{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1857\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=28","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1857\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=27","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1857\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=29","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1857\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=67"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":28,"next_page":29,"prev_page":27,"total_pages":67,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":270,"total_count":661,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2838_c09","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Jones Family Documents, 1719/1915","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2838_c09#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2838_c09","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2838_c09"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2838_c09","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2838","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2838","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2838","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2838","parent_ssim":["Jeremiah W. Graves Collection, 1836/1869"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2838"],"title_filing_ssi":"Jones Family Documents","title_ssm":["Jones Family Documents"],"title_tesim":["Jones Family Documents"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jones Family Documents, 1719/1915"],"text":["Jones Family Documents, 1719/1915","Jeremiah W. Graves Collection, 1836/1869","box 1","folder 9"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Jeremiah W. Graves Collection, 1836/1869"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Jeremiah W. Graves Collection, 1836/1869"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1719/1915"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1719-1915"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":9,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Jeremiah W. Graves Collection, 1836/1869"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 9"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish material from the Jeremiah W. Graves Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"date_range_isim":[1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915],"_nest_path_":"/components#8","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:18.677Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2838","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2838","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2838","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2838","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2838.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Graves, Jeremiah W. Collection","title_ssm":["Jeremiah W. Graves Collection"],"title_tesim":["Jeremiah W. Graves Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1836-1869"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1836-1869"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1836/1869"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jeremiah W. Graves Collection, 1836/1869"],"text":["Jeremiah W. Graves Collection, 1836/1869","Ms.2012.084","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Civil War","Slavery -- United States","Collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged chronologically by document type.","The collection relates primarily to the personal and business activities of Captain Jeremiah White Graves (1801-1878), a farmer, neighborhood financial advisor, real estate broker, and enslaver of people who resided in Cedar Hill, Pittsylvania County, Virginia.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Jeremiah W. Graves Collection was completed in December 2012.","Special Collections also holds related archival materials, the Jeremiah W. Graves Diary Ms.1990-033 (Consult the Online Finding Aid) and the Anna Whitehead Kenney Papers Ms.1990-022, who was Jeremiah W. Graves's great-granddaughter.","Additionally, there are materials of Jeremiah W. Graves housed at the University of Virginia's Special Collections department in Charlottesville.","The Jeremiah White Graves Collection includes a cash book, correspondence, receipts and ledger pages, newspaper clippings, and genealogy materials.","The manuscript portion of the collection consists of the cash book and account ledger pages documenting Graves' business ventures (sales of crops, purchases from local businesses, etc.) and correspondence created in Graves' role as a real estate broker and enslaver of people, as well as letters of a personal nature exchanged between family members.","The genealogy portion of the collection includes types copies of wills, deeds, and contracts, as well as typed, compiled histories for branches of the Graves, Whitehead, and Jones and Hunt families.","Permission to publish material from the Jeremiah W. Graves Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The Jeremiah W. Graves Collection includes a cash book, correspondence, receipts and ledger pages, newspaper clippings, and genealogy materials relating to the personal and business activities of Captain Jeremiah White Graves (1801-1878), a farmer, financial advisor, real estate broker, and enslaver of people in Cedar Hill, Pittsylvania County, Virginia.\n\nGenealogical materials in the collection relate to the histories for branches of the Graves, Whitehead, Hunt, and Jones families.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Graves, Jeremiah White (Pittsylvania County, Va.)","Kenney, Anna Whitehead","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Jeremiah W. Graves Collection, 1836/1869"],"collection_ssim":["Jeremiah W. Graves Collection, 1836/1869"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2012.084"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2012.084"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Graves, Jeremiah White (Pittsylvania County, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Graves, Jeremiah White (Pittsylvania County, Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Graves, Jeremiah White (Pittsylvania County, Va.)","Kenney, Anna Whitehead"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Graves, Jeremiah White (Pittsylvania County, Va.)","Kenney, Anna Whitehead","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from the Jeremiah W. Graves Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Jeremiah W. Graves Collection was purchased by Special Collections in October 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Civil War","Slavery -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Civil War","Slavery -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged chronologically by document type.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged chronologically by document type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection relates primarily to the personal and business activities of Captain Jeremiah White Graves (1801-1878), a farmer, neighborhood financial advisor, real estate broker, and enslaver of people who resided in Cedar Hill, Pittsylvania County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The collection relates primarily to the personal and business activities of Captain Jeremiah White Graves (1801-1878), a farmer, neighborhood financial advisor, real estate broker, and enslaver of people who resided in Cedar Hill, Pittsylvania County, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Jeremiah W. Graves Collection, Ms2012-084, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Jeremiah W. Graves Collection, Ms2012-084, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Jeremiah W. Graves Collection was completed in December 2012.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Jeremiah W. Graves Collection was completed in December 2012."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections also holds related archival materials, the Jeremiah W. Graves Diary Ms.1990-033 (Consult the \u003cextref href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00012.xml;query=Graves;brand=default\" title=\"Finding Aid\"\u003eOnline Finding Aid\u003c/extref\u003e) and the Anna Whitehead Kenney Papers Ms.1990-022, who was Jeremiah W. Graves's great-granddaughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, there are materials of Jeremiah W. Graves housed at the University of Virginia's Special Collections department in Charlottesville.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections also holds related archival materials, the Jeremiah W. Graves Diary Ms.1990-033 (Consult the Online Finding Aid) and the Anna Whitehead Kenney Papers Ms.1990-022, who was Jeremiah W. Graves's great-granddaughter.","Additionally, there are materials of Jeremiah W. Graves housed at the University of Virginia's Special Collections department in Charlottesville."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Jeremiah White Graves Collection includes a cash book, correspondence, receipts and ledger pages, newspaper clippings, and genealogy materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe manuscript portion of the collection consists of the cash book and account ledger pages documenting Graves' business ventures (sales of crops, purchases from local businesses, etc.) and correspondence created in Graves' role as a real estate broker and enslaver of people, as well as letters of a personal nature exchanged between family members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe genealogy portion of the collection includes types copies of wills, deeds, and contracts, as well as typed, compiled histories for branches of the Graves, Whitehead, and Jones and Hunt families. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Jeremiah White Graves Collection includes a cash book, correspondence, receipts and ledger pages, newspaper clippings, and genealogy materials.","The manuscript portion of the collection consists of the cash book and account ledger pages documenting Graves' business ventures (sales of crops, purchases from local businesses, etc.) and correspondence created in Graves' role as a real estate broker and enslaver of people, as well as letters of a personal nature exchanged between family members.","The genealogy portion of the collection includes types copies of wills, deeds, and contracts, as well as typed, compiled histories for branches of the Graves, Whitehead, and Jones and Hunt families."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from the Jeremiah W. Graves Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from the Jeremiah W. Graves Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_10e6dd6d36fef389f9309efd2b12d50f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Jeremiah W. Graves Collection includes a cash book, correspondence, receipts and ledger pages, newspaper clippings, and genealogy materials relating to the personal and business activities of Captain Jeremiah White Graves (1801-1878), a farmer, financial advisor, real estate broker, and enslaver of people in Cedar Hill, Pittsylvania County, Virginia.\n\nGenealogical materials in the collection relate to the histories for branches of the Graves, Whitehead, Hunt, and Jones families.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Jeremiah W. Graves Collection includes a cash book, correspondence, receipts and ledger pages, newspaper clippings, and genealogy materials relating to the personal and business activities of Captain Jeremiah White Graves (1801-1878), a farmer, financial advisor, real estate broker, and enslaver of people in Cedar Hill, Pittsylvania County, Virginia.\n\nGenealogical materials in the collection relate to the histories for branches of the Graves, Whitehead, Hunt, and Jones families."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Graves, Jeremiah White (Pittsylvania County, Va.)","Kenney, Anna Whitehead"],"names_coll_ssim":["Kenney, Anna Whitehead"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Graves, Jeremiah White (Pittsylvania County, Va.)","Kenney, Anna Whitehead"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":10,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:18.677Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2838_c09"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Joseph Kammerer Correspondence, 1854/1886","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01_c02","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01_c02"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01_c02","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01","parent_ssim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Series I: Correspondence, 1852/1905"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Joseph Kammerer Correspondence","title_ssm":["Joseph Kammerer Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Joseph Kammerer Correspondence"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joseph Kammerer Correspondence, 1854/1886"],"text":["Joseph Kammerer Correspondence, 1854/1886","Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Series I: Correspondence, 1852/1905","box 1","folder 2"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Series I: Correspondence, 1852/1905"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Series I: Correspondence, 1852/1905"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1854/1886"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1854-1886"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":3,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 2"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:32:04.214Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4023.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Kammerer Family Business Collection","title_ssm":["Kammerer Family Business Collection"],"title_tesim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1842-1914"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1842-1914"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1842/1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"text":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Ms.2022.079","Agriculture","Cocktails -- History","Cocktail History Collection","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink","The collection is open for research.","This collection is separated in to three series: Correspondence, Administrative, and Financial. Materials in each series are further arranged in chronological order or by the person whom they relate to.","Correspondence includes letters to and from John and Joseph Kammerer, as well as George W. Jones and general correspondence relating to the family business.","The administrative series includes documents relating to running the business, such as insurance records, a mill ledger, prescription pads, and advertisements.","The financial series contains materials such as checks, invoices, and receipts relating to the Kammerer family business.","The foreign language materials are in a folder separate from the rest of the collection as they have not been translated at this time.","Historical records indicate that John Kammerer was born in Geramny in 1793 and later immigrated to Pennsylvania, south of Pittsburgh. John was originally a miller and millwright, but he later opened a hotel and general merchandise store, which his son, Joseph, inherited after his death. Joseph Kammerer went on to expand family operations to include a dru goods store, a mill, and a distillery (well known in the late 19th century as Kammerer Pure Monongahela Rye Whiskey).","More information: http://pre-prowhiskeymen.blogspot.com/2022/04/how-kammerers-created-pennsylvania-town.html; http://www.pa-roots.org/data/read.php?811,444023","The guide to the Kammerer Family Business Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Kammerer Family Business Collection was completed in December 2022.","This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900. The documents in this collection reflect the operations and management of the Kammerer family land, farm, and businesses, which included, a various points: an inn/tavern, a grain mill, a distillery, and a dry goods store.","This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Kammerer, Joseph","Materials in this collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"collection_ssim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.079"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.079"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"creator_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by Special Collections in two accruals in April 2018 and April 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture","Cocktails -- History","Cocktail History Collection","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture","Cocktails -- History","Cocktail History Collection","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is separated in to three series: Correspondence, Administrative, and Financial. Materials in each series are further arranged in chronological order or by the person whom they relate to.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes letters to and from John and Joseph Kammerer, as well as George W. Jones and general correspondence relating to the family business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe administrative series includes documents relating to running the business, such as insurance records, a mill ledger, prescription pads, and advertisements. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe financial series contains materials such as checks, invoices, and receipts relating to the Kammerer family business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe foreign language materials are in a folder separate from the rest of the collection as they have not been translated at this time. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is separated in to three series: Correspondence, Administrative, and Financial. Materials in each series are further arranged in chronological order or by the person whom they relate to.","Correspondence includes letters to and from John and Joseph Kammerer, as well as George W. Jones and general correspondence relating to the family business.","The administrative series includes documents relating to running the business, such as insurance records, a mill ledger, prescription pads, and advertisements.","The financial series contains materials such as checks, invoices, and receipts relating to the Kammerer family business.","The foreign language materials are in a folder separate from the rest of the collection as they have not been translated at this time."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHistorical records indicate that John Kammerer was born in Geramny in 1793 and later immigrated to Pennsylvania, south of Pittsburgh. John was originally a miller and millwright, but he later opened a hotel and general merchandise store, which his son, Joseph, inherited after his death. Joseph Kammerer went on to expand family operations to include a dru goods store, a mill, and a distillery (well known in the late 19th century as Kammerer Pure Monongahela Rye Whiskey). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore information: http://pre-prowhiskeymen.blogspot.com/2022/04/how-kammerers-created-pennsylvania-town.html; http://www.pa-roots.org/data/read.php?811,444023\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Historical records indicate that John Kammerer was born in Geramny in 1793 and later immigrated to Pennsylvania, south of Pittsburgh. John was originally a miller and millwright, but he later opened a hotel and general merchandise store, which his son, Joseph, inherited after his death. Joseph Kammerer went on to expand family operations to include a dru goods store, a mill, and a distillery (well known in the late 19th century as Kammerer Pure Monongahela Rye Whiskey).","More information: http://pre-prowhiskeymen.blogspot.com/2022/04/how-kammerers-created-pennsylvania-town.html; http://www.pa-roots.org/data/read.php?811,444023"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Kammerer Family Business Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Kammerer Family Business Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842-1914, Ms2022-079, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842-1914, Ms2022-079, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Kammerer Family Business Collection was completed in December 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Kammerer Family Business Collection was completed in December 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900. The documents in this collection reflect the operations and management of the Kammerer family land, farm, and businesses, which included, a various points: an inn/tavern, a grain mill, a distillery, and a dry goods store.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900. The documents in this collection reflect the operations and management of the Kammerer family land, farm, and businesses, which included, a various points: an inn/tavern, a grain mill, a distillery, and a dry goods store."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d3df42b199000694be35ee0543a42c3c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Kammerer, Joseph"],"language_ssim":["Materials in this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":30,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:32:04.214Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01_c02"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c03_c05","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Joseph Kammerer Receipts, 1854/1882","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c03_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c03_c05","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c03_c05"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c03_c05","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c03","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c03","parent_ssim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Series III: Financial, 1842/1914"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c03"],"title_filing_ssi":"Joseph Kammerer Receipts","title_ssm":["Joseph Kammerer Receipts"],"title_tesim":["Joseph Kammerer Receipts"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joseph Kammerer Receipts, 1854/1882"],"text":["Joseph Kammerer Receipts, 1854/1882","Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Series III: Financial, 1842/1914","box 1","folder 16"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Series III: Financial, 1842/1914"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Series III: Financial, 1842/1914"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1854/1882"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1854-1882"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":20,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 16"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#4","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:32:04.214Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4023.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Kammerer Family Business Collection","title_ssm":["Kammerer Family Business Collection"],"title_tesim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1842-1914"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1842-1914"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1842/1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"text":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Ms.2022.079","Agriculture","Cocktails -- History","Cocktail History Collection","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink","The collection is open for research.","This collection is separated in to three series: Correspondence, Administrative, and Financial. Materials in each series are further arranged in chronological order or by the person whom they relate to.","Correspondence includes letters to and from John and Joseph Kammerer, as well as George W. Jones and general correspondence relating to the family business.","The administrative series includes documents relating to running the business, such as insurance records, a mill ledger, prescription pads, and advertisements.","The financial series contains materials such as checks, invoices, and receipts relating to the Kammerer family business.","The foreign language materials are in a folder separate from the rest of the collection as they have not been translated at this time.","Historical records indicate that John Kammerer was born in Geramny in 1793 and later immigrated to Pennsylvania, south of Pittsburgh. John was originally a miller and millwright, but he later opened a hotel and general merchandise store, which his son, Joseph, inherited after his death. Joseph Kammerer went on to expand family operations to include a dru goods store, a mill, and a distillery (well known in the late 19th century as Kammerer Pure Monongahela Rye Whiskey).","More information: http://pre-prowhiskeymen.blogspot.com/2022/04/how-kammerers-created-pennsylvania-town.html; http://www.pa-roots.org/data/read.php?811,444023","The guide to the Kammerer Family Business Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Kammerer Family Business Collection was completed in December 2022.","This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900. The documents in this collection reflect the operations and management of the Kammerer family land, farm, and businesses, which included, a various points: an inn/tavern, a grain mill, a distillery, and a dry goods store.","This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Kammerer, Joseph","Materials in this collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"collection_ssim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.079"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.079"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"creator_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by Special Collections in two accruals in April 2018 and April 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture","Cocktails -- History","Cocktail History Collection","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture","Cocktails -- History","Cocktail History Collection","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is separated in to three series: Correspondence, Administrative, and Financial. Materials in each series are further arranged in chronological order or by the person whom they relate to.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes letters to and from John and Joseph Kammerer, as well as George W. Jones and general correspondence relating to the family business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe administrative series includes documents relating to running the business, such as insurance records, a mill ledger, prescription pads, and advertisements. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe financial series contains materials such as checks, invoices, and receipts relating to the Kammerer family business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe foreign language materials are in a folder separate from the rest of the collection as they have not been translated at this time. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is separated in to three series: Correspondence, Administrative, and Financial. Materials in each series are further arranged in chronological order or by the person whom they relate to.","Correspondence includes letters to and from John and Joseph Kammerer, as well as George W. Jones and general correspondence relating to the family business.","The administrative series includes documents relating to running the business, such as insurance records, a mill ledger, prescription pads, and advertisements.","The financial series contains materials such as checks, invoices, and receipts relating to the Kammerer family business.","The foreign language materials are in a folder separate from the rest of the collection as they have not been translated at this time."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHistorical records indicate that John Kammerer was born in Geramny in 1793 and later immigrated to Pennsylvania, south of Pittsburgh. John was originally a miller and millwright, but he later opened a hotel and general merchandise store, which his son, Joseph, inherited after his death. Joseph Kammerer went on to expand family operations to include a dru goods store, a mill, and a distillery (well known in the late 19th century as Kammerer Pure Monongahela Rye Whiskey). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore information: http://pre-prowhiskeymen.blogspot.com/2022/04/how-kammerers-created-pennsylvania-town.html; http://www.pa-roots.org/data/read.php?811,444023\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Historical records indicate that John Kammerer was born in Geramny in 1793 and later immigrated to Pennsylvania, south of Pittsburgh. John was originally a miller and millwright, but he later opened a hotel and general merchandise store, which his son, Joseph, inherited after his death. Joseph Kammerer went on to expand family operations to include a dru goods store, a mill, and a distillery (well known in the late 19th century as Kammerer Pure Monongahela Rye Whiskey).","More information: http://pre-prowhiskeymen.blogspot.com/2022/04/how-kammerers-created-pennsylvania-town.html; http://www.pa-roots.org/data/read.php?811,444023"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Kammerer Family Business Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Kammerer Family Business Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842-1914, Ms2022-079, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842-1914, Ms2022-079, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Kammerer Family Business Collection was completed in December 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Kammerer Family Business Collection was completed in December 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900. The documents in this collection reflect the operations and management of the Kammerer family land, farm, and businesses, which included, a various points: an inn/tavern, a grain mill, a distillery, and a dry goods store.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900. The documents in this collection reflect the operations and management of the Kammerer family land, farm, and businesses, which included, a various points: an inn/tavern, a grain mill, a distillery, and a dry goods store."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d3df42b199000694be35ee0543a42c3c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Kammerer, Joseph"],"language_ssim":["Materials in this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":30,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:32:04.214Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c03_c05"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c02_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Joseph [Stark] Dillard, 1816/1857","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c02_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c02_c02","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c02_c02"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c02_c02","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c02","parent_ssim":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955","Series II: Financial Documents, 1816/1955"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Joseph [Stark] Dillard","title_ssm":["Joseph [Stark] Dillard"],"title_tesim":["Joseph [Stark] Dillard"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joseph [Stark] Dillard, 1816/1857"],"text":["Joseph [Stark] Dillard, 1816/1857","Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955","Series II: Financial Documents, 1816/1955","box 1","folder 25"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955","Series II: Financial Documents, 1816/1955"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955","Series II: Financial Documents, 1816/1955"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1816/1857"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1816-1857"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":28,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 25"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["This collection is largely in the public domain due to its age. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to more recent materials. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:53.578Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3580.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Dillard-Larkin Family Papers","title_ssm":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1809-1955"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-1955"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1809/1955"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955"],"text":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955","Ms.2021.045","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Virginia -- History","The collection is open for research.","The Dillard-Larkin Family Papers collection is arranged in 3 series, correspondence, financial, and personal papers. The collection also contains photographs and speeches that are not assigned a series.","Series I: Correspondence, 1809-1930, contains personal correspondence between members of the Dillard, Larkin, Christian, Turner, and Wallace families. The bulk of the correspondence is to or from the Dillard or Larkin families. Contents are arranged into folders by author, though folders will occasionally contain both incoming and outgoing correspondence. If a folder contains incoming correspondence, it is addressed to the name in the title of the folder.","Series II: Financial Documents, 1816-1920, 1943-1955, contains one subseries titled \"Ledgers.\" This subseries contains bound record, account, or estate books belonging to the Dillard and Larkin families. The rest of the series contains financial documents such as bills and receipts organized by the individual to whom they belonged.","Series III: Personal Papers, 1819, 1840-1902, is organized by type of document.","The photographs folder contains all photographs within the collection.","The speeches folder contains all written speeches or speech excerpts within the collection.","The guide to the Dillard-Larkin Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Dillard-Larkin Family Papers was completed in March 2022.","This collection contains correspondence to and from the Dillard, Larkin, Turner, Christian, and Wallace families. The collection also includes financial documents and records, speeches, photographs, and personal papers from the Dillard and Larkin families. Materials range from approximately 1811-1955.","Series I: Correspondence, 1809-1930, contains personal correspondence between members of the Dillard, Larkin, Christian, Turner, and Wallace families. The bulk of the correspondence is to or from the Dillard or Larkin families. Some of the correspondence is related to legal proceedings or court cases, as a number of Dillard family members worked as attorneys or lawyers.","Series II: Financial Documents, 1816-1920, 1943-1955, contains one subseries titled \"Ledgers.\" This subseries contains bound record, account, or estate books belonging to the Dillard and Larkin families. The rest of the series contains financial documents such as bills and receipts from the families of the collection.","Series III: Personal Papers, 1819, 1840-1902 includes school reports, calling cards, Larkin ephemera, Dillard court case papers, Dillard notes on the practice of medicine, and a scrapbook.","The folder titled \"Photographs,\" which does not have a series, contains pictures taken in the 1920s. The photographs include people related to the Larkin family and various Larkin properties.","The folder titled \"Speeches,\" which does not have a series, contains manuscript copies of speeches or excerpts of speeches, including a speech given by Terisha Washington Dillard.","This collection is largely in the public domain due to its age. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to more recent materials. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains correspondence to and from the Dillard, Larkin, Turner, Christian, and Wallace families. The collection also includes financial documents and records, speeches, photographs, and personal papers from the Dillard and Larkin families. Materials range from approximately 1811 through 1955.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Dillard family","Larkin family","Dillard, James Spotswood, 1791-1866","Dillard, Terisha Washington, 1817-1863","The materials in this collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955"],"collection_ssim":["Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, 1809/1955"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2021.045"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2021.045"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Dillard, James Spotswood, 1791-1866","Dillard, Terisha Washington, 1817-1863","Dillard family","Larkin family"],"creator_ssim":["Dillard, James Spotswood, 1791-1866","Dillard, Terisha Washington, 1817-1863","Dillard family","Larkin family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Dillard, James Spotswood, 1791-1866","Dillard, Terisha Washington, 1817-1863"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Dillard family","Larkin family"],"creators_ssim":["Dillard, James Spotswood, 1791-1866","Dillard, Terisha Washington, 1817-1863","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Dillard family","Larkin family"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection is largely in the public domain due to its age. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to more recent materials. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Dillard-Larkin Family Papers were purchased in multiple accessions in 2020 and 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Virginia -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Virginia -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.9 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.9 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Dillard-Larkin Family Papers collection is arranged in 3 series, correspondence, financial, and personal papers. The collection also contains photographs and speeches that are not assigned a series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Correspondence, 1809-1930, contains personal correspondence between members of the Dillard, Larkin, Christian, Turner, and Wallace families. The bulk of the correspondence is to or from the Dillard or Larkin families. Contents are arranged into folders by author, though folders will occasionally contain both incoming and outgoing correspondence. If a folder contains incoming correspondence, it is addressed to the name in the title of the folder. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Financial Documents, 1816-1920, 1943-1955, contains one subseries titled \"Ledgers.\" This subseries contains bound record, account, or estate books belonging to the Dillard and Larkin families. The rest of the series contains financial documents such as bills and receipts organized by the individual to whom they belonged. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Personal Papers, 1819, 1840-1902, is organized by type of document. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photographs folder contains all photographs within the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe speeches folder contains all written speeches or speech excerpts within the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Dillard-Larkin Family Papers collection is arranged in 3 series, correspondence, financial, and personal papers. The collection also contains photographs and speeches that are not assigned a series.","Series I: Correspondence, 1809-1930, contains personal correspondence between members of the Dillard, Larkin, Christian, Turner, and Wallace families. The bulk of the correspondence is to or from the Dillard or Larkin families. Contents are arranged into folders by author, though folders will occasionally contain both incoming and outgoing correspondence. If a folder contains incoming correspondence, it is addressed to the name in the title of the folder.","Series II: Financial Documents, 1816-1920, 1943-1955, contains one subseries titled \"Ledgers.\" This subseries contains bound record, account, or estate books belonging to the Dillard and Larkin families. The rest of the series contains financial documents such as bills and receipts organized by the individual to whom they belonged.","Series III: Personal Papers, 1819, 1840-1902, is organized by type of document.","The photographs folder contains all photographs within the collection.","The speeches folder contains all written speeches or speech excerpts within the collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Dillard-Larkin Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Dillard-Larkin Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, Ms2021-045, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Dillard-Larkin Family Papers, Ms2021-045, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Dillard-Larkin Family Papers was completed in March 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Dillard-Larkin Family Papers was completed in March 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains correspondence to and from the Dillard, Larkin, Turner, Christian, and Wallace families. The collection also includes financial documents and records, speeches, photographs, and personal papers from the Dillard and Larkin families. Materials range from approximately 1811-1955.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Correspondence, 1809-1930, contains personal correspondence between members of the Dillard, Larkin, Christian, Turner, and Wallace families. The bulk of the correspondence is to or from the Dillard or Larkin families. Some of the correspondence is related to legal proceedings or court cases, as a number of Dillard family members worked as attorneys or lawyers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Financial Documents, 1816-1920, 1943-1955, contains one subseries titled \"Ledgers.\" This subseries contains bound record, account, or estate books belonging to the Dillard and Larkin families. The rest of the series contains financial documents such as bills and receipts from the families of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Personal Papers, 1819, 1840-1902 includes school reports, calling cards, Larkin ephemera, Dillard court case papers, Dillard notes on the practice of medicine, and a scrapbook.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder titled \"Photographs,\" which does not have a series, contains pictures taken in the 1920s. The photographs include people related to the Larkin family and various Larkin properties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder titled \"Speeches,\" which does not have a series, contains manuscript copies of speeches or excerpts of speeches, including a speech given by Terisha Washington Dillard. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains correspondence to and from the Dillard, Larkin, Turner, Christian, and Wallace families. The collection also includes financial documents and records, speeches, photographs, and personal papers from the Dillard and Larkin families. Materials range from approximately 1811-1955.","Series I: Correspondence, 1809-1930, contains personal correspondence between members of the Dillard, Larkin, Christian, Turner, and Wallace families. The bulk of the correspondence is to or from the Dillard or Larkin families. Some of the correspondence is related to legal proceedings or court cases, as a number of Dillard family members worked as attorneys or lawyers.","Series II: Financial Documents, 1816-1920, 1943-1955, contains one subseries titled \"Ledgers.\" This subseries contains bound record, account, or estate books belonging to the Dillard and Larkin families. The rest of the series contains financial documents such as bills and receipts from the families of the collection.","Series III: Personal Papers, 1819, 1840-1902 includes school reports, calling cards, Larkin ephemera, Dillard court case papers, Dillard notes on the practice of medicine, and a scrapbook.","The folder titled \"Photographs,\" which does not have a series, contains pictures taken in the 1920s. The photographs include people related to the Larkin family and various Larkin properties.","The folder titled \"Speeches,\" which does not have a series, contains manuscript copies of speeches or excerpts of speeches, including a speech given by Terisha Washington Dillard."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is largely in the public domain due to its age. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to more recent materials. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection is largely in the public domain due to its age. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply to more recent materials. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_dfab9957c51b421b51b801b191656a2e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains correspondence to and from the Dillard, Larkin, Turner, Christian, and Wallace families. The collection also includes financial documents and records, speeches, photographs, and personal papers from the Dillard and Larkin families. Materials range from approximately 1811 through 1955.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains correspondence to and from the Dillard, Larkin, Turner, Christian, and Wallace families. The collection also includes financial documents and records, speeches, photographs, and personal papers from the Dillard and Larkin families. Materials range from approximately 1811 through 1955."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Dillard family","Larkin family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Dillard family","Larkin family"],"persname_ssim":["Dillard, James Spotswood, 1791-1866","Dillard, Terisha Washington, 1817-1863"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Dillard family","Larkin family","Dillard, James Spotswood, 1791-1866","Dillard, Terisha Washington, 1817-1863"],"language_ssim":["The materials in this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":55,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:53.578Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3580_c02_c02"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1338","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers, 1852/1870","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1338#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, 1831-1863?","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1338#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains the letters of Joshua Gilman Hawkes, a sergeant in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry during the American Civil War. It also includes letters to Hawkes' family from friends and relatives following Hawkes' death.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1338#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1338","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1338","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1338","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1338","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1338.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, Papers","title_ssm":["Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers"],"title_tesim":["Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1852-1870"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1852-1870"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1852/1870"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers, 1852/1870"],"text":["Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers, 1852/1870","Ms.1979.003","/repositories/2/resources/1338","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged in a rough chronological order, with Hawkes' antebellum papers preceding his American Civil War letters. Posthumous correspondence and tributes from friends and schoolmates complete the collection.","Joshua Gilman Hawkes, son of Joshua and Abigail Bancroft Hawkes, was born in Lynnfield, Massachusetts, on August 18, 1831. After serving as an apprentice manufacturer of sash doors and blinds, Hawkes attended school in Vermont. He graduated from Amherst College in 1859, and became principal of Conway Academy (Conway, Massachusetts). Hawkes left Conway in late 1861, returning to Lynnfield, where he resumed his studies and also took private lessons in military tactics. During the American Civil War, he enlisted in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry for a nine-month term of service on September 8, 1862. Eventually attaining the rank of sergeant, Hawkes participated in the occupation of Baton Rouge and the siege of Port Hudson. On the night of July 23, 1863, his regiment's term of service having expired, Hawkes was among those who boarded the steamer Henry Chouteau, bound for Cairo, Illinois, from which the 52nd would depart for Massachusetts. Hawkes, ill with dysentery, was expected after his recovery to accept an officer's commission in United States Colored Troops regiment. During the first night on the river, however, Hawkes disappeared and was assumed to have drowned.","The guide to the Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers commenced and was completed in January, 2013.","This collection contains letters of Joshua Gilman Hawkes, a sergeant in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry during the American Civil War. The letters commence with Hawkes writing from Camp Miller (Greenfield, Massachusetts). In a letter to his sister, Hawkes describes camp life, discusses personal acquaintances, and briefly mentions the Emancipation Proclamation. In successive letters, Hawkes reports movements of and conditions aboard the steamer Illinois and describes conditions in the Mississippi Delta and at New Orleans. In addition to relaying descriptions of skirmishes, troop movements, and incidents of camp life, Hawkes describes in detail his 1863 New Year's dinner and frequently describes in detail food and drink served in camp and found through foraging. He also relates the story of a runaway enslaved person and provides several lengthy descriptions of and anecdotes about contrabands and African-American soldiers. Hawkes expresses opinions on the conduct of the war and is critical in his assessment of the high command and the Lincoln administration, as well as the newspapers of the day. Elsewhere, he writes of lice and fleas, the lack of hygiene among New York regiments, and the southern terrain and climate.","Also within the collection are a few antebellum items, including \"A Description of a Virginia Christmas,\" a poem written by Mary Hawkes in 1852; an anonymous Valentine poem; character references written on Hawkes' behalf;  and receipts for life insurance premiums. The collection also contains correspondence received by relatives following Hawkes' death. Included is a letter from J. W. Larkin intended for Hawkes and offering him a lieutenant's commission in a United States Colored Troops regiment. Among the remaining letters are several from friends and former schoolmates, containing memorial tributes to Hawkes. An 1870 letter from Hawkes' Amherst classmate Henry W. Smith is accompanied by a biographical sketch of Hawkes.","Many of the letters are marked \"copy,\" and these copies appear to have been made by a family member, probably sister Mary Hawkes, and probably shortly following Hawkes' death. Some of the original letters of condolence in the collection are accompanied by copies in this same hand. A few of the letters are accompanied by typed transcripts.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the letters of Joshua Gilman Hawkes, a sergeant in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry during the American Civil War. It also includes letters to Hawkes' family from friends and relatives following Hawkes' death.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, 1831-1863?","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers, 1852/1870"],"collection_ssim":["Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers, 1852/1870"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1979.003","/repositories/2/resources/1338"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1979.003","/repositories/2/resources/1338"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, 1831-1863?"],"creator_ssim":["Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, 1831-1863?"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, 1831-1863?"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, 1831-1863?","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers were donated to Special Collections in 1979."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/39\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in a rough chronological order, with Hawkes' antebellum papers preceding his American Civil War letters. Posthumous correspondence and tributes from friends and schoolmates complete the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in a rough chronological order, with Hawkes' antebellum papers preceding his American Civil War letters. Posthumous correspondence and tributes from friends and schoolmates complete the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoshua Gilman Hawkes, son of Joshua and Abigail Bancroft Hawkes, was born in Lynnfield, Massachusetts, on August 18, 1831. After serving as an apprentice manufacturer of sash doors and blinds, Hawkes attended school in Vermont. He graduated from Amherst College in 1859, and became principal of Conway Academy (Conway, Massachusetts). Hawkes left Conway in late 1861, returning to Lynnfield, where he resumed his studies and also took private lessons in military tactics. During the American Civil War, he enlisted in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry for a nine-month term of service on September 8, 1862. Eventually attaining the rank of sergeant, Hawkes participated in the occupation of Baton Rouge and the siege of Port Hudson. On the night of July 23, 1863, his regiment's term of service having expired, Hawkes was among those who boarded the steamer \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHenry Chouteau\u003c/title\u003e, bound for Cairo, Illinois, from which the 52nd would depart for Massachusetts. Hawkes, ill with dysentery, was expected after his recovery to accept an officer's commission in United States Colored Troops regiment. During the first night on the river, however, Hawkes disappeared and was assumed to have drowned.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joshua Gilman Hawkes, son of Joshua and Abigail Bancroft Hawkes, was born in Lynnfield, Massachusetts, on August 18, 1831. After serving as an apprentice manufacturer of sash doors and blinds, Hawkes attended school in Vermont. He graduated from Amherst College in 1859, and became principal of Conway Academy (Conway, Massachusetts). Hawkes left Conway in late 1861, returning to Lynnfield, where he resumed his studies and also took private lessons in military tactics. During the American Civil War, he enlisted in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry for a nine-month term of service on September 8, 1862. Eventually attaining the rank of sergeant, Hawkes participated in the occupation of Baton Rouge and the siege of Port Hudson. On the night of July 23, 1863, his regiment's term of service having expired, Hawkes was among those who boarded the steamer Henry Chouteau, bound for Cairo, Illinois, from which the 52nd would depart for Massachusetts. Hawkes, ill with dysentery, was expected after his recovery to accept an officer's commission in United States Colored Troops regiment. During the first night on the river, however, Hawkes disappeared and was assumed to have drowned."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers, Ms1979-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers, Ms1979-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers commenced and was completed in January, 2013.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers commenced and was completed in January, 2013."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains letters of Joshua Gilman Hawkes, a sergeant in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry during the American Civil War. The letters commence with Hawkes writing from Camp Miller (Greenfield, Massachusetts). In a letter to his sister, Hawkes describes camp life, discusses personal acquaintances, and briefly mentions the Emancipation Proclamation. In successive letters, Hawkes reports movements of and conditions aboard the steamer \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eIllinois\u003c/title\u003e and describes conditions in the Mississippi Delta and at New Orleans. In addition to relaying descriptions of skirmishes, troop movements, and incidents of camp life, Hawkes describes in detail his 1863 New Year's dinner and frequently describes in detail food and drink served in camp and found through foraging. He also relates the story of a runaway enslaved person and provides several lengthy descriptions of and anecdotes about contrabands and African-American soldiers. Hawkes expresses opinions on the conduct of the war and is critical in his assessment of the high command and the Lincoln administration, as well as the newspapers of the day. Elsewhere, he writes of lice and fleas, the lack of hygiene among New York regiments, and the southern terrain and climate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso within the collection are a few antebellum items, including \"A Description of a Virginia Christmas,\" a poem written by Mary Hawkes in 1852; an anonymous Valentine poem; character references written on Hawkes' behalf;  and receipts for life insurance premiums. The collection also contains correspondence received by relatives following Hawkes' death. Included is a letter from J. W. Larkin intended for Hawkes and offering him a lieutenant's commission in a United States Colored Troops regiment. Among the remaining letters are several from friends and former schoolmates, containing memorial tributes to Hawkes. An 1870 letter from Hawkes' Amherst classmate Henry W. Smith is accompanied by a biographical sketch of Hawkes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the letters are marked \"copy,\" and these copies appear to have been made by a family member, probably sister Mary Hawkes, and probably shortly following Hawkes' death. Some of the original letters of condolence in the collection are accompanied by copies in this same hand. A few of the letters are accompanied by typed transcripts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains letters of Joshua Gilman Hawkes, a sergeant in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry during the American Civil War. The letters commence with Hawkes writing from Camp Miller (Greenfield, Massachusetts). In a letter to his sister, Hawkes describes camp life, discusses personal acquaintances, and briefly mentions the Emancipation Proclamation. In successive letters, Hawkes reports movements of and conditions aboard the steamer Illinois and describes conditions in the Mississippi Delta and at New Orleans. In addition to relaying descriptions of skirmishes, troop movements, and incidents of camp life, Hawkes describes in detail his 1863 New Year's dinner and frequently describes in detail food and drink served in camp and found through foraging. He also relates the story of a runaway enslaved person and provides several lengthy descriptions of and anecdotes about contrabands and African-American soldiers. Hawkes expresses opinions on the conduct of the war and is critical in his assessment of the high command and the Lincoln administration, as well as the newspapers of the day. Elsewhere, he writes of lice and fleas, the lack of hygiene among New York regiments, and the southern terrain and climate.","Also within the collection are a few antebellum items, including \"A Description of a Virginia Christmas,\" a poem written by Mary Hawkes in 1852; an anonymous Valentine poem; character references written on Hawkes' behalf;  and receipts for life insurance premiums. The collection also contains correspondence received by relatives following Hawkes' death. Included is a letter from J. W. Larkin intended for Hawkes and offering him a lieutenant's commission in a United States Colored Troops regiment. Among the remaining letters are several from friends and former schoolmates, containing memorial tributes to Hawkes. An 1870 letter from Hawkes' Amherst classmate Henry W. Smith is accompanied by a biographical sketch of Hawkes.","Many of the letters are marked \"copy,\" and these copies appear to have been made by a family member, probably sister Mary Hawkes, and probably shortly following Hawkes' death. Some of the original letters of condolence in the collection are accompanied by copies in this same hand. A few of the letters are accompanied by typed transcripts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9a438ae252eb753afbb2cf2a9f8aae9f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the letters of Joshua Gilman Hawkes, a sergeant in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry during the American Civil War. It also includes letters to Hawkes' family from friends and relatives following Hawkes' death.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the letters of Joshua Gilman Hawkes, a sergeant in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry during the American Civil War. It also includes letters to Hawkes' family from friends and relatives following Hawkes' death."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, 1831-1863?"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, 1831-1863?"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":31,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:29:20.309Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1338","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1338","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1338","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1338","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1338.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, Papers","title_ssm":["Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers"],"title_tesim":["Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1852-1870"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1852-1870"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1852/1870"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers, 1852/1870"],"text":["Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers, 1852/1870","Ms.1979.003","/repositories/2/resources/1338","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged in a rough chronological order, with Hawkes' antebellum papers preceding his American Civil War letters. Posthumous correspondence and tributes from friends and schoolmates complete the collection.","Joshua Gilman Hawkes, son of Joshua and Abigail Bancroft Hawkes, was born in Lynnfield, Massachusetts, on August 18, 1831. After serving as an apprentice manufacturer of sash doors and blinds, Hawkes attended school in Vermont. He graduated from Amherst College in 1859, and became principal of Conway Academy (Conway, Massachusetts). Hawkes left Conway in late 1861, returning to Lynnfield, where he resumed his studies and also took private lessons in military tactics. During the American Civil War, he enlisted in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry for a nine-month term of service on September 8, 1862. Eventually attaining the rank of sergeant, Hawkes participated in the occupation of Baton Rouge and the siege of Port Hudson. On the night of July 23, 1863, his regiment's term of service having expired, Hawkes was among those who boarded the steamer Henry Chouteau, bound for Cairo, Illinois, from which the 52nd would depart for Massachusetts. Hawkes, ill with dysentery, was expected after his recovery to accept an officer's commission in United States Colored Troops regiment. During the first night on the river, however, Hawkes disappeared and was assumed to have drowned.","The guide to the Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers commenced and was completed in January, 2013.","This collection contains letters of Joshua Gilman Hawkes, a sergeant in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry during the American Civil War. The letters commence with Hawkes writing from Camp Miller (Greenfield, Massachusetts). In a letter to his sister, Hawkes describes camp life, discusses personal acquaintances, and briefly mentions the Emancipation Proclamation. In successive letters, Hawkes reports movements of and conditions aboard the steamer Illinois and describes conditions in the Mississippi Delta and at New Orleans. In addition to relaying descriptions of skirmishes, troop movements, and incidents of camp life, Hawkes describes in detail his 1863 New Year's dinner and frequently describes in detail food and drink served in camp and found through foraging. He also relates the story of a runaway enslaved person and provides several lengthy descriptions of and anecdotes about contrabands and African-American soldiers. Hawkes expresses opinions on the conduct of the war and is critical in his assessment of the high command and the Lincoln administration, as well as the newspapers of the day. Elsewhere, he writes of lice and fleas, the lack of hygiene among New York regiments, and the southern terrain and climate.","Also within the collection are a few antebellum items, including \"A Description of a Virginia Christmas,\" a poem written by Mary Hawkes in 1852; an anonymous Valentine poem; character references written on Hawkes' behalf;  and receipts for life insurance premiums. The collection also contains correspondence received by relatives following Hawkes' death. Included is a letter from J. W. Larkin intended for Hawkes and offering him a lieutenant's commission in a United States Colored Troops regiment. Among the remaining letters are several from friends and former schoolmates, containing memorial tributes to Hawkes. An 1870 letter from Hawkes' Amherst classmate Henry W. Smith is accompanied by a biographical sketch of Hawkes.","Many of the letters are marked \"copy,\" and these copies appear to have been made by a family member, probably sister Mary Hawkes, and probably shortly following Hawkes' death. Some of the original letters of condolence in the collection are accompanied by copies in this same hand. A few of the letters are accompanied by typed transcripts.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the letters of Joshua Gilman Hawkes, a sergeant in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry during the American Civil War. It also includes letters to Hawkes' family from friends and relatives following Hawkes' death.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, 1831-1863?","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers, 1852/1870"],"collection_ssim":["Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers, 1852/1870"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1979.003","/repositories/2/resources/1338"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1979.003","/repositories/2/resources/1338"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, 1831-1863?"],"creator_ssim":["Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, 1831-1863?"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, 1831-1863?"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, 1831-1863?","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers were donated to Special Collections in 1979."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/39\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in a rough chronological order, with Hawkes' antebellum papers preceding his American Civil War letters. Posthumous correspondence and tributes from friends and schoolmates complete the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in a rough chronological order, with Hawkes' antebellum papers preceding his American Civil War letters. Posthumous correspondence and tributes from friends and schoolmates complete the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoshua Gilman Hawkes, son of Joshua and Abigail Bancroft Hawkes, was born in Lynnfield, Massachusetts, on August 18, 1831. After serving as an apprentice manufacturer of sash doors and blinds, Hawkes attended school in Vermont. He graduated from Amherst College in 1859, and became principal of Conway Academy (Conway, Massachusetts). Hawkes left Conway in late 1861, returning to Lynnfield, where he resumed his studies and also took private lessons in military tactics. During the American Civil War, he enlisted in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry for a nine-month term of service on September 8, 1862. Eventually attaining the rank of sergeant, Hawkes participated in the occupation of Baton Rouge and the siege of Port Hudson. On the night of July 23, 1863, his regiment's term of service having expired, Hawkes was among those who boarded the steamer \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHenry Chouteau\u003c/title\u003e, bound for Cairo, Illinois, from which the 52nd would depart for Massachusetts. Hawkes, ill with dysentery, was expected after his recovery to accept an officer's commission in United States Colored Troops regiment. During the first night on the river, however, Hawkes disappeared and was assumed to have drowned.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joshua Gilman Hawkes, son of Joshua and Abigail Bancroft Hawkes, was born in Lynnfield, Massachusetts, on August 18, 1831. After serving as an apprentice manufacturer of sash doors and blinds, Hawkes attended school in Vermont. He graduated from Amherst College in 1859, and became principal of Conway Academy (Conway, Massachusetts). Hawkes left Conway in late 1861, returning to Lynnfield, where he resumed his studies and also took private lessons in military tactics. During the American Civil War, he enlisted in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry for a nine-month term of service on September 8, 1862. Eventually attaining the rank of sergeant, Hawkes participated in the occupation of Baton Rouge and the siege of Port Hudson. On the night of July 23, 1863, his regiment's term of service having expired, Hawkes was among those who boarded the steamer Henry Chouteau, bound for Cairo, Illinois, from which the 52nd would depart for Massachusetts. Hawkes, ill with dysentery, was expected after his recovery to accept an officer's commission in United States Colored Troops regiment. During the first night on the river, however, Hawkes disappeared and was assumed to have drowned."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers, Ms1979-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers, Ms1979-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers commenced and was completed in January, 2013.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Joshua Gilman Hawkes Papers commenced and was completed in January, 2013."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains letters of Joshua Gilman Hawkes, a sergeant in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry during the American Civil War. The letters commence with Hawkes writing from Camp Miller (Greenfield, Massachusetts). In a letter to his sister, Hawkes describes camp life, discusses personal acquaintances, and briefly mentions the Emancipation Proclamation. In successive letters, Hawkes reports movements of and conditions aboard the steamer \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eIllinois\u003c/title\u003e and describes conditions in the Mississippi Delta and at New Orleans. In addition to relaying descriptions of skirmishes, troop movements, and incidents of camp life, Hawkes describes in detail his 1863 New Year's dinner and frequently describes in detail food and drink served in camp and found through foraging. He also relates the story of a runaway enslaved person and provides several lengthy descriptions of and anecdotes about contrabands and African-American soldiers. Hawkes expresses opinions on the conduct of the war and is critical in his assessment of the high command and the Lincoln administration, as well as the newspapers of the day. Elsewhere, he writes of lice and fleas, the lack of hygiene among New York regiments, and the southern terrain and climate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso within the collection are a few antebellum items, including \"A Description of a Virginia Christmas,\" a poem written by Mary Hawkes in 1852; an anonymous Valentine poem; character references written on Hawkes' behalf;  and receipts for life insurance premiums. The collection also contains correspondence received by relatives following Hawkes' death. Included is a letter from J. W. Larkin intended for Hawkes and offering him a lieutenant's commission in a United States Colored Troops regiment. Among the remaining letters are several from friends and former schoolmates, containing memorial tributes to Hawkes. An 1870 letter from Hawkes' Amherst classmate Henry W. Smith is accompanied by a biographical sketch of Hawkes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the letters are marked \"copy,\" and these copies appear to have been made by a family member, probably sister Mary Hawkes, and probably shortly following Hawkes' death. Some of the original letters of condolence in the collection are accompanied by copies in this same hand. A few of the letters are accompanied by typed transcripts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains letters of Joshua Gilman Hawkes, a sergeant in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry during the American Civil War. The letters commence with Hawkes writing from Camp Miller (Greenfield, Massachusetts). In a letter to his sister, Hawkes describes camp life, discusses personal acquaintances, and briefly mentions the Emancipation Proclamation. In successive letters, Hawkes reports movements of and conditions aboard the steamer Illinois and describes conditions in the Mississippi Delta and at New Orleans. In addition to relaying descriptions of skirmishes, troop movements, and incidents of camp life, Hawkes describes in detail his 1863 New Year's dinner and frequently describes in detail food and drink served in camp and found through foraging. He also relates the story of a runaway enslaved person and provides several lengthy descriptions of and anecdotes about contrabands and African-American soldiers. Hawkes expresses opinions on the conduct of the war and is critical in his assessment of the high command and the Lincoln administration, as well as the newspapers of the day. Elsewhere, he writes of lice and fleas, the lack of hygiene among New York regiments, and the southern terrain and climate.","Also within the collection are a few antebellum items, including \"A Description of a Virginia Christmas,\" a poem written by Mary Hawkes in 1852; an anonymous Valentine poem; character references written on Hawkes' behalf;  and receipts for life insurance premiums. The collection also contains correspondence received by relatives following Hawkes' death. Included is a letter from J. W. Larkin intended for Hawkes and offering him a lieutenant's commission in a United States Colored Troops regiment. Among the remaining letters are several from friends and former schoolmates, containing memorial tributes to Hawkes. An 1870 letter from Hawkes' Amherst classmate Henry W. Smith is accompanied by a biographical sketch of Hawkes.","Many of the letters are marked \"copy,\" and these copies appear to have been made by a family member, probably sister Mary Hawkes, and probably shortly following Hawkes' death. Some of the original letters of condolence in the collection are accompanied by copies in this same hand. A few of the letters are accompanied by typed transcripts."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9a438ae252eb753afbb2cf2a9f8aae9f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the letters of Joshua Gilman Hawkes, a sergeant in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry during the American Civil War. It also includes letters to Hawkes' family from friends and relatives following Hawkes' death.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the letters of Joshua Gilman Hawkes, a sergeant in Company D, 52nd Massachusetts Infantry during the American Civil War. It also includes letters to Hawkes' family from friends and relatives following Hawkes' death."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, 1831-1863?"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Hawkes, Joshua Gilman, 1831-1863?"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":31,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:29:20.309Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1338"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1965_c01","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Journal, 1853/1861","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1965_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1965_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1965_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1965_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1965","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1965","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1965","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1965","parent_ssim":["Overseer's Journal, 1853/1861"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1965"],"title_filing_ssi":"Journal","title_ssm":["Journal"],"title_tesim":["Journal"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Journal, 1853/1861"],"text":["Journal, 1853/1861","Overseer's Journal, 1853/1861","folder 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Overseer's Journal, 1853/1861"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Overseer's Journal, 1853/1861"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1853/1861"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1853-1861"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Overseer's Journal, 1853/1861"],"containers_ssim":["folder 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:20.057Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1965","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1965","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1965","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1965","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1965.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Overseer's Journal","title_ssm":["Overseer's Journal"],"title_tesim":["Overseer's Journal"],"unitdate_ssm":["1853-1861"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1853-1861"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1853/1861"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Overseer's Journal, 1853/1861"],"text":["Overseer's Journal, 1853/1861","Ms.1994.010","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Slavery -- United States","Traditional medicine","Virginia -- History","The collection is open to research.","This journal was maintained from 1853-1861 by an unidentified overseer - possibly Erastus R. Bishop of Bertie County, North Carolina.","In the 1850 U. S. Federal Census, Erastus R. Bishop is listed as a white male, age 22, living with several others, possible relatives, in Sussex County, Virginia. The 1860 U. S. Federal Census lists Erastus Bishop as an overseer living in Bertie County, California. The journal in this collection mentions locations in Bertie County.","The guide to the  Overseer's Journal by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Overseer's Journal was completed in 2000.","This collection includes a journal of an unidentified overseer with names of enslaved people and amount of crops each person picked, including cotton, peas, corn. It also lists when and which enslaved person was sick each day, money obtained for a crop, home remedies for common illnesses, and the journey itinerary for a cargo ship.","The name Erastus R. Bishop of Petersburg, Virginia, appears several times throughout the journal, and Bishop may be the creator.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes a journal of an unidentified overseer - possibly Erastus Bishop of Petersburg, Virginia - with names of enslaved people and amount of crops each person picked, including cotton, peas, corn. It also lists when and which enslaved person was sick each day, money obtained for a crop, home remedies for common illnesses, and the journey itinerary for a cargo ship.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bishop, Erastus R. , b. ca. 1828","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Overseer's Journal, 1853/1861"],"collection_ssim":["Overseer's Journal, 1853/1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.010"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.010"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Bishop, Erastus R. , b. ca. 1828"],"creator_ssim":["Bishop, Erastus R. , b. ca. 1828"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bishop, Erastus R. , b. ca. 1828"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Bishop, Erastus R. , b. ca. 1828","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in April 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Slavery -- United States","Traditional medicine","Virginia -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Slavery -- United States","Traditional medicine","Virginia -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis journal was maintained from 1853-1861 by an unidentified overseer - possibly Erastus R. Bishop of Bertie County, North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the 1850 U. S. Federal Census, Erastus R. Bishop is listed as a white male, age 22, living with several others, possible relatives, in Sussex County, Virginia. The 1860 U. S. Federal Census lists Erastus Bishop as an overseer living in Bertie County, California. The journal in this collection mentions locations in Bertie County.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["This journal was maintained from 1853-1861 by an unidentified overseer - possibly Erastus R. Bishop of Bertie County, North Carolina.","In the 1850 U. S. Federal Census, Erastus R. Bishop is listed as a white male, age 22, living with several others, possible relatives, in Sussex County, Virginia. The 1860 U. S. Federal Census lists Erastus Bishop as an overseer living in Bertie County, California. The journal in this collection mentions locations in Bertie County."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the  Overseer's Journal by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the  Overseer's Journal by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Overseer's Journal, Ms1994-010, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Overseer's Journal, Ms1994-010, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Overseer's Journal was completed in 2000.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Overseer's Journal was completed in 2000."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes a journal of an unidentified overseer with names of enslaved people and amount of crops each person picked, including cotton, peas, corn. It also lists when and which enslaved person was sick each day, money obtained for a crop, home remedies for common illnesses, and the journey itinerary for a cargo ship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe name Erastus R. Bishop of Petersburg, Virginia, appears several times throughout the journal, and Bishop may be the creator.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes a journal of an unidentified overseer with names of enslaved people and amount of crops each person picked, including cotton, peas, corn. It also lists when and which enslaved person was sick each day, money obtained for a crop, home remedies for common illnesses, and the journey itinerary for a cargo ship.","The name Erastus R. Bishop of Petersburg, Virginia, appears several times throughout the journal, and Bishop may be the creator."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_af945b4b409dcaeb3b249d7fba5bffdb\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes a journal of an unidentified overseer - possibly Erastus Bishop of Petersburg, Virginia - with names of enslaved people and amount of crops each person picked, including cotton, peas, corn. It also lists when and which enslaved person was sick each day, money obtained for a crop, home remedies for common illnesses, and the journey itinerary for a cargo ship.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes a journal of an unidentified overseer - possibly Erastus Bishop of Petersburg, Virginia - with names of enslaved people and amount of crops each person picked, including cotton, peas, corn. It also lists when and which enslaved person was sick each day, money obtained for a crop, home remedies for common illnesses, and the journey itinerary for a cargo ship."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Bishop, Erastus R. , b. ca. 1828"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bishop, Erastus R. , b. ca. 1828"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:20.057Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1965_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3220_c05","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Journal [White], 1856/1873","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3220_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3220_c05","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3220_c05"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3220_c05","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3220","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3220","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3220","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3220","parent_ssim":["John Henning Woods Papers, 1856/1873"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3220"],"title_filing_ssi":"Journal [White]","title_ssm":["Journal [White]"],"title_tesim":["Journal [White]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Journal [White], 1856/1873"],"text":["Journal [White], 1856/1873","John Henning Woods Papers, 1856/1873","box 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["John Henning Woods Papers, 1856/1873"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["John Henning Woods Papers, 1856/1873"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1856/1873"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1856-1873"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":5,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["John Henning Woods Papers, 1856/1873"],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish material from the John Henning Woods Papers must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"date_range_isim":[1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873],"_nest_path_":"/components#4","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:39.599Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3220","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3220","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3220","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3220","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3220.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Woods, John Henning Papers","title_ssm":["John Henning Woods Papers"],"title_tesim":["John Henning Woods Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1856-1873"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1856-1873"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1856/1873"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Henning Woods Papers, 1856/1873"],"text":["John Henning Woods Papers, 1856/1873","Ms.2017.030","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Diaries","Autobiographies","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","John Henning Woods, a Southern Unionist, Confederate conscript, and Civil War memoirist, was born in Tennessee on July 4, 1834. After spending his childhood in Missouri, Woods married Mary Emma Caldwell, the daughter of a wealthy slaveholder and planter from Alabama in 1860. In 1861, Woods moved to Lebanon, Tennessee, to pursue his law degree at Cumberland University. Despite his ties to the South, Woods hated slavery and strongly supported the Union. Following the war's beginning and interruption of his education, he returned home to farm and teach.","Due to his support for the Union, Woods chose to remain at home throughout the beginning of the war until his conscription into the Confederate army in October of 1862. While at first Woods fought to remain at home, the threat of imprisonment eventually sparked him to report to the army, where he was drafted into the 36th Alabama Infantry Regiment, Company K. As a part of this regiment, Woods was trained at Talladega and then posted around Mobile, Alabama.","While at Mobile, Woods and a few fellow Unionist conscripts formed a secret Unionist organization called the Home Circle and planned a mutiny. Unfortunately, Woods was discovered prior to their planned mutiny and imprisoned to be tried. While awaiting his court martial, Woods was transported behind the army, following them through the Tullahoma Campaign and was then sent to Atlanta. His trial resulted in a sentence of death by firing squad; however, his execution was delayed due to the interference of a sympathetic general who had been his professor before the war. Woods saw the Battles of Chickamauga and Chattanooga while imprisoned by the Confederate Army until he was once again sent to Atlanta following a stay of execution, furnished at the last minute from Jefferson Davis. He was then sent to work building trenches around Atlanta until he finally escaped Confederate officials on August 11, 1864, and made his way into Union lines.","Following his escape, Woods made his way to Buffalo, New York, where he enlisted in the 93rd New York Infantry Regiment. He served out the rest of the war as a clerk for the Union Army until his discharge on May 11, 1865. Following the war, Woods returned home and continued to teach, moving to Lawrence County, Missouri sometime before 1885. In 1885, his wife Mary died and in 1889, he married Mae Laverall of Pennsylvania. Woods died on March 5, 1901, and is buried alongside both of his wives and his daughter in the Woodland Cemetery near Springfield, Missouri.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the John Henning Woods Papers was completed in September 2017.","This collection includes three memoir volumes and three diaries written by John Henning Woods, a Southern Unionist, Confederate conscript, and eventual Union soldier during the American Civil War. While the collection spans the period of years from 1856 through 1873, the majority of the collection focuses on the years during the Civil War.","The three volumes of Woods' memoir make up the largest portion of the collection. These three books focus on the years 1861-1864, describing  his experiences of sectionalism, his opposition to secession and conscription, the process of forming an underground Unionist society in a Confederate regiment, his arrest for inciting a mutiny, and the resulting imprisonment and trial.","The three journals cover a much broader range of topics and years, including genealogy, religion, marriage, slavery, and Woods' childhood. These three journals serve to contextualize the journals, as Woods referenced them during the writing process. Besides this, these journals also contain highly detailed drawings done by Woods during his imprisonment and a number of short entries in Pitman shorthand.","Permission to publish material from the John Henning Woods Papers must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","This collection includes three memoir volumes and three diaries written by John Henning Woods, a Southern Unionist, Confederate conscript, and eventual Union soldier during the American Civil War. While the collection spans the period of years from 1856 through 1873, the majority of the collection focuses on the years during the Civil War.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Woods, John Henning, 1834-1901","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["John Henning Woods Papers, 1856/1873"],"collection_ssim":["John Henning Woods Papers, 1856/1873"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2017.030"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2017.030"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Woods, John Henning, 1834-1901"],"creator_ssim":["Woods, John Henning, 1834-1901"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Woods, John Henning, 1834-1901"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Woods, John Henning, 1834-1901","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from the John Henning Woods Papers must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The John Henning Woods Papers were bought by Special Collections in September 2009 with funds from Special Collections, the Center for Civil War Studies, and the University Libraries."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Diaries","Autobiographies"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Diaries","Autobiographies"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Diaries","Autobiographies"],"date_range_isim":[1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/162\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Henning Woods, a Southern Unionist, Confederate conscript, and Civil War memoirist, was born in Tennessee on July 4, 1834. After spending his childhood in Missouri, Woods married Mary Emma Caldwell, the daughter of a wealthy slaveholder and planter from Alabama in 1860. In 1861, Woods moved to Lebanon, Tennessee, to pursue his law degree at Cumberland University. Despite his ties to the South, Woods hated slavery and strongly supported the Union. Following the war's beginning and interruption of his education, he returned home to farm and teach. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDue to his support for the Union, Woods chose to remain at home throughout the beginning of the war until his conscription into the Confederate army in October of 1862. While at first Woods fought to remain at home, the threat of imprisonment eventually sparked him to report to the army, where he was drafted into the 36th Alabama Infantry Regiment, Company K. As a part of this regiment, Woods was trained at Talladega and then posted around Mobile, Alabama. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhile at Mobile, Woods and a few fellow Unionist conscripts formed a secret Unionist organization called the Home Circle and planned a mutiny. Unfortunately, Woods was discovered prior to their planned mutiny and imprisoned to be tried. While awaiting his court martial, Woods was transported behind the army, following them through the Tullahoma Campaign and was then sent to Atlanta. His trial resulted in a sentence of death by firing squad; however, his execution was delayed due to the interference of a sympathetic general who had been his professor before the war. Woods saw the Battles of Chickamauga and Chattanooga while imprisoned by the Confederate Army until he was once again sent to Atlanta following a stay of execution, furnished at the last minute from Jefferson Davis. He was then sent to work building trenches around Atlanta until he finally escaped Confederate officials on August 11, 1864, and made his way into Union lines. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFollowing his escape, Woods made his way to Buffalo, New York, where he enlisted in the 93rd New York Infantry Regiment. He served out the rest of the war as a clerk for the Union Army until his discharge on May 11, 1865. Following the war, Woods returned home and continued to teach, moving to Lawrence County, Missouri sometime before 1885. In 1885, his wife Mary died and in 1889, he married Mae Laverall of Pennsylvania. Woods died on March 5, 1901, and is buried alongside both of his wives and his daughter in the Woodland Cemetery near Springfield, Missouri.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Henning Woods, a Southern Unionist, Confederate conscript, and Civil War memoirist, was born in Tennessee on July 4, 1834. After spending his childhood in Missouri, Woods married Mary Emma Caldwell, the daughter of a wealthy slaveholder and planter from Alabama in 1860. In 1861, Woods moved to Lebanon, Tennessee, to pursue his law degree at Cumberland University. Despite his ties to the South, Woods hated slavery and strongly supported the Union. Following the war's beginning and interruption of his education, he returned home to farm and teach.","Due to his support for the Union, Woods chose to remain at home throughout the beginning of the war until his conscription into the Confederate army in October of 1862. While at first Woods fought to remain at home, the threat of imprisonment eventually sparked him to report to the army, where he was drafted into the 36th Alabama Infantry Regiment, Company K. As a part of this regiment, Woods was trained at Talladega and then posted around Mobile, Alabama.","While at Mobile, Woods and a few fellow Unionist conscripts formed a secret Unionist organization called the Home Circle and planned a mutiny. Unfortunately, Woods was discovered prior to their planned mutiny and imprisoned to be tried. While awaiting his court martial, Woods was transported behind the army, following them through the Tullahoma Campaign and was then sent to Atlanta. His trial resulted in a sentence of death by firing squad; however, his execution was delayed due to the interference of a sympathetic general who had been his professor before the war. Woods saw the Battles of Chickamauga and Chattanooga while imprisoned by the Confederate Army until he was once again sent to Atlanta following a stay of execution, furnished at the last minute from Jefferson Davis. He was then sent to work building trenches around Atlanta until he finally escaped Confederate officials on August 11, 1864, and made his way into Union lines.","Following his escape, Woods made his way to Buffalo, New York, where he enlisted in the 93rd New York Infantry Regiment. He served out the rest of the war as a clerk for the Union Army until his discharge on May 11, 1865. Following the war, Woods returned home and continued to teach, moving to Lawrence County, Missouri sometime before 1885. In 1885, his wife Mary died and in 1889, he married Mae Laverall of Pennsylvania. Woods died on March 5, 1901, and is buried alongside both of his wives and his daughter in the Woodland Cemetery near Springfield, Missouri."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: John Henning Woods Papers, Ms2017-030, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: John Henning Woods Papers, Ms2017-030, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the John Henning Woods Papers was completed in September 2017.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the John Henning Woods Papers was completed in September 2017."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes three memoir volumes and three diaries written by John Henning Woods, a Southern Unionist, Confederate conscript, and eventual Union soldier during the American Civil War. While the collection spans the period of years from 1856 through 1873, the majority of the collection focuses on the years during the Civil War. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe three volumes of Woods' memoir make up the largest portion of the collection. These three books focus on the years 1861-1864, describing  his experiences of sectionalism, his opposition to secession and conscription, the process of forming an underground Unionist society in a Confederate regiment, his arrest for inciting a mutiny, and the resulting imprisonment and trial.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe three journals cover a much broader range of topics and years, including genealogy, religion, marriage, slavery, and Woods' childhood. These three journals serve to contextualize the journals, as Woods referenced them during the writing process. Besides this, these journals also contain highly detailed drawings done by Woods during his imprisonment and a number of short entries in Pitman shorthand.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes three memoir volumes and three diaries written by John Henning Woods, a Southern Unionist, Confederate conscript, and eventual Union soldier during the American Civil War. While the collection spans the period of years from 1856 through 1873, the majority of the collection focuses on the years during the Civil War.","The three volumes of Woods' memoir make up the largest portion of the collection. These three books focus on the years 1861-1864, describing  his experiences of sectionalism, his opposition to secession and conscription, the process of forming an underground Unionist society in a Confederate regiment, his arrest for inciting a mutiny, and the resulting imprisonment and trial.","The three journals cover a much broader range of topics and years, including genealogy, religion, marriage, slavery, and Woods' childhood. These three journals serve to contextualize the journals, as Woods referenced them during the writing process. Besides this, these journals also contain highly detailed drawings done by Woods during his imprisonment and a number of short entries in Pitman shorthand."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from the John Henning Woods Papers must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from the John Henning Woods Papers must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_b902f43c41f033a6d4f1d46ca8c08b46\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes three memoir volumes and three diaries written by John Henning Woods, a Southern Unionist, Confederate conscript, and eventual Union soldier during the American Civil War. While the collection spans the period of years from 1856 through 1873, the majority of the collection focuses on the years during the Civil War.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes three memoir volumes and three diaries written by John Henning Woods, a Southern Unionist, Confederate conscript, and eventual Union soldier during the American Civil War. While the collection spans the period of years from 1856 through 1873, the majority of the collection focuses on the years during the Civil War."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Woods, John Henning, 1834-1901"],"names_coll_ssim":["Woods, John Henning, 1834-1901"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Woods, John Henning, 1834-1901"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:39.599Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3220_c05"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402_c21_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"K-5, [title not supplied], 1800/1899","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402_c21_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402_c21_c02","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402_c21_c02"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402_c21_c02","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402_c21","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402_c21","parent_ssim":["Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023","Eastern United States"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402_c21"],"title_filing_ssi":"K-5, [title not supplied]","title_ssm":["K-5, [title not supplied]"],"title_tesim":["K-5, [title not supplied]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["K-5, [title not supplied], 1800/1899"],"text":["K-5, [title not supplied], 1800/1899","Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023","Eastern United States","K-5"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023","Eastern United States"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023","Eastern United States"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1800/1899"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1800-1899"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":96,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023"],"containers_ssim":["K-5"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Some individual maps may not be reproduced, due to copyright restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899],"_nest_path_":"/components#20/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:33:12.556Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4402.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Historical Maps Collection","title_ssm":["Historical Maps Collection"],"title_tesim":["Historical Maps Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1500-2023"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1500-2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1500/2023"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023"],"text":["Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023","Maps.001","United States -- Maps","Virginia -- Maps","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps","Virginia, Southwest","Montgomery County (Va.)","Blacksburg (Va.)","World maps -- Early works to 1800 -- Facsimiles","Railroad -- Maps","Maps (documents)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized primarily by geographic scope, ranging from Virginia Tech campus maps to world maps. Exceptions to this arrangement include railroad and American Civil War maps, which are positioned at the front of the collection. Individual categories of maps are arranged either alphabetically or chronologically.","The guide to the Historical Maps Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","This guide describes the Historical Maps Collection's contents only at the subject and folder levels. Individual maps within the collection may be located by searching for specific titles (e.g., \"Settlement Map of Pulaski County Virginia\" (with quotes)) or by subject (e.g., \"Pulaski County maps\" (without quotes)).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Historical Maps Collection was completed in July, 2025.","This collection contains maps that range in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps). Included are road and transportation maps, topographic maps, geological maps, historical maps, thematic maps, property maps, pictorial maps, and political boundary maps, among others. While the collection includes images dating as early as the 16th century, the older maps are represented in the collection only by reproductions. The earliest original map in the collection dates to 1787.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Some individual maps may not be reproduced, due to copyright restrictions.","A collection of maps depicting geographic features, transportation routes, geological composition, historical settlements, themes, property divisions, and political boundaries, ranging in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps).","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023"],"collection_ssim":["Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Maps.001"],"unitid_tesim":["Maps.001"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Maps","Virginia -- Maps","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps","Virginia, Southwest","Montgomery County (Va.)","Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Maps","Virginia -- Maps","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps","Virginia, Southwest","Montgomery County (Va.)","Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Maps","Virginia -- Maps","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps","Virginia, Southwest","Montgomery County (Va.)","Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Some individual maps may not be reproduced, due to copyright restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Individual maps and sets of maps within the Historical Maps Collection have been obtained by Virginia Tech Special Collections and Unviversity Archives through various gifts, purchases, and transfers."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World maps -- Early works to 1800 -- Facsimiles","Railroad -- Maps","Maps (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World maps -- Early works to 1800 -- Facsimiles","Railroad -- Maps","Maps (documents)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["45 Cubic Feet 13 flat file drawers"],"extent_tesim":["45 Cubic Feet 13 flat file drawers"],"genreform_ssim":["Maps (documents)"],"date_range_isim":[1500,1501,1502,1503,1504,1505,1506,1507,1508,1509,1510,1511,1512,1513,1514,1515,1516,1517,1518,1519,1520,1521,1522,1523,1524,1525,1526,1527,1528,1529,1530,1531,1532,1533,1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized primarily by geographic scope, ranging from Virginia Tech campus maps to world maps. Exceptions to this arrangement include railroad and American Civil War maps, which are positioned at the front of the collection. Individual categories of maps are arranged either alphabetically or chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized primarily by geographic scope, ranging from Virginia Tech campus maps to world maps. Exceptions to this arrangement include railroad and American Civil War maps, which are positioned at the front of the collection. Individual categories of maps are arranged either alphabetically or chronologically."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Historical Maps Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis guide describes the Historical Maps Collection's contents only at the subject and folder levels. Individual maps within the collection may be located by searching for specific titles (e.g., \"Settlement Map of Pulaski County Virginia\" (with quotes)) or by subject (e.g., \"Pulaski County maps\" (without quotes)). \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description","General"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Historical Maps Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","This guide describes the Historical Maps Collection's contents only at the subject and folder levels. Individual maps within the collection may be located by searching for specific titles (e.g., \"Settlement Map of Pulaski County Virginia\" (with quotes)) or by subject (e.g., \"Pulaski County maps\" (without quotes))."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [map title], [(Map-####) map identification number], Historical Maps Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [map title], [(Map-####) map identification number], Historical Maps Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Historical Maps Collection was completed in July, 2025.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Historical Maps Collection was completed in July, 2025."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains maps that range in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps). Included are road and transportation maps, topographic maps, geological maps, historical maps, thematic maps, property maps, pictorial maps, and political boundary maps, among others. While the collection includes images dating as early as the 16th century, the older maps are represented in the collection only by reproductions. The earliest original map in the collection dates to 1787.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains maps that range in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps). Included are road and transportation maps, topographic maps, geological maps, historical maps, thematic maps, property maps, pictorial maps, and political boundary maps, among others. While the collection includes images dating as early as the 16th century, the older maps are represented in the collection only by reproductions. The earliest original map in the collection dates to 1787."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSome individual maps may not be reproduced, due to copyright restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use","Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Some individual maps may not be reproduced, due to copyright restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_64f9bafd648f169a694981779b7a3589\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eA collection of maps depicting geographic features, transportation routes, geological composition, historical settlements, themes, property divisions, and political boundaries, ranging in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of maps depicting geographic features, transportation routes, geological composition, historical settlements, themes, property divisions, and political boundaries, ranging in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps)."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":105,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:33:12.556Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402_c21_c02"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Kammerer, Joseph","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4023.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Kammerer Family Business Collection","title_ssm":["Kammerer Family Business Collection"],"title_tesim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1842-1914"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1842-1914"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1842/1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"text":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Ms.2022.079","Agriculture","Cocktails -- History","Cocktail History Collection","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink","The collection is open for research.","This collection is separated in to three series: Correspondence, Administrative, and Financial. Materials in each series are further arranged in chronological order or by the person whom they relate to.","Correspondence includes letters to and from John and Joseph Kammerer, as well as George W. Jones and general correspondence relating to the family business.","The administrative series includes documents relating to running the business, such as insurance records, a mill ledger, prescription pads, and advertisements.","The financial series contains materials such as checks, invoices, and receipts relating to the Kammerer family business.","The foreign language materials are in a folder separate from the rest of the collection as they have not been translated at this time.","Historical records indicate that John Kammerer was born in Geramny in 1793 and later immigrated to Pennsylvania, south of Pittsburgh. John was originally a miller and millwright, but he later opened a hotel and general merchandise store, which his son, Joseph, inherited after his death. Joseph Kammerer went on to expand family operations to include a dru goods store, a mill, and a distillery (well known in the late 19th century as Kammerer Pure Monongahela Rye Whiskey).","More information: http://pre-prowhiskeymen.blogspot.com/2022/04/how-kammerers-created-pennsylvania-town.html; http://www.pa-roots.org/data/read.php?811,444023","The guide to the Kammerer Family Business Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Kammerer Family Business Collection was completed in December 2022.","This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900. The documents in this collection reflect the operations and management of the Kammerer family land, farm, and businesses, which included, a various points: an inn/tavern, a grain mill, a distillery, and a dry goods store.","This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Kammerer, Joseph","Materials in this collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"collection_ssim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.079"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.079"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"creator_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by Special Collections in two accruals in April 2018 and April 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture","Cocktails -- History","Cocktail History Collection","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture","Cocktails -- History","Cocktail History Collection","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is separated in to three series: Correspondence, Administrative, and Financial. Materials in each series are further arranged in chronological order or by the person whom they relate to.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes letters to and from John and Joseph Kammerer, as well as George W. Jones and general correspondence relating to the family business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe administrative series includes documents relating to running the business, such as insurance records, a mill ledger, prescription pads, and advertisements. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe financial series contains materials such as checks, invoices, and receipts relating to the Kammerer family business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe foreign language materials are in a folder separate from the rest of the collection as they have not been translated at this time. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is separated in to three series: Correspondence, Administrative, and Financial. Materials in each series are further arranged in chronological order or by the person whom they relate to.","Correspondence includes letters to and from John and Joseph Kammerer, as well as George W. Jones and general correspondence relating to the family business.","The administrative series includes documents relating to running the business, such as insurance records, a mill ledger, prescription pads, and advertisements.","The financial series contains materials such as checks, invoices, and receipts relating to the Kammerer family business.","The foreign language materials are in a folder separate from the rest of the collection as they have not been translated at this time."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHistorical records indicate that John Kammerer was born in Geramny in 1793 and later immigrated to Pennsylvania, south of Pittsburgh. John was originally a miller and millwright, but he later opened a hotel and general merchandise store, which his son, Joseph, inherited after his death. Joseph Kammerer went on to expand family operations to include a dru goods store, a mill, and a distillery (well known in the late 19th century as Kammerer Pure Monongahela Rye Whiskey). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore information: http://pre-prowhiskeymen.blogspot.com/2022/04/how-kammerers-created-pennsylvania-town.html; http://www.pa-roots.org/data/read.php?811,444023\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Historical records indicate that John Kammerer was born in Geramny in 1793 and later immigrated to Pennsylvania, south of Pittsburgh. John was originally a miller and millwright, but he later opened a hotel and general merchandise store, which his son, Joseph, inherited after his death. Joseph Kammerer went on to expand family operations to include a dru goods store, a mill, and a distillery (well known in the late 19th century as Kammerer Pure Monongahela Rye Whiskey).","More information: http://pre-prowhiskeymen.blogspot.com/2022/04/how-kammerers-created-pennsylvania-town.html; http://www.pa-roots.org/data/read.php?811,444023"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Kammerer Family Business Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Kammerer Family Business Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842-1914, Ms2022-079, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842-1914, Ms2022-079, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Kammerer Family Business Collection was completed in December 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Kammerer Family Business Collection was completed in December 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900. The documents in this collection reflect the operations and management of the Kammerer family land, farm, and businesses, which included, a various points: an inn/tavern, a grain mill, a distillery, and a dry goods store.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900. The documents in this collection reflect the operations and management of the Kammerer family land, farm, and businesses, which included, a various points: an inn/tavern, a grain mill, a distillery, and a dry goods store."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d3df42b199000694be35ee0543a42c3c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Kammerer, Joseph"],"language_ssim":["Materials in this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":30,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:32:04.214Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4023.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Kammerer Family Business Collection","title_ssm":["Kammerer Family Business Collection"],"title_tesim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1842-1914"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1842-1914"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1842/1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"text":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Ms.2022.079","Agriculture","Cocktails -- History","Cocktail History Collection","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink","The collection is open for research.","This collection is separated in to three series: Correspondence, Administrative, and Financial. Materials in each series are further arranged in chronological order or by the person whom they relate to.","Correspondence includes letters to and from John and Joseph Kammerer, as well as George W. Jones and general correspondence relating to the family business.","The administrative series includes documents relating to running the business, such as insurance records, a mill ledger, prescription pads, and advertisements.","The financial series contains materials such as checks, invoices, and receipts relating to the Kammerer family business.","The foreign language materials are in a folder separate from the rest of the collection as they have not been translated at this time.","Historical records indicate that John Kammerer was born in Geramny in 1793 and later immigrated to Pennsylvania, south of Pittsburgh. John was originally a miller and millwright, but he later opened a hotel and general merchandise store, which his son, Joseph, inherited after his death. Joseph Kammerer went on to expand family operations to include a dru goods store, a mill, and a distillery (well known in the late 19th century as Kammerer Pure Monongahela Rye Whiskey).","More information: http://pre-prowhiskeymen.blogspot.com/2022/04/how-kammerers-created-pennsylvania-town.html; http://www.pa-roots.org/data/read.php?811,444023","The guide to the Kammerer Family Business Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Kammerer Family Business Collection was completed in December 2022.","This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900. The documents in this collection reflect the operations and management of the Kammerer family land, farm, and businesses, which included, a various points: an inn/tavern, a grain mill, a distillery, and a dry goods store.","This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Kammerer, Joseph","Materials in this collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"collection_ssim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.079"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.079"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"creator_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by Special Collections in two accruals in April 2018 and April 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture","Cocktails -- History","Cocktail History Collection","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture","Cocktails -- History","Cocktail History Collection","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is separated in to three series: Correspondence, Administrative, and Financial. 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Materials in each series are further arranged in chronological order or by the person whom they relate to.","Correspondence includes letters to and from John and Joseph Kammerer, as well as George W. Jones and general correspondence relating to the family business.","The administrative series includes documents relating to running the business, such as insurance records, a mill ledger, prescription pads, and advertisements.","The financial series contains materials such as checks, invoices, and receipts relating to the Kammerer family business.","The foreign language materials are in a folder separate from the rest of the collection as they have not been translated at this time."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHistorical records indicate that John Kammerer was born in Geramny in 1793 and later immigrated to Pennsylvania, south of Pittsburgh. John was originally a miller and millwright, but he later opened a hotel and general merchandise store, which his son, Joseph, inherited after his death. Joseph Kammerer went on to expand family operations to include a dru goods store, a mill, and a distillery (well known in the late 19th century as Kammerer Pure Monongahela Rye Whiskey). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore information: http://pre-prowhiskeymen.blogspot.com/2022/04/how-kammerers-created-pennsylvania-town.html; http://www.pa-roots.org/data/read.php?811,444023\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Historical records indicate that John Kammerer was born in Geramny in 1793 and later immigrated to Pennsylvania, south of Pittsburgh. John was originally a miller and millwright, but he later opened a hotel and general merchandise store, which his son, Joseph, inherited after his death. Joseph Kammerer went on to expand family operations to include a dru goods store, a mill, and a distillery (well known in the late 19th century as Kammerer Pure Monongahela Rye Whiskey).","More information: http://pre-prowhiskeymen.blogspot.com/2022/04/how-kammerers-created-pennsylvania-town.html; http://www.pa-roots.org/data/read.php?811,444023"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Kammerer Family Business Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Kammerer Family Business Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842-1914, Ms2022-079, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842-1914, Ms2022-079, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Kammerer Family Business Collection was completed in December 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Kammerer Family Business Collection was completed in December 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900. The documents in this collection reflect the operations and management of the Kammerer family land, farm, and businesses, which included, a various points: an inn/tavern, a grain mill, a distillery, and a dry goods store.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900. The documents in this collection reflect the operations and management of the Kammerer family land, farm, and businesses, which included, a various points: an inn/tavern, a grain mill, a distillery, and a dry goods store."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d3df42b199000694be35ee0543a42c3c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Kammerer, Joseph"],"language_ssim":["Materials in this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":30,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:32:04.214Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01_c04","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Kammerers Correspondence, 1854/1872","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01_c04","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01_c04"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01_c04","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01","parent_ssim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Series I: Correspondence, 1852/1905"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Kammerers Correspondence","title_ssm":["Kammerers Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Kammerers Correspondence"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Kammerers Correspondence, 1854/1872"],"text":["Kammerers Correspondence, 1854/1872","Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Series I: Correspondence, 1852/1905","box 1","folder 4"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Series I: Correspondence, 1852/1905"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Series I: Correspondence, 1852/1905"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1854/1872"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1854-1872"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":5,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 4"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#3","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:32:04.214Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4023.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Kammerer Family Business Collection","title_ssm":["Kammerer Family Business Collection"],"title_tesim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1842-1914"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1842-1914"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1842/1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"text":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914","Ms.2022.079","Agriculture","Cocktails -- History","Cocktail History Collection","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink","The collection is open for research.","This collection is separated in to three series: Correspondence, Administrative, and Financial. Materials in each series are further arranged in chronological order or by the person whom they relate to.","Correspondence includes letters to and from John and Joseph Kammerer, as well as George W. Jones and general correspondence relating to the family business.","The administrative series includes documents relating to running the business, such as insurance records, a mill ledger, prescription pads, and advertisements.","The financial series contains materials such as checks, invoices, and receipts relating to the Kammerer family business.","The foreign language materials are in a folder separate from the rest of the collection as they have not been translated at this time.","Historical records indicate that John Kammerer was born in Geramny in 1793 and later immigrated to Pennsylvania, south of Pittsburgh. John was originally a miller and millwright, but he later opened a hotel and general merchandise store, which his son, Joseph, inherited after his death. Joseph Kammerer went on to expand family operations to include a dru goods store, a mill, and a distillery (well known in the late 19th century as Kammerer Pure Monongahela Rye Whiskey).","More information: http://pre-prowhiskeymen.blogspot.com/2022/04/how-kammerers-created-pennsylvania-town.html; http://www.pa-roots.org/data/read.php?811,444023","The guide to the Kammerer Family Business Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Kammerer Family Business Collection was completed in December 2022.","This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900. The documents in this collection reflect the operations and management of the Kammerer family land, farm, and businesses, which included, a various points: an inn/tavern, a grain mill, a distillery, and a dry goods store.","This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Kammerer, Joseph","Materials in this collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"collection_ssim":["Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842/1914"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.079"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.079"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"creator_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by Special Collections in two accruals in April 2018 and April 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture","Cocktails -- History","Cocktail History Collection","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture","Cocktails -- History","Cocktail History Collection","Food Technology and Production","History of Food and Drink"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is separated in to three series: Correspondence, Administrative, and Financial. 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John was originally a miller and millwright, but he later opened a hotel and general merchandise store, which his son, Joseph, inherited after his death. Joseph Kammerer went on to expand family operations to include a dru goods store, a mill, and a distillery (well known in the late 19th century as Kammerer Pure Monongahela Rye Whiskey). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore information: http://pre-prowhiskeymen.blogspot.com/2022/04/how-kammerers-created-pennsylvania-town.html; http://www.pa-roots.org/data/read.php?811,444023\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Historical records indicate that John Kammerer was born in Geramny in 1793 and later immigrated to Pennsylvania, south of Pittsburgh. John was originally a miller and millwright, but he later opened a hotel and general merchandise store, which his son, Joseph, inherited after his death. Joseph Kammerer went on to expand family operations to include a dru goods store, a mill, and a distillery (well known in the late 19th century as Kammerer Pure Monongahela Rye Whiskey).","More information: http://pre-prowhiskeymen.blogspot.com/2022/04/how-kammerers-created-pennsylvania-town.html; http://www.pa-roots.org/data/read.php?811,444023"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Kammerer Family Business Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Kammerer Family Business Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842-1914, Ms2022-079, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Kammerer Family Business Collection, 1842-1914, Ms2022-079, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Kammerer Family Business Collection was completed in December 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Kammerer Family Business Collection was completed in December 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900. The documents in this collection reflect the operations and management of the Kammerer family land, farm, and businesses, which included, a various points: an inn/tavern, a grain mill, a distillery, and a dry goods store.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900. The documents in this collection reflect the operations and management of the Kammerer family land, farm, and businesses, which included, a various points: an inn/tavern, a grain mill, a distillery, and a dry goods store."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This colletion is in the public domain. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d3df42b199000694be35ee0543a42c3c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of the family business papers, primarily of John Kammerer and his son, Joseph Kammerer. In addtion, there is material from George W. Jones (likely a business parter or associate) and genearl corresponse relating to the family businesses. Materials date from 1842 to 1914, thought most items are from before 1900."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Kammerer, Joseph"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Kammerer, Joseph"],"language_ssim":["Materials in this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":30,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:32:04.214Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4023_c01_c04"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","value":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","hits":661},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1857\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1857\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A. 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