{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1847\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Virginia%2C+Special+Collections+Dept.","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1847\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Virginia%2C+Special+Collections+Dept.\u0026page=2","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1847\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Virginia%2C+Special+Collections+Dept.\u0026page=2"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":2,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":16,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viu_viu02299_c01_c01_c284","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"British Envoys to America, 1791/1891","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu02299_c01_c01_c284#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu02299_c01_c01_c284","ref_ssm":["viu_viu02299_c01_c01_c284"],"id":"viu_viu02299_c01_c01_c284","ead_ssi":"viu_viu02299","_root_":"viu_viu02299","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu02299_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_viu02299_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["Correspondence Files of Special Collections, University of Virginia Library \n \n 1931-1990s","Series I: Correspondence (General)","Manuscripts Department Correspondence\n [ante 1990] and Patron-Use Files"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu02299","viu_viu02299_c01","viu_viu02299_c01_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"British Envoys to America","title_ssm":["British Envoys to America"],"title_tesim":["British Envoys to America"],"normalized_title_ssm":["British Envoys to America, 1791/1891"],"text":["British Envoys to America, 1791/1891","Correspondence Files of Special Collections, University of Virginia Library \n \n 1931-1990s","Series I: Correspondence (General)","Manuscripts Department Correspondence\n [ante 1990] and Patron-Use Files","box A28-8D"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Correspondence Files of Special Collections, University of Virginia Library \n \n 1931-1990s","Series I: Correspondence (General)","Manuscripts Department Correspondence\n [ante 1990] and Patron-Use Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Correspondence Files of Special Collections, University of Virginia Library \n \n 1931-1990s","Series I: Correspondence (General)","Manuscripts Department Correspondence\n [ante 1990] and Patron-Use Files"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1791/1891"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1791-1891"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":286,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Correspondence Files of Special Collections, University of Virginia Library \n \n 1931-1990s"],"containers_ssim":["box A28-8D"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Stored off-site. 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Warner papers"],"title_tesim":["John W. Warner papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-2009","1967-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-2009"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1967-2008"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1967/2009, bulk 1967/2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John W. Warner papers, 1967/2009, bulk 1967/2008"],"text":["John W. Warner papers, 1967/2009, bulk 1967/2008","MSS 10191","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/262","United States -- Politics and government -- 1989-1993","United States -- Politics and government -- 1993-2001.","United States -- Politics and government -- 1977-1981.","United States -- Politics and government -- 1981-1989.","Legislators -- United States","Correspondence","photographs","Please note, the -By series is stored offsite.  Please allow at least 72 hours for transportation to the reading room.","Items on digital or audio-visual carriers will need to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis before digital transfer occurs.  Allow at least two weeks for the evaluation phase.  Digitization may take between two and four weeks.","This collection has come to the Small Library in multiple accession over the years beginning in 1974. Accessions include: MSS #10191, MSS #10191-b, MSS #10191-c through -n, MSS #10191-e, MSS #10191-o, MSS #10191-p through -z, MSS #10191-ab through -az, MSS #10191-ba through -bp, MSS #-bq, Mss #10191-br, MSS #10191-bs, MSS #10191-bt, MSS #10191-bu, MSS #10191-bv, MSS #10191-bw, MSS #10191-bx, MSS #10191-by, MSS #10191-bz, MSS #10191-cb, 2022-0088, 2022-0103, 2023-0052","The series have been placed roughly in the order of their arrival to the repository.","John William Warner (born February 18, 1927) is an American Republican politician who served as Secretary of the Navy from 1972 to 1974 and as a five-term United States Senator from Virginia from January 2, 1979, to January 3, 2009. He did not seek reelection in 2008 and has rejoined the law firm of Hogan and Hartson, where he worked before joining the Department of Defense.","He grew up in Washington D.C. and joined the Navy shortly after graduating from high school, leaving as a Petty Officer 3rd Class. He then did his undergraduate studies at Washington and Lee University and began post-graduate studies at University of Virginia Law School.","With the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950, Warner joined the Marine Corps, first in active duty and then as a reserve, finally earning the rank of Captain. He resumed his studies at George Washington University and received his law degree in 1953.","He has been married three times. His first marriage was to Catherine Conover Mellon in 1957; they divorced in 1973. He was married to actress Elizabeth Taylor in 1976; they divorced in 1982. Since 2003, he has been married to Jeanne Vander Myde. He has three children, all from his first marriage.","In 1987, he was one of few Republicans to reject the nomination of Robert Bork to the Supreme Court. He would later break with Virginia Republicans, refusing to support the campaigns of Mike Farris and Oliver North. In 1996, he was one of ten Republican Senators voting against the charge of perjury in the attempted impechment of President Bill Clinton.","His committee memberships included the Environment and Public Works Committee, the Committee on the Armed Services, the Committee on Homeland Security and Government Affairs, the Select Committee on Intelligence, and the Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs.","This collection includes general and constituent correspondence, office files, speeches, appointment books, photographs, scrapbooks, and clippings documenting Senator Warner's life and career.","A note regarding consituent correspondence: only in rare instances did the Senator's office keep outgoing corespondence.  The vast majority of what makes up the constituent correspondence are the incoming letters from his constituents.  Original letters sent to the Senator were microfilmed and then destroyed.","Some material in this collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights; the University does not hold these rights and cannot grant (or withhold) copyright permissions. The donor has retained any copyrights in any portion of the collection created or authored by him. You are free to use materials in the collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use, including fair use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). More information about permissions to publish Special Collections material is available here.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Warner, John W., 1927-","Koed, Betty K.","The collection is in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["John W. Warner papers, 1967/2009, bulk 1967/2008"],"collection_ssim":["John W. Warner papers, 1967/2009, bulk 1967/2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Series","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 10191","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/262"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 10191","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/262"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Politics and government -- 1989-1993","United States -- Politics and government -- 1993-2001.","United States -- Politics and government -- 1977-1981.","United States -- Politics and government -- 1981-1989."],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government -- 1989-1993","United States -- Politics and government -- 1993-2001.","United States -- Politics and government -- 1977-1981.","United States -- Politics and government -- 1981-1989."],"places_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government -- 1989-1993","United States -- Politics and government -- 1993-2001.","United States -- Politics and government -- 1977-1981.","United States -- Politics and government -- 1981-1989."],"creator_ssm":["Warner, John W., 1927-"],"creator_ssim":["Warner, John W., 1927-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Warner, John W., 1927-","Koed, Betty K."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Warner, John W., 1927-","Koed, Betty K.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["Some material in this collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights; the University does not hold these rights and cannot grant (or withhold) copyright permissions. The donor has retained any copyrights in any portion of the collection created or authored by him. You are free to use materials in the collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use, including fair use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). More information about permissions to publish Special Collections material is available here."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Legislators -- United States","Correspondence","photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Legislators -- United States","Correspondence","photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["756 Cubic Feet Approximately 730 cubic foot boxes, 42 document boxes, and oversize scrapbooks and folders."],"extent_tesim":["756 Cubic Feet Approximately 730 cubic foot boxes, 42 document boxes, and oversize scrapbooks and folders."],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePlease note, the -By series is stored offsite.  Please allow at least 72 hours for transportation to the reading room.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eItems on digital or audio-visual carriers will need to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis before digital transfer occurs.  Allow at least two weeks for the evaluation phase.  Digitization may take between two and four weeks.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Physical Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Please note, the -By series is stored offsite.  Please allow at least 72 hours for transportation to the reading room.","Items on digital or audio-visual carriers will need to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis before digital transfer occurs.  Allow at least two weeks for the evaluation phase.  Digitization may take between two and four weeks."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has come to the Small Library in multiple accession over the years beginning in 1974. Accessions include: MSS #10191, MSS #10191-b, MSS #10191-c through -n, MSS #10191-e, MSS #10191-o, MSS #10191-p through -z, MSS #10191-ab through -az, MSS #10191-ba through -bp, MSS #-bq, Mss #10191-br, MSS #10191-bs, MSS #10191-bt, MSS #10191-bu, MSS #10191-bv, MSS #10191-bw, MSS #10191-bx, MSS #10191-by, MSS #10191-bz, MSS #10191-cb, 2022-0088, 2022-0103, 2023-0052\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Acquisition information"],"accruals_tesim":["This collection has come to the Small Library in multiple accession over the years beginning in 1974. Accessions include: MSS #10191, MSS #10191-b, MSS #10191-c through -n, MSS #10191-e, MSS #10191-o, MSS #10191-p through -z, MSS #10191-ab through -az, MSS #10191-ba through -bp, MSS #-bq, Mss #10191-br, MSS #10191-bs, MSS #10191-bt, MSS #10191-bu, MSS #10191-bv, MSS #10191-bw, MSS #10191-bx, MSS #10191-by, MSS #10191-bz, MSS #10191-cb, 2022-0088, 2022-0103, 2023-0052"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe series have been placed roughly in the order of their arrival to the repository.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The series have been placed roughly in the order of their arrival to the repository."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn William Warner (born February 18, 1927) is an American Republican politician who served as Secretary of the Navy from 1972 to 1974 and as a five-term United States Senator from Virginia from January 2, 1979, to January 3, 2009. He did not seek reelection in 2008 and has rejoined the law firm of Hogan and Hartson, where he worked before joining the Department of Defense.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  He grew up in Washington D.C. and joined the Navy shortly after graduating from high school, leaving as a Petty Officer 3rd Class. He then did his undergraduate studies at Washington and Lee University and began post-graduate studies at University of Virginia Law School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  With the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950, Warner joined the Marine Corps, first in active duty and then as a reserve, finally earning the rank of Captain. He resumed his studies at George Washington University and received his law degree in 1953.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e He has been married three times. His first marriage was to Catherine Conover Mellon in 1957; they divorced in 1973. He was married to actress Elizabeth Taylor in 1976; they divorced in 1982. Since 2003, he has been married to Jeanne Vander Myde. He has three children, all from his first marriage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1987, he was one of few Republicans to reject the nomination of Robert Bork to the Supreme Court. He would later break with Virginia Republicans, refusing to support the campaigns of Mike Farris and Oliver North. In 1996, he was one of ten Republican Senators voting against the charge of perjury in the attempted impechment of President Bill Clinton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e His committee memberships included the Environment and Public Works Committee, the Committee on the Armed Services, the Committee on Homeland Security and Government Affairs, the Select Committee on Intelligence, and the Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["John William Warner (born February 18, 1927) is an American Republican politician who served as Secretary of the Navy from 1972 to 1974 and as a five-term United States Senator from Virginia from January 2, 1979, to January 3, 2009. He did not seek reelection in 2008 and has rejoined the law firm of Hogan and Hartson, where he worked before joining the Department of Defense.","He grew up in Washington D.C. and joined the Navy shortly after graduating from high school, leaving as a Petty Officer 3rd Class. He then did his undergraduate studies at Washington and Lee University and began post-graduate studies at University of Virginia Law School.","With the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950, Warner joined the Marine Corps, first in active duty and then as a reserve, finally earning the rank of Captain. He resumed his studies at George Washington University and received his law degree in 1953.","He has been married three times. His first marriage was to Catherine Conover Mellon in 1957; they divorced in 1973. He was married to actress Elizabeth Taylor in 1976; they divorced in 1982. Since 2003, he has been married to Jeanne Vander Myde. He has three children, all from his first marriage.","In 1987, he was one of few Republicans to reject the nomination of Robert Bork to the Supreme Court. He would later break with Virginia Republicans, refusing to support the campaigns of Mike Farris and Oliver North. In 1996, he was one of ten Republican Senators voting against the charge of perjury in the attempted impechment of President Bill Clinton.","His committee memberships included the Environment and Public Works Committee, the Committee on the Armed Services, the Committee on Homeland Security and Government Affairs, the Select Committee on Intelligence, and the Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 10191, John W. Warner papers, Series number, Box and Folder Numbers, Identification of specific item, Date (if known), Small Special Collections, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 10191, John W. Warner papers, Series number, Box and Folder Numbers, Identification of specific item, Date (if known), Small Special Collections, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes general and constituent correspondence, office files, speeches, appointment books, photographs, scrapbooks, and clippings documenting Senator Warner's life and career.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA note regarding consituent correspondence: only in rare instances did the Senator's office keep outgoing corespondence.  The vast majority of what makes up the constituent correspondence are the incoming letters from his constituents.  Original letters sent to the Senator were microfilmed and then destroyed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes general and constituent correspondence, office files, speeches, appointment books, photographs, scrapbooks, and clippings documenting Senator Warner's life and career.","A note regarding consituent correspondence: only in rare instances did the Senator's office keep outgoing corespondence.  The vast majority of what makes up the constituent correspondence are the incoming letters from his constituents.  Original letters sent to the Senator were microfilmed and then destroyed."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome material in this collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights; the University does not hold these rights and cannot grant (or withhold) copyright permissions. The donor has retained any copyrights in any portion of the collection created or authored by him. You are free to use materials in the collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use, including fair use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). More information about permissions to publish Special Collections material is available \u003ca href=\"https://small.library.virginia.edu/services/publishing\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Some material in this collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights; the University does not hold these rights and cannot grant (or withhold) copyright permissions. The donor has retained any copyrights in any portion of the collection created or authored by him. You are free to use materials in the collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use, including fair use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). More information about permissions to publish Special Collections material is available here."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Warner, John W., 1927-","Koed, Betty K."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Warner, John W., 1927-","Koed, Betty K."],"language_ssim":["The collection is in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":775,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:58.310Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_262_c17_c680"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c01","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Indentures, 1825/1903","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c01","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c01"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c01","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04","parent_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950","Series 4. Financial and Legal papers, 1794/1910"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Indentures","title_ssm":["Indentures"],"title_tesim":["Indentures"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Indentures, 1825/1903"],"text":["Indentures, 1825/1903","Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950","Series 4. Financial and Legal papers, 1794/1910"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950","Series 4. Financial and Legal papers, 1794/1910"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950","Series 4. Financial and Legal papers, 1794/1910"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1825/1903"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-1903"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":123,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":27,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"date_range_isim":[1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:38.700Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1396.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/151360","title_filing_ssi":"Watts family papers","title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition"],"title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"unitdate_ssm":["1786-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1950"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1786/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950"],"text":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950","MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia","The collection is open for research use.","The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection.","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170.","The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia.","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers.","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","Barnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","Watts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.","There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life.","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan.","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children.","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee.","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835)","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950"],"collection_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from Katherine Watts to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 9 April 2022."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["2,588 files, 2, 371 MS Word files, 176 Open office documents, 23 jpegs, 13 Apple/Double files, 3 tiffs, 1 pdf.","Oversize box: Photographs and certificates of Watts family members (deframed)"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdded existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection.","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026amp; Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBarnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia.","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers.","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","Barnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","Watts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ehttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026amp;keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026amp;searchType=person\u0026amp;showsearch=True\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eMSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026amp; Lee, and William \u0026amp; Mary College are also mentioned.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life.","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan.","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children.","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee.","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835)"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":281,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:38.700Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c01"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c04_c18","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Legal documents re the following, 1837/1905","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c04_c18#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c04_c18","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c04_c18"],"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c04_c18","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c04","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c04","parent_ssim":["Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959","Legal Documents, 1885/1950"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_66","viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Legal documents re the following:","title_ssm":["Legal documents re the following"],"title_tesim":["Legal documents re the following"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Legal documents re the following, 1837/1905"],"text":["Legal documents re the following, 1837/1905","Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959","Legal Documents, 1885/1950","box MSS 79-6, Box 133"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959","Legal Documents, 1885/1950"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959","Legal Documents, 1885/1950"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1837/1905"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1837-1905"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":1185,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959"],"containers_ssim":["box MSS 79-6, Box 133"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":15,"date_range_isim":[1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#17","timestamp":"2026-08-15T00:04:49.439Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_66","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_66.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/106865","title_ssm":["Duke family law firm papers"],"title_tesim":["Duke family law firm papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1820 - 1959"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1820 - 1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1820/1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959"],"text":["Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959","MSS.79.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/66","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","practice of law -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia","The papers are organized into 8 series: 1st-6th series concern the law practice; 7th series, the insurance business; and the 8th, family business.","Series I. Incoming letters (boxes 1-43) -- From 1869 to 1923 (and occasionally through the 1940's) incoming letters were filed separately from other material. From 1899 to 1923 all incoming letters were stored annually in special file boxes arranged alphabetically by correspondent's name. The papers in this series are arranged as they were found.","Series II. Copies of outgoing letters (boxes 44-57) -- From the 1870's through the teens copies of outgoing letters were kept chronologically in letterpress books. The books are stored in chronological order.","Series III. Case files (boxes 58-125) -- The case files date back to 1874, but are concentrated between 1920 and 1955. While the dates of these case files overlap the chronological ones described above, case files were by no means regularly created until the early twenties when the other system was virtually abandoned. Since many, but not all, of the case files were numbered, it was impossible to restore them to numerical order. Therefore, they have been grouped into decades and then arranged alphabetically by title found on the original folder. If the original folder was numbered, that number is noted on the new one. The cases concern principally the settlement of debts, property and divorce, as well as, for the last few decades, insurance claims.","Series IV. Legal documents (boxes 126-145) -- These documents, originally stored apart from case files, are organized chronologically according to type of document, the largest groups of which are deeds (1885-1929) and titles (1876-1936). Also included in this series are documents related to specific cases (ca. 1870-1925), to the coal business, and to miscellaneous matters (ca. 1800-1950).","Series V. Financial papers (boxes 146-167 and oversize) -- The financial papers were likewise apparently filed separately in the office. They include notes, bonds, collections, accounts, bills, taxes, etc., and are arranged alphabetically (ca. 1870-1950). Ledgers containing the same sort of financial records are organized by size.","Series VI. General office correspondendence and cases (boxes 168-185) -- This alphabetical file, ca. 1920-1955, was apparently created for routine correspondence concerning clients and office matters. For some reason, certain cases were also incorporated into the alphabetical system, despite the fact that numbered case files continued to be created until the practice closed. (To complicate matters a bit further, there seem to have been two alphabetical files used consecutively. These have now been merged into one.) This series contains correspondence and case files, desk diaries, memoranda, unfiled office papers, and files relating to the insurance companies Eskridge represented.","Series VII. Insurance agency files (boxes 186-217) -- These files of the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville, 1923-1927, cover the period in which W.F. Carter, Jr., was agent. At the beginning of the series are documents concerning the audit of the agency and the subsequent incorporation.","Series VIII. Family business files, civic material and miscellany (boxes 218-232) -- These records, dating from the 1880's, provide a good deal of information about the financial affairs of the Charlottesville Dukes as well as their relatives.","Richard Thomas Walker Duke, son of Richard and Maria Walker Duke, was born 6 June 1822 in Charlottesville, Virginia, where he spent his childhood. After attending private schools, he entered Virginia Military Institute and finished second in the class of 1845. Upon graduating he taught school in Lewisburg, Virginia (now West Virginia), but returned to Charlottesville when his father died in 1849, and began studying law at the University. In 1850, he started his own law practice, and over the next ten years built a law office, was chosen one of Charlottesville's first aldermen, served briefly as mayor, and became commonwealth's attorney. He married Elizabeth Scott Eskridge of Staunton, and they had two sons, William and R. T. W. Jr. (Tom), and a daughter, Mary, all of whom lived to adulthood; two other children died in childhood.","As colonel of the 48th Regiment of the Virginia Volunteers, R. T. W. Duke took an active role in the Civil War. In 1864, he resigned his commission because of a dispute with a superior officer, but re-enlisted thirty days later. He surrendered with his troops at Silas Creek in 1865, and returned to his law practice and position as commonwealth's attorney. From that time on, Duke was known as \"the Colonel,\" and in honor of his service in the recent war, the local camp for the Sons of Confederate Veterans was named for him.","In 1863 Duke bought Sunnyside, a 70-acre tract of land northeast of Charlottesville (on which the Law School is now located), and farmed this property until his death. He was chosen secretary/treasurer of the board of trustees of the Samuel Miller Fund, established in 1869. In 1870, Duke assumed the fifth district's Congressional seat for two terms as a member of the Conservative party. Lobbying for a strong South throughout his term, Duke actively opposed the 14th Amendment. R. T. W. Duke died after a lingering illness in the summer of 1898.","William R. Duke, born in 1849, possessed his father's farming instincts and commitment to political involvement. Together they farmed and resided at Sunnyside, whose ownership William shared with his brother Tom after their father's death. Although William studied law at Virginia, and in 1883 joined his father's law practice, he devoted more energy to farming and such groups as the Virginia Cattlemen's Association. In 1897 he was elected delegate to the Virginia General Assembly. Like his father, William was also involved in local affairs, serving, for example, as clerk of the Miller Fund board of trustees for many years. William died in 1929 and was survived by his sons, William (Billy) and Camman.","Since he was born in 1853, Richard Thomas Walker Duke Jr. (Tom) witnessed the Civil War during his impressionable boyhood years and later wrote about those experiences. A gifted writer and student of languages, Tom studied classics, French, German, and English literature when he entered the University of Virginia in 1870. He was awarded the Thomas Jefferson Prize for the best essay in 1872, and then turned his attention to the study of law in 1873-74. It is likely that he later read law for a time in his father's office before passing the bar. Although the practice of law became his career, Duke wrote prose and poetry the rest of his life, and was published in the New York Herald and such magazines as Century, Lippincott's, and Illustrated American.","Throughout his long career, Tom was active in town, University, and state affairs. Among the organizations in which he held office were the Masons, Zeta Psi fraternity, the Sons of the American Revolution, the Sons of Confederate Veterans, the Miller Board, the UVA Alumni Association, and the state Democratic Committee. He served from 1886 to 1901 as judge of the Corporation Court (now called the Circuit Court), as commonwealth's attorney from 1916 to 1920, and as a member of the Committee to Revise the Virginia Code in 1908. In addition, he sat on the boards of a variety of corporations, including the Charlottesville Ice Company, the First National Bank, and a number of Kentucky and West Virginia coal development companies in which his family had invested. From 1907 to 1910, Tom edited the Virginia Law Journal.","Tom Duke married Edith Ridgeway Slaughter in 1884, and they produced six children, of whom five grew to maturity: Mary, R. T. W. III (Walker), John Flavel Slaughter (Jack), William Eskridge, and Helen Risdon. He built a spacious home for his family at 616 Park Street. A frequent traveller because of his practice, Duke also travelled for pleasure. As the children grew up, Edith often accompanied him to New York or Washington to shop, visit friends and attend plays, or she took journeys alone to visit children and other relatives. All the Duke children, as they reached their teens, attended boarding school, and all received at least some college education. Edith Duke died suddenly in 1921, and two years later, Tom married Maymee Richardson Slaughter, his wife's sister-in-law from Lynchburg. In March of 1926 Tom died at the age of 76.","Walker, after a few years in the Navy, joined the Army and became a career officer. Jack served in the Army during World War I, and then began a career in business. In 1917, Eskridge took a law degree at Virginia and joined his father's practice. He was plagued by ill-health throughout his career, and soon after their father's death, his sister Mary, a former social worker, began assisting in the law office. Helen, a librarian, worked in New York and Norfolk for a year or so before moving back to the family home. Eskridge and his wife, Lucy Lee, had three children, of whom two, William Eskridge Jr. (Bill) and Lucy Marshall, grew to adulthood. Jack died in 1933; Eskridge, in 1959; Walker, in 1960; Mary, in 1966; and Helen, in 1984.","The Charlottesville law practice established by R. T. W. Duke in 1850 remained in the family for two succeeding generations. After studying law with John B. Minor at the University of Virginia, Duke practiced alone until 1858, when he built his office at 20 Court House Square and took James D. Jones as a partner. Another lawyer, Louis G. Hanckel, joined the firm in the early seventies and handled insurance business. When Tom finished his legal studies in 1874, he assisted his father, whose partner by then was Stephen V. Southall. In the 1880's the firm was called Duke \u0026 Duke, William having joined his father shortly before Tom became judge.","The early work of the firm was limited to real estate, debt collection, and probate work, with an occasional criminal case. In addition, there was ample time for all three lawyers to pursue their assorted outside interests. At the office each man wrote his own letters, Tom switching to a Remington typewriter in 1889, before the days when they could hire a stenographer. The Dukes handled property rentals for some of their clients, the wealthiest and best known of whom was Jefferson Levy, owner of Monticello, the Opera House, and a great deal of other property in town.","With the combination of \"the Colonel's\" death, the social and economic changes in town around the turn of the century, and the energetic leadership of Tom, the workload of the practice increased and became more diverse. Loan and bond operations were added to the civil and criminal work and property management. Around 1917, Eskridge and Clarence E. Gentry joined the firm, now called Duke, Duke and Gentry. The law office was torn down in 1922, and the firm moved to a building shared with other lawyers at the corner of Fifth and Jefferson Streets. The practice flourished, and the Dukes often hired Virginia law students or graduates as clerks or associates, including Elizabeth Tompkins (the first female graduate of the Law School), Bernard Chamberlain, Anna Dinwiddie, and John Yancy.","It has not been determined whether the Dukes sold insurance after Hanckel left, but some time after Eskridge joined the firm in the late teens, the Insurance Agency was established. The title was changed to the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville in 1923, when W. F. Carter Jr. as agent. After Carter misappropriated funds, he was relieved of his job, the agency was incorporated, and the Dukes' interest in the business was eventually bought out by William B. Murphy.","Eskridge carried on the law practice with the assistance of Mary and an occasional associate. In 1937, he wrote that his firm \"is regional and local counsel for a number of insurance companies, Virginia counsel for the Pike Coal Company, and does a general legal business, specializing in insurance, real estate, corporation and probate law, also maintains a collection department.\" With his failing health in the late forties, the practice dwindled until 1955, when Duke and Duke closed a little over a hundred years after it began.","The Duke law firm papers include correspondence, case files, legal, insuarance, and financial records, as well as ledgers. The files provide extensive documentation of a small-town family practice. Since the insurance business and the Dukes's family business affairs were handled in the same office as the law practice, these files had remained with the legal files. The family correspondence found with these papers was transferred to Special Collections in Alderman Library.","The Duke papers were transferred from the first Duke office to the second Duke office, finally to their third office on Park Street, where they apparently were shifted more than once. Things were unavoidably jumbled, but the order within the cartons, the types of file boxes and folders, and the dates made it possible to reconstruct the original filing arrangements.","This collection is rich in source material for scholars of legal, social, or local history. The first area of research focuses on the changes in the character of this small-town law practice from the post-Civil War to the post-World War II periods. There are well-documented accounts in the shifts in the type of legal work the law firm handled, the daily office operations over the years, the economic vicissitudes of the practice, and the attitudes of three generations of lawyers. There is information on the political, economic, and social conditions of the Charlottesville area during the time span of the Dukes' law practice.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Duke family","Duke, R. T. W. (Richard Thomas Walker), 1822-1898","Duke, R. T. W. (Richard Thomas Walker), 1853-1926","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William R., 1849-1929","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959"],"collection_ssim":["Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.79.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/66"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.79.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/66"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"places_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Duke, R. T. W. (Richard Thomas Walker), 1822-1898","Duke, R. T. W. (Richard Thomas Walker), 1853-1926","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959"],"creator_ssim":["Duke, R. T. W. (Richard Thomas Walker), 1822-1898","Duke, R. T. W. (Richard Thomas Walker), 1853-1926","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Duke, R. T. W. (Richard Thomas Walker), 1822-1898","Duke, R. T. W. (Richard Thomas Walker), 1853-1926","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William R., 1849-1929"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Duke family"],"creators_ssim":["Duke, R. T. W. (Richard Thomas Walker), 1822-1898","Duke, R. T. W. (Richard Thomas Walker), 1853-1926","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William R., 1849-1929","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Duke family"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was a gift of Helen R. Duke in 1979.","The addendum to the papers of the Duke \u0026 Duke law firm was donated by William E. Duke and Lucy D. Kinne to the Law Library in October of 1985 after the death of Helen Duke, donor of the original gift."],"access_subjects_ssim":["practice of law -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["practice of law -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["108.5  Linear Feet 232 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["108.5  Linear Feet 232 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are organized into 8 series: 1st-6th series concern the law practice; 7th series, the insurance business; and the 8th, family business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Incoming letters (boxes 1-43) -- From 1869 to 1923 (and occasionally through the 1940's) incoming letters were filed separately from other material. From 1899 to 1923 all incoming letters were stored annually in special file boxes arranged alphabetically by correspondent's name. The papers in this series are arranged as they were found.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Copies of outgoing letters (boxes 44-57) -- From the 1870's through the teens copies of outgoing letters were kept chronologically in letterpress books. The books are stored in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Case files (boxes 58-125) -- The case files date back to 1874, but are concentrated between 1920 and 1955. While the dates of these case files overlap the chronological ones described above, case files were by no means regularly created until the early twenties when the other system was virtually abandoned. Since many, but not all, of the case files were numbered, it was impossible to restore them to numerical order. Therefore, they have been grouped into decades and then arranged alphabetically by title found on the original folder. If the original folder was numbered, that number is noted on the new one. The cases concern principally the settlement of debts, property and divorce, as well as, for the last few decades, insurance claims.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Legal documents (boxes 126-145) -- These documents, originally stored apart from case files, are organized chronologically according to type of document, the largest groups of which are deeds (1885-1929) and titles (1876-1936). Also included in this series are documents related to specific cases (ca. 1870-1925), to the coal business, and to miscellaneous matters (ca. 1800-1950).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Financial papers (boxes 146-167 and oversize) -- The financial papers were likewise apparently filed separately in the office. They include notes, bonds, collections, accounts, bills, taxes, etc., and are arranged alphabetically (ca. 1870-1950). Ledgers containing the same sort of financial records are organized by size.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. General office correspondendence and cases (boxes 168-185) -- This alphabetical file, ca. 1920-1955, was apparently created for routine correspondence concerning clients and office matters. For some reason, certain cases were also incorporated into the alphabetical system, despite the fact that numbered case files continued to be created until the practice closed. (To complicate matters a bit further, there seem to have been two alphabetical files used consecutively. These have now been merged into one.) This series contains correspondence and case files, desk diaries, memoranda, unfiled office papers, and files relating to the insurance companies Eskridge represented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII. Insurance agency files (boxes 186-217) -- These files of the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville, 1923-1927, cover the period in which W.F. Carter, Jr., was agent. At the beginning of the series are documents concerning the audit of the agency and the subsequent incorporation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII. Family business files, civic material and miscellany (boxes 218-232) -- These records, dating from the 1880's, provide a good deal of information about the financial affairs of the Charlottesville Dukes as well as their relatives.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are organized into 8 series: 1st-6th series concern the law practice; 7th series, the insurance business; and the 8th, family business.","Series I. Incoming letters (boxes 1-43) -- From 1869 to 1923 (and occasionally through the 1940's) incoming letters were filed separately from other material. From 1899 to 1923 all incoming letters were stored annually in special file boxes arranged alphabetically by correspondent's name. The papers in this series are arranged as they were found.","Series II. Copies of outgoing letters (boxes 44-57) -- From the 1870's through the teens copies of outgoing letters were kept chronologically in letterpress books. The books are stored in chronological order.","Series III. Case files (boxes 58-125) -- The case files date back to 1874, but are concentrated between 1920 and 1955. While the dates of these case files overlap the chronological ones described above, case files were by no means regularly created until the early twenties when the other system was virtually abandoned. Since many, but not all, of the case files were numbered, it was impossible to restore them to numerical order. Therefore, they have been grouped into decades and then arranged alphabetically by title found on the original folder. If the original folder was numbered, that number is noted on the new one. The cases concern principally the settlement of debts, property and divorce, as well as, for the last few decades, insurance claims.","Series IV. Legal documents (boxes 126-145) -- These documents, originally stored apart from case files, are organized chronologically according to type of document, the largest groups of which are deeds (1885-1929) and titles (1876-1936). Also included in this series are documents related to specific cases (ca. 1870-1925), to the coal business, and to miscellaneous matters (ca. 1800-1950).","Series V. Financial papers (boxes 146-167 and oversize) -- The financial papers were likewise apparently filed separately in the office. They include notes, bonds, collections, accounts, bills, taxes, etc., and are arranged alphabetically (ca. 1870-1950). Ledgers containing the same sort of financial records are organized by size.","Series VI. General office correspondendence and cases (boxes 168-185) -- This alphabetical file, ca. 1920-1955, was apparently created for routine correspondence concerning clients and office matters. For some reason, certain cases were also incorporated into the alphabetical system, despite the fact that numbered case files continued to be created until the practice closed. (To complicate matters a bit further, there seem to have been two alphabetical files used consecutively. These have now been merged into one.) This series contains correspondence and case files, desk diaries, memoranda, unfiled office papers, and files relating to the insurance companies Eskridge represented.","Series VII. Insurance agency files (boxes 186-217) -- These files of the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville, 1923-1927, cover the period in which W.F. Carter, Jr., was agent. At the beginning of the series are documents concerning the audit of the agency and the subsequent incorporation.","Series VIII. Family business files, civic material and miscellany (boxes 218-232) -- These records, dating from the 1880's, provide a good deal of information about the financial affairs of the Charlottesville Dukes as well as their relatives."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Thomas Walker Duke, son of Richard and Maria Walker Duke, was born 6 June 1822 in Charlottesville, Virginia, where he spent his childhood. After attending private schools, he entered Virginia Military Institute and finished second in the class of 1845. Upon graduating he taught school in Lewisburg, Virginia (now West Virginia), but returned to Charlottesville when his father died in 1849, and began studying law at the University. In 1850, he started his own law practice, and over the next ten years built a law office, was chosen one of Charlottesville's first aldermen, served briefly as mayor, and became commonwealth's attorney. He married Elizabeth Scott Eskridge of Staunton, and they had two sons, William and R. T. W. Jr. (Tom), and a daughter, Mary, all of whom lived to adulthood; two other children died in childhood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs colonel of the 48th Regiment of the Virginia Volunteers, R. T. W. Duke took an active role in the Civil War. In 1864, he resigned his commission because of a dispute with a superior officer, but re-enlisted thirty days later. He surrendered with his troops at Silas Creek in 1865, and returned to his law practice and position as commonwealth's attorney. From that time on, Duke was known as \"the Colonel,\" and in honor of his service in the recent war, the local camp for the Sons of Confederate Veterans was named for him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1863 Duke bought Sunnyside, a 70-acre tract of land northeast of Charlottesville (on which the Law School is now located), and farmed this property until his death. He was chosen secretary/treasurer of the board of trustees of the Samuel Miller Fund, established in 1869. In 1870, Duke assumed the fifth district's Congressional seat for two terms as a member of the Conservative party. Lobbying for a strong South throughout his term, Duke actively opposed the 14th Amendment. R. T. W. Duke died after a lingering illness in the summer of 1898.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam R. Duke, born in 1849, possessed his father's farming instincts and commitment to political involvement. Together they farmed and resided at Sunnyside, whose ownership William shared with his brother Tom after their father's death. Although William studied law at Virginia, and in 1883 joined his father's law practice, he devoted more energy to farming and such groups as the Virginia Cattlemen's Association. In 1897 he was elected delegate to the Virginia General Assembly. Like his father, William was also involved in local affairs, serving, for example, as clerk of the Miller Fund board of trustees for many years. William died in 1929 and was survived by his sons, William (Billy) and Camman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSince he was born in 1853, Richard Thomas Walker Duke Jr. (Tom) witnessed the Civil War during his impressionable boyhood years and later wrote about those experiences. A gifted writer and student of languages, Tom studied classics, French, German, and English literature when he entered the University of Virginia in 1870. He was awarded the Thomas Jefferson Prize for the best essay in 1872, and then turned his attention to the study of law in 1873-74. It is likely that he later read law for a time in his father's office before passing the bar. Although the practice of law became his career, Duke wrote prose and poetry the rest of his life, and was published in the New York Herald and such magazines as Century, Lippincott's, and Illustrated American.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThroughout his long career, Tom was active in town, University, and state affairs. Among the organizations in which he held office were the Masons, Zeta Psi fraternity, the Sons of the American Revolution, the Sons of Confederate Veterans, the Miller Board, the UVA Alumni Association, and the state Democratic Committee. He served from 1886 to 1901 as judge of the Corporation Court (now called the Circuit Court), as commonwealth's attorney from 1916 to 1920, and as a member of the Committee to Revise the Virginia Code in 1908. In addition, he sat on the boards of a variety of corporations, including the Charlottesville Ice Company, the First National Bank, and a number of Kentucky and West Virginia coal development companies in which his family had invested. From 1907 to 1910, Tom edited the Virginia Law Journal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTom Duke married Edith Ridgeway Slaughter in 1884, and they produced six children, of whom five grew to maturity: Mary, R. T. W. III (Walker), John Flavel Slaughter (Jack), William Eskridge, and Helen Risdon. He built a spacious home for his family at 616 Park Street. A frequent traveller because of his practice, Duke also travelled for pleasure. As the children grew up, Edith often accompanied him to New York or Washington to shop, visit friends and attend plays, or she took journeys alone to visit children and other relatives. All the Duke children, as they reached their teens, attended boarding school, and all received at least some college education. Edith Duke died suddenly in 1921, and two years later, Tom married Maymee Richardson Slaughter, his wife's sister-in-law from Lynchburg. In March of 1926 Tom died at the age of 76.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker, after a few years in the Navy, joined the Army and became a career officer. Jack served in the Army during World War I, and then began a career in business. In 1917, Eskridge took a law degree at Virginia and joined his father's practice. He was plagued by ill-health throughout his career, and soon after their father's death, his sister Mary, a former social worker, began assisting in the law office. Helen, a librarian, worked in New York and Norfolk for a year or so before moving back to the family home. Eskridge and his wife, Lucy Lee, had three children, of whom two, William Eskridge Jr. (Bill) and Lucy Marshall, grew to adulthood. Jack died in 1933; Eskridge, in 1959; Walker, in 1960; Mary, in 1966; and Helen, in 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Charlottesville law practice established by R. T. W. Duke in 1850 remained in the family for two succeeding generations. After studying law with John B. Minor at the University of Virginia, Duke practiced alone until 1858, when he built his office at 20 Court House Square and took James D. Jones as a partner. Another lawyer, Louis G. Hanckel, joined the firm in the early seventies and handled insurance business. When Tom finished his legal studies in 1874, he assisted his father, whose partner by then was Stephen V. Southall. In the 1880's the firm was called Duke \u0026amp; Duke, William having joined his father shortly before Tom became judge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe early work of the firm was limited to real estate, debt collection, and probate work, with an occasional criminal case. In addition, there was ample time for all three lawyers to pursue their assorted outside interests. At the office each man wrote his own letters, Tom switching to a Remington typewriter in 1889, before the days when they could hire a stenographer. The Dukes handled property rentals for some of their clients, the wealthiest and best known of whom was Jefferson Levy, owner of Monticello, the Opera House, and a great deal of other property in town.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith the combination of \"the Colonel's\" death, the social and economic changes in town around the turn of the century, and the energetic leadership of Tom, the workload of the practice increased and became more diverse. Loan and bond operations were added to the civil and criminal work and property management. Around 1917, Eskridge and Clarence E. Gentry joined the firm, now called Duke, Duke and Gentry. The law office was torn down in 1922, and the firm moved to a building shared with other lawyers at the corner of Fifth and Jefferson Streets. The practice flourished, and the Dukes often hired Virginia law students or graduates as clerks or associates, including Elizabeth Tompkins (the first female graduate of the Law School), Bernard Chamberlain, Anna Dinwiddie, and John Yancy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt has not been determined whether the Dukes sold insurance after Hanckel left, but some time after Eskridge joined the firm in the late teens, the Insurance Agency was established. The title was changed to the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville in 1923, when W. F. Carter Jr. as agent. After Carter misappropriated funds, he was relieved of his job, the agency was incorporated, and the Dukes' interest in the business was eventually bought out by William B. Murphy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEskridge carried on the law practice with the assistance of Mary and an occasional associate. In 1937, he wrote that his firm \"is regional and local counsel for a number of insurance companies, Virginia counsel for the Pike Coal Company, and does a general legal business, specializing in insurance, real estate, corporation and probate law, also maintains a collection department.\" With his failing health in the late forties, the practice dwindled until 1955, when Duke and Duke closed a little over a hundred years after it began.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richard Thomas Walker Duke, son of Richard and Maria Walker Duke, was born 6 June 1822 in Charlottesville, Virginia, where he spent his childhood. After attending private schools, he entered Virginia Military Institute and finished second in the class of 1845. Upon graduating he taught school in Lewisburg, Virginia (now West Virginia), but returned to Charlottesville when his father died in 1849, and began studying law at the University. In 1850, he started his own law practice, and over the next ten years built a law office, was chosen one of Charlottesville's first aldermen, served briefly as mayor, and became commonwealth's attorney. He married Elizabeth Scott Eskridge of Staunton, and they had two sons, William and R. T. W. Jr. (Tom), and a daughter, Mary, all of whom lived to adulthood; two other children died in childhood.","As colonel of the 48th Regiment of the Virginia Volunteers, R. T. W. Duke took an active role in the Civil War. In 1864, he resigned his commission because of a dispute with a superior officer, but re-enlisted thirty days later. He surrendered with his troops at Silas Creek in 1865, and returned to his law practice and position as commonwealth's attorney. From that time on, Duke was known as \"the Colonel,\" and in honor of his service in the recent war, the local camp for the Sons of Confederate Veterans was named for him.","In 1863 Duke bought Sunnyside, a 70-acre tract of land northeast of Charlottesville (on which the Law School is now located), and farmed this property until his death. He was chosen secretary/treasurer of the board of trustees of the Samuel Miller Fund, established in 1869. In 1870, Duke assumed the fifth district's Congressional seat for two terms as a member of the Conservative party. Lobbying for a strong South throughout his term, Duke actively opposed the 14th Amendment. R. T. W. Duke died after a lingering illness in the summer of 1898.","William R. Duke, born in 1849, possessed his father's farming instincts and commitment to political involvement. Together they farmed and resided at Sunnyside, whose ownership William shared with his brother Tom after their father's death. Although William studied law at Virginia, and in 1883 joined his father's law practice, he devoted more energy to farming and such groups as the Virginia Cattlemen's Association. In 1897 he was elected delegate to the Virginia General Assembly. Like his father, William was also involved in local affairs, serving, for example, as clerk of the Miller Fund board of trustees for many years. William died in 1929 and was survived by his sons, William (Billy) and Camman.","Since he was born in 1853, Richard Thomas Walker Duke Jr. (Tom) witnessed the Civil War during his impressionable boyhood years and later wrote about those experiences. A gifted writer and student of languages, Tom studied classics, French, German, and English literature when he entered the University of Virginia in 1870. He was awarded the Thomas Jefferson Prize for the best essay in 1872, and then turned his attention to the study of law in 1873-74. It is likely that he later read law for a time in his father's office before passing the bar. Although the practice of law became his career, Duke wrote prose and poetry the rest of his life, and was published in the New York Herald and such magazines as Century, Lippincott's, and Illustrated American.","Throughout his long career, Tom was active in town, University, and state affairs. Among the organizations in which he held office were the Masons, Zeta Psi fraternity, the Sons of the American Revolution, the Sons of Confederate Veterans, the Miller Board, the UVA Alumni Association, and the state Democratic Committee. He served from 1886 to 1901 as judge of the Corporation Court (now called the Circuit Court), as commonwealth's attorney from 1916 to 1920, and as a member of the Committee to Revise the Virginia Code in 1908. In addition, he sat on the boards of a variety of corporations, including the Charlottesville Ice Company, the First National Bank, and a number of Kentucky and West Virginia coal development companies in which his family had invested. From 1907 to 1910, Tom edited the Virginia Law Journal.","Tom Duke married Edith Ridgeway Slaughter in 1884, and they produced six children, of whom five grew to maturity: Mary, R. T. W. III (Walker), John Flavel Slaughter (Jack), William Eskridge, and Helen Risdon. He built a spacious home for his family at 616 Park Street. A frequent traveller because of his practice, Duke also travelled for pleasure. As the children grew up, Edith often accompanied him to New York or Washington to shop, visit friends and attend plays, or she took journeys alone to visit children and other relatives. All the Duke children, as they reached their teens, attended boarding school, and all received at least some college education. Edith Duke died suddenly in 1921, and two years later, Tom married Maymee Richardson Slaughter, his wife's sister-in-law from Lynchburg. In March of 1926 Tom died at the age of 76.","Walker, after a few years in the Navy, joined the Army and became a career officer. Jack served in the Army during World War I, and then began a career in business. In 1917, Eskridge took a law degree at Virginia and joined his father's practice. He was plagued by ill-health throughout his career, and soon after their father's death, his sister Mary, a former social worker, began assisting in the law office. Helen, a librarian, worked in New York and Norfolk for a year or so before moving back to the family home. Eskridge and his wife, Lucy Lee, had three children, of whom two, William Eskridge Jr. (Bill) and Lucy Marshall, grew to adulthood. Jack died in 1933; Eskridge, in 1959; Walker, in 1960; Mary, in 1966; and Helen, in 1984.","The Charlottesville law practice established by R. T. W. Duke in 1850 remained in the family for two succeeding generations. After studying law with John B. Minor at the University of Virginia, Duke practiced alone until 1858, when he built his office at 20 Court House Square and took James D. Jones as a partner. Another lawyer, Louis G. Hanckel, joined the firm in the early seventies and handled insurance business. When Tom finished his legal studies in 1874, he assisted his father, whose partner by then was Stephen V. Southall. In the 1880's the firm was called Duke \u0026 Duke, William having joined his father shortly before Tom became judge.","The early work of the firm was limited to real estate, debt collection, and probate work, with an occasional criminal case. In addition, there was ample time for all three lawyers to pursue their assorted outside interests. At the office each man wrote his own letters, Tom switching to a Remington typewriter in 1889, before the days when they could hire a stenographer. The Dukes handled property rentals for some of their clients, the wealthiest and best known of whom was Jefferson Levy, owner of Monticello, the Opera House, and a great deal of other property in town.","With the combination of \"the Colonel's\" death, the social and economic changes in town around the turn of the century, and the energetic leadership of Tom, the workload of the practice increased and became more diverse. Loan and bond operations were added to the civil and criminal work and property management. Around 1917, Eskridge and Clarence E. Gentry joined the firm, now called Duke, Duke and Gentry. The law office was torn down in 1922, and the firm moved to a building shared with other lawyers at the corner of Fifth and Jefferson Streets. The practice flourished, and the Dukes often hired Virginia law students or graduates as clerks or associates, including Elizabeth Tompkins (the first female graduate of the Law School), Bernard Chamberlain, Anna Dinwiddie, and John Yancy.","It has not been determined whether the Dukes sold insurance after Hanckel left, but some time after Eskridge joined the firm in the late teens, the Insurance Agency was established. The title was changed to the Insurance Agency of Charlottesville in 1923, when W. F. Carter Jr. as agent. After Carter misappropriated funds, he was relieved of his job, the agency was incorporated, and the Dukes' interest in the business was eventually bought out by William B. Murphy.","Eskridge carried on the law practice with the assistance of Mary and an occasional associate. In 1937, he wrote that his firm \"is regional and local counsel for a number of insurance companies, Virginia counsel for the Pike Coal Company, and does a general legal business, specializing in insurance, real estate, corporation and probate law, also maintains a collection department.\" With his failing health in the late forties, the practice dwindled until 1955, when Duke and Duke closed a little over a hundred years after it began."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Duke law firm papers include correspondence, case files, legal, insuarance, and financial records, as well as ledgers. The files provide extensive documentation of a small-town family practice. Since the insurance business and the Dukes's family business affairs were handled in the same office as the law practice, these files had remained with the legal files. The family correspondence found with these papers was transferred to Special Collections in Alderman Library. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Duke papers were transferred from the first Duke office to the second Duke office, finally to their third office on Park Street, where they apparently were shifted more than once. Things were unavoidably jumbled, but the order within the cartons, the types of file boxes and folders, and the dates made it possible to reconstruct the original filing arrangements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is rich in source material for scholars of legal, social, or local history. The first area of research focuses on the changes in the character of this small-town law practice from the post-Civil War to the post-World War II periods. There are well-documented accounts in the shifts in the type of legal work the law firm handled, the daily office operations over the years, the economic vicissitudes of the practice, and the attitudes of three generations of lawyers. There is information on the political, economic, and social conditions of the Charlottesville area during the time span of the Dukes' law practice.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Duke law firm papers include correspondence, case files, legal, insuarance, and financial records, as well as ledgers. The files provide extensive documentation of a small-town family practice. Since the insurance business and the Dukes's family business affairs were handled in the same office as the law practice, these files had remained with the legal files. The family correspondence found with these papers was transferred to Special Collections in Alderman Library.","The Duke papers were transferred from the first Duke office to the second Duke office, finally to their third office on Park Street, where they apparently were shifted more than once. Things were unavoidably jumbled, but the order within the cartons, the types of file boxes and folders, and the dates made it possible to reconstruct the original filing arrangements.","This collection is rich in source material for scholars of legal, social, or local history. The first area of research focuses on the changes in the character of this small-town law practice from the post-Civil War to the post-World War II periods. There are well-documented accounts in the shifts in the type of legal work the law firm handled, the daily office operations over the years, the economic vicissitudes of the practice, and the attitudes of three generations of lawyers. There is information on the political, economic, and social conditions of the Charlottesville area during the time span of the Dukes' law practice."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections"],"famname_ssim":["Duke family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Duke family","Duke, William R., 1849-1929","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, R. T. W. (Richard Thomas Walker), 1822-1898","Duke, R. T. W. (Richard Thomas Walker), 1853-1926"],"persname_ssim":["Duke, R. T. W. (Richard Thomas Walker), 1822-1898","Duke, R. T. W. (Richard Thomas Walker), 1853-1926","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William R., 1849-1929"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Duke family","Duke, R. T. W. (Richard Thomas Walker), 1822-1898","Duke, R. T. W. (Richard Thomas Walker), 1853-1926","Duke, William Eskridge, 1893-1959","Duke, William R., 1849-1929"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1908,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-15T00:04:49.439Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_66_c04_c18"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c03","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Letters about collection of debts, 1794/1890","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c03","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c03"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c03","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04","parent_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950","Series 4. Financial and Legal papers, 1794/1910"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Letters about collection of debts","title_ssm":["Letters about collection of debts"],"title_tesim":["Letters about collection of debts"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Letters about collection of debts, 1794/1890"],"text":["Letters about collection of debts, 1794/1890","Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950","Series 4. Financial and Legal papers, 1794/1910","English"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950","Series 4. Financial and Legal papers, 1794/1910"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950","Series 4. Financial and Legal papers, 1794/1910"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1794/1890"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1794-1890"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":166,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":44,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#2","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:38.700Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1396.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/151360","title_filing_ssi":"Watts family papers","title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition"],"title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"unitdate_ssm":["1786-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1950"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1786/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950"],"text":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950","MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia","The collection is open for research use.","The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection.","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170.","The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia.","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers.","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","Barnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","Watts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.","There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life.","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan.","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children.","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee.","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835)","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950"],"collection_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from Katherine Watts to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 9 April 2022."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["2,588 files, 2, 371 MS Word files, 176 Open office documents, 23 jpegs, 13 Apple/Double files, 3 tiffs, 1 pdf.","Oversize box: Photographs and certificates of Watts family members (deframed)"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdded existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection.","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026amp; Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBarnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia.","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers.","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","Barnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","Watts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ehttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026amp;keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026amp;searchType=person\u0026amp;showsearch=True\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eMSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026amp; Lee, and William \u0026amp; Mary College are also mentioned.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life.","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan.","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children.","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee.","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835)"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":281,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:38.700Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c03"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c02","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, 1829/1910","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c02","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c02"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c02","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04","parent_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950","Series 4. 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Financial and Legal papers, 1794/1910"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1829/1910"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1829-1910"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":151,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":14,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:38.700Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1396.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/151360","title_filing_ssi":"Watts family papers","title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition"],"title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"unitdate_ssm":["1786-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1950"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1786/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950"],"text":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950","MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia","The collection is open for research use.","The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection.","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170.","The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia.","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers.","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","Barnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","Watts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.","There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life.","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan.","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children.","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee.","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835)","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950"],"collection_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from Katherine Watts to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 9 April 2022."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["2,588 files, 2, 371 MS Word files, 176 Open office documents, 23 jpegs, 13 Apple/Double files, 3 tiffs, 1 pdf.","Oversize box: Photographs and certificates of Watts family members (deframed)"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdded existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection.","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026amp; Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBarnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia.","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers.","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","Barnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","Watts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ehttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026amp;keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026amp;searchType=person\u0026amp;showsearch=True\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eMSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026amp; Lee, and William \u0026amp; Mary College are also mentioned.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life.","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan.","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children.","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee.","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835)"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":281,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:38.700Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c02"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02_c02","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Miscellaneous Writings, 1816/1940","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02_c02","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02_c02"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02_c02","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02","parent_ssim":["Blair family papers, 1821/1949","Writings"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_736","viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Miscellaneous Writings","title_ssm":["Miscellaneous Writings"],"title_tesim":["Miscellaneous Writings"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Miscellaneous Writings, 1816/1940"],"text":["Miscellaneous Writings, 1816/1940","Blair family papers, 1821/1949","Writings","English"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Blair family papers, 1821/1949","Writings"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Blair family papers, 1821/1949","Writings"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1816/1940"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1816-1940"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":212,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Blair family papers, 1821/1949"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:12.250Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_736","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_736.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/118121","title_filing_ssi":"Blair family papers","title_ssm":["Blair family papers"],"title_tesim":["Blair family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1821-1949 (bulk 1920-1940)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1821-1949 (bulk 1920-1940)"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1821/1949"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blair family papers, 1821/1949"],"text":["Blair family papers, 1821/1949","MSS 11694","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/736","The Blair family papers are organized into five series. Series one consists of personal correspondence between members of the Blair family and their associates (boxes 1-18). Series two consists of writings by Lewis H. Blair and his family (boxes 19-24).This series consists of two subseries -- the writings of Lewis H. Blair (boxes 19-21) and the writings of his family and friends (boxes 22-24). Series three consists of financial documents (boxes 25-32). There are three sub-series: personal finances (boxes 25-28), documents from the business Hideaway Motor Court (boxes 29-31), and insurance forms (box 32). Series four consists of visual artifacts like photographs, negatives, and blank postcards (boxes 33-35). Series five consists of miscellaneous artifacts and ephemera including newspapers, cookbooks, and drawings (boxes 36-44).\nMaterials in each series are arranged chronologically.","Lewis Harvie Blair was born Richmond, Virginia on June 21, 1834 to John Geddes Blair and Sara Ann Eyre Heron Blair. He served in the Confederate army from 1862-1865. After the war, Blair was a businessman and author.  After years of contributing letters to Richmond newspapers about politics and economics, in 1886 he published his first book, \"Unwise Laws: A Consideration of the Operations of a Protective Tariff upon Industry, Commerce, and Society.\" In 1889 Blair published, \"The Prosperity of the South Dependent upon the Elevation of the Negro.\" His work argued that it was in the economic interest of the South to educate African Americans.  In 1867 he married Alice Wayles Harrison; the union produced seven children -- six sons and one daughter. Alice died on February 5, 1894 and on October 27, 1898 he married Martha Ruffin Feild. Lewis Blair and Martha R. Feild had 4 daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Jospehine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Lewis Harvie Blair died of a heart attack on November 26, 1916.","Source: encyclopediavirginia.org from the Dictionary of Virginia Biography","Martha Ruffin Feild Blair was born on January 27, 1867 in Boydton, Virginia to Jane Bland Ruffin and John Shaw Feild. Martha Ruffin Feild married Lewis Harvie Blair on October 17, 1898. Their union produced four daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Josephine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Martha R. Feild Blair died on April 27, 1962 in Rockbridge Baths, Virginia. More information of Martha R.F. Blair can be found in the \"personal correspondence\" series of the Blair Family Papers.","Jean Feild Blair Helion was born on May 21, 1900 to Martha Ruffin Feild Blair and Lewis Harvie Blair. While in Paris, Jean met French artist Jean Helion.  They married in Richmond, Virginia in 1932. They had one son, Louis Helion Blair, born February 9, 1939. She died on October 23, 1944. More information on Jean Feild Blair Helion can be found in the personal correspondence series of the Blair Family Papers.","gmoa001,\nPierre Daura archive, Georgia Museum of Art, University of Georgia","BMC-M12, \nLouise Heron Blair Daura collection, Bryn Mawr College","The Blair family papers (1821-1949) contains the personal correspondence of Lewis Harvie Blair, Martha Ruffin Feild Blair, and Jean Feild Blair Helion; drafts of various works by Lewis H. Blair; a copy of Lewis H. Blair's \"On the Prosperity of the South;\" unpublished writings from Mr. Blair's family members; interior decorating books by Brown Landone; personal finances; a sampling of checks; letters and financial documents from the Hideaway Motor Court; insurance documents; photographs of family and friends; photographs of buildings; blank postcards and holiday cards; memorabilia and ephemera. The collection does not include any letters, memorabilia or documents from the United States Civil War.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Blair family papers, 1821/1949"],"collection_ssim":["Blair family papers, 1821/1949"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 11694","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/736"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 11694","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/736"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Joyce Strohkorb, 31 October 2000"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21 Cubic Feet 40 legal sized document boxes; 8 oversized folders"],"extent_tesim":["21 Cubic Feet 40 legal sized document boxes; 8 oversized folders"],"date_range_isim":[1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blair family papers are organized into five series. Series one consists of personal correspondence between members of the Blair family and their associates (boxes 1-18). Series two consists of writings by Lewis H. Blair and his family (boxes 19-24).This series consists of two subseries -- the writings of Lewis H. Blair (boxes 19-21) and the writings of his family and friends (boxes 22-24). Series three consists of financial documents (boxes 25-32). There are three sub-series: personal finances (boxes 25-28), documents from the business Hideaway Motor Court (boxes 29-31), and insurance forms (box 32). Series four consists of visual artifacts like photographs, negatives, and blank postcards (boxes 33-35). Series five consists of miscellaneous artifacts and ephemera including newspapers, cookbooks, and drawings (boxes 36-44).\nMaterials in each series are arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Blair family papers are organized into five series. Series one consists of personal correspondence between members of the Blair family and their associates (boxes 1-18). Series two consists of writings by Lewis H. Blair and his family (boxes 19-24).This series consists of two subseries -- the writings of Lewis H. Blair (boxes 19-21) and the writings of his family and friends (boxes 22-24). Series three consists of financial documents (boxes 25-32). There are three sub-series: personal finances (boxes 25-28), documents from the business Hideaway Motor Court (boxes 29-31), and insurance forms (box 32). Series four consists of visual artifacts like photographs, negatives, and blank postcards (boxes 33-35). Series five consists of miscellaneous artifacts and ephemera including newspapers, cookbooks, and drawings (boxes 36-44).\nMaterials in each series are arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLewis Harvie Blair was born Richmond, Virginia on June 21, 1834 to John Geddes Blair and Sara Ann Eyre Heron Blair. He served in the Confederate army from 1862-1865. After the war, Blair was a businessman and author.  After years of contributing letters to Richmond newspapers about politics and economics, in 1886 he published his first book, \"Unwise Laws: A Consideration of the Operations of a Protective Tariff upon Industry, Commerce, and Society.\" In 1889 Blair published, \"The Prosperity of the South Dependent upon the Elevation of the Negro.\" His work argued that it was in the economic interest of the South to educate African Americans.  In 1867 he married Alice Wayles Harrison; the union produced seven children -- six sons and one daughter. Alice died on February 5, 1894 and on October 27, 1898 he married Martha Ruffin Feild. Lewis Blair and Martha R. Feild had 4 daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Jospehine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Lewis Harvie Blair died of a heart attack on November 26, 1916. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource: encyclopediavirginia.org from the Dictionary of Virginia Biography\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartha Ruffin Feild Blair was born on January 27, 1867 in Boydton, Virginia to Jane Bland Ruffin and John Shaw Feild. Martha Ruffin Feild married Lewis Harvie Blair on October 17, 1898. Their union produced four daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Josephine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Martha R. Feild Blair died on April 27, 1962 in Rockbridge Baths, Virginia. More information of Martha R.F. Blair can be found in the \"personal correspondence\" series of the Blair Family Papers. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJean Feild Blair Helion was born on May 21, 1900 to Martha Ruffin Feild Blair and Lewis Harvie Blair. While in Paris, Jean met French artist Jean Helion.  They married in Richmond, Virginia in 1932. They had one son, Louis Helion Blair, born February 9, 1939. She died on October 23, 1944. More information on Jean Feild Blair Helion can be found in the personal correspondence series of the Blair Family Papers. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lewis Harvie Blair was born Richmond, Virginia on June 21, 1834 to John Geddes Blair and Sara Ann Eyre Heron Blair. He served in the Confederate army from 1862-1865. After the war, Blair was a businessman and author.  After years of contributing letters to Richmond newspapers about politics and economics, in 1886 he published his first book, \"Unwise Laws: A Consideration of the Operations of a Protective Tariff upon Industry, Commerce, and Society.\" In 1889 Blair published, \"The Prosperity of the South Dependent upon the Elevation of the Negro.\" His work argued that it was in the economic interest of the South to educate African Americans.  In 1867 he married Alice Wayles Harrison; the union produced seven children -- six sons and one daughter. Alice died on February 5, 1894 and on October 27, 1898 he married Martha Ruffin Feild. Lewis Blair and Martha R. Feild had 4 daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Jospehine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Lewis Harvie Blair died of a heart attack on November 26, 1916.","Source: encyclopediavirginia.org from the Dictionary of Virginia Biography","Martha Ruffin Feild Blair was born on January 27, 1867 in Boydton, Virginia to Jane Bland Ruffin and John Shaw Feild. Martha Ruffin Feild married Lewis Harvie Blair on October 17, 1898. Their union produced four daughters: Jean Feild Blair Helion, Josephine Mayo Blair Miller, Louise Heron Blair Daura, and Mary Skipwith Blair. Martha R. Feild Blair died on April 27, 1962 in Rockbridge Baths, Virginia. More information of Martha R.F. Blair can be found in the \"personal correspondence\" series of the Blair Family Papers.","Jean Feild Blair Helion was born on May 21, 1900 to Martha Ruffin Feild Blair and Lewis Harvie Blair. While in Paris, Jean met French artist Jean Helion.  They married in Richmond, Virginia in 1932. They had one son, Louis Helion Blair, born February 9, 1939. She died on October 23, 1944. More information on Jean Feild Blair Helion can be found in the personal correspondence series of the Blair Family Papers."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003egmoa001,\n\u003ca href=\"http://hmfa.libs.uga.edu/hmfa/view?docId=ead/gmoa001-ead.xml;query=;brand=default\"\u003ePierre Daura archive,\u003c/a\u003e Georgia Museum of Art, University of Georgia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBMC-M12, \n\u003ca href=\"http://triarchive.brynmawr.edu/repositories/6/resources/1516\"\u003eLouise Heron Blair Daura collection, \u003c/a\u003eBryn Mawr College\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["gmoa001,\nPierre Daura archive, Georgia Museum of Art, University of Georgia","BMC-M12, \nLouise Heron Blair Daura collection, Bryn Mawr College"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blair family papers (1821-1949) contains the personal correspondence of Lewis Harvie Blair, Martha Ruffin Feild Blair, and Jean Feild Blair Helion; drafts of various works by Lewis H. Blair; a copy of Lewis H. Blair's \"On the Prosperity of the South;\" unpublished writings from Mr. Blair's family members; interior decorating books by Brown Landone; personal finances; a sampling of checks; letters and financial documents from the Hideaway Motor Court; insurance documents; photographs of family and friends; photographs of buildings; blank postcards and holiday cards; memorabilia and ephemera. The collection does not include any letters, memorabilia or documents from the United States Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Blair family papers (1821-1949) contains the personal correspondence of Lewis Harvie Blair, Martha Ruffin Feild Blair, and Jean Feild Blair Helion; drafts of various works by Lewis H. Blair; a copy of Lewis H. Blair's \"On the Prosperity of the South;\" unpublished writings from Mr. Blair's family members; interior decorating books by Brown Landone; personal finances; a sampling of checks; letters and financial documents from the Hideaway Motor Court; insurance documents; photographs of family and friends; photographs of buildings; blank postcards and holiday cards; memorabilia and ephemera. The collection does not include any letters, memorabilia or documents from the United States Civil War."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":388,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:12.250Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_736_c02_c02"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c15_c19","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Physiology, 1833/1941","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c15_c19#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c15_c19","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c15_c19"],"id":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c15_c19","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212","_root_":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c15","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c15","parent_ssim":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records, 1825/2020","Syllabi and other course materials"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_7_resources_212","viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c15"],"title_filing_ssi":"Physiology","title_ssm":["Physiology"],"title_tesim":["Physiology"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Physiology, 1833/1941"],"text":["Physiology, 1833/1941","University of Virginia School of Medicine records, 1825/2020","Syllabi and other course materials"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records, 1825/2020","Syllabi and other course materials"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records, 1825/2020","Syllabi and other course materials"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1833/1941"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1833-1941"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":883,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records, 1825/2020"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions on access to the syllabi and course materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright restrictions may apply."],"date_range_isim":[1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941],"_nest_path_":"/components#14/components#18","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:55:09.453Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212","_root_":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_7_resources_212","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_7_resources_212.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/142986","title_ssm":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records"],"title_tesim":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-present"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-present"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1825/2020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records, 1825/2020"],"text":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records, 1825/2020","RG.17.1","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource 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Restrictions on access are made in accordance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA), the Virginia Freedom of Information Act, and any related policies or regulations.","The UVA School of Medicine records (RG-17-1) is part of a larger records group for the UVA Health System (RG-17). The School of Medicine records are further arranged into subdivisions, generally based on format. These subdivisions in many cases were chosen to reflect the Records Retention and Disposition Schedules Record Series maintained by the Library of Virginia (LVA); however, in some cases subdivisions do no have clear equivalents in the LVA schema. Some subdivisions (noted as \"Series\" in ArchivesSpace) are further divided into Sub-Series). Files are arranged alphabetically, by date, or by some other system best-suited to the contents.","Subdivisions in use for the UVA Health System records (RG-17) are listed below:","Department and Legacy Collections\nAnnual Reports\nCorrespondence and Subject Files of Selected Deans [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nCorrespondence and Subject Files of Major Department Heads\nCommencement Records\nPlanning Documents and Reports\nMotion Pictures [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nFinal Accreditation Files\nPhotographs, Slides, and Negatives\nPublic Relations Files [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nPublications\nAudiovisual Recordings [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nFinal Research Reports [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nStudent Organization Records and Publications\nWebpages\nOrganizational Charts\nPolicies, Procedures, and Handbooks\nSyllabi and Other Course Materials\nMajor Donor Records [Not included in RG-17-1]\nFundraising Planning and Reporting [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nTrust and Endowment Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nCourse Schedules and Catalogs\nLibrary Accession Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nLibrary Deaccessioning Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nAdmissions Publications\nFoundation Agreements and Management Reports\nFinal Budget [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nConference Programs and Reports\nLegacy Patient Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nHistories and Biographical Files\nManagement Reports\nOther Reports (Historically Significant)\nMedical Student Records\nDirectories\nMeeting Minutes\nAwards and Honors\nLectures and Presentations\nRoll Books [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nOther Logs and Ledgers [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nExhibit Materials [Not currently included in RG-17-1]","Historical Overview of the School of Medicine","The School of Medicine* at the University of Virginia has been a key part of the University since its establishment in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson. In his early plans, Jefferson recommended the creation of a School of Anatomy and Medicine with a rigorous academic model, where students could attain medical education in nine months, a term that was twice as long as many schools at the time. Students would read, attend lectures, and watch demonstrations, but there would be few opportunities for them to work firsthand with patients, because there was no teaching hospital in Charlottesville. When the University opened its doors to students in 1825, Dr. Robley Dunglison taught all of the classes offered by the School of Anatomy and Medicine. Beginning in 1827, medical classes were held in the Anatomical Theatre, a building designed by Jefferson (though completed after his death) to accomodate a space for anatomical dissections. The study of anatomy was an important piece of early medical education; however, there was no systematic way for medical schools to obtain bodies for dissection prior to the Virginia Anatomical Act of 1884, and so cadavers were frequently procured through illegal and unethical means. Often this involved body snatching from local graves, most commonly those found in cemeteries of Virginia's slave, free black, and poor white populations.","Dunglison remained at UVA until 1833, and during that time he persuaded the UVA Board of Visitors to hire additional faculty for his medical department. In the mid-19th century, the UVA medical school was known for providing a good theoretical education. Academic activities were largely stagnant during the years of the Civil War, when Professor of Anatomy and Surgery James L. Cabell oversaw a Confederate military hospital erected in part on the Grounds of UVA, and later when Charlottesville was occupied by Union troops at the end of the war. In the decades after the Civil War, a period of biomedical revolution began to redefine the practice of medicine. In response, UVA initiated educational reforms to its medical curriculum, gradually lengthening the degree program to four years by the end of the 19th century, and introducing coursework in new fields like bacteriology and histology. In order to create increasingly important clinical opportunities for students, UVA committed to building its own facilities, including a dispensary for out-patient care in 1892 and finally a hospital, which opened in 1901. While science and medicine had entered a period of dramatic revolution, social systems were less inclined to evolve, and access to medical education at UVA remained restricted for many members of the population.","In the early 20th century, the University of Virginia was transforming into a modern university, dedicated to both education and research. At the center of this change were UVA's health sciences programs. The University invested heavily in the School of Medicine, increasing the number of faculty in order to support emerging medical specialties and a new research mission. This period was also marked by the culmination of a fierce debate over the dual existence of state-supported medical programs in both Charlottesville and Richmond, VA. In 1921, a state-appointed commission recommended the relocation of the UVA School of Medicine to Richmond. UVA mobilized alumni and recruited political allies in order to wage a fierce campaign for the preservation of its medical program. They were ultimately successful, with the General Assembly deciding in favor of UVA. The period that followed was marked by continued expansion to the University's academic medical center, including greater specialization across the field of medicine and an increase of students, faculty, and associated personnel throughout the health sciences programs.","Also of note during this time, in 1920 a resolution of the UVA Board of Visitors agreed to admit women into graduate and professional degree programs at UVA. The first woman to graduate from the School of Medicine, Sarah Ruth Dean, a transfer student, did so in 1922. In 1924, Lila Morse Bonner became the second woman to graduate from the School of Medicine and the first to attend all four years of medical school at UVA.","By the 1940s, public confidence in the health professions was strong among much of the U.S. public. After World War II, there was broad support for wider investment in academic medical centers. At UVA, federal grants were used to build new facilities, including the construction of a multi-story hospital tower. However, also at this time, access to education, employment opportunities, and health care at UVA continued to be unequal. With the rise of the Civil Rights movement, a combination of factors including, community activism, federal legislation, and court rulings compelled the University to start removing barriers to access. In 1953, Edward Bertram Nash and Edward Thomas Wood became the first two African Americans to be admitted to the UVA School of Medicine. Both went on to graduate in 1957.","Throughout the second half of the 20th century, the UVA health system continued to expand. A new medical education building was dedicated in 1972. (Originally named for Harvey E. Jordan, a former Dean of the School of Medicine and known proponent of eugenics; the building was renamed in honor of Dr. Vivian W. Pinn in 2016). This era of expansion also saw the opening of a nursing education building, health sciences library, primary care center, and finally, in 1989, a massive new hospital building. The 1980s and 1990s also saw efforts at the School of Medicine to increase access to the health professions among under-represented groups, including women and people of color.","Rapid developments in the health sciences continued to demand new facilities for research and education. The Claude Moore Medical Education Building opened as the new central location for the School of Medicine in 2010. Also in 2010, the School of Medicine launched a four college system, designed to preserve close student-faculty relationships and maintain a high-quality student experience while accommodating increased medical class size and a revised curriculum. Ten years later, the School of Medicine embraced further expansions with the launch of its Inova Campus in Northern Virginia, which provides clerkship opportunities for some upperclass medical students. The first cohort to spend their third and fourth years of medical school at the Northern Virginia campus arrived there in 2021.","*Note about naming conventions: Briefly known as the \"School of Anatomy and Medicine\" (1825-1827), the name \"School of Medicine\" was adopted by the Board of Visitors in July 1827. However, shortly later the name \"Department of Medicine\" came to be used (though some records still refer to the institution as \"School of Medicine\"). By the 1950s, the preferred name was again \"School of Medicine\".","Deans of the UVA School of Medicine","Richard Henry Whitehead, MD, 1905-1916\nTheodore Hough, PhD, [Acting Dean: 1916-1917], 1917-1924\nJames Caroll Flippin, MD, [Acting Dean: 1925-1927] 1927-1939\nHarvey Ernest Jordan, PhD, 1939-1949\nVernon W. Lippard, MD, 1949-1953\nThomas Harrison Hunter, MD, 1953-1964 [Leave of Absence: 1962-1964]\nKenneth R. Crispell, MD, [Acting Dean: 1962-1964], 1964-1971\nJames T. Hamlin III, MD, [Acting Dean: 1971-1972]\nWilliam R. Drucker, MD, 1972-1977\nNorman J. Knorr, MD, 1977-1986\nRobert M. Carey, MD, 1986-2002\nArthur \"Tim\" Garson Jr., MD, MPH 2002-2007\nSharon L. Hostler, MD, Interim Dean: 2007-2008\nSteven T. DeKosky, MD, 2008-2013\nNancy E. Dunlap, MD, PhD, 2013-2014\nRandolph J. Canterbury, MD, Interim Dean: 2014-2015\nDavid S. Wilkes, MD, 2015-2021\nMelina R. Kibbe, MD, 2021-","Prior to Richard Henry Whitehead's appointment by the Board of Visitors to the position of Dean of the Medical Faculty (as found in the UVA Board of Visitors Meeting Minutes, July 20, 1905), the position of Dean at the UVA School of Medicine was not in use. The appointment dates listed above are derived from the Board of Visitors Meeting Minutes.","Potentially Harmful Materials Statement:\nMaterials in this collection may contain distressing or disturbing content in a written, visual, or/and audiovisual format. Viewers should proceed with caution.","RG-17-1 includes records from multiple legacy collections held by the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library, including the UVA School of Medicine Reports (MS-66), UVA School of Medicine Biographical Files (MS-36), UVA Hospital Professional Staff Files (MS-25), UVA School of Medicine Chapter of Alpha Omega Alpha records (MS-53), and UVA Department of Medicine Housestaff and Chief Residents Photograph collection (MS-62). RG-17-1 also includes materials previously cataloged as separate items in Virgo (such as journals, newsletters, and reports), and materials from semi-processed legacy accessions, including the UVA School of Medicine Council on Medical Education records (Viuh-2015-26), UVA School of Medicine Faculty Files (Viuh-2015-27), and UVA School of Medicine Faculty Minutes (Viuh-2015-28). Bound materials are housed separately from the rest of the collection, and are generally referenced by individual item records (e.g. \"BIR-100\").","Materials found within the RG-17 classifications are frequently inter-related. Researchers of RG-17-1 UVA School of Medicine records may also want to consult: RG-17-2 UVA Medical Center records, RG-17-3 UVA School of Nursing records, RG-17-4 Claude Moore Health Sciences Library records, RG-17-5 Office of the Vice President for Health Affairs records, and RG-17-6 Department of Student Health records. [Some of these materials may not be currently available. All finding aids are works-in-progress.]","The UVA School of Medicine records primarily document the history of the School at all levels of the organization during the 20th and 21st centuries.","Administrative records, including annual reports, meeting minutes, planning documents policies, and other materials, document operations, strategic initiatives, and decision making.","Communications records, including newsletters, blogs, websites, pamphlets, publications, and recordings, document events and public relations work.","Medical education and research records, including accreditation files, student records, syllabi, course catalogs, student organization records, commencement records, lectures, and conference reports, document the School's primary missions.","The collection includes a number of records previously described elsewhere (e.g. as part of a former archival collection or as an indiviudal item described in the Library catalog). Among these are a large group of bound items.","The UVA School of Medicine continues to transfer analog and digital records to the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library for inclusion in this collection.","Unless otherwise noted, the University of Virginia owns the copyright to the materials in this collection that have not yet entered the public domain. You are free to use collection materials in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","Note: Oversize materials are located on Row 19, located behind Row 1.","Claude Moore Health Sciences Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records, 1825/2020"],"collection_ssim":["University of Virginia School of Medicine records, 1825/2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG.17.1","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/7/resources/212"],"unitid_tesim":["RG.17.1","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/7/resources/212"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Claude Moore Health Sciences Library"],"creators_ssim":["Claude Moore Health Sciences Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["Unless otherwise noted, the University of Virginia owns the copyright to the materials in this collection that have not yet entered the public domain. You are free to use collection materials in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["University of Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["University of Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["71 Linear Feet 11 Records boxes, 76 document boxes, and (approximately) 22 linear feet of bound material."],"extent_tesim":["71 Linear Feet 11 Records boxes, 76 document boxes, and (approximately) 22 linear feet of bound material."],"date_range_isim":[1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll materials in this collection are available for public access unless otherwise noted. Restrictions on access are made in accordance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA), the Virginia Freedom of Information Act, and any related policies or regulations.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["All materials in this collection are available for public access unless otherwise noted. Restrictions on access are made in accordance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA), the Virginia Freedom of Information Act, and any related policies or regulations."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nThe UVA School of Medicine records (RG-17-1) is part of a larger records group for the UVA Health System (RG-17). The School of Medicine records are further arranged into subdivisions, generally based on format. These subdivisions in many cases were chosen to reflect the Records Retention and Disposition Schedules Record Series maintained by the Library of Virginia (LVA); however, in some cases subdivisions do no have clear equivalents in the LVA schema. Some subdivisions (noted as \"Series\" in ArchivesSpace) are further divided into Sub-Series). Files are arranged alphabetically, by date, or by some other system best-suited to the contents.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSubdivisions in use for the UVA Health System records (RG-17) are listed below:\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003col\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eDepartment and Legacy Collections\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eAnnual Reports\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eCorrespondence and Subject Files of Selected Deans [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eCorrespondence and Subject Files of Major Department Heads\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eCommencement Records\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003ePlanning Documents and Reports\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eMotion Pictures [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eFinal Accreditation Files\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003ePhotographs, Slides, and Negatives\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003ePublic Relations Files [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003ePublications\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eAudiovisual Recordings [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eFinal Research Reports [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eStudent Organization Records and Publications\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eWebpages\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eOrganizational Charts\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003ePolicies, Procedures, and Handbooks\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eSyllabi and Other Course Materials\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eMajor Donor Records [Not included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eFundraising Planning and Reporting [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eTrust and Endowment Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eCourse Schedules and Catalogs\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eLibrary Accession Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eLibrary Deaccessioning Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eAdmissions Publications\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eFoundation Agreements and Management Reports\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eFinal Budget [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eConference Programs and Reports\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eLegacy Patient Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eHistories and Biographical Files\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eManagement Reports\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eOther Reports (Historically Significant)\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eMedical Student Records\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eDirectories\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eMeeting Minutes\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eAwards and Honors\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eLectures and Presentations\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eRoll Books [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eOther Logs and Ledgers [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eExhibit Materials [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\u003c/il\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The UVA School of Medicine records (RG-17-1) is part of a larger records group for the UVA Health System (RG-17). The School of Medicine records are further arranged into subdivisions, generally based on format. These subdivisions in many cases were chosen to reflect the Records Retention and Disposition Schedules Record Series maintained by the Library of Virginia (LVA); however, in some cases subdivisions do no have clear equivalents in the LVA schema. Some subdivisions (noted as \"Series\" in ArchivesSpace) are further divided into Sub-Series). Files are arranged alphabetically, by date, or by some other system best-suited to the contents.","Subdivisions in use for the UVA Health System records (RG-17) are listed below:","Department and Legacy Collections\nAnnual Reports\nCorrespondence and Subject Files of Selected Deans [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nCorrespondence and Subject Files of Major Department Heads\nCommencement Records\nPlanning Documents and Reports\nMotion Pictures [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nFinal Accreditation Files\nPhotographs, Slides, and Negatives\nPublic Relations Files [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nPublications\nAudiovisual Recordings [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nFinal Research Reports [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nStudent Organization Records and Publications\nWebpages\nOrganizational Charts\nPolicies, Procedures, and Handbooks\nSyllabi and Other Course Materials\nMajor Donor Records [Not included in RG-17-1]\nFundraising Planning and Reporting [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nTrust and Endowment Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nCourse Schedules and Catalogs\nLibrary Accession Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nLibrary Deaccessioning Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nAdmissions Publications\nFoundation Agreements and Management Reports\nFinal Budget [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nConference Programs and Reports\nLegacy Patient Records [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nHistories and Biographical Files\nManagement Reports\nOther Reports (Historically Significant)\nMedical Student Records\nDirectories\nMeeting Minutes\nAwards and Honors\nLectures and Presentations\nRoll Books [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nOther Logs and Ledgers [Not currently included in RG-17-1]\nExhibit Materials [Not currently included in RG-17-1]"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHistorical Overview of the School of Medicine\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cbr\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe School of Medicine* at the University of Virginia has been a key part of the University since its establishment in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson. In his early plans, Jefferson recommended the creation of a School of Anatomy and Medicine with a rigorous academic model, where students could attain medical education in nine months, a term that was twice as long as many schools at the time. Students would read, attend lectures, and watch demonstrations, but there would be few opportunities for them to work firsthand with patients, because there was no teaching hospital in Charlottesville. When the University opened its doors to students in 1825, Dr. Robley Dunglison taught all of the classes offered by the School of Anatomy and Medicine. Beginning in 1827, medical classes were held in the Anatomical Theatre, a building designed by Jefferson (though completed after his death) to accomodate a space for anatomical dissections. The study of anatomy was an important piece of early medical education; however, there was no systematic way for medical schools to obtain bodies for dissection prior to the Virginia Anatomical Act of 1884, and so cadavers were frequently procured through illegal and unethical means. Often this involved body snatching from local graves, most commonly those found in cemeteries of Virginia's slave, free black, and poor white populations. \n\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nDunglison remained at UVA until 1833, and during that time he persuaded the UVA Board of Visitors to hire additional faculty for his medical department. In the mid-19th century, the UVA medical school was known for providing a good theoretical education. Academic activities were largely stagnant during the years of the Civil War, when Professor of Anatomy and Surgery James L. Cabell oversaw a Confederate military hospital erected in part on the Grounds of UVA, and later when Charlottesville was occupied by Union troops at the end of the war. In the decades after the Civil War, a period of biomedical revolution began to redefine the practice of medicine. In response, UVA initiated educational reforms to its medical curriculum, gradually lengthening the degree program to four years by the end of the 19th century, and introducing coursework in new fields like bacteriology and histology. In order to create increasingly important clinical opportunities for students, UVA committed to building its own facilities, including a dispensary for out-patient care in 1892 and finally a hospital, which opened in 1901. While science and medicine had entered a period of dramatic revolution, social systems were less inclined to evolve, and access to medical education at UVA remained restricted for many members of the population.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nIn the early 20th century, the University of Virginia was transforming into a modern university, dedicated to both education and research. At the center of this change were UVA's health sciences programs. The University invested heavily in the School of Medicine, increasing the number of faculty in order to support emerging medical specialties and a new research mission. This period was also marked by the culmination of a fierce debate over the dual existence of state-supported medical programs in both Charlottesville and Richmond, VA. In 1921, a state-appointed commission recommended the relocation of the UVA School of Medicine to Richmond. UVA mobilized alumni and recruited political allies in order to wage a fierce campaign for the preservation of its medical program. They were ultimately successful, with the General Assembly deciding in favor of UVA. The period that followed was marked by continued expansion to the University's academic medical center, including greater specialization across the field of medicine and an increase of students, faculty, and associated personnel throughout the health sciences programs.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nAlso of note during this time, in 1920 a resolution of the UVA Board of Visitors agreed to admit women into graduate and professional degree programs at UVA. The first woman to graduate from the School of Medicine, Sarah Ruth Dean, a transfer student, did so in 1922. In 1924, Lila Morse Bonner became the second woman to graduate from the School of Medicine and the first to attend all four years of medical school at UVA.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nBy the 1940s, public confidence in the health professions was strong among much of the U.S. public. After World War II, there was broad support for wider investment in academic medical centers. At UVA, federal grants were used to build new facilities, including the construction of a multi-story hospital tower. However, also at this time, access to education, employment opportunities, and health care at UVA continued to be unequal. With the rise of the Civil Rights movement, a combination of factors including, community activism, federal legislation, and court rulings compelled the University to start removing barriers to access. In 1953, Edward Bertram Nash and Edward Thomas Wood became the first two African Americans to be admitted to the UVA School of Medicine. Both went on to graduate in 1957.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThroughout the second half of the 20th century, the UVA health system continued to expand. A new medical education building was dedicated in 1972. (Originally named for Harvey E. Jordan, a former Dean of the School of Medicine and known proponent of eugenics; the building was renamed in honor of Dr. Vivian W. Pinn in 2016). This era of expansion also saw the opening of a nursing education building, health sciences library, primary care center, and finally, in 1989, a massive new hospital building. The 1980s and 1990s also saw efforts at the School of Medicine to increase access to the health professions among under-represented groups, including women and people of color.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nRapid developments in the health sciences continued to demand new facilities for research and education. The Claude Moore Medical Education Building opened as the new central location for the School of Medicine in 2010. Also in 2010, the School of Medicine launched a four college system, designed to preserve close student-faculty relationships and maintain a high-quality student experience while accommodating increased medical class size and a revised curriculum. Ten years later, the School of Medicine embraced further expansions with the launch of its Inova Campus in Northern Virginia, which provides clerkship opportunities for some upperclass medical students. The first cohort to spend their third and fourth years of medical school at the Northern Virginia campus arrived there in 2021.\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n*Note about naming conventions: Briefly known as the \"School of Anatomy and Medicine\" (1825-1827), the name \"School of Medicine\" was adopted by the Board of Visitors in July 1827. However, shortly later the name \"Department of Medicine\" came to be used (though some records still refer to the institution as \"School of Medicine\"). By the 1950s, the preferred name was again \"School of Medicine\". \n\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003e\nDeans of the UVA School of Medicine\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eRichard Henry Whitehead, MD, 1905-1916\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eTheodore Hough, PhD, [Acting Dean: 1916-1917], 1917-1924\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eJames Caroll Flippin, MD, [Acting Dean: 1925-1927] 1927-1939\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eHarvey Ernest Jordan, PhD, 1939-1949\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eVernon W. Lippard, MD, 1949-1953\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eThomas Harrison Hunter, MD, 1953-1964 [Leave of Absence: 1962-1964]\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eKenneth R. Crispell, MD, [Acting Dean: 1962-1964], 1964-1971\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eJames T. Hamlin III, MD, [Acting Dean: 1971-1972]\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eWilliam R. Drucker, MD, 1972-1977\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eNorman J. Knorr, MD, 1977-1986\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eRobert M. Carey, MD, 1986-2002\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eArthur \"Tim\" Garson Jr., MD, MPH 2002-2007\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eSharon L. Hostler, MD, Interim Dean: 2007-2008\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eSteven T. DeKosky, MD, 2008-2013\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eNancy E. Dunlap, MD, PhD, 2013-2014\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eRandolph J. Canterbury, MD, Interim Dean: 2014-2015\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eDavid S. Wilkes, MD, 2015-2021\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cil\u003eMelina R. Kibbe, MD, 2021-\u003c/il\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nPrior to Richard Henry Whitehead's appointment by the Board of Visitors to the position of Dean of the Medical Faculty (as found in the UVA Board of Visitors Meeting Minutes, July 20, 1905), the position of Dean at the UVA School of Medicine was not in use. The appointment dates listed above are derived from the Board of Visitors Meeting Minutes.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Historical Overview of the School of Medicine","The School of Medicine* at the University of Virginia has been a key part of the University since its establishment in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson. In his early plans, Jefferson recommended the creation of a School of Anatomy and Medicine with a rigorous academic model, where students could attain medical education in nine months, a term that was twice as long as many schools at the time. Students would read, attend lectures, and watch demonstrations, but there would be few opportunities for them to work firsthand with patients, because there was no teaching hospital in Charlottesville. When the University opened its doors to students in 1825, Dr. Robley Dunglison taught all of the classes offered by the School of Anatomy and Medicine. Beginning in 1827, medical classes were held in the Anatomical Theatre, a building designed by Jefferson (though completed after his death) to accomodate a space for anatomical dissections. The study of anatomy was an important piece of early medical education; however, there was no systematic way for medical schools to obtain bodies for dissection prior to the Virginia Anatomical Act of 1884, and so cadavers were frequently procured through illegal and unethical means. Often this involved body snatching from local graves, most commonly those found in cemeteries of Virginia's slave, free black, and poor white populations.","Dunglison remained at UVA until 1833, and during that time he persuaded the UVA Board of Visitors to hire additional faculty for his medical department. In the mid-19th century, the UVA medical school was known for providing a good theoretical education. Academic activities were largely stagnant during the years of the Civil War, when Professor of Anatomy and Surgery James L. Cabell oversaw a Confederate military hospital erected in part on the Grounds of UVA, and later when Charlottesville was occupied by Union troops at the end of the war. In the decades after the Civil War, a period of biomedical revolution began to redefine the practice of medicine. In response, UVA initiated educational reforms to its medical curriculum, gradually lengthening the degree program to four years by the end of the 19th century, and introducing coursework in new fields like bacteriology and histology. In order to create increasingly important clinical opportunities for students, UVA committed to building its own facilities, including a dispensary for out-patient care in 1892 and finally a hospital, which opened in 1901. While science and medicine had entered a period of dramatic revolution, social systems were less inclined to evolve, and access to medical education at UVA remained restricted for many members of the population.","In the early 20th century, the University of Virginia was transforming into a modern university, dedicated to both education and research. At the center of this change were UVA's health sciences programs. The University invested heavily in the School of Medicine, increasing the number of faculty in order to support emerging medical specialties and a new research mission. This period was also marked by the culmination of a fierce debate over the dual existence of state-supported medical programs in both Charlottesville and Richmond, VA. In 1921, a state-appointed commission recommended the relocation of the UVA School of Medicine to Richmond. UVA mobilized alumni and recruited political allies in order to wage a fierce campaign for the preservation of its medical program. They were ultimately successful, with the General Assembly deciding in favor of UVA. The period that followed was marked by continued expansion to the University's academic medical center, including greater specialization across the field of medicine and an increase of students, faculty, and associated personnel throughout the health sciences programs.","Also of note during this time, in 1920 a resolution of the UVA Board of Visitors agreed to admit women into graduate and professional degree programs at UVA. The first woman to graduate from the School of Medicine, Sarah Ruth Dean, a transfer student, did so in 1922. In 1924, Lila Morse Bonner became the second woman to graduate from the School of Medicine and the first to attend all four years of medical school at UVA.","By the 1940s, public confidence in the health professions was strong among much of the U.S. public. After World War II, there was broad support for wider investment in academic medical centers. At UVA, federal grants were used to build new facilities, including the construction of a multi-story hospital tower. However, also at this time, access to education, employment opportunities, and health care at UVA continued to be unequal. With the rise of the Civil Rights movement, a combination of factors including, community activism, federal legislation, and court rulings compelled the University to start removing barriers to access. In 1953, Edward Bertram Nash and Edward Thomas Wood became the first two African Americans to be admitted to the UVA School of Medicine. Both went on to graduate in 1957.","Throughout the second half of the 20th century, the UVA health system continued to expand. A new medical education building was dedicated in 1972. (Originally named for Harvey E. Jordan, a former Dean of the School of Medicine and known proponent of eugenics; the building was renamed in honor of Dr. Vivian W. Pinn in 2016). This era of expansion also saw the opening of a nursing education building, health sciences library, primary care center, and finally, in 1989, a massive new hospital building. The 1980s and 1990s also saw efforts at the School of Medicine to increase access to the health professions among under-represented groups, including women and people of color.","Rapid developments in the health sciences continued to demand new facilities for research and education. The Claude Moore Medical Education Building opened as the new central location for the School of Medicine in 2010. Also in 2010, the School of Medicine launched a four college system, designed to preserve close student-faculty relationships and maintain a high-quality student experience while accommodating increased medical class size and a revised curriculum. Ten years later, the School of Medicine embraced further expansions with the launch of its Inova Campus in Northern Virginia, which provides clerkship opportunities for some upperclass medical students. The first cohort to spend their third and fourth years of medical school at the Northern Virginia campus arrived there in 2021.","*Note about naming conventions: Briefly known as the \"School of Anatomy and Medicine\" (1825-1827), the name \"School of Medicine\" was adopted by the Board of Visitors in July 1827. However, shortly later the name \"Department of Medicine\" came to be used (though some records still refer to the institution as \"School of Medicine\"). By the 1950s, the preferred name was again \"School of Medicine\".","Deans of the UVA School of Medicine","Richard Henry Whitehead, MD, 1905-1916\nTheodore Hough, PhD, [Acting Dean: 1916-1917], 1917-1924\nJames Caroll Flippin, MD, [Acting Dean: 1925-1927] 1927-1939\nHarvey Ernest Jordan, PhD, 1939-1949\nVernon W. Lippard, MD, 1949-1953\nThomas Harrison Hunter, MD, 1953-1964 [Leave of Absence: 1962-1964]\nKenneth R. Crispell, MD, [Acting Dean: 1962-1964], 1964-1971\nJames T. Hamlin III, MD, [Acting Dean: 1971-1972]\nWilliam R. Drucker, MD, 1972-1977\nNorman J. Knorr, MD, 1977-1986\nRobert M. Carey, MD, 1986-2002\nArthur \"Tim\" Garson Jr., MD, MPH 2002-2007\nSharon L. Hostler, MD, Interim Dean: 2007-2008\nSteven T. DeKosky, MD, 2008-2013\nNancy E. Dunlap, MD, PhD, 2013-2014\nRandolph J. Canterbury, MD, Interim Dean: 2014-2015\nDavid S. Wilkes, MD, 2015-2021\nMelina R. Kibbe, MD, 2021-","Prior to Richard Henry Whitehead's appointment by the Board of Visitors to the position of Dean of the Medical Faculty (as found in the UVA Board of Visitors Meeting Minutes, July 20, 1905), the position of Dean at the UVA School of Medicine was not in use. The appointment dates listed above are derived from the Board of Visitors Meeting Minutes."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePotentially Harmful Materials Statement:\nMaterials in this collection may contain distressing or disturbing content in a written, visual, or/and audiovisual format. Viewers should proceed with caution.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Potentially Harmful Materials Statement:\nMaterials in this collection may contain distressing or disturbing content in a written, visual, or/and audiovisual format. Viewers should proceed with caution."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRG-17-1 includes records from multiple legacy collections held by the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library, including the UVA School of Medicine Reports (MS-66), UVA School of Medicine Biographical Files (MS-36), UVA Hospital Professional Staff Files (MS-25), UVA School of Medicine Chapter of Alpha Omega Alpha records (MS-53), and UVA Department of Medicine Housestaff and Chief Residents Photograph collection (MS-62). RG-17-1 also includes materials previously cataloged as separate items in Virgo (such as journals, newsletters, and reports), and materials from semi-processed legacy accessions, including the UVA School of Medicine Council on Medical Education records (Viuh-2015-26), UVA School of Medicine Faculty Files (Viuh-2015-27), and UVA School of Medicine Faculty Minutes (Viuh-2015-28). Bound materials are housed separately from the rest of the collection, and are generally referenced by individual item records (e.g. \"BIR-100\").\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["RG-17-1 includes records from multiple legacy collections held by the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library, including the UVA School of Medicine Reports (MS-66), UVA School of Medicine Biographical Files (MS-36), UVA Hospital Professional Staff Files (MS-25), UVA School of Medicine Chapter of Alpha Omega Alpha records (MS-53), and UVA Department of Medicine Housestaff and Chief Residents Photograph collection (MS-62). RG-17-1 also includes materials previously cataloged as separate items in Virgo (such as journals, newsletters, and reports), and materials from semi-processed legacy accessions, including the UVA School of Medicine Council on Medical Education records (Viuh-2015-26), UVA School of Medicine Faculty Files (Viuh-2015-27), and UVA School of Medicine Faculty Minutes (Viuh-2015-28). Bound materials are housed separately from the rest of the collection, and are generally referenced by individual item records (e.g. \"BIR-100\")."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials found within the RG-17 classifications are frequently inter-related. Researchers of RG-17-1 UVA School of Medicine records may also want to consult: RG-17-2 UVA Medical Center records, RG-17-3 UVA School of Nursing records, RG-17-4 Claude Moore Health Sciences Library records, RG-17-5 Office of the Vice President for Health Affairs records, and RG-17-6 Department of Student Health records. [Some of these materials may not be currently available. All finding aids are works-in-progress.]\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Materials found within the RG-17 classifications are frequently inter-related. Researchers of RG-17-1 UVA School of Medicine records may also want to consult: RG-17-2 UVA Medical Center records, RG-17-3 UVA School of Nursing records, RG-17-4 Claude Moore Health Sciences Library records, RG-17-5 Office of the Vice President for Health Affairs records, and RG-17-6 Department of Student Health records. [Some of these materials may not be currently available. All finding aids are works-in-progress.]"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe UVA School of Medicine records primarily document the history of the School at all levels of the organization during the 20th and 21st centuries.\u003c/p\u003e \n\n","\u003cp\u003eAdministrative records, including annual reports, meeting minutes, planning documents policies, and other materials, document operations, strategic initiatives, and decision making.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eCommunications records, including newsletters, blogs, websites, pamphlets, publications, and recordings, document events and public relations work.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eMedical education and research records, including accreditation files, student records, syllabi, course catalogs, student organization records, commencement records, lectures, and conference reports, document the School's primary missions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe collection includes a number of records previously described elsewhere (e.g. as part of a former archival collection or as an indiviudal item described in the Library catalog). Among these are a large group of bound items. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe UVA School of Medicine continues to transfer analog and digital records to the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library for inclusion in this collection.\n\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The UVA School of Medicine records primarily document the history of the School at all levels of the organization during the 20th and 21st centuries.","Administrative records, including annual reports, meeting minutes, planning documents policies, and other materials, document operations, strategic initiatives, and decision making.","Communications records, including newsletters, blogs, websites, pamphlets, publications, and recordings, document events and public relations work.","Medical education and research records, including accreditation files, student records, syllabi, course catalogs, student organization records, commencement records, lectures, and conference reports, document the School's primary missions.","The collection includes a number of records previously described elsewhere (e.g. as part of a former archival collection or as an indiviudal item described in the Library catalog). Among these are a large group of bound items.","The UVA School of Medicine continues to transfer analog and digital records to the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library for inclusion in this collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnless otherwise noted, the University of Virginia owns the copyright to the materials in this collection that have not yet entered the public domain. You are free to use collection materials in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unless otherwise noted, the University of Virginia owns the copyright to the materials in this collection that have not yet entered the public domain. You are free to use collection materials in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b76629f2a96d875f29b35869f044ff5b\"\u003eNote: Oversize materials are located on Row 19, located behind Row 1.\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Note: Oversize materials are located on Row 19, located behind Row 1."],"corpname_ssim":["Claude Moore Health Sciences Library"],"names_ssim":["Claude Moore Health Sciences Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3420,"online_item_count_is":3,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:55:09.453Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_7_resources_212_c15_c19"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c04","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Stocks, 1841/1891","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c04","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c04"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c04","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04","parent_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950","Series 4. 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Financial and Legal papers, 1794/1910"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1841/1891"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1841-1891"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":220,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#3","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:38.700Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1396.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/151360","title_filing_ssi":"Watts family papers","title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition"],"title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"unitdate_ssm":["1786-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1950"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1786/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950"],"text":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950","MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia","The collection is open for research use.","The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection.","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170.","The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia.","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers.","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","Barnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","Watts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.","There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life.","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan.","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children.","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee.","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835)","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950"],"collection_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition, 1786/1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from Katherine Watts to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 9 April 2022."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["2,588 files, 2, 371 MS Word files, 176 Open office documents, 23 jpegs, 13 Apple/Double files, 3 tiffs, 1 pdf.","Oversize box: Photographs and certificates of Watts family members (deframed)"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdded existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection.","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026amp; Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBarnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia.","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers.","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","Barnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","Watts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ehttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026amp;keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026amp;searchType=person\u0026amp;showsearch=True\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eMSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026amp; Lee, and William \u0026amp; Mary College are also mentioned.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life.","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan.","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children.","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee.","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835)"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":281,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:38.700Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c04"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1581_c01_c01","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Subseries A. Jeremiah Morton correspondence, 1831/1884","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1581_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1581_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1581_c01_c01"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1581_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1581","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1581","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1581_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1581_c01","parent_ssim":["Morton-Halsey family papers, 1833/1951","Series 1. Correspondence, 1831/1938"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1581","viu_repositories_3_resources_1581_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subseries A. Jeremiah Morton correspondence","title_ssm":["Subseries A. Jeremiah Morton correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Subseries A. Jeremiah Morton correspondence"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subseries A. Jeremiah Morton correspondence, 1831/1884"],"text":["Subseries A. Jeremiah Morton correspondence, 1831/1884","Morton-Halsey family papers, 1833/1951","Series 1. Correspondence, 1831/1938"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Morton-Halsey family papers, 1833/1951","Series 1. Correspondence, 1831/1938"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Morton-Halsey family papers, 1833/1951","Series 1. Correspondence, 1831/1938"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1831/1884"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1831-1884; undated"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":2,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Morton-Halsey family papers, 1833/1951"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"date_range_isim":[1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:38.700Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1581","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1581","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1581","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1581","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1581.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/191816","title_filing_ssi":"Morton-Halsey family papers","title_ssm":["Morton-Halsey family papers"],"title_tesim":["Morton-Halsey family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1833-1951"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1833-1951"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1833/1951"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Morton-Halsey family papers, 1833/1951"],"text":["Morton-Halsey family papers, 1833/1951","MSS 3995","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1581","The collection is open for research use.","Joseph Jackson Halsey (1820-1907) was born in New York to Samuel Beach Halsey (1796-1871) and Sarah Dubois Jackson (1803-1859) -no relation to Stonewall Jackson found- and raised in Morristown, New Jersey. He was educated at the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University)and accepted a teaching position in Fredericksburg, Virginia at the Classical and Scientific Athenaeum in 1842. While there he met and married Mildred \"Milly\"Morton (1825-1906?) in 1846, daughter of Jeremiah Morton (1799-1872) and Mary Eleanor \"Jane\" Smith Morton (1801-1876) from Morton Hall (\"The Hall\" near \"Lessland\") an estate in Racoon Ford, Orange County, Virginia. He was admitted into the bar in 1847 and moved to the Morton plantation to farm and practice law in Culpeper County, Virginia.","He became an increasingly close friend and business associate of his father-in-law Jeremiah Morton. Halsey served as a captain in the 6th Virginia Calvalry Regiment during the Civil War. In 1863, in response to a charge that he had been away without leave, Halsey wrote an account of his wartime activities until that time: a cycle of activity, failing health, leave, recovery, and return. After the war, Halsey was a shareholder of the Orange, Alexandria and Manassas Railroad, owned a saw mill operation and mining operations, and was an Emigrant Aid and Homestead Company agent for the sale of large tracts of Virginia land.","A large landowner and important political figure in the region, Jeremiah Morton lived at his nearby plantation \"The Hall\" (locally known as Morton Hall). . . According to family tradition, Morton christened the 441-acre tract Lessland because it contained 'less land' than his other properties Moreland and Stillmore.\"Lessland\" was damaged by fire in 1870 and was rebuilt in 1871 by J. J. Halsey who had purchased the land from his father-in-law in 1854. Halsey died at \"Lessland\" in 1907.","J. J. Halsey and Jeremiah Morton were strong supporters of the South and its institution of Enslavery. Halsey's correspondence with his brother Edmund Halsey and Samuel Halsey showed their different views of the North and South on subjects such as slavery, abolitionism, secession, the elections of Presidents Buchanan and Lincoln, the Missouri Compromise, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, reconstruction, and the impeachment of Andrew Johnson.","The Morton-Halsey family had many enslaved persons who are mentioned by first names, Douglass, Edmonia \"Monie,\" Jerdome, Lucas, Melinda, Judy, Linda, and George to name a few. There is an account in the correspondence that Joseph Morton \"Mort\" Halsey had an encounter with \"Lummie\" (Columbia Conway who was employed by the family) and she became pregnant with his child and took him to court. J. J. Halsey often writes negative accounts of African Americans.","Jeremiah Morton was born in Fredericksburg, Spotsylvania County, Virginia, on September 3, 1799. He was the son of Jeremiah Morton and Mildred Garnett Jackson. He was left without parents at a very young age. It is likely he was raised by his paternal grandmother, Jane Morton. He attended a private school and Washington College (now Washington and Lee University), in Lexington, Virginia from 1814 thru 1815. He graduated from the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia in 1819, studied law, and was admitted to the bar. He practiced at Raccoon Ford, Virginia until sickness (probably from his earlier engagement in the war) ended his legal career. He then engaged in agricultural and political pursuits.","He was elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress and served from March 4, 1849 until March 3, 1851. He was unsuccessful for reelection to the Thirty-second Congress and resumed agricultural pursuits. He was a member of the State secession convention in 1861 and was appointed as a colonel in the cavalry by Virginia Governor John Letcher. He attempted to amass food during the shortages of 1864. He was appointed trustee of the Theological Seminary of Virginia at Alexandria. He died at Lessland in Orange County, Virginia on November 28, 1878 and was buried in a private cemetery at his old home Morton Hall. He may have suffered later in life from failed ventures including the purchase of Sulpur White Springs. Several family members throughout his line struggled with mental illness and the ailment alcoholism.Family and business fortunes plummeted following the Confederate defeat. He wrote about it to his brother, Senator Jackson Morton of Milton, Florida; and Jackson's son, W. Chase Morton; and with Henry Ahrens, a Florida businessman.","J. J. Halsey and Milly Halsey were the parents of Fannie Morton Halsey Dickenson (1848-1936) who married James Cooper Dickenson, Annie (Nannie) Augusta Halsey Alexander (1850-1917) who married James Porter Alexander, Jeremiah Morton \"Mort\" Halsey (1852-1921) who married Irena Louisa Stearns (1854-1886), Robert Ogden Halsey (1854-1939) who married Ella Halsey, and Dr. Bee Bartow Halsey (1862-1918 born Thomas Jackson Halsey) who married Delia Halsey.","Irena \"Rena\"Louisa Stearns died after childbirth in 1886. Mort Halsey suffered from severe alcoholism and was often absent as a single parent, while he was either uanble to stop drinking or at a hospital for treatment. He and Rena had three children, Caroline \"Virginia\" Halsey [Wilkinson] b. 1878 who was committed to Western State in Staunton, Virginia in 1900, Irena Louisa \"Lou\" Halsey b.1880 who attended Virginia Female Institute and seemed central in keeping her family together even though they were often sent in different directions, as they were raised by their grandparents, guardians and nurses, and Franklin Stearns \"Buddie\" Halsey b. 1881 who was very close with his sister Lou and married his first cousin Fannie Dickenson. Lou Halsey married Charles Palmer Stearns, (her first cousin).","Fannie Morton Halsey Dickenson and James Cooper Dickenson were the parents of Fannie Dickenson (b. 1884) married Franklin Stearns \"Buddie\" Halsey, James \"Short\" Halsey b. 1889, and step-children Hattie, Willie, and Anne \"Mate.\" \"Buddie\" struggled with alcohol, and Fannie Dickenson Halsey divorced him. (mention of domestic abuse also).","Annie Alexander and James Porter Alexander were the parents of Jamie Alexander who was engaged to [Georgie], Celia Alexander b. 1886, and Mildred Alexander (1877-1890).","Robert Ogden Halsey and his wife Ella were the parents of eight children including Nellie, Joe, Susan, Edmund, Morton, and Janie.","Dr. Bee Bartow Halsey (1862-1918) and his wife Delia were the parents of Helen Halsey and they lived in Prescott, Arizona. Dr. Halsey may have struggled with alcoholism later in life.","Also mentioned are the siblings of J. J. Halsey, his brother Abraham Halsey (1831-1900) who made his fortune in California, Ann Eliza Halsey (1827-1868), Susan Electa Halsey (1829-1899), Stephen Halsey, Samuel S. Halsey (1835-1889), Cornelia Van Wyck Halsey (1838-1915), and Edmund Drake Halsey (1840-1896)","Content Note: The correspondence particularly from J. J. Halsey contain references or imagery involving racism. In addition to the numerous enslaved persons in this family, J. J. Halsey and other family members often slur African Americans in correspondence throughout the collection.The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","The Morton and Halsey family papers and addition (MSS 3995) contain family letters and some business letters, financial and legal papers, diaries, ledgers, printed items, and photographs belonging to the family of Jeremiah Morton (1899-1878), his wife Jane Smith Morton, and his son-in-law Joseph Jackson \"J. J.\" Halsey (1820-1907) Halseys' wife, Mildred Halsey and their children and grandchildren with the family papers spanning from 1838 to 1951 in Culpeper, and Orange County, Virginia as well as the Halsey branch of the family from New Jersey, and Abraham Halsey (J.J.'s brother) in California.","The collection contains documents, ledgers, and correspondence that Jeremiah Morton and J. J. Halsey owned and sold enslaved persons. Jeremiah Morton was involved in the internal slave trade between Virginia and Mobile, Alabama (ca. 1847-1863) with accounts, descriptions, and values placed upon enslaved persons including itemized tax receipts  This book doubles as a notebook of legal questions with page references and sections headed \"The Rights of Things,\" \"Toller's Law of Executors,\" and \"Reeves Domestic Relations.\"","Content Note: The correspondence particularly from J. J. Halsey contain references or imagery involving racism. In addition to the numerous enslaved persons in this family, J. J. Halsey and other family members often slur African Americans in correspondence throughout the collection.The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","There is also an 1855 registration form for Andrew Johnson, \"a person of colour,\" indicating his status as \"born free in the County of Orange, Virginia,\" and identifying him by his color, stature and marks or scars upon his face, head or hands.","Topics include the Civil War with J. J. Halsey fighting for the Confederacy and his brother Edmund fighting for the Union Army, reconstruction, African Americans holding office and politics, alcohol addiction, mental illness, agriculture, economy, coal, mining, White Sulphur Springs, and the Southern Pacific Railroad. Brief mention of the Spanish American War, moonshine, domestic abuse, divorce, education, Virginia Female Institute, Virginia Military Institute, Princeton University, University of Virginia, and Charlottesville, Virginia.","There are Civil War accounts including the Stonewall Jackson Valley Campaign and the mention of many Generals such as Robert E. Lee,  [Richard Stoddart] Ewell,  William Tecumseh Sherman, and battles in Elk Run, Harrisonburg, New Market, Richmond, Mount Jackson and the surrender at Appomattox at Wilmer McLean's house. There are also two pages from the notebook of Mildred Halsey, which offer a day-by-day account of life while her husband is at war and Union forces occupy nearby areas. J. J. Halsey wrote that their house was between the \"cannon of both armies.\"","Most of the letters include typed transcriptions which explain relationships of the family members which start with Jeremiah Morton through to his great-grandchildren, Louisa \"Lou\" Halsey b.1880, Caroline Virginia Halsey Stearns b.1878, and Frank \"Buddie\" Halsey b. 1881, Fannie Dickenson (b. 1884), James \"Short\" Halsey b. 1889, and step-children Hattie, Willie, and Anne \"Mate,\" Helen Halsey, Jamie Alexander (engaged to \"Georgie\",) Celia Alexander b. 1886, and Mildred Alexander 1877-1890, and step-children and eight children of Robert Ogden Halsey and Ella Halsey.","There is a lengthy autobiographical account of the career of William \"Extra Billy\" Smith, written in 1873 when Smith was running for U. S. Senate. The account includes his election to public office as Virginia state senator (1836), governor (1845), and U. S. congressman (1853-1859), and describes some of his Civil War experiences.","The correspondence of J. J. Halsey also includes letters and maps concerning the Knights of the Golden Horseshoe, and correspondence and papers related to Dr. Bee Bartow Halsey's case with the newly formed state board of medical examiners, contesting their right to license physicians.","Related materials include essays and verse by J. J. Halsey, materials relating to the rebuilding of \"Lessland,\" Dr. Bee Bartow Halsey's examinations at Williston Seminary, Virginia, and papers concerning tuition for Irena Louisa Halsey at Piedmont Female Institute.","Series 4: The ledger series of the collection consists of eighteen volumes from 1812-1882 including Jeremiah Morton's account book regarding the sales of enslaved persons, Dr. R. Brigs ledgers dated 1812-1819, contain medical procedures like pulling a tooth. Other ledgers are from residents of Madison, Orange, and Culpeper counties. Some are in the hand of J. J. Halsey, while other volumes bear the names of Charles B. Porter, John A. Porter, B. W. Brown, and Nalle, Fishback and Company.","Selected list of correspondents: Jeremiah Morton: John B. Barbour, Jr., Robert Bolling, W. B. Caldwell, Allen T. Caperton, Reverend John Cole, R. H. Dulany, Frederick Gamble, Jedediah Hotchkiss, G. W. Leyburn, R. H. Maury, William Maury, A. M. Phillips, Riggs and Company, B. T. Sage, Slaughter, Franklin and Company, Alexander H. Stephens, George Terrill and B. R. Wellford. Joseph J. Halsey: John H. Antrim, J. L. Archer, Robert Bolling, W. C. Conrad, Peter V. Daniel, James Gaven Field, Dr. Jeptha Fowlker, A. J. Gordon, Colonel W. W. Gordon, Andrew Grinnan, Cornelia Grinnan, Ella Grinnan, M. G. Harman, General Eppa Hunton, General John D. Imboden, H. C. Marchant, Norton Marye, R. H. Maury, William Maury, B. T. Nalle, Phillip Nalle, Samuel H. Newbury, R.V. Richardson, William C. Rives, John Robertson, Taylor Scott, Francis H. Smith, John K. Taliaferro, Jacquelin P. Taylor, Tazewell Taylor, George Terrill, John Timberlake, C. S. Todd, Charles Wagner, Thomas P. Wallace, George Wederburn, and John Woolfolk.","There are also Morton's or Halsey's personal records, including their accounts with area merchants and residents of Madison, Culpeper or Orange counties, Virginia, whose affairs were handled by J. J. Halsey. as a lawyer. Individuals and firms listed are: William C. Austin, Beechwood and Mallory, John Blackwell and Hannah Blackwell, Charles G. Britt and James Beckham, Bushrod Brown, Thomas Brown, Thomas, Frances Bunley and Susie Bunley, M. A. Carter, John Clark, James Clark and Reuben Clark, William D. Clark, Timothy Costello, J. W. Crittenden, Sarah A. Daniel, William P. Eliason, Adam Everheart, John Gaurd, John Glaspell and Mary Glaspell, Gray Family, Thomas I. Green, R. W. Hall, James Hansbrough, Jane Hansbrough and Peter Hansbrough, Eppa Hunton, Parchal Hutchenson, Philip Johnson, James Jones, Thomas A. Keith, George Morton, Thomas Morton, Martin Nalle and Philip Nalle, Lewis Nelson, George Pannill, Charles B. Payne, W. S. Peyton, Colonel John A. Porter, John C. Rayland, William Rixey, Reverend W. F. Robins, J. W. Shadrack and John H. Somerville, Samuel Shadrack, George A. Sleet, Daniel W. Smith, James Somerville, E. W. Stearns, Steeles Tavern, Augusta County, Virginia, James L. Stringfellow, John Terrill, C. R. Van Wyck and L. D. Winston, John Vaughan, C. S. Waugh and N. B. Waugh, [John] Thomas Morton Wharton, Wharton and Nalle, William Wharton, Colonel Bruce Williams, Walter C. Winston, Winston family, and Isaac Willis.","The collection also contains a land grant from Patrick Henry, as Governor of Virginia, to Uriel Mallory as assignee of William Morton, 1782 November 8 (in the existing collection)","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Morton-Halsey family papers, 1833/1951"],"collection_ssim":["Morton-Halsey family papers, 1833/1951"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 3995","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1581"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 3995","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1581"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from Mildred E. Towe Tyner to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 24 June 2021."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["22.4 Cubic Feet Two cubic boxes and one letter size document box added to 39 document boxes."],"extent_tesim":["22.4 Cubic Feet Two cubic boxes and one letter size document box added to 39 document boxes."],"date_range_isim":[1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nJoseph Jackson Halsey (1820-1907) was born in New York to Samuel Beach Halsey (1796-1871) and Sarah Dubois Jackson (1803-1859) -no relation to Stonewall Jackson found- and raised in Morristown, New Jersey. He was educated at the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University)and accepted a teaching position in Fredericksburg, Virginia at the Classical and Scientific Athenaeum in 1842. While there he met and married Mildred \"Milly\"Morton (1825-1906?) in 1846, daughter of Jeremiah Morton (1799-1872) and Mary Eleanor \"Jane\" Smith Morton (1801-1876) from Morton Hall (\"The Hall\" near \"Lessland\") an estate in Racoon Ford, Orange County, Virginia. He was admitted into the bar in 1847 and moved to the Morton plantation to farm and practice law in Culpeper County, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe became an increasingly close friend and business associate of his father-in-law Jeremiah Morton. Halsey served as a captain in the 6th Virginia Calvalry Regiment during the Civil War. In 1863, in response to a charge that he had been away without leave, Halsey wrote an account of his wartime activities until that time: a cycle of activity, failing health, leave, recovery, and return. After the war, Halsey was a shareholder of the Orange, Alexandria and Manassas Railroad, owned a saw mill operation and mining operations, and was an Emigrant Aid and Homestead Company agent for the sale of large tracts of Virginia land. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA large landowner and important political figure in the region, Jeremiah Morton lived at his nearby plantation \"The Hall\" (locally known as Morton Hall). . . According to family tradition, Morton christened the 441-acre tract Lessland because it contained 'less land' than his other properties Moreland and Stillmore.\"Lessland\" was damaged by fire in 1870 and was rebuilt in 1871 by J. J. Halsey who had purchased the land from his father-in-law in 1854. Halsey died at \"Lessland\" in 1907.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJ. J. Halsey and Jeremiah Morton were strong supporters of the South and its institution of Enslavery. Halsey's correspondence with his brother Edmund Halsey and Samuel Halsey showed their different views of the North and South on subjects such as slavery, abolitionism, secession, the elections of Presidents Buchanan and Lincoln, the Missouri Compromise, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, reconstruction, and the impeachment of Andrew Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Morton-Halsey family had many enslaved persons who are mentioned by first names, Douglass, Edmonia \"Monie,\" Jerdome, Lucas, Melinda, Judy, Linda, and George to name a few. There is an account in the correspondence that Joseph Morton \"Mort\" Halsey had an encounter with \"Lummie\" (Columbia Conway who was employed by the family) and she became pregnant with his child and took him to court. J. J. Halsey often writes negative accounts of African Americans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJeremiah Morton was born in Fredericksburg, Spotsylvania County, Virginia, on September 3, 1799. He was the son of Jeremiah Morton and Mildred Garnett Jackson. He was left without parents at a very young age. It is likely he was raised by his paternal grandmother, Jane Morton. He attended a private school and Washington College (now Washington and Lee University), in Lexington, Virginia from 1814 thru 1815. He graduated from the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia in 1819, studied law, and was admitted to the bar. He practiced at Raccoon Ford, Virginia until sickness (probably from his earlier engagement in the war) ended his legal career. He then engaged in agricultural and political pursuits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe was elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress and served from March 4, 1849 until March 3, 1851. He was unsuccessful for reelection to the Thirty-second Congress and resumed agricultural pursuits. He was a member of the State secession convention in 1861 and was appointed as a colonel in the cavalry by Virginia Governor John Letcher. He attempted to amass food during the shortages of 1864. He was appointed trustee of the Theological Seminary of Virginia at Alexandria. He died at Lessland in Orange County, Virginia on November 28, 1878 and was buried in a private cemetery at his old home Morton Hall. He may have suffered later in life from failed ventures including the purchase of Sulpur White Springs. Several family members throughout his line struggled with mental illness and the ailment alcoholism.Family and business fortunes plummeted following the Confederate defeat. He wrote about it to his brother, Senator Jackson Morton of Milton, Florida; and Jackson's son, W. Chase Morton; and with Henry Ahrens, a Florida businessman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJ. J. Halsey and Milly Halsey were the parents of Fannie Morton Halsey Dickenson (1848-1936) who married James Cooper Dickenson, Annie (Nannie) Augusta Halsey Alexander (1850-1917) who married James Porter Alexander, Jeremiah Morton \"Mort\" Halsey (1852-1921) who married Irena Louisa Stearns (1854-1886), Robert Ogden Halsey (1854-1939) who married Ella Halsey, and Dr. Bee Bartow Halsey (1862-1918 born Thomas Jackson Halsey) who married Delia Halsey. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIrena \"Rena\"Louisa Stearns died after childbirth in 1886. Mort Halsey suffered from severe alcoholism and was often absent as a single parent, while he was either uanble to stop drinking or at a hospital for treatment. He and Rena had three children, Caroline \"Virginia\" Halsey [Wilkinson] b. 1878 who was committed to Western State in Staunton, Virginia in 1900, Irena Louisa \"Lou\" Halsey b.1880 who attended Virginia Female Institute and seemed central in keeping her family together even though they were often sent in different directions, as they were raised by their grandparents, guardians and nurses, and Franklin Stearns \"Buddie\" Halsey b. 1881 who was very close with his sister Lou and married his first cousin Fannie Dickenson. Lou Halsey married Charles Palmer Stearns, (her first cousin).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFannie Morton Halsey Dickenson and James Cooper Dickenson were the parents of Fannie Dickenson (b. 1884) married Franklin Stearns \"Buddie\" Halsey, James \"Short\" Halsey b. 1889, and step-children Hattie, Willie, and Anne \"Mate.\" \"Buddie\" struggled with alcohol, and Fannie Dickenson Halsey divorced him. (mention of domestic abuse also).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnie Alexander and James Porter Alexander were the parents of Jamie Alexander who was engaged to [Georgie], Celia Alexander b. 1886, and Mildred Alexander (1877-1890).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRobert Ogden Halsey and his wife Ella were the parents of eight children including Nellie, Joe, Susan, Edmund, Morton, and Janie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Bee Bartow Halsey (1862-1918) and his wife Delia were the parents of Helen Halsey and they lived in Prescott, Arizona. Dr. Halsey may have struggled with alcoholism later in life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso mentioned are the siblings of J. J. Halsey, his brother Abraham Halsey (1831-1900) who made his fortune in California, Ann Eliza Halsey (1827-1868), Susan Electa Halsey (1829-1899), Stephen Halsey, Samuel S. Halsey (1835-1889), Cornelia Van Wyck Halsey (1838-1915), and Edmund Drake Halsey (1840-1896)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph Jackson Halsey (1820-1907) was born in New York to Samuel Beach Halsey (1796-1871) and Sarah Dubois Jackson (1803-1859) -no relation to Stonewall Jackson found- and raised in Morristown, New Jersey. He was educated at the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University)and accepted a teaching position in Fredericksburg, Virginia at the Classical and Scientific Athenaeum in 1842. While there he met and married Mildred \"Milly\"Morton (1825-1906?) in 1846, daughter of Jeremiah Morton (1799-1872) and Mary Eleanor \"Jane\" Smith Morton (1801-1876) from Morton Hall (\"The Hall\" near \"Lessland\") an estate in Racoon Ford, Orange County, Virginia. He was admitted into the bar in 1847 and moved to the Morton plantation to farm and practice law in Culpeper County, Virginia.","He became an increasingly close friend and business associate of his father-in-law Jeremiah Morton. Halsey served as a captain in the 6th Virginia Calvalry Regiment during the Civil War. In 1863, in response to a charge that he had been away without leave, Halsey wrote an account of his wartime activities until that time: a cycle of activity, failing health, leave, recovery, and return. After the war, Halsey was a shareholder of the Orange, Alexandria and Manassas Railroad, owned a saw mill operation and mining operations, and was an Emigrant Aid and Homestead Company agent for the sale of large tracts of Virginia land.","A large landowner and important political figure in the region, Jeremiah Morton lived at his nearby plantation \"The Hall\" (locally known as Morton Hall). . . According to family tradition, Morton christened the 441-acre tract Lessland because it contained 'less land' than his other properties Moreland and Stillmore.\"Lessland\" was damaged by fire in 1870 and was rebuilt in 1871 by J. J. Halsey who had purchased the land from his father-in-law in 1854. Halsey died at \"Lessland\" in 1907.","J. J. Halsey and Jeremiah Morton were strong supporters of the South and its institution of Enslavery. Halsey's correspondence with his brother Edmund Halsey and Samuel Halsey showed their different views of the North and South on subjects such as slavery, abolitionism, secession, the elections of Presidents Buchanan and Lincoln, the Missouri Compromise, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, reconstruction, and the impeachment of Andrew Johnson.","The Morton-Halsey family had many enslaved persons who are mentioned by first names, Douglass, Edmonia \"Monie,\" Jerdome, Lucas, Melinda, Judy, Linda, and George to name a few. There is an account in the correspondence that Joseph Morton \"Mort\" Halsey had an encounter with \"Lummie\" (Columbia Conway who was employed by the family) and she became pregnant with his child and took him to court. J. J. Halsey often writes negative accounts of African Americans.","Jeremiah Morton was born in Fredericksburg, Spotsylvania County, Virginia, on September 3, 1799. He was the son of Jeremiah Morton and Mildred Garnett Jackson. He was left without parents at a very young age. It is likely he was raised by his paternal grandmother, Jane Morton. He attended a private school and Washington College (now Washington and Lee University), in Lexington, Virginia from 1814 thru 1815. He graduated from the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia in 1819, studied law, and was admitted to the bar. He practiced at Raccoon Ford, Virginia until sickness (probably from his earlier engagement in the war) ended his legal career. He then engaged in agricultural and political pursuits.","He was elected as a Whig to the Thirty-first Congress and served from March 4, 1849 until March 3, 1851. He was unsuccessful for reelection to the Thirty-second Congress and resumed agricultural pursuits. He was a member of the State secession convention in 1861 and was appointed as a colonel in the cavalry by Virginia Governor John Letcher. He attempted to amass food during the shortages of 1864. He was appointed trustee of the Theological Seminary of Virginia at Alexandria. He died at Lessland in Orange County, Virginia on November 28, 1878 and was buried in a private cemetery at his old home Morton Hall. He may have suffered later in life from failed ventures including the purchase of Sulpur White Springs. Several family members throughout his line struggled with mental illness and the ailment alcoholism.Family and business fortunes plummeted following the Confederate defeat. He wrote about it to his brother, Senator Jackson Morton of Milton, Florida; and Jackson's son, W. Chase Morton; and with Henry Ahrens, a Florida businessman.","J. J. Halsey and Milly Halsey were the parents of Fannie Morton Halsey Dickenson (1848-1936) who married James Cooper Dickenson, Annie (Nannie) Augusta Halsey Alexander (1850-1917) who married James Porter Alexander, Jeremiah Morton \"Mort\" Halsey (1852-1921) who married Irena Louisa Stearns (1854-1886), Robert Ogden Halsey (1854-1939) who married Ella Halsey, and Dr. Bee Bartow Halsey (1862-1918 born Thomas Jackson Halsey) who married Delia Halsey.","Irena \"Rena\"Louisa Stearns died after childbirth in 1886. Mort Halsey suffered from severe alcoholism and was often absent as a single parent, while he was either uanble to stop drinking or at a hospital for treatment. He and Rena had three children, Caroline \"Virginia\" Halsey [Wilkinson] b. 1878 who was committed to Western State in Staunton, Virginia in 1900, Irena Louisa \"Lou\" Halsey b.1880 who attended Virginia Female Institute and seemed central in keeping her family together even though they were often sent in different directions, as they were raised by their grandparents, guardians and nurses, and Franklin Stearns \"Buddie\" Halsey b. 1881 who was very close with his sister Lou and married his first cousin Fannie Dickenson. Lou Halsey married Charles Palmer Stearns, (her first cousin).","Fannie Morton Halsey Dickenson and James Cooper Dickenson were the parents of Fannie Dickenson (b. 1884) married Franklin Stearns \"Buddie\" Halsey, James \"Short\" Halsey b. 1889, and step-children Hattie, Willie, and Anne \"Mate.\" \"Buddie\" struggled with alcohol, and Fannie Dickenson Halsey divorced him. (mention of domestic abuse also).","Annie Alexander and James Porter Alexander were the parents of Jamie Alexander who was engaged to [Georgie], Celia Alexander b. 1886, and Mildred Alexander (1877-1890).","Robert Ogden Halsey and his wife Ella were the parents of eight children including Nellie, Joe, Susan, Edmund, Morton, and Janie.","Dr. Bee Bartow Halsey (1862-1918) and his wife Delia were the parents of Helen Halsey and they lived in Prescott, Arizona. Dr. Halsey may have struggled with alcoholism later in life.","Also mentioned are the siblings of J. J. Halsey, his brother Abraham Halsey (1831-1900) who made his fortune in California, Ann Eliza Halsey (1827-1868), Susan Electa Halsey (1829-1899), Stephen Halsey, Samuel S. Halsey (1835-1889), Cornelia Van Wyck Halsey (1838-1915), and Edmund Drake Halsey (1840-1896)"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent Note: The correspondence particularly from J. J. Halsey contain references or imagery involving racism. In addition to the numerous enslaved persons in this family, J. J. Halsey and other family members often slur African Americans in correspondence throughout the collection.The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Content Note: The correspondence particularly from J. J. Halsey contain references or imagery involving racism. In addition to the numerous enslaved persons in this family, J. J. Halsey and other family members often slur African Americans in correspondence throughout the collection.The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 3995, Morton/Halsey family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 3995, Morton/Halsey family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Morton and Halsey family papers and addition (MSS 3995) contain family letters and some business letters, financial and legal papers, diaries, ledgers, printed items, and photographs belonging to the family of Jeremiah Morton (1899-1878), his wife Jane Smith Morton, and his son-in-law Joseph Jackson \"J. J.\" Halsey (1820-1907) Halseys' wife, Mildred Halsey and their children and grandchildren with the family papers spanning from 1838 to 1951 in Culpeper, and Orange County, Virginia as well as the Halsey branch of the family from New Jersey, and Abraham Halsey (J.J.'s brother) in California. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe collection contains documents, ledgers, and correspondence that Jeremiah Morton and J. J. Halsey owned and sold enslaved persons. Jeremiah Morton was involved in the internal slave trade between Virginia and Mobile, Alabama (ca. 1847-1863) with accounts, descriptions, and values placed upon enslaved persons including itemized tax receipts  This book doubles as a notebook of legal questions with page references and sections headed \"The Rights of Things,\" \"Toller's Law of Executors,\" and \"Reeves Domestic Relations.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nContent Note: The correspondence particularly from J. J. Halsey contain references or imagery involving racism. In addition to the numerous enslaved persons in this family, J. J. Halsey and other family members often slur African Americans in correspondence throughout the collection.The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThere is also an 1855 registration form for Andrew Johnson, \"a person of colour,\" indicating his status as \"born free in the County of Orange, Virginia,\" and identifying him by his color, stature and marks or scars upon his face, head or hands. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nTopics include the Civil War with J. J. Halsey fighting for the Confederacy and his brother Edmund fighting for the Union Army, reconstruction, African Americans holding office and politics, alcohol addiction, mental illness, agriculture, economy, coal, mining, White Sulphur Springs, and the Southern Pacific Railroad. Brief mention of the Spanish American War, moonshine, domestic abuse, divorce, education, Virginia Female Institute, Virginia Military Institute, Princeton University, University of Virginia, and Charlottesville, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are Civil War accounts including the Stonewall Jackson Valley Campaign and the mention of many Generals such as Robert E. Lee,  [Richard Stoddart] Ewell,  William Tecumseh Sherman, and battles in Elk Run, Harrisonburg, New Market, Richmond, Mount Jackson and the surrender at Appomattox at Wilmer McLean's house. There are also two pages from the notebook of Mildred Halsey, which offer a day-by-day account of life while her husband is at war and Union forces occupy nearby areas. J. J. Halsey wrote that their house was between the \"cannon of both armies.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMost of the letters include typed transcriptions which explain relationships of the family members which start with Jeremiah Morton through to his great-grandchildren, Louisa \"Lou\" Halsey b.1880, Caroline Virginia Halsey Stearns b.1878, and Frank \"Buddie\" Halsey b. 1881, Fannie Dickenson (b. 1884), James \"Short\" Halsey b. 1889, and step-children Hattie, Willie, and Anne \"Mate,\" Helen Halsey, Jamie Alexander (engaged to \"Georgie\",) Celia Alexander b. 1886, and Mildred Alexander 1877-1890, and step-children and eight children of Robert Ogden Halsey and Ella Halsey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThere is a lengthy autobiographical account of the career of William \"Extra Billy\" Smith, written in 1873 when Smith was running for U. S. Senate. The account includes his election to public office as Virginia state senator (1836), governor (1845), and U. S. congressman (1853-1859), and describes some of his Civil War experiences. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence of J. J. Halsey also includes letters and maps concerning the Knights of the Golden Horseshoe, and correspondence and papers related to Dr. Bee Bartow Halsey's case with the newly formed state board of medical examiners, contesting their right to license physicians. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nRelated materials include essays and verse by J. J. Halsey, materials relating to the rebuilding of \"Lessland,\" Dr. Bee Bartow Halsey's examinations at Williston Seminary, Virginia, and papers concerning tuition for Irena Louisa Halsey at Piedmont Female Institute. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 4: The ledger series of the collection consists of eighteen volumes from 1812-1882 including Jeremiah Morton's account book regarding the sales of enslaved persons, Dr. R. Brigs ledgers dated 1812-1819, contain medical procedures like pulling a tooth. Other ledgers are from residents of Madison, Orange, and Culpeper counties. Some are in the hand of J. J. Halsey, while other volumes bear the names of Charles B. Porter, John A. Porter, B. W. Brown, and Nalle, Fishback and Company. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSelected list of correspondents: Jeremiah Morton: John B. Barbour, Jr., Robert Bolling, W. B. Caldwell, Allen T. Caperton, Reverend John Cole, R. H. Dulany, Frederick Gamble, Jedediah Hotchkiss, G. W. Leyburn, R. H. Maury, William Maury, A. M. Phillips, Riggs and Company, B. T. Sage, Slaughter, Franklin and Company, Alexander H. Stephens, George Terrill and B. R. Wellford. Joseph J. Halsey: John H. Antrim, J. L. Archer, Robert Bolling, W. C. Conrad, Peter V. Daniel, James Gaven Field, Dr. Jeptha Fowlker, A. J. Gordon, Colonel W. W. Gordon, Andrew Grinnan, Cornelia Grinnan, Ella Grinnan, M. G. Harman, General Eppa Hunton, General John D. Imboden, H. C. Marchant, Norton Marye, R. H. Maury, William Maury, B. T. Nalle, Phillip Nalle, Samuel H. Newbury, R.V. Richardson, William C. Rives, John Robertson, Taylor Scott, Francis H. Smith, John K. Taliaferro, Jacquelin P. Taylor, Tazewell Taylor, George Terrill, John Timberlake, C. S. Todd, Charles Wagner, Thomas P. Wallace, George Wederburn, and John Woolfolk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThere are also Morton's or Halsey's personal records, including their accounts with area merchants and residents of Madison, Culpeper or Orange counties, Virginia, whose affairs were handled by J. J. Halsey. as a lawyer. Individuals and firms listed are: William C. Austin, Beechwood and Mallory, John Blackwell and Hannah Blackwell, Charles G. Britt and James Beckham, Bushrod Brown, Thomas Brown, Thomas, Frances Bunley and Susie Bunley, M. A. Carter, John Clark, James Clark and Reuben Clark, William D. Clark, Timothy Costello, J. W. Crittenden, Sarah A. Daniel, William P. Eliason, Adam Everheart, John Gaurd, John Glaspell and Mary Glaspell, Gray Family, Thomas I. Green, R. W. Hall, James Hansbrough, Jane Hansbrough and Peter Hansbrough, Eppa Hunton, Parchal Hutchenson, Philip Johnson, James Jones, Thomas A. Keith, George Morton, Thomas Morton, Martin Nalle and Philip Nalle, Lewis Nelson, George Pannill, Charles B. Payne, W. S. Peyton, Colonel John A. Porter, John C. Rayland, William Rixey, Reverend W. F. Robins, J. W. Shadrack and John H. Somerville, Samuel Shadrack, George A. Sleet, Daniel W. Smith, James Somerville, E. W. Stearns, Steeles Tavern, Augusta County, Virginia, James L. Stringfellow, John Terrill, C. R. Van Wyck and L. D. Winston, John Vaughan, C. S. Waugh and N. B. Waugh, [John] Thomas Morton Wharton, Wharton and Nalle, William Wharton, Colonel Bruce Williams, Walter C. Winston, Winston family, and Isaac Willis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a land grant from Patrick Henry, as Governor of Virginia, to Uriel Mallory as assignee of William Morton, 1782 November 8 (in the existing collection)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Morton and Halsey family papers and addition (MSS 3995) contain family letters and some business letters, financial and legal papers, diaries, ledgers, printed items, and photographs belonging to the family of Jeremiah Morton (1899-1878), his wife Jane Smith Morton, and his son-in-law Joseph Jackson \"J. J.\" Halsey (1820-1907) Halseys' wife, Mildred Halsey and their children and grandchildren with the family papers spanning from 1838 to 1951 in Culpeper, and Orange County, Virginia as well as the Halsey branch of the family from New Jersey, and Abraham Halsey (J.J.'s brother) in California.","The collection contains documents, ledgers, and correspondence that Jeremiah Morton and J. J. Halsey owned and sold enslaved persons. Jeremiah Morton was involved in the internal slave trade between Virginia and Mobile, Alabama (ca. 1847-1863) with accounts, descriptions, and values placed upon enslaved persons including itemized tax receipts  This book doubles as a notebook of legal questions with page references and sections headed \"The Rights of Things,\" \"Toller's Law of Executors,\" and \"Reeves Domestic Relations.\"","Content Note: The correspondence particularly from J. J. Halsey contain references or imagery involving racism. In addition to the numerous enslaved persons in this family, J. J. Halsey and other family members often slur African Americans in correspondence throughout the collection.The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","There is also an 1855 registration form for Andrew Johnson, \"a person of colour,\" indicating his status as \"born free in the County of Orange, Virginia,\" and identifying him by his color, stature and marks or scars upon his face, head or hands.","Topics include the Civil War with J. J. Halsey fighting for the Confederacy and his brother Edmund fighting for the Union Army, reconstruction, African Americans holding office and politics, alcohol addiction, mental illness, agriculture, economy, coal, mining, White Sulphur Springs, and the Southern Pacific Railroad. Brief mention of the Spanish American War, moonshine, domestic abuse, divorce, education, Virginia Female Institute, Virginia Military Institute, Princeton University, University of Virginia, and Charlottesville, Virginia.","There are Civil War accounts including the Stonewall Jackson Valley Campaign and the mention of many Generals such as Robert E. Lee,  [Richard Stoddart] Ewell,  William Tecumseh Sherman, and battles in Elk Run, Harrisonburg, New Market, Richmond, Mount Jackson and the surrender at Appomattox at Wilmer McLean's house. There are also two pages from the notebook of Mildred Halsey, which offer a day-by-day account of life while her husband is at war and Union forces occupy nearby areas. J. J. Halsey wrote that their house was between the \"cannon of both armies.\"","Most of the letters include typed transcriptions which explain relationships of the family members which start with Jeremiah Morton through to his great-grandchildren, Louisa \"Lou\" Halsey b.1880, Caroline Virginia Halsey Stearns b.1878, and Frank \"Buddie\" Halsey b. 1881, Fannie Dickenson (b. 1884), James \"Short\" Halsey b. 1889, and step-children Hattie, Willie, and Anne \"Mate,\" Helen Halsey, Jamie Alexander (engaged to \"Georgie\",) Celia Alexander b. 1886, and Mildred Alexander 1877-1890, and step-children and eight children of Robert Ogden Halsey and Ella Halsey.","There is a lengthy autobiographical account of the career of William \"Extra Billy\" Smith, written in 1873 when Smith was running for U. S. Senate. The account includes his election to public office as Virginia state senator (1836), governor (1845), and U. S. congressman (1853-1859), and describes some of his Civil War experiences.","The correspondence of J. J. Halsey also includes letters and maps concerning the Knights of the Golden Horseshoe, and correspondence and papers related to Dr. Bee Bartow Halsey's case with the newly formed state board of medical examiners, contesting their right to license physicians.","Related materials include essays and verse by J. J. Halsey, materials relating to the rebuilding of \"Lessland,\" Dr. Bee Bartow Halsey's examinations at Williston Seminary, Virginia, and papers concerning tuition for Irena Louisa Halsey at Piedmont Female Institute.","Series 4: The ledger series of the collection consists of eighteen volumes from 1812-1882 including Jeremiah Morton's account book regarding the sales of enslaved persons, Dr. R. Brigs ledgers dated 1812-1819, contain medical procedures like pulling a tooth. Other ledgers are from residents of Madison, Orange, and Culpeper counties. Some are in the hand of J. J. Halsey, while other volumes bear the names of Charles B. Porter, John A. Porter, B. W. Brown, and Nalle, Fishback and Company.","Selected list of correspondents: Jeremiah Morton: John B. Barbour, Jr., Robert Bolling, W. B. Caldwell, Allen T. Caperton, Reverend John Cole, R. H. Dulany, Frederick Gamble, Jedediah Hotchkiss, G. W. Leyburn, R. H. Maury, William Maury, A. M. Phillips, Riggs and Company, B. T. Sage, Slaughter, Franklin and Company, Alexander H. Stephens, George Terrill and B. R. Wellford. Joseph J. Halsey: John H. Antrim, J. L. Archer, Robert Bolling, W. C. Conrad, Peter V. Daniel, James Gaven Field, Dr. Jeptha Fowlker, A. J. Gordon, Colonel W. W. Gordon, Andrew Grinnan, Cornelia Grinnan, Ella Grinnan, M. G. Harman, General Eppa Hunton, General John D. Imboden, H. C. Marchant, Norton Marye, R. H. Maury, William Maury, B. T. Nalle, Phillip Nalle, Samuel H. Newbury, R.V. Richardson, William C. Rives, John Robertson, Taylor Scott, Francis H. Smith, John K. Taliaferro, Jacquelin P. Taylor, Tazewell Taylor, George Terrill, John Timberlake, C. S. Todd, Charles Wagner, Thomas P. Wallace, George Wederburn, and John Woolfolk.","There are also Morton's or Halsey's personal records, including their accounts with area merchants and residents of Madison, Culpeper or Orange counties, Virginia, whose affairs were handled by J. J. Halsey. as a lawyer. Individuals and firms listed are: William C. Austin, Beechwood and Mallory, John Blackwell and Hannah Blackwell, Charles G. Britt and James Beckham, Bushrod Brown, Thomas Brown, Thomas, Frances Bunley and Susie Bunley, M. A. Carter, John Clark, James Clark and Reuben Clark, William D. Clark, Timothy Costello, J. W. Crittenden, Sarah A. Daniel, William P. Eliason, Adam Everheart, John Gaurd, John Glaspell and Mary Glaspell, Gray Family, Thomas I. Green, R. W. Hall, James Hansbrough, Jane Hansbrough and Peter Hansbrough, Eppa Hunton, Parchal Hutchenson, Philip Johnson, James Jones, Thomas A. Keith, George Morton, Thomas Morton, Martin Nalle and Philip Nalle, Lewis Nelson, George Pannill, Charles B. Payne, W. S. Peyton, Colonel John A. Porter, John C. Rayland, William Rixey, Reverend W. F. Robins, J. W. Shadrack and John H. Somerville, Samuel Shadrack, George A. Sleet, Daniel W. Smith, James Somerville, E. W. Stearns, Steeles Tavern, Augusta County, Virginia, James L. Stringfellow, John Terrill, C. R. Van Wyck and L. D. Winston, John Vaughan, C. S. Waugh and N. B. Waugh, [John] Thomas Morton Wharton, Wharton and Nalle, William Wharton, Colonel Bruce Williams, Walter C. Winston, Winston family, and Isaac Willis.","The collection also contains a land grant from Patrick Henry, as Governor of Virginia, to Uriel Mallory as assignee of William Morton, 1782 November 8 (in the existing collection)"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":239,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:38.700Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1581_c01_c01"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept.","value":"University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept.","hits":16},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1847\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Virginia%2C+Special+Collections+Dept."}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1847\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Virginia%2C+Special+Collections+Dept."}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Blair family papers, 1821/1949","value":"Blair family papers, 1821/1949","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Blair+family+papers%2C+1821%2F1949\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1847\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Virginia%2C+Special+Collections+Dept."}},{"attributes":{"label":"Correspondence Files of Special Collections, University of Virginia Library \n \n 1931-1990s","value":"Correspondence Files of Special Collections, University of Virginia Library \n \n 1931-1990s","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Correspondence+Files+of+Special+Collections%2C+University+of+Virginia+Library+%0A+%0A+1931-1990s\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1847\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Virginia%2C+Special+Collections+Dept."}},{"attributes":{"label":"Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959","value":"Duke family law firm papers, 1820/1959","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Duke+family+law+firm+papers%2C+1820%2F1959\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1847\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Virginia%2C+Special+Collections+Dept."}},{"attributes":{"label":"John L. 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