{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1814\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=537","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1814\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=536","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1814\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=538","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1814\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=551"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":537,"next_page":538,"prev_page":536,"total_pages":551,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":5360,"total_count":5506,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375_c03_c25_c07","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Will Book No. 2, 1809/1837","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375_c03_c25_c07#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375_c03_c25_c07","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375_c03_c25_c07"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375_c03_c25_c07","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375_c03_c25","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375_c03_c25","parent_ssim":["Brooke County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1780/1918","Series 3: Record Books, 1780/1906","Court Record Books, 1780/1837"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375_c03","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375_c03_c25"],"title_filing_ssi":"Will Book No. 2","title_ssm":["Will Book No. 2"],"title_tesim":["Will Book No. 2"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Will Book No. 2, 1809/1837"],"text":["Will Book No. 2, 1809/1837","Brooke County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1780/1918","Series 3: Record Books, 1780/1906","Court Record Books, 1780/1837","Box 160","Item 137","Microfilm copy available on BRO 151"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Brooke County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1780/1918","Series 3: Record Books, 1780/1906","Court Record Books, 1780/1837"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Brooke County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1780/1918","Series 3: Record Books, 1780/1906","Court Record Books, 1780/1837"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1809/1837"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-1837"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":489,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Brooke County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1780/1918"],"containers_ssim":["Box 160","Item 137"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["For materials in boxes 1-148, and all record books except item 145-A, researchers should use microfilm."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy available on BRO 151\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Microfilm copy available on BRO 151"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#24/components#6","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:54:54.254Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2375.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196441","title_ssm":["Brooke County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers"],"title_tesim":["Brooke County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1780-1918"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1780-1918"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1780/1918"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Brooke County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1780/1918"],"text":["Brooke County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1780/1918","A\u0026M 0043","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2375","Brooke County (W. Va.)","Wellsburg, W.Va.","Brooke County (W.Va.) -- archives","Account books","General stores","County courts","Court calendars","Public records","Real property","Taxation","Vital statistics","Birth, marriage, and death records.","Enslaved persons","Justice, Administration of","Freed persons","Index\nThis collection has a full Alphabetical, Chronological, and Subject Index available onsite by request.","For materials in boxes 1-148, and all record books except item 145-A, researchers should use microfilm.","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 1-2","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 3","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 4-5","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 6-7","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 8-9","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 10-11","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 12-13","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 14","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 15-16","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 17-18","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 19-20","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 21-22","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 23-24","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 25-26","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 27-28","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 29-30","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 31-32","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 33","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 34","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 35","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 36","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 37","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 38","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 39","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 40","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 41","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 42","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 43","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 44","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 45","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 46","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 47","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 48","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 49","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 50","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 51","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 52","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 53","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 54-55","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 56","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 57","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 58","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 59","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 60","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 61","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 62","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 63","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 64","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 65","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 66","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 67","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 68","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 69","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 70","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 71","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 72","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 73","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 74","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 75","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 76","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 77","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 78","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 79","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 80","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 81","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 82","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 83","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 84","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 85","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 86","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 87","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 88","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 89","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 90","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 91","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 92","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 93","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 94","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 95","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 96","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 97","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 98","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 99","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 100","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 101","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 102","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 103","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 104","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 105","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 106","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 107","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 108","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 109","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 110","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 111","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 112","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 113","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 114","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 115","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 116","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 117","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 118","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 119","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 120","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 121","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 122","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 123","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 124","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 125","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 126","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 127","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 128","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 129","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 130","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 131","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 132","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 133","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 134","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 135","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 136","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 137","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 138-139","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 140","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 141-142","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 143-144","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 145-146","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 147","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 148","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 5","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 7","Microfilm copy of item 8","Microfilm copy of item 9","Microfilm copy of item 10","Microfilm copy of item 14","Microfilm copy of item 13","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 18","Microfilm copy of item 19","Microfilm copy of item 20","Microfilm copy of item 21","Microfilm copy of items 22-24","Microfilm copy of item 25","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 27","Microfilm copy of item 28","Microfilm copy of item 29","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 30","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 32","Microfilm copy of item 33","Microfilm copy of item 34","Microfilm copy of item 35","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 39","Microfilm copy of item 40","Microfilm copy of item 41","Microfilm copy of item 42","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 46","Microfilm copy of item 47","Microfilm copy of item 48","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 49","Microfilm copy of item 50","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 53","Microfilm copy of items 54-55","Microfilm copy of item 56","Microfilm copy of item 57","Microfilm copy of item 58","Microfilm copy of item 59","Microfilm copy of item 60","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item","Microfilm copy of item 62","Microfilm copy of item 63","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 132, no other original material available","Microfilm copy of item 133","Microfilm copy of item 134","Microfilm copy of item 135","Microfilm copy of item 136","Microfilm copy of item 137","Microfilm copy of item 138","Microfilm copy of item 139","Microfilm copy of item 140","Microfilm copy of item 141","Microfilm copy of item 142","Microfilm copy of item 143","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 147","Microfilm copy of item 148","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 151","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 1","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 1","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 2","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 3","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 3","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 4","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 4","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 5","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 5","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 6","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 6","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 7","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 7","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 8","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 9","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 9","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 10","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 10","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 11","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 11","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 12","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 12","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 13","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 13","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 14","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 14","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 15","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 15","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 16","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 16","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 17","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 17","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 18","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 19","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 20","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 21","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 22","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 23","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 24","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 25","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 26","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 27","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 28","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 29","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 30","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 31","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 32","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 33","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 34","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 35","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 36","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 37","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 38","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 39","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 39","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 40","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 41","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 42","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 43","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 44","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 45","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 46","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 47","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 48","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 49","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 50","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 51","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 52","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 53","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 54","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 55","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 56","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 57","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 58","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 59","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 60","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 61","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 62","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 63","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 64","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 65","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 66","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 67","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 68","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 69","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 70","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 71","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 72","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 73","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 74","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 75","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 76","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 77","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 78","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 79","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 80","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 81","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 82","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 83","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 84","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 85","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 86","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 87","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 88","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 89","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 90","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 91","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 92","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 93","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 94","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 95","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 96","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 97","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 98","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 99","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 100","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 101","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 102","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 103","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 104","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 105","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 106","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 107","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 108","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 109","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 110","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 111","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 112","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 113","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 114","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 115","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 116","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 117","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 118","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 119","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 120","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 121","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 122","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 122","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 123","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 124","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 124","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 125","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 125","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 126","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 126","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 127","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 128","No Microfilm Copy Available","No Microfilm Copy Available","No Microfilm Copy Available","No Microfilm Copy Available","No Microfilm Copy Available","No Microfilm Copy Available","No Microfilm Copy Available","No Microfilm Copy Available","Microfilm copy available on BRO 133","Microfilm copy available on BRO 133","Microfilm copy available on BRO 134","Microfilm copy available on BRO 135","Microfilm copy available on BRO 135","Microfilm copy available on BRO 136","Microfilm copy available on BRO 137","Microfilm copy available on BRO 139","Microfilm copy available on BRO 139","Microfilm copy available on BRO 139","Microfilm copy available on BRO 144","Microfilm copy available on BRO 144","Microfilm copy available on BRO 144","Microfilm copy available on BRO 145","Microfilm copy available on BRO 152","Microfilm copy available on BRO 153","Microfilm copy available on BRO 153","Microfilm copy available on BRO 154","Microfilm copy available on BRO 154","Microfilm copy available on BRO 156","Microfilm copy available on BRO 155","Microfilm copy available on BRO 152","Microfilm copy available on BRO 151","Microfilm copy available on BRO 151","Microfilm copy available on BRO 151","Microfilm copy available on BRO 151","Microfilm copy available on BRO 150","No Microfilm Copy Available","Microfilm copy available on BRO 142","Microfilm copy available on BRO 134","Microfilm copy available on BRO 130","Microfilm copy available on BRO 137","Microfilm copy available on BRO 144","Microfilm copy available on BRO 131","Microfilm copy available on BRO 131","Microfilm copy available on BRO 145","Microfilm copy available on BRO 133","Microfilm copy available on BRO 131","Microfilm copy available on BRO 134","Microfilm copy available on BRO 131","Microfilm copy available on BRO 141","Microfilm copy available on BRO 132","Microfilm copy available on BRO 141","Microfilm copy available on BRO 142","Microfilm copy available on BRO 133","Microfilm copy available on BRO 130","Microfilm copy available on BRO 144","Microfilm copy available on BRO 137","Microfilm copy available on BRO 141","Microfilm copy available on BRO 135","Microfilm copy available on BRO 135","Microfilm copy available on BRO 143","Microfilm copy available on BRO 143","Microfilm copy available on BRO 143","Microfilm copy available on BRO 144","Microfilm copy available on BRO 151","Microfilm copy available on BRO 156","Microfilm copy available on BRO 140","Microfilm copy available on BRO 136","This collection is arranged in three series by material type. The paper materials in series 2 are in envelopes and are arranged numerically by envelope number. The envelopes are generally arranged chronologically, and the envelope number, year, and court level are written on the outside of the envelope.","All original material is stored offsite; please make an appointment prior to visiting.","Brookes County Volumes in general collection:","Brooke County (WV) index : complete transcription of county court order books : cumulative index in a separate volume : also includes present-day Hancock County, WV, Order Book volumes 1-83, by Gwendolyn Hubbard, Elliott, and Craft, 929.375413 H861bci","Marriage, Birth, and Death records compiled by Gwendolyn Hubbard and Bobbie Elliott, 929.375413 H861bm","Brooke County (VA/WV) personal property tax records, 1797-1851, by Gwendolyn Hubbard and Bobbie Elliott, 929.375413 H861bpt","A\u0026M 0981- Brooke County Records","A\u0026M 416, John C. Palmer Papers","A\u0026M 2579, John Morton Ledgers","A\u0026M 0031- Ohio County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers: Item 597 of A\u0026M 0031 has an index of item 151, First Survey Book made in Yohogania County.","County court and public records consisting primarily of case papers and record books related to court proceedings, as well as some personal property and land tax records and private account books.","This collection is divided into three series, Microfilm, Original Paper Materials, and Record Books.","Series 1 is microfilm copies of most of the material in the collection, predominantly copies of the paper materials in boxes 1-148. Reels 129-156 are filmed copies of record books, about half of which are books of court proceedings, such as Dockets, Plea Books, Process Books, and Order Books; the other half are public records including tax records and private account books.","Series 2 consists of 156 boxes of papers, predominantly civil case papers, as well as some criminal case papers and public records. These cases have to do with debt and chancery proceedings, as well as some marriage, estate, survey, and election records. Survey and plat records span from 1790-1862. Furthermore, this series also has lunacy records from 1798-1876, including examinations, bonds, warrants, executions, depositions, and reports from 1798-1876, and records of accounts for running jail, care for prisoners, and inspections. There are also records of enslaved and freedpeople (see card index entry under \"Negro,\" including 1813 \"Lists of Free Negroes,\" (Env. 8); a case against Joseph Wheatley for entertaining Charles, a man enslaved by Absalom Wells, without Wells' permission (1814, env. 89); and a suit of Pero Smith, Sarah Smith, and Sidney, free persons, against Fergus Smith for a charge of false imprisonment (1812, env. 285). Pero, Sarah, and Sidney also appear on the first page of the \"Free Negro Register.\"","Series 3 contains the original court record books for Brooke County as well as some private account books that were in the court's possession, likely used as exhibitions in cases. All of the record books except for an account book of John Connell's inventories (item 145-A) have been microfilmed. The books include records of court proceedings, including dockets, executions, orders and pleas, as well as public records. Public records include land and property, deeds, overseers of the poor, and a register of Free Black people in the county.","Series 1 is microfilm copies of most of the material in the collection, predominantly copies of the paper materials in boxes 1-148. Reels 129-156 are filmed copies of record books, about half of which are books of court proceedings, such as Dockets, Plea Books, Process Books, and Order Books; the other half are public records including tax records and private account books.","Highlights of this series include a \"Free Negro register book,\" in which people registered themselves as free and recorded information about name, age, appearance, and emancipation (1813-1828, BRO 144) and the First Survey Book made in Yohogania County by William Crawford, (1780-1786, BRO 156).","Lists of County Bonds sold, cash paid out for use of soldier's families, front pages of book are private accounts, lists wool, salt, meat prices","On page 35 there is a list of estate sales","Includes information about poll, enslaved people, livestock, Free Males of Color, and carriages","Includes: Poll, enslaved people, Free Males of Color, watches, clocks, carriages, pianos, income tax, lists of names of public officials, attorneys, physicians, Bethany College personnel, Ferry Operators, and interest of money loans","Includes: Poll, enslaved people, Free Males of Color, watches, clocks, carriages, pianos, income tax, lists of names of public officials, attorneys, physicians, Bethany College personnel, Ferry Operators, and interest of money loans","William Crawford Survey, 1780-1786 and Land Entries 1780-1786. For an index to this volume, see A\u0026M 0031, item 597","Series 2 consists of 156 boxes of papers, predominantly civil case papers, as well as some criminal case papers and public records. These cases have to do with debt and chancery proceedings, as well as some marriage, estate, survey, and election records. Survey and plat records span from 1790-1862. Furthermore, this series also has lunacy records from 1798-1876, including examinations, bonds, warrants, executions, depositions, and reports from 1798-1876, and records of accounts for running jail, care for prisoners, and inspections. There are also records of enslaved and freedpeople (see card index entry under \"Negro,\" including 1813 \"Lists of Free Negroes,\" (Env. 8); a case against Joseph Wheatley for entertaining Charles, a man enslaved by Absalom Wells, without Wells' permission (1814, env. 89); and a suit of Pero Smith, Sarah Smith, and Sidney, free persons, against Fergus Smith for a charge of false imprisonment (1812, env. 285). Pero, Sarah, and Sidney also appear on the first page of the \"Free Negro Register.\"","Highlights include: A case regarding property belonging to \"enemies of the State\" during the Civil War (1862, env. 280-A); a 1736 bond to be paid in silver or gold (env. 2); a telegram regarding a 1908 election (env. 545); a 1786 land grant for Thomas Richardson (env. 357); a case in which William and Elizabeth Meyers convicted by grand jury for the felonious murder of Hannah, a woman enslaved by the Meyers (1810, env. 65); lists of votes for a Congressional election (1815, env. 96); a record concerning two ships, the \"William Brown\" and the \"Crescent,\" (1841, env. 211); and an order dividing the county in townships (1863, env. 282).","Series 3 contains the original court record books for Brooke County as well as some private account books that were in the court's possession, likely used as exhibitions in cases. All of the record books except for an account book of John Connell's inventories (item 145-A) have been microfilmed. The books include records of court proceedings, including dockets, executions, orders and pleas, as well as public records. Public records include land and property, deeds, overseers of the poor, and a register of Free Black people in the county.","Only 1st 43 pages are used","Includes information about poll, enslaved people, livestock, Free Males of Color, and carriages","Includes: Poll, enslaved people, Free Males of Color, watches, clocks, carriages, pianos, income tax, lists of names of public officials, attorneys, physicians, Bethany College personnel, Ferry Operators, and interest of money loans","Includes: Poll, enslaved people, Free Males of Color, watches, clocks, carriages, pianos, income tax, lists of names of public officials, attorneys, physicians, Bethany College personnel, Ferry Operators, and interest of money loans","William Crawford Survey, 1780-1786 and Land Entries 1780-1786. For an index to this volume, see A\u0026M 0031, item 597","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","County court and public records consisting primarily of case papers and record books related to court proceedings, as well as some personal property and land tax records and private account books.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brooke County Court","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Brooke County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1780/1918"],"collection_ssim":["Brooke County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, 1780/1918"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0043","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2375"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0043","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2375"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Brooke County (W. Va.)","Wellsburg, W.Va.","Brooke County (W.Va.) -- archives"],"geogname_ssim":["Brooke County (W. Va.)","Wellsburg, W.Va.","Brooke County (W.Va.) -- archives"],"places_ssim":["Brooke County (W. Va.)","Wellsburg, W.Va.","Brooke County (W.Va.) -- archives"],"creator_ssm":["Brooke County Court"],"creator_ssim":["Brooke County Court"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brooke County Court"],"creators_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brooke County Court"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of the Brooke County Seat, 1936."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","General stores","County courts","Court calendars","Public records","Real property","Taxation","Vital statistics","Birth, marriage, and death records.","Enslaved persons","Justice, Administration of","Freed persons"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","General stores","County courts","Court calendars","Public records","Real property","Taxation","Vital statistics","Birth, marriage, and death records.","Enslaved persons","Justice, Administration of","Freed persons"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["99.15 Linear Feet Summary: 99 ft. 1.8 in. (156 document cases, 5 in. each); (4 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 flat record box, 3 in.); (21 ledgers, 4 ft. 2 1/2 in.); (156 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each); (31 reels of microfilm, .75 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["99.15 Linear Feet Summary: 99 ft. 1.8 in. (156 document cases, 5 in. each); (4 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 flat record box, 3 in.); (21 ledgers, 4 ft. 2 1/2 in.); (156 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each); (31 reels of microfilm, .75 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918],"indexes_html_tesm":["\u003cindex id=\"aspace_de111d4b741eafa1bb7eb94c0dec9b4c\"\u003e\n    \u003chead\u003eIndex\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis collection has a full Alphabetical, Chronological, and Subject Index available onsite by request.\u003c/p\u003e  \u003c/index\u003e\n  "],"indexes_tesim":["Index\nThis collection has a full Alphabetical, Chronological, and Subject Index available onsite by request."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor materials in boxes 1-148, and all record books except item 145-A, researchers should use microfilm.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 1-2\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 4-5\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 6-7\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 8-9\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 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copy of the materials in Box 35\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 36\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 37\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 38\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 39\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 40\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 41\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 42\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 43\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 44\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 45\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 46\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 47\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 48\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 49\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 50\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 51\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 52\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 53\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 54-55\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 56\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 57\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 58\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 59\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 60\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 61\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 62\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 63\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 64\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 65\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 66\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 67\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 68\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 69\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 70\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 71\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 72\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 73\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 74\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 75\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 76\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 77\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 78\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 79\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 80\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 81\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 82\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 83\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 84\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 85\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 86\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 87\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 88\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 89\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 90\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 91\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 92\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 93\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 94\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 95\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 96\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 97\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 98\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 99\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 100\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 101\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 102\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 103\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 104\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 105\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 106\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 107\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 108\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 109\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 110\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 111\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 112\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 113\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 114\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 115\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 116\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 117\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 118\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 119\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 120\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 121\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 122\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 123\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 124\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 125\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 126\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 127\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 128\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 129\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 130\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 131\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 132\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 133\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 134\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 135\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 136\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 137\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 138-139\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 140\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 141-142\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 143-144\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 145-146\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 147\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of the materials in Box 148\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 5\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 7\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 8\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 9\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 10\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 14\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 13\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 18\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 19\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 20\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 21\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of items 22-24\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 25\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 27\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 28\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 29\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 30\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 32\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 33\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 34\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 35\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 39\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 40\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 41\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 42\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 46\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 47\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 48\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 49\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 50\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 53\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of items 54-55\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 56\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 57\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 58\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 59\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 60\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 62\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 63\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 132, no other original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 133\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 134\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 135\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 136\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 137\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 138\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 139\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 140\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 141\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 142\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 143\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm is only copy, no original material available\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 147\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMicrofilm copy of item 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Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["For materials in boxes 1-148, and all record books except item 145-A, researchers should use microfilm.","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 1-2","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 3","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 4-5","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 6-7","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 8-9","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 10-11","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 12-13","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 14","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 15-16","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 17-18","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 19-20","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 21-22","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 23-24","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 25-26","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 27-28","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 29-30","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 31-32","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 33","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 34","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 35","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 36","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 37","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 38","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 39","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 40","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 41","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 42","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 43","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 44","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 45","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 46","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 47","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 48","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 49","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 50","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 51","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 52","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 53","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 54-55","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 56","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 57","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 58","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 59","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 60","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 61","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 62","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 63","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 64","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 65","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 66","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 67","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 68","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 69","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 70","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 71","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 72","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 73","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 74","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 75","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 76","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 77","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 78","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 79","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 80","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 81","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 82","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 83","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 84","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 85","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 86","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 87","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 88","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 89","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 90","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 91","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 92","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 93","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 94","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 95","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 96","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 97","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 98","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 99","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 100","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 101","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 102","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 103","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 104","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 105","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 106","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 107","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 108","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 109","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 110","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 111","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 112","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 113","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 114","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 115","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 116","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 117","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 118","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 119","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 120","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 121","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 122","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 123","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 124","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 125","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 126","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 127","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 128","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 129","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 130","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 131","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 132","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 133","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 134","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 135","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 136","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 137","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 138-139","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 140","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 141-142","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 143-144","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 145-146","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 147","Microfilm copy of the materials in Box 148","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 5","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 7","Microfilm copy of item 8","Microfilm copy of item 9","Microfilm copy of item 10","Microfilm copy of item 14","Microfilm copy of item 13","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 18","Microfilm copy of item 19","Microfilm copy of item 20","Microfilm copy of item 21","Microfilm copy of items 22-24","Microfilm copy of item 25","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 27","Microfilm copy of item 28","Microfilm copy of item 29","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 30","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 32","Microfilm copy of item 33","Microfilm copy of item 34","Microfilm copy of item 35","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 39","Microfilm copy of item 40","Microfilm copy of item 41","Microfilm copy of item 42","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 46","Microfilm copy of item 47","Microfilm copy of item 48","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 49","Microfilm copy of item 50","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 53","Microfilm copy of items 54-55","Microfilm copy of item 56","Microfilm copy of item 57","Microfilm copy of item 58","Microfilm copy of item 59","Microfilm copy of item 60","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item","Microfilm copy of item 62","Microfilm copy of item 63","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 132, no other original material available","Microfilm copy of item 133","Microfilm copy of item 134","Microfilm copy of item 135","Microfilm copy of item 136","Microfilm copy of item 137","Microfilm copy of item 138","Microfilm copy of item 139","Microfilm copy of item 140","Microfilm copy of item 141","Microfilm copy of item 142","Microfilm copy of item 143","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 147","Microfilm copy of item 148","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm is only copy, no original material available","Microfilm copy of item 151","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm copy of the card index","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 1","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 1","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 2","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 3","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 3","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 4","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 4","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 5","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 5","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 6","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 6","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 7","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 7","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 8","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 9","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 9","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 10","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 10","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 11","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 11","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 12","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 12","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 13","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 13","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 14","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 14","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 15","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 15","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 16","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 16","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 17","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 17","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 18","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 19","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 20","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 21","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 22","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 23","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 24","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 25","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 26","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 27","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 28","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 29","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 30","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 31","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 32","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 33","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 34","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 35","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 36","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 37","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 38","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 39","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 39","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 40","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 41","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 42","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 43","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 44","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 45","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 46","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 47","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 48","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 49","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 50","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 51","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 52","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 53","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 54","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 55","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 56","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 57","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 58","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 59","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 60","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 61","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 62","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 63","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 64","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 65","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 66","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 67","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 68","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 69","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 70","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 71","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 72","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 73","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 74","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 75","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 76","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 77","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 78","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 79","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 80","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 81","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 82","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 83","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 84","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 85","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 86","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 87","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 88","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 89","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 90","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 91","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 92","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 93","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 94","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 95","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 96","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 97","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 98","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 99","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 100","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 101","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 102","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 103","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 104","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 105","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 106","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 107","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 108","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 109","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 110","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 111","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 112","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 113","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 114","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 115","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 116","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 117","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 118","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 119","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 120","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 121","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 122","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 122","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 123","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 124","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 124","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 125","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 125","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 126","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 126","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 127","Microfilm Copy Available on BRO 128","No Microfilm Copy Available","No Microfilm Copy Available","No Microfilm Copy Available","No Microfilm Copy Available","No Microfilm Copy Available","No Microfilm Copy Available","No Microfilm Copy Available","No Microfilm Copy Available","Microfilm copy available on BRO 133","Microfilm copy available on BRO 133","Microfilm copy available on BRO 134","Microfilm copy available on BRO 135","Microfilm copy available on BRO 135","Microfilm copy available on BRO 136","Microfilm copy available on BRO 137","Microfilm copy available on BRO 139","Microfilm copy available on BRO 139","Microfilm copy available on BRO 139","Microfilm copy available on BRO 144","Microfilm copy available on BRO 144","Microfilm copy available on BRO 144","Microfilm copy available on BRO 145","Microfilm copy available on BRO 152","Microfilm copy available on BRO 153","Microfilm copy available on BRO 153","Microfilm copy available on BRO 154","Microfilm copy available on BRO 154","Microfilm copy available on BRO 156","Microfilm copy available on BRO 155","Microfilm copy available on BRO 152","Microfilm copy available on BRO 151","Microfilm copy available on BRO 151","Microfilm copy available on BRO 151","Microfilm copy available on BRO 151","Microfilm copy available on BRO 150","No Microfilm Copy Available","Microfilm copy available on BRO 142","Microfilm copy available on BRO 134","Microfilm copy available on BRO 130","Microfilm copy available on BRO 137","Microfilm copy available on BRO 144","Microfilm copy available on BRO 131","Microfilm copy available on BRO 131","Microfilm copy available on BRO 145","Microfilm copy available on BRO 133","Microfilm copy available on BRO 131","Microfilm copy available on BRO 134","Microfilm copy available on BRO 131","Microfilm copy available on BRO 141","Microfilm copy available on BRO 132","Microfilm copy available on BRO 141","Microfilm copy available on BRO 142","Microfilm copy available on BRO 133","Microfilm copy available on BRO 130","Microfilm copy available on BRO 144","Microfilm copy available on BRO 137","Microfilm copy available on BRO 141","Microfilm copy available on BRO 135","Microfilm copy available on BRO 135","Microfilm copy available on BRO 143","Microfilm copy available on BRO 143","Microfilm copy available on BRO 143","Microfilm copy available on BRO 144","Microfilm copy available on BRO 151","Microfilm copy available on BRO 156","Microfilm copy available on BRO 140","Microfilm copy available on BRO 136"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in three series by material type. The paper materials in series 2 are in envelopes and are arranged numerically by envelope number. The envelopes are generally arranged chronologically, and the envelope number, year, and court level are written on the outside of the envelope.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in three series by material type. The paper materials in series 2 are in envelopes and are arranged numerically by envelope number. The envelopes are generally arranged chronologically, and the envelope number, year, and court level are written on the outside of the envelope."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll original material is stored offsite; please make an appointment prior to visiting.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["All original material is stored offsite; please make an appointment prior to visiting."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Brooke County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0043, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Brooke County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers, A\u0026M 0043, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBrookes County Volumes in general collection:  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eBrooke County (WV) index : complete transcription of county court order books : cumulative index in a separate volume : also includes present-day Hancock County, WV\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e, Order Book volumes 1-83, by Gwendolyn Hubbard, Elliott, and Craft, 929.375413 H861bci \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarriage, Birth, and Death records compiled by Gwendolyn Hubbard and Bobbie Elliott, 929.375413 H861bm \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eBrooke County (VA/WV) personal property tax records, 1797-1851\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e, by Gwendolyn Hubbard and Bobbie Elliott, 929.375413 H861bpt \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0981- Brooke County Records \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 416, John C. Palmer Papers \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 2579, John Morton Ledgers \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 0031- Ohio County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers: Item 597 of A\u0026amp;M 0031 has an index of item 151, First Survey Book made in Yohogania County. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["See Also"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Brookes County Volumes in general collection:","Brooke County (WV) index : complete transcription of county court order books : cumulative index in a separate volume : also includes present-day Hancock County, WV, Order Book volumes 1-83, by Gwendolyn Hubbard, Elliott, and Craft, 929.375413 H861bci","Marriage, Birth, and Death records compiled by Gwendolyn Hubbard and Bobbie Elliott, 929.375413 H861bm","Brooke County (VA/WV) personal property tax records, 1797-1851, by Gwendolyn Hubbard and Bobbie Elliott, 929.375413 H861bpt","A\u0026M 0981- Brooke County Records","A\u0026M 416, John C. Palmer Papers","A\u0026M 2579, John Morton Ledgers","A\u0026M 0031- Ohio County (W. Va.) Court Records and Miscellaneous Papers: Item 597 of A\u0026M 0031 has an index of item 151, First Survey Book made in Yohogania County."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCounty court and public records consisting primarily of case papers and record books related to court proceedings, as well as some personal property and land tax records and private account books. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is divided into three series, Microfilm, Original Paper Materials, and Record Books. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 is microfilm copies of most of the material in the collection, predominantly copies of the paper materials in boxes 1-148. Reels 129-156 are filmed copies of record books, about half of which are books of court proceedings, such as Dockets, Plea Books, Process Books, and Order Books; the other half are public records including tax records and private account books. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 consists of 156 boxes of papers, predominantly civil case papers, as well as some criminal case papers and public records. These cases have to do with debt and chancery proceedings, as well as some marriage, estate, survey, and election records. Survey and plat records span from 1790-1862. Furthermore, this series also has lunacy records from 1798-1876, including examinations, bonds, warrants, executions, depositions, and reports from 1798-1876, and records of accounts for running jail, care for prisoners, and inspections. There are also records of enslaved and freedpeople (see card index entry under \"Negro,\" including 1813 \"Lists of Free Negroes,\" (Env. 8); a case against Joseph Wheatley for entertaining Charles, a man enslaved by Absalom Wells, without Wells' permission (1814, env. 89); and a suit of Pero Smith, Sarah Smith, and Sidney, free persons, against Fergus Smith for a charge of false imprisonment (1812, env. 285). Pero, Sarah, and Sidney also appear on the first page of the \"Free Negro Register.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3 contains the original court record books for Brooke County as well as some private account books that were in the court's possession, likely used as exhibitions in cases. All of the record books except for an account book of John Connell's inventories (item 145-A) have been microfilmed. The books include records of court proceedings, including dockets, executions, orders and pleas, as well as public records. Public records include land and property, deeds, overseers of the poor, and a register of Free Black people in the county.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 is microfilm copies of most of the material in the collection, predominantly copies of the paper materials in boxes 1-148. Reels 129-156 are filmed copies of record books, about half of which are books of court proceedings, such as Dockets, Plea Books, Process Books, and Order Books; the other half are public records including tax records and private account books. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHighlights of this series include a \"Free Negro register book,\" in which people registered themselves as free and recorded information about name, age, appearance, and emancipation (1813-1828, BRO 144) and the First Survey Book made in Yohogania County by William Crawford, (1780-1786, BRO 156). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLists of County Bonds sold, cash paid out for use of soldier's families, front pages of book are private accounts, lists wool, salt, meat prices\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn page 35 there is a list of estate sales\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes information about poll, enslaved people, livestock, Free Males of Color, and carriages\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Poll, enslaved people, Free Males of Color, watches, clocks, carriages, pianos, income tax, lists of names of public officials, attorneys, physicians, Bethany College personnel, Ferry Operators, and interest of money loans\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Poll, enslaved people, Free Males of Color, watches, clocks, carriages, pianos, income tax, lists of names of public officials, attorneys, physicians, Bethany College personnel, Ferry Operators, and interest of money loans\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Crawford Survey, 1780-1786 and Land Entries 1780-1786. For an index to this volume, see A\u0026amp;M 0031, item 597\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 consists of 156 boxes of papers, predominantly civil case papers, as well as some criminal case papers and public records. These cases have to do with debt and chancery proceedings, as well as some marriage, estate, survey, and election records. Survey and plat records span from 1790-1862. Furthermore, this series also has lunacy records from 1798-1876, including examinations, bonds, warrants, executions, depositions, and reports from 1798-1876, and records of accounts for running jail, care for prisoners, and inspections. There are also records of enslaved and freedpeople (see card index entry under \"Negro,\" including 1813 \"Lists of Free Negroes,\" (Env. 8); a case against Joseph Wheatley for entertaining Charles, a man enslaved by Absalom Wells, without Wells' permission (1814, env. 89); and a suit of Pero Smith, Sarah Smith, and Sidney, free persons, against Fergus Smith for a charge of false imprisonment (1812, env. 285). Pero, Sarah, and Sidney also appear on the first page of the \"Free Negro Register.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHighlights include: A case regarding property belonging to \"enemies of the State\" during the Civil War (1862, env. 280-A); a 1736 bond to be paid in silver or gold (env. 2); a telegram regarding a 1908 election (env. 545); a 1786 land grant for Thomas Richardson (env. 357); a case in which William and Elizabeth Meyers convicted by grand jury for the felonious murder of Hannah, a woman enslaved by the Meyers (1810, env. 65); lists of votes for a Congressional election (1815, env. 96); a record concerning two ships, the \"William Brown\" and the \"Crescent,\" (1841, env. 211); and an order dividing the county in townships (1863, env. 282).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3 contains the original court record books for Brooke County as well as some private account books that were in the court's possession, likely used as exhibitions in cases. All of the record books except for an account book of John Connell's inventories (item 145-A) have been microfilmed. The books include records of court proceedings, including dockets, executions, orders and pleas, as well as public records. Public records include land and property, deeds, overseers of the poor, and a register of Free Black people in the county.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOnly 1st 43 pages are used\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes information about poll, enslaved people, livestock, Free Males of Color, and carriages\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Poll, enslaved people, Free Males of Color, watches, clocks, carriages, pianos, income tax, lists of names of public officials, attorneys, physicians, Bethany College personnel, Ferry Operators, and interest of money loans\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Poll, enslaved people, Free Males of Color, watches, clocks, carriages, pianos, income tax, lists of names of public officials, attorneys, physicians, Bethany College personnel, Ferry Operators, and interest of money loans\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Crawford Survey, 1780-1786 and Land Entries 1780-1786. For an index to this volume, see A\u0026amp;M 0031, item 597\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["County court and public records consisting primarily of case papers and record books related to court proceedings, as well as some personal property and land tax records and private account books.","This collection is divided into three series, Microfilm, Original Paper Materials, and Record Books.","Series 1 is microfilm copies of most of the material in the collection, predominantly copies of the paper materials in boxes 1-148. Reels 129-156 are filmed copies of record books, about half of which are books of court proceedings, such as Dockets, Plea Books, Process Books, and Order Books; the other half are public records including tax records and private account books.","Series 2 consists of 156 boxes of papers, predominantly civil case papers, as well as some criminal case papers and public records. These cases have to do with debt and chancery proceedings, as well as some marriage, estate, survey, and election records. Survey and plat records span from 1790-1862. Furthermore, this series also has lunacy records from 1798-1876, including examinations, bonds, warrants, executions, depositions, and reports from 1798-1876, and records of accounts for running jail, care for prisoners, and inspections. There are also records of enslaved and freedpeople (see card index entry under \"Negro,\" including 1813 \"Lists of Free Negroes,\" (Env. 8); a case against Joseph Wheatley for entertaining Charles, a man enslaved by Absalom Wells, without Wells' permission (1814, env. 89); and a suit of Pero Smith, Sarah Smith, and Sidney, free persons, against Fergus Smith for a charge of false imprisonment (1812, env. 285). Pero, Sarah, and Sidney also appear on the first page of the \"Free Negro Register.\"","Series 3 contains the original court record books for Brooke County as well as some private account books that were in the court's possession, likely used as exhibitions in cases. All of the record books except for an account book of John Connell's inventories (item 145-A) have been microfilmed. The books include records of court proceedings, including dockets, executions, orders and pleas, as well as public records. Public records include land and property, deeds, overseers of the poor, and a register of Free Black people in the county.","Series 1 is microfilm copies of most of the material in the collection, predominantly copies of the paper materials in boxes 1-148. Reels 129-156 are filmed copies of record books, about half of which are books of court proceedings, such as Dockets, Plea Books, Process Books, and Order Books; the other half are public records including tax records and private account books.","Highlights of this series include a \"Free Negro register book,\" in which people registered themselves as free and recorded information about name, age, appearance, and emancipation (1813-1828, BRO 144) and the First Survey Book made in Yohogania County by William Crawford, (1780-1786, BRO 156).","Lists of County Bonds sold, cash paid out for use of soldier's families, front pages of book are private accounts, lists wool, salt, meat prices","On page 35 there is a list of estate sales","Includes information about poll, enslaved people, livestock, Free Males of Color, and carriages","Includes: Poll, enslaved people, Free Males of Color, watches, clocks, carriages, pianos, income tax, lists of names of public officials, attorneys, physicians, Bethany College personnel, Ferry Operators, and interest of money loans","Includes: Poll, enslaved people, Free Males of Color, watches, clocks, carriages, pianos, income tax, lists of names of public officials, attorneys, physicians, Bethany College personnel, Ferry Operators, and interest of money loans","William Crawford Survey, 1780-1786 and Land Entries 1780-1786. For an index to this volume, see A\u0026M 0031, item 597","Series 2 consists of 156 boxes of papers, predominantly civil case papers, as well as some criminal case papers and public records. These cases have to do with debt and chancery proceedings, as well as some marriage, estate, survey, and election records. Survey and plat records span from 1790-1862. Furthermore, this series also has lunacy records from 1798-1876, including examinations, bonds, warrants, executions, depositions, and reports from 1798-1876, and records of accounts for running jail, care for prisoners, and inspections. There are also records of enslaved and freedpeople (see card index entry under \"Negro,\" including 1813 \"Lists of Free Negroes,\" (Env. 8); a case against Joseph Wheatley for entertaining Charles, a man enslaved by Absalom Wells, without Wells' permission (1814, env. 89); and a suit of Pero Smith, Sarah Smith, and Sidney, free persons, against Fergus Smith for a charge of false imprisonment (1812, env. 285). Pero, Sarah, and Sidney also appear on the first page of the \"Free Negro Register.\"","Highlights include: A case regarding property belonging to \"enemies of the State\" during the Civil War (1862, env. 280-A); a 1736 bond to be paid in silver or gold (env. 2); a telegram regarding a 1908 election (env. 545); a 1786 land grant for Thomas Richardson (env. 357); a case in which William and Elizabeth Meyers convicted by grand jury for the felonious murder of Hannah, a woman enslaved by the Meyers (1810, env. 65); lists of votes for a Congressional election (1815, env. 96); a record concerning two ships, the \"William Brown\" and the \"Crescent,\" (1841, env. 211); and an order dividing the county in townships (1863, env. 282).","Series 3 contains the original court record books for Brooke County as well as some private account books that were in the court's possession, likely used as exhibitions in cases. All of the record books except for an account book of John Connell's inventories (item 145-A) have been microfilmed. The books include records of court proceedings, including dockets, executions, orders and pleas, as well as public records. Public records include land and property, deeds, overseers of the poor, and a register of Free Black people in the county.","Only 1st 43 pages are used","Includes information about poll, enslaved people, livestock, Free Males of Color, and carriages","Includes: Poll, enslaved people, Free Males of Color, watches, clocks, carriages, pianos, income tax, lists of names of public officials, attorneys, physicians, Bethany College personnel, Ferry Operators, and interest of money loans","Includes: Poll, enslaved people, Free Males of Color, watches, clocks, carriages, pianos, income tax, lists of names of public officials, attorneys, physicians, Bethany College personnel, Ferry Operators, and interest of money loans","William Crawford Survey, 1780-1786 and Land Entries 1780-1786. For an index to this volume, see A\u0026M 0031, item 597"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3d941728fa6c1309349aa9c01b5fd54d\"\u003eCounty court and public records consisting primarily of case papers and record books related to court proceedings, as well as some personal property and land tax records and private account books.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["County court and public records consisting primarily of case papers and record books related to court proceedings, as well as some personal property and land tax records and private account books."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_15e4133b8c45714761aaf4a678735a47\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brooke County Court"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brooke County Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":493,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:54:54.254Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2375_c03_c25_c07"}},{"id":"viu_viu00103_c01_c1333","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Will Grange to John Hartwell Cocke\n                  (receipt of brigade orders)., 1814","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00103_c01_c1333#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu00103_c01_c1333","ref_ssm":["viu_viu00103_c01_c1333"],"id":"viu_viu00103_c01_c1333","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00103","_root_":"viu_viu00103","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00103_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_viu00103_c01","parent_ssim":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939","Correspondence"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu00103","viu_viu00103_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Will Grange to John Hartwell Cocke\n                  (receipt of brigade orders).","title_ssm":["Will Grange to John Hartwell Cocke\n                  (receipt of brigade orders)."],"title_tesim":["Will Grange to John Hartwell Cocke\n                  (receipt of brigade orders)."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Will Grange to John Hartwell Cocke\n                  (receipt of brigade orders)., 1814"],"text":["Will Grange to John Hartwell Cocke\n                  (receipt of brigade orders)., 1814","Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939","Correspondence","box Box 16"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939","Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939","Correspondence"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1814"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1814 August 23"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":1334,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"containers_ssim":["box Box 16"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"date_range_isim":[1814],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1332","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:31:58.732Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu00103","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00103","_root_":"viu_viu00103","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00103","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu00103.xml","title_ssm":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"title_tesim":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"text":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939","640, etc.","This collection\n         consists of ca. 25,000 items.","There are no restrictions.","The various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.\n\n        The collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.\n\n        Excluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a.","The various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.","The collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.","Excluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a.","John Hartwell Cocke was born in 1780 in the Tidewater county of Surry, the son of John Hartwell and Elizabeth\n         (Kennon) Cocke. By the age of twenty-one, Cocke was the master of over 5,500 acres of land in Surry and Fluvanna counties. A\n         few years after Cocke married Anne Blaws Barraud (\"Nancy\") of Norfolk, Virginia in 1802, he sold his Surry County holdings\n         and moved to a frame dwelling at Bremo Recess, Fluvanna County, and began work on a finer home, \"Bremo.\" He owned\n         three large plantations along the James River, Bremo Recess, Upper Bremo, and Lower Bremo, each containing over a thousand\n         acres of land. During the War of 1812, Cocke served in the Virginia militia, rising from captain to brigadier general in\n         eighteen months. His first wife, Anne Blaws Barraud Cocke (1785-1816) did not live to see the completion of \"Bremo\" in\n         1820, but Cocke and his second wife, Louisa Maxwell Holmes (m. 1821), lived there until their deaths.","Other milestones in the life of John Hartwell Cocke include his elections as Vice-President of the Virginia Temperance\n         Society in 1830 and as President in 1834; his election as President of the United States Temperance Union in 1836; his\n         membership on the University of Virginia Board of Visitors from its inception as Central College in 1819 until 1852;\n         membership on the Virginia Board of Public Works, 1823-1829; his primary role in the founding of the Agricultural Society\n         of Albemarle in 1817; and service on the James River and Kanawha Canal Company Board of Directors. John Hartwell Cocke\n         was greatly troubled by the issue of slavery, and he concentrated his time and money in promoting the American\n         Colonization Society, and preparing his slaves for gradual emancipation through vocational training and teaching them to\n         read and write.","The papers of the Cocke family of Fluvanna County, Virginia, and related Barraud family, Faulcon family, and\n         other families, consist of ca. 25,000 items, (194 Hollinger boxes, ca. 64.5 linear shelf feet), 1725- 1939, and contains\n         correspondence, legal and financial papers, diaries of John Hartwell Cocke, Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke, and Lucy Cocke,\n         minutes of the Board of Visitors of the University ofVirginia, diagrams and sketches concerning the University,\n         bound volumes, sketches and drawings, college and school notes, poetry, orations and speeches, essays, genealogy, and\n         lists pertaining to agriculture, music and other subjects.","Major topics covered by the collection include: the development of agriculture in Virginia, merino sheep, horse\n         breeding and purchases, slavery, the American Colonization Society, temperance movement, other religious and reform\n         groups, book dealers, religion, the War of 1812, the Civil War, public education (including the Bremo Seminary), the\n         founding and development of the University of Virginia and public improvements. The bulk of the papers were generated by\n         General John Hartwell Cocke (1780-1866) and his immediate descendants.","Contains \"List of Negroes Born\" 1791-1806, which includes an entry for the birth of Robert Kennon.","\"For Keeping Beck \u0026 children\" [Robert Kennon]","Mentions British landing, War of 1812.","Concerning Robert Kennon's inheritance.","Surveys the family structures, occupations, places of residence, and religious beliefs of Cocke's over 200 slaves. Only the 108 \"working slaves\" were questioned regarding whether they professed Christianity. Cocke began manumitting deserving Christian slaves in 1832, an additional incentive for belief among his bondsmen and a possible motivation for the survey.","Entry for 1853 January 26 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings","Entry for 1859 April 27 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings.","Removed and cataloged as UF860.M5 1831","See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"collection_ssim":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["640, etc."],"unitid_tesim":["640, etc."],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection of Cocke family papers grouped under the number #640, etc. is comprised of several different\n            collections of papers that were formerly on loan to the University of Virginia Library, including: #640, #1335,\n            #1431, #1480, #2890, #3604, # 5213, #5680, #6418, and #2433 (except -a, -f, -g, -h, -k, -m, and -p). On April 5 and\n            November 10, 1979, accessions #640, #1335, #1480, #2433, #2890, #5680, and #6418 were purchased by the University of\n            Virginia Library from John Page Elliott of Charlottesville, Virginia, and Joseph F. Johnston, Trustee of The Bremo\n            Trust, of Birmingham, Alabama. Accession #1431 was purchased by the University of Virginia Library from Mrs.\n            Raymond Orf, \"Bremo Recess,\" Bremo Bluff, Fluvanna County, Virginia, on July 25, 1972. Accession #3604 was given to\n            the Library on November 14, 1950, by Mr. William Cabell Moore, Washington, D.C. and #5213 was given to the Library\n            on April 4, 1956, by Richard C. Marshall, Washington, D.C."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["This collection\n         consists of ca. 25,000 items."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003carrangement\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eExcluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a.\u003c/p\u003e\n      \u003c/arrangement\u003e\n    ","\u003cp\u003eThe various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eExcluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.\n\n        The collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.\n\n        Excluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a.","The various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.","The collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.","Excluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Hartwell Cocke was born in 1780 in the Tidewater county of Surry, the son of John Hartwell and Elizabeth\n         (Kennon) Cocke. By the age of twenty-one, Cocke was the master of over 5,500 acres of land in Surry and Fluvanna counties. A\n         few years after Cocke married Anne Blaws Barraud (\"Nancy\") of Norfolk, Virginia in 1802, he sold his Surry County holdings\n         and moved to a frame dwelling at Bremo Recess, Fluvanna County, and began work on a finer home, \"Bremo.\" He owned\n         three large plantations along the James River, Bremo Recess, Upper Bremo, and Lower Bremo, each containing over a thousand\n         acres of land. During the War of 1812, Cocke served in the Virginia militia, rising from captain to brigadier general in\n         eighteen months. His first wife, Anne Blaws Barraud Cocke (1785-1816) did not live to see the completion of \"Bremo\" in\n         1820, but Cocke and his second wife, Louisa Maxwell Holmes (m. 1821), lived there until their deaths.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOther milestones in the life of John Hartwell Cocke include his elections as Vice-President of the Virginia Temperance\n         Society in 1830 and as President in 1834; his election as President of the United States Temperance Union in 1836; his\n         membership on the University of Virginia Board of Visitors from its inception as Central College in 1819 until 1852;\n         membership on the Virginia Board of Public Works, 1823-1829; his primary role in the founding of the Agricultural Society\n         of Albemarle in 1817; and service on the James River and Kanawha Canal Company Board of Directors. John Hartwell Cocke\n         was greatly troubled by the issue of slavery, and he concentrated his time and money in promoting the American\n         Colonization Society, and preparing his slaves for gradual emancipation through vocational training and teaching them to\n         read and write.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Hartwell Cocke was born in 1780 in the Tidewater county of Surry, the son of John Hartwell and Elizabeth\n         (Kennon) Cocke. By the age of twenty-one, Cocke was the master of over 5,500 acres of land in Surry and Fluvanna counties. A\n         few years after Cocke married Anne Blaws Barraud (\"Nancy\") of Norfolk, Virginia in 1802, he sold his Surry County holdings\n         and moved to a frame dwelling at Bremo Recess, Fluvanna County, and began work on a finer home, \"Bremo.\" He owned\n         three large plantations along the James River, Bremo Recess, Upper Bremo, and Lower Bremo, each containing over a thousand\n         acres of land. During the War of 1812, Cocke served in the Virginia militia, rising from captain to brigadier general in\n         eighteen months. His first wife, Anne Blaws Barraud Cocke (1785-1816) did not live to see the completion of \"Bremo\" in\n         1820, but Cocke and his second wife, Louisa Maxwell Holmes (m. 1821), lived there until their deaths.","Other milestones in the life of John Hartwell Cocke include his elections as Vice-President of the Virginia Temperance\n         Society in 1830 and as President in 1834; his election as President of the United States Temperance Union in 1836; his\n         membership on the University of Virginia Board of Visitors from its inception as Central College in 1819 until 1852;\n         membership on the Virginia Board of Public Works, 1823-1829; his primary role in the founding of the Agricultural Society\n         of Albemarle in 1817; and service on the James River and Kanawha Canal Company Board of Directors. John Hartwell Cocke\n         was greatly troubled by the issue of slavery, and he concentrated his time and money in promoting the American\n         Colonization Society, and preparing his slaves for gradual emancipation through vocational training and teaching them to\n         read and write."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCocke Family Papers, Accession #640, etc., Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Cocke Family Papers, Accession #640, etc., Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of the Cocke family of Fluvanna County, Virginia, and related Barraud family, Faulcon family, and\n         other families, consist of ca. 25,000 items, (194 Hollinger boxes, ca. 64.5 linear shelf feet), 1725- 1939, and contains\n         correspondence, legal and financial papers, diaries of John Hartwell Cocke, Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke, and Lucy Cocke,\n         minutes of the Board of Visitors of the University ofVirginia, diagrams and sketches concerning the University,\n         bound volumes, sketches and drawings, college and school notes, poetry, orations and speeches, essays, genealogy, and\n         lists pertaining to agriculture, music and other subjects.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eMajor topics covered by the collection include: the development of agriculture in Virginia, merino sheep, horse\n         breeding and purchases, slavery, the American Colonization Society, temperance movement, other religious and reform\n         groups, book dealers, religion, the War of 1812, the Civil War, public education (including the Bremo Seminary), the\n         founding and development of the University of Virginia and public improvements. The bulk of the papers were generated by\n         General John Hartwell Cocke (1780-1866) and his immediate descendants.\u003c/p\u003e\n    ","\u003cp\u003eContains \"List of Negroes Born\" 1791-1806, which includes an entry for the birth of Robert Kennon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"For Keeping Beck \u0026amp; children\" [Robert Kennon]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions British landing, War of 1812.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConcerning Robert Kennon's inheritance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSurveys the family structures, occupations, places of residence, and religious beliefs of Cocke's over 200 slaves. Only the 108 \"working slaves\" were questioned regarding whether they professed Christianity. Cocke began manumitting deserving Christian slaves in 1832, an additional incentive for belief among his bondsmen and a possible motivation for the survey.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e\n            ","\u003cp\u003eEntry for 1853 January 26 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003eEntry for 1859 April 27 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003eRemoved and cataloged as UF860.M5 1831\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of the Cocke family of Fluvanna County, Virginia, and related Barraud family, Faulcon family, and\n         other families, consist of ca. 25,000 items, (194 Hollinger boxes, ca. 64.5 linear shelf feet), 1725- 1939, and contains\n         correspondence, legal and financial papers, diaries of John Hartwell Cocke, Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke, and Lucy Cocke,\n         minutes of the Board of Visitors of the University ofVirginia, diagrams and sketches concerning the University,\n         bound volumes, sketches and drawings, college and school notes, poetry, orations and speeches, essays, genealogy, and\n         lists pertaining to agriculture, music and other subjects.","Major topics covered by the collection include: the development of agriculture in Virginia, merino sheep, horse\n         breeding and purchases, slavery, the American Colonization Society, temperance movement, other religious and reform\n         groups, book dealers, religion, the War of 1812, the Civil War, public education (including the Bremo Seminary), the\n         founding and development of the University of Virginia and public improvements. The bulk of the papers were generated by\n         General John Hartwell Cocke (1780-1866) and his immediate descendants.","Contains \"List of Negroes Born\" 1791-1806, which includes an entry for the birth of Robert Kennon.","\"For Keeping Beck \u0026 children\" [Robert Kennon]","Mentions British landing, War of 1812.","Concerning Robert Kennon's inheritance.","Surveys the family structures, occupations, places of residence, and religious beliefs of Cocke's over 200 slaves. Only the 108 \"working slaves\" were questioned regarding whether they professed Christianity. Cocke began manumitting deserving Christian slaves in 1832, an additional incentive for belief among his bondsmen and a possible motivation for the survey.","Entry for 1853 January 26 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings","Entry for 1859 April 27 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings.","Removed and cataloged as UF860.M5 1831"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n            \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":18422,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:31:58.732Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00103_c01_c1333"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1219_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"William (1729-1783) and Susanna Smith (1740-1823) Preston Papers, 1783/1817","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1219_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1219_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1219_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1219_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1219","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1219","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1219","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1219","parent_ssim":["Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, 1749/1882"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1219"],"title_filing_ssi":"William (1729-1783) and Susanna Smith (1740-1823) Preston Papers","title_ssm":["William (1729-1783) and Susanna Smith (1740-1823) Preston Papers"],"title_tesim":["William (1729-1783) and Susanna Smith (1740-1823) Preston Papers"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William (1729-1783) and Susanna Smith (1740-1823) Preston Papers, 1783/1817"],"text":["William (1729-1783) and Susanna Smith (1740-1823) Preston Papers, 1783/1817","Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, 1749/1882"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, 1749/1882"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, 1749/1882"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1783/1817"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1783, 1817, n.d."],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, 1749/1882"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":6,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The circumstances relating to the loan of this collection restrict SCUA staff from creating reproductions for publication and exhibition. Requests for reproduction for personal and research use may be permitted. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"date_range_isim":[1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:44:34.154Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1219","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1219","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1219","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1219","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1219.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers","title_ssm":["Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers"],"title_tesim":["Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1749-1882, n.d."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1749-1882, n.d."],"normalized_date_ssm":["1749/1882"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, 1749/1882"],"text":["Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, 1749/1882","Ms.1962.004","Blacksburg (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The majority of the collection is arranged in series by family member/branch of the family: William and Susanna Smith Preston, William Ballard Preston, John and Elizabeth Preston, John Preston, and James Patton. Two additional series include materials from individuals in later generations and branches of the Preston family and genealogical/historical research. Within each of these series, materials are in chronological order.","William Preston","Smithfield Plantation is the historic home of the Preston family, one of the founding families of Blacksburg and Montgomery County, Virginia. It was built by William Preston (1729-1783), who emigrated from northern Ireland with his family in 1737. He married Susanna Smith in 1761 and settled at Greenfield in Botetourt County in 1769. Preston established himself as a leader in the Virginia frontier by serving in the militia in the French and Indian and Revolutionary wars, in the House of Burgesses representing Augusta County from 1766 to 1768 and Botetourt County in 1769, and as County Lieutenant of Fincastle and Montgomery. He was appointed surveyor of Fincastle County in 1772 and moved his family to that area. He built Smithfield, named in honor of his wife, in 1773. Smithfield was the birthplace and home of three Virginia governors, including James Patton Preston (son of William), and John Buchanan Floyd and John Floyd, Jr. (grandsons of William).","Susanna Smith Preston","Susanna Smith was born in Hanover County, Virginia, in 1740 to Francis and Elizabeth (Waddy) Smith. In 1761, Susanna Smith married William Preston and in 1769, they settled at Greenfield (in Botetourt County). They moved to Fincastle in 1772, and then in 1773 to Smithfield, the home William built for her in Montgomery County. Susanna and William had at least twelve children: Elizabeth Preston Madison (1762-1837), John Preston (1764-1827), Francis Smith Preston (1765-1835), Sarah Preston McDowell (1767-1841), Anne Preston (1769-1782), William Preston (1770-1821), Susanna Preston Hart (1772-1833), James Patton Preston (1774-1843), Mary Preston Lewis (1776-1821), Letitia Preston Floyd (1779-1852), Thomas Lewis Preston (1781-1812), and Margaret Brown Preston Preston (1784-1843). William Preston died in 1783, and although the historical record is lacking about Susanna, it is known that she lived at Smithfield for another 40 years, raising the younger children and managing the household and the estate (sometimes with the help of her sons, who were known to handle legal matters). Susanna died in 1823 and is buried in the Preston Cemetery at Smithfield Plantation. Source: https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/7727619/susanna-preston. Additional information was compiled from Preston family papers in Special Collection and University Archives.","John Preston","John Preston, eldest son of William and Susanna (Smith) Preston, was born in 1764 at \"Greenfield\" in Botetourt County, Virginia. He periodically served in the Virginia militia throughout his lifetime. Preston was elected a member of the Virginia House of Delegates, representing Botetourt County in 1783, as well as Montgomery County in 1791 and again in 1803-1804. He served as a member of the Virginia Senate from 1792- 1799.","In 1792, Preston was named as a trustee in the act that established Christiansburg, Virginia in 1792, and served as a clerk of its first Board of Trustees. In 1798 he served as a trustee in the act that established Blacksburg, Virginia. In 1795, Preston became a Lieutenant Colonel, commanding the Third Regiment of Artillery. In 1799, he was elected Brigadier General, and given command of the brigade for Wythe, Montgomery, and Monroe Counties.","Later in 1810, Preston was appointed by the Virginia General Assembly to be the Treasurer of Virginia, serving until 1819. An audit of the treasurer's books found that Preston's accounts were in arrears, and a judgement was issued against Preston for 87 thousand dollars. To meet the obligation, Preston transferred a number of properties to trustees, who were to oversee their sale and the payment of funds into the treasury.","Preston married Mary Radford in 1798, and after her death in 1810, married Eliza Ann Carrington Mayo in 1811. He had seven children with his first wife and one with his second. When not on active military duty, Preston resided at \"Smithfield\" with his mother until his marriage, after which he lived at \"Horseshoe\". He died at Greenfield in 1827.","Founded in 1889, the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) has twenty branches which own and maintain historic properties. In November 1958 the APVA authorized the organization of the Montgomery County branch for the specific purpose of acquiring and restoring Smithfield Plantation, the historic home near Blacksburg in Montgomery County, Virginia, built by William Preston in 1773. In 1959 Mrs. Janie Preston Brockenbrough Lamb, a descendant of Preston, donated Smithfield and 4.5 acres of land to the APVA. Restoration of the building was begun in 1962 when the APVA's Montgomery County Branch raised the funds for renovation and contracted with architects and contractors. Since its foundation, and in more recent years, the organization has had some changes, including the dissolution of branches and the combination of the Montgomery County Branch with the Smithfield Preston Foundation. In 2009, the name was changed to Preservation Virgina.","The guide to the Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","Some processing, arrangement, and description of the Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers was completed in the 1960s. Additional arrangement and description was completed prior to and during 2014.","Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers, 1754-1996. Ms1962-001. Finding aid available online.\n\nJohn Preston Deed, 1826. Ms2005-014. Finding aid available online. \n\nJohn Preston Papers, 1806-1830, 1844, n.d. Ms1994-034. Finding aid available online. \n\nPreston Family (Charles Peale Didier Collection) Papers, 1747-1897. Ms85-020. Finding aid available online.  \n\nRobert Taylor Preston Papers, 1829-1871, n.d. Ms1992-003. Finding aid available online. \n\nWilliam Preston Land Grant, 1773. Ms1994-027. Finding aid available online. \n\nWillard Preston Genealogy, c.1998. Ms2009-121. Finding aid available online. \n\nGeorge Green Shackelford Papers, 1899-1990 (Bulk, 1955-1989). Ms1983-003. Finding aid available online. \n\nSmithfield Preston Foundation Papers, 1784-1881, n.d. Ms1997-002. Finding aid available online.","The collection include business transactions, land surveys, and general store accounts (1745-1789) relating to William and Susannah Smith Preston; correspondence, business transactions, and notes on farm affairs (1782-1828) relating to their son, John Preston; correspondence and land surveys (1840-1882) relating to John, William A., and Alfred G. Preston; correspondence (1848-1861) relating to William Ballard Preston; and a day book (1789-1820) of the Prestons of Washington County.","The circumstances relating to the loan of this collection restrict SCUA staff from creating reproductions for publication and exhibition. Requests for reproduction for personal and research use may be permitted. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","The collection consists of family papers, receipts, correspondence, and original and photocopied materials relating to the Preston family, primarily William and Susanna Smith Preston, John Preston, and William Ballard Preston, dating from the 1740s to the 1880s. Other materials include 19th and 20th century genealogy research on the Prestons.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Preston family (Montgomery County, Va.)","Preston, John, 1764-1827","Patton, James, 1692-1755 (Preston family, Montgomery County, Va.)","Preston, William Ballard, 1805-1862","Preston, William, 1729-1783","Preston, Susanna Smith, 1740-1823","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, 1749/1882"],"collection_ssim":["Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, 1749/1882"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1962.004"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1962.004"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Preston, John, 1764-1827","Patton, James, 1692-1755 (Preston family, Montgomery County, Va.)","Preston, William Ballard, 1805-1862","Preston, William, 1729-1783","Preston family (Montgomery County, Va.)","Preston, Susanna Smith, 1740-1823"],"creator_ssim":["Preston, John, 1764-1827","Patton, James, 1692-1755 (Preston family, Montgomery County, Va.)","Preston, William Ballard, 1805-1862","Preston, William, 1729-1783","Preston family (Montgomery County, Va.)","Preston, Susanna Smith, 1740-1823"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Preston, John, 1764-1827","Patton, James, 1692-1755 (Preston family, Montgomery County, Va.)","Preston, William Ballard, 1805-1862","Preston, William, 1729-1783","Preston, Susanna Smith, 1740-1823"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Preston family (Montgomery County, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Preston, John, 1764-1827","Patton, James, 1692-1755 (Preston family, Montgomery County, Va.)","Preston, William Ballard, 1805-1862","Preston, William, 1729-1783","Preston, Susanna Smith, 1740-1823","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Preston family (Montgomery County, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The circumstances relating to the loan of this collection restrict SCUA staff from creating reproductions for publication and exhibition. Requests for reproduction for personal and research use may be permitted. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers were deposited with the University Libraries in several accruals from the 1960s through 1980s. They were later transferred to Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.5 Cubic Feet 4 boxes; 1 oversize"],"extent_tesim":["1.5 Cubic Feet 4 boxes; 1 oversize"],"date_range_isim":[1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the collection is arranged in series by family member/branch of the family: William and Susanna Smith Preston, William Ballard Preston, John and Elizabeth Preston, John Preston, and James Patton. Two additional series include materials from individuals in later generations and branches of the Preston family and genealogical/historical research. Within each of these series, materials are in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The majority of the collection is arranged in series by family member/branch of the family: William and Susanna Smith Preston, William Ballard Preston, John and Elizabeth Preston, John Preston, and James Patton. Two additional series include materials from individuals in later generations and branches of the Preston family and genealogical/historical research. Within each of these series, materials are in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eWilliam Preston\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmithfield Plantation is the historic home of the Preston family, one of the founding families of Blacksburg and Montgomery County, Virginia. It was built by William Preston (1729-1783), who emigrated from northern Ireland with his family in 1737. He married Susanna Smith in 1761 and settled at Greenfield in Botetourt County in 1769. Preston established himself as a leader in the Virginia frontier by serving in the militia in the French and Indian and Revolutionary wars, in the House of Burgesses representing Augusta County from 1766 to 1768 and Botetourt County in 1769, and as County Lieutenant of Fincastle and Montgomery. He was appointed surveyor of Fincastle County in 1772 and moved his family to that area. He built Smithfield, named in honor of his wife, in 1773. Smithfield was the birthplace and home of three Virginia governors, including James Patton Preston (son of William), and John Buchanan Floyd and John Floyd, Jr. (grandsons of William).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSusanna Smith Preston\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSusanna Smith was born in Hanover County, Virginia, in 1740 to Francis and Elizabeth (Waddy) Smith. In 1761, Susanna Smith married William Preston and in 1769, they settled at Greenfield (in Botetourt County). They moved to Fincastle in 1772, and then in 1773 to Smithfield, the home William built for her in Montgomery County. Susanna and William had at least twelve children: Elizabeth Preston Madison (1762-1837), John Preston (1764-1827), Francis Smith Preston (1765-1835), Sarah Preston McDowell (1767-1841), Anne Preston (1769-1782), William Preston (1770-1821), Susanna Preston Hart (1772-1833), James Patton Preston (1774-1843), Mary Preston Lewis (1776-1821), Letitia Preston Floyd (1779-1852), Thomas Lewis Preston (1781-1812), and Margaret Brown Preston Preston (1784-1843). William Preston died in 1783, and although the historical record is lacking about Susanna, it is known that she lived at Smithfield for another 40 years, raising the younger children and managing the household and the estate (sometimes with the help of her sons, who were known to handle legal matters). Susanna died in 1823 and is buried in the Preston Cemetery at Smithfield Plantation. Source: \u003ca href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/7727619/susanna-preston\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/7727619/susanna-preston\u003c/a\u003e. Additional information was compiled from Preston family papers in Special Collection and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eJohn Preston \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Preston, eldest son of William and Susanna (Smith) Preston, was born in 1764 at \"Greenfield\" in Botetourt County, Virginia. He periodically served in the Virginia militia throughout his lifetime. Preston was elected a member of the Virginia House of Delegates, representing Botetourt County in 1783, as well as Montgomery County in 1791 and again in 1803-1804. He served as a member of the Virginia Senate from 1792- 1799.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1792, Preston was named as a trustee in the act that established Christiansburg, Virginia in 1792, and served as a clerk of its first Board of Trustees. In 1798 he served as a trustee in the act that established Blacksburg, Virginia. In 1795, Preston became a Lieutenant Colonel, commanding the Third Regiment of Artillery. In 1799, he was elected Brigadier General, and given command of the brigade for Wythe, Montgomery, and Monroe Counties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLater in 1810, Preston was appointed by the Virginia General Assembly to be the Treasurer of Virginia, serving until 1819. An audit of the treasurer's books found that Preston's accounts were in arrears, and a judgement was issued against Preston for 87 thousand dollars. To meet the obligation, Preston transferred a number of properties to trustees, who were to oversee their sale and the payment of funds into the treasury.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreston married Mary Radford in 1798, and after her death in 1810, married Eliza Ann Carrington Mayo in 1811. He had seven children with his first wife and one with his second. When not on active military duty, Preston resided at \"Smithfield\" with his mother until his marriage, after which he lived at \"Horseshoe\". He died at Greenfield in 1827.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1889, the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) has twenty branches which own and maintain historic properties. In November 1958 the APVA authorized the organization of the Montgomery County branch for the specific purpose of acquiring and restoring Smithfield Plantation, the historic home near Blacksburg in Montgomery County, Virginia, built by William Preston in 1773. In 1959 Mrs. Janie Preston Brockenbrough Lamb, a descendant of Preston, donated Smithfield and 4.5 acres of land to the APVA. Restoration of the building was begun in 1962 when the APVA's Montgomery County Branch raised the funds for renovation and contracted with architects and contractors. Since its foundation, and in more recent years, the organization has had some changes, including the dissolution of branches and the combination of the Montgomery County Branch with the Smithfield Preston Foundation. In 2009, the name was changed to Preservation Virgina.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Preston","Smithfield Plantation is the historic home of the Preston family, one of the founding families of Blacksburg and Montgomery County, Virginia. It was built by William Preston (1729-1783), who emigrated from northern Ireland with his family in 1737. He married Susanna Smith in 1761 and settled at Greenfield in Botetourt County in 1769. Preston established himself as a leader in the Virginia frontier by serving in the militia in the French and Indian and Revolutionary wars, in the House of Burgesses representing Augusta County from 1766 to 1768 and Botetourt County in 1769, and as County Lieutenant of Fincastle and Montgomery. He was appointed surveyor of Fincastle County in 1772 and moved his family to that area. He built Smithfield, named in honor of his wife, in 1773. Smithfield was the birthplace and home of three Virginia governors, including James Patton Preston (son of William), and John Buchanan Floyd and John Floyd, Jr. (grandsons of William).","Susanna Smith Preston","Susanna Smith was born in Hanover County, Virginia, in 1740 to Francis and Elizabeth (Waddy) Smith. In 1761, Susanna Smith married William Preston and in 1769, they settled at Greenfield (in Botetourt County). They moved to Fincastle in 1772, and then in 1773 to Smithfield, the home William built for her in Montgomery County. Susanna and William had at least twelve children: Elizabeth Preston Madison (1762-1837), John Preston (1764-1827), Francis Smith Preston (1765-1835), Sarah Preston McDowell (1767-1841), Anne Preston (1769-1782), William Preston (1770-1821), Susanna Preston Hart (1772-1833), James Patton Preston (1774-1843), Mary Preston Lewis (1776-1821), Letitia Preston Floyd (1779-1852), Thomas Lewis Preston (1781-1812), and Margaret Brown Preston Preston (1784-1843). William Preston died in 1783, and although the historical record is lacking about Susanna, it is known that she lived at Smithfield for another 40 years, raising the younger children and managing the household and the estate (sometimes with the help of her sons, who were known to handle legal matters). Susanna died in 1823 and is buried in the Preston Cemetery at Smithfield Plantation. Source: https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/7727619/susanna-preston. Additional information was compiled from Preston family papers in Special Collection and University Archives.","John Preston","John Preston, eldest son of William and Susanna (Smith) Preston, was born in 1764 at \"Greenfield\" in Botetourt County, Virginia. He periodically served in the Virginia militia throughout his lifetime. Preston was elected a member of the Virginia House of Delegates, representing Botetourt County in 1783, as well as Montgomery County in 1791 and again in 1803-1804. He served as a member of the Virginia Senate from 1792- 1799.","In 1792, Preston was named as a trustee in the act that established Christiansburg, Virginia in 1792, and served as a clerk of its first Board of Trustees. In 1798 he served as a trustee in the act that established Blacksburg, Virginia. In 1795, Preston became a Lieutenant Colonel, commanding the Third Regiment of Artillery. In 1799, he was elected Brigadier General, and given command of the brigade for Wythe, Montgomery, and Monroe Counties.","Later in 1810, Preston was appointed by the Virginia General Assembly to be the Treasurer of Virginia, serving until 1819. An audit of the treasurer's books found that Preston's accounts were in arrears, and a judgement was issued against Preston for 87 thousand dollars. To meet the obligation, Preston transferred a number of properties to trustees, who were to oversee their sale and the payment of funds into the treasury.","Preston married Mary Radford in 1798, and after her death in 1810, married Eliza Ann Carrington Mayo in 1811. He had seven children with his first wife and one with his second. When not on active military duty, Preston resided at \"Smithfield\" with his mother until his marriage, after which he lived at \"Horseshoe\". He died at Greenfield in 1827.","Founded in 1889, the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) has twenty branches which own and maintain historic properties. In November 1958 the APVA authorized the organization of the Montgomery County branch for the specific purpose of acquiring and restoring Smithfield Plantation, the historic home near Blacksburg in Montgomery County, Virginia, built by William Preston in 1773. In 1959 Mrs. Janie Preston Brockenbrough Lamb, a descendant of Preston, donated Smithfield and 4.5 acres of land to the APVA. Restoration of the building was begun in 1962 when the APVA's Montgomery County Branch raised the funds for renovation and contracted with architects and contractors. Since its foundation, and in more recent years, the organization has had some changes, including the dissolution of branches and the combination of the Montgomery County Branch with the Smithfield Preston Foundation. In 2009, the name was changed to Preservation Virgina."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, Ms1962-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, Ms1962-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome processing, arrangement, and description of the Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers was completed in the 1960s. Additional arrangement and description was completed prior to and during 2014.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Some processing, arrangement, and description of the Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers was completed in the 1960s. Additional arrangement and description was completed prior to and during 2014."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAssociation for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers, 1754-1996. Ms1962-001. \u003ca href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00510.xml\" title=\"Finding aid\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/a\u003e available online.\u003c/item\u003e\n\n\u003citem\u003eJohn Preston Deed, 1826. Ms2005-014. \u003ca href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01718.xml\" title=\"Finding aid\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/a\u003e available online.\u003c/item\u003e \n\n\u003citem\u003eJohn Preston Papers, 1806-1830, 1844, n.d. Ms1994-034. \u003ca href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00017.xml\" title=\"Finding aid\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/a\u003e available online.\u003c/item\u003e \n\n\u003citem\u003ePreston Family (Charles Peale Didier Collection) Papers, 1747-1897. Ms85-020. \u003ca href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00543.xml\" title=\"Finding aid\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/a\u003e available online.\u003c/item\u003e  \n\n\u003citem\u003eRobert Taylor Preston Papers, 1829-1871, n.d. Ms1992-003. \u003ca href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00529.xml\" title=\"Finding aid\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/a\u003e available online.\u003c/item\u003e \n\n\u003citem\u003eWilliam Preston Land Grant, 1773. Ms1994-027. \u003ca href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01643.xml\" title=\"Finding aid\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/a\u003e available online.\u003c/item\u003e \n\n\u003citem\u003eWillard Preston Genealogy, c.1998. Ms2009-121. \u003ca href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00495.xml\" title=\"Finding aid\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/a\u003e available online.\u003c/item\u003e \n\n\u003citem\u003eGeorge Green Shackelford Papers, 1899-1990 (Bulk, 1955-1989). Ms1983-003. \u003ca href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00860.xml\" title=\"Finding aid\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/a\u003e available online.\u003c/item\u003e \n\n\u003citem\u003eSmithfield Preston Foundation Papers, 1784-1881, n.d. Ms1997-002. \u003ca href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00522.xml\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/a\u003e available online.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers, 1754-1996. Ms1962-001. Finding aid available online.\n\nJohn Preston Deed, 1826. Ms2005-014. Finding aid available online. \n\nJohn Preston Papers, 1806-1830, 1844, n.d. Ms1994-034. Finding aid available online. \n\nPreston Family (Charles Peale Didier Collection) Papers, 1747-1897. Ms85-020. Finding aid available online.  \n\nRobert Taylor Preston Papers, 1829-1871, n.d. Ms1992-003. Finding aid available online. \n\nWilliam Preston Land Grant, 1773. Ms1994-027. Finding aid available online. \n\nWillard Preston Genealogy, c.1998. Ms2009-121. Finding aid available online. \n\nGeorge Green Shackelford Papers, 1899-1990 (Bulk, 1955-1989). Ms1983-003. Finding aid available online. \n\nSmithfield Preston Foundation Papers, 1784-1881, n.d. Ms1997-002. Finding aid available online."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection include business transactions, land surveys, and general store accounts (1745-1789) relating to William and Susannah Smith Preston; correspondence, business transactions, and notes on farm affairs (1782-1828) relating to their son, John Preston; correspondence and land surveys (1840-1882) relating to John, William A., and Alfred G. Preston; correspondence (1848-1861) relating to William Ballard Preston; and a day book (1789-1820) of the Prestons of Washington County.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection include business transactions, land surveys, and general store accounts (1745-1789) relating to William and Susannah Smith Preston; correspondence, business transactions, and notes on farm affairs (1782-1828) relating to their son, John Preston; correspondence and land surveys (1840-1882) relating to John, William A., and Alfred G. Preston; correspondence (1848-1861) relating to William Ballard Preston; and a day book (1789-1820) of the Prestons of Washington County."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe circumstances relating to the loan of this collection restrict SCUA staff from creating reproductions for publication and exhibition. Requests for reproduction for personal and research use may be permitted. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The circumstances relating to the loan of this collection restrict SCUA staff from creating reproductions for publication and exhibition. Requests for reproduction for personal and research use may be permitted. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_68714e40271ead0815dcc771a6e68aa0\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of family papers, receipts, correspondence, and original and photocopied materials relating to the Preston family, primarily William and Susanna Smith Preston, John Preston, and William Ballard Preston, dating from the 1740s to the 1880s. Other materials include 19th and 20th century genealogy research on the Prestons.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of family papers, receipts, correspondence, and original and photocopied materials relating to the Preston family, primarily William and Susanna Smith Preston, John Preston, and William Ballard Preston, dating from the 1740s to the 1880s. Other materials include 19th and 20th century genealogy research on the Prestons."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Preston family (Montgomery County, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Preston family (Montgomery County, Va.)","Patton, James, 1692-1755 (Preston family, Montgomery County, Va.)","Preston, William, 1729-1783","Preston, William Ballard, 1805-1862","Preston, John, 1764-1827","Preston, Susanna Smith, 1740-1823"],"persname_ssim":["Preston, John, 1764-1827","Patton, James, 1692-1755 (Preston family, Montgomery County, Va.)","Preston, William Ballard, 1805-1862","Preston, William, 1729-1783","Preston, Susanna Smith, 1740-1823"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Preston family (Montgomery County, Va.)","Preston, John, 1764-1827","Patton, James, 1692-1755 (Preston family, Montgomery County, Va.)","Preston, William Ballard, 1805-1862","Preston, William, 1729-1783","Preston, Susanna Smith, 1740-1823"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":34,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:44:34.154Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1219_c01"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7242","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William A. Baker Recipe Book, 1806/1815","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_7242#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eRecipe book, 1806-1815, of William A. Baker, of Winchester, Va., containing recipes for beer, wine, and liquor as well as formulae for varnish, sealing wax, cosmetics, medicinal remedies, ink, and dyes. The volume also includes pen and ink sketches (tinted with watercolor) showing the construction of a piano with detailed notes and genealogical data concerning the Foster and Baker families.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_7242#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7242","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7242","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7242","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7242","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_7242.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Baker, William A. Recipe Book","title_ssm":["William A. Baker Recipe Book"],"title_tesim":["William A. Baker Recipe Book"],"unitdate_ssm":["1806-1815"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1806-1815"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1806/1815"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William A. Baker Recipe Book, 1806/1815"],"text":["William A. Baker Recipe Book, 1806/1815","Mss. MsV R1","/repositories/2/resources/7242","Beer","Cookery, American","Cosmetics","Dyes and dyeing","Medicine--Formulae, receipts, prescriptions","Piano--Construction","Sealing compounds","Varnish and varnishing","Wine and wine making--United States","Genealogies","Recipes","170 p. : bound volume ; 17 cm.","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Recipe book, 1806-1815, of William A. Baker, of Winchester, Va., containing recipes for beer, wine, and liquor as well as formulae for varnish, sealing wax, cosmetics, medicinal remedies, ink, and dyes. The volume also includes pen and ink sketches (tinted with watercolor) showing the construction of a piano with detailed notes and genealogical data concerning the Foster and Baker families.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Baker family","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William A. Baker Recipe Book, 1806/1815"],"collection_ssim":["William A. Baker Recipe Book, 1806/1815"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. MsV R1","/repositories/2/resources/7242"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInformation about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/William_A._Baker\" title=\"William A. Baker\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: ."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam A. Baker Recipe Book, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["William A. Baker Recipe Book, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecipe book, 1806-1815, of William A. Baker, of Winchester, Va., containing recipes for beer, wine, and liquor as well as formulae for varnish, sealing wax, cosmetics, medicinal remedies, ink, and dyes. 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Recipe Book","title_ssm":["William A. Baker Recipe Book"],"title_tesim":["William A. Baker Recipe Book"],"unitdate_ssm":["1806-1815"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1806-1815"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1806/1815"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William A. Baker Recipe Book, 1806/1815"],"text":["William A. Baker Recipe Book, 1806/1815","Mss. MsV R1","/repositories/2/resources/7242","Beer","Cookery, American","Cosmetics","Dyes and dyeing","Medicine--Formulae, receipts, prescriptions","Piano--Construction","Sealing compounds","Varnish and varnishing","Wine and wine making--United States","Genealogies","Recipes","170 p. : bound volume ; 17 cm.","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Recipe book, 1806-1815, of William A. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInformation about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/William_A._Baker\" title=\"William A. Baker\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: ."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam A. Baker Recipe Book, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["William A. Baker Recipe Book, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecipe book, 1806-1815, of William A. Baker, of Winchester, Va., containing recipes for beer, wine, and liquor as well as formulae for varnish, sealing wax, cosmetics, medicinal remedies, ink, and dyes. 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The volume also includes pen and ink sketches (tinted with watercolor) showing the construction of a piano with detailed notes and genealogical data concerning the Foster and Baker families."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"famname_ssim":["Baker family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Baker family"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Baker family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:44:41.677Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_7242"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1002_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"William Alexander, 1780/1901","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1002_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes about Lexington, Virginia properties owned by William Alexander. The notes were taken in 1964 from deed and land books likely in the Rockbridge County Court House.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1002_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1002_c01","ref_ssm":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1002_c01"],"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1002_c01","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1002","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1002","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1002","parent_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1002","parent_ssim":["Rockbridge Historical Society collection of deeds, 1748/1920"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1002"],"title_filing_ssi":"William Alexander","title_ssm":["William Alexander"],"title_tesim":["William Alexander"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Alexander, 1780/1901"],"text":["William Alexander, 1780/1901","Rockbridge Historical Society collection of deeds, 1748/1920","box 1","folder 1","English","Handwritten notes about Lexington, Virginia properties owned by William Alexander. The notes were taken in 1964 from deed and land books likely in the Rockbridge County Court House."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Rockbridge Historical Society collection of deeds, 1748/1920"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Rockbridge Historical Society collection of deeds, 1748/1920"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1780/1901"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1780-1901"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"collection_ssim":["Rockbridge Historical Society collection of deeds, 1748/1920"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes about Lexington, Virginia properties owned by William Alexander. The notes were taken in 1964 from deed and land books likely in the Rockbridge County Court House.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Handwritten notes about Lexington, Virginia properties owned by William Alexander. The notes were taken in 1964 from deed and land books likely in the Rockbridge County Court House."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:00:36.926Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1002","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1002","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1002","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1002","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_1002.xml","title_ssm":["Rockbridge Historical Society collection of deeds"],"title_tesim":["Rockbridge Historical Society collection of deeds"],"unitdate_ssm":["1748-1920"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1748-1920"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1748/1920"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockbridge Historical Society collection of deeds, 1748/1920"],"text":["Rockbridge Historical Society collection of deeds, 1748/1920","RHS .Coll.0043","/repositories/5/resources/1002","Virginia -- Rockbridge County","Virginia -- Augusta County","Virginia -- Greenville","Virginia -- Lexington","Virginia -- Buena Vista","Deeds","Deeds of trust","Indentures","This collection is open for research use.","A collection of original land deeds and indentures from the vicinity of Rockbridge County, Virginia collected by the Rockbridge Historical Society.","Handwritten notes about Lexington, Virginia properties owned by William Alexander. The notes were taken in 1964 from deed and land books likely in the Rockbridge County Court House.","Pertains to lands in the Cedar Grove Mills vicinity of Rockbridge County once owned by Robert B. and Mary M. Anderson.","Indenture between James Anderson, husband of Jenny Anderson and Jean Paul, wife of John Paul Deceased in which he sells or conveys to here land, an enslaved young man named David and housedold materials.","Deed pertains to a house and lot on Jefferson Street in Lexington, Virginia.","20th century typescript notes on property owned by both Benjamin Borden, Sr. and Jr., located in Rockbridge and/or Augusta County, in Virginia and Monmouth County, New Jersey and those individuals who were also involved in the land transactions.","Pertains to one property in the viciniy of the Lime Kiln and \"Quarry\" in Lexington, Va., and another abutting the Old Monmouth Presbyterian Church lot just west of Lexington.","Hand drawn map and survey of land owned by Joseph Clark and includes properties owned by the heirs of Sarah Tyree, Mr. Nettle, and John D. Letcher. John D. Letcher completed the survey in 1907. Map is drawn on glazed linen paper.","A half-page of information including deedbook and page numbers from Rockbridge County courthouse mentioning \"Clifton.\" Also briefly mentions William Preston Johnston and surnames Tucker, Alexander, Houston and Stanard.","Deeds for properties in the village of Brownsburg, Va.","A manuscript indenture for the purchase of land by Thomas Lecky (Lackey) from Ambrose and Sarah Crain of Rockbridge County, Virginia. It is noted that the land is along some \"small waters of James' River.\" The property bordered land of John Jacobs, Thomas Auchletree (Ocheltree), Matthew Houston, and Bousman ( Bosserman?)","Deed for land along South Buffalo Creek in Rockbridge County, Virginia. William H. H. Dixon and his wife Julia A. Dixon were living in Fannin County, Texas at the time of the creation of the deed.","The heirs of James Dougherty were William, Daniel, and Rebecca Doty. The being sold was in two tracts totalling about one hundred acres along Mill Creek near the \"great road between Lexington and Staunton, in Rockbridge County, Virginia. The tract was previously owned by Philip Hoyleman (Hileman). James Whiteside and Mary Daugherty are also mentioned in the indenture.","For conveying a house and lot in Buena Vista, Virginia.","For the purchase of twenty-nine and three quarter acres near Lexington on the southern side abutting lots owned by J.T.L. Preston heirs, John C. Boude heirs, and Andrew Wallace heirs. This folder also includes an oversize fire insurance certificate for a two story frame house owned by the Estill family on the north-east end of Nelson Street. The policy was with the Petersburg Savings and Insurance Company.","Deed is for a gift of the property at corner of Jackson Ave. and White St., Lexington, Virginia to Funkhouser daughters, Bessie F. Rader, Inez C. Funkhouser, Nettie M. Leitch, Edith Dunnington, and Judith R. Hutton.","An indenture for land between Lewis Gearheart, his wife Phebe, and Henry Gearheart. The land was on the James River in Rockbridge County.","An indenture for land between James F. Harper, his wife Martha, William Harper, and John M. Harper. The land is in Rockbridge County on the North River.","Deed for land in Rockbridge County distributed amongst Cameron's children and spouses.","Deed regarding the Hill family and their land in Rockbridge County on the waters of South Buffalo Creek.","This folder contains birth, marriage, and death registers; indentures, deeds, and other excerpts from a will book and deed book; and marriage licenses all relating to the Holden family.","This folder contains indentures for money and land in Rockbridge County (on the waters of the James River) and Augusta County. These indentures involve Peter Seacat and his wife Margaret, John Jacobs and his wife Phoebe, and Joseph Wilson and his heirs.","A contract between H.H. Wallace, the guardian of John S. Johnson (Augusta County) and E.A. Johnson (Rockbridge County) leasing out John S. Johnson's farm (located in the \"forks\" of Kerr's Creek and North River) for one year. This lease is under the condition of the farm buildings and fences being maintained and the land being farmed.","An indenture between William Kirkpatrick, his wife Catherine, and Samuel Kirkpatrick (Rockbridge County) concerning land surrounded by the North River.","Copies of receipts for the sale of land sold and/or purchased by Andrew Knick, William Knick, or Hugh Knick.","Deed between Mary A. Lam, Martha J. Shoulder, Anna E.H. Wills, Elish E. Wills, Harvey Patterson, Elizabeth Latourett, Fred Latourett, Annie K. Lowman (last four are heirs of Sarah C. Patterson) and Cristine E. Wills. The deed is concerning land (Kerr's Creek, Rockbridge County) owned by the late Samuel Zinks.","Deed concerning land in Greenville (Augusta County) on the West side of the National Highway (possibly I-64).","Deed between Fannie Thompson, William and Annie McDowell, Martha Harper (all of which constitute heirs-at-law of the late Samuel Mitchell), Jennie Mitchell (widow of Samuel), and W.H. Clements concerning Samuel Mitchell's land in Augusta County (near Mints Spring in Riverheads District).","Deed concerning land in Buena Vista (Rockbridge County).","Scraps of an indenture concerning the \"lands of Larkin Hudson.\"","Deed for concerning debt between the parties.","Deed concerning land in Lexington, Rockbridge County (between Virginia Military Institute and Washington and Lee University).","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Anderson family","Dunlap Family","Greenlee family","Jenks, William Alexander","Anderson, John R.","Edmondson, James K., Colonel","Paxton, Thomas, 1722-1788","Borden, Benjamin, Sr.","Alexander, Archibald","Campbell, John Archibald","Fuller, Jacob","McClung, James Warwick","Grigsby, Reuben","Sherrard, Joseph L.","Clements, William","McDowell, William George, 1850-1921","Moomaw, Daniel Clovis","Maury, Richard S.","The materials are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Rockbridge Historical Society collection of deeds, 1748/1920"],"collection_ssim":["Rockbridge Historical Society collection of deeds, 1748/1920"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RHS .Coll.0043","/repositories/5/resources/1002"],"unitid_tesim":["RHS .Coll.0043","/repositories/5/resources/1002"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Rockbridge County","Virginia -- Augusta County","Virginia -- Greenville","Virginia -- Lexington","Virginia -- Buena Vista"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Rockbridge County","Virginia -- Augusta County","Virginia -- Greenville","Virginia -- Lexington","Virginia -- Buena Vista"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Rockbridge County","Virginia -- Augusta County","Virginia -- Greenville","Virginia -- Lexington","Virginia -- Buena Vista"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Jenks, William Alexander","Anderson, John R.","Edmondson, James K., Colonel","Paxton, Thomas, 1722-1788","Borden, Benjamin, Sr.","Alexander, Archibald","Campbell, John Archibald","Fuller, Jacob","McClung, James Warwick","Grigsby, Reuben","Sherrard, Joseph L.","Clements, William","McDowell, William George, 1850-1921","Moomaw, Daniel Clovis","Maury, Richard S."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Anderson family","Dunlap Family","Greenlee family"],"creators_ssim":["Jenks, William Alexander","Anderson, John R.","Edmondson, James K., Colonel","Paxton, Thomas, 1722-1788","Borden, Benjamin, Sr.","Alexander, Archibald","Campbell, John Archibald","Fuller, Jacob","McClung, James Warwick","Grigsby, Reuben","Sherrard, Joseph L.","Clements, William","McDowell, William George, 1850-1921","Moomaw, Daniel Clovis","Maury, Richard S.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Anderson family","Dunlap Family","Greenlee family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Deeds","Deeds of trust","Indentures"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Deeds","Deeds of trust","Indentures"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Rockbridge Historical Society collection of deeds, RHS Coll. 0043, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Rockbridge Historical Society collection of deeds, RHS Coll. 0043, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA","In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA collection of original land deeds and indentures from the vicinity of Rockbridge County, Virginia collected by the Rockbridge Historical Society.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes about Lexington, Virginia properties owned by William Alexander. The notes were taken in 1964 from deed and land books likely in the Rockbridge County Court House.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePertains to lands in the Cedar Grove Mills vicinity of Rockbridge County once owned by Robert B. and Mary M. Anderson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndenture between James Anderson, husband of Jenny Anderson and Jean Paul, wife of John Paul Deceased in which he sells or conveys to here land, an enslaved young man named David and housedold materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeed pertains to a house and lot on Jefferson Street in Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20th century typescript notes on property owned by both Benjamin Borden, Sr. and Jr., located in Rockbridge and/or Augusta County, in Virginia and Monmouth County, New Jersey and those individuals who were also involved in the land transactions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePertains to one property in the viciniy of the Lime Kiln and \"Quarry\" in Lexington, Va., and another abutting the Old Monmouth Presbyterian Church lot just west of Lexington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHand drawn map and survey of land owned by Joseph Clark and includes properties owned by the heirs of Sarah Tyree, Mr. Nettle, and John D. Letcher. John D. Letcher completed the survey in 1907. Map is drawn on glazed linen paper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA half-page of information including deedbook and page numbers from Rockbridge County courthouse mentioning \"Clifton.\" Also briefly mentions William Preston Johnston and surnames Tucker, Alexander, Houston and Stanard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds for properties in the village of Brownsburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA manuscript indenture for the purchase of land by Thomas Lecky (Lackey) from Ambrose and Sarah Crain of Rockbridge County, Virginia. It is noted that the land is along some \"small waters of James' River.\" The property bordered land of John Jacobs, Thomas Auchletree (Ocheltree), Matthew Houston, and Bousman ( Bosserman?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeed for land along South Buffalo Creek in Rockbridge County, Virginia. William H. H. Dixon and his wife Julia A. Dixon were living in Fannin County, Texas at the time of the creation of the deed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe heirs of James Dougherty were William, Daniel, and Rebecca Doty. The being sold was in two tracts totalling about one hundred acres along Mill Creek near the \"great road between Lexington and Staunton, in Rockbridge County, Virginia. The tract was previously owned by Philip Hoyleman (Hileman). James Whiteside and Mary Daugherty are also mentioned in the indenture.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor conveying a house and lot in Buena Vista, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor the purchase of twenty-nine and three quarter acres near Lexington on the southern side abutting lots owned by J.T.L. Preston heirs, John C. Boude heirs, and Andrew Wallace heirs. This folder also includes an oversize fire insurance certificate for a two story frame house owned by the Estill family on the north-east end of Nelson Street. The policy was with the Petersburg Savings and Insurance Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeed is for a gift of the property at corner of Jackson Ave. and White St., Lexington, Virginia to Funkhouser daughters, Bessie F. Rader, Inez C. Funkhouser, Nettie M. Leitch, Edith Dunnington, and Judith R. Hutton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn indenture for land between Lewis Gearheart, his wife Phebe, and Henry Gearheart. The land was on the James River in Rockbridge County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn indenture for land between James F. Harper, his wife Martha, William Harper, and John M. Harper. The land is in Rockbridge County on the North River.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeed for land in Rockbridge County distributed amongst Cameron's children and spouses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeed regarding the Hill family and their land in Rockbridge County on the waters of South Buffalo Creek.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains birth, marriage, and death registers; indentures, deeds, and other excerpts from a will book and deed book; and marriage licenses all relating to the Holden family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains indentures for money and land in Rockbridge County (on the waters of the James River) and Augusta County. These indentures involve Peter Seacat and his wife Margaret, John Jacobs and his wife Phoebe, and Joseph Wilson and his heirs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA contract between H.H. Wallace, the guardian of John S. Johnson (Augusta County) and E.A. Johnson (Rockbridge County) leasing out John S. Johnson's farm (located in the \"forks\" of Kerr's Creek and North River) for one year. This lease is under the condition of the farm buildings and fences being maintained and the land being farmed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn indenture between William Kirkpatrick, his wife Catherine, and Samuel Kirkpatrick (Rockbridge County) concerning land surrounded by the North River.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of receipts for the sale of land sold and/or purchased by Andrew Knick, William Knick, or Hugh Knick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeed between Mary A. Lam, Martha J. Shoulder, Anna E.H. Wills, Elish E. Wills, Harvey Patterson, Elizabeth Latourett, Fred Latourett, Annie K. Lowman (last four are heirs of Sarah C. Patterson) and Cristine E. Wills. The deed is concerning land (Kerr's Creek, Rockbridge County) owned by the late Samuel Zinks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeed concerning land in Greenville (Augusta County) on the West side of the National Highway (possibly I-64).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeed between Fannie Thompson, William and Annie McDowell, Martha Harper (all of which constitute heirs-at-law of the late Samuel Mitchell), Jennie Mitchell (widow of Samuel), and W.H. Clements concerning Samuel Mitchell's land in Augusta County (near Mints Spring in Riverheads District).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeed concerning land in Buena Vista (Rockbridge County).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScraps of an indenture concerning the \"lands of Larkin Hudson.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeed for concerning debt between the parties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeed concerning land in Lexington, Rockbridge County (between Virginia Military Institute and Washington and Lee University).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of original land deeds and indentures from the vicinity of Rockbridge County, Virginia collected by the Rockbridge Historical Society.","Handwritten notes about Lexington, Virginia properties owned by William Alexander. The notes were taken in 1964 from deed and land books likely in the Rockbridge County Court House.","Pertains to lands in the Cedar Grove Mills vicinity of Rockbridge County once owned by Robert B. and Mary M. Anderson.","Indenture between James Anderson, husband of Jenny Anderson and Jean Paul, wife of John Paul Deceased in which he sells or conveys to here land, an enslaved young man named David and housedold materials.","Deed pertains to a house and lot on Jefferson Street in Lexington, Virginia.","20th century typescript notes on property owned by both Benjamin Borden, Sr. and Jr., located in Rockbridge and/or Augusta County, in Virginia and Monmouth County, New Jersey and those individuals who were also involved in the land transactions.","Pertains to one property in the viciniy of the Lime Kiln and \"Quarry\" in Lexington, Va., and another abutting the Old Monmouth Presbyterian Church lot just west of Lexington.","Hand drawn map and survey of land owned by Joseph Clark and includes properties owned by the heirs of Sarah Tyree, Mr. Nettle, and John D. Letcher. John D. Letcher completed the survey in 1907. Map is drawn on glazed linen paper.","A half-page of information including deedbook and page numbers from Rockbridge County courthouse mentioning \"Clifton.\" Also briefly mentions William Preston Johnston and surnames Tucker, Alexander, Houston and Stanard.","Deeds for properties in the village of Brownsburg, Va.","A manuscript indenture for the purchase of land by Thomas Lecky (Lackey) from Ambrose and Sarah Crain of Rockbridge County, Virginia. It is noted that the land is along some \"small waters of James' River.\" The property bordered land of John Jacobs, Thomas Auchletree (Ocheltree), Matthew Houston, and Bousman ( Bosserman?)","Deed for land along South Buffalo Creek in Rockbridge County, Virginia. William H. H. Dixon and his wife Julia A. Dixon were living in Fannin County, Texas at the time of the creation of the deed.","The heirs of James Dougherty were William, Daniel, and Rebecca Doty. The being sold was in two tracts totalling about one hundred acres along Mill Creek near the \"great road between Lexington and Staunton, in Rockbridge County, Virginia. The tract was previously owned by Philip Hoyleman (Hileman). James Whiteside and Mary Daugherty are also mentioned in the indenture.","For conveying a house and lot in Buena Vista, Virginia.","For the purchase of twenty-nine and three quarter acres near Lexington on the southern side abutting lots owned by J.T.L. Preston heirs, John C. Boude heirs, and Andrew Wallace heirs. This folder also includes an oversize fire insurance certificate for a two story frame house owned by the Estill family on the north-east end of Nelson Street. The policy was with the Petersburg Savings and Insurance Company.","Deed is for a gift of the property at corner of Jackson Ave. and White St., Lexington, Virginia to Funkhouser daughters, Bessie F. Rader, Inez C. Funkhouser, Nettie M. Leitch, Edith Dunnington, and Judith R. Hutton.","An indenture for land between Lewis Gearheart, his wife Phebe, and Henry Gearheart. The land was on the James River in Rockbridge County.","An indenture for land between James F. Harper, his wife Martha, William Harper, and John M. Harper. The land is in Rockbridge County on the North River.","Deed for land in Rockbridge County distributed amongst Cameron's children and spouses.","Deed regarding the Hill family and their land in Rockbridge County on the waters of South Buffalo Creek.","This folder contains birth, marriage, and death registers; indentures, deeds, and other excerpts from a will book and deed book; and marriage licenses all relating to the Holden family.","This folder contains indentures for money and land in Rockbridge County (on the waters of the James River) and Augusta County. These indentures involve Peter Seacat and his wife Margaret, John Jacobs and his wife Phoebe, and Joseph Wilson and his heirs.","A contract between H.H. Wallace, the guardian of John S. Johnson (Augusta County) and E.A. Johnson (Rockbridge County) leasing out John S. Johnson's farm (located in the \"forks\" of Kerr's Creek and North River) for one year. This lease is under the condition of the farm buildings and fences being maintained and the land being farmed.","An indenture between William Kirkpatrick, his wife Catherine, and Samuel Kirkpatrick (Rockbridge County) concerning land surrounded by the North River.","Copies of receipts for the sale of land sold and/or purchased by Andrew Knick, William Knick, or Hugh Knick.","Deed between Mary A. Lam, Martha J. Shoulder, Anna E.H. Wills, Elish E. Wills, Harvey Patterson, Elizabeth Latourett, Fred Latourett, Annie K. Lowman (last four are heirs of Sarah C. Patterson) and Cristine E. Wills. The deed is concerning land (Kerr's Creek, Rockbridge County) owned by the late Samuel Zinks.","Deed concerning land in Greenville (Augusta County) on the West side of the National Highway (possibly I-64).","Deed between Fannie Thompson, William and Annie McDowell, Martha Harper (all of which constitute heirs-at-law of the late Samuel Mitchell), Jennie Mitchell (widow of Samuel), and W.H. Clements concerning Samuel Mitchell's land in Augusta County (near Mints Spring in Riverheads District).","Deed concerning land in Buena Vista (Rockbridge County).","Scraps of an indenture concerning the \"lands of Larkin Hudson.\"","Deed for concerning debt between the parties.","Deed concerning land in Lexington, Rockbridge County (between Virginia Military Institute and Washington and Lee University)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives"],"famname_ssim":["Anderson family","Dunlap Family","Greenlee family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Anderson family","Dunlap Family","Greenlee family","Jenks, William Alexander","Anderson, John R.","Edmondson, James K., Colonel","Paxton, Thomas, 1722-1788","Borden, Benjamin, Sr.","Alexander, Archibald","Campbell, John Archibald","Fuller, Jacob","McClung, James Warwick","Grigsby, Reuben","Sherrard, Joseph L.","Clements, William","McDowell, William George, 1850-1921","Moomaw, Daniel Clovis","Maury, Richard S."],"persname_ssim":["Jenks, William Alexander","Anderson, John R.","Edmondson, James K., Colonel","Paxton, Thomas, 1722-1788","Borden, Benjamin, Sr.","Alexander, Archibald","Campbell, John Archibald","Fuller, Jacob","McClung, James Warwick","Grigsby, Reuben","Sherrard, Joseph L.","Clements, William","McDowell, William George, 1850-1921","Moomaw, Daniel Clovis","Maury, Richard S."],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Anderson family","Dunlap Family","Greenlee family","Jenks, William Alexander","Anderson, John R.","Edmondson, James K., Colonel","Paxton, Thomas, 1722-1788","Borden, Benjamin, Sr.","Alexander, Archibald","Campbell, John Archibald","Fuller, Jacob","McClung, James Warwick","Grigsby, Reuben","Sherrard, Joseph L.","Clements, William","McDowell, William George, 1850-1921","Moomaw, Daniel Clovis","Maury, Richard S."],"language_ssim":["The materials are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":35,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:00:36.926Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1002_c01"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families), 1808/1959","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_921#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection depicts the family lives of three prominent New England families, the Butler, Collins, and Terry families from 1808 to 1920 consisting of 8.5 cubic feet, (17 document boxes). Their correspondence, genealogy, photographs, and journals compile a historical collection, vast in size and informative of American life in the nineteenth century. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_921#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_921.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/126290","title_filing_ssi":"Butler, William Allen, family papers and related families","title_ssm":["William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families)"],"title_tesim":["William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1808-1959"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1808-1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1808/1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families), 1808/1959"],"text":["William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families), 1808/1959","MSS 16447","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous 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Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, Series 3. Notebooks, scrapbooks, photographs, and printed. The letters are arranged in chronological order under each family member. Correspondence between individuals is in separate folders because that was the original order of the collection.","This collection is centered on three prominent New England families, the Butler family of \"Round Oak\" Yonkers, New York (and according to family history related to Oliver Cromwell), the Terry family of Hartford, Connecticut (who was related to Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock and came over on the Mayflower in 1620), and the Collins family of Hartford, and New Haven, Connecticut, (who were settlers of Collinsville Illinois during westward expansion) in nineteenth century America.","The collection has many references to the American Civil War, and major events of the nineteenth century. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who helped free enslaved persons and celebrated when Illinois won against becoming an enslaved state.","The Butler family begins in this collection with Benjamin Franklin Butler (1795-1858) who was the Attorney General of the United States (1833-1838), appointed by President Andrew Jackson and was also a legal partner of Martin Van Buren. He founded New York University in 1831 and was regarded as one of the most successful cross-examiners of his day. He was married to Harriet Allen Butler and they had nine children.","His son was William Allen Butler (1825-1902) who was a lawyer and popular author of many books and poems. His most famous satirical book, \"Nothing to Wear\" was published in \"Harper's Weekly\" in 1857. He contributed travel and comic writing to \"The Literary World\" and wrote for the \"Democratic Review\". He married Mary Russell Marshall in 1850 and they had nine children including William Allen Butler, Jr. (1856-1921) and Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934), a well-known painter. William Allen Butler was on the cover of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" in 1897. He died at his residence, Round Oak, in Yonkers, New York.","William Allen Butler, Jr. was an attorney in New York, president of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. He wrote law lectures and travelled to Europe for business. In 1840 he married Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1920) which joined the Terry, Collins, and Butler families together.  Louise Collins Butler wrote poetry, which is included in the collection.  They had five children, William Allen Butler, III, Lyman Collins Butler, Dr. Charles Terry Butler (1889-1980), Lydia Coit Dwight, and Louise Tracy Butler.","Louise Terry Collins Butler's parents were Charles Collins (1817-1891) and Mary Collins (1820-1900) who were married in 1840 and wrote to each other often when he was traveling for his father (Charles Collins) and grandfather's (Amos Collins) dry goods business (A.M. Collins and Sons and then Collins Brothers \u0026 Sons) in St. Louis, Missouri, Collinsville, Illinois, Charleston, South Carolina and Hartford, Connecticut. Before he was married, he wrote often to his parents asking for permission to buy land in Illinois like his uncles (who were successful in settling in Collinsville, Illinois), but they believed this was a plot to get rich quick and encouraged him to stay in business, which he did. Family members have recalled that \"Charles Collins was a courteous gentleman, of an exceedingly attractive personality. He was a man of active mind and fluent speech.\" He was described as speaking with animation and eloquence in defending his beliefs. He did not attend college, but he was an enthusiastic advocate of new and rational theological thought. He and his wife Mary Hall Terry Collins \"were very much interested in the genealogic record of the Collins family. Mary Hall Terry Collins, was the daughter of Eliphalet Terry (famous for promoting Hartford Insurance Company after the great fire in New York in 1835) and the granddaughter of Judge Eliphalet Terry who was a County Court Judge and direct descendant of Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock.","Louise Butler's siblings were Lydia Coit Ketcham (1844-1936), Reverend Charles Terry Collins (1845-1883), Clarence Lyman Collins (1848-1922), and Arthur Morris Collins (1851-1861).","Reverend Charles Terry Collins, brother of Louise Collins Butler was a graduate of Yale during the American Civil War, and a Reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio.  In 1883, at the age of 38, the young minister on a visit home to see his father and mother, suddenly died in his father's arms as he got off the train. Family genealogy records describe the reverend after his death, \"The Cleveland journals regarded his death as \"not only a crushing private grief, but a public calamity.\" He was married to Mary Abby Wood. Their children were Charles Collins (b.1873), Clarence Collins (b. 1875), Mary Terry Collins (b. 1877), and Arthur Morris Collins (b.1880).","Reverend Charles Collins' father, and Charles Terry Collins grandfather, Amos Morris Collins, was the son of William Collins (1760-1847) and Esther Morris Collins. Amos Collins built one of the first successful dry goods business in New England. It was called A. M. Collins \u0026 Sons. It was so successful that it was able to help the banks and other community members after the American Civil War. Amos Morris Collins' brothers, Augustus Collins, Anson Collins, Michael Collins, Frederick Collins, and William Collins bought land in Illinois, where they moved their business, and named the town Collinsville. Amos Collins stayed at the store in New Haven. Reverend Dr. Bushnell, who was a close friend of Amos Collins and minister of his church, wrote about him, \"There is almost nothing here that has not somehow felt his power, nothing good which has not somehow profited by his beneficence.\"","The Butler, Collins, and Terry families descended from patriots of the American Revolutionary War and were members of the Daughters and Sons of the American Revolutionary War. The women in the collection, Harriet Allen Butler, Mary Russell Marshall Butler, Mary Lyman Collins, Lydia Coit Terry, Mary Hall Terry Collins, and Louise Terry Collins Butler played a prominent role in their households, were confidantes of their husbands, and maintained prominent social responsibilities. They were skilled in the orchestrations of sophisticated urban life and the hard work required for early American lifestyles.","These three families were raised with puritan upbringings which gave them a solid foundation of good principles but what is most notable is that they lived their lives with kindness and charity towards each other and their communities. This characterizes many of the letters in this collection.","This collection was donated by Leslie Middleton who is the granddaughter of Dr. Charles Terry Butler, and  great-granddaughter of Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1921) and William Allen Butler, Jr.","Sources:\nWood, Steven, \"The Writing of Steven Wood Collins:- Author of \"Puramore\", \"Lute of Pythagoras\", Steven Wood Collins Blog, Good Reads,,Published on May 26, 2015 \nhttps://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4524514.Steven_Wood_Collins/blog/tag/edward-collins","\"Full text of \"The Collins family; Genealogical record (in part) of the descendants of John Collins, Sr., from 1640 to 1760; a complete record of the descendants of William Collins and Esther Morris, from 1760 to 1897\", Internet Archive. retrieved 9/22/21 \nhttps://archive.org/stream/collinsfamilygen00coll/collinsfamilygen00coll_djvu.txt","Moore, Ensley. \"The Collins Family and Connections.\" Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1908-1984) 12, no. 1 (1919): 58–70. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40187075.","Butler, William Allen, \"Retrospect of Forty Years, 1825-1865\", New York, Charles Scribner and Sons, 1911. (ebook, Google Books, University of California)\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=zYWAAAAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA16\u0026lpg=PA16\u0026dq=butler+family+descended+from+oliver+cromwell\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=QqeGyXq0YG\u0026sig=ACfU3U0-GqeaWDdLQ65iXNnMmfjWODHZhw\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjm3bGqt5PzAhUXF1kFHaGKDZgQ6AF6BAghEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=butler%20family%20descended%20from%20oliver%20cromwell\u0026f=false","This collection depicts the family lives of three prominent New England families, the Butler, Collins, and Terry families from 1808 to 1920 consisting of 8.5 cubic feet, (17 document boxes). Their correspondence, genealogy, photographs, and journals compile a historical collection, vast in size and informative of American life in the nineteenth century.","It contains over three hundred letters written when family members were attending Yale or Princeton during the American Civil War. There are over four thousand letters which show the close relationships between the families and their strong religious faith. Descendants from Puritans, the families' letters reveal a gentle kindness and firm guidance, particularly from parents to their children and a strong nostalgia for each other's company. Letters about the loss of loved ones show grief and pain but also an accepting attitude towards death and a reassuring belief that the spirit reclaimed their loved ones. A few of the letters highlight rare events such as divorce and alcoholism. There are some letters describing westward expansion (to Illinois). The letters mention some of the major events of the nineteenth century as well as an opportunity to look through history and learn more about each one of the family members and their community.","Many of the members in these families made a name for themselves in the field of law. Benjamin Franklin Butler was the Attorney General of the United States and the law partner of Martin Van Buren under President Andrew Jackson and some of his papers are in this collection. He was also a founder of New York University. His son, William Allen Butler was also a well-respected attorney, President of the American Bar Association, and a prolific author and poet. His novel \"Nothing to Wear\" was known as a popular, classic satire. There is a bibliographic list of his books, and the publications can be found in our holdings. There is also a copy of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" where he is featured on the cover in 1897.","William Allen Butler, Jr. was also an attorney in New England, President of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. Included in the collection are his lectures and rowing, fishing, and Princeton scrapbooks as well as his property books, and office and travel journals. He married Louise Terry Collins in 1884 bringing the Butler and Collins families together. There are letters from \"Will and Louise\" while he courted her for several years, but she wanted to maintain her independence a few years longer. She was also a poet and many of her lines of poetry are in the collection. Also included are their handwritten wedding vows and affectionate letters throughout their marriage. William Allen Butler, Jr. traveled to Europe often and sailed on the RMS Mauretania (the sister ship to the Lusitania that was sunk by a German torpedo). Louise Butler also traveled and there are letters written on stationery from the Hamburg-Amerika line. There are also letters from William Allen Butler, Jr. to and about his brother Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934) who was an American painter and founder of the American Fine Arts Society. There are also photographs in William Allen Butler, Jr.'s scrapbook, \"The Victoria Luise\" of men constructing the Panama Canal.","Louise Terry Collins Butler's parents, Charles and Mary Hall Terry Collins also wrote to each other often during their courtship, married life, which included the time of the American Civil War. They also wrote letters about the \"Panic of 1857\"; the Midwest and the South, and politics. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who tried to help free enslaved persons and fought for Illinois to become a free state. The letters do not mention any details about enslaved persons but are more related to family and politics in general. The letters also describe travel to Collinsville, Illinois, Jacksonville, and St. Louis, Missouri, New Orleans, Louisiana, and Charleston South Carolina where Charles Collins Sr. attended to business for his family dry goods store in New England. Their son, Charles Terry Collins, Jr. wrote to them about the Civil War while he was a student at Yale. He attended Andover Theological Seminary and became a reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio. He exchanged letters with his parents and siblings every week usually on Sundays. Many of his letters have hand illustrated, intricate, and personal sketches that describe the contents of his letters. He expresses his honest feelings and self-doubts about schoolwork and preaching which he eventually masters. Their other son, Clarence Collins attended College Hill School in Poughkeepsie, New York and succeeded his father in his dry goods store, \"Collins, Kellog \u0026 Kerbe\" and \"Collins, Atwater \u0026 Whitten\" (Collins Brothers \u0026 Sons). He married (Marie) Louise Clark who divorced him, leaving the care of their little girl, Edith Collins, with his mother Mary Hall Terry Collins and his sisters, Lillie Collins Ketcham, and Louise Terry Collins Butler. Edith Collins later married (and divorced) a Turkish diplomat Rechid Bey (Count Czaykowsi) and became Countess Czaykowski who lived in Paris and there are letters from her in the collection.","There are scrapbooks, and journals documenting the lives of these intertwining members of these families. There are also extensive genealogy notes and family trees in the collection tracing their ancestors. There is an Oxford family bible (1851 Oxford University Press, England) with handwritten family names. Printed books on the families 'genealogies and novels written by William Allen Butler are in the printed part of our collections. There is information about the family being members of the Colonial Dames Society of the American Revolutionary War and the Sons and Daughters of the American Revolutionary War. There are also well identified photographs of the various members of these noted American families of Butler, Collins, and Terry. Some of their portraits are housed in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.","Included is a letter from Edith Collins's husband Rechid Czaykowski written in french, undated.","Beautiful valentine cards","Letters are handsewn together.","Letters to his mother are handsewn together.","Some letters homesewn together. Piece of embroidery included.","Includes letter from the President of Princeton University","See also legal box 17.","Mary Marshall Butler letters to Charles Henry \"Harry\" Butler about genealogy","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families), 1808/1959"],"collection_ssim":["William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families), 1808/1959"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16447","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous 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Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"access_subjects_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.5 Cubic Feet 17 document boxes, oversize folders and enclosures"],"extent_tesim":["8.5 Cubic Feet 17 document boxes, oversize folders and enclosures"],"physfacet_tesim":["Family correspondence, genealogy, printed items, photographs and scrapbooks"],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into three series: Series 1. Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, Series 3. Notebooks, scrapbooks, photographs, and printed. The letters are arranged in chronological order under each family member. Correspondence between individuals is in separate folders because that was the original order of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into three series: Series 1. Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, Series 3. Notebooks, scrapbooks, photographs, and printed. The letters are arranged in chronological order under each family member. Correspondence between individuals is in separate folders because that was the original order of the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is centered on three prominent New England families, the Butler family of \"Round Oak\" Yonkers, New York (and according to family history related to Oliver Cromwell), the Terry family of Hartford, Connecticut (who was related to Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock and came over on the Mayflower in 1620), and the Collins family of Hartford, and New Haven, Connecticut, (who were settlers of Collinsville Illinois during westward expansion) in nineteenth century America.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection has many references to the American Civil War, and major events of the nineteenth century. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who helped free enslaved persons and celebrated when Illinois won against becoming an enslaved state.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Butler family begins in this collection with Benjamin Franklin Butler (1795-1858) who was the Attorney General of the United States (1833-1838), appointed by President Andrew Jackson and was also a legal partner of Martin Van Buren. He founded New York University in 1831 and was regarded as one of the most successful cross-examiners of his day. He was married to Harriet Allen Butler and they had nine children. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis son was William Allen Butler (1825-1902) who was a lawyer and popular author of many books and poems. His most famous satirical book, \"Nothing to Wear\" was published in \"Harper's Weekly\" in 1857. He contributed travel and comic writing to \"The Literary World\" and wrote for the \"Democratic Review\". He married Mary Russell Marshall in 1850 and they had nine children including William Allen Butler, Jr. (1856-1921) and Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934), a well-known painter. William Allen Butler was on the cover of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" in 1897. He died at his residence, Round Oak, in Yonkers, New York. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Allen Butler, Jr. was an attorney in New York, president of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. He wrote law lectures and travelled to Europe for business. In 1840 he married Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1920) which joined the Terry, Collins, and Butler families together.  Louise Collins Butler wrote poetry, which is included in the collection.  They had five children, William Allen Butler, III, Lyman Collins Butler, Dr. Charles Terry Butler (1889-1980), Lydia Coit Dwight, and Louise Tracy Butler.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouise Terry Collins Butler's parents were Charles Collins (1817-1891) and Mary Collins (1820-1900) who were married in 1840 and wrote to each other often when he was traveling for his father (Charles Collins) and grandfather's (Amos Collins) dry goods business (A.M. Collins and Sons and then Collins Brothers \u0026amp; Sons) in St. Louis, Missouri, Collinsville, Illinois, Charleston, South Carolina and Hartford, Connecticut. Before he was married, he wrote often to his parents asking for permission to buy land in Illinois like his uncles (who were successful in settling in Collinsville, Illinois), but they believed this was a plot to get rich quick and encouraged him to stay in business, which he did. Family members have recalled that \"Charles Collins was a courteous gentleman, of an exceedingly attractive personality. He was a man of active mind and fluent speech.\" He was described as speaking with animation and eloquence in defending his beliefs. He did not attend college, but he was an enthusiastic advocate of new and rational theological thought. He and his wife Mary Hall Terry Collins \"were very much interested in the genealogic record of the Collins family. Mary Hall Terry Collins, was the daughter of Eliphalet Terry (famous for promoting Hartford Insurance Company after the great fire in New York in 1835) and the granddaughter of Judge Eliphalet Terry who was a County Court Judge and direct descendant of Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nLouise Butler's siblings were Lydia Coit Ketcham (1844-1936), Reverend Charles Terry Collins (1845-1883), Clarence Lyman Collins (1848-1922), and Arthur Morris Collins (1851-1861).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nReverend Charles Terry Collins, brother of Louise Collins Butler was a graduate of Yale during the American Civil War, and a Reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio.  In 1883, at the age of 38, the young minister on a visit home to see his father and mother, suddenly died in his father's arms as he got off the train. Family genealogy records describe the reverend after his death, \"The Cleveland journals regarded his death as \"not only a crushing private grief, but a public calamity.\" He was married to Mary Abby Wood. Their children were Charles Collins (b.1873), Clarence Collins (b. 1875), Mary Terry Collins (b. 1877), and Arthur Morris Collins (b.1880).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReverend Charles Collins' father, and Charles Terry Collins grandfather, Amos Morris Collins, was the son of William Collins (1760-1847) and Esther Morris Collins. Amos Collins built one of the first successful dry goods business in New England. It was called A. M. Collins \u0026amp; Sons. It was so successful that it was able to help the banks and other community members after the American Civil War. Amos Morris Collins' brothers, Augustus Collins, Anson Collins, Michael Collins, Frederick Collins, and William Collins bought land in Illinois, where they moved their business, and named the town Collinsville. Amos Collins stayed at the store in New Haven. Reverend Dr. Bushnell, who was a close friend of Amos Collins and minister of his church, wrote about him, \"There is almost nothing here that has not somehow felt his power, nothing good which has not somehow profited by his beneficence.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Butler, Collins, and Terry families descended from patriots of the American Revolutionary War and were members of the Daughters and Sons of the American Revolutionary War. The women in the collection, Harriet Allen Butler, Mary Russell Marshall Butler, Mary Lyman Collins, Lydia Coit Terry, Mary Hall Terry Collins, and Louise Terry Collins Butler played a prominent role in their households, were confidantes of their husbands, and maintained prominent social responsibilities. They were skilled in the orchestrations of sophisticated urban life and the hard work required for early American lifestyles. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese three families were raised with puritan upbringings which gave them a solid foundation of good principles but what is most notable is that they lived their lives with kindness and charity towards each other and their communities. This characterizes many of the letters in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection was donated by Leslie Middleton who is the granddaughter of Dr. Charles Terry Butler, and  great-granddaughter of Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1921) and William Allen Butler, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\nWood, Steven, \"The Writing of Steven Wood Collins:- Author of \"Puramore\", \"Lute of Pythagoras\", Steven Wood Collins Blog, Good Reads,,Published on May 26, 2015 \nhttps://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4524514.Steven_Wood_Collins/blog/tag/edward-collins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Full text of \"The Collins family; Genealogical record (in part) of the descendants of John Collins, Sr., from 1640 to 1760; a complete record of the descendants of William Collins and Esther Morris, from 1760 to 1897\", Internet Archive. retrieved 9/22/21 \nhttps://archive.org/stream/collinsfamilygen00coll/collinsfamilygen00coll_djvu.txt\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMoore, Ensley. \"The Collins Family and Connections.\" Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1908-1984) 12, no. 1 (1919): 58–70. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40187075.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eButler, William Allen, \"Retrospect of Forty Years, 1825-1865\", New York, Charles Scribner and Sons, 1911. (ebook, Google Books, University of California)\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=zYWAAAAAIAAJ\u0026amp;pg=PA16\u0026amp;lpg=PA16\u0026amp;dq=butler+family+descended+from+oliver+cromwell\u0026amp;source=bl\u0026amp;ots=QqeGyXq0YG\u0026amp;sig=ACfU3U0-GqeaWDdLQ65iXNnMmfjWODHZhw\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ved=2ahUKEwjm3bGqt5PzAhUXF1kFHaGKDZgQ6AF6BAghEAM#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=butler%20family%20descended%20from%20oliver%20cromwell\u0026amp;f=false\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["This collection is centered on three prominent New England families, the Butler family of \"Round Oak\" Yonkers, New York (and according to family history related to Oliver Cromwell), the Terry family of Hartford, Connecticut (who was related to Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock and came over on the Mayflower in 1620), and the Collins family of Hartford, and New Haven, Connecticut, (who were settlers of Collinsville Illinois during westward expansion) in nineteenth century America.","The collection has many references to the American Civil War, and major events of the nineteenth century. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who helped free enslaved persons and celebrated when Illinois won against becoming an enslaved state.","The Butler family begins in this collection with Benjamin Franklin Butler (1795-1858) who was the Attorney General of the United States (1833-1838), appointed by President Andrew Jackson and was also a legal partner of Martin Van Buren. He founded New York University in 1831 and was regarded as one of the most successful cross-examiners of his day. He was married to Harriet Allen Butler and they had nine children.","His son was William Allen Butler (1825-1902) who was a lawyer and popular author of many books and poems. His most famous satirical book, \"Nothing to Wear\" was published in \"Harper's Weekly\" in 1857. He contributed travel and comic writing to \"The Literary World\" and wrote for the \"Democratic Review\". He married Mary Russell Marshall in 1850 and they had nine children including William Allen Butler, Jr. (1856-1921) and Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934), a well-known painter. William Allen Butler was on the cover of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" in 1897. He died at his residence, Round Oak, in Yonkers, New York.","William Allen Butler, Jr. was an attorney in New York, president of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. He wrote law lectures and travelled to Europe for business. In 1840 he married Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1920) which joined the Terry, Collins, and Butler families together.  Louise Collins Butler wrote poetry, which is included in the collection.  They had five children, William Allen Butler, III, Lyman Collins Butler, Dr. Charles Terry Butler (1889-1980), Lydia Coit Dwight, and Louise Tracy Butler.","Louise Terry Collins Butler's parents were Charles Collins (1817-1891) and Mary Collins (1820-1900) who were married in 1840 and wrote to each other often when he was traveling for his father (Charles Collins) and grandfather's (Amos Collins) dry goods business (A.M. Collins and Sons and then Collins Brothers \u0026 Sons) in St. Louis, Missouri, Collinsville, Illinois, Charleston, South Carolina and Hartford, Connecticut. Before he was married, he wrote often to his parents asking for permission to buy land in Illinois like his uncles (who were successful in settling in Collinsville, Illinois), but they believed this was a plot to get rich quick and encouraged him to stay in business, which he did. Family members have recalled that \"Charles Collins was a courteous gentleman, of an exceedingly attractive personality. He was a man of active mind and fluent speech.\" He was described as speaking with animation and eloquence in defending his beliefs. He did not attend college, but he was an enthusiastic advocate of new and rational theological thought. He and his wife Mary Hall Terry Collins \"were very much interested in the genealogic record of the Collins family. Mary Hall Terry Collins, was the daughter of Eliphalet Terry (famous for promoting Hartford Insurance Company after the great fire in New York in 1835) and the granddaughter of Judge Eliphalet Terry who was a County Court Judge and direct descendant of Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock.","Louise Butler's siblings were Lydia Coit Ketcham (1844-1936), Reverend Charles Terry Collins (1845-1883), Clarence Lyman Collins (1848-1922), and Arthur Morris Collins (1851-1861).","Reverend Charles Terry Collins, brother of Louise Collins Butler was a graduate of Yale during the American Civil War, and a Reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio.  In 1883, at the age of 38, the young minister on a visit home to see his father and mother, suddenly died in his father's arms as he got off the train. Family genealogy records describe the reverend after his death, \"The Cleveland journals regarded his death as \"not only a crushing private grief, but a public calamity.\" He was married to Mary Abby Wood. Their children were Charles Collins (b.1873), Clarence Collins (b. 1875), Mary Terry Collins (b. 1877), and Arthur Morris Collins (b.1880).","Reverend Charles Collins' father, and Charles Terry Collins grandfather, Amos Morris Collins, was the son of William Collins (1760-1847) and Esther Morris Collins. Amos Collins built one of the first successful dry goods business in New England. It was called A. M. Collins \u0026 Sons. It was so successful that it was able to help the banks and other community members after the American Civil War. Amos Morris Collins' brothers, Augustus Collins, Anson Collins, Michael Collins, Frederick Collins, and William Collins bought land in Illinois, where they moved their business, and named the town Collinsville. Amos Collins stayed at the store in New Haven. Reverend Dr. Bushnell, who was a close friend of Amos Collins and minister of his church, wrote about him, \"There is almost nothing here that has not somehow felt his power, nothing good which has not somehow profited by his beneficence.\"","The Butler, Collins, and Terry families descended from patriots of the American Revolutionary War and were members of the Daughters and Sons of the American Revolutionary War. The women in the collection, Harriet Allen Butler, Mary Russell Marshall Butler, Mary Lyman Collins, Lydia Coit Terry, Mary Hall Terry Collins, and Louise Terry Collins Butler played a prominent role in their households, were confidantes of their husbands, and maintained prominent social responsibilities. They were skilled in the orchestrations of sophisticated urban life and the hard work required for early American lifestyles.","These three families were raised with puritan upbringings which gave them a solid foundation of good principles but what is most notable is that they lived their lives with kindness and charity towards each other and their communities. This characterizes many of the letters in this collection.","This collection was donated by Leslie Middleton who is the granddaughter of Dr. Charles Terry Butler, and  great-granddaughter of Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1921) and William Allen Butler, Jr.","Sources:\nWood, Steven, \"The Writing of Steven Wood Collins:- Author of \"Puramore\", \"Lute of Pythagoras\", Steven Wood Collins Blog, Good Reads,,Published on May 26, 2015 \nhttps://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4524514.Steven_Wood_Collins/blog/tag/edward-collins","\"Full text of \"The Collins family; Genealogical record (in part) of the descendants of John Collins, Sr., from 1640 to 1760; a complete record of the descendants of William Collins and Esther Morris, from 1760 to 1897\", Internet Archive. retrieved 9/22/21 \nhttps://archive.org/stream/collinsfamilygen00coll/collinsfamilygen00coll_djvu.txt","Moore, Ensley. \"The Collins Family and Connections.\" Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1908-1984) 12, no. 1 (1919): 58–70. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40187075.","Butler, William Allen, \"Retrospect of Forty Years, 1825-1865\", New York, Charles Scribner and Sons, 1911. (ebook, Google Books, University of California)\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=zYWAAAAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA16\u0026lpg=PA16\u0026dq=butler+family+descended+from+oliver+cromwell\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=QqeGyXq0YG\u0026sig=ACfU3U0-GqeaWDdLQ65iXNnMmfjWODHZhw\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjm3bGqt5PzAhUXF1kFHaGKDZgQ6AF6BAghEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=butler%20family%20descended%20from%20oliver%20cromwell\u0026f=false"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16447, William Allen Butler family papers (and related famlies Collins and Terry), Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16447, William Allen Butler family papers (and related famlies Collins and Terry), Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection depicts the family lives of three prominent New England families, the Butler, Collins, and Terry families from 1808 to 1920 consisting of 8.5 cubic feet, (17 document boxes). Their correspondence, genealogy, photographs, and journals compile a historical collection, vast in size and informative of American life in the nineteenth century. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt contains over three hundred letters written when family members were attending Yale or Princeton during the American Civil War. There are over four thousand letters which show the close relationships between the families and their strong religious faith. Descendants from Puritans, the families' letters reveal a gentle kindness and firm guidance, particularly from parents to their children and a strong nostalgia for each other's company. Letters about the loss of loved ones show grief and pain but also an accepting attitude towards death and a reassuring belief that the spirit reclaimed their loved ones. A few of the letters highlight rare events such as divorce and alcoholism. There are some letters describing westward expansion (to Illinois). The letters mention some of the major events of the nineteenth century as well as an opportunity to look through history and learn more about each one of the family members and their community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the members in these families made a name for themselves in the field of law. Benjamin Franklin Butler was the Attorney General of the United States and the law partner of Martin Van Buren under President Andrew Jackson and some of his papers are in this collection. He was also a founder of New York University. His son, William Allen Butler was also a well-respected attorney, President of the American Bar Association, and a prolific author and poet. His novel \"Nothing to Wear\" was known as a popular, classic satire. There is a bibliographic list of his books, and the publications can be found in our holdings. There is also a copy of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" where he is featured on the cover in 1897. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Allen Butler, Jr. was also an attorney in New England, President of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. Included in the collection are his lectures and rowing, fishing, and Princeton scrapbooks as well as his property books, and office and travel journals. He married Louise Terry Collins in 1884 bringing the Butler and Collins families together. There are letters from \"Will and Louise\" while he courted her for several years, but she wanted to maintain her independence a few years longer. She was also a poet and many of her lines of poetry are in the collection. Also included are their handwritten wedding vows and affectionate letters throughout their marriage. William Allen Butler, Jr. traveled to Europe often and sailed on the RMS Mauretania (the sister ship to the Lusitania that was sunk by a German torpedo). Louise Butler also traveled and there are letters written on stationery from the Hamburg-Amerika line. There are also letters from William Allen Butler, Jr. to and about his brother Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934) who was an American painter and founder of the American Fine Arts Society. There are also photographs in William Allen Butler, Jr.'s scrapbook, \"The Victoria Luise\" of men constructing the Panama Canal. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouise Terry Collins Butler's parents, Charles and Mary Hall Terry Collins also wrote to each other often during their courtship, married life, which included the time of the American Civil War. They also wrote letters about the \"Panic of 1857\"; the Midwest and the South, and politics. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who tried to help free enslaved persons and fought for Illinois to become a free state. The letters do not mention any details about enslaved persons but are more related to family and politics in general. The letters also describe travel to Collinsville, Illinois, Jacksonville, and St. Louis, Missouri, New Orleans, Louisiana, and Charleston South Carolina where Charles Collins Sr. attended to business for his family dry goods store in New England. Their son, Charles Terry Collins, Jr. wrote to them about the Civil War while he was a student at Yale. He attended Andover Theological Seminary and became a reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio. He exchanged letters with his parents and siblings every week usually on Sundays. Many of his letters have hand illustrated, intricate, and personal sketches that describe the contents of his letters. He expresses his honest feelings and self-doubts about schoolwork and preaching which he eventually masters. Their other son, Clarence Collins attended College Hill School in Poughkeepsie, New York and succeeded his father in his dry goods store, \"Collins, Kellog \u0026amp; Kerbe\" and \"Collins, Atwater \u0026amp; Whitten\" (Collins Brothers \u0026amp; Sons). He married (Marie) Louise Clark who divorced him, leaving the care of their little girl, Edith Collins, with his mother Mary Hall Terry Collins and his sisters, Lillie Collins Ketcham, and Louise Terry Collins Butler. Edith Collins later married (and divorced) a Turkish diplomat Rechid Bey (Count Czaykowsi) and became Countess Czaykowski who lived in Paris and there are letters from her in the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e There are scrapbooks, and journals documenting the lives of these intertwining members of these families. There are also extensive genealogy notes and family trees in the collection tracing their ancestors. There is an Oxford family bible (1851 Oxford University Press, England) with handwritten family names. Printed books on the families 'genealogies and novels written by William Allen Butler are in the printed part of our collections. There is information about the family being members of the Colonial Dames Society of the American Revolutionary War and the Sons and Daughters of the American Revolutionary War. There are also well identified photographs of the various members of these noted American families of Butler, Collins, and Terry. Some of their portraits are housed in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eIncluded is a letter from Edith Collins's husband Rechid Czaykowski written in french, undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeautiful valentine cards\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters are handsewn together.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to his mother are handsewn together.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome letters homesewn together. Piece of embroidery included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes letter from the President of Princeton University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also legal box 17.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Marshall Butler letters to Charles Henry \"Harry\" Butler about genealogy\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection depicts the family lives of three prominent New England families, the Butler, Collins, and Terry families from 1808 to 1920 consisting of 8.5 cubic feet, (17 document boxes). Their correspondence, genealogy, photographs, and journals compile a historical collection, vast in size and informative of American life in the nineteenth century.","It contains over three hundred letters written when family members were attending Yale or Princeton during the American Civil War. There are over four thousand letters which show the close relationships between the families and their strong religious faith. Descendants from Puritans, the families' letters reveal a gentle kindness and firm guidance, particularly from parents to their children and a strong nostalgia for each other's company. Letters about the loss of loved ones show grief and pain but also an accepting attitude towards death and a reassuring belief that the spirit reclaimed their loved ones. A few of the letters highlight rare events such as divorce and alcoholism. There are some letters describing westward expansion (to Illinois). The letters mention some of the major events of the nineteenth century as well as an opportunity to look through history and learn more about each one of the family members and their community.","Many of the members in these families made a name for themselves in the field of law. Benjamin Franklin Butler was the Attorney General of the United States and the law partner of Martin Van Buren under President Andrew Jackson and some of his papers are in this collection. He was also a founder of New York University. His son, William Allen Butler was also a well-respected attorney, President of the American Bar Association, and a prolific author and poet. His novel \"Nothing to Wear\" was known as a popular, classic satire. There is a bibliographic list of his books, and the publications can be found in our holdings. There is also a copy of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" where he is featured on the cover in 1897.","William Allen Butler, Jr. was also an attorney in New England, President of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. Included in the collection are his lectures and rowing, fishing, and Princeton scrapbooks as well as his property books, and office and travel journals. He married Louise Terry Collins in 1884 bringing the Butler and Collins families together. There are letters from \"Will and Louise\" while he courted her for several years, but she wanted to maintain her independence a few years longer. She was also a poet and many of her lines of poetry are in the collection. Also included are their handwritten wedding vows and affectionate letters throughout their marriage. William Allen Butler, Jr. traveled to Europe often and sailed on the RMS Mauretania (the sister ship to the Lusitania that was sunk by a German torpedo). Louise Butler also traveled and there are letters written on stationery from the Hamburg-Amerika line. There are also letters from William Allen Butler, Jr. to and about his brother Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934) who was an American painter and founder of the American Fine Arts Society. There are also photographs in William Allen Butler, Jr.'s scrapbook, \"The Victoria Luise\" of men constructing the Panama Canal.","Louise Terry Collins Butler's parents, Charles and Mary Hall Terry Collins also wrote to each other often during their courtship, married life, which included the time of the American Civil War. They also wrote letters about the \"Panic of 1857\"; the Midwest and the South, and politics. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who tried to help free enslaved persons and fought for Illinois to become a free state. The letters do not mention any details about enslaved persons but are more related to family and politics in general. The letters also describe travel to Collinsville, Illinois, Jacksonville, and St. Louis, Missouri, New Orleans, Louisiana, and Charleston South Carolina where Charles Collins Sr. attended to business for his family dry goods store in New England. Their son, Charles Terry Collins, Jr. wrote to them about the Civil War while he was a student at Yale. He attended Andover Theological Seminary and became a reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio. He exchanged letters with his parents and siblings every week usually on Sundays. Many of his letters have hand illustrated, intricate, and personal sketches that describe the contents of his letters. He expresses his honest feelings and self-doubts about schoolwork and preaching which he eventually masters. Their other son, Clarence Collins attended College Hill School in Poughkeepsie, New York and succeeded his father in his dry goods store, \"Collins, Kellog \u0026 Kerbe\" and \"Collins, Atwater \u0026 Whitten\" (Collins Brothers \u0026 Sons). He married (Marie) Louise Clark who divorced him, leaving the care of their little girl, Edith Collins, with his mother Mary Hall Terry Collins and his sisters, Lillie Collins Ketcham, and Louise Terry Collins Butler. Edith Collins later married (and divorced) a Turkish diplomat Rechid Bey (Count Czaykowsi) and became Countess Czaykowski who lived in Paris and there are letters from her in the collection.","There are scrapbooks, and journals documenting the lives of these intertwining members of these families. There are also extensive genealogy notes and family trees in the collection tracing their ancestors. There is an Oxford family bible (1851 Oxford University Press, England) with handwritten family names. Printed books on the families 'genealogies and novels written by William Allen Butler are in the printed part of our collections. There is information about the family being members of the Colonial Dames Society of the American Revolutionary War and the Sons and Daughters of the American Revolutionary War. There are also well identified photographs of the various members of these noted American families of Butler, Collins, and Terry. Some of their portraits are housed in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.","Included is a letter from Edith Collins's husband Rechid Czaykowski written in french, undated.","Beautiful valentine cards","Letters are handsewn together.","Letters to his mother are handsewn together.","Some letters homesewn together. Piece of embroidery included.","Includes letter from the President of Princeton University","See also legal box 17.","Mary Marshall Butler letters to Charles Henry \"Harry\" Butler about genealogy"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":265,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:29:38.998Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_921","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_921.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/126290","title_filing_ssi":"Butler, William Allen, family papers and related families","title_ssm":["William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families)"],"title_tesim":["William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1808-1959"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1808-1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1808/1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families), 1808/1959"],"text":["William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families), 1808/1959","MSS 16447","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/921","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks","This collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged into three series: Series 1. Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, Series 3. Notebooks, scrapbooks, photographs, and printed. The letters are arranged in chronological order under each family member. Correspondence between individuals is in separate folders because that was the original order of the collection.","This collection is centered on three prominent New England families, the Butler family of \"Round Oak\" Yonkers, New York (and according to family history related to Oliver Cromwell), the Terry family of Hartford, Connecticut (who was related to Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock and came over on the Mayflower in 1620), and the Collins family of Hartford, and New Haven, Connecticut, (who were settlers of Collinsville Illinois during westward expansion) in nineteenth century America.","The collection has many references to the American Civil War, and major events of the nineteenth century. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who helped free enslaved persons and celebrated when Illinois won against becoming an enslaved state.","The Butler family begins in this collection with Benjamin Franklin Butler (1795-1858) who was the Attorney General of the United States (1833-1838), appointed by President Andrew Jackson and was also a legal partner of Martin Van Buren. He founded New York University in 1831 and was regarded as one of the most successful cross-examiners of his day. He was married to Harriet Allen Butler and they had nine children.","His son was William Allen Butler (1825-1902) who was a lawyer and popular author of many books and poems. His most famous satirical book, \"Nothing to Wear\" was published in \"Harper's Weekly\" in 1857. He contributed travel and comic writing to \"The Literary World\" and wrote for the \"Democratic Review\". He married Mary Russell Marshall in 1850 and they had nine children including William Allen Butler, Jr. (1856-1921) and Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934), a well-known painter. William Allen Butler was on the cover of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" in 1897. He died at his residence, Round Oak, in Yonkers, New York.","William Allen Butler, Jr. was an attorney in New York, president of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. He wrote law lectures and travelled to Europe for business. In 1840 he married Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1920) which joined the Terry, Collins, and Butler families together.  Louise Collins Butler wrote poetry, which is included in the collection.  They had five children, William Allen Butler, III, Lyman Collins Butler, Dr. Charles Terry Butler (1889-1980), Lydia Coit Dwight, and Louise Tracy Butler.","Louise Terry Collins Butler's parents were Charles Collins (1817-1891) and Mary Collins (1820-1900) who were married in 1840 and wrote to each other often when he was traveling for his father (Charles Collins) and grandfather's (Amos Collins) dry goods business (A.M. Collins and Sons and then Collins Brothers \u0026 Sons) in St. Louis, Missouri, Collinsville, Illinois, Charleston, South Carolina and Hartford, Connecticut. Before he was married, he wrote often to his parents asking for permission to buy land in Illinois like his uncles (who were successful in settling in Collinsville, Illinois), but they believed this was a plot to get rich quick and encouraged him to stay in business, which he did. Family members have recalled that \"Charles Collins was a courteous gentleman, of an exceedingly attractive personality. He was a man of active mind and fluent speech.\" He was described as speaking with animation and eloquence in defending his beliefs. He did not attend college, but he was an enthusiastic advocate of new and rational theological thought. He and his wife Mary Hall Terry Collins \"were very much interested in the genealogic record of the Collins family. Mary Hall Terry Collins, was the daughter of Eliphalet Terry (famous for promoting Hartford Insurance Company after the great fire in New York in 1835) and the granddaughter of Judge Eliphalet Terry who was a County Court Judge and direct descendant of Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock.","Louise Butler's siblings were Lydia Coit Ketcham (1844-1936), Reverend Charles Terry Collins (1845-1883), Clarence Lyman Collins (1848-1922), and Arthur Morris Collins (1851-1861).","Reverend Charles Terry Collins, brother of Louise Collins Butler was a graduate of Yale during the American Civil War, and a Reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio.  In 1883, at the age of 38, the young minister on a visit home to see his father and mother, suddenly died in his father's arms as he got off the train. Family genealogy records describe the reverend after his death, \"The Cleveland journals regarded his death as \"not only a crushing private grief, but a public calamity.\" He was married to Mary Abby Wood. Their children were Charles Collins (b.1873), Clarence Collins (b. 1875), Mary Terry Collins (b. 1877), and Arthur Morris Collins (b.1880).","Reverend Charles Collins' father, and Charles Terry Collins grandfather, Amos Morris Collins, was the son of William Collins (1760-1847) and Esther Morris Collins. Amos Collins built one of the first successful dry goods business in New England. It was called A. M. Collins \u0026 Sons. It was so successful that it was able to help the banks and other community members after the American Civil War. Amos Morris Collins' brothers, Augustus Collins, Anson Collins, Michael Collins, Frederick Collins, and William Collins bought land in Illinois, where they moved their business, and named the town Collinsville. Amos Collins stayed at the store in New Haven. Reverend Dr. Bushnell, who was a close friend of Amos Collins and minister of his church, wrote about him, \"There is almost nothing here that has not somehow felt his power, nothing good which has not somehow profited by his beneficence.\"","The Butler, Collins, and Terry families descended from patriots of the American Revolutionary War and were members of the Daughters and Sons of the American Revolutionary War. The women in the collection, Harriet Allen Butler, Mary Russell Marshall Butler, Mary Lyman Collins, Lydia Coit Terry, Mary Hall Terry Collins, and Louise Terry Collins Butler played a prominent role in their households, were confidantes of their husbands, and maintained prominent social responsibilities. They were skilled in the orchestrations of sophisticated urban life and the hard work required for early American lifestyles.","These three families were raised with puritan upbringings which gave them a solid foundation of good principles but what is most notable is that they lived their lives with kindness and charity towards each other and their communities. This characterizes many of the letters in this collection.","This collection was donated by Leslie Middleton who is the granddaughter of Dr. Charles Terry Butler, and  great-granddaughter of Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1921) and William Allen Butler, Jr.","Sources:\nWood, Steven, \"The Writing of Steven Wood Collins:- Author of \"Puramore\", \"Lute of Pythagoras\", Steven Wood Collins Blog, Good Reads,,Published on May 26, 2015 \nhttps://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4524514.Steven_Wood_Collins/blog/tag/edward-collins","\"Full text of \"The Collins family; Genealogical record (in part) of the descendants of John Collins, Sr., from 1640 to 1760; a complete record of the descendants of William Collins and Esther Morris, from 1760 to 1897\", Internet Archive. retrieved 9/22/21 \nhttps://archive.org/stream/collinsfamilygen00coll/collinsfamilygen00coll_djvu.txt","Moore, Ensley. \"The Collins Family and Connections.\" Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1908-1984) 12, no. 1 (1919): 58–70. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40187075.","Butler, William Allen, \"Retrospect of Forty Years, 1825-1865\", New York, Charles Scribner and Sons, 1911. (ebook, Google Books, University of California)\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=zYWAAAAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA16\u0026lpg=PA16\u0026dq=butler+family+descended+from+oliver+cromwell\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=QqeGyXq0YG\u0026sig=ACfU3U0-GqeaWDdLQ65iXNnMmfjWODHZhw\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjm3bGqt5PzAhUXF1kFHaGKDZgQ6AF6BAghEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=butler%20family%20descended%20from%20oliver%20cromwell\u0026f=false","This collection depicts the family lives of three prominent New England families, the Butler, Collins, and Terry families from 1808 to 1920 consisting of 8.5 cubic feet, (17 document boxes). Their correspondence, genealogy, photographs, and journals compile a historical collection, vast in size and informative of American life in the nineteenth century.","It contains over three hundred letters written when family members were attending Yale or Princeton during the American Civil War. There are over four thousand letters which show the close relationships between the families and their strong religious faith. Descendants from Puritans, the families' letters reveal a gentle kindness and firm guidance, particularly from parents to their children and a strong nostalgia for each other's company. Letters about the loss of loved ones show grief and pain but also an accepting attitude towards death and a reassuring belief that the spirit reclaimed their loved ones. A few of the letters highlight rare events such as divorce and alcoholism. There are some letters describing westward expansion (to Illinois). The letters mention some of the major events of the nineteenth century as well as an opportunity to look through history and learn more about each one of the family members and their community.","Many of the members in these families made a name for themselves in the field of law. Benjamin Franklin Butler was the Attorney General of the United States and the law partner of Martin Van Buren under President Andrew Jackson and some of his papers are in this collection. He was also a founder of New York University. His son, William Allen Butler was also a well-respected attorney, President of the American Bar Association, and a prolific author and poet. His novel \"Nothing to Wear\" was known as a popular, classic satire. There is a bibliographic list of his books, and the publications can be found in our holdings. There is also a copy of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" where he is featured on the cover in 1897.","William Allen Butler, Jr. was also an attorney in New England, President of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. Included in the collection are his lectures and rowing, fishing, and Princeton scrapbooks as well as his property books, and office and travel journals. He married Louise Terry Collins in 1884 bringing the Butler and Collins families together. There are letters from \"Will and Louise\" while he courted her for several years, but she wanted to maintain her independence a few years longer. She was also a poet and many of her lines of poetry are in the collection. Also included are their handwritten wedding vows and affectionate letters throughout their marriage. William Allen Butler, Jr. traveled to Europe often and sailed on the RMS Mauretania (the sister ship to the Lusitania that was sunk by a German torpedo). Louise Butler also traveled and there are letters written on stationery from the Hamburg-Amerika line. There are also letters from William Allen Butler, Jr. to and about his brother Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934) who was an American painter and founder of the American Fine Arts Society. There are also photographs in William Allen Butler, Jr.'s scrapbook, \"The Victoria Luise\" of men constructing the Panama Canal.","Louise Terry Collins Butler's parents, Charles and Mary Hall Terry Collins also wrote to each other often during their courtship, married life, which included the time of the American Civil War. They also wrote letters about the \"Panic of 1857\"; the Midwest and the South, and politics. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who tried to help free enslaved persons and fought for Illinois to become a free state. The letters do not mention any details about enslaved persons but are more related to family and politics in general. The letters also describe travel to Collinsville, Illinois, Jacksonville, and St. Louis, Missouri, New Orleans, Louisiana, and Charleston South Carolina where Charles Collins Sr. attended to business for his family dry goods store in New England. Their son, Charles Terry Collins, Jr. wrote to them about the Civil War while he was a student at Yale. He attended Andover Theological Seminary and became a reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio. He exchanged letters with his parents and siblings every week usually on Sundays. Many of his letters have hand illustrated, intricate, and personal sketches that describe the contents of his letters. He expresses his honest feelings and self-doubts about schoolwork and preaching which he eventually masters. Their other son, Clarence Collins attended College Hill School in Poughkeepsie, New York and succeeded his father in his dry goods store, \"Collins, Kellog \u0026 Kerbe\" and \"Collins, Atwater \u0026 Whitten\" (Collins Brothers \u0026 Sons). He married (Marie) Louise Clark who divorced him, leaving the care of their little girl, Edith Collins, with his mother Mary Hall Terry Collins and his sisters, Lillie Collins Ketcham, and Louise Terry Collins Butler. Edith Collins later married (and divorced) a Turkish diplomat Rechid Bey (Count Czaykowsi) and became Countess Czaykowski who lived in Paris and there are letters from her in the collection.","There are scrapbooks, and journals documenting the lives of these intertwining members of these families. There are also extensive genealogy notes and family trees in the collection tracing their ancestors. There is an Oxford family bible (1851 Oxford University Press, England) with handwritten family names. Printed books on the families 'genealogies and novels written by William Allen Butler are in the printed part of our collections. There is information about the family being members of the Colonial Dames Society of the American Revolutionary War and the Sons and Daughters of the American Revolutionary War. There are also well identified photographs of the various members of these noted American families of Butler, Collins, and Terry. Some of their portraits are housed in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.","Included is a letter from Edith Collins's husband Rechid Czaykowski written in french, undated.","Beautiful valentine cards","Letters are handsewn together.","Letters to his mother are handsewn together.","Some letters homesewn together. Piece of embroidery included.","Includes letter from the President of Princeton University","See also legal box 17.","Mary Marshall Butler letters to Charles Henry \"Harry\" Butler about genealogy","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families), 1808/1959"],"collection_ssim":["William Allen Butler family papers (and related Terry, Collins families), 1808/1959"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16447","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous 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Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"access_subjects_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.5 Cubic Feet 17 document boxes, oversize folders and enclosures"],"extent_tesim":["8.5 Cubic Feet 17 document boxes, oversize folders and enclosures"],"physfacet_tesim":["Family correspondence, genealogy, printed items, photographs and scrapbooks"],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into three series: Series 1. Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, Series 3. Notebooks, scrapbooks, photographs, and printed. The letters are arranged in chronological order under each family member. Correspondence between individuals is in separate folders because that was the original order of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into three series: Series 1. Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, Series 3. Notebooks, scrapbooks, photographs, and printed. The letters are arranged in chronological order under each family member. Correspondence between individuals is in separate folders because that was the original order of the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is centered on three prominent New England families, the Butler family of \"Round Oak\" Yonkers, New York (and according to family history related to Oliver Cromwell), the Terry family of Hartford, Connecticut (who was related to Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock and came over on the Mayflower in 1620), and the Collins family of Hartford, and New Haven, Connecticut, (who were settlers of Collinsville Illinois during westward expansion) in nineteenth century America.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection has many references to the American Civil War, and major events of the nineteenth century. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who helped free enslaved persons and celebrated when Illinois won against becoming an enslaved state.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Butler family begins in this collection with Benjamin Franklin Butler (1795-1858) who was the Attorney General of the United States (1833-1838), appointed by President Andrew Jackson and was also a legal partner of Martin Van Buren. He founded New York University in 1831 and was regarded as one of the most successful cross-examiners of his day. He was married to Harriet Allen Butler and they had nine children. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis son was William Allen Butler (1825-1902) who was a lawyer and popular author of many books and poems. His most famous satirical book, \"Nothing to Wear\" was published in \"Harper's Weekly\" in 1857. He contributed travel and comic writing to \"The Literary World\" and wrote for the \"Democratic Review\". He married Mary Russell Marshall in 1850 and they had nine children including William Allen Butler, Jr. (1856-1921) and Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934), a well-known painter. William Allen Butler was on the cover of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" in 1897. He died at his residence, Round Oak, in Yonkers, New York. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Allen Butler, Jr. was an attorney in New York, president of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. He wrote law lectures and travelled to Europe for business. In 1840 he married Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1920) which joined the Terry, Collins, and Butler families together.  Louise Collins Butler wrote poetry, which is included in the collection.  They had five children, William Allen Butler, III, Lyman Collins Butler, Dr. Charles Terry Butler (1889-1980), Lydia Coit Dwight, and Louise Tracy Butler.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouise Terry Collins Butler's parents were Charles Collins (1817-1891) and Mary Collins (1820-1900) who were married in 1840 and wrote to each other often when he was traveling for his father (Charles Collins) and grandfather's (Amos Collins) dry goods business (A.M. Collins and Sons and then Collins Brothers \u0026amp; Sons) in St. Louis, Missouri, Collinsville, Illinois, Charleston, South Carolina and Hartford, Connecticut. Before he was married, he wrote often to his parents asking for permission to buy land in Illinois like his uncles (who were successful in settling in Collinsville, Illinois), but they believed this was a plot to get rich quick and encouraged him to stay in business, which he did. Family members have recalled that \"Charles Collins was a courteous gentleman, of an exceedingly attractive personality. He was a man of active mind and fluent speech.\" He was described as speaking with animation and eloquence in defending his beliefs. He did not attend college, but he was an enthusiastic advocate of new and rational theological thought. He and his wife Mary Hall Terry Collins \"were very much interested in the genealogic record of the Collins family. Mary Hall Terry Collins, was the daughter of Eliphalet Terry (famous for promoting Hartford Insurance Company after the great fire in New York in 1835) and the granddaughter of Judge Eliphalet Terry who was a County Court Judge and direct descendant of Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nLouise Butler's siblings were Lydia Coit Ketcham (1844-1936), Reverend Charles Terry Collins (1845-1883), Clarence Lyman Collins (1848-1922), and Arthur Morris Collins (1851-1861).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nReverend Charles Terry Collins, brother of Louise Collins Butler was a graduate of Yale during the American Civil War, and a Reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio.  In 1883, at the age of 38, the young minister on a visit home to see his father and mother, suddenly died in his father's arms as he got off the train. Family genealogy records describe the reverend after his death, \"The Cleveland journals regarded his death as \"not only a crushing private grief, but a public calamity.\" He was married to Mary Abby Wood. Their children were Charles Collins (b.1873), Clarence Collins (b. 1875), Mary Terry Collins (b. 1877), and Arthur Morris Collins (b.1880).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReverend Charles Collins' father, and Charles Terry Collins grandfather, Amos Morris Collins, was the son of William Collins (1760-1847) and Esther Morris Collins. Amos Collins built one of the first successful dry goods business in New England. It was called A. M. Collins \u0026amp; Sons. It was so successful that it was able to help the banks and other community members after the American Civil War. Amos Morris Collins' brothers, Augustus Collins, Anson Collins, Michael Collins, Frederick Collins, and William Collins bought land in Illinois, where they moved their business, and named the town Collinsville. Amos Collins stayed at the store in New Haven. Reverend Dr. Bushnell, who was a close friend of Amos Collins and minister of his church, wrote about him, \"There is almost nothing here that has not somehow felt his power, nothing good which has not somehow profited by his beneficence.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Butler, Collins, and Terry families descended from patriots of the American Revolutionary War and were members of the Daughters and Sons of the American Revolutionary War. The women in the collection, Harriet Allen Butler, Mary Russell Marshall Butler, Mary Lyman Collins, Lydia Coit Terry, Mary Hall Terry Collins, and Louise Terry Collins Butler played a prominent role in their households, were confidantes of their husbands, and maintained prominent social responsibilities. They were skilled in the orchestrations of sophisticated urban life and the hard work required for early American lifestyles. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese three families were raised with puritan upbringings which gave them a solid foundation of good principles but what is most notable is that they lived their lives with kindness and charity towards each other and their communities. This characterizes many of the letters in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection was donated by Leslie Middleton who is the granddaughter of Dr. Charles Terry Butler, and  great-granddaughter of Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1921) and William Allen Butler, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\nWood, Steven, \"The Writing of Steven Wood Collins:- Author of \"Puramore\", \"Lute of Pythagoras\", Steven Wood Collins Blog, Good Reads,,Published on May 26, 2015 \nhttps://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4524514.Steven_Wood_Collins/blog/tag/edward-collins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Full text of \"The Collins family; Genealogical record (in part) of the descendants of John Collins, Sr., from 1640 to 1760; a complete record of the descendants of William Collins and Esther Morris, from 1760 to 1897\", Internet Archive. retrieved 9/22/21 \nhttps://archive.org/stream/collinsfamilygen00coll/collinsfamilygen00coll_djvu.txt\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMoore, Ensley. \"The Collins Family and Connections.\" Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1908-1984) 12, no. 1 (1919): 58–70. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40187075.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eButler, William Allen, \"Retrospect of Forty Years, 1825-1865\", New York, Charles Scribner and Sons, 1911. (ebook, Google Books, University of California)\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=zYWAAAAAIAAJ\u0026amp;pg=PA16\u0026amp;lpg=PA16\u0026amp;dq=butler+family+descended+from+oliver+cromwell\u0026amp;source=bl\u0026amp;ots=QqeGyXq0YG\u0026amp;sig=ACfU3U0-GqeaWDdLQ65iXNnMmfjWODHZhw\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ved=2ahUKEwjm3bGqt5PzAhUXF1kFHaGKDZgQ6AF6BAghEAM#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=butler%20family%20descended%20from%20oliver%20cromwell\u0026amp;f=false\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["This collection is centered on three prominent New England families, the Butler family of \"Round Oak\" Yonkers, New York (and according to family history related to Oliver Cromwell), the Terry family of Hartford, Connecticut (who was related to Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock and came over on the Mayflower in 1620), and the Collins family of Hartford, and New Haven, Connecticut, (who were settlers of Collinsville Illinois during westward expansion) in nineteenth century America.","The collection has many references to the American Civil War, and major events of the nineteenth century. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who helped free enslaved persons and celebrated when Illinois won against becoming an enslaved state.","The Butler family begins in this collection with Benjamin Franklin Butler (1795-1858) who was the Attorney General of the United States (1833-1838), appointed by President Andrew Jackson and was also a legal partner of Martin Van Buren. He founded New York University in 1831 and was regarded as one of the most successful cross-examiners of his day. He was married to Harriet Allen Butler and they had nine children.","His son was William Allen Butler (1825-1902) who was a lawyer and popular author of many books and poems. His most famous satirical book, \"Nothing to Wear\" was published in \"Harper's Weekly\" in 1857. He contributed travel and comic writing to \"The Literary World\" and wrote for the \"Democratic Review\". He married Mary Russell Marshall in 1850 and they had nine children including William Allen Butler, Jr. (1856-1921) and Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934), a well-known painter. William Allen Butler was on the cover of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" in 1897. He died at his residence, Round Oak, in Yonkers, New York.","William Allen Butler, Jr. was an attorney in New York, president of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. He wrote law lectures and travelled to Europe for business. In 1840 he married Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1920) which joined the Terry, Collins, and Butler families together.  Louise Collins Butler wrote poetry, which is included in the collection.  They had five children, William Allen Butler, III, Lyman Collins Butler, Dr. Charles Terry Butler (1889-1980), Lydia Coit Dwight, and Louise Tracy Butler.","Louise Terry Collins Butler's parents were Charles Collins (1817-1891) and Mary Collins (1820-1900) who were married in 1840 and wrote to each other often when he was traveling for his father (Charles Collins) and grandfather's (Amos Collins) dry goods business (A.M. Collins and Sons and then Collins Brothers \u0026 Sons) in St. Louis, Missouri, Collinsville, Illinois, Charleston, South Carolina and Hartford, Connecticut. Before he was married, he wrote often to his parents asking for permission to buy land in Illinois like his uncles (who were successful in settling in Collinsville, Illinois), but they believed this was a plot to get rich quick and encouraged him to stay in business, which he did. Family members have recalled that \"Charles Collins was a courteous gentleman, of an exceedingly attractive personality. He was a man of active mind and fluent speech.\" He was described as speaking with animation and eloquence in defending his beliefs. He did not attend college, but he was an enthusiastic advocate of new and rational theological thought. He and his wife Mary Hall Terry Collins \"were very much interested in the genealogic record of the Collins family. Mary Hall Terry Collins, was the daughter of Eliphalet Terry (famous for promoting Hartford Insurance Company after the great fire in New York in 1835) and the granddaughter of Judge Eliphalet Terry who was a County Court Judge and direct descendant of Governor William Bradford of Plymouth Rock.","Louise Butler's siblings were Lydia Coit Ketcham (1844-1936), Reverend Charles Terry Collins (1845-1883), Clarence Lyman Collins (1848-1922), and Arthur Morris Collins (1851-1861).","Reverend Charles Terry Collins, brother of Louise Collins Butler was a graduate of Yale during the American Civil War, and a Reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio.  In 1883, at the age of 38, the young minister on a visit home to see his father and mother, suddenly died in his father's arms as he got off the train. Family genealogy records describe the reverend after his death, \"The Cleveland journals regarded his death as \"not only a crushing private grief, but a public calamity.\" He was married to Mary Abby Wood. Their children were Charles Collins (b.1873), Clarence Collins (b. 1875), Mary Terry Collins (b. 1877), and Arthur Morris Collins (b.1880).","Reverend Charles Collins' father, and Charles Terry Collins grandfather, Amos Morris Collins, was the son of William Collins (1760-1847) and Esther Morris Collins. Amos Collins built one of the first successful dry goods business in New England. It was called A. M. Collins \u0026 Sons. It was so successful that it was able to help the banks and other community members after the American Civil War. Amos Morris Collins' brothers, Augustus Collins, Anson Collins, Michael Collins, Frederick Collins, and William Collins bought land in Illinois, where they moved their business, and named the town Collinsville. Amos Collins stayed at the store in New Haven. Reverend Dr. Bushnell, who was a close friend of Amos Collins and minister of his church, wrote about him, \"There is almost nothing here that has not somehow felt his power, nothing good which has not somehow profited by his beneficence.\"","The Butler, Collins, and Terry families descended from patriots of the American Revolutionary War and were members of the Daughters and Sons of the American Revolutionary War. The women in the collection, Harriet Allen Butler, Mary Russell Marshall Butler, Mary Lyman Collins, Lydia Coit Terry, Mary Hall Terry Collins, and Louise Terry Collins Butler played a prominent role in their households, were confidantes of their husbands, and maintained prominent social responsibilities. They were skilled in the orchestrations of sophisticated urban life and the hard work required for early American lifestyles.","These three families were raised with puritan upbringings which gave them a solid foundation of good principles but what is most notable is that they lived their lives with kindness and charity towards each other and their communities. This characterizes many of the letters in this collection.","This collection was donated by Leslie Middleton who is the granddaughter of Dr. Charles Terry Butler, and  great-granddaughter of Louise Terry Collins Butler (1856-1921) and William Allen Butler, Jr.","Sources:\nWood, Steven, \"The Writing of Steven Wood Collins:- Author of \"Puramore\", \"Lute of Pythagoras\", Steven Wood Collins Blog, Good Reads,,Published on May 26, 2015 \nhttps://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4524514.Steven_Wood_Collins/blog/tag/edward-collins","\"Full text of \"The Collins family; Genealogical record (in part) of the descendants of John Collins, Sr., from 1640 to 1760; a complete record of the descendants of William Collins and Esther Morris, from 1760 to 1897\", Internet Archive. retrieved 9/22/21 \nhttps://archive.org/stream/collinsfamilygen00coll/collinsfamilygen00coll_djvu.txt","Moore, Ensley. \"The Collins Family and Connections.\" Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1908-1984) 12, no. 1 (1919): 58–70. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40187075.","Butler, William Allen, \"Retrospect of Forty Years, 1825-1865\", New York, Charles Scribner and Sons, 1911. (ebook, Google Books, University of California)\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=zYWAAAAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA16\u0026lpg=PA16\u0026dq=butler+family+descended+from+oliver+cromwell\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=QqeGyXq0YG\u0026sig=ACfU3U0-GqeaWDdLQ65iXNnMmfjWODHZhw\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjm3bGqt5PzAhUXF1kFHaGKDZgQ6AF6BAghEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=butler%20family%20descended%20from%20oliver%20cromwell\u0026f=false"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16447, William Allen Butler family papers (and related famlies Collins and Terry), Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16447, William Allen Butler family papers (and related famlies Collins and Terry), Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection depicts the family lives of three prominent New England families, the Butler, Collins, and Terry families from 1808 to 1920 consisting of 8.5 cubic feet, (17 document boxes). Their correspondence, genealogy, photographs, and journals compile a historical collection, vast in size and informative of American life in the nineteenth century. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt contains over three hundred letters written when family members were attending Yale or Princeton during the American Civil War. There are over four thousand letters which show the close relationships between the families and their strong religious faith. Descendants from Puritans, the families' letters reveal a gentle kindness and firm guidance, particularly from parents to their children and a strong nostalgia for each other's company. Letters about the loss of loved ones show grief and pain but also an accepting attitude towards death and a reassuring belief that the spirit reclaimed their loved ones. A few of the letters highlight rare events such as divorce and alcoholism. There are some letters describing westward expansion (to Illinois). The letters mention some of the major events of the nineteenth century as well as an opportunity to look through history and learn more about each one of the family members and their community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the members in these families made a name for themselves in the field of law. Benjamin Franklin Butler was the Attorney General of the United States and the law partner of Martin Van Buren under President Andrew Jackson and some of his papers are in this collection. He was also a founder of New York University. His son, William Allen Butler was also a well-respected attorney, President of the American Bar Association, and a prolific author and poet. His novel \"Nothing to Wear\" was known as a popular, classic satire. There is a bibliographic list of his books, and the publications can be found in our holdings. There is also a copy of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" where he is featured on the cover in 1897. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Allen Butler, Jr. was also an attorney in New England, President of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. Included in the collection are his lectures and rowing, fishing, and Princeton scrapbooks as well as his property books, and office and travel journals. He married Louise Terry Collins in 1884 bringing the Butler and Collins families together. There are letters from \"Will and Louise\" while he courted her for several years, but she wanted to maintain her independence a few years longer. She was also a poet and many of her lines of poetry are in the collection. Also included are their handwritten wedding vows and affectionate letters throughout their marriage. William Allen Butler, Jr. traveled to Europe often and sailed on the RMS Mauretania (the sister ship to the Lusitania that was sunk by a German torpedo). Louise Butler also traveled and there are letters written on stationery from the Hamburg-Amerika line. There are also letters from William Allen Butler, Jr. to and about his brother Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934) who was an American painter and founder of the American Fine Arts Society. There are also photographs in William Allen Butler, Jr.'s scrapbook, \"The Victoria Luise\" of men constructing the Panama Canal. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouise Terry Collins Butler's parents, Charles and Mary Hall Terry Collins also wrote to each other often during their courtship, married life, which included the time of the American Civil War. They also wrote letters about the \"Panic of 1857\"; the Midwest and the South, and politics. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who tried to help free enslaved persons and fought for Illinois to become a free state. The letters do not mention any details about enslaved persons but are more related to family and politics in general. The letters also describe travel to Collinsville, Illinois, Jacksonville, and St. Louis, Missouri, New Orleans, Louisiana, and Charleston South Carolina where Charles Collins Sr. attended to business for his family dry goods store in New England. Their son, Charles Terry Collins, Jr. wrote to them about the Civil War while he was a student at Yale. He attended Andover Theological Seminary and became a reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio. He exchanged letters with his parents and siblings every week usually on Sundays. Many of his letters have hand illustrated, intricate, and personal sketches that describe the contents of his letters. He expresses his honest feelings and self-doubts about schoolwork and preaching which he eventually masters. Their other son, Clarence Collins attended College Hill School in Poughkeepsie, New York and succeeded his father in his dry goods store, \"Collins, Kellog \u0026amp; Kerbe\" and \"Collins, Atwater \u0026amp; Whitten\" (Collins Brothers \u0026amp; Sons). He married (Marie) Louise Clark who divorced him, leaving the care of their little girl, Edith Collins, with his mother Mary Hall Terry Collins and his sisters, Lillie Collins Ketcham, and Louise Terry Collins Butler. Edith Collins later married (and divorced) a Turkish diplomat Rechid Bey (Count Czaykowsi) and became Countess Czaykowski who lived in Paris and there are letters from her in the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e There are scrapbooks, and journals documenting the lives of these intertwining members of these families. There are also extensive genealogy notes and family trees in the collection tracing their ancestors. There is an Oxford family bible (1851 Oxford University Press, England) with handwritten family names. Printed books on the families 'genealogies and novels written by William Allen Butler are in the printed part of our collections. There is information about the family being members of the Colonial Dames Society of the American Revolutionary War and the Sons and Daughters of the American Revolutionary War. There are also well identified photographs of the various members of these noted American families of Butler, Collins, and Terry. Some of their portraits are housed in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eIncluded is a letter from Edith Collins's husband Rechid Czaykowski written in french, undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeautiful valentine cards\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters are handsewn together.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to his mother are handsewn together.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome letters homesewn together. Piece of embroidery included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes letter from the President of Princeton University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also legal box 17.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Marshall Butler letters to Charles Henry \"Harry\" Butler about genealogy\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection depicts the family lives of three prominent New England families, the Butler, Collins, and Terry families from 1808 to 1920 consisting of 8.5 cubic feet, (17 document boxes). Their correspondence, genealogy, photographs, and journals compile a historical collection, vast in size and informative of American life in the nineteenth century.","It contains over three hundred letters written when family members were attending Yale or Princeton during the American Civil War. There are over four thousand letters which show the close relationships between the families and their strong religious faith. Descendants from Puritans, the families' letters reveal a gentle kindness and firm guidance, particularly from parents to their children and a strong nostalgia for each other's company. Letters about the loss of loved ones show grief and pain but also an accepting attitude towards death and a reassuring belief that the spirit reclaimed their loved ones. A few of the letters highlight rare events such as divorce and alcoholism. There are some letters describing westward expansion (to Illinois). The letters mention some of the major events of the nineteenth century as well as an opportunity to look through history and learn more about each one of the family members and their community.","Many of the members in these families made a name for themselves in the field of law. Benjamin Franklin Butler was the Attorney General of the United States and the law partner of Martin Van Buren under President Andrew Jackson and some of his papers are in this collection. He was also a founder of New York University. His son, William Allen Butler was also a well-respected attorney, President of the American Bar Association, and a prolific author and poet. His novel \"Nothing to Wear\" was known as a popular, classic satire. There is a bibliographic list of his books, and the publications can be found in our holdings. There is also a copy of the \"New York Times Illustrated Weekly\" where he is featured on the cover in 1897.","William Allen Butler, Jr. was also an attorney in New England, President of the Lawyer Club, and a graduate of Princeton University. Included in the collection are his lectures and rowing, fishing, and Princeton scrapbooks as well as his property books, and office and travel journals. He married Louise Terry Collins in 1884 bringing the Butler and Collins families together. There are letters from \"Will and Louise\" while he courted her for several years, but she wanted to maintain her independence a few years longer. She was also a poet and many of her lines of poetry are in the collection. Also included are their handwritten wedding vows and affectionate letters throughout their marriage. William Allen Butler, Jr. traveled to Europe often and sailed on the RMS Mauretania (the sister ship to the Lusitania that was sunk by a German torpedo). Louise Butler also traveled and there are letters written on stationery from the Hamburg-Amerika line. There are also letters from William Allen Butler, Jr. to and about his brother Howard Russell Butler (1856-1934) who was an American painter and founder of the American Fine Arts Society. There are also photographs in William Allen Butler, Jr.'s scrapbook, \"The Victoria Luise\" of men constructing the Panama Canal.","Louise Terry Collins Butler's parents, Charles and Mary Hall Terry Collins also wrote to each other often during their courtship, married life, which included the time of the American Civil War. They also wrote letters about the \"Panic of 1857\"; the Midwest and the South, and politics. The Collins family were strong abolitionists who tried to help free enslaved persons and fought for Illinois to become a free state. The letters do not mention any details about enslaved persons but are more related to family and politics in general. The letters also describe travel to Collinsville, Illinois, Jacksonville, and St. Louis, Missouri, New Orleans, Louisiana, and Charleston South Carolina where Charles Collins Sr. attended to business for his family dry goods store in New England. Their son, Charles Terry Collins, Jr. wrote to them about the Civil War while he was a student at Yale. He attended Andover Theological Seminary and became a reverend at Plymouth Church in Cleveland, Ohio. He exchanged letters with his parents and siblings every week usually on Sundays. Many of his letters have hand illustrated, intricate, and personal sketches that describe the contents of his letters. He expresses his honest feelings and self-doubts about schoolwork and preaching which he eventually masters. Their other son, Clarence Collins attended College Hill School in Poughkeepsie, New York and succeeded his father in his dry goods store, \"Collins, Kellog \u0026 Kerbe\" and \"Collins, Atwater \u0026 Whitten\" (Collins Brothers \u0026 Sons). He married (Marie) Louise Clark who divorced him, leaving the care of their little girl, Edith Collins, with his mother Mary Hall Terry Collins and his sisters, Lillie Collins Ketcham, and Louise Terry Collins Butler. Edith Collins later married (and divorced) a Turkish diplomat Rechid Bey (Count Czaykowsi) and became Countess Czaykowski who lived in Paris and there are letters from her in the collection.","There are scrapbooks, and journals documenting the lives of these intertwining members of these families. There are also extensive genealogy notes and family trees in the collection tracing their ancestors. There is an Oxford family bible (1851 Oxford University Press, England) with handwritten family names. Printed books on the families 'genealogies and novels written by William Allen Butler are in the printed part of our collections. There is information about the family being members of the Colonial Dames Society of the American Revolutionary War and the Sons and Daughters of the American Revolutionary War. There are also well identified photographs of the various members of these noted American families of Butler, Collins, and Terry. Some of their portraits are housed in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.","Included is a letter from Edith Collins's husband Rechid Czaykowski written in french, undated.","Beautiful valentine cards","Letters are handsewn together.","Letters to his mother are handsewn together.","Some letters homesewn together. Piece of embroidery included.","Includes letter from the President of Princeton University","See also legal box 17.","Mary Marshall Butler letters to Charles Henry \"Harry\" Butler about genealogy"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":265,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:29:38.998Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_921"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers, 1794/1958","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Papers of Alexander Smith and George W. Brown. The Smith papers are letters and receipts, 1794-1814, and include a letter from N. Suter commenting on a naval battle of the War of 1812, current prices, government, and business conditions and receipts for the payment for slaves. The Brown letters, 1870-1886, concern a gift to West Virginia University, marriage, and payment of land taxes. Correspondents or persons mentioned include Alexander Martin and John W. Mason. Receipts, 1881-1894, are for taxes paid by the Brown, Miller and Co. Also included are certificates of appointment and commissions, 1858-1921, for Virginia Militia, Quartermaster General and Adjutant General of the state of West Virginia, the Collector of Internal Revenue, the U.S. Army Officers' Reserve Corps, the National Guard, and a membership certificate for the Society of the Army of West Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5695.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198832","title_ssm":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers"],"title_tesim":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1794-1958"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1794-1958"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1794/1958"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers, 1794/1958"],"text":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers, 1794/1958","A\u0026M 1973","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5695","United States -- History -- War of 1812","Militia - Virginia - Quartermaster General.","Militia - Virginia.","Militia","Slaves and slavery.","Taxation","Veterans - Society of the Army of West Virginia.","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers of Alexander Smith and George W. Brown. The Smith papers are letters and receipts, 1794-1814, and include a letter from N. Suter commenting on a naval battle of the War of 1812, current prices, government, and business conditions and receipts for the payment for slaves. The Brown letters, 1870-1886, concern a gift to West Virginia University, marriage, and payment of land taxes. Correspondents or persons mentioned include Alexander Martin and John W. Mason. Receipts, 1881-1894, are for taxes paid by the Brown, Miller and Co. Also included are certificates of appointment and commissions, 1858-1921, for Virginia Militia, Quartermaster General and Adjutant General of the state of West Virginia, the Collector of Internal Revenue, the U.S. Army Officers' Reserve Corps, the National Guard, and a membership certificate for the Society of the Army of West Virginia.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University","Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers, 1794/1958"],"collection_ssim":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers, 1794/1958"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1973","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5695"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1973","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5695"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- War of 1812"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- War of 1812"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- War of 1812"],"creator_ssm":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986"],"creator_ssim":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University"],"creators_ssim":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N.","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Militia - Virginia - Quartermaster General.","Militia - Virginia.","Militia","Slaves and slavery.","Taxation","Veterans - Society of the Army of West Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Militia - Virginia - Quartermaster General.","Militia - Virginia.","Militia","Slaves and slavery.","Taxation","Veterans - Society of the Army of West Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Feet Summary: 24 items (1 folder, 13 items); (1 oversize folder, 11 items)"],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Feet Summary: 24 items (1 folder, 13 items); (1 oversize folder, 11 items)"],"date_range_isim":[1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1973, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers, A\u0026M 1973, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c71bb66b243cb44a2b8e2b448fd8d70d\"\u003ePapers of Alexander Smith and George W. Brown. The Smith papers are letters and receipts, 1794-1814, and include a letter from N. Suter commenting on a naval battle of the War of 1812, current prices, government, and business conditions and receipts for the payment for slaves. The Brown letters, 1870-1886, concern a gift to West Virginia University, marriage, and payment of land taxes. Correspondents or persons mentioned include Alexander Martin and John W. Mason. Receipts, 1881-1894, are for taxes paid by the Brown, Miller and Co. Also included are certificates of appointment and commissions, 1858-1921, for Virginia Militia, Quartermaster General and Adjutant General of the state of West Virginia, the Collector of Internal Revenue, the U.S. Army Officers' Reserve Corps, the National Guard, and a membership certificate for the Society of the Army of West Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Papers of Alexander Smith and George W. Brown. The Smith papers are letters and receipts, 1794-1814, and include a letter from N. Suter commenting on a naval battle of the War of 1812, current prices, government, and business conditions and receipts for the payment for slaves. The Brown letters, 1870-1886, concern a gift to West Virginia University, marriage, and payment of land taxes. Correspondents or persons mentioned include Alexander Martin and John W. Mason. Receipts, 1881-1894, are for taxes paid by the Brown, Miller and Co. Also included are certificates of appointment and commissions, 1858-1921, for Virginia Militia, Quartermaster General and Adjutant General of the state of West Virginia, the Collector of Internal Revenue, the U.S. Army Officers' Reserve Corps, the National Guard, and a membership certificate for the Society of the Army of West Virginia."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_00454bcad1af67ae189aaea8fde9c819\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University"],"names_coll_ssim":["Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N."],"persname_ssim":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University","Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:57:35.934Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5695.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198832","title_ssm":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers"],"title_tesim":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1794-1958"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1794-1958"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1794/1958"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers, 1794/1958"],"text":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers, 1794/1958","A\u0026M 1973","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5695","United States -- History -- War of 1812","Militia - Virginia - Quartermaster General.","Militia - Virginia.","Militia","Slaves and slavery.","Taxation","Veterans - Society of the Army of West Virginia.","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers of Alexander Smith and George W. Brown. The Smith papers are letters and receipts, 1794-1814, and include a letter from N. Suter commenting on a naval battle of the War of 1812, current prices, government, and business conditions and receipts for the payment for slaves. The Brown letters, 1870-1886, concern a gift to West Virginia University, marriage, and payment of land taxes. Correspondents or persons mentioned include Alexander Martin and John W. Mason. Receipts, 1881-1894, are for taxes paid by the Brown, Miller and Co. Also included are certificates of appointment and commissions, 1858-1921, for Virginia Militia, Quartermaster General and Adjutant General of the state of West Virginia, the Collector of Internal Revenue, the U.S. Army Officers' Reserve Corps, the National Guard, and a membership certificate for the Society of the Army of West Virginia.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University","Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers, 1794/1958"],"collection_ssim":["William A. 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National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University"],"creators_ssim":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N.","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. 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Moreland, Collector, Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1973, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William A. Moreland, Collector, Papers, A\u0026M 1973, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c71bb66b243cb44a2b8e2b448fd8d70d\"\u003ePapers of Alexander Smith and George W. Brown. The Smith papers are letters and receipts, 1794-1814, and include a letter from N. Suter commenting on a naval battle of the War of 1812, current prices, government, and business conditions and receipts for the payment for slaves. The Brown letters, 1870-1886, concern a gift to West Virginia University, marriage, and payment of land taxes. Correspondents or persons mentioned include Alexander Martin and John W. Mason. Receipts, 1881-1894, are for taxes paid by the Brown, Miller and Co. Also included are certificates of appointment and commissions, 1858-1921, for Virginia Militia, Quartermaster General and Adjutant General of the state of West Virginia, the Collector of Internal Revenue, the U.S. Army Officers' Reserve Corps, the National Guard, and a membership certificate for the Society of the Army of West Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Papers of Alexander Smith and George W. Brown. The Smith papers are letters and receipts, 1794-1814, and include a letter from N. Suter commenting on a naval battle of the War of 1812, current prices, government, and business conditions and receipts for the payment for slaves. The Brown letters, 1870-1886, concern a gift to West Virginia University, marriage, and payment of land taxes. Correspondents or persons mentioned include Alexander Martin and John W. Mason. Receipts, 1881-1894, are for taxes paid by the Brown, Miller and Co. Also included are certificates of appointment and commissions, 1858-1921, for Virginia Militia, Quartermaster General and Adjutant General of the state of West Virginia, the Collector of Internal Revenue, the U.S. Army Officers' Reserve Corps, the National Guard, and a membership certificate for the Society of the Army of West Virginia."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_00454bcad1af67ae189aaea8fde9c819\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University"],"names_coll_ssim":["Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N."],"persname_ssim":["Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Brown, Miller and Company","United States. National Guard","United States. Army. Officers' Reserve Corps","United States. Internal Revenue Service","West Virginia. Adjutant General's Office","West Virginia University","Moreland, William A., 1916-1986","Brown, George W.","Martin, Alexander.","Mason, John W.","Smith, Alexander.","Suter, N."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:57:35.934Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5695"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William and Anne Fleming Family papers, 1754/2000","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_11.xml","title_filing_ssi":"William and Anne Fleming Family papers","title_ssm":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers"],"title_tesim":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1754-1833, 2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1754-1833, 2000"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754/2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers, 1754/2000"],"text":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers, 1754/2000","WLU.Coll.0009","/repositories/5/resources/11","Virginia","Kentucky","Land grants","Correspondence","Slavery","The collection is open for research use.","William Fleming was born in Scotland on Feburary 18, 1729. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and served in the British navy. He moved to the colony of Virginia in 1755, landing first in Norfolk before moving to Williamsburg. There, he was commissioned as an ensign to serve under Col. George Washington. He engaged in border warfare. Fleming eventually settled in Staunton where he married Anne Christian on April 9, 1763. He gave up medicine for farming in Botetourt County (now Montgomery) at his estate called Bellmont. From 1777-1779, he represented several districts, including Kentucky, in the Virginia Senate. He took an active part in Western Affairs, twice heading commissions to Kentucky. In his last appearance as a public servant, Fleming represented Botetourt in the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution. Fleming died on August 5, 1795.","Anne Christian Fleming was born in 1744 in Staunton, Virginia to Israel and Elizabeth Christian. She had two siblings: William and Rosanna. Anne and William Fleming married in 1763. They had two children: Ebenezer and Annie.","There is a document related to Elizabeth also in Folder 6 of this box.","WLU Coll 0003: George A. Baxter family papers","This collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.","The subjects include Fleming's accounts of his trips to Kentucky, his journal of the first Kentucky convention of which he served as chair, letters about business, Kentucky land claims, and family affairs. There are commissions, wills and estate inventories, land surveys and indentures, a manuscript map, and documents related to Indigenous nations. Other documents mention enslaved people, usually those who were to be inherited. One folder holds items specific to Kentucky but there are other documents throughout the collection that also have relevance to Kentucky, such as correspondence, land records, and receipts. Daniel Boone's name can be found throughout the collection as he was hired to survey land within what is now Kentucky. Notable signatures within the collection include Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, James Monroe, and Benjamin Harrison. The collection also includes an account book kept by Fleming between 1765-1783. Some accounts are medical in nature. Lastly, the collection holds George Baxter's honorary degree from the University of South Carolina dated circa 1812.","There are transcriptions for correspondence and other items which were done in 2000.","Includes 1768 and 1773 deeds of gift of land to Anne Fleming from her father","Includes information related to land ownership, list of books and pamphlets, financial information, payments made to Commissioners and the State of Virginia.","This folder includes a 1783 receipt handwritten by Daniel Boone for land he surveyed.","Includes a list of distances between towns and cities, testimony (1780), prayer (1809), copy of an act for disclaiming lands (1794), printed letter from the Board of War dated July 8, 1779 asking for information of the \"numbers and strength of the militias of the several counties within the4 state,\" financial document of Israel Christian, 1763-1766, Order from the House of Delegates for the care of armies, 1777 November 27, document regarding expedition against the Indians, 1777 August 29, broadside \"Acts of General Assembly passed October Session, 1777\"","circa 1754 fragment issued by Robert Dinwiddie and signed by George Washington, August 25, 1755 appointment issued by Robert Dinwiddie, 1762 appointment issued by Francis Fauquier, circa 1771-1775 appointment issued by John Murray, Earl of Dunmore (part of the document is missing)","The leaders of the Native American contingent were named as Captain White Eyes, Captain Johnny, and Weyandahila.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)","Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers, 1754/2000"],"collection_ssim":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers, 1754/2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0009","/repositories/5/resources/11"],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0009","/repositories/5/resources/11"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia","Kentucky"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia","Kentucky"],"places_ssim":["Virginia","Kentucky"],"creator_ssm":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William"],"creator_ssim":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Land grants","Correspondence","Slavery"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Land grants","Correspondence","Slavery"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.5 Linear Feet four boxes, five oversize folders, one account volume","1 Reels 1 microfilm reel. Contains index."],"extent_tesim":["9.5 Linear Feet four boxes, five oversize folders, one account volume","1 Reels 1 microfilm reel. Contains index."],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Fleming was born in Scotland on Feburary 18, 1729. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and served in the British navy. He moved to the colony of Virginia in 1755, landing first in Norfolk before moving to Williamsburg. There, he was commissioned as an ensign to serve under Col. George Washington. He engaged in border warfare. Fleming eventually settled in Staunton where he married Anne Christian on April 9, 1763. He gave up medicine for farming in Botetourt County (now Montgomery) at his estate called Bellmont. From 1777-1779, he represented several districts, including Kentucky, in the Virginia Senate. He took an active part in Western Affairs, twice heading commissions to Kentucky. In his last appearance as a public servant, Fleming represented Botetourt in the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution. Fleming died on August 5, 1795.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnne Christian Fleming was born in 1744 in Staunton, Virginia to Israel and Elizabeth Christian. She had two siblings: William and Rosanna. Anne and William Fleming married in 1763. They had two children: Ebenezer and Annie.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Fleming was born in Scotland on Feburary 18, 1729. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and served in the British navy. He moved to the colony of Virginia in 1755, landing first in Norfolk before moving to Williamsburg. There, he was commissioned as an ensign to serve under Col. George Washington. He engaged in border warfare. Fleming eventually settled in Staunton where he married Anne Christian on April 9, 1763. He gave up medicine for farming in Botetourt County (now Montgomery) at his estate called Bellmont. From 1777-1779, he represented several districts, including Kentucky, in the Virginia Senate. He took an active part in Western Affairs, twice heading commissions to Kentucky. In his last appearance as a public servant, Fleming represented Botetourt in the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution. Fleming died on August 5, 1795.","Anne Christian Fleming was born in 1744 in Staunton, Virginia to Israel and Elizabeth Christian. She had two siblings: William and Rosanna. Anne and William Fleming married in 1763. They had two children: Ebenezer and Annie."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is a document related to Elizabeth also in Folder 6 of this box.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["There is a document related to Elizabeth also in Folder 6 of this box."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], William and Anne Fleming Family Papers (WLU Coll. 0009), Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], William and Anne Fleming Family Papers (WLU Coll. 0009), Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWLU Coll 0003: George A. Baxter family papers\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["WLU Coll 0003: George A. Baxter family papers"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subjects include Fleming's accounts of his trips to Kentucky, his journal of the first Kentucky convention of which he served as chair, letters about business, Kentucky land claims, and family affairs. There are commissions, wills and estate inventories, land surveys and indentures, a manuscript map, and documents related to Indigenous nations. Other documents mention enslaved people, usually those who were to be inherited. One folder holds items specific to Kentucky but there are other documents throughout the collection that also have relevance to Kentucky, such as correspondence, land records, and receipts. Daniel Boone's name can be found throughout the collection as he was hired to survey land within what is now Kentucky. Notable signatures within the collection include Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, James Monroe, and Benjamin Harrison. The collection also includes an account book kept by Fleming between 1765-1783. Some accounts are medical in nature. Lastly, the collection holds George Baxter's honorary degree from the University of South Carolina dated circa 1812.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are transcriptions for correspondence and other items which were done in 2000.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eIncludes 1768 and 1773 deeds of gift of land to Anne Fleming from her father\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes information related to land ownership, list of books and pamphlets, financial information, payments made to Commissioners and the State of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes a 1783 receipt handwritten by Daniel Boone for land he surveyed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a list of distances between towns and cities, testimony (1780), prayer (1809), copy of an act for disclaiming lands (1794), printed letter from the Board of War dated July 8, 1779 asking for information of the \"numbers and strength of the militias of the several counties within the4 state,\" financial document of Israel Christian, 1763-1766, Order from the House of Delegates for the care of armies, 1777 November 27, document regarding expedition against the Indians, 1777 August 29, broadside \"Acts of General Assembly passed October Session, 1777\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ecirca 1754 fragment issued by Robert Dinwiddie and signed by George Washington, August 25, 1755 appointment issued by Robert Dinwiddie, 1762 appointment issued by Francis Fauquier, circa 1771-1775 appointment issued by John Murray, Earl of Dunmore (part of the document is missing)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe leaders of the Native American contingent were named as Captain White Eyes, Captain Johnny, and Weyandahila.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.","The subjects include Fleming's accounts of his trips to Kentucky, his journal of the first Kentucky convention of which he served as chair, letters about business, Kentucky land claims, and family affairs. There are commissions, wills and estate inventories, land surveys and indentures, a manuscript map, and documents related to Indigenous nations. Other documents mention enslaved people, usually those who were to be inherited. One folder holds items specific to Kentucky but there are other documents throughout the collection that also have relevance to Kentucky, such as correspondence, land records, and receipts. Daniel Boone's name can be found throughout the collection as he was hired to survey land within what is now Kentucky. Notable signatures within the collection include Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, James Monroe, and Benjamin Harrison. The collection also includes an account book kept by Fleming between 1765-1783. Some accounts are medical in nature. Lastly, the collection holds George Baxter's honorary degree from the University of South Carolina dated circa 1812.","There are transcriptions for correspondence and other items which were done in 2000.","Includes 1768 and 1773 deeds of gift of land to Anne Fleming from her father","Includes information related to land ownership, list of books and pamphlets, financial information, payments made to Commissioners and the State of Virginia.","This folder includes a 1783 receipt handwritten by Daniel Boone for land he surveyed.","Includes a list of distances between towns and cities, testimony (1780), prayer (1809), copy of an act for disclaiming lands (1794), printed letter from the Board of War dated July 8, 1779 asking for information of the \"numbers and strength of the militias of the several counties within the4 state,\" financial document of Israel Christian, 1763-1766, Order from the House of Delegates for the care of armies, 1777 November 27, document regarding expedition against the Indians, 1777 August 29, broadside \"Acts of General Assembly passed October Session, 1777\"","circa 1754 fragment issued by Robert Dinwiddie and signed by George Washington, August 25, 1755 appointment issued by Robert Dinwiddie, 1762 appointment issued by Francis Fauquier, circa 1771-1775 appointment issued by John Murray, Earl of Dunmore (part of the document is missing)","The leaders of the Native American contingent were named as Captain White Eyes, Captain Johnny, and Weyandahila."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel"],"persname_ssim":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)","Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":80,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:00:36.926Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_11.xml","title_filing_ssi":"William and Anne Fleming Family papers","title_ssm":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers"],"title_tesim":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1754-1833, 2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1754-1833, 2000"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754/2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers, 1754/2000"],"text":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers, 1754/2000","WLU.Coll.0009","/repositories/5/resources/11","Virginia","Kentucky","Land grants","Correspondence","Slavery","The collection is open for research use.","William Fleming was born in Scotland on Feburary 18, 1729. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and served in the British navy. He moved to the colony of Virginia in 1755, landing first in Norfolk before moving to Williamsburg. There, he was commissioned as an ensign to serve under Col. George Washington. He engaged in border warfare. Fleming eventually settled in Staunton where he married Anne Christian on April 9, 1763. He gave up medicine for farming in Botetourt County (now Montgomery) at his estate called Bellmont. From 1777-1779, he represented several districts, including Kentucky, in the Virginia Senate. He took an active part in Western Affairs, twice heading commissions to Kentucky. In his last appearance as a public servant, Fleming represented Botetourt in the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution. Fleming died on August 5, 1795.","Anne Christian Fleming was born in 1744 in Staunton, Virginia to Israel and Elizabeth Christian. She had two siblings: William and Rosanna. Anne and William Fleming married in 1763. They had two children: Ebenezer and Annie.","There is a document related to Elizabeth also in Folder 6 of this box.","WLU Coll 0003: George A. Baxter family papers","This collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.","The subjects include Fleming's accounts of his trips to Kentucky, his journal of the first Kentucky convention of which he served as chair, letters about business, Kentucky land claims, and family affairs. There are commissions, wills and estate inventories, land surveys and indentures, a manuscript map, and documents related to Indigenous nations. Other documents mention enslaved people, usually those who were to be inherited. One folder holds items specific to Kentucky but there are other documents throughout the collection that also have relevance to Kentucky, such as correspondence, land records, and receipts. Daniel Boone's name can be found throughout the collection as he was hired to survey land within what is now Kentucky. Notable signatures within the collection include Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, James Monroe, and Benjamin Harrison. The collection also includes an account book kept by Fleming between 1765-1783. Some accounts are medical in nature. Lastly, the collection holds George Baxter's honorary degree from the University of South Carolina dated circa 1812.","There are transcriptions for correspondence and other items which were done in 2000.","Includes 1768 and 1773 deeds of gift of land to Anne Fleming from her father","Includes information related to land ownership, list of books and pamphlets, financial information, payments made to Commissioners and the State of Virginia.","This folder includes a 1783 receipt handwritten by Daniel Boone for land he surveyed.","Includes a list of distances between towns and cities, testimony (1780), prayer (1809), copy of an act for disclaiming lands (1794), printed letter from the Board of War dated July 8, 1779 asking for information of the \"numbers and strength of the militias of the several counties within the4 state,\" financial document of Israel Christian, 1763-1766, Order from the House of Delegates for the care of armies, 1777 November 27, document regarding expedition against the Indians, 1777 August 29, broadside \"Acts of General Assembly passed October Session, 1777\"","circa 1754 fragment issued by Robert Dinwiddie and signed by George Washington, August 25, 1755 appointment issued by Robert Dinwiddie, 1762 appointment issued by Francis Fauquier, circa 1771-1775 appointment issued by John Murray, Earl of Dunmore (part of the document is missing)","The leaders of the Native American contingent were named as Captain White Eyes, Captain Johnny, and Weyandahila.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)","Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers, 1754/2000"],"collection_ssim":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers, 1754/2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0009","/repositories/5/resources/11"],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0009","/repositories/5/resources/11"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia","Kentucky"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia","Kentucky"],"places_ssim":["Virginia","Kentucky"],"creator_ssm":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William"],"creator_ssim":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Land grants","Correspondence","Slavery"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Land grants","Correspondence","Slavery"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.5 Linear Feet four boxes, five oversize folders, one account volume","1 Reels 1 microfilm reel. Contains index."],"extent_tesim":["9.5 Linear Feet four boxes, five oversize folders, one account volume","1 Reels 1 microfilm reel. Contains index."],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Fleming was born in Scotland on Feburary 18, 1729. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and served in the British navy. He moved to the colony of Virginia in 1755, landing first in Norfolk before moving to Williamsburg. There, he was commissioned as an ensign to serve under Col. George Washington. He engaged in border warfare. Fleming eventually settled in Staunton where he married Anne Christian on April 9, 1763. He gave up medicine for farming in Botetourt County (now Montgomery) at his estate called Bellmont. From 1777-1779, he represented several districts, including Kentucky, in the Virginia Senate. He took an active part in Western Affairs, twice heading commissions to Kentucky. In his last appearance as a public servant, Fleming represented Botetourt in the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution. Fleming died on August 5, 1795.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnne Christian Fleming was born in 1744 in Staunton, Virginia to Israel and Elizabeth Christian. She had two siblings: William and Rosanna. Anne and William Fleming married in 1763. They had two children: Ebenezer and Annie.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Fleming was born in Scotland on Feburary 18, 1729. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and served in the British navy. He moved to the colony of Virginia in 1755, landing first in Norfolk before moving to Williamsburg. There, he was commissioned as an ensign to serve under Col. George Washington. He engaged in border warfare. Fleming eventually settled in Staunton where he married Anne Christian on April 9, 1763. He gave up medicine for farming in Botetourt County (now Montgomery) at his estate called Bellmont. From 1777-1779, he represented several districts, including Kentucky, in the Virginia Senate. He took an active part in Western Affairs, twice heading commissions to Kentucky. In his last appearance as a public servant, Fleming represented Botetourt in the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution. Fleming died on August 5, 1795.","Anne Christian Fleming was born in 1744 in Staunton, Virginia to Israel and Elizabeth Christian. She had two siblings: William and Rosanna. Anne and William Fleming married in 1763. They had two children: Ebenezer and Annie."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is a document related to Elizabeth also in Folder 6 of this box.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["There is a document related to Elizabeth also in Folder 6 of this box."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], William and Anne Fleming Family Papers (WLU Coll. 0009), Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], William and Anne Fleming Family Papers (WLU Coll. 0009), Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWLU Coll 0003: George A. Baxter family papers\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["WLU Coll 0003: George A. Baxter family papers"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subjects include Fleming's accounts of his trips to Kentucky, his journal of the first Kentucky convention of which he served as chair, letters about business, Kentucky land claims, and family affairs. There are commissions, wills and estate inventories, land surveys and indentures, a manuscript map, and documents related to Indigenous nations. Other documents mention enslaved people, usually those who were to be inherited. One folder holds items specific to Kentucky but there are other documents throughout the collection that also have relevance to Kentucky, such as correspondence, land records, and receipts. Daniel Boone's name can be found throughout the collection as he was hired to survey land within what is now Kentucky. Notable signatures within the collection include Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, James Monroe, and Benjamin Harrison. The collection also includes an account book kept by Fleming between 1765-1783. Some accounts are medical in nature. Lastly, the collection holds George Baxter's honorary degree from the University of South Carolina dated circa 1812.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are transcriptions for correspondence and other items which were done in 2000.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eIncludes 1768 and 1773 deeds of gift of land to Anne Fleming from her father\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes information related to land ownership, list of books and pamphlets, financial information, payments made to Commissioners and the State of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes a 1783 receipt handwritten by Daniel Boone for land he surveyed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a list of distances between towns and cities, testimony (1780), prayer (1809), copy of an act for disclaiming lands (1794), printed letter from the Board of War dated July 8, 1779 asking for information of the \"numbers and strength of the militias of the several counties within the4 state,\" financial document of Israel Christian, 1763-1766, Order from the House of Delegates for the care of armies, 1777 November 27, document regarding expedition against the Indians, 1777 August 29, broadside \"Acts of General Assembly passed October Session, 1777\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ecirca 1754 fragment issued by Robert Dinwiddie and signed by George Washington, August 25, 1755 appointment issued by Robert Dinwiddie, 1762 appointment issued by Francis Fauquier, circa 1771-1775 appointment issued by John Murray, Earl of Dunmore (part of the document is missing)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe leaders of the Native American contingent were named as Captain White Eyes, Captain Johnny, and Weyandahila.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.","The subjects include Fleming's accounts of his trips to Kentucky, his journal of the first Kentucky convention of which he served as chair, letters about business, Kentucky land claims, and family affairs. There are commissions, wills and estate inventories, land surveys and indentures, a manuscript map, and documents related to Indigenous nations. Other documents mention enslaved people, usually those who were to be inherited. One folder holds items specific to Kentucky but there are other documents throughout the collection that also have relevance to Kentucky, such as correspondence, land records, and receipts. Daniel Boone's name can be found throughout the collection as he was hired to survey land within what is now Kentucky. Notable signatures within the collection include Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, James Monroe, and Benjamin Harrison. The collection also includes an account book kept by Fleming between 1765-1783. Some accounts are medical in nature. Lastly, the collection holds George Baxter's honorary degree from the University of South Carolina dated circa 1812.","There are transcriptions for correspondence and other items which were done in 2000.","Includes 1768 and 1773 deeds of gift of land to Anne Fleming from her father","Includes information related to land ownership, list of books and pamphlets, financial information, payments made to Commissioners and the State of Virginia.","This folder includes a 1783 receipt handwritten by Daniel Boone for land he surveyed.","Includes a list of distances between towns and cities, testimony (1780), prayer (1809), copy of an act for disclaiming lands (1794), printed letter from the Board of War dated July 8, 1779 asking for information of the \"numbers and strength of the militias of the several counties within the4 state,\" financial document of Israel Christian, 1763-1766, Order from the House of Delegates for the care of armies, 1777 November 27, document regarding expedition against the Indians, 1777 August 29, broadside \"Acts of General Assembly passed October Session, 1777\"","circa 1754 fragment issued by Robert Dinwiddie and signed by George Washington, August 25, 1755 appointment issued by Robert Dinwiddie, 1762 appointment issued by Francis Fauquier, circa 1771-1775 appointment issued by John Murray, Earl of Dunmore (part of the document is missing)","The leaders of the Native American contingent were named as Captain White Eyes, Captain Johnny, and Weyandahila."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel"],"persname_ssim":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)","Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":80,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:00:36.926Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1119","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William and Peyton Short Papers, 1783/1825","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1119#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Short, William (1759-1849)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1119#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eDated 1783-1825. Letters, 1783-1825, primarily between William Short (1759-1849), American diplomat and financier, who, after a career in Europe, settled in Philadelphia, Pa., and his brother, Peyton Short (1761-1825), a native of Virginia who moved to Kentucky and engaged in extensive land speculation there and in Ohio. William gives advice concerning Peyton's career and the education of his children, and discusses other family matters, but is primarily concerned with various speculative land transactions in Kentucky and Ohio. Frequent litigation is involved, and, in the later years, William and Peyton's letters show an estrangement brought on by the latter's financial problems.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1119#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1119","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1119","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1119","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1119","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1119.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Short, William and Peyton, Papers","title_ssm":["William and Peyton Short Papers"],"title_tesim":["William and Peyton Short Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1783-1825"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1783-1825"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1783/1825"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William and Peyton Short Papers, 1783/1825"],"text":["William and Peyton Short Papers, 1783/1825","Mss. 65 Sh9","/repositories/2/resources/1119","Virginia--History--18th century","Diplomats--United States--Correspondence","Real property","United States--Foreign relations--1783-1815","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783","Correspondence","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","William Short was born in Surry County, Virginia, in 1759, the son of William Short and Elizabeth (Skipwith) Short. He graduated in 1779 from the College of William and Mary where he had been one of the founders of Phi Beta Kappa. He acted as Thomas Jefferson's private secretary in Paris and as secretary of legation and charge d'affairs. He was minister to The Hague. He participated in negotiations of the Pinchney Treaty with Spain. Short died in 1849. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Other Information:","A PDF document of this inventory is available online.","Additional information may be found at http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/findingaids/65_Sh9_Short__William_and_Peyton.pdf","Processed by Michael Foret in 1983.","Dated 1783-1825. Letters, 1783-1825, primarily between William Short (1759-1849), American diplomat and financier, who, after a career in Europe, settled in Philadelphia, Pa., and his brother, Peyton Short (1761-1825), a native of Virginia who moved to Kentucky and engaged in extensive land speculation there and in Ohio. William gives advice concerning Peyton's career and the education of his children, and discusses other family matters, but is primarily concerned with various speculative land transactions in Kentucky and Ohio. Frequent litigation is involved, and, in the later years, William and Peyton's letters show an estrangement brought on by the latter's financial problems.","Urges him to stand for election in the fall, as best means to get his name before the public.","Admonishes him to overcome his natural shyness if he is to be a lawyer.","Is leaving for Falmouth on British packet Oct. 7; has met some of fellow passengers, including secretary to Dutch legation; Spoke with Henry Laurens on conditions in Europe; directs that proceeds of sale of negroes be invested in lots in Norfolk.","Directs him to write in care of Benjamin Harrison, merchant of Richmond; has seen his advertisements in the Virginia papers concerning lands for sale in Virginia and Kentucky, and wonders the cause; inquires into [plantation?] sale to Col. [John] Harvie; awaiting statement of accounts and affairs from Harrison, his agent; desires to know of future plans; has given up idea of practicing law and representing Surry Co. in the legislature [?]; best to sisters and Major Edmonds.","Has received no word in so long, is sending this letter by way of [Thomas] Jefferson, who will be sure it is delivered; Jefferson reported receiving a letter to be forwarded which, however, had no enclosure; Jefferson sent news of the family, including marriage of sister, Jenny; pressed sister, Eliza, to send a letter, and assured her of its safe delivery, but to no avail; aversion of Americans to writing; anxious for safety of family in Kentucky because of Indian War; will leave Holland tomorrow for Spain via France; send letters to Jefferson or through J. Browne, merchant of Richmond; passage through France risky, because of present troubles; papers and library scattered; his European affairs entrusted to a Dutch concern; if problems arise, Jefferson can help; Col. [Henry] Skipwith, handling affairs in Va.; asks about Norfolk and western lands purchases; laments having ever left home.","Scope and Contents Had hoped to be home long ago, but the President, [Washington] refused to accept resignation; then death of someone in Europe prevented departure; recently learned letters sent to America not reaching Kentucky; pained by lack of letters, but attributes it not to inattention, but Americans' almost universal aversion to writing; since the beginning of the [European] War, correspondence most precarious, even Jefferson not writing; Devilmont, arriving in Spain from Ft. Pitt, [Pa.], just when preparing to depart; spoke of family affairs, and of hazards of getting mail to Kentucky; would have written through Devilmont but he left Madrid two days sooner than expected, which occasioned having to write letters and dispatches over a 48 hour period; has been subject to headaches, some violent and incapacitating; is only health problem of consequence, thinks it a \"family disorder\" stemming from mother's side; glad Eliza married, since this is the \"natural course to happiness, especially for women\"; personal affairs are in sorry state, as had not made better arrangements before leaving, and does not have a good friend in Richmond; has no clue to state of affairs, management of which has passed from [Benjamin] Harrison to Col. [Henry] Skipwith, (who has not sent the accounting he promised eight years ago), and then to Messers. Donald and Browne; Jefferson now in charge of some affairs, but these out of his way.","Scope and Contents Has received letter of 29 Nov [1799], and only sorry it did not contain more details of the family's life; interested in every detail, no matter how minute; has been lucky in life, but to be in one's own country, working towards a better life, under free government, the happiest life; alarmed to read brother contemplating trip to Europe, as it would take him away from affairs and would be dangerous and costly; hopes to return next summer or winter; if he writes while congress is in session, when Jefferson is absent, send mail through John Barnes, merchant of Philadelphia, through post from Kentucky; Barnes is agent appointed by Jefferson to handle affairs formerly administered by Skipwith; Col. [Henry] Skipwith has no been the best manager, but can find no fault with him in law or equity; recounts at great length problems in affairs and his attempts to have a reckoning of them; asks advice on how to collect money owed; cautions that he deal fairly and honestly with Col. Skipwith, as he is a relative and has always shown himself to be a friend; hopes to be home soon, but still wants this business begun as soon as possible; Jefferson has documents relative to Skipwith's agency which he will make available; asks about title to lands bought from Pasky [?]; questions about western land deals, and reflects on effects of \"family disease\" [Speculation] which has afflicted them both; observations on land use arrangements in Europe, including serfdom (which he compares to slavery) and metayers (sharecroppers); reflects on uncertain income of landlords and large farmers, and the evils resulting; happy to see his brother so prosperous; sorry to hear sad fate of negroes on Mush Island, who were sold; if had been in Virginia, would have put up money to buy those who could not find good masters, as Harvie ever was; if any of them can be found in the hands of cruel masters, buy them, and if they are capable of providing for their families, give them freedom; if not hire them out to good masters; give particular attention to female slaves; family slaves from Surry, are those most concerned about, wishes them seen to; expresses happiness that nephew Edmonds well provided for with a good guardian but hopes to be able to take over that position after arriving in America; Fulwar Skipwith has suffered a reversal of fortune since arriving in Paris and is embarrassed in his circumstances; has some money coming to him from Sir Peyton [Skipwith]; try to recover sum from Sir Peyton.","Refers to letter of July 28 1800,; as suspected, Fulwar Skipwith's letter indicates money must be gotten from Sir Peyton [Skipwith]; happy to receive letter of 29 Nov. 1799, with such a detailed account of brother's finances; reiterates opposition to brother visiting in Europe; discusses Col. [Henry] Skipwith's handling of his affairs, Paskie and western lands; encapsulates account of metayers (share croppers) of France, and the need to keep regular accounts.","Happy to receive letter of 29 Nov. 1799; has recently sent two large letters, largely concerning state of affairs with Col. [Henry] Skipwith; hopes it will be satisfactorily completed soon; has seen Dr. Watkins in Paris, and learned much about Kentucky and the family, especially as to mode of life, which never is revealed in letters; the family's prosperity all due to his better judgement, as himself had counseled against this enterprise; great happiness in having lands cultivated by tenants rather than slaves; would never have guessed that there were land so plentiful and cheap, so many could be found to work the land of others; this the best kind of property; wish had invested in such land long ago; sorry had not invested in Kentucky as you advised, but left it with [Col. Henry Skipwith], and which by now would have produced a fortune; would it still be possible to trade the 10,000 acres for land near his?; discusses profitability of rent vis-a-vis expenses; hopes plan of Dr. Watkins succeeds, and negotiations with the [Spanish] government successful; much land for sale in the U.S. north and south; has heard Kentucky lands four to six times more valuable since 1794.","Have received no letter of late; Mr. Barnes, near Georgetown, and Jefferson report no letters received; has had to postpone leaving one more year, may be next fall or spring; again counsels against a trip to Europe; leaving tomorrow for Auvergne, and waters of Vichy; if remain in Europe, not sure if will winter in Paris or take another voyage; has heard some report that Mr. Watkins has met with some misfortune in Spain; does not think his mission will be successful; please send letter through Barnes or Jefferson.","Scope and Contents Expresses appreciation for travels on behalf of the Harvie deal, and promise of the same for the Paskie affair ; hopes to return next spring, but will not fix the time of arrival, as so often disappointed; time spent at waters and in mountains has been very good for health; observations and speculation on Col. [Henry] Skipwith affair, happy satisfied with agricultural observations; tells of difficulty of transporting a ram to Kentucky, and the experience of one Frenchman who tried sending some to his farm in New York, their rising price, along with that of their wool, due to efforts of the French Government; sassafras is a good crop for Kentucky mentioned to Dr. Watkins; reiterates inquiry about Mush Island Slaves; asks for another yearly account, as did last year, only more detailed; copy of agricultural arithmetic on Spanish ram production; will send letters to Jefferson, but under cover to Barnes; please do same; advised having sisters ratify division of father's negroes when they came of age; death of sister Sally gives other sisters claim on negroes left by her; has estate been settled?; what about Poythress, Peters, [Kerrs?]; problems the result of \"ruinous\" Negro property.","Expresses grief on loss of brother's wife [Maria (Symmes) Short]; on returning [to America] plan to go westward after taking care of long-neglected affairs; will probably arrive next spring, somewhere in the far north; happy Harvie lands purchased; laments extent of slavery in Kentucky; France to people the Spanish territories of the lower Mississippi River; might have been avoided by better [American] handling of foreign affairs; inadvisability of proceeding with Col. [Henry] Skipwith until return; mention of nephew [John T.] Edmunds.","Discusses journey from Winchester, [Va.]; opposed to sale of Jersey estate, and does not wish to purchase it; disparages speculation as a characteristic of Americans, especially Westerners; Wilson Cary Nicholas on way to Kentucky, but not sure where, or whether interested in purchasing his land; account with Sir Peyton Skipwith still uncertain;  two sorrels and chair received; will dispose of the Grey as directed; estate papers from Col. [Henry] Skipwith may be lodged with George Jefferson of Richmond.","Bemoans brother's erratic travels as of late, and their not meeting; thanks for services of \"Old Honest Joe,\" and worries about his return trip; happiness at brother's fortune [remarriage]; is collecting papers dealing with Col. Henry Skipwith's affairs.","Does not know whether to sue or not over Carneal's not having given title or patent to the 10,000 acres of land; if cannot write about this soon, please inform Mr. [Charles?] or Mrs. [Janes (Short)?] Wilkins about status and have them write; have out off trip to Europe; objects to delay in settling Carneal affair; would rather have $8,000 in cash than a bond for $10,000 at the end of the year; feels that sending his sons to the Atlantic states for schooling a good idea; eldest son [John Cleves Short] should go to Bishop Carroll's school near Baltimore , where he will study under French professors; the cost of $400 per year is expensive, but should not be considered impossible since it is considered the best school in the U.S.; write to Nazareth about son [Charles Wilkins Short]; as to bond loaned, had hoped it would go to discharge his debts, not to embarking on new speculative ventures; only desires it to be paid back a little at a time, through agents in New York, Lewis \u0026 Lawrence Brokers, Wall Street or Philadelphia George Taylor, Jr., Broker, Second Street, or to Mr. Charles Wilkins, merchant in Lexington, [Ky.], who will send it to Philadelphia; have not heard from sisters, Wilkins and Ridgely for some time.","Discusses suit against Carneal for breach of contract and contract law; mention of Paskie land; reiterates advice to  send sons to schools in Atlantic States, and soon; discusses a loan; please send mail to Philadelphia, where agent will always know whereabouts; have not heard from Ridgely or Wilkins since last visited, but heard from sister Wilkins that Ridgely is now a farmer and Wilkins is a merchant in Lexington; has not heard of John Edmonds since his marriage; has sent engravings for brother and sisters.","Continued lengthy discussion of Carneal's breach of contract; comments that juries often consider a suit to compel a conveyance as a maneuver by obligee to convert the obligation into a money debt, so it must be proven that the title was demanded and not delivered; immigration is progressing with inconceivable rapidity; some lands in Ohio bought 3 years ago for $2 are now selling for $5-$10 per acre; Paskie lawsuit is at last stage with the decree to be given during present term; discusses speculation; Potomac affair a tactic to get closer to shore.","Scope and Contents Does not know if Capt. Hall (according to Col. Lytle's letter) was able to sell the land as he had hoped; Gen. Wilkins confirmed his comment about selling lands; emigration good in that \"quarter\" so sales are good; also reports that the agent sold his land, used the money for his own purposes and then did not repay it when requested, a common occurrence; Capt. Hall should have received payment for sale, but no word of it; please send information on this matter; agent in Philadelphia is now George Taylor, Jr., South Second Street near the Pennsylvania bank; but while in country receive own money to avoid commission; if any money received, send it to the bank at Pittsburgh in care of Gen. Wilkins; keep apprised of Paskie's land, and prospect for its sale; also request information on Ohio lands; since ignorant of Western geography, indicate nearby watercourses or settlements for reference, has learned of very small inheritance due from Skipwith side of family; each brother's share one-seventieth of the whole estate; wondering about proposed sale of Potomac lands; accidentally learned from R. Peters about his suit against him; will help in any way possible.","Scope and Contents Has just returned from a month's tour in Ohio, but was not able to meet with Capt. Hall; detailed discussions concerning a land sale payment plan, litigation in connection with Paskie lands and the possible sale of some land on the Ohio River; thanks for news on the North Carolina \"windfall\"; lengthy inquiry and information about Jack Edmunds, and debts owed by him; appreciates offer concerning Potomac affair; pointed comments about Sir Peyton Skipwith's estate settlement in connection with a 20-year old debt owed him; also mention of Fulwar Skipwith.","Scope and Contents Inquires about news of Ohio and Cumberland land sales, troubles in Ohio country make their main officers, such as Col Lytle, hard to reach, making business hard to conduct; inquires as to Hall's agency, and the state of affairs regarding the lands under his disposal; discusses merits of having money in the bank at Pittsburgh or Philadelphia; has learned Paskie's land to be titled in his name; the Skipwith \"windfall\" is not enough to bother with; discusses character of George Skipwith; reflects on desire of everyone to go into business, and attendant evils; unhappy situation of a man dependent on foreign commerce or funds for his livelihood.","Inquires about plans for educating sons [John and Charles]; suggests Princeton as a good place; college costs less than $300 a year, with $450 necessary in supplies; surprised over sale of Ohio lands to Carneal at a discount, especially as he always pictured him as dishonest.","Scope and Contents Has inquired into various schools in the region [for John and Charles]; only one definitely to be rejected is Princeton, where students have recently revolted; \"Southern\" boys have so much money they are a bad example and taverns are so near the school, they are a constant temptation; prefers a local school, headed by the Frenchman, Carrè; however, he does not admit boys older than 13 years; requests information on Carneal sale.","More hopeful of embarking this summer than before; will do whatever possible to aid sons [John and Charles] in getting in a school; thinks that the plan of sending one before the other is a good one; Princeton is still in a state of insurrection, but if restructured better than formerly it is to be preferred; looking into Carlisle, and a school at Germantown run by a Catholic priest who does not meddle in religion; chose between three; describes tombstone made for parent's grave; will be leaving in a few days for New York; take care over Carneal sale; have Mr. Wilkins certify handwriting and sell Paskie tract for whatever price reasonable; has made a settlement with Col. Henry Skipwith for $6000, even though the amount should have been closer to $20,000; southern laxity extends even to the bench; to be paid in four installments by way of joint bonds in name of W. Skipwith and Ed. Harrison, who has married Col. [Henry] Skipwith's daughter; Peyton Skipwith and his wife, seen last year on way to Rhode Island, told of marriage; Col. Skipwith is in a bad way financially; his present wife's family says he has spent his wife's estate to pay his debts; pity him but cannot love him as once did.","Sends more precise information on Princeton program, which is better, and more strictly administered since the insurrection; have Mr. Wilkins certify handwriting on Paskie sale; Gen. Wilkins says John Kerr at Chillicothe a good man to handle affairs.","Just returned from the falls at Niagara; problems with the post to Kentucky; discusses evils of speculation, giving the examples of Robert Morris, prince of all [speculators] and George Nicholas; only Pasties tract remains; please press Mr. Wilkins to go to the next court for that.","States opinion of sending sons to Princeton if they desire to study law, rather than school in Philadelphia; mention of Carneal and Col. [Henry] Skipwith and debts owed by them; Paskie land issue.","About to sail for [France?]; has written to Mr. Wilkins about dealings with Carneal; desires moneys to be deposited in Bank of the United States Philadelphia; is leaving a trunk at the U.S. Bank with papers; also in it will be a tin box with titles; his son has not arrived; if he arrives after his departure, he will be assisted by Mr. John Vaughan or Mr. Mahler (?) Dickenson; asks that he sell all of his lands as soon as possible.","In a former letter, advised that horses sell easier and at a better price in Ohio than in Kentucky, and that his horses should be sent there, but has recently observed in the Frankfort Palladium that the horses were put up for public sale; good market for [iron?] castings there; could probably sell 20 or 30 tons assorted; Mr. Owens promised all or part of payment due next spring in tall kettles, and a lower price if collect them at furnace rather than Lexington; perhaps, if funds allow, should have a boat built there to go to New Orleans, and if unable to be sold there, forwarded here; should be converted into a handsome profit in six months; some castings sold just before departure from Kentucky for Whiskey, payable next spring; also sold John W. Hunt two tons at 40 per ton, also to be paid in whiskey; there is a bond to secure a riverboat to send whiskey and other goods from there to New Orleans or any other market down river for his account; has said nothing of contract with MacNale concerning the Woodford Distillery, which would bring in 6000 gallons of whiskey annually until estate sold at $1.25 per gallon wholesale at New Orleans; hopes the contract with George Brown carried out; wants to keep slaves, and reclaim those tricked out of by arch-fiend T. Hart; Suppose lands bought from Dr. Rumsay also on market, although had hoped to retire there; about March 1, an installment of $1000 due Dr. Rumsay is payable at the Russelsville [Ohio?] branch of the bank; think that may be raised in time from sale of lands on Elk River, [Tenn.]; agent there Mr. Hardy Holiman is an honest man; has notified him of land purchased in Christian County, [Ky.], and exhorted him to forward to that Bank the amount indicated to discharge debt; would like to go elsewhere than Kentucky, where not known as someone who has seen better days; contemporaries in Kentucky have been going up at same rate as I going down.","Glad he is travelling by land; please advise as to route; suggests he go westward by way of Col. [James] Henry; should leave patents for the 20,000 acres and other papers with Col. Henry, or some other dependable person; send information as to titles and prices desired; should have stayed in Kentucky, at least in opinion of Dr. Ridgely and Mr. Wilkins; also would have saved living in taverns from Florida to New York these last twelve months; lengthy discussion of travel route and monetary matter.","Planned to go to Kentucky by water, but it turned colder and snowed, so he went overland on foot and by sleigh; now there is ice everywhere; has booked passage to Lexington by boat, which will leave as soon as the river is navigable; mention of resettling at the mills near Frankfurt; lengthy discussion centering on the raising of sheep, the profits from the wool, and the prices of lambs and ewes; mention of Carneal's debts.","Discourse about misunderstanding of reasons why he should return to Lexington to live.","Mention of Dr. Ridgeley and Mr. Wilkins; also confusion over dissolution of contract with Eastland; returning to Lexington in Summer 1809, passed through fertile lands of Cumberland and Green Rivers, and purchased of a Dr. Rumsey a handsome and valuable tract in the Western County; 6000 acres, some of it already opened by nature to cultivation; much land speculation discussed.","Scope and Contents Bank of Pennsylvania arrangements concerning [Charles] Wilkins and involving George Taylor; discussion centering on sales and purchases of slaves, including not separating families; land sale comments; care of his [PS] children after his [PS] death; other comments about Charles Wilkins, Dr. Ridgely, Dr. Rush, and the \"Stanley affair\".","Scope and Contents [Ohio?] land sales discussion mentioning [Charles] Wilkins, Dr. Ridgely, and [Daniel C.?] Cooper and involving marketable price of flour and whiskey in \"tight casks\".","Recently learned from Francis Scott Key, a lawyer in Washington, [D.C.], that Gen. James Wilkinson, who Key was prosecuting on his behalf, has assigned all his property to trustees for the benefit of his creditors; learned from his statement that he possessed an island off Mobile Bay; would like to learn more of it, as to name, value, quality of soil, etc.; will be travelling on Mississippi River this autumn; may visit your quarter.","Sale of Ohio lands involving Charles Wilkins; discussion of disposition of his negroes including their aging and thus not bearing any more children, separating families, and selling them to masters of their own choosing.","Monetary matters; read in papers a movement in congress to extend payments, and another to lower the price on the sale of public lands, and how the War [of 1812] will affect their [Congress] time in making final decisions; land sales; John [Cleve Short] wishes to join the Army, and may be the aide to General William Henry Harrison.","Gives proposal to pay debts owed and provide for family after his death, involving sales of land, transfers of mortgages of land in Indiana and Kentucky, and use of negroes.","Scope and Contents His [WS] idea of when he [PS] visited [William Branch] Giles was incorrect, for he visited him at his house in Amelia [Co., Va.] in 1802, and obtained titles to certain lands then; defends his actions in trying to \"chase down\" unpaid claims, rather than letting them go; mentions debts and claims involving Fulwar Skipwith, Gen. [James] Wilkinson, and Col. Henry (on behalf of his [PS] daughters by his second wife).","Richard Boulware affair disappointing; sued in court, but could get back no more than property and, from a third person, $500; mills returned in a ruinous state; both our interests dictate repair of property; on advice of Charles Wilkins, have written son John for his aid; sorry the Eastland purchase so misunderstood by Wilkins and Ridgely; have been offered $8000 cash, $4000 less than value; if Boulware sale had gone through, it would have netted $20,000.","Detailed plan for settlement of debts and estate; expresses gratitude for his support; sister, [Jane (Short) Wilkins] is dying.","Latest debt and estate settlement proposals mostly agreeable; feels that he [PS] has only hurt himself [through his speculation]; sorry to hear about sister, but knows she will soon be in heaven.","Scope and Contents Charles [Wilkins Short] doing very well in Hopkinsville, Ky., with a lucrative practice; reviews past ten years of business matters mentioning matters such as the success of coal mines in Kentucky until after the War [of 1812], when the rest of the United States was in a state of depression, a mill that was razed during the earthquakes in the winter of 1811-1812, supporting his children in various matters, and the sales of land labor, and farm stock and produce; comment about invitation to move to Texas, but states that he is not a \"man of war\" and would only go \"to cultivate the earth\"; pledge to repay all money owed to him.","If Wilkinson's and his case come up before his appearance, please have Mr. Wickliffe appear instead of Mr. Haggar, who might betray him; do not know if [Henry] Clay has, but thinks he has come near; can promise Wickliffe respectable fee; sorry about illness of last sister; has promised brother [William] an additional lien on estate to secure balance of payment due him.","Comment on continued breakdown of communication between one another; debt and mortgage information.","Problems in communicating clearly despite being brothers; mention of Christian [Co., Ky.] estate; $1000 has been deposited in bank in Pittsburgh to be paid to him and will send more if it is necessary.","Debt discussion; mention of Christian Co., [Ky.] land conveyance and dealing with the Clerk.","Has heard that he is purchasing a parcel of land in Lexington, [Ky.], and paying for it in cash; expresses shock and disbelief at his ability to do this after all of the previous correspondence concerning his enormous debt situation; other discussion centering on monetary solvency.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Short, William (1759-1849)","Short, Peyton, 1761-1825","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William and Peyton Short Papers, 1783/1825"],"collection_ssim":["William and Peyton Short Papers, 1783/1825"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 65 Sh9","/repositories/2/resources/1119"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 65 Sh9","/repositories/2/resources/1119"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--History--18th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--History--18th century"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--History--18th century"],"creator_ssm":["Short, William (1759-1849)","Short, Peyton, 1761-1825"],"creator_ssim":["Short, William (1759-1849)","Short, Peyton, 1761-1825"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Short, William (1759-1849)","Short, Peyton, 1761-1825","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Short, William (1759-1849)","Short, Peyton, 1761-1825","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Diplomats--United States--Correspondence","Real property","United States--Foreign relations--1783-1815","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Diplomats--United States--Correspondence","Real property","United States--Foreign relations--1783-1815","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.20 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.20 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Short was born in Surry County, Virginia, in 1759, the son of William Short and Elizabeth (Skipwith) Short. He graduated in 1779 from the College of William and Mary where he had been one of the founders of Phi Beta Kappa. He acted as Thomas Jefferson's private secretary in Paris and as secretary of legation and charge d'affairs. He was minister to The Hague. He participated in negotiations of the Pinchney Treaty with Spain. Short died in 1849. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/William_Short_(1759-1849)\" title=\"William Short (1759-1849)\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Short was born in Surry County, Virginia, in 1759, the son of William Short and Elizabeth (Skipwith) Short. He graduated in 1779 from the College of William and Mary where he had been one of the founders of Phi Beta Kappa. He acted as Thomas Jefferson's private secretary in Paris and as secretary of legation and charge d'affairs. He was minister to The Hague. He participated in negotiations of the Pinchney Treaty with Spain. Short died in 1849. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: ."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther Information:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e A PDF document of this inventory is available online.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Additional information may be found at http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/findingaids/65_Sh9_Short__William_and_Peyton.pdf\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Other Information:","A PDF document of this inventory is available online.","Additional information may be found at http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/findingaids/65_Sh9_Short__William_and_Peyton.pdf"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam and Peyton Short Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["William and Peyton Short Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Michael Foret in 1983.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Michael Foret in 1983."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDated 1783-1825. Letters, 1783-1825, primarily between William Short (1759-1849), American diplomat and financier, who, after a career in Europe, settled in Philadelphia, Pa., and his brother, Peyton Short (1761-1825), a native of Virginia who moved to Kentucky and engaged in extensive land speculation there and in Ohio. William gives advice concerning Peyton's career and the education of his children, and discusses other family matters, but is primarily concerned with various speculative land transactions in Kentucky and Ohio. Frequent litigation is involved, and, in the later years, William and Peyton's letters show an estrangement brought on by the latter's financial problems.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eUrges him to stand for election in the fall, as best means to get his name before the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdmonishes him to overcome his natural shyness if he is to be a lawyer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs leaving for Falmouth on British packet Oct. 7; has met some of fellow passengers, including secretary to Dutch legation; Spoke with Henry Laurens on conditions in Europe; directs that proceeds of sale of negroes be invested in lots in Norfolk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDirects him to write in care of Benjamin Harrison, merchant of Richmond; has seen his advertisements in the Virginia papers concerning lands for sale in Virginia and Kentucky, and wonders the cause; inquires into [plantation?] sale to Col. [John] Harvie; awaiting statement of accounts and affairs from Harrison, his agent; desires to know of future plans; has given up idea of practicing law and representing Surry Co. in the legislature [?]; best to sisters and Major Edmonds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas received no word in so long, is sending this letter by way of [Thomas] Jefferson, who will be sure it is delivered; Jefferson reported receiving a letter to be forwarded which, however, had no enclosure; Jefferson sent news of the family, including marriage of sister, Jenny; pressed sister, Eliza, to send a letter, and assured her of its safe delivery, but to no avail; aversion of Americans to writing; anxious for safety of family in Kentucky because of Indian War; will leave Holland tomorrow for Spain via France; send letters to Jefferson or through J. Browne, merchant of Richmond; passage through France risky, because of present troubles; papers and library scattered; his European affairs entrusted to a Dutch concern; if problems arise, Jefferson can help; Col. [Henry] Skipwith, handling affairs in Va.; asks about Norfolk and western lands purchases; laments having ever left home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Had hoped to be home long ago, but the President, [Washington] refused to accept resignation; then death of someone in Europe prevented departure; recently learned letters sent to America not reaching Kentucky; pained by lack of letters, but attributes it not to inattention, but Americans' almost universal aversion to writing; since the beginning of the [European] War, correspondence most precarious, even Jefferson not writing; Devilmont, arriving in Spain from Ft. Pitt, [Pa.], just when preparing to depart; spoke of family affairs, and of hazards of getting mail to Kentucky; would have written through Devilmont but he left Madrid two days sooner than expected, which occasioned having to write letters and dispatches over a 48 hour period; has been subject to headaches, some violent and incapacitating; is only health problem of consequence, thinks it a \"family disorder\" stemming from mother's side; glad Eliza married, since this is the \"natural course to happiness, especially for women\"; personal affairs are in sorry state, as had not made better arrangements before leaving, and does not have a good friend in Richmond; has no clue to state of affairs, management of which has passed from [Benjamin] Harrison to Col. [Henry] Skipwith, (who has not sent the accounting he promised eight years ago), and then to Messers. Donald and Browne; Jefferson now in charge of some affairs, but these out of his way.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has received letter of 29 Nov [1799], and only sorry it did not contain more details of the family's life; interested in every detail, no matter how minute; has been lucky in life, but to be in one's own country, working towards a better life, under free government, the happiest life; alarmed to read brother contemplating trip to Europe, as it would take him away from affairs and would be dangerous and costly; hopes to return next summer or winter; if he writes while congress is in session, when Jefferson is absent, send mail through John Barnes, merchant of Philadelphia, through post from Kentucky; Barnes is agent appointed by Jefferson to handle affairs formerly administered by Skipwith; Col. [Henry] Skipwith has no been the best manager, but can find no fault with him in law or equity; recounts at great length problems in affairs and his attempts to have a reckoning of them; asks advice on how to collect money owed; cautions that he deal fairly and honestly with Col. Skipwith, as he is a relative and has always shown himself to be a friend; hopes to be home soon, but still wants this business begun as soon as possible; Jefferson has documents relative to Skipwith's agency which he will make available; asks about title to lands bought from Pasky [?]; questions about western land deals, and reflects on effects of \"family disease\" [Speculation] which has afflicted them both; observations on land use arrangements in Europe, including serfdom (which he compares to slavery) and metayers (sharecroppers); reflects on uncertain income of landlords and large farmers, and the evils resulting; happy to see his brother so prosperous; sorry to hear sad fate of negroes on Mush Island, who were sold; if had been in Virginia, would have put up money to buy those who could not find good masters, as Harvie ever was; if any of them can be found in the hands of cruel masters, buy them, and if they are capable of providing for their families, give them freedom; if not hire them out to good masters; give particular attention to female slaves; family slaves from Surry, are those most concerned about, wishes them seen to; expresses happiness that nephew Edmonds well provided for with a good guardian but hopes to be able to take over that position after arriving in America; Fulwar Skipwith has suffered a reversal of fortune since arriving in Paris and is embarrassed in his circumstances; has some money coming to him from Sir Peyton [Skipwith]; try to recover sum from Sir Peyton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to letter of July 28 1800,; as suspected, Fulwar Skipwith's letter indicates money must be gotten from Sir Peyton [Skipwith]; happy to receive letter of 29 Nov. 1799, with such a detailed account of brother's finances; reiterates opposition to brother visiting in Europe; discusses Col. [Henry] Skipwith's handling of his affairs, Paskie and western lands; encapsulates account of metayers (share croppers) of France, and the need to keep regular accounts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHappy to receive letter of 29 Nov. 1799; has recently sent two large letters, largely concerning state of affairs with Col. [Henry] Skipwith; hopes it will be satisfactorily completed soon; has seen Dr. Watkins in Paris, and learned much about Kentucky and the family, especially as to mode of life, which never is revealed in letters; the family's prosperity all due to his better judgement, as himself had counseled against this enterprise; great happiness in having lands cultivated by tenants rather than slaves; would never have guessed that there were land so plentiful and cheap, so many could be found to work the land of others; this the best kind of property; wish had invested in such land long ago; sorry had not invested in Kentucky as you advised, but left it with [Col. Henry Skipwith], and which by now would have produced a fortune; would it still be possible to trade the 10,000 acres for land near his?; discusses profitability of rent vis-a-vis expenses; hopes plan of Dr. Watkins succeeds, and negotiations with the [Spanish] government successful; much land for sale in the U.S. north and south; has heard Kentucky lands four to six times more valuable since 1794.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHave received no letter of late; Mr. Barnes, near Georgetown, and Jefferson report no letters received; has had to postpone leaving one more year, may be next fall or spring; again counsels against a trip to Europe; leaving tomorrow for Auvergne, and waters of Vichy; if remain in Europe, not sure if will winter in Paris or take another voyage; has heard some report that Mr. Watkins has met with some misfortune in Spain; does not think his mission will be successful; please send letter through Barnes or Jefferson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses appreciation for travels on behalf of the Harvie deal, and promise of the same for the Paskie affair ; hopes to return next spring, but will not fix the time of arrival, as so often disappointed; time spent at waters and in mountains has been very good for health; observations and speculation on Col. [Henry] Skipwith affair, happy satisfied with agricultural observations; tells of difficulty of transporting a ram to Kentucky, and the experience of one Frenchman who tried sending some to his farm in New York, their rising price, along with that of their wool, due to efforts of the French Government; sassafras is a good crop for Kentucky mentioned to Dr. Watkins; reiterates inquiry about Mush Island Slaves; asks for another yearly account, as did last year, only more detailed; copy of agricultural arithmetic on Spanish ram production; will send letters to Jefferson, but under cover to Barnes; please do same; advised having sisters ratify division of father's negroes when they came of age; death of sister Sally gives other sisters claim on negroes left by her; has estate been settled?; what about Poythress, Peters, [Kerrs?]; problems the result of \"ruinous\" Negro property.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses grief on loss of brother's wife [Maria (Symmes) Short]; on returning [to America] plan to go westward after taking care of long-neglected affairs; will probably arrive next spring, somewhere in the far north; happy Harvie lands purchased; laments extent of slavery in Kentucky; France to people the Spanish territories of the lower Mississippi River; might have been avoided by better [American] handling of foreign affairs; inadvisability of proceeding with Col. [Henry] Skipwith until return; mention of nephew [John T.] Edmunds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses journey from Winchester, [Va.]; opposed to sale of Jersey estate, and does not wish to purchase it; disparages speculation as a characteristic of Americans, especially Westerners; Wilson Cary Nicholas on way to Kentucky, but not sure where, or whether interested in purchasing his land; account with Sir Peyton Skipwith still uncertain;  two sorrels and chair received; will dispose of the Grey as directed; estate papers from Col. [Henry] Skipwith may be lodged with George Jefferson of Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBemoans brother's erratic travels as of late, and their not meeting; thanks for services of \"Old Honest Joe,\" and worries about his return trip; happiness at brother's fortune [remarriage]; is collecting papers dealing with Col. Henry Skipwith's affairs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDoes not know whether to sue or not over Carneal's not having given title or patent to the 10,000 acres of land; if cannot write about this soon, please inform Mr. [Charles?] or Mrs. [Janes (Short)?] Wilkins about status and have them write; have out off trip to Europe; objects to delay in settling Carneal affair; would rather have $8,000 in cash than a bond for $10,000 at the end of the year; feels that sending his sons to the Atlantic states for schooling a good idea; eldest son [John Cleves Short] should go to Bishop Carroll's school near Baltimore , where he will study under French professors; the cost of $400 per year is expensive, but should not be considered impossible since it is considered the best school in the U.S.; write to Nazareth about son [Charles Wilkins Short]; as to bond loaned, had hoped it would go to discharge his debts, not to embarking on new speculative ventures; only desires it to be paid back a little at a time, through agents in New York, Lewis \u0026amp; Lawrence Brokers, Wall Street or Philadelphia George Taylor, Jr., Broker, Second Street, or to Mr. Charles Wilkins, merchant in Lexington, [Ky.], who will send it to Philadelphia; have not heard from sisters, Wilkins and Ridgely for some time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses suit against Carneal for breach of contract and contract law; mention of Paskie land; reiterates advice to  send sons to schools in Atlantic States, and soon; discusses a loan; please send mail to Philadelphia, where agent will always know whereabouts; have not heard from Ridgely or Wilkins since last visited, but heard from sister Wilkins that Ridgely is now a farmer and Wilkins is a merchant in Lexington; has not heard of John Edmonds since his marriage; has sent engravings for brother and sisters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContinued lengthy discussion of Carneal's breach of contract; comments that juries often consider a suit to compel a conveyance as a maneuver by obligee to convert the obligation into a money debt, so it must be proven that the title was demanded and not delivered; immigration is progressing with inconceivable rapidity; some lands in Ohio bought 3 years ago for $2 are now selling for $5-$10 per acre; Paskie lawsuit is at last stage with the decree to be given during present term; discusses speculation; Potomac affair a tactic to get closer to shore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Does not know if Capt. Hall (according to Col. Lytle's letter) was able to sell the land as he had hoped; Gen. Wilkins confirmed his comment about selling lands; emigration good in that \"quarter\" so sales are good; also reports that the agent sold his land, used the money for his own purposes and then did not repay it when requested, a common occurrence; Capt. Hall should have received payment for sale, but no word of it; please send information on this matter; agent in Philadelphia is now George Taylor, Jr., South Second Street near the Pennsylvania bank; but while in country receive own money to avoid commission; if any money received, send it to the bank at Pittsburgh in care of Gen. Wilkins; keep apprised of Paskie's land, and prospect for its sale; also request information on Ohio lands; since ignorant of Western geography, indicate nearby watercourses or settlements for reference, has learned of very small inheritance due from Skipwith side of family; each brother's share one-seventieth of the whole estate; wondering about proposed sale of Potomac lands; accidentally learned from R. Peters about his suit against him; will help in any way possible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has just returned from a month's tour in Ohio, but was not able to meet with Capt. Hall; detailed discussions concerning a land sale payment plan, litigation in connection with Paskie lands and the possible sale of some land on the Ohio River; thanks for news on the North Carolina \"windfall\"; lengthy inquiry and information about Jack Edmunds, and debts owed by him; appreciates offer concerning Potomac affair; pointed comments about Sir Peyton Skipwith's estate settlement in connection with a 20-year old debt owed him; also mention of Fulwar Skipwith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Inquires about news of Ohio and Cumberland land sales, troubles in Ohio country make their main officers, such as Col Lytle, hard to reach, making business hard to conduct; inquires as to Hall's agency, and the state of affairs regarding the lands under his disposal; discusses merits of having money in the bank at Pittsburgh or Philadelphia; has learned Paskie's land to be titled in his name; the Skipwith \"windfall\" is not enough to bother with; discusses character of George Skipwith; reflects on desire of everyone to go into business, and attendant evils; unhappy situation of a man dependent on foreign commerce or funds for his livelihood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInquires about plans for educating sons [John and Charles]; suggests Princeton as a good place; college costs less than $300 a year, with $450 necessary in supplies; surprised over sale of Ohio lands to Carneal at a discount, especially as he always pictured him as dishonest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has inquired into various schools in the region [for John and Charles]; only one definitely to be rejected is Princeton, where students have recently revolted; \"Southern\" boys have so much money they are a bad example and taverns are so near the school, they are a constant temptation; prefers a local school, headed by the Frenchman, Carrè; however, he does not admit boys older than 13 years; requests information on Carneal sale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore hopeful of embarking this summer than before; will do whatever possible to aid sons [John and Charles] in getting in a school; thinks that the plan of sending one before the other is a good one; Princeton is still in a state of insurrection, but if restructured better than formerly it is to be preferred; looking into Carlisle, and a school at Germantown run by a Catholic priest who does not meddle in religion; chose between three; describes tombstone made for parent's grave; will be leaving in a few days for New York; take care over Carneal sale; have Mr. Wilkins certify handwriting and sell Paskie tract for whatever price reasonable; has made a settlement with Col. Henry Skipwith for $6000, even though the amount should have been closer to $20,000; southern laxity extends even to the bench; to be paid in four installments by way of joint bonds in name of W. Skipwith and Ed. Harrison, who has married Col. [Henry] Skipwith's daughter; Peyton Skipwith and his wife, seen last year on way to Rhode Island, told of marriage; Col. Skipwith is in a bad way financially; his present wife's family says he has spent his wife's estate to pay his debts; pity him but cannot love him as once did.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends more precise information on Princeton program, which is better, and more strictly administered since the insurrection; have Mr. Wilkins certify handwriting on Paskie sale; Gen. Wilkins says John Kerr at Chillicothe a good man to handle affairs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJust returned from the falls at Niagara; problems with the post to Kentucky; discusses evils of speculation, giving the examples of Robert Morris, prince of all [speculators] and George Nicholas; only Pasties tract remains; please press Mr. Wilkins to go to the next court for that.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStates opinion of sending sons to Princeton if they desire to study law, rather than school in Philadelphia; mention of Carneal and Col. [Henry] Skipwith and debts owed by them; Paskie land issue.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAbout to sail for [France?]; has written to Mr. Wilkins about dealings with Carneal; desires moneys to be deposited in Bank of the United States Philadelphia; is leaving a trunk at the U.S. Bank with papers; also in it will be a tin box with titles; his son has not arrived; if he arrives after his departure, he will be assisted by Mr. John Vaughan or Mr. Mahler (?) Dickenson; asks that he sell all of his lands as soon as possible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn a former letter, advised that horses sell easier and at a better price in Ohio than in Kentucky, and that his horses should be sent there, but has recently observed in the Frankfort Palladium that the horses were put up for public sale; good market for [iron?] castings there; could probably sell 20 or 30 tons assorted; Mr. Owens promised all or part of payment due next spring in tall kettles, and a lower price if collect them at furnace rather than Lexington; perhaps, if funds allow, should have a boat built there to go to New Orleans, and if unable to be sold there, forwarded here; should be converted into a handsome profit in six months; some castings sold just before departure from Kentucky for Whiskey, payable next spring; also sold John W. Hunt two tons at 40 per ton, also to be paid in whiskey; there is a bond to secure a riverboat to send whiskey and other goods from there to New Orleans or any other market down river for his account; has said nothing of contract with MacNale concerning the Woodford Distillery, which would bring in 6000 gallons of whiskey annually until estate sold at $1.25 per gallon wholesale at New Orleans; hopes the contract with George Brown carried out; wants to keep slaves, and reclaim those tricked out of by arch-fiend T. Hart; Suppose lands bought from Dr. Rumsay also on market, although had hoped to retire there; about March 1, an installment of $1000 due Dr. Rumsay is payable at the Russelsville [Ohio?] branch of the bank; think that may be raised in time from sale of lands on Elk River, [Tenn.]; agent there Mr. Hardy Holiman is an honest man; has notified him of land purchased in Christian County, [Ky.], and exhorted him to forward to that Bank the amount indicated to discharge debt; would like to go elsewhere than Kentucky, where not known as someone who has seen better days; contemporaries in Kentucky have been going up at same rate as I going down.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlad he is travelling by land; please advise as to route; suggests he go westward by way of Col. [James] Henry; should leave patents for the 20,000 acres and other papers with Col. Henry, or some other dependable person; send information as to titles and prices desired; should have stayed in Kentucky, at least in opinion of Dr. Ridgely and Mr. Wilkins; also would have saved living in taverns from Florida to New York these last twelve months; lengthy discussion of travel route and monetary matter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlanned to go to Kentucky by water, but it turned colder and snowed, so he went overland on foot and by sleigh; now there is ice everywhere; has booked passage to Lexington by boat, which will leave as soon as the river is navigable; mention of resettling at the mills near Frankfurt; lengthy discussion centering on the raising of sheep, the profits from the wool, and the prices of lambs and ewes; mention of Carneal's debts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscourse about misunderstanding of reasons why he should return to Lexington to live.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMention of Dr. Ridgeley and Mr. Wilkins; also confusion over dissolution of contract with Eastland; returning to Lexington in Summer 1809, passed through fertile lands of Cumberland and Green Rivers, and purchased of a Dr. Rumsey a handsome and valuable tract in the Western County; 6000 acres, some of it already opened by nature to cultivation; much land speculation discussed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Bank of Pennsylvania arrangements concerning [Charles] Wilkins and involving George Taylor; discussion centering on sales and purchases of slaves, including not separating families; land sale comments; care of his [PS] children after his [PS] death; other comments about Charles Wilkins, Dr. Ridgely, Dr. Rush, and the \"Stanley affair\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents [Ohio?] land sales discussion mentioning [Charles] Wilkins, Dr. Ridgely, and [Daniel C.?] Cooper and involving marketable price of flour and whiskey in \"tight casks\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecently learned from Francis Scott Key, a lawyer in Washington, [D.C.], that Gen. James Wilkinson, who Key was prosecuting on his behalf, has assigned all his property to trustees for the benefit of his creditors; learned from his statement that he possessed an island off Mobile Bay; would like to learn more of it, as to name, value, quality of soil, etc.; will be travelling on Mississippi River this autumn; may visit your quarter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSale of Ohio lands involving Charles Wilkins; discussion of disposition of his negroes including their aging and thus not bearing any more children, separating families, and selling them to masters of their own choosing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMonetary matters; read in papers a movement in congress to extend payments, and another to lower the price on the sale of public lands, and how the War [of 1812] will affect their [Congress] time in making final decisions; land sales; John [Cleve Short] wishes to join the Army, and may be the aide to General William Henry Harrison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives proposal to pay debts owed and provide for family after his death, involving sales of land, transfers of mortgages of land in Indiana and Kentucky, and use of negroes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents His [WS] idea of when he [PS] visited [William Branch] Giles was incorrect, for he visited him at his house in Amelia [Co., Va.] in 1802, and obtained titles to certain lands then; defends his actions in trying to \"chase down\" unpaid claims, rather than letting them go; mentions debts and claims involving Fulwar Skipwith, Gen. [James] Wilkinson, and Col. Henry (on behalf of his [PS] daughters by his second wife).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Boulware affair disappointing; sued in court, but could get back no more than property and, from a third person, $500; mills returned in a ruinous state; both our interests dictate repair of property; on advice of Charles Wilkins, have written son John for his aid; sorry the Eastland purchase so misunderstood by Wilkins and Ridgely; have been offered $8000 cash, $4000 less than value; if Boulware sale had gone through, it would have netted $20,000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDetailed plan for settlement of debts and estate; expresses gratitude for his support; sister, [Jane (Short) Wilkins] is dying.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLatest debt and estate settlement proposals mostly agreeable; feels that he [PS] has only hurt himself [through his speculation]; sorry to hear about sister, but knows she will soon be in heaven.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Charles [Wilkins Short] doing very well in Hopkinsville, Ky., with a lucrative practice; reviews past ten years of business matters mentioning matters such as the success of coal mines in Kentucky until after the War [of 1812], when the rest of the United States was in a state of depression, a mill that was razed during the earthquakes in the winter of 1811-1812, supporting his children in various matters, and the sales of land labor, and farm stock and produce; comment about invitation to move to Texas, but states that he is not a \"man of war\" and would only go \"to cultivate the earth\"; pledge to repay all money owed to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIf Wilkinson's and his case come up before his appearance, please have Mr. Wickliffe appear instead of Mr. Haggar, who might betray him; do not know if [Henry] Clay has, but thinks he has come near; can promise Wickliffe respectable fee; sorry about illness of last sister; has promised brother [William] an additional lien on estate to secure balance of payment due him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComment on continued breakdown of communication between one another; debt and mortgage information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProblems in communicating clearly despite being brothers; mention of Christian [Co., Ky.] estate; $1000 has been deposited in bank in Pittsburgh to be paid to him and will send more if it is necessary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt discussion; mention of Christian Co., [Ky.] land conveyance and dealing with the Clerk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas heard that he is purchasing a parcel of land in Lexington, [Ky.], and paying for it in cash; expresses shock and disbelief at his ability to do this after all of the previous correspondence concerning his enormous debt situation; other discussion centering on monetary solvency.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Dated 1783-1825. Letters, 1783-1825, primarily between William Short (1759-1849), American diplomat and financier, who, after a career in Europe, settled in Philadelphia, Pa., and his brother, Peyton Short (1761-1825), a native of Virginia who moved to Kentucky and engaged in extensive land speculation there and in Ohio. William gives advice concerning Peyton's career and the education of his children, and discusses other family matters, but is primarily concerned with various speculative land transactions in Kentucky and Ohio. Frequent litigation is involved, and, in the later years, William and Peyton's letters show an estrangement brought on by the latter's financial problems.","Urges him to stand for election in the fall, as best means to get his name before the public.","Admonishes him to overcome his natural shyness if he is to be a lawyer.","Is leaving for Falmouth on British packet Oct. 7; has met some of fellow passengers, including secretary to Dutch legation; Spoke with Henry Laurens on conditions in Europe; directs that proceeds of sale of negroes be invested in lots in Norfolk.","Directs him to write in care of Benjamin Harrison, merchant of Richmond; has seen his advertisements in the Virginia papers concerning lands for sale in Virginia and Kentucky, and wonders the cause; inquires into [plantation?] sale to Col. [John] Harvie; awaiting statement of accounts and affairs from Harrison, his agent; desires to know of future plans; has given up idea of practicing law and representing Surry Co. in the legislature [?]; best to sisters and Major Edmonds.","Has received no word in so long, is sending this letter by way of [Thomas] Jefferson, who will be sure it is delivered; Jefferson reported receiving a letter to be forwarded which, however, had no enclosure; Jefferson sent news of the family, including marriage of sister, Jenny; pressed sister, Eliza, to send a letter, and assured her of its safe delivery, but to no avail; aversion of Americans to writing; anxious for safety of family in Kentucky because of Indian War; will leave Holland tomorrow for Spain via France; send letters to Jefferson or through J. Browne, merchant of Richmond; passage through France risky, because of present troubles; papers and library scattered; his European affairs entrusted to a Dutch concern; if problems arise, Jefferson can help; Col. [Henry] Skipwith, handling affairs in Va.; asks about Norfolk and western lands purchases; laments having ever left home.","Scope and Contents Had hoped to be home long ago, but the President, [Washington] refused to accept resignation; then death of someone in Europe prevented departure; recently learned letters sent to America not reaching Kentucky; pained by lack of letters, but attributes it not to inattention, but Americans' almost universal aversion to writing; since the beginning of the [European] War, correspondence most precarious, even Jefferson not writing; Devilmont, arriving in Spain from Ft. Pitt, [Pa.], just when preparing to depart; spoke of family affairs, and of hazards of getting mail to Kentucky; would have written through Devilmont but he left Madrid two days sooner than expected, which occasioned having to write letters and dispatches over a 48 hour period; has been subject to headaches, some violent and incapacitating; is only health problem of consequence, thinks it a \"family disorder\" stemming from mother's side; glad Eliza married, since this is the \"natural course to happiness, especially for women\"; personal affairs are in sorry state, as had not made better arrangements before leaving, and does not have a good friend in Richmond; has no clue to state of affairs, management of which has passed from [Benjamin] Harrison to Col. [Henry] Skipwith, (who has not sent the accounting he promised eight years ago), and then to Messers. Donald and Browne; Jefferson now in charge of some affairs, but these out of his way.","Scope and Contents Has received letter of 29 Nov [1799], and only sorry it did not contain more details of the family's life; interested in every detail, no matter how minute; has been lucky in life, but to be in one's own country, working towards a better life, under free government, the happiest life; alarmed to read brother contemplating trip to Europe, as it would take him away from affairs and would be dangerous and costly; hopes to return next summer or winter; if he writes while congress is in session, when Jefferson is absent, send mail through John Barnes, merchant of Philadelphia, through post from Kentucky; Barnes is agent appointed by Jefferson to handle affairs formerly administered by Skipwith; Col. [Henry] Skipwith has no been the best manager, but can find no fault with him in law or equity; recounts at great length problems in affairs and his attempts to have a reckoning of them; asks advice on how to collect money owed; cautions that he deal fairly and honestly with Col. Skipwith, as he is a relative and has always shown himself to be a friend; hopes to be home soon, but still wants this business begun as soon as possible; Jefferson has documents relative to Skipwith's agency which he will make available; asks about title to lands bought from Pasky [?]; questions about western land deals, and reflects on effects of \"family disease\" [Speculation] which has afflicted them both; observations on land use arrangements in Europe, including serfdom (which he compares to slavery) and metayers (sharecroppers); reflects on uncertain income of landlords and large farmers, and the evils resulting; happy to see his brother so prosperous; sorry to hear sad fate of negroes on Mush Island, who were sold; if had been in Virginia, would have put up money to buy those who could not find good masters, as Harvie ever was; if any of them can be found in the hands of cruel masters, buy them, and if they are capable of providing for their families, give them freedom; if not hire them out to good masters; give particular attention to female slaves; family slaves from Surry, are those most concerned about, wishes them seen to; expresses happiness that nephew Edmonds well provided for with a good guardian but hopes to be able to take over that position after arriving in America; Fulwar Skipwith has suffered a reversal of fortune since arriving in Paris and is embarrassed in his circumstances; has some money coming to him from Sir Peyton [Skipwith]; try to recover sum from Sir Peyton.","Refers to letter of July 28 1800,; as suspected, Fulwar Skipwith's letter indicates money must be gotten from Sir Peyton [Skipwith]; happy to receive letter of 29 Nov. 1799, with such a detailed account of brother's finances; reiterates opposition to brother visiting in Europe; discusses Col. [Henry] Skipwith's handling of his affairs, Paskie and western lands; encapsulates account of metayers (share croppers) of France, and the need to keep regular accounts.","Happy to receive letter of 29 Nov. 1799; has recently sent two large letters, largely concerning state of affairs with Col. [Henry] Skipwith; hopes it will be satisfactorily completed soon; has seen Dr. Watkins in Paris, and learned much about Kentucky and the family, especially as to mode of life, which never is revealed in letters; the family's prosperity all due to his better judgement, as himself had counseled against this enterprise; great happiness in having lands cultivated by tenants rather than slaves; would never have guessed that there were land so plentiful and cheap, so many could be found to work the land of others; this the best kind of property; wish had invested in such land long ago; sorry had not invested in Kentucky as you advised, but left it with [Col. Henry Skipwith], and which by now would have produced a fortune; would it still be possible to trade the 10,000 acres for land near his?; discusses profitability of rent vis-a-vis expenses; hopes plan of Dr. Watkins succeeds, and negotiations with the [Spanish] government successful; much land for sale in the U.S. north and south; has heard Kentucky lands four to six times more valuable since 1794.","Have received no letter of late; Mr. Barnes, near Georgetown, and Jefferson report no letters received; has had to postpone leaving one more year, may be next fall or spring; again counsels against a trip to Europe; leaving tomorrow for Auvergne, and waters of Vichy; if remain in Europe, not sure if will winter in Paris or take another voyage; has heard some report that Mr. Watkins has met with some misfortune in Spain; does not think his mission will be successful; please send letter through Barnes or Jefferson.","Scope and Contents Expresses appreciation for travels on behalf of the Harvie deal, and promise of the same for the Paskie affair ; hopes to return next spring, but will not fix the time of arrival, as so often disappointed; time spent at waters and in mountains has been very good for health; observations and speculation on Col. [Henry] Skipwith affair, happy satisfied with agricultural observations; tells of difficulty of transporting a ram to Kentucky, and the experience of one Frenchman who tried sending some to his farm in New York, their rising price, along with that of their wool, due to efforts of the French Government; sassafras is a good crop for Kentucky mentioned to Dr. Watkins; reiterates inquiry about Mush Island Slaves; asks for another yearly account, as did last year, only more detailed; copy of agricultural arithmetic on Spanish ram production; will send letters to Jefferson, but under cover to Barnes; please do same; advised having sisters ratify division of father's negroes when they came of age; death of sister Sally gives other sisters claim on negroes left by her; has estate been settled?; what about Poythress, Peters, [Kerrs?]; problems the result of \"ruinous\" Negro property.","Expresses grief on loss of brother's wife [Maria (Symmes) Short]; on returning [to America] plan to go westward after taking care of long-neglected affairs; will probably arrive next spring, somewhere in the far north; happy Harvie lands purchased; laments extent of slavery in Kentucky; France to people the Spanish territories of the lower Mississippi River; might have been avoided by better [American] handling of foreign affairs; inadvisability of proceeding with Col. [Henry] Skipwith until return; mention of nephew [John T.] Edmunds.","Discusses journey from Winchester, [Va.]; opposed to sale of Jersey estate, and does not wish to purchase it; disparages speculation as a characteristic of Americans, especially Westerners; Wilson Cary Nicholas on way to Kentucky, but not sure where, or whether interested in purchasing his land; account with Sir Peyton Skipwith still uncertain;  two sorrels and chair received; will dispose of the Grey as directed; estate papers from Col. [Henry] Skipwith may be lodged with George Jefferson of Richmond.","Bemoans brother's erratic travels as of late, and their not meeting; thanks for services of \"Old Honest Joe,\" and worries about his return trip; happiness at brother's fortune [remarriage]; is collecting papers dealing with Col. Henry Skipwith's affairs.","Does not know whether to sue or not over Carneal's not having given title or patent to the 10,000 acres of land; if cannot write about this soon, please inform Mr. [Charles?] or Mrs. [Janes (Short)?] Wilkins about status and have them write; have out off trip to Europe; objects to delay in settling Carneal affair; would rather have $8,000 in cash than a bond for $10,000 at the end of the year; feels that sending his sons to the Atlantic states for schooling a good idea; eldest son [John Cleves Short] should go to Bishop Carroll's school near Baltimore , where he will study under French professors; the cost of $400 per year is expensive, but should not be considered impossible since it is considered the best school in the U.S.; write to Nazareth about son [Charles Wilkins Short]; as to bond loaned, had hoped it would go to discharge his debts, not to embarking on new speculative ventures; only desires it to be paid back a little at a time, through agents in New York, Lewis \u0026 Lawrence Brokers, Wall Street or Philadelphia George Taylor, Jr., Broker, Second Street, or to Mr. Charles Wilkins, merchant in Lexington, [Ky.], who will send it to Philadelphia; have not heard from sisters, Wilkins and Ridgely for some time.","Discusses suit against Carneal for breach of contract and contract law; mention of Paskie land; reiterates advice to  send sons to schools in Atlantic States, and soon; discusses a loan; please send mail to Philadelphia, where agent will always know whereabouts; have not heard from Ridgely or Wilkins since last visited, but heard from sister Wilkins that Ridgely is now a farmer and Wilkins is a merchant in Lexington; has not heard of John Edmonds since his marriage; has sent engravings for brother and sisters.","Continued lengthy discussion of Carneal's breach of contract; comments that juries often consider a suit to compel a conveyance as a maneuver by obligee to convert the obligation into a money debt, so it must be proven that the title was demanded and not delivered; immigration is progressing with inconceivable rapidity; some lands in Ohio bought 3 years ago for $2 are now selling for $5-$10 per acre; Paskie lawsuit is at last stage with the decree to be given during present term; discusses speculation; Potomac affair a tactic to get closer to shore.","Scope and Contents Does not know if Capt. Hall (according to Col. Lytle's letter) was able to sell the land as he had hoped; Gen. Wilkins confirmed his comment about selling lands; emigration good in that \"quarter\" so sales are good; also reports that the agent sold his land, used the money for his own purposes and then did not repay it when requested, a common occurrence; Capt. Hall should have received payment for sale, but no word of it; please send information on this matter; agent in Philadelphia is now George Taylor, Jr., South Second Street near the Pennsylvania bank; but while in country receive own money to avoid commission; if any money received, send it to the bank at Pittsburgh in care of Gen. Wilkins; keep apprised of Paskie's land, and prospect for its sale; also request information on Ohio lands; since ignorant of Western geography, indicate nearby watercourses or settlements for reference, has learned of very small inheritance due from Skipwith side of family; each brother's share one-seventieth of the whole estate; wondering about proposed sale of Potomac lands; accidentally learned from R. Peters about his suit against him; will help in any way possible.","Scope and Contents Has just returned from a month's tour in Ohio, but was not able to meet with Capt. Hall; detailed discussions concerning a land sale payment plan, litigation in connection with Paskie lands and the possible sale of some land on the Ohio River; thanks for news on the North Carolina \"windfall\"; lengthy inquiry and information about Jack Edmunds, and debts owed by him; appreciates offer concerning Potomac affair; pointed comments about Sir Peyton Skipwith's estate settlement in connection with a 20-year old debt owed him; also mention of Fulwar Skipwith.","Scope and Contents Inquires about news of Ohio and Cumberland land sales, troubles in Ohio country make their main officers, such as Col Lytle, hard to reach, making business hard to conduct; inquires as to Hall's agency, and the state of affairs regarding the lands under his disposal; discusses merits of having money in the bank at Pittsburgh or Philadelphia; has learned Paskie's land to be titled in his name; the Skipwith \"windfall\" is not enough to bother with; discusses character of George Skipwith; reflects on desire of everyone to go into business, and attendant evils; unhappy situation of a man dependent on foreign commerce or funds for his livelihood.","Inquires about plans for educating sons [John and Charles]; suggests Princeton as a good place; college costs less than $300 a year, with $450 necessary in supplies; surprised over sale of Ohio lands to Carneal at a discount, especially as he always pictured him as dishonest.","Scope and Contents Has inquired into various schools in the region [for John and Charles]; only one definitely to be rejected is Princeton, where students have recently revolted; \"Southern\" boys have so much money they are a bad example and taverns are so near the school, they are a constant temptation; prefers a local school, headed by the Frenchman, Carrè; however, he does not admit boys older than 13 years; requests information on Carneal sale.","More hopeful of embarking this summer than before; will do whatever possible to aid sons [John and Charles] in getting in a school; thinks that the plan of sending one before the other is a good one; Princeton is still in a state of insurrection, but if restructured better than formerly it is to be preferred; looking into Carlisle, and a school at Germantown run by a Catholic priest who does not meddle in religion; chose between three; describes tombstone made for parent's grave; will be leaving in a few days for New York; take care over Carneal sale; have Mr. Wilkins certify handwriting and sell Paskie tract for whatever price reasonable; has made a settlement with Col. Henry Skipwith for $6000, even though the amount should have been closer to $20,000; southern laxity extends even to the bench; to be paid in four installments by way of joint bonds in name of W. Skipwith and Ed. Harrison, who has married Col. [Henry] Skipwith's daughter; Peyton Skipwith and his wife, seen last year on way to Rhode Island, told of marriage; Col. Skipwith is in a bad way financially; his present wife's family says he has spent his wife's estate to pay his debts; pity him but cannot love him as once did.","Sends more precise information on Princeton program, which is better, and more strictly administered since the insurrection; have Mr. Wilkins certify handwriting on Paskie sale; Gen. Wilkins says John Kerr at Chillicothe a good man to handle affairs.","Just returned from the falls at Niagara; problems with the post to Kentucky; discusses evils of speculation, giving the examples of Robert Morris, prince of all [speculators] and George Nicholas; only Pasties tract remains; please press Mr. Wilkins to go to the next court for that.","States opinion of sending sons to Princeton if they desire to study law, rather than school in Philadelphia; mention of Carneal and Col. [Henry] Skipwith and debts owed by them; Paskie land issue.","About to sail for [France?]; has written to Mr. Wilkins about dealings with Carneal; desires moneys to be deposited in Bank of the United States Philadelphia; is leaving a trunk at the U.S. Bank with papers; also in it will be a tin box with titles; his son has not arrived; if he arrives after his departure, he will be assisted by Mr. John Vaughan or Mr. Mahler (?) Dickenson; asks that he sell all of his lands as soon as possible.","In a former letter, advised that horses sell easier and at a better price in Ohio than in Kentucky, and that his horses should be sent there, but has recently observed in the Frankfort Palladium that the horses were put up for public sale; good market for [iron?] castings there; could probably sell 20 or 30 tons assorted; Mr. Owens promised all or part of payment due next spring in tall kettles, and a lower price if collect them at furnace rather than Lexington; perhaps, if funds allow, should have a boat built there to go to New Orleans, and if unable to be sold there, forwarded here; should be converted into a handsome profit in six months; some castings sold just before departure from Kentucky for Whiskey, payable next spring; also sold John W. Hunt two tons at 40 per ton, also to be paid in whiskey; there is a bond to secure a riverboat to send whiskey and other goods from there to New Orleans or any other market down river for his account; has said nothing of contract with MacNale concerning the Woodford Distillery, which would bring in 6000 gallons of whiskey annually until estate sold at $1.25 per gallon wholesale at New Orleans; hopes the contract with George Brown carried out; wants to keep slaves, and reclaim those tricked out of by arch-fiend T. Hart; Suppose lands bought from Dr. Rumsay also on market, although had hoped to retire there; about March 1, an installment of $1000 due Dr. Rumsay is payable at the Russelsville [Ohio?] branch of the bank; think that may be raised in time from sale of lands on Elk River, [Tenn.]; agent there Mr. Hardy Holiman is an honest man; has notified him of land purchased in Christian County, [Ky.], and exhorted him to forward to that Bank the amount indicated to discharge debt; would like to go elsewhere than Kentucky, where not known as someone who has seen better days; contemporaries in Kentucky have been going up at same rate as I going down.","Glad he is travelling by land; please advise as to route; suggests he go westward by way of Col. [James] Henry; should leave patents for the 20,000 acres and other papers with Col. Henry, or some other dependable person; send information as to titles and prices desired; should have stayed in Kentucky, at least in opinion of Dr. Ridgely and Mr. Wilkins; also would have saved living in taverns from Florida to New York these last twelve months; lengthy discussion of travel route and monetary matter.","Planned to go to Kentucky by water, but it turned colder and snowed, so he went overland on foot and by sleigh; now there is ice everywhere; has booked passage to Lexington by boat, which will leave as soon as the river is navigable; mention of resettling at the mills near Frankfurt; lengthy discussion centering on the raising of sheep, the profits from the wool, and the prices of lambs and ewes; mention of Carneal's debts.","Discourse about misunderstanding of reasons why he should return to Lexington to live.","Mention of Dr. Ridgeley and Mr. Wilkins; also confusion over dissolution of contract with Eastland; returning to Lexington in Summer 1809, passed through fertile lands of Cumberland and Green Rivers, and purchased of a Dr. Rumsey a handsome and valuable tract in the Western County; 6000 acres, some of it already opened by nature to cultivation; much land speculation discussed.","Scope and Contents Bank of Pennsylvania arrangements concerning [Charles] Wilkins and involving George Taylor; discussion centering on sales and purchases of slaves, including not separating families; land sale comments; care of his [PS] children after his [PS] death; other comments about Charles Wilkins, Dr. Ridgely, Dr. Rush, and the \"Stanley affair\".","Scope and Contents [Ohio?] land sales discussion mentioning [Charles] Wilkins, Dr. Ridgely, and [Daniel C.?] Cooper and involving marketable price of flour and whiskey in \"tight casks\".","Recently learned from Francis Scott Key, a lawyer in Washington, [D.C.], that Gen. James Wilkinson, who Key was prosecuting on his behalf, has assigned all his property to trustees for the benefit of his creditors; learned from his statement that he possessed an island off Mobile Bay; would like to learn more of it, as to name, value, quality of soil, etc.; will be travelling on Mississippi River this autumn; may visit your quarter.","Sale of Ohio lands involving Charles Wilkins; discussion of disposition of his negroes including their aging and thus not bearing any more children, separating families, and selling them to masters of their own choosing.","Monetary matters; read in papers a movement in congress to extend payments, and another to lower the price on the sale of public lands, and how the War [of 1812] will affect their [Congress] time in making final decisions; land sales; John [Cleve Short] wishes to join the Army, and may be the aide to General William Henry Harrison.","Gives proposal to pay debts owed and provide for family after his death, involving sales of land, transfers of mortgages of land in Indiana and Kentucky, and use of negroes.","Scope and Contents His [WS] idea of when he [PS] visited [William Branch] Giles was incorrect, for he visited him at his house in Amelia [Co., Va.] in 1802, and obtained titles to certain lands then; defends his actions in trying to \"chase down\" unpaid claims, rather than letting them go; mentions debts and claims involving Fulwar Skipwith, Gen. [James] Wilkinson, and Col. Henry (on behalf of his [PS] daughters by his second wife).","Richard Boulware affair disappointing; sued in court, but could get back no more than property and, from a third person, $500; mills returned in a ruinous state; both our interests dictate repair of property; on advice of Charles Wilkins, have written son John for his aid; sorry the Eastland purchase so misunderstood by Wilkins and Ridgely; have been offered $8000 cash, $4000 less than value; if Boulware sale had gone through, it would have netted $20,000.","Detailed plan for settlement of debts and estate; expresses gratitude for his support; sister, [Jane (Short) Wilkins] is dying.","Latest debt and estate settlement proposals mostly agreeable; feels that he [PS] has only hurt himself [through his speculation]; sorry to hear about sister, but knows she will soon be in heaven.","Scope and Contents Charles [Wilkins Short] doing very well in Hopkinsville, Ky., with a lucrative practice; reviews past ten years of business matters mentioning matters such as the success of coal mines in Kentucky until after the War [of 1812], when the rest of the United States was in a state of depression, a mill that was razed during the earthquakes in the winter of 1811-1812, supporting his children in various matters, and the sales of land labor, and farm stock and produce; comment about invitation to move to Texas, but states that he is not a \"man of war\" and would only go \"to cultivate the earth\"; pledge to repay all money owed to him.","If Wilkinson's and his case come up before his appearance, please have Mr. Wickliffe appear instead of Mr. Haggar, who might betray him; do not know if [Henry] Clay has, but thinks he has come near; can promise Wickliffe respectable fee; sorry about illness of last sister; has promised brother [William] an additional lien on estate to secure balance of payment due him.","Comment on continued breakdown of communication between one another; debt and mortgage information.","Problems in communicating clearly despite being brothers; mention of Christian [Co., Ky.] estate; $1000 has been deposited in bank in Pittsburgh to be paid to him and will send more if it is necessary.","Debt discussion; mention of Christian Co., [Ky.] land conveyance and dealing with the Clerk.","Has heard that he is purchasing a parcel of land in Lexington, [Ky.], and paying for it in cash; expresses shock and disbelief at his ability to do this after all of the previous correspondence concerning his enormous debt situation; other discussion centering on monetary solvency."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Short, William (1759-1849)","Short, Peyton, 1761-1825","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826"],"names_coll_ssim":["Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Short, William (1759-1849)","Short, Peyton, 1761-1825","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":53,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:41:18.235Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1119","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1119","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1119","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1119","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1119.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Short, William and Peyton, Papers","title_ssm":["William and Peyton Short Papers"],"title_tesim":["William and Peyton Short Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1783-1825"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1783-1825"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1783/1825"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William and Peyton Short Papers, 1783/1825"],"text":["William and Peyton Short Papers, 1783/1825","Mss. 65 Sh9","/repositories/2/resources/1119","Virginia--History--18th century","Diplomats--United States--Correspondence","Real property","United States--Foreign relations--1783-1815","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783","Correspondence","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","William Short was born in Surry County, Virginia, in 1759, the son of William Short and Elizabeth (Skipwith) Short. He graduated in 1779 from the College of William and Mary where he had been one of the founders of Phi Beta Kappa. He acted as Thomas Jefferson's private secretary in Paris and as secretary of legation and charge d'affairs. He was minister to The Hague. He participated in negotiations of the Pinchney Treaty with Spain. Short died in 1849. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Other Information:","A PDF document of this inventory is available online.","Additional information may be found at http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/findingaids/65_Sh9_Short__William_and_Peyton.pdf","Processed by Michael Foret in 1983.","Dated 1783-1825. Letters, 1783-1825, primarily between William Short (1759-1849), American diplomat and financier, who, after a career in Europe, settled in Philadelphia, Pa., and his brother, Peyton Short (1761-1825), a native of Virginia who moved to Kentucky and engaged in extensive land speculation there and in Ohio. William gives advice concerning Peyton's career and the education of his children, and discusses other family matters, but is primarily concerned with various speculative land transactions in Kentucky and Ohio. Frequent litigation is involved, and, in the later years, William and Peyton's letters show an estrangement brought on by the latter's financial problems.","Urges him to stand for election in the fall, as best means to get his name before the public.","Admonishes him to overcome his natural shyness if he is to be a lawyer.","Is leaving for Falmouth on British packet Oct. 7; has met some of fellow passengers, including secretary to Dutch legation; Spoke with Henry Laurens on conditions in Europe; directs that proceeds of sale of negroes be invested in lots in Norfolk.","Directs him to write in care of Benjamin Harrison, merchant of Richmond; has seen his advertisements in the Virginia papers concerning lands for sale in Virginia and Kentucky, and wonders the cause; inquires into [plantation?] sale to Col. [John] Harvie; awaiting statement of accounts and affairs from Harrison, his agent; desires to know of future plans; has given up idea of practicing law and representing Surry Co. in the legislature [?]; best to sisters and Major Edmonds.","Has received no word in so long, is sending this letter by way of [Thomas] Jefferson, who will be sure it is delivered; Jefferson reported receiving a letter to be forwarded which, however, had no enclosure; Jefferson sent news of the family, including marriage of sister, Jenny; pressed sister, Eliza, to send a letter, and assured her of its safe delivery, but to no avail; aversion of Americans to writing; anxious for safety of family in Kentucky because of Indian War; will leave Holland tomorrow for Spain via France; send letters to Jefferson or through J. Browne, merchant of Richmond; passage through France risky, because of present troubles; papers and library scattered; his European affairs entrusted to a Dutch concern; if problems arise, Jefferson can help; Col. [Henry] Skipwith, handling affairs in Va.; asks about Norfolk and western lands purchases; laments having ever left home.","Scope and Contents Had hoped to be home long ago, but the President, [Washington] refused to accept resignation; then death of someone in Europe prevented departure; recently learned letters sent to America not reaching Kentucky; pained by lack of letters, but attributes it not to inattention, but Americans' almost universal aversion to writing; since the beginning of the [European] War, correspondence most precarious, even Jefferson not writing; Devilmont, arriving in Spain from Ft. Pitt, [Pa.], just when preparing to depart; spoke of family affairs, and of hazards of getting mail to Kentucky; would have written through Devilmont but he left Madrid two days sooner than expected, which occasioned having to write letters and dispatches over a 48 hour period; has been subject to headaches, some violent and incapacitating; is only health problem of consequence, thinks it a \"family disorder\" stemming from mother's side; glad Eliza married, since this is the \"natural course to happiness, especially for women\"; personal affairs are in sorry state, as had not made better arrangements before leaving, and does not have a good friend in Richmond; has no clue to state of affairs, management of which has passed from [Benjamin] Harrison to Col. [Henry] Skipwith, (who has not sent the accounting he promised eight years ago), and then to Messers. Donald and Browne; Jefferson now in charge of some affairs, but these out of his way.","Scope and Contents Has received letter of 29 Nov [1799], and only sorry it did not contain more details of the family's life; interested in every detail, no matter how minute; has been lucky in life, but to be in one's own country, working towards a better life, under free government, the happiest life; alarmed to read brother contemplating trip to Europe, as it would take him away from affairs and would be dangerous and costly; hopes to return next summer or winter; if he writes while congress is in session, when Jefferson is absent, send mail through John Barnes, merchant of Philadelphia, through post from Kentucky; Barnes is agent appointed by Jefferson to handle affairs formerly administered by Skipwith; Col. [Henry] Skipwith has no been the best manager, but can find no fault with him in law or equity; recounts at great length problems in affairs and his attempts to have a reckoning of them; asks advice on how to collect money owed; cautions that he deal fairly and honestly with Col. Skipwith, as he is a relative and has always shown himself to be a friend; hopes to be home soon, but still wants this business begun as soon as possible; Jefferson has documents relative to Skipwith's agency which he will make available; asks about title to lands bought from Pasky [?]; questions about western land deals, and reflects on effects of \"family disease\" [Speculation] which has afflicted them both; observations on land use arrangements in Europe, including serfdom (which he compares to slavery) and metayers (sharecroppers); reflects on uncertain income of landlords and large farmers, and the evils resulting; happy to see his brother so prosperous; sorry to hear sad fate of negroes on Mush Island, who were sold; if had been in Virginia, would have put up money to buy those who could not find good masters, as Harvie ever was; if any of them can be found in the hands of cruel masters, buy them, and if they are capable of providing for their families, give them freedom; if not hire them out to good masters; give particular attention to female slaves; family slaves from Surry, are those most concerned about, wishes them seen to; expresses happiness that nephew Edmonds well provided for with a good guardian but hopes to be able to take over that position after arriving in America; Fulwar Skipwith has suffered a reversal of fortune since arriving in Paris and is embarrassed in his circumstances; has some money coming to him from Sir Peyton [Skipwith]; try to recover sum from Sir Peyton.","Refers to letter of July 28 1800,; as suspected, Fulwar Skipwith's letter indicates money must be gotten from Sir Peyton [Skipwith]; happy to receive letter of 29 Nov. 1799, with such a detailed account of brother's finances; reiterates opposition to brother visiting in Europe; discusses Col. [Henry] Skipwith's handling of his affairs, Paskie and western lands; encapsulates account of metayers (share croppers) of France, and the need to keep regular accounts.","Happy to receive letter of 29 Nov. 1799; has recently sent two large letters, largely concerning state of affairs with Col. [Henry] Skipwith; hopes it will be satisfactorily completed soon; has seen Dr. Watkins in Paris, and learned much about Kentucky and the family, especially as to mode of life, which never is revealed in letters; the family's prosperity all due to his better judgement, as himself had counseled against this enterprise; great happiness in having lands cultivated by tenants rather than slaves; would never have guessed that there were land so plentiful and cheap, so many could be found to work the land of others; this the best kind of property; wish had invested in such land long ago; sorry had not invested in Kentucky as you advised, but left it with [Col. Henry Skipwith], and which by now would have produced a fortune; would it still be possible to trade the 10,000 acres for land near his?; discusses profitability of rent vis-a-vis expenses; hopes plan of Dr. Watkins succeeds, and negotiations with the [Spanish] government successful; much land for sale in the U.S. north and south; has heard Kentucky lands four to six times more valuable since 1794.","Have received no letter of late; Mr. Barnes, near Georgetown, and Jefferson report no letters received; has had to postpone leaving one more year, may be next fall or spring; again counsels against a trip to Europe; leaving tomorrow for Auvergne, and waters of Vichy; if remain in Europe, not sure if will winter in Paris or take another voyage; has heard some report that Mr. Watkins has met with some misfortune in Spain; does not think his mission will be successful; please send letter through Barnes or Jefferson.","Scope and Contents Expresses appreciation for travels on behalf of the Harvie deal, and promise of the same for the Paskie affair ; hopes to return next spring, but will not fix the time of arrival, as so often disappointed; time spent at waters and in mountains has been very good for health; observations and speculation on Col. [Henry] Skipwith affair, happy satisfied with agricultural observations; tells of difficulty of transporting a ram to Kentucky, and the experience of one Frenchman who tried sending some to his farm in New York, their rising price, along with that of their wool, due to efforts of the French Government; sassafras is a good crop for Kentucky mentioned to Dr. Watkins; reiterates inquiry about Mush Island Slaves; asks for another yearly account, as did last year, only more detailed; copy of agricultural arithmetic on Spanish ram production; will send letters to Jefferson, but under cover to Barnes; please do same; advised having sisters ratify division of father's negroes when they came of age; death of sister Sally gives other sisters claim on negroes left by her; has estate been settled?; what about Poythress, Peters, [Kerrs?]; problems the result of \"ruinous\" Negro property.","Expresses grief on loss of brother's wife [Maria (Symmes) Short]; on returning [to America] plan to go westward after taking care of long-neglected affairs; will probably arrive next spring, somewhere in the far north; happy Harvie lands purchased; laments extent of slavery in Kentucky; France to people the Spanish territories of the lower Mississippi River; might have been avoided by better [American] handling of foreign affairs; inadvisability of proceeding with Col. [Henry] Skipwith until return; mention of nephew [John T.] Edmunds.","Discusses journey from Winchester, [Va.]; opposed to sale of Jersey estate, and does not wish to purchase it; disparages speculation as a characteristic of Americans, especially Westerners; Wilson Cary Nicholas on way to Kentucky, but not sure where, or whether interested in purchasing his land; account with Sir Peyton Skipwith still uncertain;  two sorrels and chair received; will dispose of the Grey as directed; estate papers from Col. [Henry] Skipwith may be lodged with George Jefferson of Richmond.","Bemoans brother's erratic travels as of late, and their not meeting; thanks for services of \"Old Honest Joe,\" and worries about his return trip; happiness at brother's fortune [remarriage]; is collecting papers dealing with Col. Henry Skipwith's affairs.","Does not know whether to sue or not over Carneal's not having given title or patent to the 10,000 acres of land; if cannot write about this soon, please inform Mr. [Charles?] or Mrs. [Janes (Short)?] Wilkins about status and have them write; have out off trip to Europe; objects to delay in settling Carneal affair; would rather have $8,000 in cash than a bond for $10,000 at the end of the year; feels that sending his sons to the Atlantic states for schooling a good idea; eldest son [John Cleves Short] should go to Bishop Carroll's school near Baltimore , where he will study under French professors; the cost of $400 per year is expensive, but should not be considered impossible since it is considered the best school in the U.S.; write to Nazareth about son [Charles Wilkins Short]; as to bond loaned, had hoped it would go to discharge his debts, not to embarking on new speculative ventures; only desires it to be paid back a little at a time, through agents in New York, Lewis \u0026 Lawrence Brokers, Wall Street or Philadelphia George Taylor, Jr., Broker, Second Street, or to Mr. Charles Wilkins, merchant in Lexington, [Ky.], who will send it to Philadelphia; have not heard from sisters, Wilkins and Ridgely for some time.","Discusses suit against Carneal for breach of contract and contract law; mention of Paskie land; reiterates advice to  send sons to schools in Atlantic States, and soon; discusses a loan; please send mail to Philadelphia, where agent will always know whereabouts; have not heard from Ridgely or Wilkins since last visited, but heard from sister Wilkins that Ridgely is now a farmer and Wilkins is a merchant in Lexington; has not heard of John Edmonds since his marriage; has sent engravings for brother and sisters.","Continued lengthy discussion of Carneal's breach of contract; comments that juries often consider a suit to compel a conveyance as a maneuver by obligee to convert the obligation into a money debt, so it must be proven that the title was demanded and not delivered; immigration is progressing with inconceivable rapidity; some lands in Ohio bought 3 years ago for $2 are now selling for $5-$10 per acre; Paskie lawsuit is at last stage with the decree to be given during present term; discusses speculation; Potomac affair a tactic to get closer to shore.","Scope and Contents Does not know if Capt. Hall (according to Col. Lytle's letter) was able to sell the land as he had hoped; Gen. Wilkins confirmed his comment about selling lands; emigration good in that \"quarter\" so sales are good; also reports that the agent sold his land, used the money for his own purposes and then did not repay it when requested, a common occurrence; Capt. Hall should have received payment for sale, but no word of it; please send information on this matter; agent in Philadelphia is now George Taylor, Jr., South Second Street near the Pennsylvania bank; but while in country receive own money to avoid commission; if any money received, send it to the bank at Pittsburgh in care of Gen. Wilkins; keep apprised of Paskie's land, and prospect for its sale; also request information on Ohio lands; since ignorant of Western geography, indicate nearby watercourses or settlements for reference, has learned of very small inheritance due from Skipwith side of family; each brother's share one-seventieth of the whole estate; wondering about proposed sale of Potomac lands; accidentally learned from R. Peters about his suit against him; will help in any way possible.","Scope and Contents Has just returned from a month's tour in Ohio, but was not able to meet with Capt. Hall; detailed discussions concerning a land sale payment plan, litigation in connection with Paskie lands and the possible sale of some land on the Ohio River; thanks for news on the North Carolina \"windfall\"; lengthy inquiry and information about Jack Edmunds, and debts owed by him; appreciates offer concerning Potomac affair; pointed comments about Sir Peyton Skipwith's estate settlement in connection with a 20-year old debt owed him; also mention of Fulwar Skipwith.","Scope and Contents Inquires about news of Ohio and Cumberland land sales, troubles in Ohio country make their main officers, such as Col Lytle, hard to reach, making business hard to conduct; inquires as to Hall's agency, and the state of affairs regarding the lands under his disposal; discusses merits of having money in the bank at Pittsburgh or Philadelphia; has learned Paskie's land to be titled in his name; the Skipwith \"windfall\" is not enough to bother with; discusses character of George Skipwith; reflects on desire of everyone to go into business, and attendant evils; unhappy situation of a man dependent on foreign commerce or funds for his livelihood.","Inquires about plans for educating sons [John and Charles]; suggests Princeton as a good place; college costs less than $300 a year, with $450 necessary in supplies; surprised over sale of Ohio lands to Carneal at a discount, especially as he always pictured him as dishonest.","Scope and Contents Has inquired into various schools in the region [for John and Charles]; only one definitely to be rejected is Princeton, where students have recently revolted; \"Southern\" boys have so much money they are a bad example and taverns are so near the school, they are a constant temptation; prefers a local school, headed by the Frenchman, Carrè; however, he does not admit boys older than 13 years; requests information on Carneal sale.","More hopeful of embarking this summer than before; will do whatever possible to aid sons [John and Charles] in getting in a school; thinks that the plan of sending one before the other is a good one; Princeton is still in a state of insurrection, but if restructured better than formerly it is to be preferred; looking into Carlisle, and a school at Germantown run by a Catholic priest who does not meddle in religion; chose between three; describes tombstone made for parent's grave; will be leaving in a few days for New York; take care over Carneal sale; have Mr. Wilkins certify handwriting and sell Paskie tract for whatever price reasonable; has made a settlement with Col. Henry Skipwith for $6000, even though the amount should have been closer to $20,000; southern laxity extends even to the bench; to be paid in four installments by way of joint bonds in name of W. Skipwith and Ed. Harrison, who has married Col. [Henry] Skipwith's daughter; Peyton Skipwith and his wife, seen last year on way to Rhode Island, told of marriage; Col. Skipwith is in a bad way financially; his present wife's family says he has spent his wife's estate to pay his debts; pity him but cannot love him as once did.","Sends more precise information on Princeton program, which is better, and more strictly administered since the insurrection; have Mr. Wilkins certify handwriting on Paskie sale; Gen. Wilkins says John Kerr at Chillicothe a good man to handle affairs.","Just returned from the falls at Niagara; problems with the post to Kentucky; discusses evils of speculation, giving the examples of Robert Morris, prince of all [speculators] and George Nicholas; only Pasties tract remains; please press Mr. Wilkins to go to the next court for that.","States opinion of sending sons to Princeton if they desire to study law, rather than school in Philadelphia; mention of Carneal and Col. [Henry] Skipwith and debts owed by them; Paskie land issue.","About to sail for [France?]; has written to Mr. Wilkins about dealings with Carneal; desires moneys to be deposited in Bank of the United States Philadelphia; is leaving a trunk at the U.S. Bank with papers; also in it will be a tin box with titles; his son has not arrived; if he arrives after his departure, he will be assisted by Mr. John Vaughan or Mr. Mahler (?) Dickenson; asks that he sell all of his lands as soon as possible.","In a former letter, advised that horses sell easier and at a better price in Ohio than in Kentucky, and that his horses should be sent there, but has recently observed in the Frankfort Palladium that the horses were put up for public sale; good market for [iron?] castings there; could probably sell 20 or 30 tons assorted; Mr. Owens promised all or part of payment due next spring in tall kettles, and a lower price if collect them at furnace rather than Lexington; perhaps, if funds allow, should have a boat built there to go to New Orleans, and if unable to be sold there, forwarded here; should be converted into a handsome profit in six months; some castings sold just before departure from Kentucky for Whiskey, payable next spring; also sold John W. Hunt two tons at 40 per ton, also to be paid in whiskey; there is a bond to secure a riverboat to send whiskey and other goods from there to New Orleans or any other market down river for his account; has said nothing of contract with MacNale concerning the Woodford Distillery, which would bring in 6000 gallons of whiskey annually until estate sold at $1.25 per gallon wholesale at New Orleans; hopes the contract with George Brown carried out; wants to keep slaves, and reclaim those tricked out of by arch-fiend T. Hart; Suppose lands bought from Dr. Rumsay also on market, although had hoped to retire there; about March 1, an installment of $1000 due Dr. Rumsay is payable at the Russelsville [Ohio?] branch of the bank; think that may be raised in time from sale of lands on Elk River, [Tenn.]; agent there Mr. Hardy Holiman is an honest man; has notified him of land purchased in Christian County, [Ky.], and exhorted him to forward to that Bank the amount indicated to discharge debt; would like to go elsewhere than Kentucky, where not known as someone who has seen better days; contemporaries in Kentucky have been going up at same rate as I going down.","Glad he is travelling by land; please advise as to route; suggests he go westward by way of Col. [James] Henry; should leave patents for the 20,000 acres and other papers with Col. Henry, or some other dependable person; send information as to titles and prices desired; should have stayed in Kentucky, at least in opinion of Dr. Ridgely and Mr. Wilkins; also would have saved living in taverns from Florida to New York these last twelve months; lengthy discussion of travel route and monetary matter.","Planned to go to Kentucky by water, but it turned colder and snowed, so he went overland on foot and by sleigh; now there is ice everywhere; has booked passage to Lexington by boat, which will leave as soon as the river is navigable; mention of resettling at the mills near Frankfurt; lengthy discussion centering on the raising of sheep, the profits from the wool, and the prices of lambs and ewes; mention of Carneal's debts.","Discourse about misunderstanding of reasons why he should return to Lexington to live.","Mention of Dr. Ridgeley and Mr. Wilkins; also confusion over dissolution of contract with Eastland; returning to Lexington in Summer 1809, passed through fertile lands of Cumberland and Green Rivers, and purchased of a Dr. Rumsey a handsome and valuable tract in the Western County; 6000 acres, some of it already opened by nature to cultivation; much land speculation discussed.","Scope and Contents Bank of Pennsylvania arrangements concerning [Charles] Wilkins and involving George Taylor; discussion centering on sales and purchases of slaves, including not separating families; land sale comments; care of his [PS] children after his [PS] death; other comments about Charles Wilkins, Dr. Ridgely, Dr. Rush, and the \"Stanley affair\".","Scope and Contents [Ohio?] land sales discussion mentioning [Charles] Wilkins, Dr. Ridgely, and [Daniel C.?] Cooper and involving marketable price of flour and whiskey in \"tight casks\".","Recently learned from Francis Scott Key, a lawyer in Washington, [D.C.], that Gen. James Wilkinson, who Key was prosecuting on his behalf, has assigned all his property to trustees for the benefit of his creditors; learned from his statement that he possessed an island off Mobile Bay; would like to learn more of it, as to name, value, quality of soil, etc.; will be travelling on Mississippi River this autumn; may visit your quarter.","Sale of Ohio lands involving Charles Wilkins; discussion of disposition of his negroes including their aging and thus not bearing any more children, separating families, and selling them to masters of their own choosing.","Monetary matters; read in papers a movement in congress to extend payments, and another to lower the price on the sale of public lands, and how the War [of 1812] will affect their [Congress] time in making final decisions; land sales; John [Cleve Short] wishes to join the Army, and may be the aide to General William Henry Harrison.","Gives proposal to pay debts owed and provide for family after his death, involving sales of land, transfers of mortgages of land in Indiana and Kentucky, and use of negroes.","Scope and Contents His [WS] idea of when he [PS] visited [William Branch] Giles was incorrect, for he visited him at his house in Amelia [Co., Va.] in 1802, and obtained titles to certain lands then; defends his actions in trying to \"chase down\" unpaid claims, rather than letting them go; mentions debts and claims involving Fulwar Skipwith, Gen. [James] Wilkinson, and Col. Henry (on behalf of his [PS] daughters by his second wife).","Richard Boulware affair disappointing; sued in court, but could get back no more than property and, from a third person, $500; mills returned in a ruinous state; both our interests dictate repair of property; on advice of Charles Wilkins, have written son John for his aid; sorry the Eastland purchase so misunderstood by Wilkins and Ridgely; have been offered $8000 cash, $4000 less than value; if Boulware sale had gone through, it would have netted $20,000.","Detailed plan for settlement of debts and estate; expresses gratitude for his support; sister, [Jane (Short) Wilkins] is dying.","Latest debt and estate settlement proposals mostly agreeable; feels that he [PS] has only hurt himself [through his speculation]; sorry to hear about sister, but knows she will soon be in heaven.","Scope and Contents Charles [Wilkins Short] doing very well in Hopkinsville, Ky., with a lucrative practice; reviews past ten years of business matters mentioning matters such as the success of coal mines in Kentucky until after the War [of 1812], when the rest of the United States was in a state of depression, a mill that was razed during the earthquakes in the winter of 1811-1812, supporting his children in various matters, and the sales of land labor, and farm stock and produce; comment about invitation to move to Texas, but states that he is not a \"man of war\" and would only go \"to cultivate the earth\"; pledge to repay all money owed to him.","If Wilkinson's and his case come up before his appearance, please have Mr. Wickliffe appear instead of Mr. Haggar, who might betray him; do not know if [Henry] Clay has, but thinks he has come near; can promise Wickliffe respectable fee; sorry about illness of last sister; has promised brother [William] an additional lien on estate to secure balance of payment due him.","Comment on continued breakdown of communication between one another; debt and mortgage information.","Problems in communicating clearly despite being brothers; mention of Christian [Co., Ky.] estate; $1000 has been deposited in bank in Pittsburgh to be paid to him and will send more if it is necessary.","Debt discussion; mention of Christian Co., [Ky.] land conveyance and dealing with the Clerk.","Has heard that he is purchasing a parcel of land in Lexington, [Ky.], and paying for it in cash; expresses shock and disbelief at his ability to do this after all of the previous correspondence concerning his enormous debt situation; other discussion centering on monetary solvency.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Short, William (1759-1849)","Short, Peyton, 1761-1825","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William and Peyton Short Papers, 1783/1825"],"collection_ssim":["William and Peyton Short Papers, 1783/1825"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 65 Sh9","/repositories/2/resources/1119"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 65 Sh9","/repositories/2/resources/1119"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--History--18th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--History--18th century"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--History--18th century"],"creator_ssm":["Short, William (1759-1849)","Short, Peyton, 1761-1825"],"creator_ssim":["Short, William (1759-1849)","Short, Peyton, 1761-1825"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Short, William (1759-1849)","Short, Peyton, 1761-1825","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Short, William (1759-1849)","Short, Peyton, 1761-1825","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Diplomats--United States--Correspondence","Real property","United States--Foreign relations--1783-1815","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Diplomats--United States--Correspondence","Real property","United States--Foreign relations--1783-1815","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.20 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.20 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Short was born in Surry County, Virginia, in 1759, the son of William Short and Elizabeth (Skipwith) Short. He graduated in 1779 from the College of William and Mary where he had been one of the founders of Phi Beta Kappa. He acted as Thomas Jefferson's private secretary in Paris and as secretary of legation and charge d'affairs. He was minister to The Hague. He participated in negotiations of the Pinchney Treaty with Spain. Short died in 1849. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/William_Short_(1759-1849)\" title=\"William Short (1759-1849)\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Short was born in Surry County, Virginia, in 1759, the son of William Short and Elizabeth (Skipwith) Short. He graduated in 1779 from the College of William and Mary where he had been one of the founders of Phi Beta Kappa. He acted as Thomas Jefferson's private secretary in Paris and as secretary of legation and charge d'affairs. He was minister to The Hague. He participated in negotiations of the Pinchney Treaty with Spain. Short died in 1849. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: ."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther Information:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e A PDF document of this inventory is available online.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Additional information may be found at http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/findingaids/65_Sh9_Short__William_and_Peyton.pdf\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Other Information:","A PDF document of this inventory is available online.","Additional information may be found at http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/findingaids/65_Sh9_Short__William_and_Peyton.pdf"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam and Peyton Short Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["William and Peyton Short Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Michael Foret in 1983.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Michael Foret in 1983."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDated 1783-1825. Letters, 1783-1825, primarily between William Short (1759-1849), American diplomat and financier, who, after a career in Europe, settled in Philadelphia, Pa., and his brother, Peyton Short (1761-1825), a native of Virginia who moved to Kentucky and engaged in extensive land speculation there and in Ohio. William gives advice concerning Peyton's career and the education of his children, and discusses other family matters, but is primarily concerned with various speculative land transactions in Kentucky and Ohio. Frequent litigation is involved, and, in the later years, William and Peyton's letters show an estrangement brought on by the latter's financial problems.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eUrges him to stand for election in the fall, as best means to get his name before the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdmonishes him to overcome his natural shyness if he is to be a lawyer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs leaving for Falmouth on British packet Oct. 7; has met some of fellow passengers, including secretary to Dutch legation; Spoke with Henry Laurens on conditions in Europe; directs that proceeds of sale of negroes be invested in lots in Norfolk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDirects him to write in care of Benjamin Harrison, merchant of Richmond; has seen his advertisements in the Virginia papers concerning lands for sale in Virginia and Kentucky, and wonders the cause; inquires into [plantation?] sale to Col. [John] Harvie; awaiting statement of accounts and affairs from Harrison, his agent; desires to know of future plans; has given up idea of practicing law and representing Surry Co. in the legislature [?]; best to sisters and Major Edmonds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas received no word in so long, is sending this letter by way of [Thomas] Jefferson, who will be sure it is delivered; Jefferson reported receiving a letter to be forwarded which, however, had no enclosure; Jefferson sent news of the family, including marriage of sister, Jenny; pressed sister, Eliza, to send a letter, and assured her of its safe delivery, but to no avail; aversion of Americans to writing; anxious for safety of family in Kentucky because of Indian War; will leave Holland tomorrow for Spain via France; send letters to Jefferson or through J. Browne, merchant of Richmond; passage through France risky, because of present troubles; papers and library scattered; his European affairs entrusted to a Dutch concern; if problems arise, Jefferson can help; Col. [Henry] Skipwith, handling affairs in Va.; asks about Norfolk and western lands purchases; laments having ever left home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Had hoped to be home long ago, but the President, [Washington] refused to accept resignation; then death of someone in Europe prevented departure; recently learned letters sent to America not reaching Kentucky; pained by lack of letters, but attributes it not to inattention, but Americans' almost universal aversion to writing; since the beginning of the [European] War, correspondence most precarious, even Jefferson not writing; Devilmont, arriving in Spain from Ft. Pitt, [Pa.], just when preparing to depart; spoke of family affairs, and of hazards of getting mail to Kentucky; would have written through Devilmont but he left Madrid two days sooner than expected, which occasioned having to write letters and dispatches over a 48 hour period; has been subject to headaches, some violent and incapacitating; is only health problem of consequence, thinks it a \"family disorder\" stemming from mother's side; glad Eliza married, since this is the \"natural course to happiness, especially for women\"; personal affairs are in sorry state, as had not made better arrangements before leaving, and does not have a good friend in Richmond; has no clue to state of affairs, management of which has passed from [Benjamin] Harrison to Col. [Henry] Skipwith, (who has not sent the accounting he promised eight years ago), and then to Messers. Donald and Browne; Jefferson now in charge of some affairs, but these out of his way.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has received letter of 29 Nov [1799], and only sorry it did not contain more details of the family's life; interested in every detail, no matter how minute; has been lucky in life, but to be in one's own country, working towards a better life, under free government, the happiest life; alarmed to read brother contemplating trip to Europe, as it would take him away from affairs and would be dangerous and costly; hopes to return next summer or winter; if he writes while congress is in session, when Jefferson is absent, send mail through John Barnes, merchant of Philadelphia, through post from Kentucky; Barnes is agent appointed by Jefferson to handle affairs formerly administered by Skipwith; Col. [Henry] Skipwith has no been the best manager, but can find no fault with him in law or equity; recounts at great length problems in affairs and his attempts to have a reckoning of them; asks advice on how to collect money owed; cautions that he deal fairly and honestly with Col. Skipwith, as he is a relative and has always shown himself to be a friend; hopes to be home soon, but still wants this business begun as soon as possible; Jefferson has documents relative to Skipwith's agency which he will make available; asks about title to lands bought from Pasky [?]; questions about western land deals, and reflects on effects of \"family disease\" [Speculation] which has afflicted them both; observations on land use arrangements in Europe, including serfdom (which he compares to slavery) and metayers (sharecroppers); reflects on uncertain income of landlords and large farmers, and the evils resulting; happy to see his brother so prosperous; sorry to hear sad fate of negroes on Mush Island, who were sold; if had been in Virginia, would have put up money to buy those who could not find good masters, as Harvie ever was; if any of them can be found in the hands of cruel masters, buy them, and if they are capable of providing for their families, give them freedom; if not hire them out to good masters; give particular attention to female slaves; family slaves from Surry, are those most concerned about, wishes them seen to; expresses happiness that nephew Edmonds well provided for with a good guardian but hopes to be able to take over that position after arriving in America; Fulwar Skipwith has suffered a reversal of fortune since arriving in Paris and is embarrassed in his circumstances; has some money coming to him from Sir Peyton [Skipwith]; try to recover sum from Sir Peyton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to letter of July 28 1800,; as suspected, Fulwar Skipwith's letter indicates money must be gotten from Sir Peyton [Skipwith]; happy to receive letter of 29 Nov. 1799, with such a detailed account of brother's finances; reiterates opposition to brother visiting in Europe; discusses Col. [Henry] Skipwith's handling of his affairs, Paskie and western lands; encapsulates account of metayers (share croppers) of France, and the need to keep regular accounts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHappy to receive letter of 29 Nov. 1799; has recently sent two large letters, largely concerning state of affairs with Col. [Henry] Skipwith; hopes it will be satisfactorily completed soon; has seen Dr. Watkins in Paris, and learned much about Kentucky and the family, especially as to mode of life, which never is revealed in letters; the family's prosperity all due to his better judgement, as himself had counseled against this enterprise; great happiness in having lands cultivated by tenants rather than slaves; would never have guessed that there were land so plentiful and cheap, so many could be found to work the land of others; this the best kind of property; wish had invested in such land long ago; sorry had not invested in Kentucky as you advised, but left it with [Col. Henry Skipwith], and which by now would have produced a fortune; would it still be possible to trade the 10,000 acres for land near his?; discusses profitability of rent vis-a-vis expenses; hopes plan of Dr. Watkins succeeds, and negotiations with the [Spanish] government successful; much land for sale in the U.S. north and south; has heard Kentucky lands four to six times more valuable since 1794.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHave received no letter of late; Mr. Barnes, near Georgetown, and Jefferson report no letters received; has had to postpone leaving one more year, may be next fall or spring; again counsels against a trip to Europe; leaving tomorrow for Auvergne, and waters of Vichy; if remain in Europe, not sure if will winter in Paris or take another voyage; has heard some report that Mr. Watkins has met with some misfortune in Spain; does not think his mission will be successful; please send letter through Barnes or Jefferson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses appreciation for travels on behalf of the Harvie deal, and promise of the same for the Paskie affair ; hopes to return next spring, but will not fix the time of arrival, as so often disappointed; time spent at waters and in mountains has been very good for health; observations and speculation on Col. [Henry] Skipwith affair, happy satisfied with agricultural observations; tells of difficulty of transporting a ram to Kentucky, and the experience of one Frenchman who tried sending some to his farm in New York, their rising price, along with that of their wool, due to efforts of the French Government; sassafras is a good crop for Kentucky mentioned to Dr. Watkins; reiterates inquiry about Mush Island Slaves; asks for another yearly account, as did last year, only more detailed; copy of agricultural arithmetic on Spanish ram production; will send letters to Jefferson, but under cover to Barnes; please do same; advised having sisters ratify division of father's negroes when they came of age; death of sister Sally gives other sisters claim on negroes left by her; has estate been settled?; what about Poythress, Peters, [Kerrs?]; problems the result of \"ruinous\" Negro property.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses grief on loss of brother's wife [Maria (Symmes) Short]; on returning [to America] plan to go westward after taking care of long-neglected affairs; will probably arrive next spring, somewhere in the far north; happy Harvie lands purchased; laments extent of slavery in Kentucky; France to people the Spanish territories of the lower Mississippi River; might have been avoided by better [American] handling of foreign affairs; inadvisability of proceeding with Col. [Henry] Skipwith until return; mention of nephew [John T.] Edmunds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses journey from Winchester, [Va.]; opposed to sale of Jersey estate, and does not wish to purchase it; disparages speculation as a characteristic of Americans, especially Westerners; Wilson Cary Nicholas on way to Kentucky, but not sure where, or whether interested in purchasing his land; account with Sir Peyton Skipwith still uncertain;  two sorrels and chair received; will dispose of the Grey as directed; estate papers from Col. [Henry] Skipwith may be lodged with George Jefferson of Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBemoans brother's erratic travels as of late, and their not meeting; thanks for services of \"Old Honest Joe,\" and worries about his return trip; happiness at brother's fortune [remarriage]; is collecting papers dealing with Col. Henry Skipwith's affairs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDoes not know whether to sue or not over Carneal's not having given title or patent to the 10,000 acres of land; if cannot write about this soon, please inform Mr. [Charles?] or Mrs. [Janes (Short)?] Wilkins about status and have them write; have out off trip to Europe; objects to delay in settling Carneal affair; would rather have $8,000 in cash than a bond for $10,000 at the end of the year; feels that sending his sons to the Atlantic states for schooling a good idea; eldest son [John Cleves Short] should go to Bishop Carroll's school near Baltimore , where he will study under French professors; the cost of $400 per year is expensive, but should not be considered impossible since it is considered the best school in the U.S.; write to Nazareth about son [Charles Wilkins Short]; as to bond loaned, had hoped it would go to discharge his debts, not to embarking on new speculative ventures; only desires it to be paid back a little at a time, through agents in New York, Lewis \u0026amp; Lawrence Brokers, Wall Street or Philadelphia George Taylor, Jr., Broker, Second Street, or to Mr. Charles Wilkins, merchant in Lexington, [Ky.], who will send it to Philadelphia; have not heard from sisters, Wilkins and Ridgely for some time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses suit against Carneal for breach of contract and contract law; mention of Paskie land; reiterates advice to  send sons to schools in Atlantic States, and soon; discusses a loan; please send mail to Philadelphia, where agent will always know whereabouts; have not heard from Ridgely or Wilkins since last visited, but heard from sister Wilkins that Ridgely is now a farmer and Wilkins is a merchant in Lexington; has not heard of John Edmonds since his marriage; has sent engravings for brother and sisters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContinued lengthy discussion of Carneal's breach of contract; comments that juries often consider a suit to compel a conveyance as a maneuver by obligee to convert the obligation into a money debt, so it must be proven that the title was demanded and not delivered; immigration is progressing with inconceivable rapidity; some lands in Ohio bought 3 years ago for $2 are now selling for $5-$10 per acre; Paskie lawsuit is at last stage with the decree to be given during present term; discusses speculation; Potomac affair a tactic to get closer to shore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Does not know if Capt. Hall (according to Col. Lytle's letter) was able to sell the land as he had hoped; Gen. Wilkins confirmed his comment about selling lands; emigration good in that \"quarter\" so sales are good; also reports that the agent sold his land, used the money for his own purposes and then did not repay it when requested, a common occurrence; Capt. Hall should have received payment for sale, but no word of it; please send information on this matter; agent in Philadelphia is now George Taylor, Jr., South Second Street near the Pennsylvania bank; but while in country receive own money to avoid commission; if any money received, send it to the bank at Pittsburgh in care of Gen. Wilkins; keep apprised of Paskie's land, and prospect for its sale; also request information on Ohio lands; since ignorant of Western geography, indicate nearby watercourses or settlements for reference, has learned of very small inheritance due from Skipwith side of family; each brother's share one-seventieth of the whole estate; wondering about proposed sale of Potomac lands; accidentally learned from R. Peters about his suit against him; will help in any way possible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has just returned from a month's tour in Ohio, but was not able to meet with Capt. Hall; detailed discussions concerning a land sale payment plan, litigation in connection with Paskie lands and the possible sale of some land on the Ohio River; thanks for news on the North Carolina \"windfall\"; lengthy inquiry and information about Jack Edmunds, and debts owed by him; appreciates offer concerning Potomac affair; pointed comments about Sir Peyton Skipwith's estate settlement in connection with a 20-year old debt owed him; also mention of Fulwar Skipwith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Inquires about news of Ohio and Cumberland land sales, troubles in Ohio country make their main officers, such as Col Lytle, hard to reach, making business hard to conduct; inquires as to Hall's agency, and the state of affairs regarding the lands under his disposal; discusses merits of having money in the bank at Pittsburgh or Philadelphia; has learned Paskie's land to be titled in his name; the Skipwith \"windfall\" is not enough to bother with; discusses character of George Skipwith; reflects on desire of everyone to go into business, and attendant evils; unhappy situation of a man dependent on foreign commerce or funds for his livelihood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInquires about plans for educating sons [John and Charles]; suggests Princeton as a good place; college costs less than $300 a year, with $450 necessary in supplies; surprised over sale of Ohio lands to Carneal at a discount, especially as he always pictured him as dishonest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Has inquired into various schools in the region [for John and Charles]; only one definitely to be rejected is Princeton, where students have recently revolted; \"Southern\" boys have so much money they are a bad example and taverns are so near the school, they are a constant temptation; prefers a local school, headed by the Frenchman, Carrè; however, he does not admit boys older than 13 years; requests information on Carneal sale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore hopeful of embarking this summer than before; will do whatever possible to aid sons [John and Charles] in getting in a school; thinks that the plan of sending one before the other is a good one; Princeton is still in a state of insurrection, but if restructured better than formerly it is to be preferred; looking into Carlisle, and a school at Germantown run by a Catholic priest who does not meddle in religion; chose between three; describes tombstone made for parent's grave; will be leaving in a few days for New York; take care over Carneal sale; have Mr. Wilkins certify handwriting and sell Paskie tract for whatever price reasonable; has made a settlement with Col. Henry Skipwith for $6000, even though the amount should have been closer to $20,000; southern laxity extends even to the bench; to be paid in four installments by way of joint bonds in name of W. Skipwith and Ed. Harrison, who has married Col. [Henry] Skipwith's daughter; Peyton Skipwith and his wife, seen last year on way to Rhode Island, told of marriage; Col. Skipwith is in a bad way financially; his present wife's family says he has spent his wife's estate to pay his debts; pity him but cannot love him as once did.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends more precise information on Princeton program, which is better, and more strictly administered since the insurrection; have Mr. Wilkins certify handwriting on Paskie sale; Gen. Wilkins says John Kerr at Chillicothe a good man to handle affairs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJust returned from the falls at Niagara; problems with the post to Kentucky; discusses evils of speculation, giving the examples of Robert Morris, prince of all [speculators] and George Nicholas; only Pasties tract remains; please press Mr. Wilkins to go to the next court for that.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStates opinion of sending sons to Princeton if they desire to study law, rather than school in Philadelphia; mention of Carneal and Col. [Henry] Skipwith and debts owed by them; Paskie land issue.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAbout to sail for [France?]; has written to Mr. Wilkins about dealings with Carneal; desires moneys to be deposited in Bank of the United States Philadelphia; is leaving a trunk at the U.S. Bank with papers; also in it will be a tin box with titles; his son has not arrived; if he arrives after his departure, he will be assisted by Mr. John Vaughan or Mr. Mahler (?) Dickenson; asks that he sell all of his lands as soon as possible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn a former letter, advised that horses sell easier and at a better price in Ohio than in Kentucky, and that his horses should be sent there, but has recently observed in the Frankfort Palladium that the horses were put up for public sale; good market for [iron?] castings there; could probably sell 20 or 30 tons assorted; Mr. Owens promised all or part of payment due next spring in tall kettles, and a lower price if collect them at furnace rather than Lexington; perhaps, if funds allow, should have a boat built there to go to New Orleans, and if unable to be sold there, forwarded here; should be converted into a handsome profit in six months; some castings sold just before departure from Kentucky for Whiskey, payable next spring; also sold John W. Hunt two tons at 40 per ton, also to be paid in whiskey; there is a bond to secure a riverboat to send whiskey and other goods from there to New Orleans or any other market down river for his account; has said nothing of contract with MacNale concerning the Woodford Distillery, which would bring in 6000 gallons of whiskey annually until estate sold at $1.25 per gallon wholesale at New Orleans; hopes the contract with George Brown carried out; wants to keep slaves, and reclaim those tricked out of by arch-fiend T. Hart; Suppose lands bought from Dr. Rumsay also on market, although had hoped to retire there; about March 1, an installment of $1000 due Dr. Rumsay is payable at the Russelsville [Ohio?] branch of the bank; think that may be raised in time from sale of lands on Elk River, [Tenn.]; agent there Mr. Hardy Holiman is an honest man; has notified him of land purchased in Christian County, [Ky.], and exhorted him to forward to that Bank the amount indicated to discharge debt; would like to go elsewhere than Kentucky, where not known as someone who has seen better days; contemporaries in Kentucky have been going up at same rate as I going down.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlad he is travelling by land; please advise as to route; suggests he go westward by way of Col. [James] Henry; should leave patents for the 20,000 acres and other papers with Col. Henry, or some other dependable person; send information as to titles and prices desired; should have stayed in Kentucky, at least in opinion of Dr. Ridgely and Mr. Wilkins; also would have saved living in taverns from Florida to New York these last twelve months; lengthy discussion of travel route and monetary matter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlanned to go to Kentucky by water, but it turned colder and snowed, so he went overland on foot and by sleigh; now there is ice everywhere; has booked passage to Lexington by boat, which will leave as soon as the river is navigable; mention of resettling at the mills near Frankfurt; lengthy discussion centering on the raising of sheep, the profits from the wool, and the prices of lambs and ewes; mention of Carneal's debts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscourse about misunderstanding of reasons why he should return to Lexington to live.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMention of Dr. Ridgeley and Mr. Wilkins; also confusion over dissolution of contract with Eastland; returning to Lexington in Summer 1809, passed through fertile lands of Cumberland and Green Rivers, and purchased of a Dr. Rumsey a handsome and valuable tract in the Western County; 6000 acres, some of it already opened by nature to cultivation; much land speculation discussed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Bank of Pennsylvania arrangements concerning [Charles] Wilkins and involving George Taylor; discussion centering on sales and purchases of slaves, including not separating families; land sale comments; care of his [PS] children after his [PS] death; other comments about Charles Wilkins, Dr. Ridgely, Dr. Rush, and the \"Stanley affair\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents [Ohio?] land sales discussion mentioning [Charles] Wilkins, Dr. Ridgely, and [Daniel C.?] Cooper and involving marketable price of flour and whiskey in \"tight casks\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecently learned from Francis Scott Key, a lawyer in Washington, [D.C.], that Gen. James Wilkinson, who Key was prosecuting on his behalf, has assigned all his property to trustees for the benefit of his creditors; learned from his statement that he possessed an island off Mobile Bay; would like to learn more of it, as to name, value, quality of soil, etc.; will be travelling on Mississippi River this autumn; may visit your quarter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSale of Ohio lands involving Charles Wilkins; discussion of disposition of his negroes including their aging and thus not bearing any more children, separating families, and selling them to masters of their own choosing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMonetary matters; read in papers a movement in congress to extend payments, and another to lower the price on the sale of public lands, and how the War [of 1812] will affect their [Congress] time in making final decisions; land sales; John [Cleve Short] wishes to join the Army, and may be the aide to General William Henry Harrison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives proposal to pay debts owed and provide for family after his death, involving sales of land, transfers of mortgages of land in Indiana and Kentucky, and use of negroes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents His [WS] idea of when he [PS] visited [William Branch] Giles was incorrect, for he visited him at his house in Amelia [Co., Va.] in 1802, and obtained titles to certain lands then; defends his actions in trying to \"chase down\" unpaid claims, rather than letting them go; mentions debts and claims involving Fulwar Skipwith, Gen. [James] Wilkinson, and Col. Henry (on behalf of his [PS] daughters by his second wife).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Boulware affair disappointing; sued in court, but could get back no more than property and, from a third person, $500; mills returned in a ruinous state; both our interests dictate repair of property; on advice of Charles Wilkins, have written son John for his aid; sorry the Eastland purchase so misunderstood by Wilkins and Ridgely; have been offered $8000 cash, $4000 less than value; if Boulware sale had gone through, it would have netted $20,000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDetailed plan for settlement of debts and estate; expresses gratitude for his support; sister, [Jane (Short) Wilkins] is dying.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLatest debt and estate settlement proposals mostly agreeable; feels that he [PS] has only hurt himself [through his speculation]; sorry to hear about sister, but knows she will soon be in heaven.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Charles [Wilkins Short] doing very well in Hopkinsville, Ky., with a lucrative practice; reviews past ten years of business matters mentioning matters such as the success of coal mines in Kentucky until after the War [of 1812], when the rest of the United States was in a state of depression, a mill that was razed during the earthquakes in the winter of 1811-1812, supporting his children in various matters, and the sales of land labor, and farm stock and produce; comment about invitation to move to Texas, but states that he is not a \"man of war\" and would only go \"to cultivate the earth\"; pledge to repay all money owed to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIf Wilkinson's and his case come up before his appearance, please have Mr. Wickliffe appear instead of Mr. Haggar, who might betray him; do not know if [Henry] Clay has, but thinks he has come near; can promise Wickliffe respectable fee; sorry about illness of last sister; has promised brother [William] an additional lien on estate to secure balance of payment due him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComment on continued breakdown of communication between one another; debt and mortgage information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProblems in communicating clearly despite being brothers; mention of Christian [Co., Ky.] estate; $1000 has been deposited in bank in Pittsburgh to be paid to him and will send more if it is necessary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDebt discussion; mention of Christian Co., [Ky.] land conveyance and dealing with the Clerk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas heard that he is purchasing a parcel of land in Lexington, [Ky.], and paying for it in cash; expresses shock and disbelief at his ability to do this after all of the previous correspondence concerning his enormous debt situation; other discussion centering on monetary solvency.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Dated 1783-1825. Letters, 1783-1825, primarily between William Short (1759-1849), American diplomat and financier, who, after a career in Europe, settled in Philadelphia, Pa., and his brother, Peyton Short (1761-1825), a native of Virginia who moved to Kentucky and engaged in extensive land speculation there and in Ohio. William gives advice concerning Peyton's career and the education of his children, and discusses other family matters, but is primarily concerned with various speculative land transactions in Kentucky and Ohio. Frequent litigation is involved, and, in the later years, William and Peyton's letters show an estrangement brought on by the latter's financial problems.","Urges him to stand for election in the fall, as best means to get his name before the public.","Admonishes him to overcome his natural shyness if he is to be a lawyer.","Is leaving for Falmouth on British packet Oct. 7; has met some of fellow passengers, including secretary to Dutch legation; Spoke with Henry Laurens on conditions in Europe; directs that proceeds of sale of negroes be invested in lots in Norfolk.","Directs him to write in care of Benjamin Harrison, merchant of Richmond; has seen his advertisements in the Virginia papers concerning lands for sale in Virginia and Kentucky, and wonders the cause; inquires into [plantation?] sale to Col. [John] Harvie; awaiting statement of accounts and affairs from Harrison, his agent; desires to know of future plans; has given up idea of practicing law and representing Surry Co. in the legislature [?]; best to sisters and Major Edmonds.","Has received no word in so long, is sending this letter by way of [Thomas] Jefferson, who will be sure it is delivered; Jefferson reported receiving a letter to be forwarded which, however, had no enclosure; Jefferson sent news of the family, including marriage of sister, Jenny; pressed sister, Eliza, to send a letter, and assured her of its safe delivery, but to no avail; aversion of Americans to writing; anxious for safety of family in Kentucky because of Indian War; will leave Holland tomorrow for Spain via France; send letters to Jefferson or through J. Browne, merchant of Richmond; passage through France risky, because of present troubles; papers and library scattered; his European affairs entrusted to a Dutch concern; if problems arise, Jefferson can help; Col. [Henry] Skipwith, handling affairs in Va.; asks about Norfolk and western lands purchases; laments having ever left home.","Scope and Contents Had hoped to be home long ago, but the President, [Washington] refused to accept resignation; then death of someone in Europe prevented departure; recently learned letters sent to America not reaching Kentucky; pained by lack of letters, but attributes it not to inattention, but Americans' almost universal aversion to writing; since the beginning of the [European] War, correspondence most precarious, even Jefferson not writing; Devilmont, arriving in Spain from Ft. Pitt, [Pa.], just when preparing to depart; spoke of family affairs, and of hazards of getting mail to Kentucky; would have written through Devilmont but he left Madrid two days sooner than expected, which occasioned having to write letters and dispatches over a 48 hour period; has been subject to headaches, some violent and incapacitating; is only health problem of consequence, thinks it a \"family disorder\" stemming from mother's side; glad Eliza married, since this is the \"natural course to happiness, especially for women\"; personal affairs are in sorry state, as had not made better arrangements before leaving, and does not have a good friend in Richmond; has no clue to state of affairs, management of which has passed from [Benjamin] Harrison to Col. [Henry] Skipwith, (who has not sent the accounting he promised eight years ago), and then to Messers. Donald and Browne; Jefferson now in charge of some affairs, but these out of his way.","Scope and Contents Has received letter of 29 Nov [1799], and only sorry it did not contain more details of the family's life; interested in every detail, no matter how minute; has been lucky in life, but to be in one's own country, working towards a better life, under free government, the happiest life; alarmed to read brother contemplating trip to Europe, as it would take him away from affairs and would be dangerous and costly; hopes to return next summer or winter; if he writes while congress is in session, when Jefferson is absent, send mail through John Barnes, merchant of Philadelphia, through post from Kentucky; Barnes is agent appointed by Jefferson to handle affairs formerly administered by Skipwith; Col. [Henry] Skipwith has no been the best manager, but can find no fault with him in law or equity; recounts at great length problems in affairs and his attempts to have a reckoning of them; asks advice on how to collect money owed; cautions that he deal fairly and honestly with Col. Skipwith, as he is a relative and has always shown himself to be a friend; hopes to be home soon, but still wants this business begun as soon as possible; Jefferson has documents relative to Skipwith's agency which he will make available; asks about title to lands bought from Pasky [?]; questions about western land deals, and reflects on effects of \"family disease\" [Speculation] which has afflicted them both; observations on land use arrangements in Europe, including serfdom (which he compares to slavery) and metayers (sharecroppers); reflects on uncertain income of landlords and large farmers, and the evils resulting; happy to see his brother so prosperous; sorry to hear sad fate of negroes on Mush Island, who were sold; if had been in Virginia, would have put up money to buy those who could not find good masters, as Harvie ever was; if any of them can be found in the hands of cruel masters, buy them, and if they are capable of providing for their families, give them freedom; if not hire them out to good masters; give particular attention to female slaves; family slaves from Surry, are those most concerned about, wishes them seen to; expresses happiness that nephew Edmonds well provided for with a good guardian but hopes to be able to take over that position after arriving in America; Fulwar Skipwith has suffered a reversal of fortune since arriving in Paris and is embarrassed in his circumstances; has some money coming to him from Sir Peyton [Skipwith]; try to recover sum from Sir Peyton.","Refers to letter of July 28 1800,; as suspected, Fulwar Skipwith's letter indicates money must be gotten from Sir Peyton [Skipwith]; happy to receive letter of 29 Nov. 1799, with such a detailed account of brother's finances; reiterates opposition to brother visiting in Europe; discusses Col. [Henry] Skipwith's handling of his affairs, Paskie and western lands; encapsulates account of metayers (share croppers) of France, and the need to keep regular accounts.","Happy to receive letter of 29 Nov. 1799; has recently sent two large letters, largely concerning state of affairs with Col. [Henry] Skipwith; hopes it will be satisfactorily completed soon; has seen Dr. Watkins in Paris, and learned much about Kentucky and the family, especially as to mode of life, which never is revealed in letters; the family's prosperity all due to his better judgement, as himself had counseled against this enterprise; great happiness in having lands cultivated by tenants rather than slaves; would never have guessed that there were land so plentiful and cheap, so many could be found to work the land of others; this the best kind of property; wish had invested in such land long ago; sorry had not invested in Kentucky as you advised, but left it with [Col. Henry Skipwith], and which by now would have produced a fortune; would it still be possible to trade the 10,000 acres for land near his?; discusses profitability of rent vis-a-vis expenses; hopes plan of Dr. Watkins succeeds, and negotiations with the [Spanish] government successful; much land for sale in the U.S. north and south; has heard Kentucky lands four to six times more valuable since 1794.","Have received no letter of late; Mr. Barnes, near Georgetown, and Jefferson report no letters received; has had to postpone leaving one more year, may be next fall or spring; again counsels against a trip to Europe; leaving tomorrow for Auvergne, and waters of Vichy; if remain in Europe, not sure if will winter in Paris or take another voyage; has heard some report that Mr. Watkins has met with some misfortune in Spain; does not think his mission will be successful; please send letter through Barnes or Jefferson.","Scope and Contents Expresses appreciation for travels on behalf of the Harvie deal, and promise of the same for the Paskie affair ; hopes to return next spring, but will not fix the time of arrival, as so often disappointed; time spent at waters and in mountains has been very good for health; observations and speculation on Col. [Henry] Skipwith affair, happy satisfied with agricultural observations; tells of difficulty of transporting a ram to Kentucky, and the experience of one Frenchman who tried sending some to his farm in New York, their rising price, along with that of their wool, due to efforts of the French Government; sassafras is a good crop for Kentucky mentioned to Dr. Watkins; reiterates inquiry about Mush Island Slaves; asks for another yearly account, as did last year, only more detailed; copy of agricultural arithmetic on Spanish ram production; will send letters to Jefferson, but under cover to Barnes; please do same; advised having sisters ratify division of father's negroes when they came of age; death of sister Sally gives other sisters claim on negroes left by her; has estate been settled?; what about Poythress, Peters, [Kerrs?]; problems the result of \"ruinous\" Negro property.","Expresses grief on loss of brother's wife [Maria (Symmes) Short]; on returning [to America] plan to go westward after taking care of long-neglected affairs; will probably arrive next spring, somewhere in the far north; happy Harvie lands purchased; laments extent of slavery in Kentucky; France to people the Spanish territories of the lower Mississippi River; might have been avoided by better [American] handling of foreign affairs; inadvisability of proceeding with Col. [Henry] Skipwith until return; mention of nephew [John T.] Edmunds.","Discusses journey from Winchester, [Va.]; opposed to sale of Jersey estate, and does not wish to purchase it; disparages speculation as a characteristic of Americans, especially Westerners; Wilson Cary Nicholas on way to Kentucky, but not sure where, or whether interested in purchasing his land; account with Sir Peyton Skipwith still uncertain;  two sorrels and chair received; will dispose of the Grey as directed; estate papers from Col. [Henry] Skipwith may be lodged with George Jefferson of Richmond.","Bemoans brother's erratic travels as of late, and their not meeting; thanks for services of \"Old Honest Joe,\" and worries about his return trip; happiness at brother's fortune [remarriage]; is collecting papers dealing with Col. Henry Skipwith's affairs.","Does not know whether to sue or not over Carneal's not having given title or patent to the 10,000 acres of land; if cannot write about this soon, please inform Mr. [Charles?] or Mrs. [Janes (Short)?] Wilkins about status and have them write; have out off trip to Europe; objects to delay in settling Carneal affair; would rather have $8,000 in cash than a bond for $10,000 at the end of the year; feels that sending his sons to the Atlantic states for schooling a good idea; eldest son [John Cleves Short] should go to Bishop Carroll's school near Baltimore , where he will study under French professors; the cost of $400 per year is expensive, but should not be considered impossible since it is considered the best school in the U.S.; write to Nazareth about son [Charles Wilkins Short]; as to bond loaned, had hoped it would go to discharge his debts, not to embarking on new speculative ventures; only desires it to be paid back a little at a time, through agents in New York, Lewis \u0026 Lawrence Brokers, Wall Street or Philadelphia George Taylor, Jr., Broker, Second Street, or to Mr. Charles Wilkins, merchant in Lexington, [Ky.], who will send it to Philadelphia; have not heard from sisters, Wilkins and Ridgely for some time.","Discusses suit against Carneal for breach of contract and contract law; mention of Paskie land; reiterates advice to  send sons to schools in Atlantic States, and soon; discusses a loan; please send mail to Philadelphia, where agent will always know whereabouts; have not heard from Ridgely or Wilkins since last visited, but heard from sister Wilkins that Ridgely is now a farmer and Wilkins is a merchant in Lexington; has not heard of John Edmonds since his marriage; has sent engravings for brother and sisters.","Continued lengthy discussion of Carneal's breach of contract; comments that juries often consider a suit to compel a conveyance as a maneuver by obligee to convert the obligation into a money debt, so it must be proven that the title was demanded and not delivered; immigration is progressing with inconceivable rapidity; some lands in Ohio bought 3 years ago for $2 are now selling for $5-$10 per acre; Paskie lawsuit is at last stage with the decree to be given during present term; discusses speculation; Potomac affair a tactic to get closer to shore.","Scope and Contents Does not know if Capt. Hall (according to Col. Lytle's letter) was able to sell the land as he had hoped; Gen. Wilkins confirmed his comment about selling lands; emigration good in that \"quarter\" so sales are good; also reports that the agent sold his land, used the money for his own purposes and then did not repay it when requested, a common occurrence; Capt. Hall should have received payment for sale, but no word of it; please send information on this matter; agent in Philadelphia is now George Taylor, Jr., South Second Street near the Pennsylvania bank; but while in country receive own money to avoid commission; if any money received, send it to the bank at Pittsburgh in care of Gen. Wilkins; keep apprised of Paskie's land, and prospect for its sale; also request information on Ohio lands; since ignorant of Western geography, indicate nearby watercourses or settlements for reference, has learned of very small inheritance due from Skipwith side of family; each brother's share one-seventieth of the whole estate; wondering about proposed sale of Potomac lands; accidentally learned from R. Peters about his suit against him; will help in any way possible.","Scope and Contents Has just returned from a month's tour in Ohio, but was not able to meet with Capt. Hall; detailed discussions concerning a land sale payment plan, litigation in connection with Paskie lands and the possible sale of some land on the Ohio River; thanks for news on the North Carolina \"windfall\"; lengthy inquiry and information about Jack Edmunds, and debts owed by him; appreciates offer concerning Potomac affair; pointed comments about Sir Peyton Skipwith's estate settlement in connection with a 20-year old debt owed him; also mention of Fulwar Skipwith.","Scope and Contents Inquires about news of Ohio and Cumberland land sales, troubles in Ohio country make their main officers, such as Col Lytle, hard to reach, making business hard to conduct; inquires as to Hall's agency, and the state of affairs regarding the lands under his disposal; discusses merits of having money in the bank at Pittsburgh or Philadelphia; has learned Paskie's land to be titled in his name; the Skipwith \"windfall\" is not enough to bother with; discusses character of George Skipwith; reflects on desire of everyone to go into business, and attendant evils; unhappy situation of a man dependent on foreign commerce or funds for his livelihood.","Inquires about plans for educating sons [John and Charles]; suggests Princeton as a good place; college costs less than $300 a year, with $450 necessary in supplies; surprised over sale of Ohio lands to Carneal at a discount, especially as he always pictured him as dishonest.","Scope and Contents Has inquired into various schools in the region [for John and Charles]; only one definitely to be rejected is Princeton, where students have recently revolted; \"Southern\" boys have so much money they are a bad example and taverns are so near the school, they are a constant temptation; prefers a local school, headed by the Frenchman, Carrè; however, he does not admit boys older than 13 years; requests information on Carneal sale.","More hopeful of embarking this summer than before; will do whatever possible to aid sons [John and Charles] in getting in a school; thinks that the plan of sending one before the other is a good one; Princeton is still in a state of insurrection, but if restructured better than formerly it is to be preferred; looking into Carlisle, and a school at Germantown run by a Catholic priest who does not meddle in religion; chose between three; describes tombstone made for parent's grave; will be leaving in a few days for New York; take care over Carneal sale; have Mr. Wilkins certify handwriting and sell Paskie tract for whatever price reasonable; has made a settlement with Col. Henry Skipwith for $6000, even though the amount should have been closer to $20,000; southern laxity extends even to the bench; to be paid in four installments by way of joint bonds in name of W. Skipwith and Ed. Harrison, who has married Col. [Henry] Skipwith's daughter; Peyton Skipwith and his wife, seen last year on way to Rhode Island, told of marriage; Col. Skipwith is in a bad way financially; his present wife's family says he has spent his wife's estate to pay his debts; pity him but cannot love him as once did.","Sends more precise information on Princeton program, which is better, and more strictly administered since the insurrection; have Mr. Wilkins certify handwriting on Paskie sale; Gen. Wilkins says John Kerr at Chillicothe a good man to handle affairs.","Just returned from the falls at Niagara; problems with the post to Kentucky; discusses evils of speculation, giving the examples of Robert Morris, prince of all [speculators] and George Nicholas; only Pasties tract remains; please press Mr. Wilkins to go to the next court for that.","States opinion of sending sons to Princeton if they desire to study law, rather than school in Philadelphia; mention of Carneal and Col. [Henry] Skipwith and debts owed by them; Paskie land issue.","About to sail for [France?]; has written to Mr. Wilkins about dealings with Carneal; desires moneys to be deposited in Bank of the United States Philadelphia; is leaving a trunk at the U.S. Bank with papers; also in it will be a tin box with titles; his son has not arrived; if he arrives after his departure, he will be assisted by Mr. John Vaughan or Mr. Mahler (?) Dickenson; asks that he sell all of his lands as soon as possible.","In a former letter, advised that horses sell easier and at a better price in Ohio than in Kentucky, and that his horses should be sent there, but has recently observed in the Frankfort Palladium that the horses were put up for public sale; good market for [iron?] castings there; could probably sell 20 or 30 tons assorted; Mr. Owens promised all or part of payment due next spring in tall kettles, and a lower price if collect them at furnace rather than Lexington; perhaps, if funds allow, should have a boat built there to go to New Orleans, and if unable to be sold there, forwarded here; should be converted into a handsome profit in six months; some castings sold just before departure from Kentucky for Whiskey, payable next spring; also sold John W. Hunt two tons at 40 per ton, also to be paid in whiskey; there is a bond to secure a riverboat to send whiskey and other goods from there to New Orleans or any other market down river for his account; has said nothing of contract with MacNale concerning the Woodford Distillery, which would bring in 6000 gallons of whiskey annually until estate sold at $1.25 per gallon wholesale at New Orleans; hopes the contract with George Brown carried out; wants to keep slaves, and reclaim those tricked out of by arch-fiend T. Hart; Suppose lands bought from Dr. Rumsay also on market, although had hoped to retire there; about March 1, an installment of $1000 due Dr. Rumsay is payable at the Russelsville [Ohio?] branch of the bank; think that may be raised in time from sale of lands on Elk River, [Tenn.]; agent there Mr. Hardy Holiman is an honest man; has notified him of land purchased in Christian County, [Ky.], and exhorted him to forward to that Bank the amount indicated to discharge debt; would like to go elsewhere than Kentucky, where not known as someone who has seen better days; contemporaries in Kentucky have been going up at same rate as I going down.","Glad he is travelling by land; please advise as to route; suggests he go westward by way of Col. [James] Henry; should leave patents for the 20,000 acres and other papers with Col. Henry, or some other dependable person; send information as to titles and prices desired; should have stayed in Kentucky, at least in opinion of Dr. Ridgely and Mr. Wilkins; also would have saved living in taverns from Florida to New York these last twelve months; lengthy discussion of travel route and monetary matter.","Planned to go to Kentucky by water, but it turned colder and snowed, so he went overland on foot and by sleigh; now there is ice everywhere; has booked passage to Lexington by boat, which will leave as soon as the river is navigable; mention of resettling at the mills near Frankfurt; lengthy discussion centering on the raising of sheep, the profits from the wool, and the prices of lambs and ewes; mention of Carneal's debts.","Discourse about misunderstanding of reasons why he should return to Lexington to live.","Mention of Dr. Ridgeley and Mr. Wilkins; also confusion over dissolution of contract with Eastland; returning to Lexington in Summer 1809, passed through fertile lands of Cumberland and Green Rivers, and purchased of a Dr. Rumsey a handsome and valuable tract in the Western County; 6000 acres, some of it already opened by nature to cultivation; much land speculation discussed.","Scope and Contents Bank of Pennsylvania arrangements concerning [Charles] Wilkins and involving George Taylor; discussion centering on sales and purchases of slaves, including not separating families; land sale comments; care of his [PS] children after his [PS] death; other comments about Charles Wilkins, Dr. Ridgely, Dr. Rush, and the \"Stanley affair\".","Scope and Contents [Ohio?] land sales discussion mentioning [Charles] Wilkins, Dr. Ridgely, and [Daniel C.?] Cooper and involving marketable price of flour and whiskey in \"tight casks\".","Recently learned from Francis Scott Key, a lawyer in Washington, [D.C.], that Gen. James Wilkinson, who Key was prosecuting on his behalf, has assigned all his property to trustees for the benefit of his creditors; learned from his statement that he possessed an island off Mobile Bay; would like to learn more of it, as to name, value, quality of soil, etc.; will be travelling on Mississippi River this autumn; may visit your quarter.","Sale of Ohio lands involving Charles Wilkins; discussion of disposition of his negroes including their aging and thus not bearing any more children, separating families, and selling them to masters of their own choosing.","Monetary matters; read in papers a movement in congress to extend payments, and another to lower the price on the sale of public lands, and how the War [of 1812] will affect their [Congress] time in making final decisions; land sales; John [Cleve Short] wishes to join the Army, and may be the aide to General William Henry Harrison.","Gives proposal to pay debts owed and provide for family after his death, involving sales of land, transfers of mortgages of land in Indiana and Kentucky, and use of negroes.","Scope and Contents His [WS] idea of when he [PS] visited [William Branch] Giles was incorrect, for he visited him at his house in Amelia [Co., Va.] in 1802, and obtained titles to certain lands then; defends his actions in trying to \"chase down\" unpaid claims, rather than letting them go; mentions debts and claims involving Fulwar Skipwith, Gen. [James] Wilkinson, and Col. Henry (on behalf of his [PS] daughters by his second wife).","Richard Boulware affair disappointing; sued in court, but could get back no more than property and, from a third person, $500; mills returned in a ruinous state; both our interests dictate repair of property; on advice of Charles Wilkins, have written son John for his aid; sorry the Eastland purchase so misunderstood by Wilkins and Ridgely; have been offered $8000 cash, $4000 less than value; if Boulware sale had gone through, it would have netted $20,000.","Detailed plan for settlement of debts and estate; expresses gratitude for his support; sister, [Jane (Short) Wilkins] is dying.","Latest debt and estate settlement proposals mostly agreeable; feels that he [PS] has only hurt himself [through his speculation]; sorry to hear about sister, but knows she will soon be in heaven.","Scope and Contents Charles [Wilkins Short] doing very well in Hopkinsville, Ky., with a lucrative practice; reviews past ten years of business matters mentioning matters such as the success of coal mines in Kentucky until after the War [of 1812], when the rest of the United States was in a state of depression, a mill that was razed during the earthquakes in the winter of 1811-1812, supporting his children in various matters, and the sales of land labor, and farm stock and produce; comment about invitation to move to Texas, but states that he is not a \"man of war\" and would only go \"to cultivate the earth\"; pledge to repay all money owed to him.","If Wilkinson's and his case come up before his appearance, please have Mr. Wickliffe appear instead of Mr. Haggar, who might betray him; do not know if [Henry] Clay has, but thinks he has come near; can promise Wickliffe respectable fee; sorry about illness of last sister; has promised brother [William] an additional lien on estate to secure balance of payment due him.","Comment on continued breakdown of communication between one another; debt and mortgage information.","Problems in communicating clearly despite being brothers; mention of Christian [Co., Ky.] estate; $1000 has been deposited in bank in Pittsburgh to be paid to him and will send more if it is necessary.","Debt discussion; mention of Christian Co., [Ky.] land conveyance and dealing with the Clerk.","Has heard that he is purchasing a parcel of land in Lexington, [Ky.], and paying for it in cash; expresses shock and disbelief at his ability to do this after all of the previous correspondence concerning his enormous debt situation; other discussion centering on monetary solvency."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Short, William (1759-1849)","Short, Peyton, 1761-1825","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826"],"names_coll_ssim":["Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Short, William (1759-1849)","Short, Peyton, 1761-1825","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":53,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:41:18.235Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1119"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, 1795/2020, bulk 1950/2010","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Archer, William","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe papers of William \"Bill\" Archer, newspaper journalist for the \u003cspan\u003eBluefield Daily Telegraph\u003c/span\u003e and historian, document Archer's research and reporting of events in Southern West Virginia, predominantly Mercer and McDowell Counties. In addition to his reporting, Archer wrote a number of local history books as well as articles for publications other than the Bluefield paper. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6481.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/206572","title_ssm":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"title_tesim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"unitdate_ssm":["1795-2020","ca. 1950-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1795-2020"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["ca. 1950-2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1795/2020, bulk 1950/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, 1795/2020, bulk 1950/2010"],"text":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, 1795/2020, bulk 1950/2010","A\u0026M 4388","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6481","Bluefield (W. Va.)","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- McDowell County","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Mercer County","Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","William \"Bill\" Archer's papers represent his work as a journalist, historian, and musician. He grew up in Claysville, Pennsylvania. His parents provided roots in the Scotch-Irish heritage from his mother and Russian roots from his father, Carl Wesley Archer. After graduating from McGuffey High School in 1967, Archer attended West Virginia University where he graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor's degree in English. He also completed twelve hours of graduate work in English with WVU.","Although Archer's first writing job in southern West Virginia was with the Twin-State Marketer (Bluefield, VA) beginning in 1986, he contributed sporadically to the Bluefield Daily Telegraph beginning in 1983. In 1992, he joined the staff of the Bluefield paper and continued his work there as a reporter and senior editor until 2016. During this time, he was also a stringer from the State Journal, a West Virginia business publication, 1999-2003. Archer covered the news extensively not just in Bluefield but in adjacent counties in West Virginia and northwestern Virginia.","Due to Archer's important coverage of news events in Southern West Virginia and service to his community, he has received a number of awards:","1994\nFor his substantial contribution to news coverage, he received the Award of Excellence for Outstanding Editorial Achievement from Thomson Newspapers\n2000\nFor his coverage of the collapse of the First National Bank of Keystone Bank, he received the Outstanding Journalist Award from the West Virginia Trial Lawyers Association\n2003\nThe Mercer County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded him the Merit Award\nThe Veterans of Foreign Wars, Post 9696, awarded him two Distinguished Service Awards\n2007\nArcher was dubbed \"the consummate community newspaper reporter\" by a former publisher of the Bluefield Daily Telegraph when he was named a West Virginia History Hero by the Mercer County Historical Society\n2013\nHe received two awards the Shott Excellence in Media Award and the National Coal Heritage Area Research Documentation Award\n2015\nThe local American Legion awarded him the Distinguished Citizenship Award","Archer authored a number of local history books and approximately 125 magazine articles in addition to his newspaper reporting. The books, in the \"Images of America\" series from Arcadia Publishing, document the history of the cities of Bluefield, Princeton, and Welch. His county histories include Mercer County (WV), McDowell County (WV), and Bland County (VA). He has written numerous articles for Wonderful West Virginia, and also has contributed to Goldenseal, The West Virginia Encyclopedia, Appalachian Heritage, Coal People, and Virginia Cavalcade.","Archer's interest in the varied music of southern West Virginia is reflected in some of his writing, but he also wrote poetry and songs. He recorded and performed original music compositions with Karl Miller for more than thirty years. He wrote the lyrics for the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell.","After retiring as a writer, Archere extended his service to the community as a Mercer County Commissioner for the 2017-2022 term. This time of his life postdates the donated materials in this collection.","William Archer and his wife Evonda continue to reside in Bluefield.","This collection (A\u0026M 4388) contains a partial copy of the Matewan Trial transcript.","See also:\nA\u0026M 3608, Matewan Trial Transcript\nPages 2012 to 3958  (February 12, 1921 – February 23, 1921)\nPlus 1 page of index of witnesses","Compare to:\nA\u0026M 4388, William Archer Papers, Box 8, Folders 1-7, Matewan Trial Transcript \nPages 1 to 11, list of witnesses, in Folder 1\nPages 3340 to 4671  (February 22, 1921 – February 28, 1921)","West Virgina Archives and History in Charleston, West Virginia appears to hold the entire transcript:\nMingo County, Case file State vs. Sid Hatfield et al., transcripts, jury selection, witness statements (originals and photocopies), 1921 January 19 to March 16, 15 boxes","The papers of William \"Bill\" Archer, newspaper journalist for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph and historian, document Archer's research and reporting of events in Southern West Virginia, predominantly Mercer and McDowell Counties. In addition to his reporting, Archer wrote a number of local history books as well as articles for publications other than the Bluefield paper.","The largest part of the collection, six boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County; subsequent criminal and civil court cases; and Congressional oversight hearings.  Another significant part of the collection, two boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on John Forbes Nash Jr., 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics and a Bluefield native.  The files document Nash's time in Bluefield and at Bluefield State College, his family, and his career.  The Nash files also include reporting and research materials about the book and film, A Beautiful Mind, about Nash's life and work.","Archer researched all aspects of coal country life.  Significant topics covered by him include music originating in the area, local African American culture and history, hometown heroes, disasters such as flooding and crashes, famous people connected to the area, court cases, coal mining and mining disasters, communities and their services, and transportation.  Of particular note, the collection documents Archer's trip to Japan in 1996 for the Interassociation for Ecology Symposia (INTECOL) on wood and forestry.","Photographs in the collection, mostly contemporary, detail many events during the time of Archer's reporting.  Of particular note are those by Melvin \"Mel\" Grubb, a long time photographer for The Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The collection also includes a number of other media formats such as films and recordings.","And finally, throughout the collection there are a large number of Archer's newspaper columns which demonstrate the process of writing newspaper stories beginning with interview notes and ending with the final articles.  Also included are his writings in other literary forms such as local histories, stories, poems, and songs. Some stories and a cookbook were written under the pseudonym Richard Lucas.","Twelve compact discs of performances by Archer and Miller are found in Box 28.  Particularly represented in the collection is Archer's work on the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. A compact disc of the music and narration is one of those in Box 28. Digital files of his compositions include 131 files consisting of the compact disk recordings as well as the text of an essay reflecting on music; and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller.","In addition to the compact discs, Box 28 also contains handwritten and typed Archer compositions and includes love songs to his wife Evonda.","The collection consists of the following series:","Series 1. Keystone Bank\nSeries 2. John Nash \nSeries 3. Subjects\nSeries 4. Photographs and Other Media\nSeries 5. Writings","The Keystone Bank files (Boxes 5, 9-13) consist mostly of facsimile copies, sent by fax machines, of court proceedings regarding the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County, as well as research materials and handwritten notes of court proceedings and interviews. The series also contains artist sketches of court proceedings; two baseball caps; a bomber jacket; and other memorabilia (Boxes 20-22).","The John Forbes Nash, Jr. (1928-2015) was born in Bluefield, and was the 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics for his work in the mathematics of game theory.  His biography, A Beautiful Mind (1998) by Sylvia Nasar, frankly discussed his struggle with paranoid schizophrenia and led to a major motion picture by the same name (2001). His materials (Boxes 15 and 16) consist of numerous tributes to him; correspondence between Archer and Nash and correspondence with Nash's sister, Martha Legg; correspondence with Sylvia Nasar; and promotional and press materials for the film A Beautiful Mind.  Artifacts (Boxes 25-27) for the film include a jacket, two T-shirts, and a baseball cap.","Digital materials include: identifier: 4388_digitran_4, which contains 24 jpeg photos related to Archer's work on John Nash. Identifier: 4388_disc6_b16_f14 contains the files for the DVD of the 2002 Bluefield Chamber of Commerce Dinner.","Series 1 and 2 document the specific subjects of the Keystone Bank and John Nash respectively.  Series 3 covers a wide range of subject matter relating to Mercer and McDowell Counties including community events; people in and connected to the area; and the history of local communities, including extensive coverage of the African American community and Bluefield State College among other topics. Formats for additional subjects include original newspaper clippings and copies from microfilm, handwritten interviews and story notes, correspondence, and original and facsimiles of research materials.  Archer's research materials and reporting on various topics are scattered throughout the collection (Boxes 1-3, 5-9, 14, 17-20, 22-23).","Music CD containing one track by Darnell Miller called, \"If Swinging Doors Don't Get Me, Lonesome Will\". Identifier: 4388_disc2_b1_f9","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about Bluefield, WV in the 1950s and 1960s by J. Franklin Long. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk2_b2_f10.","Includes brief biography and photo of Herbert \"Hub\" Hunter; photo Tazewell, VA; photo telephone operators; aerial photo of mine operation; photo of former Welch Lions Club members; football themed sketch of \"Stubby;\" computer CD of photos of elderly African-Americans at a birthday party (identifier: 4388_disc1_b7_f15); facsimile of 1911 NY Times about Bluefield incident and offer of an historical accounting; rescue squad recognition program, facsimile of web page about child survivor of Buchenwald and Max Kammer photo exhibit newspaper article; \"Songs of Yesterday\" booklet.","An Adobe Pro pdf file sent by William Archer as an attachment to an email.  The facsimile was probably scanned from an original. It is accompanied by an html file which is a copy of the West Virginia Division of Culture and History's webpage on Tyler Edward Hill, whom Archer believes authored the booklet. The booklet also includes a brief mention of the story that inpsired Archer's unfinished writing, \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","The collection contains a significant number of photographs, negatives, and some photos on CD and are dispersed throughout William Archer's papers.  Most of the photographs date from the 1990s and early 2000s, although some are older, of places, events, and people in Mercer and McDowell Counties. Other  formats include a motion picture film, books, videocassette recordings, sound audiocassette recordings, phonograph records, maps, and artwork.  Artifacts include jackets, t-shirts, baseball caps, and other objects.  (Boxes 1-3, 6-7, 17, 20)","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about the Gary Country Club in McDowell County. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk1_b1_f6.","The identifier for the image on CD, Vera Pocahontas Mine, No. 3, \"Day Shift\" Landgraff, WV, July 9-19, 1940, is 4388_disc3_b1_f35.","Oral history content consists of two published CDs titled \"Folks Are Talking: Oral Histories from the 1970s Gathered by Garret Mathews\". Garret Mathews was a writer for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The identifier for the oral history content is 4388_disc5_b7_f10 and the discs contain 33 tracks total.","\"Four for Bluefield\", identifier: 4388_disc22_b17_f10 is a copy of a CD in box 28 and can be accessed by requesting Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"J.E. Martin House Project\", identifier 4388_disc21_b17_f10, consists of videos of the J.E. Martin House in Bluefield, WV and work on the house.","Two jpeg images of six individuals, one of whom is William Archer, in formal attire. The files were originally found on a disc, however, the disc was unable to be found. Identifier: 4388_disc23_missing.","This series includes newspaper columns written by Bill Archer on various topics (Boxes 1-6, 8, 14, 19, 24) as well as magazine articles and liteary forms he wrote.  Additional examples of his writing are scattered throughout all the series.  Most of the newspaper articles are original clippings, but some are facsimiles. Box 4 contains an extensive collection of his opinion pieces, and Box 28 contains magazine articles written by Archer.  The articles are from Coal People Magazine, Goldenseal, Wonderful West Virginia, and a few other publications. Literary foms found throughout the collection include stories, poems, lyrics, and histories, both typed and handwritten.","Digital files of his compositions include 120 files consisting of the text of an essay reflecting on music, and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller, copied from 12 compact computer discs.","Two electronic files, one a proposal for a book titled The Under Thirty Minute Meals of Richard Lucas, a pseudonym for William Archer, and the other a section of the book \"Wok like a Man.\" The book proposal seems to have been a compilation of previously written columns. Files are in Microsoft Word format, as sent by William Archer in 2019. Identifier: 4388_digitran_2.","Two electronic Word documents emailed by William Archer.  One is a synopsis for a \"fact-based work of fiction\" titled \"Cinder Bottom.\"  The other is the start of a story titled \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\" and is about a young woman lured into prostitution by promise of a job. Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","Manuscript, edited by Archer's wife Evonda, for a story about protesting the Vietnam War and titled \"What Did You Do?\" The document, a  Adobe Acrobat Pro pdf file, was sent attached to an email.  At the end of the digital file are facsimiles of a 1967 Bluefield Daily Telegraph newspaper article in two pages about the youth protests against the war.  Another digital file is a photograph of a war protest button, \"Confront the Warmakers, Oct. 21st, Wash. D.C. Support Our Boys in Vietnam--Bring Them Home\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_1.","Compact discs include: \nStu and Bill Archer, the Archer Brothers, 21 songs; track 5 \"Cackleburr Drive\" written by Archer in 1971, all other songs assumed to be by written by others.\nBramwell 100 Year Celebration; music and narration\nCoalfield Visions, 1990; 10 songs, \"Cha[r]lton Singers featured on track 7, 'Route 52'\nTwo for Pocahontas; 2 songs: '114 Miners' \u0026 'Pocahontas Mine Song'\nGaining Momentum; 7 songs\nproject duo; 17 songs; \"Most songs were re-recordings except John Nash song\nMerry, Merry Christmas; 10 songs written by others\nFour for Bluefield; 4 songs; \"Remix of 4 Bluefield songs from Project Duo, 'Land of Misted Mountains,' 'Lemonade Song,' 'Route 52,' 'John F. Nash of Bluefield'\nSounds of the Hills, Volume 1 or 2, 9 songs; \"Music celebrating our region's history and heritage, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\nGlory in the Gospel, Volume 2 or 2, 10 songs; \"Music of praise and worship in His holy name, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\nSolid as the Bank of Kimball and the Wheelbarrow, 2 songs; \"Remix of 'Wheelbarrow Song' and 'Bank of Bramwell' to promote re-open of Bank in 2007\"\n\nAll content is retained as digital files, as well. These CDs are part of 4388 ADD 2020-02.","Identifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026 Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc10_box28. \"Gaining Momentum\", 7 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. Recorded 1992.","Identifier: 4388_disc11_box28. \"Solid as the Bank of Bramwell\", 2 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc12_box28. \"Coalfield Visions Remake 1993\", 10 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc13_box28. \"Two for Pocahontas\", 2 .wav files. Repackaged 1990 recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc14_box28. \"Coalfield Visions\", original recording, 10 .wav files. Recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc15_box28. \"The Archer Brothers\" by Stu and Bill Archer. 21 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc16_box28. \"project duo\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 17 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc17_box28. \"Merry, Merry Christmas\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"Four for Bluefield\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 4 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc19_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 1\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 9 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc20_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 2\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_add_2020-02_digtran_05. Word doc titled, \"Bill Archer Songs 1971-1995\" by Bill Archer. Autobiographical writings on his musical works, including historical background and lyrics.","Items transferred to the Rare Books Librarian:","Wilderness by Vance G. Martin","The Crozers of Upland by David A. MacQueen -- Rare book","Legendary Local of McDowell County by William Archer","The Bramwell Breeze 1911/1912","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)","Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, 1795/2020, bulk 1950/2010"],"collection_ssim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, 1795/2020, bulk 1950/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4388","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6481"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4388","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6481"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Bluefield (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Bluefield (W. Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Bluefield (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Archer, William"],"creator_ssim":["Archer, William"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015","West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans  -- West Virginia -- McDowell County","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Mercer County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans  -- West Virginia -- McDowell County","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Mercer County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.75 Linear Feet 20 ft. 9 1/4 in. (13 record cartons, 15 in. each); (4 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (2 flat boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (3 flat boxes, 3 in. each); (1 box, 6 1/2 in.); (1 box, 5 in.); (1 index card box, 4 1/4 in.)","8.98 Gigabytes 308 files, formats include .jpg, .iso, .wav, .doc, .txt"],"extent_tesim":["20.75 Linear Feet 20 ft. 9 1/4 in. (13 record cartons, 15 in. each); (4 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (2 flat boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (3 flat boxes, 3 in. each); (1 box, 6 1/2 in.); (1 box, 5 in.); (1 index card box, 4 1/4 in.)","8.98 Gigabytes 308 files, formats include .jpg, .iso, .wav, .doc, .txt"],"date_range_isim":[1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \"Bill\" Archer's papers represent his work as a journalist, historian, and musician. He grew up in Claysville, Pennsylvania. His parents provided roots in the Scotch-Irish heritage from his mother and Russian roots from his father, Carl Wesley Archer. After graduating from McGuffey High School in 1967, Archer attended West Virginia University where he graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor's degree in English. He also completed twelve hours of graduate work in English with WVU. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough Archer's first writing job in southern West Virginia was with the Twin-State Marketer (Bluefield, VA) beginning in 1986, he contributed sporadically to the Bluefield Daily Telegraph beginning in 1983. In 1992, he joined the staff of the Bluefield paper and continued his work there as a reporter and senior editor until 2016. During this time, he was also a stringer from the State Journal, a West Virginia business publication, 1999-2003. Archer covered the news extensively not just in Bluefield but in adjacent counties in West Virginia and northwestern Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDue to Archer's important coverage of news events in Southern West Virginia and service to his community, he has received a number of awards: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1994\nFor his substantial contribution to news coverage, he received the Award of Excellence for Outstanding Editorial Achievement from Thomson Newspapers\n2000\nFor his coverage of the collapse of the First National Bank of Keystone Bank, he received the Outstanding Journalist Award from the West Virginia Trial Lawyers Association\n2003\nThe Mercer County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded him the Merit Award\nThe Veterans of Foreign Wars, Post 9696, awarded him two Distinguished Service Awards\n2007\nArcher was dubbed \"the consummate community newspaper reporter\" by a former publisher of the Bluefield Daily Telegraph when he was named a West Virginia History Hero by the Mercer County Historical Society\n2013\nHe received two awards the Shott Excellence in Media Award and the National Coal Heritage Area Research Documentation Award\n2015\nThe local American Legion awarded him the Distinguished Citizenship Award\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArcher authored a number of local history books and approximately 125 magazine articles in addition to his newspaper reporting. The books, in the \"Images of America\" series from Arcadia Publishing, document the history of the cities of Bluefield, Princeton, and Welch. His county histories include Mercer County (WV), McDowell County (WV), and Bland County (VA). He has written numerous articles for Wonderful West Virginia, and also has contributed to Goldenseal, The West Virginia Encyclopedia, Appalachian Heritage, Coal People, and Virginia Cavalcade.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArcher's interest in the varied music of southern West Virginia is reflected in some of his writing, but he also wrote poetry and songs. He recorded and performed original music compositions with Karl Miller for more than thirty years. He wrote the lyrics for the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter retiring as a writer, Archere extended his service to the community as a Mercer County Commissioner for the 2017-2022 term. This time of his life postdates the donated materials in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Archer and his wife Evonda continue to reside in Bluefield.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William \"Bill\" Archer's papers represent his work as a journalist, historian, and musician. He grew up in Claysville, Pennsylvania. His parents provided roots in the Scotch-Irish heritage from his mother and Russian roots from his father, Carl Wesley Archer. After graduating from McGuffey High School in 1967, Archer attended West Virginia University where he graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor's degree in English. He also completed twelve hours of graduate work in English with WVU.","Although Archer's first writing job in southern West Virginia was with the Twin-State Marketer (Bluefield, VA) beginning in 1986, he contributed sporadically to the Bluefield Daily Telegraph beginning in 1983. In 1992, he joined the staff of the Bluefield paper and continued his work there as a reporter and senior editor until 2016. During this time, he was also a stringer from the State Journal, a West Virginia business publication, 1999-2003. Archer covered the news extensively not just in Bluefield but in adjacent counties in West Virginia and northwestern Virginia.","Due to Archer's important coverage of news events in Southern West Virginia and service to his community, he has received a number of awards:","1994\nFor his substantial contribution to news coverage, he received the Award of Excellence for Outstanding Editorial Achievement from Thomson Newspapers\n2000\nFor his coverage of the collapse of the First National Bank of Keystone Bank, he received the Outstanding Journalist Award from the West Virginia Trial Lawyers Association\n2003\nThe Mercer County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded him the Merit Award\nThe Veterans of Foreign Wars, Post 9696, awarded him two Distinguished Service Awards\n2007\nArcher was dubbed \"the consummate community newspaper reporter\" by a former publisher of the Bluefield Daily Telegraph when he was named a West Virginia History Hero by the Mercer County Historical Society\n2013\nHe received two awards the Shott Excellence in Media Award and the National Coal Heritage Area Research Documentation Award\n2015\nThe local American Legion awarded him the Distinguished Citizenship Award","Archer authored a number of local history books and approximately 125 magazine articles in addition to his newspaper reporting. The books, in the \"Images of America\" series from Arcadia Publishing, document the history of the cities of Bluefield, Princeton, and Welch. His county histories include Mercer County (WV), McDowell County (WV), and Bland County (VA). He has written numerous articles for Wonderful West Virginia, and also has contributed to Goldenseal, The West Virginia Encyclopedia, Appalachian Heritage, Coal People, and Virginia Cavalcade.","Archer's interest in the varied music of southern West Virginia is reflected in some of his writing, but he also wrote poetry and songs. He recorded and performed original music compositions with Karl Miller for more than thirty years. He wrote the lyrics for the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell.","After retiring as a writer, Archere extended his service to the community as a Mercer County Commissioner for the 2017-2022 term. This time of his life postdates the donated materials in this collection.","William Archer and his wife Evonda continue to reside in Bluefield."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, A\u0026amp;M 4388, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, A\u0026M 4388, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection (A\u0026amp;M 4388) contains a partial copy of the Matewan Trial transcript.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nA\u0026amp;M 3608, Matewan Trial Transcript\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPages 2012 to 3958  (February 12, 1921 – February 23, 1921)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPlus 1 page of index of witnesses\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompare to:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nA\u0026amp;M 4388, William Archer Papers, Box 8, Folders 1-7, Matewan Trial Transcript \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPages 1 to 11, list of witnesses, in Folder 1\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPages 3340 to 4671  (February 22, 1921 – February 28, 1921)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest Virgina Archives and History in Charleston, West Virginia appears to hold the entire transcript:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMingo County, Case file State vs. Sid Hatfield et al., transcripts, jury selection, witness statements (originals and photocopies), 1921 January 19 to March 16, 15 boxes\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["This collection (A\u0026M 4388) contains a partial copy of the Matewan Trial transcript.","See also:\nA\u0026M 3608, Matewan Trial Transcript\nPages 2012 to 3958  (February 12, 1921 – February 23, 1921)\nPlus 1 page of index of witnesses","Compare to:\nA\u0026M 4388, William Archer Papers, Box 8, Folders 1-7, Matewan Trial Transcript \nPages 1 to 11, list of witnesses, in Folder 1\nPages 3340 to 4671  (February 22, 1921 – February 28, 1921)","West Virgina Archives and History in Charleston, West Virginia appears to hold the entire transcript:\nMingo County, Case file State vs. Sid Hatfield et al., transcripts, jury selection, witness statements (originals and photocopies), 1921 January 19 to March 16, 15 boxes"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of William \"Bill\" Archer, newspaper journalist for the \u003ctitle\u003eBluefield Daily Telegraph\u003c/title\u003e and historian, document Archer's research and reporting of events in Southern West Virginia, predominantly Mercer and McDowell Counties. In addition to his reporting, Archer wrote a number of local history books as well as articles for publications other than the Bluefield paper.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe largest part of the collection, six boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County; subsequent criminal and civil court cases; and Congressional oversight hearings.  Another significant part of the collection, two boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on John Forbes Nash Jr., 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics and a Bluefield native.  The files document Nash's time in Bluefield and at Bluefield State College, his family, and his career.  The Nash files also include reporting and research materials about the book and film, \u003ctitle\u003eA Beautiful Mind\u003c/title\u003e, about Nash's life and work.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArcher researched all aspects of coal country life.  Significant topics covered by him include music originating in the area, local African American culture and history, hometown heroes, disasters such as flooding and crashes, famous people connected to the area, court cases, coal mining and mining disasters, communities and their services, and transportation.  Of particular note, the collection documents Archer's trip to Japan in 1996 for the Interassociation for Ecology Symposia (INTECOL) on wood and forestry.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs in the collection, mostly contemporary, detail many events during the time of Archer's reporting.  Of particular note are those by Melvin \"Mel\" Grubb, a long time photographer for \u003ctitle\u003eThe Bluefield Daily Telegraph\u003c/title\u003e. The collection also includes a number of other media formats such as films and recordings.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnd finally, throughout the collection there are a large number of Archer's newspaper columns which demonstrate the process of writing newspaper stories beginning with interview notes and ending with the final articles.  Also included are his writings in other literary forms such as local histories, stories, poems, and songs. Some stories and a cookbook were written under the pseudonym Richard Lucas.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwelve compact discs of performances by Archer and Miller are found in Box 28.  Particularly represented in the collection is Archer's work on the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. A compact disc of the music and narration is one of those in Box 28. Digital files of his compositions include 131 files consisting of the compact disk recordings as well as the text of an essay reflecting on music; and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the compact discs, Box 28 also contains handwritten and typed Archer compositions and includes love songs to his wife Evonda.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of the following series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Keystone Bank\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. John Nash\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e \nSeries 3. Subjects\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Photographs and Other Media\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Writings \u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe Keystone Bank files (Boxes 5, 9-13) consist mostly of facsimile copies, sent by fax machines, of court proceedings regarding the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County, as well as research materials and handwritten notes of court proceedings and interviews. The series also contains artist sketches of court proceedings; two baseball caps; a bomber jacket; and other memorabilia (Boxes 20-22).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe John Forbes Nash, Jr. (1928-2015) was born in Bluefield, and was the 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics for his work in the mathematics of game theory.  His biography, \u003ctitle\u003eA Beautiful Mind\u003c/title\u003e (1998) by Sylvia Nasar, frankly discussed his struggle with paranoid schizophrenia and led to a major motion picture by the same name (2001). His materials (Boxes 15 and 16) consist of numerous tributes to him; correspondence between Archer and Nash and correspondence with Nash's sister, Martha Legg; correspondence with Sylvia Nasar; and promotional and press materials for the film A Beautiful Mind.  Artifacts (Boxes 25-27) for the film include a jacket, two T-shirts, and a baseball cap.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital materials include: identifier: 4388_digitran_4, which contains 24 jpeg photos related to Archer's work on John Nash. Identifier: 4388_disc6_b16_f14 contains the files for the DVD of the 2002 Bluefield Chamber of Commerce Dinner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 and 2 document the specific subjects of the Keystone Bank and John Nash respectively.  Series 3 covers a wide range of subject matter relating to Mercer and McDowell Counties including community events; people in and connected to the area; and the history of local communities, including extensive coverage of the African American community and Bluefield State College among other topics. Formats for additional subjects include original newspaper clippings and copies from microfilm, handwritten interviews and story notes, correspondence, and original and facsimiles of research materials.  Archer's research materials and reporting on various topics are scattered throughout the collection (Boxes 1-3, 5-9, 14, 17-20, 22-23).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMusic CD containing one track by Darnell Miller called, \"If Swinging Doors Don't Get Me, Lonesome Will\". Identifier: 4388_disc2_b1_f9\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about Bluefield, WV in the 1950s and 1960s by J. Franklin Long. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk2_b2_f10.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes brief biography and photo of Herbert \"Hub\" Hunter; photo Tazewell, VA; photo telephone operators; aerial photo of mine operation; photo of former Welch Lions Club members; football themed sketch of \"Stubby;\" computer CD of photos of elderly African-Americans at a birthday party (identifier: 4388_disc1_b7_f15); facsimile of 1911 NY Times about Bluefield incident and offer of an historical accounting; rescue squad recognition program, facsimile of web page about child survivor of Buchenwald and Max Kammer photo exhibit newspaper article; \"Songs of Yesterday\" booklet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn Adobe Pro pdf file sent by William Archer as an attachment to an email.  The facsimile was probably scanned from an original. It is accompanied by an html file which is a copy of the West Virginia Division of Culture and History's webpage on Tyler Edward Hill, whom Archer believes authored the booklet. The booklet also includes a brief mention of the story that inpsired Archer's unfinished writing, \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains a significant number of photographs, negatives, and some photos on CD and are dispersed throughout William Archer's papers.  Most of the photographs date from the 1990s and early 2000s, although some are older, of places, events, and people in Mercer and McDowell Counties. Other  formats include a motion picture film, books, videocassette recordings, sound audiocassette recordings, phonograph records, maps, and artwork.  Artifacts include jackets, t-shirts, baseball caps, and other objects.  (Boxes 1-3, 6-7, 17, 20)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about the Gary Country Club in McDowell County. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk1_b1_f6.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe identifier for the image on CD, Vera Pocahontas Mine, No. 3, \"Day Shift\" Landgraff, WV, July 9-19, 1940, is 4388_disc3_b1_f35.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history content consists of two published CDs titled \"Folks Are Talking: Oral Histories from the 1970s Gathered by Garret Mathews\". Garret Mathews was a writer for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The identifier for the oral history content is 4388_disc5_b7_f10 and the discs contain 33 tracks total.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Four for Bluefield\", identifier: 4388_disc22_b17_f10 is a copy of a CD in box 28 and can be accessed by requesting Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"J.E. Martin House Project\", identifier 4388_disc21_b17_f10, consists of videos of the J.E. Martin House in Bluefield, WV and work on the house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo jpeg images of six individuals, one of whom is William Archer, in formal attire. The files were originally found on a disc, however, the disc was unable to be found. Identifier: 4388_disc23_missing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes newspaper columns written by Bill Archer on various topics (Boxes 1-6, 8, 14, 19, 24) as well as magazine articles and liteary forms he wrote.  Additional examples of his writing are scattered throughout all the series.  Most of the newspaper articles are original clippings, but some are facsimiles. Box 4 contains an extensive collection of his opinion pieces, and Box 28 contains magazine articles written by Archer.  The articles are from \u003ctitle\u003eCoal People Magazine\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eWonderful West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, and a few other publications. Literary foms found throughout the collection include stories, poems, lyrics, and histories, both typed and handwritten. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nDigital files of his compositions include 120 files consisting of the text of an essay reflecting on music, and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller, copied from 12 compact computer discs.   \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo electronic files, one a proposal for a book titled \u003ctitle\u003eThe Under Thirty Minute Meals of Richard Lucas\u003c/title\u003e, a pseudonym for William Archer, and the other a section of the book \"Wok like a Man.\" The book proposal seems to have been a compilation of previously written columns. Files are in Microsoft Word format, as sent by William Archer in 2019. Identifier: 4388_digitran_2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo electronic Word documents emailed by William Archer.  One is a synopsis for a \"fact-based work of fiction\" titled \"Cinder Bottom.\"  The other is the start of a story titled \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\" and is about a young woman lured into prostitution by promise of a job. Identifier: 4388_digitran_3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript, edited by Archer's wife Evonda, for a story about protesting the Vietnam War and titled \"What Did You Do?\" The document, a  Adobe Acrobat Pro pdf file, was sent attached to an email.  At the end of the digital file are facsimiles of a 1967 \u003ctitle\u003eBluefield Daily Telegraph\u003c/title\u003e newspaper article in two pages about the youth protests against the war.  Another digital file is a photograph of a war protest button, \"Confront the Warmakers, Oct. 21st, Wash. D.C. Support Our Boys in Vietnam--Bring Them Home\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompact discs include: \n\u003ctitle\u003eStu and Bill Archer, the Archer Brothers\u003c/title\u003e, 21 songs; track 5 \"Cackleburr Drive\" written by Archer in 1971, all other songs assumed to be by written by others.\n\u003ctitle\u003eBramwell 100 Year Celebration\u003c/title\u003e; music and narration\n\u003ctitle\u003eCoalfield Visions, 1990\u003c/title\u003e; 10 songs, \"Cha[r]lton Singers featured on track 7, 'Route 52'\n\u003ctitle\u003eTwo for Pocahontas\u003c/title\u003e; 2 songs: '114 Miners' \u0026amp; 'Pocahontas Mine Song'\n\u003ctitle\u003eGaining Momentum\u003c/title\u003e; 7 songs\n\u003ctitle\u003eproject duo\u003c/title\u003e; 17 songs; \"Most songs were re-recordings except John Nash song\n\u003ctitle\u003eMerry, Merry Christmas\u003c/title\u003e; 10 songs written by others\n\u003ctitle\u003eFour for Bluefield\u003c/title\u003e; 4 songs; \"Remix of 4 Bluefield songs from \u003ctitle\u003eProject Duo\u003c/title\u003e, 'Land of Misted Mountains,' 'Lemonade Song,' 'Route 52,' 'John F. Nash of Bluefield'\n\u003ctitle\u003eSounds of the Hills, Volume 1 or 2\u003c/title\u003e, 9 songs; \"Music celebrating our region's history and heritage, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n\u003ctitle\u003eGlory in the Gospel, Volume 2 or 2\u003c/title\u003e, 10 songs; \"Music of praise and worship in His holy name, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n\u003ctitle\u003eSolid as the Bank of Kimball and the Wheelbarrow\u003c/title\u003e, 2 songs; \"Remix of 'Wheelbarrow Song' and 'Bank of Bramwell' to promote re-open of Bank in 2007\"\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAll content is retained as digital files, as well. These CDs are part of 4388 ADD 2020-02.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026amp; Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc10_box28. \"Gaining Momentum\", 7 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. Recorded 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc11_box28. \"Solid as the Bank of Bramwell\", 2 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc12_box28. \"Coalfield Visions Remake 1993\", 10 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc13_box28. \"Two for Pocahontas\", 2 .wav files. Repackaged 1990 recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc14_box28. \"Coalfield Visions\", original recording, 10 .wav files. Recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc15_box28. \"The Archer Brothers\" by Stu and Bill Archer. 21 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc16_box28. \"project duo\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 17 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc17_box28. \"Merry, Merry Christmas\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"Four for Bluefield\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 4 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc19_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 1\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 9 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc20_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 2\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_add_2020-02_digtran_05. Word doc titled, \"Bill Archer Songs 1971-1995\" by Bill Archer. Autobiographical writings on his musical works, including historical background and lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of William \"Bill\" Archer, newspaper journalist for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph and historian, document Archer's research and reporting of events in Southern West Virginia, predominantly Mercer and McDowell Counties. In addition to his reporting, Archer wrote a number of local history books as well as articles for publications other than the Bluefield paper.","The largest part of the collection, six boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County; subsequent criminal and civil court cases; and Congressional oversight hearings.  Another significant part of the collection, two boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on John Forbes Nash Jr., 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics and a Bluefield native.  The files document Nash's time in Bluefield and at Bluefield State College, his family, and his career.  The Nash files also include reporting and research materials about the book and film, A Beautiful Mind, about Nash's life and work.","Archer researched all aspects of coal country life.  Significant topics covered by him include music originating in the area, local African American culture and history, hometown heroes, disasters such as flooding and crashes, famous people connected to the area, court cases, coal mining and mining disasters, communities and their services, and transportation.  Of particular note, the collection documents Archer's trip to Japan in 1996 for the Interassociation for Ecology Symposia (INTECOL) on wood and forestry.","Photographs in the collection, mostly contemporary, detail many events during the time of Archer's reporting.  Of particular note are those by Melvin \"Mel\" Grubb, a long time photographer for The Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The collection also includes a number of other media formats such as films and recordings.","And finally, throughout the collection there are a large number of Archer's newspaper columns which demonstrate the process of writing newspaper stories beginning with interview notes and ending with the final articles.  Also included are his writings in other literary forms such as local histories, stories, poems, and songs. Some stories and a cookbook were written under the pseudonym Richard Lucas.","Twelve compact discs of performances by Archer and Miller are found in Box 28.  Particularly represented in the collection is Archer's work on the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. A compact disc of the music and narration is one of those in Box 28. Digital files of his compositions include 131 files consisting of the compact disk recordings as well as the text of an essay reflecting on music; and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller.","In addition to the compact discs, Box 28 also contains handwritten and typed Archer compositions and includes love songs to his wife Evonda.","The collection consists of the following series:","Series 1. Keystone Bank\nSeries 2. John Nash \nSeries 3. Subjects\nSeries 4. Photographs and Other Media\nSeries 5. Writings","The Keystone Bank files (Boxes 5, 9-13) consist mostly of facsimile copies, sent by fax machines, of court proceedings regarding the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County, as well as research materials and handwritten notes of court proceedings and interviews. The series also contains artist sketches of court proceedings; two baseball caps; a bomber jacket; and other memorabilia (Boxes 20-22).","The John Forbes Nash, Jr. (1928-2015) was born in Bluefield, and was the 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics for his work in the mathematics of game theory.  His biography, A Beautiful Mind (1998) by Sylvia Nasar, frankly discussed his struggle with paranoid schizophrenia and led to a major motion picture by the same name (2001). His materials (Boxes 15 and 16) consist of numerous tributes to him; correspondence between Archer and Nash and correspondence with Nash's sister, Martha Legg; correspondence with Sylvia Nasar; and promotional and press materials for the film A Beautiful Mind.  Artifacts (Boxes 25-27) for the film include a jacket, two T-shirts, and a baseball cap.","Digital materials include: identifier: 4388_digitran_4, which contains 24 jpeg photos related to Archer's work on John Nash. Identifier: 4388_disc6_b16_f14 contains the files for the DVD of the 2002 Bluefield Chamber of Commerce Dinner.","Series 1 and 2 document the specific subjects of the Keystone Bank and John Nash respectively.  Series 3 covers a wide range of subject matter relating to Mercer and McDowell Counties including community events; people in and connected to the area; and the history of local communities, including extensive coverage of the African American community and Bluefield State College among other topics. Formats for additional subjects include original newspaper clippings and copies from microfilm, handwritten interviews and story notes, correspondence, and original and facsimiles of research materials.  Archer's research materials and reporting on various topics are scattered throughout the collection (Boxes 1-3, 5-9, 14, 17-20, 22-23).","Music CD containing one track by Darnell Miller called, \"If Swinging Doors Don't Get Me, Lonesome Will\". Identifier: 4388_disc2_b1_f9","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about Bluefield, WV in the 1950s and 1960s by J. Franklin Long. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk2_b2_f10.","Includes brief biography and photo of Herbert \"Hub\" Hunter; photo Tazewell, VA; photo telephone operators; aerial photo of mine operation; photo of former Welch Lions Club members; football themed sketch of \"Stubby;\" computer CD of photos of elderly African-Americans at a birthday party (identifier: 4388_disc1_b7_f15); facsimile of 1911 NY Times about Bluefield incident and offer of an historical accounting; rescue squad recognition program, facsimile of web page about child survivor of Buchenwald and Max Kammer photo exhibit newspaper article; \"Songs of Yesterday\" booklet.","An Adobe Pro pdf file sent by William Archer as an attachment to an email.  The facsimile was probably scanned from an original. It is accompanied by an html file which is a copy of the West Virginia Division of Culture and History's webpage on Tyler Edward Hill, whom Archer believes authored the booklet. The booklet also includes a brief mention of the story that inpsired Archer's unfinished writing, \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","The collection contains a significant number of photographs, negatives, and some photos on CD and are dispersed throughout William Archer's papers.  Most of the photographs date from the 1990s and early 2000s, although some are older, of places, events, and people in Mercer and McDowell Counties. Other  formats include a motion picture film, books, videocassette recordings, sound audiocassette recordings, phonograph records, maps, and artwork.  Artifacts include jackets, t-shirts, baseball caps, and other objects.  (Boxes 1-3, 6-7, 17, 20)","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about the Gary Country Club in McDowell County. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk1_b1_f6.","The identifier for the image on CD, Vera Pocahontas Mine, No. 3, \"Day Shift\" Landgraff, WV, July 9-19, 1940, is 4388_disc3_b1_f35.","Oral history content consists of two published CDs titled \"Folks Are Talking: Oral Histories from the 1970s Gathered by Garret Mathews\". Garret Mathews was a writer for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The identifier for the oral history content is 4388_disc5_b7_f10 and the discs contain 33 tracks total.","\"Four for Bluefield\", identifier: 4388_disc22_b17_f10 is a copy of a CD in box 28 and can be accessed by requesting Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"J.E. Martin House Project\", identifier 4388_disc21_b17_f10, consists of videos of the J.E. Martin House in Bluefield, WV and work on the house.","Two jpeg images of six individuals, one of whom is William Archer, in formal attire. The files were originally found on a disc, however, the disc was unable to be found. Identifier: 4388_disc23_missing.","This series includes newspaper columns written by Bill Archer on various topics (Boxes 1-6, 8, 14, 19, 24) as well as magazine articles and liteary forms he wrote.  Additional examples of his writing are scattered throughout all the series.  Most of the newspaper articles are original clippings, but some are facsimiles. Box 4 contains an extensive collection of his opinion pieces, and Box 28 contains magazine articles written by Archer.  The articles are from Coal People Magazine, Goldenseal, Wonderful West Virginia, and a few other publications. Literary foms found throughout the collection include stories, poems, lyrics, and histories, both typed and handwritten.","Digital files of his compositions include 120 files consisting of the text of an essay reflecting on music, and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller, copied from 12 compact computer discs.","Two electronic files, one a proposal for a book titled The Under Thirty Minute Meals of Richard Lucas, a pseudonym for William Archer, and the other a section of the book \"Wok like a Man.\" The book proposal seems to have been a compilation of previously written columns. Files are in Microsoft Word format, as sent by William Archer in 2019. Identifier: 4388_digitran_2.","Two electronic Word documents emailed by William Archer.  One is a synopsis for a \"fact-based work of fiction\" titled \"Cinder Bottom.\"  The other is the start of a story titled \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\" and is about a young woman lured into prostitution by promise of a job. Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","Manuscript, edited by Archer's wife Evonda, for a story about protesting the Vietnam War and titled \"What Did You Do?\" The document, a  Adobe Acrobat Pro pdf file, was sent attached to an email.  At the end of the digital file are facsimiles of a 1967 Bluefield Daily Telegraph newspaper article in two pages about the youth protests against the war.  Another digital file is a photograph of a war protest button, \"Confront the Warmakers, Oct. 21st, Wash. D.C. Support Our Boys in Vietnam--Bring Them Home\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_1.","Compact discs include: \nStu and Bill Archer, the Archer Brothers, 21 songs; track 5 \"Cackleburr Drive\" written by Archer in 1971, all other songs assumed to be by written by others.\nBramwell 100 Year Celebration; music and narration\nCoalfield Visions, 1990; 10 songs, \"Cha[r]lton Singers featured on track 7, 'Route 52'\nTwo for Pocahontas; 2 songs: '114 Miners' \u0026 'Pocahontas Mine Song'\nGaining Momentum; 7 songs\nproject duo; 17 songs; \"Most songs were re-recordings except John Nash song\nMerry, Merry Christmas; 10 songs written by others\nFour for Bluefield; 4 songs; \"Remix of 4 Bluefield songs from Project Duo, 'Land of Misted Mountains,' 'Lemonade Song,' 'Route 52,' 'John F. Nash of Bluefield'\nSounds of the Hills, Volume 1 or 2, 9 songs; \"Music celebrating our region's history and heritage, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\nGlory in the Gospel, Volume 2 or 2, 10 songs; \"Music of praise and worship in His holy name, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\nSolid as the Bank of Kimball and the Wheelbarrow, 2 songs; \"Remix of 'Wheelbarrow Song' and 'Bank of Bramwell' to promote re-open of Bank in 2007\"\n\nAll content is retained as digital files, as well. These CDs are part of 4388 ADD 2020-02.","Identifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026 Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc10_box28. \"Gaining Momentum\", 7 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. Recorded 1992.","Identifier: 4388_disc11_box28. \"Solid as the Bank of Bramwell\", 2 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc12_box28. \"Coalfield Visions Remake 1993\", 10 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc13_box28. \"Two for Pocahontas\", 2 .wav files. Repackaged 1990 recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc14_box28. \"Coalfield Visions\", original recording, 10 .wav files. Recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc15_box28. \"The Archer Brothers\" by Stu and Bill Archer. 21 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc16_box28. \"project duo\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 17 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc17_box28. \"Merry, Merry Christmas\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"Four for Bluefield\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 4 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc19_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 1\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 9 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc20_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 2\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_add_2020-02_digtran_05. Word doc titled, \"Bill Archer Songs 1971-1995\" by Bill Archer. Autobiographical writings on his musical works, including historical background and lyrics."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems transferred to the Rare Books Librarian:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWilderness\u003c/title\u003e by Vance G. Martin\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eThe Crozers of Upland\u003c/title\u003e by David A. MacQueen -- Rare book\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eLegendary Local of McDowell County\u003c/title\u003e by William Archer\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eThe Bramwell Breeze\u003c/title\u003e 1911/1912\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Items transferred to the Rare Books Librarian:","Wilderness by Vance G. Martin","The Crozers of Upland by David A. MacQueen -- Rare book","Legendary Local of McDowell County by William Archer","The Bramwell Breeze 1911/1912"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_cf33e0a1b957c44f683ffcdbbe87924c\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015"],"persname_ssim":["Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)","Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":481,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:58:55.130Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6481.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/206572","title_ssm":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"title_tesim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"unitdate_ssm":["1795-2020","ca. 1950-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1795-2020"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["ca. 1950-2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1795/2020, bulk 1950/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, 1795/2020, bulk 1950/2010"],"text":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, 1795/2020, bulk 1950/2010","A\u0026M 4388","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6481","Bluefield (W. Va.)","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- McDowell County","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Mercer County","Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","William \"Bill\" Archer's papers represent his work as a journalist, historian, and musician. He grew up in Claysville, Pennsylvania. His parents provided roots in the Scotch-Irish heritage from his mother and Russian roots from his father, Carl Wesley Archer. After graduating from McGuffey High School in 1967, Archer attended West Virginia University where he graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor's degree in English. He also completed twelve hours of graduate work in English with WVU.","Although Archer's first writing job in southern West Virginia was with the Twin-State Marketer (Bluefield, VA) beginning in 1986, he contributed sporadically to the Bluefield Daily Telegraph beginning in 1983. In 1992, he joined the staff of the Bluefield paper and continued his work there as a reporter and senior editor until 2016. During this time, he was also a stringer from the State Journal, a West Virginia business publication, 1999-2003. Archer covered the news extensively not just in Bluefield but in adjacent counties in West Virginia and northwestern Virginia.","Due to Archer's important coverage of news events in Southern West Virginia and service to his community, he has received a number of awards:","1994\nFor his substantial contribution to news coverage, he received the Award of Excellence for Outstanding Editorial Achievement from Thomson Newspapers\n2000\nFor his coverage of the collapse of the First National Bank of Keystone Bank, he received the Outstanding Journalist Award from the West Virginia Trial Lawyers Association\n2003\nThe Mercer County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded him the Merit Award\nThe Veterans of Foreign Wars, Post 9696, awarded him two Distinguished Service Awards\n2007\nArcher was dubbed \"the consummate community newspaper reporter\" by a former publisher of the Bluefield Daily Telegraph when he was named a West Virginia History Hero by the Mercer County Historical Society\n2013\nHe received two awards the Shott Excellence in Media Award and the National Coal Heritage Area Research Documentation Award\n2015\nThe local American Legion awarded him the Distinguished Citizenship Award","Archer authored a number of local history books and approximately 125 magazine articles in addition to his newspaper reporting. The books, in the \"Images of America\" series from Arcadia Publishing, document the history of the cities of Bluefield, Princeton, and Welch. His county histories include Mercer County (WV), McDowell County (WV), and Bland County (VA). He has written numerous articles for Wonderful West Virginia, and also has contributed to Goldenseal, The West Virginia Encyclopedia, Appalachian Heritage, Coal People, and Virginia Cavalcade.","Archer's interest in the varied music of southern West Virginia is reflected in some of his writing, but he also wrote poetry and songs. He recorded and performed original music compositions with Karl Miller for more than thirty years. He wrote the lyrics for the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell.","After retiring as a writer, Archere extended his service to the community as a Mercer County Commissioner for the 2017-2022 term. This time of his life postdates the donated materials in this collection.","William Archer and his wife Evonda continue to reside in Bluefield.","This collection (A\u0026M 4388) contains a partial copy of the Matewan Trial transcript.","See also:\nA\u0026M 3608, Matewan Trial Transcript\nPages 2012 to 3958  (February 12, 1921 – February 23, 1921)\nPlus 1 page of index of witnesses","Compare to:\nA\u0026M 4388, William Archer Papers, Box 8, Folders 1-7, Matewan Trial Transcript \nPages 1 to 11, list of witnesses, in Folder 1\nPages 3340 to 4671  (February 22, 1921 – February 28, 1921)","West Virgina Archives and History in Charleston, West Virginia appears to hold the entire transcript:\nMingo County, Case file State vs. Sid Hatfield et al., transcripts, jury selection, witness statements (originals and photocopies), 1921 January 19 to March 16, 15 boxes","The papers of William \"Bill\" Archer, newspaper journalist for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph and historian, document Archer's research and reporting of events in Southern West Virginia, predominantly Mercer and McDowell Counties. In addition to his reporting, Archer wrote a number of local history books as well as articles for publications other than the Bluefield paper.","The largest part of the collection, six boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County; subsequent criminal and civil court cases; and Congressional oversight hearings.  Another significant part of the collection, two boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on John Forbes Nash Jr., 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics and a Bluefield native.  The files document Nash's time in Bluefield and at Bluefield State College, his family, and his career.  The Nash files also include reporting and research materials about the book and film, A Beautiful Mind, about Nash's life and work.","Archer researched all aspects of coal country life.  Significant topics covered by him include music originating in the area, local African American culture and history, hometown heroes, disasters such as flooding and crashes, famous people connected to the area, court cases, coal mining and mining disasters, communities and their services, and transportation.  Of particular note, the collection documents Archer's trip to Japan in 1996 for the Interassociation for Ecology Symposia (INTECOL) on wood and forestry.","Photographs in the collection, mostly contemporary, detail many events during the time of Archer's reporting.  Of particular note are those by Melvin \"Mel\" Grubb, a long time photographer for The Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The collection also includes a number of other media formats such as films and recordings.","And finally, throughout the collection there are a large number of Archer's newspaper columns which demonstrate the process of writing newspaper stories beginning with interview notes and ending with the final articles.  Also included are his writings in other literary forms such as local histories, stories, poems, and songs. Some stories and a cookbook were written under the pseudonym Richard Lucas.","Twelve compact discs of performances by Archer and Miller are found in Box 28.  Particularly represented in the collection is Archer's work on the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. A compact disc of the music and narration is one of those in Box 28. Digital files of his compositions include 131 files consisting of the compact disk recordings as well as the text of an essay reflecting on music; and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller.","In addition to the compact discs, Box 28 also contains handwritten and typed Archer compositions and includes love songs to his wife Evonda.","The collection consists of the following series:","Series 1. Keystone Bank\nSeries 2. John Nash \nSeries 3. Subjects\nSeries 4. Photographs and Other Media\nSeries 5. Writings","The Keystone Bank files (Boxes 5, 9-13) consist mostly of facsimile copies, sent by fax machines, of court proceedings regarding the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County, as well as research materials and handwritten notes of court proceedings and interviews. The series also contains artist sketches of court proceedings; two baseball caps; a bomber jacket; and other memorabilia (Boxes 20-22).","The John Forbes Nash, Jr. (1928-2015) was born in Bluefield, and was the 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics for his work in the mathematics of game theory.  His biography, A Beautiful Mind (1998) by Sylvia Nasar, frankly discussed his struggle with paranoid schizophrenia and led to a major motion picture by the same name (2001). His materials (Boxes 15 and 16) consist of numerous tributes to him; correspondence between Archer and Nash and correspondence with Nash's sister, Martha Legg; correspondence with Sylvia Nasar; and promotional and press materials for the film A Beautiful Mind.  Artifacts (Boxes 25-27) for the film include a jacket, two T-shirts, and a baseball cap.","Digital materials include: identifier: 4388_digitran_4, which contains 24 jpeg photos related to Archer's work on John Nash. Identifier: 4388_disc6_b16_f14 contains the files for the DVD of the 2002 Bluefield Chamber of Commerce Dinner.","Series 1 and 2 document the specific subjects of the Keystone Bank and John Nash respectively.  Series 3 covers a wide range of subject matter relating to Mercer and McDowell Counties including community events; people in and connected to the area; and the history of local communities, including extensive coverage of the African American community and Bluefield State College among other topics. Formats for additional subjects include original newspaper clippings and copies from microfilm, handwritten interviews and story notes, correspondence, and original and facsimiles of research materials.  Archer's research materials and reporting on various topics are scattered throughout the collection (Boxes 1-3, 5-9, 14, 17-20, 22-23).","Music CD containing one track by Darnell Miller called, \"If Swinging Doors Don't Get Me, Lonesome Will\". Identifier: 4388_disc2_b1_f9","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about Bluefield, WV in the 1950s and 1960s by J. Franklin Long. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk2_b2_f10.","Includes brief biography and photo of Herbert \"Hub\" Hunter; photo Tazewell, VA; photo telephone operators; aerial photo of mine operation; photo of former Welch Lions Club members; football themed sketch of \"Stubby;\" computer CD of photos of elderly African-Americans at a birthday party (identifier: 4388_disc1_b7_f15); facsimile of 1911 NY Times about Bluefield incident and offer of an historical accounting; rescue squad recognition program, facsimile of web page about child survivor of Buchenwald and Max Kammer photo exhibit newspaper article; \"Songs of Yesterday\" booklet.","An Adobe Pro pdf file sent by William Archer as an attachment to an email.  The facsimile was probably scanned from an original. It is accompanied by an html file which is a copy of the West Virginia Division of Culture and History's webpage on Tyler Edward Hill, whom Archer believes authored the booklet. The booklet also includes a brief mention of the story that inpsired Archer's unfinished writing, \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","The collection contains a significant number of photographs, negatives, and some photos on CD and are dispersed throughout William Archer's papers.  Most of the photographs date from the 1990s and early 2000s, although some are older, of places, events, and people in Mercer and McDowell Counties. Other  formats include a motion picture film, books, videocassette recordings, sound audiocassette recordings, phonograph records, maps, and artwork.  Artifacts include jackets, t-shirts, baseball caps, and other objects.  (Boxes 1-3, 6-7, 17, 20)","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about the Gary Country Club in McDowell County. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk1_b1_f6.","The identifier for the image on CD, Vera Pocahontas Mine, No. 3, \"Day Shift\" Landgraff, WV, July 9-19, 1940, is 4388_disc3_b1_f35.","Oral history content consists of two published CDs titled \"Folks Are Talking: Oral Histories from the 1970s Gathered by Garret Mathews\". Garret Mathews was a writer for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The identifier for the oral history content is 4388_disc5_b7_f10 and the discs contain 33 tracks total.","\"Four for Bluefield\", identifier: 4388_disc22_b17_f10 is a copy of a CD in box 28 and can be accessed by requesting Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"J.E. Martin House Project\", identifier 4388_disc21_b17_f10, consists of videos of the J.E. Martin House in Bluefield, WV and work on the house.","Two jpeg images of six individuals, one of whom is William Archer, in formal attire. The files were originally found on a disc, however, the disc was unable to be found. Identifier: 4388_disc23_missing.","This series includes newspaper columns written by Bill Archer on various topics (Boxes 1-6, 8, 14, 19, 24) as well as magazine articles and liteary forms he wrote.  Additional examples of his writing are scattered throughout all the series.  Most of the newspaper articles are original clippings, but some are facsimiles. Box 4 contains an extensive collection of his opinion pieces, and Box 28 contains magazine articles written by Archer.  The articles are from Coal People Magazine, Goldenseal, Wonderful West Virginia, and a few other publications. Literary foms found throughout the collection include stories, poems, lyrics, and histories, both typed and handwritten.","Digital files of his compositions include 120 files consisting of the text of an essay reflecting on music, and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller, copied from 12 compact computer discs.","Two electronic files, one a proposal for a book titled The Under Thirty Minute Meals of Richard Lucas, a pseudonym for William Archer, and the other a section of the book \"Wok like a Man.\" The book proposal seems to have been a compilation of previously written columns. Files are in Microsoft Word format, as sent by William Archer in 2019. Identifier: 4388_digitran_2.","Two electronic Word documents emailed by William Archer.  One is a synopsis for a \"fact-based work of fiction\" titled \"Cinder Bottom.\"  The other is the start of a story titled \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\" and is about a young woman lured into prostitution by promise of a job. Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","Manuscript, edited by Archer's wife Evonda, for a story about protesting the Vietnam War and titled \"What Did You Do?\" The document, a  Adobe Acrobat Pro pdf file, was sent attached to an email.  At the end of the digital file are facsimiles of a 1967 Bluefield Daily Telegraph newspaper article in two pages about the youth protests against the war.  Another digital file is a photograph of a war protest button, \"Confront the Warmakers, Oct. 21st, Wash. D.C. Support Our Boys in Vietnam--Bring Them Home\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_1.","Compact discs include: \nStu and Bill Archer, the Archer Brothers, 21 songs; track 5 \"Cackleburr Drive\" written by Archer in 1971, all other songs assumed to be by written by others.\nBramwell 100 Year Celebration; music and narration\nCoalfield Visions, 1990; 10 songs, \"Cha[r]lton Singers featured on track 7, 'Route 52'\nTwo for Pocahontas; 2 songs: '114 Miners' \u0026 'Pocahontas Mine Song'\nGaining Momentum; 7 songs\nproject duo; 17 songs; \"Most songs were re-recordings except John Nash song\nMerry, Merry Christmas; 10 songs written by others\nFour for Bluefield; 4 songs; \"Remix of 4 Bluefield songs from Project Duo, 'Land of Misted Mountains,' 'Lemonade Song,' 'Route 52,' 'John F. Nash of Bluefield'\nSounds of the Hills, Volume 1 or 2, 9 songs; \"Music celebrating our region's history and heritage, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\nGlory in the Gospel, Volume 2 or 2, 10 songs; \"Music of praise and worship in His holy name, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\nSolid as the Bank of Kimball and the Wheelbarrow, 2 songs; \"Remix of 'Wheelbarrow Song' and 'Bank of Bramwell' to promote re-open of Bank in 2007\"\n\nAll content is retained as digital files, as well. These CDs are part of 4388 ADD 2020-02.","Identifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026 Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc10_box28. \"Gaining Momentum\", 7 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. Recorded 1992.","Identifier: 4388_disc11_box28. \"Solid as the Bank of Bramwell\", 2 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc12_box28. \"Coalfield Visions Remake 1993\", 10 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc13_box28. \"Two for Pocahontas\", 2 .wav files. Repackaged 1990 recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc14_box28. \"Coalfield Visions\", original recording, 10 .wav files. Recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc15_box28. \"The Archer Brothers\" by Stu and Bill Archer. 21 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc16_box28. \"project duo\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 17 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc17_box28. \"Merry, Merry Christmas\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"Four for Bluefield\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 4 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc19_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 1\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 9 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc20_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 2\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_add_2020-02_digtran_05. Word doc titled, \"Bill Archer Songs 1971-1995\" by Bill Archer. Autobiographical writings on his musical works, including historical background and lyrics.","Items transferred to the Rare Books Librarian:","Wilderness by Vance G. Martin","The Crozers of Upland by David A. MacQueen -- Rare book","Legendary Local of McDowell County by William Archer","The Bramwell Breeze 1911/1912","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)","Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, 1795/2020, bulk 1950/2010"],"collection_ssim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, 1795/2020, bulk 1950/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4388","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6481"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4388","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6481"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Bluefield (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Bluefield (W. Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Bluefield (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Archer, William"],"creator_ssim":["Archer, William"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015","West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans  -- West Virginia -- McDowell County","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Mercer County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans  -- West Virginia -- McDowell County","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Mercer County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.75 Linear Feet 20 ft. 9 1/4 in. (13 record cartons, 15 in. each); (4 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (2 flat boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (3 flat boxes, 3 in. each); (1 box, 6 1/2 in.); (1 box, 5 in.); (1 index card box, 4 1/4 in.)","8.98 Gigabytes 308 files, formats include .jpg, .iso, .wav, .doc, .txt"],"extent_tesim":["20.75 Linear Feet 20 ft. 9 1/4 in. (13 record cartons, 15 in. each); (4 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (2 flat boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (3 flat boxes, 3 in. each); (1 box, 6 1/2 in.); (1 box, 5 in.); (1 index card box, 4 1/4 in.)","8.98 Gigabytes 308 files, formats include .jpg, .iso, .wav, .doc, .txt"],"date_range_isim":[1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \"Bill\" Archer's papers represent his work as a journalist, historian, and musician. He grew up in Claysville, Pennsylvania. His parents provided roots in the Scotch-Irish heritage from his mother and Russian roots from his father, Carl Wesley Archer. After graduating from McGuffey High School in 1967, Archer attended West Virginia University where he graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor's degree in English. He also completed twelve hours of graduate work in English with WVU. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough Archer's first writing job in southern West Virginia was with the Twin-State Marketer (Bluefield, VA) beginning in 1986, he contributed sporadically to the Bluefield Daily Telegraph beginning in 1983. In 1992, he joined the staff of the Bluefield paper and continued his work there as a reporter and senior editor until 2016. During this time, he was also a stringer from the State Journal, a West Virginia business publication, 1999-2003. Archer covered the news extensively not just in Bluefield but in adjacent counties in West Virginia and northwestern Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDue to Archer's important coverage of news events in Southern West Virginia and service to his community, he has received a number of awards: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1994\nFor his substantial contribution to news coverage, he received the Award of Excellence for Outstanding Editorial Achievement from Thomson Newspapers\n2000\nFor his coverage of the collapse of the First National Bank of Keystone Bank, he received the Outstanding Journalist Award from the West Virginia Trial Lawyers Association\n2003\nThe Mercer County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded him the Merit Award\nThe Veterans of Foreign Wars, Post 9696, awarded him two Distinguished Service Awards\n2007\nArcher was dubbed \"the consummate community newspaper reporter\" by a former publisher of the Bluefield Daily Telegraph when he was named a West Virginia History Hero by the Mercer County Historical Society\n2013\nHe received two awards the Shott Excellence in Media Award and the National Coal Heritage Area Research Documentation Award\n2015\nThe local American Legion awarded him the Distinguished Citizenship Award\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArcher authored a number of local history books and approximately 125 magazine articles in addition to his newspaper reporting. The books, in the \"Images of America\" series from Arcadia Publishing, document the history of the cities of Bluefield, Princeton, and Welch. His county histories include Mercer County (WV), McDowell County (WV), and Bland County (VA). He has written numerous articles for Wonderful West Virginia, and also has contributed to Goldenseal, The West Virginia Encyclopedia, Appalachian Heritage, Coal People, and Virginia Cavalcade.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArcher's interest in the varied music of southern West Virginia is reflected in some of his writing, but he also wrote poetry and songs. He recorded and performed original music compositions with Karl Miller for more than thirty years. He wrote the lyrics for the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter retiring as a writer, Archere extended his service to the community as a Mercer County Commissioner for the 2017-2022 term. This time of his life postdates the donated materials in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Archer and his wife Evonda continue to reside in Bluefield.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William \"Bill\" Archer's papers represent his work as a journalist, historian, and musician. He grew up in Claysville, Pennsylvania. His parents provided roots in the Scotch-Irish heritage from his mother and Russian roots from his father, Carl Wesley Archer. After graduating from McGuffey High School in 1967, Archer attended West Virginia University where he graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor's degree in English. He also completed twelve hours of graduate work in English with WVU.","Although Archer's first writing job in southern West Virginia was with the Twin-State Marketer (Bluefield, VA) beginning in 1986, he contributed sporadically to the Bluefield Daily Telegraph beginning in 1983. In 1992, he joined the staff of the Bluefield paper and continued his work there as a reporter and senior editor until 2016. During this time, he was also a stringer from the State Journal, a West Virginia business publication, 1999-2003. Archer covered the news extensively not just in Bluefield but in adjacent counties in West Virginia and northwestern Virginia.","Due to Archer's important coverage of news events in Southern West Virginia and service to his community, he has received a number of awards:","1994\nFor his substantial contribution to news coverage, he received the Award of Excellence for Outstanding Editorial Achievement from Thomson Newspapers\n2000\nFor his coverage of the collapse of the First National Bank of Keystone Bank, he received the Outstanding Journalist Award from the West Virginia Trial Lawyers Association\n2003\nThe Mercer County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded him the Merit Award\nThe Veterans of Foreign Wars, Post 9696, awarded him two Distinguished Service Awards\n2007\nArcher was dubbed \"the consummate community newspaper reporter\" by a former publisher of the Bluefield Daily Telegraph when he was named a West Virginia History Hero by the Mercer County Historical Society\n2013\nHe received two awards the Shott Excellence in Media Award and the National Coal Heritage Area Research Documentation Award\n2015\nThe local American Legion awarded him the Distinguished Citizenship Award","Archer authored a number of local history books and approximately 125 magazine articles in addition to his newspaper reporting. The books, in the \"Images of America\" series from Arcadia Publishing, document the history of the cities of Bluefield, Princeton, and Welch. His county histories include Mercer County (WV), McDowell County (WV), and Bland County (VA). He has written numerous articles for Wonderful West Virginia, and also has contributed to Goldenseal, The West Virginia Encyclopedia, Appalachian Heritage, Coal People, and Virginia Cavalcade.","Archer's interest in the varied music of southern West Virginia is reflected in some of his writing, but he also wrote poetry and songs. He recorded and performed original music compositions with Karl Miller for more than thirty years. He wrote the lyrics for the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell.","After retiring as a writer, Archere extended his service to the community as a Mercer County Commissioner for the 2017-2022 term. This time of his life postdates the donated materials in this collection.","William Archer and his wife Evonda continue to reside in Bluefield."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, A\u0026amp;M 4388, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, A\u0026M 4388, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection (A\u0026amp;M 4388) contains a partial copy of the Matewan Trial transcript.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nA\u0026amp;M 3608, Matewan Trial Transcript\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPages 2012 to 3958  (February 12, 1921 – February 23, 1921)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPlus 1 page of index of witnesses\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompare to:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nA\u0026amp;M 4388, William Archer Papers, Box 8, Folders 1-7, Matewan Trial Transcript \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPages 1 to 11, list of witnesses, in Folder 1\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPages 3340 to 4671  (February 22, 1921 – February 28, 1921)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest Virgina Archives and History in Charleston, West Virginia appears to hold the entire transcript:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMingo County, Case file State vs. Sid Hatfield et al., transcripts, jury selection, witness statements (originals and photocopies), 1921 January 19 to March 16, 15 boxes\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["This collection (A\u0026M 4388) contains a partial copy of the Matewan Trial transcript.","See also:\nA\u0026M 3608, Matewan Trial Transcript\nPages 2012 to 3958  (February 12, 1921 – February 23, 1921)\nPlus 1 page of index of witnesses","Compare to:\nA\u0026M 4388, William Archer Papers, Box 8, Folders 1-7, Matewan Trial Transcript \nPages 1 to 11, list of witnesses, in Folder 1\nPages 3340 to 4671  (February 22, 1921 – February 28, 1921)","West Virgina Archives and History in Charleston, West Virginia appears to hold the entire transcript:\nMingo County, Case file State vs. Sid Hatfield et al., transcripts, jury selection, witness statements (originals and photocopies), 1921 January 19 to March 16, 15 boxes"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of William \"Bill\" Archer, newspaper journalist for the \u003ctitle\u003eBluefield Daily Telegraph\u003c/title\u003e and historian, document Archer's research and reporting of events in Southern West Virginia, predominantly Mercer and McDowell Counties. In addition to his reporting, Archer wrote a number of local history books as well as articles for publications other than the Bluefield paper.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe largest part of the collection, six boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County; subsequent criminal and civil court cases; and Congressional oversight hearings.  Another significant part of the collection, two boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on John Forbes Nash Jr., 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics and a Bluefield native.  The files document Nash's time in Bluefield and at Bluefield State College, his family, and his career.  The Nash files also include reporting and research materials about the book and film, \u003ctitle\u003eA Beautiful Mind\u003c/title\u003e, about Nash's life and work.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArcher researched all aspects of coal country life.  Significant topics covered by him include music originating in the area, local African American culture and history, hometown heroes, disasters such as flooding and crashes, famous people connected to the area, court cases, coal mining and mining disasters, communities and their services, and transportation.  Of particular note, the collection documents Archer's trip to Japan in 1996 for the Interassociation for Ecology Symposia (INTECOL) on wood and forestry.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs in the collection, mostly contemporary, detail many events during the time of Archer's reporting.  Of particular note are those by Melvin \"Mel\" Grubb, a long time photographer for \u003ctitle\u003eThe Bluefield Daily Telegraph\u003c/title\u003e. The collection also includes a number of other media formats such as films and recordings.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnd finally, throughout the collection there are a large number of Archer's newspaper columns which demonstrate the process of writing newspaper stories beginning with interview notes and ending with the final articles.  Also included are his writings in other literary forms such as local histories, stories, poems, and songs. Some stories and a cookbook were written under the pseudonym Richard Lucas.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwelve compact discs of performances by Archer and Miller are found in Box 28.  Particularly represented in the collection is Archer's work on the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. A compact disc of the music and narration is one of those in Box 28. Digital files of his compositions include 131 files consisting of the compact disk recordings as well as the text of an essay reflecting on music; and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the compact discs, Box 28 also contains handwritten and typed Archer compositions and includes love songs to his wife Evonda.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of the following series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Keystone Bank\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. John Nash\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e \nSeries 3. Subjects\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Photographs and Other Media\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Writings \u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe Keystone Bank files (Boxes 5, 9-13) consist mostly of facsimile copies, sent by fax machines, of court proceedings regarding the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County, as well as research materials and handwritten notes of court proceedings and interviews. The series also contains artist sketches of court proceedings; two baseball caps; a bomber jacket; and other memorabilia (Boxes 20-22).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe John Forbes Nash, Jr. (1928-2015) was born in Bluefield, and was the 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics for his work in the mathematics of game theory.  His biography, \u003ctitle\u003eA Beautiful Mind\u003c/title\u003e (1998) by Sylvia Nasar, frankly discussed his struggle with paranoid schizophrenia and led to a major motion picture by the same name (2001). His materials (Boxes 15 and 16) consist of numerous tributes to him; correspondence between Archer and Nash and correspondence with Nash's sister, Martha Legg; correspondence with Sylvia Nasar; and promotional and press materials for the film A Beautiful Mind.  Artifacts (Boxes 25-27) for the film include a jacket, two T-shirts, and a baseball cap.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital materials include: identifier: 4388_digitran_4, which contains 24 jpeg photos related to Archer's work on John Nash. Identifier: 4388_disc6_b16_f14 contains the files for the DVD of the 2002 Bluefield Chamber of Commerce Dinner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 and 2 document the specific subjects of the Keystone Bank and John Nash respectively.  Series 3 covers a wide range of subject matter relating to Mercer and McDowell Counties including community events; people in and connected to the area; and the history of local communities, including extensive coverage of the African American community and Bluefield State College among other topics. Formats for additional subjects include original newspaper clippings and copies from microfilm, handwritten interviews and story notes, correspondence, and original and facsimiles of research materials.  Archer's research materials and reporting on various topics are scattered throughout the collection (Boxes 1-3, 5-9, 14, 17-20, 22-23).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMusic CD containing one track by Darnell Miller called, \"If Swinging Doors Don't Get Me, Lonesome Will\". Identifier: 4388_disc2_b1_f9\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about Bluefield, WV in the 1950s and 1960s by J. Franklin Long. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk2_b2_f10.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes brief biography and photo of Herbert \"Hub\" Hunter; photo Tazewell, VA; photo telephone operators; aerial photo of mine operation; photo of former Welch Lions Club members; football themed sketch of \"Stubby;\" computer CD of photos of elderly African-Americans at a birthday party (identifier: 4388_disc1_b7_f15); facsimile of 1911 NY Times about Bluefield incident and offer of an historical accounting; rescue squad recognition program, facsimile of web page about child survivor of Buchenwald and Max Kammer photo exhibit newspaper article; \"Songs of Yesterday\" booklet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn Adobe Pro pdf file sent by William Archer as an attachment to an email.  The facsimile was probably scanned from an original. It is accompanied by an html file which is a copy of the West Virginia Division of Culture and History's webpage on Tyler Edward Hill, whom Archer believes authored the booklet. The booklet also includes a brief mention of the story that inpsired Archer's unfinished writing, \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains a significant number of photographs, negatives, and some photos on CD and are dispersed throughout William Archer's papers.  Most of the photographs date from the 1990s and early 2000s, although some are older, of places, events, and people in Mercer and McDowell Counties. Other  formats include a motion picture film, books, videocassette recordings, sound audiocassette recordings, phonograph records, maps, and artwork.  Artifacts include jackets, t-shirts, baseball caps, and other objects.  (Boxes 1-3, 6-7, 17, 20)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about the Gary Country Club in McDowell County. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk1_b1_f6.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe identifier for the image on CD, Vera Pocahontas Mine, No. 3, \"Day Shift\" Landgraff, WV, July 9-19, 1940, is 4388_disc3_b1_f35.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history content consists of two published CDs titled \"Folks Are Talking: Oral Histories from the 1970s Gathered by Garret Mathews\". Garret Mathews was a writer for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The identifier for the oral history content is 4388_disc5_b7_f10 and the discs contain 33 tracks total.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Four for Bluefield\", identifier: 4388_disc22_b17_f10 is a copy of a CD in box 28 and can be accessed by requesting Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"J.E. Martin House Project\", identifier 4388_disc21_b17_f10, consists of videos of the J.E. Martin House in Bluefield, WV and work on the house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo jpeg images of six individuals, one of whom is William Archer, in formal attire. The files were originally found on a disc, however, the disc was unable to be found. Identifier: 4388_disc23_missing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes newspaper columns written by Bill Archer on various topics (Boxes 1-6, 8, 14, 19, 24) as well as magazine articles and liteary forms he wrote.  Additional examples of his writing are scattered throughout all the series.  Most of the newspaper articles are original clippings, but some are facsimiles. Box 4 contains an extensive collection of his opinion pieces, and Box 28 contains magazine articles written by Archer.  The articles are from \u003ctitle\u003eCoal People Magazine\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eWonderful West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, and a few other publications. Literary foms found throughout the collection include stories, poems, lyrics, and histories, both typed and handwritten. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nDigital files of his compositions include 120 files consisting of the text of an essay reflecting on music, and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller, copied from 12 compact computer discs.   \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo electronic files, one a proposal for a book titled \u003ctitle\u003eThe Under Thirty Minute Meals of Richard Lucas\u003c/title\u003e, a pseudonym for William Archer, and the other a section of the book \"Wok like a Man.\" The book proposal seems to have been a compilation of previously written columns. Files are in Microsoft Word format, as sent by William Archer in 2019. Identifier: 4388_digitran_2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo electronic Word documents emailed by William Archer.  One is a synopsis for a \"fact-based work of fiction\" titled \"Cinder Bottom.\"  The other is the start of a story titled \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\" and is about a young woman lured into prostitution by promise of a job. Identifier: 4388_digitran_3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript, edited by Archer's wife Evonda, for a story about protesting the Vietnam War and titled \"What Did You Do?\" The document, a  Adobe Acrobat Pro pdf file, was sent attached to an email.  At the end of the digital file are facsimiles of a 1967 \u003ctitle\u003eBluefield Daily Telegraph\u003c/title\u003e newspaper article in two pages about the youth protests against the war.  Another digital file is a photograph of a war protest button, \"Confront the Warmakers, Oct. 21st, Wash. D.C. Support Our Boys in Vietnam--Bring Them Home\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompact discs include: \n\u003ctitle\u003eStu and Bill Archer, the Archer Brothers\u003c/title\u003e, 21 songs; track 5 \"Cackleburr Drive\" written by Archer in 1971, all other songs assumed to be by written by others.\n\u003ctitle\u003eBramwell 100 Year Celebration\u003c/title\u003e; music and narration\n\u003ctitle\u003eCoalfield Visions, 1990\u003c/title\u003e; 10 songs, \"Cha[r]lton Singers featured on track 7, 'Route 52'\n\u003ctitle\u003eTwo for Pocahontas\u003c/title\u003e; 2 songs: '114 Miners' \u0026amp; 'Pocahontas Mine Song'\n\u003ctitle\u003eGaining Momentum\u003c/title\u003e; 7 songs\n\u003ctitle\u003eproject duo\u003c/title\u003e; 17 songs; \"Most songs were re-recordings except John Nash song\n\u003ctitle\u003eMerry, Merry Christmas\u003c/title\u003e; 10 songs written by others\n\u003ctitle\u003eFour for Bluefield\u003c/title\u003e; 4 songs; \"Remix of 4 Bluefield songs from \u003ctitle\u003eProject Duo\u003c/title\u003e, 'Land of Misted Mountains,' 'Lemonade Song,' 'Route 52,' 'John F. Nash of Bluefield'\n\u003ctitle\u003eSounds of the Hills, Volume 1 or 2\u003c/title\u003e, 9 songs; \"Music celebrating our region's history and heritage, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n\u003ctitle\u003eGlory in the Gospel, Volume 2 or 2\u003c/title\u003e, 10 songs; \"Music of praise and worship in His holy name, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n\u003ctitle\u003eSolid as the Bank of Kimball and the Wheelbarrow\u003c/title\u003e, 2 songs; \"Remix of 'Wheelbarrow Song' and 'Bank of Bramwell' to promote re-open of Bank in 2007\"\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAll content is retained as digital files, as well. These CDs are part of 4388 ADD 2020-02.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026amp; Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc10_box28. \"Gaining Momentum\", 7 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. Recorded 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc11_box28. \"Solid as the Bank of Bramwell\", 2 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc12_box28. \"Coalfield Visions Remake 1993\", 10 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc13_box28. \"Two for Pocahontas\", 2 .wav files. Repackaged 1990 recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc14_box28. \"Coalfield Visions\", original recording, 10 .wav files. Recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc15_box28. \"The Archer Brothers\" by Stu and Bill Archer. 21 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc16_box28. \"project duo\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 17 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc17_box28. \"Merry, Merry Christmas\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"Four for Bluefield\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 4 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc19_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 1\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 9 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc20_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 2\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_add_2020-02_digtran_05. Word doc titled, \"Bill Archer Songs 1971-1995\" by Bill Archer. Autobiographical writings on his musical works, including historical background and lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of William \"Bill\" Archer, newspaper journalist for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph and historian, document Archer's research and reporting of events in Southern West Virginia, predominantly Mercer and McDowell Counties. In addition to his reporting, Archer wrote a number of local history books as well as articles for publications other than the Bluefield paper.","The largest part of the collection, six boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County; subsequent criminal and civil court cases; and Congressional oversight hearings.  Another significant part of the collection, two boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on John Forbes Nash Jr., 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics and a Bluefield native.  The files document Nash's time in Bluefield and at Bluefield State College, his family, and his career.  The Nash files also include reporting and research materials about the book and film, A Beautiful Mind, about Nash's life and work.","Archer researched all aspects of coal country life.  Significant topics covered by him include music originating in the area, local African American culture and history, hometown heroes, disasters such as flooding and crashes, famous people connected to the area, court cases, coal mining and mining disasters, communities and their services, and transportation.  Of particular note, the collection documents Archer's trip to Japan in 1996 for the Interassociation for Ecology Symposia (INTECOL) on wood and forestry.","Photographs in the collection, mostly contemporary, detail many events during the time of Archer's reporting.  Of particular note are those by Melvin \"Mel\" Grubb, a long time photographer for The Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The collection also includes a number of other media formats such as films and recordings.","And finally, throughout the collection there are a large number of Archer's newspaper columns which demonstrate the process of writing newspaper stories beginning with interview notes and ending with the final articles.  Also included are his writings in other literary forms such as local histories, stories, poems, and songs. Some stories and a cookbook were written under the pseudonym Richard Lucas.","Twelve compact discs of performances by Archer and Miller are found in Box 28.  Particularly represented in the collection is Archer's work on the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. A compact disc of the music and narration is one of those in Box 28. Digital files of his compositions include 131 files consisting of the compact disk recordings as well as the text of an essay reflecting on music; and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller.","In addition to the compact discs, Box 28 also contains handwritten and typed Archer compositions and includes love songs to his wife Evonda.","The collection consists of the following series:","Series 1. Keystone Bank\nSeries 2. John Nash \nSeries 3. Subjects\nSeries 4. Photographs and Other Media\nSeries 5. Writings","The Keystone Bank files (Boxes 5, 9-13) consist mostly of facsimile copies, sent by fax machines, of court proceedings regarding the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County, as well as research materials and handwritten notes of court proceedings and interviews. The series also contains artist sketches of court proceedings; two baseball caps; a bomber jacket; and other memorabilia (Boxes 20-22).","The John Forbes Nash, Jr. (1928-2015) was born in Bluefield, and was the 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics for his work in the mathematics of game theory.  His biography, A Beautiful Mind (1998) by Sylvia Nasar, frankly discussed his struggle with paranoid schizophrenia and led to a major motion picture by the same name (2001). His materials (Boxes 15 and 16) consist of numerous tributes to him; correspondence between Archer and Nash and correspondence with Nash's sister, Martha Legg; correspondence with Sylvia Nasar; and promotional and press materials for the film A Beautiful Mind.  Artifacts (Boxes 25-27) for the film include a jacket, two T-shirts, and a baseball cap.","Digital materials include: identifier: 4388_digitran_4, which contains 24 jpeg photos related to Archer's work on John Nash. Identifier: 4388_disc6_b16_f14 contains the files for the DVD of the 2002 Bluefield Chamber of Commerce Dinner.","Series 1 and 2 document the specific subjects of the Keystone Bank and John Nash respectively.  Series 3 covers a wide range of subject matter relating to Mercer and McDowell Counties including community events; people in and connected to the area; and the history of local communities, including extensive coverage of the African American community and Bluefield State College among other topics. Formats for additional subjects include original newspaper clippings and copies from microfilm, handwritten interviews and story notes, correspondence, and original and facsimiles of research materials.  Archer's research materials and reporting on various topics are scattered throughout the collection (Boxes 1-3, 5-9, 14, 17-20, 22-23).","Music CD containing one track by Darnell Miller called, \"If Swinging Doors Don't Get Me, Lonesome Will\". Identifier: 4388_disc2_b1_f9","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about Bluefield, WV in the 1950s and 1960s by J. Franklin Long. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk2_b2_f10.","Includes brief biography and photo of Herbert \"Hub\" Hunter; photo Tazewell, VA; photo telephone operators; aerial photo of mine operation; photo of former Welch Lions Club members; football themed sketch of \"Stubby;\" computer CD of photos of elderly African-Americans at a birthday party (identifier: 4388_disc1_b7_f15); facsimile of 1911 NY Times about Bluefield incident and offer of an historical accounting; rescue squad recognition program, facsimile of web page about child survivor of Buchenwald and Max Kammer photo exhibit newspaper article; \"Songs of Yesterday\" booklet.","An Adobe Pro pdf file sent by William Archer as an attachment to an email.  The facsimile was probably scanned from an original. It is accompanied by an html file which is a copy of the West Virginia Division of Culture and History's webpage on Tyler Edward Hill, whom Archer believes authored the booklet. The booklet also includes a brief mention of the story that inpsired Archer's unfinished writing, \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","The collection contains a significant number of photographs, negatives, and some photos on CD and are dispersed throughout William Archer's papers.  Most of the photographs date from the 1990s and early 2000s, although some are older, of places, events, and people in Mercer and McDowell Counties. Other  formats include a motion picture film, books, videocassette recordings, sound audiocassette recordings, phonograph records, maps, and artwork.  Artifacts include jackets, t-shirts, baseball caps, and other objects.  (Boxes 1-3, 6-7, 17, 20)","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about the Gary Country Club in McDowell County. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk1_b1_f6.","The identifier for the image on CD, Vera Pocahontas Mine, No. 3, \"Day Shift\" Landgraff, WV, July 9-19, 1940, is 4388_disc3_b1_f35.","Oral history content consists of two published CDs titled \"Folks Are Talking: Oral Histories from the 1970s Gathered by Garret Mathews\". Garret Mathews was a writer for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The identifier for the oral history content is 4388_disc5_b7_f10 and the discs contain 33 tracks total.","\"Four for Bluefield\", identifier: 4388_disc22_b17_f10 is a copy of a CD in box 28 and can be accessed by requesting Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"J.E. Martin House Project\", identifier 4388_disc21_b17_f10, consists of videos of the J.E. Martin House in Bluefield, WV and work on the house.","Two jpeg images of six individuals, one of whom is William Archer, in formal attire. The files were originally found on a disc, however, the disc was unable to be found. Identifier: 4388_disc23_missing.","This series includes newspaper columns written by Bill Archer on various topics (Boxes 1-6, 8, 14, 19, 24) as well as magazine articles and liteary forms he wrote.  Additional examples of his writing are scattered throughout all the series.  Most of the newspaper articles are original clippings, but some are facsimiles. Box 4 contains an extensive collection of his opinion pieces, and Box 28 contains magazine articles written by Archer.  The articles are from Coal People Magazine, Goldenseal, Wonderful West Virginia, and a few other publications. Literary foms found throughout the collection include stories, poems, lyrics, and histories, both typed and handwritten.","Digital files of his compositions include 120 files consisting of the text of an essay reflecting on music, and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller, copied from 12 compact computer discs.","Two electronic files, one a proposal for a book titled The Under Thirty Minute Meals of Richard Lucas, a pseudonym for William Archer, and the other a section of the book \"Wok like a Man.\" The book proposal seems to have been a compilation of previously written columns. Files are in Microsoft Word format, as sent by William Archer in 2019. Identifier: 4388_digitran_2.","Two electronic Word documents emailed by William Archer.  One is a synopsis for a \"fact-based work of fiction\" titled \"Cinder Bottom.\"  The other is the start of a story titled \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\" and is about a young woman lured into prostitution by promise of a job. Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","Manuscript, edited by Archer's wife Evonda, for a story about protesting the Vietnam War and titled \"What Did You Do?\" The document, a  Adobe Acrobat Pro pdf file, was sent attached to an email.  At the end of the digital file are facsimiles of a 1967 Bluefield Daily Telegraph newspaper article in two pages about the youth protests against the war.  Another digital file is a photograph of a war protest button, \"Confront the Warmakers, Oct. 21st, Wash. D.C. Support Our Boys in Vietnam--Bring Them Home\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_1.","Compact discs include: \nStu and Bill Archer, the Archer Brothers, 21 songs; track 5 \"Cackleburr Drive\" written by Archer in 1971, all other songs assumed to be by written by others.\nBramwell 100 Year Celebration; music and narration\nCoalfield Visions, 1990; 10 songs, \"Cha[r]lton Singers featured on track 7, 'Route 52'\nTwo for Pocahontas; 2 songs: '114 Miners' \u0026 'Pocahontas Mine Song'\nGaining Momentum; 7 songs\nproject duo; 17 songs; \"Most songs were re-recordings except John Nash song\nMerry, Merry Christmas; 10 songs written by others\nFour for Bluefield; 4 songs; \"Remix of 4 Bluefield songs from Project Duo, 'Land of Misted Mountains,' 'Lemonade Song,' 'Route 52,' 'John F. Nash of Bluefield'\nSounds of the Hills, Volume 1 or 2, 9 songs; \"Music celebrating our region's history and heritage, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\nGlory in the Gospel, Volume 2 or 2, 10 songs; \"Music of praise and worship in His holy name, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\nSolid as the Bank of Kimball and the Wheelbarrow, 2 songs; \"Remix of 'Wheelbarrow Song' and 'Bank of Bramwell' to promote re-open of Bank in 2007\"\n\nAll content is retained as digital files, as well. These CDs are part of 4388 ADD 2020-02.","Identifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026 Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc10_box28. \"Gaining Momentum\", 7 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. Recorded 1992.","Identifier: 4388_disc11_box28. \"Solid as the Bank of Bramwell\", 2 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc12_box28. \"Coalfield Visions Remake 1993\", 10 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc13_box28. \"Two for Pocahontas\", 2 .wav files. Repackaged 1990 recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc14_box28. \"Coalfield Visions\", original recording, 10 .wav files. Recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc15_box28. \"The Archer Brothers\" by Stu and Bill Archer. 21 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc16_box28. \"project duo\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 17 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc17_box28. \"Merry, Merry Christmas\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"Four for Bluefield\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 4 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc19_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 1\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 9 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc20_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 2\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_add_2020-02_digtran_05. Word doc titled, \"Bill Archer Songs 1971-1995\" by Bill Archer. Autobiographical writings on his musical works, including historical background and lyrics."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems transferred to the Rare Books Librarian:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWilderness\u003c/title\u003e by Vance G. Martin\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eThe Crozers of Upland\u003c/title\u003e by David A. MacQueen -- Rare book\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eLegendary Local of McDowell County\u003c/title\u003e by William Archer\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eThe Bramwell Breeze\u003c/title\u003e 1911/1912\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Items transferred to the Rare Books Librarian:","Wilderness by Vance G. Martin","The Crozers of Upland by David A. MacQueen -- Rare book","Legendary Local of McDowell County by William Archer","The Bramwell Breeze 1911/1912"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_cf33e0a1b957c44f683ffcdbbe87924c\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015"],"persname_ssim":["Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. 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