{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1822\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=26","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1822\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=25","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1822\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=27","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1822\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=590"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":26,"next_page":27,"prev_page":25,"total_pages":590,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":250,"total_count":5897,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_92","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Alexander Haight family collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_92#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Haight, Alexander Levi, 1891-1981","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_92#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Alexander Haight family collection contains correspondence, legal and financial documents, account ledgers, photographs, and other materials created and collected by members of the Haight family of Fairfax County, Virginia, including during their time living and working on Sully Plantation, during and after the Civil War, and into the mid-20th century, including during World War I.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_92#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_92","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_92","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_92","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_92","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_92.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Alexander Haight family collection","title_ssm":["Alexander Haight family collection"],"title_tesim":["Alexander Haight family collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1764-1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1764-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0159","/repositories/2/resources/92"],"text":["C0159","/repositories/2/resources/92","Alexander Haight family collection","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Sully Plantation","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern -- History","Fairfax County (Va.)","Fairfax County (Va.) -- History","Confederate States of America","Daguerreotype","Photography -- Negatives","World War, 1914-1918","Paper money","Account books","Photographic prints","Reproductions","Tintypes","Correspondence","Photographs","Newspapers","There are no access restrictions.","Digitized selections from this collection appear in the   Sesquicentennial Civil War Documents Project   hosted on Mason Archival Repository Service (MARS).","The collection is arranged into three series.","Series Series 1: Correspondence Series 2: Legal and financial documents Series 3: Photographs and ephemera","Fairfax County: Park Authority. n.d. \"Sully Historic Site History.\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/sully-historic-site/site-history.","Find a Grave. n.d.-a. \"Alexander Haight (1822-1880).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313800/alexander-haight.","Find a Grave. n.d.-b. \"Alexander Levi Haight (1891-1981).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313806/alexander_levi-haight.","Find a Grave. n.d.-c. \"Emma Jane Young Haight (1858-1939).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313803/emma_jane-haight.","Find a Grave. n.d.-d. \"Henry Clement Haight (1859-1936).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313802/henry_clement-haight.","Wikipedia . 2025. \"Sully Historic Site.\" July 20. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sully_Historic_Site\u0026oldid=1301635745#Chain_of_ownership.","Alexander Haight was born on February 8, 1822 in Dutchess County, New York to Quaker farmers Jacob (1782-1862) and Amy Clement Haight (1787-1863). In 1842, Jacob and Amy purchased the property known as Sully Plantation in Chantilly, Virginia, which was built by Richard Bland Lee between 1787-1794, and soon after invited Alexander to leave New York and help with the running of the property in Virginia. After moving to Sully, Alexander married Pheobe (also spelled \"Phebe\") Sweet (1824-1898) in 1845 and finished construction of their new home, known as \"Little Sully,\" in 1851. The couple would go on to have four children. Eldest daughter Margaret Amy (also known as Maggie) was born in 1848 and married Thomas W. Lee in 1873, Stephen Sweet was born in 1857 and married Henrietta Lucas in 1891, Henry Clement was born in 1859, and youngest George Alexander was born in 1867.","Despite belonging to the Quaker faith (also known as The Religious Society of Friends), whose members actively fought for abolition, records indicate that the Haight family used enslaved labor during their time at Sully. Ownership of the property remained in the Haight family, although transferring formally to Alexander's sister Maria and her husband James Barlow in 1852, and remained so throughout the Civil War, during which both Union and Confederate soldiers crossed the property. In 1869, the family sold Sully to Stephen Shear, but most members of Alexander and Phoebe's branch of the Haight family remained in and around Fairfax County.","In 1886, Jacob and Amy's son Henry Clement married Emma Jane Young, daughter of Union Soldier John M. Young (1831-1865), and the couple would go on to have four children of their own: Helen Hill (1887-1977), Elizabeth Barlow [later Hamill] (1889-1974), Mary [later Millan] (1890–1964), and Alexander Levi (1891-1981).","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2022.","Collection reprocessed by Meghan Glasbrenner from February-October 2025. Finding aid updated by Meghan Glasbrenner from October-November 2025.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections related to the history of  Fairfax County  and  Northern Virginia , such as the  Randolph H. Lytton historical Virginia collection .","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections related to the  Civil War , such as the  William Darke Briscoe Civil War diaries collection , and  World War I , including the  Diary of World War I Red Cross Canteen worker Florence Bishop .","The Alexander Haight family collection contains correspondence, legal and financial documents, account ledgers, photographs, and other materials created and collected by members of the Haight family of Fairfax County, Virginia, including during their time living and working on Sully Plantation, during and after the Civil War, and into the mid-20th century, including during World War I. The collection contains 3 series.","Series 1: Correspondence (1838-1920) includes sent and received personal and professional correspondence, including letters, cards, and postcards. The bulk of the correspondence represents personal communications between members of the Haight family, both with each other and with family friends, including a number of letters sent by Helen Hill Haight during her time volunteering with the American Red Cross during World War I. Additional correspondence includes communications concerning business matters, such as correspondence to and from legal representatives, and a mix of original and reproduction copy letters sent by Union soldier John M. Young during the Civil War. This series is arranged alphabetically by non-Haight correspondent last name. In cases where a member of the Haight family sent a letter to another Haight, and both are already represented elsewhere in the series, letters are arranged alphabetically by the name of the recipient.","Series 2: Legal and financial documents (circa 1764-1948) includes personal and professional legal and financial records, most connected to members of the Haight family, including account ledgers, bank, registered letter, and tax receipts, formal and informal contracts and agreements, and other legal documents created by organizations within Fairfax County. Additional documents include Union Army passes issued to Alexander Haight during the Civil War, Alexander Levi Haight's Fairfax County draft classification card issued during World War I, a New York court summons for Stephen Sweet Haight, a California gold dig payment issued to George Sweet (brother of Phoebe Haight), currency notes, including Confederate paper money, and military orders issued during the Civil War. This series is arranged alphabetically either by last name of the subject or creator of the document or by title of the document.","Series 3: Photographs and ephemera (circa 1850s-1976) includes photographs, personal records, mementoes, and general ephemera created or collected by members of the Haight family. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Photographs (circa 1850s-1960s) includes original and reproduction photographic prints, including daguerreotypes and tintypes, with subjects including Sully Plantation, formal and informal portraits of members of the Haight family, Alexander Haight's prize horse, a portrait of a girl enslaved on Sully Plantation identified as Clio, and various locations and individuals in and around Fairfax County. Items are arranged chronologically by year of creation. Sub-series 2: Records and ephemera (circa 1862-1976) includes personal records and mementoes including programs, booklets, newspapers and clippings, poems, manuscripts, postcards, scrapbooks, and general ephemera items. Items are arranged chronologically by year of creation and grouped by material type or function.","All materials created up to 1928 are in the public domain.","The following statement applies to materials created from 1929 onward: The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The Alexander Haight family collection contains correspondence, legal and financial documents, account ledgers, photographs, and other materials created and collected by members of the Haight family of Fairfax County, Virginia, including during their time living and working on Sully Plantation, during and after the Civil War, and into the mid-20th century, including during World War I.","R 42, C 3, S 1-2\n\nR 42, C 4, S 1\n\nMap Case 27.2","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Haight, Alexander Levi, 1891-1981","Haight, Alexander, 1822-1880","Haight, Elizabeth Barlow, 1889-1974","Haight, Emma Jane, 1858-1939","Haight, George Alexander, 1867-1920","Haight, Helen Hill, 1887-1977","Haight, Henry Clement, 1859-1936","Haight, Phoebe, 1824-1898","Haight, Stephen Sweet","Sweet, George, 1821-1898","Young, John M., 1832-1864","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0159","/repositories/2/resources/92"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexander Haight family collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexander Haight family collection"],"collection_ssim":["Alexander Haight family collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Sully Plantation","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern -- History","Fairfax County (Va.)","Fairfax County (Va.) -- History","Confederate States of America"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Sully Plantation","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern -- History","Fairfax County (Va.)","Fairfax County (Va.) -- History","Confederate States of America"],"creator_ssm":["Haight, Alexander Levi, 1891-1981"],"creator_ssim":["Haight, Alexander Levi, 1891-1981"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Haight, Alexander Levi, 1891-1981"],"creators_ssim":["Haight, Alexander Levi, 1891-1981"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Sully Plantation","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern -- History","Fairfax County (Va.)","Fairfax County (Va.) -- History","Confederate States of America"],"access_terms_ssm":["All materials created up to 1928 are in the public domain.","The following statement applies to materials created from 1929 onward: The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Alexander Levi Haight in 1978."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Daguerreotype","Photography -- Negatives","World War, 1914-1918","Paper money","Account books","Photographic prints","Reproductions","Tintypes","Correspondence","Photographs","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Daguerreotype","Photography -- Negatives","World War, 1914-1918","Paper money","Account books","Photographic prints","Reproductions","Tintypes","Correspondence","Photographs","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7 Linear Feet 7 boxes, 1 map case"],"extent_tesim":["7 Linear Feet 7 boxes, 1 map case"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographic prints","Reproductions","Tintypes","Correspondence","Photographs","Newspapers"],"date_range_isim":[1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigitized selections from this collection appear in the \u003ca href=\"http://mars.gmu.edu/handle/1920/6210\"\u003e Sesquicentennial Civil War Documents Project \u003c/a\u003e hosted on Mason Archival Repository Service (MARS).\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digitized selections from this collection appear in the   Sesquicentennial Civil War Documents Project   hosted on Mason Archival Repository Service (MARS)."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Legal and financial documents\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Photographs and ephemera\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series.","Series Series 1: Correspondence Series 2: Legal and financial documents Series 3: Photographs and ephemera"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFairfax County: Park Authority. n.d. \"Sully Historic Site History.\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/sully-historic-site/site-history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFind a Grave. n.d.-a. \"Alexander Haight (1822-1880).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313800/alexander-haight.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFind a Grave. n.d.-b. \"Alexander Levi Haight (1891-1981).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313806/alexander_levi-haight.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFind a Grave. n.d.-c. \"Emma Jane Young Haight (1858-1939).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313803/emma_jane-haight.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFind a Grave. n.d.-d. \"Henry Clement Haight (1859-1936).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313802/henry_clement-haight.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Sully Historic Site.\" July 20. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sully_Historic_Site\u0026amp;oldid=1301635745#Chain_of_ownership.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Fairfax County: Park Authority. n.d. \"Sully Historic Site History.\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/sully-historic-site/site-history.","Find a Grave. n.d.-a. \"Alexander Haight (1822-1880).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313800/alexander-haight.","Find a Grave. n.d.-b. \"Alexander Levi Haight (1891-1981).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313806/alexander_levi-haight.","Find a Grave. n.d.-c. \"Emma Jane Young Haight (1858-1939).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313803/emma_jane-haight.","Find a Grave. n.d.-d. \"Henry Clement Haight (1859-1936).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313802/henry_clement-haight.","Wikipedia . 2025. \"Sully Historic Site.\" July 20. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sully_Historic_Site\u0026oldid=1301635745#Chain_of_ownership."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexander Haight was born on February 8, 1822 in Dutchess County, New York to Quaker farmers Jacob (1782-1862) and Amy Clement Haight (1787-1863). In 1842, Jacob and Amy purchased the property known as Sully Plantation in Chantilly, Virginia, which was built by Richard Bland Lee between 1787-1794, and soon after invited Alexander to leave New York and help with the running of the property in Virginia. After moving to Sully, Alexander married Pheobe (also spelled \"Phebe\") Sweet (1824-1898) in 1845 and finished construction of their new home, known as \"Little Sully,\" in 1851. The couple would go on to have four children. Eldest daughter Margaret Amy (also known as Maggie) was born in 1848 and married Thomas W. Lee in 1873, Stephen Sweet was born in 1857 and married Henrietta Lucas in 1891, Henry Clement was born in 1859, and youngest George Alexander was born in 1867.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDespite belonging to the Quaker faith (also known as The Religious Society of Friends), whose members actively fought for abolition, records indicate that the Haight family used enslaved labor during their time at Sully. Ownership of the property remained in the Haight family, although transferring formally to Alexander's sister Maria and her husband James Barlow in 1852, and remained so throughout the Civil War, during which both Union and Confederate soldiers crossed the property. In 1869, the family sold Sully to Stephen Shear, but most members of Alexander and Phoebe's branch of the Haight family remained in and around Fairfax County.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1886, Jacob and Amy's son Henry Clement married Emma Jane Young, daughter of Union Soldier John M. Young (1831-1865), and the couple would go on to have four children of their own: Helen Hill (1887-1977), Elizabeth Barlow [later Hamill] (1889-1974), Mary [later Millan] (1890–1964), and Alexander Levi (1891-1981).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Alexander Haight was born on February 8, 1822 in Dutchess County, New York to Quaker farmers Jacob (1782-1862) and Amy Clement Haight (1787-1863). In 1842, Jacob and Amy purchased the property known as Sully Plantation in Chantilly, Virginia, which was built by Richard Bland Lee between 1787-1794, and soon after invited Alexander to leave New York and help with the running of the property in Virginia. After moving to Sully, Alexander married Pheobe (also spelled \"Phebe\") Sweet (1824-1898) in 1845 and finished construction of their new home, known as \"Little Sully,\" in 1851. The couple would go on to have four children. Eldest daughter Margaret Amy (also known as Maggie) was born in 1848 and married Thomas W. Lee in 1873, Stephen Sweet was born in 1857 and married Henrietta Lucas in 1891, Henry Clement was born in 1859, and youngest George Alexander was born in 1867.","Despite belonging to the Quaker faith (also known as The Religious Society of Friends), whose members actively fought for abolition, records indicate that the Haight family used enslaved labor during their time at Sully. Ownership of the property remained in the Haight family, although transferring formally to Alexander's sister Maria and her husband James Barlow in 1852, and remained so throughout the Civil War, during which both Union and Confederate soldiers crossed the property. In 1869, the family sold Sully to Stephen Shear, but most members of Alexander and Phoebe's branch of the Haight family remained in and around Fairfax County.","In 1886, Jacob and Amy's son Henry Clement married Emma Jane Young, daughter of Union Soldier John M. Young (1831-1865), and the couple would go on to have four children of their own: Helen Hill (1887-1977), Elizabeth Barlow [later Hamill] (1889-1974), Mary [later Millan] (1890–1964), and Alexander Levi (1891-1981)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexander Haight family collection, C0159, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Alexander Haight family collection, C0159, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2022.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCollection reprocessed by Meghan Glasbrenner from February-October 2025. Finding aid updated by Meghan Glasbrenner from October-November 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2022.","Collection reprocessed by Meghan Glasbrenner from February-October 2025. Finding aid updated by Meghan Glasbrenner from October-November 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other collections related to the history of \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/n79043615\"\u003eFairfax County\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/1619\"\u003eNorthern Virginia\u003c/a\u003e, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0311\"\u003eRandolph H. Lytton historical Virginia collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections related to the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85140205\"\u003eCivil War\u003c/a\u003e, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0239\"\u003eWilliam Darke Briscoe Civil War diaries collection\u003c/a\u003e, and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85148236\"\u003eWorld War I\u003c/a\u003e, including the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0393\"\u003eDiary of World War I Red Cross Canteen worker Florence Bishop\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections related to the history of  Fairfax County  and  Northern Virginia , such as the  Randolph H. Lytton historical Virginia collection .","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections related to the  Civil War , such as the  William Darke Briscoe Civil War diaries collection , and  World War I , including the  Diary of World War I Red Cross Canteen worker Florence Bishop ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alexander Haight family collection contains correspondence, legal and financial documents, account ledgers, photographs, and other materials created and collected by members of the Haight family of Fairfax County, Virginia, including during their time living and working on Sully Plantation, during and after the Civil War, and into the mid-20th century, including during World War I. The collection contains 3 series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence (1838-1920) includes sent and received personal and professional correspondence, including letters, cards, and postcards. The bulk of the correspondence represents personal communications between members of the Haight family, both with each other and with family friends, including a number of letters sent by Helen Hill Haight during her time volunteering with the American Red Cross during World War I. Additional correspondence includes communications concerning business matters, such as correspondence to and from legal representatives, and a mix of original and reproduction copy letters sent by Union soldier John M. Young during the Civil War. This series is arranged alphabetically by non-Haight correspondent last name. In cases where a member of the Haight family sent a letter to another Haight, and both are already represented elsewhere in the series, letters are arranged alphabetically by the name of the recipient.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Legal and financial documents (circa 1764-1948) includes personal and professional legal and financial records, most connected to members of the Haight family, including account ledgers, bank, registered letter, and tax receipts, formal and informal contracts and agreements, and other legal documents created by organizations within Fairfax County. Additional documents include Union Army passes issued to Alexander Haight during the Civil War, Alexander Levi Haight's Fairfax County draft classification card issued during World War I, a New York court summons for Stephen Sweet Haight, a California gold dig payment issued to George Sweet (brother of Phoebe Haight), currency notes, including Confederate paper money, and military orders issued during the Civil War. This series is arranged alphabetically either by last name of the subject or creator of the document or by title of the document.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Photographs and ephemera (circa 1850s-1976) includes photographs, personal records, mementoes, and general ephemera created or collected by members of the Haight family. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Photographs (circa 1850s-1960s) includes original and reproduction photographic prints, including daguerreotypes and tintypes, with subjects including Sully Plantation, formal and informal portraits of members of the Haight family, Alexander Haight's prize horse, a portrait of a girl enslaved on Sully Plantation identified as Clio, and various locations and individuals in and around Fairfax County. Items are arranged chronologically by year of creation. Sub-series 2: Records and ephemera (circa 1862-1976) includes personal records and mementoes including programs, booklets, newspapers and clippings, poems, manuscripts, postcards, scrapbooks, and general ephemera items. Items are arranged chronologically by year of creation and grouped by material type or function.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Alexander Haight family collection contains correspondence, legal and financial documents, account ledgers, photographs, and other materials created and collected by members of the Haight family of Fairfax County, Virginia, including during their time living and working on Sully Plantation, during and after the Civil War, and into the mid-20th century, including during World War I. The collection contains 3 series.","Series 1: Correspondence (1838-1920) includes sent and received personal and professional correspondence, including letters, cards, and postcards. The bulk of the correspondence represents personal communications between members of the Haight family, both with each other and with family friends, including a number of letters sent by Helen Hill Haight during her time volunteering with the American Red Cross during World War I. Additional correspondence includes communications concerning business matters, such as correspondence to and from legal representatives, and a mix of original and reproduction copy letters sent by Union soldier John M. Young during the Civil War. This series is arranged alphabetically by non-Haight correspondent last name. In cases where a member of the Haight family sent a letter to another Haight, and both are already represented elsewhere in the series, letters are arranged alphabetically by the name of the recipient.","Series 2: Legal and financial documents (circa 1764-1948) includes personal and professional legal and financial records, most connected to members of the Haight family, including account ledgers, bank, registered letter, and tax receipts, formal and informal contracts and agreements, and other legal documents created by organizations within Fairfax County. Additional documents include Union Army passes issued to Alexander Haight during the Civil War, Alexander Levi Haight's Fairfax County draft classification card issued during World War I, a New York court summons for Stephen Sweet Haight, a California gold dig payment issued to George Sweet (brother of Phoebe Haight), currency notes, including Confederate paper money, and military orders issued during the Civil War. This series is arranged alphabetically either by last name of the subject or creator of the document or by title of the document.","Series 3: Photographs and ephemera (circa 1850s-1976) includes photographs, personal records, mementoes, and general ephemera created or collected by members of the Haight family. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Photographs (circa 1850s-1960s) includes original and reproduction photographic prints, including daguerreotypes and tintypes, with subjects including Sully Plantation, formal and informal portraits of members of the Haight family, Alexander Haight's prize horse, a portrait of a girl enslaved on Sully Plantation identified as Clio, and various locations and individuals in and around Fairfax County. Items are arranged chronologically by year of creation. Sub-series 2: Records and ephemera (circa 1862-1976) includes personal records and mementoes including programs, booklets, newspapers and clippings, poems, manuscripts, postcards, scrapbooks, and general ephemera items. Items are arranged chronologically by year of creation and grouped by material type or function."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll materials created up to 1928 are in the public domain.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe following statement applies to materials created from 1929 onward: The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["All materials created up to 1928 are in the public domain.","The following statement applies to materials created from 1929 onward: The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1a9c21db7465505ff5fd6fb4dd32382c\"\u003eThe Alexander Haight family collection contains correspondence, legal and financial documents, account ledgers, photographs, and other materials created and collected by members of the Haight family of Fairfax County, Virginia, including during their time living and working on Sully Plantation, during and after the Civil War, and into the mid-20th century, including during World War I.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Alexander Haight family collection contains correspondence, legal and financial documents, account ledgers, photographs, and other materials created and collected by members of the Haight family of Fairfax County, Virginia, including during their time living and working on Sully Plantation, during and after the Civil War, and into the mid-20th century, including during World War I."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_cca8c73795be2609e42bfc24f7715bf9\"\u003eR 42, C 3, S 1-2\n\nR 42, C 4, S 1\n\nMap Case 27.2\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 42, C 3, S 1-2\n\nR 42, C 4, S 1\n\nMap Case 27.2"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Haight, Alexander Levi, 1891-1981","Haight, Alexander, 1822-1880","Haight, Elizabeth Barlow, 1889-1974","Haight, Emma Jane, 1858-1939","Haight, George Alexander, 1867-1920","Haight, Helen Hill, 1887-1977","Haight, Henry Clement, 1859-1936","Haight, Phoebe, 1824-1898","Haight, Stephen Sweet","Sweet, George, 1821-1898","Young, John M., 1832-1864"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Haight, Alexander, 1822-1880","Haight, Elizabeth Barlow, 1889-1974","Haight, Emma Jane, 1858-1939","Haight, George Alexander, 1867-1920","Haight, Helen Hill, 1887-1977","Haight, Henry Clement, 1859-1936","Haight, Phoebe, 1824-1898","Haight, Stephen Sweet","Sweet, George, 1821-1898","Young, John M., 1832-1864"],"persname_ssim":["Haight, Alexander Levi, 1891-1981","Haight, Alexander, 1822-1880","Haight, Elizabeth Barlow, 1889-1974","Haight, Emma Jane, 1858-1939","Haight, George Alexander, 1867-1920","Haight, Helen Hill, 1887-1977","Haight, Henry Clement, 1859-1936","Haight, Phoebe, 1824-1898","Haight, Stephen Sweet","Sweet, George, 1821-1898","Young, John M., 1832-1864"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":156,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:24:24.955Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_92","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_92","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_92","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_92","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_92.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Alexander Haight family collection","title_ssm":["Alexander Haight family collection"],"title_tesim":["Alexander Haight family collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1764-1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1764-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0159","/repositories/2/resources/92"],"text":["C0159","/repositories/2/resources/92","Alexander Haight family collection","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Sully Plantation","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern -- History","Fairfax County (Va.)","Fairfax County (Va.) -- History","Confederate States of America","Daguerreotype","Photography -- Negatives","World War, 1914-1918","Paper money","Account books","Photographic prints","Reproductions","Tintypes","Correspondence","Photographs","Newspapers","There are no access restrictions.","Digitized selections from this collection appear in the   Sesquicentennial Civil War Documents Project   hosted on Mason Archival Repository Service (MARS).","The collection is arranged into three series.","Series Series 1: Correspondence Series 2: Legal and financial documents Series 3: Photographs and ephemera","Fairfax County: Park Authority. n.d. \"Sully Historic Site History.\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/sully-historic-site/site-history.","Find a Grave. n.d.-a. \"Alexander Haight (1822-1880).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313800/alexander-haight.","Find a Grave. n.d.-b. \"Alexander Levi Haight (1891-1981).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313806/alexander_levi-haight.","Find a Grave. n.d.-c. \"Emma Jane Young Haight (1858-1939).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313803/emma_jane-haight.","Find a Grave. n.d.-d. \"Henry Clement Haight (1859-1936).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313802/henry_clement-haight.","Wikipedia . 2025. \"Sully Historic Site.\" July 20. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sully_Historic_Site\u0026oldid=1301635745#Chain_of_ownership.","Alexander Haight was born on February 8, 1822 in Dutchess County, New York to Quaker farmers Jacob (1782-1862) and Amy Clement Haight (1787-1863). In 1842, Jacob and Amy purchased the property known as Sully Plantation in Chantilly, Virginia, which was built by Richard Bland Lee between 1787-1794, and soon after invited Alexander to leave New York and help with the running of the property in Virginia. After moving to Sully, Alexander married Pheobe (also spelled \"Phebe\") Sweet (1824-1898) in 1845 and finished construction of their new home, known as \"Little Sully,\" in 1851. The couple would go on to have four children. Eldest daughter Margaret Amy (also known as Maggie) was born in 1848 and married Thomas W. Lee in 1873, Stephen Sweet was born in 1857 and married Henrietta Lucas in 1891, Henry Clement was born in 1859, and youngest George Alexander was born in 1867.","Despite belonging to the Quaker faith (also known as The Religious Society of Friends), whose members actively fought for abolition, records indicate that the Haight family used enslaved labor during their time at Sully. Ownership of the property remained in the Haight family, although transferring formally to Alexander's sister Maria and her husband James Barlow in 1852, and remained so throughout the Civil War, during which both Union and Confederate soldiers crossed the property. In 1869, the family sold Sully to Stephen Shear, but most members of Alexander and Phoebe's branch of the Haight family remained in and around Fairfax County.","In 1886, Jacob and Amy's son Henry Clement married Emma Jane Young, daughter of Union Soldier John M. Young (1831-1865), and the couple would go on to have four children of their own: Helen Hill (1887-1977), Elizabeth Barlow [later Hamill] (1889-1974), Mary [later Millan] (1890–1964), and Alexander Levi (1891-1981).","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2022.","Collection reprocessed by Meghan Glasbrenner from February-October 2025. Finding aid updated by Meghan Glasbrenner from October-November 2025.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections related to the history of  Fairfax County  and  Northern Virginia , such as the  Randolph H. Lytton historical Virginia collection .","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections related to the  Civil War , such as the  William Darke Briscoe Civil War diaries collection , and  World War I , including the  Diary of World War I Red Cross Canteen worker Florence Bishop .","The Alexander Haight family collection contains correspondence, legal and financial documents, account ledgers, photographs, and other materials created and collected by members of the Haight family of Fairfax County, Virginia, including during their time living and working on Sully Plantation, during and after the Civil War, and into the mid-20th century, including during World War I. The collection contains 3 series.","Series 1: Correspondence (1838-1920) includes sent and received personal and professional correspondence, including letters, cards, and postcards. The bulk of the correspondence represents personal communications between members of the Haight family, both with each other and with family friends, including a number of letters sent by Helen Hill Haight during her time volunteering with the American Red Cross during World War I. Additional correspondence includes communications concerning business matters, such as correspondence to and from legal representatives, and a mix of original and reproduction copy letters sent by Union soldier John M. Young during the Civil War. This series is arranged alphabetically by non-Haight correspondent last name. In cases where a member of the Haight family sent a letter to another Haight, and both are already represented elsewhere in the series, letters are arranged alphabetically by the name of the recipient.","Series 2: Legal and financial documents (circa 1764-1948) includes personal and professional legal and financial records, most connected to members of the Haight family, including account ledgers, bank, registered letter, and tax receipts, formal and informal contracts and agreements, and other legal documents created by organizations within Fairfax County. Additional documents include Union Army passes issued to Alexander Haight during the Civil War, Alexander Levi Haight's Fairfax County draft classification card issued during World War I, a New York court summons for Stephen Sweet Haight, a California gold dig payment issued to George Sweet (brother of Phoebe Haight), currency notes, including Confederate paper money, and military orders issued during the Civil War. This series is arranged alphabetically either by last name of the subject or creator of the document or by title of the document.","Series 3: Photographs and ephemera (circa 1850s-1976) includes photographs, personal records, mementoes, and general ephemera created or collected by members of the Haight family. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Photographs (circa 1850s-1960s) includes original and reproduction photographic prints, including daguerreotypes and tintypes, with subjects including Sully Plantation, formal and informal portraits of members of the Haight family, Alexander Haight's prize horse, a portrait of a girl enslaved on Sully Plantation identified as Clio, and various locations and individuals in and around Fairfax County. Items are arranged chronologically by year of creation. Sub-series 2: Records and ephemera (circa 1862-1976) includes personal records and mementoes including programs, booklets, newspapers and clippings, poems, manuscripts, postcards, scrapbooks, and general ephemera items. Items are arranged chronologically by year of creation and grouped by material type or function.","All materials created up to 1928 are in the public domain.","The following statement applies to materials created from 1929 onward: The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The Alexander Haight family collection contains correspondence, legal and financial documents, account ledgers, photographs, and other materials created and collected by members of the Haight family of Fairfax County, Virginia, including during their time living and working on Sully Plantation, during and after the Civil War, and into the mid-20th century, including during World War I.","R 42, C 3, S 1-2\n\nR 42, C 4, S 1\n\nMap Case 27.2","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Haight, Alexander Levi, 1891-1981","Haight, Alexander, 1822-1880","Haight, Elizabeth Barlow, 1889-1974","Haight, Emma Jane, 1858-1939","Haight, George Alexander, 1867-1920","Haight, Helen Hill, 1887-1977","Haight, Henry Clement, 1859-1936","Haight, Phoebe, 1824-1898","Haight, Stephen Sweet","Sweet, George, 1821-1898","Young, John M., 1832-1864","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0159","/repositories/2/resources/92"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexander Haight family collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexander Haight family collection"],"collection_ssim":["Alexander Haight family collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Sully Plantation","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern -- History","Fairfax County (Va.)","Fairfax County (Va.) -- History","Confederate States of America"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Sully Plantation","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern -- History","Fairfax County (Va.)","Fairfax County (Va.) -- History","Confederate States of America"],"creator_ssm":["Haight, Alexander Levi, 1891-1981"],"creator_ssim":["Haight, Alexander Levi, 1891-1981"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Haight, Alexander Levi, 1891-1981"],"creators_ssim":["Haight, Alexander Levi, 1891-1981"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Sully Plantation","Northern Virginia","Virginia, Northern -- History","Fairfax County (Va.)","Fairfax County (Va.) -- History","Confederate States of America"],"access_terms_ssm":["All materials created up to 1928 are in the public domain.","The following statement applies to materials created from 1929 onward: The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Alexander Levi Haight in 1978."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Daguerreotype","Photography -- Negatives","World War, 1914-1918","Paper money","Account books","Photographic prints","Reproductions","Tintypes","Correspondence","Photographs","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Daguerreotype","Photography -- Negatives","World War, 1914-1918","Paper money","Account books","Photographic prints","Reproductions","Tintypes","Correspondence","Photographs","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7 Linear Feet 7 boxes, 1 map case"],"extent_tesim":["7 Linear Feet 7 boxes, 1 map case"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographic prints","Reproductions","Tintypes","Correspondence","Photographs","Newspapers"],"date_range_isim":[1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigitized selections from this collection appear in the \u003ca href=\"http://mars.gmu.edu/handle/1920/6210\"\u003e Sesquicentennial Civil War Documents Project \u003c/a\u003e hosted on Mason Archival Repository Service (MARS).\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digitized selections from this collection appear in the   Sesquicentennial Civil War Documents Project   hosted on Mason Archival Repository Service (MARS)."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Legal and financial documents\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Photographs and ephemera\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series.","Series Series 1: Correspondence Series 2: Legal and financial documents Series 3: Photographs and ephemera"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFairfax County: Park Authority. n.d. \"Sully Historic Site History.\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/sully-historic-site/site-history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFind a Grave. n.d.-a. \"Alexander Haight (1822-1880).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313800/alexander-haight.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFind a Grave. n.d.-b. \"Alexander Levi Haight (1891-1981).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313806/alexander_levi-haight.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFind a Grave. n.d.-c. \"Emma Jane Young Haight (1858-1939).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313803/emma_jane-haight.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFind a Grave. n.d.-d. \"Henry Clement Haight (1859-1936).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313802/henry_clement-haight.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Sully Historic Site.\" July 20. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sully_Historic_Site\u0026amp;oldid=1301635745#Chain_of_ownership.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Fairfax County: Park Authority. n.d. \"Sully Historic Site History.\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/sully-historic-site/site-history.","Find a Grave. n.d.-a. \"Alexander Haight (1822-1880).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313800/alexander-haight.","Find a Grave. n.d.-b. \"Alexander Levi Haight (1891-1981).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313806/alexander_levi-haight.","Find a Grave. n.d.-c. \"Emma Jane Young Haight (1858-1939).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313803/emma_jane-haight.","Find a Grave. n.d.-d. \"Henry Clement Haight (1859-1936).\" Accessed November 12, 2025. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29313802/henry_clement-haight.","Wikipedia . 2025. \"Sully Historic Site.\" July 20. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sully_Historic_Site\u0026oldid=1301635745#Chain_of_ownership."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexander Haight was born on February 8, 1822 in Dutchess County, New York to Quaker farmers Jacob (1782-1862) and Amy Clement Haight (1787-1863). In 1842, Jacob and Amy purchased the property known as Sully Plantation in Chantilly, Virginia, which was built by Richard Bland Lee between 1787-1794, and soon after invited Alexander to leave New York and help with the running of the property in Virginia. After moving to Sully, Alexander married Pheobe (also spelled \"Phebe\") Sweet (1824-1898) in 1845 and finished construction of their new home, known as \"Little Sully,\" in 1851. The couple would go on to have four children. Eldest daughter Margaret Amy (also known as Maggie) was born in 1848 and married Thomas W. Lee in 1873, Stephen Sweet was born in 1857 and married Henrietta Lucas in 1891, Henry Clement was born in 1859, and youngest George Alexander was born in 1867.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDespite belonging to the Quaker faith (also known as The Religious Society of Friends), whose members actively fought for abolition, records indicate that the Haight family used enslaved labor during their time at Sully. Ownership of the property remained in the Haight family, although transferring formally to Alexander's sister Maria and her husband James Barlow in 1852, and remained so throughout the Civil War, during which both Union and Confederate soldiers crossed the property. In 1869, the family sold Sully to Stephen Shear, but most members of Alexander and Phoebe's branch of the Haight family remained in and around Fairfax County.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1886, Jacob and Amy's son Henry Clement married Emma Jane Young, daughter of Union Soldier John M. Young (1831-1865), and the couple would go on to have four children of their own: Helen Hill (1887-1977), Elizabeth Barlow [later Hamill] (1889-1974), Mary [later Millan] (1890–1964), and Alexander Levi (1891-1981).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Alexander Haight was born on February 8, 1822 in Dutchess County, New York to Quaker farmers Jacob (1782-1862) and Amy Clement Haight (1787-1863). In 1842, Jacob and Amy purchased the property known as Sully Plantation in Chantilly, Virginia, which was built by Richard Bland Lee between 1787-1794, and soon after invited Alexander to leave New York and help with the running of the property in Virginia. After moving to Sully, Alexander married Pheobe (also spelled \"Phebe\") Sweet (1824-1898) in 1845 and finished construction of their new home, known as \"Little Sully,\" in 1851. The couple would go on to have four children. Eldest daughter Margaret Amy (also known as Maggie) was born in 1848 and married Thomas W. Lee in 1873, Stephen Sweet was born in 1857 and married Henrietta Lucas in 1891, Henry Clement was born in 1859, and youngest George Alexander was born in 1867.","Despite belonging to the Quaker faith (also known as The Religious Society of Friends), whose members actively fought for abolition, records indicate that the Haight family used enslaved labor during their time at Sully. Ownership of the property remained in the Haight family, although transferring formally to Alexander's sister Maria and her husband James Barlow in 1852, and remained so throughout the Civil War, during which both Union and Confederate soldiers crossed the property. In 1869, the family sold Sully to Stephen Shear, but most members of Alexander and Phoebe's branch of the Haight family remained in and around Fairfax County.","In 1886, Jacob and Amy's son Henry Clement married Emma Jane Young, daughter of Union Soldier John M. Young (1831-1865), and the couple would go on to have four children of their own: Helen Hill (1887-1977), Elizabeth Barlow [later Hamill] (1889-1974), Mary [later Millan] (1890–1964), and Alexander Levi (1891-1981)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexander Haight family collection, C0159, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Alexander Haight family collection, C0159, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2022.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCollection reprocessed by Meghan Glasbrenner from February-October 2025. Finding aid updated by Meghan Glasbrenner from October-November 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2022.","Collection reprocessed by Meghan Glasbrenner from February-October 2025. Finding aid updated by Meghan Glasbrenner from October-November 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other collections related to the history of \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/n79043615\"\u003eFairfax County\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/1619\"\u003eNorthern Virginia\u003c/a\u003e, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0311\"\u003eRandolph H. Lytton historical Virginia collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections related to the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85140205\"\u003eCivil War\u003c/a\u003e, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0239\"\u003eWilliam Darke Briscoe Civil War diaries collection\u003c/a\u003e, and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85148236\"\u003eWorld War I\u003c/a\u003e, including the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0393\"\u003eDiary of World War I Red Cross Canteen worker Florence Bishop\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections related to the history of  Fairfax County  and  Northern Virginia , such as the  Randolph H. Lytton historical Virginia collection .","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections related to the  Civil War , such as the  William Darke Briscoe Civil War diaries collection , and  World War I , including the  Diary of World War I Red Cross Canteen worker Florence Bishop ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alexander Haight family collection contains correspondence, legal and financial documents, account ledgers, photographs, and other materials created and collected by members of the Haight family of Fairfax County, Virginia, including during their time living and working on Sully Plantation, during and after the Civil War, and into the mid-20th century, including during World War I. The collection contains 3 series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence (1838-1920) includes sent and received personal and professional correspondence, including letters, cards, and postcards. The bulk of the correspondence represents personal communications between members of the Haight family, both with each other and with family friends, including a number of letters sent by Helen Hill Haight during her time volunteering with the American Red Cross during World War I. Additional correspondence includes communications concerning business matters, such as correspondence to and from legal representatives, and a mix of original and reproduction copy letters sent by Union soldier John M. Young during the Civil War. This series is arranged alphabetically by non-Haight correspondent last name. In cases where a member of the Haight family sent a letter to another Haight, and both are already represented elsewhere in the series, letters are arranged alphabetically by the name of the recipient.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Legal and financial documents (circa 1764-1948) includes personal and professional legal and financial records, most connected to members of the Haight family, including account ledgers, bank, registered letter, and tax receipts, formal and informal contracts and agreements, and other legal documents created by organizations within Fairfax County. Additional documents include Union Army passes issued to Alexander Haight during the Civil War, Alexander Levi Haight's Fairfax County draft classification card issued during World War I, a New York court summons for Stephen Sweet Haight, a California gold dig payment issued to George Sweet (brother of Phoebe Haight), currency notes, including Confederate paper money, and military orders issued during the Civil War. This series is arranged alphabetically either by last name of the subject or creator of the document or by title of the document.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Photographs and ephemera (circa 1850s-1976) includes photographs, personal records, mementoes, and general ephemera created or collected by members of the Haight family. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Photographs (circa 1850s-1960s) includes original and reproduction photographic prints, including daguerreotypes and tintypes, with subjects including Sully Plantation, formal and informal portraits of members of the Haight family, Alexander Haight's prize horse, a portrait of a girl enslaved on Sully Plantation identified as Clio, and various locations and individuals in and around Fairfax County. Items are arranged chronologically by year of creation. Sub-series 2: Records and ephemera (circa 1862-1976) includes personal records and mementoes including programs, booklets, newspapers and clippings, poems, manuscripts, postcards, scrapbooks, and general ephemera items. Items are arranged chronologically by year of creation and grouped by material type or function.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Alexander Haight family collection contains correspondence, legal and financial documents, account ledgers, photographs, and other materials created and collected by members of the Haight family of Fairfax County, Virginia, including during their time living and working on Sully Plantation, during and after the Civil War, and into the mid-20th century, including during World War I. The collection contains 3 series.","Series 1: Correspondence (1838-1920) includes sent and received personal and professional correspondence, including letters, cards, and postcards. The bulk of the correspondence represents personal communications between members of the Haight family, both with each other and with family friends, including a number of letters sent by Helen Hill Haight during her time volunteering with the American Red Cross during World War I. Additional correspondence includes communications concerning business matters, such as correspondence to and from legal representatives, and a mix of original and reproduction copy letters sent by Union soldier John M. Young during the Civil War. This series is arranged alphabetically by non-Haight correspondent last name. In cases where a member of the Haight family sent a letter to another Haight, and both are already represented elsewhere in the series, letters are arranged alphabetically by the name of the recipient.","Series 2: Legal and financial documents (circa 1764-1948) includes personal and professional legal and financial records, most connected to members of the Haight family, including account ledgers, bank, registered letter, and tax receipts, formal and informal contracts and agreements, and other legal documents created by organizations within Fairfax County. Additional documents include Union Army passes issued to Alexander Haight during the Civil War, Alexander Levi Haight's Fairfax County draft classification card issued during World War I, a New York court summons for Stephen Sweet Haight, a California gold dig payment issued to George Sweet (brother of Phoebe Haight), currency notes, including Confederate paper money, and military orders issued during the Civil War. This series is arranged alphabetically either by last name of the subject or creator of the document or by title of the document.","Series 3: Photographs and ephemera (circa 1850s-1976) includes photographs, personal records, mementoes, and general ephemera created or collected by members of the Haight family. It is further divided into two subseries. Sub-series 1: Photographs (circa 1850s-1960s) includes original and reproduction photographic prints, including daguerreotypes and tintypes, with subjects including Sully Plantation, formal and informal portraits of members of the Haight family, Alexander Haight's prize horse, a portrait of a girl enslaved on Sully Plantation identified as Clio, and various locations and individuals in and around Fairfax County. Items are arranged chronologically by year of creation. Sub-series 2: Records and ephemera (circa 1862-1976) includes personal records and mementoes including programs, booklets, newspapers and clippings, poems, manuscripts, postcards, scrapbooks, and general ephemera items. Items are arranged chronologically by year of creation and grouped by material type or function."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll materials created up to 1928 are in the public domain.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe following statement applies to materials created from 1929 onward: The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["All materials created up to 1928 are in the public domain.","The following statement applies to materials created from 1929 onward: The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1a9c21db7465505ff5fd6fb4dd32382c\"\u003eThe Alexander Haight family collection contains correspondence, legal and financial documents, account ledgers, photographs, and other materials created and collected by members of the Haight family of Fairfax County, Virginia, including during their time living and working on Sully Plantation, during and after the Civil War, and into the mid-20th century, including during World War I.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Alexander Haight family collection contains correspondence, legal and financial documents, account ledgers, photographs, and other materials created and collected by members of the Haight family of Fairfax County, Virginia, including during their time living and working on Sully Plantation, during and after the Civil War, and into the mid-20th century, including during World War I."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_cca8c73795be2609e42bfc24f7715bf9\"\u003eR 42, C 3, S 1-2\n\nR 42, C 4, S 1\n\nMap Case 27.2\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 42, C 3, S 1-2\n\nR 42, C 4, S 1\n\nMap Case 27.2"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Haight, Alexander Levi, 1891-1981","Haight, Alexander, 1822-1880","Haight, Elizabeth Barlow, 1889-1974","Haight, Emma Jane, 1858-1939","Haight, George Alexander, 1867-1920","Haight, Helen Hill, 1887-1977","Haight, Henry Clement, 1859-1936","Haight, Phoebe, 1824-1898","Haight, Stephen Sweet","Sweet, George, 1821-1898","Young, John M., 1832-1864"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Haight, Alexander, 1822-1880","Haight, Elizabeth Barlow, 1889-1974","Haight, Emma Jane, 1858-1939","Haight, George Alexander, 1867-1920","Haight, Helen Hill, 1887-1977","Haight, Henry Clement, 1859-1936","Haight, Phoebe, 1824-1898","Haight, Stephen Sweet","Sweet, George, 1821-1898","Young, John M., 1832-1864"],"persname_ssim":["Haight, Alexander Levi, 1891-1981","Haight, Alexander, 1822-1880","Haight, Elizabeth Barlow, 1889-1974","Haight, Emma Jane, 1858-1939","Haight, George Alexander, 1867-1920","Haight, Helen Hill, 1887-1977","Haight, Henry Clement, 1859-1936","Haight, Phoebe, 1824-1898","Haight, Stephen Sweet","Sweet, George, 1821-1898","Young, John M., 1832-1864"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":156,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:24:24.955Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_92"}},{"id":"viumu_mackay-smith","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Alexander Mackay-Smith Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viumu_mackay-smith#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Alexander Mackay-Smith","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viumu_mackay-smith#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Mackay-Smith Collection's greatest strength is in contemporary editions of 18th-century instrumental music, particularly trio sonatas. The collection shows similarity to the music section of Jefferson's catalogue of 1783. The trio sonatas of Carlo Antonio Campioni (1720-1788), one of Jefferson's favorite composers, are especially well represented.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viumu_mackay-smith#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viumu_mackay-smith","ead_ssi":"viumu_mackay-smith","_root_":"viumu_mackay-smith","_nest_parent_":"viumu_mackay-smith","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-music/mackay-smith.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=uva-hs/mackay-smith.xml","title_ssm":["Alexander Mackay-Smith Collection"],"title_tesim":["Alexander Mackay-Smith Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1689-1827"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1689-1827"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["mackay-smith"],"text":["mackay-smith","Alexander Mackay-Smith Collection","Bauer, Carla Christine . Michael Blavets Flötenmusik . Freiburg : Hochschule-Verlag , 1981 . B. [Handel] Bell, A. Craig . Handel: Chronological Thematic Catalogue . Darley : Grian-Aig Press , 1972 . B. [Pleyel] Benton, Rita . Ignace Pleyel: A Thematic Catalogue of His Compositions . New York : Pendragon Press , 1977 . B. [Tartini] Brainard, Paul . Le sonate per violino di Giuseppe Tartini: catalog tematico . Milan : Carisch , 1975 . BUCEM The British Union-Catalogue of Early Music Before the Year 1801: A Record of the Holdings of over One Hundred Libraries Throughout the British Isles . 2 vols. Edited by Edith B. Schnapper. London : Butterworths , 1957 . CPM The Catalogue of Printed Music in the British Library to 1980 . Edited by Laureen Baillie. London : K. G. Saur , 1981- Devriès, Anik . Édition et commerce de la musique graveée a Paris dans la première moitié du XVIIIe siècle: les Boivin, les Leclerc . Geneva : Minkoff , 1976 . Devriès-Lesure Devriès, Anik , and François Lesure . Dictionnaire des éditeurs de musique français . Geneva : Minkoff , 1979- D. Dounias, Minos . Die Volinkonzerte Giuseppe Tartinis . Munich : Druck der Salesianischen Offizin , 1935 . Fred, Herbert William . \" The Instrumental Music of Johann Christoph Pepusch .\" Ph.D. dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , 1961 . G. Gérard, Yves . Thematic, Bibliographical, and Critical Catalogue of the Works of Luigi Boccherini . London : Oxford University Press , 1969 . Haas, Otto . Catalogue No. 20: The Valuable Music Library formed by Alfred Moffat, Esq. London : Haas , [ 1944 ] . Hopkinson, Cecil . A Dictionary of Parisian Music Publishers, 1700-1950 . New York : Da Capo , 1979 (reprint of the London, 1954, ed.). Hob. Hoboken, Anthony van . Joseph Haydn: Thematisch-bibliographisches Werkverzeichnis . 3 vols. Mainz : B. Schott's Söhne , 1957-78 . Humphries-Smith Humphries, Charles , and William C. Smith . Music Publishing in the British Isles, from the Beginning until the Middle Part of the Nineteenth Century . 2nd ed. New York : Barnes \u0026 Noble , 1970 . J. Jenkins, Newell , and Bathia Churgin . Thematic Catalogue of the Works of Giovanni Battista Sammartini: Orchestral and Vocal Music . Cambridge, Mass. : Published for the American Musicological Society by Harvard University Press , 1976 . Johansson/French Johansson, Cari . French Music Publishers' Catalogues of the Second Half of the Eighteenth Century . 2 vols. Stockholm : Kungl . Musikaliska Akademiens bibliothek, 1955 . Johansson/Hummel Johansson, Cari . J. J. \u0026 B. Hummel Music-Publishing and Thematic Catalogues . 3 vols. Stockholm : Almquist \u0026 Wiksell , 1972 . Knape, Walter . Bibliographisch-thematisches Verzeichnis der Kompositionen von Karl Friedrich Abel . Cuxhaven : W. Knape , 1972 . K. Köchel, Ludwig, Ritter von . Chronologisch-thematisches Verzeichnis sämtlicher Tonwerke Wolfgang Amadé Mozarts . 6th ed., edited by Franz Giegling, Alexander Weinmann, and Gerd Sievers. Wiesbaden : Breitkopf \u0026 Härtel , 1964 . Lesure/Bibliographie Lesure, François . Bibliographie des éditions musicales publiées par Estienne Roger et Michel-Charles Le Cène, Amsterdam, 1696-1743 . Paris : Société française de musicologie , 1969 . Lesure/Catalogue Lesure, François , ed. Catalogue de la musique imprimée avant 1800 conservée dans les bibliotheques publiques de Paris . Paris : Bibliothèque Nationale , 1981 . Marx, Hans Joachim . Die Überlieferung der Werke Arcangelo Corellis: Catalogue rasionné . Cologne : Arno Volk Verlag , 1980 . The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians . Edited by Stanley Sadie. 20 vols. London : Macmillan , 1980 . The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd ed. . Edited by Stanley Sadie. 29 vols. London : Macmillan , 2001. . Priestman, Brian . \" Catalogue thématique des oeuvres de Jean-Baptiste, John et Jacques Loeillet ,\" Revue belge de musicologie , 6 ( 1952 ) , pp. 219-274. RISM Répertoire international des sources musicales, series A/I. Einzeldrucke vor 1801 . Edited by Karl-Heinz Schlager. 10 vols. Kassel : Bärenreiter , 1971-1981 . RISM B/II Répertoire international des sources musicales, series B, volume 2. Recueils imprimées . Edited by François Lesure. Munich : G. Henle , 1964 . Smith Smith, William Charles . A Bibliography of the Musical Works Published by John Walsh, During the Years 1695-1720 . London : The Bibliographical Society , 1948 . Smith/Handel Smith, William Charles . Handel: A Descriptive Catalogue of the Early Editions . 2nd edition. New York : Barnes \u0026 Noble , 1970 . Smith-Humphries Smith, William Charles , and Charles Humphries . A Bibliography of the Musical Works Published by the Firm of John Walsh During the Years 1721-1766 . London : The Bibliographical Society , 1968 . Terry, Charles Sanford . John Christian Bach . 2nd edition. London : Oxford University Press , 1967 . Vairasse, Denis . Histoire des Sevarambes . Nouvelle édition. Amsterdam : Estienne Roger , 1716 . Vol. 2, pp. 291-348: \" Catalogue d'un asortiment general de musique, qui se vend à Amsterdam par Estienne Roger \". Wotquenne, Alfred . Catalogue thématique des œuvres de Chr. W. v. Gluck . Leipzig : Breitkopf \u0026 Härtel , 1904 . Z. [Purcell] Zimmerman, Franklin B. Henry Purcell, 1659-1695: An Analytical Catalogue of His Music . New York : St. Martin's Press , 1963 . Z. [Pugnani] Zschinsky-Troxler, Elisabeth . Gaetano Pugnani, 1731-1798: ein Beitrag zur Stilerfassung italienischer Vorklassik . Berlin : Atlantis , 1939 .","Introduction \"The collection was not brought together by writing big checks to leading dealers. On the contrary it represents days and weeks spent in the bookstalls and shops of London, Paris and Berlin, thumbing over dust-laden stacks of music and piles of books. It represents many hours of study, many hundreds of letters. It was never the sort of collection gathered just for exhibition purposes, but a working library...\" 1 Alexander Mackay-Smith's \"working library\" today forms the nucleus of the University of Virginia's Music Library. The Mackay-Smith Collection, presented to the University in 1946, includes complete runs of what at that time constituted virtually all the major musicological journals, an impressive array of major reference works, bibliographies, printed library catalogues, monographs, and, above all, scores. The collection's greatest strength is in contemporary editions of 18th-century instrumental music, particularly trio sonatas. An accomplished amateur violinist, Mackay-Smith acquired much of his chamber music for purely practical purposes. His chamber music partners included his brother, Carleton Sprague Smith, flutist and chief of the New York Public Library's Music Division from 1931 to 1943 and again from 1946 to 1959; Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge, pianist, composer, and patroness of music; and Constance Darden, violinist and violist, wife of the University of Virginia's President, Colgate Darden. The majority of the works represented in this catalogue were purchased in Paris and London between 1928 and 1934. After graduating from Harvard in 1924, Mackay-Smith spent several years in Europe: I bought my first early music from Harold Reeves in London in the summer of 1928 when I was able to acquire virtually all the 18th century editions, particularly of trio music, which he then had in stock, going back not only through his current but also through earlier catalogues, picking out numbers which remained unsold. It is almost a shame today to think of the prices at which such things were then available, one or two pounds apiece. 2 Otto Haas, in Berlin and then later in London, was another source for much of the music described here. Following World War II, Mackay-Smith deposited his entire music collection with the University of Virginia Library: The University seemed like a logical place to deposit [it], since my children are descended from Thomas Jefferson; since, as you well know, Jefferson played the violin almost every day of his life... 3 It is particularly fitting, I think, that the chamber music for violin which Thomas Jefferson so enjoyed playing should now be fully represented at the University which he founded. 4 The Mackay-Smith Collection in fact shows similarity to the music section of Jefferson's own catalogue of 1783. It is scarcely coincidental that the trio sonatas of Carlo Antonio Campioni (1720-1788), one of Jefferson's favorite composers, are especially well represented. Jefferson had at one point taken the trouble to transcribe some 38 incipits of works by Campioni already in his library, with a note in the margin to a London dealer asking for any other works he had also composed, \"Solos, Duets, or Trios. Printed copies would be preferred...\" 5 It was in much the same systematic fashion that Alexander Mackay-Smith developed his own collection of instrumental chamber music, with special emphasis on the trio sonata. A lawyer by profession, Mackay-Smith might also confess, as had Jefferson, that \"music is the favorite passion of my soul.\" 6 Jefferson, however, had been forced to concede that \"fortune has cast my lot in a country where it is in a state of deplorable barbarism.\" That these circumstances no longer obtain is due in no small measure to the efforts of Alexander Mackay-Smith and other collectors like him.","Editorial Method The form of entry for each composer's name follows that in the Library of Congress authority file, where such an entry exists, or The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd ed. . In the case of composers whose works were first published during both the 18th and 19th centuries, only composers born before 1770 have been included. This is approximately the same criterion for inclusion in RISM Series A/I. A brief filing title is provided to facilitate browsing and ensure a logical and consistent sequence among entries. The form is essentially that established by the second edition of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules ( Chicago : American Library Association , 1979 ) . A few minor exceptions have been adopted for the sake of both brevity and clarity. Unless otherwise indicated, all individual parts within a set have identical title-pages. The format (folio, quarto, etc.) is based on the number of times the original sheets of paper have been folded to make individual leaves. 7 The terminology for the oblong formats is that suggested by D. W. Krummel. 8 Two sets of dimensions are given for all engraved title-pages: the first represents the imaginary rectangle that would enclose all elements of the engraved surface; the second measurement, in parentheses, represents the plate mark. The names of individual parts are transcribed exactly as they appear on the parts themselves, usually as running heads. The system used for describing pagination has been taken from Cecil Hopkinson's various bibliographies of Berlioz, Gluck, Puccini, etc., and is self-explanatory. No attemp has been made to collate gatherings. 9 The title of each work and its sequence of movements and keys are transcribed as they appear on the first part listed in the work's contents. Any exceptions to this, the primary source of information, are specifically noted in square brackets. For dates, the terminology used is that recommended by the International Association of Music Libraries' Guide for Dating Early Published Music . 10 Whenever possible, dates of issue are provided; for lack of sufficient evidence, however, most dates in this catalogue must be considered dates of editions. All citation to the Répertoire international des sources musicales, unless otherwise noted, are to Series A/I, Einzeldrucke vor 1801, edited by Karl-Heinz Schlager (Kassel: Bärenreiter, 1971-1981) . If the Mackay-Smith exemplar differs significantly from the entry appearing in RISM, discrepancies are noted in parentheses following the RISM number. The dates that appear at the end of many of the call numbers derive from the original cataloguing of the collection at the University of Virginia in the late 1940s. Although an integral part of the call number, they have no significance in and of themselves.","Notes 1 Alexender Mackay-Smith to Stephen Tuttle, Professor of Music, 16 July 1948, Mackay-Smith papers, Alderman Library, University of Virginia. 2 Mackay-Smith to Jean Bonin, Music Librarian, 30 July 1974. 3 Ibid. 4 Mackay-Smith to Tuttle, 16 July 1948. 5 Both the music section of the 1783 catalogue and the Campioni incipits (undated) are reproduced and transcribed in Carolyn Galbraith Nolan's \"Thomas Jefferson, Gentleman Musician\" (M.A. thesis, University of Virginia, 1967). Nolan's transcriptions of the catalogue also appears in Helen Cripe's Thomas Jefferson and Music (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1974), pp. 97-104. 6 Thomas Jefferson to Giovanni Fabbroni, 8 June 1778, in The Papers of Thomas Jefferson , edited by Julian Boyden, v. 2 ( Princeton : Princeton University Press , 1950 ) , p. 196 . 7 See Ronald B. McKerrow , An Introduction to Bibliography ( Oxford : Clarendon Press , 1927 ), pp. 164-174 . 8 D. W. Krummel , \" Oblong Format in Early Music Books ,\" The Library , 5th series, 26 ( 1971 ) , pp. 312-324 . 9 As Krummel has pointed out, the leaves of most engraved music after 1700 are gathered either singly or in twos ( \" Bibliography of Music ,\" The New Grove , v. 2 , p. 683) \"and the important changes in text usually took place on the plates, making the assembly largely irrelevant for textual work.\" ( \" Musical Functions and Bibliographical Forms ,\" The Library , 5th series, 31 [ 1976 ] , p. 337 ). 10 Compiled by D. W. Krummel ( Hackensack, N.J. : Joseph Boonin , 1974 ) .","The Mackay-Smith Collection's greatest strength is in contemporary editions of 18th-century instrumental music, particularly trio sonatas. The collection shows similarity to the music section of Jefferson's catalogue of 1783. The trio sonatas of Carlo Antonio Campioni (1720-1788), one of Jefferson's favorite composers, are especially well represented.","University of Virginia. Small Special Collections Library","Harp and Hoboy","Longman \u0026 Co.","Welcker's Musick Shop","Harp and Hautboy","Harp and Crown","Simpsons Musick Shop","Viol and Flute","Janet et Cotelle","Golden Viol and Flute","Violin and Lute","Mr. Forsters Music Shop","Mme. Duhan et Cie.","Orpheus (Firm)","Golden Harp","Golden Viol","Règle d'Or","Croix d'Or","Longman and Broderip [London, England]","Simpson's Musick Shop","Golden Bass","Musique royale [Firm]","Grand magazine de musique","Handel's Head","Bass Viol \u0026 Flute","Longman, Lukey \u0026 Co.","Charles \u0026 Samuel Thompson","Thompson \u0026 Son","Conservatoire de Musique [France]","Straight \u0026 Skillern","Chales \u0026 Samuel Thompson","Comédie Françoise","Longman, Lukey \u0026 Broderip","John and Joseph Hare","Lyre and Owl","Monzani \u0026 Cimador","Corri, Dussek \u0026 Co.","J. Longman \u0026 Co. [London, England]","Breitkopf \u0026 Härtel","Ronald B. McKerrow","D. W. Krummel","Bauer, Carla Christine","Bell, A. Craig","Benton, Rita","Brainard, Paul","Devriès, Anik","François Lesure","Dounias, Minos","Fred, Herbert William","Gérard, Yves","Haas, Otto","Hopkinson, Cecil","Hoboken, Anthony van","Humphries, Charles","William C. Smith","Jenkins, Newell","Bathia Churgin","Johansson, Cari","Knape, Walter","Köchel, Ludwig, Ritter von","Lesure, François","Marx, Hans Joachim","Priestman, Brian","Smith, William Charles","Charles Humphries","Terry, Charles Sanford","Vairasse, Denis","Wotquenne, Alfred","Zimmerman, Franklin B.","Zschinsky-Troxler, Elisabeth","Abel, Karl Friedrich, 1723-1787","Napier, William, 1740?-1812","Bremner, Robert, d. 1789","Agus, Giuseppe","Welcker, John","Alberti, Pietro","Roger, Estienne, 1665-1722","Albertini, Giuseppe","Hummell, A.","Albicastro, Henricus","Albinoni, Tomaso, 1671-1750","Walsh, John, 1665 or 6-1736","Alcock, John, 1715-1806","Androux, Giovanni Giacomo","Welcker, Peter, d. 1775","Arne, Thomas Augustine, 1710-1778","Oliver y Astorga, Juan, 1733 or 4-1830","Avison, Charles, 1709-1770","Scarlatti, Domenico, 1685-1757","Denson, R.","Barber, Joseph","Richard Newton","Jack Lee Cassingham","Johnson, John, fl. 1754-1770","Phillips, John","Phillips, Sarah","Bach, Johann Christian, 1735-1782","Hummel, Johann Julius, 1728-1798","Barbandt, Charles","Barbella, Emanuele, 1718-1777","Barthélemon, F. H. (François-Hippolyte), 1741-1808","Bates, William, fl. 1750-1780","Cox, John","Beretti, Pietro","Besozzi, Antonio, 1714-1781","Besozzi, Paolo Girolamo, 1704-1778","Besozzi, Alessandro, 1702-1793","Canavasse, Mr.","Castagneri, Andrea","Guersan, Louis, ca. 1700-1770","Estien, Mlle.","Bianchi, Giovanni, b. ca. 1660","Bitti, Martino","Hare, John, d. 1725","Blake, Benjamin, 1751-1827","Boccherini, Luigi, 1743-1805","Imbault, Jean Jérôme","Leduc, Auguste (Antoine-Pierre-Auguste), 1779-1823","Naderman, Jean-Henri, 1735-1799","Bononcini, Giovanni, 1670-1747","Bonporti, Francesco Antonio, 1672-1749","Randall, Peter, fl. ca. 1706-1710","Borghi, Luigi, b. ca. 1745","Boyce, William, 1711-1779","Bréval, J. B. (Jean Baptiste), 1753-1823","Forster, William","Brioschi, Antonio, fl. 1730-1750","Bruni, Antonio Bartolomeo, 1757-1821","Sieber, Jean-George, 1738-1822","Campioni, Carlo Antonio, 1720-1788","Randall, William, d. 1776","Constantin Floros","Carbonelli, Giovanni Stefano, d. 1772","Carelio, Antonio","Cervetto, Giacobbe, 1682-1783","Churchill, William, fl. 1785-1795","Preston, J.","Preston, John","Smith","Ciampi, Vincenzo Legrenzio, 1719-1762","Dennis Libby","Cirri, Giovanni Battista, 1724-1808","Owain Edwards","Clementi, Muzio, 1752-1832","Corbett, William, 1675-1748","Pippard, L. (Luke)","Corelli, Arcangelo, 1653-1713","Cooke, Benjamin","Pepusch, John Christopher, 1667-1752","Cross, Thomas, ca. 1660-ca. 1735","Cramer, Wilhelm, 1746-1799","Bérault, Madame","Casteau","Sieber, Marie Julie Regnaud","Croes, Hendrik-Jacques de","Boivin, Mme. (Elisabeth-Catherine Ballard), d. 1776","Le Clerc, Jean-Pantaléon, d. 1759","Michelon, Mlle.","Devienne, François, 1759-1803","Ribiere","Dolphin","Godfroy, M.","Seaunier, M.","Dôthel, Niccolò, 1721-1810","Hallet, Benjamin","Oswald, James, 1710-1769","Frank Kidson","Duni, Egidio, 1708-1775","Dufour","Duport, Jean-Pierre, 1741-1818","La Chevardière, Louis Balthazard de, 1730-1812","Oger, Madame","Eichner, Ernst, 1740-1777","Ferrari, Carlo, 1714-1790","Vendôme, Marie-Charlotte","Ferrari, Domenico, 1722-1780","Virginia Downman Kock","Festing, Michael Christian, d. 1752","Smith, William, fl. 1720-1763","Filtz, Johann Anton, 1733-1760","Charpentier, P. L. (Pierre Laurent)","Fiorillo, Federigo, 1755-ca. 1823","Fisher, F. E.","Florio, Pietro Grassi, d. 1795","Whitaker, Maurice","Freake, John George","Galeotti, Salvatore, fl. 1760-1770","Lidarti, Christian Joseph, b. 1730","Galeotti, Stefano, ca. 1723-ca. 1790","Galeotti, Stefano, ca. 1723-ca.1790","Gallo, Alberto","Bayard, Marc, d. 1782","Castagnery, Mlle. (Marie-Anne), 1722-1782","Le Clerc, Mr.","Gallo, Domencio, 18th cent.","Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista, 1710-1736","Marvin E. Paymer","Charles L. Cudworth","Geminiani, Francesco, 1687-1762","Barsanti, Francesco, 1690-1772","Giardini, Felice, 1716-1796","Le Menu, Christophe, d. 1774","De Brotonne, Étienne, ca. 1707-1757","Vernadé, Claude, 1712-1786","Birchall, Robert, d. 1819","Saint Germain, comte de, d. 1784","Gluck, Christoph Willibald, Ritter von, 1714-1787","Simpson, J.","Graaf, Christiaan Ernst, 1723-1804","Graeff, Johann Georg","Lavenu, Lewis, d. 1818","Grenser, Johan Fredrik, d. 1795","Grezner, Johann Friedrich","Guerini, Francesco, fl. 1740-1770","Handel, George Frideric, 1685-1759","Bassani, Giovanni Battista, ca. 1650-1716","Pez, Joh. Chr. (Johann Christoph), 1664-1716","Purcell, Henry, 1659-1695","Torelli, Giuseppe, 1658-1709","Hasse, Johann Adolf, 1699-1783","Haydn, Joseph, 1732-1809","Kerpen, John","Haydn, Michael, 1737-1806","Hubert Unverricht","Hickes, George, 1642-1715","King","Hook, Mr. (James), 1746-1827","Humble, Maximilian","Humphries, John, ca. 1707-ca. 1740","William S. Newman","Jackson, Joseph, 18 th cent.","Jackson, Joseph, Mrs.","Jadin, Hyacinthe","Vératé, Mlle.","Carcani, sigr., 1703-1779","Jommelli, Nicolò, 1714-1774","Sammartini, Giovanni Battista, 1700 (ca.)-1775","Boivin, Mme. (Elisabeth-Catherine Ballard), d. s1776","Chinzer, Giuseppe, fl. 1745","Kammel, Antonín, b. 1730","Kelly, Thomas Alexander Erskine, Earl of, 1732-1781","Klöffler, Johann Friedrich, 1725-1790","Lampugnani, Giovanni Battista, 1706-ca. 1786","Simpson, John, fl. 1734-1749","Lanzetti, Salvatore, 1710-ca. 1780","Lapis, Santo, fl. 1725-1764","Mol, Pieter","Lates, James, ca. 1740-1777","Leclair, Jean-Marie, 1697-1764","Boivin, François, d. 1733","Le clerc, Le Sr.","Roussel, Louise Anne Renard","Leclair, Louise Catherine Roussel, b. 1700","Lidl, Andreas, ca. 1740-ca. 1788","Skillern, T. (Thomas), fl. 1777-1802","Lœillet, Jean Baptiste, b. 1688","Lolli, Antonio, ca. 1725-1802","Bailleux, Antoine, d. 1791","Brunet, Mr.","Castaud, Jean-Antoine, b. 1714","Lobry, Mme.","Magnian, G.","Maldere, Pierre van, 1729-1768","Marais, Marin, 1656-1728","Bonneuil, Hiérosme, fl. 1671-1701","Trouvain","Marjolin, L. A.","Martin, François, 1727-1757","Le Clerc, Charles-Nicolas, 1697-1774","Laymon, Mademoiselle, fl. 1743-1752","Mascitti, Michele, 1663 or 1664-1760","Menesini, Bartolomeo","Fougt, Henric, 1720-1782","Morigi, Angelo, 1725-1801","Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 1756-1791","Nardini, Pietro, 1722-1793","Noferi, Giovan Battista, 18 th cent.","Nussen, Frederick","Paganelli, Giuseppe Antonio, 1710-ca. 1763","Le Clerc, Mr., le Cadet.","Le Clerc, Sr., Mr.","Hüe, L.","Pasquali, Nicolo, ca. 1718-1757","Paxton, Stephen, 1734-1787","Baker","Pellegrino, Ferdinando, ca. 1715-ca. 1766","Bertin, Mlle., fl. 1740-1763","Pesch, Carl August","Pichl, Wenzel, 1741-1805","Piombanti, Francesco","Thorowgood, Henry","Piozzi, Gabriele Mario, 1740-1809","Pleyel, Ignaz, 1757-1831","Lobry","Porta, Bernardo, 1758-1829","Nadermann, Barbe Rose Courtois, 1755-1839","Pugnani, Gaetano, 1731-1798","Frere","Ceron, Jean-Baptiste","Frères le Goux","Pujolas, J. H, d. 1806","Michot","Porthaux, Dominique","Raimondi, Ignazio, ca. 1735-1813","Ravenscroft, John, 17th cent.","Blavet, Michel, 1700-1768","Le Clerc, M.","Rousseau, Frédéric, 1755-1821","Rousseau Freres","d'Albaret, Comte","Sabatini, Giovanni Andrea, ca. 1740-ca. 1808","Sacchini, Antonio, 1730-1786","Fortier, B., fl. Ca. 1736-1740","Le Clerc, Le Sr.","Le Clerc, le cadet","Labassée, Mme.","Roberts, Henry, ca. 1710-ca. 1790","Schickhard, Johann Christian, ca. 1680-1762","Schwindl, Friedrich, 1737-1786","Hummel, Burchard, 1731-1797","Aprile, Giuseppe, 1732-1813","Vachon, Pierre, 1731-1803","Smith, Theodore, ca. 1740-ca. 1810","Solnitz, Anton Wilhelm, ca. 1708-1752 or 3","Spourni, Wenceslaus Joseph","Stamitz, Anton, b. 1750","Boyer, Charles-Georges","Le Menu, Made.","Stanley, John, 1712-1786","Tartini, Giuseppe, 1692-1770","Le Cène, Michel-Charles, 1683?-1743","Tessarini, Carlo, ca. 1690-ca.1766","Tibaldi, Giovanni Battista","Valentine, Robert, 1674-ca. 1735","Vanhal, Johann Baptist, 1739-1813","Weideman, Charles Frederick, d. 1782","Wendling, Johann Baptist, 1723-1797","Winter, Peter von, 1754-1825","Donald G. Henderson","Zannetti, Francesco, 1737-1788","Zappa, Francesco, fl. 1763-1788","Zuccari, Carlo, 1704-1792","The materials are in English and French"],"unitid_tesim":["mackay-smith"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexander Mackay-Smith Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexander Mackay-Smith Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Alexander Mackay-Smith Collection"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Music Library"],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Music Library"],"creator_ssm":["Alexander Mackay-Smith"],"creator_ssim":["Alexander Mackay-Smith"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["265 items"],"extent_tesim":["265 items"],"date_range_isim":[1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["List of Works Cited in Abbreviated Form"],"bibliography_tesim":["Bauer, Carla Christine . Michael Blavets Flötenmusik . Freiburg : Hochschule-Verlag , 1981 . B. [Handel] Bell, A. Craig . Handel: Chronological Thematic Catalogue . Darley : Grian-Aig Press , 1972 . B. [Pleyel] Benton, Rita . Ignace Pleyel: A Thematic Catalogue of His Compositions . New York : Pendragon Press , 1977 . B. [Tartini] Brainard, Paul . Le sonate per violino di Giuseppe Tartini: catalog tematico . Milan : Carisch , 1975 . BUCEM The British Union-Catalogue of Early Music Before the Year 1801: A Record of the Holdings of over One Hundred Libraries Throughout the British Isles . 2 vols. Edited by Edith B. Schnapper. London : Butterworths , 1957 . CPM The Catalogue of Printed Music in the British Library to 1980 . Edited by Laureen Baillie. London : K. G. Saur , 1981- Devriès, Anik . Édition et commerce de la musique graveée a Paris dans la première moitié du XVIIIe siècle: les Boivin, les Leclerc . Geneva : Minkoff , 1976 . Devriès-Lesure Devriès, Anik , and François Lesure . Dictionnaire des éditeurs de musique français . Geneva : Minkoff , 1979- D. Dounias, Minos . Die Volinkonzerte Giuseppe Tartinis . Munich : Druck der Salesianischen Offizin , 1935 . Fred, Herbert William . \" The Instrumental Music of Johann Christoph Pepusch .\" Ph.D. dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , 1961 . G. Gérard, Yves . Thematic, Bibliographical, and Critical Catalogue of the Works of Luigi Boccherini . London : Oxford University Press , 1969 . Haas, Otto . Catalogue No. 20: The Valuable Music Library formed by Alfred Moffat, Esq. London : Haas , [ 1944 ] . Hopkinson, Cecil . A Dictionary of Parisian Music Publishers, 1700-1950 . New York : Da Capo , 1979 (reprint of the London, 1954, ed.). Hob. Hoboken, Anthony van . Joseph Haydn: Thematisch-bibliographisches Werkverzeichnis . 3 vols. Mainz : B. Schott's Söhne , 1957-78 . Humphries-Smith Humphries, Charles , and William C. Smith . Music Publishing in the British Isles, from the Beginning until the Middle Part of the Nineteenth Century . 2nd ed. New York : Barnes \u0026 Noble , 1970 . J. Jenkins, Newell , and Bathia Churgin . Thematic Catalogue of the Works of Giovanni Battista Sammartini: Orchestral and Vocal Music . Cambridge, Mass. : Published for the American Musicological Society by Harvard University Press , 1976 . Johansson/French Johansson, Cari . French Music Publishers' Catalogues of the Second Half of the Eighteenth Century . 2 vols. Stockholm : Kungl . Musikaliska Akademiens bibliothek, 1955 . Johansson/Hummel Johansson, Cari . J. J. \u0026 B. Hummel Music-Publishing and Thematic Catalogues . 3 vols. Stockholm : Almquist \u0026 Wiksell , 1972 . Knape, Walter . Bibliographisch-thematisches Verzeichnis der Kompositionen von Karl Friedrich Abel . Cuxhaven : W. Knape , 1972 . K. Köchel, Ludwig, Ritter von . Chronologisch-thematisches Verzeichnis sämtlicher Tonwerke Wolfgang Amadé Mozarts . 6th ed., edited by Franz Giegling, Alexander Weinmann, and Gerd Sievers. Wiesbaden : Breitkopf \u0026 Härtel , 1964 . Lesure/Bibliographie Lesure, François . Bibliographie des éditions musicales publiées par Estienne Roger et Michel-Charles Le Cène, Amsterdam, 1696-1743 . Paris : Société française de musicologie , 1969 . Lesure/Catalogue Lesure, François , ed. Catalogue de la musique imprimée avant 1800 conservée dans les bibliotheques publiques de Paris . Paris : Bibliothèque Nationale , 1981 . Marx, Hans Joachim . Die Überlieferung der Werke Arcangelo Corellis: Catalogue rasionné . Cologne : Arno Volk Verlag , 1980 . The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians . Edited by Stanley Sadie. 20 vols. London : Macmillan , 1980 . The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd ed. . Edited by Stanley Sadie. 29 vols. London : Macmillan , 2001. . Priestman, Brian . \" Catalogue thématique des oeuvres de Jean-Baptiste, John et Jacques Loeillet ,\" Revue belge de musicologie , 6 ( 1952 ) , pp. 219-274. RISM Répertoire international des sources musicales, series A/I. Einzeldrucke vor 1801 . Edited by Karl-Heinz Schlager. 10 vols. Kassel : Bärenreiter , 1971-1981 . RISM B/II Répertoire international des sources musicales, series B, volume 2. Recueils imprimées . Edited by François Lesure. Munich : G. Henle , 1964 . Smith Smith, William Charles . A Bibliography of the Musical Works Published by John Walsh, During the Years 1695-1720 . London : The Bibliographical Society , 1948 . Smith/Handel Smith, William Charles . Handel: A Descriptive Catalogue of the Early Editions . 2nd edition. New York : Barnes \u0026 Noble , 1970 . Smith-Humphries Smith, William Charles , and Charles Humphries . A Bibliography of the Musical Works Published by the Firm of John Walsh During the Years 1721-1766 . London : The Bibliographical Society , 1968 . Terry, Charles Sanford . John Christian Bach . 2nd edition. London : Oxford University Press , 1967 . Vairasse, Denis . Histoire des Sevarambes . Nouvelle édition. Amsterdam : Estienne Roger , 1716 . Vol. 2, pp. 291-348: \" Catalogue d'un asortiment general de musique, qui se vend à Amsterdam par Estienne Roger \". Wotquenne, Alfred . Catalogue thématique des œuvres de Chr. W. v. Gluck . Leipzig : Breitkopf \u0026 Härtel , 1904 . Z. [Purcell] Zimmerman, Franklin B. Henry Purcell, 1659-1695: An Analytical Catalogue of His Music . New York : St. Martin's Press , 1963 . Z. [Pugnani] Zschinsky-Troxler, Elisabeth . Gaetano Pugnani, 1731-1798: ein Beitrag zur Stilerfassung italienischer Vorklassik . Berlin : Atlantis , 1939 ."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cbioghist\u003e\n            \u003chead\u003eIntroduction\u003c/head\u003e\n            \u003cblockquote\u003e\n               \u003cp\u003e\"The collection was not brought together by writing big checks to leading dealers. On the contrary it represents days and weeks spent in the bookstalls and shops of London, Paris and Berlin, thumbing over dust-laden stacks of music and piles of books. It represents many hours of study, many hundreds of letters. It was never the sort of collection gathered just for exhibition purposes, but a working library...\"\u003cref id=\"r1\" target=\"n1\"\u003e1\u003c/ref\u003e\n               \u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003c/blockquote\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eAlexander Mackay-Smith's \"working library\" today forms the nucleus of the University of Virginia's Music Library. The Mackay-Smith Collection, presented to the University in 1946, includes complete runs of what at that time constituted virtually all the major musicological journals, an impressive array of major reference works, bibliographies, printed library catalogues, monographs, and, above all, scores.\u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eThe collection's greatest strength is in contemporary editions of 18th-century instrumental music, particularly trio sonatas. An accomplished amateur violinist, Mackay-Smith acquired much of his chamber music for purely practical purposes. His chamber music partners included his brother, Carleton Sprague Smith, flutist and chief of the New York Public Library's Music Division from 1931 to 1943 and again from 1946 to 1959; Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge, pianist, composer, and patroness of music; and Constance Darden, violinist and violist, wife of the University of Virginia's President, Colgate Darden.\u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eThe majority of the works represented in this catalogue were purchased in Paris and London between 1928 and 1934. After graduating from Harvard in 1924, Mackay-Smith spent several years in Europe:\u003cblockquote\u003e\n                  \u003cp\u003eI bought my first early music from Harold Reeves in London in the summer of 1928 when I was able to acquire virtually all the 18th century editions, particularly of trio music, which he then had in stock, going back not only through his current but also through earlier catalogues, picking out numbers which remained unsold. It is almost a shame today to think of the prices at which such things were then available, one or two pounds apiece.\u003cref id=\"r2\" target=\"n2\"\u003e2\u003c/ref\u003e\n                  \u003c/p\u003e\n               \u003c/blockquote\u003e\n            \u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eOtto Haas, in Berlin and then later in London, was another source for much of the music described here. Following World War II, Mackay-Smith deposited his entire music collection with the University of Virginia Library:\u003cblockquote\u003e\n                  \u003cp\u003eThe University seemed like a logical place to deposit [it], since my children are descended from Thomas Jefferson; since, as you well know, Jefferson played the violin almost every day of his life...\u003cref id=\"r3\" target=\"n3\"\u003e3\u003c/ref\u003e\n                  \u003c/p\u003e\n               \u003c/blockquote\u003e\n               \u003cblockquote\u003e\n                  \u003cp\u003eIt is particularly fitting, I think, that the chamber music for violin which Thomas Jefferson so enjoyed playing should now be fully represented at the University which he founded.\u003cref id=\"r4\" target=\"n4\"\u003e4\u003c/ref\u003e\n                  \u003c/p\u003e\n               \u003c/blockquote\u003e\n            \u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eThe Mackay-Smith Collection in fact shows similarity to the music section of Jefferson's own catalogue of 1783. It is scarcely coincidental that the trio sonatas of Carlo Antonio Campioni (1720-1788), one of Jefferson's favorite composers, are especially well represented. Jefferson had at one point taken the trouble to transcribe some 38 incipits of works by Campioni already in his library, with a note in the margin to a London dealer asking for any other works he had also composed, \"Solos, Duets, or Trios. Printed copies would be preferred...\"\u003cref id=\"r5\" target=\"n5\"\u003e5\u003c/ref\u003e\n            \u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eIt was in much the same systematic fashion that Alexander Mackay-Smith developed his own collection of instrumental chamber music, with special emphasis on the trio sonata. A lawyer by profession, Mackay-Smith might also confess, as had Jefferson, that \"music is the favorite passion of my soul.\"\u003cref id=\"r6\" target=\"n6\"\u003e6\u003c/ref\u003eJefferson, however, had been forced to concede that \"fortune has cast my lot in a country where it is in a state of deplorable barbarism.\" That these circumstances no longer obtain is due in no small measure to the efforts of Alexander Mackay-Smith and other collectors like him.\u003c/p\u003e\n         \u003c/bioghist\u003e","\u003cbioghist\u003e\n            \u003chead\u003eEditorial Method\u003c/head\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eThe form of entry for each composer's name follows that in the Library of Congress authority file, where such an entry exists, or\u003cref target=\"NewGrove2\"\u003eThe New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd ed.\u003c/ref\u003e. In the case of composers whose works were first published during both the 18th and 19th centuries, only composers born before 1770 have been included. This is approximately the same criterion for inclusion in RISM Series A/I.\u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eA brief filing title is provided to facilitate browsing and ensure a logical and consistent sequence among entries. The form is essentially that established by the second edition of the\u003cbibref\u003e\n                  \u003ctitle\u003eAnglo-American Cataloguing Rules\u003c/title\u003e\n                  \u003cimprint\u003e(\u003cgeogname\u003eChicago\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eAmerican Library Association\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1979\u003c/date\u003e)\u003c/imprint\u003e\n               \u003c/bibref\u003e. A few minor exceptions have been adopted for the sake of both brevity and clarity.\u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eUnless otherwise indicated, all individual parts within a set have identical title-pages. The format (folio, quarto, etc.) is based on the number of times the original sheets of paper have been folded to make individual leaves.\u003cref id=\"r7\" target=\"n7\"\u003e7\u003c/ref\u003eThe terminology for the oblong formats is that suggested by D. W. Krummel.\u003cref id=\"r8\" target=\"n8\"\u003e8\u003c/ref\u003eTwo sets of dimensions are given for all engraved title-pages: the first represents the imaginary rectangle that would enclose all elements of the engraved surface; the second measurement, in parentheses, represents the plate mark. The names of individual parts are transcribed exactly as they appear on the parts themselves, usually as running heads. The system used for describing pagination has been taken from Cecil Hopkinson's various bibliographies of Berlioz, Gluck, Puccini, etc., and is self-explanatory. No attemp has been made to collate gatherings.\u003cref id=\"r9\" target=\"n9\"\u003e9\u003c/ref\u003e\n            \u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eThe title of each work and its sequence of movements and keys are transcribed as they appear on the first part listed in the work's contents. Any exceptions to this, the primary source of information, are specifically noted in square brackets.\u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eFor dates, the terminology used is that recommended by the\u003cbibref\u003e\n                  \u003ctitle\u003eInternational Association of Music Libraries' Guide for Dating Early Published Music\u003c/title\u003e\n               \u003c/bibref\u003e.\u003cref id=\"r10\" target=\"n10\"\u003e10\u003c/ref\u003eWhenever possible, dates of issue are provided; for lack of sufficient evidence, however, most dates in this catalogue must be considered dates of editions.\u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eAll citation to the Répertoire international des sources musicales, unless otherwise noted, are to\u003cbibref\u003eSeries A/I, Einzeldrucke vor 1801, edited by Karl-Heinz Schlager (Kassel: Bärenreiter, 1971-1981)\u003c/bibref\u003e. If the Mackay-Smith exemplar differs significantly from the entry appearing in RISM, discrepancies are noted in parentheses following the RISM number.\u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eThe dates that appear at the end of many of the call numbers derive from the original cataloguing of the collection at the University of Virginia in the late 1940s. Although an integral part of the call number, they have no significance in and of themselves.\u003c/p\u003e\n         \u003c/bioghist\u003e","\u003cbioghist\u003e\n            \u003chead\u003eNotes\u003c/head\u003e\n            \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n1\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r1\"\u003e1\u003c/ref\u003eAlexender Mackay-Smith to Stephen Tuttle, Professor of Music, 16 July 1948, Mackay-Smith papers, Alderman Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n2\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r2\"\u003e2\u003c/ref\u003eMackay-Smith to Jean Bonin, Music Librarian, 30 July 1974.\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n3\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r3\"\u003e3\u003c/ref\u003eIbid.\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n4\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r4\"\u003e4\u003c/ref\u003eMackay-Smith to Tuttle, 16 July 1948.\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n5\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r5\"\u003e5\u003c/ref\u003eBoth the music section of the 1783 catalogue and the Campioni incipits (undated) are reproduced and transcribed in Carolyn Galbraith Nolan's \"Thomas Jefferson, Gentleman Musician\" (M.A. thesis, University of Virginia, 1967). Nolan's transcriptions of the catalogue also appears in Helen Cripe's Thomas Jefferson and Music (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1974), pp. 97-104.\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n6\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r6\"\u003e6\u003c/ref\u003eThomas Jefferson to Giovanni Fabbroni, 8 June 1778, in\u003cbibref\u003e\n                     \u003ctitle\u003eThe Papers of Thomas Jefferson\u003c/title\u003e,\u003cimprint\u003eedited by Julian Boyden, v. 2 (\u003cgeogname\u003ePrinceton\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003ePrinceton University Press\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1950\u003c/date\u003e)\u003c/imprint\u003e, p. 196\u003c/bibref\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n7\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r7\"\u003e7\u003c/ref\u003eSee\u003cbibref\u003e\n                     \u003cpersname\u003eRonald B. McKerrow\u003c/persname\u003e,\u003ctitle\u003eAn Introduction to Bibliography\u003c/title\u003e(\u003cimprint\u003e\n                        \u003cgeogname\u003eOxford\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eClarendon Press\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1927\u003c/date\u003e\n                     \u003c/imprint\u003e), pp. 164-174\u003c/bibref\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n8\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r8\"\u003e8\u003c/ref\u003e\n                  \u003cbibref\u003e\n                     \u003cpersname\u003eD. W. Krummel\u003c/persname\u003e, \"\u003ctitle\u003eOblong Format in Early Music Books\u003c/title\u003e,\"\u003ctitle\u003eThe Library\u003c/title\u003e,\u003cimprint\u003e5th series, 26 (\u003cdate\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e)\u003c/imprint\u003e, pp. 312-324\u003c/bibref\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n9\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r9\"\u003e9\u003c/ref\u003eAs Krummel has pointed out, the leaves of most engraved music after 1700 are gathered either singly or in twos (\u003cbibref\u003e\"\u003ctitle\u003eBibliography of Music\u003c/title\u003e,\"\u003ctitle\u003eThe New Grove\u003c/title\u003e,\u003cimprint\u003ev. 2\u003c/imprint\u003e\n                  \u003c/bibref\u003e, p. 683) \"and the important changes in text usually took place on the plates, making the assembly largely irrelevant for textual work.\" (\u003cbibref\u003e\"\u003ctitle\u003eMusical Functions and Bibliographical Forms\u003c/title\u003e,\"\u003ctitle\u003eThe Library\u003c/title\u003e,\u003cimprint\u003e5th series, 31 [\u003cdate\u003e1976\u003c/date\u003e]\u003c/imprint\u003e, p. 337\u003c/bibref\u003e).\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n10\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r10\"\u003e10\u003c/ref\u003e\n                  \u003cbibref\u003eCompiled by\u003cpersname\u003eD. W. Krummel\u003c/persname\u003e\n                     \u003cimprint\u003e(\u003cgeogname\u003eHackensack, N.J.\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eJoseph Boonin\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1974\u003c/date\u003e)\u003c/imprint\u003e\n                  \u003c/bibref\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n            \u003c/list\u003e\n         \u003c/bioghist\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Introduction \"The collection was not brought together by writing big checks to leading dealers. On the contrary it represents days and weeks spent in the bookstalls and shops of London, Paris and Berlin, thumbing over dust-laden stacks of music and piles of books. It represents many hours of study, many hundreds of letters. It was never the sort of collection gathered just for exhibition purposes, but a working library...\" 1 Alexander Mackay-Smith's \"working library\" today forms the nucleus of the University of Virginia's Music Library. The Mackay-Smith Collection, presented to the University in 1946, includes complete runs of what at that time constituted virtually all the major musicological journals, an impressive array of major reference works, bibliographies, printed library catalogues, monographs, and, above all, scores. The collection's greatest strength is in contemporary editions of 18th-century instrumental music, particularly trio sonatas. An accomplished amateur violinist, Mackay-Smith acquired much of his chamber music for purely practical purposes. His chamber music partners included his brother, Carleton Sprague Smith, flutist and chief of the New York Public Library's Music Division from 1931 to 1943 and again from 1946 to 1959; Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge, pianist, composer, and patroness of music; and Constance Darden, violinist and violist, wife of the University of Virginia's President, Colgate Darden. The majority of the works represented in this catalogue were purchased in Paris and London between 1928 and 1934. After graduating from Harvard in 1924, Mackay-Smith spent several years in Europe: I bought my first early music from Harold Reeves in London in the summer of 1928 when I was able to acquire virtually all the 18th century editions, particularly of trio music, which he then had in stock, going back not only through his current but also through earlier catalogues, picking out numbers which remained unsold. It is almost a shame today to think of the prices at which such things were then available, one or two pounds apiece. 2 Otto Haas, in Berlin and then later in London, was another source for much of the music described here. Following World War II, Mackay-Smith deposited his entire music collection with the University of Virginia Library: The University seemed like a logical place to deposit [it], since my children are descended from Thomas Jefferson; since, as you well know, Jefferson played the violin almost every day of his life... 3 It is particularly fitting, I think, that the chamber music for violin which Thomas Jefferson so enjoyed playing should now be fully represented at the University which he founded. 4 The Mackay-Smith Collection in fact shows similarity to the music section of Jefferson's own catalogue of 1783. It is scarcely coincidental that the trio sonatas of Carlo Antonio Campioni (1720-1788), one of Jefferson's favorite composers, are especially well represented. Jefferson had at one point taken the trouble to transcribe some 38 incipits of works by Campioni already in his library, with a note in the margin to a London dealer asking for any other works he had also composed, \"Solos, Duets, or Trios. Printed copies would be preferred...\" 5 It was in much the same systematic fashion that Alexander Mackay-Smith developed his own collection of instrumental chamber music, with special emphasis on the trio sonata. A lawyer by profession, Mackay-Smith might also confess, as had Jefferson, that \"music is the favorite passion of my soul.\" 6 Jefferson, however, had been forced to concede that \"fortune has cast my lot in a country where it is in a state of deplorable barbarism.\" That these circumstances no longer obtain is due in no small measure to the efforts of Alexander Mackay-Smith and other collectors like him.","Editorial Method The form of entry for each composer's name follows that in the Library of Congress authority file, where such an entry exists, or The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd ed. . In the case of composers whose works were first published during both the 18th and 19th centuries, only composers born before 1770 have been included. This is approximately the same criterion for inclusion in RISM Series A/I. A brief filing title is provided to facilitate browsing and ensure a logical and consistent sequence among entries. The form is essentially that established by the second edition of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules ( Chicago : American Library Association , 1979 ) . A few minor exceptions have been adopted for the sake of both brevity and clarity. Unless otherwise indicated, all individual parts within a set have identical title-pages. The format (folio, quarto, etc.) is based on the number of times the original sheets of paper have been folded to make individual leaves. 7 The terminology for the oblong formats is that suggested by D. W. Krummel. 8 Two sets of dimensions are given for all engraved title-pages: the first represents the imaginary rectangle that would enclose all elements of the engraved surface; the second measurement, in parentheses, represents the plate mark. The names of individual parts are transcribed exactly as they appear on the parts themselves, usually as running heads. The system used for describing pagination has been taken from Cecil Hopkinson's various bibliographies of Berlioz, Gluck, Puccini, etc., and is self-explanatory. No attemp has been made to collate gatherings. 9 The title of each work and its sequence of movements and keys are transcribed as they appear on the first part listed in the work's contents. Any exceptions to this, the primary source of information, are specifically noted in square brackets. For dates, the terminology used is that recommended by the International Association of Music Libraries' Guide for Dating Early Published Music . 10 Whenever possible, dates of issue are provided; for lack of sufficient evidence, however, most dates in this catalogue must be considered dates of editions. All citation to the Répertoire international des sources musicales, unless otherwise noted, are to Series A/I, Einzeldrucke vor 1801, edited by Karl-Heinz Schlager (Kassel: Bärenreiter, 1971-1981) . If the Mackay-Smith exemplar differs significantly from the entry appearing in RISM, discrepancies are noted in parentheses following the RISM number. The dates that appear at the end of many of the call numbers derive from the original cataloguing of the collection at the University of Virginia in the late 1940s. Although an integral part of the call number, they have no significance in and of themselves.","Notes 1 Alexender Mackay-Smith to Stephen Tuttle, Professor of Music, 16 July 1948, Mackay-Smith papers, Alderman Library, University of Virginia. 2 Mackay-Smith to Jean Bonin, Music Librarian, 30 July 1974. 3 Ibid. 4 Mackay-Smith to Tuttle, 16 July 1948. 5 Both the music section of the 1783 catalogue and the Campioni incipits (undated) are reproduced and transcribed in Carolyn Galbraith Nolan's \"Thomas Jefferson, Gentleman Musician\" (M.A. thesis, University of Virginia, 1967). Nolan's transcriptions of the catalogue also appears in Helen Cripe's Thomas Jefferson and Music (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1974), pp. 97-104. 6 Thomas Jefferson to Giovanni Fabbroni, 8 June 1778, in The Papers of Thomas Jefferson , edited by Julian Boyden, v. 2 ( Princeton : Princeton University Press , 1950 ) , p. 196 . 7 See Ronald B. McKerrow , An Introduction to Bibliography ( Oxford : Clarendon Press , 1927 ), pp. 164-174 . 8 D. W. Krummel , \" Oblong Format in Early Music Books ,\" The Library , 5th series, 26 ( 1971 ) , pp. 312-324 . 9 As Krummel has pointed out, the leaves of most engraved music after 1700 are gathered either singly or in twos ( \" Bibliography of Music ,\" The New Grove , v. 2 , p. 683) \"and the important changes in text usually took place on the plates, making the assembly largely irrelevant for textual work.\" ( \" Musical Functions and Bibliographical Forms ,\" The Library , 5th series, 31 [ 1976 ] , p. 337 ). 10 Compiled by D. W. Krummel ( Hackensack, N.J. : Joseph Boonin , 1974 ) ."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract\u003eThe Mackay-Smith Collection's greatest strength is in contemporary editions of 18th-century instrumental music, particularly trio sonatas. The collection shows similarity to the music section of Jefferson's catalogue of 1783. The trio sonatas of Carlo Antonio Campioni (1720-1788), one of Jefferson's favorite composers, are especially well represented.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Mackay-Smith Collection's greatest strength is in contemporary editions of 18th-century instrumental music, particularly trio sonatas. The collection shows similarity to the music section of Jefferson's catalogue of 1783. The trio sonatas of Carlo Antonio Campioni (1720-1788), one of Jefferson's favorite composers, are especially well represented."],"names_ssim":["University of Virginia. Small Special Collections Library","Harp and Hoboy","Longman \u0026 Co.","Welcker's Musick Shop","Harp and Hautboy","Harp and Crown","Simpsons Musick Shop","Viol and Flute","Janet et Cotelle","Golden Viol and Flute","Violin and Lute","Mr. Forsters Music Shop","Mme. Duhan et Cie.","Orpheus (Firm)","Golden Harp","Golden Viol","Règle d'Or","Croix d'Or","Longman and Broderip [London, England]","Simpson's Musick Shop","Golden Bass","Musique royale [Firm]","Grand magazine de musique","Handel's Head","Bass Viol \u0026 Flute","Longman, Lukey \u0026 Co.","Charles \u0026 Samuel Thompson","Thompson \u0026 Son","Conservatoire de Musique [France]","Straight \u0026 Skillern","Chales \u0026 Samuel Thompson","Comédie Françoise","Longman, Lukey \u0026 Broderip","John and Joseph Hare","Lyre and Owl","Monzani \u0026 Cimador","Corri, Dussek \u0026 Co.","J. Longman \u0026 Co. [London, England]","Breitkopf \u0026 Härtel","Ronald B. McKerrow","D. W. Krummel","Bauer, Carla Christine","Bell, A. Craig","Benton, Rita","Brainard, Paul","Devriès, Anik","François Lesure","Dounias, Minos","Fred, Herbert William","Gérard, Yves","Haas, Otto","Hopkinson, Cecil","Hoboken, Anthony van","Humphries, Charles","William C. Smith","Jenkins, Newell","Bathia Churgin","Johansson, Cari","Knape, Walter","Köchel, Ludwig, Ritter von","Lesure, François","Marx, Hans Joachim","Priestman, Brian","Smith, William Charles","Charles Humphries","Terry, Charles Sanford","Vairasse, Denis","Wotquenne, Alfred","Zimmerman, Franklin B.","Zschinsky-Troxler, Elisabeth","Abel, Karl Friedrich, 1723-1787","Napier, William, 1740?-1812","Bremner, Robert, d. 1789","Agus, Giuseppe","Welcker, John","Alberti, Pietro","Roger, Estienne, 1665-1722","Albertini, Giuseppe","Hummell, A.","Albicastro, Henricus","Albinoni, Tomaso, 1671-1750","Walsh, John, 1665 or 6-1736","Alcock, John, 1715-1806","Androux, Giovanni Giacomo","Welcker, Peter, d. 1775","Arne, Thomas Augustine, 1710-1778","Oliver y Astorga, Juan, 1733 or 4-1830","Avison, Charles, 1709-1770","Scarlatti, Domenico, 1685-1757","Denson, R.","Barber, Joseph","Richard Newton","Jack Lee Cassingham","Johnson, John, fl. 1754-1770","Phillips, John","Phillips, Sarah","Bach, Johann Christian, 1735-1782","Hummel, Johann Julius, 1728-1798","Barbandt, Charles","Barbella, Emanuele, 1718-1777","Barthélemon, F. H. (François-Hippolyte), 1741-1808","Bates, William, fl. 1750-1780","Cox, John","Beretti, Pietro","Besozzi, Antonio, 1714-1781","Besozzi, Paolo Girolamo, 1704-1778","Besozzi, Alessandro, 1702-1793","Canavasse, Mr.","Castagneri, Andrea","Guersan, Louis, ca. 1700-1770","Estien, Mlle.","Bianchi, Giovanni, b. ca. 1660","Bitti, Martino","Hare, John, d. 1725","Blake, Benjamin, 1751-1827","Boccherini, Luigi, 1743-1805","Imbault, Jean Jérôme","Leduc, Auguste (Antoine-Pierre-Auguste), 1779-1823","Naderman, Jean-Henri, 1735-1799","Bononcini, Giovanni, 1670-1747","Bonporti, Francesco Antonio, 1672-1749","Randall, Peter, fl. ca. 1706-1710","Borghi, Luigi, b. ca. 1745","Boyce, William, 1711-1779","Bréval, J. B. (Jean Baptiste), 1753-1823","Forster, William","Brioschi, Antonio, fl. 1730-1750","Bruni, Antonio Bartolomeo, 1757-1821","Sieber, Jean-George, 1738-1822","Campioni, Carlo Antonio, 1720-1788","Randall, William, d. 1776","Constantin Floros","Carbonelli, Giovanni Stefano, d. 1772","Carelio, Antonio","Cervetto, Giacobbe, 1682-1783","Churchill, William, fl. 1785-1795","Preston, J.","Preston, John","Smith","Ciampi, Vincenzo Legrenzio, 1719-1762","Dennis Libby","Cirri, Giovanni Battista, 1724-1808","Owain Edwards","Clementi, Muzio, 1752-1832","Corbett, William, 1675-1748","Pippard, L. (Luke)","Corelli, Arcangelo, 1653-1713","Cooke, Benjamin","Pepusch, John Christopher, 1667-1752","Cross, Thomas, ca. 1660-ca. 1735","Cramer, Wilhelm, 1746-1799","Bérault, Madame","Casteau","Sieber, Marie Julie Regnaud","Croes, Hendrik-Jacques de","Boivin, Mme. (Elisabeth-Catherine Ballard), d. 1776","Le Clerc, Jean-Pantaléon, d. 1759","Michelon, Mlle.","Devienne, François, 1759-1803","Ribiere","Dolphin","Godfroy, M.","Seaunier, M.","Dôthel, Niccolò, 1721-1810","Hallet, Benjamin","Oswald, James, 1710-1769","Frank Kidson","Duni, Egidio, 1708-1775","Dufour","Duport, Jean-Pierre, 1741-1818","La Chevardière, Louis Balthazard de, 1730-1812","Oger, Madame","Eichner, Ernst, 1740-1777","Ferrari, Carlo, 1714-1790","Vendôme, Marie-Charlotte","Ferrari, Domenico, 1722-1780","Virginia Downman Kock","Festing, Michael Christian, d. 1752","Smith, William, fl. 1720-1763","Filtz, Johann Anton, 1733-1760","Charpentier, P. L. (Pierre Laurent)","Fiorillo, Federigo, 1755-ca. 1823","Fisher, F. E.","Florio, Pietro Grassi, d. 1795","Whitaker, Maurice","Freake, John George","Galeotti, Salvatore, fl. 1760-1770","Lidarti, Christian Joseph, b. 1730","Galeotti, Stefano, ca. 1723-ca. 1790","Galeotti, Stefano, ca. 1723-ca.1790","Gallo, Alberto","Bayard, Marc, d. 1782","Castagnery, Mlle. (Marie-Anne), 1722-1782","Le Clerc, Mr.","Gallo, Domencio, 18th cent.","Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista, 1710-1736","Marvin E. Paymer","Charles L. Cudworth","Geminiani, Francesco, 1687-1762","Barsanti, Francesco, 1690-1772","Giardini, Felice, 1716-1796","Le Menu, Christophe, d. 1774","De Brotonne, Étienne, ca. 1707-1757","Vernadé, Claude, 1712-1786","Birchall, Robert, d. 1819","Saint Germain, comte de, d. 1784","Gluck, Christoph Willibald, Ritter von, 1714-1787","Simpson, J.","Graaf, Christiaan Ernst, 1723-1804","Graeff, Johann Georg","Lavenu, Lewis, d. 1818","Grenser, Johan Fredrik, d. 1795","Grezner, Johann Friedrich","Guerini, Francesco, fl. 1740-1770","Handel, George Frideric, 1685-1759","Bassani, Giovanni Battista, ca. 1650-1716","Pez, Joh. Chr. (Johann Christoph), 1664-1716","Purcell, Henry, 1659-1695","Torelli, Giuseppe, 1658-1709","Hasse, Johann Adolf, 1699-1783","Haydn, Joseph, 1732-1809","Kerpen, John","Haydn, Michael, 1737-1806","Hubert Unverricht","Hickes, George, 1642-1715","King","Hook, Mr. (James), 1746-1827","Humble, Maximilian","Humphries, John, ca. 1707-ca. 1740","William S. Newman","Jackson, Joseph, 18 th cent.","Jackson, Joseph, Mrs.","Jadin, Hyacinthe","Vératé, Mlle.","Carcani, sigr., 1703-1779","Jommelli, Nicolò, 1714-1774","Sammartini, Giovanni Battista, 1700 (ca.)-1775","Boivin, Mme. (Elisabeth-Catherine Ballard), d. s1776","Chinzer, Giuseppe, fl. 1745","Kammel, Antonín, b. 1730","Kelly, Thomas Alexander Erskine, Earl of, 1732-1781","Klöffler, Johann Friedrich, 1725-1790","Lampugnani, Giovanni Battista, 1706-ca. 1786","Simpson, John, fl. 1734-1749","Lanzetti, Salvatore, 1710-ca. 1780","Lapis, Santo, fl. 1725-1764","Mol, Pieter","Lates, James, ca. 1740-1777","Leclair, Jean-Marie, 1697-1764","Boivin, François, d. 1733","Le clerc, Le Sr.","Roussel, Louise Anne Renard","Leclair, Louise Catherine Roussel, b. 1700","Lidl, Andreas, ca. 1740-ca. 1788","Skillern, T. (Thomas), fl. 1777-1802","Lœillet, Jean Baptiste, b. 1688","Lolli, Antonio, ca. 1725-1802","Bailleux, Antoine, d. 1791","Brunet, Mr.","Castaud, Jean-Antoine, b. 1714","Lobry, Mme.","Magnian, G.","Maldere, Pierre van, 1729-1768","Marais, Marin, 1656-1728","Bonneuil, Hiérosme, fl. 1671-1701","Trouvain","Marjolin, L. A.","Martin, François, 1727-1757","Le Clerc, Charles-Nicolas, 1697-1774","Laymon, Mademoiselle, fl. 1743-1752","Mascitti, Michele, 1663 or 1664-1760","Menesini, Bartolomeo","Fougt, Henric, 1720-1782","Morigi, Angelo, 1725-1801","Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 1756-1791","Nardini, Pietro, 1722-1793","Noferi, Giovan Battista, 18 th cent.","Nussen, Frederick","Paganelli, Giuseppe Antonio, 1710-ca. 1763","Le Clerc, Mr., le Cadet.","Le Clerc, Sr., Mr.","Hüe, L.","Pasquali, Nicolo, ca. 1718-1757","Paxton, Stephen, 1734-1787","Baker","Pellegrino, Ferdinando, ca. 1715-ca. 1766","Bertin, Mlle., fl. 1740-1763","Pesch, Carl August","Pichl, Wenzel, 1741-1805","Piombanti, Francesco","Thorowgood, Henry","Piozzi, Gabriele Mario, 1740-1809","Pleyel, Ignaz, 1757-1831","Lobry","Porta, Bernardo, 1758-1829","Nadermann, Barbe Rose Courtois, 1755-1839","Pugnani, Gaetano, 1731-1798","Frere","Ceron, Jean-Baptiste","Frères le Goux","Pujolas, J. H, d. 1806","Michot","Porthaux, Dominique","Raimondi, Ignazio, ca. 1735-1813","Ravenscroft, John, 17th cent.","Blavet, Michel, 1700-1768","Le Clerc, M.","Rousseau, Frédéric, 1755-1821","Rousseau Freres","d'Albaret, Comte","Sabatini, Giovanni Andrea, ca. 1740-ca. 1808","Sacchini, Antonio, 1730-1786","Fortier, B., fl. Ca. 1736-1740","Le Clerc, Le Sr.","Le Clerc, le cadet","Labassée, Mme.","Roberts, Henry, ca. 1710-ca. 1790","Schickhard, Johann Christian, ca. 1680-1762","Schwindl, Friedrich, 1737-1786","Hummel, Burchard, 1731-1797","Aprile, Giuseppe, 1732-1813","Vachon, Pierre, 1731-1803","Smith, Theodore, ca. 1740-ca. 1810","Solnitz, Anton Wilhelm, ca. 1708-1752 or 3","Spourni, Wenceslaus Joseph","Stamitz, Anton, b. 1750","Boyer, Charles-Georges","Le Menu, Made.","Stanley, John, 1712-1786","Tartini, Giuseppe, 1692-1770","Le Cène, Michel-Charles, 1683?-1743","Tessarini, Carlo, ca. 1690-ca.1766","Tibaldi, Giovanni Battista","Valentine, Robert, 1674-ca. 1735","Vanhal, Johann Baptist, 1739-1813","Weideman, Charles Frederick, d. 1782","Wendling, Johann Baptist, 1723-1797","Winter, Peter von, 1754-1825","Donald G. Henderson","Zannetti, Francesco, 1737-1788","Zappa, Francesco, fl. 1763-1788","Zuccari, Carlo, 1704-1792"],"corpname_ssim":["University of Virginia. Small Special Collections Library","Harp and Hoboy","Longman \u0026 Co.","Welcker's Musick Shop","Harp and Hautboy","Harp and Crown","Simpsons Musick Shop","Viol and Flute","Janet et Cotelle","Golden Viol and Flute","Violin and Lute","Mr. Forsters Music Shop","Mme. Duhan et Cie.","Orpheus (Firm)","Golden Harp","Golden Viol","Règle d'Or","Croix d'Or","Longman and Broderip [London, England]","Simpson's Musick Shop","Golden Bass","Musique royale [Firm]","Grand magazine de musique","Handel's Head","Bass Viol \u0026 Flute","Longman, Lukey \u0026 Co.","Charles \u0026 Samuel Thompson","Thompson \u0026 Son","Conservatoire de Musique [France]","Straight \u0026 Skillern","Chales \u0026 Samuel Thompson","Comédie Françoise","Longman, Lukey \u0026 Broderip","John and Joseph Hare","Lyre and Owl","Monzani \u0026 Cimador","Corri, Dussek \u0026 Co.","J. Longman \u0026 Co. [London, England]","Breitkopf \u0026 Härtel"],"persname_ssim":["Ronald B. McKerrow","D. W. Krummel","Bauer, Carla Christine","Bell, A. Craig","Benton, Rita","Brainard, Paul","Devriès, Anik","François Lesure","Dounias, Minos","Fred, Herbert William","Gérard, Yves","Haas, Otto","Hopkinson, Cecil","Hoboken, Anthony van","Humphries, Charles","William C. Smith","Jenkins, Newell","Bathia Churgin","Johansson, Cari","Knape, Walter","Köchel, Ludwig, Ritter von","Lesure, François","Marx, Hans Joachim","Priestman, Brian","Smith, William Charles","Charles Humphries","Terry, Charles Sanford","Vairasse, Denis","Wotquenne, Alfred","Zimmerman, Franklin B.","Zschinsky-Troxler, Elisabeth","Abel, Karl Friedrich, 1723-1787","Napier, William, 1740?-1812","Bremner, Robert, d. 1789","Agus, Giuseppe","Welcker, John","Alberti, Pietro","Roger, Estienne, 1665-1722","Albertini, Giuseppe","Hummell, A.","Albicastro, Henricus","Albinoni, Tomaso, 1671-1750","Walsh, John, 1665 or 6-1736","Alcock, John, 1715-1806","Androux, Giovanni Giacomo","Welcker, Peter, d. 1775","Arne, Thomas Augustine, 1710-1778","Oliver y Astorga, Juan, 1733 or 4-1830","Avison, Charles, 1709-1770","Scarlatti, Domenico, 1685-1757","Denson, R.","Barber, Joseph","Richard Newton","Jack Lee Cassingham","Johnson, John, fl. 1754-1770","Phillips, John","Phillips, Sarah","Bach, Johann Christian, 1735-1782","Hummel, Johann Julius, 1728-1798","Barbandt, Charles","Barbella, Emanuele, 1718-1777","Barthélemon, F. H. (François-Hippolyte), 1741-1808","Bates, William, fl. 1750-1780","Cox, John","Beretti, Pietro","Besozzi, Antonio, 1714-1781","Besozzi, Paolo Girolamo, 1704-1778","Besozzi, Alessandro, 1702-1793","Canavasse, Mr.","Castagneri, Andrea","Guersan, Louis, ca. 1700-1770","Estien, Mlle.","Bianchi, Giovanni, b. ca. 1660","Bitti, Martino","Hare, John, d. 1725","Blake, Benjamin, 1751-1827","Boccherini, Luigi, 1743-1805","Imbault, Jean Jérôme","Leduc, Auguste (Antoine-Pierre-Auguste), 1779-1823","Naderman, Jean-Henri, 1735-1799","Bononcini, Giovanni, 1670-1747","Bonporti, Francesco Antonio, 1672-1749","Randall, Peter, fl. ca. 1706-1710","Borghi, Luigi, b. ca. 1745","Boyce, William, 1711-1779","Bréval, J. B. (Jean Baptiste), 1753-1823","Forster, William","Brioschi, Antonio, fl. 1730-1750","Bruni, Antonio Bartolomeo, 1757-1821","Sieber, Jean-George, 1738-1822","Campioni, Carlo Antonio, 1720-1788","Randall, William, d. 1776","Constantin Floros","Carbonelli, Giovanni Stefano, d. 1772","Carelio, Antonio","Cervetto, Giacobbe, 1682-1783","Churchill, William, fl. 1785-1795","Preston, J.","Preston, John","Smith","Ciampi, Vincenzo Legrenzio, 1719-1762","Dennis Libby","Cirri, Giovanni Battista, 1724-1808","Owain Edwards","Clementi, Muzio, 1752-1832","Corbett, William, 1675-1748","Pippard, L. (Luke)","Corelli, Arcangelo, 1653-1713","Cooke, Benjamin","Pepusch, John Christopher, 1667-1752","Cross, Thomas, ca. 1660-ca. 1735","Cramer, Wilhelm, 1746-1799","Bérault, Madame","Casteau","Sieber, Marie Julie Regnaud","Croes, Hendrik-Jacques de","Boivin, Mme. 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E.","Florio, Pietro Grassi, d. 1795","Whitaker, Maurice","Freake, John George","Galeotti, Salvatore, fl. 1760-1770","Lidarti, Christian Joseph, b. 1730","Galeotti, Stefano, ca. 1723-ca. 1790","Galeotti, Stefano, ca. 1723-ca.1790","Gallo, Alberto","Bayard, Marc, d. 1782","Castagnery, Mlle. (Marie-Anne), 1722-1782","Le Clerc, Mr.","Gallo, Domencio, 18th cent.","Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista, 1710-1736","Marvin E. Paymer","Charles L. 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(Thomas), fl. 1777-1802","Lœillet, Jean Baptiste, b. 1688","Lolli, Antonio, ca. 1725-1802","Bailleux, Antoine, d. 1791","Brunet, Mr.","Castaud, Jean-Antoine, b. 1714","Lobry, Mme.","Magnian, G.","Maldere, Pierre van, 1729-1768","Marais, Marin, 1656-1728","Bonneuil, Hiérosme, fl. 1671-1701","Trouvain","Marjolin, L. A.","Martin, François, 1727-1757","Le Clerc, Charles-Nicolas, 1697-1774","Laymon, Mademoiselle, fl. 1743-1752","Mascitti, Michele, 1663 or 1664-1760","Menesini, Bartolomeo","Fougt, Henric, 1720-1782","Morigi, Angelo, 1725-1801","Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 1756-1791","Nardini, Pietro, 1722-1793","Noferi, Giovan Battista, 18 th cent.","Nussen, Frederick","Paganelli, Giuseppe Antonio, 1710-ca. 1763","Le Clerc, Mr., le Cadet.","Le Clerc, Sr., Mr.","Hüe, L.","Pasquali, Nicolo, ca. 1718-1757","Paxton, Stephen, 1734-1787","Baker","Pellegrino, Ferdinando, ca. 1715-ca. 1766","Bertin, Mlle., fl. 1740-1763","Pesch, Carl August","Pichl, Wenzel, 1741-1805","Piombanti, Francesco","Thorowgood, Henry","Piozzi, Gabriele Mario, 1740-1809","Pleyel, Ignaz, 1757-1831","Lobry","Porta, Bernardo, 1758-1829","Nadermann, Barbe Rose Courtois, 1755-1839","Pugnani, Gaetano, 1731-1798","Frere","Ceron, Jean-Baptiste","Frères le Goux","Pujolas, J. H, d. 1806","Michot","Porthaux, Dominique","Raimondi, Ignazio, ca. 1735-1813","Ravenscroft, John, 17th cent.","Blavet, Michel, 1700-1768","Le Clerc, M.","Rousseau, Frédéric, 1755-1821","Rousseau Freres","d'Albaret, Comte","Sabatini, Giovanni Andrea, ca. 1740-ca. 1808","Sacchini, Antonio, 1730-1786","Fortier, B., fl. Ca. 1736-1740","Le Clerc, Le Sr.","Le Clerc, le cadet","Labassée, Mme.","Roberts, Henry, ca. 1710-ca. 1790","Schickhard, Johann Christian, ca. 1680-1762","Schwindl, Friedrich, 1737-1786","Hummel, Burchard, 1731-1797","Aprile, Giuseppe, 1732-1813","Vachon, Pierre, 1731-1803","Smith, Theodore, ca. 1740-ca. 1810","Solnitz, Anton Wilhelm, ca. 1708-1752 or 3","Spourni, Wenceslaus Joseph","Stamitz, Anton, b. 1750","Boyer, Charles-Georges","Le Menu, Made.","Stanley, John, 1712-1786","Tartini, Giuseppe, 1692-1770","Le Cène, Michel-Charles, 1683?-1743","Tessarini, Carlo, ca. 1690-ca.1766","Tibaldi, Giovanni Battista","Valentine, Robert, 1674-ca. 1735","Vanhal, Johann Baptist, 1739-1813","Weideman, Charles Frederick, d. 1782","Wendling, Johann Baptist, 1723-1797","Winter, Peter von, 1754-1825","Donald G. Henderson","Zannetti, Francesco, 1737-1788","Zappa, Francesco, fl. 1763-1788","Zuccari, Carlo, 1704-1792"],"language_ssim":["The materials are in English and French"],"total_component_count_is":984,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:28.745Z","bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003ctable\u003e\n            \u003ctgroup cols=\"2\"\u003e\n               \u003ctbody\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Bauer\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eBauer, Carla Christine\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eMichael Blavets Flötenmusik\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eFreiburg\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eHochschule-Verlag\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1981\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eB. 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1700-1950\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eNew York\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eDa Capo\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1979\u003c/date\u003e(reprint of the London, 1954, ed.).\u003c/imprint\u003e\n                        \u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eHob.\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Hob\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eHoboken, Anthony van\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eJoseph Haydn: Thematisch-bibliographisches Werkverzeichnis\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e3 vols.\u003cgeogname\u003eMainz\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eB. Schott's Söhne\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1957-78\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eHumphries-Smith\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Humphries-Smith\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eHumphries, Charles\u003c/persname\u003e, and\u003cpersname\u003eWilliam C. Smith\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eMusic Publishing in the British Isles, from the Beginning until the Middle Part of the Nineteenth Century\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e2nd ed.\u003cgeogname\u003eNew York\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eBarnes \u0026amp; Noble\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1970\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eJ.\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"J\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eJenkins, Newell\u003c/persname\u003e, and\u003cpersname\u003eBathia Churgin\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eThematic Catalogue of the Works of Giovanni Battista Sammartini: Orchestral and Vocal Music\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eCambridge, Mass.\u003c/geogname\u003e: Published for the American Musicological Society by\u003cpublisher\u003eHarvard University Press\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1976\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eJohansson/French\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Johansson-French\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eJohansson, Cari\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eFrench Music Publishers' Catalogues of the Second Half of the Eighteenth Century\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e2 vols.\u003cgeogname\u003eStockholm\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eKungl\u003c/publisher\u003e. Musikaliska Akademiens bibliothek, 1955\u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eJohansson/Hummel\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Johansson-Hummel\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eJohansson, Cari\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eJ. J. \u0026amp; B. Hummel Music-Publishing and Thematic Catalogues\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e3 vols.\u003cgeogname\u003eStockholm\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eAlmquist \u0026amp; Wiksell\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1972\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Knape\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eKnape, Walter\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eBibliographisch-thematisches Verzeichnis der Kompositionen von Karl Friedrich Abel\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eCuxhaven\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eW. Knape\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1972\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eK.\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"K\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eKöchel, Ludwig, Ritter von\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eChronologisch-thematisches Verzeichnis sämtlicher Tonwerke Wolfgang Amadé Mozarts\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e6th ed., edited by Franz Giegling, Alexander Weinmann, and Gerd Sievers.\u003cgeogname\u003eWiesbaden\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eBreitkopf \u0026amp; Härtel\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1964\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eLesure/Bibliographie\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Lesure-Bibliographie\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eLesure, François\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eBibliographie des éditions musicales publiées par Estienne Roger et Michel-Charles Le Cène, Amsterdam, 1696-1743\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eParis\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eSociété française de musicologie\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1969\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eLesure/Catalogue\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Lesure-Catalogue\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eLesure, François\u003c/persname\u003e, ed.\u003ctitle\u003eCatalogue de la musique imprimée avant 1800 conservée dans les bibliotheques publiques de Paris\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eParis\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eBibliothèque Nationale\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1981\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Marx\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eMarx, Hans Joachim\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eDie Überlieferung der Werke Arcangelo Corellis: Catalogue rasionné\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eCologne\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eArno Volk Verlag\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1980\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Grove\"\u003e\n                           \u003ctitle\u003eThe New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003eEdited by Stanley Sadie. 20 vols.\u003cgeogname\u003eLondon\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eMacmillan\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1980\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"NewGrove2\"\u003e\n                           \u003ctitle\u003eThe New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd ed.\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003eEdited by Stanley Sadie. 29 vols.\u003cgeogname\u003eLondon\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eMacmillan\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e2001.\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Priestman\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003ePriestman, Brian\u003c/persname\u003e. \"\u003ctitle\u003eCatalogue thématique des oeuvres de Jean-Baptiste, John et Jacques Loeillet\u003c/title\u003e,\"\u003ctitle\u003eRevue belge de musicologie\u003c/title\u003e,\u003cimprint\u003e6 (\u003cdate\u003e1952\u003c/date\u003e)\u003c/imprint\u003e, pp. 219-274.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eRISM\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"RISM\"\u003e\n                           \u003ctitle\u003eRépertoire international des sources musicales, series A/I. Einzeldrucke vor 1801\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003eEdited by Karl-Heinz Schlager. 10 vols.\u003cgeogname\u003eKassel\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eBärenreiter\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1971-1981\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eRISM B/II\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"RISM-B-II\"\u003e\n                           \u003ctitle\u003eRépertoire international des sources musicales, series B, volume 2. Recueils imprimées\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003eEdited by François Lesure.\u003cgeogname\u003eMunich\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eG. Henle\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1964\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eSmith\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Smith\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eSmith, William Charles\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eA Bibliography of the Musical Works Published by John Walsh, During the Years 1695-1720\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eLondon\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eThe Bibliographical Society\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1948\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eSmith/Handel\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Smith-Handel\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eSmith, William Charles\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eHandel: A Descriptive Catalogue of the Early Editions\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e2nd edition.\u003cgeogname\u003eNew York\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eBarnes \u0026amp; Noble\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1970\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eSmith-Humphries\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Smith-Humphries\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eSmith, William Charles\u003c/persname\u003e, and\u003cpersname\u003eCharles Humphries\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eA Bibliography of the Musical Works Published by the Firm of John Walsh During the Years 1721-1766\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eLondon\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eThe Bibliographical Society\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1968\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Terry\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eTerry, Charles Sanford\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eJohn Christian Bach\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e2nd edition.\u003cgeogname\u003eLondon\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eOxford University Press\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1967\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Vairasse\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eVairasse, Denis\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eHistoire des Sevarambes\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003eNouvelle édition.\u003cgeogname\u003eAmsterdam\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eEstienne Roger\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1716\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e. Vol. 2, pp. 291-348: \"\u003ctitle\u003eCatalogue d'un asortiment general de musique, qui se vend à Amsterdam par Estienne Roger\u003c/title\u003e\".\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Wotquenne\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eWotquenne, Alfred\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eCatalogue thématique des œuvres de Chr. W. v. Gluck\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eLeipzig\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eBreitkopf \u0026amp; Härtel\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1904\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eZ. [Purcell]\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Z-Purcell\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eZimmerman, Franklin B.\u003c/persname\u003e\n                           \u003ctitle\u003eHenry Purcell, 1659-1695: An Analytical Catalogue of His Music\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eNew York\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eSt. Martin's Press\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1963\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eZ. [Pugnani]\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Z-Pugnani\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eZschinsky-Troxler, Elisabeth\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eGaetano Pugnani, 1731-1798: ein Beitrag zur Stilerfassung italienischer Vorklassik\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eBerlin\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eAtlantis\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1939\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n               \u003c/tbody\u003e\n            \u003c/tgroup\u003e\n         \u003c/table\u003e"],"collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viumu_mackay-smith","ead_ssi":"viumu_mackay-smith","_root_":"viumu_mackay-smith","_nest_parent_":"viumu_mackay-smith","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-music/mackay-smith.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=uva-hs/mackay-smith.xml","title_ssm":["Alexander Mackay-Smith Collection"],"title_tesim":["Alexander Mackay-Smith Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1689-1827"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1689-1827"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["mackay-smith"],"text":["mackay-smith","Alexander Mackay-Smith Collection","Bauer, Carla Christine . Michael Blavets Flötenmusik . Freiburg : Hochschule-Verlag , 1981 . B. [Handel] Bell, A. Craig . Handel: Chronological Thematic Catalogue . Darley : Grian-Aig Press , 1972 . B. [Pleyel] Benton, Rita . Ignace Pleyel: A Thematic Catalogue of His Compositions . New York : Pendragon Press , 1977 . B. [Tartini] Brainard, Paul . Le sonate per violino di Giuseppe Tartini: catalog tematico . Milan : Carisch , 1975 . BUCEM The British Union-Catalogue of Early Music Before the Year 1801: A Record of the Holdings of over One Hundred Libraries Throughout the British Isles . 2 vols. Edited by Edith B. Schnapper. London : Butterworths , 1957 . CPM The Catalogue of Printed Music in the British Library to 1980 . Edited by Laureen Baillie. London : K. G. Saur , 1981- Devriès, Anik . Édition et commerce de la musique graveée a Paris dans la première moitié du XVIIIe siècle: les Boivin, les Leclerc . Geneva : Minkoff , 1976 . Devriès-Lesure Devriès, Anik , and François Lesure . Dictionnaire des éditeurs de musique français . Geneva : Minkoff , 1979- D. Dounias, Minos . Die Volinkonzerte Giuseppe Tartinis . Munich : Druck der Salesianischen Offizin , 1935 . Fred, Herbert William . \" The Instrumental Music of Johann Christoph Pepusch .\" Ph.D. dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , 1961 . G. Gérard, Yves . Thematic, Bibliographical, and Critical Catalogue of the Works of Luigi Boccherini . London : Oxford University Press , 1969 . Haas, Otto . Catalogue No. 20: The Valuable Music Library formed by Alfred Moffat, Esq. London : Haas , [ 1944 ] . Hopkinson, Cecil . A Dictionary of Parisian Music Publishers, 1700-1950 . New York : Da Capo , 1979 (reprint of the London, 1954, ed.). Hob. Hoboken, Anthony van . Joseph Haydn: Thematisch-bibliographisches Werkverzeichnis . 3 vols. Mainz : B. Schott's Söhne , 1957-78 . Humphries-Smith Humphries, Charles , and William C. Smith . Music Publishing in the British Isles, from the Beginning until the Middle Part of the Nineteenth Century . 2nd ed. New York : Barnes \u0026 Noble , 1970 . J. Jenkins, Newell , and Bathia Churgin . Thematic Catalogue of the Works of Giovanni Battista Sammartini: Orchestral and Vocal Music . Cambridge, Mass. : Published for the American Musicological Society by Harvard University Press , 1976 . Johansson/French Johansson, Cari . French Music Publishers' Catalogues of the Second Half of the Eighteenth Century . 2 vols. Stockholm : Kungl . Musikaliska Akademiens bibliothek, 1955 . Johansson/Hummel Johansson, Cari . J. J. \u0026 B. Hummel Music-Publishing and Thematic Catalogues . 3 vols. Stockholm : Almquist \u0026 Wiksell , 1972 . Knape, Walter . Bibliographisch-thematisches Verzeichnis der Kompositionen von Karl Friedrich Abel . Cuxhaven : W. Knape , 1972 . K. Köchel, Ludwig, Ritter von . Chronologisch-thematisches Verzeichnis sämtlicher Tonwerke Wolfgang Amadé Mozarts . 6th ed., edited by Franz Giegling, Alexander Weinmann, and Gerd Sievers. Wiesbaden : Breitkopf \u0026 Härtel , 1964 . Lesure/Bibliographie Lesure, François . Bibliographie des éditions musicales publiées par Estienne Roger et Michel-Charles Le Cène, Amsterdam, 1696-1743 . Paris : Société française de musicologie , 1969 . Lesure/Catalogue Lesure, François , ed. Catalogue de la musique imprimée avant 1800 conservée dans les bibliotheques publiques de Paris . Paris : Bibliothèque Nationale , 1981 . Marx, Hans Joachim . Die Überlieferung der Werke Arcangelo Corellis: Catalogue rasionné . Cologne : Arno Volk Verlag , 1980 . The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians . Edited by Stanley Sadie. 20 vols. London : Macmillan , 1980 . The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd ed. . Edited by Stanley Sadie. 29 vols. London : Macmillan , 2001. . Priestman, Brian . \" Catalogue thématique des oeuvres de Jean-Baptiste, John et Jacques Loeillet ,\" Revue belge de musicologie , 6 ( 1952 ) , pp. 219-274. RISM Répertoire international des sources musicales, series A/I. Einzeldrucke vor 1801 . Edited by Karl-Heinz Schlager. 10 vols. Kassel : Bärenreiter , 1971-1981 . RISM B/II Répertoire international des sources musicales, series B, volume 2. Recueils imprimées . Edited by François Lesure. Munich : G. Henle , 1964 . Smith Smith, William Charles . A Bibliography of the Musical Works Published by John Walsh, During the Years 1695-1720 . London : The Bibliographical Society , 1948 . Smith/Handel Smith, William Charles . Handel: A Descriptive Catalogue of the Early Editions . 2nd edition. New York : Barnes \u0026 Noble , 1970 . Smith-Humphries Smith, William Charles , and Charles Humphries . A Bibliography of the Musical Works Published by the Firm of John Walsh During the Years 1721-1766 . London : The Bibliographical Society , 1968 . Terry, Charles Sanford . John Christian Bach . 2nd edition. London : Oxford University Press , 1967 . Vairasse, Denis . Histoire des Sevarambes . Nouvelle édition. Amsterdam : Estienne Roger , 1716 . Vol. 2, pp. 291-348: \" Catalogue d'un asortiment general de musique, qui se vend à Amsterdam par Estienne Roger \". Wotquenne, Alfred . Catalogue thématique des œuvres de Chr. W. v. Gluck . Leipzig : Breitkopf \u0026 Härtel , 1904 . Z. [Purcell] Zimmerman, Franklin B. Henry Purcell, 1659-1695: An Analytical Catalogue of His Music . New York : St. Martin's Press , 1963 . Z. [Pugnani] Zschinsky-Troxler, Elisabeth . Gaetano Pugnani, 1731-1798: ein Beitrag zur Stilerfassung italienischer Vorklassik . Berlin : Atlantis , 1939 .","Introduction \"The collection was not brought together by writing big checks to leading dealers. On the contrary it represents days and weeks spent in the bookstalls and shops of London, Paris and Berlin, thumbing over dust-laden stacks of music and piles of books. It represents many hours of study, many hundreds of letters. It was never the sort of collection gathered just for exhibition purposes, but a working library...\" 1 Alexander Mackay-Smith's \"working library\" today forms the nucleus of the University of Virginia's Music Library. The Mackay-Smith Collection, presented to the University in 1946, includes complete runs of what at that time constituted virtually all the major musicological journals, an impressive array of major reference works, bibliographies, printed library catalogues, monographs, and, above all, scores. The collection's greatest strength is in contemporary editions of 18th-century instrumental music, particularly trio sonatas. An accomplished amateur violinist, Mackay-Smith acquired much of his chamber music for purely practical purposes. His chamber music partners included his brother, Carleton Sprague Smith, flutist and chief of the New York Public Library's Music Division from 1931 to 1943 and again from 1946 to 1959; Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge, pianist, composer, and patroness of music; and Constance Darden, violinist and violist, wife of the University of Virginia's President, Colgate Darden. The majority of the works represented in this catalogue were purchased in Paris and London between 1928 and 1934. After graduating from Harvard in 1924, Mackay-Smith spent several years in Europe: I bought my first early music from Harold Reeves in London in the summer of 1928 when I was able to acquire virtually all the 18th century editions, particularly of trio music, which he then had in stock, going back not only through his current but also through earlier catalogues, picking out numbers which remained unsold. It is almost a shame today to think of the prices at which such things were then available, one or two pounds apiece. 2 Otto Haas, in Berlin and then later in London, was another source for much of the music described here. Following World War II, Mackay-Smith deposited his entire music collection with the University of Virginia Library: The University seemed like a logical place to deposit [it], since my children are descended from Thomas Jefferson; since, as you well know, Jefferson played the violin almost every day of his life... 3 It is particularly fitting, I think, that the chamber music for violin which Thomas Jefferson so enjoyed playing should now be fully represented at the University which he founded. 4 The Mackay-Smith Collection in fact shows similarity to the music section of Jefferson's own catalogue of 1783. It is scarcely coincidental that the trio sonatas of Carlo Antonio Campioni (1720-1788), one of Jefferson's favorite composers, are especially well represented. Jefferson had at one point taken the trouble to transcribe some 38 incipits of works by Campioni already in his library, with a note in the margin to a London dealer asking for any other works he had also composed, \"Solos, Duets, or Trios. Printed copies would be preferred...\" 5 It was in much the same systematic fashion that Alexander Mackay-Smith developed his own collection of instrumental chamber music, with special emphasis on the trio sonata. A lawyer by profession, Mackay-Smith might also confess, as had Jefferson, that \"music is the favorite passion of my soul.\" 6 Jefferson, however, had been forced to concede that \"fortune has cast my lot in a country where it is in a state of deplorable barbarism.\" That these circumstances no longer obtain is due in no small measure to the efforts of Alexander Mackay-Smith and other collectors like him.","Editorial Method The form of entry for each composer's name follows that in the Library of Congress authority file, where such an entry exists, or The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd ed. . In the case of composers whose works were first published during both the 18th and 19th centuries, only composers born before 1770 have been included. This is approximately the same criterion for inclusion in RISM Series A/I. A brief filing title is provided to facilitate browsing and ensure a logical and consistent sequence among entries. The form is essentially that established by the second edition of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules ( Chicago : American Library Association , 1979 ) . A few minor exceptions have been adopted for the sake of both brevity and clarity. Unless otherwise indicated, all individual parts within a set have identical title-pages. The format (folio, quarto, etc.) is based on the number of times the original sheets of paper have been folded to make individual leaves. 7 The terminology for the oblong formats is that suggested by D. W. Krummel. 8 Two sets of dimensions are given for all engraved title-pages: the first represents the imaginary rectangle that would enclose all elements of the engraved surface; the second measurement, in parentheses, represents the plate mark. The names of individual parts are transcribed exactly as they appear on the parts themselves, usually as running heads. The system used for describing pagination has been taken from Cecil Hopkinson's various bibliographies of Berlioz, Gluck, Puccini, etc., and is self-explanatory. No attemp has been made to collate gatherings. 9 The title of each work and its sequence of movements and keys are transcribed as they appear on the first part listed in the work's contents. Any exceptions to this, the primary source of information, are specifically noted in square brackets. For dates, the terminology used is that recommended by the International Association of Music Libraries' Guide for Dating Early Published Music . 10 Whenever possible, dates of issue are provided; for lack of sufficient evidence, however, most dates in this catalogue must be considered dates of editions. All citation to the Répertoire international des sources musicales, unless otherwise noted, are to Series A/I, Einzeldrucke vor 1801, edited by Karl-Heinz Schlager (Kassel: Bärenreiter, 1971-1981) . If the Mackay-Smith exemplar differs significantly from the entry appearing in RISM, discrepancies are noted in parentheses following the RISM number. The dates that appear at the end of many of the call numbers derive from the original cataloguing of the collection at the University of Virginia in the late 1940s. Although an integral part of the call number, they have no significance in and of themselves.","Notes 1 Alexender Mackay-Smith to Stephen Tuttle, Professor of Music, 16 July 1948, Mackay-Smith papers, Alderman Library, University of Virginia. 2 Mackay-Smith to Jean Bonin, Music Librarian, 30 July 1974. 3 Ibid. 4 Mackay-Smith to Tuttle, 16 July 1948. 5 Both the music section of the 1783 catalogue and the Campioni incipits (undated) are reproduced and transcribed in Carolyn Galbraith Nolan's \"Thomas Jefferson, Gentleman Musician\" (M.A. thesis, University of Virginia, 1967). Nolan's transcriptions of the catalogue also appears in Helen Cripe's Thomas Jefferson and Music (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1974), pp. 97-104. 6 Thomas Jefferson to Giovanni Fabbroni, 8 June 1778, in The Papers of Thomas Jefferson , edited by Julian Boyden, v. 2 ( Princeton : Princeton University Press , 1950 ) , p. 196 . 7 See Ronald B. McKerrow , An Introduction to Bibliography ( Oxford : Clarendon Press , 1927 ), pp. 164-174 . 8 D. W. Krummel , \" Oblong Format in Early Music Books ,\" The Library , 5th series, 26 ( 1971 ) , pp. 312-324 . 9 As Krummel has pointed out, the leaves of most engraved music after 1700 are gathered either singly or in twos ( \" Bibliography of Music ,\" The New Grove , v. 2 , p. 683) \"and the important changes in text usually took place on the plates, making the assembly largely irrelevant for textual work.\" ( \" Musical Functions and Bibliographical Forms ,\" The Library , 5th series, 31 [ 1976 ] , p. 337 ). 10 Compiled by D. W. Krummel ( Hackensack, N.J. : Joseph Boonin , 1974 ) .","The Mackay-Smith Collection's greatest strength is in contemporary editions of 18th-century instrumental music, particularly trio sonatas. The collection shows similarity to the music section of Jefferson's catalogue of 1783. The trio sonatas of Carlo Antonio Campioni (1720-1788), one of Jefferson's favorite composers, are especially well represented.","University of Virginia. Small Special Collections Library","Harp and Hoboy","Longman \u0026 Co.","Welcker's Musick Shop","Harp and Hautboy","Harp and Crown","Simpsons Musick Shop","Viol and Flute","Janet et Cotelle","Golden Viol and Flute","Violin and Lute","Mr. Forsters Music Shop","Mme. Duhan et Cie.","Orpheus (Firm)","Golden Harp","Golden Viol","Règle d'Or","Croix d'Or","Longman and Broderip [London, England]","Simpson's Musick Shop","Golden Bass","Musique royale [Firm]","Grand magazine de musique","Handel's Head","Bass Viol \u0026 Flute","Longman, Lukey \u0026 Co.","Charles \u0026 Samuel Thompson","Thompson \u0026 Son","Conservatoire de Musique [France]","Straight \u0026 Skillern","Chales \u0026 Samuel Thompson","Comédie Françoise","Longman, Lukey \u0026 Broderip","John and Joseph Hare","Lyre and Owl","Monzani \u0026 Cimador","Corri, Dussek \u0026 Co.","J. Longman \u0026 Co. [London, England]","Breitkopf \u0026 Härtel","Ronald B. McKerrow","D. W. Krummel","Bauer, Carla Christine","Bell, A. Craig","Benton, Rita","Brainard, Paul","Devriès, Anik","François Lesure","Dounias, Minos","Fred, Herbert William","Gérard, Yves","Haas, Otto","Hopkinson, Cecil","Hoboken, Anthony van","Humphries, Charles","William C. Smith","Jenkins, Newell","Bathia Churgin","Johansson, Cari","Knape, Walter","Köchel, Ludwig, Ritter von","Lesure, François","Marx, Hans Joachim","Priestman, Brian","Smith, William Charles","Charles Humphries","Terry, Charles Sanford","Vairasse, Denis","Wotquenne, Alfred","Zimmerman, Franklin B.","Zschinsky-Troxler, Elisabeth","Abel, Karl Friedrich, 1723-1787","Napier, William, 1740?-1812","Bremner, Robert, d. 1789","Agus, Giuseppe","Welcker, John","Alberti, Pietro","Roger, Estienne, 1665-1722","Albertini, Giuseppe","Hummell, A.","Albicastro, Henricus","Albinoni, Tomaso, 1671-1750","Walsh, John, 1665 or 6-1736","Alcock, John, 1715-1806","Androux, Giovanni Giacomo","Welcker, Peter, d. 1775","Arne, Thomas Augustine, 1710-1778","Oliver y Astorga, Juan, 1733 or 4-1830","Avison, Charles, 1709-1770","Scarlatti, Domenico, 1685-1757","Denson, R.","Barber, Joseph","Richard Newton","Jack Lee Cassingham","Johnson, John, fl. 1754-1770","Phillips, John","Phillips, Sarah","Bach, Johann Christian, 1735-1782","Hummel, Johann Julius, 1728-1798","Barbandt, Charles","Barbella, Emanuele, 1718-1777","Barthélemon, F. H. (François-Hippolyte), 1741-1808","Bates, William, fl. 1750-1780","Cox, John","Beretti, Pietro","Besozzi, Antonio, 1714-1781","Besozzi, Paolo Girolamo, 1704-1778","Besozzi, Alessandro, 1702-1793","Canavasse, Mr.","Castagneri, Andrea","Guersan, Louis, ca. 1700-1770","Estien, Mlle.","Bianchi, Giovanni, b. ca. 1660","Bitti, Martino","Hare, John, d. 1725","Blake, Benjamin, 1751-1827","Boccherini, Luigi, 1743-1805","Imbault, Jean Jérôme","Leduc, Auguste (Antoine-Pierre-Auguste), 1779-1823","Naderman, Jean-Henri, 1735-1799","Bononcini, Giovanni, 1670-1747","Bonporti, Francesco Antonio, 1672-1749","Randall, Peter, fl. ca. 1706-1710","Borghi, Luigi, b. ca. 1745","Boyce, William, 1711-1779","Bréval, J. B. (Jean Baptiste), 1753-1823","Forster, William","Brioschi, Antonio, fl. 1730-1750","Bruni, Antonio Bartolomeo, 1757-1821","Sieber, Jean-George, 1738-1822","Campioni, Carlo Antonio, 1720-1788","Randall, William, d. 1776","Constantin Floros","Carbonelli, Giovanni Stefano, d. 1772","Carelio, Antonio","Cervetto, Giacobbe, 1682-1783","Churchill, William, fl. 1785-1795","Preston, J.","Preston, John","Smith","Ciampi, Vincenzo Legrenzio, 1719-1762","Dennis Libby","Cirri, Giovanni Battista, 1724-1808","Owain Edwards","Clementi, Muzio, 1752-1832","Corbett, William, 1675-1748","Pippard, L. (Luke)","Corelli, Arcangelo, 1653-1713","Cooke, Benjamin","Pepusch, John Christopher, 1667-1752","Cross, Thomas, ca. 1660-ca. 1735","Cramer, Wilhelm, 1746-1799","Bérault, Madame","Casteau","Sieber, Marie Julie Regnaud","Croes, Hendrik-Jacques de","Boivin, Mme. (Elisabeth-Catherine Ballard), d. 1776","Le Clerc, Jean-Pantaléon, d. 1759","Michelon, Mlle.","Devienne, François, 1759-1803","Ribiere","Dolphin","Godfroy, M.","Seaunier, M.","Dôthel, Niccolò, 1721-1810","Hallet, Benjamin","Oswald, James, 1710-1769","Frank Kidson","Duni, Egidio, 1708-1775","Dufour","Duport, Jean-Pierre, 1741-1818","La Chevardière, Louis Balthazard de, 1730-1812","Oger, Madame","Eichner, Ernst, 1740-1777","Ferrari, Carlo, 1714-1790","Vendôme, Marie-Charlotte","Ferrari, Domenico, 1722-1780","Virginia Downman Kock","Festing, Michael Christian, d. 1752","Smith, William, fl. 1720-1763","Filtz, Johann Anton, 1733-1760","Charpentier, P. L. (Pierre Laurent)","Fiorillo, Federigo, 1755-ca. 1823","Fisher, F. E.","Florio, Pietro Grassi, d. 1795","Whitaker, Maurice","Freake, John George","Galeotti, Salvatore, fl. 1760-1770","Lidarti, Christian Joseph, b. 1730","Galeotti, Stefano, ca. 1723-ca. 1790","Galeotti, Stefano, ca. 1723-ca.1790","Gallo, Alberto","Bayard, Marc, d. 1782","Castagnery, Mlle. (Marie-Anne), 1722-1782","Le Clerc, Mr.","Gallo, Domencio, 18th cent.","Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista, 1710-1736","Marvin E. Paymer","Charles L. Cudworth","Geminiani, Francesco, 1687-1762","Barsanti, Francesco, 1690-1772","Giardini, Felice, 1716-1796","Le Menu, Christophe, d. 1774","De Brotonne, Étienne, ca. 1707-1757","Vernadé, Claude, 1712-1786","Birchall, Robert, d. 1819","Saint Germain, comte de, d. 1784","Gluck, Christoph Willibald, Ritter von, 1714-1787","Simpson, J.","Graaf, Christiaan Ernst, 1723-1804","Graeff, Johann Georg","Lavenu, Lewis, d. 1818","Grenser, Johan Fredrik, d. 1795","Grezner, Johann Friedrich","Guerini, Francesco, fl. 1740-1770","Handel, George Frideric, 1685-1759","Bassani, Giovanni Battista, ca. 1650-1716","Pez, Joh. Chr. (Johann Christoph), 1664-1716","Purcell, Henry, 1659-1695","Torelli, Giuseppe, 1658-1709","Hasse, Johann Adolf, 1699-1783","Haydn, Joseph, 1732-1809","Kerpen, John","Haydn, Michael, 1737-1806","Hubert Unverricht","Hickes, George, 1642-1715","King","Hook, Mr. (James), 1746-1827","Humble, Maximilian","Humphries, John, ca. 1707-ca. 1740","William S. Newman","Jackson, Joseph, 18 th cent.","Jackson, Joseph, Mrs.","Jadin, Hyacinthe","Vératé, Mlle.","Carcani, sigr., 1703-1779","Jommelli, Nicolò, 1714-1774","Sammartini, Giovanni Battista, 1700 (ca.)-1775","Boivin, Mme. (Elisabeth-Catherine Ballard), d. s1776","Chinzer, Giuseppe, fl. 1745","Kammel, Antonín, b. 1730","Kelly, Thomas Alexander Erskine, Earl of, 1732-1781","Klöffler, Johann Friedrich, 1725-1790","Lampugnani, Giovanni Battista, 1706-ca. 1786","Simpson, John, fl. 1734-1749","Lanzetti, Salvatore, 1710-ca. 1780","Lapis, Santo, fl. 1725-1764","Mol, Pieter","Lates, James, ca. 1740-1777","Leclair, Jean-Marie, 1697-1764","Boivin, François, d. 1733","Le clerc, Le Sr.","Roussel, Louise Anne Renard","Leclair, Louise Catherine Roussel, b. 1700","Lidl, Andreas, ca. 1740-ca. 1788","Skillern, T. (Thomas), fl. 1777-1802","Lœillet, Jean Baptiste, b. 1688","Lolli, Antonio, ca. 1725-1802","Bailleux, Antoine, d. 1791","Brunet, Mr.","Castaud, Jean-Antoine, b. 1714","Lobry, Mme.","Magnian, G.","Maldere, Pierre van, 1729-1768","Marais, Marin, 1656-1728","Bonneuil, Hiérosme, fl. 1671-1701","Trouvain","Marjolin, L. A.","Martin, François, 1727-1757","Le Clerc, Charles-Nicolas, 1697-1774","Laymon, Mademoiselle, fl. 1743-1752","Mascitti, Michele, 1663 or 1664-1760","Menesini, Bartolomeo","Fougt, Henric, 1720-1782","Morigi, Angelo, 1725-1801","Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 1756-1791","Nardini, Pietro, 1722-1793","Noferi, Giovan Battista, 18 th cent.","Nussen, Frederick","Paganelli, Giuseppe Antonio, 1710-ca. 1763","Le Clerc, Mr., le Cadet.","Le Clerc, Sr., Mr.","Hüe, L.","Pasquali, Nicolo, ca. 1718-1757","Paxton, Stephen, 1734-1787","Baker","Pellegrino, Ferdinando, ca. 1715-ca. 1766","Bertin, Mlle., fl. 1740-1763","Pesch, Carl August","Pichl, Wenzel, 1741-1805","Piombanti, Francesco","Thorowgood, Henry","Piozzi, Gabriele Mario, 1740-1809","Pleyel, Ignaz, 1757-1831","Lobry","Porta, Bernardo, 1758-1829","Nadermann, Barbe Rose Courtois, 1755-1839","Pugnani, Gaetano, 1731-1798","Frere","Ceron, Jean-Baptiste","Frères le Goux","Pujolas, J. H, d. 1806","Michot","Porthaux, Dominique","Raimondi, Ignazio, ca. 1735-1813","Ravenscroft, John, 17th cent.","Blavet, Michel, 1700-1768","Le Clerc, M.","Rousseau, Frédéric, 1755-1821","Rousseau Freres","d'Albaret, Comte","Sabatini, Giovanni Andrea, ca. 1740-ca. 1808","Sacchini, Antonio, 1730-1786","Fortier, B., fl. Ca. 1736-1740","Le Clerc, Le Sr.","Le Clerc, le cadet","Labassée, Mme.","Roberts, Henry, ca. 1710-ca. 1790","Schickhard, Johann Christian, ca. 1680-1762","Schwindl, Friedrich, 1737-1786","Hummel, Burchard, 1731-1797","Aprile, Giuseppe, 1732-1813","Vachon, Pierre, 1731-1803","Smith, Theodore, ca. 1740-ca. 1810","Solnitz, Anton Wilhelm, ca. 1708-1752 or 3","Spourni, Wenceslaus Joseph","Stamitz, Anton, b. 1750","Boyer, Charles-Georges","Le Menu, Made.","Stanley, John, 1712-1786","Tartini, Giuseppe, 1692-1770","Le Cène, Michel-Charles, 1683?-1743","Tessarini, Carlo, ca. 1690-ca.1766","Tibaldi, Giovanni Battista","Valentine, Robert, 1674-ca. 1735","Vanhal, Johann Baptist, 1739-1813","Weideman, Charles Frederick, d. 1782","Wendling, Johann Baptist, 1723-1797","Winter, Peter von, 1754-1825","Donald G. Henderson","Zannetti, Francesco, 1737-1788","Zappa, Francesco, fl. 1763-1788","Zuccari, Carlo, 1704-1792","The materials are in English and French"],"unitid_tesim":["mackay-smith"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexander Mackay-Smith Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexander Mackay-Smith Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Alexander Mackay-Smith Collection"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Music Library"],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Music Library"],"creator_ssm":["Alexander Mackay-Smith"],"creator_ssim":["Alexander Mackay-Smith"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["265 items"],"extent_tesim":["265 items"],"date_range_isim":[1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["List of Works Cited in Abbreviated Form"],"bibliography_tesim":["Bauer, Carla Christine . Michael Blavets Flötenmusik . Freiburg : Hochschule-Verlag , 1981 . B. [Handel] Bell, A. Craig . Handel: Chronological Thematic Catalogue . Darley : Grian-Aig Press , 1972 . B. [Pleyel] Benton, Rita . Ignace Pleyel: A Thematic Catalogue of His Compositions . New York : Pendragon Press , 1977 . B. [Tartini] Brainard, Paul . Le sonate per violino di Giuseppe Tartini: catalog tematico . Milan : Carisch , 1975 . BUCEM The British Union-Catalogue of Early Music Before the Year 1801: A Record of the Holdings of over One Hundred Libraries Throughout the British Isles . 2 vols. Edited by Edith B. Schnapper. London : Butterworths , 1957 . CPM The Catalogue of Printed Music in the British Library to 1980 . Edited by Laureen Baillie. London : K. G. Saur , 1981- Devriès, Anik . Édition et commerce de la musique graveée a Paris dans la première moitié du XVIIIe siècle: les Boivin, les Leclerc . Geneva : Minkoff , 1976 . Devriès-Lesure Devriès, Anik , and François Lesure . Dictionnaire des éditeurs de musique français . Geneva : Minkoff , 1979- D. Dounias, Minos . Die Volinkonzerte Giuseppe Tartinis . Munich : Druck der Salesianischen Offizin , 1935 . Fred, Herbert William . \" The Instrumental Music of Johann Christoph Pepusch .\" Ph.D. dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , 1961 . G. Gérard, Yves . Thematic, Bibliographical, and Critical Catalogue of the Works of Luigi Boccherini . London : Oxford University Press , 1969 . Haas, Otto . Catalogue No. 20: The Valuable Music Library formed by Alfred Moffat, Esq. London : Haas , [ 1944 ] . Hopkinson, Cecil . A Dictionary of Parisian Music Publishers, 1700-1950 . New York : Da Capo , 1979 (reprint of the London, 1954, ed.). Hob. Hoboken, Anthony van . Joseph Haydn: Thematisch-bibliographisches Werkverzeichnis . 3 vols. Mainz : B. Schott's Söhne , 1957-78 . Humphries-Smith Humphries, Charles , and William C. Smith . Music Publishing in the British Isles, from the Beginning until the Middle Part of the Nineteenth Century . 2nd ed. New York : Barnes \u0026 Noble , 1970 . J. Jenkins, Newell , and Bathia Churgin . Thematic Catalogue of the Works of Giovanni Battista Sammartini: Orchestral and Vocal Music . Cambridge, Mass. : Published for the American Musicological Society by Harvard University Press , 1976 . Johansson/French Johansson, Cari . French Music Publishers' Catalogues of the Second Half of the Eighteenth Century . 2 vols. Stockholm : Kungl . Musikaliska Akademiens bibliothek, 1955 . Johansson/Hummel Johansson, Cari . J. J. \u0026 B. Hummel Music-Publishing and Thematic Catalogues . 3 vols. Stockholm : Almquist \u0026 Wiksell , 1972 . Knape, Walter . Bibliographisch-thematisches Verzeichnis der Kompositionen von Karl Friedrich Abel . Cuxhaven : W. Knape , 1972 . K. Köchel, Ludwig, Ritter von . Chronologisch-thematisches Verzeichnis sämtlicher Tonwerke Wolfgang Amadé Mozarts . 6th ed., edited by Franz Giegling, Alexander Weinmann, and Gerd Sievers. Wiesbaden : Breitkopf \u0026 Härtel , 1964 . Lesure/Bibliographie Lesure, François . Bibliographie des éditions musicales publiées par Estienne Roger et Michel-Charles Le Cène, Amsterdam, 1696-1743 . Paris : Société française de musicologie , 1969 . Lesure/Catalogue Lesure, François , ed. Catalogue de la musique imprimée avant 1800 conservée dans les bibliotheques publiques de Paris . Paris : Bibliothèque Nationale , 1981 . Marx, Hans Joachim . Die Überlieferung der Werke Arcangelo Corellis: Catalogue rasionné . Cologne : Arno Volk Verlag , 1980 . The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians . Edited by Stanley Sadie. 20 vols. London : Macmillan , 1980 . The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd ed. . Edited by Stanley Sadie. 29 vols. London : Macmillan , 2001. . Priestman, Brian . \" Catalogue thématique des oeuvres de Jean-Baptiste, John et Jacques Loeillet ,\" Revue belge de musicologie , 6 ( 1952 ) , pp. 219-274. RISM Répertoire international des sources musicales, series A/I. Einzeldrucke vor 1801 . Edited by Karl-Heinz Schlager. 10 vols. Kassel : Bärenreiter , 1971-1981 . RISM B/II Répertoire international des sources musicales, series B, volume 2. Recueils imprimées . Edited by François Lesure. Munich : G. Henle , 1964 . Smith Smith, William Charles . A Bibliography of the Musical Works Published by John Walsh, During the Years 1695-1720 . London : The Bibliographical Society , 1948 . Smith/Handel Smith, William Charles . Handel: A Descriptive Catalogue of the Early Editions . 2nd edition. New York : Barnes \u0026 Noble , 1970 . Smith-Humphries Smith, William Charles , and Charles Humphries . A Bibliography of the Musical Works Published by the Firm of John Walsh During the Years 1721-1766 . London : The Bibliographical Society , 1968 . Terry, Charles Sanford . John Christian Bach . 2nd edition. London : Oxford University Press , 1967 . Vairasse, Denis . Histoire des Sevarambes . Nouvelle édition. Amsterdam : Estienne Roger , 1716 . Vol. 2, pp. 291-348: \" Catalogue d'un asortiment general de musique, qui se vend à Amsterdam par Estienne Roger \". Wotquenne, Alfred . Catalogue thématique des œuvres de Chr. W. v. Gluck . Leipzig : Breitkopf \u0026 Härtel , 1904 . Z. [Purcell] Zimmerman, Franklin B. Henry Purcell, 1659-1695: An Analytical Catalogue of His Music . New York : St. Martin's Press , 1963 . Z. [Pugnani] Zschinsky-Troxler, Elisabeth . Gaetano Pugnani, 1731-1798: ein Beitrag zur Stilerfassung italienischer Vorklassik . Berlin : Atlantis , 1939 ."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cbioghist\u003e\n            \u003chead\u003eIntroduction\u003c/head\u003e\n            \u003cblockquote\u003e\n               \u003cp\u003e\"The collection was not brought together by writing big checks to leading dealers. On the contrary it represents days and weeks spent in the bookstalls and shops of London, Paris and Berlin, thumbing over dust-laden stacks of music and piles of books. It represents many hours of study, many hundreds of letters. It was never the sort of collection gathered just for exhibition purposes, but a working library...\"\u003cref id=\"r1\" target=\"n1\"\u003e1\u003c/ref\u003e\n               \u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003c/blockquote\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eAlexander Mackay-Smith's \"working library\" today forms the nucleus of the University of Virginia's Music Library. The Mackay-Smith Collection, presented to the University in 1946, includes complete runs of what at that time constituted virtually all the major musicological journals, an impressive array of major reference works, bibliographies, printed library catalogues, monographs, and, above all, scores.\u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eThe collection's greatest strength is in contemporary editions of 18th-century instrumental music, particularly trio sonatas. An accomplished amateur violinist, Mackay-Smith acquired much of his chamber music for purely practical purposes. His chamber music partners included his brother, Carleton Sprague Smith, flutist and chief of the New York Public Library's Music Division from 1931 to 1943 and again from 1946 to 1959; Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge, pianist, composer, and patroness of music; and Constance Darden, violinist and violist, wife of the University of Virginia's President, Colgate Darden.\u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eThe majority of the works represented in this catalogue were purchased in Paris and London between 1928 and 1934. After graduating from Harvard in 1924, Mackay-Smith spent several years in Europe:\u003cblockquote\u003e\n                  \u003cp\u003eI bought my first early music from Harold Reeves in London in the summer of 1928 when I was able to acquire virtually all the 18th century editions, particularly of trio music, which he then had in stock, going back not only through his current but also through earlier catalogues, picking out numbers which remained unsold. It is almost a shame today to think of the prices at which such things were then available, one or two pounds apiece.\u003cref id=\"r2\" target=\"n2\"\u003e2\u003c/ref\u003e\n                  \u003c/p\u003e\n               \u003c/blockquote\u003e\n            \u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eOtto Haas, in Berlin and then later in London, was another source for much of the music described here. Following World War II, Mackay-Smith deposited his entire music collection with the University of Virginia Library:\u003cblockquote\u003e\n                  \u003cp\u003eThe University seemed like a logical place to deposit [it], since my children are descended from Thomas Jefferson; since, as you well know, Jefferson played the violin almost every day of his life...\u003cref id=\"r3\" target=\"n3\"\u003e3\u003c/ref\u003e\n                  \u003c/p\u003e\n               \u003c/blockquote\u003e\n               \u003cblockquote\u003e\n                  \u003cp\u003eIt is particularly fitting, I think, that the chamber music for violin which Thomas Jefferson so enjoyed playing should now be fully represented at the University which he founded.\u003cref id=\"r4\" target=\"n4\"\u003e4\u003c/ref\u003e\n                  \u003c/p\u003e\n               \u003c/blockquote\u003e\n            \u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eThe Mackay-Smith Collection in fact shows similarity to the music section of Jefferson's own catalogue of 1783. It is scarcely coincidental that the trio sonatas of Carlo Antonio Campioni (1720-1788), one of Jefferson's favorite composers, are especially well represented. Jefferson had at one point taken the trouble to transcribe some 38 incipits of works by Campioni already in his library, with a note in the margin to a London dealer asking for any other works he had also composed, \"Solos, Duets, or Trios. Printed copies would be preferred...\"\u003cref id=\"r5\" target=\"n5\"\u003e5\u003c/ref\u003e\n            \u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eIt was in much the same systematic fashion that Alexander Mackay-Smith developed his own collection of instrumental chamber music, with special emphasis on the trio sonata. A lawyer by profession, Mackay-Smith might also confess, as had Jefferson, that \"music is the favorite passion of my soul.\"\u003cref id=\"r6\" target=\"n6\"\u003e6\u003c/ref\u003eJefferson, however, had been forced to concede that \"fortune has cast my lot in a country where it is in a state of deplorable barbarism.\" That these circumstances no longer obtain is due in no small measure to the efforts of Alexander Mackay-Smith and other collectors like him.\u003c/p\u003e\n         \u003c/bioghist\u003e","\u003cbioghist\u003e\n            \u003chead\u003eEditorial Method\u003c/head\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eThe form of entry for each composer's name follows that in the Library of Congress authority file, where such an entry exists, or\u003cref target=\"NewGrove2\"\u003eThe New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd ed.\u003c/ref\u003e. In the case of composers whose works were first published during both the 18th and 19th centuries, only composers born before 1770 have been included. This is approximately the same criterion for inclusion in RISM Series A/I.\u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eA brief filing title is provided to facilitate browsing and ensure a logical and consistent sequence among entries. The form is essentially that established by the second edition of the\u003cbibref\u003e\n                  \u003ctitle\u003eAnglo-American Cataloguing Rules\u003c/title\u003e\n                  \u003cimprint\u003e(\u003cgeogname\u003eChicago\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eAmerican Library Association\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1979\u003c/date\u003e)\u003c/imprint\u003e\n               \u003c/bibref\u003e. A few minor exceptions have been adopted for the sake of both brevity and clarity.\u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eUnless otherwise indicated, all individual parts within a set have identical title-pages. The format (folio, quarto, etc.) is based on the number of times the original sheets of paper have been folded to make individual leaves.\u003cref id=\"r7\" target=\"n7\"\u003e7\u003c/ref\u003eThe terminology for the oblong formats is that suggested by D. W. Krummel.\u003cref id=\"r8\" target=\"n8\"\u003e8\u003c/ref\u003eTwo sets of dimensions are given for all engraved title-pages: the first represents the imaginary rectangle that would enclose all elements of the engraved surface; the second measurement, in parentheses, represents the plate mark. The names of individual parts are transcribed exactly as they appear on the parts themselves, usually as running heads. The system used for describing pagination has been taken from Cecil Hopkinson's various bibliographies of Berlioz, Gluck, Puccini, etc., and is self-explanatory. No attemp has been made to collate gatherings.\u003cref id=\"r9\" target=\"n9\"\u003e9\u003c/ref\u003e\n            \u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eThe title of each work and its sequence of movements and keys are transcribed as they appear on the first part listed in the work's contents. Any exceptions to this, the primary source of information, are specifically noted in square brackets.\u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eFor dates, the terminology used is that recommended by the\u003cbibref\u003e\n                  \u003ctitle\u003eInternational Association of Music Libraries' Guide for Dating Early Published Music\u003c/title\u003e\n               \u003c/bibref\u003e.\u003cref id=\"r10\" target=\"n10\"\u003e10\u003c/ref\u003eWhenever possible, dates of issue are provided; for lack of sufficient evidence, however, most dates in this catalogue must be considered dates of editions.\u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eAll citation to the Répertoire international des sources musicales, unless otherwise noted, are to\u003cbibref\u003eSeries A/I, Einzeldrucke vor 1801, edited by Karl-Heinz Schlager (Kassel: Bärenreiter, 1971-1981)\u003c/bibref\u003e. If the Mackay-Smith exemplar differs significantly from the entry appearing in RISM, discrepancies are noted in parentheses following the RISM number.\u003c/p\u003e\n            \u003cp\u003eThe dates that appear at the end of many of the call numbers derive from the original cataloguing of the collection at the University of Virginia in the late 1940s. Although an integral part of the call number, they have no significance in and of themselves.\u003c/p\u003e\n         \u003c/bioghist\u003e","\u003cbioghist\u003e\n            \u003chead\u003eNotes\u003c/head\u003e\n            \u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n1\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r1\"\u003e1\u003c/ref\u003eAlexender Mackay-Smith to Stephen Tuttle, Professor of Music, 16 July 1948, Mackay-Smith papers, Alderman Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n2\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r2\"\u003e2\u003c/ref\u003eMackay-Smith to Jean Bonin, Music Librarian, 30 July 1974.\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n3\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r3\"\u003e3\u003c/ref\u003eIbid.\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n4\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r4\"\u003e4\u003c/ref\u003eMackay-Smith to Tuttle, 16 July 1948.\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n5\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r5\"\u003e5\u003c/ref\u003eBoth the music section of the 1783 catalogue and the Campioni incipits (undated) are reproduced and transcribed in Carolyn Galbraith Nolan's \"Thomas Jefferson, Gentleman Musician\" (M.A. thesis, University of Virginia, 1967). Nolan's transcriptions of the catalogue also appears in Helen Cripe's Thomas Jefferson and Music (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1974), pp. 97-104.\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n6\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r6\"\u003e6\u003c/ref\u003eThomas Jefferson to Giovanni Fabbroni, 8 June 1778, in\u003cbibref\u003e\n                     \u003ctitle\u003eThe Papers of Thomas Jefferson\u003c/title\u003e,\u003cimprint\u003eedited by Julian Boyden, v. 2 (\u003cgeogname\u003ePrinceton\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003ePrinceton University Press\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1950\u003c/date\u003e)\u003c/imprint\u003e, p. 196\u003c/bibref\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n7\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r7\"\u003e7\u003c/ref\u003eSee\u003cbibref\u003e\n                     \u003cpersname\u003eRonald B. McKerrow\u003c/persname\u003e,\u003ctitle\u003eAn Introduction to Bibliography\u003c/title\u003e(\u003cimprint\u003e\n                        \u003cgeogname\u003eOxford\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eClarendon Press\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1927\u003c/date\u003e\n                     \u003c/imprint\u003e), pp. 164-174\u003c/bibref\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n8\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r8\"\u003e8\u003c/ref\u003e\n                  \u003cbibref\u003e\n                     \u003cpersname\u003eD. W. Krummel\u003c/persname\u003e, \"\u003ctitle\u003eOblong Format in Early Music Books\u003c/title\u003e,\"\u003ctitle\u003eThe Library\u003c/title\u003e,\u003cimprint\u003e5th series, 26 (\u003cdate\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e)\u003c/imprint\u003e, pp. 312-324\u003c/bibref\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n9\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r9\"\u003e9\u003c/ref\u003eAs Krummel has pointed out, the leaves of most engraved music after 1700 are gathered either singly or in twos (\u003cbibref\u003e\"\u003ctitle\u003eBibliography of Music\u003c/title\u003e,\"\u003ctitle\u003eThe New Grove\u003c/title\u003e,\u003cimprint\u003ev. 2\u003c/imprint\u003e\n                  \u003c/bibref\u003e, p. 683) \"and the important changes in text usually took place on the plates, making the assembly largely irrelevant for textual work.\" (\u003cbibref\u003e\"\u003ctitle\u003eMusical Functions and Bibliographical Forms\u003c/title\u003e,\"\u003ctitle\u003eThe Library\u003c/title\u003e,\u003cimprint\u003e5th series, 31 [\u003cdate\u003e1976\u003c/date\u003e]\u003c/imprint\u003e, p. 337\u003c/bibref\u003e).\u003c/item\u003e\n               \u003citem id=\"n10\"\u003e\n                  \u003cref target=\"r10\"\u003e10\u003c/ref\u003e\n                  \u003cbibref\u003eCompiled by\u003cpersname\u003eD. W. Krummel\u003c/persname\u003e\n                     \u003cimprint\u003e(\u003cgeogname\u003eHackensack, N.J.\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eJoseph Boonin\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1974\u003c/date\u003e)\u003c/imprint\u003e\n                  \u003c/bibref\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n            \u003c/list\u003e\n         \u003c/bioghist\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Introduction \"The collection was not brought together by writing big checks to leading dealers. On the contrary it represents days and weeks spent in the bookstalls and shops of London, Paris and Berlin, thumbing over dust-laden stacks of music and piles of books. It represents many hours of study, many hundreds of letters. It was never the sort of collection gathered just for exhibition purposes, but a working library...\" 1 Alexander Mackay-Smith's \"working library\" today forms the nucleus of the University of Virginia's Music Library. The Mackay-Smith Collection, presented to the University in 1946, includes complete runs of what at that time constituted virtually all the major musicological journals, an impressive array of major reference works, bibliographies, printed library catalogues, monographs, and, above all, scores. The collection's greatest strength is in contemporary editions of 18th-century instrumental music, particularly trio sonatas. An accomplished amateur violinist, Mackay-Smith acquired much of his chamber music for purely practical purposes. His chamber music partners included his brother, Carleton Sprague Smith, flutist and chief of the New York Public Library's Music Division from 1931 to 1943 and again from 1946 to 1959; Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge, pianist, composer, and patroness of music; and Constance Darden, violinist and violist, wife of the University of Virginia's President, Colgate Darden. The majority of the works represented in this catalogue were purchased in Paris and London between 1928 and 1934. After graduating from Harvard in 1924, Mackay-Smith spent several years in Europe: I bought my first early music from Harold Reeves in London in the summer of 1928 when I was able to acquire virtually all the 18th century editions, particularly of trio music, which he then had in stock, going back not only through his current but also through earlier catalogues, picking out numbers which remained unsold. It is almost a shame today to think of the prices at which such things were then available, one or two pounds apiece. 2 Otto Haas, in Berlin and then later in London, was another source for much of the music described here. Following World War II, Mackay-Smith deposited his entire music collection with the University of Virginia Library: The University seemed like a logical place to deposit [it], since my children are descended from Thomas Jefferson; since, as you well know, Jefferson played the violin almost every day of his life... 3 It is particularly fitting, I think, that the chamber music for violin which Thomas Jefferson so enjoyed playing should now be fully represented at the University which he founded. 4 The Mackay-Smith Collection in fact shows similarity to the music section of Jefferson's own catalogue of 1783. It is scarcely coincidental that the trio sonatas of Carlo Antonio Campioni (1720-1788), one of Jefferson's favorite composers, are especially well represented. Jefferson had at one point taken the trouble to transcribe some 38 incipits of works by Campioni already in his library, with a note in the margin to a London dealer asking for any other works he had also composed, \"Solos, Duets, or Trios. Printed copies would be preferred...\" 5 It was in much the same systematic fashion that Alexander Mackay-Smith developed his own collection of instrumental chamber music, with special emphasis on the trio sonata. A lawyer by profession, Mackay-Smith might also confess, as had Jefferson, that \"music is the favorite passion of my soul.\" 6 Jefferson, however, had been forced to concede that \"fortune has cast my lot in a country where it is in a state of deplorable barbarism.\" That these circumstances no longer obtain is due in no small measure to the efforts of Alexander Mackay-Smith and other collectors like him.","Editorial Method The form of entry for each composer's name follows that in the Library of Congress authority file, where such an entry exists, or The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd ed. . In the case of composers whose works were first published during both the 18th and 19th centuries, only composers born before 1770 have been included. This is approximately the same criterion for inclusion in RISM Series A/I. A brief filing title is provided to facilitate browsing and ensure a logical and consistent sequence among entries. The form is essentially that established by the second edition of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules ( Chicago : American Library Association , 1979 ) . A few minor exceptions have been adopted for the sake of both brevity and clarity. Unless otherwise indicated, all individual parts within a set have identical title-pages. The format (folio, quarto, etc.) is based on the number of times the original sheets of paper have been folded to make individual leaves. 7 The terminology for the oblong formats is that suggested by D. W. Krummel. 8 Two sets of dimensions are given for all engraved title-pages: the first represents the imaginary rectangle that would enclose all elements of the engraved surface; the second measurement, in parentheses, represents the plate mark. The names of individual parts are transcribed exactly as they appear on the parts themselves, usually as running heads. The system used for describing pagination has been taken from Cecil Hopkinson's various bibliographies of Berlioz, Gluck, Puccini, etc., and is self-explanatory. No attemp has been made to collate gatherings. 9 The title of each work and its sequence of movements and keys are transcribed as they appear on the first part listed in the work's contents. Any exceptions to this, the primary source of information, are specifically noted in square brackets. For dates, the terminology used is that recommended by the International Association of Music Libraries' Guide for Dating Early Published Music . 10 Whenever possible, dates of issue are provided; for lack of sufficient evidence, however, most dates in this catalogue must be considered dates of editions. All citation to the Répertoire international des sources musicales, unless otherwise noted, are to Series A/I, Einzeldrucke vor 1801, edited by Karl-Heinz Schlager (Kassel: Bärenreiter, 1971-1981) . If the Mackay-Smith exemplar differs significantly from the entry appearing in RISM, discrepancies are noted in parentheses following the RISM number. The dates that appear at the end of many of the call numbers derive from the original cataloguing of the collection at the University of Virginia in the late 1940s. Although an integral part of the call number, they have no significance in and of themselves.","Notes 1 Alexender Mackay-Smith to Stephen Tuttle, Professor of Music, 16 July 1948, Mackay-Smith papers, Alderman Library, University of Virginia. 2 Mackay-Smith to Jean Bonin, Music Librarian, 30 July 1974. 3 Ibid. 4 Mackay-Smith to Tuttle, 16 July 1948. 5 Both the music section of the 1783 catalogue and the Campioni incipits (undated) are reproduced and transcribed in Carolyn Galbraith Nolan's \"Thomas Jefferson, Gentleman Musician\" (M.A. thesis, University of Virginia, 1967). Nolan's transcriptions of the catalogue also appears in Helen Cripe's Thomas Jefferson and Music (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1974), pp. 97-104. 6 Thomas Jefferson to Giovanni Fabbroni, 8 June 1778, in The Papers of Thomas Jefferson , edited by Julian Boyden, v. 2 ( Princeton : Princeton University Press , 1950 ) , p. 196 . 7 See Ronald B. McKerrow , An Introduction to Bibliography ( Oxford : Clarendon Press , 1927 ), pp. 164-174 . 8 D. W. Krummel , \" Oblong Format in Early Music Books ,\" The Library , 5th series, 26 ( 1971 ) , pp. 312-324 . 9 As Krummel has pointed out, the leaves of most engraved music after 1700 are gathered either singly or in twos ( \" Bibliography of Music ,\" The New Grove , v. 2 , p. 683) \"and the important changes in text usually took place on the plates, making the assembly largely irrelevant for textual work.\" ( \" Musical Functions and Bibliographical Forms ,\" The Library , 5th series, 31 [ 1976 ] , p. 337 ). 10 Compiled by D. W. Krummel ( Hackensack, N.J. : Joseph Boonin , 1974 ) ."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract\u003eThe Mackay-Smith Collection's greatest strength is in contemporary editions of 18th-century instrumental music, particularly trio sonatas. The collection shows similarity to the music section of Jefferson's catalogue of 1783. The trio sonatas of Carlo Antonio Campioni (1720-1788), one of Jefferson's favorite composers, are especially well represented.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Mackay-Smith Collection's greatest strength is in contemporary editions of 18th-century instrumental music, particularly trio sonatas. The collection shows similarity to the music section of Jefferson's catalogue of 1783. The trio sonatas of Carlo Antonio Campioni (1720-1788), one of Jefferson's favorite composers, are especially well represented."],"names_ssim":["University of Virginia. Small Special Collections Library","Harp and Hoboy","Longman \u0026 Co.","Welcker's Musick Shop","Harp and Hautboy","Harp and Crown","Simpsons Musick Shop","Viol and Flute","Janet et Cotelle","Golden Viol and Flute","Violin and Lute","Mr. Forsters Music Shop","Mme. Duhan et Cie.","Orpheus (Firm)","Golden Harp","Golden Viol","Règle d'Or","Croix d'Or","Longman and Broderip [London, England]","Simpson's Musick Shop","Golden Bass","Musique royale [Firm]","Grand magazine de musique","Handel's Head","Bass Viol \u0026 Flute","Longman, Lukey \u0026 Co.","Charles \u0026 Samuel Thompson","Thompson \u0026 Son","Conservatoire de Musique [France]","Straight \u0026 Skillern","Chales \u0026 Samuel Thompson","Comédie Françoise","Longman, Lukey \u0026 Broderip","John and Joseph Hare","Lyre and Owl","Monzani \u0026 Cimador","Corri, Dussek \u0026 Co.","J. Longman \u0026 Co. [London, England]","Breitkopf \u0026 Härtel","Ronald B. McKerrow","D. W. Krummel","Bauer, Carla Christine","Bell, A. Craig","Benton, Rita","Brainard, Paul","Devriès, Anik","François Lesure","Dounias, Minos","Fred, Herbert William","Gérard, Yves","Haas, Otto","Hopkinson, Cecil","Hoboken, Anthony van","Humphries, Charles","William C. Smith","Jenkins, Newell","Bathia Churgin","Johansson, Cari","Knape, Walter","Köchel, Ludwig, Ritter von","Lesure, François","Marx, Hans Joachim","Priestman, Brian","Smith, William Charles","Charles Humphries","Terry, Charles Sanford","Vairasse, Denis","Wotquenne, Alfred","Zimmerman, Franklin B.","Zschinsky-Troxler, Elisabeth","Abel, Karl Friedrich, 1723-1787","Napier, William, 1740?-1812","Bremner, Robert, d. 1789","Agus, Giuseppe","Welcker, John","Alberti, Pietro","Roger, Estienne, 1665-1722","Albertini, Giuseppe","Hummell, A.","Albicastro, Henricus","Albinoni, Tomaso, 1671-1750","Walsh, John, 1665 or 6-1736","Alcock, John, 1715-1806","Androux, Giovanni Giacomo","Welcker, Peter, d. 1775","Arne, Thomas Augustine, 1710-1778","Oliver y Astorga, Juan, 1733 or 4-1830","Avison, Charles, 1709-1770","Scarlatti, Domenico, 1685-1757","Denson, R.","Barber, Joseph","Richard Newton","Jack Lee Cassingham","Johnson, John, fl. 1754-1770","Phillips, John","Phillips, Sarah","Bach, Johann Christian, 1735-1782","Hummel, Johann Julius, 1728-1798","Barbandt, Charles","Barbella, Emanuele, 1718-1777","Barthélemon, F. 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A.","Martin, François, 1727-1757","Le Clerc, Charles-Nicolas, 1697-1774","Laymon, Mademoiselle, fl. 1743-1752","Mascitti, Michele, 1663 or 1664-1760","Menesini, Bartolomeo","Fougt, Henric, 1720-1782","Morigi, Angelo, 1725-1801","Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 1756-1791","Nardini, Pietro, 1722-1793","Noferi, Giovan Battista, 18 th cent.","Nussen, Frederick","Paganelli, Giuseppe Antonio, 1710-ca. 1763","Le Clerc, Mr., le Cadet.","Le Clerc, Sr., Mr.","Hüe, L.","Pasquali, Nicolo, ca. 1718-1757","Paxton, Stephen, 1734-1787","Baker","Pellegrino, Ferdinando, ca. 1715-ca. 1766","Bertin, Mlle., fl. 1740-1763","Pesch, Carl August","Pichl, Wenzel, 1741-1805","Piombanti, Francesco","Thorowgood, Henry","Piozzi, Gabriele Mario, 1740-1809","Pleyel, Ignaz, 1757-1831","Lobry","Porta, Bernardo, 1758-1829","Nadermann, Barbe Rose Courtois, 1755-1839","Pugnani, Gaetano, 1731-1798","Frere","Ceron, Jean-Baptiste","Frères le Goux","Pujolas, J. 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[Pleyel]\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"B-Pleyel\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eBenton, Rita\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eIgnace Pleyel: A Thematic Catalogue of His Compositions\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eNew York\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003ePendragon Press\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1977\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eB. [Tartini]\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"B-Tartini\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eBrainard, Paul\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eLe sonate per violino di Giuseppe Tartini: catalog tematico\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eMilan\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eCarisch\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1975\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eBUCEM\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"BUCEM\"\u003e\n                           \u003ctitle\u003eThe British Union-Catalogue of Early Music Before the Year 1801: A Record of the Holdings of over One Hundred Libraries Throughout the British Isles\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e2 vols. Edited by Edith B. Schnapper.\u003cgeogname\u003eLondon\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eButterworths\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1957\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eCPM\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"CPM\"\u003e\n                           \u003ctitle\u003eThe Catalogue of Printed Music in the British Library to 1980\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003eEdited by Laureen Baillie.\u003cgeogname\u003eLondon\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eK. G. Saur\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1981-\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e\n                        \u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Devriès\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eDevriès, Anik\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eÉdition et commerce de la musique graveée a Paris dans la première moitié du XVIIIe siècle: les Boivin, les Leclerc\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eGeneva\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eMinkoff\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1976\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eDevriès-Lesure\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Devriès-Lesure\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eDevriès, Anik\u003c/persname\u003e, and\u003cpersname\u003eFrançois Lesure\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eDictionnaire des éditeurs de musique français\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eGeneva\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eMinkoff\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1979-\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e\n                        \u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eD.\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"D\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eDounias, Minos\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eDie Volinkonzerte Giuseppe Tartinis\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eMunich\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eDruck der Salesianischen Offizin\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1935\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Fred\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eFred, Herbert William\u003c/persname\u003e. \"\u003ctitle\u003eThe Instrumental Music of Johann Christoph Pepusch\u003c/title\u003e.\"\u003cimprint\u003ePh.D. dissertation,\u003cpublisher\u003eUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1961\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eG.\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"G\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eGérard, Yves\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eThematic, Bibliographical, and Critical Catalogue of the Works of Luigi Boccherini\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eLondon\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eOxford University Press\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1969\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Haas\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eHaas, Otto\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eCatalogue No. 20: The Valuable Music Library formed by Alfred Moffat, Esq.\u003c/title\u003e\n                           \u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eLondon\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eHaas\u003c/publisher\u003e, [\u003cdate\u003e1944\u003c/date\u003e]\u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Hopkinson\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eHopkinson, Cecil\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eA Dictionary of Parisian Music Publishers, 1700-1950\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eNew York\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eDa Capo\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1979\u003c/date\u003e(reprint of the London, 1954, ed.).\u003c/imprint\u003e\n                        \u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eHob.\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Hob\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eHoboken, Anthony van\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eJoseph Haydn: Thematisch-bibliographisches Werkverzeichnis\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e3 vols.\u003cgeogname\u003eMainz\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eB. Schott's Söhne\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1957-78\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eHumphries-Smith\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Humphries-Smith\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eHumphries, Charles\u003c/persname\u003e, and\u003cpersname\u003eWilliam C. Smith\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eMusic Publishing in the British Isles, from the Beginning until the Middle Part of the Nineteenth Century\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e2nd ed.\u003cgeogname\u003eNew York\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eBarnes \u0026amp; Noble\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1970\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eJ.\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"J\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eJenkins, Newell\u003c/persname\u003e, and\u003cpersname\u003eBathia Churgin\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eThematic Catalogue of the Works of Giovanni Battista Sammartini: Orchestral and Vocal Music\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eCambridge, Mass.\u003c/geogname\u003e: Published for the American Musicological Society by\u003cpublisher\u003eHarvard University Press\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1976\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eJohansson/French\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Johansson-French\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eJohansson, Cari\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eFrench Music Publishers' Catalogues of the Second Half of the Eighteenth Century\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e2 vols.\u003cgeogname\u003eStockholm\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eKungl\u003c/publisher\u003e. Musikaliska Akademiens bibliothek, 1955\u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eJohansson/Hummel\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Johansson-Hummel\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eJohansson, Cari\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eJ. J. \u0026amp; B. Hummel Music-Publishing and Thematic Catalogues\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e3 vols.\u003cgeogname\u003eStockholm\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eAlmquist \u0026amp; Wiksell\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1972\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Knape\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eKnape, Walter\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eBibliographisch-thematisches Verzeichnis der Kompositionen von Karl Friedrich Abel\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eCuxhaven\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eW. Knape\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1972\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eK.\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"K\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eKöchel, Ludwig, Ritter von\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eChronologisch-thematisches Verzeichnis sämtlicher Tonwerke Wolfgang Amadé Mozarts\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e6th ed., edited by Franz Giegling, Alexander Weinmann, and Gerd Sievers.\u003cgeogname\u003eWiesbaden\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eBreitkopf \u0026amp; Härtel\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1964\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eLesure/Bibliographie\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Lesure-Bibliographie\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eLesure, François\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eBibliographie des éditions musicales publiées par Estienne Roger et Michel-Charles Le Cène, Amsterdam, 1696-1743\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eParis\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eSociété française de musicologie\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1969\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eLesure/Catalogue\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Lesure-Catalogue\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eLesure, François\u003c/persname\u003e, ed.\u003ctitle\u003eCatalogue de la musique imprimée avant 1800 conservée dans les bibliotheques publiques de Paris\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eParis\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eBibliothèque Nationale\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1981\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Marx\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eMarx, Hans Joachim\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eDie Überlieferung der Werke Arcangelo Corellis: Catalogue rasionné\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eCologne\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eArno Volk Verlag\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1980\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Grove\"\u003e\n                           \u003ctitle\u003eThe New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003eEdited by Stanley Sadie. 20 vols.\u003cgeogname\u003eLondon\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eMacmillan\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1980\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"NewGrove2\"\u003e\n                           \u003ctitle\u003eThe New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd ed.\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003eEdited by Stanley Sadie. 29 vols.\u003cgeogname\u003eLondon\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eMacmillan\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e2001.\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Priestman\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003ePriestman, Brian\u003c/persname\u003e. \"\u003ctitle\u003eCatalogue thématique des oeuvres de Jean-Baptiste, John et Jacques Loeillet\u003c/title\u003e,\"\u003ctitle\u003eRevue belge de musicologie\u003c/title\u003e,\u003cimprint\u003e6 (\u003cdate\u003e1952\u003c/date\u003e)\u003c/imprint\u003e, pp. 219-274.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eRISM\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"RISM\"\u003e\n                           \u003ctitle\u003eRépertoire international des sources musicales, series A/I. Einzeldrucke vor 1801\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003eEdited by Karl-Heinz Schlager. 10 vols.\u003cgeogname\u003eKassel\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eBärenreiter\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1971-1981\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eRISM B/II\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"RISM-B-II\"\u003e\n                           \u003ctitle\u003eRépertoire international des sources musicales, series B, volume 2. Recueils imprimées\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003eEdited by François Lesure.\u003cgeogname\u003eMunich\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eG. Henle\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1964\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eSmith\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Smith\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eSmith, William Charles\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eA Bibliography of the Musical Works Published by John Walsh, During the Years 1695-1720\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eLondon\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eThe Bibliographical Society\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1948\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eSmith/Handel\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Smith-Handel\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eSmith, William Charles\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eHandel: A Descriptive Catalogue of the Early Editions\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e2nd edition.\u003cgeogname\u003eNew York\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eBarnes \u0026amp; Noble\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1970\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eSmith-Humphries\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Smith-Humphries\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eSmith, William Charles\u003c/persname\u003e, and\u003cpersname\u003eCharles Humphries\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eA Bibliography of the Musical Works Published by the Firm of John Walsh During the Years 1721-1766\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eLondon\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eThe Bibliographical Society\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1968\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Terry\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eTerry, Charles Sanford\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eJohn Christian Bach\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e2nd edition.\u003cgeogname\u003eLondon\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eOxford University Press\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1967\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Vairasse\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eVairasse, Denis\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eHistoire des Sevarambes\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003eNouvelle édition.\u003cgeogname\u003eAmsterdam\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eEstienne Roger\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1716\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e. Vol. 2, pp. 291-348: \"\u003ctitle\u003eCatalogue d'un asortiment general de musique, qui se vend à Amsterdam par Estienne Roger\u003c/title\u003e\".\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Wotquenne\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eWotquenne, Alfred\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eCatalogue thématique des œuvres de Chr. W. v. Gluck\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eLeipzig\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eBreitkopf \u0026amp; Härtel\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1904\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eZ. [Purcell]\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Z-Purcell\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eZimmerman, Franklin B.\u003c/persname\u003e\n                           \u003ctitle\u003eHenry Purcell, 1659-1695: An Analytical Catalogue of His Music\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eNew York\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eSt. Martin's Press\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1963\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n                  \u003crow\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003eZ. [Pugnani]\u003c/entry\u003e\n                     \u003centry\u003e\n                        \u003cbibref id=\"Z-Pugnani\"\u003e\n                           \u003cpersname\u003eZschinsky-Troxler, Elisabeth\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003ctitle\u003eGaetano Pugnani, 1731-1798: ein Beitrag zur Stilerfassung italienischer Vorklassik\u003c/title\u003e.\u003cimprint\u003e\n                              \u003cgeogname\u003eBerlin\u003c/geogname\u003e:\u003cpublisher\u003eAtlantis\u003c/publisher\u003e,\u003cdate\u003e1939\u003c/date\u003e\n                           \u003c/imprint\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n                     \u003c/entry\u003e\n                  \u003c/row\u003e\n               \u003c/tbody\u003e\n            \u003c/tgroup\u003e\n         \u003c/table\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viumu_mackay-smith"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08_c97","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Alexander Scott Withers and the Tavenner-Withers Families Correspondence and Other Material, folder 1 of 2 (contains correspondence [autographed letters signed] and miscellaneous manuscript items [1811-1888, 1924]; 9 items)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08_c97#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08_c97","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08_c97"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08_c97","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers","Series 8. Bound Notebooks"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers","Series 8. Bound Notebooks"],"text":["Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers","Series 8. Bound Notebooks","Alexander Scott Withers and the Tavenner-Withers Families Correspondence and Other Material, folder 1 of 2 (contains correspondence [autographed letters signed] and miscellaneous manuscript items [1811-1888, 1924]; 9 items)","Box 40","Folder 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"Alexander Scott Withers and the Tavenner-Withers Families Correspondence and Other Material, folder 1 of 2 (contains correspondence [autographed letters signed] and miscellaneous manuscript items [1811-1888, 1924]; 9 items)","title_ssm":["Alexander Scott Withers and the Tavenner-Withers Families Correspondence and Other Material, folder 1 of 2 (contains correspondence [autographed letters signed] and miscellaneous manuscript items [1811-1888, 1924]; 9 items)"],"title_tesim":["Alexander Scott Withers and the Tavenner-Withers Families Correspondence and Other Material, folder 1 of 2 (contains correspondence [autographed letters signed] and miscellaneous manuscript items [1811-1888, 1924]; 9 items)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1811-1924"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1811/1924"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexander Scott Withers and the Tavenner-Withers Families Correspondence and Other Material, folder 1 of 2 (contains correspondence [autographed letters signed] and miscellaneous manuscript items [1811-1888, 1924]; 9 items)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":9,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":3132,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924],"containers_ssim":["Box 40","Folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#7/components#96","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:09:00.006Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6199.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/199148","title_ssm":["Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers"],"title_tesim":["Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1679-1984, undated","1840-1960"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1840-1960"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1679-1984, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1561","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6199"],"text":["A\u0026M 1561","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6199","Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers","Charleston (W. Va.)","Gilmer County (W. Va.)","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Kanawha River Valley (W. Va.)","Lewis County (W. Va.)","Ohio River Valley -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Military life","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Veterans","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865","Academies and Institutes.","Accounting","Bridges -- West Virginia","Fortification -- West Virginia","Genealogy","Pharmacy -- History","Philippi, Battle of, Philippi, W. Va., 1861","Railroads -- West Virginia","Rivers -- West Virginia","Roads -- West Virginia","Salt industry and trade - West Virginia.","Schools","Slavery -- West Virginia","Steamboats","Toll roads  -- West Virginia","Valleys -- West Virginia","West Virginia - Church history.","Women's history -- 1800-1849","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","Women's history -- Pre-1800","Diaries","Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Roy Bird Cook  (April 1, 1886 - November 21, 1961) was born in Lewis County, near Roanoke, WV. Cook was a pharmacist and prominent West Virginia historian. Cook wrote several books on the history of Lewis County and biographies of Stonewall Jackson and Alexander Scott Withers, and contributed historical articles to a wide variety of publications. He also collected Civil War and early West Virginia documents and memorabilia. More biographical information on Mr. Cook is available in the \"Records of the 31st Virginia Infantry Regiment, C.S.A.\" (see link in Instances).","The 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment  was formed in the early weeks of the Civil War when Confederate General Robert E. Lee ordered the recruitment of troops to protect railroad lines running through western Virginia's northern counties. On May 4, Lee appointed Colonel George Porterfield to assume command of these forces, which were being raised primarily in Taylor, Marion, Harrison, Monongalia, and Barbour Counties. In the next few weeks, these new recruits found themselves in the war's first arena, a tactical struggle for control of the Confederacy's northwestern flank--the hills, rails, and rivers of what would soon become the nation's 35th state, West Virginia.","Composed of some of the war's earliest recruits, the 31st Virginia Infantry would see action under General Garnett, William L. \"Mudwall\" Jackson, Jones and Imboden, Stonewall Jackson, Jubal Early, and many more legendary Confederate commanders, at battles including Corrick's Ford, Cross Keys, Cold Harbor, Gettysburg, New Market, and others. Approximately 57 of the 850 men who joined the regiment in 1861 witnessed Lee's surrender at Appomattox on April 9, 1865.","A detailed history of the 31st Virginia by James Dell Cooke is available online (see link in Instances).","Researchers are also referred to John M. Ashcraft's '31st Virginia Infantry' (Lynchburg, Va.: H.E. Howard, 1988).","Granville Davisson Hall  (September 17, 1837 - June 24, 1934) worked for the Wheeling 'Intelligencer' as a reporter and editor. He also recorded the proceedings of the Wheeling Conventions, which led to the creation of the state of West Virginia. His notes were later published as 'The Rending of Virginia.' Hall also served as secretary to Governor Francis H. Pierpont when the Reorganized Government of Virginia was set up by the Second Wheeling Convention in 1861. In the new state government, Hall was elected the first clerk of the House of Delegates on June 20, 1863. In 1865, he was elected Secretary of State and also served as private secretary to West Virginia's first governor, Arthur I. Boreman. After the Civil War, Hall held several positions in the railroad industry.","Congressman and Confederate General  Albert Gallatin Jenkins  (November 10, 1830 - May 21, 1864) was born at Green Bottom, Cabell County. He practiced law in (West) Virginia and served in the U.S. Congress from 1857 to 1861. At the beginning of the Civil War, he enlisted recruits for a Virginia unit called the Border Rangers and was elected their captain. In August of 1861, he formed the 8th Virginia Cavalry and became its colonel. In early 1862, Jenkins was elected to the First Confederate Congress. In August of 1862, he was appointed brigadier general. He went on to command a battalion of cavalry at the Battle of Gettysburg. Jenkins died of wounds he received at the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain. Jenkins' Green Bottom plantation house, maintained as an historic site by the West Virginia Division of Culture and History, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.","Jonathan McCally Bennett  (October 4, 1816 - October 28, 1887) was born in Lewis County, (West) Virginia. He married Margaret Elizabeth Jackson, daughter of Captain George W. Jackson, cousin of Stonewall Jackson. Bennett was law partner of Gideon D. Camden, and in 1846 became the first Mayor of Weston. He served as a member of the General Assembly in 1852-1853, was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia at Weston in 1853, served as First Auditor of Virginia from 1857 to 1865, and served on the West Virginia Senate from 1872 to 1876. During the Civil War, he sided with the Confederacy. For additional collections related to J.M. Bennett and the Bennett family, see also A\u0026M 32, 35, 572, and others.","81, 858, 895, 1309, 1379, 1528, 1561","Papers collected by Roy Bird Cook, a Lewis County native and Charleston pharmacist, who in his role as historian, researcher, and author, was a pioneering and effective advocate for the preservation of West Virginia history. This collection includes the papers he collected in connection with his research, including documentation of the Civil War in West Virginia, Stonewall Jackson and his family, and genealogy of North Central West Virginia, among other topics.","Materials include letters and papers of the Hays family, including Samuel L. and Peregrine Hays of Gilmer County (1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated [includes facsimiles]); records of the Confederate 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and later correspondence, clippings, and papers about the regiment and its members (ca. 1856-1955, undated [includes facsimiles]); correspondence, photographs, and scrapbook-style notebooks of Roy Bird Cook (1896-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]); various collections of individual and family papers and Civil War correspondence (1793-1974, undated [includes facsimiles]); original and copies of Stonewall Jackson letters and papers, as well as papers pertaining to Jackson family members (1801-1963, undated [includes facsimiles]) (the original letter by T.J. Jackson has been separated to A\u0026M 435); and materials related to the history of pharmacy and medicine, with a special focus on West Virginia (ca. 1832-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]).","There is also an extensive series of bound notebooks containing manuscripts, transcriptions, clippings, genealogies, pamphlets, and images regarding the following topics: Stonewall Jackson, Mary Anna Morrison Jackson, Colonel George Jackson, and Thomas Jackson Arnold; the Civil War, including historical sketches of battles as well as originals and copies of soldiers' diaries, journals, and letters; Lewis County; Charleston and the Kanawha Valley; Douglas S. Freeman; Granville Davisson Hall; Camden family; George Washington; and other topics.","Please note: Additional processing took place in spring and summer 2012. Box and folder numbers from previous citations may no longer be accurate.","Series 1. Hays Family Papers; 1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated (includes facsimiles); box 1.","Series 2. Records of the 31st Virginia Infantry; ca. 1856-1955, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 2-3.","\nSeries 3. Roy Bird Cook Personal Papers; 1896-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 4-5.","Series 4. Miscellaneous History; 1783-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 6-7b.","Series 5. Individual, Family, and Civil War History Papers; 1793-1974, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 8-9.","Series 6. Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson Papers; 1801-1963, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 10-14c.","Series 7. Historical Articles and Other Printed Papers; 1928-1962, undated (includes facsimiles); box 15.","Series 8. Bound Notebooks; 1679-1984, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 16-40.","Series 9. Miscellaneous; ca. 1850-1866, 1909-1958, undated; box 41, folders 1-4.","Series 10. History of Pharmacy and the West Virginia Pharmaceutical Association; ca. 1832-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); box 41, folder 5 - box 42, folder 3 (includes unfoldered material).","Series 11. West Virginia Medical History and Biography; 1870-1911, 1936-1958, undated (includes facsimiles); box 42, folders 4-7.","Series 12. American Pharmaceutical Association; 1868, 1939-1961, undated; box 43.","Series 13. A.J. Volck Confederate Sketches; ca. 1880, 1915-1954, 2012, undated (includes facsimiles); box 44.","Series 14. Glass Plate Negatives; undated; box 45.","Series 15. Oversize Material; 1774-1964, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 46-52 and map cabinet 1, drawer 19.","Many items were transferred to the Printed Ephemera Collection, including \"Mark Twain's Family in Early History of West Virginia,\" by Robert Harrison Ferguson, A.M. Superintendent Mason County Schools, Point Pleasant, West Virginia (see P8616 in the Printed Ephemera Collection).","\nAn original letter from T.J. Jackson to Laura Ann Jackson Arnold, 26 October 1847, from Mexico City, Mexico, has been separated to the rare signature collection, A\u0026M 435.","\nFive original letters have been separated from Series 5. Individual, Family, and Civil War History Papers to A\u0026M 435. These are original manuscript letters authored by William McKinley, Rutherford B. Hayes, George McClellan, John S. Mosby, and Louis Philippe, and an original typescript letter from Theodore Roosevelt.","\n\"Front Elevation of Lunatic Asylum, West of the Alleghany Mountains\", \"R. Snowden Andrews, Architect, Baltimore, MD\" (1859; 12 1/2 in. x 49 in.) separated to A\u0026M 4071, Weston State Hospital.","\nMost photographs in this collection have been separated and digitized -- see scope and content note for link to photographs in West Virginia History OnView. Two of the photos were separated to A\u0026M 4168, Panoramic Photos Collection: Sheltering Arms Hosptial and Kanawha Falls.","\nLists of separated materials in the following categories can be found in the control folder: Broadsides \u0026 Programs, Newspapers/Periodicals, Circulars \u0026 West Virginia Pamphlets, and Maps.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers collected by Roy Bird Cook, a Lewis County native and Charleston pharmacist, who in his role as historian, researcher, and author, was a pioneering and effective advocate for the preservation of West Virginia history. This collection includes the papers he collected in connection with his research, including documentation of the Civil War in West Virginia, Stonewall Jackson and his family, and genealogy of North Central West Virginia, among other topics. Materials include letters and papers of the Hays family, including Samuel L. and Peregrine Hays of Gilmer County (1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated [includes facsimiles]); records of the Confederate 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and later correspondence, clippings, and papers about the regiment and its members (ca. 1856-1955, undated [includes facsimiles]); various collections of individual and family papers and Civil War correspondence (1793-1974, undated [includes facsimiles]); original and copies of Stonewall Jackson letters and papers, as well as papers pertaining to Jackson family members (1801-1963, undated [includes facsimiles]); and materials related to the history of pharmacy and medicine, with a special focus on West Virginia (ca. 1832-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]). There is also an extensive series of bound notebooks containing manuscripts, transcriptions, clippings, genealogies, pamphlets, and images regarding the following topics: Stonewall Jackson, Mary Anna Morrison Jackson, Colonel George Jackson, and Thomas Jackson Arnold; the Civil War, including historical sketches of battles as well as originals and copies of soldiers' diaries, journals, and letters; Lewis County; Charleston and the Kanawha Valley; Douglas S. Freeman; Granville Davisson Hall; Camden family; George Washington; and other topics.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Pharmaceutical Association","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Infantry Regiment, 22nd. Company B","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Infantry Regiment, 31st","West Virginia State Pharmaceutical Association","Bennett family","Camden family","Hayes family","Jackson family","Quarrier family","Ruffner family","Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961","Arnold, Thomas Jackson.","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Bennett, Jonathan McCally, 1816-1887.","Boone, Daniel, 1734-1820","Boreman, Arthur Inghram, 1823-1896","Brown, John, 1800-1859","Camden, Mary Belt Sprigg.","Camden, Thomas Bland, 1829-1910","Cooke, John Esten, 1830-1886.","Cooper, William P.","Cox, Jacob D (Jacob Dolson), 1828-1900","Crook, George, 1828-1890","Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916","Early, Jubal Anderson, 1816-1894","Ellis, James F.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Freeman, Douglas Southall, 1886-1953","Gallaher, D.C.","Hall, Granville Davisson, 1837-1934","Hayes, Rutherford B., 1822-1893","Hays, Peregrine.","Hays, Samuel L.","Hill, D. H. (Daniel Harvey), 1821-1889","Hubbard, C. D. (Chester Dorman), 1814-1891","Imboden, John D. (John Daniel), 1823-1895","Jackson, George.","Jackson, J.J.","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, 1830-1864","Kenna, John Edward, 1848-1893","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Levi, Mordecai.","Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson, 1824-1901.","MacCorkle, William Alexander, 1857-1930","Mastin, John A.","McCausland, John, 1836-1927","McClellan, George B. (George Brinton), 1826-1885","McFarland, James C.","McKinley, William, 1843-1901","Mosby, John Singleton, 1833-1916","Pierpont, Francis Harrison, 1814-1899","Scott, Nathan Bay, 1842-1924","Volck, Adalbert John, 1828-1912","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Withers, Alexander Scott, 1792-1865","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1561","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6199"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Charleston (W. Va.)","Gilmer County (W. Va.)","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Kanawha River Valley (W. Va.)","Lewis County (W. Va.)","Ohio River Valley -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Military life","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Veterans","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["Charleston (W. Va.)","Gilmer County (W. Va.)","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Kanawha River Valley (W. Va.)","Lewis County (W. Va.)","Ohio River Valley -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Military life","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Veterans","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961"],"creator_ssim":["Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961"],"creators_ssim":["Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961"],"places_ssim":["Charleston (W. Va.)","Gilmer County (W. Va.)","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Kanawha River Valley (W. Va.)","Lewis County (W. Va.)","Ohio River Valley -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Military life","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Veterans","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Academies and Institutes.","Accounting","Bridges -- West Virginia","Fortification -- West Virginia","Genealogy","Pharmacy -- History","Philippi, Battle of, Philippi, W. Va., 1861","Railroads -- West Virginia","Rivers -- West Virginia","Roads -- West Virginia","Salt industry and trade - West Virginia.","Schools","Slavery -- West Virginia","Steamboats","Toll roads  -- West Virginia","Valleys -- West Virginia","West Virginia - Church history.","Women's history -- 1800-1849","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","Women's history -- Pre-1800","Diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Academies and Institutes.","Accounting","Bridges -- West Virginia","Fortification -- West Virginia","Genealogy","Pharmacy -- History","Philippi, Battle of, Philippi, W. Va., 1861","Railroads -- West Virginia","Rivers -- West Virginia","Roads -- West Virginia","Salt industry and trade - West Virginia.","Schools","Slavery -- West Virginia","Steamboats","Toll roads  -- West Virginia","Valleys -- West Virginia","West Virginia - Church history.","Women's history -- 1800-1849","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","Women's history -- Pre-1800","Diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.6 Linear Feet 20 ft. 7 in. (33 document cases, 5 in. each); (12 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (2 small flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (1 medium flat storage box, 1 1/2 in.); (3 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (3 large flat storage boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (10 oversize folders, 1 in.); (2 record cartons, 15 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["20.6 Linear Feet 20 ft. 7 in. (33 document cases, 5 in. each); (12 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (2 small flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (1 medium flat storage box, 1 1/2 in.); (3 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (3 large flat storage boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (10 oversize folders, 1 in.); (2 record cartons, 15 in. each)"],"genreform_ssim":["Diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eRoy Bird Cook\u003c/emph\u003e (April 1, 1886 - November 21, 1961) was born in Lewis County, near Roanoke, WV. Cook was a pharmacist and prominent West Virginia historian. Cook wrote several books on the history of Lewis County and biographies of Stonewall Jackson and Alexander Scott Withers, and contributed historical articles to a wide variety of publications. He also collected Civil War and early West Virginia documents and memorabilia. More biographical information on Mr. Cook is available in the \"Records of the 31st Virginia Infantry Regiment, C.S.A.\" (see link in Instances).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThe 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment\u003c/emph\u003e was formed in the early weeks of the Civil War when Confederate General Robert E. Lee ordered the recruitment of troops to protect railroad lines running through western Virginia's northern counties. On May 4, Lee appointed Colonel George Porterfield to assume command of these forces, which were being raised primarily in Taylor, Marion, Harrison, Monongalia, and Barbour Counties. In the next few weeks, these new recruits found themselves in the war's first arena, a tactical struggle for control of the Confederacy's northwestern flank--the hills, rails, and rivers of what would soon become the nation's 35th state, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eComposed of some of the war's earliest recruits, the 31st Virginia Infantry would see action under General Garnett, William L. \"Mudwall\" Jackson, Jones and Imboden, Stonewall Jackson, Jubal Early, and many more legendary Confederate commanders, at battles including Corrick's Ford, Cross Keys, Cold Harbor, Gettysburg, New Market, and others. Approximately 57 of the 850 men who joined the regiment in 1861 witnessed Lee's surrender at Appomattox on April 9, 1865.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA detailed history of the 31st Virginia by James Dell Cooke is available online (see link in Instances).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers are also referred to John M. Ashcraft's '31st Virginia Infantry' (Lynchburg, Va.: H.E. Howard, 1988).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eGranville Davisson Hall\u003c/emph\u003e (September 17, 1837 - June 24, 1934) worked for the Wheeling 'Intelligencer' as a reporter and editor. He also recorded the proceedings of the Wheeling Conventions, which led to the creation of the state of West Virginia. His notes were later published as 'The Rending of Virginia.' Hall also served as secretary to Governor Francis H. Pierpont when the Reorganized Government of Virginia was set up by the Second Wheeling Convention in 1861. In the new state government, Hall was elected the first clerk of the House of Delegates on June 20, 1863. In 1865, he was elected Secretary of State and also served as private secretary to West Virginia's first governor, Arthur I. Boreman. After the Civil War, Hall held several positions in the railroad industry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCongressman and Confederate General \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAlbert Gallatin Jenkins\u003c/emph\u003e (November 10, 1830 - May 21, 1864) was born at Green Bottom, Cabell County. He practiced law in (West) Virginia and served in the U.S. Congress from 1857 to 1861. At the beginning of the Civil War, he enlisted recruits for a Virginia unit called the Border Rangers and was elected their captain. In August of 1861, he formed the 8th Virginia Cavalry and became its colonel. In early 1862, Jenkins was elected to the First Confederate Congress. In August of 1862, he was appointed brigadier general. He went on to command a battalion of cavalry at the Battle of Gettysburg. Jenkins died of wounds he received at the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain. Jenkins' Green Bottom plantation house, maintained as an historic site by the West Virginia Division of Culture and History, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eJonathan McCally Bennett\u003c/emph\u003e (October 4, 1816 - October 28, 1887) was born in Lewis County, (West) Virginia. He married Margaret Elizabeth Jackson, daughter of Captain George W. Jackson, cousin of Stonewall Jackson. Bennett was law partner of Gideon D. Camden, and in 1846 became the first Mayor of Weston. He served as a member of the General Assembly in 1852-1853, was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia at Weston in 1853, served as First Auditor of Virginia from 1857 to 1865, and served on the West Virginia Senate from 1872 to 1876. During the Civil War, he sided with the Confederacy. For additional collections related to J.M. Bennett and the Bennett family, see also A\u0026amp;M 32, 35, 572, and others.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Roy Bird Cook  (April 1, 1886 - November 21, 1961) was born in Lewis County, near Roanoke, WV. Cook was a pharmacist and prominent West Virginia historian. Cook wrote several books on the history of Lewis County and biographies of Stonewall Jackson and Alexander Scott Withers, and contributed historical articles to a wide variety of publications. He also collected Civil War and early West Virginia documents and memorabilia. More biographical information on Mr. Cook is available in the \"Records of the 31st Virginia Infantry Regiment, C.S.A.\" (see link in Instances).","The 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment  was formed in the early weeks of the Civil War when Confederate General Robert E. Lee ordered the recruitment of troops to protect railroad lines running through western Virginia's northern counties. On May 4, Lee appointed Colonel George Porterfield to assume command of these forces, which were being raised primarily in Taylor, Marion, Harrison, Monongalia, and Barbour Counties. In the next few weeks, these new recruits found themselves in the war's first arena, a tactical struggle for control of the Confederacy's northwestern flank--the hills, rails, and rivers of what would soon become the nation's 35th state, West Virginia.","Composed of some of the war's earliest recruits, the 31st Virginia Infantry would see action under General Garnett, William L. \"Mudwall\" Jackson, Jones and Imboden, Stonewall Jackson, Jubal Early, and many more legendary Confederate commanders, at battles including Corrick's Ford, Cross Keys, Cold Harbor, Gettysburg, New Market, and others. Approximately 57 of the 850 men who joined the regiment in 1861 witnessed Lee's surrender at Appomattox on April 9, 1865.","A detailed history of the 31st Virginia by James Dell Cooke is available online (see link in Instances).","Researchers are also referred to John M. Ashcraft's '31st Virginia Infantry' (Lynchburg, Va.: H.E. Howard, 1988).","Granville Davisson Hall  (September 17, 1837 - June 24, 1934) worked for the Wheeling 'Intelligencer' as a reporter and editor. He also recorded the proceedings of the Wheeling Conventions, which led to the creation of the state of West Virginia. His notes were later published as 'The Rending of Virginia.' Hall also served as secretary to Governor Francis H. Pierpont when the Reorganized Government of Virginia was set up by the Second Wheeling Convention in 1861. In the new state government, Hall was elected the first clerk of the House of Delegates on June 20, 1863. In 1865, he was elected Secretary of State and also served as private secretary to West Virginia's first governor, Arthur I. Boreman. After the Civil War, Hall held several positions in the railroad industry.","Congressman and Confederate General  Albert Gallatin Jenkins  (November 10, 1830 - May 21, 1864) was born at Green Bottom, Cabell County. He practiced law in (West) Virginia and served in the U.S. Congress from 1857 to 1861. At the beginning of the Civil War, he enlisted recruits for a Virginia unit called the Border Rangers and was elected their captain. In August of 1861, he formed the 8th Virginia Cavalry and became its colonel. In early 1862, Jenkins was elected to the First Confederate Congress. In August of 1862, he was appointed brigadier general. He went on to command a battalion of cavalry at the Battle of Gettysburg. Jenkins died of wounds he received at the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain. Jenkins' Green Bottom plantation house, maintained as an historic site by the West Virginia Division of Culture and History, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.","Jonathan McCally Bennett  (October 4, 1816 - October 28, 1887) was born in Lewis County, (West) Virginia. He married Margaret Elizabeth Jackson, daughter of Captain George W. Jackson, cousin of Stonewall Jackson. Bennett was law partner of Gideon D. Camden, and in 1846 became the first Mayor of Weston. He served as a member of the General Assembly in 1852-1853, was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia at Weston in 1853, served as First Auditor of Virginia from 1857 to 1865, and served on the West Virginia Senate from 1872 to 1876. During the Civil War, he sided with the Confederacy. For additional collections related to J.M. Bennett and the Bennett family, see also A\u0026M 32, 35, 572, and others."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1561, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers, A\u0026M 1561, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e81, 858, 895, 1309, 1379, 1528, 1561\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["81, 858, 895, 1309, 1379, 1528, 1561"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers collected by Roy Bird Cook, a Lewis County native and Charleston pharmacist, who in his role as historian, researcher, and author, was a pioneering and effective advocate for the preservation of West Virginia history. This collection includes the papers he collected in connection with his research, including documentation of the Civil War in West Virginia, Stonewall Jackson and his family, and genealogy of North Central West Virginia, among other topics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials include letters and papers of the Hays family, including Samuel L. and Peregrine Hays of Gilmer County (1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated [includes facsimiles]); records of the Confederate 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and later correspondence, clippings, and papers about the regiment and its members (ca. 1856-1955, undated [includes facsimiles]); correspondence, photographs, and scrapbook-style notebooks of Roy Bird Cook (1896-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]); various collections of individual and family papers and Civil War correspondence (1793-1974, undated [includes facsimiles]); original and copies of Stonewall Jackson letters and papers, as well as papers pertaining to Jackson family members (1801-1963, undated [includes facsimiles]) (the original letter by T.J. Jackson has been separated to A\u0026amp;M 435); and materials related to the history of pharmacy and medicine, with a special focus on West Virginia (ca. 1832-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also an extensive series of bound notebooks containing manuscripts, transcriptions, clippings, genealogies, pamphlets, and images regarding the following topics: Stonewall Jackson, Mary Anna Morrison Jackson, Colonel George Jackson, and Thomas Jackson Arnold; the Civil War, including historical sketches of battles as well as originals and copies of soldiers' diaries, journals, and letters; Lewis County; Charleston and the Kanawha Valley; Douglas S. Freeman; Granville Davisson Hall; Camden family; George Washington; and other topics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note: Additional processing took place in spring and summer 2012. Box and folder numbers from previous citations may no longer be accurate.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Hays Family Papers; 1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated (includes facsimiles); box 1.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2. Records of the 31st Virginia Infantry; ca. 1856-1955, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 2-3.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 3. Roy Bird Cook Personal Papers; 1896-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 4-5.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4. Miscellaneous History; 1783-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 6-7b.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5. Individual, Family, and Civil War History Papers; 1793-1974, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 8-9.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6. Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson Papers; 1801-1963, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 10-14c.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7. Historical Articles and Other Printed Papers; 1928-1962, undated (includes facsimiles); box 15.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8. Bound Notebooks; 1679-1984, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 16-40.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9. Miscellaneous; ca. 1850-1866, 1909-1958, undated; box 41, folders 1-4.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10. History of Pharmacy and the West Virginia Pharmaceutical Association; ca. 1832-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); box 41, folder 5 - box 42, folder 3 (includes unfoldered material).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 11. West Virginia Medical History and Biography; 1870-1911, 1936-1958, undated (includes facsimiles); box 42, folders 4-7.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 12. American Pharmaceutical Association; 1868, 1939-1961, undated; box 43.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 13. A.J. Volck Confederate Sketches; ca. 1880, 1915-1954, 2012, undated (includes facsimiles); box 44.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 14. Glass Plate Negatives; undated; box 45.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 15. Oversize Material; 1774-1964, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 46-52 and map cabinet 1, drawer 19.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers collected by Roy Bird Cook, a Lewis County native and Charleston pharmacist, who in his role as historian, researcher, and author, was a pioneering and effective advocate for the preservation of West Virginia history. This collection includes the papers he collected in connection with his research, including documentation of the Civil War in West Virginia, Stonewall Jackson and his family, and genealogy of North Central West Virginia, among other topics.","Materials include letters and papers of the Hays family, including Samuel L. and Peregrine Hays of Gilmer County (1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated [includes facsimiles]); records of the Confederate 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and later correspondence, clippings, and papers about the regiment and its members (ca. 1856-1955, undated [includes facsimiles]); correspondence, photographs, and scrapbook-style notebooks of Roy Bird Cook (1896-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]); various collections of individual and family papers and Civil War correspondence (1793-1974, undated [includes facsimiles]); original and copies of Stonewall Jackson letters and papers, as well as papers pertaining to Jackson family members (1801-1963, undated [includes facsimiles]) (the original letter by T.J. Jackson has been separated to A\u0026M 435); and materials related to the history of pharmacy and medicine, with a special focus on West Virginia (ca. 1832-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]).","There is also an extensive series of bound notebooks containing manuscripts, transcriptions, clippings, genealogies, pamphlets, and images regarding the following topics: Stonewall Jackson, Mary Anna Morrison Jackson, Colonel George Jackson, and Thomas Jackson Arnold; the Civil War, including historical sketches of battles as well as originals and copies of soldiers' diaries, journals, and letters; Lewis County; Charleston and the Kanawha Valley; Douglas S. Freeman; Granville Davisson Hall; Camden family; George Washington; and other topics.","Please note: Additional processing took place in spring and summer 2012. Box and folder numbers from previous citations may no longer be accurate.","Series 1. Hays Family Papers; 1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated (includes facsimiles); box 1.","Series 2. Records of the 31st Virginia Infantry; ca. 1856-1955, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 2-3.","\nSeries 3. Roy Bird Cook Personal Papers; 1896-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 4-5.","Series 4. Miscellaneous History; 1783-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 6-7b.","Series 5. Individual, Family, and Civil War History Papers; 1793-1974, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 8-9.","Series 6. Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson Papers; 1801-1963, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 10-14c.","Series 7. Historical Articles and Other Printed Papers; 1928-1962, undated (includes facsimiles); box 15.","Series 8. Bound Notebooks; 1679-1984, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 16-40.","Series 9. Miscellaneous; ca. 1850-1866, 1909-1958, undated; box 41, folders 1-4.","Series 10. History of Pharmacy and the West Virginia Pharmaceutical Association; ca. 1832-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); box 41, folder 5 - box 42, folder 3 (includes unfoldered material).","Series 11. West Virginia Medical History and Biography; 1870-1911, 1936-1958, undated (includes facsimiles); box 42, folders 4-7.","Series 12. American Pharmaceutical Association; 1868, 1939-1961, undated; box 43.","Series 13. A.J. Volck Confederate Sketches; ca. 1880, 1915-1954, 2012, undated (includes facsimiles); box 44.","Series 14. Glass Plate Negatives; undated; box 45.","Series 15. Oversize Material; 1774-1964, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 46-52 and map cabinet 1, drawer 19."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMany items were transferred to the Printed Ephemera Collection, including \"Mark Twain's Family in Early History of West Virginia,\" by Robert Harrison Ferguson, A.M. Superintendent Mason County Schools, Point Pleasant, West Virginia (see P8616 in the Printed Ephemera Collection).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAn original letter from T.J. Jackson to Laura Ann Jackson Arnold, 26 October 1847, from Mexico City, Mexico, has been separated to the rare signature collection, A\u0026amp;M 435.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFive original letters have been separated from Series 5. Individual, Family, and Civil War History Papers to A\u0026amp;M 435. These are original manuscript letters authored by William McKinley, Rutherford B. Hayes, George McClellan, John S. Mosby, and Louis Philippe, and an original typescript letter from Theodore Roosevelt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\"Front Elevation of Lunatic Asylum, West of the Alleghany Mountains\", \"R. Snowden Andrews, Architect, Baltimore, MD\" (1859; 12 1/2 in. x 49 in.) separated to A\u0026amp;M 4071, Weston State Hospital.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMost photographs in this collection have been separated and digitized -- see scope and content note for link to photographs in West Virginia History OnView. Two of the photos were separated to A\u0026amp;M 4168, Panoramic Photos Collection: Sheltering Arms Hosptial and Kanawha Falls.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nLists of separated materials in the following categories can be found in the control folder: Broadsides \u0026amp; Programs, Newspapers/Periodicals, Circulars \u0026amp; West Virginia Pamphlets, and Maps.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Many items were transferred to the Printed Ephemera Collection, including \"Mark Twain's Family in Early History of West Virginia,\" by Robert Harrison Ferguson, A.M. Superintendent Mason County Schools, Point Pleasant, West Virginia (see P8616 in the Printed Ephemera Collection).","\nAn original letter from T.J. Jackson to Laura Ann Jackson Arnold, 26 October 1847, from Mexico City, Mexico, has been separated to the rare signature collection, A\u0026M 435.","\nFive original letters have been separated from Series 5. Individual, Family, and Civil War History Papers to A\u0026M 435. These are original manuscript letters authored by William McKinley, Rutherford B. Hayes, George McClellan, John S. Mosby, and Louis Philippe, and an original typescript letter from Theodore Roosevelt.","\n\"Front Elevation of Lunatic Asylum, West of the Alleghany Mountains\", \"R. Snowden Andrews, Architect, Baltimore, MD\" (1859; 12 1/2 in. x 49 in.) separated to A\u0026M 4071, Weston State Hospital.","\nMost photographs in this collection have been separated and digitized -- see scope and content note for link to photographs in West Virginia History OnView. Two of the photos were separated to A\u0026M 4168, Panoramic Photos Collection: Sheltering Arms Hosptial and Kanawha Falls.","\nLists of separated materials in the following categories can be found in the control folder: Broadsides \u0026 Programs, Newspapers/Periodicals, Circulars \u0026 West Virginia Pamphlets, and Maps."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3ccc07af556ba9d4c7990eed73312fc9\"\u003ePapers collected by Roy Bird Cook, a Lewis County native and Charleston pharmacist, who in his role as historian, researcher, and author, was a pioneering and effective advocate for the preservation of West Virginia history. This collection includes the papers he collected in connection with his research, including documentation of the Civil War in West Virginia, Stonewall Jackson and his family, and genealogy of North Central West Virginia, among other topics. Materials include letters and papers of the Hays family, including Samuel L. and Peregrine Hays of Gilmer County (1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated [includes facsimiles]); records of the Confederate 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and later correspondence, clippings, and papers about the regiment and its members (ca. 1856-1955, undated [includes facsimiles]); various collections of individual and family papers and Civil War correspondence (1793-1974, undated [includes facsimiles]); original and copies of Stonewall Jackson letters and papers, as well as papers pertaining to Jackson family members (1801-1963, undated [includes facsimiles]); and materials related to the history of pharmacy and medicine, with a special focus on West Virginia (ca. 1832-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]). There is also an extensive series of bound notebooks containing manuscripts, transcriptions, clippings, genealogies, pamphlets, and images regarding the following topics: Stonewall Jackson, Mary Anna Morrison Jackson, Colonel George Jackson, and Thomas Jackson Arnold; the Civil War, including historical sketches of battles as well as originals and copies of soldiers' diaries, journals, and letters; Lewis County; Charleston and the Kanawha Valley; Douglas S. Freeman; Granville Davisson Hall; Camden family; George Washington; and other topics.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers collected by Roy Bird Cook, a Lewis County native and Charleston pharmacist, who in his role as historian, researcher, and author, was a pioneering and effective advocate for the preservation of West Virginia history. This collection includes the papers he collected in connection with his research, including documentation of the Civil War in West Virginia, Stonewall Jackson and his family, and genealogy of North Central West Virginia, among other topics. Materials include letters and papers of the Hays family, including Samuel L. and Peregrine Hays of Gilmer County (1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated [includes facsimiles]); records of the Confederate 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and later correspondence, clippings, and papers about the regiment and its members (ca. 1856-1955, undated [includes facsimiles]); various collections of individual and family papers and Civil War correspondence (1793-1974, undated [includes facsimiles]); original and copies of Stonewall Jackson letters and papers, as well as papers pertaining to Jackson family members (1801-1963, undated [includes facsimiles]); and materials related to the history of pharmacy and medicine, with a special focus on West Virginia (ca. 1832-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]). There is also an extensive series of bound notebooks containing manuscripts, transcriptions, clippings, genealogies, pamphlets, and images regarding the following topics: Stonewall Jackson, Mary Anna Morrison Jackson, Colonel George Jackson, and Thomas Jackson Arnold; the Civil War, including historical sketches of battles as well as originals and copies of soldiers' diaries, journals, and letters; Lewis County; Charleston and the Kanawha Valley; Douglas S. Freeman; Granville Davisson Hall; Camden family; George Washington; and other topics."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e37bcc605bdcccbb7485ff3cacdfccb0\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Pharmaceutical Association","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Infantry Regiment, 22nd. Company B","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Infantry Regiment, 31st","West Virginia State Pharmaceutical Association","Bennett family","Camden family","Hayes family","Jackson family","Quarrier family","Ruffner family","Arnold, Thomas Jackson.","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Bennett, Jonathan McCally, 1816-1887.","Boone, Daniel, 1734-1820","Boreman, Arthur Inghram, 1823-1896","Brown, John, 1800-1859","Camden, Mary Belt Sprigg.","Camden, Thomas Bland, 1829-1910","Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961","Cooke, John Esten, 1830-1886.","Cooper, William P.","Cox, Jacob D (Jacob Dolson), 1828-1900","Crook, George, 1828-1890","Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916","Early, Jubal Anderson, 1816-1894","Ellis, James F.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Freeman, Douglas Southall, 1886-1953","Gallaher, D.C.","Hall, Granville Davisson, 1837-1934","Hayes, Rutherford B., 1822-1893","Hays, Peregrine.","Hays, Samuel L.","Hill, D. H. (Daniel Harvey), 1821-1889","Hubbard, C. D. (Chester Dorman), 1814-1891","Imboden, John D. (John Daniel), 1823-1895","Jackson, George.","Jackson, J.J.","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, 1830-1864","Kenna, John Edward, 1848-1893","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Levi, Mordecai.","Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson, 1824-1901.","MacCorkle, William Alexander, 1857-1930","Mastin, John A.","McCausland, John, 1836-1927","McClellan, George B. (George Brinton), 1826-1885","McFarland, James C.","McKinley, William, 1843-1901","Mosby, John Singleton, 1833-1916","Pierpont, Francis Harrison, 1814-1899","Scott, Nathan Bay, 1842-1924","Volck, Adalbert John, 1828-1912","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Withers, Alexander Scott, 1792-1865"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Pharmaceutical Association","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Infantry Regiment, 22nd. Company B","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Infantry Regiment, 31st","West Virginia State Pharmaceutical Association","Bennett family","Camden family","Hayes family","Jackson family","Quarrier family","Ruffner family","Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961","Arnold, Thomas Jackson.","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Bennett, Jonathan McCally, 1816-1887.","Boone, Daniel, 1734-1820","Boreman, Arthur Inghram, 1823-1896","Brown, John, 1800-1859","Camden, Mary Belt Sprigg.","Camden, Thomas Bland, 1829-1910","Cooke, John Esten, 1830-1886.","Cooper, William P.","Cox, Jacob D (Jacob Dolson), 1828-1900","Crook, George, 1828-1890","Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916","Early, Jubal Anderson, 1816-1894","Ellis, James F.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Freeman, Douglas Southall, 1886-1953","Gallaher, D.C.","Hall, Granville Davisson, 1837-1934","Hayes, Rutherford B., 1822-1893","Hays, Peregrine.","Hays, Samuel L.","Hill, D. H. (Daniel Harvey), 1821-1889","Hubbard, C. D. (Chester Dorman), 1814-1891","Imboden, John D. (John Daniel), 1823-1895","Jackson, George.","Jackson, J.J.","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, 1830-1864","Kenna, John Edward, 1848-1893","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Levi, Mordecai.","Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson, 1824-1901.","MacCorkle, William Alexander, 1857-1930","Mastin, John A.","McCausland, John, 1836-1927","McClellan, George B. (George Brinton), 1826-1885","McFarland, James C.","McKinley, William, 1843-1901","Mosby, John Singleton, 1833-1916","Pierpont, Francis Harrison, 1814-1899","Scott, Nathan Bay, 1842-1924","Volck, Adalbert John, 1828-1912","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Withers, Alexander Scott, 1792-1865"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Pharmaceutical Association","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Infantry Regiment, 22nd. Company B","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Infantry Regiment, 31st","West Virginia State Pharmaceutical Association"],"famname_ssim":["Bennett family","Camden family","Hayes family","Jackson family","Quarrier family","Ruffner family"],"persname_ssim":["Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961","Arnold, Thomas Jackson.","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Bennett, Jonathan McCally, 1816-1887.","Boone, Daniel, 1734-1820","Boreman, Arthur Inghram, 1823-1896","Brown, John, 1800-1859","Camden, Mary Belt Sprigg.","Camden, Thomas Bland, 1829-1910","Cooke, John Esten, 1830-1886.","Cooper, William P.","Cox, Jacob D (Jacob Dolson), 1828-1900","Crook, George, 1828-1890","Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916","Early, Jubal Anderson, 1816-1894","Ellis, James F.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Freeman, Douglas Southall, 1886-1953","Gallaher, D.C.","Hall, Granville Davisson, 1837-1934","Hayes, Rutherford B., 1822-1893","Hays, Peregrine.","Hays, Samuel L.","Hill, D. H. (Daniel Harvey), 1821-1889","Hubbard, C. D. (Chester Dorman), 1814-1891","Imboden, John D. (John Daniel), 1823-1895","Jackson, George.","Jackson, J.J.","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, 1830-1864","Kenna, John Edward, 1848-1893","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Levi, Mordecai.","Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson, 1824-1901.","MacCorkle, William Alexander, 1857-1930","Mastin, John A.","McCausland, John, 1836-1927","McClellan, George B. (George Brinton), 1826-1885","McFarland, James C.","McKinley, William, 1843-1901","Mosby, John Singleton, 1833-1916","Pierpont, Francis Harrison, 1814-1899","Scott, Nathan Bay, 1842-1924","Volck, Adalbert John, 1828-1912","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Withers, Alexander Scott, 1792-1865"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3461,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:09:00.006Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08_c97"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c01_c02_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Alexandria Canal","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c01_c02_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eKemp was a consulting engineer and industrial archaeologist for the restoration of the tide lock and basin to help with a revitalization project for Alexandria, Virginia. The box includes the Preliminary Archaeological Survey Report, field notes, pamphlets, photos, correspondence, clippings, and a consulting agreement. Additionally, it includes pamphlets on the history of the City of Alexandria. The box includes facsimile correspondence with the United States Department of Commerce regarding the Geodetic Survey maps and charts, facsimile newspapers, reports and reference lists regarding those facsimiles. Finally, the box includes original slides that show engineering drawings of the canal. The following oversize materials were moved to Map Cabinet 12, Drawer 4, Folder 8: 18 sheets of facsimile and original newspapers (1831-1845, 1976-1985, and undated), 10 maps (1838, 1877-1884, 1949-1973 and undated), 1 illustration (undated).\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c01_c02_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c01_c02_c02","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c01_c02_c02"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c01_c02_c02","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c01_c02","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c01_c02","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c01","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c01_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c01","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c01_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History","Series 1. Research Files","Series 1. Research Files -- Waterways"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History","Series 1. Research Files","Series 1. Research Files -- Waterways"],"text":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History","Series 1. Research Files","Series 1. Research Files -- Waterways","Alexandria Canal","Box 116","Kemp was a consulting engineer and industrial archaeologist for the restoration of the tide lock and basin to help with a revitalization project for Alexandria, Virginia. The box includes the Preliminary Archaeological Survey Report, field notes, pamphlets, photos, correspondence, clippings, and a consulting agreement. Additionally, it includes pamphlets on the history of the City of Alexandria. The box includes facsimile correspondence with the United States Department of Commerce regarding the Geodetic Survey maps and charts, facsimile newspapers, reports and reference lists regarding those facsimiles. Finally, the box includes original slides that show engineering drawings of the canal. The following oversize materials were moved to Map Cabinet 12, Drawer 4, Folder 8: 18 sheets of facsimile and original newspapers (1831-1845, 1976-1985, and undated), 10 maps (1838, 1877-1884, 1949-1973 and undated), 1 illustration (undated)."],"title_filing_ssi":"Alexandria Canal","title_ssm":["Alexandria Canal"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria Canal"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1804-1873, 1930-1932, 1966, 1974-1990 (Includes facsimiles)"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1804/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Canal"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":110,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. "],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"containers_ssim":["Box 116"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKemp was a consulting engineer and industrial archaeologist for the restoration of the tide lock and basin to help with a revitalization project for Alexandria, Virginia. The box includes the Preliminary Archaeological Survey Report, field notes, pamphlets, photos, correspondence, clippings, and a consulting agreement. Additionally, it includes pamphlets on the history of the City of Alexandria. The box includes facsimile correspondence with the United States Department of Commerce regarding the Geodetic Survey maps and charts, facsimile newspapers, reports and reference lists regarding those facsimiles. Finally, the box includes original slides that show engineering drawings of the canal. The following oversize materials were moved to Map Cabinet 12, Drawer 4, Folder 8: 18 sheets of facsimile and original newspapers (1831-1845, 1976-1985, and undated), 10 maps (1838, 1877-1884, 1949-1973 and undated), 1 illustration (undated).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Kemp was a consulting engineer and industrial archaeologist for the restoration of the tide lock and basin to help with a revitalization project for Alexandria, Virginia. The box includes the Preliminary Archaeological Survey Report, field notes, pamphlets, photos, correspondence, clippings, and a consulting agreement. Additionally, it includes pamphlets on the history of the City of Alexandria. The box includes facsimile correspondence with the United States Department of Commerce regarding the Geodetic Survey maps and charts, facsimile newspapers, reports and reference lists regarding those facsimiles. Finally, the box includes original slides that show engineering drawings of the canal. The following oversize materials were moved to Map Cabinet 12, Drawer 4, Folder 8: 18 sheets of facsimile and original newspapers (1831-1845, 1976-1985, and undated), 10 maps (1838, 1877-1884, 1949-1973 and undated), 1 illustration (undated)."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:01:07.978Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6270.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/207354","title_ssm":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History"],"title_tesim":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History"],"unitdate_ssm":["1735-2021"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1735-2021"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4230","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6270"],"text":["A\u0026M 4230","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6270","Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History","Canals--United States","Kanawha River (W. Va.)","Kanawha River (W. Va.) -- Navigation -- History","Muskingum River (Ohio)","Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway (Ala. and Miss.)","Aqueducts","Canal aqueducts","Canals","Cast-iron","Cement","Coal mines and mining","coalfields","Concrete","Covered bridges","Dams","Engineering","Engineering -- History","Flood dams and reservoirs","Glass blowing and working","Glass manufacture","Historic preservation ","Historic sites -- Conservation and restoration","Industrial archaeology","Industrial archaeology -- Australia","Industrial archaeology -- England","Industrial archaeology -- United States","Inland navigation","Iron","Locks (Hydraulic engineering)","Milling machinery","Mills and mill-work","Mines and mineral resources","Mines and mineral resources -- West Virginia","Portland cement","Science -- History","Steel","Suspension bridges","Technology -- History","Truss bridges","Waterways","Wheeling Bridge (Wheeling, W. Va.)","Wrought-iron","All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. "," \n        Research Files (1735-2017) \n      Bridges (1735-2016)  \tWaterways (1804-2015)  \tIndustrial structures (1807-2017) \tEngineers, the history of engineering, and general historical topics (1770, 1805-2010)  \tHistoric buildings (1810-2002)  \tBuilding materials (1829-2002)   \n    \tKemp's Library (1855-2015) \n      \n    \tKemp's Professional Writings (1804-2015) \n      \n    \tKemp's Other Professional Activities (1849, 1909, 1952-2018) \n     \n    \tOversize Materials (undated) \n      \n    \tOral History (2017-2018) \n     \n    \tAddendum of 2019: Records of Trips, Engineering Papers, Edinburgh Fellowship, \n        Suspension Bridge Papers, Miscellaneous  (1848-2021)\n     \n    \tAddendum of 2021/04/05  (1768-2014)\n     \n    \tAddendum of 2020: Engineering drawings, maps, other miscellaneous (1909-2003)\n    ","Emory Leland Kemp was born to Emory Lelan Kemp and Anita Mae Hucker Kemp on October 1, 1931 in Chicago, Illinois. His family moved to Champaign, Illinois when he was four, and he attended the South Side School and later the University of Illinois High School. Although his teachers at the high school—faculty members at the university—encouraged Kemp to study history, he chose to enter the College of Engineering, just as his father had studied engineering before him. Kemp graduated with a degree in civil engineering in 1952, and the school honored him with the prestigious Ira O. Baker Award as the top-ranked undergraduate student in the Department of Civil Engineering."," Following graduation, Kemp became an assistant engineer with the Illinois Water Survey until war broke out in Korea and the government drafted Kemp into the United States Army. His former boss, now a colonel in the United States Army Corps of Engineers, transferred Kemp to work with the USACE in Alexandria, Virginia. After two years developing a detector for non-magnetic landmines with the USACE, Kemp applied to and accepted a Fulbright Scholarship to study at Imperial College of Science and Technology in London, England. He studied advanced mathematics and developed an interest in thin concrete roofs. In addition to receiving a Diploma of Imperial College (similar to a Master's degree) after two years in London, Kemp also met his life's partner, Janet. The two were married in 1958, and had three children in the United States: Mark, Alison and Geoffrey."," After his diploma, Kemp remained in London and worked on thin concrete shell rooves for Sir Bruce White, Wolfe Barry and Partners. He transferred to Arup and Partners, where he worked on the design behind the Sydney Opera House (developing the pre-stress and post-tension piles on the end of the building) and the hangars at the Royal Air Force Abingdon station. Soon, however, the University of Illinois invited Kemp to return to Champaign to complete a PhD in structural mechanics on full scholarship. He completed a dissertation on torsion in reinforced concrete in 1962.\n \n That same year, a faculty position at West Virginia University's School of Engineering became available. Kemp got the job, so he, Janet, and their children moved to Morgantown, West Virginia. He quickly rose to chair the Civil Engineering Department. Under his administration, the Department grew rapidly and received national acclaim. \n \n When James Harlow became president of West Virginia University (WVU) in 1967, he sent Kemp to the University of Oklahoma to study their History of Science program. Kemp was intrigued, and soon acquired approval to plan a similar course of study through WVU's History Department. He taught classes on the Industrial Revolution and the history of technology, but did not successfully convince the College of Engineering to require its engineering students to take courses in the history of science. \n \n During the 1970s, Kemp became involved in a number of historic preservation projects in West Virginia. First, he got involved in restoring the Wheeling Suspension Bridge, which needed repairs to its suspension wires. Kemp assisted with multiple rounds of restoration on the historic bridge. Then, West Virginia Independence Hall Foundation consulted Kemp on the restoration of the building in which West Virginia seceded from Virginia (although Kemp always referred to the building by its original title, the \"Wheeling Custom House\"). Kemp investigated the nine-inch wrought-iron I-beams that supported the ceilings and upper floors of the building, and assisted the foundation in interpreting the building as a museum.\n \n By the end of the 1970s, Kemp had earned recognition throughout the preservation community. Government agencies contracted with Kemp to document historic industrial and transportation structures through archival photographs and large-scale engineering drawings, so the materials could be submitted to the Historic American Engineering Record. The West Virginia state government also consulted Kemp for a number of projects throughout the 1970s and 1980s, especially involving work on covered bridges. For instance, when the roof of the Philippi Covered Bridge burned in a fire in February 1989, the state hired Kemp to oversee the restoration. Using innovative techniques for covering the top and supporting the old frame with new beams, Kemp gave the bridge its original 1861 appearance. He also assisted in the restoration of the Staats Mill and Barrackville Covered Bridges. Kemp's personal research interests centered on industrial processes in West Virginia, including mining, milling, glassmaking, and railroads. \n \n Kemp also founded and co-founded a number of organizations. First, Kemp got involved with a movement to bring the British discipline of industrial archaeology (the study of physical remnants of industrial structures as a method to understand our manufacturing past) to the United States. Kemp helped to found the Society for Industrial Archeology (SIA) in 1971, served as the first editor of the affiliated journal, IA, in 1975, and eventually became SIA's president from 1988-1990. Kemp also founded the historic preservation and repurposing organization, Vandalia Heritage Foundation, in 1999. He was a founding member of the Preservation Alliance of West Virginia in 1981.\n \n In 1990, Kemp received Congressional funding to establish an Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology (IHTIA) at WVU. The IHTIA, which became Kemp's full time job, provided historic preservation consultations, documented historic structures, held workshops and field schools, and published monographs. Over the course of its history, the IHTIA generated $13 million of research funding and worked on an estimated 86 projects. \n \n \nFor all of Kemp's work to preserve historic structures and encourage the spread of information about the history of industrial technology and transportation, the American Society of Civil Engineers named him a Distinguished Member in 2004. By the time he retired in the early 2000s, Kemp had devoted a lifetime to studying and celebrating America's industrial past. ","Materials arrived sorted into boxes, generally based on the individual project for which Kemp used the items. A project can be defined as an endeavor that Kemp took on for a concentrated period of time centered on one structure, geographic location, or theme. Examples include the restoration of a historic site or set of historic sites that share a common purpose, documentation of a historic site or set of historic sites that share a common purpose, a publication, a conference, or a grant application. Some boxes appeared to be a mix of materials from various projects and subjects. Such boxes were categorized by the most prominent project or subject within the box or were determined \"Miscellaneous.\" ","Some boxes were organized around a common topic rather than a project, especially if Kemp returned to a particular topic throughout his career (an example is research on concrete, a body of scholarship that Kemp drew on for a variety of projects). ","At arrival, only some boxes had materials arranged into folders. Where arrangement within a box was obvious (such as materials segregated into manila folders), original arrangement was retained. Otherwise, items were sorted within boxes by format, or, when possible, by sub-topic. ","Boxes were clumped together by individual project or topic. The series were created to reflect general categories of purposes for which Kemp used the materials. However, the series \"Oversize Material\" was not separated based on Kemp's purpose for using the materials; it was created to house all the items from other series that arrived folded inside boxes and do not fit in their original boxes when unfolded. ","Because Kemp used so many of the materials in the collection for research, the series \"Research Files\" was broken down into sub-series by type of project. Boxes were occasionally combined when space allowed and when the materials originated from the same project. Boxes were also occasionally combined when items inside each box did not originate from just one project or just one type of project. ","Additionally, Kemp separately donated books from his personal library, which he used throughout his career.","All born-digital materials housed on floppy disks, compact discs, or USB drives were uploaded to repository servers. ","Any box and folder citations created before July 2019 may rely upon Kemp's original arrangement and may no longer be accurate. For assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia and Regional History Center.","This collection includes materials from Dr. Emory L. Kemp's career of researching, documenting, and preserving historic structures. Kemp was a practicing civil engineer from 1952-1959, then taught civil engineering, historic preservation, and the history of technology from 1962-2003 at West Virginia University. He served as an expert consultant for the preservation of many historic engineering structures, including bridges, waterways, and mills. He also published regularly and remained active in several professional organizations.","\nMaterials includes correspondence, engineering drawings, drawings, various styles and types of maps, photographic prints, photographic contact sheets, photographic negatives, drafts of monographs, bound copies of the United States Congressional Series, published scholarly articles and books, book excerpts, reports, computer-generated data, handwritten notes, oral histories and oral history transcripts, brochures, and realia. A significant amount concerns Kemp's process of documenting historic structures for the Historic American Engineering Record and the National Register of Historic Places.","\nAll contents fall within 1735 and 2021. The bulk of the original materials are from 1959-1999. Almost all the materials from 1735-1949 are facsimiles that Kemp collected for his research.","\nMost of the materials pertain to West Virginia and surrounding states: Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. Kemp also consulted on projects in other states and countries, such as Alabama, Louisiana, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Canada, Great Britain, Australia, and Zimbabwe. Personal materials discuss Kemp's experience in Illinois. In addition, Kemp's research on industrial archeology (the study of the physical evidence of industry and technology) focuses on Great Britain and Australia but also includes places in West Virginia and Pennsylvania. Other states and countries appear briefly as part of Kemp's study of historic bridges, including California, Russia, France, China, and Peru.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ","\nSubjects include suspension bridges of West Virginia, covered bridges in West Virginia and Pennsylvania, the history of suspension bridges, bridge preservation, locks and dams in West Virginia (especially along the Kanawha River), navigation along other bodies of water (especially the Muskingum River), industrial structures and industrial production in West Virginia and surrounding states, civil engineers (especially Charles Ellet, Jr.), cement and concrete, the history of engineering, industrial archeology, principles of historic preservation, the process of documenting materials to the standards of the Historic American Engineering Record, Kemp's affiliations within West Virginia University (especially WVU's Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology), his affiliations with the American Society of Civil Engineers, and his affiliation with the Society for Industrial Archeology. Throughout the collection, several of Kemp's largest restoration projects appear regularly: the Wheeling Suspension Bridge over the Ohio River in Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia; the Wheeling Custom House (also known as West Virginia Independence Hall) in Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia; and the West Virginia Covered Bridge Survey that Kemp completed for the West Virginia Department of Highways.","\nWithin this finding aid, the term \"engineering drawings\" was used to describe materials that may be defined within the engineering field as blueprints, measured drawings, or floor plans. The term \"contact sheet\" was used to describe a photographic print clearly produced to make a rough draft, positive print of an image from a single negative or photographic negatives on a roll of film (created by holding photograph paper emulsion-to-emulsion with the negative). In addition, the following terms that regularly appeared in the collection have been abbreviated: "," American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)   Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B\u0026O Railroad)   Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (C\u0026O Canal)   United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)   Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology (IHTIA)   Historic American Engineering Record (HAER)   Historic American Building Survey (HABS)   National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)   National Forest (NF)  National Park Service (NPS)   Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), previously the Soil Conservation Service (SCS)   West Virginia University (WVU)   United States Geological Survey (USGS)","Packet of \"Early 20th Century Commercial Wood Engravings\" booklets (\"The S. George Company/The Gramlee Collection/The Permutation Press,\" \"The Stock/Product Block,\" \"The Monogram Block,\" \"The Barrel Label Block,\" \"The Stock Block,\" and \"The Company Block,\" all copyright 1982 by the Permutation Press) were separated to the Rare Book Room to join related materials on wood engravings. ","1 reel of duplicate microfilm of A\u0026M 3007, Little Kanawha River Records, moved to duplicate A\u0026M microfilm.","1 reel of microfilm of the Elizabeth Gazette newspaper, Mar 13 1867 - Jan 11 1869, moved to duplicate newspaper microfilm.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","A.G. Lichtenstein and Associates ","Alexandria Canal Company ","American Society of Civil Engineers","American Society of Civil Engineers. Committee on History and Heritage of American Civil Engineering","National Rivers and Harbors Congress","Ove Arup \u0026 Partners","Paul D. Marshall \u0026 Associates","Preservation Alliance of West Virginia","Society for Industrial Archeology","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Ohio River Division. ","Vandalia Heritage Foundation","West Virginia Independence Hall Foundation","West Virginia University","Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","West Virginia University. Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","Historic American Buildings Survey","Historic American Engineering Record","Kemp, Emory L.","Ellet, Charles, 1777-1847","Fluty, Beverly B.","Peyton, Billy Joe","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4230","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6270"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History"],"collection_title_tesim":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History"],"collection_ssim":["Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Canals--United States","Kanawha River (W. Va.)","Kanawha River (W. Va.) -- Navigation -- History","Muskingum River (Ohio)","Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway (Ala. and Miss.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Canals--United States","Kanawha River (W. Va.)","Kanawha River (W. Va.) -- Navigation -- History","Muskingum River (Ohio)","Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway (Ala. and Miss.)"],"creator_ssm":["Kemp, Emory L."],"creator_ssim":["Kemp, Emory L."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kemp, Emory L."],"creators_ssim":["Kemp, Emory L."],"places_ssim":["Canals--United States","Kanawha River (W. Va.)","Kanawha River (W. Va.) -- Navigation -- History","Muskingum River (Ohio)","Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway (Ala. and Miss.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Aqueducts","Canal aqueducts","Canals","Cast-iron","Cement","Coal mines and mining","coalfields","Concrete","Covered bridges","Dams","Engineering","Engineering -- History","Flood dams and reservoirs","Glass blowing and working","Glass manufacture","Historic preservation ","Historic sites -- Conservation and restoration","Industrial archaeology","Industrial archaeology -- Australia","Industrial archaeology -- England","Industrial archaeology -- United States","Inland navigation","Iron","Locks (Hydraulic engineering)","Milling machinery","Mills and mill-work","Mines and mineral resources","Mines and mineral resources -- West Virginia","Portland cement","Science -- History","Steel","Suspension bridges","Technology -- History","Truss bridges","Waterways","Wheeling Bridge (Wheeling, W. Va.)","Wrought-iron"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Aqueducts","Canal aqueducts","Canals","Cast-iron","Cement","Coal mines and mining","coalfields","Concrete","Covered bridges","Dams","Engineering","Engineering -- History","Flood dams and reservoirs","Glass blowing and working","Glass manufacture","Historic preservation ","Historic sites -- Conservation and restoration","Industrial archaeology","Industrial archaeology -- Australia","Industrial archaeology -- England","Industrial archaeology -- United States","Inland navigation","Iron","Locks (Hydraulic engineering)","Milling machinery","Mills and mill-work","Mines and mineral resources","Mines and mineral resources -- West Virginia","Portland cement","Science -- History","Steel","Suspension bridges","Technology -- History","Truss bridges","Waterways","Wheeling Bridge (Wheeling, W. Va.)","Wrought-iron"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["154.83 Linear Feet 152 document cases, 5 in. each; 92 document cases, 4 in. each; 68 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 32 record cartons, 15 in. each; 1 flat storage box, 1.5 in.; 7 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 4 flat storage boxes, 4 in. each; 1 small storage box, 6.5 in.; 1 index card box, 12 in.; 2 oversized items, 1.5 in. total; 2 microfilm reels, 1.75 in. each; 146 oversized folders, 18 in.","6.31 Gigabytes 678 files, formats include ASC, BK!, CAP, CHP, CIF, DOC, DOCX, ED, ELK, JPG, FRM, M4A, MON, MOV, MP4, PAP, PDF, PPT, PPTX, R2D, RTF, TIF, TRE, TXT, VGR, W51, WMA, WP, WPD, WPS, XLSX."],"extent_tesim":["154.83 Linear Feet 152 document cases, 5 in. each; 92 document cases, 4 in. each; 68 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 32 record cartons, 15 in. each; 1 flat storage box, 1.5 in.; 7 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 4 flat storage boxes, 4 in. each; 1 small storage box, 6.5 in.; 1 index card box, 12 in.; 2 oversized items, 1.5 in. total; 2 microfilm reels, 1.75 in. each; 146 oversized folders, 18 in.","6.31 Gigabytes 678 files, formats include ASC, BK!, CAP, CHP, CIF, DOC, DOCX, ED, ELK, JPG, FRM, M4A, MON, MOV, MP4, PAP, PDF, PPT, PPTX, R2D, RTF, TIF, TRE, TXT, VGR, W51, WMA, WP, WPD, WPS, XLSX."],"date_range_isim":[1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. \u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc. "],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003clist\u003e\n\n\u003citem\u003e \n        Research Files (1735-2017) \n    \u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003clist\u003e\n\n\t\u003citem\u003e Bridges (1735-2016) \u003c/item\u003e\n\n\t\u003citem\u003e\tWaterways (1804-2015) \u003c/item\u003e\n\n\t\u003citem\u003e\tIndustrial structures (1807-2017)\u003c/item\u003e\n\n\t\u003citem\u003e\tEngineers, the history of engineering, and general historical topics (1770, 1805-2010) \u003c/item\u003e\n\n\t\u003citem\u003e\tHistoric buildings (1810-2002) \u003c/item\u003e\n\n\t\u003citem\u003e\tBuilding materials (1829-2002) \u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n\n\u003citem\u003e \n    \tKemp's Library (1855-2015) \n    \u003c/item\u003e\n\n\u003citem\u003e \n    \tKemp's Professional Writings (1804-2015) \n    \u003c/item\u003e\n\n\u003citem\u003e \n    \tKemp's Other Professional Activities (1849, 1909, 1952-2018) \n    \u003c/item\u003e\n\n\u003citem\u003e\n    \tOversize Materials (undated) \n    \u003c/item\u003e\n\n\u003citem\u003e \n    \tOral History (2017-2018) \n    \u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003citem\u003e\n    \tAddendum of 2019: Records of Trips, Engineering Papers, Edinburgh Fellowship, \n        Suspension Bridge Papers, Miscellaneous  (1848-2021)\n    \u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003citem\u003e\n    \tAddendum of 2021/04/05  (1768-2014)\n    \u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003citem\u003e\n    \tAddendum of 2020: Engineering drawings, maps, other miscellaneous (1909-2003)\n    \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":[" \n        Research Files (1735-2017) \n      Bridges (1735-2016)  \tWaterways (1804-2015)  \tIndustrial structures (1807-2017) \tEngineers, the history of engineering, and general historical topics (1770, 1805-2010)  \tHistoric buildings (1810-2002)  \tBuilding materials (1829-2002)   \n    \tKemp's Library (1855-2015) \n      \n    \tKemp's Professional Writings (1804-2015) \n      \n    \tKemp's Other Professional Activities (1849, 1909, 1952-2018) \n     \n    \tOversize Materials (undated) \n      \n    \tOral History (2017-2018) \n     \n    \tAddendum of 2019: Records of Trips, Engineering Papers, Edinburgh Fellowship, \n        Suspension Bridge Papers, Miscellaneous  (1848-2021)\n     \n    \tAddendum of 2021/04/05  (1768-2014)\n     \n    \tAddendum of 2020: Engineering drawings, maps, other miscellaneous (1909-2003)\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Emory Leland Kemp was born to Emory Lelan Kemp and Anita Mae Hucker Kemp on October 1, 1931 in Chicago, Illinois. His family moved to Champaign, Illinois when he was four, and he attended the South Side School and later the University of Illinois High School. Although his teachers at the high school—faculty members at the university—encouraged Kemp to study history, he chose to enter the College of Engineering, just as his father had studied engineering before him. Kemp graduated with a degree in civil engineering in 1952, and the school honored him with the prestigious Ira O. Baker Award as the top-ranked undergraduate student in the Department of Civil Engineering."," Following graduation, Kemp became an assistant engineer with the Illinois Water Survey until war broke out in Korea and the government drafted Kemp into the United States Army. His former boss, now a colonel in the United States Army Corps of Engineers, transferred Kemp to work with the USACE in Alexandria, Virginia. After two years developing a detector for non-magnetic landmines with the USACE, Kemp applied to and accepted a Fulbright Scholarship to study at Imperial College of Science and Technology in London, England. He studied advanced mathematics and developed an interest in thin concrete roofs. In addition to receiving a Diploma of Imperial College (similar to a Master's degree) after two years in London, Kemp also met his life's partner, Janet. The two were married in 1958, and had three children in the United States: Mark, Alison and Geoffrey."," After his diploma, Kemp remained in London and worked on thin concrete shell rooves for Sir Bruce White, Wolfe Barry and Partners. He transferred to Arup and Partners, where he worked on the design behind the Sydney Opera House (developing the pre-stress and post-tension piles on the end of the building) and the hangars at the Royal Air Force Abingdon station. Soon, however, the University of Illinois invited Kemp to return to Champaign to complete a PhD in structural mechanics on full scholarship. He completed a dissertation on torsion in reinforced concrete in 1962.\n \n That same year, a faculty position at West Virginia University's School of Engineering became available. Kemp got the job, so he, Janet, and their children moved to Morgantown, West Virginia. He quickly rose to chair the Civil Engineering Department. Under his administration, the Department grew rapidly and received national acclaim. \n \n When James Harlow became president of West Virginia University (WVU) in 1967, he sent Kemp to the University of Oklahoma to study their History of Science program. Kemp was intrigued, and soon acquired approval to plan a similar course of study through WVU's History Department. He taught classes on the Industrial Revolution and the history of technology, but did not successfully convince the College of Engineering to require its engineering students to take courses in the history of science. \n \n During the 1970s, Kemp became involved in a number of historic preservation projects in West Virginia. First, he got involved in restoring the Wheeling Suspension Bridge, which needed repairs to its suspension wires. Kemp assisted with multiple rounds of restoration on the historic bridge. Then, West Virginia Independence Hall Foundation consulted Kemp on the restoration of the building in which West Virginia seceded from Virginia (although Kemp always referred to the building by its original title, the \"Wheeling Custom House\"). Kemp investigated the nine-inch wrought-iron I-beams that supported the ceilings and upper floors of the building, and assisted the foundation in interpreting the building as a museum.\n \n By the end of the 1970s, Kemp had earned recognition throughout the preservation community. Government agencies contracted with Kemp to document historic industrial and transportation structures through archival photographs and large-scale engineering drawings, so the materials could be submitted to the Historic American Engineering Record. The West Virginia state government also consulted Kemp for a number of projects throughout the 1970s and 1980s, especially involving work on covered bridges. For instance, when the roof of the Philippi Covered Bridge burned in a fire in February 1989, the state hired Kemp to oversee the restoration. Using innovative techniques for covering the top and supporting the old frame with new beams, Kemp gave the bridge its original 1861 appearance. He also assisted in the restoration of the Staats Mill and Barrackville Covered Bridges. Kemp's personal research interests centered on industrial processes in West Virginia, including mining, milling, glassmaking, and railroads. \n \n Kemp also founded and co-founded a number of organizations. First, Kemp got involved with a movement to bring the British discipline of industrial archaeology (the study of physical remnants of industrial structures as a method to understand our manufacturing past) to the United States. Kemp helped to found the Society for Industrial Archeology (SIA) in 1971, served as the first editor of the affiliated journal, IA, in 1975, and eventually became SIA's president from 1988-1990. Kemp also founded the historic preservation and repurposing organization, Vandalia Heritage Foundation, in 1999. He was a founding member of the Preservation Alliance of West Virginia in 1981.\n \n In 1990, Kemp received Congressional funding to establish an Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology (IHTIA) at WVU. The IHTIA, which became Kemp's full time job, provided historic preservation consultations, documented historic structures, held workshops and field schools, and published monographs. Over the course of its history, the IHTIA generated $13 million of research funding and worked on an estimated 86 projects. \n \n \nFor all of Kemp's work to preserve historic structures and encourage the spread of information about the history of industrial technology and transportation, the American Society of Civil Engineers named him a Distinguished Member in 2004. By the time he retired in the early 2000s, Kemp had devoted a lifetime to studying and celebrating America's industrial past. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History, A\u0026amp;M 4230, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Emory L. Kemp Papers regarding Industrial History, A\u0026M 4230, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials arrived sorted into boxes, generally based on the individual project for which Kemp used the items. A project can be defined as an endeavor that Kemp took on for a concentrated period of time centered on one structure, geographic location, or theme. Examples include the restoration of a historic site or set of historic sites that share a common purpose, documentation of a historic site or set of historic sites that share a common purpose, a publication, a conference, or a grant application. Some boxes appeared to be a mix of materials from various projects and subjects. Such boxes were categorized by the most prominent project or subject within the box or were determined \"Miscellaneous.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome boxes were organized around a common topic rather than a project, especially if Kemp returned to a particular topic throughout his career (an example is research on concrete, a body of scholarship that Kemp drew on for a variety of projects). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt arrival, only some boxes had materials arranged into folders. Where arrangement within a box was obvious (such as materials segregated into manila folders), original arrangement was retained. Otherwise, items were sorted within boxes by format, or, when possible, by sub-topic. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoxes were clumped together by individual project or topic. The series were created to reflect general categories of purposes for which Kemp used the materials. However, the series \"Oversize Material\" was not separated based on Kemp's purpose for using the materials; it was created to house all the items from other series that arrived folded inside boxes and do not fit in their original boxes when unfolded. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause Kemp used so many of the materials in the collection for research, the series \"Research Files\" was broken down into sub-series by type of project. Boxes were occasionally combined when space allowed and when the materials originated from the same project. Boxes were also occasionally combined when items inside each box did not originate from just one project or just one type of project. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, Kemp separately donated books from his personal library, which he used throughout his career.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll born-digital materials housed on floppy disks, compact discs, or USB drives were uploaded to repository servers. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAny box and folder citations created before July 2019 may rely upon Kemp's original arrangement and may no longer be accurate. For assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia and Regional History Center.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials arrived sorted into boxes, generally based on the individual project for which Kemp used the items. A project can be defined as an endeavor that Kemp took on for a concentrated period of time centered on one structure, geographic location, or theme. Examples include the restoration of a historic site or set of historic sites that share a common purpose, documentation of a historic site or set of historic sites that share a common purpose, a publication, a conference, or a grant application. Some boxes appeared to be a mix of materials from various projects and subjects. Such boxes were categorized by the most prominent project or subject within the box or were determined \"Miscellaneous.\" ","Some boxes were organized around a common topic rather than a project, especially if Kemp returned to a particular topic throughout his career (an example is research on concrete, a body of scholarship that Kemp drew on for a variety of projects). ","At arrival, only some boxes had materials arranged into folders. Where arrangement within a box was obvious (such as materials segregated into manila folders), original arrangement was retained. Otherwise, items were sorted within boxes by format, or, when possible, by sub-topic. ","Boxes were clumped together by individual project or topic. The series were created to reflect general categories of purposes for which Kemp used the materials. However, the series \"Oversize Material\" was not separated based on Kemp's purpose for using the materials; it was created to house all the items from other series that arrived folded inside boxes and do not fit in their original boxes when unfolded. ","Because Kemp used so many of the materials in the collection for research, the series \"Research Files\" was broken down into sub-series by type of project. Boxes were occasionally combined when space allowed and when the materials originated from the same project. Boxes were also occasionally combined when items inside each box did not originate from just one project or just one type of project. ","Additionally, Kemp separately donated books from his personal library, which he used throughout his career.","All born-digital materials housed on floppy disks, compact discs, or USB drives were uploaded to repository servers. ","Any box and folder citations created before July 2019 may rely upon Kemp's original arrangement and may no longer be accurate. For assistance locating material using an older citation, please ask a staff member of the West Virginia and Regional History Center."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes materials from Dr. Emory L. Kemp's career of researching, documenting, and preserving historic structures. Kemp was a practicing civil engineer from 1952-1959, then taught civil engineering, historic preservation, and the history of technology from 1962-2003 at West Virginia University. He served as an expert consultant for the preservation of many historic engineering structures, including bridges, waterways, and mills. He also published regularly and remained active in several professional organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMaterials includes correspondence, engineering drawings, drawings, various styles and types of maps, photographic prints, photographic contact sheets, photographic negatives, drafts of monographs, bound copies of the United States Congressional Series, published scholarly articles and books, book excerpts, reports, computer-generated data, handwritten notes, oral histories and oral history transcripts, brochures, and realia. A significant amount concerns Kemp's process of documenting historic structures for the Historic American Engineering Record and the National Register of Historic Places.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAll contents fall within 1735 and 2021. The bulk of the original materials are from 1959-1999. Almost all the materials from 1735-1949 are facsimiles that Kemp collected for his research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMost of the materials pertain to West Virginia and surrounding states: Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. Kemp also consulted on projects in other states and countries, such as Alabama, Louisiana, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Canada, Great Britain, Australia, and Zimbabwe. Personal materials discuss Kemp's experience in Illinois. In addition, Kemp's research on industrial archeology (the study of the physical evidence of industry and technology) focuses on Great Britain and Australia but also includes places in West Virginia and Pennsylvania. Other states and countries appear briefly as part of Kemp's study of historic bridges, including California, Russia, France, China, and Peru.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSubjects include suspension bridges of West Virginia, covered bridges in West Virginia and Pennsylvania, the history of suspension bridges, bridge preservation, locks and dams in West Virginia (especially along the Kanawha River), navigation along other bodies of water (especially the Muskingum River), industrial structures and industrial production in West Virginia and surrounding states, civil engineers (especially Charles Ellet, Jr.), cement and concrete, the history of engineering, industrial archeology, principles of historic preservation, the process of documenting materials to the standards of the Historic American Engineering Record, Kemp's affiliations within West Virginia University (especially WVU's Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology), his affiliations with the American Society of Civil Engineers, and his affiliation with the Society for Industrial Archeology. Throughout the collection, several of Kemp's largest restoration projects appear regularly: the Wheeling Suspension Bridge over the Ohio River in Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia; the Wheeling Custom House (also known as West Virginia Independence Hall) in Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia; and the West Virginia Covered Bridge Survey that Kemp completed for the West Virginia Department of Highways.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWithin this finding aid, the term \"engineering drawings\" was used to describe materials that may be defined within the engineering field as blueprints, measured drawings, or floor plans. The term \"contact sheet\" was used to describe a photographic print clearly produced to make a rough draft, positive print of an image from a single negative or photographic negatives on a roll of film (created by holding photograph paper emulsion-to-emulsion with the negative). In addition, the following terms that regularly appeared in the collection have been abbreviated: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B\u0026amp;O Railroad) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (C\u0026amp;O Canal) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology (IHTIA) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e Historic American Building Survey (HABS) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e National Forest (NF)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e National Park Service (NPS) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), previously the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e West Virginia University (WVU) \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e United States Geological Survey (USGS)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes materials from Dr. Emory L. Kemp's career of researching, documenting, and preserving historic structures. Kemp was a practicing civil engineer from 1952-1959, then taught civil engineering, historic preservation, and the history of technology from 1962-2003 at West Virginia University. He served as an expert consultant for the preservation of many historic engineering structures, including bridges, waterways, and mills. He also published regularly and remained active in several professional organizations.","\nMaterials includes correspondence, engineering drawings, drawings, various styles and types of maps, photographic prints, photographic contact sheets, photographic negatives, drafts of monographs, bound copies of the United States Congressional Series, published scholarly articles and books, book excerpts, reports, computer-generated data, handwritten notes, oral histories and oral history transcripts, brochures, and realia. A significant amount concerns Kemp's process of documenting historic structures for the Historic American Engineering Record and the National Register of Historic Places.","\nAll contents fall within 1735 and 2021. The bulk of the original materials are from 1959-1999. Almost all the materials from 1735-1949 are facsimiles that Kemp collected for his research.","\nMost of the materials pertain to West Virginia and surrounding states: Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. Kemp also consulted on projects in other states and countries, such as Alabama, Louisiana, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Canada, Great Britain, Australia, and Zimbabwe. Personal materials discuss Kemp's experience in Illinois. In addition, Kemp's research on industrial archeology (the study of the physical evidence of industry and technology) focuses on Great Britain and Australia but also includes places in West Virginia and Pennsylvania. Other states and countries appear briefly as part of Kemp's study of historic bridges, including California, Russia, France, China, and Peru.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ","\nSubjects include suspension bridges of West Virginia, covered bridges in West Virginia and Pennsylvania, the history of suspension bridges, bridge preservation, locks and dams in West Virginia (especially along the Kanawha River), navigation along other bodies of water (especially the Muskingum River), industrial structures and industrial production in West Virginia and surrounding states, civil engineers (especially Charles Ellet, Jr.), cement and concrete, the history of engineering, industrial archeology, principles of historic preservation, the process of documenting materials to the standards of the Historic American Engineering Record, Kemp's affiliations within West Virginia University (especially WVU's Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology), his affiliations with the American Society of Civil Engineers, and his affiliation with the Society for Industrial Archeology. Throughout the collection, several of Kemp's largest restoration projects appear regularly: the Wheeling Suspension Bridge over the Ohio River in Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia; the Wheeling Custom House (also known as West Virginia Independence Hall) in Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia; and the West Virginia Covered Bridge Survey that Kemp completed for the West Virginia Department of Highways.","\nWithin this finding aid, the term \"engineering drawings\" was used to describe materials that may be defined within the engineering field as blueprints, measured drawings, or floor plans. The term \"contact sheet\" was used to describe a photographic print clearly produced to make a rough draft, positive print of an image from a single negative or photographic negatives on a roll of film (created by holding photograph paper emulsion-to-emulsion with the negative). In addition, the following terms that regularly appeared in the collection have been abbreviated: "," American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)   Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B\u0026O Railroad)   Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (C\u0026O Canal)   United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)   Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology (IHTIA)   Historic American Engineering Record (HAER)   Historic American Building Survey (HABS)   National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)   National Forest (NF)  National Park Service (NPS)   Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), previously the Soil Conservation Service (SCS)   West Virginia University (WVU)   United States Geological Survey (USGS)"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePacket of \"Early 20th Century Commercial Wood Engravings\" booklets (\"The S. George Company/The Gramlee Collection/The Permutation Press,\" \"The Stock/Product Block,\" \"The Monogram Block,\" \"The Barrel Label Block,\" \"The Stock Block,\" and \"The Company Block,\" all copyright 1982 by the Permutation Press) were separated to the Rare Book Room to join related materials on wood engravings. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1 reel of duplicate microfilm of A\u0026amp;M 3007, Little Kanawha River Records, moved to duplicate A\u0026amp;M microfilm.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1 reel of microfilm of the Elizabeth Gazette newspaper, Mar 13 1867 - Jan 11 1869, moved to duplicate newspaper microfilm.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Packet of \"Early 20th Century Commercial Wood Engravings\" booklets (\"The S. George Company/The Gramlee Collection/The Permutation Press,\" \"The Stock/Product Block,\" \"The Monogram Block,\" \"The Barrel Label Block,\" \"The Stock Block,\" and \"The Company Block,\" all copyright 1982 by the Permutation Press) were separated to the Rare Book Room to join related materials on wood engravings. ","1 reel of duplicate microfilm of A\u0026M 3007, Little Kanawha River Records, moved to duplicate A\u0026M microfilm.","1 reel of microfilm of the Elizabeth Gazette newspaper, Mar 13 1867 - Jan 11 1869, moved to duplicate newspaper microfilm."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_517856904095c87c6fdf14d024a7399d\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["A.G. Lichtenstein and Associates ","Alexandria Canal Company ","American Society of Civil Engineers","American Society of Civil Engineers. Committee on History and Heritage of American Civil Engineering","National Rivers and Harbors Congress","Ove Arup \u0026 Partners","Paul D. Marshall \u0026 Associates","Preservation Alliance of West Virginia","Society for Industrial Archeology","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Ohio River Division. ","Vandalia Heritage Foundation","West Virginia Independence Hall Foundation","West Virginia University","Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","West Virginia University. Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","Historic American Buildings Survey","Historic American Engineering Record","Kemp, Emory L.","Ellet, Charles, 1777-1847","Fluty, Beverly B.","Peyton, Billy Joe"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","A.G. Lichtenstein and Associates ","Alexandria Canal Company ","American Society of Civil Engineers","American Society of Civil Engineers. Committee on History and Heritage of American Civil Engineering","National Rivers and Harbors Congress","Ove Arup \u0026 Partners","Paul D. Marshall \u0026 Associates","Preservation Alliance of West Virginia","Society for Industrial Archeology","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Ohio River Division. ","Vandalia Heritage Foundation","West Virginia Independence Hall Foundation","West Virginia University","Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","West Virginia University. Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","Historic American Buildings Survey","Historic American Engineering Record","Kemp, Emory L.","Ellet, Charles, 1777-1847","Fluty, Beverly B.","Peyton, Billy Joe"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","A.G. Lichtenstein and Associates ","Alexandria Canal Company ","American Society of Civil Engineers","American Society of Civil Engineers. Committee on History and Heritage of American Civil Engineering","National Rivers and Harbors Congress","Ove Arup \u0026 Partners","Paul D. Marshall \u0026 Associates","Preservation Alliance of West Virginia","Society for Industrial Archeology","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers","United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Ohio River Division. ","Vandalia Heritage Foundation","West Virginia Independence Hall Foundation","West Virginia University","Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","West Virginia University. Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology","Historic American Buildings Survey","Historic American Engineering Record"],"persname_ssim":["Kemp, Emory L.","Ellet, Charles, 1777-1847","Fluty, Beverly B.","Peyton, Billy Joe"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":422,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:01:07.978Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEmory Leland Kemp was born to Emory Lelan Kemp and Anita Mae Hucker Kemp on October 1, 1931 in Chicago, Illinois. His family moved to Champaign, Illinois when he was four, and he attended the South Side School and later the University of Illinois High School. Although his teachers at the high school—faculty members at the university—encouraged Kemp to study history, he chose to enter the College of Engineering, just as his father had studied engineering before him. Kemp graduated with a degree in civil engineering in 1952, and the school honored him with the prestigious Ira O. Baker Award as the top-ranked undergraduate student in the Department of Civil Engineering.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Following graduation, Kemp became an assistant engineer with the Illinois Water Survey until war broke out in Korea and the government drafted Kemp into the United States Army. His former boss, now a colonel in the United States Army Corps of Engineers, transferred Kemp to work with the USACE in Alexandria, Virginia. After two years developing a detector for non-magnetic landmines with the USACE, Kemp applied to and accepted a Fulbright Scholarship to study at Imperial College of Science and Technology in London, England. He studied advanced mathematics and developed an interest in thin concrete roofs. In addition to receiving a Diploma of Imperial College (similar to a Master's degree) after two years in London, Kemp also met his life's partner, Janet. The two were married in 1958, and had three children in the United States: Mark, Alison and Geoffrey.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e After his diploma, Kemp remained in London and worked on thin concrete shell rooves for Sir Bruce White, Wolfe Barry and Partners. He transferred to Arup and Partners, where he worked on the design behind the Sydney Opera House (developing the pre-stress and post-tension piles on the end of the building) and the hangars at the Royal Air Force Abingdon station. Soon, however, the University of Illinois invited Kemp to return to Champaign to complete a PhD in structural mechanics on full scholarship. He completed a dissertation on torsion in reinforced concrete in 1962.\n \n That same year, a faculty position at West Virginia University's School of Engineering became available. Kemp got the job, so he, Janet, and their children moved to Morgantown, West Virginia. He quickly rose to chair the Civil Engineering Department. Under his administration, the Department grew rapidly and received national acclaim. \n \n When James Harlow became president of West Virginia University (WVU) in 1967, he sent Kemp to the University of Oklahoma to study their History of Science program. Kemp was intrigued, and soon acquired approval to plan a similar course of study through WVU's History Department. He taught classes on the Industrial Revolution and the history of technology, but did not successfully convince the College of Engineering to require its engineering students to take courses in the history of science. \n \n During the 1970s, Kemp became involved in a number of historic preservation projects in West Virginia. First, he got involved in restoring the Wheeling Suspension Bridge, which needed repairs to its suspension wires. Kemp assisted with multiple rounds of restoration on the historic bridge. Then, West Virginia Independence Hall Foundation consulted Kemp on the restoration of the building in which West Virginia seceded from Virginia (although Kemp always referred to the building by its original title, the \"Wheeling Custom House\"). Kemp investigated the nine-inch wrought-iron I-beams that supported the ceilings and upper floors of the building, and assisted the foundation in interpreting the building as a museum.\n \n By the end of the 1970s, Kemp had earned recognition throughout the preservation community. Government agencies contracted with Kemp to document historic industrial and transportation structures through archival photographs and large-scale engineering drawings, so the materials could be submitted to the Historic American Engineering Record. The West Virginia state government also consulted Kemp for a number of projects throughout the 1970s and 1980s, especially involving work on covered bridges. For instance, when the roof of the Philippi Covered Bridge burned in a fire in February 1989, the state hired Kemp to oversee the restoration. Using innovative techniques for covering the top and supporting the old frame with new beams, Kemp gave the bridge its original 1861 appearance. He also assisted in the restoration of the Staats Mill and Barrackville Covered Bridges. Kemp's personal research interests centered on industrial processes in West Virginia, including mining, milling, glassmaking, and railroads. \n \n Kemp also founded and co-founded a number of organizations. First, Kemp got involved with a movement to bring the British discipline of industrial archaeology (the study of physical remnants of industrial structures as a method to understand our manufacturing past) to the United States. Kemp helped to found the Society for Industrial Archeology (SIA) in 1971, served as the first editor of the affiliated journal, IA, in 1975, and eventually became SIA's president from 1988-1990. Kemp also founded the historic preservation and repurposing organization, Vandalia Heritage Foundation, in 1999. He was a founding member of the Preservation Alliance of West Virginia in 1981.\n \n In 1990, Kemp received Congressional funding to establish an Institute for the History of Technology and Industrial Archaeology (IHTIA) at WVU. The IHTIA, which became Kemp's full time job, provided historic preservation consultations, documented historic structures, held workshops and field schools, and published monographs. Over the course of its history, the IHTIA generated $13 million of research funding and worked on an estimated 86 projects. \n \n \nFor all of Kemp's work to preserve historic structures and encourage the spread of information about the history of industrial technology and transportation, the American Society of Civil Engineers named him a Distinguished Member in 2004. By the time he retired in the early 2000s, Kemp had devoted a lifetime to studying and celebrating America's industrial past. \u003c/p\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6270_c01_c02_c02"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_26_c08","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Alexandria Common City Council documents concerning the Fire Department","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_26_c08#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_26_c08","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_26_c08"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_26_c08","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_26","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_26","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_26","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_26","parent_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_26"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_26"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Milton Penn Collection (MS267)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Milton Penn Collection (MS267)"],"text":["Milton Penn Collection (MS267)","Alexandria Common City Council documents concerning the Fire Department","box 1","folder 8"],"title_filing_ssi":"Alexandria Common City Council documents concerning the Fire Department","title_ssm":["Alexandria Common City Council documents concerning the Fire Department"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria Common City Council documents concerning the Fire Department"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["January 17, 1794-December 29, 1851"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1794/1851"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Common City Council documents concerning the Fire Department"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Milton Penn Collection (MS267)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":8,"date_range_isim":[1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#7","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:10:26.748Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_26","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_26","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_26","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_26","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_26.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/26","title_ssm":["Milton Penn Collection (MS267)"],"title_tesim":["Milton Penn Collection (MS267)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1794-1893"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1794-1893"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS267"],"text":["MS267","Milton Penn Collection (MS267)","Fire departments -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Additional materials donated in 1995","The material is arranged chronologically by type of correspondence or business-related transaction. Arrangement repeated for Box 2 added in 1995.","The Alexandria Fire Department included five different volunteer fire companies during the period covered in these records. The first was the Friendship Fire Company, founded in 1774 and located on 107 South Alfred Street. Next was the Sun Fire Company in 1775. The Relief Fire Company was begun in 1788 and was located at 315 Prince Street. The Star Fire Company was started in 1799 and combined with the Friendship in 1852. Its new name was the Columbia Engine Company #4, when it was equipped with a new steam-powered fire engine in 1883. It was located at 109 South St. Asaph Street. In 1827, the Hydraulion Fire Company was founded. It was located at 1210 Cameron Street.","Each household in Alexandria purchased fire insurance and was assigned a specific fire company in case of disaster. The volunteer fire companies would not assist anyone without a plaque on their domicile or business, proving they were legitimately covered with insurance from the Fire Insurance Company of Alexandria.","Alexandria vertical file: Fire Department, Old\nCharles Sampson collections, MS053 and MS126.","The papers in this collection cover all of the Alexandria Fire Department's business and legal transactions over a span of one hundred years. The canceled checks show the many expenditures necessary to outfit, maintain, and operate the volunteer fire companies. There are also many receipts from commercial firms who provisioned, repaired, serviced and supplied the volunteer fire companies. The Alexandria Common Council appropriated money each year to cover the entire Fire Department.","Many reports to the Common Council are included. These contain appropriations for the fire companies, fire warden appointees and resignations, construction and repair of fire houses, minutes of Fire Department meetings, the establishment of a Fire Department Board of Directors and the enactment of laws covering fire house bells and assembly at fire houses.","One report from the Fire Department, dated May 8, 1860, describes how much usable hose each fire company has on-hand and requests purchase of more hose, in linear feet. A quarterly report dated August 15, 1851 lists the number of members in each fire company: The Sun had 111; the Relief, 63; the Friendship, 76; the Star, 47; and the Hydraulion, 52. ","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS267"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Milton Penn Collection (MS267)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Milton Penn Collection (MS267)"],"collection_ssim":["Milton Penn Collection (MS267)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Fire departments -- Virginia -- Alexandria"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Fire departments -- Virginia -- Alexandria"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".46 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":[".46 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional materials donated in 1995\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional materials donated in 1995"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe material is arranged chronologically by type of correspondence or business-related transaction. Arrangement repeated for Box 2 added in 1995.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The material is arranged chronologically by type of correspondence or business-related transaction. Arrangement repeated for Box 2 added in 1995."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alexandria Fire Department included five different volunteer fire companies during the period covered in these records. The first was the Friendship Fire Company, founded in 1774 and located on 107 South Alfred Street. Next was the Sun Fire Company in 1775. The Relief Fire Company was begun in 1788 and was located at 315 Prince Street. The Star Fire Company was started in 1799 and combined with the Friendship in 1852. Its new name was the Columbia Engine Company #4, when it was equipped with a new steam-powered fire engine in 1883. It was located at 109 South St. Asaph Street. In 1827, the Hydraulion Fire Company was founded. It was located at 1210 Cameron Street.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEach household in Alexandria purchased fire insurance and was assigned a specific fire company in case of disaster. The volunteer fire companies would not assist anyone without a plaque on their domicile or business, proving they were legitimately covered with insurance from the Fire Insurance Company of Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["The Alexandria Fire Department included five different volunteer fire companies during the period covered in these records. The first was the Friendship Fire Company, founded in 1774 and located on 107 South Alfred Street. Next was the Sun Fire Company in 1775. The Relief Fire Company was begun in 1788 and was located at 315 Prince Street. The Star Fire Company was started in 1799 and combined with the Friendship in 1852. Its new name was the Columbia Engine Company #4, when it was equipped with a new steam-powered fire engine in 1883. It was located at 109 South St. Asaph Street. In 1827, the Hydraulion Fire Company was founded. It was located at 1210 Cameron Street.","Each household in Alexandria purchased fire insurance and was assigned a specific fire company in case of disaster. The volunteer fire companies would not assist anyone without a plaque on their domicile or business, proving they were legitimately covered with insurance from the Fire Insurance Company of Alexandria."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item identification], Milton Penn Collection, MS267, Alexandria Library, Local History/Special Collections, Alexandria, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item identification], Milton Penn Collection, MS267, Alexandria Library, Local History/Special Collections, Alexandria, Va."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexandria vertical file: Fire Department, Old\nCharles Sampson collections, MS053 and MS126.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Alexandria vertical file: Fire Department, Old\nCharles Sampson collections, MS053 and MS126."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers in this collection cover all of the Alexandria Fire Department's business and legal transactions over a span of one hundred years. The canceled checks show the many expenditures necessary to outfit, maintain, and operate the volunteer fire companies. There are also many receipts from commercial firms who provisioned, repaired, serviced and supplied the volunteer fire companies. The Alexandria Common Council appropriated money each year to cover the entire Fire Department.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany reports to the Common Council are included. These contain appropriations for the fire companies, fire warden appointees and resignations, construction and repair of fire houses, minutes of Fire Department meetings, the establishment of a Fire Department Board of Directors and the enactment of laws covering fire house bells and assembly at fire houses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne report from the Fire Department, dated May 8, 1860, describes how much usable hose each fire company has on-hand and requests purchase of more hose, in linear feet. A quarterly report dated August 15, 1851 lists the number of members in each fire company: The Sun had 111; the Relief, 63; the Friendship, 76; the Star, 47; and the Hydraulion, 52. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers in this collection cover all of the Alexandria Fire Department's business and legal transactions over a span of one hundred years. The canceled checks show the many expenditures necessary to outfit, maintain, and operate the volunteer fire companies. There are also many receipts from commercial firms who provisioned, repaired, serviced and supplied the volunteer fire companies. The Alexandria Common Council appropriated money each year to cover the entire Fire Department.","Many reports to the Common Council are included. These contain appropriations for the fire companies, fire warden appointees and resignations, construction and repair of fire houses, minutes of Fire Department meetings, the establishment of a Fire Department Board of Directors and the enactment of laws covering fire house bells and assembly at fire houses.","One report from the Fire Department, dated May 8, 1860, describes how much usable hose each fire company has on-hand and requests purchase of more hose, in linear feet. A quarterly report dated August 15, 1851 lists the number of members in each fire company: The Sun had 111; the Relief, 63; the Friendship, 76; the Star, 47; and the Hydraulion, 52. "],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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McNulty Papers (MS282)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert H. McNulty Papers (MS282)"],"text":["Robert H. McNulty Papers (MS282)","Alexandria Gazette","English .","box 2","folder 2"],"title_filing_ssi":"Alexandria Gazette ","title_ssm":["Alexandria Gazette "],"title_tesim":["Alexandria Gazette "],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1793-1852"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1793/1852"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Gazette"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Robert H. McNulty Papers (MS282)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":54,"date_range_isim":[1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852],"language_ssim":["English ."],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#53","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:10:55.263Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_127","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_127","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_127","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_127","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_127.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/127","title_ssm":["Robert H. McNulty Papers (MS282)"],"title_tesim":["Robert H. McNulty Papers (MS282)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1970-1991"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970-1991"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS282"],"text":["MS282","Robert H. McNulty Papers (MS282)","Archaeology.","Urban renewal.","Privies","Historic buildings -- Virginia -- Alexandria -- Conservation and restoration.","Mr. McNulty had arranged the materials by subject; notes on particular areas were grouped together by street, and other notes were grouped by topic. This arrangement has been retained; the folder names in the collection have been taken from the original folders, which followed Mr.McNulty's organizational scheme.","Robert H. McNulty worked at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of History and Technology (the forerunner to the National Museum of American History) in the 1960s and 1970s. He performed research on various sites in connection with archaeology projects in the urban renewal area of Alexandria.","This collection consists of Mr. McNulty's Alexandria research notes and related documentation. Materials include photocopies of his notes from Alexandria Gazette; photocopied and hand-drawn maps of the areas under consideration; photocopies of deeds and other legal records; correspondence; and other research materials.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","McNulty, Robert H., 1940-","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MS282"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert H. McNulty Papers (MS282)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert H. McNulty Papers (MS282)"],"collection_ssim":["Robert H. McNulty Papers (MS282)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"creator_ssm":["McNulty, Robert H., 1940-"],"creator_ssim":["McNulty, Robert H., 1940-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McNulty, Robert H., 1940-"],"creators_ssim":["McNulty, Robert H., 1940-"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Archaeology.","Urban renewal.","Privies","Historic buildings -- Virginia -- Alexandria -- Conservation and restoration."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Archaeology.","Urban renewal.","Privies","Historic buildings -- Virginia -- Alexandria -- Conservation and restoration."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".85 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":[".85 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMr. McNulty had arranged the materials by subject; notes on particular areas were grouped together by street, and other notes were grouped by topic. 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McNulty worked at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of History and Technology (the forerunner to the National Museum of American History) in the 1960s and 1970s. He performed research on various sites in connection with archaeology projects in the urban renewal area of Alexandria."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[item identification], Robert H. McNulty Papers, MS282, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[item identification], Robert H. McNulty Papers, MS282, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of Mr. McNulty's Alexandria research notes and related documentation. Materials include photocopies of his notes from Alexandria Gazette; photocopied and hand-drawn maps of the areas under consideration; photocopies of deeds and other legal records; correspondence; and other research materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of Mr. McNulty's Alexandria research notes and related documentation. Materials include photocopies of his notes from Alexandria Gazette; photocopied and hand-drawn maps of the areas under consideration; photocopies of deeds and other legal records; correspondence; and other research materials."],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","McNulty, Robert H., 1940-"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"persname_ssim":["McNulty, Robert H., 1940-"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":70,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:10:55.263Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_127_c54"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Alexandria History Collection (MS240)","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe manuscripts vertical file is an artificial collection containing a wide variety of unique manuscript items relating to Alexandria, Virginia residents, businesses, organizations, and history.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_89","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_89.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/89","title_ssm":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1767-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1767-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS240","/repositories/2/resources/89"],"text":["MS240","/repositories/2/resources/89","Alexandria History Collection (MS240)","Formerly titled \"Vertical File (Manuscript) Collection\"","The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject. The collection is further split by size, with two additional oversized boxes containing materials from the same subjects as listed below.","The subjects are described as follows:","African-American History\n Alexandria-Juvenile\n Businesses\n Civil War and Reconstruction\n Collectables\n Culture\n Events\n Fire\n Government\n Historic Places\n Library\n Magazines\n Organizations\n Personal Business\n Personal\n Politics\n Railroads\n Religion\n Schools\n Tourism and Foodways\n Transportation","The manuscripts vertical file is an artificial collection containing a wide variety of unique manuscript items relating to Alexandria, Virginia residents, businesses, organizations, and history.","The majority of the items are manuscript pages but the collection also includes books and ephemera. It is strong in local business advertisements, stationary, and records as well as correspondence, legal and financial papers, memorabilia, and school-related documents. The majority of the documents date from the 19th century, although 18th and 20th century documents are also present.","Some notable documents include: a book of auction records from 1837-1840 including sales of houses, ships, and slaves; an apothecary formula book, several examples of late-18th century legal papers, Civil War passes into Washington for the Leadbeater family, an Alexandria High School student exercise book from 1859-1863, apprenticeship indentures, an 1841 retrocession petition, and records of fires in the city from the 1930s and 1950s.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Cazenove Family","Cazenove, Harriot E., 1823-1896","Cazenove, Anthony Charles, 1775-1852","Cazenove, Louis A., 1851-1925","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS240","/repositories/2/resources/89"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria History Collection (MS240)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was created circa 1976 and was expanded over many years through small donations and acquisitions. Accession information is unavailable for many of the items in the collection."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.75 Cubic Feet 14.5 legal size, 2 oversize"],"extent_tesim":["8.75 Cubic Feet 14.5 legal size, 2 oversize"],"dimensions_tesim":["Oversize boxes 24.75x20.75x3.5"],"date_range_isim":[1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFormerly titled \"Vertical File (Manuscript) Collection\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by subject. 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The collection is further split by size, with two additional oversized boxes containing materials from the same subjects as listed below.","The subjects are described as follows:","African-American History\n Alexandria-Juvenile\n Businesses\n Civil War and Reconstruction\n Collectables\n Culture\n Events\n Fire\n Government\n Historic Places\n Library\n Magazines\n Organizations\n Personal Business\n Personal\n Politics\n Railroads\n Religion\n Schools\n Tourism and Foodways\n Transportation","The manuscripts vertical file is an artificial collection containing a wide variety of unique manuscript items relating to Alexandria, Virginia residents, businesses, organizations, and history.","The majority of the items are manuscript pages but the collection also includes books and ephemera. It is strong in local business advertisements, stationary, and records as well as correspondence, legal and financial papers, memorabilia, and school-related documents. 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McNulty Papers (MS282)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert H. McNulty Papers (MS282)"],"text":["Robert H. McNulty Papers (MS282)","Alexandria Land Book","English .","box 2","folder 7"],"title_filing_ssi":"Alexandria Land Book ","title_ssm":["Alexandria Land Book "],"title_tesim":["Alexandria Land Book "],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1790-1970"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1790/1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Land Book"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Robert H. 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Materials include photocopies of his notes from Alexandria Gazette; photocopied and hand-drawn maps of the areas under consideration; photocopies of deeds and other legal records; correspondence; and other research materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of Mr. McNulty's Alexandria research notes and related documentation. Materials include photocopies of his notes from Alexandria Gazette; photocopied and hand-drawn maps of the areas under consideration; photocopies of deeds and other legal records; correspondence; and other research materials."],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","McNulty, Robert H., 1940-"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library"],"persname_ssim":["McNulty, Robert H., 1940-"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":70,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:10:55.263Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_127_c59"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Alexandria Library Company","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the Alexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_128.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/128","title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1794-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1794-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128"],"text":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128","Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)","Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc","Public libraries.","In the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club. ","Society president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half. ","For a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860. ","In October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog. ","The first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version. ","In the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.","The Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.","In June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.","In the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.","In September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).","The Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.","Members built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.","Another change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization. ","In 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.","Another longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result. ","Four days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there. ","A major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.","This name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.","Member Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.","Chronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.","Presidents of the Library Company and Its Successors February 1794-February 1813 Rev. James Muir February 1813-February 1815 Hugh Smith February 1815-March 1824 John Roberts March 1824-February 1829 Hugh Smith February 1829-February 1835 John Richards February 1835-February 1840 John Roberts February 1840-1852 Elias Harrison 1852-February 1855 J. Louis Kinzer February 1855-September 1858 Francis Miller September 1858- February 1859 Richard L. Carne February 1859-September 1859 Caleb S. Hallowell September 1859-February 1860 William G. Cazenove February 1860-February 1870 Richard L. Carne February 1870-February 1873 K. Kemper February 1873-October 1873 Samuel H. Janney October 1873-February 1874 Sidney C. Neale February 1874-June 1879 Mercer Slaughter September 1897-October 1905 Virginia Corse July 1906-June 1925 Mrs. Samuel. L. Monroe October 1925-April 1930 Loula Smoot April 1930-November 1933 Mrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule] December 1933-December 1934 Mary Lloyd December 1934-December 1936 Susan Thomson December 1936-November 1937 Mrs. Louis Scott November 1937-November 1944 Mrs. Curtis Backus November 1944-November 1946 Mrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett] November 1946-November 1947 Howard Worth Smith November 1947-October 1948 [Miss Anne] Lewis Jones October 1948-October 1949 Miss Horne October 1949-October 1950 Mr. Stanley King October 1950-December 1951 Mr. [Joseph] Crockett December 1951-February 1955 Mr. Robert Moncure February 1955-February 1957 Dr. [W. Bruce] Silcox February 1957-February 1959 Stanley King February 1959-February 1962 Mangum Weeks February 1962-February 1963 Richard Bales February 1963-February 1965 Donald King February 1965-February 1967 David Squires February 1967-February 1969 Howard Worth Smith Jr. February 1969-February 1971 William Francis Smith February 1971-February 1972 John T. Ticer February 1972-February 1974 David M. Abshire February 1974-February 1976 Mrs. Merill Beede February 1976-February 1978 Mrs. Douglas Lindsey February 1978-February 1980 Clarke T. Cooper Jr. February 1980-February 1982 William Seale February 1982-February 1983 Denys Peter Myers February 1983-February 1985 William B. Hurd February 1985-February 1986 George J. Stansfield February 1986-February 1987 Dr. Ernest A. Connally February 1987-February 1989 Dr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr. February 1989-March 1991 James M. Lewis March 1991-March 1992 Mrs. Anne Smith Paul March 1992-March 1993 Richard R. G. Hobson March 1993-March 1995 Dabney Waring March 1995-March 1997 James R. Hobson March 1997-March 1998 Robert C. Reed March 1998-March 2000 Neil Horstman March 2000-March 2002 Carroll Johnson March 2002-March 2003 Thomas C. Brown Jr.","Librarians of Alexandria February 1794-February 1796 Edward Stabler February 1796-February 1818 James Kennedy February 1818-August 1826 William Cranch August 1826-October 1829 W. Samuel Mark October 1829-March 1845 George Drinker March 1845-September 1845 James M. Eaches September 1845-September 1852 C.F. Stuart September 1852-April 1853 H. W. P. Junius September 1852-April 1853 L.? Hunter November 1853 Office Abolished February 1854-October 1855 E. M.[Magruder?] Lowe October 1855-September 1858 Norval E. Foard September 1858-February 1859 S. Scott February 1859-September 1859 Edward R. Roxbury September 1859-February 1860 James A. Clarridge February 1860-April 1861 Charles R. Burgess (acting) April 1861-Unknown Edwin N. Wise March 1868 Wr. Bushby April 1870-May 1871 August Henning July 1871-March 1872 W. F. Stansbury March 1872-August 1873 Emma J. Young October 1873-March 1876 Emily English March 1876 Position Eliminated June 1879 R. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?) October 1900-October 1903 F. Olive Lyons October 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946) Alice Green April 1937-December 1938 Miss Beatrice Workman January 1939-January 1941 Katherine Scoggin (later Martyn) February 1941-June 1948 Bessie Watson July 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month) Ellen C. Burke July 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958) Jeanne G. Plitt","A reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series. ","\nSeveral other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed. ","The Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.","\nIt particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.","\nThe minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.","Transcripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.","Lecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures] Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2 080 LEC 2 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3 080 LEC 3 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4 080 LEC 4 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5 080 LEC 5 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6 080 LEC 6 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7 080 LEC 7 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8 080 LEC 8 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9 080 LEC 9 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10 080 LEC 10 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11 080 LEC 11 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12 080 LEC 12 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13 080 LEC 13 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14 080 LEC 14 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15 080 LEC 15 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16 080 LEC 16 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17 080 LEC 17 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18 080 LEC 18","The collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"geogname_ssim":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"creator_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creator_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creators_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"places_ssim":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Public libraries."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Public libraries."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.10 Cubic Feet 13 boxes, 2 oversize boxes, 1 record carton"],"extent_tesim":["8.10 Cubic Feet 13 boxes, 2 oversize boxes, 1 record carton"],"date_range_isim":[1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Presidents and Librarians of the Library"],"bioghist_tesim":["In the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club. ","Society president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half. ","For a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860. ","In October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog. ","The first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version. ","In the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.","The Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.","In June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.","In the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.","In September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).","The Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.","Members built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.","Another change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization. ","In 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.","Another longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result. ","Four days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there. ","A major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.","This name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.","Member Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.","Chronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.","Presidents of the Library Company and Its Successors February 1794-February 1813 Rev. James Muir February 1813-February 1815 Hugh Smith February 1815-March 1824 John Roberts March 1824-February 1829 Hugh Smith February 1829-February 1835 John Richards February 1835-February 1840 John Roberts February 1840-1852 Elias Harrison 1852-February 1855 J. Louis Kinzer February 1855-September 1858 Francis Miller September 1858- February 1859 Richard L. Carne February 1859-September 1859 Caleb S. Hallowell September 1859-February 1860 William G. Cazenove February 1860-February 1870 Richard L. Carne February 1870-February 1873 K. Kemper February 1873-October 1873 Samuel H. Janney October 1873-February 1874 Sidney C. Neale February 1874-June 1879 Mercer Slaughter September 1897-October 1905 Virginia Corse July 1906-June 1925 Mrs. Samuel. L. Monroe October 1925-April 1930 Loula Smoot April 1930-November 1933 Mrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule] December 1933-December 1934 Mary Lloyd December 1934-December 1936 Susan Thomson December 1936-November 1937 Mrs. Louis Scott November 1937-November 1944 Mrs. Curtis Backus November 1944-November 1946 Mrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett] November 1946-November 1947 Howard Worth Smith November 1947-October 1948 [Miss Anne] Lewis Jones October 1948-October 1949 Miss Horne October 1949-October 1950 Mr. Stanley King October 1950-December 1951 Mr. [Joseph] Crockett December 1951-February 1955 Mr. Robert Moncure February 1955-February 1957 Dr. [W. Bruce] Silcox February 1957-February 1959 Stanley King February 1959-February 1962 Mangum Weeks February 1962-February 1963 Richard Bales February 1963-February 1965 Donald King February 1965-February 1967 David Squires February 1967-February 1969 Howard Worth Smith Jr. February 1969-February 1971 William Francis Smith February 1971-February 1972 John T. Ticer February 1972-February 1974 David M. Abshire February 1974-February 1976 Mrs. Merill Beede February 1976-February 1978 Mrs. Douglas Lindsey February 1978-February 1980 Clarke T. Cooper Jr. February 1980-February 1982 William Seale February 1982-February 1983 Denys Peter Myers February 1983-February 1985 William B. Hurd February 1985-February 1986 George J. Stansfield February 1986-February 1987 Dr. Ernest A. Connally February 1987-February 1989 Dr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr. February 1989-March 1991 James M. Lewis March 1991-March 1992 Mrs. Anne Smith Paul March 1992-March 1993 Richard R. G. Hobson March 1993-March 1995 Dabney Waring March 1995-March 1997 James R. Hobson March 1997-March 1998 Robert C. Reed March 1998-March 2000 Neil Horstman March 2000-March 2002 Carroll Johnson March 2002-March 2003 Thomas C. Brown Jr.","Librarians of Alexandria February 1794-February 1796 Edward Stabler February 1796-February 1818 James Kennedy February 1818-August 1826 William Cranch August 1826-October 1829 W. Samuel Mark October 1829-March 1845 George Drinker March 1845-September 1845 James M. Eaches September 1845-September 1852 C.F. Stuart September 1852-April 1853 H. W. P. Junius September 1852-April 1853 L.? Hunter November 1853 Office Abolished February 1854-October 1855 E. M.[Magruder?] Lowe October 1855-September 1858 Norval E. Foard September 1858-February 1859 S. Scott February 1859-September 1859 Edward R. Roxbury September 1859-February 1860 James A. Clarridge February 1860-April 1861 Charles R. Burgess (acting) April 1861-Unknown Edwin N. Wise March 1868 Wr. Bushby April 1870-May 1871 August Henning July 1871-March 1872 W. F. Stansbury March 1872-August 1873 Emma J. Young October 1873-March 1876 Emily English March 1876 Position Eliminated June 1879 R. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?) October 1900-October 1903 F. Olive Lyons October 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946) Alice Green April 1937-December 1938 Miss Beatrice Workman January 1939-January 1941 Katherine Scoggin (later Martyn) February 1941-June 1948 Bessie Watson July 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month) Ellen C. Burke July 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958) Jeanne G. Plitt"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|7a4491fe-5b8d-43e9-aa46-69ecce4c0734/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item], Alexandria Library Company Records, MS002, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item], Alexandria Library Company Records, MS002, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeveral other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed. \u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["A reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series. ","\nSeveral other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIt particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eLecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures]\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 2\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 3\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 4\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 5\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 6\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 7\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 8\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 9\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 10\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 11\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 12\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 13\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 14\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 15\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 16\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 17\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 18\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.","\nIt particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.","\nThe minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.","Transcripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.","Lecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures] Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2 080 LEC 2 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3 080 LEC 3 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4 080 LEC 4 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5 080 LEC 5 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6 080 LEC 6 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7 080 LEC 7 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8 080 LEC 8 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9 080 LEC 9 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10 080 LEC 10 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11 080 LEC 11 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12 080 LEC 12 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13 080 LEC 13 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14 080 LEC 14 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15 080 LEC 15 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16 080 LEC 16 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17 080 LEC 17 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18 080 LEC 18"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series."],"names_coll_ssim":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":147,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:09:43.684Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSociety president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMembers built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFour days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMember Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003ePresidents of the Library Company and Its Successors\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1794-February 1813\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRev. James Muir\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1813-February 1815\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHugh Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1815-March 1824\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Roberts\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1824-February 1829\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHugh Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1829-February 1835\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Richards\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1835-February 1840\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Roberts\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1840-1852\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eElias Harrison\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003e1852-February 1855\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJ. Louis Kinzer\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1855-September 1858\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eFrancis Miller\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1858- February 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard L. Carne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1859-September 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCaleb S. Hallowell\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1859-February 1860\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam G. Cazenove\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1860-February 1870\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard L. Carne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1870-February 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eK. Kemper\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1873-October 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSamuel H. Janney\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1873-February 1874\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSidney C. Neale\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1874-June 1879\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMercer Slaughter\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1897-October 1905\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eVirginia Corse\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1906-June 1925\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Samuel. L. Monroe\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1925-April 1930\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eLoula Smoot\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1930-November 1933\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule]\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1933-December 1934\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMary Lloyd\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1934-December 1936\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSusan Thomson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1936-November 1937\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Louis Scott\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1937-November 1944\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Curtis Backus\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1944-November 1946\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett]\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1946-November 1947\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHoward Worth Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1947-October 1948\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e[Miss Anne] Lewis Jones\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1948-October 1949\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMiss Horne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1949-October 1950\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. Stanley King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1950-December 1951\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. [Joseph] Crockett\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1951-February 1955\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. Robert Moncure\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1955-February 1957\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. [W. Bruce] Silcox\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1957-February 1959\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eStanley King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1959-February 1962\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMangum Weeks\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1962-February 1963\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard Bales\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1963-February 1965\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDonald King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1965-February 1967\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDavid Squires\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1967-February 1969\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHoward Worth Smith Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1969-February 1971\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Francis Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1971-February 1972\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn T. Ticer\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1972-February 1974\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDavid M. Abshire\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1974-February 1976\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Merill Beede\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1976-February 1978\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Douglas Lindsey\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1978-February 1980\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eClarke T. Cooper Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1980-February 1982\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Seale\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1982-February 1983\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDenys Peter Myers\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1983-February 1985\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam B. Hurd\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1985-February 1986\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eGeorge J. Stansfield\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1986-February 1987\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. Ernest A. Connally\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1987-February 1989\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1989-March 1991\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames M. Lewis\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1991-March 1992\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Anne Smith Paul\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1992-March 1993\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard R. G. Hobson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1993-March 1995\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDabney Waring\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1995-March 1997\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames R. Hobson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1997-March 1998\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRobert C. Reed\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1998-March 2000\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNeil Horstman\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 2000-March 2002\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCarroll Johnson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 2002-March 2003\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eThomas C. Brown Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eLibrarians of Alexandria\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1794-February 1796\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdward Stabler\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1796-February 1818\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames Kennedy\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1818-August 1826\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Cranch\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAugust 1826-October 1829\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eW. Samuel Mark\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1829-March 1845\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eGeorge Drinker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1845-September 1845\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames M. Eaches\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1845-September 1852\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eC.F. Stuart\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1852-April 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eH. W. P. Junius\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1852-April 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eL.? Hunter\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eOffice Abolished\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1854-October 1855\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eE. M.[Magruder?] Lowe\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1855-September 1858\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNorval E. Foard\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1858-February 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eS. Scott\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1859-September 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdward R. Roxbury\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1859-February 1860\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames A. Clarridge\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1860-April 1861\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCharles R. Burgess (acting)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1861-Unknown\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdwin N. Wise\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1868\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWr. Bushby\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1870-May 1871\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eAugust Henning\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1871-March 1872\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eW. F. Stansbury\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1872-August 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEmma J. Young\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1873-March 1876\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEmily English\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1876\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePosition Eliminated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJune 1879\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eR. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1900-October 1903\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eF. Olive Lyons\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eAlice Green\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1937-December 1938\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMiss Beatrice Workman\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJanuary 1939-January 1941\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eKatherine Scoggin (later Martyn)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1941-June 1948\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eBessie Watson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEllen C. Burke\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJeanne G. Plitt\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_128.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/128","title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1794-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1794-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128"],"text":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128","Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)","Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc","Public libraries.","In the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club. ","Society president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half. ","For a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860. ","In October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog. ","The first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version. ","In the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.","The Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.","In June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.","In the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.","In September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).","The Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.","Members built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.","Another change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization. ","In 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.","Another longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result. ","Four days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there. ","A major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.","This name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.","Member Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.","Chronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.","Presidents of the Library Company and Its Successors February 1794-February 1813 Rev. James Muir February 1813-February 1815 Hugh Smith February 1815-March 1824 John Roberts March 1824-February 1829 Hugh Smith February 1829-February 1835 John Richards February 1835-February 1840 John Roberts February 1840-1852 Elias Harrison 1852-February 1855 J. Louis Kinzer February 1855-September 1858 Francis Miller September 1858- February 1859 Richard L. Carne February 1859-September 1859 Caleb S. Hallowell September 1859-February 1860 William G. Cazenove February 1860-February 1870 Richard L. Carne February 1870-February 1873 K. Kemper February 1873-October 1873 Samuel H. Janney October 1873-February 1874 Sidney C. Neale February 1874-June 1879 Mercer Slaughter September 1897-October 1905 Virginia Corse July 1906-June 1925 Mrs. Samuel. L. Monroe October 1925-April 1930 Loula Smoot April 1930-November 1933 Mrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule] December 1933-December 1934 Mary Lloyd December 1934-December 1936 Susan Thomson December 1936-November 1937 Mrs. Louis Scott November 1937-November 1944 Mrs. Curtis Backus November 1944-November 1946 Mrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett] November 1946-November 1947 Howard Worth Smith November 1947-October 1948 [Miss Anne] Lewis Jones October 1948-October 1949 Miss Horne October 1949-October 1950 Mr. Stanley King October 1950-December 1951 Mr. [Joseph] Crockett December 1951-February 1955 Mr. Robert Moncure February 1955-February 1957 Dr. [W. Bruce] Silcox February 1957-February 1959 Stanley King February 1959-February 1962 Mangum Weeks February 1962-February 1963 Richard Bales February 1963-February 1965 Donald King February 1965-February 1967 David Squires February 1967-February 1969 Howard Worth Smith Jr. February 1969-February 1971 William Francis Smith February 1971-February 1972 John T. Ticer February 1972-February 1974 David M. Abshire February 1974-February 1976 Mrs. Merill Beede February 1976-February 1978 Mrs. Douglas Lindsey February 1978-February 1980 Clarke T. Cooper Jr. February 1980-February 1982 William Seale February 1982-February 1983 Denys Peter Myers February 1983-February 1985 William B. Hurd February 1985-February 1986 George J. Stansfield February 1986-February 1987 Dr. Ernest A. Connally February 1987-February 1989 Dr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr. February 1989-March 1991 James M. Lewis March 1991-March 1992 Mrs. Anne Smith Paul March 1992-March 1993 Richard R. G. Hobson March 1993-March 1995 Dabney Waring March 1995-March 1997 James R. Hobson March 1997-March 1998 Robert C. Reed March 1998-March 2000 Neil Horstman March 2000-March 2002 Carroll Johnson March 2002-March 2003 Thomas C. Brown Jr.","Librarians of Alexandria February 1794-February 1796 Edward Stabler February 1796-February 1818 James Kennedy February 1818-August 1826 William Cranch August 1826-October 1829 W. Samuel Mark October 1829-March 1845 George Drinker March 1845-September 1845 James M. Eaches September 1845-September 1852 C.F. Stuart September 1852-April 1853 H. W. P. Junius September 1852-April 1853 L.? Hunter November 1853 Office Abolished February 1854-October 1855 E. M.[Magruder?] Lowe October 1855-September 1858 Norval E. Foard September 1858-February 1859 S. Scott February 1859-September 1859 Edward R. Roxbury September 1859-February 1860 James A. Clarridge February 1860-April 1861 Charles R. Burgess (acting) April 1861-Unknown Edwin N. Wise March 1868 Wr. Bushby April 1870-May 1871 August Henning July 1871-March 1872 W. F. Stansbury March 1872-August 1873 Emma J. Young October 1873-March 1876 Emily English March 1876 Position Eliminated June 1879 R. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?) October 1900-October 1903 F. Olive Lyons October 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946) Alice Green April 1937-December 1938 Miss Beatrice Workman January 1939-January 1941 Katherine Scoggin (later Martyn) February 1941-June 1948 Bessie Watson July 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month) Ellen C. Burke July 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958) Jeanne G. Plitt","A reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series. ","\nSeveral other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed. ","The Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.","\nIt particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.","\nThe minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.","Transcripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.","Lecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures] Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2 080 LEC 2 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3 080 LEC 3 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4 080 LEC 4 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5 080 LEC 5 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6 080 LEC 6 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7 080 LEC 7 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8 080 LEC 8 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9 080 LEC 9 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10 080 LEC 10 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11 080 LEC 11 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12 080 LEC 12 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13 080 LEC 13 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14 080 LEC 14 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15 080 LEC 15 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16 080 LEC 16 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17 080 LEC 17 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18 080 LEC 18","The collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"geogname_ssim":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"creator_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creator_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creators_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"places_ssim":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Public libraries."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Public libraries."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.10 Cubic Feet 13 boxes, 2 oversize boxes, 1 record carton"],"extent_tesim":["8.10 Cubic Feet 13 boxes, 2 oversize boxes, 1 record carton"],"date_range_isim":[1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Presidents and Librarians of the Library"],"bioghist_tesim":["In the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club. ","Society president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half. ","For a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860. ","In October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog. ","The first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version. ","In the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.","The Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.","In June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.","In the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.","In September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).","The Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.","Members built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.","Another change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization. ","In 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.","Another longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result. ","Four days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there. ","A major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.","This name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.","Member Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.","Chronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.","Presidents of the Library Company and Its Successors February 1794-February 1813 Rev. James Muir February 1813-February 1815 Hugh Smith February 1815-March 1824 John Roberts March 1824-February 1829 Hugh Smith February 1829-February 1835 John Richards February 1835-February 1840 John Roberts February 1840-1852 Elias Harrison 1852-February 1855 J. Louis Kinzer February 1855-September 1858 Francis Miller September 1858- February 1859 Richard L. Carne February 1859-September 1859 Caleb S. Hallowell September 1859-February 1860 William G. Cazenove February 1860-February 1870 Richard L. Carne February 1870-February 1873 K. Kemper February 1873-October 1873 Samuel H. Janney October 1873-February 1874 Sidney C. Neale February 1874-June 1879 Mercer Slaughter September 1897-October 1905 Virginia Corse July 1906-June 1925 Mrs. Samuel. L. Monroe October 1925-April 1930 Loula Smoot April 1930-November 1933 Mrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule] December 1933-December 1934 Mary Lloyd December 1934-December 1936 Susan Thomson December 1936-November 1937 Mrs. Louis Scott November 1937-November 1944 Mrs. Curtis Backus November 1944-November 1946 Mrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett] November 1946-November 1947 Howard Worth Smith November 1947-October 1948 [Miss Anne] Lewis Jones October 1948-October 1949 Miss Horne October 1949-October 1950 Mr. Stanley King October 1950-December 1951 Mr. [Joseph] Crockett December 1951-February 1955 Mr. Robert Moncure February 1955-February 1957 Dr. [W. Bruce] Silcox February 1957-February 1959 Stanley King February 1959-February 1962 Mangum Weeks February 1962-February 1963 Richard Bales February 1963-February 1965 Donald King February 1965-February 1967 David Squires February 1967-February 1969 Howard Worth Smith Jr. February 1969-February 1971 William Francis Smith February 1971-February 1972 John T. Ticer February 1972-February 1974 David M. Abshire February 1974-February 1976 Mrs. Merill Beede February 1976-February 1978 Mrs. Douglas Lindsey February 1978-February 1980 Clarke T. Cooper Jr. February 1980-February 1982 William Seale February 1982-February 1983 Denys Peter Myers February 1983-February 1985 William B. Hurd February 1985-February 1986 George J. Stansfield February 1986-February 1987 Dr. Ernest A. Connally February 1987-February 1989 Dr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr. February 1989-March 1991 James M. Lewis March 1991-March 1992 Mrs. Anne Smith Paul March 1992-March 1993 Richard R. G. Hobson March 1993-March 1995 Dabney Waring March 1995-March 1997 James R. Hobson March 1997-March 1998 Robert C. Reed March 1998-March 2000 Neil Horstman March 2000-March 2002 Carroll Johnson March 2002-March 2003 Thomas C. Brown Jr.","Librarians of Alexandria February 1794-February 1796 Edward Stabler February 1796-February 1818 James Kennedy February 1818-August 1826 William Cranch August 1826-October 1829 W. Samuel Mark October 1829-March 1845 George Drinker March 1845-September 1845 James M. Eaches September 1845-September 1852 C.F. Stuart September 1852-April 1853 H. W. P. Junius September 1852-April 1853 L.? Hunter November 1853 Office Abolished February 1854-October 1855 E. M.[Magruder?] Lowe October 1855-September 1858 Norval E. Foard September 1858-February 1859 S. Scott February 1859-September 1859 Edward R. Roxbury September 1859-February 1860 James A. Clarridge February 1860-April 1861 Charles R. Burgess (acting) April 1861-Unknown Edwin N. Wise March 1868 Wr. Bushby April 1870-May 1871 August Henning July 1871-March 1872 W. F. Stansbury March 1872-August 1873 Emma J. Young October 1873-March 1876 Emily English March 1876 Position Eliminated June 1879 R. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?) October 1900-October 1903 F. Olive Lyons October 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946) Alice Green April 1937-December 1938 Miss Beatrice Workman January 1939-January 1941 Katherine Scoggin (later Martyn) February 1941-June 1948 Bessie Watson July 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month) Ellen C. Burke July 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958) Jeanne G. Plitt"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|7a4491fe-5b8d-43e9-aa46-69ecce4c0734/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item], Alexandria Library Company Records, MS002, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item], Alexandria Library Company Records, MS002, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeveral other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed. \u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["A reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series. ","\nSeveral other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIt particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eLecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures]\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 2\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 3\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 4\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 5\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 6\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 7\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 8\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 9\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 10\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 11\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 12\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 13\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 14\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 15\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 16\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 17\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 18\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.","\nIt particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.","\nThe minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.","Transcripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.","Lecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures] Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2 080 LEC 2 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3 080 LEC 3 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4 080 LEC 4 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5 080 LEC 5 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6 080 LEC 6 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7 080 LEC 7 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8 080 LEC 8 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9 080 LEC 9 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10 080 LEC 10 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11 080 LEC 11 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12 080 LEC 12 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13 080 LEC 13 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14 080 LEC 14 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15 080 LEC 15 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16 080 LEC 16 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17 080 LEC 17 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18 080 LEC 18"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series."],"names_coll_ssim":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":147,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:09:43.684Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSociety president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMembers built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFour days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMember Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003ePresidents of the Library Company and Its Successors\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1794-February 1813\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRev. James Muir\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1813-February 1815\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHugh Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1815-March 1824\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Roberts\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1824-February 1829\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHugh Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1829-February 1835\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Richards\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1835-February 1840\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Roberts\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1840-1852\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eElias Harrison\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003e1852-February 1855\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJ. Louis Kinzer\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1855-September 1858\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eFrancis Miller\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1858- February 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard L. Carne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1859-September 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCaleb S. Hallowell\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1859-February 1860\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam G. Cazenove\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1860-February 1870\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard L. Carne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1870-February 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eK. Kemper\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1873-October 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSamuel H. Janney\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1873-February 1874\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSidney C. Neale\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1874-June 1879\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMercer Slaughter\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1897-October 1905\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eVirginia Corse\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1906-June 1925\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Samuel. L. Monroe\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1925-April 1930\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eLoula Smoot\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1930-November 1933\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule]\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1933-December 1934\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMary Lloyd\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1934-December 1936\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSusan Thomson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1936-November 1937\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Louis Scott\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1937-November 1944\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Curtis Backus\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1944-November 1946\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett]\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1946-November 1947\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHoward Worth Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1947-October 1948\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e[Miss Anne] Lewis Jones\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1948-October 1949\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMiss Horne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1949-October 1950\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. Stanley King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1950-December 1951\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. [Joseph] Crockett\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1951-February 1955\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. Robert Moncure\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1955-February 1957\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. [W. Bruce] Silcox\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1957-February 1959\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eStanley King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1959-February 1962\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMangum Weeks\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1962-February 1963\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard Bales\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1963-February 1965\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDonald King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1965-February 1967\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDavid Squires\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1967-February 1969\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHoward Worth Smith Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1969-February 1971\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Francis Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1971-February 1972\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn T. Ticer\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1972-February 1974\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDavid M. Abshire\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1974-February 1976\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Merill Beede\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1976-February 1978\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Douglas Lindsey\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1978-February 1980\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eClarke T. Cooper Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1980-February 1982\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Seale\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1982-February 1983\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDenys Peter Myers\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1983-February 1985\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam B. Hurd\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1985-February 1986\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eGeorge J. Stansfield\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1986-February 1987\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. Ernest A. Connally\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1987-February 1989\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1989-March 1991\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames M. Lewis\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1991-March 1992\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Anne Smith Paul\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1992-March 1993\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard R. G. Hobson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1993-March 1995\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDabney Waring\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1995-March 1997\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames R. Hobson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1997-March 1998\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRobert C. Reed\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1998-March 2000\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNeil Horstman\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 2000-March 2002\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCarroll Johnson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 2002-March 2003\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eThomas C. Brown Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eLibrarians of Alexandria\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1794-February 1796\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdward Stabler\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1796-February 1818\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames Kennedy\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1818-August 1826\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Cranch\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAugust 1826-October 1829\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eW. Samuel Mark\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1829-March 1845\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eGeorge Drinker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1845-September 1845\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames M. Eaches\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1845-September 1852\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eC.F. Stuart\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1852-April 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eH. W. P. Junius\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1852-April 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eL.? Hunter\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eOffice Abolished\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1854-October 1855\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eE. M.[Magruder?] Lowe\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1855-September 1858\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNorval E. Foard\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1858-February 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eS. Scott\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1859-September 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdward R. Roxbury\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1859-February 1860\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames A. Clarridge\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1860-April 1861\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCharles R. Burgess (acting)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1861-Unknown\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdwin N. Wise\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1868\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWr. Bushby\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1870-May 1871\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eAugust Henning\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1871-March 1872\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eW. F. Stansbury\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1872-August 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEmma J. Young\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1873-March 1876\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEmily English\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1876\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePosition Eliminated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJune 1879\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eR. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1900-October 1903\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eF. Olive Lyons\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eAlice Green\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1937-December 1938\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMiss Beatrice Workman\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJanuary 1939-January 1941\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eKatherine Scoggin (later Martyn)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1941-June 1948\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eBessie Watson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEllen C. Burke\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJeanne G. 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