, 1947-1953; and Series III: Personal Papers from the Clifford-Wysor Family, 1951-1958. ","Series I: Maps and Map Books, 1852-1955, undated includes a collection of maps, map books, and pocket maps. These hvae been organized into groups by continent. The majority are of countries and regions in Europe and states and regions in the United States, though there are also maps of Central and South America, as well an atlas and one map of Australia. ","Series II: Travel Guides, 1947-1953 contains a small group of published travel guides, mostly of England and the greater United Kingdom, plus several from the United States and one of Italy. ","Series III: Personal Papers from the Clifford-Wysor Family, 1951-1958 includes materials in the boxes with the maps from the Clifford and Wysor families, who likely collected the maps and travel guides. This series consists of family photographs, postcards, and notes. ","The guide to the Clifford-Wysor Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Clifford-Wysor Collection was completed in March 2023.","This collection contains materials related to Shirley and Alan F. Clifford. See the\n Shirley Mittleman Clifford Papers, Ms2021-021,  also at SCUA. ","The Cliffords' daughter Abbie Louise Clifford married John Chandler Wysor III. He may be related to the Dr. John Chandler Wysor of the  John C. Wysor Letter, Ms2024-056.","This collection consists primarily of pocket/folded maps and travel guides from about 1852-1955. In addition, there are personal papers from the Clifford and Wysor families, some of whom are likely responsible for collecting the maps and guides. The personal papers date from 1951-1958. ","The maps and map books cover more than a century of dates and contain maps from Europe, the Americas, and Asia, with an emphasis on the former two. These include maps for individual cities, countries, and regions. The travel guides includes guides from several places in Europe and the United States. The personal papers include photographs, postcards, and some ephemera. ","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to certain items. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection consists primarily of pocket/folded maps and travel guides from about 1852-1955. In addition, there are personal papers from the Clifford and Wysor families, some of whom are likely responsible for collecting the maps and guides. The personal papers date from 1951-1958.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Clifford-Wysor family","Clifford, Alan F., 1919-1995","Clifford, Shirley Mittleman, 1923-1997","This collection is primarily in English, though several map books are in French."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clifford-Wysor Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Clifford-Wysor Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Clifford-Wysor Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Europe -- Maps"],"geogname_ssim":["Europe -- Maps"],"creator_ssm":["Clifford-Wysor family","Clifford, Alan F., 1919-1995","Clifford, Shirley Mittleman, 1923-1997"],"creator_ssim":["Clifford-Wysor family","Clifford, Alan F., 1919-1995","Clifford, Shirley Mittleman, 1923-1997"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Clifford, Alan F., 1919-1995","Clifford, Shirley Mittleman, 1923-1997"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Clifford-Wysor family"],"creators_ssim":["Clifford, Alan F., 1919-1995","Clifford, Shirley Mittleman, 1923-1997","Clifford-Wysor family"],"places_ssim":["Europe -- Maps"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to certain items. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was acquired by Special Collections and University Archives prior to 2000."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps (documents)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.8 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.8 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Maps (documents)"],"date_range_isim":[1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in three series. 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The majority are of countries and regions in Europe and states and regions in the United States, though there are also maps of Central and South America, as well an atlas and one map of Australia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Travel Guides, 1947-1953 contains a small group of published travel guides, mostly of England and the greater United Kingdom, plus several from the United States and one of Italy. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Personal Papers from the Clifford-Wysor Family, 1951-1958 includes materials in the boxes with the maps from the Clifford and Wysor families, who likely collected the maps and travel guides. This series consists of family photographs, postcards, and notes. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in three series. Series I: Maps and Map Books, 1852-1955, undated; Series II: Travel Guides, 1947-1953; and Series III: Personal Papers from the Clifford-Wysor Family, 1951-1958. ","Series I: Maps and Map Books, 1852-1955, undated includes a collection of maps, map books, and pocket maps. These hvae been organized into groups by continent. The majority are of countries and regions in Europe and states and regions in the United States, though there are also maps of Central and South America, as well an atlas and one map of Australia. ","Series II: Travel Guides, 1947-1953 contains a small group of published travel guides, mostly of England and the greater United Kingdom, plus several from the United States and one of Italy. ","Series III: Personal Papers from the Clifford-Wysor Family, 1951-1958 includes materials in the boxes with the maps from the Clifford and Wysor families, who likely collected the maps and travel guides. This series consists of family photographs, postcards, and notes. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Clifford-Wysor Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Clifford-Wysor Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Clifford-Wysor Collection, 1852-1958, Ms2022-008, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Clifford-Wysor Collection, 1852-1958, Ms2022-008, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Clifford-Wysor Collection was completed in March 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Clifford-Wysor Collection was completed in March 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials related to Shirley and Alan F. Clifford. See the\n\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3539.xml\"\u003eShirley Mittleman Clifford Papers, Ms2021-021,\u003c/a\u003e also at SCUA. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Cliffords' daughter Abbie Louise Clifford married John Chandler Wysor III. He may be related to the Dr. John Chandler Wysor of the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4264.xml\"\u003eJohn C. Wysor Letter, Ms2024-056.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["This collection contains materials related to Shirley and Alan F. Clifford. See the\n Shirley Mittleman Clifford Papers, Ms2021-021,  also at SCUA. ","The Cliffords' daughter Abbie Louise Clifford married John Chandler Wysor III. He may be related to the Dr. John Chandler Wysor of the  John C. Wysor Letter, Ms2024-056."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists primarily of pocket/folded maps and travel guides from about 1852-1955. In addition, there are personal papers from the Clifford and Wysor families, some of whom are likely responsible for collecting the maps and guides. The personal papers date from 1951-1958. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe maps and map books cover more than a century of dates and contain maps from Europe, the Americas, and Asia, with an emphasis on the former two. These include maps for individual cities, countries, and regions. The travel guides includes guides from several places in Europe and the United States. The personal papers include photographs, postcards, and some ephemera. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists primarily of pocket/folded maps and travel guides from about 1852-1955. In addition, there are personal papers from the Clifford and Wysor families, some of whom are likely responsible for collecting the maps and guides. The personal papers date from 1951-1958. ","The maps and map books cover more than a century of dates and contain maps from Europe, the Americas, and Asia, with an emphasis on the former two. These include maps for individual cities, countries, and regions. The travel guides includes guides from several places in Europe and the United States. The personal papers include photographs, postcards, and some ephemera. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to certain items. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to certain items. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2d6edcb16111e35ec3e755a247cf063f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists primarily of pocket/folded maps and travel guides from about 1852-1955. In addition, there are personal papers from the Clifford and Wysor families, some of whom are likely responsible for collecting the maps and guides. The personal papers date from 1951-1958.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists primarily of pocket/folded maps and travel guides from about 1852-1955. In addition, there are personal papers from the Clifford and Wysor families, some of whom are likely responsible for collecting the maps and guides. The personal papers date from 1951-1958."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Clifford-Wysor family","Clifford, Alan F., 1919-1995","Clifford, Shirley Mittleman, 1923-1997"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Clifford-Wysor family"],"persname_ssim":["Clifford, Alan F., 1919-1995","Clifford, Shirley Mittleman, 1923-1997"],"language_ssim":["This collection is primarily in English, though several map books are in French."],"total_component_count_is":111,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:12:37.448Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3600"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c06","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c06","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c06"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c06","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection","Series II: Clippings"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection","Series II: Clippings"],"text":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection","Series II: Clippings","Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry","box 3","folder 6"],"title_filing_ssi":"Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry","title_ssm":["Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry"],"title_tesim":["Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1839-1917, 1959-1964"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1839/1964"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":27,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish material from the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"date_range_isim":[1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 6"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#5","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:27:21.236Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3018.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Barnes, John Performing Arts Collection,  1890s-1980s","title_ssm":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"title_tesim":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1890-1983","1940-1969"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1940-1969"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1890-1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2016.005"],"text":["Ms.2016.005","John Barnes Performing Arts Collection","Charlottesville (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Community theater","Theater programs","Concert programs","Collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in ten series. For the most part, the series reflect the arrangement in which the collection was found in 2009. Please note: Many series overlap, i.e. there are theatre materials in series other than Series V.","Series I: Scrapbooks  includes scrapbooks on a variety of theatre topics from the 1900s through the 1970s including articles on burlesque, Allied Entertainment, the Kansas City Theatre, Gloria Swanson, Charles Dickens, George Bernard Shaw, William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, Ben Johnson, and the theatre industry in general. There are also scrapbooks containing theatrical programs from the 1920s to the 1970s.","Series II: Clippings  consists of numerous magazine and journal articles from 1839 through 1966 about the theatre and entertainment industries that have been clipped and individually bound. Source publications for the clippings include:  Popular Electricity ,  Munsey's Magazine ,  Atlantic Monthly ,  The Library Magazine ,  Harper's New Monthly Magazine ,  The Nineteenth Century , and more.","Series III: National Theatre (Washington, DC)  includes performing arts programs from the National Theatre in Washington, DC. The series includes programs from the 1940s through the 1970s and opera programs from the mid-1940s. The majority of the series is theatrical programs which are grouped  by time period and program design. There are two subseries: 1940s-1950s playbills, 1960s-1970s playbills. ","Series IV: John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts  includes theatre, opera, ballet, kabuki, and concert programs. About half of the series is theatre programs covering the 1960s and 1970s. Programs for the other genres are all from the 1970s. The series has two subseries: theatre playbills and ballet programs.","Series V: Theatre  includes a broad variety of theatrical programs from around the world including programs from Israel, Italy, Poland, France, and the United States. It also includes newsletters, advertising and subscription materials, and souvenir programs. There are seven subseries: George Bernard Shaw playbills, Chicago theatre playbills, Broadway playbills (further divided by era), Arena Stage playbills, The Virginia Players playbills, The Washington Theater Club playbills, and Souvenir programs. The remaining playbills are organized by venue. Items in this series are from the 1900s through the 1970s.","Series VI: Opera  includes opera programs from the 1920s to the 1970s in English, French, and Italian. The programs are organized by opera company. Companies represented in the collection include: the English National Opera, Opera National de Belgique, the Dallas Civic Opera Company, The Oratorio Society of Charlottesville-Albemarle, the Virginia Opera Association, the Washington Grand Opera Association, and more.","Series VII: Ballet and Dance  includes ballet and dance programs from the 1930s to 1980 in English, French, Polish, and Russian. The programs are organized by dance company. Companies represented in the collection include: Alvin Ailey City Center Dance Theater, Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, Bat-Dor Dance Company of Israel, Charlottesville Civic Ballet Company, The Bolshoi Ballet, Fairfax Ballet Company, National Ballet of Canada, New York City Ballet, State Order of Lenin Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre, The National Ballet (United States of America), and more.","Series VIII: Music  includes concert programs for ensemble performances, individual performers, music festivals, and music variety shows. The programs are from the 1920s through the early 1980s. There are programs from the University of Virginia, Virginia Tech, the National Symphony Orchestra, the Civic Musical Association of Richmond, The Community Concert Association (Charlottesville, Virginia), and more. There are three subseries: University of Virginia programs, Virginia Tech Union programs, and Large musical ensemble programs.","Series IX: Motion Pictures and Television  includes film materials from the 1920s through the 1970s with the majority of the items from the early days of film in the 1920s and 1930s. The series includes promotional handouts, film festival notes, motion picture brochures, catalogs, and programs, and a subseries of materials from the British Film Institute in the 1950s and 1960s. This series includes items in English, German, and Hungarian.","Series X: Other Genres  includes items about the entertainment industry in general, museum and library event programs, circus programs, cabaret programs, figure skating programs, and a dressage (horse dancing) program. Items in this series are from the 1930s through the 1970s and are in English, Russian, and French.","John Hancock Barnes was born October 18, 1905 in Missouri and died on November 7, 1979 in Charlottesville, Virginia. He was married to Margaret Seymour. Barnes held both a Bachelor of Philosophy and a Master of Education. He was the head of the English department at Fluvanna County High School in Palmyra, Virginia from 1945 to 1949. He was an English teacher at Lane High School in Charlottesville, VA from 1949 until the school shut down under the Stanley Plan in September 1958 to protest the U.S. Supreme Court ruling regarding racial integration in  Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka . When the school reopened in February 1959, Barnes was the guidance director. He remained in that position until at least 1963. He passed away in 1979.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection commenced in January 2016 and was completed in May 2016.","The collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s. Many of the programs were paired with clippings of newspaper critics' reviews of the performances. The reviews have been digitized and are available upon request. See the Arrangement note for additional information on the  contents of the collection.","The following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection:","The following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection: Anna Bolena Italian-English Libretto, 1973 The Bookman's Journal and Print Collector, Vol. V, no. 1-3, 1921? Player's Magazine, November 1924-May and June 1931, February-May 1959 Philharmonic, July 1901 Saint Joan feature book, 1957 Tiefland Libretto, 1908 A Witch of Salem Libretto, 1926","Permission to publish material from the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979","Materials in this collection are in English, French, German, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Polish,  and Russian."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2016.005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"collection_ssim":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Charlottesville (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"creator_ssim":["Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"creators_ssim":["Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"places_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The John Barnes Performing Arts Collection was given to Special Collections prior to 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Community theater","Theater programs","Concert programs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Community theater","Theater programs","Concert programs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["11.9 Cubic Feet 9 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["11.9 Cubic Feet 9 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Theater programs","Concert programs"],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in ten series. For the most part, the series reflect the arrangement in which the collection was found in 2009. Please note: Many series overlap, i.e. there are theatre materials in series other than Series V.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries I: Scrapbooks\u003c/b\u003e includes scrapbooks on a variety of theatre topics from the 1900s through the 1970s including articles on burlesque, Allied Entertainment, the Kansas City Theatre, Gloria Swanson, Charles Dickens, George Bernard Shaw, William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, Ben Johnson, and the theatre industry in general. There are also scrapbooks containing theatrical programs from the 1920s to the 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries II: Clippings\u003c/b\u003e consists of numerous magazine and journal articles from 1839 through 1966 about the theatre and entertainment industries that have been clipped and individually bound. Source publications for the clippings include: \u003ci\u003ePopular Electricity\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eMunsey's Magazine\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eAtlantic Monthly\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eThe Library Magazine\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eHarper's New Monthly Magazine\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eThe Nineteenth Century\u003c/i\u003e, and more.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries III: National Theatre (Washington, DC)\u003c/b\u003e includes performing arts programs from the National Theatre in Washington, DC. The series includes programs from the 1940s through the 1970s and opera programs from the mid-1940s. The majority of the series is theatrical programs which are grouped  by time period and program design. There are two subseries: 1940s-1950s playbills, 1960s-1970s playbills. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries IV: John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts\u003c/b\u003e includes theatre, opera, ballet, kabuki, and concert programs. About half of the series is theatre programs covering the 1960s and 1970s. Programs for the other genres are all from the 1970s. The series has two subseries: theatre playbills and ballet programs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries V: Theatre\u003c/b\u003e includes a broad variety of theatrical programs from around the world including programs from Israel, Italy, Poland, France, and the United States. It also includes newsletters, advertising and subscription materials, and souvenir programs. There are seven subseries: George Bernard Shaw playbills, Chicago theatre playbills, Broadway playbills (further divided by era), Arena Stage playbills, The Virginia Players playbills, The Washington Theater Club playbills, and Souvenir programs. The remaining playbills are organized by venue. Items in this series are from the 1900s through the 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries VI: Opera\u003c/b\u003e includes opera programs from the 1920s to the 1970s in English, French, and Italian. The programs are organized by opera company. Companies represented in the collection include: the English National Opera, Opera National de Belgique, the Dallas Civic Opera Company, The Oratorio Society of Charlottesville-Albemarle, the Virginia Opera Association, the Washington Grand Opera Association, and more.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries VII: Ballet and Dance\u003c/b\u003e includes ballet and dance programs from the 1930s to 1980 in English, French, Polish, and Russian. The programs are organized by dance company. Companies represented in the collection include: Alvin Ailey City Center Dance Theater, Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, Bat-Dor Dance Company of Israel, Charlottesville Civic Ballet Company, The Bolshoi Ballet, Fairfax Ballet Company, National Ballet of Canada, New York City Ballet, State Order of Lenin Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre, The National Ballet (United States of America), and more.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries VIII: Music\u003c/b\u003e includes concert programs for ensemble performances, individual performers, music festivals, and music variety shows. The programs are from the 1920s through the early 1980s. There are programs from the University of Virginia, Virginia Tech, the National Symphony Orchestra, the Civic Musical Association of Richmond, The Community Concert Association (Charlottesville, Virginia), and more. There are three subseries: University of Virginia programs, Virginia Tech Union programs, and Large musical ensemble programs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries IX: Motion Pictures and Television\u003c/b\u003e includes film materials from the 1920s through the 1970s with the majority of the items from the early days of film in the 1920s and 1930s. The series includes promotional handouts, film festival notes, motion picture brochures, catalogs, and programs, and a subseries of materials from the British Film Institute in the 1950s and 1960s. This series includes items in English, German, and Hungarian.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries X: Other Genres\u003c/b\u003e includes items about the entertainment industry in general, museum and library event programs, circus programs, cabaret programs, figure skating programs, and a dressage (horse dancing) program. Items in this series are from the 1930s through the 1970s and are in English, Russian, and French.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in ten series. For the most part, the series reflect the arrangement in which the collection was found in 2009. Please note: Many series overlap, i.e. there are theatre materials in series other than Series V.","Series I: Scrapbooks  includes scrapbooks on a variety of theatre topics from the 1900s through the 1970s including articles on burlesque, Allied Entertainment, the Kansas City Theatre, Gloria Swanson, Charles Dickens, George Bernard Shaw, William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, Ben Johnson, and the theatre industry in general. There are also scrapbooks containing theatrical programs from the 1920s to the 1970s.","Series II: Clippings  consists of numerous magazine and journal articles from 1839 through 1966 about the theatre and entertainment industries that have been clipped and individually bound. Source publications for the clippings include:  Popular Electricity ,  Munsey's Magazine ,  Atlantic Monthly ,  The Library Magazine ,  Harper's New Monthly Magazine ,  The Nineteenth Century , and more.","Series III: National Theatre (Washington, DC)  includes performing arts programs from the National Theatre in Washington, DC. The series includes programs from the 1940s through the 1970s and opera programs from the mid-1940s. The majority of the series is theatrical programs which are grouped  by time period and program design. There are two subseries: 1940s-1950s playbills, 1960s-1970s playbills. ","Series IV: John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts  includes theatre, opera, ballet, kabuki, and concert programs. About half of the series is theatre programs covering the 1960s and 1970s. Programs for the other genres are all from the 1970s. The series has two subseries: theatre playbills and ballet programs.","Series V: Theatre  includes a broad variety of theatrical programs from around the world including programs from Israel, Italy, Poland, France, and the United States. It also includes newsletters, advertising and subscription materials, and souvenir programs. There are seven subseries: George Bernard Shaw playbills, Chicago theatre playbills, Broadway playbills (further divided by era), Arena Stage playbills, The Virginia Players playbills, The Washington Theater Club playbills, and Souvenir programs. The remaining playbills are organized by venue. Items in this series are from the 1900s through the 1970s.","Series VI: Opera  includes opera programs from the 1920s to the 1970s in English, French, and Italian. The programs are organized by opera company. Companies represented in the collection include: the English National Opera, Opera National de Belgique, the Dallas Civic Opera Company, The Oratorio Society of Charlottesville-Albemarle, the Virginia Opera Association, the Washington Grand Opera Association, and more.","Series VII: Ballet and Dance  includes ballet and dance programs from the 1930s to 1980 in English, French, Polish, and Russian. The programs are organized by dance company. Companies represented in the collection include: Alvin Ailey City Center Dance Theater, Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, Bat-Dor Dance Company of Israel, Charlottesville Civic Ballet Company, The Bolshoi Ballet, Fairfax Ballet Company, National Ballet of Canada, New York City Ballet, State Order of Lenin Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre, The National Ballet (United States of America), and more.","Series VIII: Music  includes concert programs for ensemble performances, individual performers, music festivals, and music variety shows. The programs are from the 1920s through the early 1980s. There are programs from the University of Virginia, Virginia Tech, the National Symphony Orchestra, the Civic Musical Association of Richmond, The Community Concert Association (Charlottesville, Virginia), and more. There are three subseries: University of Virginia programs, Virginia Tech Union programs, and Large musical ensemble programs.","Series IX: Motion Pictures and Television  includes film materials from the 1920s through the 1970s with the majority of the items from the early days of film in the 1920s and 1930s. The series includes promotional handouts, film festival notes, motion picture brochures, catalogs, and programs, and a subseries of materials from the British Film Institute in the 1950s and 1960s. This series includes items in English, German, and Hungarian.","Series X: Other Genres  includes items about the entertainment industry in general, museum and library event programs, circus programs, cabaret programs, figure skating programs, and a dressage (horse dancing) program. Items in this series are from the 1930s through the 1970s and are in English, Russian, and French."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Hancock Barnes was born October 18, 1905 in Missouri and died on November 7, 1979 in Charlottesville, Virginia. He was married to Margaret Seymour. Barnes held both a Bachelor of Philosophy and a Master of Education. He was the head of the English department at Fluvanna County High School in Palmyra, Virginia from 1945 to 1949. He was an English teacher at Lane High School in Charlottesville, VA from 1949 until the school shut down under the Stanley Plan in September 1958 to protest the U.S. Supreme Court ruling regarding racial integration in \u003ci\u003eBrown v. Board of Education of Topeka\u003c/i\u003e. When the school reopened in February 1959, Barnes was the guidance director. He remained in that position until at least 1963. He passed away in 1979.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Hancock Barnes was born October 18, 1905 in Missouri and died on November 7, 1979 in Charlottesville, Virginia. He was married to Margaret Seymour. Barnes held both a Bachelor of Philosophy and a Master of Education. He was the head of the English department at Fluvanna County High School in Palmyra, Virginia from 1945 to 1949. He was an English teacher at Lane High School in Charlottesville, VA from 1949 until the school shut down under the Stanley Plan in September 1958 to protest the U.S. Supreme Court ruling regarding racial integration in  Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka . When the school reopened in February 1959, Barnes was the guidance director. He remained in that position until at least 1963. He passed away in 1979."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: John Barnes Performing Arts Collection, Ms2016-005, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: John Barnes Performing Arts Collection, Ms2016-005, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection commenced in January 2016 and was completed in May 2016.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection commenced in January 2016 and was completed in May 2016."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s. Many of the programs were paired with clippings of newspaper critics' reviews of the performances. The reviews have been digitized and are available upon request. See the Arrangement note for additional information on the  contents of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s. Many of the programs were paired with clippings of newspaper critics' reviews of the performances. The reviews have been digitized and are available upon request. See the Arrangement note for additional information on the  contents of the collection."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eThe following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection:\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAnna Bolena Italian-English Libretto, 1973\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eThe Bookman's Journal and Print Collector, Vol. V, no. 1-3, 1921?\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePlayer's Magazine, November 1924-May and June 1931, February-May 1959\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhilharmonic, July 1901\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSaint Joan feature book, 1957\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTiefland Libretto, 1908\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eA Witch of Salem Libretto, 1926\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection:","The following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection: Anna Bolena Italian-English Libretto, 1973 The Bookman's Journal and Print Collector, Vol. V, no. 1-3, 1921? Player's Magazine, November 1924-May and June 1931, February-May 1959 Philharmonic, July 1901 Saint Joan feature book, 1957 Tiefland Libretto, 1908 A Witch of Salem Libretto, 1926"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_68b34aec577b16124acbb1215f539ab7\"\u003eThe collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"language_ssim":["Materials in this collection are in English, French, German, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Polish,  and Russian."],"total_component_count_is":314,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:27:21.236Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c06"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c08","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c08#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c08","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c08"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c08","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection","Series II: Clippings"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection","Series II: Clippings"],"text":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection","Series II: Clippings","Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry","box 3","folder 8"],"title_filing_ssi":"Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry","title_ssm":["Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry"],"title_tesim":["Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1850-1888, 1900-1915, 1922-1928"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1850/1928"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":29,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish material from the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#7","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:27:21.236Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3018.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Barnes, John Performing Arts Collection,  1890s-1980s","title_ssm":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"title_tesim":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1890-1983","1940-1969"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1940-1969"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1890-1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2016.005"],"text":["Ms.2016.005","John Barnes Performing Arts Collection","Charlottesville (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Community theater","Theater programs","Concert programs","Collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in ten series. For the most part, the series reflect the arrangement in which the collection was found in 2009. Please note: Many series overlap, i.e. there are theatre materials in series other than Series V.","Series I: Scrapbooks  includes scrapbooks on a variety of theatre topics from the 1900s through the 1970s including articles on burlesque, Allied Entertainment, the Kansas City Theatre, Gloria Swanson, Charles Dickens, George Bernard Shaw, William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, Ben Johnson, and the theatre industry in general. There are also scrapbooks containing theatrical programs from the 1920s to the 1970s.","Series II: Clippings  consists of numerous magazine and journal articles from 1839 through 1966 about the theatre and entertainment industries that have been clipped and individually bound. Source publications for the clippings include:  Popular Electricity ,  Munsey's Magazine ,  Atlantic Monthly ,  The Library Magazine ,  Harper's New Monthly Magazine ,  The Nineteenth Century , and more.","Series III: National Theatre (Washington, DC)  includes performing arts programs from the National Theatre in Washington, DC. The series includes programs from the 1940s through the 1970s and opera programs from the mid-1940s. The majority of the series is theatrical programs which are grouped  by time period and program design. There are two subseries: 1940s-1950s playbills, 1960s-1970s playbills. ","Series IV: John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts  includes theatre, opera, ballet, kabuki, and concert programs. About half of the series is theatre programs covering the 1960s and 1970s. Programs for the other genres are all from the 1970s. The series has two subseries: theatre playbills and ballet programs.","Series V: Theatre  includes a broad variety of theatrical programs from around the world including programs from Israel, Italy, Poland, France, and the United States. It also includes newsletters, advertising and subscription materials, and souvenir programs. There are seven subseries: George Bernard Shaw playbills, Chicago theatre playbills, Broadway playbills (further divided by era), Arena Stage playbills, The Virginia Players playbills, The Washington Theater Club playbills, and Souvenir programs. The remaining playbills are organized by venue. Items in this series are from the 1900s through the 1970s.","Series VI: Opera  includes opera programs from the 1920s to the 1970s in English, French, and Italian. The programs are organized by opera company. Companies represented in the collection include: the English National Opera, Opera National de Belgique, the Dallas Civic Opera Company, The Oratorio Society of Charlottesville-Albemarle, the Virginia Opera Association, the Washington Grand Opera Association, and more.","Series VII: Ballet and Dance  includes ballet and dance programs from the 1930s to 1980 in English, French, Polish, and Russian. The programs are organized by dance company. Companies represented in the collection include: Alvin Ailey City Center Dance Theater, Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, Bat-Dor Dance Company of Israel, Charlottesville Civic Ballet Company, The Bolshoi Ballet, Fairfax Ballet Company, National Ballet of Canada, New York City Ballet, State Order of Lenin Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre, The National Ballet (United States of America), and more.","Series VIII: Music  includes concert programs for ensemble performances, individual performers, music festivals, and music variety shows. The programs are from the 1920s through the early 1980s. There are programs from the University of Virginia, Virginia Tech, the National Symphony Orchestra, the Civic Musical Association of Richmond, The Community Concert Association (Charlottesville, Virginia), and more. There are three subseries: University of Virginia programs, Virginia Tech Union programs, and Large musical ensemble programs.","Series IX: Motion Pictures and Television  includes film materials from the 1920s through the 1970s with the majority of the items from the early days of film in the 1920s and 1930s. The series includes promotional handouts, film festival notes, motion picture brochures, catalogs, and programs, and a subseries of materials from the British Film Institute in the 1950s and 1960s. This series includes items in English, German, and Hungarian.","Series X: Other Genres  includes items about the entertainment industry in general, museum and library event programs, circus programs, cabaret programs, figure skating programs, and a dressage (horse dancing) program. Items in this series are from the 1930s through the 1970s and are in English, Russian, and French.","John Hancock Barnes was born October 18, 1905 in Missouri and died on November 7, 1979 in Charlottesville, Virginia. He was married to Margaret Seymour. Barnes held both a Bachelor of Philosophy and a Master of Education. He was the head of the English department at Fluvanna County High School in Palmyra, Virginia from 1945 to 1949. He was an English teacher at Lane High School in Charlottesville, VA from 1949 until the school shut down under the Stanley Plan in September 1958 to protest the U.S. Supreme Court ruling regarding racial integration in  Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka . When the school reopened in February 1959, Barnes was the guidance director. He remained in that position until at least 1963. He passed away in 1979.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection commenced in January 2016 and was completed in May 2016.","The collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s. Many of the programs were paired with clippings of newspaper critics' reviews of the performances. The reviews have been digitized and are available upon request. See the Arrangement note for additional information on the  contents of the collection.","The following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection:","The following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection: Anna Bolena Italian-English Libretto, 1973 The Bookman's Journal and Print Collector, Vol. V, no. 1-3, 1921? Player's Magazine, November 1924-May and June 1931, February-May 1959 Philharmonic, July 1901 Saint Joan feature book, 1957 Tiefland Libretto, 1908 A Witch of Salem Libretto, 1926","Permission to publish material from the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979","Materials in this collection are in English, French, German, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Polish,  and Russian."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2016.005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"collection_ssim":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Charlottesville (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"creator_ssim":["Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"creators_ssim":["Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"places_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The John Barnes Performing Arts Collection was given to Special Collections prior to 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Community theater","Theater programs","Concert programs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Community theater","Theater programs","Concert programs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["11.9 Cubic Feet 9 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["11.9 Cubic Feet 9 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Theater programs","Concert programs"],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in ten series. For the most part, the series reflect the arrangement in which the collection was found in 2009. Please note: Many series overlap, i.e. there are theatre materials in series other than Series V.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries I: Scrapbooks\u003c/b\u003e includes scrapbooks on a variety of theatre topics from the 1900s through the 1970s including articles on burlesque, Allied Entertainment, the Kansas City Theatre, Gloria Swanson, Charles Dickens, George Bernard Shaw, William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, Ben Johnson, and the theatre industry in general. There are also scrapbooks containing theatrical programs from the 1920s to the 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries II: Clippings\u003c/b\u003e consists of numerous magazine and journal articles from 1839 through 1966 about the theatre and entertainment industries that have been clipped and individually bound. Source publications for the clippings include: \u003ci\u003ePopular Electricity\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eMunsey's Magazine\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eAtlantic Monthly\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eThe Library Magazine\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eHarper's New Monthly Magazine\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eThe Nineteenth Century\u003c/i\u003e, and more.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries III: National Theatre (Washington, DC)\u003c/b\u003e includes performing arts programs from the National Theatre in Washington, DC. The series includes programs from the 1940s through the 1970s and opera programs from the mid-1940s. The majority of the series is theatrical programs which are grouped  by time period and program design. There are two subseries: 1940s-1950s playbills, 1960s-1970s playbills. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries IV: John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts\u003c/b\u003e includes theatre, opera, ballet, kabuki, and concert programs. About half of the series is theatre programs covering the 1960s and 1970s. Programs for the other genres are all from the 1970s. The series has two subseries: theatre playbills and ballet programs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries V: Theatre\u003c/b\u003e includes a broad variety of theatrical programs from around the world including programs from Israel, Italy, Poland, France, and the United States. It also includes newsletters, advertising and subscription materials, and souvenir programs. There are seven subseries: George Bernard Shaw playbills, Chicago theatre playbills, Broadway playbills (further divided by era), Arena Stage playbills, The Virginia Players playbills, The Washington Theater Club playbills, and Souvenir programs. The remaining playbills are organized by venue. Items in this series are from the 1900s through the 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries VI: Opera\u003c/b\u003e includes opera programs from the 1920s to the 1970s in English, French, and Italian. The programs are organized by opera company. Companies represented in the collection include: the English National Opera, Opera National de Belgique, the Dallas Civic Opera Company, The Oratorio Society of Charlottesville-Albemarle, the Virginia Opera Association, the Washington Grand Opera Association, and more.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries VII: Ballet and Dance\u003c/b\u003e includes ballet and dance programs from the 1930s to 1980 in English, French, Polish, and Russian. The programs are organized by dance company. Companies represented in the collection include: Alvin Ailey City Center Dance Theater, Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, Bat-Dor Dance Company of Israel, Charlottesville Civic Ballet Company, The Bolshoi Ballet, Fairfax Ballet Company, National Ballet of Canada, New York City Ballet, State Order of Lenin Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre, The National Ballet (United States of America), and more.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries VIII: Music\u003c/b\u003e includes concert programs for ensemble performances, individual performers, music festivals, and music variety shows. The programs are from the 1920s through the early 1980s. There are programs from the University of Virginia, Virginia Tech, the National Symphony Orchestra, the Civic Musical Association of Richmond, The Community Concert Association (Charlottesville, Virginia), and more. There are three subseries: University of Virginia programs, Virginia Tech Union programs, and Large musical ensemble programs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries IX: Motion Pictures and Television\u003c/b\u003e includes film materials from the 1920s through the 1970s with the majority of the items from the early days of film in the 1920s and 1930s. The series includes promotional handouts, film festival notes, motion picture brochures, catalogs, and programs, and a subseries of materials from the British Film Institute in the 1950s and 1960s. This series includes items in English, German, and Hungarian.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries X: Other Genres\u003c/b\u003e includes items about the entertainment industry in general, museum and library event programs, circus programs, cabaret programs, figure skating programs, and a dressage (horse dancing) program. Items in this series are from the 1930s through the 1970s and are in English, Russian, and French.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in ten series. For the most part, the series reflect the arrangement in which the collection was found in 2009. Please note: Many series overlap, i.e. there are theatre materials in series other than Series V.","Series I: Scrapbooks  includes scrapbooks on a variety of theatre topics from the 1900s through the 1970s including articles on burlesque, Allied Entertainment, the Kansas City Theatre, Gloria Swanson, Charles Dickens, George Bernard Shaw, William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, Ben Johnson, and the theatre industry in general. There are also scrapbooks containing theatrical programs from the 1920s to the 1970s.","Series II: Clippings  consists of numerous magazine and journal articles from 1839 through 1966 about the theatre and entertainment industries that have been clipped and individually bound. Source publications for the clippings include:  Popular Electricity ,  Munsey's Magazine ,  Atlantic Monthly ,  The Library Magazine ,  Harper's New Monthly Magazine ,  The Nineteenth Century , and more.","Series III: National Theatre (Washington, DC)  includes performing arts programs from the National Theatre in Washington, DC. The series includes programs from the 1940s through the 1970s and opera programs from the mid-1940s. The majority of the series is theatrical programs which are grouped  by time period and program design. There are two subseries: 1940s-1950s playbills, 1960s-1970s playbills. ","Series IV: John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts  includes theatre, opera, ballet, kabuki, and concert programs. About half of the series is theatre programs covering the 1960s and 1970s. Programs for the other genres are all from the 1970s. The series has two subseries: theatre playbills and ballet programs.","Series V: Theatre  includes a broad variety of theatrical programs from around the world including programs from Israel, Italy, Poland, France, and the United States. It also includes newsletters, advertising and subscription materials, and souvenir programs. There are seven subseries: George Bernard Shaw playbills, Chicago theatre playbills, Broadway playbills (further divided by era), Arena Stage playbills, The Virginia Players playbills, The Washington Theater Club playbills, and Souvenir programs. The remaining playbills are organized by venue. Items in this series are from the 1900s through the 1970s.","Series VI: Opera  includes opera programs from the 1920s to the 1970s in English, French, and Italian. The programs are organized by opera company. Companies represented in the collection include: the English National Opera, Opera National de Belgique, the Dallas Civic Opera Company, The Oratorio Society of Charlottesville-Albemarle, the Virginia Opera Association, the Washington Grand Opera Association, and more.","Series VII: Ballet and Dance  includes ballet and dance programs from the 1930s to 1980 in English, French, Polish, and Russian. The programs are organized by dance company. Companies represented in the collection include: Alvin Ailey City Center Dance Theater, Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, Bat-Dor Dance Company of Israel, Charlottesville Civic Ballet Company, The Bolshoi Ballet, Fairfax Ballet Company, National Ballet of Canada, New York City Ballet, State Order of Lenin Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre, The National Ballet (United States of America), and more.","Series VIII: Music  includes concert programs for ensemble performances, individual performers, music festivals, and music variety shows. The programs are from the 1920s through the early 1980s. There are programs from the University of Virginia, Virginia Tech, the National Symphony Orchestra, the Civic Musical Association of Richmond, The Community Concert Association (Charlottesville, Virginia), and more. There are three subseries: University of Virginia programs, Virginia Tech Union programs, and Large musical ensemble programs.","Series IX: Motion Pictures and Television  includes film materials from the 1920s through the 1970s with the majority of the items from the early days of film in the 1920s and 1930s. The series includes promotional handouts, film festival notes, motion picture brochures, catalogs, and programs, and a subseries of materials from the British Film Institute in the 1950s and 1960s. This series includes items in English, German, and Hungarian.","Series X: Other Genres  includes items about the entertainment industry in general, museum and library event programs, circus programs, cabaret programs, figure skating programs, and a dressage (horse dancing) program. Items in this series are from the 1930s through the 1970s and are in English, Russian, and French."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Hancock Barnes was born October 18, 1905 in Missouri and died on November 7, 1979 in Charlottesville, Virginia. He was married to Margaret Seymour. Barnes held both a Bachelor of Philosophy and a Master of Education. He was the head of the English department at Fluvanna County High School in Palmyra, Virginia from 1945 to 1949. He was an English teacher at Lane High School in Charlottesville, VA from 1949 until the school shut down under the Stanley Plan in September 1958 to protest the U.S. Supreme Court ruling regarding racial integration in \u003ci\u003eBrown v. Board of Education of Topeka\u003c/i\u003e. When the school reopened in February 1959, Barnes was the guidance director. He remained in that position until at least 1963. He passed away in 1979.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Hancock Barnes was born October 18, 1905 in Missouri and died on November 7, 1979 in Charlottesville, Virginia. He was married to Margaret Seymour. Barnes held both a Bachelor of Philosophy and a Master of Education. He was the head of the English department at Fluvanna County High School in Palmyra, Virginia from 1945 to 1949. He was an English teacher at Lane High School in Charlottesville, VA from 1949 until the school shut down under the Stanley Plan in September 1958 to protest the U.S. Supreme Court ruling regarding racial integration in  Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka . When the school reopened in February 1959, Barnes was the guidance director. He remained in that position until at least 1963. He passed away in 1979."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: John Barnes Performing Arts Collection, Ms2016-005, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: John Barnes Performing Arts Collection, Ms2016-005, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection commenced in January 2016 and was completed in May 2016.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection commenced in January 2016 and was completed in May 2016."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s. Many of the programs were paired with clippings of newspaper critics' reviews of the performances. The reviews have been digitized and are available upon request. See the Arrangement note for additional information on the  contents of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s. Many of the programs were paired with clippings of newspaper critics' reviews of the performances. The reviews have been digitized and are available upon request. See the Arrangement note for additional information on the  contents of the collection."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eThe following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection:\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAnna Bolena Italian-English Libretto, 1973\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eThe Bookman's Journal and Print Collector, Vol. V, no. 1-3, 1921?\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePlayer's Magazine, November 1924-May and June 1931, February-May 1959\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhilharmonic, July 1901\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSaint Joan feature book, 1957\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTiefland Libretto, 1908\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eA Witch of Salem Libretto, 1926\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection:","The following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection: Anna Bolena Italian-English Libretto, 1973 The Bookman's Journal and Print Collector, Vol. V, no. 1-3, 1921? Player's Magazine, November 1924-May and June 1931, February-May 1959 Philharmonic, July 1901 Saint Joan feature book, 1957 Tiefland Libretto, 1908 A Witch of Salem Libretto, 1926"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_68b34aec577b16124acbb1215f539ab7\"\u003eThe collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"language_ssim":["Materials in this collection are in English, French, German, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Polish,  and Russian."],"total_component_count_is":314,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:27:21.236Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c08"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c09","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c09#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c09","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c09"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c09","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection","Series II: Clippings"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection","Series II: Clippings"],"text":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection","Series II: Clippings","Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry","box 3","folder 9"],"title_filing_ssi":"Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry","title_ssm":["Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry"],"title_tesim":["Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1858, 1877-1915, 1920-1936"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1858/1936"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clippings: magazine and journal articles about the theatre industry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":30,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish material from the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"date_range_isim":[1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 9"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#8","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:27:21.236Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3018.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Barnes, John Performing Arts Collection,  1890s-1980s","title_ssm":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"title_tesim":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1890-1983","1940-1969"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1940-1969"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1890-1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2016.005"],"text":["Ms.2016.005","John Barnes Performing Arts Collection","Charlottesville (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Community theater","Theater programs","Concert programs","Collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in ten series. For the most part, the series reflect the arrangement in which the collection was found in 2009. Please note: Many series overlap, i.e. there are theatre materials in series other than Series V.","Series I: Scrapbooks  includes scrapbooks on a variety of theatre topics from the 1900s through the 1970s including articles on burlesque, Allied Entertainment, the Kansas City Theatre, Gloria Swanson, Charles Dickens, George Bernard Shaw, William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, Ben Johnson, and the theatre industry in general. There are also scrapbooks containing theatrical programs from the 1920s to the 1970s.","Series II: Clippings  consists of numerous magazine and journal articles from 1839 through 1966 about the theatre and entertainment industries that have been clipped and individually bound. Source publications for the clippings include:  Popular Electricity ,  Munsey's Magazine ,  Atlantic Monthly ,  The Library Magazine ,  Harper's New Monthly Magazine ,  The Nineteenth Century , and more.","Series III: National Theatre (Washington, DC)  includes performing arts programs from the National Theatre in Washington, DC. The series includes programs from the 1940s through the 1970s and opera programs from the mid-1940s. The majority of the series is theatrical programs which are grouped  by time period and program design. There are two subseries: 1940s-1950s playbills, 1960s-1970s playbills. ","Series IV: John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts  includes theatre, opera, ballet, kabuki, and concert programs. About half of the series is theatre programs covering the 1960s and 1970s. Programs for the other genres are all from the 1970s. The series has two subseries: theatre playbills and ballet programs.","Series V: Theatre  includes a broad variety of theatrical programs from around the world including programs from Israel, Italy, Poland, France, and the United States. It also includes newsletters, advertising and subscription materials, and souvenir programs. There are seven subseries: George Bernard Shaw playbills, Chicago theatre playbills, Broadway playbills (further divided by era), Arena Stage playbills, The Virginia Players playbills, The Washington Theater Club playbills, and Souvenir programs. The remaining playbills are organized by venue. Items in this series are from the 1900s through the 1970s.","Series VI: Opera  includes opera programs from the 1920s to the 1970s in English, French, and Italian. The programs are organized by opera company. Companies represented in the collection include: the English National Opera, Opera National de Belgique, the Dallas Civic Opera Company, The Oratorio Society of Charlottesville-Albemarle, the Virginia Opera Association, the Washington Grand Opera Association, and more.","Series VII: Ballet and Dance  includes ballet and dance programs from the 1930s to 1980 in English, French, Polish, and Russian. The programs are organized by dance company. Companies represented in the collection include: Alvin Ailey City Center Dance Theater, Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, Bat-Dor Dance Company of Israel, Charlottesville Civic Ballet Company, The Bolshoi Ballet, Fairfax Ballet Company, National Ballet of Canada, New York City Ballet, State Order of Lenin Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre, The National Ballet (United States of America), and more.","Series VIII: Music  includes concert programs for ensemble performances, individual performers, music festivals, and music variety shows. The programs are from the 1920s through the early 1980s. There are programs from the University of Virginia, Virginia Tech, the National Symphony Orchestra, the Civic Musical Association of Richmond, The Community Concert Association (Charlottesville, Virginia), and more. There are three subseries: University of Virginia programs, Virginia Tech Union programs, and Large musical ensemble programs.","Series IX: Motion Pictures and Television  includes film materials from the 1920s through the 1970s with the majority of the items from the early days of film in the 1920s and 1930s. The series includes promotional handouts, film festival notes, motion picture brochures, catalogs, and programs, and a subseries of materials from the British Film Institute in the 1950s and 1960s. This series includes items in English, German, and Hungarian.","Series X: Other Genres  includes items about the entertainment industry in general, museum and library event programs, circus programs, cabaret programs, figure skating programs, and a dressage (horse dancing) program. Items in this series are from the 1930s through the 1970s and are in English, Russian, and French.","John Hancock Barnes was born October 18, 1905 in Missouri and died on November 7, 1979 in Charlottesville, Virginia. He was married to Margaret Seymour. Barnes held both a Bachelor of Philosophy and a Master of Education. He was the head of the English department at Fluvanna County High School in Palmyra, Virginia from 1945 to 1949. He was an English teacher at Lane High School in Charlottesville, VA from 1949 until the school shut down under the Stanley Plan in September 1958 to protest the U.S. Supreme Court ruling regarding racial integration in  Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka . When the school reopened in February 1959, Barnes was the guidance director. He remained in that position until at least 1963. He passed away in 1979.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection commenced in January 2016 and was completed in May 2016.","The collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s. Many of the programs were paired with clippings of newspaper critics' reviews of the performances. The reviews have been digitized and are available upon request. See the Arrangement note for additional information on the  contents of the collection.","The following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection:","The following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection: Anna Bolena Italian-English Libretto, 1973 The Bookman's Journal and Print Collector, Vol. V, no. 1-3, 1921? Player's Magazine, November 1924-May and June 1931, February-May 1959 Philharmonic, July 1901 Saint Joan feature book, 1957 Tiefland Libretto, 1908 A Witch of Salem Libretto, 1926","Permission to publish material from the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979","Materials in this collection are in English, French, German, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Polish,  and Russian."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2016.005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"collection_ssim":["John Barnes Performing Arts Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Charlottesville (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"creator_ssim":["Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"creators_ssim":["Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"places_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The John Barnes Performing Arts Collection was given to Special Collections prior to 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Community theater","Theater programs","Concert programs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Community theater","Theater programs","Concert programs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["11.9 Cubic Feet 9 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["11.9 Cubic Feet 9 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Theater programs","Concert programs"],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in ten series. For the most part, the series reflect the arrangement in which the collection was found in 2009. Please note: Many series overlap, i.e. there are theatre materials in series other than Series V.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries I: Scrapbooks\u003c/b\u003e includes scrapbooks on a variety of theatre topics from the 1900s through the 1970s including articles on burlesque, Allied Entertainment, the Kansas City Theatre, Gloria Swanson, Charles Dickens, George Bernard Shaw, William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, Ben Johnson, and the theatre industry in general. There are also scrapbooks containing theatrical programs from the 1920s to the 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries II: Clippings\u003c/b\u003e consists of numerous magazine and journal articles from 1839 through 1966 about the theatre and entertainment industries that have been clipped and individually bound. Source publications for the clippings include: \u003ci\u003ePopular Electricity\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eMunsey's Magazine\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eAtlantic Monthly\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eThe Library Magazine\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eHarper's New Monthly Magazine\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eThe Nineteenth Century\u003c/i\u003e, and more.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries III: National Theatre (Washington, DC)\u003c/b\u003e includes performing arts programs from the National Theatre in Washington, DC. The series includes programs from the 1940s through the 1970s and opera programs from the mid-1940s. The majority of the series is theatrical programs which are grouped  by time period and program design. There are two subseries: 1940s-1950s playbills, 1960s-1970s playbills. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries IV: John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts\u003c/b\u003e includes theatre, opera, ballet, kabuki, and concert programs. About half of the series is theatre programs covering the 1960s and 1970s. Programs for the other genres are all from the 1970s. The series has two subseries: theatre playbills and ballet programs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries V: Theatre\u003c/b\u003e includes a broad variety of theatrical programs from around the world including programs from Israel, Italy, Poland, France, and the United States. It also includes newsletters, advertising and subscription materials, and souvenir programs. There are seven subseries: George Bernard Shaw playbills, Chicago theatre playbills, Broadway playbills (further divided by era), Arena Stage playbills, The Virginia Players playbills, The Washington Theater Club playbills, and Souvenir programs. The remaining playbills are organized by venue. Items in this series are from the 1900s through the 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries VI: Opera\u003c/b\u003e includes opera programs from the 1920s to the 1970s in English, French, and Italian. The programs are organized by opera company. Companies represented in the collection include: the English National Opera, Opera National de Belgique, the Dallas Civic Opera Company, The Oratorio Society of Charlottesville-Albemarle, the Virginia Opera Association, the Washington Grand Opera Association, and more.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries VII: Ballet and Dance\u003c/b\u003e includes ballet and dance programs from the 1930s to 1980 in English, French, Polish, and Russian. The programs are organized by dance company. Companies represented in the collection include: Alvin Ailey City Center Dance Theater, Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, Bat-Dor Dance Company of Israel, Charlottesville Civic Ballet Company, The Bolshoi Ballet, Fairfax Ballet Company, National Ballet of Canada, New York City Ballet, State Order of Lenin Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre, The National Ballet (United States of America), and more.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries VIII: Music\u003c/b\u003e includes concert programs for ensemble performances, individual performers, music festivals, and music variety shows. The programs are from the 1920s through the early 1980s. There are programs from the University of Virginia, Virginia Tech, the National Symphony Orchestra, the Civic Musical Association of Richmond, The Community Concert Association (Charlottesville, Virginia), and more. There are three subseries: University of Virginia programs, Virginia Tech Union programs, and Large musical ensemble programs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries IX: Motion Pictures and Television\u003c/b\u003e includes film materials from the 1920s through the 1970s with the majority of the items from the early days of film in the 1920s and 1930s. The series includes promotional handouts, film festival notes, motion picture brochures, catalogs, and programs, and a subseries of materials from the British Film Institute in the 1950s and 1960s. This series includes items in English, German, and Hungarian.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSeries X: Other Genres\u003c/b\u003e includes items about the entertainment industry in general, museum and library event programs, circus programs, cabaret programs, figure skating programs, and a dressage (horse dancing) program. Items in this series are from the 1930s through the 1970s and are in English, Russian, and French.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in ten series. For the most part, the series reflect the arrangement in which the collection was found in 2009. Please note: Many series overlap, i.e. there are theatre materials in series other than Series V.","Series I: Scrapbooks  includes scrapbooks on a variety of theatre topics from the 1900s through the 1970s including articles on burlesque, Allied Entertainment, the Kansas City Theatre, Gloria Swanson, Charles Dickens, George Bernard Shaw, William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, Ben Johnson, and the theatre industry in general. There are also scrapbooks containing theatrical programs from the 1920s to the 1970s.","Series II: Clippings  consists of numerous magazine and journal articles from 1839 through 1966 about the theatre and entertainment industries that have been clipped and individually bound. Source publications for the clippings include:  Popular Electricity ,  Munsey's Magazine ,  Atlantic Monthly ,  The Library Magazine ,  Harper's New Monthly Magazine ,  The Nineteenth Century , and more.","Series III: National Theatre (Washington, DC)  includes performing arts programs from the National Theatre in Washington, DC. The series includes programs from the 1940s through the 1970s and opera programs from the mid-1940s. The majority of the series is theatrical programs which are grouped  by time period and program design. There are two subseries: 1940s-1950s playbills, 1960s-1970s playbills. ","Series IV: John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts  includes theatre, opera, ballet, kabuki, and concert programs. About half of the series is theatre programs covering the 1960s and 1970s. Programs for the other genres are all from the 1970s. The series has two subseries: theatre playbills and ballet programs.","Series V: Theatre  includes a broad variety of theatrical programs from around the world including programs from Israel, Italy, Poland, France, and the United States. It also includes newsletters, advertising and subscription materials, and souvenir programs. There are seven subseries: George Bernard Shaw playbills, Chicago theatre playbills, Broadway playbills (further divided by era), Arena Stage playbills, The Virginia Players playbills, The Washington Theater Club playbills, and Souvenir programs. The remaining playbills are organized by venue. Items in this series are from the 1900s through the 1970s.","Series VI: Opera  includes opera programs from the 1920s to the 1970s in English, French, and Italian. The programs are organized by opera company. Companies represented in the collection include: the English National Opera, Opera National de Belgique, the Dallas Civic Opera Company, The Oratorio Society of Charlottesville-Albemarle, the Virginia Opera Association, the Washington Grand Opera Association, and more.","Series VII: Ballet and Dance  includes ballet and dance programs from the 1930s to 1980 in English, French, Polish, and Russian. The programs are organized by dance company. Companies represented in the collection include: Alvin Ailey City Center Dance Theater, Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, Bat-Dor Dance Company of Israel, Charlottesville Civic Ballet Company, The Bolshoi Ballet, Fairfax Ballet Company, National Ballet of Canada, New York City Ballet, State Order of Lenin Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre, The National Ballet (United States of America), and more.","Series VIII: Music  includes concert programs for ensemble performances, individual performers, music festivals, and music variety shows. The programs are from the 1920s through the early 1980s. There are programs from the University of Virginia, Virginia Tech, the National Symphony Orchestra, the Civic Musical Association of Richmond, The Community Concert Association (Charlottesville, Virginia), and more. There are three subseries: University of Virginia programs, Virginia Tech Union programs, and Large musical ensemble programs.","Series IX: Motion Pictures and Television  includes film materials from the 1920s through the 1970s with the majority of the items from the early days of film in the 1920s and 1930s. The series includes promotional handouts, film festival notes, motion picture brochures, catalogs, and programs, and a subseries of materials from the British Film Institute in the 1950s and 1960s. This series includes items in English, German, and Hungarian.","Series X: Other Genres  includes items about the entertainment industry in general, museum and library event programs, circus programs, cabaret programs, figure skating programs, and a dressage (horse dancing) program. Items in this series are from the 1930s through the 1970s and are in English, Russian, and French."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Hancock Barnes was born October 18, 1905 in Missouri and died on November 7, 1979 in Charlottesville, Virginia. He was married to Margaret Seymour. Barnes held both a Bachelor of Philosophy and a Master of Education. He was the head of the English department at Fluvanna County High School in Palmyra, Virginia from 1945 to 1949. He was an English teacher at Lane High School in Charlottesville, VA from 1949 until the school shut down under the Stanley Plan in September 1958 to protest the U.S. Supreme Court ruling regarding racial integration in \u003ci\u003eBrown v. Board of Education of Topeka\u003c/i\u003e. When the school reopened in February 1959, Barnes was the guidance director. He remained in that position until at least 1963. He passed away in 1979.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Hancock Barnes was born October 18, 1905 in Missouri and died on November 7, 1979 in Charlottesville, Virginia. He was married to Margaret Seymour. Barnes held both a Bachelor of Philosophy and a Master of Education. He was the head of the English department at Fluvanna County High School in Palmyra, Virginia from 1945 to 1949. He was an English teacher at Lane High School in Charlottesville, VA from 1949 until the school shut down under the Stanley Plan in September 1958 to protest the U.S. Supreme Court ruling regarding racial integration in  Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka . When the school reopened in February 1959, Barnes was the guidance director. He remained in that position until at least 1963. He passed away in 1979."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: John Barnes Performing Arts Collection, Ms2016-005, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: John Barnes Performing Arts Collection, Ms2016-005, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection commenced in January 2016 and was completed in May 2016.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection commenced in January 2016 and was completed in May 2016."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s. Many of the programs were paired with clippings of newspaper critics' reviews of the performances. The reviews have been digitized and are available upon request. See the Arrangement note for additional information on the  contents of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s. Many of the programs were paired with clippings of newspaper critics' reviews of the performances. The reviews have been digitized and are available upon request. See the Arrangement note for additional information on the  contents of the collection."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eThe following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection:\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAnna Bolena Italian-English Libretto, 1973\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eThe Bookman's Journal and Print Collector, Vol. V, no. 1-3, 1921?\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePlayer's Magazine, November 1924-May and June 1931, February-May 1959\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhilharmonic, July 1901\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSaint Joan feature book, 1957\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTiefland Libretto, 1908\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eA Witch of Salem Libretto, 1926\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection:","The following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection: Anna Bolena Italian-English Libretto, 1973 The Bookman's Journal and Print Collector, Vol. V, no. 1-3, 1921? Player's Magazine, November 1924-May and June 1931, February-May 1959 Philharmonic, July 1901 Saint Joan feature book, 1957 Tiefland Libretto, 1908 A Witch of Salem Libretto, 1926"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from the John Barnes Performing Arts Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_68b34aec577b16124acbb1215f539ab7\"\u003eThe collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes performing arts programs from around the world as well as scrapbooks and clippings about the theatre and movie industries. The programs cover a variety of genres including theatre, classical and popular music, opera, ballet, motion picture, and other genres such as horse ballet, ice skating, and circus. The programs come from numerous countries including the United Kingdom, Israel, Russia, Japan, and Poland with the majority being from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. The programs cover the late 1800s through the late 1900s with the majority of items from the 1940s through the 1960s."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Barnes, John H. (John Hancock), 1905-1979"],"language_ssim":["Materials in this collection are in English, French, German, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Polish,  and Russian."],"total_component_count_is":314,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:27:21.236Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3018_c02_c09"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361_c11_c11","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Cloyd Family","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361_c11_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361_c11_c11","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361_c11_c11"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361_c11_c11","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361_c11","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361_c11","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361_c11"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361_c11"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection","Series XI: Cloyd Family Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection","Series XI: Cloyd Family Papers"],"text":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection","Series XI: Cloyd Family Papers","Cloyd Family","box 10","folder 18"],"title_filing_ssi":"Cloyd Family","title_ssm":["Cloyd Family"],"title_tesim":["Cloyd Family"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1824-1862"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1824/1862"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cloyd Family"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":176,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862],"containers_ssim":["box 10","folder 18"],"_nest_path_":"/components#10/components#10","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:26:01.919Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2361.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection","title_ssm":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection"],"title_tesim":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1780-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1780-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2008.040"],"text":["Ms.2008.040","Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into series corresponding to the creators. Each series arranged by type of material and then placed in chronological order. ","Series I: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Sr. Papers, 1917-1962\t\t\t\t","Series II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, 1919-1970\t","Series III: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Jr. Papers, 1921-1967\t","Series IV: David Kent Bell Papers, 1925-1978\t","Series V: Bell Family Papers, 1834-1841\t","Series VI: James Withrow Papers, 1848-1910","Series VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers, 1864-1936","Series VIII: Annie Withrow Papers, 1889-1981","Series IX: Withrow Family Papers, 1870-1941","Series X: Kent Family Papers, 1814-1881","Series XI: Cloyd Family Papers, 1792-1866","Series XII: Other Family Papers, 1780-1998","Series XIII: Other Materials, 1901-1997","Gen. Gordon Cloyd was a descendant of David Cloyd. In 1764, Indians attacked the homestead of David Cloyd in Rockbridge County, Virginia. His wife, Margaret, was killed, as well as his son, John. Another son, Joseph Cloyd was away from the house at the time of the attack and was thus spared. David Cloyd passed away in 1792; Joseph Cloyd bought land and settled in Back Creek in present day Pulaski County in 1773. During the American Revolution, Joseph Cloyd served under Col. William Preston of Montgomery County. He is credited with saving Col. Preston's life when Preston was thrown from his horse during a skirmish at Wetzell's Mill in North Carolina. Following the war, Joseph Cloyd bought up more land in Pulaski County and built a brick house on Back Creek. ","Joseph Cloyd married Mary Gordon and together they had three sons, Gordon, David, and Thomas. Gordon and David married two sisters, Sallie and Elizabeth McGavock. The McGavock sisters were the daughters of James McGavock and Mary Cloyd, Joseph Cloyd's sister. James and Mary McGavock also had a third daughter, Margaret, who married Joseph Kent.","David Cloyd and Sallie McGavock had five children: Margaret, Joseph, Gordon, Cynthia, and James McGavock. James McGavock Cloyd married Frances E. McNutt on November 5, 1853, together they had on child, David, in January of 1855. Frances died on December 21, 1858. James then married Harriet J. Ernest on January 10, 1861. They had four children: Fanny Ernest, Lucy McGavock, Sally, and Harriet Gordon. James Cloyd lived at the homestead on Back Creek in Pulaski County that was originally settled by Col. Joseph Cloyd.","Gordon Cloyd commanded the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia during the War of 1812; he was later promoted to Major-General and thereafter was known as General Cloyd. He later served as a land surveyor for the Montgomery County area, and together with his brothers, purchased a tract of land along the New River know as Buchanan's Bottom. Gen. Gordon Cloyd and Elizabeth McGavock Cloyd together had six children, only two daughters, Mary and Elizabeth Cloyd survived. The two sisters married two brothers, James Randal and David Fenton Kent. David and James were the sons of Joseph Kent and Margaret McGavock Kent. Gordon Cloyd left the Buchanan's Bottom land to his daughter, Mary, and her husband, James Randal Kent. Elizabeth Kent and David Fenton Kent received the land at Back Creek and the house known as Springfield.","David Fenton Kent and Elizabeth Cloyd were married on January 2, 1834. Together they had seven children: Gordon Cloyd, born December 7, 1834, died November 11, 1837; an unnamed son, April 23, 1836 who lived eight days; Mary Elizabeth, born May 17, 1837, died December 14, 1837; James Randal, born August 15, 1838, died September 4, 1861; Sarah McGavock, born November 5, 1839, died March 9, 1891; Joseph Gordon, born March 22, 1841, died July 15, 1886; David Fenton, born May 17, 1844, died October 18, 1878. David F. Kent lived at the Springfield property and ran businesses with a Thomas Miller. He was reputed to have been an entertaining storyteller. David Fenton Kent died on January 28, 1850. Elizabeth Cloyd Kent outlived him by nineteen years, dying February 7, 1869.","James Randal Kent and Mary Cloyd Kent moved to Buchanan's Bottom and lived at first in the old Trigg house. Later, they built Kentland mansion, which stands to this day. Together James and Mary had five daughters, Elizabeth Cloyd, born 1819, Sarah James, born 1822, Mary Louisa, born 1824, Cynthia, born 1827, and Margaret Gordon, born 1840. James Randal Kent was an enslaver, prominent landowner, and successful farmer. He also held several minor public offices including Sheriff of Montgomery County from 1822 to 1823, he also served as a Justice and a land surveyor. Throughout the 1830s and 1840s, James Randal Kent bought up land, he owned around 8000 acres in 1860. In 1855, construction began on a resort at Montgomery White Sulphur Springs, a hotel that later served as a hospital during the American Civil War. In 1860, James Randal Kent became a founder of the Preston and Olin Institute, a Methodist school in Blacksburg that was the predecessor to present day Virginia Tech. He was among the wealthiest men in Montgomery County with an estimated wealth of $196,000. Kent was a staunch supporter of the Confederacy, he enslaved more than 100 people at the start of the war. He served as an organizer for the Confederate Army, as well as a supplier of foodstuffs, providing grain and beef to the Confederate Army all the way up to the day Lee surrendered at Appomattox. Though Kentland survived the war, many barns and out-buildings were burned, including the plantation office with the majority of James Kent's personal papers, and in 1867 his land was valued at 41% less than it had been in 1860. James Randal Kent died on May 29, 1867. ","Sarah James Kent, daughter of James Randal Kent, married Francis Bell, a cattle buyer from Staunton, in 1855. Together Sarah and Francis had four surviving children: twin sons, James Randal Kent Bell and Samuel Hays Bell in 1858, a daughter, Mary Louisa Bell in 1861, and Francis \"Frank\" Bell in 1864. They built a home on the land in Pulaski given to Sarah by her father. They lived at Mountain Home until the mid-1870s, when in 1872 Francis Bell purchased land from the Darsts and the Cloyds, their new home, Rockwood, was built c. 1876.","The four Bell children were well educated and all attended college for some period of time. Public schools were non-existent at this time, so a governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick taught them while they lived at Mountain Home. James Randal Kent and Samuel Hays Bell both attended Washington College in Lexington from 1875 to 1877. Mary Louisa Bell went to Mary Baldwin College in Staunton. Frank Bell attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute before transferring to the Virginia Military Institute and graduating with the class of 1885.","Sarah James Kent Bell died in April of 1884; Francis Bell followed her nine years later in 1893. In their will, all their land and properties were to be divided by the four children as they saw fit. James Randal Kent Bell received the Mountain Home properties, Samuel inherited the land in Augusta County, and Rockwood was split between Frank Bell and Mary Louisa Bell.","James Randal Kent Bell married three times. His first wife was Maria L. Sedgwick, the daughter of their governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick, Maria died shortly after the birth of their daughter, Mary Peck Bell. His second wife was Lida Howell Whitsett, Lida died in January of 1902. Together they had five children, Amelia Louise, Elizabeth Kent, Sarah Frances, James, and Francis Joseph. The name of James R. K. Bell's third wife is unknown. All of his children were born at Mountain Home and grew up there.","Samuel Hays Bell married Bessie Arbuthnot on May 18, 1893. Together they had four daughters, Sarah James, Elizabeth, Mary Lou, and Margaret. They lived in Staunton on the land inherited from Francis Bell. Samuel Bell died in Staunton on June 26, 1903.","Mary Louisa Bell married Dr. Kent Black at Rockwood November 14, 1894. Dr. Black graduated from the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in 1875, he worked as physician and surgeon at the school until 1890. Dr. Black died in 1909, following his death Mary Louisa Bell Black moved back to Pulaski to live with her family, she died at Rockwood December 12, 1943.","Frank Bell married Ellen Gordan Kent, the granddaughter of David Fenton Kent, in 1889. They had eight children: Sarah Kent Bell born September 28, 1890, Gordon Cloyd Bell born January 16, 1892, Ellen Howe Bell born February 12, 1893, Francis Bell born August 16, 1894, Mary Lou Bell born July 1, 1896, Elizabeth Cloyd Bell born September 7, 1897, Samuel Hays Bell born May 16, 1901, and Agnes McGavock Bell born September 1, 1905. Frank Bell worked in the cattle business just like his father and grandfather, he was an accomplished business man and over the years he bought up the rest of the Rockwood property from his sister, Mary Louisa Bell Black. He died at Rockwood on December 21, 1939, just a few months after the celebration of his fiftieth wedding anniversary.","Frank Bell's son, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow on November 16, 1918. They had four sons, Edgar Withrow Bell, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr., David Kent Bell, and Andrew Mathews Bell. Gordon Bell Sr. was a farmer and overseer of farm lands, he also served as the President of the Bank of Dublin. Mary Withrow Bell died September 30, 1938. Gordon Cloyd Sr. then married Lucy Preston King in October of 1942, they lived for a time in Phoenix, Arizona where Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. died in 1965.","Edgar Withrow Bell, the eldest son of Gordon Cloyd and Mary Withrow Bell was born on October 27, 1919. He grew up in Dublin and attended Lees-McCrea College in North Carolina. He wrote articles about music trends and opened \"The Record Bar\" at Wysor Electric Appliance Co. in Dublin. He also served as a postal worker in Arlington where he died in November of 1971.","Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. was born in Dublin on May 13, 1921. He was a farmer and overseer of the Withrow and Bell lands in Pulaski County, VA. He also served on the board of the Bank of Dublin. He attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and Furman College before entering the armed services in January of 1943 and served with the Black Panther Division during World War II. Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound in September of 1967.","David Kent Bell was born in Dublin on April 5, 1925. David attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and graduated with the Class of 1949. He also served in the armed services during World War II. He married Beverly Ann Gould from Baltimore, together they had two children: Sheri Lynn Bell born April 30, 1957 and James Gordon Bell born March 3, 1959. David Kent and Beverly Gould divorced and he married Helga Lewandowski. David Kent Bell died January 26, 2003.","Andrew Mathews Bell was born in Dublin on July 14, 1932. He died October 26, 1948.","Ellen Howe Bell was born February 12, 1893. She attended Mary Baldwin College. Ellen married Orrin Rankin Magill on September 30, 1915. Through the National YMCA, they moved to China where they lived for many years. Upon retiring, they moved to Blacksburg where they often entertained Chinese students attending Virginia Tech. Ellen Howe Bell Magill was elected the 1962 Mother of the Year in Blacksburg. She died January 19, 1968.","In 1918, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow. She was the granddaughter of James W. Withrow of Greenbrier County. James Withrow was born in Lewisburg, in what is now West Virginia, on October 23, 1818. Though not a licensed attorney he served as a judge and for many years, the Master Commissioner of the Circuit Court. He also represented the county in the state legislature where he served on the Judiciary Committee. He married Mary Jane Kincaid and had two sons, Edgar Daingerfield Withrow and Heber K. Withrow, and three daughters, Mrs. Helen Feamster, Miss Mary J. Withrow, and Mrs. Lucy Withrow Montgomery. James Withrow died June 26, 1901.","Edgar Daingerfield Withrow was born December 9, 1845. He married Mary See Renick on November 3, 1886. Edgar served in the Civil War as a member of Confederate company E of the 14th Virginia Cavalry. Edgar was captured at Berryville in 1864 and spent the end of the war at Camp Chare in Ohio. Following the War, Edgar went into business with his father, and later ran his own business selling agricultural implements. Together with Mary Renick, he had six daughters and one son: Mary Mathews Withrow, born September 16, 1887, died October 3, 1892; Annie Primrose Withrow, born January 26, 1889, died June 16, 1982; Mary Eliza Withrow, born November 29, 1892, died September 29, 1938; Helen Cameron Withrow, born January 9, 1895, died July 25, 1903; Letitia Renick Withrow, born July 1, 1897, died December 24, 1922; Geraldine Withrow, born August 1, 1901, died July 8, 1902; Edgar D. Withrow Jr., born July 8, 1903, died October 2, 1913. The Withrows moved to Pulaski County sometime around 1910. Edgar Withrow died March 9, 1926 and Mary Renick Withrow died January 7, 1929. ","Annie P. Withrow never married. She was very close with her nephews, Edgar, Gordon, David and Andrew Bell, and much of their correspondence was written to her. She attended the Lewisburg Female Institute beginning in 1907. Annie Withrow died in June of 1982.","Letitia R. Withrow was born July 1, 1897. She moved with her family to Dublin and graduated from Dublin High School. She then attended Stonewall Jackson College in Abingdon until the school burned in 1914. She then entered Hollins College in Roanoke, VA, following graduation she became a special student of voice under Professor A. Y. Cornell of New York for two years. In 1919, she took a job as Assistant Voice Teacher at Greenville Women's College in Greenville, South Carolina. She taught there for two years, and one year at Annville College in Annville, Pennsylvania. She left Annville College to return to New York in order to resume her training with Professor Cornell in preparation for a singing career. Shortly thereafter she returned home, where she died from influenza on December 24, 1922.","The guide to the the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection began in June 2008 and was completed in October 2008.","A listing of individuals and families in the Biographical Vertical Files at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is available online,  but files of particular interest may include:","Bentley family (related to the Cloyd, Kent, and McGavock families)--this file contains a 2014 update to: Robert Gray's  The McGavock Family. A Genealogical History of James McGavock and His Descendants from 1760 to 1903 . Richmond: W.E. Jones, 1903. CS 71 .M144 1903 (copies in Special Collections and University Archives and Newman Library).  The 2014 update is also available online. Kent","See the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003","James Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031","Elizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045","\"Whitethorne Photographs of Kentland for Margaret K. Cowan\" Photograph Album, Ms2021-020","Francis Bell Letter, Ms2024-088","The Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection spans the dates 1780 to 1998. The collection contains the papers and business records of four prominent families from Montgomery County and Pulaski County, Virginia and Greenbrier County, West Virginia. Also included are documents relating to numerous other individuals and families from across Southwest Virginia and Southern West Virginia. Documents include correspondence, land deeds and warrants, as well as financial records including debt statements, receipts, account statements, and money orders. The collection is divided into thirteen major series: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers, Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers, David Kent Bell Papers, Bell Family Papers, James Withrow Papers, Edgar D. Withrow Papers, Annie P. Withrow Papers, Withrow Family Papers, Kent Family Papers, Cloyd Family Papers, Other Family Papers, and Other Materials. ","Series I: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers: This series spans the years 1917 to 1962 and includes personal correspondence to and from Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. as well as business correspondence and materials from Bell's time as the President of the Bank of Dublin in Dublin, VA. The series also contains bank statements from 1940 to 1941.","Series II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers: This series contains materials dating from 1919 to 1970, including a birth certificate for Edgar W. Bell. The papers are mainly personal in nature. There is extensive correspondence, dating from 1934 to 1970 as well as a scrapbook and some newspaper clippings. There is a limited amount of Edgar Bell's financial records including bank statements dating from 1942 to 1945.","Series III: Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers: these papers date from 1921 to 1967. These papers include a birth certificate and academic records, as well as, land deeds, tax documents, and financial records. Also included are materials from Gordon Bell Jr.'s time in the military including correspondence from the time of his service in World War II. World War II materials also include a \"Save Conduct Leaflet.\" These leaflets were air dropped in Western Europe by Allied forces in order to aid in the surrender of German Soldiers, the leaflet in this collection was most likely the version distributed from December 1944 through April 1945, it contains both English and German text.","Series IV: David Kent Bell Papers: These papers date from 1925 to 1978. They range in scope from David Bell's birth certificate and education records to financial records and insurance documents. Also included is correspondence, some of which dates from David Bell's service in World War II. Also from this period are military documents dating from 1943 to 1948.","Series V: Bell Family Papers: This series is composed for documents from various members of the Bell family including James Bell, Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, Francis Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. These items range in date from 1834 to 1967. They include financial records for James Bell, along with correspondence from Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. This series also contains information regarding the settlement of the estates of both Francis Bell and Mary Withrow Bell.","Series VI: James Withrow Papers: This series contains material ranging in date from 1848 to 1910. The bulk of the material in this series is financial records for James Withrow's business in agriculture, including contracts, correspondence, checks, receipts, money orders, debt statements, and account statements. Also present are documents relating to the settlement of James Withrow's estate.","Series VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers: This series spans the dates 1864 through 1936. Included in this series are personal items including correspondence from Edgar Withrow's time as a Confederate Prisoner of War. Also included are records from the Greenbrier Light Infantry Grays of which Edgar Withrow was a member. The majority of this series is composed of financial records and business records from Edgar Withrow's business as an agricultural implements salesman.","Series VIII: Annie Primrose Withrow Papers: These papers consist of personal correspondence and items dating from 1889 to 1981, including land deeds and other legal documents as well as a 1908 \"Greenbrier\" yearbook from the Lewisburg Female Institute.","Series IX: The Withrow Family Papers: This series spans from 1870 to 1941, it contains materials from members of the Withrow family including business records from various businesses run by James Withrow and his son, Edgar, in addition to this are papers from Heber K. Withrow, Mary Renick Withrow, Helen Withrow, Mary E. Withrow, Mary J. Withrow, Letitia Withrow, and papers from Withrow Place as well as the Withrow Tourist Home.","Series X: The Kent Family Papers: This series includes materials dating from 1814 to 1881. The series includes the correspondence and financial records of two prominent Southwest Virginia landowners, James Randal Kent and David Fenton Kent.","Series XI: The Cloyd Family Papers: The Cloyd family papers include correspondence and financial records for Gordon, Mary, and James Cloyd. Also included are several land surveys done by Gordon Cloyd, a land surveyor for Southwest Virginia. These materials date from 1792 to 1866.","Series XII: Other Family Papers: This series is composed of land warrants and deeds, financial records, and personal correspondence from numerous individuals and families from Southwest Virginia and what is now, Southern West Virginia. These materials range in date from 1780 to 1998 and are dived into two categories, those materials sorted by individual or family and items organized by category.","Series XIII: Other Materials: This series is composed of magazines, booklets, brochures, and photographs that could not be identified as belonging to any one person or family. The series spans the dates 1901 through 1997.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection contains the personal papers and financial records of members of four prominent families. Included are members of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, and Withrow families, as well as, materials from related families and acquaintances. This is a diverse collection containing materials dating from 1780 to 1998. Items of interest include several Land Deeds and Warrant from the late 18th Century, including one signed by Benjamin Harrison, then Governor of Virginia; American Civil War correspondence from Confederate POW, Edgar Withrow; Regimental listings from the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia; and correspondence and military documents dating from World War II. The main collection contains materials from Gen. Gordon Cloyd, James Randal Kent, David Fenton Kent, Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr., David Kent Bell, James and Edgar Withrow, and many others.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2008.040"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"creator_ssim":["Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"creators_ssim":["Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection was donated by James Gordon Bell to Special Collections in 2008: \"In memory of my grandfather, Gordon Cloyd Bell, who collected items of historical interest, and my father, David Kent Bell, who treasured them, my wish is that these items be used to preserve our history.\""],"access_subjects_ssim":["Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.5 Cubic Feet 18 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["9.5 Cubic Feet 18 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into series corresponding to the creators. Each series arranged by type of material and then placed in chronological order. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Sr. Papers, 1917-1962\t\t\t\t\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, 1919-1970\t\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Jr. Papers, 1921-1967\t\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: David Kent Bell Papers, 1925-1978\t\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: Bell Family Papers, 1834-1841\t\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: James Withrow Papers, 1848-1910\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers, 1864-1936\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII: Annie Withrow Papers, 1889-1981\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX: Withrow Family Papers, 1870-1941\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries X: Kent Family Papers, 1814-1881\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI: Cloyd Family Papers, 1792-1866\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries XII: Other Family Papers, 1780-1998\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries XIII: Other Materials, 1901-1997\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into series corresponding to the creators. Each series arranged by type of material and then placed in chronological order. ","Series I: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Sr. Papers, 1917-1962\t\t\t\t","Series II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, 1919-1970\t","Series III: Gordon Cloyd Bell, Jr. Papers, 1921-1967\t","Series IV: David Kent Bell Papers, 1925-1978\t","Series V: Bell Family Papers, 1834-1841\t","Series VI: James Withrow Papers, 1848-1910","Series VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers, 1864-1936","Series VIII: Annie Withrow Papers, 1889-1981","Series IX: Withrow Family Papers, 1870-1941","Series X: Kent Family Papers, 1814-1881","Series XI: Cloyd Family Papers, 1792-1866","Series XII: Other Family Papers, 1780-1998","Series XIII: Other Materials, 1901-1997"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGen. Gordon Cloyd was a descendant of David Cloyd. In 1764, Indians attacked the homestead of David Cloyd in Rockbridge County, Virginia. His wife, Margaret, was killed, as well as his son, John. Another son, Joseph Cloyd was away from the house at the time of the attack and was thus spared. David Cloyd passed away in 1792; Joseph Cloyd bought land and settled in Back Creek in present day Pulaski County in 1773. During the American Revolution, Joseph Cloyd served under Col. William Preston of Montgomery County. He is credited with saving Col. Preston's life when Preston was thrown from his horse during a skirmish at Wetzell's Mill in North Carolina. Following the war, Joseph Cloyd bought up more land in Pulaski County and built a brick house on Back Creek. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJoseph Cloyd married Mary Gordon and together they had three sons, Gordon, David, and Thomas. Gordon and David married two sisters, Sallie and Elizabeth McGavock. The McGavock sisters were the daughters of James McGavock and Mary Cloyd, Joseph Cloyd's sister. James and Mary McGavock also had a third daughter, Margaret, who married Joseph Kent.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDavid Cloyd and Sallie McGavock had five children: Margaret, Joseph, Gordon, Cynthia, and James McGavock. James McGavock Cloyd married Frances E. McNutt on November 5, 1853, together they had on child, David, in January of 1855. Frances died on December 21, 1858. James then married Harriet J. Ernest on January 10, 1861. They had four children: Fanny Ernest, Lucy McGavock, Sally, and Harriet Gordon. James Cloyd lived at the homestead on Back Creek in Pulaski County that was originally settled by Col. Joseph Cloyd.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGordon Cloyd commanded the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia during the War of 1812; he was later promoted to Major-General and thereafter was known as General Cloyd. He later served as a land surveyor for the Montgomery County area, and together with his brothers, purchased a tract of land along the New River know as Buchanan's Bottom. Gen. Gordon Cloyd and Elizabeth McGavock Cloyd together had six children, only two daughters, Mary and Elizabeth Cloyd survived. The two sisters married two brothers, James Randal and David Fenton Kent. David and James were the sons of Joseph Kent and Margaret McGavock Kent. Gordon Cloyd left the Buchanan's Bottom land to his daughter, Mary, and her husband, James Randal Kent. Elizabeth Kent and David Fenton Kent received the land at Back Creek and the house known as Springfield.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDavid Fenton Kent and Elizabeth Cloyd were married on January 2, 1834. Together they had seven children: Gordon Cloyd, born December 7, 1834, died November 11, 1837; an unnamed son, April 23, 1836 who lived eight days; Mary Elizabeth, born May 17, 1837, died December 14, 1837; James Randal, born August 15, 1838, died September 4, 1861; Sarah McGavock, born November 5, 1839, died March 9, 1891; Joseph Gordon, born March 22, 1841, died July 15, 1886; David Fenton, born May 17, 1844, died October 18, 1878. David F. Kent lived at the Springfield property and ran businesses with a Thomas Miller. He was reputed to have been an entertaining storyteller. David Fenton Kent died on January 28, 1850. Elizabeth Cloyd Kent outlived him by nineteen years, dying February 7, 1869.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJames Randal Kent and Mary Cloyd Kent moved to Buchanan's Bottom and lived at first in the old Trigg house. Later, they built Kentland mansion, which stands to this day. Together James and Mary had five daughters, Elizabeth Cloyd, born 1819, Sarah James, born 1822, Mary Louisa, born 1824, Cynthia, born 1827, and Margaret Gordon, born 1840. James Randal Kent was an enslaver, prominent landowner, and successful farmer. He also held several minor public offices including Sheriff of Montgomery County from 1822 to 1823, he also served as a Justice and a land surveyor. Throughout the 1830s and 1840s, James Randal Kent bought up land, he owned around 8000 acres in 1860. In 1855, construction began on a resort at Montgomery White Sulphur Springs, a hotel that later served as a hospital during the American Civil War. In 1860, James Randal Kent became a founder of the Preston and Olin Institute, a Methodist school in Blacksburg that was the predecessor to present day Virginia Tech. He was among the wealthiest men in Montgomery County with an estimated wealth of $196,000. Kent was a staunch supporter of the Confederacy, he enslaved more than 100 people at the start of the war. He served as an organizer for the Confederate Army, as well as a supplier of foodstuffs, providing grain and beef to the Confederate Army all the way up to the day Lee surrendered at Appomattox. Though Kentland survived the war, many barns and out-buildings were burned, including the plantation office with the majority of James Kent's personal papers, and in 1867 his land was valued at 41% less than it had been in 1860. James Randal Kent died on May 29, 1867. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSarah James Kent, daughter of James Randal Kent, married Francis Bell, a cattle buyer from Staunton, in 1855. Together Sarah and Francis had four surviving children: twin sons, James Randal Kent Bell and Samuel Hays Bell in 1858, a daughter, Mary Louisa Bell in 1861, and Francis \"Frank\" Bell in 1864. They built a home on the land in Pulaski given to Sarah by her father. They lived at Mountain Home until the mid-1870s, when in 1872 Francis Bell purchased land from the Darsts and the Cloyds, their new home, Rockwood, was built c. 1876.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe four Bell children were well educated and all attended college for some period of time. Public schools were non-existent at this time, so a governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick taught them while they lived at Mountain Home. James Randal Kent and Samuel Hays Bell both attended Washington College in Lexington from 1875 to 1877. Mary Louisa Bell went to Mary Baldwin College in Staunton. Frank Bell attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute before transferring to the Virginia Military Institute and graduating with the class of 1885.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSarah James Kent Bell died in April of 1884; Francis Bell followed her nine years later in 1893. In their will, all their land and properties were to be divided by the four children as they saw fit. James Randal Kent Bell received the Mountain Home properties, Samuel inherited the land in Augusta County, and Rockwood was split between Frank Bell and Mary Louisa Bell.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJames Randal Kent Bell married three times. His first wife was Maria L. Sedgwick, the daughter of their governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick, Maria died shortly after the birth of their daughter, Mary Peck Bell. His second wife was Lida Howell Whitsett, Lida died in January of 1902. Together they had five children, Amelia Louise, Elizabeth Kent, Sarah Frances, James, and Francis Joseph. The name of James R. K. Bell's third wife is unknown. All of his children were born at Mountain Home and grew up there.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSamuel Hays Bell married Bessie Arbuthnot on May 18, 1893. Together they had four daughters, Sarah James, Elizabeth, Mary Lou, and Margaret. They lived in Staunton on the land inherited from Francis Bell. Samuel Bell died in Staunton on June 26, 1903.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Louisa Bell married Dr. Kent Black at Rockwood November 14, 1894. Dr. Black graduated from the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in 1875, he worked as physician and surgeon at the school until 1890. Dr. Black died in 1909, following his death Mary Louisa Bell Black moved back to Pulaski to live with her family, she died at Rockwood December 12, 1943.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrank Bell married Ellen Gordan Kent, the granddaughter of David Fenton Kent, in 1889. They had eight children: Sarah Kent Bell born September 28, 1890, Gordon Cloyd Bell born January 16, 1892, Ellen Howe Bell born February 12, 1893, Francis Bell born August 16, 1894, Mary Lou Bell born July 1, 1896, Elizabeth Cloyd Bell born September 7, 1897, Samuel Hays Bell born May 16, 1901, and Agnes McGavock Bell born September 1, 1905. Frank Bell worked in the cattle business just like his father and grandfather, he was an accomplished business man and over the years he bought up the rest of the Rockwood property from his sister, Mary Louisa Bell Black. He died at Rockwood on December 21, 1939, just a few months after the celebration of his fiftieth wedding anniversary.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrank Bell's son, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow on November 16, 1918. They had four sons, Edgar Withrow Bell, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr., David Kent Bell, and Andrew Mathews Bell. Gordon Bell Sr. was a farmer and overseer of farm lands, he also served as the President of the Bank of Dublin. Mary Withrow Bell died September 30, 1938. Gordon Cloyd Sr. then married Lucy Preston King in October of 1942, they lived for a time in Phoenix, Arizona where Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. died in 1965.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEdgar Withrow Bell, the eldest son of Gordon Cloyd and Mary Withrow Bell was born on October 27, 1919. He grew up in Dublin and attended Lees-McCrea College in North Carolina. He wrote articles about music trends and opened \"The Record Bar\" at Wysor Electric Appliance Co. in Dublin. He also served as a postal worker in Arlington where he died in November of 1971.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGordon Cloyd Bell Jr. was born in Dublin on May 13, 1921. He was a farmer and overseer of the Withrow and Bell lands in Pulaski County, VA. He also served on the board of the Bank of Dublin. He attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and Furman College before entering the armed services in January of 1943 and served with the Black Panther Division during World War II. Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound in September of 1967.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDavid Kent Bell was born in Dublin on April 5, 1925. David attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and graduated with the Class of 1949. He also served in the armed services during World War II. He married Beverly Ann Gould from Baltimore, together they had two children: Sheri Lynn Bell born April 30, 1957 and James Gordon Bell born March 3, 1959. David Kent and Beverly Gould divorced and he married Helga Lewandowski. David Kent Bell died January 26, 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAndrew Mathews Bell was born in Dublin on July 14, 1932. He died October 26, 1948.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEllen Howe Bell was born February 12, 1893. She attended Mary Baldwin College. Ellen married Orrin Rankin Magill on September 30, 1915. Through the National YMCA, they moved to China where they lived for many years. Upon retiring, they moved to Blacksburg where they often entertained Chinese students attending Virginia Tech. Ellen Howe Bell Magill was elected the 1962 Mother of the Year in Blacksburg. She died January 19, 1968.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1918, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow. She was the granddaughter of James W. Withrow of Greenbrier County. James Withrow was born in Lewisburg, in what is now West Virginia, on October 23, 1818. Though not a licensed attorney he served as a judge and for many years, the Master Commissioner of the Circuit Court. He also represented the county in the state legislature where he served on the Judiciary Committee. He married Mary Jane Kincaid and had two sons, Edgar Daingerfield Withrow and Heber K. Withrow, and three daughters, Mrs. Helen Feamster, Miss Mary J. Withrow, and Mrs. Lucy Withrow Montgomery. James Withrow died June 26, 1901.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEdgar Daingerfield Withrow was born December 9, 1845. He married Mary See Renick on November 3, 1886. Edgar served in the Civil War as a member of Confederate company E of the 14th Virginia Cavalry. Edgar was captured at Berryville in 1864 and spent the end of the war at Camp Chare in Ohio. Following the War, Edgar went into business with his father, and later ran his own business selling agricultural implements. Together with Mary Renick, he had six daughters and one son: Mary Mathews Withrow, born September 16, 1887, died October 3, 1892; Annie Primrose Withrow, born January 26, 1889, died June 16, 1982; Mary Eliza Withrow, born November 29, 1892, died September 29, 1938; Helen Cameron Withrow, born January 9, 1895, died July 25, 1903; Letitia Renick Withrow, born July 1, 1897, died December 24, 1922; Geraldine Withrow, born August 1, 1901, died July 8, 1902; Edgar D. Withrow Jr., born July 8, 1903, died October 2, 1913. The Withrows moved to Pulaski County sometime around 1910. Edgar Withrow died March 9, 1926 and Mary Renick Withrow died January 7, 1929. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnnie P. Withrow never married. She was very close with her nephews, Edgar, Gordon, David and Andrew Bell, and much of their correspondence was written to her. She attended the Lewisburg Female Institute beginning in 1907. Annie Withrow died in June of 1982.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLetitia R. Withrow was born July 1, 1897. She moved with her family to Dublin and graduated from Dublin High School. She then attended Stonewall Jackson College in Abingdon until the school burned in 1914. She then entered Hollins College in Roanoke, VA, following graduation she became a special student of voice under Professor A. Y. Cornell of New York for two years. In 1919, she took a job as Assistant Voice Teacher at Greenville Women's College in Greenville, South Carolina. She taught there for two years, and one year at Annville College in Annville, Pennsylvania. She left Annville College to return to New York in order to resume her training with Professor Cornell in preparation for a singing career. Shortly thereafter she returned home, where she died from influenza on December 24, 1922.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Family History"],"bioghist_tesim":["Gen. Gordon Cloyd was a descendant of David Cloyd. In 1764, Indians attacked the homestead of David Cloyd in Rockbridge County, Virginia. His wife, Margaret, was killed, as well as his son, John. Another son, Joseph Cloyd was away from the house at the time of the attack and was thus spared. David Cloyd passed away in 1792; Joseph Cloyd bought land and settled in Back Creek in present day Pulaski County in 1773. During the American Revolution, Joseph Cloyd served under Col. William Preston of Montgomery County. He is credited with saving Col. Preston's life when Preston was thrown from his horse during a skirmish at Wetzell's Mill in North Carolina. Following the war, Joseph Cloyd bought up more land in Pulaski County and built a brick house on Back Creek. ","Joseph Cloyd married Mary Gordon and together they had three sons, Gordon, David, and Thomas. Gordon and David married two sisters, Sallie and Elizabeth McGavock. The McGavock sisters were the daughters of James McGavock and Mary Cloyd, Joseph Cloyd's sister. James and Mary McGavock also had a third daughter, Margaret, who married Joseph Kent.","David Cloyd and Sallie McGavock had five children: Margaret, Joseph, Gordon, Cynthia, and James McGavock. James McGavock Cloyd married Frances E. McNutt on November 5, 1853, together they had on child, David, in January of 1855. Frances died on December 21, 1858. James then married Harriet J. Ernest on January 10, 1861. They had four children: Fanny Ernest, Lucy McGavock, Sally, and Harriet Gordon. James Cloyd lived at the homestead on Back Creek in Pulaski County that was originally settled by Col. Joseph Cloyd.","Gordon Cloyd commanded the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia during the War of 1812; he was later promoted to Major-General and thereafter was known as General Cloyd. He later served as a land surveyor for the Montgomery County area, and together with his brothers, purchased a tract of land along the New River know as Buchanan's Bottom. Gen. Gordon Cloyd and Elizabeth McGavock Cloyd together had six children, only two daughters, Mary and Elizabeth Cloyd survived. The two sisters married two brothers, James Randal and David Fenton Kent. David and James were the sons of Joseph Kent and Margaret McGavock Kent. Gordon Cloyd left the Buchanan's Bottom land to his daughter, Mary, and her husband, James Randal Kent. Elizabeth Kent and David Fenton Kent received the land at Back Creek and the house known as Springfield.","David Fenton Kent and Elizabeth Cloyd were married on January 2, 1834. Together they had seven children: Gordon Cloyd, born December 7, 1834, died November 11, 1837; an unnamed son, April 23, 1836 who lived eight days; Mary Elizabeth, born May 17, 1837, died December 14, 1837; James Randal, born August 15, 1838, died September 4, 1861; Sarah McGavock, born November 5, 1839, died March 9, 1891; Joseph Gordon, born March 22, 1841, died July 15, 1886; David Fenton, born May 17, 1844, died October 18, 1878. David F. Kent lived at the Springfield property and ran businesses with a Thomas Miller. He was reputed to have been an entertaining storyteller. David Fenton Kent died on January 28, 1850. Elizabeth Cloyd Kent outlived him by nineteen years, dying February 7, 1869.","James Randal Kent and Mary Cloyd Kent moved to Buchanan's Bottom and lived at first in the old Trigg house. Later, they built Kentland mansion, which stands to this day. Together James and Mary had five daughters, Elizabeth Cloyd, born 1819, Sarah James, born 1822, Mary Louisa, born 1824, Cynthia, born 1827, and Margaret Gordon, born 1840. James Randal Kent was an enslaver, prominent landowner, and successful farmer. He also held several minor public offices including Sheriff of Montgomery County from 1822 to 1823, he also served as a Justice and a land surveyor. Throughout the 1830s and 1840s, James Randal Kent bought up land, he owned around 8000 acres in 1860. In 1855, construction began on a resort at Montgomery White Sulphur Springs, a hotel that later served as a hospital during the American Civil War. In 1860, James Randal Kent became a founder of the Preston and Olin Institute, a Methodist school in Blacksburg that was the predecessor to present day Virginia Tech. He was among the wealthiest men in Montgomery County with an estimated wealth of $196,000. Kent was a staunch supporter of the Confederacy, he enslaved more than 100 people at the start of the war. He served as an organizer for the Confederate Army, as well as a supplier of foodstuffs, providing grain and beef to the Confederate Army all the way up to the day Lee surrendered at Appomattox. Though Kentland survived the war, many barns and out-buildings were burned, including the plantation office with the majority of James Kent's personal papers, and in 1867 his land was valued at 41% less than it had been in 1860. James Randal Kent died on May 29, 1867. ","Sarah James Kent, daughter of James Randal Kent, married Francis Bell, a cattle buyer from Staunton, in 1855. Together Sarah and Francis had four surviving children: twin sons, James Randal Kent Bell and Samuel Hays Bell in 1858, a daughter, Mary Louisa Bell in 1861, and Francis \"Frank\" Bell in 1864. They built a home on the land in Pulaski given to Sarah by her father. They lived at Mountain Home until the mid-1870s, when in 1872 Francis Bell purchased land from the Darsts and the Cloyds, their new home, Rockwood, was built c. 1876.","The four Bell children were well educated and all attended college for some period of time. Public schools were non-existent at this time, so a governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick taught them while they lived at Mountain Home. James Randal Kent and Samuel Hays Bell both attended Washington College in Lexington from 1875 to 1877. Mary Louisa Bell went to Mary Baldwin College in Staunton. Frank Bell attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute before transferring to the Virginia Military Institute and graduating with the class of 1885.","Sarah James Kent Bell died in April of 1884; Francis Bell followed her nine years later in 1893. In their will, all their land and properties were to be divided by the four children as they saw fit. James Randal Kent Bell received the Mountain Home properties, Samuel inherited the land in Augusta County, and Rockwood was split between Frank Bell and Mary Louisa Bell.","James Randal Kent Bell married three times. His first wife was Maria L. Sedgwick, the daughter of their governess, Mary Eliza Sedgewick, Maria died shortly after the birth of their daughter, Mary Peck Bell. His second wife was Lida Howell Whitsett, Lida died in January of 1902. Together they had five children, Amelia Louise, Elizabeth Kent, Sarah Frances, James, and Francis Joseph. The name of James R. K. Bell's third wife is unknown. All of his children were born at Mountain Home and grew up there.","Samuel Hays Bell married Bessie Arbuthnot on May 18, 1893. Together they had four daughters, Sarah James, Elizabeth, Mary Lou, and Margaret. They lived in Staunton on the land inherited from Francis Bell. Samuel Bell died in Staunton on June 26, 1903.","Mary Louisa Bell married Dr. Kent Black at Rockwood November 14, 1894. Dr. Black graduated from the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College in 1875, he worked as physician and surgeon at the school until 1890. Dr. Black died in 1909, following his death Mary Louisa Bell Black moved back to Pulaski to live with her family, she died at Rockwood December 12, 1943.","Frank Bell married Ellen Gordan Kent, the granddaughter of David Fenton Kent, in 1889. They had eight children: Sarah Kent Bell born September 28, 1890, Gordon Cloyd Bell born January 16, 1892, Ellen Howe Bell born February 12, 1893, Francis Bell born August 16, 1894, Mary Lou Bell born July 1, 1896, Elizabeth Cloyd Bell born September 7, 1897, Samuel Hays Bell born May 16, 1901, and Agnes McGavock Bell born September 1, 1905. Frank Bell worked in the cattle business just like his father and grandfather, he was an accomplished business man and over the years he bought up the rest of the Rockwood property from his sister, Mary Louisa Bell Black. He died at Rockwood on December 21, 1939, just a few months after the celebration of his fiftieth wedding anniversary.","Frank Bell's son, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow on November 16, 1918. They had four sons, Edgar Withrow Bell, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr., David Kent Bell, and Andrew Mathews Bell. Gordon Bell Sr. was a farmer and overseer of farm lands, he also served as the President of the Bank of Dublin. Mary Withrow Bell died September 30, 1938. Gordon Cloyd Sr. then married Lucy Preston King in October of 1942, they lived for a time in Phoenix, Arizona where Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. died in 1965.","Edgar Withrow Bell, the eldest son of Gordon Cloyd and Mary Withrow Bell was born on October 27, 1919. He grew up in Dublin and attended Lees-McCrea College in North Carolina. He wrote articles about music trends and opened \"The Record Bar\" at Wysor Electric Appliance Co. in Dublin. He also served as a postal worker in Arlington where he died in November of 1971.","Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. was born in Dublin on May 13, 1921. He was a farmer and overseer of the Withrow and Bell lands in Pulaski County, VA. He also served on the board of the Bank of Dublin. He attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and Furman College before entering the armed services in January of 1943 and served with the Black Panther Division during World War II. Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound in September of 1967.","David Kent Bell was born in Dublin on April 5, 1925. David attended the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and graduated with the Class of 1949. He also served in the armed services during World War II. He married Beverly Ann Gould from Baltimore, together they had two children: Sheri Lynn Bell born April 30, 1957 and James Gordon Bell born March 3, 1959. David Kent and Beverly Gould divorced and he married Helga Lewandowski. David Kent Bell died January 26, 2003.","Andrew Mathews Bell was born in Dublin on July 14, 1932. He died October 26, 1948.","Ellen Howe Bell was born February 12, 1893. She attended Mary Baldwin College. Ellen married Orrin Rankin Magill on September 30, 1915. Through the National YMCA, they moved to China where they lived for many years. Upon retiring, they moved to Blacksburg where they often entertained Chinese students attending Virginia Tech. Ellen Howe Bell Magill was elected the 1962 Mother of the Year in Blacksburg. She died January 19, 1968.","In 1918, Gordon Cloyd Bell married Mary Eliza Withrow. She was the granddaughter of James W. Withrow of Greenbrier County. James Withrow was born in Lewisburg, in what is now West Virginia, on October 23, 1818. Though not a licensed attorney he served as a judge and for many years, the Master Commissioner of the Circuit Court. He also represented the county in the state legislature where he served on the Judiciary Committee. He married Mary Jane Kincaid and had two sons, Edgar Daingerfield Withrow and Heber K. Withrow, and three daughters, Mrs. Helen Feamster, Miss Mary J. Withrow, and Mrs. Lucy Withrow Montgomery. James Withrow died June 26, 1901.","Edgar Daingerfield Withrow was born December 9, 1845. He married Mary See Renick on November 3, 1886. Edgar served in the Civil War as a member of Confederate company E of the 14th Virginia Cavalry. Edgar was captured at Berryville in 1864 and spent the end of the war at Camp Chare in Ohio. Following the War, Edgar went into business with his father, and later ran his own business selling agricultural implements. Together with Mary Renick, he had six daughters and one son: Mary Mathews Withrow, born September 16, 1887, died October 3, 1892; Annie Primrose Withrow, born January 26, 1889, died June 16, 1982; Mary Eliza Withrow, born November 29, 1892, died September 29, 1938; Helen Cameron Withrow, born January 9, 1895, died July 25, 1903; Letitia Renick Withrow, born July 1, 1897, died December 24, 1922; Geraldine Withrow, born August 1, 1901, died July 8, 1902; Edgar D. Withrow Jr., born July 8, 1903, died October 2, 1913. The Withrows moved to Pulaski County sometime around 1910. Edgar Withrow died March 9, 1926 and Mary Renick Withrow died January 7, 1929. ","Annie P. Withrow never married. She was very close with her nephews, Edgar, Gordon, David and Andrew Bell, and much of their correspondence was written to her. She attended the Lewisburg Female Institute beginning in 1907. Annie Withrow died in June of 1982.","Letitia R. Withrow was born July 1, 1897. She moved with her family to Dublin and graduated from Dublin High School. She then attended Stonewall Jackson College in Abingdon until the school burned in 1914. She then entered Hollins College in Roanoke, VA, following graduation she became a special student of voice under Professor A. Y. Cornell of New York for two years. In 1919, she took a job as Assistant Voice Teacher at Greenville Women's College in Greenville, South Carolina. She taught there for two years, and one year at Annville College in Annville, Pennsylvania. She left Annville College to return to New York in order to resume her training with Professor Cornell in preparation for a singing career. Shortly thereafter she returned home, where she died from influenza on December 24, 1922."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection, Ms2008-040, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection began in June 2008 and was completed in October 2008.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection began in June 2008 and was completed in October 2008."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3149.xml\"\u003eA listing of individuals and families in the Biographical Vertical Files at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is available online,\u003c/a\u003e but files of particular interest may include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBentley family (related to the Cloyd, Kent, and McGavock families)--this file contains a 2014 update to: Robert Gray's \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe McGavock Family. A Genealogical History of James McGavock and His Descendants from 1760 to 1903\u003c/title\u003e. Richmond: W.E. Jones, 1903. CS 71 .M144 1903 (copies in Special Collections and University Archives and Newman Library). \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/items/show/2684\"\u003eThe 2014 update is also available online.\u003c/a\u003e \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eKent\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1290.xml\"\u003eBlack, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1474.xml\"\u003eJames Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1779.xml\"\u003eElizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3537.xml\"\u003e\"Whitethorne Photographs of Kentland for Margaret K. Cowan\" Photograph Album, Ms2021-020\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4314.xml\"\u003eFrancis Bell Letter, Ms2024-088\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A listing of individuals and families in the Biographical Vertical Files at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is available online,  but files of particular interest may include:","Bentley family (related to the Cloyd, Kent, and McGavock families)--this file contains a 2014 update to: Robert Gray's  The McGavock Family. A Genealogical History of James McGavock and His Descendants from 1760 to 1903 . Richmond: W.E. Jones, 1903. CS 71 .M144 1903 (copies in Special Collections and University Archives and Newman Library).  The 2014 update is also available online. Kent","See the following materials related to these families, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Black, Kent, and Apperson Family Papers, Ms1974-003","James Randal Kent Papers, Ms1987-031","Elizabeth Kent Adams Papers, Ms1990-045","\"Whitethorne Photographs of Kentland for Margaret K. Cowan\" Photograph Album, Ms2021-020","Francis Bell Letter, Ms2024-088"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection spans the dates 1780 to 1998. The collection contains the papers and business records of four prominent families from Montgomery County and Pulaski County, Virginia and Greenbrier County, West Virginia. Also included are documents relating to numerous other individuals and families from across Southwest Virginia and Southern West Virginia. Documents include correspondence, land deeds and warrants, as well as financial records including debt statements, receipts, account statements, and money orders. The collection is divided into thirteen major series: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers, Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers, David Kent Bell Papers, Bell Family Papers, James Withrow Papers, Edgar D. Withrow Papers, Annie P. Withrow Papers, Withrow Family Papers, Kent Family Papers, Cloyd Family Papers, Other Family Papers, and Other Materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers: This series spans the years 1917 to 1962 and includes personal correspondence to and from Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. as well as business correspondence and materials from Bell's time as the President of the Bank of Dublin in Dublin, VA. The series also contains bank statements from 1940 to 1941.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers: This series contains materials dating from 1919 to 1970, including a birth certificate for Edgar W. Bell. The papers are mainly personal in nature. There is extensive correspondence, dating from 1934 to 1970 as well as a scrapbook and some newspaper clippings. There is a limited amount of Edgar Bell's financial records including bank statements dating from 1942 to 1945.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers: these papers date from 1921 to 1967. These papers include a birth certificate and academic records, as well as, land deeds, tax documents, and financial records. Also included are materials from Gordon Bell Jr.'s time in the military including correspondence from the time of his service in World War II. World War II materials also include a \"Save Conduct Leaflet.\" These leaflets were air dropped in Western Europe by Allied forces in order to aid in the surrender of German Soldiers, the leaflet in this collection was most likely the version distributed from December 1944 through April 1945, it contains both English and German text.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: David Kent Bell Papers: These papers date from 1925 to 1978. They range in scope from David Bell's birth certificate and education records to financial records and insurance documents. Also included is correspondence, some of which dates from David Bell's service in World War II. Also from this period are military documents dating from 1943 to 1948.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: Bell Family Papers: This series is composed for documents from various members of the Bell family including James Bell, Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, Francis Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. These items range in date from 1834 to 1967. They include financial records for James Bell, along with correspondence from Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. This series also contains information regarding the settlement of the estates of both Francis Bell and Mary Withrow Bell.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: James Withrow Papers: This series contains material ranging in date from 1848 to 1910. The bulk of the material in this series is financial records for James Withrow's business in agriculture, including contracts, correspondence, checks, receipts, money orders, debt statements, and account statements. Also present are documents relating to the settlement of James Withrow's estate.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers: This series spans the dates 1864 through 1936. Included in this series are personal items including correspondence from Edgar Withrow's time as a Confederate Prisoner of War. Also included are records from the Greenbrier Light Infantry Grays of which Edgar Withrow was a member. The majority of this series is composed of financial records and business records from Edgar Withrow's business as an agricultural implements salesman.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII: Annie Primrose Withrow Papers: These papers consist of personal correspondence and items dating from 1889 to 1981, including land deeds and other legal documents as well as a 1908 \"Greenbrier\" yearbook from the Lewisburg Female Institute.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX: The Withrow Family Papers: This series spans from 1870 to 1941, it contains materials from members of the Withrow family including business records from various businesses run by James Withrow and his son, Edgar, in addition to this are papers from Heber K. Withrow, Mary Renick Withrow, Helen Withrow, Mary E. Withrow, Mary J. Withrow, Letitia Withrow, and papers from Withrow Place as well as the Withrow Tourist Home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries X: The Kent Family Papers: This series includes materials dating from 1814 to 1881. The series includes the correspondence and financial records of two prominent Southwest Virginia landowners, James Randal Kent and David Fenton Kent.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI: The Cloyd Family Papers: The Cloyd family papers include correspondence and financial records for Gordon, Mary, and James Cloyd. Also included are several land surveys done by Gordon Cloyd, a land surveyor for Southwest Virginia. These materials date from 1792 to 1866.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries XII: Other Family Papers: This series is composed of land warrants and deeds, financial records, and personal correspondence from numerous individuals and families from Southwest Virginia and what is now, Southern West Virginia. These materials range in date from 1780 to 1998 and are dived into two categories, those materials sorted by individual or family and items organized by category.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries XIII: Other Materials: This series is composed of magazines, booklets, brochures, and photographs that could not be identified as belonging to any one person or family. The series spans the dates 1901 through 1997.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection spans the dates 1780 to 1998. The collection contains the papers and business records of four prominent families from Montgomery County and Pulaski County, Virginia and Greenbrier County, West Virginia. Also included are documents relating to numerous other individuals and families from across Southwest Virginia and Southern West Virginia. Documents include correspondence, land deeds and warrants, as well as financial records including debt statements, receipts, account statements, and money orders. The collection is divided into thirteen major series: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers, Edgar Withrow Bell Papers, Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers, David Kent Bell Papers, Bell Family Papers, James Withrow Papers, Edgar D. Withrow Papers, Annie P. Withrow Papers, Withrow Family Papers, Kent Family Papers, Cloyd Family Papers, Other Family Papers, and Other Materials. ","Series I: Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. Papers: This series spans the years 1917 to 1962 and includes personal correspondence to and from Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr. as well as business correspondence and materials from Bell's time as the President of the Bank of Dublin in Dublin, VA. The series also contains bank statements from 1940 to 1941.","Series II: Edgar Withrow Bell Papers: This series contains materials dating from 1919 to 1970, including a birth certificate for Edgar W. Bell. The papers are mainly personal in nature. There is extensive correspondence, dating from 1934 to 1970 as well as a scrapbook and some newspaper clippings. There is a limited amount of Edgar Bell's financial records including bank statements dating from 1942 to 1945.","Series III: Gordon Cloyd Bell Jr. Papers: these papers date from 1921 to 1967. These papers include a birth certificate and academic records, as well as, land deeds, tax documents, and financial records. Also included are materials from Gordon Bell Jr.'s time in the military including correspondence from the time of his service in World War II. World War II materials also include a \"Save Conduct Leaflet.\" These leaflets were air dropped in Western Europe by Allied forces in order to aid in the surrender of German Soldiers, the leaflet in this collection was most likely the version distributed from December 1944 through April 1945, it contains both English and German text.","Series IV: David Kent Bell Papers: These papers date from 1925 to 1978. They range in scope from David Bell's birth certificate and education records to financial records and insurance documents. Also included is correspondence, some of which dates from David Bell's service in World War II. Also from this period are military documents dating from 1943 to 1948.","Series V: Bell Family Papers: This series is composed for documents from various members of the Bell family including James Bell, Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, Francis Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. These items range in date from 1834 to 1967. They include financial records for James Bell, along with correspondence from Mary Withrow Bell, Andrew Bell, and Ellen Howe Bell Magill. This series also contains information regarding the settlement of the estates of both Francis Bell and Mary Withrow Bell.","Series VI: James Withrow Papers: This series contains material ranging in date from 1848 to 1910. The bulk of the material in this series is financial records for James Withrow's business in agriculture, including contracts, correspondence, checks, receipts, money orders, debt statements, and account statements. Also present are documents relating to the settlement of James Withrow's estate.","Series VII: Edgar D. Withrow Papers: This series spans the dates 1864 through 1936. Included in this series are personal items including correspondence from Edgar Withrow's time as a Confederate Prisoner of War. Also included are records from the Greenbrier Light Infantry Grays of which Edgar Withrow was a member. The majority of this series is composed of financial records and business records from Edgar Withrow's business as an agricultural implements salesman.","Series VIII: Annie Primrose Withrow Papers: These papers consist of personal correspondence and items dating from 1889 to 1981, including land deeds and other legal documents as well as a 1908 \"Greenbrier\" yearbook from the Lewisburg Female Institute.","Series IX: The Withrow Family Papers: This series spans from 1870 to 1941, it contains materials from members of the Withrow family including business records from various businesses run by James Withrow and his son, Edgar, in addition to this are papers from Heber K. Withrow, Mary Renick Withrow, Helen Withrow, Mary E. Withrow, Mary J. Withrow, Letitia Withrow, and papers from Withrow Place as well as the Withrow Tourist Home.","Series X: The Kent Family Papers: This series includes materials dating from 1814 to 1881. The series includes the correspondence and financial records of two prominent Southwest Virginia landowners, James Randal Kent and David Fenton Kent.","Series XI: The Cloyd Family Papers: The Cloyd family papers include correspondence and financial records for Gordon, Mary, and James Cloyd. Also included are several land surveys done by Gordon Cloyd, a land surveyor for Southwest Virginia. These materials date from 1792 to 1866.","Series XII: Other Family Papers: This series is composed of land warrants and deeds, financial records, and personal correspondence from numerous individuals and families from Southwest Virginia and what is now, Southern West Virginia. These materials range in date from 1780 to 1998 and are dived into two categories, those materials sorted by individual or family and items organized by category.","Series XIII: Other Materials: This series is composed of magazines, booklets, brochures, and photographs that could not be identified as belonging to any one person or family. The series spans the dates 1901 through 1997."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a5f70c760aaa388e4b03cbb66aec856e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection contains the personal papers and financial records of members of four prominent families. Included are members of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, and Withrow families, as well as, materials from related families and acquaintances. This is a diverse collection containing materials dating from 1780 to 1998. Items of interest include several Land Deeds and Warrant from the late 18th Century, including one signed by Benjamin Harrison, then Governor of Virginia; American Civil War correspondence from Confederate POW, Edgar Withrow; Regimental listings from the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia; and correspondence and military documents dating from World War II. The main collection contains materials from Gen. Gordon Cloyd, James Randal Kent, David Fenton Kent, Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr., David Kent Bell, James and Edgar Withrow, and many others.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Bell, Kent, Cloyd, Withrow Family Collection contains the personal papers and financial records of members of four prominent families. Included are members of the Bell, Kent, Cloyd, and Withrow families, as well as, materials from related families and acquaintances. This is a diverse collection containing materials dating from 1780 to 1998. Items of interest include several Land Deeds and Warrant from the late 18th Century, including one signed by Benjamin Harrison, then Governor of Virginia; American Civil War correspondence from Confederate POW, Edgar Withrow; Regimental listings from the 19th Brigade of the Virginia Militia; and correspondence and military documents dating from World War II. The main collection contains materials from Gen. Gordon Cloyd, James Randal Kent, David Fenton Kent, Gordon Cloyd Bell Sr., David Kent Bell, James and Edgar Withrow, and many others."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Withrow family","Kent family","Cloyd family","Bell family"],"famname_ssim":["Withrow family","Cloyd family","Kent family","Bell family"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":221,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:26:01.919Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2361_c11_c11"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1908","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Cochran Family Letters","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1908#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Cochran family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1908#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Cochran Family Letters consist of fourteen letters written in 1860 and 1861 by brothers John H. and Benjamin Franklin (\"Frank\") Cochran of Augusta County, Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1908#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1908","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1908","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1908","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1908","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1908.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Cochran Family Letters","title_ssm":["Cochran Family Letters"],"title_tesim":["Cochran Family Letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1861"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1992.032"],"text":["Ms.1992.032","Cochran Family Letters","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open to research.","Transcripts of the letters are available.","The collection is arranged chronologically.","Before the American Civil War, John H. Cochran was involved in the tobacco business in Richmond, Virginia. When the war began he served as a private in Company A of the Wise Legion and later in the 46th Regiment Virginia Infantry. He was captured with most of his legion at Roanoke Island, North Carolina, on February 8, 1862. After parole he continued to serve throughout the war until he was killed in action on July 21, 1864.","Benjamin Franklin Cochran (\"Frank\") was a private in Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry. He enlisted in Waynesboro on May 2, 1861, and was discharged for ill health on December 6, 1861. He died in Bosque County, Texas, in 1893.","The guide to the  Cochran Family Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Cochran Family Letters commenced and was completed in 1992.","The Cochran Family Letters consist of fourteen letters written in 1860 and 1861 by brothers John H. and Benjamin Franklin (\"Frank\") Cochran of Augusta County, Virginia.","The letters from John H. Cochran, written primarily during the period between the election of Abraham Lincoln to the attack on Fort Sumter, show his intense interest in and gives a clear picture of the events that happened immediately before the start of the Civil War. All of his and Frank's letters were written to their mother in Augusta County, Virginia. The collection also includes one letter from a cousin, A.G. Gastins of South Carolina, to John and Benjamin Cochran's father.","Describes his feelings about the charges that his party is one of disunionists and believes that \"the government is not solely the government of a majority but that the minority have rights that must be respected.\"","Writes that \"the country is now in a fearful state of agitation. so much so that thinking men believe that war between the sections is iminent.\" Comments on South Carolina's secession from the Union.","\"There is nothing talked about here but that all absorbing subject secession. South Carolina has gloriously vindicated her honor...\"","\"My dear Cousin...You have heard long before this that S. Carolina has seceded every person in the State shouts glory to God + I say Amen...S. Carolina has fifty thousand ready at this time to march any whare they may be kneeded...\"","\"...We have nothing new from Charlestown to night. But I expect there will be stiring times there in a day or two. I think it more than probably the Star of the West is in the offing waiting for the Brooklyn who will take the troops on board and attempt to foarce a passage to Sumpter...\"","\"...You ask if things do not look more like peace I think not the air is redolant with the fumes of powder and I believe we will have war with the North in less than sixty days. If Virginia refuses to go out there will be a revolution in this state...\"","Writes that if the peace conference's report is adopted then \"will come dishonor, disgrace and repudiation. Then will the fair land be polluted with the presence of hoards of yankees and other such like vermin...\" He believes that there is \"but one way to avert such dire calamities to the old commonwealth and that is by revolution.\"","\"...I again reiterate my prediction that the eastern part of the state will rise in revolt against the western and will yet achieve its independence even though the rivers run in blood...\"Also writes that business is stagnant and that a friend has been advised by H. A. Wise \"not to engage in any sort of business as yet as he thought that pecuniary affairs would receive even a greater blow than any which has yet convulsed the country.\"","\"If I go south it will be for the double purpose of taking up arms and of attending to the business connected with my grandfather's estate...news of the surrender of fort Sumpter was received here yesterday after a bombardment of nearly thirty hours...we fired a salute of one hundred guns in honor of the victory on the square under the very noses of the Traitors to the state...after which we hoisted the flag of the Confederated States upon the capitol...\"","\"We are stationed here between two batteries for the purpose of defending either in case of attack. We are now upon the extreme boundary of the Southern Confederacy with nothing to divide us from the Black Republican despotism but the broad waters of the Potomac. How I wish that we were on the other side and in full march upon Washington.\"","Asks her to send him some of the flash powder that John sent earlier from Richmond.","Expects a fight soon; had skirmishes at Honeywood Mills while they were working to blow up a dam.","His company was transferred to the Wise Legion and they would be mustered into service for the war that evening. Getting ready to fight in the North West.","Caught two of the enemy last week, a lieutenant colonel and an officer. Wants her to send him his gun.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Cochran Family Letters consist of fourteen letters written in 1860 and 1861 by brothers John H. and Benjamin Franklin (\"Frank\") Cochran of Augusta County, Virginia.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Cochran family","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1992.032"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cochran Family Letters"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cochran Family Letters"],"collection_ssim":["Cochran Family Letters"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Cochran family"],"creator_ssim":["Cochran family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Cochran family"],"creators_ssim":["Cochran family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Cochran Family Letters were purchased by Special Collections in May 1992."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of the letters are available.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Transcripts of the letters are available."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore the American Civil War, John H. Cochran was involved in the tobacco business in Richmond, Virginia. When the war began he served as a private in Company A of the Wise Legion and later in the 46th Regiment Virginia Infantry. He was captured with most of his legion at Roanoke Island, North Carolina, on February 8, 1862. After parole he continued to serve throughout the war until he was killed in action on July 21, 1864.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Franklin Cochran (\"Frank\") was a private in Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry. He enlisted in Waynesboro on May 2, 1861, and was discharged for ill health on December 6, 1861. He died in Bosque County, Texas, in 1893.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Before the American Civil War, John H. Cochran was involved in the tobacco business in Richmond, Virginia. When the war began he served as a private in Company A of the Wise Legion and later in the 46th Regiment Virginia Infantry. He was captured with most of his legion at Roanoke Island, North Carolina, on February 8, 1862. After parole he continued to serve throughout the war until he was killed in action on July 21, 1864.","Benjamin Franklin Cochran (\"Frank\") was a private in Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry. He enlisted in Waynesboro on May 2, 1861, and was discharged for ill health on December 6, 1861. He died in Bosque County, Texas, in 1893."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the  Cochran Family Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the  Cochran Family Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Cochran Family Letters, Ms1992-032, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Cochran Family Letters, Ms1992-032, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Cochran Family Letters commenced and was completed in 1992.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Cochran Family Letters commenced and was completed in 1992."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Cochran Family Letters consist of fourteen letters written in 1860 and 1861 by brothers John H. and Benjamin Franklin (\"Frank\") Cochran of Augusta County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe letters from John H. Cochran, written primarily during the period between the election of Abraham Lincoln to the attack on Fort Sumter, show his intense interest in and gives a clear picture of the events that happened immediately before the start of the Civil War. All of his and Frank's letters were written to their mother in Augusta County, Virginia. The collection also includes one letter from a cousin, A.G. Gastins of South Carolina, to John and Benjamin Cochran's father.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes his feelings about the charges that his party is one of disunionists and believes that \"the government is not solely the government of a majority but that the minority have rights that must be respected.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites that \"the country is now in a fearful state of agitation. so much so that thinking men believe that war between the sections is iminent.\" Comments on South Carolina's secession from the Union.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"There is nothing talked about here but that all absorbing subject secession. South Carolina has gloriously vindicated her honor...\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"My dear Cousin...You have heard long before this that S. Carolina has seceded every person in the State shouts glory to God + I say Amen...S. Carolina has fifty thousand ready at this time to march any whare they may be kneeded...\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"...We have nothing new from Charlestown to night. But I expect there will be stiring times there in a day or two. I think it more than probably the Star of the West is in the offing waiting for the Brooklyn who will take the troops on board and attempt to foarce a passage to Sumpter...\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"...You ask if things do not look more like peace I think not the air is redolant with the fumes of powder and I believe we will have war with the North in less than sixty days. If Virginia refuses to go out there will be a revolution in this state...\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites that if the peace conference's report is adopted then \"will come dishonor, disgrace and repudiation. Then will the fair land be polluted with the presence of hoards of yankees and other such like vermin...\" He believes that there is \"but one way to avert such dire calamities to the old commonwealth and that is by revolution.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"...I again reiterate my prediction that the eastern part of the state will rise in revolt against the western and will yet achieve its independence even though the rivers run in blood...\"Also writes that business is stagnant and that a friend has been advised by H. A. Wise \"not to engage in any sort of business as yet as he thought that pecuniary affairs would receive even a greater blow than any which has yet convulsed the country.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"If I go south it will be for the double purpose of taking up arms and of attending to the business connected with my grandfather's estate...news of the surrender of fort Sumpter was received here yesterday after a bombardment of nearly thirty hours...we fired a salute of one hundred guns in honor of the victory on the square under the very noses of the Traitors to the state...after which we hoisted the flag of the Confederated States upon the capitol...\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"We are stationed here between two batteries for the purpose of defending either in case of attack. We are now upon the extreme boundary of the Southern Confederacy with nothing to divide us from the Black Republican despotism but the broad waters of the Potomac. How I wish that we were on the other side and in full march upon Washington.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks her to send him some of the flash powder that John sent earlier from Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpects a fight soon; had skirmishes at Honeywood Mills while they were working to blow up a dam.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis company was transferred to the Wise Legion and they would be mustered into service for the war that evening. Getting ready to fight in the North West.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCaught two of the enemy last week, a lieutenant colonel and an officer. Wants her to send him his gun.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Cochran Family Letters consist of fourteen letters written in 1860 and 1861 by brothers John H. and Benjamin Franklin (\"Frank\") Cochran of Augusta County, Virginia.","The letters from John H. Cochran, written primarily during the period between the election of Abraham Lincoln to the attack on Fort Sumter, show his intense interest in and gives a clear picture of the events that happened immediately before the start of the Civil War. All of his and Frank's letters were written to their mother in Augusta County, Virginia. The collection also includes one letter from a cousin, A.G. Gastins of South Carolina, to John and Benjamin Cochran's father.","Describes his feelings about the charges that his party is one of disunionists and believes that \"the government is not solely the government of a majority but that the minority have rights that must be respected.\"","Writes that \"the country is now in a fearful state of agitation. so much so that thinking men believe that war between the sections is iminent.\" Comments on South Carolina's secession from the Union.","\"There is nothing talked about here but that all absorbing subject secession. South Carolina has gloriously vindicated her honor...\"","\"My dear Cousin...You have heard long before this that S. Carolina has seceded every person in the State shouts glory to God + I say Amen...S. Carolina has fifty thousand ready at this time to march any whare they may be kneeded...\"","\"...We have nothing new from Charlestown to night. But I expect there will be stiring times there in a day or two. I think it more than probably the Star of the West is in the offing waiting for the Brooklyn who will take the troops on board and attempt to foarce a passage to Sumpter...\"","\"...You ask if things do not look more like peace I think not the air is redolant with the fumes of powder and I believe we will have war with the North in less than sixty days. If Virginia refuses to go out there will be a revolution in this state...\"","Writes that if the peace conference's report is adopted then \"will come dishonor, disgrace and repudiation. Then will the fair land be polluted with the presence of hoards of yankees and other such like vermin...\" He believes that there is \"but one way to avert such dire calamities to the old commonwealth and that is by revolution.\"","\"...I again reiterate my prediction that the eastern part of the state will rise in revolt against the western and will yet achieve its independence even though the rivers run in blood...\"Also writes that business is stagnant and that a friend has been advised by H. A. Wise \"not to engage in any sort of business as yet as he thought that pecuniary affairs would receive even a greater blow than any which has yet convulsed the country.\"","\"If I go south it will be for the double purpose of taking up arms and of attending to the business connected with my grandfather's estate...news of the surrender of fort Sumpter was received here yesterday after a bombardment of nearly thirty hours...we fired a salute of one hundred guns in honor of the victory on the square under the very noses of the Traitors to the state...after which we hoisted the flag of the Confederated States upon the capitol...\"","\"We are stationed here between two batteries for the purpose of defending either in case of attack. We are now upon the extreme boundary of the Southern Confederacy with nothing to divide us from the Black Republican despotism but the broad waters of the Potomac. How I wish that we were on the other side and in full march upon Washington.\"","Asks her to send him some of the flash powder that John sent earlier from Richmond.","Expects a fight soon; had skirmishes at Honeywood Mills while they were working to blow up a dam.","His company was transferred to the Wise Legion and they would be mustered into service for the war that evening. Getting ready to fight in the North West.","Caught two of the enemy last week, a lieutenant colonel and an officer. Wants her to send him his gun."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0400b817f40dd4f7076b609c31022cbd\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Cochran Family Letters consist of fourteen letters written in 1860 and 1861 by brothers John H. and Benjamin Franklin (\"Frank\") Cochran of Augusta County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Cochran Family Letters consist of fourteen letters written in 1860 and 1861 by brothers John H. and Benjamin Franklin (\"Frank\") Cochran of Augusta County, Virginia."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Cochran family"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Cochran family"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":15,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:32:24.099Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1908","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1908","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1908","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1908","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1908.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Cochran Family Letters","title_ssm":["Cochran Family Letters"],"title_tesim":["Cochran Family Letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1861"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1992.032"],"text":["Ms.1992.032","Cochran Family Letters","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open to research.","Transcripts of the letters are available.","The collection is arranged chronologically.","Before the American Civil War, John H. Cochran was involved in the tobacco business in Richmond, Virginia. When the war began he served as a private in Company A of the Wise Legion and later in the 46th Regiment Virginia Infantry. He was captured with most of his legion at Roanoke Island, North Carolina, on February 8, 1862. After parole he continued to serve throughout the war until he was killed in action on July 21, 1864.","Benjamin Franklin Cochran (\"Frank\") was a private in Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry. He enlisted in Waynesboro on May 2, 1861, and was discharged for ill health on December 6, 1861. He died in Bosque County, Texas, in 1893.","The guide to the  Cochran Family Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Cochran Family Letters commenced and was completed in 1992.","The Cochran Family Letters consist of fourteen letters written in 1860 and 1861 by brothers John H. and Benjamin Franklin (\"Frank\") Cochran of Augusta County, Virginia.","The letters from John H. Cochran, written primarily during the period between the election of Abraham Lincoln to the attack on Fort Sumter, show his intense interest in and gives a clear picture of the events that happened immediately before the start of the Civil War. All of his and Frank's letters were written to their mother in Augusta County, Virginia. The collection also includes one letter from a cousin, A.G. Gastins of South Carolina, to John and Benjamin Cochran's father.","Describes his feelings about the charges that his party is one of disunionists and believes that \"the government is not solely the government of a majority but that the minority have rights that must be respected.\"","Writes that \"the country is now in a fearful state of agitation. so much so that thinking men believe that war between the sections is iminent.\" Comments on South Carolina's secession from the Union.","\"There is nothing talked about here but that all absorbing subject secession. South Carolina has gloriously vindicated her honor...\"","\"My dear Cousin...You have heard long before this that S. Carolina has seceded every person in the State shouts glory to God + I say Amen...S. Carolina has fifty thousand ready at this time to march any whare they may be kneeded...\"","\"...We have nothing new from Charlestown to night. But I expect there will be stiring times there in a day or two. I think it more than probably the Star of the West is in the offing waiting for the Brooklyn who will take the troops on board and attempt to foarce a passage to Sumpter...\"","\"...You ask if things do not look more like peace I think not the air is redolant with the fumes of powder and I believe we will have war with the North in less than sixty days. If Virginia refuses to go out there will be a revolution in this state...\"","Writes that if the peace conference's report is adopted then \"will come dishonor, disgrace and repudiation. Then will the fair land be polluted with the presence of hoards of yankees and other such like vermin...\" He believes that there is \"but one way to avert such dire calamities to the old commonwealth and that is by revolution.\"","\"...I again reiterate my prediction that the eastern part of the state will rise in revolt against the western and will yet achieve its independence even though the rivers run in blood...\"Also writes that business is stagnant and that a friend has been advised by H. A. Wise \"not to engage in any sort of business as yet as he thought that pecuniary affairs would receive even a greater blow than any which has yet convulsed the country.\"","\"If I go south it will be for the double purpose of taking up arms and of attending to the business connected with my grandfather's estate...news of the surrender of fort Sumpter was received here yesterday after a bombardment of nearly thirty hours...we fired a salute of one hundred guns in honor of the victory on the square under the very noses of the Traitors to the state...after which we hoisted the flag of the Confederated States upon the capitol...\"","\"We are stationed here between two batteries for the purpose of defending either in case of attack. We are now upon the extreme boundary of the Southern Confederacy with nothing to divide us from the Black Republican despotism but the broad waters of the Potomac. How I wish that we were on the other side and in full march upon Washington.\"","Asks her to send him some of the flash powder that John sent earlier from Richmond.","Expects a fight soon; had skirmishes at Honeywood Mills while they were working to blow up a dam.","His company was transferred to the Wise Legion and they would be mustered into service for the war that evening. Getting ready to fight in the North West.","Caught two of the enemy last week, a lieutenant colonel and an officer. Wants her to send him his gun.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Cochran Family Letters consist of fourteen letters written in 1860 and 1861 by brothers John H. and Benjamin Franklin (\"Frank\") Cochran of Augusta County, Virginia.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Cochran family","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1992.032"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cochran Family Letters"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cochran Family Letters"],"collection_ssim":["Cochran Family Letters"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Cochran family"],"creator_ssim":["Cochran family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Cochran family"],"creators_ssim":["Cochran family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Cochran Family Letters were purchased by Special Collections in May 1992."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of the letters are available.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Transcripts of the letters are available."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore the American Civil War, John H. Cochran was involved in the tobacco business in Richmond, Virginia. When the war began he served as a private in Company A of the Wise Legion and later in the 46th Regiment Virginia Infantry. He was captured with most of his legion at Roanoke Island, North Carolina, on February 8, 1862. After parole he continued to serve throughout the war until he was killed in action on July 21, 1864.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Franklin Cochran (\"Frank\") was a private in Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry. He enlisted in Waynesboro on May 2, 1861, and was discharged for ill health on December 6, 1861. He died in Bosque County, Texas, in 1893.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Before the American Civil War, John H. Cochran was involved in the tobacco business in Richmond, Virginia. When the war began he served as a private in Company A of the Wise Legion and later in the 46th Regiment Virginia Infantry. He was captured with most of his legion at Roanoke Island, North Carolina, on February 8, 1862. After parole he continued to serve throughout the war until he was killed in action on July 21, 1864.","Benjamin Franklin Cochran (\"Frank\") was a private in Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry. He enlisted in Waynesboro on May 2, 1861, and was discharged for ill health on December 6, 1861. He died in Bosque County, Texas, in 1893."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the  Cochran Family Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the  Cochran Family Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Cochran Family Letters, Ms1992-032, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Cochran Family Letters, Ms1992-032, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Cochran Family Letters commenced and was completed in 1992.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Cochran Family Letters commenced and was completed in 1992."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Cochran Family Letters consist of fourteen letters written in 1860 and 1861 by brothers John H. and Benjamin Franklin (\"Frank\") Cochran of Augusta County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe letters from John H. Cochran, written primarily during the period between the election of Abraham Lincoln to the attack on Fort Sumter, show his intense interest in and gives a clear picture of the events that happened immediately before the start of the Civil War. All of his and Frank's letters were written to their mother in Augusta County, Virginia. The collection also includes one letter from a cousin, A.G. Gastins of South Carolina, to John and Benjamin Cochran's father.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes his feelings about the charges that his party is one of disunionists and believes that \"the government is not solely the government of a majority but that the minority have rights that must be respected.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites that \"the country is now in a fearful state of agitation. so much so that thinking men believe that war between the sections is iminent.\" Comments on South Carolina's secession from the Union.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"There is nothing talked about here but that all absorbing subject secession. South Carolina has gloriously vindicated her honor...\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"My dear Cousin...You have heard long before this that S. Carolina has seceded every person in the State shouts glory to God + I say Amen...S. Carolina has fifty thousand ready at this time to march any whare they may be kneeded...\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"...We have nothing new from Charlestown to night. But I expect there will be stiring times there in a day or two. I think it more than probably the Star of the West is in the offing waiting for the Brooklyn who will take the troops on board and attempt to foarce a passage to Sumpter...\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"...You ask if things do not look more like peace I think not the air is redolant with the fumes of powder and I believe we will have war with the North in less than sixty days. If Virginia refuses to go out there will be a revolution in this state...\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites that if the peace conference's report is adopted then \"will come dishonor, disgrace and repudiation. Then will the fair land be polluted with the presence of hoards of yankees and other such like vermin...\" He believes that there is \"but one way to avert such dire calamities to the old commonwealth and that is by revolution.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"...I again reiterate my prediction that the eastern part of the state will rise in revolt against the western and will yet achieve its independence even though the rivers run in blood...\"Also writes that business is stagnant and that a friend has been advised by H. A. Wise \"not to engage in any sort of business as yet as he thought that pecuniary affairs would receive even a greater blow than any which has yet convulsed the country.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"If I go south it will be for the double purpose of taking up arms and of attending to the business connected with my grandfather's estate...news of the surrender of fort Sumpter was received here yesterday after a bombardment of nearly thirty hours...we fired a salute of one hundred guns in honor of the victory on the square under the very noses of the Traitors to the state...after which we hoisted the flag of the Confederated States upon the capitol...\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"We are stationed here between two batteries for the purpose of defending either in case of attack. We are now upon the extreme boundary of the Southern Confederacy with nothing to divide us from the Black Republican despotism but the broad waters of the Potomac. How I wish that we were on the other side and in full march upon Washington.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks her to send him some of the flash powder that John sent earlier from Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpects a fight soon; had skirmishes at Honeywood Mills while they were working to blow up a dam.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis company was transferred to the Wise Legion and they would be mustered into service for the war that evening. Getting ready to fight in the North West.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCaught two of the enemy last week, a lieutenant colonel and an officer. Wants her to send him his gun.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Cochran Family Letters consist of fourteen letters written in 1860 and 1861 by brothers John H. and Benjamin Franklin (\"Frank\") Cochran of Augusta County, Virginia.","The letters from John H. Cochran, written primarily during the period between the election of Abraham Lincoln to the attack on Fort Sumter, show his intense interest in and gives a clear picture of the events that happened immediately before the start of the Civil War. All of his and Frank's letters were written to their mother in Augusta County, Virginia. The collection also includes one letter from a cousin, A.G. Gastins of South Carolina, to John and Benjamin Cochran's father.","Describes his feelings about the charges that his party is one of disunionists and believes that \"the government is not solely the government of a majority but that the minority have rights that must be respected.\"","Writes that \"the country is now in a fearful state of agitation. so much so that thinking men believe that war between the sections is iminent.\" Comments on South Carolina's secession from the Union.","\"There is nothing talked about here but that all absorbing subject secession. South Carolina has gloriously vindicated her honor...\"","\"My dear Cousin...You have heard long before this that S. Carolina has seceded every person in the State shouts glory to God + I say Amen...S. Carolina has fifty thousand ready at this time to march any whare they may be kneeded...\"","\"...We have nothing new from Charlestown to night. But I expect there will be stiring times there in a day or two. I think it more than probably the Star of the West is in the offing waiting for the Brooklyn who will take the troops on board and attempt to foarce a passage to Sumpter...\"","\"...You ask if things do not look more like peace I think not the air is redolant with the fumes of powder and I believe we will have war with the North in less than sixty days. If Virginia refuses to go out there will be a revolution in this state...\"","Writes that if the peace conference's report is adopted then \"will come dishonor, disgrace and repudiation. Then will the fair land be polluted with the presence of hoards of yankees and other such like vermin...\" He believes that there is \"but one way to avert such dire calamities to the old commonwealth and that is by revolution.\"","\"...I again reiterate my prediction that the eastern part of the state will rise in revolt against the western and will yet achieve its independence even though the rivers run in blood...\"Also writes that business is stagnant and that a friend has been advised by H. A. Wise \"not to engage in any sort of business as yet as he thought that pecuniary affairs would receive even a greater blow than any which has yet convulsed the country.\"","\"If I go south it will be for the double purpose of taking up arms and of attending to the business connected with my grandfather's estate...news of the surrender of fort Sumpter was received here yesterday after a bombardment of nearly thirty hours...we fired a salute of one hundred guns in honor of the victory on the square under the very noses of the Traitors to the state...after which we hoisted the flag of the Confederated States upon the capitol...\"","\"We are stationed here between two batteries for the purpose of defending either in case of attack. We are now upon the extreme boundary of the Southern Confederacy with nothing to divide us from the Black Republican despotism but the broad waters of the Potomac. How I wish that we were on the other side and in full march upon Washington.\"","Asks her to send him some of the flash powder that John sent earlier from Richmond.","Expects a fight soon; had skirmishes at Honeywood Mills while they were working to blow up a dam.","His company was transferred to the Wise Legion and they would be mustered into service for the war that evening. Getting ready to fight in the North West.","Caught two of the enemy last week, a lieutenant colonel and an officer. Wants her to send him his gun."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0400b817f40dd4f7076b609c31022cbd\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Cochran Family Letters consist of fourteen letters written in 1860 and 1861 by brothers John H. and Benjamin Franklin (\"Frank\") Cochran of Augusta County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Cochran Family Letters consist of fourteen letters written in 1860 and 1861 by brothers John H. and Benjamin Franklin (\"Frank\") Cochran of Augusta County, Virginia."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Cochran family"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Cochran family"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":15,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:32:24.099Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1908"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869_c03","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Cole, Henry \u0026 Luther","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869_c03#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes three letters written from two brothers to their sister Annie during the American Civil War. The first letter is written from Henry and Luther on August 2, 1861, and is written on stationary with a picture of the United States Capitol on it. They describe life in their squad, and how their cabin is set up. The second letter was written on August 2, 1861, by brother Henry. Henry describes the weather and his assignments, and he also describes his food that he gets to eat. The third letter was written by brother Henry on October 9, 1861. He describes their location and what is in his haversacks, and he also gives a description of the landscape around him. Transcripts included.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869_c03","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869_c03"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869_c03","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence"],"text":["Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence","Cole, Henry \u0026 Luther","box 1","folder 2","This folder includes three letters written from two brothers to their sister Annie during the American Civil War. The first letter is written from Henry and Luther on August 2, 1861, and is written on stationary with a picture of the United States Capitol on it.  They describe life in their squad, and how their cabin is set up. The second letter was written on August 2, 1861, by brother Henry. Henry describes the weather and his assignments, and he also describes his food that he gets to eat. The third letter was written by brother Henry on October 9, 1861. He describes their location and what is in his haversacks, and he also gives a description of the landscape around him. Transcripts included."],"title_filing_ssi":"Cole, Henry \u0026 Luther","title_ssm":["Cole, Henry \u0026 Luther"],"title_tesim":["Cole, Henry \u0026 Luther"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["August-October 1861"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cole, Henry \u0026 Luther"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1861],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 2"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes three letters written from two brothers to their sister Annie during the American Civil War. The first letter is written from Henry and Luther on August 2, 1861, and is written on stationary with a picture of the United States Capitol on it.  They describe life in their squad, and how their cabin is set up. The second letter was written on August 2, 1861, by brother Henry. Henry describes the weather and his assignments, and he also describes his food that he gets to eat. The third letter was written by brother Henry on October 9, 1861. He describes their location and what is in his haversacks, and he also gives a description of the landscape around him. Transcripts included.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder includes three letters written from two brothers to their sister Annie during the American Civil War. The first letter is written from Henry and Luther on August 2, 1861, and is written on stationary with a picture of the United States Capitol on it.  They describe life in their squad, and how their cabin is set up. The second letter was written on August 2, 1861, by brother Henry. Henry describes the weather and his assignments, and he also describes his food that he gets to eat. The third letter was written by brother Henry on October 9, 1861. He describes their location and what is in his haversacks, and he also gives a description of the landscape around him. Transcripts included."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:12:37.448Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2869.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence","title_ssm":["Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1862"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1862"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2013.029"],"text":["Ms.2013.029","Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence","Washington (D.C.) -- Maps","Virginia","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia -- History","The collection is open for research.","Some letters and transcripts have been digitized and are available online.","This letter has been digitized and is available online.","This letter has been digitized and is available online.","This letter has been digitized and is available online.","This letter has been digitized and is available online.","This letter  as been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The envelope has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The collection has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The envelope has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","This collection is by material type: correspondence then print. The correspondence is arranged alphabetically by creator's surname, with unknown surnames at the end arranged alphabetically by given name.","See individual creators in the inventory below for available biographical information.","George E. Davis enlisted with Company F, Harris Light Cavalry in September 1861, during the American Civil War. He died June 22, 1863, in an Alexandria hospital, from wounds received in action.","Clarke S. Edwards was born in 1824. He lived in Bethel, Maine, prior to the start of the American Civil War. After the attack on Fort Sumner, Edwards formed a company of men, eventually Company I, 5th Regiment, Maine Infanry. Edwards began the war with the rank of captain and was later made a colonel in January 1863.  He was brevetted Brigadier General of US Volunteers in March 1865. Following the Civil War, he returned to his farm and family in Maine. He died in 1903.","William Bartleman Gregory served as an Assistant Surgeon (and later Surgeon) for several regiments from Alabama and Georgia during the American Civil War. Prior the war, Gregory studied and practiced medicine in Alexandria, Virginia. He returned to Alexandria and resumed his career following his parole in 1865. He died in 1887 and is buried in Alexandria, Virginia. ","Source: \"Dr William Bartleman Gregory\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/18728501/william-bartleman-gregory .","J. Marshall Guion (1822-1891) served with the 33rd Regiment, New York Volunteers, during the American Civil War. He later transferred to Company K, 1st New York Veteran Cavalry as a captain.","Franklin B. Lukens served in Company E of the 3rd Regiment, New Jersey Infantry, during the American Civil War.","Melville P. Nickerson served in the 2nd Regiment, Maine Infantry, during the American Civil War.","Abraham Penman served in the 12th Regiment, Pennsylvania Reserve Infantry (41st Volunteers), during the American Civil War.","Jeremiah C. Rappleyea served in the 1st Regiment, New Jersey Infantry, Company H, during the American Civil War.","Peter Stewart enlisted in the 79th New York Highland Guard with his brother, William, in May 1861, during the American Civil War.","Peter Stickley was born on November 18, 1825, likely to Jacob H. and Catherine Stickley. He enlisted with the 10th Regiment, Virginia Infantry in April 1861 during the American Civil War. He died of disease at home in Strasburg, Virginia, in December 23, 1861. He is buried in Saint Pauls Lutheran Church Cemetery in Strasburg, Shenandoah County, Virginia.","Source: \"Peter Blind Stickley\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/16763248/peter-blind-stickley .","Alexander Way was born in 1826. In October 1851, he married Emeline Seriur (who he calls \"Emy\" in his letters). The couple had at least four children. Prior to the American Civil War, he worked as a bookkeeper. Way enlisted with Company G, 1st New Jersey Volunteer Infantry as a captain in 1861. In 1863, he transferred to Company S and was promoted to major. He was wounded at Wilderness in 1864, and between that and his service at Gaines Farm in 1863, he was brevetted lieutenant colonel in 1865. Following the war, he worked in real estate and insurance. Way died in 1890 and is buried in New Brunswick, New Jersey.","The guide to the Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence was completed in October 2013. The 2017 accession was processed in May 2019.","The Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence consists of 40 letters by 31 soldiers, and the letters date from 1861 and 1862 and were written by soldiers stationed in and around Alexandria and Fairfax counties and Washington, D.C., in the first 12-16 months of the American Civil War. The majority of the letters were written to family members and contain mostly news from home, camp life, and local events. However, most letters also include some piece of war news or battle/skirmish description and opinions about the war. Some letters include transcripts.","This letter was written from William Ash at Camp Griffin, December 22, 1861, during the American Civil War, to his cousin. He writes about recent fighting and news from other regiments.","J. T. Baskin, a Confederate soldier during the American Civil War, wrote a letter to his sister on October 3, 1861, describing the Yankees advance and how they are much stronger. He talks about marching, and the sickness that has traveled through the camp. He also describes some of his daily experiences such as guard duty. Transcript included.","This folder includes three letters written from two brothers to their sister Annie during the American Civil War. The first letter is written from Henry and Luther on August 2, 1861, and is written on stationary with a picture of the United States Capitol on it.  They describe life in their squad, and how their cabin is set up. The second letter was written on August 2, 1861, by brother Henry. Henry describes the weather and his assignments, and he also describes his food that he gets to eat. The third letter was written by brother Henry on October 9, 1861. He describes their location and what is in his haversacks, and he also gives a description of the landscape around him. Transcripts included.","This letter was written by George E. Davis on March 19, 1862 to his Father and Mother, during the American Civil War. On the letter is a picture of George Washington with the inscription \"The Father of our Country.\" He tells his family that as soon as he gets paid he will send money home. He also describes his movement from camp to camp. Transcript included.","This letter was written on November 20, 1861, by William D. Dixon to his wife Martha, during the American Civil War. He says that he hopes to return home soon, and that he sent her money. He then describes the weather and how the cold effects him, but that he is healthy. He also asks her to give messages to several family members. Transcript included.","The folder contain three letters from Clarke S. Edwards to his wife in Bethel, Maryland, written between September and October of 1861 during the American Civil War. He writes about his health, their letters/sending money, regiment activities, and the availability of supplies.","This letter was written from David K. Faulk to his mother from Camp Pierpont, March 2, 1862, during the American Civil War. Faulk describes regimental travels, his recent receipt of pay, and his concern that she shouldn't worry about him.","This letter was written by C. E. Gerry on September 22, 1861, to his friend George, during the American Civil War. He says it will be a quick letter, and that he has has run out of stamps. He describes some of the other \"boys\", and he asks George to write back soon. Transcript included.","This folder contains two letters from Josiah Green to his wife, written from Camp Griffin on December 7 and December 23, 1861, during the American Civil War. Both letters are primarily full of discussions of both of their health, the state of the mail, and some war news Green has picked up.","W. B. Gregory wrote two letters to Bill in 1862. In the first letter which is written on January 29, 1862, during the American Civil War. He describes the delay of mail and how he has not received mail lately. He asks several questions about Bill and Lizzie. He closes the letter by asking Bill to send him some items such as pantaloons, tobacco, and stamps. The second letter was written on March 4, 1862. He starts the letter by discussing by describing life in the quarter. He tells what he has done in the last several weeks, and he closes asking if he can find out if the tailor in Culpeper can make a Confederate uniform coat. Transcripts included.","This letter was written by J. Marshall Guion to his brother from \"Camp Advance,\" September 15, 1861, during the American Civil War. The letter includes Guion's take on recent military and camp activities.","This folder contains a letter from James W. Hanna, written at Camp Pierpont, October 17, 1861, during the American Civil War, to his friend, Richard Lyons. He talks about skirmishing with the Confederate soldiers and how much he is enjoying life in the army.","This folder includes a letter from George Hersum to May, likely his wife, written at Camp California, dated January 1, [1862] (see note below), during the American Civil War. He talks about the slowness of the mail, sending money, and a visit/news about a friend, James W. Dean. ","Please note: The creator dated this letter as 1861, but given that it mentions fighting at Bull Run (First Bull Run), is it more likely from 1862.","This folder contains a letter from Melvin Hunt to his sister, written on October 4, 1861, during the American Civil War. He writes of helping to build a fortress near the capital (complete with a small drawing), sending money home, and his intention to write more. He also includes several lines of poetry.","This folder consists of a letter from G. W. (Whit) Lacaster to Melia, written at Manasses, February 25, 1862, during the American Civil War. He writes of mutual friends, mentions a blockade on the river, and the hope for an early victory.","F. B. Lukens wrote a letter to his mother and father on December 9, 1861, during the American Civil War. The letter is short and he mentions that there is a man missing who has not been found. He talks about a woman who is a Secessionist and her slaves. He closes by asking them to write soon. Transcript included. A second letter, donated in 2017, was written his brother from Virginia, September 1861, and discusses regiment news and a recent skirmish, and includes a request for items from home.","This letter, written by Henry Kyger, was to his aunt and cousin, dated October 17, 1861, during the American Civil War. He writes of recent regiment activities, the location of the Confederate Army, his approval of General McClellan, and the destruction of the nearby countryside.","This letter is written by Henry Miller to his friend on October 13, 1861, during the American Civil War. He says we spend most of our time cutting down trees. He describes their his daily tasks and military procedures. He closes by saying they are camped 12 miles outside of Washington in Virginia. Transcript included.","Melville Nickerson, of the 2nd Maine Infantry, wrote a long letter to his sister on September 21, 1861, during the American Civil War. He starts off the letter saying it will be a long letter, and then on September 24th he adds that he had not had a chance to write again because he was on duty and the rest of the letter is added on then. He has been working on cutting down trees so they have better range with their guns. The letter is written with an old fashioned quill pen. He describes some of the other letters he has received. He also talks about his travel through Boston. Transcript included.","Abraham Penman wrote a letter to his wife on October 13, 1861, during the American Civil War. He says there numbers are increasing daily, and describes how their camp is set up. On the 14th, he adds he received a letter from her and is happy that everything is going well at home.","J.C. Rappleyea wrote a letter to his mother on February 16, 1862, during the American Civil War, and also included with this letter is the envelope it was mailed in. He tells his mother about the weather and his location, and says he is happy she made it safely to his Uncle Josey's. He says they may be ordered to move to Kentucky soon and if so he will see fighting. The next time he is paid he will send some to his mother. He closes by saying he must go to church and includes a verse from a hymn.","Peter Stewart's letter is to his sister and was written on September 18, 1861, during the American Civil War. He says he is in good health but ahs not written often because the company has had hard times. He mentions Bull Run. He describes a skirmish, and mentions William and his good health. He closes by saying he hopes the war doesn't last much longer and that he has to go back to work.","This folder contains a letter from Peter Stickley to his parents and family, dated August 13, 1861, during the American Civil War, from Fairfax Station, Virginia. Stickley writes of the weather, his regiment's location, the availabilty of supplies, regiment life, and things he would like from home.","Reuben Turrill's letter is written to his Uncle and Aunt Covill on March 7, 1862, during American Civil War. He describes the brigade drill he has been participating in, and says they should receive orders soon. He says he likes being a soldier more than he thought he would, but still it is not the life he wants. The envelope is included with the letter. Transcript Included.","Abraham Van Fleet wrote two letters to his parents in September 1861 during American Civil War. The first letter was written on September 10, 1861, and the envelope is included with the letter. He describe his daily duties such as picket guard, and says the rebels fired cannons at them. He says as soon as he gets his pay he will send as much as he can spare to them. The second letter was written on September 30, 1861. He says that they have possession of Rebel entrenchments and describes how they got them. He says he also sent them the Baltimore Clipper which describes how they took the Hills. Transcripts included.","This folder includes four letters from Alexander Way to his wife, Emy, written between September and December 1861, during the American Civil War. He writes about his concerns for her and their children, exchanges of mail/packages/money, and regiment orders and activites (including visiting a captured and wounded prisoner in the hospital).","This folder includes a letter from \"David\" to \"Respected Friend Kate,\" from Camp Pierpont, December 10, 1861, during the American Civil War. He writes of his company's health, who is visiting home on furlough, a foraging expedition, and regiment life.","This folder contains a letter from \"Frank\" to his cousin Henry, written from Georgetown on August 5, 1861, during the American Civil War. Frank writes of a visit from someone who fought at Manassas and the details of the battle and family news, especially his uncle's possible plans to sell land.","This letter is written by Jonathan [Unknown] to Sallie and was written on August 26, 1861, during the American Civil War. He starts off saying that he knows she complains he doesn't write often but he writes as often as he could. She wants to visit him, but he says as happy as that would make him there is no where for them to stay. He talks about the clothing she sent him. He says the health of his regiment is not good and several have died of pneumonia. He says that he thinks they will advance on Washington soon. He tells her to give his love to several people. Transcript included.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence consists of 40 letters by 31 soldiers, dated between 1861 and 1862. Letters were written by soldiers stationed in and around Alexandria and Fairfax counties and Washington, D.C., in the first 12-16 months of the American Civil War.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Ash, William (3rd Regiment, Vermont Infantry)","Baskin, J. T.","Cole, Henry","Cole, Luther","Davis, George E. , d.1863 (Company F, Harris Light Cavalry)","Dixon, William D.","Edwards, Clarke S. (Clarke Swett), 1824-1903","Gerry, C. E.","Green, Josiah M.","Gregory, W. B. (William Bartleman), 1829-1887","Guion, J. Marshall, 1822-1891","Hanna, James W.","Hersum, George L. (5th Regiment, New Hampshire Infantry)","Hunt, Melvin (72nd Regiment, New York Infantry)","Lacaster, G. W.","Lukens, Franklin B.  (Company E, 3rd Regiment, New Jersey Infantry)","Kyger, Henry C. (5th Regiment, Wisconsin Infantry)","Miller, Henry","Nickerson, Melville P.  (2nd Regiment, Maine Infantry)","Penman, Abraham (12th Regiment, Pennsylvania Reserve Infantry (41st Volunteers))","Rappleyea, Jeremiah C. (1st Regiment, New Jersey Infantry)","Stewart, Peter (79th NY Highland Guard)","Stickley, Peter B., 1825-1861","Turrill, Reuben","Van Fleet, Abraham","Way, Alexander M. (Alexander Moore), 1826-1890","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2013.029"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Washington (D.C.) -- Maps","Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Washington (D.C.) -- Maps","Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Ash, William (3rd Regiment, Vermont Infantry)","Baskin, J. T.","Cole, Henry","Cole, Luther","Davis, George E. , d.1863 (Company F, Harris Light Cavalry)","Dixon, William D.","Edwards, Clarke S. (Clarke Swett), 1824-1903","Gerry, C. E.","Green, Josiah M.","Gregory, W. B. (William Bartleman), 1829-1887","Guion, J. Marshall, 1822-1891","Hanna, James W.","Hersum, George L. (5th Regiment, New Hampshire Infantry)","Hunt, Melvin (72nd Regiment, New York Infantry)","Lacaster, G. W.","Lukens, Franklin B.  (Company E, 3rd Regiment, New Jersey Infantry)","Kyger, Henry C. (5th Regiment, Wisconsin Infantry)","Miller, Henry","Nickerson, Melville P.  (2nd Regiment, Maine Infantry)","Penman, Abraham (12th Regiment, Pennsylvania Reserve Infantry (41st Volunteers))","Rappleyea, Jeremiah C. (1st Regiment, New Jersey Infantry)","Stewart, Peter (79th NY Highland Guard)","Stickley, Peter B., 1825-1861","Turrill, Reuben","Van Fleet, Abraham","Way, Alexander M. (Alexander Moore), 1826-1890"],"creator_ssim":["Ash, William (3rd Regiment, Vermont Infantry)","Baskin, J. T.","Cole, Henry","Cole, Luther","Davis, George E. , d.1863 (Company F, Harris Light Cavalry)","Dixon, William D.","Edwards, Clarke S. (Clarke Swett), 1824-1903","Gerry, C. E.","Green, Josiah M.","Gregory, W. B. (William Bartleman), 1829-1887","Guion, J. Marshall, 1822-1891","Hanna, James W.","Hersum, George L. (5th Regiment, New Hampshire Infantry)","Hunt, Melvin (72nd Regiment, New York Infantry)","Lacaster, G. W.","Lukens, Franklin B.  (Company E, 3rd Regiment, New Jersey Infantry)","Kyger, Henry C. (5th Regiment, Wisconsin Infantry)","Miller, Henry","Nickerson, Melville P.  (2nd Regiment, Maine Infantry)","Penman, Abraham (12th Regiment, Pennsylvania Reserve Infantry (41st Volunteers))","Rappleyea, Jeremiah C. (1st Regiment, New Jersey Infantry)","Stewart, Peter (79th NY Highland Guard)","Stickley, Peter B., 1825-1861","Turrill, Reuben","Van Fleet, Abraham","Way, Alexander M. (Alexander Moore), 1826-1890"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ash, William (3rd Regiment, Vermont Infantry)","Baskin, J. T.","Cole, Henry","Cole, Luther","Davis, George E. , d.1863 (Company F, Harris Light Cavalry)","Dixon, William D.","Edwards, Clarke S. (Clarke Swett), 1824-1903","Gerry, C. E.","Green, Josiah M.","Gregory, W. B. (William Bartleman), 1829-1887","Guion, J. Marshall, 1822-1891","Hanna, James W.","Hersum, George L. (5th Regiment, New Hampshire Infantry)","Hunt, Melvin (72nd Regiment, New York Infantry)","Lacaster, G. W.","Lukens, Franklin B.  (Company E, 3rd Regiment, New Jersey Infantry)","Kyger, Henry C. (5th Regiment, Wisconsin Infantry)","Miller, Henry","Nickerson, Melville P.  (2nd Regiment, Maine Infantry)","Penman, Abraham (12th Regiment, Pennsylvania Reserve Infantry (41st Volunteers))","Rappleyea, Jeremiah C. (1st Regiment, New Jersey Infantry)","Stewart, Peter (79th NY Highland Guard)","Stickley, Peter B., 1825-1861","Turrill, Reuben","Van Fleet, Abraham","Way, Alexander M. (Alexander Moore), 1826-1890"],"creators_ssim":["Ash, William (3rd Regiment, Vermont Infantry)","Baskin, J. T.","Cole, Henry","Cole, Luther","Davis, George E. , d.1863 (Company F, Harris Light Cavalry)","Dixon, William D.","Edwards, Clarke S. (Clarke Swett), 1824-1903","Gerry, C. E.","Green, Josiah M.","Gregory, W. B. (William Bartleman), 1829-1887","Guion, J. Marshall, 1822-1891","Hanna, James W.","Hersum, George L. (5th Regiment, New Hampshire Infantry)","Hunt, Melvin (72nd Regiment, New York Infantry)","Lacaster, G. W.","Lukens, Franklin B.  (Company E, 3rd Regiment, New Jersey Infantry)","Kyger, Henry C. (5th Regiment, Wisconsin Infantry)","Miller, Henry","Nickerson, Melville P.  (2nd Regiment, Maine Infantry)","Penman, Abraham (12th Regiment, Pennsylvania Reserve Infantry (41st Volunteers))","Rappleyea, Jeremiah C. (1st Regiment, New Jersey Infantry)","Stewart, Peter (79th NY Highland Guard)","Stickley, Peter B., 1825-1861","Turrill, Reuben","Van Fleet, Abraham","Way, Alexander M. (Alexander Moore), 1826-1890"],"places_ssim":["Washington (D.C.) -- Maps","Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence was donated to Special Collections by Michael S. Mitchell in July 2013. An additional 21 letters, as well as a print, were donated to Special Collections in October 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSome letters and transcripts have been digitized and are available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/items/show/2448\"\u003eThis letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Ms2013_029_Alexandria_Cole%28H%2BL%29\"\u003eThis letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Ms2013_029_Alexandria_Cole%28H%29_1861_0802\"\u003eThis letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Ms2013_029_Alexandria_Cole%28H%29_1861_1002\"\u003eThis letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/items/show/2452\"\u003eThis letter  as been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/items/show/2453\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Acc2017-239_EdwardsClarkeS_Letter_1861_0929a\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Acc2017-239_EdwardsClarkeS_Letter_1861_0929env\"\u003eThe envelope has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Acc2017-239_EdwardsClarkeS_Letter_1861_1022a\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Acc2017-239_EdwardsClarkeS_Letter_1861_1025a\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Ms2013_029_Alexandria_Gerry\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Acc2017-239_GreenJosiah_Letter_1861_1223d\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Ms2013_029_Alexandria_Gregory_1862_0129\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Ms2013_029_Alexandria_Gregory_1862_0304\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Acc2017-239_HersumGeorge_Letter_1862_0101a\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Acc2017-239_HuntMelvin_Letter_1861_1004a\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Ms2013_029_Alexandria_Lukens\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Acc2017-239_KygerHenry_Letter_1861_1017a\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Ms2013_029_Alexandria_Miller\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Ms2013_029_Alexandria_Nickerson\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Ms2013_029_Alexandria_Penmen\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Ms2013_029_Alexandria_Rappleyea\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Ms2013_029_Alexandria_Stewart\"\u003eThe collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Ms2013_029_Alexandria_Turrill\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Ms2013_029_Alexandria_VanFleet_1861_0910\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Ms2013_029_Alexandria_VanFleet_1861_0930\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Acc2017-239_WayAlexander_Letter_1861_0927a\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Acc2017-239_WayAlexander_Letter_1861_1224a\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Acc2017-239_WayAlexander_Letter_1861_1224env\"\u003eThe envelope has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Acc2017-239_David_Letter_1861_1210a\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2013-029/Ms2013_029_Alexandria_Jonathan\"\u003eThe letter has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some letters and transcripts have been digitized and are available online.","This letter has been digitized and is available online.","This letter has been digitized and is available online.","This letter has been digitized and is available online.","This letter has been digitized and is available online.","This letter  as been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The envelope has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The collection has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The envelope has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online.","The letter has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is by material type: correspondence then print. The correspondence is arranged alphabetically by creator's surname, with unknown surnames at the end arranged alphabetically by given name.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is by material type: correspondence then print. The correspondence is arranged alphabetically by creator's surname, with unknown surnames at the end arranged alphabetically by given name."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee individual creators in the inventory below for available biographical information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeorge E. Davis enlisted with Company F, Harris Light Cavalry in September 1861, during the American Civil War. He died June 22, 1863, in an Alexandria hospital, from wounds received in action.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClarke S. Edwards was born in 1824. He lived in Bethel, Maine, prior to the start of the American Civil War. After the attack on Fort Sumner, Edwards formed a company of men, eventually Company I, 5th Regiment, Maine Infanry. Edwards began the war with the rank of captain and was later made a colonel in January 1863.  He was brevetted Brigadier General of US Volunteers in March 1865. Following the Civil War, he returned to his farm and family in Maine. He died in 1903.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Bartleman Gregory served as an Assistant Surgeon (and later Surgeon) for several regiments from Alabama and Georgia during the American Civil War. Prior the war, Gregory studied and practiced medicine in Alexandria, Virginia. He returned to Alexandria and resumed his career following his parole in 1865. He died in 1887 and is buried in Alexandria, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: \"Dr William Bartleman Gregory\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/18728501/william-bartleman-gregory\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/18728501/william-bartleman-gregory\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJ. Marshall Guion (1822-1891) served with the 33rd Regiment, New York Volunteers, during the American Civil War. He later transferred to Company K, 1st New York Veteran Cavalry as a captain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFranklin B. Lukens served in Company E of the 3rd Regiment, New Jersey Infantry, during the American Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMelville P. Nickerson served in the 2nd Regiment, Maine Infantry, during the American Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAbraham Penman served in the 12th Regiment, Pennsylvania Reserve Infantry (41st Volunteers), during the American Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJeremiah C. Rappleyea served in the 1st Regiment, New Jersey Infantry, Company H, during the American Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeter Stewart enlisted in the 79th New York Highland Guard with his brother, William, in May 1861, during the American Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeter Stickley was born on November 18, 1825, likely to Jacob H. and Catherine Stickley. He enlisted with the 10th Regiment, Virginia Infantry in April 1861 during the American Civil War. He died of disease at home in Strasburg, Virginia, in December 23, 1861. He is buried in Saint Pauls Lutheran Church Cemetery in Strasburg, Shenandoah County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: \"Peter Blind Stickley\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/16763248/peter-blind-stickley\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/16763248/peter-blind-stickley\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexander Way was born in 1826. In October 1851, he married Emeline Seriur (who he calls \"Emy\" in his letters). The couple had at least four children. Prior to the American Civil War, he worked as a bookkeeper. Way enlisted with Company G, 1st New Jersey Volunteer Infantry as a captain in 1861. In 1863, he transferred to Company S and was promoted to major. He was wounded at Wilderness in 1864, and between that and his service at Gaines Farm in 1863, he was brevetted lieutenant colonel in 1865. Following the war, he worked in real estate and insurance. Way died in 1890 and is buried in New Brunswick, New Jersey.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Biographical Note","Biographical Note","Biographical Note","Biographical Note","Biographical Note","Biographical Note","Biographical Note","Biographical Note","Biographical Note","Biographical Note","Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["See individual creators in the inventory below for available biographical information.","George E. Davis enlisted with Company F, Harris Light Cavalry in September 1861, during the American Civil War. He died June 22, 1863, in an Alexandria hospital, from wounds received in action.","Clarke S. Edwards was born in 1824. He lived in Bethel, Maine, prior to the start of the American Civil War. After the attack on Fort Sumner, Edwards formed a company of men, eventually Company I, 5th Regiment, Maine Infanry. Edwards began the war with the rank of captain and was later made a colonel in January 1863.  He was brevetted Brigadier General of US Volunteers in March 1865. Following the Civil War, he returned to his farm and family in Maine. He died in 1903.","William Bartleman Gregory served as an Assistant Surgeon (and later Surgeon) for several regiments from Alabama and Georgia during the American Civil War. Prior the war, Gregory studied and practiced medicine in Alexandria, Virginia. He returned to Alexandria and resumed his career following his parole in 1865. He died in 1887 and is buried in Alexandria, Virginia. ","Source: \"Dr William Bartleman Gregory\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/18728501/william-bartleman-gregory .","J. Marshall Guion (1822-1891) served with the 33rd Regiment, New York Volunteers, during the American Civil War. He later transferred to Company K, 1st New York Veteran Cavalry as a captain.","Franklin B. Lukens served in Company E of the 3rd Regiment, New Jersey Infantry, during the American Civil War.","Melville P. Nickerson served in the 2nd Regiment, Maine Infantry, during the American Civil War.","Abraham Penman served in the 12th Regiment, Pennsylvania Reserve Infantry (41st Volunteers), during the American Civil War.","Jeremiah C. Rappleyea served in the 1st Regiment, New Jersey Infantry, Company H, during the American Civil War.","Peter Stewart enlisted in the 79th New York Highland Guard with his brother, William, in May 1861, during the American Civil War.","Peter Stickley was born on November 18, 1825, likely to Jacob H. and Catherine Stickley. He enlisted with the 10th Regiment, Virginia Infantry in April 1861 during the American Civil War. He died of disease at home in Strasburg, Virginia, in December 23, 1861. He is buried in Saint Pauls Lutheran Church Cemetery in Strasburg, Shenandoah County, Virginia.","Source: \"Peter Blind Stickley\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/16763248/peter-blind-stickley .","Alexander Way was born in 1826. In October 1851, he married Emeline Seriur (who he calls \"Emy\" in his letters). The couple had at least four children. Prior to the American Civil War, he worked as a bookkeeper. Way enlisted with Company G, 1st New Jersey Volunteer Infantry as a captain in 1861. In 1863, he transferred to Company S and was promoted to major. He was wounded at Wilderness in 1864, and between that and his service at Gaines Farm in 1863, he was brevetted lieutenant colonel in 1865. Following the war, he worked in real estate and insurance. Way died in 1890 and is buried in New Brunswick, New Jersey."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence, Ms2013-029, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence, Ms2013-029, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence was completed in October 2013. The 2017 accession was processed in May 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence was completed in October 2013. The 2017 accession was processed in May 2019."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence consists of 40 letters by 31 soldiers, and the letters date from 1861 and 1862 and were written by soldiers stationed in and around Alexandria and Fairfax counties and Washington, D.C., in the first 12-16 months of the American Civil War. The majority of the letters were written to family members and contain mostly news from home, camp life, and local events. However, most letters also include some piece of war news or battle/skirmish description and opinions about the war. Some letters include transcripts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis letter was written from William Ash at Camp Griffin, December 22, 1861, during the American Civil War, to his cousin. He writes about recent fighting and news from other regiments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJ. T. Baskin, a Confederate soldier during the American Civil War, wrote a letter to his sister on October 3, 1861, describing the Yankees advance and how they are much stronger. He talks about marching, and the sickness that has traveled through the camp. He also describes some of his daily experiences such as guard duty. Transcript included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes three letters written from two brothers to their sister Annie during the American Civil War. The first letter is written from Henry and Luther on August 2, 1861, and is written on stationary with a picture of the United States Capitol on it.  They describe life in their squad, and how their cabin is set up. The second letter was written on August 2, 1861, by brother Henry. Henry describes the weather and his assignments, and he also describes his food that he gets to eat. The third letter was written by brother Henry on October 9, 1861. He describes their location and what is in his haversacks, and he also gives a description of the landscape around him. Transcripts included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis letter was written by George E. Davis on March 19, 1862 to his Father and Mother, during the American Civil War. On the letter is a picture of George Washington with the inscription \"The Father of our Country.\" He tells his family that as soon as he gets paid he will send money home. He also describes his movement from camp to camp. Transcript included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis letter was written on November 20, 1861, by William D. Dixon to his wife Martha, during the American Civil War. He says that he hopes to return home soon, and that he sent her money. He then describes the weather and how the cold effects him, but that he is healthy. He also asks her to give messages to several family members. Transcript included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contain three letters from Clarke S. Edwards to his wife in Bethel, Maryland, written between September and October of 1861 during the American Civil War. He writes about his health, their letters/sending money, regiment activities, and the availability of supplies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis letter was written from David K. Faulk to his mother from Camp Pierpont, March 2, 1862, during the American Civil War. Faulk describes regimental travels, his recent receipt of pay, and his concern that she shouldn't worry about him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis letter was written by C. E. Gerry on September 22, 1861, to his friend George, during the American Civil War. He says it will be a quick letter, and that he has has run out of stamps. He describes some of the other \"boys\", and he asks George to write back soon. Transcript included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains two letters from Josiah Green to his wife, written from Camp Griffin on December 7 and December 23, 1861, during the American Civil War. Both letters are primarily full of discussions of both of their health, the state of the mail, and some war news Green has picked up.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eW. B. Gregory wrote two letters to Bill in 1862. In the first letter which is written on January 29, 1862, during the American Civil War. He describes the delay of mail and how he has not received mail lately. He asks several questions about Bill and Lizzie. He closes the letter by asking Bill to send him some items such as pantaloons, tobacco, and stamps. The second letter was written on March 4, 1862. He starts the letter by discussing by describing life in the quarter. He tells what he has done in the last several weeks, and he closes asking if he can find out if the tailor in Culpeper can make a Confederate uniform coat. Transcripts included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis letter was written by J. Marshall Guion to his brother from \"Camp Advance,\" September 15, 1861, during the American Civil War. The letter includes Guion's take on recent military and camp activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a letter from James W. Hanna, written at Camp Pierpont, October 17, 1861, during the American Civil War, to his friend, Richard Lyons. He talks about skirmishing with the Confederate soldiers and how much he is enjoying life in the army.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes a letter from George Hersum to May, likely his wife, written at Camp California, dated January 1, [1862] (see note below), during the American Civil War. He talks about the slowness of the mail, sending money, and a visit/news about a friend, James W. Dean. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note: The creator dated this letter as 1861, but given that it mentions fighting at Bull Run (First Bull Run), is it more likely from 1862.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a letter from Melvin Hunt to his sister, written on October 4, 1861, during the American Civil War. He writes of helping to build a fortress near the capital (complete with a small drawing), sending money home, and his intention to write more. He also includes several lines of poetry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder consists of a letter from G. W. (Whit) Lacaster to Melia, written at Manasses, February 25, 1862, during the American Civil War. He writes of mutual friends, mentions a blockade on the river, and the hope for an early victory.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eF. B. Lukens wrote a letter to his mother and father on December 9, 1861, during the American Civil War. The letter is short and he mentions that there is a man missing who has not been found. He talks about a woman who is a Secessionist and her slaves. He closes by asking them to write soon. Transcript included. A second letter, donated in 2017, was written his brother from Virginia, September 1861, and discusses regiment news and a recent skirmish, and includes a request for items from home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis letter, written by Henry Kyger, was to his aunt and cousin, dated October 17, 1861, during the American Civil War. He writes of recent regiment activities, the location of the Confederate Army, his approval of General McClellan, and the destruction of the nearby countryside.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis letter is written by Henry Miller to his friend on October 13, 1861, during the American Civil War. He says we spend most of our time cutting down trees. He describes their his daily tasks and military procedures. He closes by saying they are camped 12 miles outside of Washington in Virginia. Transcript included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMelville Nickerson, of the 2nd Maine Infantry, wrote a long letter to his sister on September 21, 1861, during the American Civil War. He starts off the letter saying it will be a long letter, and then on September 24th he adds that he had not had a chance to write again because he was on duty and the rest of the letter is added on then. He has been working on cutting down trees so they have better range with their guns. The letter is written with an old fashioned quill pen. He describes some of the other letters he has received. He also talks about his travel through Boston. Transcript included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAbraham Penman wrote a letter to his wife on October 13, 1861, during the American Civil War. He says there numbers are increasing daily, and describes how their camp is set up. On the 14th, he adds he received a letter from her and is happy that everything is going well at home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJ.C. Rappleyea wrote a letter to his mother on February 16, 1862, during the American Civil War, and also included with this letter is the envelope it was mailed in. He tells his mother about the weather and his location, and says he is happy she made it safely to his Uncle Josey's. He says they may be ordered to move to Kentucky soon and if so he will see fighting. The next time he is paid he will send some to his mother. He closes by saying he must go to church and includes a verse from a hymn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeter Stewart's letter is to his sister and was written on September 18, 1861, during the American Civil War. He says he is in good health but ahs not written often because the company has had hard times. He mentions Bull Run. He describes a skirmish, and mentions William and his good health. He closes by saying he hopes the war doesn't last much longer and that he has to go back to work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a letter from Peter Stickley to his parents and family, dated August 13, 1861, during the American Civil War, from Fairfax Station, Virginia. Stickley writes of the weather, his regiment's location, the availabilty of supplies, regiment life, and things he would like from home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReuben Turrill's letter is written to his Uncle and Aunt Covill on March 7, 1862, during American Civil War. He describes the brigade drill he has been participating in, and says they should receive orders soon. He says he likes being a soldier more than he thought he would, but still it is not the life he wants. The envelope is included with the letter. Transcript Included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAbraham Van Fleet wrote two letters to his parents in September 1861 during American Civil War. The first letter was written on September 10, 1861, and the envelope is included with the letter. He describe his daily duties such as picket guard, and says the rebels fired cannons at them. He says as soon as he gets his pay he will send as much as he can spare to them. The second letter was written on September 30, 1861. He says that they have possession of Rebel entrenchments and describes how they got them. He says he also sent them the Baltimore Clipper which describes how they took the Hills. Transcripts included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes four letters from Alexander Way to his wife, Emy, written between September and December 1861, during the American Civil War. He writes about his concerns for her and their children, exchanges of mail/packages/money, and regiment orders and activites (including visiting a captured and wounded prisoner in the hospital).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes a letter from \"David\" to \"Respected Friend Kate,\" from Camp Pierpont, December 10, 1861, during the American Civil War. He writes of his company's health, who is visiting home on furlough, a foraging expedition, and regiment life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a letter from \"Frank\" to his cousin Henry, written from Georgetown on August 5, 1861, during the American Civil War. Frank writes of a visit from someone who fought at Manassas and the details of the battle and family news, especially his uncle's possible plans to sell land.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis letter is written by Jonathan [Unknown] to Sallie and was written on August 26, 1861, during the American Civil War. He starts off saying that he knows she complains he doesn't write often but he writes as often as he could. She wants to visit him, but he says as happy as that would make him there is no where for them to stay. He talks about the clothing she sent him. He says the health of his regiment is not good and several have died of pneumonia. He says that he thinks they will advance on Washington soon. He tells her to give his love to several people. Transcript included.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence consists of 40 letters by 31 soldiers, and the letters date from 1861 and 1862 and were written by soldiers stationed in and around Alexandria and Fairfax counties and Washington, D.C., in the first 12-16 months of the American Civil War. The majority of the letters were written to family members and contain mostly news from home, camp life, and local events. However, most letters also include some piece of war news or battle/skirmish description and opinions about the war. Some letters include transcripts.","This letter was written from William Ash at Camp Griffin, December 22, 1861, during the American Civil War, to his cousin. He writes about recent fighting and news from other regiments.","J. T. Baskin, a Confederate soldier during the American Civil War, wrote a letter to his sister on October 3, 1861, describing the Yankees advance and how they are much stronger. He talks about marching, and the sickness that has traveled through the camp. He also describes some of his daily experiences such as guard duty. Transcript included.","This folder includes three letters written from two brothers to their sister Annie during the American Civil War. The first letter is written from Henry and Luther on August 2, 1861, and is written on stationary with a picture of the United States Capitol on it.  They describe life in their squad, and how their cabin is set up. The second letter was written on August 2, 1861, by brother Henry. Henry describes the weather and his assignments, and he also describes his food that he gets to eat. The third letter was written by brother Henry on October 9, 1861. He describes their location and what is in his haversacks, and he also gives a description of the landscape around him. Transcripts included.","This letter was written by George E. Davis on March 19, 1862 to his Father and Mother, during the American Civil War. On the letter is a picture of George Washington with the inscription \"The Father of our Country.\" He tells his family that as soon as he gets paid he will send money home. He also describes his movement from camp to camp. Transcript included.","This letter was written on November 20, 1861, by William D. Dixon to his wife Martha, during the American Civil War. He says that he hopes to return home soon, and that he sent her money. He then describes the weather and how the cold effects him, but that he is healthy. He also asks her to give messages to several family members. Transcript included.","The folder contain three letters from Clarke S. Edwards to his wife in Bethel, Maryland, written between September and October of 1861 during the American Civil War. He writes about his health, their letters/sending money, regiment activities, and the availability of supplies.","This letter was written from David K. Faulk to his mother from Camp Pierpont, March 2, 1862, during the American Civil War. Faulk describes regimental travels, his recent receipt of pay, and his concern that she shouldn't worry about him.","This letter was written by C. E. Gerry on September 22, 1861, to his friend George, during the American Civil War. He says it will be a quick letter, and that he has has run out of stamps. He describes some of the other \"boys\", and he asks George to write back soon. Transcript included.","This folder contains two letters from Josiah Green to his wife, written from Camp Griffin on December 7 and December 23, 1861, during the American Civil War. Both letters are primarily full of discussions of both of their health, the state of the mail, and some war news Green has picked up.","W. B. Gregory wrote two letters to Bill in 1862. In the first letter which is written on January 29, 1862, during the American Civil War. He describes the delay of mail and how he has not received mail lately. He asks several questions about Bill and Lizzie. He closes the letter by asking Bill to send him some items such as pantaloons, tobacco, and stamps. The second letter was written on March 4, 1862. He starts the letter by discussing by describing life in the quarter. He tells what he has done in the last several weeks, and he closes asking if he can find out if the tailor in Culpeper can make a Confederate uniform coat. Transcripts included.","This letter was written by J. Marshall Guion to his brother from \"Camp Advance,\" September 15, 1861, during the American Civil War. The letter includes Guion's take on recent military and camp activities.","This folder contains a letter from James W. Hanna, written at Camp Pierpont, October 17, 1861, during the American Civil War, to his friend, Richard Lyons. He talks about skirmishing with the Confederate soldiers and how much he is enjoying life in the army.","This folder includes a letter from George Hersum to May, likely his wife, written at Camp California, dated January 1, [1862] (see note below), during the American Civil War. He talks about the slowness of the mail, sending money, and a visit/news about a friend, James W. Dean. ","Please note: The creator dated this letter as 1861, but given that it mentions fighting at Bull Run (First Bull Run), is it more likely from 1862.","This folder contains a letter from Melvin Hunt to his sister, written on October 4, 1861, during the American Civil War. He writes of helping to build a fortress near the capital (complete with a small drawing), sending money home, and his intention to write more. He also includes several lines of poetry.","This folder consists of a letter from G. W. (Whit) Lacaster to Melia, written at Manasses, February 25, 1862, during the American Civil War. He writes of mutual friends, mentions a blockade on the river, and the hope for an early victory.","F. B. Lukens wrote a letter to his mother and father on December 9, 1861, during the American Civil War. The letter is short and he mentions that there is a man missing who has not been found. He talks about a woman who is a Secessionist and her slaves. He closes by asking them to write soon. Transcript included. A second letter, donated in 2017, was written his brother from Virginia, September 1861, and discusses regiment news and a recent skirmish, and includes a request for items from home.","This letter, written by Henry Kyger, was to his aunt and cousin, dated October 17, 1861, during the American Civil War. He writes of recent regiment activities, the location of the Confederate Army, his approval of General McClellan, and the destruction of the nearby countryside.","This letter is written by Henry Miller to his friend on October 13, 1861, during the American Civil War. He says we spend most of our time cutting down trees. He describes their his daily tasks and military procedures. He closes by saying they are camped 12 miles outside of Washington in Virginia. Transcript included.","Melville Nickerson, of the 2nd Maine Infantry, wrote a long letter to his sister on September 21, 1861, during the American Civil War. He starts off the letter saying it will be a long letter, and then on September 24th he adds that he had not had a chance to write again because he was on duty and the rest of the letter is added on then. He has been working on cutting down trees so they have better range with their guns. The letter is written with an old fashioned quill pen. He describes some of the other letters he has received. He also talks about his travel through Boston. Transcript included.","Abraham Penman wrote a letter to his wife on October 13, 1861, during the American Civil War. He says there numbers are increasing daily, and describes how their camp is set up. On the 14th, he adds he received a letter from her and is happy that everything is going well at home.","J.C. Rappleyea wrote a letter to his mother on February 16, 1862, during the American Civil War, and also included with this letter is the envelope it was mailed in. He tells his mother about the weather and his location, and says he is happy she made it safely to his Uncle Josey's. He says they may be ordered to move to Kentucky soon and if so he will see fighting. The next time he is paid he will send some to his mother. He closes by saying he must go to church and includes a verse from a hymn.","Peter Stewart's letter is to his sister and was written on September 18, 1861, during the American Civil War. He says he is in good health but ahs not written often because the company has had hard times. He mentions Bull Run. He describes a skirmish, and mentions William and his good health. He closes by saying he hopes the war doesn't last much longer and that he has to go back to work.","This folder contains a letter from Peter Stickley to his parents and family, dated August 13, 1861, during the American Civil War, from Fairfax Station, Virginia. Stickley writes of the weather, his regiment's location, the availabilty of supplies, regiment life, and things he would like from home.","Reuben Turrill's letter is written to his Uncle and Aunt Covill on March 7, 1862, during American Civil War. He describes the brigade drill he has been participating in, and says they should receive orders soon. He says he likes being a soldier more than he thought he would, but still it is not the life he wants. The envelope is included with the letter. Transcript Included.","Abraham Van Fleet wrote two letters to his parents in September 1861 during American Civil War. The first letter was written on September 10, 1861, and the envelope is included with the letter. He describe his daily duties such as picket guard, and says the rebels fired cannons at them. He says as soon as he gets his pay he will send as much as he can spare to them. The second letter was written on September 30, 1861. He says that they have possession of Rebel entrenchments and describes how they got them. He says he also sent them the Baltimore Clipper which describes how they took the Hills. Transcripts included.","This folder includes four letters from Alexander Way to his wife, Emy, written between September and December 1861, during the American Civil War. He writes about his concerns for her and their children, exchanges of mail/packages/money, and regiment orders and activites (including visiting a captured and wounded prisoner in the hospital).","This folder includes a letter from \"David\" to \"Respected Friend Kate,\" from Camp Pierpont, December 10, 1861, during the American Civil War. He writes of his company's health, who is visiting home on furlough, a foraging expedition, and regiment life.","This folder contains a letter from \"Frank\" to his cousin Henry, written from Georgetown on August 5, 1861, during the American Civil War. Frank writes of a visit from someone who fought at Manassas and the details of the battle and family news, especially his uncle's possible plans to sell land.","This letter is written by Jonathan [Unknown] to Sallie and was written on August 26, 1861, during the American Civil War. He starts off saying that he knows she complains he doesn't write often but he writes as often as he could. She wants to visit him, but he says as happy as that would make him there is no where for them to stay. He talks about the clothing she sent him. He says the health of his regiment is not good and several have died of pneumonia. He says that he thinks they will advance on Washington soon. He tells her to give his love to several people. Transcript included."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_df0f98cd2e10d91eef1031af2aa1e2e3\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence consists of 40 letters by 31 soldiers, dated between 1861 and 1862. Letters were written by soldiers stationed in and around Alexandria and Fairfax counties and Washington, D.C., in the first 12-16 months of the American Civil War.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Alexandria and Fairfax Counties [Virginia] Civil War Correspondence consists of 40 letters by 31 soldiers, dated between 1861 and 1862. Letters were written by soldiers stationed in and around Alexandria and Fairfax counties and Washington, D.C., in the first 12-16 months of the American Civil War."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Ash, William (3rd Regiment, Vermont Infantry)","Baskin, J. T.","Cole, Henry","Cole, Luther","Davis, George E. , d.1863 (Company F, Harris Light Cavalry)","Dixon, William D.","Edwards, Clarke S. (Clarke Swett), 1824-1903","Gerry, C. E.","Green, Josiah M.","Gregory, W. B. (William Bartleman), 1829-1887","Guion, J. Marshall, 1822-1891","Hanna, James W.","Hersum, George L. (5th Regiment, New Hampshire Infantry)","Hunt, Melvin (72nd Regiment, New York Infantry)","Lacaster, G. W.","Lukens, Franklin B.  (Company E, 3rd Regiment, New Jersey Infantry)","Kyger, Henry C. (5th Regiment, Wisconsin Infantry)","Miller, Henry","Nickerson, Melville P.  (2nd Regiment, Maine Infantry)","Penman, Abraham (12th Regiment, Pennsylvania Reserve Infantry (41st Volunteers))","Rappleyea, Jeremiah C. (1st Regiment, New Jersey Infantry)","Stewart, Peter (79th NY Highland Guard)","Stickley, Peter B., 1825-1861","Turrill, Reuben","Van Fleet, Abraham","Way, Alexander M. (Alexander Moore), 1826-1890"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Ash, William (3rd Regiment, Vermont Infantry)","Baskin, J. T.","Cole, Henry","Cole, Luther","Davis, George E. , d.1863 (Company F, Harris Light Cavalry)","Dixon, William D.","Edwards, Clarke S. (Clarke Swett), 1824-1903","Gerry, C. E.","Green, Josiah M.","Gregory, W. B. (William Bartleman), 1829-1887","Guion, J. Marshall, 1822-1891","Hanna, James W.","Hersum, George L. (5th Regiment, New Hampshire Infantry)","Hunt, Melvin (72nd Regiment, New York Infantry)","Lacaster, G. W.","Lukens, Franklin B.  (Company E, 3rd Regiment, New Jersey Infantry)","Kyger, Henry C. (5th Regiment, Wisconsin Infantry)","Miller, Henry","Nickerson, Melville P.  (2nd Regiment, Maine Infantry)","Penman, Abraham (12th Regiment, Pennsylvania Reserve Infantry (41st Volunteers))","Rappleyea, Jeremiah C. (1st Regiment, New Jersey Infantry)","Stewart, Peter (79th NY Highland Guard)","Stickley, Peter B., 1825-1861","Turrill, Reuben","Van Fleet, Abraham","Way, Alexander M. (Alexander Moore), 1826-1890"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":48,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:12:37.448Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2869_c03"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1074","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1074#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors. J. H. Colton, 1861. 18 x 28 in. [FOLDER J-9]. Contains 24 individual inset maps of coastal and inland harbors in the U. S.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1074#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1074","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1074","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1074","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1074","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1074.xml","title_ssm":["Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors"],"title_tesim":["Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Map.0716"],"text":["Map.0716","Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps","Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors. J. H. Colton, 1861. 18 x 28 in. [FOLDER J-9]. Contains 24 individual inset maps of coastal and inland harbors in the U. S.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Map.0716"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors"],"collection_title_tesim":["Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors"],"collection_ssim":["Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 28 x 18 in."],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 28 x 18 in."],"date_range_isim":[1861],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f4ec503925f937d391fc4053510cca66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eColton's Plans of U.S. Harbors. J. H. Colton, 1861. 18 x 28 in. [FOLDER J-9]. Contains 24 individual inset maps of coastal and inland harbors in the U. S.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors. J. H. Colton, 1861. 18 x 28 in. [FOLDER J-9]. Contains 24 individual inset maps of coastal and inland harbors in the U. S."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:26:01.919Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1074","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1074","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1074","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1074","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1074.xml","title_ssm":["Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors"],"title_tesim":["Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Map.0716"],"text":["Map.0716","Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps","Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors. J. H. Colton, 1861. 18 x 28 in. [FOLDER J-9]. Contains 24 individual inset maps of coastal and inland harbors in the U. S.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Map.0716"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors"],"collection_title_tesim":["Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors"],"collection_ssim":["Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 28 x 18 in."],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 28 x 18 in."],"date_range_isim":[1861],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f4ec503925f937d391fc4053510cca66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eColton's Plans of U.S. Harbors. J. H. Colton, 1861. 18 x 28 in. [FOLDER J-9]. Contains 24 individual inset maps of coastal and inland harbors in the U. S.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Colton's Plans of U.S. Harbors. J. H. Colton, 1861. 18 x 28 in. [FOLDER J-9]. Contains 24 individual inset maps of coastal and inland harbors in the U. S."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:26:01.919Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1074"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540_c03_c03_c03","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Commission to Captain of Light Infantry in the 75th Regiment for John T. Radford from John Letcher","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540_c03_c03_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540_c03_c03_c03","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540_c03_c03_c03"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540_c03_c03_c03","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540_c03_c03","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540_c03_c03","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540_c03","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540_c03_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540_c03","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540_c03_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Wharton and Radford Families Papers","Series III. Military","Subseries C: Commission, Enlistment, and Transfer Requests"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Wharton and Radford Families Papers","Series III. Military","Subseries C: Commission, Enlistment, and Transfer Requests"],"text":["Wharton and Radford Families Papers","Series III. Military","Subseries C: Commission, Enlistment, and Transfer Requests","Commission to Captain of Light Infantry in the 75th Regiment for John T. Radford from John Letcher","box 3","folder 30"],"title_filing_ssi":"Commission to Captain of Light Infantry in the 75th Regiment for John T. Radford from John Letcher","title_ssm":["Commission to Captain of Light Infantry in the 75th Regiment for John T. Radford from John Letcher"],"title_tesim":["Commission to Captain of Light Infantry in the 75th Regiment for John T. Radford from John Letcher"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["June 13, 1861"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Commission to Captain of Light Infantry in the 75th Regiment for John T. Radford from John Letcher"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Wharton and Radford Families Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":1253,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1861],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 30"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#2/components#2","timestamp":"2026-05-29T07:05:00.759Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4540.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Wharton and Radford Families Papers","title_ssm":["Wharton and Radford Families Papers"],"title_tesim":["Wharton and Radford Families Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1783-1906"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1783-1906"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2025.074","/repositories/2/resources/4540"],"text":["Ms.2025.074","/repositories/2/resources/4540","Wharton and Radford Families Papers","Montgomery County (Va.)","Radford (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Confederate States of America","Confederate States of America -- Army -- Recruiting, enlistment, etc.","Slavery -- United States","Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)","The collection is open for research.","Subseries A: Gabriel C. and Nannie (Radford) Wharton, 1863-1865. Arranged chronologically, this subseries includes correspondence between Gabriel C. and Nannie (Radford) Wharton, both during their engagement and after their marriage.  Subseries B: Gabriel C. Wharton Incoming Correspondence, 1842-1905. Subseries C: Gabriel C. Wharton Outgoing Correspondence, 1842-1874. Subseries D: Nannie (Radford) Wharton Incoming Correspondence, 1861-1865. Subseries E: Nannie (Radford) Wharton Outgoing Correspondence, 1861-1863. Subseries F: Radford Family, 1826-1900. Subseries G: Wharton Family, 1846-1864. Subseries H: External Correspondence, 1797-1887. Materials in this subseries are arranged alphabetically by author with the exception of materials relating to the Taylor family, which are grouped together for easier access.","Subseries A: Receipts, Invoices, and Promissory Notes, 1813-1865. Subseries B: Land Grants and Deeds, 1783-1859. Subseries C: Enslaved Persons Documents, 1855-1857. Subseries D: Legal Documents, 1845-1865.","Subseries A: Orders, 1861-1864. Subseries B: Roll Calls and Reports, 1861-1864, 1902. Subseries C: Commission, Enlistment, and Transfer Requests, 1848-1864. Subseries D: Passes, 1863-1865.","Subseries A: Education, 1822-1862. Subseries B: Newspaper Clippings, 1842, 1904, 1906. Subseries C: Ephemera, 1851-1902.","The Wharton and Radford families were prominent figures in Southwest Virginia, especially during the 19th century. Dr. John B. Radford is the namesake of Radford, Virginia. Both families had a hand in shaping Southwestern Virginia and leave a lasting legacy.","Gabriel Colvin Wharton (GCW) was born on July 23, 1824 in Culpepper, Virginia, to parents John Redd and Eliza Colvin Wharton. Gabriel (or, often, Gabe) attended private school and multiple academies before enrolling in the Virginia Military Institute in 1845. He graduated with distinction only two years later in 1847. Immediately after graduating, Gabriel held a number of teaching positions, tutoring children in Latin, French, math, and English. A year later, he took a job with the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, getting promoted soon after. By late 1856, Gabriel was chief engineer of the Washington and Alexandria Railroad. He worked in the southwestern United States as a civil engineer from 1857 to 1859 surveying possible road routes. Gabriel continued to work as a civil engineer, often surveying possible road routes until the beginning of the American Civil War. While he was not a staunch secessionist, he did support the economic and social institution of slavery.  A Virginia loyalist and slaveholder, Gabriel held the idea that secession was necessary if state rights were oppressed. In April of 1861, he travelled to Richmond and began working as a lieutenant of engineers, making topographical surveys to assist in siting and erecting fortifications. Gabriel soon became Major Wharton, then Colonel, organizing regiments and marching into battle with General Floyd. ","Anne Rebecca \"Nannie\" Radford was born on August 15, 1843 in the New River Valley of southwestern Virginia to parents Dr. John Blair Radford and Elizabeth Campbell Taylor Radford. Nannie enjoyed a privileged upbringing, attending school in Salem, Virginia, and later at Cedar Hill Academy in Montgomery County. The Radford family was well-off; Dr. Radford owned 68 enslaved people and had a net worth of almost $65,000 by 1863. Once the war began, Nannie herself was a staunch supporter of the Confederate cause. ","In early 1863, a friend introduced Nannie to Gabriel. By May 14, 1863, they were married. Soon after, he was promoted to brigadier general, effective July 8, 1863. Nannie and Gabriel had one child together, a son named William (Willie). Gabriel continued to serve in the Confederate forces, participating in operations in both the Western and Eastern Theaters, commanding divisions and brigades, and fighting in battles such as Cold Harbor, Monocacy, Cedar Creek, and Waynesboro. On June 4, 1865, Gabriel was paroled from Lynchburg, Virginia.","After the war, Gabriel went back to work at the railroad, overseeing the rebuilding of bridges damaged during the war. After a string of financial troubles, Gabriel ran for a seat in the House of Delegates, becoming a legislator in the Virginia General Assembly in 1871. During his time as state legislator, he helped establish the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, serving as a member of the Board of Visitors. Gabriel continued to run into business and financial trouble, borrowing money to start businesses like mills, hotels, and newspapers that failed, requiring the Whartons to sell or rent out much of their land to repay their debts. Nannie, frequently depressed and anxious about the state of their finances, managed their affairs when Gabriel went out West again in 1885 to work as an inspector of surveyors general and district land offices for the General Land Office in Washington. He continued to work away from home for the next few years, only returning to southwestern Virginia in 1889. On April 15th of the following year, Nannie died at the age of 46 after a long period of illness and emotional turmoil, most likely connected to earlier liver and bladder problems. After another failed business attempt, Gabriel ran for (and won) a seat in the Virginia House of Delegates in 1897, supporting coining gold and silver, education, and state pensions for Confederate veterans. After dropping from the race the following term, Gabriel began to be more active in Confederate veterans' affairs, still struggling with his own debts. Gabriel seemed to care more about preserving the history of the war than continuing it. On May 11, 1906, he passed away at the age of 80.","The Wharton and Radford families held many enslaved people over the years, including Emeline Pate and Tim Lewis. Emeline and Tim entered a slave marriage in 1858. Purchased by Nannie's uncle James L. Taylor in 1856, Emeline acted as Nannie's personal servant when Taylor died. Also after Taylor died, Tim went with John Radford in 1861 when he went to war. When Nannie and Gabriel were married, Tim and Emeline were given to them as a wedding present. Like Tim did with John Radford, he waited on Gabriel while he was away in the army. Little is known about how Tim and Emeline felt or what they thought about events in their lives, as we only have Nannie and Gabriel's interpretation. Tim and Emeline remained closely involved with the Whartons through the end of the war and after. Sometime in 1864, Tim began to go by William. When Nannie and Gabriel had their son, Emeline took over much of his care. Towards the end of the war, Gabriel told William that if he ever wanted to leave, that he would provide a horse, money, and a pass for William to go north \"as a man\" rather than sneaking away. After the war, like many freed people, William and Emeline stayed on with the Whartons working for wages. They legally reaffirmed their marriage in 1866, living next door to the Whartons while William worked on the Radford farm and Emeline worked as Nannie's housemaid. By 1875, the Lewises were no longer working for the Whartons, but still lived close by. In 1882, they moved to a house and lot in Christiansburg, severing any remaining ties or communication with the Whartons.","The guide to the Wharton and Radford Families Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wharton and Radford Families Papers was completed in December 2025."," Content Warning: This series does contain references to enslavement, which may be upsetting.","Subseries A: Gabriel C. and Nannie (Radford) Wharton, 1863-1865. This subseries includes correspondence between Gabriel C. and Anne (Nannie) Radford Wharton, both during their engagement and after their marriage. The bulk of their correspondence takes place during the American Civil War while Gabriel C. Wharton (GCW) served in the Confederate Army. Their letters include discussions on the war and troop movements, news of home and family, references to enslaved and formerly enslaved people, and expressions of love.  Subseries B: Gabriel C. Wharton Incoming Correspondence, 1842-1905, contains correspondence addressed to GCW. Topics include the railroad, the war, news of family and friends, the Reconstruction era, politics and pardons, provisions, grievances, enslaved and formerly enslaved people, and invitations. Subseries C: Gabriel C. Wharton Outgoing Correspondence, 1842-1874, is made up of correspondence authored by GCW. Conversation topics include the war, news of friends and family, provisions, a request for a leave of absence, and a letter of reference. This subseries also includes unsent drafts. Subseries D: Nannie Radford Wharton Incoming Correspondence, 1861-1865, includes correspondence addressed to Nannie Radford Wharton, discussing news of the war, the death of Col. John Taylor Radford, news of friends and family, enslaved and formerly enslaved people, and provisions.  Subseries E: Nannie Radford Wharton Outgoing Correspondence, 1861-1863. This subseries consists of letters authored by Nannie Radford Wharton, including an unfinished draft of an obituary. Conversation topics include politics and education. Subseries F: Radford Family, 1826-1900. This subseries includes correspondence both written by and written to members of the Radford family (with the exception of Nannie Radford Wharton). Topics discussed include politics and the war, provisions, news of family and friends, medicine, enslaved and formerly enslaved people, and expressions of sympathy.   Subseries G: Wharton Family, 1846-1864, contains correspondence written by and to members of the Wharton family (with the exception of Gabriel C. Wharton). Topics include politics, enslaved and formerly enslaved people, provisions, sickness, and news of family and friends. Subseries H: External Correspondence, 1797-1887. This subseries contains correspondence between individuals not closely related to either the Radford or Wharton families. It may include correspondence from cousins or more distant relations. This subseries contains references to enslaved people.","Content Warning: This series contains materials related to the sale of enslaved persons, which may be upsetting.","Subseries A: Receipts, Invoices, and Promissory Notes, 1813-1865, consists of transaction records for goods and services such as lodging, school supplies, seed, cloth, and food, as well as tax records. Subseries B: Land Grants and Deeds, 1783-1859. This subseries contains records of land transfers, including deeds, indentures, articles of agreements, and land grants. Subseries C: Enslaved Persons Documents, 1855-1857. This subseries contains records relating to the sale of enslaved persons. Subseries D: Legal Documents, 1845-1865, includes various documents such as an arrest warrant, record of a suit, and Dr. John Blair Radford's request for a special pardon from President Johnson.","Subseries A: Orders, 1861-1864, consists of orders and special orders, many addressed to GCW, from higher-ranking officers. These include requests for reports, rules and regulations for soldiers, instructions for troop movements, appointments, and authorizations for recruitment. Subseries B: Roll Calls and Reports, 1861-1864, 1902, contains roll calls, lists of wounded or killed, documents confirming the reporting of soldiers to their commands, and reports. Subseries C: Commission, Enlistment, and Transfer Requests, 1848-1864, includes documents such as lists of enlisted or reenlisted soldiers, commission certificates and appointments, and transfer requests. Subseries D: Passes, 1863-1865, contains documents used to allow passage through certain areas during the war.","Subseries A: Education, 1822-1862, includes materials such as report cards and a letter of acceptance to the Virginia Military Institute. Subseries B: Newspaper Clippings, 1842, 1904, 1906. This subseries consists of newspaper articles collected by the family that relate to family members or personal events, such as GCW's obituary. Subseries C: Ephemera, 1851-1902. This subseries contains Confederate States of America currency, stamps, a brochure, a railroad time table, and ephemera such as Confederate Reunion ribbons.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection is made up of the personal and family papers of the Wharton and Radford families of Southwestern Virginia. While the bulk of the collection relates to Confederate General Gabriel C. Wharton and Anne (Nannie) Radford Wharton, it contains personal materials such as correspondence, financial documents, and family papers from other family members as well. This collection also contains materials related to Wharton's military service.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Wharton, Gabriel C. (Gabriel Colvin), 1824-1906","Radford, John Taylor, 1838-1864","Materials in this collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2025.074","/repositories/2/resources/4540"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wharton and Radford Families Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wharton and Radford Families Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Wharton and Radford Families Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Montgomery County (Va.)","Radford (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Montgomery County (Va.)","Radford (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Wharton, Gabriel C. (Gabriel Colvin), 1824-1906","Radford, John Taylor, 1838-1864"],"creator_ssim":["Wharton, Gabriel C. (Gabriel Colvin), 1824-1906","Radford, John Taylor, 1838-1864"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wharton, Gabriel C. (Gabriel Colvin), 1824-1906","Radford, John Taylor, 1838-1864"],"creators_ssim":["Wharton, Gabriel C. (Gabriel Colvin), 1824-1906","Radford, John Taylor, 1838-1864"],"places_ssim":["Montgomery County (Va.)","Radford (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated in April 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Confederate States of America","Confederate States of America -- Army -- Recruiting, enlistment, etc.","Slavery -- United States","Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Confederate States of America","Confederate States of America -- Army -- Recruiting, enlistment, etc.","Slavery -- United States","Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7 Cubic Feet 3 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["7 Cubic Feet 3 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cul\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries A: Gabriel C. and Nannie (Radford) Wharton, 1863-1865. Arranged chronologically, this subseries includes correspondence between Gabriel C. and Nannie (Radford) Wharton, both during their engagement and after their marriage. \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries B: Gabriel C. Wharton Incoming Correspondence, 1842-1905.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries C: Gabriel C. Wharton Outgoing Correspondence, 1842-1874.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries D: Nannie (Radford) Wharton Incoming Correspondence, 1861-1865.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries E: Nannie (Radford) Wharton Outgoing Correspondence, 1861-1863.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries F: Radford Family, 1826-1900.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries G: Wharton Family, 1846-1864.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries H: External Correspondence, 1797-1887. Materials in this subseries are arranged alphabetically by author with the exception of materials relating to the Taylor family, which are grouped together for easier access.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries A: Receipts, Invoices, and Promissory Notes, 1813-1865.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries B: Land Grants and Deeds, 1783-1859.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries C: Enslaved Persons Documents, 1855-1857.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries D: Legal Documents, 1845-1865.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries A: Orders, 1861-1864.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries B: Roll Calls and Reports, 1861-1864, 1902.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries C: Commission, Enlistment, and Transfer Requests, 1848-1864.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries D: Passes, 1863-1865.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries A: Education, 1822-1862.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries B: Newspaper Clippings, 1842, 1904, 1906.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries C: Ephemera, 1851-1902.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Subseries A: Gabriel C. and Nannie (Radford) Wharton, 1863-1865. Arranged chronologically, this subseries includes correspondence between Gabriel C. and Nannie (Radford) Wharton, both during their engagement and after their marriage.  Subseries B: Gabriel C. Wharton Incoming Correspondence, 1842-1905. Subseries C: Gabriel C. Wharton Outgoing Correspondence, 1842-1874. Subseries D: Nannie (Radford) Wharton Incoming Correspondence, 1861-1865. Subseries E: Nannie (Radford) Wharton Outgoing Correspondence, 1861-1863. Subseries F: Radford Family, 1826-1900. Subseries G: Wharton Family, 1846-1864. Subseries H: External Correspondence, 1797-1887. Materials in this subseries are arranged alphabetically by author with the exception of materials relating to the Taylor family, which are grouped together for easier access.","Subseries A: Receipts, Invoices, and Promissory Notes, 1813-1865. Subseries B: Land Grants and Deeds, 1783-1859. Subseries C: Enslaved Persons Documents, 1855-1857. Subseries D: Legal Documents, 1845-1865.","Subseries A: Orders, 1861-1864. Subseries B: Roll Calls and Reports, 1861-1864, 1902. Subseries C: Commission, Enlistment, and Transfer Requests, 1848-1864. Subseries D: Passes, 1863-1865.","Subseries A: Education, 1822-1862. Subseries B: Newspaper Clippings, 1842, 1904, 1906. Subseries C: Ephemera, 1851-1902."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Wharton and Radford families were prominent figures in Southwest Virginia, especially during the 19th century. Dr. John B. Radford is the namesake of Radford, Virginia. Both families had a hand in shaping Southwestern Virginia and leave a lasting legacy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGabriel Colvin Wharton (GCW) was born on July 23, 1824 in Culpepper, Virginia, to parents John Redd and Eliza Colvin Wharton. Gabriel (or, often, Gabe) attended private school and multiple academies before enrolling in the Virginia Military Institute in 1845. He graduated with distinction only two years later in 1847. Immediately after graduating, Gabriel held a number of teaching positions, tutoring children in Latin, French, math, and English. A year later, he took a job with the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, getting promoted soon after. By late 1856, Gabriel was chief engineer of the Washington and Alexandria Railroad. He worked in the southwestern United States as a civil engineer from 1857 to 1859 surveying possible road routes. Gabriel continued to work as a civil engineer, often surveying possible road routes until the beginning of the American Civil War. While he was not a staunch secessionist, he did support the economic and social institution of slavery.  A Virginia loyalist and slaveholder, Gabriel held the idea that secession was necessary if state rights were oppressed. In April of 1861, he travelled to Richmond and began working as a lieutenant of engineers, making topographical surveys to assist in siting and erecting fortifications. Gabriel soon became Major Wharton, then Colonel, organizing regiments and marching into battle with General Floyd. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnne Rebecca \"Nannie\" Radford was born on August 15, 1843 in the New River Valley of southwestern Virginia to parents Dr. John Blair Radford and Elizabeth Campbell Taylor Radford. Nannie enjoyed a privileged upbringing, attending school in Salem, Virginia, and later at Cedar Hill Academy in Montgomery County. The Radford family was well-off; Dr. Radford owned 68 enslaved people and had a net worth of almost $65,000 by 1863. Once the war began, Nannie herself was a staunch supporter of the Confederate cause. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn early 1863, a friend introduced Nannie to Gabriel. By May 14, 1863, they were married. Soon after, he was promoted to brigadier general, effective July 8, 1863. Nannie and Gabriel had one child together, a son named William (Willie). Gabriel continued to serve in the Confederate forces, participating in operations in both the Western and Eastern Theaters, commanding divisions and brigades, and fighting in battles such as Cold Harbor, Monocacy, Cedar Creek, and Waynesboro. On June 4, 1865, Gabriel was paroled from Lynchburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, Gabriel went back to work at the railroad, overseeing the rebuilding of bridges damaged during the war. After a string of financial troubles, Gabriel ran for a seat in the House of Delegates, becoming a legislator in the Virginia General Assembly in 1871. During his time as state legislator, he helped establish the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, serving as a member of the Board of Visitors. Gabriel continued to run into business and financial trouble, borrowing money to start businesses like mills, hotels, and newspapers that failed, requiring the Whartons to sell or rent out much of their land to repay their debts. Nannie, frequently depressed and anxious about the state of their finances, managed their affairs when Gabriel went out West again in 1885 to work as an inspector of surveyors general and district land offices for the General Land Office in Washington. He continued to work away from home for the next few years, only returning to southwestern Virginia in 1889. On April 15th of the following year, Nannie died at the age of 46 after a long period of illness and emotional turmoil, most likely connected to earlier liver and bladder problems. After another failed business attempt, Gabriel ran for (and won) a seat in the Virginia House of Delegates in 1897, supporting coining gold and silver, education, and state pensions for Confederate veterans. After dropping from the race the following term, Gabriel began to be more active in Confederate veterans' affairs, still struggling with his own debts. Gabriel seemed to care more about preserving the history of the war than continuing it. On May 11, 1906, he passed away at the age of 80.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Wharton and Radford families held many enslaved people over the years, including Emeline Pate and Tim Lewis. Emeline and Tim entered a slave marriage in 1858. Purchased by Nannie's uncle James L. Taylor in 1856, Emeline acted as Nannie's personal servant when Taylor died. Also after Taylor died, Tim went with John Radford in 1861 when he went to war. When Nannie and Gabriel were married, Tim and Emeline were given to them as a wedding present. Like Tim did with John Radford, he waited on Gabriel while he was away in the army. Little is known about how Tim and Emeline felt or what they thought about events in their lives, as we only have Nannie and Gabriel's interpretation. Tim and Emeline remained closely involved with the Whartons through the end of the war and after. Sometime in 1864, Tim began to go by William. When Nannie and Gabriel had their son, Emeline took over much of his care. Towards the end of the war, Gabriel told William that if he ever wanted to leave, that he would provide a horse, money, and a pass for William to go north \"as a man\" rather than sneaking away. After the war, like many freed people, William and Emeline stayed on with the Whartons working for wages. They legally reaffirmed their marriage in 1866, living next door to the Whartons while William worked on the Radford farm and Emeline worked as Nannie's housemaid. By 1875, the Lewises were no longer working for the Whartons, but still lived close by. In 1882, they moved to a house and lot in Christiansburg, severing any remaining ties or communication with the Whartons.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Wharton and Radford families were prominent figures in Southwest Virginia, especially during the 19th century. Dr. John B. Radford is the namesake of Radford, Virginia. Both families had a hand in shaping Southwestern Virginia and leave a lasting legacy.","Gabriel Colvin Wharton (GCW) was born on July 23, 1824 in Culpepper, Virginia, to parents John Redd and Eliza Colvin Wharton. Gabriel (or, often, Gabe) attended private school and multiple academies before enrolling in the Virginia Military Institute in 1845. He graduated with distinction only two years later in 1847. Immediately after graduating, Gabriel held a number of teaching positions, tutoring children in Latin, French, math, and English. A year later, he took a job with the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, getting promoted soon after. By late 1856, Gabriel was chief engineer of the Washington and Alexandria Railroad. He worked in the southwestern United States as a civil engineer from 1857 to 1859 surveying possible road routes. Gabriel continued to work as a civil engineer, often surveying possible road routes until the beginning of the American Civil War. While he was not a staunch secessionist, he did support the economic and social institution of slavery.  A Virginia loyalist and slaveholder, Gabriel held the idea that secession was necessary if state rights were oppressed. In April of 1861, he travelled to Richmond and began working as a lieutenant of engineers, making topographical surveys to assist in siting and erecting fortifications. Gabriel soon became Major Wharton, then Colonel, organizing regiments and marching into battle with General Floyd. ","Anne Rebecca \"Nannie\" Radford was born on August 15, 1843 in the New River Valley of southwestern Virginia to parents Dr. John Blair Radford and Elizabeth Campbell Taylor Radford. Nannie enjoyed a privileged upbringing, attending school in Salem, Virginia, and later at Cedar Hill Academy in Montgomery County. The Radford family was well-off; Dr. Radford owned 68 enslaved people and had a net worth of almost $65,000 by 1863. Once the war began, Nannie herself was a staunch supporter of the Confederate cause. ","In early 1863, a friend introduced Nannie to Gabriel. By May 14, 1863, they were married. Soon after, he was promoted to brigadier general, effective July 8, 1863. Nannie and Gabriel had one child together, a son named William (Willie). Gabriel continued to serve in the Confederate forces, participating in operations in both the Western and Eastern Theaters, commanding divisions and brigades, and fighting in battles such as Cold Harbor, Monocacy, Cedar Creek, and Waynesboro. On June 4, 1865, Gabriel was paroled from Lynchburg, Virginia.","After the war, Gabriel went back to work at the railroad, overseeing the rebuilding of bridges damaged during the war. After a string of financial troubles, Gabriel ran for a seat in the House of Delegates, becoming a legislator in the Virginia General Assembly in 1871. During his time as state legislator, he helped establish the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, serving as a member of the Board of Visitors. Gabriel continued to run into business and financial trouble, borrowing money to start businesses like mills, hotels, and newspapers that failed, requiring the Whartons to sell or rent out much of their land to repay their debts. Nannie, frequently depressed and anxious about the state of their finances, managed their affairs when Gabriel went out West again in 1885 to work as an inspector of surveyors general and district land offices for the General Land Office in Washington. He continued to work away from home for the next few years, only returning to southwestern Virginia in 1889. On April 15th of the following year, Nannie died at the age of 46 after a long period of illness and emotional turmoil, most likely connected to earlier liver and bladder problems. After another failed business attempt, Gabriel ran for (and won) a seat in the Virginia House of Delegates in 1897, supporting coining gold and silver, education, and state pensions for Confederate veterans. After dropping from the race the following term, Gabriel began to be more active in Confederate veterans' affairs, still struggling with his own debts. Gabriel seemed to care more about preserving the history of the war than continuing it. On May 11, 1906, he passed away at the age of 80.","The Wharton and Radford families held many enslaved people over the years, including Emeline Pate and Tim Lewis. Emeline and Tim entered a slave marriage in 1858. Purchased by Nannie's uncle James L. Taylor in 1856, Emeline acted as Nannie's personal servant when Taylor died. Also after Taylor died, Tim went with John Radford in 1861 when he went to war. When Nannie and Gabriel were married, Tim and Emeline were given to them as a wedding present. Like Tim did with John Radford, he waited on Gabriel while he was away in the army. Little is known about how Tim and Emeline felt or what they thought about events in their lives, as we only have Nannie and Gabriel's interpretation. Tim and Emeline remained closely involved with the Whartons through the end of the war and after. Sometime in 1864, Tim began to go by William. When Nannie and Gabriel had their son, Emeline took over much of his care. Towards the end of the war, Gabriel told William that if he ever wanted to leave, that he would provide a horse, money, and a pass for William to go north \"as a man\" rather than sneaking away. After the war, like many freed people, William and Emeline stayed on with the Whartons working for wages. They legally reaffirmed their marriage in 1866, living next door to the Whartons while William worked on the Radford farm and Emeline worked as Nannie's housemaid. By 1875, the Lewises were no longer working for the Whartons, but still lived close by. In 1882, they moved to a house and lot in Christiansburg, severing any remaining ties or communication with the Whartons."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Wharton and Radford Families Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Wharton and Radford Families Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Wharton and Radford Families Papers, 1783-1906, Ms2025-074, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Wharton and Radford Families Papers, 1783-1906, Ms2025-074, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Wharton and Radford Families Papers was completed in December 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wharton and Radford Families Papers was completed in December 2025."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e Content Warning: This series does contain references to enslavement, which may be upsetting.\u003c/emph\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries A: Gabriel C. and Nannie (Radford) Wharton, 1863-1865. This subseries includes correspondence between Gabriel C. and Anne (Nannie) Radford Wharton, both during their engagement and after their marriage. The bulk of their correspondence takes place during the American Civil War while Gabriel C. Wharton (GCW) served in the Confederate Army. Their letters include discussions on the war and troop movements, news of home and family, references to enslaved and formerly enslaved people, and expressions of love. \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries B: Gabriel C. Wharton Incoming Correspondence, 1842-1905, contains correspondence addressed to GCW. Topics include the railroad, the war, news of family and friends, the Reconstruction era, politics and pardons, provisions, grievances, enslaved and formerly enslaved people, and invitations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries C: Gabriel C. Wharton Outgoing Correspondence, 1842-1874, is made up of correspondence authored by GCW. Conversation topics include the war, news of friends and family, provisions, a request for a leave of absence, and a letter of reference. This subseries also includes unsent drafts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries D: Nannie Radford Wharton Incoming Correspondence, 1861-1865, includes correspondence addressed to Nannie Radford Wharton, discussing news of the war, the death of Col. John Taylor Radford, news of friends and family, enslaved and formerly enslaved people, and provisions. \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries E: Nannie Radford Wharton Outgoing Correspondence, 1861-1863. This subseries consists of letters authored by Nannie Radford Wharton, including an unfinished draft of an obituary. Conversation topics include politics and education.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries F: Radford Family, 1826-1900. This subseries includes correspondence both written by and written to members of the Radford family (with the exception of Nannie Radford Wharton). Topics discussed include politics and the war, provisions, news of family and friends, medicine, enslaved and formerly enslaved people, and expressions of sympathy.  \u003c/li\u003e \n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries G: Wharton Family, 1846-1864, contains correspondence written by and to members of the Wharton family (with the exception of Gabriel C. Wharton). Topics include politics, enslaved and formerly enslaved people, provisions, sickness, and news of family and friends.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries H: External Correspondence, 1797-1887. This subseries contains correspondence between individuals not closely related to either the Radford or Wharton families. It may include correspondence from cousins or more distant relations. This subseries contains references to enslaved people.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContent Warning: This series contains materials related to the sale of enslaved persons, which may be upsetting.\u003c/emph\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries A: Receipts, Invoices, and Promissory Notes, 1813-1865, consists of transaction records for goods and services such as lodging, school supplies, seed, cloth, and food, as well as tax records.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries B: Land Grants and Deeds, 1783-1859. This subseries contains records of land transfers, including deeds, indentures, articles of agreements, and land grants.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries C: Enslaved Persons Documents, 1855-1857. This subseries contains records relating to the sale of enslaved persons.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries D: Legal Documents, 1845-1865, includes various documents such as an arrest warrant, record of a suit, and Dr. John Blair Radford's request for a special pardon from President Johnson.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries A: Orders, 1861-1864, consists of orders and special orders, many addressed to GCW, from higher-ranking officers. These include requests for reports, rules and regulations for soldiers, instructions for troop movements, appointments, and authorizations for recruitment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries B: Roll Calls and Reports, 1861-1864, 1902, contains roll calls, lists of wounded or killed, documents confirming the reporting of soldiers to their commands, and reports.\u003c/li\u003e \n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries C: Commission, Enlistment, and Transfer Requests, 1848-1864, includes documents such as lists of enlisted or reenlisted soldiers, commission certificates and appointments, and transfer requests.\u003c/li\u003e \n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries D: Passes, 1863-1865, contains documents used to allow passage through certain areas during the war.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries A: Education, 1822-1862, includes materials such as report cards and a letter of acceptance to the Virginia Military Institute.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries B: Newspaper Clippings, 1842, 1904, 1906. This subseries consists of newspaper articles collected by the family that relate to family members or personal events, such as GCW's obituary.\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries C: Ephemera, 1851-1902. This subseries contains Confederate States of America currency, stamps, a brochure, a railroad time table, and ephemera such as Confederate Reunion ribbons.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":[" Content Warning: This series does contain references to enslavement, which may be upsetting.","Subseries A: Gabriel C. and Nannie (Radford) Wharton, 1863-1865. This subseries includes correspondence between Gabriel C. and Anne (Nannie) Radford Wharton, both during their engagement and after their marriage. The bulk of their correspondence takes place during the American Civil War while Gabriel C. Wharton (GCW) served in the Confederate Army. Their letters include discussions on the war and troop movements, news of home and family, references to enslaved and formerly enslaved people, and expressions of love.  Subseries B: Gabriel C. Wharton Incoming Correspondence, 1842-1905, contains correspondence addressed to GCW. Topics include the railroad, the war, news of family and friends, the Reconstruction era, politics and pardons, provisions, grievances, enslaved and formerly enslaved people, and invitations. Subseries C: Gabriel C. Wharton Outgoing Correspondence, 1842-1874, is made up of correspondence authored by GCW. Conversation topics include the war, news of friends and family, provisions, a request for a leave of absence, and a letter of reference. This subseries also includes unsent drafts. Subseries D: Nannie Radford Wharton Incoming Correspondence, 1861-1865, includes correspondence addressed to Nannie Radford Wharton, discussing news of the war, the death of Col. John Taylor Radford, news of friends and family, enslaved and formerly enslaved people, and provisions.  Subseries E: Nannie Radford Wharton Outgoing Correspondence, 1861-1863. This subseries consists of letters authored by Nannie Radford Wharton, including an unfinished draft of an obituary. Conversation topics include politics and education. Subseries F: Radford Family, 1826-1900. This subseries includes correspondence both written by and written to members of the Radford family (with the exception of Nannie Radford Wharton). Topics discussed include politics and the war, provisions, news of family and friends, medicine, enslaved and formerly enslaved people, and expressions of sympathy.   Subseries G: Wharton Family, 1846-1864, contains correspondence written by and to members of the Wharton family (with the exception of Gabriel C. Wharton). Topics include politics, enslaved and formerly enslaved people, provisions, sickness, and news of family and friends. Subseries H: External Correspondence, 1797-1887. This subseries contains correspondence between individuals not closely related to either the Radford or Wharton families. It may include correspondence from cousins or more distant relations. This subseries contains references to enslaved people.","Content Warning: This series contains materials related to the sale of enslaved persons, which may be upsetting.","Subseries A: Receipts, Invoices, and Promissory Notes, 1813-1865, consists of transaction records for goods and services such as lodging, school supplies, seed, cloth, and food, as well as tax records. Subseries B: Land Grants and Deeds, 1783-1859. This subseries contains records of land transfers, including deeds, indentures, articles of agreements, and land grants. Subseries C: Enslaved Persons Documents, 1855-1857. This subseries contains records relating to the sale of enslaved persons. Subseries D: Legal Documents, 1845-1865, includes various documents such as an arrest warrant, record of a suit, and Dr. John Blair Radford's request for a special pardon from President Johnson.","Subseries A: Orders, 1861-1864, consists of orders and special orders, many addressed to GCW, from higher-ranking officers. These include requests for reports, rules and regulations for soldiers, instructions for troop movements, appointments, and authorizations for recruitment. Subseries B: Roll Calls and Reports, 1861-1864, 1902, contains roll calls, lists of wounded or killed, documents confirming the reporting of soldiers to their commands, and reports. Subseries C: Commission, Enlistment, and Transfer Requests, 1848-1864, includes documents such as lists of enlisted or reenlisted soldiers, commission certificates and appointments, and transfer requests. Subseries D: Passes, 1863-1865, contains documents used to allow passage through certain areas during the war.","Subseries A: Education, 1822-1862, includes materials such as report cards and a letter of acceptance to the Virginia Military Institute. Subseries B: Newspaper Clippings, 1842, 1904, 1906. This subseries consists of newspaper articles collected by the family that relate to family members or personal events, such as GCW's obituary. Subseries C: Ephemera, 1851-1902. This subseries contains Confederate States of America currency, stamps, a brochure, a railroad time table, and ephemera such as Confederate Reunion ribbons."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e618e9a9170b925d5ffa8d5c7635be0b\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection is made up of the personal and family papers of the Wharton and Radford families of Southwestern Virginia. While the bulk of the collection relates to Confederate General Gabriel C. Wharton and Anne (Nannie) Radford Wharton, it contains personal materials such as correspondence, financial documents, and family papers from other family members as well. This collection also contains materials related to Wharton's military service.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection is made up of the personal and family papers of the Wharton and Radford families of Southwestern Virginia. While the bulk of the collection relates to Confederate General Gabriel C. Wharton and Anne (Nannie) Radford Wharton, it contains personal materials such as correspondence, financial documents, and family papers from other family members as well. This collection also contains materials related to Wharton's military service."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Wharton, Gabriel C. (Gabriel Colvin), 1824-1906","Radford, John Taylor, 1838-1864"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Wharton, Gabriel C. (Gabriel Colvin), 1824-1906","Radford, John Taylor, 1838-1864"],"language_ssim":["Materials in this collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1313,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-29T07:05:00.759Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4540_c03_c03_c03"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4302","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"[Confederate Engineers' Maps] (reproduction)","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4302#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Confederate Engineers' Maps. Jeremy Francis Gilmer Collection, Virginia Historical Society, 1989. Total of 67 maps on 94 sheets. See guide accompanying maps (cataloged: Spec Folio G3880 1864 .C65).","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4302#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4302","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4302","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4302","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4302","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4302.xml","title_ssm":["[Confederate Engineers' Maps] (reproduction)"],"title_tesim":["[Confederate Engineers' Maps] (reproduction)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1865"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Map.0724"],"text":["Map.0724","[Confederate Engineers' Maps] (reproduction)","Virginia -- Maps","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","1. Albemarle County, 1864 2. Amelia County, 1864 3. Amelia County, 1864 (1 of 2) 4. Amelia County, 1864 (2 of 2) 5. Bedford County, 1864 6. Bedford County, 1864 7. Botetourt County, 1864 8. Botetourt County, 1864 9. Botetourt County (Southwest Section), 1864 10. Botetourt County (Northwest Section), 1864 11. Brunswick County, 1864 12. Campbell County, 1864 13. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (1 of 6) 14. Carolina and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (2 of 6) 15. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (3 of 6) 16. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (4 of 6) 17. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (5 of 6) 18. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (6 of 6) 19. Caroline Counti, 1864 20. Central Virginia, 1863 21. Charlotte County, 1864 22. Chesterfield County, 1862-1863 (1 of 2) 23. Chesterfield County, 1862-1863 (2 of 2) 24. Chesterfield County, 1864 (1 of 2) 25. Chesterfield County, 1864 (2 of 2) 26. Drewry's Bluff, Chesterfield County, 1864 27. Craig, Giles, Montgomery, and Pulaski Counties, 1864 (1 of 2) 28. Craig, Giles, Montgomery, and Pulaski Counties, 1864 (2 of 2) 29. Cumberland County, 1864 30. Dinwiddie County, 1864 31. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (1 of 6) 32. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (2 of 6) 33. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (3 of 6) 34. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (4 of 6) 35. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (5 of 6) 36. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (6 of 6) 37. Fauquier County, 1863 38. Fluvanna County, 1863 39. Goochland County, 1863 40. Greensville County, 1863 (1 of 2) 41. Greensville County, 1863 (2 of 2) 42. Greensville County, 1863 (1 of 2) 43. Greensville County, 1863 (2 of 2) 44. Greensville County, 1864 45. Hanover County, 1864 46. Henrico County, 1862 47. Isle of White County, 1861 48. Fort Huger, Hardy's Bluff, Isle of Wight County, 1863 49. Fort Huger, Isle of Wight County, and Mulberry Point Battery, Warwick County, 1863 50. James River and Kanawha Canal, 1863 (1 of 2) 51. James River and Kanawha Canal, 1863 (2 of 2) 52. King William County, 1865 53. Louisa County, 1863 54. Lynchburg and Vicinity, 1864 (1 of 2) 55. Lynchburg and Vicinity, 1864 (2 of 2) 56. Mecklenburg County, 1864 57. Mecklenburg, Brunsick, and Greensville Counties, 1864 58. Montgomery County, 1864 59. Nelson and Surrounding Counties, 1863 60. New Kent, Charles City, James City, and York Counties, 1863 (1 of 2) 61. New Kent, Charles City, James City, and York Counties, 1863 (2 of 2) 62. Nottoway County, 1864 63. Orange County, 1864 64. Petersburg and Vicinity, 1864 65. Powhatan County, 1864 66. Prince Edward County, 1864 67. Prince George County, 1863 68. Richmond and york River Railroad, 1864 (1 of 2) 69. Richmond and york River Railroad, 1864 (2 of 2) 70. Roanoke County, 1864 (1 of 2) 71. Roanoke County, 1864 (2 of 2) 72. Roanoke County, 1864 73. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Southern Section) 74. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Southwestern Section) 75. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Northern Section) 76. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Northeastern Section) 77. Lower Shenandoah Valley I, 1864 78. Lower Shenandoah Valley II, 1864 (1 of 3) 79. Lower Shenandoah Valley II, 1864 (2 of 3) 80. Lower Shenandoah Valley II, 1864 (3 of 3) 81. South Side of James River, 1864 (1 of 2) 82. South Side of James River, 1864 (2 of 2) 83. Spotsylvania and Surrounding Counties, 1864 84. Spotsylvania and Surrounding Counties, 1864 85. Stafford County, 1863 (2 of 2) 86. Surry, Sussex, and Southampton Counties, 1863 (1 of 2) 87. Surry, Sussex, and Southampton Counties, 1863 (2 of 2) 88. Western and Southwestern Virginia, 1862 89. Bertie County, North Carolina, 1863 90. Bertie County, North Carolina, 1863 (1 of 2) 91. Bertie County, North Carolina, 1863 (2 of 2) 92. Brunswick County, North Carolina, 1863 93. Eastern North Carolina, 1864 94. Hertford and Part of Northampton and Bertie Counties, North Carolina, 1863","Confederate Engineers' Maps. Jeremy Francis Gilmer Collection, Virginia Historical Society, 1989. Total of 67 maps on 94 sheets. See guide accompanying maps (cataloged: Spec Folio G3880 1864 .C65).","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Map.0724"],"normalized_title_ssm":["[Confederate Engineers' Maps] (reproduction)"],"collection_title_tesim":["[Confederate Engineers' Maps] (reproduction)"],"collection_ssim":["[Confederate Engineers' Maps] (reproduction)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Maps"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Maps"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Maps"],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 24 x 35 in. (94 sheets)"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 24 x 35 in. (94 sheets)"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["1. Albemarle County, 1864 2. Amelia County, 1864 3. Amelia County, 1864 (1 of 2) 4. Amelia County, 1864 (2 of 2) 5. Bedford County, 1864 6. Bedford County, 1864 7. Botetourt County, 1864 8. Botetourt County, 1864 9. Botetourt County (Southwest Section), 1864 10. Botetourt County (Northwest Section), 1864 11. Brunswick County, 1864 12. Campbell County, 1864 13. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (1 of 6) 14. Carolina and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (2 of 6) 15. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (3 of 6) 16. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (4 of 6) 17. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (5 of 6) 18. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (6 of 6) 19. Caroline Counti, 1864 20. Central Virginia, 1863 21. Charlotte County, 1864 22. Chesterfield County, 1862-1863 (1 of 2) 23. Chesterfield County, 1862-1863 (2 of 2) 24. Chesterfield County, 1864 (1 of 2) 25. Chesterfield County, 1864 (2 of 2) 26. Drewry's Bluff, Chesterfield County, 1864 27. Craig, Giles, Montgomery, and Pulaski Counties, 1864 (1 of 2) 28. Craig, Giles, Montgomery, and Pulaski Counties, 1864 (2 of 2) 29. Cumberland County, 1864 30. Dinwiddie County, 1864 31. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (1 of 6) 32. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (2 of 6) 33. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (3 of 6) 34. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (4 of 6) 35. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (5 of 6) 36. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (6 of 6) 37. Fauquier County, 1863 38. Fluvanna County, 1863 39. Goochland County, 1863 40. Greensville County, 1863 (1 of 2) 41. Greensville County, 1863 (2 of 2) 42. Greensville County, 1863 (1 of 2) 43. Greensville County, 1863 (2 of 2) 44. Greensville County, 1864 45. Hanover County, 1864 46. Henrico County, 1862 47. Isle of White County, 1861 48. Fort Huger, Hardy's Bluff, Isle of Wight County, 1863 49. Fort Huger, Isle of Wight County, and Mulberry Point Battery, Warwick County, 1863 50. James River and Kanawha Canal, 1863 (1 of 2) 51. James River and Kanawha Canal, 1863 (2 of 2) 52. King William County, 1865 53. Louisa County, 1863 54. Lynchburg and Vicinity, 1864 (1 of 2) 55. Lynchburg and Vicinity, 1864 (2 of 2) 56. Mecklenburg County, 1864 57. Mecklenburg, Brunsick, and Greensville Counties, 1864 58. Montgomery County, 1864 59. Nelson and Surrounding Counties, 1863 60. New Kent, Charles City, James City, and York Counties, 1863 (1 of 2) 61. New Kent, Charles City, James City, and York Counties, 1863 (2 of 2) 62. Nottoway County, 1864 63. Orange County, 1864 64. Petersburg and Vicinity, 1864 65. Powhatan County, 1864 66. Prince Edward County, 1864 67. Prince George County, 1863 68. Richmond and york River Railroad, 1864 (1 of 2) 69. Richmond and york River Railroad, 1864 (2 of 2) 70. Roanoke County, 1864 (1 of 2) 71. Roanoke County, 1864 (2 of 2) 72. Roanoke County, 1864 73. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Southern Section) 74. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Southwestern Section) 75. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Northern Section) 76. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Northeastern Section) 77. Lower Shenandoah Valley I, 1864 78. Lower Shenandoah Valley II, 1864 (1 of 3) 79. Lower Shenandoah Valley II, 1864 (2 of 3) 80. Lower Shenandoah Valley II, 1864 (3 of 3) 81. South Side of James River, 1864 (1 of 2) 82. South Side of James River, 1864 (2 of 2) 83. Spotsylvania and Surrounding Counties, 1864 84. Spotsylvania and Surrounding Counties, 1864 85. Stafford County, 1863 (2 of 2) 86. Surry, Sussex, and Southampton Counties, 1863 (1 of 2) 87. Surry, Sussex, and Southampton Counties, 1863 (2 of 2) 88. Western and Southwestern Virginia, 1862 89. Bertie County, North Carolina, 1863 90. Bertie County, North Carolina, 1863 (1 of 2) 91. Bertie County, North Carolina, 1863 (2 of 2) 92. Brunswick County, North Carolina, 1863 93. Eastern North Carolina, 1864 94. Hertford and Part of Northampton and Bertie Counties, North Carolina, 1863"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3a1e86261e7a9a1a28d1a40e6219b554\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eConfederate Engineers' Maps. Jeremy Francis Gilmer Collection, Virginia Historical Society, 1989. Total of 67 maps on 94 sheets. See guide accompanying maps (cataloged: Spec Folio G3880 1864 .C65).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Confederate Engineers' Maps. Jeremy Francis Gilmer Collection, Virginia Historical Society, 1989. Total of 67 maps on 94 sheets. See guide accompanying maps (cataloged: Spec Folio G3880 1864 .C65)."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:11:45.072Z","scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e1. Albemarle County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e2. Amelia County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e3. Amelia County, 1864 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e4. Amelia County, 1864 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e5. Bedford County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e6. Bedford County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e7. Botetourt County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e8. Botetourt County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e9. Botetourt County (Southwest Section), 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e10. Botetourt County (Northwest Section), 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e11. Brunswick County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e12. Campbell County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e13. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (1 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e14. Carolina and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (2 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e15. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (3 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e16. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (4 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e17. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (5 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e18. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (6 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e19. Caroline Counti, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e20. Central Virginia, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e21. Charlotte County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e22. Chesterfield County, 1862-1863 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e23. Chesterfield County, 1862-1863 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e24. Chesterfield County, 1864 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e25. Chesterfield County, 1864 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e26. Drewry's Bluff, Chesterfield County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e27. Craig, Giles, Montgomery, and Pulaski Counties, 1864 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e28. Craig, Giles, Montgomery, and Pulaski Counties, 1864 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e29. Cumberland County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e30. Dinwiddie County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e31. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (1 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e32. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (2 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e33. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (3 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e34. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (4 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e35. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (5 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e36. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (6 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e37. Fauquier County, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e38. Fluvanna County, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e39. Goochland County, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e40. Greensville County, 1863 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e41. Greensville County, 1863 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e42. Greensville County, 1863 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e43. Greensville County, 1863 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e44. Greensville County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e45. Hanover County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e46. Henrico County, 1862\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e47. Isle of White County, 1861\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e48. Fort Huger, Hardy's Bluff, Isle of Wight County, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e49. Fort Huger, Isle of Wight County, and Mulberry Point Battery, Warwick County, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e50. James River and Kanawha Canal, 1863 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e51. James River and Kanawha Canal, 1863 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e52. King William County, 1865\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e53. Louisa County, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e54. Lynchburg and Vicinity, 1864 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e55. Lynchburg and Vicinity, 1864 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e56. Mecklenburg County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e57. Mecklenburg, Brunsick, and Greensville Counties, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e58. Montgomery County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e59. Nelson and Surrounding Counties, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e60. New Kent, Charles City, James City, and York Counties, 1863 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e61. New Kent, Charles City, James City, and York Counties, 1863 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e62. Nottoway County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e63. Orange County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e64. Petersburg and Vicinity, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e65. Powhatan County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e66. Prince Edward County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e67. Prince George County, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e68. Richmond and york River Railroad, 1864 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e69. Richmond and york River Railroad, 1864 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e70. Roanoke County, 1864 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e71. Roanoke County, 1864 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e72. Roanoke County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e73. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Southern Section)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e74. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Southwestern Section)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e75. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Northern Section)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e76. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Northeastern Section)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e77. Lower Shenandoah Valley I, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e78. Lower Shenandoah Valley II, 1864 (1 of 3)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e79. Lower Shenandoah Valley II, 1864 (2 of 3)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e80. Lower Shenandoah Valley II, 1864 (3 of 3)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e81. South Side of James River, 1864 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e82. South Side of James River, 1864 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e83. Spotsylvania and Surrounding Counties, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e84. Spotsylvania and Surrounding Counties, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e85. Stafford County, 1863 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e86. Surry, Sussex, and Southampton Counties, 1863 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e87. Surry, Sussex, and Southampton Counties, 1863 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e88. Western and Southwestern Virginia, 1862\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e89. Bertie County, North Carolina, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e90. Bertie County, North Carolina, 1863 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e91. Bertie County, North Carolina, 1863 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e92. Brunswick County, North Carolina, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e93. Eastern North Carolina, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e94. Hertford and Part of Northampton and Bertie Counties, North Carolina, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4302","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4302","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4302","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4302","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4302.xml","title_ssm":["[Confederate Engineers' Maps] (reproduction)"],"title_tesim":["[Confederate Engineers' Maps] (reproduction)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1865"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Map.0724"],"text":["Map.0724","[Confederate Engineers' Maps] (reproduction)","Virginia -- Maps","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","1. Albemarle County, 1864 2. Amelia County, 1864 3. Amelia County, 1864 (1 of 2) 4. Amelia County, 1864 (2 of 2) 5. Bedford County, 1864 6. Bedford County, 1864 7. Botetourt County, 1864 8. Botetourt County, 1864 9. Botetourt County (Southwest Section), 1864 10. Botetourt County (Northwest Section), 1864 11. Brunswick County, 1864 12. Campbell County, 1864 13. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (1 of 6) 14. Carolina and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (2 of 6) 15. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (3 of 6) 16. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (4 of 6) 17. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (5 of 6) 18. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (6 of 6) 19. Caroline Counti, 1864 20. Central Virginia, 1863 21. Charlotte County, 1864 22. Chesterfield County, 1862-1863 (1 of 2) 23. Chesterfield County, 1862-1863 (2 of 2) 24. Chesterfield County, 1864 (1 of 2) 25. Chesterfield County, 1864 (2 of 2) 26. Drewry's Bluff, Chesterfield County, 1864 27. Craig, Giles, Montgomery, and Pulaski Counties, 1864 (1 of 2) 28. Craig, Giles, Montgomery, and Pulaski Counties, 1864 (2 of 2) 29. Cumberland County, 1864 30. Dinwiddie County, 1864 31. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (1 of 6) 32. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (2 of 6) 33. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (3 of 6) 34. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (4 of 6) 35. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (5 of 6) 36. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (6 of 6) 37. Fauquier County, 1863 38. Fluvanna County, 1863 39. Goochland County, 1863 40. Greensville County, 1863 (1 of 2) 41. Greensville County, 1863 (2 of 2) 42. Greensville County, 1863 (1 of 2) 43. Greensville County, 1863 (2 of 2) 44. Greensville County, 1864 45. Hanover County, 1864 46. Henrico County, 1862 47. Isle of White County, 1861 48. Fort Huger, Hardy's Bluff, Isle of Wight County, 1863 49. Fort Huger, Isle of Wight County, and Mulberry Point Battery, Warwick County, 1863 50. James River and Kanawha Canal, 1863 (1 of 2) 51. James River and Kanawha Canal, 1863 (2 of 2) 52. King William County, 1865 53. Louisa County, 1863 54. Lynchburg and Vicinity, 1864 (1 of 2) 55. Lynchburg and Vicinity, 1864 (2 of 2) 56. Mecklenburg County, 1864 57. Mecklenburg, Brunsick, and Greensville Counties, 1864 58. Montgomery County, 1864 59. Nelson and Surrounding Counties, 1863 60. New Kent, Charles City, James City, and York Counties, 1863 (1 of 2) 61. New Kent, Charles City, James City, and York Counties, 1863 (2 of 2) 62. Nottoway County, 1864 63. Orange County, 1864 64. Petersburg and Vicinity, 1864 65. Powhatan County, 1864 66. Prince Edward County, 1864 67. Prince George County, 1863 68. Richmond and york River Railroad, 1864 (1 of 2) 69. Richmond and york River Railroad, 1864 (2 of 2) 70. Roanoke County, 1864 (1 of 2) 71. Roanoke County, 1864 (2 of 2) 72. Roanoke County, 1864 73. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Southern Section) 74. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Southwestern Section) 75. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Northern Section) 76. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Northeastern Section) 77. Lower Shenandoah Valley I, 1864 78. Lower Shenandoah Valley II, 1864 (1 of 3) 79. Lower Shenandoah Valley II, 1864 (2 of 3) 80. Lower Shenandoah Valley II, 1864 (3 of 3) 81. South Side of James River, 1864 (1 of 2) 82. South Side of James River, 1864 (2 of 2) 83. Spotsylvania and Surrounding Counties, 1864 84. Spotsylvania and Surrounding Counties, 1864 85. Stafford County, 1863 (2 of 2) 86. Surry, Sussex, and Southampton Counties, 1863 (1 of 2) 87. Surry, Sussex, and Southampton Counties, 1863 (2 of 2) 88. Western and Southwestern Virginia, 1862 89. Bertie County, North Carolina, 1863 90. Bertie County, North Carolina, 1863 (1 of 2) 91. Bertie County, North Carolina, 1863 (2 of 2) 92. Brunswick County, North Carolina, 1863 93. Eastern North Carolina, 1864 94. Hertford and Part of Northampton and Bertie Counties, North Carolina, 1863","Confederate Engineers' Maps. Jeremy Francis Gilmer Collection, Virginia Historical Society, 1989. Total of 67 maps on 94 sheets. See guide accompanying maps (cataloged: Spec Folio G3880 1864 .C65).","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Map.0724"],"normalized_title_ssm":["[Confederate Engineers' Maps] (reproduction)"],"collection_title_tesim":["[Confederate Engineers' Maps] (reproduction)"],"collection_ssim":["[Confederate Engineers' Maps] (reproduction)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Maps"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Maps"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Maps"],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 24 x 35 in. (94 sheets)"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 24 x 35 in. (94 sheets)"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["1. Albemarle County, 1864 2. Amelia County, 1864 3. Amelia County, 1864 (1 of 2) 4. Amelia County, 1864 (2 of 2) 5. Bedford County, 1864 6. Bedford County, 1864 7. Botetourt County, 1864 8. Botetourt County, 1864 9. Botetourt County (Southwest Section), 1864 10. Botetourt County (Northwest Section), 1864 11. Brunswick County, 1864 12. Campbell County, 1864 13. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (1 of 6) 14. Carolina and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (2 of 6) 15. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (3 of 6) 16. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (4 of 6) 17. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (5 of 6) 18. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (6 of 6) 19. Caroline Counti, 1864 20. Central Virginia, 1863 21. Charlotte County, 1864 22. Chesterfield County, 1862-1863 (1 of 2) 23. Chesterfield County, 1862-1863 (2 of 2) 24. Chesterfield County, 1864 (1 of 2) 25. Chesterfield County, 1864 (2 of 2) 26. Drewry's Bluff, Chesterfield County, 1864 27. Craig, Giles, Montgomery, and Pulaski Counties, 1864 (1 of 2) 28. Craig, Giles, Montgomery, and Pulaski Counties, 1864 (2 of 2) 29. Cumberland County, 1864 30. Dinwiddie County, 1864 31. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (1 of 6) 32. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (2 of 6) 33. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (3 of 6) 34. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (4 of 6) 35. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (5 of 6) 36. Eastern Virginia, 1864 (6 of 6) 37. Fauquier County, 1863 38. Fluvanna County, 1863 39. Goochland County, 1863 40. Greensville County, 1863 (1 of 2) 41. Greensville County, 1863 (2 of 2) 42. Greensville County, 1863 (1 of 2) 43. Greensville County, 1863 (2 of 2) 44. Greensville County, 1864 45. Hanover County, 1864 46. Henrico County, 1862 47. Isle of White County, 1861 48. Fort Huger, Hardy's Bluff, Isle of Wight County, 1863 49. Fort Huger, Isle of Wight County, and Mulberry Point Battery, Warwick County, 1863 50. James River and Kanawha Canal, 1863 (1 of 2) 51. James River and Kanawha Canal, 1863 (2 of 2) 52. King William County, 1865 53. Louisa County, 1863 54. Lynchburg and Vicinity, 1864 (1 of 2) 55. Lynchburg and Vicinity, 1864 (2 of 2) 56. Mecklenburg County, 1864 57. Mecklenburg, Brunsick, and Greensville Counties, 1864 58. Montgomery County, 1864 59. Nelson and Surrounding Counties, 1863 60. New Kent, Charles City, James City, and York Counties, 1863 (1 of 2) 61. New Kent, Charles City, James City, and York Counties, 1863 (2 of 2) 62. Nottoway County, 1864 63. Orange County, 1864 64. Petersburg and Vicinity, 1864 65. Powhatan County, 1864 66. Prince Edward County, 1864 67. Prince George County, 1863 68. Richmond and york River Railroad, 1864 (1 of 2) 69. Richmond and york River Railroad, 1864 (2 of 2) 70. Roanoke County, 1864 (1 of 2) 71. Roanoke County, 1864 (2 of 2) 72. Roanoke County, 1864 73. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Southern Section) 74. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Southwestern Section) 75. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Northern Section) 76. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Northeastern Section) 77. Lower Shenandoah Valley I, 1864 78. Lower Shenandoah Valley II, 1864 (1 of 3) 79. Lower Shenandoah Valley II, 1864 (2 of 3) 80. Lower Shenandoah Valley II, 1864 (3 of 3) 81. South Side of James River, 1864 (1 of 2) 82. South Side of James River, 1864 (2 of 2) 83. Spotsylvania and Surrounding Counties, 1864 84. Spotsylvania and Surrounding Counties, 1864 85. Stafford County, 1863 (2 of 2) 86. Surry, Sussex, and Southampton Counties, 1863 (1 of 2) 87. Surry, Sussex, and Southampton Counties, 1863 (2 of 2) 88. Western and Southwestern Virginia, 1862 89. Bertie County, North Carolina, 1863 90. Bertie County, North Carolina, 1863 (1 of 2) 91. Bertie County, North Carolina, 1863 (2 of 2) 92. Brunswick County, North Carolina, 1863 93. Eastern North Carolina, 1864 94. Hertford and Part of Northampton and Bertie Counties, North Carolina, 1863"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3a1e86261e7a9a1a28d1a40e6219b554\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eConfederate Engineers' Maps. Jeremy Francis Gilmer Collection, Virginia Historical Society, 1989. Total of 67 maps on 94 sheets. See guide accompanying maps (cataloged: Spec Folio G3880 1864 .C65).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Confederate Engineers' Maps. Jeremy Francis Gilmer Collection, Virginia Historical Society, 1989. Total of 67 maps on 94 sheets. See guide accompanying maps (cataloged: Spec Folio G3880 1864 .C65)."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (1 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e14. Carolina and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (2 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e15. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (3 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e16. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (4 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e17. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (5 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e18. Caroline and Surrounding Counties, 1863 (6 of 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e19. Caroline Counti, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e20. Central Virginia, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e21. Charlotte County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e22. Chesterfield County, 1862-1863 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e23. Chesterfield County, 1862-1863 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e24. Chesterfield County, 1864 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e25. 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Fluvanna County, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e39. Goochland County, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e40. Greensville County, 1863 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e41. Greensville County, 1863 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e42. Greensville County, 1863 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e43. Greensville County, 1863 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e44. Greensville County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e45. Hanover County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e46. Henrico County, 1862\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e47. Isle of White County, 1861\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e48. Fort Huger, Hardy's Bluff, Isle of Wight County, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e49. Fort Huger, Isle of Wight County, and Mulberry Point Battery, Warwick County, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e50. James River and Kanawha Canal, 1863 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e51. James River and Kanawha Canal, 1863 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e52. King William County, 1865\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e53. Louisa County, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e54. Lynchburg and Vicinity, 1864 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e55. Lynchburg and Vicinity, 1864 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e56. Mecklenburg County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e57. Mecklenburg, Brunsick, and Greensville Counties, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e58. Montgomery County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e59. Nelson and Surrounding Counties, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e60. New Kent, Charles City, James City, and York Counties, 1863 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e61. New Kent, Charles City, James City, and York Counties, 1863 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e62. Nottoway County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e63. Orange County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e64. Petersburg and Vicinity, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e65. Powhatan County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e66. Prince Edward County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e67. Prince George County, 1863\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e68. Richmond and york River Railroad, 1864 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e69. Richmond and york River Railroad, 1864 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e70. Roanoke County, 1864 (1 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e71. Roanoke County, 1864 (2 of 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e72. Roanoke County, 1864\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e73. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Southern Section)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e74. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Southwestern Section)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e75. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Northern Section)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e76. Rockbridge County, 1863 (Northeastern Section)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e77. 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