{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=3","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=5","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=7"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":4,"next_page":5,"prev_page":3,"total_pages":7,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":30,"total_count":62,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246_c02_c03_c01_c16","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Items 18-22: Pavey, (Walter), 1683/1714","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9246_c02_c03_c01_c16#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e5 items. Papers concerning descent of title to a tract of land in Richmond County from Walter Pavey to Daniel McCarty.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9246_c02_c03_c01_c16#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246_c02_c03_c01_c16","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9246_c02_c03_c01_c16"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246_c02_c03_c01_c16","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246_c02_c03_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246_c02_c03_c01","parent_ssim":["Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861","Series 2: General Files, 1669/1861","Subseries 2.3: Other papers, 1669/1854","Folder 105: Papers, 1669/1798"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9246","viw_repositories_2_resources_9246_c02","viw_repositories_2_resources_9246_c02_c03","viw_repositories_2_resources_9246_c02_c03_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Items 18-22: Pavey, (Walter)","title_ssm":["Items 18-22: Pavey, (Walter)"],"title_tesim":["Items 18-22: Pavey, (Walter)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Items 18-22: Pavey, (Walter), 1683/1714"],"text":["Items 18-22: Pavey, (Walter), 1683/1714","Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861","Series 2: General Files, 1669/1861","Subseries 2.3: Other papers, 1669/1854","Folder 105: Papers, 1669/1798","Box 27","Folder 105","5 items. Papers concerning descent of title to a tract of land in Richmond County from Walter Pavey to Daniel McCarty."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861","Series 2: General Files, 1669/1861","Subseries 2.3: Other papers, 1669/1854","Folder 105: Papers, 1669/1798"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861","Series 2: General Files, 1669/1861","Subseries 2.3: Other papers, 1669/1854","Folder 105: Papers, 1669/1798"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1683/1714"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1683-1714"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[4],"sort_isi":2011,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861"],"containers_ssim":["Box 27","Folder 105"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e5 items. Papers concerning descent of title to a tract of land in Richmond County from Walter Pavey to Daniel McCarty.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["5 items. Papers concerning descent of title to a tract of land in Richmond County from Walter Pavey to Daniel McCarty."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#2/components#0/components#15","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:52:27.031Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9246.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Carter Family Papers","title_ssm":["Carter Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Carter Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1667-1862","1792-1861"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1667-1862"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1792-1861"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861"],"text":["Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861","Mss. 39.1 C24","/repositories/2/resources/9246","Virginia--Politics and Government--18th century","Virginia--Politics and Government--19th century","Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","Horse racing--Virginia","Legal documents","Plantation life--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--18th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--19th century","United States--Politics and Government","Correspondence","Diaries","Financial records","Receipts (financial records)","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","All papers which could be definitely identified with a person of some importance are grouped under the name of that person. These groups are arranged by alphabetical order. Persons of the same name are distinguished by dates of birth and death, or by their relationship to other persons whose dates are known.The general files (Folder 103-109) are placed after this alphabetical series (Folders 1-102). These files are separated into categories using appropriate classifications. Letters and papers belonging to estates, suits, etc., are filed with their respective groups. Likewise other letters and papers are listed either in the alphabetically arranged groups mentioned above, or in the general files.","Organization: This collection is organized into the following series and subserie:\n Series 1: People Files, Subseries are: Carter, Miss; Carter, (Miss C.); Carter (Charles) of Cleve, 1707-1764; Carter (Charles) of Shirley, 1732-1806; Carter (Elizabeth) [wife of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Elizabeth) [daughter of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ; Carter (Elizabeth L.) [sister of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861]; Carter (George) [son of Robert \"Councillor\" Carter]; Carter (George B.) estate; Carter (John Armistead) guardianship; Carter (Kate); Carter (Landon) 1710-1778 ;Carter (Landon, Jr.) [son of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Landon) 1756-1820, estate; Carter (Landon, Jr.) [half-brother of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ;Carter (Robert \"King\") 1663-1732; Carter (Robert) of Nomini, born c. 1704, died 1731; Carter (Robert \"Councillor\") of Nomini, 1728-1804; Carter (Robert Wormeley) 1734-1797 ; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861 ; Tayloe (John) estate.       \nSeries 2: General files. Subseries: Accounts, invoices, receipts; Letters; Other papers; Printed matter; Unidentified pieces and fragments; Labels, covers and envelopes","Robert \"King\" Carter (1663-1732) was a colonial official and landholder (300,000 acres). His sons were Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778) of \"Sabine Hall.\" Grandsons of Robert Carter included Robert \"Councillor\" Carter (1728-1804) of \"Nomini\" and Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1797).","Other Information:","Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00031.frame","When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents.","This current finding aid is also available in the microfilm format at the Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary. An additional index can be found at: National Inventory of Documentary Sources in the United States available from Chadwyck-Healey, Inc., 1021 Prince Street, Alexandria, Va. 22314.","The collection includes: correspondence and land records of Robert \"King\" Carter; correspondence and land records of his sons Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778); correspondence, accounts, land records and the appointment to the Virginia Council of Robert Carter (1728-1804), son of Robert Carter (1704-1731); correspondence, diaries, land records and accounts of Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1804), son of Landon Carter of Sabine Hall; and correspondence and land records and papers concerning the estate of Robert Carter's grandson, Landon Carter (1757-1820).","The bulk of the collection consists of the papers of Robert Wormeley Carter (1792-1861) including his correspondence with Robley Dunglison, John Tyler, John Tayloe Lomax, Edmund Ruffin, Robert Young Conrad and members of the Tayloe family as well as his diaries and accounts arranged by subject. [Note: in May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91) were removed and catalogued as Rare Books].","Subjects covered in the collection include plantation life, horse-racing, real property, nineteenth-century Virginia politics, enslaved persons, and tobacco. In addition, there are miscellaneous eighteenth-century land and legal documents.","Also accessible on microfilm: Carter Papers, 1667-1862, in Swem Library's microforms area, 1 reel, call number HD1471 .U5 R43 ser.L Part 1.","In May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91: Diaries of Robert W. Carter) were removed from the Carter Family Papers and catalogued as Rare Books under: AY 326.R5 W3 1836 AY 326.R5 W3 1844 AY 326.R5 W3 1846 AY 35.R5 C6 1838 AY 35.R5 C6 1859","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861"],"collection_ssim":["Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 39.1 C24","/repositories/2/resources/9246"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 39.1 C24","/repositories/2/resources/9246"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--Politics and Government--18th century","Virginia--Politics and Government--19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--Politics and Government--18th century","Virginia--Politics and Government--19th century"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--Politics and Government--18th century","Virginia--Politics and Government--19th century"],"creator_ssm":["Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862"],"creator_ssim":["Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased: 8,602 items 12/31/1935; 2 items in November 1938."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","Horse racing--Virginia","Legal documents","Plantation life--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--18th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--19th century","United States--Politics and Government","Correspondence","Diaries","Financial records","Receipts (financial records)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","Horse racing--Virginia","Legal documents","Plantation life--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--18th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--19th century","United States--Politics and Government","Correspondence","Diaries","Financial records","Receipts (financial records)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8609.00 Items 28 Century Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8609.00 Items 28 Century Boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Diaries","Financial records","Receipts (financial records)"],"date_range_isim":[1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll papers which could be definitely identified with a person of some importance are grouped under the name of that person. These groups are arranged by alphabetical order. Persons of the same name are distinguished by dates of birth and death, or by their relationship to other persons whose dates are known.The general files (Folder 103-109) are placed after this alphabetical series (Folders 1-102). These files are separated into categories using appropriate classifications. Letters and papers belonging to estates, suits, etc., are filed with their respective groups. Likewise other letters and papers are listed either in the alphabetically arranged groups mentioned above, or in the general files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Organization: This collection is organized into the following series and subserie:\n Series 1: People Files, Subseries are: Carter, Miss; Carter, (Miss C.); Carter (Charles) of Cleve, 1707-1764; Carter (Charles) of Shirley, 1732-1806; Carter (Elizabeth) [wife of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Elizabeth) [daughter of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ; Carter (Elizabeth L.) [sister of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861]; Carter (George) [son of Robert \"Councillor\" Carter]; Carter (George B.) estate; Carter (John Armistead) guardianship; Carter (Kate); Carter (Landon) 1710-1778 ;Carter (Landon, Jr.) [son of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Landon) 1756-1820, estate; Carter (Landon, Jr.) [half-brother of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ;Carter (Robert \"King\") 1663-1732; Carter (Robert) of Nomini, born c. 1704, died 1731; Carter (Robert \"Councillor\") of Nomini, 1728-1804; Carter (Robert Wormeley) 1734-1797 ; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861 ; Tayloe (John) estate.       \nSeries 2: General files. Subseries: Accounts, invoices, receipts; Letters; Other papers; Printed matter; Unidentified pieces and fragments; Labels, covers and envelopes\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["All papers which could be definitely identified with a person of some importance are grouped under the name of that person. These groups are arranged by alphabetical order. Persons of the same name are distinguished by dates of birth and death, or by their relationship to other persons whose dates are known.The general files (Folder 103-109) are placed after this alphabetical series (Folders 1-102). These files are separated into categories using appropriate classifications. Letters and papers belonging to estates, suits, etc., are filed with their respective groups. Likewise other letters and papers are listed either in the alphabetically arranged groups mentioned above, or in the general files.","Organization: This collection is organized into the following series and subserie:\n Series 1: People Files, Subseries are: Carter, Miss; Carter, (Miss C.); Carter (Charles) of Cleve, 1707-1764; Carter (Charles) of Shirley, 1732-1806; Carter (Elizabeth) [wife of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Elizabeth) [daughter of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ; Carter (Elizabeth L.) [sister of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861]; Carter (George) [son of Robert \"Councillor\" Carter]; Carter (George B.) estate; Carter (John Armistead) guardianship; Carter (Kate); Carter (Landon) 1710-1778 ;Carter (Landon, Jr.) [son of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Landon) 1756-1820, estate; Carter (Landon, Jr.) [half-brother of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ;Carter (Robert \"King\") 1663-1732; Carter (Robert) of Nomini, born c. 1704, died 1731; Carter (Robert \"Councillor\") of Nomini, 1728-1804; Carter (Robert Wormeley) 1734-1797 ; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861 ; Tayloe (John) estate.       \nSeries 2: General files. Subseries: Accounts, invoices, receipts; Letters; Other papers; Printed matter; Unidentified pieces and fragments; Labels, covers and envelopes"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert \"King\" Carter (1663-1732) was a colonial official and landholder (300,000 acres). His sons were Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778) of \"Sabine Hall.\" Grandsons of Robert Carter included Robert \"Councillor\" Carter (1728-1804) of \"Nomini\" and Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1797).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Family History:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert \"King\" Carter (1663-1732) was a colonial official and landholder (300,000 acres). His sons were Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778) of \"Sabine Hall.\" Grandsons of Robert Carter included Robert \"Councillor\" Carter (1728-1804) of \"Nomini\" and Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1797)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther Information:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00031.frame\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Other Information:","Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00031.frame"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics or Technical Requirements:"],"phystech_tesim":["When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarter Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Carter Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis current finding aid is also available in the microfilm format at the Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary. An additional index can be found at: National Inventory of Documentary Sources in the United States available from Chadwyck-Healey, Inc., 1021 Prince Street, Alexandria, Va. 22314.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["This current finding aid is also available in the microfilm format at the Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary. An additional index can be found at: National Inventory of Documentary Sources in the United States available from Chadwyck-Healey, Inc., 1021 Prince Street, Alexandria, Va. 22314."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes: correspondence and land records of Robert \"King\" Carter; correspondence and land records of his sons Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778); correspondence, accounts, land records and the appointment to the Virginia Council of Robert Carter (1728-1804), son of Robert Carter (1704-1731); correspondence, diaries, land records and accounts of Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1804), son of Landon Carter of Sabine Hall; and correspondence and land records and papers concerning the estate of Robert Carter's grandson, Landon Carter (1757-1820).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The bulk of the collection consists of the papers of Robert Wormeley Carter (1792-1861) including his correspondence with Robley Dunglison, John Tyler, John Tayloe Lomax, Edmund Ruffin, Robert Young Conrad and members of the Tayloe family as well as his diaries and accounts arranged by subject. [Note: in May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91) were removed and catalogued as Rare Books].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects covered in the collection include plantation life, horse-racing, real property, nineteenth-century Virginia politics, enslaved persons, and tobacco. In addition, there are miscellaneous eighteenth-century land and legal documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso accessible on microfilm: Carter Papers, 1667-1862, in Swem Library's microforms area, 1 reel, call number HD1471 .U5 R43 ser.L Part 1.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes: correspondence and land records of Robert \"King\" Carter; correspondence and land records of his sons Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778); correspondence, accounts, land records and the appointment to the Virginia Council of Robert Carter (1728-1804), son of Robert Carter (1704-1731); correspondence, diaries, land records and accounts of Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1804), son of Landon Carter of Sabine Hall; and correspondence and land records and papers concerning the estate of Robert Carter's grandson, Landon Carter (1757-1820).","The bulk of the collection consists of the papers of Robert Wormeley Carter (1792-1861) including his correspondence with Robley Dunglison, John Tyler, John Tayloe Lomax, Edmund Ruffin, Robert Young Conrad and members of the Tayloe family as well as his diaries and accounts arranged by subject. [Note: in May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91) were removed and catalogued as Rare Books].","Subjects covered in the collection include plantation life, horse-racing, real property, nineteenth-century Virginia politics, enslaved persons, and tobacco. In addition, there are miscellaneous eighteenth-century land and legal documents.","Also accessible on microfilm: Carter Papers, 1667-1862, in Swem Library's microforms area, 1 reel, call number HD1471 .U5 R43 ser.L Part 1."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91: Diaries of Robert W. Carter) were removed from the Carter Family Papers and catalogued as Rare Books under: AY 326.R5 W3 1836 AY 326.R5 W3 1844 AY 326.R5 W3 1846 AY 35.R5 C6 1838 AY 35.R5 C6 1859\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["In May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91: Diaries of Robert W. Carter) were removed from the Carter Family Papers and catalogued as Rare Books under: AY 326.R5 W3 1836 AY 326.R5 W3 1844 AY 326.R5 W3 1846 AY 35.R5 C6 1838 AY 35.R5 C6 1859"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2058,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:52:27.031Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9246_c02_c03_c01_c16"}},{"id":"viu_viu01046_c03_c02","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Land Grants and Plats/Surveys, 1650/1895","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01046_c03_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu01046_c03_c02","ref_ssm":["viu_viu01046_c03_c02"],"id":"viu_viu01046_c03_c02","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01046","_root_":"viu_viu01046","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01046_c03","parent_ssi":"viu_viu01046_c03","parent_ssim":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898","Legal Papers"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu01046","viu_viu01046_c03"],"title_filing_ssi":"Land Grants and Plats/Surveys","title_ssm":["Land Grants and Plats/Surveys"],"title_tesim":["Land Grants and Plats/Surveys"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Land Grants and Plats/Surveys, 1650/1895"],"text":["Land Grants and Plats/Surveys, 1650/1895","Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898","Legal Papers","Box Box 2"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898","Legal Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898","Legal Papers"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1650/1895"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1650-1895"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":13,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898"],"containers_ssim":["Box Box 2"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"date_range_isim":[1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#1","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:43:37.384Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu01046","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01046","_root_":"viu_viu01046","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01046","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu01046.xml","title_ssm":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898"],"title_tesim":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898"],"text":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898","6490","ca. 710 items","The material is grouped into the following series: I.\n         Correspondence; II. Business Papers; III. Legal Papers; IV.\n         Miscellaneous; V. Bound Volumes; and, VI. Oversize.","This collection of papers, 1650-1898, consists of ca. 710\n         items pertaining to the \n         Latane familyof \n         Essex County, Virginia. Included are\n         correspondence, business and legal papers, papers re military\n         and religious matters, school notebooks, and certificates of\n         graduation from schools at the \n         University of Virginia.","Although little seems to be known or published about the\n         Latane family, valuable information may be found in \n         Parson Latane 1672-1732by Lucy Temple Latane (Mss CS71.L347 1936); \n         Essex County, Virginia: Its Historic Homes,\n            Landmarks and Traditionsedited by Essex County Woman's Club (F232.E7E7 1940);\n         and, \n         Settlers, Southerners, Americans: The History of\n            Essex County, Virginia 1608-1984by James B. Slaughter (F232.E7S5 1985).","The early eighteenth century correspondence contains many\n         letters from \n         Henry Lataneand his wife, \n         Anne Latane, London, England, to his\n         brother, \n         Lewis Latane(1672-1732) and his third\n         wife, \n         Mary (Deane) Latane(1685-1765), South\n         Farnham Parish, Essex County. Some of the letters are written\n         in French but the majority of them are in English. During the\n         1720s, Henry frequently advised Lewis to grow another crop\n         besides tobacco, saying that Europe could not consume all that\n         comes from America. In a letter of January 13, 1730, Henry is\n         \"impatient to know what the fate of Europe whether warr or\n         Peace everything seems to tend to a Crisis ...,\" possibly\n         referring to the trade conflict between England and Spain.","After her husband's death in 1732, Mary (Deane) Latane\n         managed the property that came to her and her children, with\n         the help of her cousin, \n         William Beverley(1698-1756). There are\n         several letters, 1733-1750, from Beverley discussing the\n         settlement of her husband's estate and the sale of her\n         tobacco. In addition, there are business correspondence, bills\n         of lading, invoices, and other papers concerning the sale of\n         tobacco.","Letters of interest include correspondence of \n         Spencer Roane(1762-1822), King and Queen\n         County, and \n         William Latane(1750-1811), Essex County,\n         July 1791-August 1792, concerning the deed and survey for the\n         \"Mount Clement Trail of Land,\" and another on July 25, 1804 re\n         the suit of Braxton vs Roane; letters on April 19, 1825, June\n         13, 1826, and November 18, 1826, from \n         James Montague, \n         Harden County, Kentucky, to friends in\n         Essex County, concerning various aspects of life in Kentucky\n         such as the conflict between anti-relief and relief parties,\n         tobacco sales, and prices of corn, flour, cotton, whiskey, et\n         al.; one on June 9, 1854, from Rev. \n         Henry W. L. Temple, Wayland, to \n         James Allen Latane, University of\n         Virginia, discussing Bishop \n         William Meade's visit; and, several\n         letters, October 25, 1864, December 4, 1871, February 2 and\n         June 15, 1883, and June 13, 1885, from \n         Thomas S. Watson, Bracketts, chiefly to \n         Julia A. Holladay, \n         Botetourt County, Virginia, mentioning\n         news of family and friends, new dwellings built on Ionia, and\n         his being disqualified as a member of the legislature.","Letters pertaining to black history include one of December\n         10, 1772, from \n         Samuel Peachey, Jr., \n         Occoquan Furnace, to William Latane,\n         Essex County, asking him to send a young black at Christmas\n         because the latter wants to learn the blacksmith trade; one of\n         November 10, 1788, from \n         Bartlett Williams, New Kent, to \n         William Latane, Essex County, complaining\n         about Latane's man Ephraim corrupting his blacks, and\n         requesting that he not be permitted to visit his plantation; a\n         circular, February 27, 1794, referring to the transportation\n         of slaves from Africa to the West-India islands; one of\n         February 28, 1809, from S. Chenault, Nelson County, Kentucky,\n         re the \"elopement\" of Franklin and his recovery by a Captain\n         Lafon who kept him in his possession for awhile;\n         correspondence between \n         Henry Waring Latane(1782-1860), Essex\n         County, and his brother-in-law, \n         John Temple( -1812), Parkersburg, re the\n         death of Temple's father and the division of his slaves at\n         \"Goldberry,\" December 10, 1811 and January 8, 1812; and, one\n         of June 13, 1885, from \n         Thomas S. Watson, Bracketts, to \n         Julia A. Holladay, Botetourt County,\n         mentioning the poisoning of some children by a black\n         woman.","The business papers are comprised of accounts and\n         administrative and estate papers as well as general\n         correspondence and papers. The accounts are chiefly for\n         members of the Latane and Waring families, and, to a lesser\n         extent, for members of the \n         Allen familyand \n         Temple family. The administrative and\n         estate papers concern the estates of \n         William Peachey( -1700), \n         Lewis Latane(1672-1732), \n         Robert Payne Waring(-1799?), \n         William Latane(1750-1811), \n         John Temple( -1812), \n         Lewis Dix( -1815?), \n         James Allen( -1820?), \n         Ann Latane( -1820?), and \n         Henry Waring Latane(1782-1860). Also,\n         there are business papers pertaining to black history; and, a\n         separate itemized listing has been compiled.","The legal papers contain many indentures, land grants and\n         plats/surveys for lands in \n         Essex County, \n         King and Queen County, and \n         Rappahannock County. These papers are\n         helpful in determining ownership of lands held by the Latane\n         Family, \n         Roane Family, \n         Allen Family, and \n         Dix Family. In addition, there are copies\n         of wills for members of the Latane, Roane, Allen, and Dix\n         families. The wills also contain references to the division of\n         blacks among the families.","There are also genealogical, military, and religious\n         material. The military papers, 1814-1828, pertain chiefly to\n         James Allen's career as captain in the Virginia militia and\n         include abstracts of forage, regimental orders, receipt for\n         arms, detailed returns of arms accoutrements, and rosters of\n         officers and other personnel. Among the miscellaneous papers\n         is a small group of material concerning religious matters,\n         particularly having to do with \n         South Farnham Parishin Essex County.\n         Included are a letter, December 17, 1716, from \n         Alexander Spotswoodto the vestry of the\n         parish re their decision to suspend \n         Lewis Latanefrom his ministerial office;\n         a hymn book belonging to \n         John Latane; and, two letters about the\n         weakening of the Church in Virginia.","University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","University of Virginia","South Farnham Parish","Jefferson Society","University of\n                  Virginia","Latane family","Allen family","Temple family","Roane Family","Allen Family","Dix Family","Henry Latane","Anne Latane","Lewis Latane","Mary (Deane) Latane","William Beverley","Spencer Roane","William Latane","James Montague","Henry W. L. Temple","James Allen Latane","William Meade","Thomas S. Watson","Julia A. Holladay","Samuel Peachey, Jr.","Bartlett Williams","Henry Waring Latane","John Temple","William Peachey","Robert Payne Waring","Lewis Dix","James Allen","Ann Latane","Alexander Spotswood","John Latane","George Magruder","William Roane","Mary Latane","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898"],"collection_ssim":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["6490"],"unitid_tesim":["6490"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Lucy Temple Latane and James A.\n         Latane, Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Lucy Temple Latane and James A.\n         Latane, Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Henry Latane","Anne Latane","Lewis Latane","Mary (Deane) Latane","William Beverley","Spencer Roane","William Latane","James Montague","Henry W. L. Temple","James Allen Latane","William Meade","Thomas S. Watson","Julia A. Holladay","Samuel Peachey, Jr.","Bartlett Williams","Henry Waring Latane","John Temple","William Peachey","Robert Payne Waring","Lewis Dix","James Allen","Ann Latane","Alexander Spotswood","John Latane","George Magruder","William Roane","Mary Latane"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","University of Virginia","South Farnham Parish","Jefferson Society","University of\n                  Virginia"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Latane family","Allen family","Temple family","Roane Family","Allen Family","Dix Family"],"creators_ssim":["Henry Latane","Anne Latane","Lewis Latane","Mary (Deane) Latane","William Beverley","Spencer Roane","William Latane","James Montague","Henry W. L. Temple","James Allen Latane","William Meade","Thomas S. Watson","Julia A. Holladay","Samuel Peachey, Jr.","Bartlett Williams","Henry Waring Latane","John Temple","William Peachey","Robert Payne Waring","Lewis Dix","James Allen","Ann Latane","Alexander Spotswood","John Latane","George Magruder","William Roane","Mary Latane","University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","University of Virginia","South Farnham Parish","Jefferson Society","University of\n                  Virginia","Latane family","Allen family","Temple family","Roane Family","Allen Family","Dix Family"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was originally loaned to the University\n            of Virginia Library by Lucy Temple Latane but was later\n            given to the Library by James A. Latane, Jr. on December 7,\n            1988."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["ca. 710 items"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe material is grouped into the following series: I.\n         Correspondence; II. Business Papers; III. Legal Papers; IV.\n         Miscellaneous; V. Bound Volumes; and, VI. Oversize.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The material is grouped into the following series: I.\n         Correspondence; II. Business Papers; III. Legal Papers; IV.\n         Miscellaneous; V. Bound Volumes; and, VI. Oversize."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection of papers, 1650-1898, consists of ca. 710\n         items pertaining to the \n         \u003cfamname\u003eLatane family\u003c/famname\u003eof \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eEssex County, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e. Included are\n         correspondence, business and legal papers, papers re military\n         and religious matters, school notebooks, and certificates of\n         graduation from schools at the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Virginia\u003c/corpname\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eAlthough little seems to be known or published about the\n         Latane family, valuable information may be found in \n         \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eParson Latane 1672-1732\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003eby Lucy Temple Latane (Mss CS71.L347 1936); \n         \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eEssex County, Virginia: Its Historic Homes,\n            Landmarks and Traditions\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003eedited by Essex County Woman's Club (F232.E7E7 1940);\n         and, \n         \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eSettlers, Southerners, Americans: The History of\n            Essex County, Virginia 1608-1984\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003eby James B. Slaughter (F232.E7S5 1985).\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe early eighteenth century correspondence contains many\n         letters from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eHenry Latane\u003c/persname\u003eand his wife, \n         \u003cpersname\u003eAnne Latane\u003c/persname\u003e, London, England, to his\n         brother, \n         \u003cpersname\u003eLewis Latane\u003c/persname\u003e(1672-1732) and his third\n         wife, \n         \u003cpersname\u003eMary (Deane) Latane\u003c/persname\u003e(1685-1765), South\n         Farnham Parish, Essex County. Some of the letters are written\n         in French but the majority of them are in English. During the\n         1720s, Henry frequently advised Lewis to grow another crop\n         besides tobacco, saying that Europe could not consume all that\n         comes from America. In a letter of January 13, 1730, Henry is\n         \"impatient to know what the fate of Europe whether warr or\n         Peace everything seems to tend to a Crisis ...,\" possibly\n         referring to the trade conflict between England and Spain.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eAfter her husband's death in 1732, Mary (Deane) Latane\n         managed the property that came to her and her children, with\n         the help of her cousin, \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWilliam Beverley\u003c/persname\u003e(1698-1756). There are\n         several letters, 1733-1750, from Beverley discussing the\n         settlement of her husband's estate and the sale of her\n         tobacco. In addition, there are business correspondence, bills\n         of lading, invoices, and other papers concerning the sale of\n         tobacco.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLetters of interest include correspondence of \n         \u003cpersname\u003eSpencer Roane\u003c/persname\u003e(1762-1822), King and Queen\n         County, and \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWilliam Latane\u003c/persname\u003e(1750-1811), Essex County,\n         July 1791-August 1792, concerning the deed and survey for the\n         \"Mount Clement Trail of Land,\" and another on July 25, 1804 re\n         the suit of Braxton vs Roane; letters on April 19, 1825, June\n         13, 1826, and November 18, 1826, from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJames Montague\u003c/persname\u003e, \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eHarden County, Kentucky\u003c/geogname\u003e, to friends in\n         Essex County, concerning various aspects of life in Kentucky\n         such as the conflict between anti-relief and relief parties,\n         tobacco sales, and prices of corn, flour, cotton, whiskey, et\n         al.; one on June 9, 1854, from Rev. \n         \u003cpersname\u003eHenry W. L. Temple\u003c/persname\u003e, Wayland, to \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJames Allen Latane\u003c/persname\u003e, University of\n         Virginia, discussing Bishop \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWilliam Meade\u003c/persname\u003e's visit; and, several\n         letters, October 25, 1864, December 4, 1871, February 2 and\n         June 15, 1883, and June 13, 1885, from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eThomas S. Watson\u003c/persname\u003e, Bracketts, chiefly to \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJulia A. Holladay\u003c/persname\u003e, \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eBotetourt County, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e, mentioning\n         news of family and friends, new dwellings built on Ionia, and\n         his being disqualified as a member of the legislature.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLetters pertaining to black history include one of December\n         10, 1772, from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eSamuel Peachey, Jr.\u003c/persname\u003e, \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eOccoquan Furnace\u003c/geogname\u003e, to William Latane,\n         Essex County, asking him to send a young black at Christmas\n         because the latter wants to learn the blacksmith trade; one of\n         November 10, 1788, from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eBartlett Williams\u003c/persname\u003e, New Kent, to \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWilliam Latane\u003c/persname\u003e, Essex County, complaining\n         about Latane's man Ephraim corrupting his blacks, and\n         requesting that he not be permitted to visit his plantation; a\n         circular, February 27, 1794, referring to the transportation\n         of slaves from Africa to the West-India islands; one of\n         February 28, 1809, from S. Chenault, Nelson County, Kentucky,\n         re the \"elopement\" of Franklin and his recovery by a Captain\n         Lafon who kept him in his possession for awhile;\n         correspondence between \n         \u003cpersname\u003eHenry Waring Latane\u003c/persname\u003e(1782-1860), Essex\n         County, and his brother-in-law, \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJohn Temple\u003c/persname\u003e( -1812), Parkersburg, re the\n         death of Temple's father and the division of his slaves at\n         \"Goldberry,\" December 10, 1811 and January 8, 1812; and, one\n         of June 13, 1885, from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eThomas S. Watson\u003c/persname\u003e, Bracketts, to \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJulia A. Holladay\u003c/persname\u003e, Botetourt County,\n         mentioning the poisoning of some children by a black\n         woman.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe business papers are comprised of accounts and\n         administrative and estate papers as well as general\n         correspondence and papers. The accounts are chiefly for\n         members of the Latane and Waring families, and, to a lesser\n         extent, for members of the \n         \u003cfamname\u003eAllen family\u003c/famname\u003eand \n         \u003cfamname\u003eTemple family\u003c/famname\u003e. The administrative and\n         estate papers concern the estates of \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWilliam Peachey\u003c/persname\u003e( -1700), \n         \u003cpersname\u003eLewis Latane\u003c/persname\u003e(1672-1732), \n         \u003cpersname\u003eRobert Payne Waring\u003c/persname\u003e(-1799?), \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWilliam Latane\u003c/persname\u003e(1750-1811), \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJohn Temple\u003c/persname\u003e( -1812), \n         \u003cpersname\u003eLewis Dix\u003c/persname\u003e( -1815?), \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJames Allen\u003c/persname\u003e( -1820?), \n         \u003cpersname\u003eAnn Latane\u003c/persname\u003e( -1820?), and \n         \u003cpersname\u003eHenry Waring Latane\u003c/persname\u003e(1782-1860). Also,\n         there are business papers pertaining to black history; and, a\n         separate itemized listing has been compiled.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe legal papers contain many indentures, land grants and\n         plats/surveys for lands in \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eEssex County\u003c/geogname\u003e, \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eKing and Queen County\u003c/geogname\u003e, and \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eRappahannock County\u003c/geogname\u003e. These papers are\n         helpful in determining ownership of lands held by the Latane\n         Family, \n         \u003cfamname\u003eRoane Family\u003c/famname\u003e, \n         \u003cfamname\u003eAllen Family\u003c/famname\u003e, and \n         \u003cfamname\u003eDix Family\u003c/famname\u003e. In addition, there are copies\n         of wills for members of the Latane, Roane, Allen, and Dix\n         families. The wills also contain references to the division of\n         blacks among the families.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThere are also genealogical, military, and religious\n         material. The military papers, 1814-1828, pertain chiefly to\n         James Allen's career as captain in the Virginia militia and\n         include abstracts of forage, regimental orders, receipt for\n         arms, detailed returns of arms accoutrements, and rosters of\n         officers and other personnel. Among the miscellaneous papers\n         is a small group of material concerning religious matters,\n         particularly having to do with \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eSouth Farnham Parish\u003c/corpname\u003ein Essex County.\n         Included are a letter, December 17, 1716, from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eAlexander Spotswood\u003c/persname\u003eto the vestry of the\n         parish re their decision to suspend \n         \u003cpersname\u003eLewis Latane\u003c/persname\u003efrom his ministerial office;\n         a hymn book belonging to \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJohn Latane\u003c/persname\u003e; and, two letters about the\n         weakening of the Church in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection of papers, 1650-1898, consists of ca. 710\n         items pertaining to the \n         Latane familyof \n         Essex County, Virginia. Included are\n         correspondence, business and legal papers, papers re military\n         and religious matters, school notebooks, and certificates of\n         graduation from schools at the \n         University of Virginia.","Although little seems to be known or published about the\n         Latane family, valuable information may be found in \n         Parson Latane 1672-1732by Lucy Temple Latane (Mss CS71.L347 1936); \n         Essex County, Virginia: Its Historic Homes,\n            Landmarks and Traditionsedited by Essex County Woman's Club (F232.E7E7 1940);\n         and, \n         Settlers, Southerners, Americans: The History of\n            Essex County, Virginia 1608-1984by James B. Slaughter (F232.E7S5 1985).","The early eighteenth century correspondence contains many\n         letters from \n         Henry Lataneand his wife, \n         Anne Latane, London, England, to his\n         brother, \n         Lewis Latane(1672-1732) and his third\n         wife, \n         Mary (Deane) Latane(1685-1765), South\n         Farnham Parish, Essex County. Some of the letters are written\n         in French but the majority of them are in English. During the\n         1720s, Henry frequently advised Lewis to grow another crop\n         besides tobacco, saying that Europe could not consume all that\n         comes from America. In a letter of January 13, 1730, Henry is\n         \"impatient to know what the fate of Europe whether warr or\n         Peace everything seems to tend to a Crisis ...,\" possibly\n         referring to the trade conflict between England and Spain.","After her husband's death in 1732, Mary (Deane) Latane\n         managed the property that came to her and her children, with\n         the help of her cousin, \n         William Beverley(1698-1756). There are\n         several letters, 1733-1750, from Beverley discussing the\n         settlement of her husband's estate and the sale of her\n         tobacco. In addition, there are business correspondence, bills\n         of lading, invoices, and other papers concerning the sale of\n         tobacco.","Letters of interest include correspondence of \n         Spencer Roane(1762-1822), King and Queen\n         County, and \n         William Latane(1750-1811), Essex County,\n         July 1791-August 1792, concerning the deed and survey for the\n         \"Mount Clement Trail of Land,\" and another on July 25, 1804 re\n         the suit of Braxton vs Roane; letters on April 19, 1825, June\n         13, 1826, and November 18, 1826, from \n         James Montague, \n         Harden County, Kentucky, to friends in\n         Essex County, concerning various aspects of life in Kentucky\n         such as the conflict between anti-relief and relief parties,\n         tobacco sales, and prices of corn, flour, cotton, whiskey, et\n         al.; one on June 9, 1854, from Rev. \n         Henry W. L. Temple, Wayland, to \n         James Allen Latane, University of\n         Virginia, discussing Bishop \n         William Meade's visit; and, several\n         letters, October 25, 1864, December 4, 1871, February 2 and\n         June 15, 1883, and June 13, 1885, from \n         Thomas S. Watson, Bracketts, chiefly to \n         Julia A. Holladay, \n         Botetourt County, Virginia, mentioning\n         news of family and friends, new dwellings built on Ionia, and\n         his being disqualified as a member of the legislature.","Letters pertaining to black history include one of December\n         10, 1772, from \n         Samuel Peachey, Jr., \n         Occoquan Furnace, to William Latane,\n         Essex County, asking him to send a young black at Christmas\n         because the latter wants to learn the blacksmith trade; one of\n         November 10, 1788, from \n         Bartlett Williams, New Kent, to \n         William Latane, Essex County, complaining\n         about Latane's man Ephraim corrupting his blacks, and\n         requesting that he not be permitted to visit his plantation; a\n         circular, February 27, 1794, referring to the transportation\n         of slaves from Africa to the West-India islands; one of\n         February 28, 1809, from S. Chenault, Nelson County, Kentucky,\n         re the \"elopement\" of Franklin and his recovery by a Captain\n         Lafon who kept him in his possession for awhile;\n         correspondence between \n         Henry Waring Latane(1782-1860), Essex\n         County, and his brother-in-law, \n         John Temple( -1812), Parkersburg, re the\n         death of Temple's father and the division of his slaves at\n         \"Goldberry,\" December 10, 1811 and January 8, 1812; and, one\n         of June 13, 1885, from \n         Thomas S. Watson, Bracketts, to \n         Julia A. Holladay, Botetourt County,\n         mentioning the poisoning of some children by a black\n         woman.","The business papers are comprised of accounts and\n         administrative and estate papers as well as general\n         correspondence and papers. The accounts are chiefly for\n         members of the Latane and Waring families, and, to a lesser\n         extent, for members of the \n         Allen familyand \n         Temple family. The administrative and\n         estate papers concern the estates of \n         William Peachey( -1700), \n         Lewis Latane(1672-1732), \n         Robert Payne Waring(-1799?), \n         William Latane(1750-1811), \n         John Temple( -1812), \n         Lewis Dix( -1815?), \n         James Allen( -1820?), \n         Ann Latane( -1820?), and \n         Henry Waring Latane(1782-1860). Also,\n         there are business papers pertaining to black history; and, a\n         separate itemized listing has been compiled.","The legal papers contain many indentures, land grants and\n         plats/surveys for lands in \n         Essex County, \n         King and Queen County, and \n         Rappahannock County. These papers are\n         helpful in determining ownership of lands held by the Latane\n         Family, \n         Roane Family, \n         Allen Family, and \n         Dix Family. In addition, there are copies\n         of wills for members of the Latane, Roane, Allen, and Dix\n         families. The wills also contain references to the division of\n         blacks among the families.","There are also genealogical, military, and religious\n         material. The military papers, 1814-1828, pertain chiefly to\n         James Allen's career as captain in the Virginia militia and\n         include abstracts of forage, regimental orders, receipt for\n         arms, detailed returns of arms accoutrements, and rosters of\n         officers and other personnel. Among the miscellaneous papers\n         is a small group of material concerning religious matters,\n         particularly having to do with \n         South Farnham Parishin Essex County.\n         Included are a letter, December 17, 1716, from \n         Alexander Spotswoodto the vestry of the\n         parish re their decision to suspend \n         Lewis Latanefrom his ministerial office;\n         a hymn book belonging to \n         John Latane; and, two letters about the\n         weakening of the Church in Virginia."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"corpname_ssim":["University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","University of Virginia","South Farnham Parish","Jefferson Society","University of\n                  Virginia"],"famname_ssim":["Latane family","Allen family","Temple family","Roane Family","Allen Family","Dix Family"],"persname_ssim":["Henry Latane","Anne Latane","Lewis Latane","Mary (Deane) Latane","William Beverley","Spencer Roane","William Latane","James Montague","Henry W. L. Temple","James Allen Latane","William Meade","Thomas S. Watson","Julia A. Holladay","Samuel Peachey, Jr.","Bartlett Williams","Henry Waring Latane","John Temple","William Peachey","Robert Payne Waring","Lewis Dix","James Allen","Ann Latane","Alexander Spotswood","John Latane","George Magruder","William Roane","Mary Latane"],"names_ssim":["University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","University of Virginia","South Farnham Parish","Jefferson Society","University of\n                  Virginia","Latane family","Allen family","Temple family","Roane Family","Allen Family","Dix Family","Henry Latane","Anne Latane","Lewis Latane","Mary (Deane) Latane","William Beverley","Spencer Roane","William Latane","James Montague","Henry W. L. Temple","James Allen Latane","William Meade","Thomas S. Watson","Julia A. Holladay","Samuel Peachey, Jr.","Bartlett Williams","Henry Waring Latane","John Temple","William Peachey","Robert Payne Waring","Lewis Dix","James Allen","Ann Latane","Alexander Spotswood","John Latane","George Magruder","William Roane","Mary Latane"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":32,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:43:37.384Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01046_c03_c02"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c07_c01_c04","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Land grants to Mason (V.S.L. general index), 1623/1774","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c07_c01_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c07_c01_c04","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c07_c01_c04"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c07_c01_c04","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c07_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c07_c01","parent_ssim":["Lee Nicholson Papers, 1827/1938","Box 7: Folders 39-40","Mason Family"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8770","viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c07","viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c07_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Land grants to Mason (V.S.L. general index)","title_ssm":["Land grants to Mason (V.S.L. general index)"],"title_tesim":["Land grants to Mason (V.S.L. general index)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Land grants to Mason (V.S.L. general index), 1623/1774"],"text":["Land grants to Mason (V.S.L. general index), 1623/1774","Lee Nicholson Papers, 1827/1938","Box 7: Folders 39-40","Mason Family","Box 7","Folder 39 \u0026 39A"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Lee Nicholson Papers, 1827/1938","Box 7: Folders 39-40","Mason Family"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Lee Nicholson Papers, 1827/1938","Box 7: Folders 39-40","Mason Family"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1623/1774"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1623-1774"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":221,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Lee Nicholson Papers, 1827/1938"],"containers_ssim":["Box 7","Folder 39 \u0026 39A"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774],"_nest_path_":"/components#6/components#0/components#3","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:51:56.871Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8770.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Nicholson, Lee, Papers","title_ssm":["Lee Nicholson Papers"],"title_tesim":["Lee Nicholson Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1827-1938"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1827-1938"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1827/1938"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lee Nicholson Papers, 1827/1938"],"text":["Lee Nicholson Papers, 1827/1938","Mss. 65 N59","/repositories/2/resources/8770","Virginia--History","Genealogy","Sussex County (Va.)--History","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","Notebooks","1294 items","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Papers, 1837-1938, of Lee Nicholson, a genealogist of Sussex County, Va. Includes correspondence, notes and charts concerning many Virginia families. Among them are the Batte family, Bolling family, Branch family, Briggs family, Chappell family, Heath family, Jones family, Land family, Mallory family, Mason family, Morton family, Neblett family, Nicholson family, Peebles family, Pegram family and Rives family.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lee Nicholson Papers, 1827/1938"],"collection_ssim":["Lee Nicholson Papers, 1827/1938"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 65 N59","/repositories/2/resources/8770"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 65 N59","/repositories/2/resources/8770"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--History"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--History"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--History"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Genealogy","Sussex County (Va.)--History","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","Notebooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Genealogy","Sussex County (Va.)--History","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","Notebooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1294 items"],"extent_ssm":["7.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["7.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","Notebooks"],"date_range_isim":[1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLee Nicholson Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Lee Nicholson Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers, 1837-1938, of Lee Nicholson, a genealogist of Sussex County, Va. Includes correspondence, notes and charts concerning many Virginia families. Among them are the Batte family, Bolling family, Branch family, Briggs family, Chappell family, Heath family, Jones family, Land family, Mallory family, Mason family, Morton family, Neblett family, Nicholson family, Peebles family, Pegram family and Rives family.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers, 1837-1938, of Lee Nicholson, a genealogist of Sussex County, Va. Includes correspondence, notes and charts concerning many Virginia families. Among them are the Batte family, Bolling family, Branch family, Briggs family, Chappell family, Heath family, Jones family, Land family, Mallory family, Mason family, Morton family, Neblett family, Nicholson family, Peebles family, Pegram family and Rives family."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":486,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:51:56.871Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c07_c01_c04"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1403_c08_c05_c02_c07","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Lark Coin Collection: Group G, 1542/1820","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1403_c08_c05_c02_c07#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e4 -S panish milled coins from the New World. Included are samples from Mexcio, Guatemala, and Peru. The 1739 8 Reales coin is a cast of a \"Pillar\" type coin, so named for the two pillars on the obverse, not a period orignial. Two slides are also included with the cast. Another coin in this collection is the 1861 8 Reales coin. This original coin was minted in Guatemala and bares a portrait of Ferdinand VII on the obverse with the words DEI GRATIA (By the Grace of God). The reverse shows the two Pillars of Hercules surrounding the Spanish Crown and Coat of Arms, as well as the words HISPANIA ET IND REX (Ruler of Spain and the Indies). The coin is in good condition. One of the oldest coins in this collection is a 4 Reales coin, which was minted in Mexico City and dates to the Rule of Charles I of Spain. Charles united the kingdoms of Castille and Aragon into the Spanish empire, which was built on the wealth of the New World. The obverse features the Pillars of Hercules surrounding the number 4, which reveals the coin's denomination. The reverse features the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Castille and Leon; but not the coat of unified Spain which also features the heraldic symbols of Aragon and Navarre. This is typical of coins minted during this period, as Charles' mother, Joanna, was the Queen regent. It is in worn condition. The final coin in this group is an 8 reales coin, which is most likely a forgery. This 8 Reales coin appears to date from the reign of Philip II, but the reverse of the coin may reveal a different origin. The reverse features a representation of the Arms of Castile and Leon, but unlike the actual coat of arms featured on real Spanish coinage of the period, the lion and castle featured on the arms are reversed. Rather than having the lion in the lower left and upper right corners, they are in the lower right and upper left. The coin is marked with a visible P, indicating an origin in Lima, Peru or Potosi, Brazil. This inconsistency is not found on any other coins of this period minted in Peru or Potosi during this period. Gift of the Estate of Charles Lark Jr. Images are available at https://www.flickr.com/photos/scrc/5446172484/. Located in T\u0026amp;E S6 SS2, Box 1. Mss 1984.042.G1-G4\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1403_c08_c05_c02_c07#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1403_c08_c05_c02_c07","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_1403_c08_c05_c02_c07"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1403_c08_c05_c02_c07","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1403","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1403","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1403_c08_c05_c02","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1403_c08_c05_c02","parent_ssim":["Manuscripts Artifact Collection, 1800/2010","Communication Artifacts","Exchange Media","Lark Coin Collection"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_1403","viw_repositories_2_resources_1403_c08","viw_repositories_2_resources_1403_c08_c05","viw_repositories_2_resources_1403_c08_c05_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Lark Coin Collection: Group G","title_ssm":["Lark Coin Collection: Group G"],"title_tesim":["Lark Coin Collection: Group G"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lark Coin Collection: Group G, 1542/1820"],"text":["Lark Coin Collection: Group G, 1542/1820","Manuscripts Artifact Collection, 1800/2010","Communication Artifacts","Exchange Media","Lark Coin Collection","4 -S panish milled coins from the New World. Included are samples from Mexcio, Guatemala, and Peru. The 1739 8 Reales coin is a cast of a \"Pillar\" type coin, so named for the two pillars on the obverse, not a period orignial. Two slides are also included with the cast. Another coin in this collection is the 1861 8 Reales coin. This original coin was minted in Guatemala and bares a portrait of Ferdinand VII on the obverse with the words DEI GRATIA (By the Grace of God). The reverse shows the two Pillars of Hercules surrounding the Spanish Crown and Coat of Arms, as well as the words HISPANIA ET IND REX (Ruler of Spain and the Indies). The coin is in good condition. One of the oldest coins in this collection is a 4 Reales coin, which was minted in Mexico City and dates to the Rule of Charles I of Spain. Charles united the kingdoms of Castille and Aragon into the Spanish empire, which was built on the wealth of the New World. The obverse features the Pillars of Hercules surrounding the number 4, which reveals the coin's denomination. The reverse features the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Castille and Leon; but not the coat of unified Spain which also features the heraldic symbols of Aragon and Navarre. This is typical of coins minted during this period, as Charles' mother, Joanna, was the Queen regent. It is in worn condition. The final coin in this group is an 8 reales coin, which is most likely a forgery. This 8 Reales coin appears to date from the reign of Philip II, but the reverse of the coin may reveal a different origin. The reverse features a representation of the Arms of Castile and Leon, but unlike the actual coat of arms featured on real Spanish coinage of the period, the lion and castle featured on the arms are reversed. Rather than having the lion in the lower left and upper right corners, they are in the lower right and upper left. The coin is marked with a visible P, indicating an origin in Lima, Peru or Potosi, Brazil. This inconsistency is not found on any other coins of this period minted in Peru or Potosi during this period. Gift of the Estate of Charles Lark Jr. Images are available at https://www.flickr.com/photos/scrc/5446172484/. Located in T\u0026E S6 SS2, Box 1. Mss 1984.042.G1-G4"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Manuscripts Artifact Collection, 1800/2010","Communication Artifacts","Exchange Media","Lark Coin Collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Manuscripts Artifact Collection, 1800/2010","Communication Artifacts","Exchange Media","Lark Coin Collection"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1542/1820"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1542-1820"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[4],"sort_isi":585,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Manuscripts Artifact Collection, 1800/2010"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e4 -S panish milled coins from the New World. Included are samples from Mexcio, Guatemala, and Peru. The 1739 8 Reales coin is a cast of a \"Pillar\" type coin, so named for the two pillars on the obverse, not a period orignial. Two slides are also included with the cast. Another coin in this collection is the 1861 8 Reales coin. This original coin was minted in Guatemala and bares a portrait of Ferdinand VII on the obverse with the words DEI GRATIA (By the Grace of God). The reverse shows the two Pillars of Hercules surrounding the Spanish Crown and Coat of Arms, as well as the words HISPANIA ET IND REX (Ruler of Spain and the Indies). The coin is in good condition. One of the oldest coins in this collection is a 4 Reales coin, which was minted in Mexico City and dates to the Rule of Charles I of Spain. Charles united the kingdoms of Castille and Aragon into the Spanish empire, which was built on the wealth of the New World. The obverse features the Pillars of Hercules surrounding the number 4, which reveals the coin's denomination. The reverse features the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Castille and Leon; but not the coat of unified Spain which also features the heraldic symbols of Aragon and Navarre. This is typical of coins minted during this period, as Charles' mother, Joanna, was the Queen regent. It is in worn condition. The final coin in this group is an 8 reales coin, which is most likely a forgery. This 8 Reales coin appears to date from the reign of Philip II, but the reverse of the coin may reveal a different origin. The reverse features a representation of the Arms of Castile and Leon, but unlike the actual coat of arms featured on real Spanish coinage of the period, the lion and castle featured on the arms are reversed. Rather than having the lion in the lower left and upper right corners, they are in the lower right and upper left. The coin is marked with a visible P, indicating an origin in Lima, Peru or Potosi, Brazil. This inconsistency is not found on any other coins of this period minted in Peru or Potosi during this period. Gift of the Estate of Charles Lark Jr. Images are available at https://www.flickr.com/photos/scrc/5446172484/. Located in T\u0026amp;E S6 SS2, Box 1. Mss 1984.042.G1-G4\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["4 -S panish milled coins from the New World. Included are samples from Mexcio, Guatemala, and Peru. The 1739 8 Reales coin is a cast of a \"Pillar\" type coin, so named for the two pillars on the obverse, not a period orignial. Two slides are also included with the cast. Another coin in this collection is the 1861 8 Reales coin. This original coin was minted in Guatemala and bares a portrait of Ferdinand VII on the obverse with the words DEI GRATIA (By the Grace of God). The reverse shows the two Pillars of Hercules surrounding the Spanish Crown and Coat of Arms, as well as the words HISPANIA ET IND REX (Ruler of Spain and the Indies). The coin is in good condition. One of the oldest coins in this collection is a 4 Reales coin, which was minted in Mexico City and dates to the Rule of Charles I of Spain. Charles united the kingdoms of Castille and Aragon into the Spanish empire, which was built on the wealth of the New World. The obverse features the Pillars of Hercules surrounding the number 4, which reveals the coin's denomination. The reverse features the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Castille and Leon; but not the coat of unified Spain which also features the heraldic symbols of Aragon and Navarre. This is typical of coins minted during this period, as Charles' mother, Joanna, was the Queen regent. It is in worn condition. The final coin in this group is an 8 reales coin, which is most likely a forgery. This 8 Reales coin appears to date from the reign of Philip II, but the reverse of the coin may reveal a different origin. The reverse features a representation of the Arms of Castile and Leon, but unlike the actual coat of arms featured on real Spanish coinage of the period, the lion and castle featured on the arms are reversed. Rather than having the lion in the lower left and upper right corners, they are in the lower right and upper left. The coin is marked with a visible P, indicating an origin in Lima, Peru or Potosi, Brazil. This inconsistency is not found on any other coins of this period minted in Peru or Potosi during this period. Gift of the Estate of Charles Lark Jr. Images are available at https://www.flickr.com/photos/scrc/5446172484/. Located in T\u0026E S6 SS2, Box 1. Mss 1984.042.G1-G4"],"_nest_path_":"/components#7/components#4/components#1/components#6","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:48:09.289Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1403","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1403","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1403","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1403","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1403.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Manuscripts  Artifact  Collection","title_ssm":["Manuscripts Artifact Collection"],"title_tesim":["Manuscripts Artifact Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1800-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1800-2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1800/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Manuscripts Artifact Collection, 1800/2010"],"text":["Manuscripts Artifact Collection, 1800/2010","01/Mss. 1.03","/repositories/2/resources/1403","Political campaigns--Virginia","Buttons (information artifacts)","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Future accruals are expected.","Artifacts are organized according to Nomenclature 3.0 for Museum Cataloging : Third Edition of Robert G. Chenhall's System for Classifying Man-Made Objects, which is published by AltaMira Press in cooperation with the American Association for State and Local History. Nomenclature 3.0 classifies artifacts based on their purpose or function.","Categories include: Built Environment Artifacts, Furnishings, Personal Artifacts, Tools and Equipment For Materials, Tools and Equipment for Science and Technology, Tools and Equipment For Communications, Distribution and Transportation Artifacts, Communication Artifacts, Recreational Artifacts, and Unclassifiable Artifacts.","This collection is currently being evaluated, described, and rehoused by staff.","Many of the artifacts inventoried in this collection came to the Special Collections Research Center as part of a collection of personal papers or organizational records. Those relationships are documented when known.","The Manuscripts Artifact Collection includes artifacts from a variety of personal papers and organizational records collections, as well as items acquired individually.","Images of a growing number of artifacts are available through the SCRC's Flickr account at","Thomas Millington's watercolor painting of the Palace Green was originally transferred from the John Millington Papers (Mss. 65 M59, Box 7, Folder 11b) to the Manuscripts Artifact Collection (Mss. 1.03), before being transferred to the Thomas Millington Collection (MS 00306) on July 29, 2019.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Manuscripts Artifact Collection, 1800/2010"],"collection_ssim":["Manuscripts Artifact Collection, 1800/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01/Mss. 1.03","/repositories/2/resources/1403"],"unitid_tesim":["01/Mss. 1.03","/repositories/2/resources/1403"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquisition information can often be found in the records of the original collections, personal papers, or organizational records from which the artifact was transferred. Acquisition information for material received after 7/13/2009 is available by consulting a Special Collections Research Center staff member."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Political campaigns--Virginia","Buttons (information artifacts)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Political campaigns--Virginia","Buttons (information artifacts)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["25 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["25 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Buttons (information artifacts)"],"date_range_isim":[1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFuture accruals are expected.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals:"],"accruals_tesim":["Future accruals are expected."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArtifacts are organized according to \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNomenclature 3.0 for Museum Cataloging\u003c/emph\u003e \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e: Third Edition of Robert G. Chenhall's System for Classifying Man-Made Objects\u003c/emph\u003e, which is published by AltaMira Press in cooperation with the American Association for State and Local History. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNomenclature\u003c/emph\u003e 3.0 classifies artifacts based on their purpose or function.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Categories include: Built Environment Artifacts, Furnishings, Personal Artifacts, Tools and Equipment For Materials, Tools and Equipment for Science and Technology, Tools and Equipment For Communications, Distribution and Transportation Artifacts, Communication Artifacts, Recreational Artifacts, and Unclassifiable Artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e This collection is currently being evaluated, described, and rehoused by staff.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Artifacts are organized according to Nomenclature 3.0 for Museum Cataloging : Third Edition of Robert G. Chenhall's System for Classifying Man-Made Objects, which is published by AltaMira Press in cooperation with the American Association for State and Local History. Nomenclature 3.0 classifies artifacts based on their purpose or function.","Categories include: Built Environment Artifacts, Furnishings, Personal Artifacts, Tools and Equipment For Materials, Tools and Equipment for Science and Technology, Tools and Equipment For Communications, Distribution and Transportation Artifacts, Communication Artifacts, Recreational Artifacts, and Unclassifiable Artifacts.","This collection is currently being evaluated, described, and rehoused by staff."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMany of the artifacts inventoried in this collection came to the Special Collections Research Center as part of a collection of personal papers or organizational records. Those relationships are documented when known.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History:"],"custodhist_tesim":["Many of the artifacts inventoried in this collection came to the Special Collections Research Center as part of a collection of personal papers or organizational records. Those relationships are documented when known."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscripts Artifact Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Manuscripts Artifact Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Manuscripts Artifact Collection includes artifacts from a variety of personal papers and organizational records collections, as well as items acquired individually.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Images of a growing number of artifacts are available through the SCRC's Flickr account at\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003cextref actuate=\"onrequest\" audience=\"external\" linktype=\"simple\" show=\"embed\" href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/scrc/sets/72157601972522069/\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Manuscripts Artifact Collection includes artifacts from a variety of personal papers and organizational records collections, as well as items acquired individually.","Images of a growing number of artifacts are available through the SCRC's Flickr account at"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas Millington's watercolor painting of the Palace Green was originally transferred from the John Millington Papers (Mss. 65 M59, Box 7, Folder 11b) to the Manuscripts Artifact Collection (Mss. 1.03), before being transferred to the Thomas Millington Collection (MS 00306) on July 29, 2019.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Thomas Millington's watercolor painting of the Palace Green was originally transferred from the John Millington Papers (Mss. 65 M59, Box 7, Folder 11b) to the Manuscripts Artifact Collection (Mss. 1.03), before being transferred to the Thomas Millington Collection (MS 00306) on July 29, 2019."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":736,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:48:09.289Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1403_c08_c05_c02_c07"}},{"id":"viu_viu00032_c02_c03","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Legal Papers., 1653/1914","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00032_c02_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu00032_c02_c03","ref_ssm":["viu_viu00032_c02_c03"],"id":"viu_viu00032_c02_c03","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00032","_root_":"viu_viu00032","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00032_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_viu00032_c02","parent_ssim":["Baylor Family Papers \n 1653-1915","SERIES II: LEGAL \u0026 FINANCIAL\n PAPERS"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu00032","viu_viu00032_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Legal Papers.","title_ssm":["Legal Papers."],"title_tesim":["Legal Papers."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Legal Papers., 1653/1914"],"text":["Legal Papers., 1653/1914","Baylor Family Papers \n 1653-1915","SERIES II: LEGAL \u0026 FINANCIAL\n PAPERS","Box Box 2"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Baylor Family Papers \n 1653-1915","SERIES II: LEGAL \u0026 FINANCIAL\n PAPERS"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Baylor Family Papers \n 1653-1915","SERIES II: LEGAL \u0026 FINANCIAL\n PAPERS"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1653/1914"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1653-1914, \u0026 n.d."],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":6,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Baylor Family Papers \n 1653-1915"],"extent_ssm":["(4 folders)"],"extent_tesim":["(4 folders)"],"containers_ssim":["Box Box 2"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"date_range_isim":[1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#2","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:42:26.833Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu00032","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00032","_root_":"viu_viu00032","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00032","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu00032.xml","title_ssm":["Baylor Family Papers \n 1653-1915"],"title_tesim":["Baylor Family Papers \n 1653-1915"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Baylor Family Papers \n 1653-1915"],"text":["Baylor Family Papers \n 1653-1915","2257","2000 items","The \n          Baylor Family Papers have been arranged in\n         the following six series:","I. Correspondence (Box 1)","II. Legal and Financial Papers (Boxes 2-3)","III. Miscellaneous Papers (Box 4)","IV. Notebooks and Bound Volumes (Boxes 5-7)","V. Papers of \n          James B. Baylor and the \n          United States Coast \u0026 Geodetic\n         Survey (Boxes 8-11)","VI. Oversize Items \u0026 2M Volumes","John Baylor 1 ( \n         1650- \n         1720) resident of \n          Gloucester County, Virginia, and later \n          King and Queen County, Virginia, married \n          Lucy Todd O'Brien (ca.1681-?) of \n          New Kent County, Virginia, in \n         1698. They were believed to have had three\n         offspring, \n          Frances Baylor, \n          Robert Baylor, and \n          John Baylor 2. The children of their son,\n         Colonel \n          John2 Baylor ( \n         1705- \n         1772), and \n          Frances Walker (?- \n         1783) were as follows:","1) \n          Courtney Baylor m. Jasper Clayton of \n          Gloucester County","2) \n          Lucy Baylor m. \n          John Armistead","3) \n          Frances Baylor m. \n          John Nicholson","4) \n          Elizabeth Baylor unmarried","5) \n          John Baylor 3 ( \n         1750- \n         1808) m. \n          Frances Norton ( \n         1760- \n         1815) in \n         1778","6) \n          George Baylor ( \n         1752- \n         1784) m. \n          Lucy Page in \n         1778","7) \n          Walker Baylor ( ? - \n         1823) m. \n          Jane Bledsoe","8) \n          Robert Baylor m. Miss Gwynne","The children of \n          John Baylor 3 and \n          Frances Norton were:","1) \n          Frances Courtney Baylor ( \n         1779- \n         1780)","2) \n          Courtney Orange Baylor ( \n         1781-? ) m. _____ Fox","3) \n          Lucy Elizabeth Todd Baylor ( ? - \n         1823) m. [Sen. \n          John H. Upshaw ] in \n         1809","4) \n          Louisa Henrietta Baylor m. [ \n          William T. Upshaw ]","5) \n          Susanna Frances Baylor ( \n         1783- \n         1837) m. \n          John Sutton","6) \n          John Baylor 4 m. \n          Maria Ann Roy ( \n         1790- \n         1850) in \n         1819","7) Dr. \n          George Daniel Baylor m. Miss Lewis","The issue of \n          John Baylor 4 and \n          Maria Ann Roy was Dr. \n          John Roy Baylor","John Baylor ( \n         1821- \n         1897) who married \n          Anne Bowen of \n          Albemarle County and produced the\n         following offspring:","1) Captain \n          James Bowen Baylor ( \n         1849- \n         1924) m. \n          Ellen Carter Bruce (died ca. \n         1899) in ca. \n         1881, producing three children: \n          Evelyn Courtney Blackford Baylor, \n          Anne Baylor, and \n          John Baylor ( \n         1890- \n         1968).","2) \n          Maria Roy Baylor","3) \n          John Roy Baylor, Jr. ( \n         1851- \n         1926) m. \n          Julia Howard","The papers of the \n             Baylor family of \"Newmarket,\" \n             Bowling Green, Caroline County, Virginia, contain ca.\n            2000 items (11 Hollinger boxes, 4.5 linear feet),\n            1653-1915, and consist of correspondence, legal and\n            financial papers, ledgers, genealogical material, students\n            notebooks and bound volumes, scrapbooks, photographs, a\n            diary, literary compositions, military papers pertaining to\n            the Revolutionary War, newsclippings, the records of James Bowen Baylor and the \n             United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, and miscellaneous papers.\n        These papers pertain to John Baylor (1650-1720) of \n             Gloucester County, and King and Queen County, Virginia, and his wife, \n             Lucy Todd O'Brien of New Kent County, Virginia, and four generations of their descendants. The \n             John Baylor ledgers, 1719-1755, reveal that John Baylor was a wealthy merchant,\n            planter, and shipowner. He also served as a burgess, representing Gloucester County in the 1693 General Assembly and King and Queen County in 1718.\n        John Baylor's son, John Baylor (1705-1772), greatly increased the family landholdings when he received a royal\n            land grant in 1726 in what was to become Caroline County, Virginia. John Baylor was educated in \n             England, at the \n             Putney Grammer School and \n             Caius College, \n             Cambridge. While in \n             England, he developed a keen interest\n            in thoroughbred horses and horse racing, going so far as to\n            name his new home, \" \n             Newmarket, \" for the famous English\n            racing center. He became an important colonial horse\n            importer and breeder whose stables greatly contributed to\n            the development of American thoroughbreds. \n             John Baylor also rendered public\n            service to the newly formed county of \n             Caroline, as a colonel in the county\n            militia and a burgess in 1742-1749, and 1756-1765.\n        All four of the sons of \n             John Baylor (1705-1772) contributed in\n            some way to the American effort during the Revolutionary\n            War. \n             John Baylor (1750-1808), the heir of \" \n             Newmarket, \" while unable to fight due\n            to a childhood injury, gave financial support to the war\n            effort. He later had difficulties in shedding his\n            reputation as a \"Tory\" because he had gone back to \n             England in 1778 to marry his cousin, \n             Frances Norton (1760-1815) and had to\n            live in \n             Europe until they could obtain a return\n            passage to \n             America.\n        \n                George Baylor (1752-1784) was a member\n            of the \n             Caroline County Committee of Safety,\n            1775-1776, and from 1775-1777, he was aide-de-camp of\n            General \n             George Washington. He was commanding\n            officer of the \n             3rd Regiment Light Dragoons when he was\n            wounded and captured on September 28, 1778. He was\n            eventually exchanged and his regiment was consolidated with\n            the \n             First Continental Dragoons on November\n            9, 1782, which he commanded until the end of the war. On\n            September 30, 1783, he received his commission as a Brevet\n            Brigadier General.\n        \n                Walker Baylor served as a lieutenant\n            and captain of the \n             3rd Regiment Light Dragoons during the\n            Revolution. He along with his other brother \n             Robert Baylor, who also served in the\n            Revolution, immigrated to \n             Kentucky. Later \n             Robert Baylor apparently settled in the\n             Pearl River area of the \n             Mississippi Territory.\n        The estate of \n             John Baylor (1750-1808) was hopelessly\n            entangled when he inherited it from his father in 1772 and\n            much of it was lost through his own ineptitude as a\n            businessman and the dishonesty of others. However, the\n            house and two thousand acres were entailed and could not be\n            alienated; these were passed on to his son, \n             John Baylor ( ? ), who married \n             Maria Ann Roy and produced Dr. \n             John Roy Baylor (1821-1897). It was Dr.\n             John Roy Baylor's son, Captain \n             James Bowen Baylor (1848-1924), who was\n            a member of the \n             United States Coast and Geodetic\n            Survey team.\n        The correspondence series contains the correspondence\n            from family members, friends, and business associates of\n            all the above generations of the \n             Baylor family, beginning with Colonel \n             John Baylor (1705-1772). Letters\n            pertaining to the sojourn of \n             John Baylor (1750-1808) in \n             England prior to and during the\n            Revolutionary War include the following: a reference to\n            Colonel \n             John Baylor's son at school in \n             Caius College, \n             Cambridge (August 12,1769); his\n            intentions of returning to the \n             United States (December 28, 1770); the\n            advice of \n             William Bond, a former teacher of \n             John Baylor, for him to seek further\n            educational opportunities upon the continent rather than to\n            return to college studies (July 15, 1773); \n             William Bond's request for \n             John Baylor to ignore \"national evils\"\n            and to visit \n             England (May 4, 1778); \n             John Baylor's trip to \n             England to wed his cousin, \n             Frances Norton (1778); a reference to\n            the Baylor's leaving \n             England, and comments concerning the\n            fashions and decadence of \n             England (May 4, 1779).\n        Correspondence concerning events leading up to and\n            including the Revolutionary War includes: \n             Sam Waterman's support of the Stamp\n            Act repeal and the danger of shipping livestock from \n             London to \n             John Baylor (March 6, 1766); a Mr.\n            Grand's letter refusing to advise \n             John Baylor due to threat of prison\n            (March 28, [1772]): copies of \n             Committee of Correspondence letters to \n             John Norton asking him to keep them\n            informed regarding events in \n             England and Acts of \n             Parliament and his reply (April 6,\n            \u0026 July 6, 1773); a recommendation for the Baron of\n            [Bonstetten] who served in the Danish and Prussian Wars\n            (September 27,1777); \n             John Baylor as a prisoner aboard a\n            British ship, Thomas [Thortican], possibly due to suspicion\n            that he was reportedly carrying a treaty between \n             France and the \n             United States (February 5, 1778); the\n            birth of Colonel \n             George Baylor's son (May 6, 1779); \n             Walker Baylor asking his brother to\n            send him some money to cover his expenses incurred in\n            fighting in the Revolution (August 13, 1779); a statement\n            of \n             Edmund Pendleton, the Chairman of the \n             Caroline Committee of Correspondence,\n            regarding the loyalty of \n             John Baylor to the colonial cause,\n            relating that \n             John Baylor supported the actions of\n            the Americans at \n             Lexington, and returned to \n             England only to marry (October 13,\n            1779); the statement of \n             George Baylor regarding the loyalty of\n            his brother evidenced by his opinion of events at \n             Lexington, and his recommendation of\n            Baron de Wolfen in the service of the \n             American Army, and concluding with the\n            explanation that \n             John Baylor did not fight due to a\n            physical infirmity acquired in his youth (October 14,1779);\n             John Wormeley requests \n             John Baylor to use his influence to\n            give him an escort to visit his father in \n             Virginia (August 16, 1782); and a\n            request for \n             George Baylor to help recover money\n            form one of the officers of his regiment for Mr. Alexander\n            (September 3, 1783).\n        Other subjects of note include: the tobacco growing and\n            export business (May 8, 1741; March 6, 1766; August 12,\n            1769; February 5, 1778; June 29, 1788; March 10, 1789; June\n            6, 1789; March 15, 1793; \u0026 February 5, 1790); iron and\n            forge business (October 11, 1771; \u0026 April 13, 1774);\n            horses and horse breeding (\"Sober John\"-October25, 1754;\n            \"Fearnought\"-March 21, 1771; October 30, 1756; March 6,\n            1766; and July 17, 1800); and a discussion about whether\n            the Spanish will allow free trade up the \n             Mississippi River and \n             Ohio River ([December 4], 1783).\n        Several letters mention slaves and slavery. Among these\n            are: slaves for sale (April 14, 1770; March 21, 1771;\n            September 14, 1771; \u0026 June 19, 1811); mention of slave\n            passes, a slave detained on the road for lack of one, and a\n            visit of slaves with the family in \n             Gloucester County, Virginia (July 12,\n            1813); the prices of slaves in the \n             Pearl River area of the \n             Mississippi Territory and prices of\n            hire (November 28, 1816); and a letter from a Quaker, \n             George Boone, of \n             Berks County, Pennsylvania, attempting\n            to verify that \n             James Martin, a black man who claimed\n            to have been born to free parents and wrongly sold as part\n            of Colonel \n             John Baylor's estate, was indeed a\n            free black and not legally owned by \n             Thomas Adams of \n             Orange County, Virginia (August 12,\n            1818).\n        There is a group of letters between \n             John Baylor, \n             John Frere, and \n             John Baylor's former teacher in \n             England, \n             William Bond, concerning education for\n            his two sons, \n             John Baylor and \n             George Daniel Baylor. This\n            correspondence sheds some light on the attempts of\n            Americans to educate their sons following the Revolution\n            and includes: a discussion of \n             Eton and \n             Rugby and changes that have occurred at\n             Cambridge (August 17, 1793); a\n            suggestion to try \n             Glasgow in \n             Scotland (March 1, 1796); the\n            possibility of using a tutor (February 27, 1797); terms to\n            secure a tutor from \n             England and his opinion of \n             Eton (October 2, 1797); and a\n            suggestion to use an American clergyman for a tutor (June\n            22, 1799 \u0026 June 30, 1800).\n        Other subjects mentioned include: the French Revolution\n            (July 2, August 17, and [September 18], 1793); a\n            description of fashions ([September 18], 1793); a\n            description of \n             Warm Springs, \n             Bath County, Virginia (August 26,\n            1805); the career of \n             Napoleon Bonaparte (June 30 \u0026 July\n            17, 1800); the settlement of \n             John Baylor's estate (December 26,\n            1801; \u0026 January 3, 1804); the \n             Louisiana Purchase (September 17,\n            1803); a woman's viewpoint and thoughts (April 9, 1802);\n            the interdiction of His Majesty's ships from American ports\n            and the War of 1812 (August 29, 1808; March 25, 1812; and\n            July 18, 1813); an excellent discussion of social and\n            economic life in \n             Pearl River, \n             Mississippi Territory (November 28,\n            1816); the financial difficulties of the \n             Baylor family (September 1, 1819; \u0026\n            July 25, 1820); a meteorite falling in \n             Washington, D.C. (March 18, 1821); the\n            celebration in \n             Richmond of the French victory over the\n            Turkish Dey of \n             Algiers (September 13, 1830); the\n            medical studies of \n             John Roy Baylor (January 31, 1842);\n            discussion of \n             George Catlin's book about American\n            Indians and the explorations of \n             John C. Fremont and \n             Charles Wilkes (April 30, 1846); a\n            detailed description of \n             William P. Palmer's trip to \n             Europe (October 30, 1865); and the\n            voyage of Presbyterian missionary \n             E. Lanc[aster] to \n             Rio De Janeiro (August 26, 1869).\n        Events during the Civil War period are represented by\n            the following: \n             William P. Palmer's comments\n            concerning \n             John Brown's raid at \n             Harper's Ferry and the preparations for\n            his hanging (November 22 \u0026 December 1, 1859); the\n            struggle for possession of the \n             Fredericksburg Water Power\n            Company (March 17 \u0026 November 3, 1863; \u0026\n            September 5, 1865); the building of \n             Confederate stables and cabins for a\n            camp in \n             Louisa near the gold mines of \n             Louisa County's \n             Walnut Grove and \n             Slate Grove, formerly owned by Yankee\n            speculators (December 30, 1863); requests for donations of\n            flour and foodstuffs for soldiers (February 25, 1865); and\n            the assassination of \n             Abraham Lincoln deplored (April 25,\n            1865). Related topics include the mention of seeing \n             Robert E. Lee at \n             White Sulpher Springs, West\n            Virginia (August 17, 1867) and a letter from \n             Henry Stephens Randall declining to\n            visit the Old Dominion until the scars of the Civil War are\n            healed (n.d.).\n        Other post-Civil War subjects include: racial tensions\n            (August 11, 1878) and the \n             Richmond riots during which a white\n            policeman was killed in \n             Old Market Hall (March 20, 1870); \n             John Roy Baylor's assurances that his\n            black tenant farmers were not involved in the violence in \n             Caroline County (n.d.); life in \n             St. Louis, Missouri (September \u0026\n            July 3, 1873); a description of a shoot-out in \n             Uvalde County, Texas (May 10, 1881);\n            the black vote during Reconstruction in \n             Virginia (October 28, 1889); mention of\n             Micajah Woods, the \n             University of Virginia, and \n             Monticello (October 21, 1887); and the \n             Richmond, Fredericksburg, \u0026 Potomac Railroad\n            Company (March 21, 1873; \u0026 May 20, 1881).\n        Letters containing genealogical information include the\n            following families: the \n             Norton family (June 22, 1828); \n             Robert Baylor's (August 14, 1828); the\n             Frere family (June 28, 1872 \u0026 n.d.);\n            the \n             Roy family (March 21, 1887 \u0026 January\n            8, 1885); the \n             Braxton family (April 20, 1810); the \n             Baylor family (February 20, 1895); and\n            the \n             Texas \n                Baylor family (April 28 \u0026 May 2,\n            1894).\n        For a list of individual correspondents, please consult\n            the \n             Baylor family sliplist.\n        The next series of papers contain the legal and\n            financial papers of the \n             Baylor family. These include: the\n            amnesty papers of Dr. \n             John Roy Baylor (1865); land plats and\n            surveys (1701-1841) of \n             Virginia lands in \n             King William County, \n             King and Queen County, \n             Spotsylvania County, \n             Caroline County, \n             Pocahontas County, and \n             Orange County, many of which were done\n            by surveyor, \n             James Taylor; and other legal\n            documents such as indentures, bonds, deeds, land grants,\n            and bills of complaint. Items of special note are: copies\n            of land grants signed by \n             Alexander Spotswood (July 20, 1722) and\n             Hugh Drysdale (July 16, 1726); a list\n            of named slaves sold to \n             John Baylor (December 12, 1751);\n            charges against \n             Philip Easter, overseer for \n             John Baylor, particularly for\n            \"constantly driving of the Negroes for which I paid a great\n            deal of tobacco,\" especially old \n             Sarah, a midwife (ca. 1757); agreement\n            of \n             John Hatley Norton to buy \n             John Baylor's tobacco (December 12,\n            1776); a water lot rental (June 12, 1794); articles of\n            agreement concerning a grist mill in \n             Caroline County (June 18, 1813); the\n            pardon of \n             John Crowley signed by \n             James Madison and \n             James Monroe (September 11, 1815); an\n            indenture of 1820 with named slaves; a schedule of property\n            with a named slave (December 17, 1822); an agreement\n            concerning a mill with \n             P. Harrison as the miller (1831); a\n            certificate of exemption from active service in the \n             Confederate Army as an agriculturalist\n            (November 10, 1864); and a copy of a receipt concerning\n            work done on a gravel pit for the \n             Richmond, Fredericksburg, \u0026 Potomac\n            Railroad (June 2, 1870).\n        This series also contains copies of the wills of \n             John Baylor (1705-1772), dated February\n            19, 1770, and \n             Frances Baylor (1760-1815), dated June\n            12, 1815, both mentioning family slaves by name.\n        The financial papers of the \n             Baylor family contain six small account\n            books, 1859-1870, listing payment to hired hands, one of\n            which contains the \n             Tiverton Farm Stockbook (1866); bank\n            statements; a farm book for the \n             Greenwood Farm; \n             John Baylor's receipt book, 1792-1795,\n            which mentions Negroes purchased (December 5, 1790), \n             George Baylor's estate (February 17,\n            1792), and Negroes sold (February 23, 1795); and other\n            miscellaneous financial papers.\n        Topics in the financial papers include the following: an\n            account with \n             Donald Robertson for \n             Robert Baylor and \n             Walker Baylor's schooling (April 1,\n            1772); Colonel Braxton's smith works (April 1736); the \n             Rappahannock River Forge belonging to \n             James Hunter (March 31, 1784); tobacco\n            accounts (1775-1776; 1782; June \u0026 August 1782, October\n            2, 1789; February 24, 1784; March 19 \u0026 December 11,\n            1875; and n.d.); horses and racing (January 16, 1741; July\n            11, 1777, May 29, 1767; November 15, 1774; April 1, 1756;\n            and list of horses, n.d.); an account for carpenter and\n            house work [1726]; an account with the \n             Swan Tavern (September 23, 1815); the\n            settling of \n             John Baylor's estate (1750-1808)\n            (January 5, 1812; May 29, 1811; October 27, 1812; September\n            10, 1815; October 2, 1819; June 1, 1821; August 3, 1821;\n            and n.d.); medical accounts (April 12, 1830); corn and meal\n            from \n             John Baylor's mill (January 1, 1830);\n            and a blacksmith account (January 1, 1875).\n        There are also accounts with the \n             Confederate government (November 14\n            \u0026 24, \u0026 December 12, 1863; March 24 \u0026 May 3,\n            1864; and February 4, 1865) and many concerning slaves and\n            slavery.\n        These include: duty paid on Negroes (1742-1744); claim\n            for payment for capturing and placing \n             John Baylor's runaway slave in the \n             Spotsylvania goal (April 16, 1744); the\n            sale of \n             George Baylor's slaves (November 28,\n            1786); slaves for hire (December 26, 1805; June 15, 1814);\n            hire of \" \n             Ned \" as a mason (October 2, 1814);\n            clothing for Negroes (1814); grog for servants (September\n            23, 1815); bills of sale for unnamed slaves (June 11,\n            1847); \n             Mary and daughter \n             Elizabeth (September 4, 1848); \n             Miles (February 20, 1849); \n             Pompey (June 11, 1847); slave boy, \n             Frank (January 15, 1851); \n             Kitty Brook and \n             Fanny (December 28, 1853); \n             George Cooper (June 18, 1857); and\n            slave hire (April 30, 1859 \u0026 ca. 1854).\n        The miscellaneous series contains a diary (1780) of \n             John Baylor 1750-1808) describing a\n            journey from \" \n             Newmarket \" to \n             Warm Springs, \n             Augusta County, Virginia, and\n            mentioning Dr. \n             [Thomas ?] Walker and his son, \n             Thomas Walker, of \n             Albemarle County, Virginia, and \n             John Baylor's \n             Orange plantations; genealogical\n            material pertaining to the \n             Roy family, \n             Baylor family, and \n             Norton family, and including\n            biographical sketches of \n             Mungo Roy and \n             John Baylor (1750-1808); a \"History of\n            the Early Church in Virginia\"; several literary\n            compositions by \n             Maria Roy Baylor; and a memorandum\n            book of \n             John Baylor (1750-1808) which describes\n            the beginning of his voyage on the Potomack (October 1775)\n            and furnishes a description of saltworks at \n             Portsmouth, [England] (1778).\n        Other material in this series includes military papers,\n            miscellaneous papers, newsclippings, and loose photographs.\n            Thirteen of the items in the military papers pertain to\n            Colonel \n             John Baylor (1705-1772) and the \n             Caroline militia, who served under\n            Colonel \n             George Washington in the construction\n            of a fort at \n             Winchester, Virginia, during the\n            French and Indian War, 1756-1757, and consist of company\n            returns, orders for payment, and receipts for payment.\n        The rest of the military papers consist of Revolutionary\n            War material, relating to \n             George Baylor, aide-de-camp to General\n             George Washington, 1775-1777, and\n            Commander of the \n             Third Regiment of Light Dragoons, and\n            the papers about clothing, arms, and other supplies,\n            regimental finances, roster of officers, and weekly returns\n            of the regiment. Among these papers are: a copy of a letter\n            from General Burgoyne to Colonel Phillipson concerning\n            military conditions and discussing his ill-fated \n             Saratoga campaign (October 20, 1777); a\n            mention of \n             George Baylor's upcoming marriage\n            (February 4, 1778); \n             B. Dade's request to be exchanged as a\n            prisoner of war (February 1779); monies owed for supplies\n            to \n             James Hunter with an itemized account\n            (October 12 \u0026 November 1, 1779); the problems and\n            arrangements involved in outfitting the regiment (February\n            4, June 6 \u0026 12, 1778; October 13, 1780; October 26,\n            1781 [2 letters]; November 2, 1781; April 3 \u0026 August\n            14, 1782); the difficulty of working with the \"financier \n             Robert Morris \" (October 13, 1780); an\n            outbreak of smallpox in the \n             Third Regiment at \n             Petersburg, Virginia (November 25,\n            1781); and an order for a review of the \n             Continental army for July 4, 1782. A\n            final item is a general order for a discharge from the \n             4th Regiment of \n             Virginia militia during the War of 1812\n            (April 10, 1814). For a list of individual correspondents,\n            please consult the original list in the control folder.\n        The miscellaneous folder contains the following: a\n            printed score sheet for archery (July 4, 1771); a list of\n            books, probably from the library of \n             John Baylor [ca. 1800 ?]; notes\n            concerning Blackstone's law; a pamphlet, \"The Lewis and\n            Clark Expedition,\" by \n             Grace Flandrau (n.d.); an oath to \"our\n            Sovereign Lord King George\" (n.d.); and a parochial report,\n             Emmanuel Church, \n             Greenwood Parish, Reverend \n             W.M. Nelson, Rector (n.d.).\n        The newsclippings, 1921-1933, concern \n             University of Virginia events, news of\n            the \n             Ivy area, the \n             Lewis Association of America, the \n             Lewis family, and historical\n            articles.\n        The loose photographs, mostly unidentified, include:\n            Mrs. Rutherford's children, \n             Rosa Rutherford, \n             Charles Frere and \n             Douglas Frere, possible photographs of\n            \" \n             Newmarket, \" and \n             University of Virginia professors.\n        The notebooks and bound volumes series contains the\n            following: a photograph album; school notebooks of \n             Maria Roy Baylor, \n             Frank Blackford, and \n             James B. Baylor; an expense book; two\n            scrapbooks of newsclippings; and the \n            Letters of Junius,hand\n            copied by \n             John Baylor (1769-1771).\n        Those volumes belonging to Dr. \n             John Roy Baylor include: a genealogical\n            and historical notebook (1872); a medical notebook and farm\n            expense book which records a controversy with the \n             Clayton family over slaves (1847-1851); a\n            farm account book, 1856-1892, with accounts with the \n             Fredericksburg Water Power Company, a\n            servant's account (June-August, 1865), and reports of wheat\n            crops; an account book with grape expenses, sheep\n            memorandum, apple accounts, and a mill account (1868-1874);\n            and another farm book with an account with the \n             Bowling Green Tanning Yard, and slave\n            hire records with named slaves (1847-1868).\n        The photograph album, apparently given to \n             John Roy Baylor by his granddaughter on\n            Christmas of 1887, contains photographs of the following: \n             Rosa Seddon Rutherford (1891 \u0026\n            n.d.); \n             Helen Rutherford Johnson; \n             James B. Baylor; \n             Frances Starke Bowen, of \" \n             Mirador, \" \n             Albemarle County (1886); \n             Fanny Courtenay Baylor (1886); the\n            mother of \n             Fanny Courtenay Baylor; a portrait of\n            Colonel \n             George Armistead; \n             Roy Ellerson Massie; General \n             Lewis Armistead (killed at \n             Gettysburg ); \n             Maria Roy Baylor; \n             Eloise Baylor (1885); \n             Julia Howard Baylor; and \n             John Roy Baylor.\n        The series containing the papers of \n             James B. Baylor and the \n             United States Coast and Geodetic\n            Survey consists of the financial records of the\n            survey teams led by \n             John Baylor, circular letters from the\n            home office in \n             Washington, D.C., the official\n            correspondence and reports of \n             John Baylor, photographs, printed\n            material, \n             United States government property\n            inventories, and bound volumes.\n        \n                James Bowen Baylor (1849-1924)\n            graduated with an engineering degree from the \n             University of Virginia in 1872 and was\n            appointed an aid in the \n             United States Coast and Geodetic Survey\n            Department in 1874, continuing to work as a field\n            agent throughout his career. His many assignments included:\n            the determination of the elements of earth's magnetism from\n             Canada to \n             Mexico; the survey of oyster grounds\n            in \n             Louisiana and \n             Virginia, 1889-1894; his appointment\n            as a Commissioner of the \n             United States Supreme Court to settle\n            the \n             Virginia - \n             Tennessee boundary line dispute,\n            establishing it in the middle of Main Street, \n             Bristol, 1900-1902; and also the\n            establishment of boundaries between \n             Virginia and \n             Maryland, \n             New York and \n             Pennsylvania, and the \n             United States and \n             Canada.\n        The Oyster Industry Protection Correspondence contains\n            much correspondence from \n             William Ellinger of \n             Fox Island, Virginia, who describes\n            himself as an oyster planter. Printed material consists of\n            death notices for \n             United States Coast and Geodetic\n            Survey men, \n             Richard D. Cutts and \n             Benjamin Peirce (1880\u0026 1883), and\n            three pamphlets concerning the \n             United States and Canadian boundary,\n            the oyster laws of \n             Virginia, and a \n             Virginia Military Institute valedictory\n            address by \n             Edward Hutson Russell.\n        Oversize items include a survey of the lands of \n             John Roy Baylor (June 1847),\n            photographs of the \n             United States Coast and Geodetic\n            Survey, and a printed plan of the fairgrounds of\n            the \n             Virginia State Agricultural Society, \n             Richmond, 1854.\n        The three \n             Baylor family ledgers, 1719-1755, contain\n            many references to the purchase of slaves (see\n            addendum).","ADDENDUM RE THE BAYLOR LEDGERS\n        The three \n             Baylor family ledgers contain many\n            references concerning tobacco exports, the purchase of\n            merchandise, work done on various ships, and slaves, which\n            at times had their place of origin noted, as in \" \n             Madigaschar woman,\" \"man of \n             Callabar, \" and \" \n             Barbadoes negro.\" The accounts of the\n            first two ledgers are indexed in the front of the\n            volumes.\n        References to slavery occurring in volume one include\n            the following pages: 12, 13, 15, 17, 22-24, 26, 28, 35, 37,\n            39, 47, 49, 64-66, 68, 70-71, 77, 80-81, 83, 92-93,\n            101-102, 113-114, 127, 130, 134, 166, \u0026 175. References\n            to slavery in volume two include: 10, 16, 30, 34, 56,\n            63-64, 74, 86, 88, 102, 115, 123, 134, 183, \u0026 207.\n            Volume three pages include: 40, 71, 124, 130, 132, 135,\n            146, 148, 152-153, \u0026 155.\n        Occasionally the names of the slave ships and other\n            vessels are recorded in the ledgers with notes on the\n            contents purchased from them. These, along with their\n            volume and page number, are listed below.\n        \n                Ann \u0026 Sarah 1.96, 139, 150, \u0026\n            155\n        \n                Berkeley 1.38, 64, 71, 98, 121, 149,\n            \u0026 167; \u0026 2.50\n        \n                Betty 1.94\n        \n                Callabar 1.39, 68, \u0026 98; \u0026\n            2.96, 111, 136\n        \n                Greyhound 1.23, 37, 38, 65, 92, \u0026\n            96; \u0026 2.4, 54, \u0026 97\n        \n                Hunter 1.68\n        \n                Little John 1.9, 10, 12, 25, \u0026 75;\n            \u0026 2.116 \u0026 136\n        \n                Little York 2.124\n        \n                Lucy 1.94 \u0026 149\n        \n                Mattapony Pink 1.9, 33, 94, 99, 135,\n            145, 158, 180, \u0026 185\n        \n                Nassopenex Sloop 1.2, 5, 38, \u0026\n            75\n        \n                Parnel Galley 2.22\n        \n                Prince Eugene 1.139, 150, \u0026\n            162-164\n        \n                Twerton 1.15, 39, 103, \u0026 2.90\n        Other entries include: the Iron Mine Adventurers 1.1\n            \u0026 1.11; horses 1.28; the \n             Germana mines 2.188; \n             John Baylor's estate 2.73 \u0026 131;\n            quitrents for land in \n             Caroline County, \n             Spotsylvania County, \n             Orange County, and \n             King and Queen County 2.34 \u0026 79;\n            and doctor and midwife accounts 3.120-121, 142, \u0026 149.\n            Volume three also has many references to the manufacture\n            and repair of hardware, utensils, and agricultural\n            equipment. In addition, at the end of the last volume,\n            there is a list of memoranda concerning agreements and\n            contracts of \n             John Baylor, a memorandum of slaves\n            sold off \n             W. Lyde's plantation (November 30,\n            1742) and a list of all the Negroes belonging to Baylor in\n            1744.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Baylor Family Papers \n 1653-1915"],"collection_ssim":["Baylor Family Papers \n 1653-1915"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2257"],"unitid_tesim":["2257"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["John Baylor and \n          James Baylor Blackford"],"creator_ssim":["John Baylor and \n          James Baylor Blackford"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was loaned to the Library by \n             John Baylor of Baltimore, Maryland, and \n             James Baylor Blackford of Richmond, Virginia, on \n            April 12, 1946, and was made a gift on \n            August 31, 1954."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["2000 items"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe \n          Baylor Family Papers have been arranged in\n         the following six series:\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eI. Correspondence (Box 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eII. Legal and Financial Papers (Boxes 2-3)\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIII. Miscellaneous Papers (Box 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIV. Notebooks and Bound Volumes (Boxes 5-7)\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eV. Papers of \n          James B. Baylor and the \n          United States Coast \u0026amp; Geodetic\n         Survey (Boxes 8-11)\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eVI. Oversize Items \u0026amp; 2M Volumes\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The \n          Baylor Family Papers have been arranged in\n         the following six series:","I. Correspondence (Box 1)","II. Legal and Financial Papers (Boxes 2-3)","III. Miscellaneous Papers (Box 4)","IV. Notebooks and Bound Volumes (Boxes 5-7)","V. Papers of \n          James B. Baylor and the \n          United States Coast \u0026 Geodetic\n         Survey (Boxes 8-11)","VI. Oversize Items \u0026 2M Volumes"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n             John Baylor 1 ( \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1650\u003c/date\u003e- \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1720\u003c/date\u003e) resident of \n          Gloucester County, Virginia, and later \n          King and Queen County, Virginia, married \n          Lucy Todd O'Brien (ca.1681-?) of \n          New Kent County, Virginia, in \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1698\u003c/date\u003e. They were believed to have had three\n         offspring, \n          Frances Baylor, \n          Robert Baylor, and \n          John Baylor 2. The children of their son,\n         Colonel \n          John2 Baylor ( \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1705\u003c/date\u003e- \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1772\u003c/date\u003e), and \n          Frances Walker (?- \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1783\u003c/date\u003e) were as follows:\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e1) \n          Courtney Baylor m. Jasper Clayton of \n          Gloucester County \n         \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e2) \n          Lucy Baylor m. \n          John Armistead \n         \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e3) \n          Frances Baylor m. \n          John Nicholson \n         \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e4) \n          Elizabeth Baylor unmarried\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e5) \n          John Baylor 3 ( \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1750\u003c/date\u003e- \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1808\u003c/date\u003e) m. \n          Frances Norton ( \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1760\u003c/date\u003e- \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1815\u003c/date\u003e) in \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1778\u003c/date\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e6) \n          George Baylor ( \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1752\u003c/date\u003e- \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1784\u003c/date\u003e) m. \n          Lucy Page in \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1778\u003c/date\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e7) \n          Walker Baylor ( ? - \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1823\u003c/date\u003e) m. \n          Jane Bledsoe \n         \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e8) \n          Robert Baylor m. Miss Gwynne\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe children of \n          John Baylor 3 and \n          Frances Norton were:\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e1) \n          Frances Courtney Baylor ( \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1779\u003c/date\u003e- \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1780\u003c/date\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e2) \n          Courtney Orange Baylor ( \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1781\u003c/date\u003e-? ) m. _____ Fox\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e3) \n          Lucy Elizabeth Todd Baylor ( ? - \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1823\u003c/date\u003e) m. [Sen. \n          John H. Upshaw ] in \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1809\u003c/date\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e4) \n          Louisa Henrietta Baylor m. [ \n          William T. Upshaw ]\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e5) \n          Susanna Frances Baylor ( \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1783\u003c/date\u003e- \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1837\u003c/date\u003e) m. \n          John Sutton \n         \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e6) \n          John Baylor 4 m. \n          Maria Ann Roy ( \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1790\u003c/date\u003e- \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1850\u003c/date\u003e) in \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1819\u003c/date\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e7) Dr. \n          George Daniel Baylor m. Miss Lewis\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe issue of \n          John Baylor 4 and \n          Maria Ann Roy was Dr. \n          John Roy Baylor \n         \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\n             John Baylor ( \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1821\u003c/date\u003e- \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1897\u003c/date\u003e) who married \n          Anne Bowen of \n          Albemarle County and produced the\n         following offspring:\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e1) Captain \n          James Bowen Baylor ( \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1849\u003c/date\u003e- \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1924\u003c/date\u003e) m. \n          Ellen Carter Bruce (died ca. \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1899\u003c/date\u003e) in ca. \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1881\u003c/date\u003e, producing three children: \n          Evelyn Courtney Blackford Baylor, \n          Anne Baylor, and \n          John Baylor ( \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1890\u003c/date\u003e- \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1968\u003c/date\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e2) \n          Maria Roy Baylor \n         \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e3) \n          John Roy Baylor, Jr. ( \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1851\u003c/date\u003e- \n         \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1926\u003c/date\u003e) m. \n          Julia Howard \n         \u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Baylor 1 ( \n         1650- \n         1720) resident of \n          Gloucester County, Virginia, and later \n          King and Queen County, Virginia, married \n          Lucy Todd O'Brien (ca.1681-?) of \n          New Kent County, Virginia, in \n         1698. They were believed to have had three\n         offspring, \n          Frances Baylor, \n          Robert Baylor, and \n          John Baylor 2. The children of their son,\n         Colonel \n          John2 Baylor ( \n         1705- \n         1772), and \n          Frances Walker (?- \n         1783) were as follows:","1) \n          Courtney Baylor m. Jasper Clayton of \n          Gloucester County","2) \n          Lucy Baylor m. \n          John Armistead","3) \n          Frances Baylor m. \n          John Nicholson","4) \n          Elizabeth Baylor unmarried","5) \n          John Baylor 3 ( \n         1750- \n         1808) m. \n          Frances Norton ( \n         1760- \n         1815) in \n         1778","6) \n          George Baylor ( \n         1752- \n         1784) m. \n          Lucy Page in \n         1778","7) \n          Walker Baylor ( ? - \n         1823) m. \n          Jane Bledsoe","8) \n          Robert Baylor m. Miss Gwynne","The children of \n          John Baylor 3 and \n          Frances Norton were:","1) \n          Frances Courtney Baylor ( \n         1779- \n         1780)","2) \n          Courtney Orange Baylor ( \n         1781-? ) m. _____ Fox","3) \n          Lucy Elizabeth Todd Baylor ( ? - \n         1823) m. [Sen. \n          John H. Upshaw ] in \n         1809","4) \n          Louisa Henrietta Baylor m. [ \n          William T. Upshaw ]","5) \n          Susanna Frances Baylor ( \n         1783- \n         1837) m. \n          John Sutton","6) \n          John Baylor 4 m. \n          Maria Ann Roy ( \n         1790- \n         1850) in \n         1819","7) Dr. \n          George Daniel Baylor m. Miss Lewis","The issue of \n          John Baylor 4 and \n          Maria Ann Roy was Dr. \n          John Roy Baylor","John Baylor ( \n         1821- \n         1897) who married \n          Anne Bowen of \n          Albemarle County and produced the\n         following offspring:","1) Captain \n          James Bowen Baylor ( \n         1849- \n         1924) m. \n          Ellen Carter Bruce (died ca. \n         1899) in ca. \n         1881, producing three children: \n          Evelyn Courtney Blackford Baylor, \n          Anne Baylor, and \n          John Baylor ( \n         1890- \n         1968).","2) \n          Maria Roy Baylor","3) \n          John Roy Baylor, Jr. ( \n         1851- \n         1926) m. \n          Julia Howard"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of the \n             Baylor family of \"Newmarket,\" \n             Bowling Green, Caroline County, Virginia, contain ca.\n            2000 items (11 Hollinger boxes, 4.5 linear feet),\n            1653-1915, and consist of correspondence, legal and\n            financial papers, ledgers, genealogical material, students\n            notebooks and bound volumes, scrapbooks, photographs, a\n            diary, literary compositions, military papers pertaining to\n            the Revolutionary War, newsclippings, the records of James Bowen Baylor and the \n             United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, and miscellaneous papers.\n        These papers pertain to John Baylor (1650-1720) of \n             Gloucester County, and King and Queen County, Virginia, and his wife, \n             Lucy Todd O'Brien of New Kent County, Virginia, and four generations of their descendants. The \n             John Baylor ledgers, 1719-1755, reveal that John Baylor was a wealthy merchant,\n            planter, and shipowner. He also served as a burgess, representing Gloucester County in the 1693 General Assembly and King and Queen County in 1718.\n        John Baylor's son, John Baylor (1705-1772), greatly increased the family landholdings when he received a royal\n            land grant in 1726 in what was to become Caroline County, Virginia. John Baylor was educated in \n             England, at the \n             Putney Grammer School and \n             Caius College, \n             Cambridge. While in \n             England, he developed a keen interest\n            in thoroughbred horses and horse racing, going so far as to\n            name his new home, \" \n             Newmarket, \" for the famous English\n            racing center. He became an important colonial horse\n            importer and breeder whose stables greatly contributed to\n            the development of American thoroughbreds. \n             John Baylor also rendered public\n            service to the newly formed county of \n             Caroline, as a colonel in the county\n            militia and a burgess in 1742-1749, and 1756-1765.\n        All four of the sons of \n             John Baylor (1705-1772) contributed in\n            some way to the American effort during the Revolutionary\n            War. \n             John Baylor (1750-1808), the heir of \" \n             Newmarket, \" while unable to fight due\n            to a childhood injury, gave financial support to the war\n            effort. He later had difficulties in shedding his\n            reputation as a \"Tory\" because he had gone back to \n             England in 1778 to marry his cousin, \n             Frances Norton (1760-1815) and had to\n            live in \n             Europe until they could obtain a return\n            passage to \n             America.\n        \n                George Baylor (1752-1784) was a member\n            of the \n             Caroline County Committee of Safety,\n            1775-1776, and from 1775-1777, he was aide-de-camp of\n            General \n             George Washington. He was commanding\n            officer of the \n             3rd Regiment Light Dragoons when he was\n            wounded and captured on September 28, 1778. He was\n            eventually exchanged and his regiment was consolidated with\n            the \n             First Continental Dragoons on November\n            9, 1782, which he commanded until the end of the war. On\n            September 30, 1783, he received his commission as a Brevet\n            Brigadier General.\n        \n                Walker Baylor served as a lieutenant\n            and captain of the \n             3rd Regiment Light Dragoons during the\n            Revolution. He along with his other brother \n             Robert Baylor, who also served in the\n            Revolution, immigrated to \n             Kentucky. Later \n             Robert Baylor apparently settled in the\n             Pearl River area of the \n             Mississippi Territory.\n        The estate of \n             John Baylor (1750-1808) was hopelessly\n            entangled when he inherited it from his father in 1772 and\n            much of it was lost through his own ineptitude as a\n            businessman and the dishonesty of others. However, the\n            house and two thousand acres were entailed and could not be\n            alienated; these were passed on to his son, \n             John Baylor ( ? ), who married \n             Maria Ann Roy and produced Dr. \n             John Roy Baylor (1821-1897). It was Dr.\n             John Roy Baylor's son, Captain \n             James Bowen Baylor (1848-1924), who was\n            a member of the \n             United States Coast and Geodetic\n            Survey team.\n        The correspondence series contains the correspondence\n            from family members, friends, and business associates of\n            all the above generations of the \n             Baylor family, beginning with Colonel \n             John Baylor (1705-1772). Letters\n            pertaining to the sojourn of \n             John Baylor (1750-1808) in \n             England prior to and during the\n            Revolutionary War include the following: a reference to\n            Colonel \n             John Baylor's son at school in \n             Caius College, \n             Cambridge (August 12,1769); his\n            intentions of returning to the \n             United States (December 28, 1770); the\n            advice of \n             William Bond, a former teacher of \n             John Baylor, for him to seek further\n            educational opportunities upon the continent rather than to\n            return to college studies (July 15, 1773); \n             William Bond's request for \n             John Baylor to ignore \"national evils\"\n            and to visit \n             England (May 4, 1778); \n             John Baylor's trip to \n             England to wed his cousin, \n             Frances Norton (1778); a reference to\n            the Baylor's leaving \n             England, and comments concerning the\n            fashions and decadence of \n             England (May 4, 1779).\n        Correspondence concerning events leading up to and\n            including the Revolutionary War includes: \n             Sam Waterman's support of the Stamp\n            Act repeal and the danger of shipping livestock from \n             London to \n             John Baylor (March 6, 1766); a Mr.\n            Grand's letter refusing to advise \n             John Baylor due to threat of prison\n            (March 28, [1772]): copies of \n             Committee of Correspondence letters to \n             John Norton asking him to keep them\n            informed regarding events in \n             England and Acts of \n             Parliament and his reply (April 6,\n            \u0026 July 6, 1773); a recommendation for the Baron of\n            [Bonstetten] who served in the Danish and Prussian Wars\n            (September 27,1777); \n             John Baylor as a prisoner aboard a\n            British ship, Thomas [Thortican], possibly due to suspicion\n            that he was reportedly carrying a treaty between \n             France and the \n             United States (February 5, 1778); the\n            birth of Colonel \n             George Baylor's son (May 6, 1779); \n             Walker Baylor asking his brother to\n            send him some money to cover his expenses incurred in\n            fighting in the Revolution (August 13, 1779); a statement\n            of \n             Edmund Pendleton, the Chairman of the \n             Caroline Committee of Correspondence,\n            regarding the loyalty of \n             John Baylor to the colonial cause,\n            relating that \n             John Baylor supported the actions of\n            the Americans at \n             Lexington, and returned to \n             England only to marry (October 13,\n            1779); the statement of \n             George Baylor regarding the loyalty of\n            his brother evidenced by his opinion of events at \n             Lexington, and his recommendation of\n            Baron de Wolfen in the service of the \n             American Army, and concluding with the\n            explanation that \n             John Baylor did not fight due to a\n            physical infirmity acquired in his youth (October 14,1779);\n             John Wormeley requests \n             John Baylor to use his influence to\n            give him an escort to visit his father in \n             Virginia (August 16, 1782); and a\n            request for \n             George Baylor to help recover money\n            form one of the officers of his regiment for Mr. Alexander\n            (September 3, 1783).\n        Other subjects of note include: the tobacco growing and\n            export business (May 8, 1741; March 6, 1766; August 12,\n            1769; February 5, 1778; June 29, 1788; March 10, 1789; June\n            6, 1789; March 15, 1793; \u0026 February 5, 1790); iron and\n            forge business (October 11, 1771; \u0026 April 13, 1774);\n            horses and horse breeding (\"Sober John\"-October25, 1754;\n            \"Fearnought\"-March 21, 1771; October 30, 1756; March 6,\n            1766; and July 17, 1800); and a discussion about whether\n            the Spanish will allow free trade up the \n             Mississippi River and \n             Ohio River ([December 4], 1783).\n        Several letters mention slaves and slavery. Among these\n            are: slaves for sale (April 14, 1770; March 21, 1771;\n            September 14, 1771; \u0026 June 19, 1811); mention of slave\n            passes, a slave detained on the road for lack of one, and a\n            visit of slaves with the family in \n             Gloucester County, Virginia (July 12,\n            1813); the prices of slaves in the \n             Pearl River area of the \n             Mississippi Territory and prices of\n            hire (November 28, 1816); and a letter from a Quaker, \n             George Boone, of \n             Berks County, Pennsylvania, attempting\n            to verify that \n             James Martin, a black man who claimed\n            to have been born to free parents and wrongly sold as part\n            of Colonel \n             John Baylor's estate, was indeed a\n            free black and not legally owned by \n             Thomas Adams of \n             Orange County, Virginia (August 12,\n            1818).\n        There is a group of letters between \n             John Baylor, \n             John Frere, and \n             John Baylor's former teacher in \n             England, \n             William Bond, concerning education for\n            his two sons, \n             John Baylor and \n             George Daniel Baylor. This\n            correspondence sheds some light on the attempts of\n            Americans to educate their sons following the Revolution\n            and includes: a discussion of \n             Eton and \n             Rugby and changes that have occurred at\n             Cambridge (August 17, 1793); a\n            suggestion to try \n             Glasgow in \n             Scotland (March 1, 1796); the\n            possibility of using a tutor (February 27, 1797); terms to\n            secure a tutor from \n             England and his opinion of \n             Eton (October 2, 1797); and a\n            suggestion to use an American clergyman for a tutor (June\n            22, 1799 \u0026 June 30, 1800).\n        Other subjects mentioned include: the French Revolution\n            (July 2, August 17, and [September 18], 1793); a\n            description of fashions ([September 18], 1793); a\n            description of \n             Warm Springs, \n             Bath County, Virginia (August 26,\n            1805); the career of \n             Napoleon Bonaparte (June 30 \u0026 July\n            17, 1800); the settlement of \n             John Baylor's estate (December 26,\n            1801; \u0026 January 3, 1804); the \n             Louisiana Purchase (September 17,\n            1803); a woman's viewpoint and thoughts (April 9, 1802);\n            the interdiction of His Majesty's ships from American ports\n            and the War of 1812 (August 29, 1808; March 25, 1812; and\n            July 18, 1813); an excellent discussion of social and\n            economic life in \n             Pearl River, \n             Mississippi Territory (November 28,\n            1816); the financial difficulties of the \n             Baylor family (September 1, 1819; \u0026\n            July 25, 1820); a meteorite falling in \n             Washington, D.C. (March 18, 1821); the\n            celebration in \n             Richmond of the French victory over the\n            Turkish Dey of \n             Algiers (September 13, 1830); the\n            medical studies of \n             John Roy Baylor (January 31, 1842);\n            discussion of \n             George Catlin's book about American\n            Indians and the explorations of \n             John C. Fremont and \n             Charles Wilkes (April 30, 1846); a\n            detailed description of \n             William P. Palmer's trip to \n             Europe (October 30, 1865); and the\n            voyage of Presbyterian missionary \n             E. Lanc[aster] to \n             Rio De Janeiro (August 26, 1869).\n        Events during the Civil War period are represented by\n            the following: \n             William P. Palmer's comments\n            concerning \n             John Brown's raid at \n             Harper's Ferry and the preparations for\n            his hanging (November 22 \u0026 December 1, 1859); the\n            struggle for possession of the \n             Fredericksburg Water Power\n            Company (March 17 \u0026 November 3, 1863; \u0026\n            September 5, 1865); the building of \n             Confederate stables and cabins for a\n            camp in \n             Louisa near the gold mines of \n             Louisa County's \n             Walnut Grove and \n             Slate Grove, formerly owned by Yankee\n            speculators (December 30, 1863); requests for donations of\n            flour and foodstuffs for soldiers (February 25, 1865); and\n            the assassination of \n             Abraham Lincoln deplored (April 25,\n            1865). Related topics include the mention of seeing \n             Robert E. Lee at \n             White Sulpher Springs, West\n            Virginia (August 17, 1867) and a letter from \n             Henry Stephens Randall declining to\n            visit the Old Dominion until the scars of the Civil War are\n            healed (n.d.).\n        Other post-Civil War subjects include: racial tensions\n            (August 11, 1878) and the \n             Richmond riots during which a white\n            policeman was killed in \n             Old Market Hall (March 20, 1870); \n             John Roy Baylor's assurances that his\n            black tenant farmers were not involved in the violence in \n             Caroline County (n.d.); life in \n             St. Louis, Missouri (September \u0026\n            July 3, 1873); a description of a shoot-out in \n             Uvalde County, Texas (May 10, 1881);\n            the black vote during Reconstruction in \n             Virginia (October 28, 1889); mention of\n             Micajah Woods, the \n             University of Virginia, and \n             Monticello (October 21, 1887); and the \n             Richmond, Fredericksburg, \u0026 Potomac Railroad\n            Company (March 21, 1873; \u0026 May 20, 1881).\n        Letters containing genealogical information include the\n            following families: the \n             Norton family (June 22, 1828); \n             Robert Baylor's (August 14, 1828); the\n             Frere family (June 28, 1872 \u0026 n.d.);\n            the \n             Roy family (March 21, 1887 \u0026 January\n            8, 1885); the \n             Braxton family (April 20, 1810); the \n             Baylor family (February 20, 1895); and\n            the \n             Texas \n                Baylor family (April 28 \u0026 May 2,\n            1894).\n        For a list of individual correspondents, please consult\n            the \n             Baylor family sliplist.\n        The next series of papers contain the legal and\n            financial papers of the \n             Baylor family. These include: the\n            amnesty papers of Dr. \n             John Roy Baylor (1865); land plats and\n            surveys (1701-1841) of \n             Virginia lands in \n             King William County, \n             King and Queen County, \n             Spotsylvania County, \n             Caroline County, \n             Pocahontas County, and \n             Orange County, many of which were done\n            by surveyor, \n             James Taylor; and other legal\n            documents such as indentures, bonds, deeds, land grants,\n            and bills of complaint. Items of special note are: copies\n            of land grants signed by \n             Alexander Spotswood (July 20, 1722) and\n             Hugh Drysdale (July 16, 1726); a list\n            of named slaves sold to \n             John Baylor (December 12, 1751);\n            charges against \n             Philip Easter, overseer for \n             John Baylor, particularly for\n            \"constantly driving of the Negroes for which I paid a great\n            deal of tobacco,\" especially old \n             Sarah, a midwife (ca. 1757); agreement\n            of \n             John Hatley Norton to buy \n             John Baylor's tobacco (December 12,\n            1776); a water lot rental (June 12, 1794); articles of\n            agreement concerning a grist mill in \n             Caroline County (June 18, 1813); the\n            pardon of \n             John Crowley signed by \n             James Madison and \n             James Monroe (September 11, 1815); an\n            indenture of 1820 with named slaves; a schedule of property\n            with a named slave (December 17, 1822); an agreement\n            concerning a mill with \n             P. Harrison as the miller (1831); a\n            certificate of exemption from active service in the \n             Confederate Army as an agriculturalist\n            (November 10, 1864); and a copy of a receipt concerning\n            work done on a gravel pit for the \n             Richmond, Fredericksburg, \u0026 Potomac\n            Railroad (June 2, 1870).\n        This series also contains copies of the wills of \n             John Baylor (1705-1772), dated February\n            19, 1770, and \n             Frances Baylor (1760-1815), dated June\n            12, 1815, both mentioning family slaves by name.\n        The financial papers of the \n             Baylor family contain six small account\n            books, 1859-1870, listing payment to hired hands, one of\n            which contains the \n             Tiverton Farm Stockbook (1866); bank\n            statements; a farm book for the \n             Greenwood Farm; \n             John Baylor's receipt book, 1792-1795,\n            which mentions Negroes purchased (December 5, 1790), \n             George Baylor's estate (February 17,\n            1792), and Negroes sold (February 23, 1795); and other\n            miscellaneous financial papers.\n        Topics in the financial papers include the following: an\n            account with \n             Donald Robertson for \n             Robert Baylor and \n             Walker Baylor's schooling (April 1,\n            1772); Colonel Braxton's smith works (April 1736); the \n             Rappahannock River Forge belonging to \n             James Hunter (March 31, 1784); tobacco\n            accounts (1775-1776; 1782; June \u0026 August 1782, October\n            2, 1789; February 24, 1784; March 19 \u0026 December 11,\n            1875; and n.d.); horses and racing (January 16, 1741; July\n            11, 1777, May 29, 1767; November 15, 1774; April 1, 1756;\n            and list of horses, n.d.); an account for carpenter and\n            house work [1726]; an account with the \n             Swan Tavern (September 23, 1815); the\n            settling of \n             John Baylor's estate (1750-1808)\n            (January 5, 1812; May 29, 1811; October 27, 1812; September\n            10, 1815; October 2, 1819; June 1, 1821; August 3, 1821;\n            and n.d.); medical accounts (April 12, 1830); corn and meal\n            from \n             John Baylor's mill (January 1, 1830);\n            and a blacksmith account (January 1, 1875).\n        There are also accounts with the \n             Confederate government (November 14\n            \u0026 24, \u0026 December 12, 1863; March 24 \u0026 May 3,\n            1864; and February 4, 1865) and many concerning slaves and\n            slavery.\n        These include: duty paid on Negroes (1742-1744); claim\n            for payment for capturing and placing \n             John Baylor's runaway slave in the \n             Spotsylvania goal (April 16, 1744); the\n            sale of \n             George Baylor's slaves (November 28,\n            1786); slaves for hire (December 26, 1805; June 15, 1814);\n            hire of \" \n             Ned \" as a mason (October 2, 1814);\n            clothing for Negroes (1814); grog for servants (September\n            23, 1815); bills of sale for unnamed slaves (June 11,\n            1847); \n             Mary and daughter \n             Elizabeth (September 4, 1848); \n             Miles (February 20, 1849); \n             Pompey (June 11, 1847); slave boy, \n             Frank (January 15, 1851); \n             Kitty Brook and \n             Fanny (December 28, 1853); \n             George Cooper (June 18, 1857); and\n            slave hire (April 30, 1859 \u0026 ca. 1854).\n        The miscellaneous series contains a diary (1780) of \n             John Baylor 1750-1808) describing a\n            journey from \" \n             Newmarket \" to \n             Warm Springs, \n             Augusta County, Virginia, and\n            mentioning Dr. \n             [Thomas ?] Walker and his son, \n             Thomas Walker, of \n             Albemarle County, Virginia, and \n             John Baylor's \n             Orange plantations; genealogical\n            material pertaining to the \n             Roy family, \n             Baylor family, and \n             Norton family, and including\n            biographical sketches of \n             Mungo Roy and \n             John Baylor (1750-1808); a \"History of\n            the Early Church in Virginia\"; several literary\n            compositions by \n             Maria Roy Baylor; and a memorandum\n            book of \n             John Baylor (1750-1808) which describes\n            the beginning of his voyage on the Potomack (October 1775)\n            and furnishes a description of saltworks at \n             Portsmouth, [England] (1778).\n        Other material in this series includes military papers,\n            miscellaneous papers, newsclippings, and loose photographs.\n            Thirteen of the items in the military papers pertain to\n            Colonel \n             John Baylor (1705-1772) and the \n             Caroline militia, who served under\n            Colonel \n             George Washington in the construction\n            of a fort at \n             Winchester, Virginia, during the\n            French and Indian War, 1756-1757, and consist of company\n            returns, orders for payment, and receipts for payment.\n        The rest of the military papers consist of Revolutionary\n            War material, relating to \n             George Baylor, aide-de-camp to General\n             George Washington, 1775-1777, and\n            Commander of the \n             Third Regiment of Light Dragoons, and\n            the papers about clothing, arms, and other supplies,\n            regimental finances, roster of officers, and weekly returns\n            of the regiment. Among these papers are: a copy of a letter\n            from General Burgoyne to Colonel Phillipson concerning\n            military conditions and discussing his ill-fated \n             Saratoga campaign (October 20, 1777); a\n            mention of \n             George Baylor's upcoming marriage\n            (February 4, 1778); \n             B. Dade's request to be exchanged as a\n            prisoner of war (February 1779); monies owed for supplies\n            to \n             James Hunter with an itemized account\n            (October 12 \u0026 November 1, 1779); the problems and\n            arrangements involved in outfitting the regiment (February\n            4, June 6 \u0026 12, 1778; October 13, 1780; October 26,\n            1781 [2 letters]; November 2, 1781; April 3 \u0026 August\n            14, 1782); the difficulty of working with the \"financier \n             Robert Morris \" (October 13, 1780); an\n            outbreak of smallpox in the \n             Third Regiment at \n             Petersburg, Virginia (November 25,\n            1781); and an order for a review of the \n             Continental army for July 4, 1782. A\n            final item is a general order for a discharge from the \n             4th Regiment of \n             Virginia militia during the War of 1812\n            (April 10, 1814). For a list of individual correspondents,\n            please consult the original list in the control folder.\n        The miscellaneous folder contains the following: a\n            printed score sheet for archery (July 4, 1771); a list of\n            books, probably from the library of \n             John Baylor [ca. 1800 ?]; notes\n            concerning Blackstone's law; a pamphlet, \"The Lewis and\n            Clark Expedition,\" by \n             Grace Flandrau (n.d.); an oath to \"our\n            Sovereign Lord King George\" (n.d.); and a parochial report,\n             Emmanuel Church, \n             Greenwood Parish, Reverend \n             W.M. Nelson, Rector (n.d.).\n        The newsclippings, 1921-1933, concern \n             University of Virginia events, news of\n            the \n             Ivy area, the \n             Lewis Association of America, the \n             Lewis family, and historical\n            articles.\n        The loose photographs, mostly unidentified, include:\n            Mrs. Rutherford's children, \n             Rosa Rutherford, \n             Charles Frere and \n             Douglas Frere, possible photographs of\n            \" \n             Newmarket, \" and \n             University of Virginia professors.\n        The notebooks and bound volumes series contains the\n            following: a photograph album; school notebooks of \n             Maria Roy Baylor, \n             Frank Blackford, and \n             James B. Baylor; an expense book; two\n            scrapbooks of newsclippings; and the \n            Letters of Junius,hand\n            copied by \n             John Baylor (1769-1771).\n        Those volumes belonging to Dr. \n             John Roy Baylor include: a genealogical\n            and historical notebook (1872); a medical notebook and farm\n            expense book which records a controversy with the \n             Clayton family over slaves (1847-1851); a\n            farm account book, 1856-1892, with accounts with the \n             Fredericksburg Water Power Company, a\n            servant's account (June-August, 1865), and reports of wheat\n            crops; an account book with grape expenses, sheep\n            memorandum, apple accounts, and a mill account (1868-1874);\n            and another farm book with an account with the \n             Bowling Green Tanning Yard, and slave\n            hire records with named slaves (1847-1868).\n        The photograph album, apparently given to \n             John Roy Baylor by his granddaughter on\n            Christmas of 1887, contains photographs of the following: \n             Rosa Seddon Rutherford (1891 \u0026\n            n.d.); \n             Helen Rutherford Johnson; \n             James B. Baylor; \n             Frances Starke Bowen, of \" \n             Mirador, \" \n             Albemarle County (1886); \n             Fanny Courtenay Baylor (1886); the\n            mother of \n             Fanny Courtenay Baylor; a portrait of\n            Colonel \n             George Armistead; \n             Roy Ellerson Massie; General \n             Lewis Armistead (killed at \n             Gettysburg ); \n             Maria Roy Baylor; \n             Eloise Baylor (1885); \n             Julia Howard Baylor; and \n             John Roy Baylor.\n        The series containing the papers of \n             James B. Baylor and the \n             United States Coast and Geodetic\n            Survey consists of the financial records of the\n            survey teams led by \n             John Baylor, circular letters from the\n            home office in \n             Washington, D.C., the official\n            correspondence and reports of \n             John Baylor, photographs, printed\n            material, \n             United States government property\n            inventories, and bound volumes.\n        \n                James Bowen Baylor (1849-1924)\n            graduated with an engineering degree from the \n             University of Virginia in 1872 and was\n            appointed an aid in the \n             United States Coast and Geodetic Survey\n            Department in 1874, continuing to work as a field\n            agent throughout his career. His many assignments included:\n            the determination of the elements of earth's magnetism from\n             Canada to \n             Mexico; the survey of oyster grounds\n            in \n             Louisiana and \n             Virginia, 1889-1894; his appointment\n            as a Commissioner of the \n             United States Supreme Court to settle\n            the \n             Virginia - \n             Tennessee boundary line dispute,\n            establishing it in the middle of Main Street, \n             Bristol, 1900-1902; and also the\n            establishment of boundaries between \n             Virginia and \n             Maryland, \n             New York and \n             Pennsylvania, and the \n             United States and \n             Canada.\n        The Oyster Industry Protection Correspondence contains\n            much correspondence from \n             William Ellinger of \n             Fox Island, Virginia, who describes\n            himself as an oyster planter. Printed material consists of\n            death notices for \n             United States Coast and Geodetic\n            Survey men, \n             Richard D. Cutts and \n             Benjamin Peirce (1880\u0026 1883), and\n            three pamphlets concerning the \n             United States and Canadian boundary,\n            the oyster laws of \n             Virginia, and a \n             Virginia Military Institute valedictory\n            address by \n             Edward Hutson Russell.\n        Oversize items include a survey of the lands of \n             John Roy Baylor (June 1847),\n            photographs of the \n             United States Coast and Geodetic\n            Survey, and a printed plan of the fairgrounds of\n            the \n             Virginia State Agricultural Society, \n             Richmond, 1854.\n        The three \n             Baylor family ledgers, 1719-1755, contain\n            many references to the purchase of slaves (see\n            addendum).","ADDENDUM RE THE BAYLOR LEDGERS\n        The three \n             Baylor family ledgers contain many\n            references concerning tobacco exports, the purchase of\n            merchandise, work done on various ships, and slaves, which\n            at times had their place of origin noted, as in \" \n             Madigaschar woman,\" \"man of \n             Callabar, \" and \" \n             Barbadoes negro.\" The accounts of the\n            first two ledgers are indexed in the front of the\n            volumes.\n        References to slavery occurring in volume one include\n            the following pages: 12, 13, 15, 17, 22-24, 26, 28, 35, 37,\n            39, 47, 49, 64-66, 68, 70-71, 77, 80-81, 83, 92-93,\n            101-102, 113-114, 127, 130, 134, 166, \u0026 175. References\n            to slavery in volume two include: 10, 16, 30, 34, 56,\n            63-64, 74, 86, 88, 102, 115, 123, 134, 183, \u0026 207.\n            Volume three pages include: 40, 71, 124, 130, 132, 135,\n            146, 148, 152-153, \u0026 155.\n        Occasionally the names of the slave ships and other\n            vessels are recorded in the ledgers with notes on the\n            contents purchased from them. These, along with their\n            volume and page number, are listed below.\n        \n                Ann \u0026 Sarah 1.96, 139, 150, \u0026\n            155\n        \n                Berkeley 1.38, 64, 71, 98, 121, 149,\n            \u0026 167; \u0026 2.50\n        \n                Betty 1.94\n        \n                Callabar 1.39, 68, \u0026 98; \u0026\n            2.96, 111, 136\n        \n                Greyhound 1.23, 37, 38, 65, 92, \u0026\n            96; \u0026 2.4, 54, \u0026 97\n        \n                Hunter 1.68\n        \n                Little John 1.9, 10, 12, 25, \u0026 75;\n            \u0026 2.116 \u0026 136\n        \n                Little York 2.124\n        \n                Lucy 1.94 \u0026 149\n        \n                Mattapony Pink 1.9, 33, 94, 99, 135,\n            145, 158, 180, \u0026 185\n        \n                Nassopenex Sloop 1.2, 5, 38, \u0026\n            75\n        \n                Parnel Galley 2.22\n        \n                Prince Eugene 1.139, 150, \u0026\n            162-164\n        \n                Twerton 1.15, 39, 103, \u0026 2.90\n        Other entries include: the Iron Mine Adventurers 1.1\n            \u0026 1.11; horses 1.28; the \n             Germana mines 2.188; \n             John Baylor's estate 2.73 \u0026 131;\n            quitrents for land in \n             Caroline County, \n             Spotsylvania County, \n             Orange County, and \n             King and Queen County 2.34 \u0026 79;\n            and doctor and midwife accounts 3.120-121, 142, \u0026 149.\n            Volume three also has many references to the manufacture\n            and repair of hardware, utensils, and agricultural\n            equipment. In addition, at the end of the last volume,\n            there is a list of memoranda concerning agreements and\n            contracts of \n             John Baylor, a memorandum of slaves\n            sold off \n             W. Lyde's plantation (November 30,\n            1742) and a list of all the Negroes belonging to Baylor in\n            1744."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":66,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:42:26.833Z","scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cscopecontent\u003e\n        \u003chead\u003eScope and Content\u003c/head\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe papers of the \n             Baylor family of \"Newmarket,\" \n             Bowling Green, Caroline County, Virginia, contain ca.\n            2000 items (11 Hollinger boxes, 4.5 linear feet),\n            1653-1915, and consist of correspondence, legal and\n            financial papers, ledgers, genealogical material, students\n            notebooks and bound volumes, scrapbooks, photographs, a\n            diary, literary compositions, military papers pertaining to\n            the Revolutionary War, newsclippings, the records of James Bowen Baylor and the \n             United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, and miscellaneous papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThese papers pertain to John Baylor (1650-1720) of \n             Gloucester County, and King and Queen County, Virginia, and his wife, \n             Lucy Todd O'Brien of New Kent County, Virginia, and four generations of their descendants. The \n             John Baylor ledgers, 1719-1755, reveal that John Baylor was a wealthy merchant,\n            planter, and shipowner. He also served as a burgess, representing Gloucester County in the 1693 General Assembly and King and Queen County in 1718.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eJohn Baylor's son, John Baylor (1705-1772), greatly increased the family landholdings when he received a royal\n            land grant in 1726 in what was to become Caroline County, Virginia. John Baylor was educated in \n             England, at the \n             Putney Grammer School and \n             Caius College, \n             Cambridge. While in \n             England, he developed a keen interest\n            in thoroughbred horses and horse racing, going so far as to\n            name his new home, \" \n             Newmarket, \" for the famous English\n            racing center. He became an important colonial horse\n            importer and breeder whose stables greatly contributed to\n            the development of American thoroughbreds. \n             John Baylor also rendered public\n            service to the newly formed county of \n             Caroline, as a colonel in the county\n            militia and a burgess in 1742-1749, and 1756-1765.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eAll four of the sons of \n             John Baylor (1705-1772) contributed in\n            some way to the American effort during the Revolutionary\n            War. \n             John Baylor (1750-1808), the heir of \" \n             Newmarket, \" while unable to fight due\n            to a childhood injury, gave financial support to the war\n            effort. He later had difficulties in shedding his\n            reputation as a \"Tory\" because he had gone back to \n             England in 1778 to marry his cousin, \n             Frances Norton (1760-1815) and had to\n            live in \n             Europe until they could obtain a return\n            passage to \n             America.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                George Baylor (1752-1784) was a member\n            of the \n             Caroline County Committee of Safety,\n            1775-1776, and from 1775-1777, he was aide-de-camp of\n            General \n             George Washington. He was commanding\n            officer of the \n             3rd Regiment Light Dragoons when he was\n            wounded and captured on September 28, 1778. He was\n            eventually exchanged and his regiment was consolidated with\n            the \n             First Continental Dragoons on November\n            9, 1782, which he commanded until the end of the war. On\n            September 30, 1783, he received his commission as a Brevet\n            Brigadier General.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                Walker Baylor served as a lieutenant\n            and captain of the \n             3rd Regiment Light Dragoons during the\n            Revolution. He along with his other brother \n             Robert Baylor, who also served in the\n            Revolution, immigrated to \n             Kentucky. Later \n             Robert Baylor apparently settled in the\n             Pearl River area of the \n             Mississippi Territory.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe estate of \n             John Baylor (1750-1808) was hopelessly\n            entangled when he inherited it from his father in 1772 and\n            much of it was lost through his own ineptitude as a\n            businessman and the dishonesty of others. However, the\n            house and two thousand acres were entailed and could not be\n            alienated; these were passed on to his son, \n             John Baylor ( ? ), who married \n             Maria Ann Roy and produced Dr. \n             John Roy Baylor (1821-1897). It was Dr.\n             John Roy Baylor's son, Captain \n             James Bowen Baylor (1848-1924), who was\n            a member of the \n             United States Coast and Geodetic\n            Survey team.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe correspondence series contains the correspondence\n            from family members, friends, and business associates of\n            all the above generations of the \n             Baylor family, beginning with Colonel \n             John Baylor (1705-1772). Letters\n            pertaining to the sojourn of \n             John Baylor (1750-1808) in \n             England prior to and during the\n            Revolutionary War include the following: a reference to\n            Colonel \n             John Baylor's son at school in \n             Caius College, \n             Cambridge (August 12,1769); his\n            intentions of returning to the \n             United States (December 28, 1770); the\n            advice of \n             William Bond, a former teacher of \n             John Baylor, for him to seek further\n            educational opportunities upon the continent rather than to\n            return to college studies (July 15, 1773); \n             William Bond's request for \n             John Baylor to ignore \"national evils\"\n            and to visit \n             England (May 4, 1778); \n             John Baylor's trip to \n             England to wed his cousin, \n             Frances Norton (1778); a reference to\n            the Baylor's leaving \n             England, and comments concerning the\n            fashions and decadence of \n             England (May 4, 1779).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eCorrespondence concerning events leading up to and\n            including the Revolutionary War includes: \n             Sam Waterman's support of the Stamp\n            Act repeal and the danger of shipping livestock from \n             London to \n             John Baylor (March 6, 1766); a Mr.\n            Grand's letter refusing to advise \n             John Baylor due to threat of prison\n            (March 28, [1772]): copies of \n             Committee of Correspondence letters to \n             John Norton asking him to keep them\n            informed regarding events in \n             England and Acts of \n             Parliament and his reply (April 6,\n            \u0026amp; July 6, 1773); a recommendation for the Baron of\n            [Bonstetten] who served in the Danish and Prussian Wars\n            (September 27,1777); \n             John Baylor as a prisoner aboard a\n            British ship, Thomas [Thortican], possibly due to suspicion\n            that he was reportedly carrying a treaty between \n             France and the \n             United States (February 5, 1778); the\n            birth of Colonel \n             George Baylor's son (May 6, 1779); \n             Walker Baylor asking his brother to\n            send him some money to cover his expenses incurred in\n            fighting in the Revolution (August 13, 1779); a statement\n            of \n             Edmund Pendleton, the Chairman of the \n             Caroline Committee of Correspondence,\n            regarding the loyalty of \n             John Baylor to the colonial cause,\n            relating that \n             John Baylor supported the actions of\n            the Americans at \n             Lexington, and returned to \n             England only to marry (October 13,\n            1779); the statement of \n             George Baylor regarding the loyalty of\n            his brother evidenced by his opinion of events at \n             Lexington, and his recommendation of\n            Baron de Wolfen in the service of the \n             American Army, and concluding with the\n            explanation that \n             John Baylor did not fight due to a\n            physical infirmity acquired in his youth (October 14,1779);\n             John Wormeley requests \n             John Baylor to use his influence to\n            give him an escort to visit his father in \n             Virginia (August 16, 1782); and a\n            request for \n             George Baylor to help recover money\n            form one of the officers of his regiment for Mr. Alexander\n            (September 3, 1783).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eOther subjects of note include: the tobacco growing and\n            export business (May 8, 1741; March 6, 1766; August 12,\n            1769; February 5, 1778; June 29, 1788; March 10, 1789; June\n            6, 1789; March 15, 1793; \u0026amp; February 5, 1790); iron and\n            forge business (October 11, 1771; \u0026amp; April 13, 1774);\n            horses and horse breeding (\"Sober John\"-October25, 1754;\n            \"Fearnought\"-March 21, 1771; October 30, 1756; March 6,\n            1766; and July 17, 1800); and a discussion about whether\n            the Spanish will allow free trade up the \n             Mississippi River and \n             Ohio River ([December 4], 1783).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eSeveral letters mention slaves and slavery. Among these\n            are: slaves for sale (April 14, 1770; March 21, 1771;\n            September 14, 1771; \u0026amp; June 19, 1811); mention of slave\n            passes, a slave detained on the road for lack of one, and a\n            visit of slaves with the family in \n             Gloucester County, Virginia (July 12,\n            1813); the prices of slaves in the \n             Pearl River area of the \n             Mississippi Territory and prices of\n            hire (November 28, 1816); and a letter from a Quaker, \n             George Boone, of \n             Berks County, Pennsylvania, attempting\n            to verify that \n             James Martin, a black man who claimed\n            to have been born to free parents and wrongly sold as part\n            of Colonel \n             John Baylor's estate, was indeed a\n            free black and not legally owned by \n             Thomas Adams of \n             Orange County, Virginia (August 12,\n            1818).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThere is a group of letters between \n             John Baylor, \n             John Frere, and \n             John Baylor's former teacher in \n             England, \n             William Bond, concerning education for\n            his two sons, \n             John Baylor and \n             George Daniel Baylor. This\n            correspondence sheds some light on the attempts of\n            Americans to educate their sons following the Revolution\n            and includes: a discussion of \n             Eton and \n             Rugby and changes that have occurred at\n             Cambridge (August 17, 1793); a\n            suggestion to try \n             Glasgow in \n             Scotland (March 1, 1796); the\n            possibility of using a tutor (February 27, 1797); terms to\n            secure a tutor from \n             England and his opinion of \n             Eton (October 2, 1797); and a\n            suggestion to use an American clergyman for a tutor (June\n            22, 1799 \u0026amp; June 30, 1800).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eOther subjects mentioned include: the French Revolution\n            (July 2, August 17, and [September 18], 1793); a\n            description of fashions ([September 18], 1793); a\n            description of \n             Warm Springs, \n             Bath County, Virginia (August 26,\n            1805); the career of \n             Napoleon Bonaparte (June 30 \u0026amp; July\n            17, 1800); the settlement of \n             John Baylor's estate (December 26,\n            1801; \u0026amp; January 3, 1804); the \n             Louisiana Purchase (September 17,\n            1803); a woman's viewpoint and thoughts (April 9, 1802);\n            the interdiction of His Majesty's ships from American ports\n            and the War of 1812 (August 29, 1808; March 25, 1812; and\n            July 18, 1813); an excellent discussion of social and\n            economic life in \n             Pearl River, \n             Mississippi Territory (November 28,\n            1816); the financial difficulties of the \n             Baylor family (September 1, 1819; \u0026amp;\n            July 25, 1820); a meteorite falling in \n             Washington, D.C. (March 18, 1821); the\n            celebration in \n             Richmond of the French victory over the\n            Turkish Dey of \n             Algiers (September 13, 1830); the\n            medical studies of \n             John Roy Baylor (January 31, 1842);\n            discussion of \n             George Catlin's book about American\n            Indians and the explorations of \n             John C. Fremont and \n             Charles Wilkes (April 30, 1846); a\n            detailed description of \n             William P. Palmer's trip to \n             Europe (October 30, 1865); and the\n            voyage of Presbyterian missionary \n             E. Lanc[aster] to \n             Rio De Janeiro (August 26, 1869).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eEvents during the Civil War period are represented by\n            the following: \n             William P. Palmer's comments\n            concerning \n             John Brown's raid at \n             Harper's Ferry and the preparations for\n            his hanging (November 22 \u0026amp; December 1, 1859); the\n            struggle for possession of the \n             Fredericksburg Water Power\n            Company (March 17 \u0026amp; November 3, 1863; \u0026amp;\n            September 5, 1865); the building of \n             Confederate stables and cabins for a\n            camp in \n             Louisa near the gold mines of \n             Louisa County's \n             Walnut Grove and \n             Slate Grove, formerly owned by Yankee\n            speculators (December 30, 1863); requests for donations of\n            flour and foodstuffs for soldiers (February 25, 1865); and\n            the assassination of \n             Abraham Lincoln deplored (April 25,\n            1865). Related topics include the mention of seeing \n             Robert E. Lee at \n             White Sulpher Springs, West\n            Virginia (August 17, 1867) and a letter from \n             Henry Stephens Randall declining to\n            visit the Old Dominion until the scars of the Civil War are\n            healed (n.d.).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eOther post-Civil War subjects include: racial tensions\n            (August 11, 1878) and the \n             Richmond riots during which a white\n            policeman was killed in \n             Old Market Hall (March 20, 1870); \n             John Roy Baylor's assurances that his\n            black tenant farmers were not involved in the violence in \n             Caroline County (n.d.); life in \n             St. Louis, Missouri (September \u0026amp;\n            July 3, 1873); a description of a shoot-out in \n             Uvalde County, Texas (May 10, 1881);\n            the black vote during Reconstruction in \n             Virginia (October 28, 1889); mention of\n             Micajah Woods, the \n             University of Virginia, and \n             Monticello (October 21, 1887); and the \n             Richmond, Fredericksburg, \u0026amp; Potomac Railroad\n            Company (March 21, 1873; \u0026amp; May 20, 1881).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eLetters containing genealogical information include the\n            following families: the \n             Norton family (June 22, 1828); \n             Robert Baylor's (August 14, 1828); the\n             Frere family (June 28, 1872 \u0026amp; n.d.);\n            the \n             Roy family (March 21, 1887 \u0026amp; January\n            8, 1885); the \n             Braxton family (April 20, 1810); the \n             Baylor family (February 20, 1895); and\n            the \n             Texas \n                Baylor family (April 28 \u0026amp; May 2,\n            1894).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eFor a list of individual correspondents, please consult\n            the \n             Baylor family sliplist.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe next series of papers contain the legal and\n            financial papers of the \n             Baylor family. These include: the\n            amnesty papers of Dr. \n             John Roy Baylor (1865); land plats and\n            surveys (1701-1841) of \n             Virginia lands in \n             King William County, \n             King and Queen County, \n             Spotsylvania County, \n             Caroline County, \n             Pocahontas County, and \n             Orange County, many of which were done\n            by surveyor, \n             James Taylor; and other legal\n            documents such as indentures, bonds, deeds, land grants,\n            and bills of complaint. Items of special note are: copies\n            of land grants signed by \n             Alexander Spotswood (July 20, 1722) and\n             Hugh Drysdale (July 16, 1726); a list\n            of named slaves sold to \n             John Baylor (December 12, 1751);\n            charges against \n             Philip Easter, overseer for \n             John Baylor, particularly for\n            \"constantly driving of the Negroes for which I paid a great\n            deal of tobacco,\" especially old \n             Sarah, a midwife (ca. 1757); agreement\n            of \n             John Hatley Norton to buy \n             John Baylor's tobacco (December 12,\n            1776); a water lot rental (June 12, 1794); articles of\n            agreement concerning a grist mill in \n             Caroline County (June 18, 1813); the\n            pardon of \n             John Crowley signed by \n             James Madison and \n             James Monroe (September 11, 1815); an\n            indenture of 1820 with named slaves; a schedule of property\n            with a named slave (December 17, 1822); an agreement\n            concerning a mill with \n             P. Harrison as the miller (1831); a\n            certificate of exemption from active service in the \n             Confederate Army as an agriculturalist\n            (November 10, 1864); and a copy of a receipt concerning\n            work done on a gravel pit for the \n             Richmond, Fredericksburg, \u0026amp; Potomac\n            Railroad (June 2, 1870).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThis series also contains copies of the wills of \n             John Baylor (1705-1772), dated February\n            19, 1770, and \n             Frances Baylor (1760-1815), dated June\n            12, 1815, both mentioning family slaves by name.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe financial papers of the \n             Baylor family contain six small account\n            books, 1859-1870, listing payment to hired hands, one of\n            which contains the \n             Tiverton Farm Stockbook (1866); bank\n            statements; a farm book for the \n             Greenwood Farm; \n             John Baylor's receipt book, 1792-1795,\n            which mentions Negroes purchased (December 5, 1790), \n             George Baylor's estate (February 17,\n            1792), and Negroes sold (February 23, 1795); and other\n            miscellaneous financial papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eTopics in the financial papers include the following: an\n            account with \n             Donald Robertson for \n             Robert Baylor and \n             Walker Baylor's schooling (April 1,\n            1772); Colonel Braxton's smith works (April 1736); the \n             Rappahannock River Forge belonging to \n             James Hunter (March 31, 1784); tobacco\n            accounts (1775-1776; 1782; June \u0026amp; August 1782, October\n            2, 1789; February 24, 1784; March 19 \u0026amp; December 11,\n            1875; and n.d.); horses and racing (January 16, 1741; July\n            11, 1777, May 29, 1767; November 15, 1774; April 1, 1756;\n            and list of horses, n.d.); an account for carpenter and\n            house work [1726]; an account with the \n             Swan Tavern (September 23, 1815); the\n            settling of \n             John Baylor's estate (1750-1808)\n            (January 5, 1812; May 29, 1811; October 27, 1812; September\n            10, 1815; October 2, 1819; June 1, 1821; August 3, 1821;\n            and n.d.); medical accounts (April 12, 1830); corn and meal\n            from \n             John Baylor's mill (January 1, 1830);\n            and a blacksmith account (January 1, 1875).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThere are also accounts with the \n             Confederate government (November 14\n            \u0026amp; 24, \u0026amp; December 12, 1863; March 24 \u0026amp; May 3,\n            1864; and February 4, 1865) and many concerning slaves and\n            slavery.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThese include: duty paid on Negroes (1742-1744); claim\n            for payment for capturing and placing \n             John Baylor's runaway slave in the \n             Spotsylvania goal (April 16, 1744); the\n            sale of \n             George Baylor's slaves (November 28,\n            1786); slaves for hire (December 26, 1805; June 15, 1814);\n            hire of \" \n             Ned \" as a mason (October 2, 1814);\n            clothing for Negroes (1814); grog for servants (September\n            23, 1815); bills of sale for unnamed slaves (June 11,\n            1847); \n             Mary and daughter \n             Elizabeth (September 4, 1848); \n             Miles (February 20, 1849); \n             Pompey (June 11, 1847); slave boy, \n             Frank (January 15, 1851); \n             Kitty Brook and \n             Fanny (December 28, 1853); \n             George Cooper (June 18, 1857); and\n            slave hire (April 30, 1859 \u0026amp; ca. 1854).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe miscellaneous series contains a diary (1780) of \n             John Baylor 1750-1808) describing a\n            journey from \" \n             Newmarket \" to \n             Warm Springs, \n             Augusta County, Virginia, and\n            mentioning Dr. \n             [Thomas ?] Walker and his son, \n             Thomas Walker, of \n             Albemarle County, Virginia, and \n             John Baylor's \n             Orange plantations; genealogical\n            material pertaining to the \n             Roy family, \n             Baylor family, and \n             Norton family, and including\n            biographical sketches of \n             Mungo Roy and \n             John Baylor (1750-1808); a \"History of\n            the Early Church in Virginia\"; several literary\n            compositions by \n             Maria Roy Baylor; and a memorandum\n            book of \n             John Baylor (1750-1808) which describes\n            the beginning of his voyage on the Potomack (October 1775)\n            and furnishes a description of saltworks at \n             Portsmouth, [England] (1778).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eOther material in this series includes military papers,\n            miscellaneous papers, newsclippings, and loose photographs.\n            Thirteen of the items in the military papers pertain to\n            Colonel \n             John Baylor (1705-1772) and the \n             Caroline militia, who served under\n            Colonel \n             George Washington in the construction\n            of a fort at \n             Winchester, Virginia, during the\n            French and Indian War, 1756-1757, and consist of company\n            returns, orders for payment, and receipts for payment.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe rest of the military papers consist of Revolutionary\n            War material, relating to \n             George Baylor, aide-de-camp to General\n             George Washington, 1775-1777, and\n            Commander of the \n             Third Regiment of Light Dragoons, and\n            the papers about clothing, arms, and other supplies,\n            regimental finances, roster of officers, and weekly returns\n            of the regiment. Among these papers are: a copy of a letter\n            from General Burgoyne to Colonel Phillipson concerning\n            military conditions and discussing his ill-fated \n             Saratoga campaign (October 20, 1777); a\n            mention of \n             George Baylor's upcoming marriage\n            (February 4, 1778); \n             B. Dade's request to be exchanged as a\n            prisoner of war (February 1779); monies owed for supplies\n            to \n             James Hunter with an itemized account\n            (October 12 \u0026amp; November 1, 1779); the problems and\n            arrangements involved in outfitting the regiment (February\n            4, June 6 \u0026amp; 12, 1778; October 13, 1780; October 26,\n            1781 [2 letters]; November 2, 1781; April 3 \u0026amp; August\n            14, 1782); the difficulty of working with the \"financier \n             Robert Morris \" (October 13, 1780); an\n            outbreak of smallpox in the \n             Third Regiment at \n             Petersburg, Virginia (November 25,\n            1781); and an order for a review of the \n             Continental army for July 4, 1782. A\n            final item is a general order for a discharge from the \n             4th Regiment of \n             Virginia militia during the War of 1812\n            (April 10, 1814). For a list of individual correspondents,\n            please consult the original list in the control folder.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe miscellaneous folder contains the following: a\n            printed score sheet for archery (July 4, 1771); a list of\n            books, probably from the library of \n             John Baylor [ca. 1800 ?]; notes\n            concerning Blackstone's law; a pamphlet, \"The Lewis and\n            Clark Expedition,\" by \n             Grace Flandrau (n.d.); an oath to \"our\n            Sovereign Lord King George\" (n.d.); and a parochial report,\n             Emmanuel Church, \n             Greenwood Parish, Reverend \n             W.M. Nelson, Rector (n.d.).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe newsclippings, 1921-1933, concern \n             University of Virginia events, news of\n            the \n             Ivy area, the \n             Lewis Association of America, the \n             Lewis family, and historical\n            articles.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe loose photographs, mostly unidentified, include:\n            Mrs. Rutherford's children, \n             Rosa Rutherford, \n             Charles Frere and \n             Douglas Frere, possible photographs of\n            \" \n             Newmarket, \" and \n             University of Virginia professors.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe notebooks and bound volumes series contains the\n            following: a photograph album; school notebooks of \n             Maria Roy Baylor, \n             Frank Blackford, and \n             James B. Baylor; an expense book; two\n            scrapbooks of newsclippings; and the \n            \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eLetters of Junius,\u003c/title\u003ehand\n            copied by \n             John Baylor (1769-1771).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThose volumes belonging to Dr. \n             John Roy Baylor include: a genealogical\n            and historical notebook (1872); a medical notebook and farm\n            expense book which records a controversy with the \n             Clayton family over slaves (1847-1851); a\n            farm account book, 1856-1892, with accounts with the \n             Fredericksburg Water Power Company, a\n            servant's account (June-August, 1865), and reports of wheat\n            crops; an account book with grape expenses, sheep\n            memorandum, apple accounts, and a mill account (1868-1874);\n            and another farm book with an account with the \n             Bowling Green Tanning Yard, and slave\n            hire records with named slaves (1847-1868).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe photograph album, apparently given to \n             John Roy Baylor by his granddaughter on\n            Christmas of 1887, contains photographs of the following: \n             Rosa Seddon Rutherford (1891 \u0026amp;\n            n.d.); \n             Helen Rutherford Johnson; \n             James B. Baylor; \n             Frances Starke Bowen, of \" \n             Mirador, \" \n             Albemarle County (1886); \n             Fanny Courtenay Baylor (1886); the\n            mother of \n             Fanny Courtenay Baylor; a portrait of\n            Colonel \n             George Armistead; \n             Roy Ellerson Massie; General \n             Lewis Armistead (killed at \n             Gettysburg ); \n             Maria Roy Baylor; \n             Eloise Baylor (1885); \n             Julia Howard Baylor; and \n             John Roy Baylor.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe series containing the papers of \n             James B. Baylor and the \n             United States Coast and Geodetic\n            Survey consists of the financial records of the\n            survey teams led by \n             John Baylor, circular letters from the\n            home office in \n             Washington, D.C., the official\n            correspondence and reports of \n             John Baylor, photographs, printed\n            material, \n             United States government property\n            inventories, and bound volumes.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                James Bowen Baylor (1849-1924)\n            graduated with an engineering degree from the \n             University of Virginia in 1872 and was\n            appointed an aid in the \n             United States Coast and Geodetic Survey\n            Department in 1874, continuing to work as a field\n            agent throughout his career. His many assignments included:\n            the determination of the elements of earth's magnetism from\n             Canada to \n             Mexico; the survey of oyster grounds\n            in \n             Louisiana and \n             Virginia, 1889-1894; his appointment\n            as a Commissioner of the \n             United States Supreme Court to settle\n            the \n             Virginia - \n             Tennessee boundary line dispute,\n            establishing it in the middle of Main Street, \n             Bristol, 1900-1902; and also the\n            establishment of boundaries between \n             Virginia and \n             Maryland, \n             New York and \n             Pennsylvania, and the \n             United States and \n             Canada.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe Oyster Industry Protection Correspondence contains\n            much correspondence from \n             William Ellinger of \n             Fox Island, Virginia, who describes\n            himself as an oyster planter. Printed material consists of\n            death notices for \n             United States Coast and Geodetic\n            Survey men, \n             Richard D. Cutts and \n             Benjamin Peirce (1880\u0026amp; 1883), and\n            three pamphlets concerning the \n             United States and Canadian boundary,\n            the oyster laws of \n             Virginia, and a \n             Virginia Military Institute valedictory\n            address by \n             Edward Hutson Russell.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eOversize items include a survey of the lands of \n             John Roy Baylor (June 1847),\n            photographs of the \n             United States Coast and Geodetic\n            Survey, and a printed plan of the fairgrounds of\n            the \n             Virginia State Agricultural Society, \n             Richmond, 1854.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe three \n             Baylor family ledgers, 1719-1755, contain\n            many references to the purchase of slaves (see\n            addendum).\u003c/p\u003e\n      \u003c/scopecontent\u003e\n      ","\u003cscopecontent\u003e\n        \u003chead\u003eADDENDUM RE THE BAYLOR LEDGERS\u003c/head\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe three \n             Baylor family ledgers contain many\n            references concerning tobacco exports, the purchase of\n            merchandise, work done on various ships, and slaves, which\n            at times had their place of origin noted, as in \" \n             Madigaschar woman,\" \"man of \n             Callabar, \" and \" \n             Barbadoes negro.\" The accounts of the\n            first two ledgers are indexed in the front of the\n            volumes.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eReferences to slavery occurring in volume one include\n            the following pages: 12, 13, 15, 17, 22-24, 26, 28, 35, 37,\n            39, 47, 49, 64-66, 68, 70-71, 77, 80-81, 83, 92-93,\n            101-102, 113-114, 127, 130, 134, 166, \u0026amp; 175. References\n            to slavery in volume two include: 10, 16, 30, 34, 56,\n            63-64, 74, 86, 88, 102, 115, 123, 134, 183, \u0026amp; 207.\n            Volume three pages include: 40, 71, 124, 130, 132, 135,\n            146, 148, 152-153, \u0026amp; 155.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eOccasionally the names of the slave ships and other\n            vessels are recorded in the ledgers with notes on the\n            contents purchased from them. These, along with their\n            volume and page number, are listed below.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                Ann \u0026amp; Sarah 1.96, 139, 150, \u0026amp;\n            155\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                Berkeley 1.38, 64, 71, 98, 121, 149,\n            \u0026amp; 167; \u0026amp; 2.50\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                Betty 1.94\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                Callabar 1.39, 68, \u0026amp; 98; \u0026amp;\n            2.96, 111, 136\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                Greyhound 1.23, 37, 38, 65, 92, \u0026amp;\n            96; \u0026amp; 2.4, 54, \u0026amp; 97\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                Hunter 1.68\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                Little John 1.9, 10, 12, 25, \u0026amp; 75;\n            \u0026amp; 2.116 \u0026amp; 136\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                Little York 2.124\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                Lucy 1.94 \u0026amp; 149\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                Mattapony Pink 1.9, 33, 94, 99, 135,\n            145, 158, 180, \u0026amp; 185\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                Nassopenex Sloop 1.2, 5, 38, \u0026amp;\n            75\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                Parnel Galley 2.22\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                Prince Eugene 1.139, 150, \u0026amp;\n            162-164\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\n                Twerton 1.15, 39, 103, \u0026amp; 2.90\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eOther entries include: the Iron Mine Adventurers 1.1\n            \u0026amp; 1.11; horses 1.28; the \n             Germana mines 2.188; \n             John Baylor's estate 2.73 \u0026amp; 131;\n            quitrents for land in \n             Caroline County, \n             Spotsylvania County, \n             Orange County, and \n             King and Queen County 2.34 \u0026amp; 79;\n            and doctor and midwife accounts 3.120-121, 142, \u0026amp; 149.\n            Volume three also has many references to the manufacture\n            and repair of hardware, utensils, and agricultural\n            equipment. In addition, at the end of the last volume,\n            there is a list of memoranda concerning agreements and\n            contracts of \n             John Baylor, a memorandum of slaves\n            sold off \n             W. Lyde's plantation (November 30,\n            1742) and a list of all the Negroes belonging to Baylor in\n            1744.\u003c/p\u003e\n      \u003c/scopecontent\u003e\n    "]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00032_c02_c03"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9212_c01_c03_c04_c03","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Letter, 1700","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9212_c01_c03_c04_c03#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eGeorge William, Duke of Brunswick-Luneberg, at citadel at Cel, to King William III Reaffirms thanks given by Baron de Schuz for sending the auxiliary troops and for ending the war and restoring peace to the area; will promote the interests of the king. In Latin. 2 pp. LS. Includes translation (1 p.) by Julian Ward Jones, Jr., Prof. of Classical Studies, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9212_c01_c03_c04_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9212_c01_c03_c04_c03","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9212_c01_c03_c04_c03"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9212_c01_c03_c04_c03","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9212","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9212","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9212_c01_c03_c04","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9212_c01_c03_c04","parent_ssim":["Thomas G. and Louise Rowe Pullen Collection, 1655/1791","Series 1: Pullen Collection (Mss. 65 P96), 1655/1791","Box 3, 1694/1791","Folder 4, 1700/1709"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9212","viw_repositories_2_resources_9212_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_9212_c01_c03","viw_repositories_2_resources_9212_c01_c03_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Letter","title_ssm":["Letter"],"title_tesim":["Letter"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Letter, 1700"],"text":["Letter, 1700","Thomas G. and Louise Rowe Pullen Collection, 1655/1791","Series 1: Pullen Collection (Mss. 65 P96), 1655/1791","Box 3, 1694/1791","Folder 4, 1700/1709","Box 3","Folder 4","George William, Duke of Brunswick-Luneberg, at citadel at Cel, to King William III Reaffirms thanks given by Baron de Schuz for sending the auxiliary troops and for ending the war and restoring peace to the area; will promote the interests of the king. In Latin. 2 pp. LS. Includes translation (1 p.) by Julian Ward Jones, Jr., Prof. of Classical Studies, College of William and Mary."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Thomas G. and Louise Rowe Pullen Collection, 1655/1791","Series 1: Pullen Collection (Mss. 65 P96), 1655/1791","Box 3, 1694/1791","Folder 4, 1700/1709"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Thomas G. and Louise Rowe Pullen Collection, 1655/1791","Series 1: Pullen Collection (Mss. 65 P96), 1655/1791","Box 3, 1694/1791","Folder 4, 1700/1709"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1700"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1700 September 14"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[4],"sort_isi":136,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas G. and Louise Rowe Pullen Collection, 1655/1791"],"containers_ssim":["Box 3","Folder 4"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1700],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge William, Duke of Brunswick-Luneberg, at citadel at Cel, to King William III Reaffirms thanks given by Baron de Schuz for sending the auxiliary troops and for ending the war and restoring peace to the area; will promote the interests of the king. In Latin. 2 pp. LS. Includes translation (1 p.) by Julian Ward Jones, Jr., Prof. of Classical Studies, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["George William, Duke of Brunswick-Luneberg, at citadel at Cel, to King William III Reaffirms thanks given by Baron de Schuz for sending the auxiliary troops and for ending the war and restoring peace to the area; will promote the interests of the king. In Latin. 2 pp. LS. Includes translation (1 p.) by Julian Ward Jones, Jr., Prof. of Classical Studies, College of William and Mary."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2/components#3/components#2","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:52:27.031Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9212","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9212","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9212","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9212","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9212.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Pullen, Thomas G. and Louise Rowe, Collection","title_ssm":["Thomas G. and Louise Rowe Pullen Collection"],"title_tesim":["Thomas G. and Louise Rowe Pullen Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1655-1791"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1655-1791"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1655/1791"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas G. and Louise Rowe Pullen Collection, 1655/1791"],"text":["Thomas G. and Louise Rowe Pullen Collection, 1655/1791","Mss. 65 P96","/repositories/2/resources/9212","Great Britain--History--1660-1714","Great Britain--History--1689-1714","Great Britain--History--James II, 1685-1688","Great Britain--History--Revolution of 1688","Great Britain--History--Stuarts, 1603-1714","Certificates","Correspondence","Financial records","Indentures","Receipts (financial records)","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Chronological.","Thomas G. Pullen, Jr. served as superintendent of education in Maryland and as president of the University of Baltimore. He apparently served in the friaries in World War I. He was a member of the William \u0026 Mary class of 1917.","Accessions received from 1965 to 1980 were combined during processing and are all contained in Mss. 65 P96.","Collection of documents, 1655-1791, most of which relate to King William III and Queen Mary II of England. Includes correspondence of and warrants signed by William III; letter of Mary II; documents signed by Sir Christopher Wren; documents written by Samuel Pepys; order signed by James II; letter of Leopold, Emperor of Germany; engravings of William III; and a printed announcement of the ascension of William and Mary to the throne of England. Some documents are in French and Latin but some include transcriptions and translations. The Pepys documents which are in shorthand include transcriptions. Some documents available in transcript. The collection was a gift of Thomas G. Pullen and Louise Rowe Pullen, and purchases from various sources.","Oversize box (Acc. 1989.14) contains 1688/89 Dutch satirical broadside entitled, \"Arlequin Deodat, et Pamirge Hypochondriaques,\" depicting King James II, King William III and King Louis XIV, with four columns of verse, the first two in French and the latter two in English.  It is a variant of 1689 broadside.  16.25\u0026quot; x 22.5\u0026quot;.","Addition 2008.312: Payment request to the Treasury to pay \"To the Treasurer of the Ordnance...3000,\" \"...of the Navy for the Vicheallors...3000,\" Queen Dowager in part of her Quarter on such War. as you shall receive from their...1500,\" and \"To the Earle of Rarelagh for the ....1500.\" Written by a secretary but signed by William III.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Mary II, Queen of England, 1662-1694","Pullen, Louise Rowe","William III, King of England, 1650-1702","English\n      French\n      Dutch; Flemish\n      Latin"],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas G. and Louise Rowe Pullen Collection, 1655/1791"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas G. and Louise Rowe Pullen Collection, 1655/1791"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 65 P96","/repositories/2/resources/9212"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 65 P96","/repositories/2/resources/9212"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Mary II, Queen of England, 1662-1694","Pullen, Louise Rowe","William III, King of England, 1650-1702"],"creator_ssim":["Mary II, Queen of England, 1662-1694","Pullen, Louise Rowe","William III, King of England, 1650-1702"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mary II, Queen of England, 1662-1694","Pullen, Louise Rowe","William III, King of England, 1650-1702"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Mary II, Queen of England, 1662-1694","Pullen, Louise Rowe","William III, King of England, 1650-1702","Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of 144 items by Dr. and Mrs. Thomas G. and Louise Rowe Pullen between 1965 and 1978; purchase of 4 items from Sotheby's on June 11, 1988; purchase of 1 item from Robert Maccubbin on February 5, 1994; purchase of 2 items from Christopher Edwards on March 24, 1994; and gift of 1 item by Robert B. Sigafoes on February 13, 1996."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Great Britain--History--1660-1714","Great Britain--History--1689-1714","Great Britain--History--James II, 1685-1688","Great Britain--History--Revolution of 1688","Great Britain--History--Stuarts, 1603-1714","Certificates","Correspondence","Financial records","Indentures","Receipts (financial records)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Great Britain--History--1660-1714","Great Britain--History--1689-1714","Great Britain--History--James II, 1685-1688","Great Britain--History--Revolution of 1688","Great Britain--History--Stuarts, 1603-1714","Certificates","Correspondence","Financial records","Indentures","Receipts (financial records)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Certificates","Correspondence","Financial records","Indentures","Receipts (financial records)"],"date_range_isim":[1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas G. Pullen, Jr. served as superintendent of education in Maryland and as president of the University of Baltimore. He apparently served in the friaries in World War I. He was a member of the William \u0026amp; Mary class of 1917.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas G. Pullen, Jr. served as superintendent of education in Maryland and as president of the University of Baltimore. He apparently served in the friaries in World War I. He was a member of the William \u0026 Mary class of 1917."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas G. and Louise Rowe Pullen Collection, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Thomas G. and Louise Rowe Pullen Collection, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccessions received from 1965 to 1980 were combined during processing and are all contained in Mss. 65 P96.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accessions received from 1965 to 1980 were combined during processing and are all contained in Mss. 65 P96."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection of documents, 1655-1791, most of which relate to King William III and Queen Mary II of England. Includes correspondence of and warrants signed by William III; letter of Mary II; documents signed by Sir Christopher Wren; documents written by Samuel Pepys; order signed by James II; letter of Leopold, Emperor of Germany; engravings of William III; and a printed announcement of the ascension of William and Mary to the throne of England. Some documents are in French and Latin but some include transcriptions and translations. The Pepys documents which are in shorthand include transcriptions. Some documents available in transcript. The collection was a gift of Thomas G. Pullen and Louise Rowe Pullen, and purchases from various sources.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOversize box (Acc. 1989.14) contains 1688/89 Dutch satirical broadside entitled, \"Arlequin Deodat, et Pamirge Hypochondriaques,\" depicting King James II, King William III and King Louis XIV, with four columns of verse, the first two in French and the latter two in English.  It is a variant of 1689 broadside.  16.25\u0026amp;quot; x 22.5\u0026amp;quot;.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAddition 2008.312: Payment request to the Treasury to pay \"To the Treasurer of the Ordnance...3000,\" \"...of the Navy for the Vicheallors...3000,\" Queen Dowager in part of her Quarter on such War. as you shall receive from their...1500,\" and \"To the Earle of Rarelagh for the ....1500.\" Written by a secretary but signed by William III.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection of documents, 1655-1791, most of which relate to King William III and Queen Mary II of England. Includes correspondence of and warrants signed by William III; letter of Mary II; documents signed by Sir Christopher Wren; documents written by Samuel Pepys; order signed by James II; letter of Leopold, Emperor of Germany; engravings of William III; and a printed announcement of the ascension of William and Mary to the throne of England. Some documents are in French and Latin but some include transcriptions and translations. The Pepys documents which are in shorthand include transcriptions. Some documents available in transcript. The collection was a gift of Thomas G. Pullen and Louise Rowe Pullen, and purchases from various sources.","Oversize box (Acc. 1989.14) contains 1688/89 Dutch satirical broadside entitled, \"Arlequin Deodat, et Pamirge Hypochondriaques,\" depicting King James II, King William III and King Louis XIV, with four columns of verse, the first two in French and the latter two in English.  It is a variant of 1689 broadside.  16.25\u0026quot; x 22.5\u0026quot;.","Addition 2008.312: Payment request to the Treasury to pay \"To the Treasurer of the Ordnance...3000,\" \"...of the Navy for the Vicheallors...3000,\" Queen Dowager in part of her Quarter on such War. as you shall receive from their...1500,\" and \"To the Earle of Rarelagh for the ....1500.\" Written by a secretary but signed by William III."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Mary II, Queen of England, 1662-1694","Pullen, Louise Rowe","William III, King of England, 1650-1702"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Mary II, Queen of England, 1662-1694","Pullen, Louise Rowe","William III, King of England, 1650-1702"],"language_ssim":["English\n      French\n      Dutch; Flemish\n      Latin"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":214,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:52:27.031Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9212_c01_c03_c04_c03"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c18_c01","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Letterbook, letters, newspaper articles, legal documents, plats and surveys, 1685/1805","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c18_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Peter, wife of Robert Peter. Made by Walter Gibson Peter [Note: Some loose pages]\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c18_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c18_c01","ref_ssm":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c18_c01"],"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c18_c01","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c18","parent_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c18","parent_ssim":["Peter family papers, 1722/1932","Series 18. Letterbooks, Notebooks, and Bound Volumes, 1685/1932"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40","vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c18"],"title_filing_ssi":"Letterbook, letters, newspaper articles, legal documents, plats and surveys","title_ssm":["Letterbook, letters, newspaper articles, legal documents, plats and surveys"],"title_tesim":["Letterbook, letters, newspaper articles, legal documents, plats and surveys"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Letterbook, letters, newspaper articles, legal documents, plats and surveys, 1685/1805"],"text":["Letterbook, letters, newspaper articles, legal documents, plats and surveys, 1685/1805","Peter family papers, 1722/1932","Series 18. Letterbooks, Notebooks, and Bound Volumes, 1685/1932","box 35","Elizabeth Peter, wife of Robert Peter. Made by Walter Gibson Peter [Note: Some loose pages]"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Peter family papers, 1722/1932","Series 18. Letterbooks, Notebooks, and Bound Volumes, 1685/1932"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Peter family papers, 1722/1932","Series 18. Letterbooks, Notebooks, and Bound Volumes, 1685/1932"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1685/1805"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1685-1805"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":800,"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"collection_ssim":["Peter family papers, 1722/1932"],"containers_ssim":["box 35"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"date_range_isim":[1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Peter, wife of Robert Peter. Made by Walter Gibson Peter [Note: Some loose pages]\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Elizabeth Peter, wife of Robert Peter. Made by Walter Gibson Peter [Note: Some loose pages]"],"_nest_path_":"/components#17/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:25:13.167Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_40.xml","title_ssm":["Peter family papers"],"title_tesim":["Peter family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1772-1932"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1772-1932"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1722/1932"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Peter family papers, 1722/1932"],"text":["Peter family papers, 1722/1932","RM.1186","/repositories/3/resources/40","This collection is arranged in the following series and subseries. Within each series, materials are generally separated by format and listed chronologically, with undated materials listed last.","Series 1. Papers of George Washington\nSeries 2. Papers of Tobias Lear\nSeries 3. Miscellaneous\nSeries 4. Papers of Martha Washington\nSeries 5. Papers of Eliza Parke Custis Law\nSeries 6. Papers of Thomas Law: Subseries 6.1. Legal Documents, Subseries 6.2. Correspondence\nSeries 7. Papers of William Costin\nSeries 8. Papers of John Law\nSeries 9. Papers of Lloyd Nicholas Rogers\nSeries 10. Papers of Edmund Law Rogers\nSeries 11. Papers of Robert Peter: Subseries 11.1. Accounts, Subseries 11.2. Financial Documents, Subseries 11.3. Legal Documents, Subseries 11.4. Land Documents, Subseries 11.5. Estate Documents\nSeries 12. Papers of Thomas Peter: Subseries 12.1. Financial Documents, Subseries 12.2. Land Documents, Subseries 12.3. Estate Documents, Subseries 12.4. Correspondence\nSeries 13. Papers of Britannia W. Peter Kennon, 1824-1909: Subseries 13.1. Financial Documents, Subseries 13.2. Legal Documents, Subseries 13.3. Correspondence","The Peters were a prominent family in Washington, D.C. during the eighteenth and nineteen centuries. Martha Parke Custis, Martha Washington's granddaughter, married into the Peter family in 1795.","George Washington (1732-1799): George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 at a modest farm in Westmoreland County, Virginia to parents Augustine and Mary Ball Washington. In 1749, George Washington was appointed surveyor for Culpepper County. In 1752, he started his military career in the Virginia militia. During the Revolutionary War he was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army and later was elected as the first President of the United States of America. He lived with his wife, Martha Washington, at Mount Vernon, where he passed away December 14, 1799.","Martha Washington (1731-1802): Martha Dandridge Custis Washington was born on June 2, 1731 to parents John and Frances Jones Dandridge. She married her first husband, Daniel Parke Custis, on May 15, 1750. Together they had four children, two of whom died in childhood. On July 8, 1757, her husband unexpectedly died, leaving her a widow with their two remaining children, John Parke Custis and Martha Parke Custis. On January 6, 1759, Martha Dandridge Custis married George Washington. Martha Parke Custis or Patsy, died at the age of 17. On February 3, 1774, John Parke Custis married Eleanor Calvert, and together they had four children who survived to adulthood. However, on November 5, 1781, John Parke Custis passed away, and the younger two of his children went to live at Mount Vernon with their grandmother. Martha Dandridge Custis Washington died on May 22, 1802.","Tobias Lear (1762-1816): Tobias Lear was born in 1762. He was employed by George Washington in 1786 to manage expense reports to Congress and also as the personal tutor to Martha Washington's grandchildren. In 1790 Tobias Lear married Mary \"Polly\" Long; however she died in 1793. Lear then married Martha Washington's niece, Frances Bassett Washington, but she died shortly they were married. Lear married for a third time to Frances Dandridge Henley, another niece of Martha Washington. He died in 1816.","Elizabeth (Betsy, Beth, Eliza) Parke Custis Law (1776-1831): Wife to Thomas Law, Eliza Parke Custis Law was born on August 21, 1776. She was the daughter of John (Jacky) Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Calvert. Upon the death of her father in 1781, Eliza's two younger siblings, George Washington (Washy) Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Parke Custis went to live with their grandmother, Martha Washington, and her second husband, George Washington. Eliza and her other sister Martha stayed at home with their mother. Shortly after, their mother remarried Dr. David Stuart and had thirteen more children. On March 21, 1796, Eliza Parke Custis Law married Thomas Law and together they had one child, Eliza Law. In 1804, the couple separated and their daughter went to live with her father. They officially divorced in 1811. Eliza Parke Custis Law lived with one of her uncles for a time after the separation, and soon purchased a house in Alexandria called \"Mount Washington.\" Eliza Law Rogers died in 1822, leaving behind a husband (Lloyd Nicholas Rogers) and two children. Eliza Parke Custis Law died on December 31, 1831.","Thomas Law (1756-1834): Thomas Law was born on October 23, 1756 in Cambridge, England. He started his career working for the East India Trading Company and began building his reputation, as well as his income. In 1794, he left England to start a new life in America where he began to invest in lands, particularly in the nation's capital. Over time, Law became extremely passionate about the arts, particularly poetry, which he wrote and published. He even founded the first dance society, theater, and the Columbian Institute for the Promotion of Arts and Sciences. Thomas Law married Eliza Parke Custis on March 21, 1796. Together they had one child, Eliza Law, who married Lloyd Nicholls Rogers in 1817. Thomas Law died in 1834.","William Costin (1780-1842): William Costin was a prominent free black man in early 19th-century Washington DC. He was a messenger for the Bank of Washington and ran a hack business in the city. In 1800, he married his cousin Philadelphia (\"Delphy\"), a dower slave of Martha Washington. Upon Martha Washington's death in 1802, Delphy became the property of Eliza Parke Custis Law, wife to Thomas Law. Delphy and their children were granted freedom shortly after, and the couple decided to stay in Washington, D.C. Together the Costins had seven children. He died in 1842.","John Law (1784-1822): John Law was born in India about 1784 to Thomas Law and an unidentified Indian woman. In 1794 Thomas Law came to America after living about two decades in India; presumably John and his brothers came with him. Thomas Law married Eliza Parke Custis in 1796 and raised the boys until their separation around 1804. John Law graduated from Harvard University in 1804; he was a member of the Columbian Dragoons in 1811; and was the commissioner to adjust the Yazoo claims in 1814. He died on October 4, 1822.","Lloyd Nicholas Rogers (1787 or 1788-1860): Lloyd Nicholas Rogers was born on September 20, 1788 to parents Nicholas and Eleanor Buchanan Rogers. Lloyd Nicholas Rogers married Eliza Law Rogers in 1817. Together they had two children, Edmund Law Rogers and Eleanor Agnes Rogers. They lived on Druid Hill which had been passed down by Lloyd's Scottish father. Very shortly after the death of Lloyd's father in 1822, Eliza also died. In 1829, Rogers was married to Hortensia Monroe Hay who was the granddaughter of James Monroe. Together, they had an additional three daughters, Harriet, Hortensia, and Mary Custis. Lloyd was a proprietor of his estate and practiced law out of his home on Druid Hill. Hortensia died in the 1850s, leaving Lloyd all alone. All of his children except for Eleanor had already married and moved out. Eleanor would not marry until 1862, following her father's death. Lloyd Nicholas Rogers died on November 12, 1860.","Edmund Law Rogers (1818-1896): Edmund Law Rogers was born in 1818 to Lloyd Nicholas Rogers and Eliza Law Rogers. He grew up and lived in Baltimore all of his life, and was a founding member of the Maryland and Harvard Club, as well as a member of various other organizations, such as, the Sons of the Revolution and the Baltimore Historical Society. He spoke several different languages and was a lover of the arts. He married Charlotte Matilda Plater and together they had two children, Edmund Law Rogers, Jr., and Charlotte Plater Rogers. He died of paralysis on January 24, 1896.","Robert Peter (1726-1806): Robert Peter was born in 1726 in Scotland to Thomas Peter and Jean Dunlop, who were prosperous merchants. He immigrated to the United States around 1745, but there is no definite reason why he chose to leave. He first settled in the town, Bladensburg, along the Anacostia River. In 1751, Georgetown was established, and Robert purchased a lot in the town the following year, and slowly began to build up his land holdings. His land holdings grew to be quite extensive, including owning the entire square from M, K, and 31st Streets, and Wisconsin Ave. From 1789 to 1798, Robert Peter was the first mayor of Georgetown. On December 27, 1767, he married Elizabeth Scott, and together they had 10 children, one of whom died as an infant. Their names were: Thomas, Alexander, Elizabeth, Walter, Robert, Jean, Margaret, David, George, and James. He died in 1806.","Thomas Peter (1769-1834): Thomas Peter was born January 4, 1769 to Robert and Elizabeth Scott Peter. Thomas Peter married Martha Parke Custis, granddaughter to Martha Washington, in 1795. Together, they had eight children. Martha Eliza Eleanor, Columbia Washington, John Parke Custis, Robert Thomas, George Washington, America Pinckney, Martha Custis Castania (who died young), and Britannia Wellington. In 1805, Thomas and Martha purchased eight-and-a-half acres in \"Georgetown Heights.\" [For more information on Tudor Place, see Tudor Place: Historic House and Gardens.] They later hired architect Dr. William Thornton to design and build Tudor Place located in Georgetown. It was completed in 1816 and still stands today. Thomas Peter was a prominent lawyer of the time and was one of the executors of Martha Washington's will. He died April 16, 1834.","Martha (Patty) Parke Custis Peter (1777-1854): was born to John Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Calvert Custis on December 31, 1777. She was one of four children in their family to survive to adulthood: Eliza Parke, Martha Parke, Eleanor Parke (Nelly), and George Washington (Washy) Parke. Following the death of their father in 1781, Patty and her older sister, Eliza, lived with their mother and stepfather, Dr. David Stuart, and their large family, while their younger siblings, Nelly and Washy, lived with their grandparents at Mount Vernon. There were frequent visits to Mount Vernon in both childhood and following her marriage to Thomas Peter in 1795. She died July 13 or 15, 1854.","Britannia Wellington Peter Kennon (1815-1911): Britannia Wellington Peter was born January 28, 1815, as the youngest child of Martha Parke (Patty) Custis Peter and Thomas Peter. In 1842, she married Commodore Beverley Kennon, and together they had one child, Martha Custis Kennon, on October 18, 1843. Commodore Kennon died from a gun explosion on the frigate Princeton on February 28, 1844. Martha Custis Kennon married Dr. Armistead Peter in 1867. When Britannia Wellington Peter Kennon's mother passed in 1854, she inherited Tudor Place, where she lived until her death in 1911.","Major George Peter (1779-1861): Major George W. Peter was born on September 28, 1779 to Robert and Elizabeth Scott Peter. He was married three times during his life. First, to Ann Plater in 1809. Together they had two children, George and Thomas. His wife and two children all died in 1814. Secondly, in 1815 he married Agnes Buchanon Freeland. They had five children, Robert, Ann, James, Agnes, and David. Agnes, his wife, died in 1825. Only a month later, he again married, this time to Sarah Norfleet Freeland, the sister of his second wife. Together, they had nine children: Sarah Agnes, George, Alexander Scott, Margaret Dick, Elizabeth, Armistead, Walter Gibson, William, and Katherine Norfleet. Major George Peter was an officer in the army, a representative in Congress, and a farmer. During his career in the army, he was first appointed first lieutenant 2nd, Artillery and Engineers on February 16, 1801. He was promoted to Captain on November 3, 1807, and finally was transferred to the Light Artillery in May of 1808. He resigned in June 11, 1809. In 1815, he was elected to Congress to cover the sixth district in Maryland. He would continue this appointment until after 1828. He died June 22, 1861.","Dr. Armistead Peter (1840-1902): Dr. Armistead Peter was one of George Peter's sons from his third marriage to Sarah Norfleet Freeland Peter. He was born on February 23, 1840. Dr. Armistead Peter was a cousin to his wife Martha Custis Kennon Peter, whom he married in 1867. Together, Martha and Armistead had five children: Walter Gibson, Armistead, Beverley Kennon, George Freeland, and Agnes. He and Martha Custis Kennon Peter both moved into Tudor Place and Dr. Armistead Peter converted a portion of the house for his medical practice. He created a very successful business as one of the best doctors in the city of Washington. During the Civil War he was employed by the U.S. Army as ward surgeon, as well as serving in a smallpox hospital. Martha Custis Kennon Peter died suddenly in 1886. Armistead died in 1902, his mother-in-law, Britannia W. Peter Kennon outliving both of them. The land in Bethesda was divided between their four children. After Britannia W. Peter Kennon died, the house was left to her grandson, Armistead Peter II. Dr. Armistead Peter died on January 28, 1902.","Agnes Peter (1880-1957): Agnes Peter, born on February 3, 1880, was the daughter of Dr. Armistead Peter and Martha Custis Kennon Peter. She lived in France for a period of time during WWI conducting work for the YMCA. Agnes Peter was the director of a Foyer du Soldat and helped to receive soldiers and refugees. She was also in charge of the Graves Registration Section in Rheims. She was the first woman in France to be awarded the silver Medal of Honor for her distinguished services to the country during the war. In 1946, when she was 73, she married Nobel Prize winner, Dr. John R. Mott, who is most acclaimed for his work creating international Christian programs with a goal to establish peace. She died in 1957.","Peter family owned books are cataloged in the Library Catalog. The 23 titles (36 volumes) are searchable in the\nthe Catalog's Peter Family Collection.","This collection consists of papers collected by various members of the Peter families. It includes letters from George Washington, letters of condolence to Martha Washington after George Washington's death, estate documents, Major George Peter's military papers, land plats and surveys, photo albums, letterbooks, and notebooks that tell of the life of this prominent family in Virginia and the City of Washington.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Rogers, Lloyd Nicholas, approximately 1788-1860","Rogers, Edmund Law","Peter, Robert, 1726-1806","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Peter, Armistead, 1840-1902","Peter, Agnes, 1840-1902","Mercereau, John, 1732-1820","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Adams, Abigail, 1744-1818","Pinckney, Mary Stead, approximately 1751-1812","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Boudinot, Elias, 1740-1821","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Miller, Samuel, 1769-1850","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Varick, Richard, 1753-1831","Sedgwick, Theodore, 1746-1813","Rogers, William, 1751-1824","Stuart, Gilbert, 1755-1828","Atherton, Charles H.  (Charles Humphrey), 1773-1853","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849","Kemp, James, 1764-1827","Wadsworth, Peleg, 1748-1829","Blair, John D.  (John Durbarrow), 1759-1823","Griffith, William, 1766-1826","Le Mayeur, Jean Pierre","Sinclair, John, Sir, 1754-1835","Rogers, Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, 1797-1822","Bernard, Simon, 1779-1839","Ringgold, Tench","Lovering, William (Architect)","Scott, Gustavus, 1753-1800","Thornton, William, 1759-1828","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Law, Edmund, 1790-1829","Decatur, Susan Wheeler","Hay, George, 1765-1830","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","De Kalb, Johann, 1721-1780","Elgar, Joseph","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Anderson, John","Stuart, David, 1753-1814","Dearborn, Henry, 1751-1829","Smith, George (Blacksmith)","Lear, Benjamin L. (Benjamin Lincoln), 1792-1832","Peter, George Washington, 1801-1877","Maltitz, Apollonius August von, 1795-1870","Quincy, Josiah, 1772-1864","Stabler, Edward, 1769-1831","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Kennon, Beverley, 1793-1844","Peter, Martha Custis Kennon, 1843-1886","Peter, Walter G.  (Walter Gibson), 1868-1945","Peter, Armistead, 1870-1960","Peter, George Freeland, 1875–1953","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Peter, Walter Gibson, 1842-1863","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Taney, Roger Brooke, 1777-1864","Delaplaine, Joseph, 1777-1824","Bunting, Charles","Key, Philip Barton, 1757-1815","Hanson, Alexander Contee, 1786-1819","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Peter family papers, 1722/1932"],"collection_ssim":["Peter family papers, 1722/1932"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RM.1186","/repositories/3/resources/40"],"unitid_tesim":["RM.1186","/repositories/3/resources/40"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Washington, George, 1732-1799","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Rogers, Lloyd Nicholas, approximately 1788-1860","Rogers, Edmund Law","Peter, Robert, 1726-1806","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Peter, Armistead, 1840-1902","Peter, Agnes, 1840-1902"],"creator_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Rogers, Lloyd Nicholas, approximately 1788-1860","Rogers, Edmund Law","Peter, Robert, 1726-1806","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Peter, Armistead, 1840-1902","Peter, Agnes, 1840-1902"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Rogers, Lloyd Nicholas, approximately 1788-1860","Rogers, Edmund Law","Peter, Robert, 1726-1806","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Peter, Armistead, 1840-1902","Peter, Agnes, 1840-1902","Mercereau, John, 1732-1820","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Adams, Abigail, 1744-1818","Pinckney, Mary Stead, approximately 1751-1812","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Boudinot, Elias, 1740-1821","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Miller, Samuel, 1769-1850","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Varick, Richard, 1753-1831","Sedgwick, Theodore, 1746-1813","Rogers, William, 1751-1824","Stuart, Gilbert, 1755-1828","Atherton, Charles H.  (Charles Humphrey), 1773-1853","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849","Kemp, James, 1764-1827","Wadsworth, Peleg, 1748-1829","Blair, John D.  (John Durbarrow), 1759-1823","Griffith, William, 1766-1826","Le Mayeur, Jean Pierre","Sinclair, John, Sir, 1754-1835","Rogers, Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, 1797-1822","Bernard, Simon, 1779-1839","Ringgold, Tench","Lovering, William (Architect)","Scott, Gustavus, 1753-1800","Thornton, William, 1759-1828","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Law, Edmund, 1790-1829","Decatur, Susan Wheeler","Hay, George, 1765-1830","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","De Kalb, Johann, 1721-1780","Elgar, Joseph","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Anderson, John","Stuart, David, 1753-1814","Dearborn, Henry, 1751-1829","Smith, George (Blacksmith)","Lear, Benjamin L. (Benjamin Lincoln), 1792-1832","Peter, George Washington, 1801-1877","Maltitz, Apollonius August von, 1795-1870","Quincy, Josiah, 1772-1864","Stabler, Edward, 1769-1831","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Kennon, Beverley, 1793-1844","Peter, Martha Custis Kennon, 1843-1886","Peter, Walter G.  (Walter Gibson), 1868-1945","Peter, Armistead, 1870-1960","Peter, George Freeland, 1875–1953","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Peter, Walter Gibson, 1842-1863","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Taney, Roger Brooke, 1777-1864","Delaplaine, Joseph, 1777-1824","Bunting, Charles","Key, Philip Barton, 1757-1815","Hanson, Alexander Contee, 1786-1819"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creators_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Rogers, Lloyd Nicholas, approximately 1788-1860","Rogers, Edmund Law","Peter, Robert, 1726-1806","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Peter, Armistead, 1840-1902","Peter, Agnes, 1840-1902","Mercereau, John, 1732-1820","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Adams, Abigail, 1744-1818","Pinckney, Mary Stead, approximately 1751-1812","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Boudinot, Elias, 1740-1821","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Miller, Samuel, 1769-1850","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Varick, Richard, 1753-1831","Sedgwick, Theodore, 1746-1813","Rogers, William, 1751-1824","Stuart, Gilbert, 1755-1828","Atherton, Charles H.  (Charles Humphrey), 1773-1853","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849","Kemp, James, 1764-1827","Wadsworth, Peleg, 1748-1829","Blair, John D.  (John Durbarrow), 1759-1823","Griffith, William, 1766-1826","Le Mayeur, Jean Pierre","Sinclair, John, Sir, 1754-1835","Rogers, Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, 1797-1822","Bernard, Simon, 1779-1839","Ringgold, Tench","Lovering, William (Architect)","Scott, Gustavus, 1753-1800","Thornton, William, 1759-1828","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Law, Edmund, 1790-1829","Decatur, Susan Wheeler","Hay, George, 1765-1830","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","De Kalb, Johann, 1721-1780","Elgar, Joseph","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Anderson, John","Stuart, David, 1753-1814","Dearborn, Henry, 1751-1829","Smith, George (Blacksmith)","Lear, Benjamin L. (Benjamin Lincoln), 1792-1832","Peter, George Washington, 1801-1877","Maltitz, Apollonius August von, 1795-1870","Quincy, Josiah, 1772-1864","Stabler, Edward, 1769-1831","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Kennon, Beverley, 1793-1844","Peter, Martha Custis Kennon, 1843-1886","Peter, Walter G.  (Walter Gibson), 1868-1945","Peter, Armistead, 1870-1960","Peter, George Freeland, 1875–1953","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Peter, Walter Gibson, 1842-1863","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Taney, Roger Brooke, 1777-1864","Delaplaine, Joseph, 1777-1824","Bunting, Charles","Key, Philip Barton, 1757-1815","Hanson, Alexander Contee, 1786-1819","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12 Linear Feet 46 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["12 Linear Feet 46 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in the following series and subseries. Within each series, materials are generally separated by format and listed chronologically, with undated materials listed last.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 1. Papers of George Washington\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 2. Papers of Tobias Lear\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 3. Miscellaneous\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 4. Papers of Martha Washington\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 5. Papers of Eliza Parke Custis Law\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 6. Papers of Thomas Law\u003c/emph\u003e: Subseries 6.1. Legal Documents, Subseries 6.2. Correspondence\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 7. Papers of William Costin\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 8. Papers of John Law\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 9. Papers of Lloyd Nicholas Rogers\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 10. Papers of Edmund Law Rogers\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 11. Papers of Robert Peter\u003c/emph\u003e: Subseries 11.1. Accounts, Subseries 11.2. Financial Documents, Subseries 11.3. Legal Documents, Subseries 11.4. Land Documents, Subseries 11.5. Estate Documents\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 12. Papers of Thomas Peter\u003c/emph\u003e: Subseries 12.1. Financial Documents, Subseries 12.2. Land Documents, Subseries 12.3. Estate Documents, Subseries 12.4. Correspondence\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 13. Papers of Britannia W. Peter Kennon, 1824-1909\u003c/emph\u003e: Subseries 13.1. Financial Documents, Subseries 13.2. Legal Documents, Subseries 13.3. Correspondence\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in the following series and subseries. Within each series, materials are generally separated by format and listed chronologically, with undated materials listed last.","Series 1. Papers of George Washington\nSeries 2. Papers of Tobias Lear\nSeries 3. Miscellaneous\nSeries 4. Papers of Martha Washington\nSeries 5. Papers of Eliza Parke Custis Law\nSeries 6. Papers of Thomas Law: Subseries 6.1. Legal Documents, Subseries 6.2. Correspondence\nSeries 7. Papers of William Costin\nSeries 8. Papers of John Law\nSeries 9. Papers of Lloyd Nicholas Rogers\nSeries 10. Papers of Edmund Law Rogers\nSeries 11. Papers of Robert Peter: Subseries 11.1. Accounts, Subseries 11.2. Financial Documents, Subseries 11.3. Legal Documents, Subseries 11.4. Land Documents, Subseries 11.5. Estate Documents\nSeries 12. Papers of Thomas Peter: Subseries 12.1. Financial Documents, Subseries 12.2. Land Documents, Subseries 12.3. Estate Documents, Subseries 12.4. Correspondence\nSeries 13. Papers of Britannia W. Peter Kennon, 1824-1909: Subseries 13.1. Financial Documents, Subseries 13.2. Legal Documents, Subseries 13.3. Correspondence"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Peters were a prominent family in Washington, D.C. during the eighteenth and nineteen centuries. Martha Parke Custis, Martha Washington's granddaughter, married into the Peter family in 1795.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eGeorge Washington (1732-1799)\u003c/emph\u003e: George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 at a modest farm in Westmoreland County, Virginia to parents Augustine and Mary Ball Washington. In 1749, George Washington was appointed surveyor for Culpepper County. In 1752, he started his military career in the Virginia militia. During the Revolutionary War he was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army and later was elected as the first President of the United States of America. He lived with his wife, Martha Washington, at Mount Vernon, where he passed away December 14, 1799.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eMartha Washington (1731-1802)\u003c/emph\u003e: Martha Dandridge Custis Washington was born on June 2, 1731 to parents John and Frances Jones Dandridge. She married her first husband, Daniel Parke Custis, on May 15, 1750. Together they had four children, two of whom died in childhood. On July 8, 1757, her husband unexpectedly died, leaving her a widow with their two remaining children, John Parke Custis and Martha Parke Custis. On January 6, 1759, Martha Dandridge Custis married George Washington. Martha Parke Custis or Patsy, died at the age of 17. On February 3, 1774, John Parke Custis married Eleanor Calvert, and together they had four children who survived to adulthood. However, on November 5, 1781, John Parke Custis passed away, and the younger two of his children went to live at Mount Vernon with their grandmother. Martha Dandridge Custis Washington died on May 22, 1802.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eTobias Lear (1762-1816)\u003c/emph\u003e: Tobias Lear was born in 1762. He was employed by George Washington in 1786 to manage expense reports to Congress and also as the personal tutor to Martha Washington's grandchildren. In 1790 Tobias Lear married Mary \"Polly\" Long; however she died in 1793. Lear then married Martha Washington's niece, Frances Bassett Washington, but she died shortly they were married. Lear married for a third time to Frances Dandridge Henley, another niece of Martha Washington. He died in 1816.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eElizabeth (Betsy, Beth, Eliza) Parke Custis Law (1776-1831)\u003c/emph\u003e: Wife to Thomas Law, Eliza Parke Custis Law was born on August 21, 1776. She was the daughter of John (Jacky) Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Calvert. Upon the death of her father in 1781, Eliza's two younger siblings, George Washington (Washy) Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Parke Custis went to live with their grandmother, Martha Washington, and her second husband, George Washington. Eliza and her other sister Martha stayed at home with their mother. Shortly after, their mother remarried Dr. David Stuart and had thirteen more children. On March 21, 1796, Eliza Parke Custis Law married Thomas Law and together they had one child, Eliza Law. In 1804, the couple separated and their daughter went to live with her father. They officially divorced in 1811. Eliza Parke Custis Law lived with one of her uncles for a time after the separation, and soon purchased a house in Alexandria called \"Mount Washington.\" Eliza Law Rogers died in 1822, leaving behind a husband (Lloyd Nicholas Rogers) and two children. Eliza Parke Custis Law died on December 31, 1831.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThomas Law (1756-1834)\u003c/emph\u003e: Thomas Law was born on October 23, 1756 in Cambridge, England. He started his career working for the East India Trading Company and began building his reputation, as well as his income. In 1794, he left England to start a new life in America where he began to invest in lands, particularly in the nation's capital. Over time, Law became extremely passionate about the arts, particularly poetry, which he wrote and published. He even founded the first dance society, theater, and the Columbian Institute for the Promotion of Arts and Sciences. Thomas Law married Eliza Parke Custis on March 21, 1796. Together they had one child, Eliza Law, who married Lloyd Nicholls Rogers in 1817. Thomas Law died in 1834.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eWilliam Costin (1780-1842)\u003c/emph\u003e: William Costin was a prominent free black man in early 19th-century Washington DC. He was a messenger for the Bank of Washington and ran a hack business in the city. In 1800, he married his cousin Philadelphia (\"Delphy\"), a dower slave of Martha Washington. Upon Martha Washington's death in 1802, Delphy became the property of Eliza Parke Custis Law, wife to Thomas Law. Delphy and their children were granted freedom shortly after, and the couple decided to stay in Washington, D.C. Together the Costins had seven children. He died in 1842.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eJohn Law (1784-1822)\u003c/emph\u003e: John Law was born in India about 1784 to Thomas Law and an unidentified Indian woman. In 1794 Thomas Law came to America after living about two decades in India; presumably John and his brothers came with him. Thomas Law married Eliza Parke Custis in 1796 and raised the boys until their separation around 1804. John Law graduated from Harvard University in 1804; he was a member of the Columbian Dragoons in 1811; and was the commissioner to adjust the Yazoo claims in 1814. He died on October 4, 1822.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLloyd Nicholas Rogers (1787 or 1788-1860)\u003c/emph\u003e: Lloyd Nicholas Rogers was born on September 20, 1788 to parents Nicholas and Eleanor Buchanan Rogers. Lloyd Nicholas Rogers married Eliza Law Rogers in 1817. Together they had two children, Edmund Law Rogers and Eleanor Agnes Rogers. They lived on Druid Hill which had been passed down by Lloyd's Scottish father. Very shortly after the death of Lloyd's father in 1822, Eliza also died. In 1829, Rogers was married to Hortensia Monroe Hay who was the granddaughter of James Monroe. Together, they had an additional three daughters, Harriet, Hortensia, and Mary Custis. Lloyd was a proprietor of his estate and practiced law out of his home on Druid Hill. Hortensia died in the 1850s, leaving Lloyd all alone. All of his children except for Eleanor had already married and moved out. Eleanor would not marry until 1862, following her father's death. Lloyd Nicholas Rogers died on November 12, 1860.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eEdmund Law Rogers (1818-1896)\u003c/emph\u003e: Edmund Law Rogers was born in 1818 to Lloyd Nicholas Rogers and Eliza Law Rogers. He grew up and lived in Baltimore all of his life, and was a founding member of the Maryland and Harvard Club, as well as a member of various other organizations, such as, the Sons of the Revolution and the Baltimore Historical Society. He spoke several different languages and was a lover of the arts. He married Charlotte Matilda Plater and together they had two children, Edmund Law Rogers, Jr., and Charlotte Plater Rogers. He died of paralysis on January 24, 1896.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eRobert Peter (1726-1806)\u003c/emph\u003e: Robert Peter was born in 1726 in Scotland to Thomas Peter and Jean Dunlop, who were prosperous merchants. He immigrated to the United States around 1745, but there is no definite reason why he chose to leave. He first settled in the town, Bladensburg, along the Anacostia River. In 1751, Georgetown was established, and Robert purchased a lot in the town the following year, and slowly began to build up his land holdings. His land holdings grew to be quite extensive, including owning the entire square from M, K, and 31st Streets, and Wisconsin Ave. From 1789 to 1798, Robert Peter was the first mayor of Georgetown. On December 27, 1767, he married Elizabeth Scott, and together they had 10 children, one of whom died as an infant. Their names were: Thomas, Alexander, Elizabeth, Walter, Robert, Jean, Margaret, David, George, and James. He died in 1806.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThomas Peter (1769-1834)\u003c/emph\u003e: Thomas Peter was born January 4, 1769 to Robert and Elizabeth Scott Peter. Thomas Peter married Martha Parke Custis, granddaughter to Martha Washington, in 1795. Together, they had eight children. Martha Eliza Eleanor, Columbia Washington, John Parke Custis, Robert Thomas, George Washington, America Pinckney, Martha Custis Castania (who died young), and Britannia Wellington. In 1805, Thomas and Martha purchased eight-and-a-half acres in \"Georgetown Heights.\" [For more information on Tudor Place, see Tudor Place: Historic House and Gardens.] They later hired architect Dr. William Thornton to design and build Tudor Place located in Georgetown. It was completed in 1816 and still stands today. Thomas Peter was a prominent lawyer of the time and was one of the executors of Martha Washington's will. He died April 16, 1834.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eMartha (Patty) Parke Custis Peter (1777-1854)\u003c/emph\u003e: was born to John Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Calvert Custis on December 31, 1777. She was one of four children in their family to survive to adulthood: Eliza Parke, Martha Parke, Eleanor Parke (Nelly), and George Washington (Washy) Parke. Following the death of their father in 1781, Patty and her older sister, Eliza, lived with their mother and stepfather, Dr. David Stuart, and their large family, while their younger siblings, Nelly and Washy, lived with their grandparents at Mount Vernon. There were frequent visits to Mount Vernon in both childhood and following her marriage to Thomas Peter in 1795. She died July 13 or 15, 1854.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBritannia Wellington Peter Kennon (1815-1911)\u003c/emph\u003e: Britannia Wellington Peter was born January 28, 1815, as the youngest child of Martha Parke (Patty) Custis Peter and Thomas Peter. In 1842, she married Commodore Beverley Kennon, and together they had one child, Martha Custis Kennon, on October 18, 1843. Commodore Kennon died from a gun explosion on the frigate Princeton on February 28, 1844. Martha Custis Kennon married Dr. Armistead Peter in 1867. When Britannia Wellington Peter Kennon's mother passed in 1854, she inherited Tudor Place, where she lived until her death in 1911.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eMajor George Peter (1779-1861)\u003c/emph\u003e: Major George W. Peter was born on September 28, 1779 to Robert and Elizabeth Scott Peter. He was married three times during his life. First, to Ann Plater in 1809. Together they had two children, George and Thomas. His wife and two children all died in 1814. Secondly, in 1815 he married Agnes Buchanon Freeland. They had five children, Robert, Ann, James, Agnes, and David. Agnes, his wife, died in 1825. Only a month later, he again married, this time to Sarah Norfleet Freeland, the sister of his second wife. Together, they had nine children: Sarah Agnes, George, Alexander Scott, Margaret Dick, Elizabeth, Armistead, Walter Gibson, William, and Katherine Norfleet. Major George Peter was an officer in the army, a representative in Congress, and a farmer. During his career in the army, he was first appointed first lieutenant 2nd, Artillery and Engineers on February 16, 1801. He was promoted to Captain on November 3, 1807, and finally was transferred to the Light Artillery in May of 1808. He resigned in June 11, 1809. In 1815, he was elected to Congress to cover the sixth district in Maryland. He would continue this appointment until after 1828. He died June 22, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDr. Armistead Peter (1840-1902)\u003c/emph\u003e: Dr. Armistead Peter was one of George Peter's sons from his third marriage to Sarah Norfleet Freeland Peter. He was born on February 23, 1840. Dr. Armistead Peter was a cousin to his wife Martha Custis Kennon Peter, whom he married in 1867. Together, Martha and Armistead had five children: Walter Gibson, Armistead, Beverley Kennon, George Freeland, and Agnes. He and Martha Custis Kennon Peter both moved into Tudor Place and Dr. Armistead Peter converted a portion of the house for his medical practice. He created a very successful business as one of the best doctors in the city of Washington. During the Civil War he was employed by the U.S. Army as ward surgeon, as well as serving in a smallpox hospital. Martha Custis Kennon Peter died suddenly in 1886. Armistead died in 1902, his mother-in-law, Britannia W. Peter Kennon outliving both of them. The land in Bethesda was divided between their four children. After Britannia W. Peter Kennon died, the house was left to her grandson, Armistead Peter II. Dr. Armistead Peter died on January 28, 1902.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAgnes Peter (1880-1957)\u003c/emph\u003e: Agnes Peter, born on February 3, 1880, was the daughter of Dr. Armistead Peter and Martha Custis Kennon Peter. She lived in France for a period of time during WWI conducting work for the YMCA. Agnes Peter was the director of a Foyer du Soldat and helped to receive soldiers and refugees. She was also in charge of the Graves Registration Section in Rheims. She was the first woman in France to be awarded the silver Medal of Honor for her distinguished services to the country during the war. In 1946, when she was 73, she married Nobel Prize winner, Dr. John R. Mott, who is most acclaimed for his work creating international Christian programs with a goal to establish peace. She died in 1957.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Peters were a prominent family in Washington, D.C. during the eighteenth and nineteen centuries. Martha Parke Custis, Martha Washington's granddaughter, married into the Peter family in 1795.","George Washington (1732-1799): George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 at a modest farm in Westmoreland County, Virginia to parents Augustine and Mary Ball Washington. In 1749, George Washington was appointed surveyor for Culpepper County. In 1752, he started his military career in the Virginia militia. During the Revolutionary War he was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army and later was elected as the first President of the United States of America. He lived with his wife, Martha Washington, at Mount Vernon, where he passed away December 14, 1799.","Martha Washington (1731-1802): Martha Dandridge Custis Washington was born on June 2, 1731 to parents John and Frances Jones Dandridge. She married her first husband, Daniel Parke Custis, on May 15, 1750. Together they had four children, two of whom died in childhood. On July 8, 1757, her husband unexpectedly died, leaving her a widow with their two remaining children, John Parke Custis and Martha Parke Custis. On January 6, 1759, Martha Dandridge Custis married George Washington. Martha Parke Custis or Patsy, died at the age of 17. On February 3, 1774, John Parke Custis married Eleanor Calvert, and together they had four children who survived to adulthood. However, on November 5, 1781, John Parke Custis passed away, and the younger two of his children went to live at Mount Vernon with their grandmother. Martha Dandridge Custis Washington died on May 22, 1802.","Tobias Lear (1762-1816): Tobias Lear was born in 1762. He was employed by George Washington in 1786 to manage expense reports to Congress and also as the personal tutor to Martha Washington's grandchildren. In 1790 Tobias Lear married Mary \"Polly\" Long; however she died in 1793. Lear then married Martha Washington's niece, Frances Bassett Washington, but she died shortly they were married. Lear married for a third time to Frances Dandridge Henley, another niece of Martha Washington. He died in 1816.","Elizabeth (Betsy, Beth, Eliza) Parke Custis Law (1776-1831): Wife to Thomas Law, Eliza Parke Custis Law was born on August 21, 1776. She was the daughter of John (Jacky) Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Calvert. Upon the death of her father in 1781, Eliza's two younger siblings, George Washington (Washy) Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Parke Custis went to live with their grandmother, Martha Washington, and her second husband, George Washington. Eliza and her other sister Martha stayed at home with their mother. Shortly after, their mother remarried Dr. David Stuart and had thirteen more children. On March 21, 1796, Eliza Parke Custis Law married Thomas Law and together they had one child, Eliza Law. In 1804, the couple separated and their daughter went to live with her father. They officially divorced in 1811. Eliza Parke Custis Law lived with one of her uncles for a time after the separation, and soon purchased a house in Alexandria called \"Mount Washington.\" Eliza Law Rogers died in 1822, leaving behind a husband (Lloyd Nicholas Rogers) and two children. Eliza Parke Custis Law died on December 31, 1831.","Thomas Law (1756-1834): Thomas Law was born on October 23, 1756 in Cambridge, England. He started his career working for the East India Trading Company and began building his reputation, as well as his income. In 1794, he left England to start a new life in America where he began to invest in lands, particularly in the nation's capital. Over time, Law became extremely passionate about the arts, particularly poetry, which he wrote and published. He even founded the first dance society, theater, and the Columbian Institute for the Promotion of Arts and Sciences. Thomas Law married Eliza Parke Custis on March 21, 1796. Together they had one child, Eliza Law, who married Lloyd Nicholls Rogers in 1817. Thomas Law died in 1834.","William Costin (1780-1842): William Costin was a prominent free black man in early 19th-century Washington DC. He was a messenger for the Bank of Washington and ran a hack business in the city. In 1800, he married his cousin Philadelphia (\"Delphy\"), a dower slave of Martha Washington. Upon Martha Washington's death in 1802, Delphy became the property of Eliza Parke Custis Law, wife to Thomas Law. Delphy and their children were granted freedom shortly after, and the couple decided to stay in Washington, D.C. Together the Costins had seven children. He died in 1842.","John Law (1784-1822): John Law was born in India about 1784 to Thomas Law and an unidentified Indian woman. In 1794 Thomas Law came to America after living about two decades in India; presumably John and his brothers came with him. Thomas Law married Eliza Parke Custis in 1796 and raised the boys until their separation around 1804. John Law graduated from Harvard University in 1804; he was a member of the Columbian Dragoons in 1811; and was the commissioner to adjust the Yazoo claims in 1814. He died on October 4, 1822.","Lloyd Nicholas Rogers (1787 or 1788-1860): Lloyd Nicholas Rogers was born on September 20, 1788 to parents Nicholas and Eleanor Buchanan Rogers. Lloyd Nicholas Rogers married Eliza Law Rogers in 1817. Together they had two children, Edmund Law Rogers and Eleanor Agnes Rogers. They lived on Druid Hill which had been passed down by Lloyd's Scottish father. Very shortly after the death of Lloyd's father in 1822, Eliza also died. In 1829, Rogers was married to Hortensia Monroe Hay who was the granddaughter of James Monroe. Together, they had an additional three daughters, Harriet, Hortensia, and Mary Custis. Lloyd was a proprietor of his estate and practiced law out of his home on Druid Hill. Hortensia died in the 1850s, leaving Lloyd all alone. All of his children except for Eleanor had already married and moved out. Eleanor would not marry until 1862, following her father's death. Lloyd Nicholas Rogers died on November 12, 1860.","Edmund Law Rogers (1818-1896): Edmund Law Rogers was born in 1818 to Lloyd Nicholas Rogers and Eliza Law Rogers. He grew up and lived in Baltimore all of his life, and was a founding member of the Maryland and Harvard Club, as well as a member of various other organizations, such as, the Sons of the Revolution and the Baltimore Historical Society. He spoke several different languages and was a lover of the arts. He married Charlotte Matilda Plater and together they had two children, Edmund Law Rogers, Jr., and Charlotte Plater Rogers. He died of paralysis on January 24, 1896.","Robert Peter (1726-1806): Robert Peter was born in 1726 in Scotland to Thomas Peter and Jean Dunlop, who were prosperous merchants. He immigrated to the United States around 1745, but there is no definite reason why he chose to leave. He first settled in the town, Bladensburg, along the Anacostia River. In 1751, Georgetown was established, and Robert purchased a lot in the town the following year, and slowly began to build up his land holdings. His land holdings grew to be quite extensive, including owning the entire square from M, K, and 31st Streets, and Wisconsin Ave. From 1789 to 1798, Robert Peter was the first mayor of Georgetown. On December 27, 1767, he married Elizabeth Scott, and together they had 10 children, one of whom died as an infant. Their names were: Thomas, Alexander, Elizabeth, Walter, Robert, Jean, Margaret, David, George, and James. He died in 1806.","Thomas Peter (1769-1834): Thomas Peter was born January 4, 1769 to Robert and Elizabeth Scott Peter. Thomas Peter married Martha Parke Custis, granddaughter to Martha Washington, in 1795. Together, they had eight children. Martha Eliza Eleanor, Columbia Washington, John Parke Custis, Robert Thomas, George Washington, America Pinckney, Martha Custis Castania (who died young), and Britannia Wellington. In 1805, Thomas and Martha purchased eight-and-a-half acres in \"Georgetown Heights.\" [For more information on Tudor Place, see Tudor Place: Historic House and Gardens.] They later hired architect Dr. William Thornton to design and build Tudor Place located in Georgetown. It was completed in 1816 and still stands today. Thomas Peter was a prominent lawyer of the time and was one of the executors of Martha Washington's will. He died April 16, 1834.","Martha (Patty) Parke Custis Peter (1777-1854): was born to John Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Calvert Custis on December 31, 1777. She was one of four children in their family to survive to adulthood: Eliza Parke, Martha Parke, Eleanor Parke (Nelly), and George Washington (Washy) Parke. Following the death of their father in 1781, Patty and her older sister, Eliza, lived with their mother and stepfather, Dr. David Stuart, and their large family, while their younger siblings, Nelly and Washy, lived with their grandparents at Mount Vernon. There were frequent visits to Mount Vernon in both childhood and following her marriage to Thomas Peter in 1795. She died July 13 or 15, 1854.","Britannia Wellington Peter Kennon (1815-1911): Britannia Wellington Peter was born January 28, 1815, as the youngest child of Martha Parke (Patty) Custis Peter and Thomas Peter. In 1842, she married Commodore Beverley Kennon, and together they had one child, Martha Custis Kennon, on October 18, 1843. Commodore Kennon died from a gun explosion on the frigate Princeton on February 28, 1844. Martha Custis Kennon married Dr. Armistead Peter in 1867. When Britannia Wellington Peter Kennon's mother passed in 1854, she inherited Tudor Place, where she lived until her death in 1911.","Major George Peter (1779-1861): Major George W. Peter was born on September 28, 1779 to Robert and Elizabeth Scott Peter. He was married three times during his life. First, to Ann Plater in 1809. Together they had two children, George and Thomas. His wife and two children all died in 1814. Secondly, in 1815 he married Agnes Buchanon Freeland. They had five children, Robert, Ann, James, Agnes, and David. Agnes, his wife, died in 1825. Only a month later, he again married, this time to Sarah Norfleet Freeland, the sister of his second wife. Together, they had nine children: Sarah Agnes, George, Alexander Scott, Margaret Dick, Elizabeth, Armistead, Walter Gibson, William, and Katherine Norfleet. Major George Peter was an officer in the army, a representative in Congress, and a farmer. During his career in the army, he was first appointed first lieutenant 2nd, Artillery and Engineers on February 16, 1801. He was promoted to Captain on November 3, 1807, and finally was transferred to the Light Artillery in May of 1808. He resigned in June 11, 1809. In 1815, he was elected to Congress to cover the sixth district in Maryland. He would continue this appointment until after 1828. He died June 22, 1861.","Dr. Armistead Peter (1840-1902): Dr. Armistead Peter was one of George Peter's sons from his third marriage to Sarah Norfleet Freeland Peter. He was born on February 23, 1840. Dr. Armistead Peter was a cousin to his wife Martha Custis Kennon Peter, whom he married in 1867. Together, Martha and Armistead had five children: Walter Gibson, Armistead, Beverley Kennon, George Freeland, and Agnes. He and Martha Custis Kennon Peter both moved into Tudor Place and Dr. Armistead Peter converted a portion of the house for his medical practice. He created a very successful business as one of the best doctors in the city of Washington. During the Civil War he was employed by the U.S. Army as ward surgeon, as well as serving in a smallpox hospital. Martha Custis Kennon Peter died suddenly in 1886. Armistead died in 1902, his mother-in-law, Britannia W. Peter Kennon outliving both of them. The land in Bethesda was divided between their four children. After Britannia W. Peter Kennon died, the house was left to her grandson, Armistead Peter II. Dr. Armistead Peter died on January 28, 1902.","Agnes Peter (1880-1957): Agnes Peter, born on February 3, 1880, was the daughter of Dr. Armistead Peter and Martha Custis Kennon Peter. She lived in France for a period of time during WWI conducting work for the YMCA. Agnes Peter was the director of a Foyer du Soldat and helped to receive soldiers and refugees. She was also in charge of the Graves Registration Section in Rheims. She was the first woman in France to be awarded the silver Medal of Honor for her distinguished services to the country during the war. In 1946, when she was 73, she married Nobel Prize winner, Dr. John R. Mott, who is most acclaimed for his work creating international Christian programs with a goal to establish peace. She died in 1957."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Peter Family papers, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Peter Family papers, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePeter family owned books are cataloged in the Library Catalog. The 23 titles (36 volumes) are searchable in the\n\u003ca href=\"https://mountvernonlibrary.on.worldcat.org/search?queryString=%2A\u0026amp;clusterResults=false\u0026amp;groupVariantRecords=false\u0026amp;subscope=wz%3A46368%3A%3Azs%3A39386\u0026amp;changedFacet=scope\"\u003ethe Catalog's Peter Family Collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Peter family owned books are cataloged in the Library Catalog. The 23 titles (36 volumes) are searchable in the\nthe Catalog's Peter Family Collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of papers collected by various members of the Peter families. It includes letters from George Washington, letters of condolence to Martha Washington after George Washington's death, estate documents, Major George Peter's military papers, land plats and surveys, photo albums, letterbooks, and notebooks that tell of the life of this prominent family in Virginia and the City of Washington.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of papers collected by various members of the Peter families. It includes letters from George Washington, letters of condolence to Martha Washington after George Washington's death, estate documents, Major George Peter's military papers, land plats and surveys, photo albums, letterbooks, and notebooks that tell of the life of this prominent family in Virginia and the City of Washington."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Rogers, Lloyd Nicholas, approximately 1788-1860","Rogers, Edmund Law","Peter, Robert, 1726-1806","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Peter, Armistead, 1840-1902","Peter, Agnes, 1840-1902","Mercereau, John, 1732-1820","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Adams, Abigail, 1744-1818","Pinckney, Mary Stead, approximately 1751-1812","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Boudinot, Elias, 1740-1821","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Miller, Samuel, 1769-1850","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Varick, Richard, 1753-1831","Sedgwick, Theodore, 1746-1813","Rogers, William, 1751-1824","Stuart, Gilbert, 1755-1828","Atherton, Charles H.  (Charles Humphrey), 1773-1853","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849","Kemp, James, 1764-1827","Wadsworth, Peleg, 1748-1829","Blair, John D.  (John Durbarrow), 1759-1823","Griffith, William, 1766-1826","Le Mayeur, Jean Pierre","Sinclair, John, Sir, 1754-1835","Rogers, Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, 1797-1822","Bernard, Simon, 1779-1839","Ringgold, Tench","Lovering, William (Architect)","Scott, Gustavus, 1753-1800","Thornton, William, 1759-1828","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Law, Edmund, 1790-1829","Decatur, Susan Wheeler","Hay, George, 1765-1830","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","De Kalb, Johann, 1721-1780","Elgar, Joseph","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Anderson, John","Stuart, David, 1753-1814","Dearborn, Henry, 1751-1829","Smith, George (Blacksmith)","Lear, Benjamin L. (Benjamin Lincoln), 1792-1832","Peter, George Washington, 1801-1877","Maltitz, Apollonius August von, 1795-1870","Quincy, Josiah, 1772-1864","Stabler, Edward, 1769-1831","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Kennon, Beverley, 1793-1844","Peter, Martha Custis Kennon, 1843-1886","Peter, Walter G.  (Walter Gibson), 1868-1945","Peter, Armistead, 1870-1960","Peter, George Freeland, 1875–1953","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Peter, Walter Gibson, 1842-1863","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Taney, Roger Brooke, 1777-1864","Delaplaine, Joseph, 1777-1824","Bunting, Charles","Key, Philip Barton, 1757-1815","Hanson, Alexander Contee, 1786-1819"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Rogers, Lloyd Nicholas, approximately 1788-1860","Rogers, Edmund Law","Peter, Robert, 1726-1806","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Peter, Armistead, 1840-1902","Peter, Agnes, 1840-1902","Mercereau, John, 1732-1820","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Adams, Abigail, 1744-1818","Pinckney, Mary Stead, approximately 1751-1812","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Boudinot, Elias, 1740-1821","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Miller, Samuel, 1769-1850","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Varick, Richard, 1753-1831","Sedgwick, Theodore, 1746-1813","Rogers, William, 1751-1824","Stuart, Gilbert, 1755-1828","Atherton, Charles H.  (Charles Humphrey), 1773-1853","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849","Kemp, James, 1764-1827","Wadsworth, Peleg, 1748-1829","Blair, John D.  (John Durbarrow), 1759-1823","Griffith, William, 1766-1826","Le Mayeur, Jean Pierre","Sinclair, John, Sir, 1754-1835","Rogers, Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, 1797-1822","Bernard, Simon, 1779-1839","Ringgold, Tench","Lovering, William (Architect)","Scott, Gustavus, 1753-1800","Thornton, William, 1759-1828","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Law, Edmund, 1790-1829","Decatur, Susan Wheeler","Hay, George, 1765-1830","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","De Kalb, Johann, 1721-1780","Elgar, Joseph","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Anderson, John","Stuart, David, 1753-1814","Dearborn, Henry, 1751-1829","Smith, George (Blacksmith)","Lear, Benjamin L. (Benjamin Lincoln), 1792-1832","Peter, George Washington, 1801-1877","Maltitz, Apollonius August von, 1795-1870","Quincy, Josiah, 1772-1864","Stabler, Edward, 1769-1831","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Kennon, Beverley, 1793-1844","Peter, Martha Custis Kennon, 1843-1886","Peter, Walter G.  (Walter Gibson), 1868-1945","Peter, Armistead, 1870-1960","Peter, George Freeland, 1875–1953","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Peter, Walter Gibson, 1842-1863","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Taney, Roger Brooke, 1777-1864","Delaplaine, Joseph, 1777-1824","Bunting, Charles","Key, Philip Barton, 1757-1815","Hanson, Alexander Contee, 1786-1819"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":845,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:25:13.167Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c18_c01"}},{"id":"viu_viu01046_c04_c05","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Miscellaneous, 1700/1788","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01046_c04_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu01046_c04_c05","ref_ssm":["viu_viu01046_c04_c05"],"id":"viu_viu01046_c04_c05","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01046","_root_":"viu_viu01046","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01046_c04","parent_ssi":"viu_viu01046_c04","parent_ssim":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898","Miscellaneous"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu01046","viu_viu01046_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Miscellaneous","title_ssm":["Miscellaneous"],"title_tesim":["Miscellaneous"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Miscellaneous, 1700/1788"],"text":["Miscellaneous, 1700/1788","Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898","Miscellaneous","Box Box 2"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898","Miscellaneous"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898","Miscellaneous"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1700/1788"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1700-1788, n.d."],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":21,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898"],"containers_ssim":["Box Box 2"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"date_range_isim":[1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#4","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:43:37.384Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu01046","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01046","_root_":"viu_viu01046","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01046","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu01046.xml","title_ssm":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898"],"title_tesim":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898"],"text":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898","6490","ca. 710 items","The material is grouped into the following series: I.\n         Correspondence; II. Business Papers; III. Legal Papers; IV.\n         Miscellaneous; V. Bound Volumes; and, VI. Oversize.","This collection of papers, 1650-1898, consists of ca. 710\n         items pertaining to the \n         Latane familyof \n         Essex County, Virginia. Included are\n         correspondence, business and legal papers, papers re military\n         and religious matters, school notebooks, and certificates of\n         graduation from schools at the \n         University of Virginia.","Although little seems to be known or published about the\n         Latane family, valuable information may be found in \n         Parson Latane 1672-1732by Lucy Temple Latane (Mss CS71.L347 1936); \n         Essex County, Virginia: Its Historic Homes,\n            Landmarks and Traditionsedited by Essex County Woman's Club (F232.E7E7 1940);\n         and, \n         Settlers, Southerners, Americans: The History of\n            Essex County, Virginia 1608-1984by James B. Slaughter (F232.E7S5 1985).","The early eighteenth century correspondence contains many\n         letters from \n         Henry Lataneand his wife, \n         Anne Latane, London, England, to his\n         brother, \n         Lewis Latane(1672-1732) and his third\n         wife, \n         Mary (Deane) Latane(1685-1765), South\n         Farnham Parish, Essex County. Some of the letters are written\n         in French but the majority of them are in English. During the\n         1720s, Henry frequently advised Lewis to grow another crop\n         besides tobacco, saying that Europe could not consume all that\n         comes from America. In a letter of January 13, 1730, Henry is\n         \"impatient to know what the fate of Europe whether warr or\n         Peace everything seems to tend to a Crisis ...,\" possibly\n         referring to the trade conflict between England and Spain.","After her husband's death in 1732, Mary (Deane) Latane\n         managed the property that came to her and her children, with\n         the help of her cousin, \n         William Beverley(1698-1756). There are\n         several letters, 1733-1750, from Beverley discussing the\n         settlement of her husband's estate and the sale of her\n         tobacco. In addition, there are business correspondence, bills\n         of lading, invoices, and other papers concerning the sale of\n         tobacco.","Letters of interest include correspondence of \n         Spencer Roane(1762-1822), King and Queen\n         County, and \n         William Latane(1750-1811), Essex County,\n         July 1791-August 1792, concerning the deed and survey for the\n         \"Mount Clement Trail of Land,\" and another on July 25, 1804 re\n         the suit of Braxton vs Roane; letters on April 19, 1825, June\n         13, 1826, and November 18, 1826, from \n         James Montague, \n         Harden County, Kentucky, to friends in\n         Essex County, concerning various aspects of life in Kentucky\n         such as the conflict between anti-relief and relief parties,\n         tobacco sales, and prices of corn, flour, cotton, whiskey, et\n         al.; one on June 9, 1854, from Rev. \n         Henry W. L. Temple, Wayland, to \n         James Allen Latane, University of\n         Virginia, discussing Bishop \n         William Meade's visit; and, several\n         letters, October 25, 1864, December 4, 1871, February 2 and\n         June 15, 1883, and June 13, 1885, from \n         Thomas S. Watson, Bracketts, chiefly to \n         Julia A. Holladay, \n         Botetourt County, Virginia, mentioning\n         news of family and friends, new dwellings built on Ionia, and\n         his being disqualified as a member of the legislature.","Letters pertaining to black history include one of December\n         10, 1772, from \n         Samuel Peachey, Jr., \n         Occoquan Furnace, to William Latane,\n         Essex County, asking him to send a young black at Christmas\n         because the latter wants to learn the blacksmith trade; one of\n         November 10, 1788, from \n         Bartlett Williams, New Kent, to \n         William Latane, Essex County, complaining\n         about Latane's man Ephraim corrupting his blacks, and\n         requesting that he not be permitted to visit his plantation; a\n         circular, February 27, 1794, referring to the transportation\n         of slaves from Africa to the West-India islands; one of\n         February 28, 1809, from S. Chenault, Nelson County, Kentucky,\n         re the \"elopement\" of Franklin and his recovery by a Captain\n         Lafon who kept him in his possession for awhile;\n         correspondence between \n         Henry Waring Latane(1782-1860), Essex\n         County, and his brother-in-law, \n         John Temple( -1812), Parkersburg, re the\n         death of Temple's father and the division of his slaves at\n         \"Goldberry,\" December 10, 1811 and January 8, 1812; and, one\n         of June 13, 1885, from \n         Thomas S. Watson, Bracketts, to \n         Julia A. Holladay, Botetourt County,\n         mentioning the poisoning of some children by a black\n         woman.","The business papers are comprised of accounts and\n         administrative and estate papers as well as general\n         correspondence and papers. The accounts are chiefly for\n         members of the Latane and Waring families, and, to a lesser\n         extent, for members of the \n         Allen familyand \n         Temple family. The administrative and\n         estate papers concern the estates of \n         William Peachey( -1700), \n         Lewis Latane(1672-1732), \n         Robert Payne Waring(-1799?), \n         William Latane(1750-1811), \n         John Temple( -1812), \n         Lewis Dix( -1815?), \n         James Allen( -1820?), \n         Ann Latane( -1820?), and \n         Henry Waring Latane(1782-1860). Also,\n         there are business papers pertaining to black history; and, a\n         separate itemized listing has been compiled.","The legal papers contain many indentures, land grants and\n         plats/surveys for lands in \n         Essex County, \n         King and Queen County, and \n         Rappahannock County. These papers are\n         helpful in determining ownership of lands held by the Latane\n         Family, \n         Roane Family, \n         Allen Family, and \n         Dix Family. In addition, there are copies\n         of wills for members of the Latane, Roane, Allen, and Dix\n         families. The wills also contain references to the division of\n         blacks among the families.","There are also genealogical, military, and religious\n         material. The military papers, 1814-1828, pertain chiefly to\n         James Allen's career as captain in the Virginia militia and\n         include abstracts of forage, regimental orders, receipt for\n         arms, detailed returns of arms accoutrements, and rosters of\n         officers and other personnel. Among the miscellaneous papers\n         is a small group of material concerning religious matters,\n         particularly having to do with \n         South Farnham Parishin Essex County.\n         Included are a letter, December 17, 1716, from \n         Alexander Spotswoodto the vestry of the\n         parish re their decision to suspend \n         Lewis Latanefrom his ministerial office;\n         a hymn book belonging to \n         John Latane; and, two letters about the\n         weakening of the Church in Virginia.","University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","University of Virginia","South Farnham Parish","Jefferson Society","University of\n                  Virginia","Latane family","Allen family","Temple family","Roane Family","Allen Family","Dix Family","Henry Latane","Anne Latane","Lewis Latane","Mary (Deane) Latane","William Beverley","Spencer Roane","William Latane","James Montague","Henry W. L. Temple","James Allen Latane","William Meade","Thomas S. Watson","Julia A. Holladay","Samuel Peachey, Jr.","Bartlett Williams","Henry Waring Latane","John Temple","William Peachey","Robert Payne Waring","Lewis Dix","James Allen","Ann Latane","Alexander Spotswood","John Latane","George Magruder","William Roane","Mary Latane","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898"],"collection_ssim":["Latane Family Papers \n 1650-1898"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["6490"],"unitid_tesim":["6490"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Lucy Temple Latane and James A.\n         Latane, Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Lucy Temple Latane and James A.\n         Latane, Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Henry Latane","Anne Latane","Lewis Latane","Mary (Deane) Latane","William Beverley","Spencer Roane","William Latane","James Montague","Henry W. L. Temple","James Allen Latane","William Meade","Thomas S. Watson","Julia A. Holladay","Samuel Peachey, Jr.","Bartlett Williams","Henry Waring Latane","John Temple","William Peachey","Robert Payne Waring","Lewis Dix","James Allen","Ann Latane","Alexander Spotswood","John Latane","George Magruder","William Roane","Mary Latane"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","University of Virginia","South Farnham Parish","Jefferson Society","University of\n                  Virginia"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Latane family","Allen family","Temple family","Roane Family","Allen Family","Dix Family"],"creators_ssim":["Henry Latane","Anne Latane","Lewis Latane","Mary (Deane) Latane","William Beverley","Spencer Roane","William Latane","James Montague","Henry W. L. Temple","James Allen Latane","William Meade","Thomas S. Watson","Julia A. Holladay","Samuel Peachey, Jr.","Bartlett Williams","Henry Waring Latane","John Temple","William Peachey","Robert Payne Waring","Lewis Dix","James Allen","Ann Latane","Alexander Spotswood","John Latane","George Magruder","William Roane","Mary Latane","University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","University of Virginia","South Farnham Parish","Jefferson Society","University of\n                  Virginia","Latane family","Allen family","Temple family","Roane Family","Allen Family","Dix Family"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was originally loaned to the University\n            of Virginia Library by Lucy Temple Latane but was later\n            given to the Library by James A. Latane, Jr. on December 7,\n            1988."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["ca. 710 items"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe material is grouped into the following series: I.\n         Correspondence; II. Business Papers; III. Legal Papers; IV.\n         Miscellaneous; V. Bound Volumes; and, VI. Oversize.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The material is grouped into the following series: I.\n         Correspondence; II. Business Papers; III. Legal Papers; IV.\n         Miscellaneous; V. Bound Volumes; and, VI. Oversize."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection of papers, 1650-1898, consists of ca. 710\n         items pertaining to the \n         \u003cfamname\u003eLatane family\u003c/famname\u003eof \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eEssex County, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e. Included are\n         correspondence, business and legal papers, papers re military\n         and religious matters, school notebooks, and certificates of\n         graduation from schools at the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Virginia\u003c/corpname\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eAlthough little seems to be known or published about the\n         Latane family, valuable information may be found in \n         \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eParson Latane 1672-1732\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003eby Lucy Temple Latane (Mss CS71.L347 1936); \n         \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eEssex County, Virginia: Its Historic Homes,\n            Landmarks and Traditions\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003eedited by Essex County Woman's Club (F232.E7E7 1940);\n         and, \n         \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eSettlers, Southerners, Americans: The History of\n            Essex County, Virginia 1608-1984\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003eby James B. Slaughter (F232.E7S5 1985).\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe early eighteenth century correspondence contains many\n         letters from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eHenry Latane\u003c/persname\u003eand his wife, \n         \u003cpersname\u003eAnne Latane\u003c/persname\u003e, London, England, to his\n         brother, \n         \u003cpersname\u003eLewis Latane\u003c/persname\u003e(1672-1732) and his third\n         wife, \n         \u003cpersname\u003eMary (Deane) Latane\u003c/persname\u003e(1685-1765), South\n         Farnham Parish, Essex County. Some of the letters are written\n         in French but the majority of them are in English. During the\n         1720s, Henry frequently advised Lewis to grow another crop\n         besides tobacco, saying that Europe could not consume all that\n         comes from America. In a letter of January 13, 1730, Henry is\n         \"impatient to know what the fate of Europe whether warr or\n         Peace everything seems to tend to a Crisis ...,\" possibly\n         referring to the trade conflict between England and Spain.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eAfter her husband's death in 1732, Mary (Deane) Latane\n         managed the property that came to her and her children, with\n         the help of her cousin, \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWilliam Beverley\u003c/persname\u003e(1698-1756). There are\n         several letters, 1733-1750, from Beverley discussing the\n         settlement of her husband's estate and the sale of her\n         tobacco. In addition, there are business correspondence, bills\n         of lading, invoices, and other papers concerning the sale of\n         tobacco.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLetters of interest include correspondence of \n         \u003cpersname\u003eSpencer Roane\u003c/persname\u003e(1762-1822), King and Queen\n         County, and \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWilliam Latane\u003c/persname\u003e(1750-1811), Essex County,\n         July 1791-August 1792, concerning the deed and survey for the\n         \"Mount Clement Trail of Land,\" and another on July 25, 1804 re\n         the suit of Braxton vs Roane; letters on April 19, 1825, June\n         13, 1826, and November 18, 1826, from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJames Montague\u003c/persname\u003e, \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eHarden County, Kentucky\u003c/geogname\u003e, to friends in\n         Essex County, concerning various aspects of life in Kentucky\n         such as the conflict between anti-relief and relief parties,\n         tobacco sales, and prices of corn, flour, cotton, whiskey, et\n         al.; one on June 9, 1854, from Rev. \n         \u003cpersname\u003eHenry W. L. Temple\u003c/persname\u003e, Wayland, to \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJames Allen Latane\u003c/persname\u003e, University of\n         Virginia, discussing Bishop \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWilliam Meade\u003c/persname\u003e's visit; and, several\n         letters, October 25, 1864, December 4, 1871, February 2 and\n         June 15, 1883, and June 13, 1885, from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eThomas S. Watson\u003c/persname\u003e, Bracketts, chiefly to \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJulia A. Holladay\u003c/persname\u003e, \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eBotetourt County, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e, mentioning\n         news of family and friends, new dwellings built on Ionia, and\n         his being disqualified as a member of the legislature.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLetters pertaining to black history include one of December\n         10, 1772, from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eSamuel Peachey, Jr.\u003c/persname\u003e, \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eOccoquan Furnace\u003c/geogname\u003e, to William Latane,\n         Essex County, asking him to send a young black at Christmas\n         because the latter wants to learn the blacksmith trade; one of\n         November 10, 1788, from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eBartlett Williams\u003c/persname\u003e, New Kent, to \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWilliam Latane\u003c/persname\u003e, Essex County, complaining\n         about Latane's man Ephraim corrupting his blacks, and\n         requesting that he not be permitted to visit his plantation; a\n         circular, February 27, 1794, referring to the transportation\n         of slaves from Africa to the West-India islands; one of\n         February 28, 1809, from S. Chenault, Nelson County, Kentucky,\n         re the \"elopement\" of Franklin and his recovery by a Captain\n         Lafon who kept him in his possession for awhile;\n         correspondence between \n         \u003cpersname\u003eHenry Waring Latane\u003c/persname\u003e(1782-1860), Essex\n         County, and his brother-in-law, \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJohn Temple\u003c/persname\u003e( -1812), Parkersburg, re the\n         death of Temple's father and the division of his slaves at\n         \"Goldberry,\" December 10, 1811 and January 8, 1812; and, one\n         of June 13, 1885, from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eThomas S. Watson\u003c/persname\u003e, Bracketts, to \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJulia A. Holladay\u003c/persname\u003e, Botetourt County,\n         mentioning the poisoning of some children by a black\n         woman.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe business papers are comprised of accounts and\n         administrative and estate papers as well as general\n         correspondence and papers. The accounts are chiefly for\n         members of the Latane and Waring families, and, to a lesser\n         extent, for members of the \n         \u003cfamname\u003eAllen family\u003c/famname\u003eand \n         \u003cfamname\u003eTemple family\u003c/famname\u003e. The administrative and\n         estate papers concern the estates of \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWilliam Peachey\u003c/persname\u003e( -1700), \n         \u003cpersname\u003eLewis Latane\u003c/persname\u003e(1672-1732), \n         \u003cpersname\u003eRobert Payne Waring\u003c/persname\u003e(-1799?), \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWilliam Latane\u003c/persname\u003e(1750-1811), \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJohn Temple\u003c/persname\u003e( -1812), \n         \u003cpersname\u003eLewis Dix\u003c/persname\u003e( -1815?), \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJames Allen\u003c/persname\u003e( -1820?), \n         \u003cpersname\u003eAnn Latane\u003c/persname\u003e( -1820?), and \n         \u003cpersname\u003eHenry Waring Latane\u003c/persname\u003e(1782-1860). Also,\n         there are business papers pertaining to black history; and, a\n         separate itemized listing has been compiled.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe legal papers contain many indentures, land grants and\n         plats/surveys for lands in \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eEssex County\u003c/geogname\u003e, \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eKing and Queen County\u003c/geogname\u003e, and \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eRappahannock County\u003c/geogname\u003e. These papers are\n         helpful in determining ownership of lands held by the Latane\n         Family, \n         \u003cfamname\u003eRoane Family\u003c/famname\u003e, \n         \u003cfamname\u003eAllen Family\u003c/famname\u003e, and \n         \u003cfamname\u003eDix Family\u003c/famname\u003e. In addition, there are copies\n         of wills for members of the Latane, Roane, Allen, and Dix\n         families. The wills also contain references to the division of\n         blacks among the families.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThere are also genealogical, military, and religious\n         material. The military papers, 1814-1828, pertain chiefly to\n         James Allen's career as captain in the Virginia militia and\n         include abstracts of forage, regimental orders, receipt for\n         arms, detailed returns of arms accoutrements, and rosters of\n         officers and other personnel. Among the miscellaneous papers\n         is a small group of material concerning religious matters,\n         particularly having to do with \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eSouth Farnham Parish\u003c/corpname\u003ein Essex County.\n         Included are a letter, December 17, 1716, from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eAlexander Spotswood\u003c/persname\u003eto the vestry of the\n         parish re their decision to suspend \n         \u003cpersname\u003eLewis Latane\u003c/persname\u003efrom his ministerial office;\n         a hymn book belonging to \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJohn Latane\u003c/persname\u003e; and, two letters about the\n         weakening of the Church in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection of papers, 1650-1898, consists of ca. 710\n         items pertaining to the \n         Latane familyof \n         Essex County, Virginia. Included are\n         correspondence, business and legal papers, papers re military\n         and religious matters, school notebooks, and certificates of\n         graduation from schools at the \n         University of Virginia.","Although little seems to be known or published about the\n         Latane family, valuable information may be found in \n         Parson Latane 1672-1732by Lucy Temple Latane (Mss CS71.L347 1936); \n         Essex County, Virginia: Its Historic Homes,\n            Landmarks and Traditionsedited by Essex County Woman's Club (F232.E7E7 1940);\n         and, \n         Settlers, Southerners, Americans: The History of\n            Essex County, Virginia 1608-1984by James B. Slaughter (F232.E7S5 1985).","The early eighteenth century correspondence contains many\n         letters from \n         Henry Lataneand his wife, \n         Anne Latane, London, England, to his\n         brother, \n         Lewis Latane(1672-1732) and his third\n         wife, \n         Mary (Deane) Latane(1685-1765), South\n         Farnham Parish, Essex County. Some of the letters are written\n         in French but the majority of them are in English. During the\n         1720s, Henry frequently advised Lewis to grow another crop\n         besides tobacco, saying that Europe could not consume all that\n         comes from America. In a letter of January 13, 1730, Henry is\n         \"impatient to know what the fate of Europe whether warr or\n         Peace everything seems to tend to a Crisis ...,\" possibly\n         referring to the trade conflict between England and Spain.","After her husband's death in 1732, Mary (Deane) Latane\n         managed the property that came to her and her children, with\n         the help of her cousin, \n         William Beverley(1698-1756). There are\n         several letters, 1733-1750, from Beverley discussing the\n         settlement of her husband's estate and the sale of her\n         tobacco. In addition, there are business correspondence, bills\n         of lading, invoices, and other papers concerning the sale of\n         tobacco.","Letters of interest include correspondence of \n         Spencer Roane(1762-1822), King and Queen\n         County, and \n         William Latane(1750-1811), Essex County,\n         July 1791-August 1792, concerning the deed and survey for the\n         \"Mount Clement Trail of Land,\" and another on July 25, 1804 re\n         the suit of Braxton vs Roane; letters on April 19, 1825, June\n         13, 1826, and November 18, 1826, from \n         James Montague, \n         Harden County, Kentucky, to friends in\n         Essex County, concerning various aspects of life in Kentucky\n         such as the conflict between anti-relief and relief parties,\n         tobacco sales, and prices of corn, flour, cotton, whiskey, et\n         al.; one on June 9, 1854, from Rev. \n         Henry W. L. Temple, Wayland, to \n         James Allen Latane, University of\n         Virginia, discussing Bishop \n         William Meade's visit; and, several\n         letters, October 25, 1864, December 4, 1871, February 2 and\n         June 15, 1883, and June 13, 1885, from \n         Thomas S. Watson, Bracketts, chiefly to \n         Julia A. Holladay, \n         Botetourt County, Virginia, mentioning\n         news of family and friends, new dwellings built on Ionia, and\n         his being disqualified as a member of the legislature.","Letters pertaining to black history include one of December\n         10, 1772, from \n         Samuel Peachey, Jr., \n         Occoquan Furnace, to William Latane,\n         Essex County, asking him to send a young black at Christmas\n         because the latter wants to learn the blacksmith trade; one of\n         November 10, 1788, from \n         Bartlett Williams, New Kent, to \n         William Latane, Essex County, complaining\n         about Latane's man Ephraim corrupting his blacks, and\n         requesting that he not be permitted to visit his plantation; a\n         circular, February 27, 1794, referring to the transportation\n         of slaves from Africa to the West-India islands; one of\n         February 28, 1809, from S. Chenault, Nelson County, Kentucky,\n         re the \"elopement\" of Franklin and his recovery by a Captain\n         Lafon who kept him in his possession for awhile;\n         correspondence between \n         Henry Waring Latane(1782-1860), Essex\n         County, and his brother-in-law, \n         John Temple( -1812), Parkersburg, re the\n         death of Temple's father and the division of his slaves at\n         \"Goldberry,\" December 10, 1811 and January 8, 1812; and, one\n         of June 13, 1885, from \n         Thomas S. Watson, Bracketts, to \n         Julia A. Holladay, Botetourt County,\n         mentioning the poisoning of some children by a black\n         woman.","The business papers are comprised of accounts and\n         administrative and estate papers as well as general\n         correspondence and papers. The accounts are chiefly for\n         members of the Latane and Waring families, and, to a lesser\n         extent, for members of the \n         Allen familyand \n         Temple family. The administrative and\n         estate papers concern the estates of \n         William Peachey( -1700), \n         Lewis Latane(1672-1732), \n         Robert Payne Waring(-1799?), \n         William Latane(1750-1811), \n         John Temple( -1812), \n         Lewis Dix( -1815?), \n         James Allen( -1820?), \n         Ann Latane( -1820?), and \n         Henry Waring Latane(1782-1860). Also,\n         there are business papers pertaining to black history; and, a\n         separate itemized listing has been compiled.","The legal papers contain many indentures, land grants and\n         plats/surveys for lands in \n         Essex County, \n         King and Queen County, and \n         Rappahannock County. These papers are\n         helpful in determining ownership of lands held by the Latane\n         Family, \n         Roane Family, \n         Allen Family, and \n         Dix Family. In addition, there are copies\n         of wills for members of the Latane, Roane, Allen, and Dix\n         families. The wills also contain references to the division of\n         blacks among the families.","There are also genealogical, military, and religious\n         material. The military papers, 1814-1828, pertain chiefly to\n         James Allen's career as captain in the Virginia militia and\n         include abstracts of forage, regimental orders, receipt for\n         arms, detailed returns of arms accoutrements, and rosters of\n         officers and other personnel. Among the miscellaneous papers\n         is a small group of material concerning religious matters,\n         particularly having to do with \n         South Farnham Parishin Essex County.\n         Included are a letter, December 17, 1716, from \n         Alexander Spotswoodto the vestry of the\n         parish re their decision to suspend \n         Lewis Latanefrom his ministerial office;\n         a hymn book belonging to \n         John Latane; and, two letters about the\n         weakening of the Church in Virginia."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"corpname_ssim":["University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","University of Virginia","South Farnham Parish","Jefferson Society","University of\n                  Virginia"],"famname_ssim":["Latane family","Allen family","Temple family","Roane Family","Allen Family","Dix Family"],"persname_ssim":["Henry Latane","Anne Latane","Lewis Latane","Mary (Deane) Latane","William Beverley","Spencer Roane","William Latane","James Montague","Henry W. L. Temple","James Allen Latane","William Meade","Thomas S. Watson","Julia A. Holladay","Samuel Peachey, Jr.","Bartlett Williams","Henry Waring Latane","John Temple","William Peachey","Robert Payne Waring","Lewis Dix","James Allen","Ann Latane","Alexander Spotswood","John Latane","George Magruder","William Roane","Mary Latane"],"names_ssim":["University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","University of Virginia","South Farnham Parish","Jefferson Society","University of\n                  Virginia","Latane family","Allen family","Temple family","Roane Family","Allen Family","Dix Family","Henry Latane","Anne Latane","Lewis Latane","Mary (Deane) Latane","William Beverley","Spencer Roane","William Latane","James Montague","Henry W. L. Temple","James Allen Latane","William Meade","Thomas S. Watson","Julia A. Holladay","Samuel Peachey, Jr.","Bartlett Williams","Henry Waring Latane","John Temple","William Peachey","Robert Payne Waring","Lewis Dix","James Allen","Ann Latane","Alexander Spotswood","John Latane","George Magruder","William Roane","Mary Latane"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":32,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:43:37.384Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01046_c04_c05"}},{"id":"viu_viu00917_c02_c441","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Miscellaneous correspondence\n \"Ce-Co\", 1094/1903","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c02_c441#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c02_c441","ref_ssm":["viu_viu00917_c02_c441"],"id":"viu_viu00917_c02_c441","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c02","parent_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Records"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Miscellaneous correspondence\n                  \"Ce-Co\"","title_ssm":["Miscellaneous correspondence\n \"Ce-Co\""],"title_tesim":["Miscellaneous correspondence\n \"Ce-Co\""],"normalized_title_ssm":["Miscellaneous correspondence\n \"Ce-Co\", 1094/1903"],"text":["Miscellaneous correspondence\n \"Ce-Co\", 1094/1903","Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Records","box Box 40"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","Records"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1094/1903"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1900, 1903, (Feb. -Dec. 1094)"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":625,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"containers_ssim":["box Box 40"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"date_range_isim":[1094,1095,1096,1097,1098,1099,1100,1101,1102,1103,1104,1105,1106,1107,1108,1109,1110,1111,1112,1113,1114,1115,1116,1117,1118,1119,1120,1121,1122,1123,1124,1125,1126,1127,1128,1129,1130,1131,1132,1133,1134,1135,1136,1137,1138,1139,1140,1141,1142,1143,1144,1145,1146,1147,1148,1149,1150,1151,1152,1153,1154,1155,1156,1157,1158,1159,1160,1161,1162,1163,1164,1165,1166,1167,1168,1169,1170,1171,1172,1173,1174,1175,1176,1177,1178,1179,1180,1181,1182,1183,1184,1185,1186,1187,1188,1189,1190,1191,1192,1193,1194,1195,1196,1197,1198,1199,1200,1201,1202,1203,1204,1205,1206,1207,1208,1209,1210,1211,1212,1213,1214,1215,1216,1217,1218,1219,1220,1221,1222,1223,1224,1225,1226,1227,1228,1229,1230,1231,1232,1233,1234,1235,1236,1237,1238,1239,1240,1241,1242,1243,1244,1245,1246,1247,1248,1249,1250,1251,1252,1253,1254,1255,1256,1257,1258,1259,1260,1261,1262,1263,1264,1265,1266,1267,1268,1269,1270,1271,1272,1273,1274,1275,1276,1277,1278,1279,1280,1281,1282,1283,1284,1285,1286,1287,1288,1289,1290,1291,1292,1293,1294,1295,1296,1297,1298,1299,1300,1301,1302,1303,1304,1305,1306,1307,1308,1309,1310,1311,1312,1313,1314,1315,1316,1317,1318,1319,1320,1321,1322,1323,1324,1325,1326,1327,1328,1329,1330,1331,1332,1333,1334,1335,1336,1337,1338,1339,1340,1341,1342,1343,1344,1345,1346,1347,1348,1349,1350,1351,1352,1353,1354,1355,1356,1357,1358,1359,1360,1361,1362,1363,1364,1365,1366,1367,1368,1369,1370,1371,1372,1373,1374,1375,1376,1377,1378,1379,1380,1381,1382,1383,1384,1385,1386,1387,1388,1389,1390,1391,1392,1393,1394,1395,1396,1397,1398,1399,1400,1401,1402,1403,1404,1405,1406,1407,1408,1409,1410,1411,1412,1413,1414,1415,1416,1417,1418,1419,1420,1421,1422,1423,1424,1425,1426,1427,1428,1429,1430,1431,1432,1433,1434,1435,1436,1437,1438,1439,1440,1441,1442,1443,1444,1445,1446,1447,1448,1449,1450,1451,1452,1453,1454,1455,1456,1457,1458,1459,1460,1461,1462,1463,1464,1465,1466,1467,1468,1469,1470,1471,1472,1473,1474,1475,1476,1477,1478,1479,1480,1481,1482,1483,1484,1485,1486,1487,1488,1489,1490,1491,1492,1493,1494,1495,1496,1497,1498,1499,1500,1501,1502,1503,1504,1505,1506,1507,1508,1509,1510,1511,1512,1513,1514,1515,1516,1517,1518,1519,1520,1521,1522,1523,1524,1525,1526,1527,1528,1529,1530,1531,1532,1533,1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#440","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:43:37.384Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu00917","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu00917.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"text":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927","662","95 linear feer + 1200\n         volumes","The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n         diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n         that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n         organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n         papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n         began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n         organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n         placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n         the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n         useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n         letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n         gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n         attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n         considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n         on the collection, the new student processors were\n         instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n         of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n         replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n         headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n         paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n         reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n         other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n         some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n         researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n         also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n         omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n         location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n         numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n         with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n         collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n         ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n         this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n         there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n         processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n         undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n         the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n         project.","The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n         iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n         self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n         mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n         production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n         Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n         mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n         1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n         produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n         Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n         Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n         limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n         Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n         Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n         Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n         every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n         bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n         church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n         the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n         cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n         they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n         statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n         Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n         $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n         Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n         of these stores carried large inventories which are\n         detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n         to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n         a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n         theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n         people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n         center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n         provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n         tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n         no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n         Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n         that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n         served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n         who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n         \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n         the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n         Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n         Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n         important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n         their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n         the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n         used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n         acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n         from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n         until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n         eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n         exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n         in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n         chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n         and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n         Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n         Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n         the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n         transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n         Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n         among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n         for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n         services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n         relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n         Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n         about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n         rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n         \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n         from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n         wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n         mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n         We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n         in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n         not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n         to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n         the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n         dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n         \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n         of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n         shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n         getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n         railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n         another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n         General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n         supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n         consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n         ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n         Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n         laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n         York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n         in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n         To Mr. George Wickes \n            Supt. of Mines \n            Kay Moor, Virginia \n            Dear George, \n            Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n            got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n            Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n            but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n            seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n            York transportations to this place have never been a\n            success.Signed, \n            Ed D. Wickes Supt. of MinesLow Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n         of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n         Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n         to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n         would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n         ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n         Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n         underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n         immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n         it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n         labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n         in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n         strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n         great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n         mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n         normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n         still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n         April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n         manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n         get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n         short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n         coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n         There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n         result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n         wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n         the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n         Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n         only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n         at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n         furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n         industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n         Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n         short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n         from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n         prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n         1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n         the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n         Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n         Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n         writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n         \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n         any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n         this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n         the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n         manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n         lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n         dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n         November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n         high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n         There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n         coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n         troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n         situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n         meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n         helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n         furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n         shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n         had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n         needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n         Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n         war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n         Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n         short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n         depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n         Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n         pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n         company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n         1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n         coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n         orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n         it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n         months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n         furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n         returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n         Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n         Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n         to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n         industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n         talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n         revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n         merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n         was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n         Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n         told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n         The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n         fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n         from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n         1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n         Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n         transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n         letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n         Iron Association, to the \n         Manufacturers Recorddated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n         tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n         claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n         production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n         the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n         furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n         trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n         in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n         equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n         only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n         increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n         25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n         Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n         furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n         northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n         all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n         competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n         the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n         southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n         were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n         producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n         should be restored to a relationship with southern\n         furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n         states iron industries should not have been in the same\n         desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n         should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n         heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n         plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n         accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n         years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n         those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n         U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n         of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n         freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n         there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n         rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n         was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n         easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n         of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n         that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n         industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n         the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n         mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n         the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n         produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n         as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n         inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n         Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n         the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n         of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n         the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n         Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n         developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n         Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n         Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n         1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n         1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n         1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n         1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n         ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n         G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n         ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n         1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n         C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n         Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n         J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n         1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n         coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n         Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n         George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n         1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n         Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n         Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n         ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n         Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n         personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n         Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n         assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.","The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n         approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n         95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n         bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n         1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n         Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n         County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n         produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n         company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n         quarries, there is considerable information about the\n         production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n         records that deal with the company's employees have\n         survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n         like. Because these books sometimes include information\n         about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n         race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n         should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n         mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n         ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n         mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n         The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n         pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n         iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n         structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n         dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n         furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n         considerable information about railroads and their\n         relationship to their customers.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n 1873-1927"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["662"],"unitid_tesim":["662"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Green Bookman in\n            1939."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["95 linear feer + 1200\n         volumes"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n         diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n         that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n         organization in the usual sense of the word.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eAs noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n         papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n         began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n         organization could be determined.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n         placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n         the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n         useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n         letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n         gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n         attic), but they, too, proved useless.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThese steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n         considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n         on the collection, the new student processors were\n         instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n         of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n         replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n         headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n         paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n         reviewed and notes taken for the guide.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSome consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n         other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n         some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n         researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n         also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n         omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n         location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n         numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n         with the papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eA certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n         collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n         ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n         this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n         there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n         processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n         undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n         the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n         project.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n         diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n         that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n         organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n         papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n         began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n         organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n         placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n         the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n         useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n         letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n         gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n         attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n         considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n         on the collection, the new student processors were\n         instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n         of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n         replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n         headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n         paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n         reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n         other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n         some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n         researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n         also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n         omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n         location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n         numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n         with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n         collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n         ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n         this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n         there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n         processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n         undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n         the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n         project."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n         iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n         self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n         mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n         production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n         Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n         mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n         1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n         produce finished iron products.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eCoal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n         Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n         Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n         limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n         Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n         Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n         Covington or Clifton Forge.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n         every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n         bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n         church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n         the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n         cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n         they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n         statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n         Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n         $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n         Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n         of these stores carried large inventories which are\n         detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n         to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n         a coal miner and his family.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n         theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n         people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n         center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n         provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n         tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n         no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n         Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n         that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n         served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n         who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n         \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n         the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n         Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n         Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n         important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n         their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n         the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n         used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n         acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n         from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n         until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n         eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n         exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n         in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n         chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n         and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n         Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n         Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003ePerhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n         the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n         transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n         Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n         among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n         for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n         services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n         relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n         Company complained many times to the C \u0026amp; O Railroad\n         about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n         rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n         \u0026amp; O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n         from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n         wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n         mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n         We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n         in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n         not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n         to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n         the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n         dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n         \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n         of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n         shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n         getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n         railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n         another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n         General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n         supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n         consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n         ovens all day.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n         Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n         laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n         York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n         in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n         \u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo Mr. George Wickes \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSupt. of Mines \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eKay Moor, Virginia \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDear George, \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n            got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n            Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n            but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n            seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n            York transportations to this place have never been a\n            success.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSigned, \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEd D. Wickes Supt. of Mines\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003eLow Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n         of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n         Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n         to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n         would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n         ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n         Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n         underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n         immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n         it is noted in the description of the box contents.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n         labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n         in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n         strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n         great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n         mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n         normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n         still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n         April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n         manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n         get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n         short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n         coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n         There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n         result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n         wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n         the United Mine Workers Union in December.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n         Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n         only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n         at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n         furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n         industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n         Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n         short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n         from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n         prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n         1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n         the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n         Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n         Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n         writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n         \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n         any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n         this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n         the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n         manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n         lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n         dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n         November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n         high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n         There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n         coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n         troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n         situation has grown serious.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWhen America became involved in the First World War, it\n         meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n         helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n         furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n         shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n         had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n         needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n         Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n         war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n         Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n         short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n         depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n         Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n         pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n         company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n         1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n         coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n         orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n         it had on hand.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n         months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n         furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n         returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n         Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n         Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n         to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n         industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n         talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n         revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n         merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n         was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n         Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n         told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n         The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n         fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n         from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n         1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWhy did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n         Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n         transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n         letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n         Iron Association, to the \n         \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eManufacturers Record\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003edated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n         tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n         claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n         production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n         the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n         furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n         trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n         in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n         equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n         only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n         increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n         25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n         Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n         furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n         northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n         all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n         competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n         the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n         southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n         were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n         producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n         should be restored to a relationship with southern\n         furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n         states iron industries should not have been in the same\n         desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n         should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n         heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n         plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n         accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n         years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n         those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n         U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n         of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n         freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n         there are other reasons.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n         rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n         was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n         easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n         of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n         that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n         industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n         the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n         mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n         the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n         produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n         as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n         inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n         Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n         the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n         of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n         the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n         Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n         developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n         Moor Iron Company.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company Personnel:\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eExecutive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n         Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n         1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n         1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n         1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n         1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n         ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n         G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n         ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n         1918-1928.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eFactory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n         C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n         Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n         J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n         1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n         coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n         Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n         George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n         1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n         Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n         Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n         ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n         Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n         personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n         Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n         assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n         iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n         self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n         mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n         production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n         Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n         mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n         1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n         produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n         Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n         Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n         limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n         Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n         Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n         Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n         every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n         bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n         church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n         the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n         cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n         they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n         statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n         Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n         $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n         Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n         of these stores carried large inventories which are\n         detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n         to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n         a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n         theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n         people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n         center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n         provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n         tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n         no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n         Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n         that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n         served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n         who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n         \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n         the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n         Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n         Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n         important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n         their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n         the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n         used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n         acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n         from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n         until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n         eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n         exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n         in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n         chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n         and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n         Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n         Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n         the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n         transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n         Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n         among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n         for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n         services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n         relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n         Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n         about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n         rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n         \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n         from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n         wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n         mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n         We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n         in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n         not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n         to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n         the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n         dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n         \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n         of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n         shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n         getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n         railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n         another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n         General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n         supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n         consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n         ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n         Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n         laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n         York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n         in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n         To Mr. George Wickes \n            Supt. of Mines \n            Kay Moor, Virginia \n            Dear George, \n            Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n            got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n            Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n            but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n            seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n            York transportations to this place have never been a\n            success.Signed, \n            Ed D. Wickes Supt. of MinesLow Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n         of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n         Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n         to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n         would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n         ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n         Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n         underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n         immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n         it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n         labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n         in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n         strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n         great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n         mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n         normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n         still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n         April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n         manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n         get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n         short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n         coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n         There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n         result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n         wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n         the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n         Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n         only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n         at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n         furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n         industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n         Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n         short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n         from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n         prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n         1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n         the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n         Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n         Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n         writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n         \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n         any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n         this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n         the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n         manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n         lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n         dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n         November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n         high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n         There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n         coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n         troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n         situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n         meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n         helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n         furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n         shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n         had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n         needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n         Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n         war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n         Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n         short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n         depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n         Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n         pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n         company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n         1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n         coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n         orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n         it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n         months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n         furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n         returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n         Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n         Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n         to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n         industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n         talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n         revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n         merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n         was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n         Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n         told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n         The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n         fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n         from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n         1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n         Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n         transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n         letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n         Iron Association, to the \n         Manufacturers Recorddated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n         tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n         claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n         production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n         the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n         furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n         trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n         in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n         equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n         only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n         increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n         25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n         Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n         furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n         northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n         all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n         competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n         the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n         southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n         were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n         producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n         should be restored to a relationship with southern\n         furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n         states iron industries should not have been in the same\n         desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n         should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n         heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n         plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n         accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n         years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n         those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n         U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n         of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n         freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n         there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n         rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n         was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n         easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n         of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n         that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n         industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n         the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n         mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n         the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n         produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n         as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n         inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n         Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n         the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n         of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n         the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n         Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n         developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n         Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n         Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n         1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n         1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n         1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n         1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n         ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n         G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n         ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n         1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n         C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n         Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n         J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n         1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n         coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n         Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n         George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n         1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n         Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n         Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n         ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n         Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n         personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n         Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n         assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n         approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n         95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n         bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n         1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n         Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n         County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThis material consists of records typical of those\n         produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n         company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n         quarries, there is considerable information about the\n         production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n         records that deal with the company's employees have\n         survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n         like. Because these books sometimes include information\n         about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n         race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n         should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n         mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n         ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n         mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n         The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n         pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n         iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n         structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n         dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n         furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n         considerable information about railroads and their\n         relationship to their customers.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n         approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n         95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n         bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n         1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n         Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n         County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n         produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n         company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n         quarries, there is considerable information about the\n         production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n         records that deal with the company's employees have\n         survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n         like. Because these books sometimes include information\n         about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n         race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n         should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n         mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n         ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n         mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n         The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n         pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n         iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n         structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n         dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n         furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n         considerable information about railroads and their\n         relationship to their customers."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1879,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:43:37.384Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c02_c441"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c01_c60","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"MsV 1: Parish Register, #178, 1662/1792","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c01_c60#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e(Use microfilm only) Original Bruton and Middleton Parish Register, which includes baptisms, confirmations, marriages, communicants, and burials in the Virginia parish from 1662 to 1792.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c01_c60#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c01_c60","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c01_c60"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c01_c60","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records, 1662/2010, bulk 1900/2000","Series 1: Administrative Records","Manuscript Volumes"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8522","viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"MsV 1: Parish Register, #178","title_ssm":["MsV 1: Parish Register, #178"],"title_tesim":["MsV 1: Parish Register, #178"],"normalized_title_ssm":["MsV 1: Parish Register, #178, 1662/1792"],"text":["MsV 1: Parish Register, #178, 1662/1792","Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records, 1662/2010, bulk 1900/2000","Series 1: Administrative Records","Manuscript Volumes","Volume 60","(Use microfilm only) Original Bruton and Middleton Parish Register, which includes baptisms, confirmations, marriages, communicants, and burials in the Virginia parish from 1662 to 1792.","This volume has been digitized by Bruton Parish Church and is available at this link:  http://heritagecenter.brutonparish.org/"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records, 1662/2010, bulk 1900/2000","Series 1: Administrative Records","Manuscript Volumes"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records, 1662/2010, bulk 1900/2000","Series 1: Administrative Records","Manuscript Volumes"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1662/1792"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1662-1792"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":62,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records, 1662/2010, bulk 1900/2000"],"containers_ssim":["Volume 60"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Bruton Parish Church Archives are deposited in Swem Library. Except for some confidential material, they are open to the public. Only the microfilm of the eighteenth-century parish register may be used. It is suggested the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian at Swem Library be contacted before coming to use the collection. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"date_range_isim":[1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e(Use microfilm only) Original Bruton and Middleton Parish Register, which includes baptisms, confirmations, marriages, communicants, and burials in the Virginia parish from 1662 to 1792.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis volume has been digitized by Bruton Parish Church and is available at this link:  http://heritagecenter.brutonparish.org/\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["(Use microfilm only) Original Bruton and Middleton Parish Register, which includes baptisms, confirmations, marriages, communicants, and burials in the Virginia parish from 1662 to 1792.","This volume has been digitized by Bruton Parish Church and is available at this link:  http://heritagecenter.brutonparish.org/"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#59","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:51:32.728Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8522","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8522.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) Records","title_ssm":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records"],"title_tesim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1662-[ongoing]","1900-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1662-[ongoing]"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1900-2000"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1662/2010, bulk 1900/2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records, 1662/2010, bulk 1900/2000"],"text":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records, 1662/2010, bulk 1900/2000","01/Mss. 91 B38","/repositories/2/resources/8522","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Episcopal Church--Virginia--History--19th century","Episcopal Church--Virginia--History--20th century","Marriage registers","Negatives","Photographs","Publications","Slides (photographs)","The Bruton Parish Church Archives are deposited in Swem Library. Except for some confidential material, they are open to the public. Only the microfilm of the eighteenth-century parish register may be used. It is suggested the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian at Swem Library be contacted before coming to use the collection. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Additional deposits are made on an ongoing basis.","This collection includes the following series:Series 1: Administrative Records, Series 2: Diocese, Ministers and Other Personnel, Series 3: Church Programs and Services, Series 4: Buildings and Grounds, Series 5: Church History, Series 6: Artifacts, Blueprints, Photographs and Newspaper Clippings, Series 7: Manuscript Volumes including registers, vestry minutes, Series 8: Additions received from 2010 onward.  The printed books belonging to the Bruton Parish Church Collection are cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog,","Bruton Parish Church is located in the restored area of Colonial Williamsburg in Williamsburg, Virginia. It was established in the 17th century in the Virginia Colony, and is an active Episcopal parish. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Held by Bruton Parish Church until 1991. Certain parish registers remain at the church. Please contact the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian before coming to use the collection.","The collection was previously processed by various members of the Special Collections Research Center staff prior to 2008. In 2008-2009 Nichole Lidstrom arranged and described the records of Bruton Parish Church bringing together the various accessions into a single record group. Acc. 2013.246 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2013.","Bruton Parish Church Parish Aid Society Minute Book (Mss. MsV Ch7), Bruton Parish Church Account Book (Mss. MsV Ac18). Mansucripts Audiovisual Collection (Mss. 1.04)","Records of Bruton Parish Church, Williamsburg, Va.","The following was separated from Acc. 2013.246 and are now part of the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection:  A Williamsburg Recital, played on the organ of Bruton Parish Church, James Darling, organist. CD. Acc. 2013.246.001    \n  Exploring Bruton Steeple, PBS Woodwright, January 1993. VHS. Acc. 2013.246.002    \n  Exploring Bruton Steeple, PBS Woodwright, January 1993. DVD. Acc. 2013.246.003   \n  A Concert of Eighteenth-Century Music performed by J.S. Darling on the Wren Chapel Organ at the College of William and Mary in Virginia, Phonograph. Acc. 2013.246.004","Special Collections Research Center","Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)","Pendleton, Charlotte","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records, 1662/2010, bulk 1900/2000"],"collection_ssim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records, 1662/2010, bulk 1900/2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01/Mss. 91 B38","/repositories/2/resources/8522"],"unitid_tesim":["01/Mss. 91 B38","/repositories/2/resources/8522"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century"],"places_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century"],"creator_ssm":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Pendleton, Charlotte"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Pendleton, Charlotte","Special Collections Research Center","Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Deposit."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Episcopal Church--Virginia--History--19th century","Episcopal Church--Virginia--History--20th century","Marriage registers","Negatives","Photographs","Publications","Slides (photographs)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Episcopal Church--Virginia--History--19th century","Episcopal Church--Virginia--History--20th century","Marriage registers","Negatives","Photographs","Publications","Slides (photographs)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["89.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["89.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Marriage registers","Negatives","Photographs","Publications","Slides (photographs)"],"date_range_isim":[1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Bruton Parish Church Archives are deposited in Swem Library. Except for some confidential material, they are open to the public. Only the microfilm of the eighteenth-century parish register may be used. It is suggested the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian at Swem Library be contacted before coming to use the collection. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Bruton Parish Church Archives are deposited in Swem Library. Except for some confidential material, they are open to the public. Only the microfilm of the eighteenth-century parish register may be used. It is suggested the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian at Swem Library be contacted before coming to use the collection. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional deposits are made on an ongoing basis.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals:"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional deposits are made on an ongoing basis."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes the following series:Series 1: Administrative Records, Series 2: Diocese, Ministers and Other Personnel, Series 3: Church Programs and Services, Series 4: Buildings and Grounds, Series 5: Church History, Series 6: Artifacts, Blueprints, Photographs and Newspaper Clippings, Series 7: Manuscript Volumes including registers, vestry minutes, Series 8: Additions received from 2010 onward.  The printed books belonging to the Bruton Parish Church Collection are cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog,\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection includes the following series:Series 1: Administrative Records, Series 2: Diocese, Ministers and Other Personnel, Series 3: Church Programs and Services, Series 4: Buildings and Grounds, Series 5: Church History, Series 6: Artifacts, Blueprints, Photographs and Newspaper Clippings, Series 7: Manuscript Volumes including registers, vestry minutes, Series 8: Additions received from 2010 onward.  The printed books belonging to the Bruton Parish Church Collection are cataloged in the Swem Library online catalog,"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBruton Parish Church is located in the restored area of Colonial Williamsburg in Williamsburg, Virginia. It was established in the 17th century in the Virginia Colony, and is an active Episcopal parish. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Bruton_Parish_Church_(Williamsburg,_Va.)\" title=\"Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Bruton Parish Church is located in the restored area of Colonial Williamsburg in Williamsburg, Virginia. It was established in the 17th century in the Virginia Colony, and is an active Episcopal parish. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: ."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHeld by Bruton Parish Church until 1991. Certain parish registers remain at the church. Please contact the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian before coming to use the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History:"],"custodhist_tesim":["Held by Bruton Parish Church until 1991. Certain parish registers remain at the church. Please contact the Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian before coming to use the collection."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) Records, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) Records, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was previously processed by various members of the Special Collections Research Center staff prior to 2008. In 2008-2009 Nichole Lidstrom arranged and described the records of Bruton Parish Church bringing together the various accessions into a single record group. Acc. 2013.246 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2013.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was previously processed by various members of the Special Collections Research Center staff prior to 2008. In 2008-2009 Nichole Lidstrom arranged and described the records of Bruton Parish Church bringing together the various accessions into a single record group. Acc. 2013.246 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBruton Parish Church Parish Aid Society Minute Book (Mss. MsV Ch7), Bruton Parish Church Account Book (Mss. MsV Ac18). Mansucripts Audiovisual Collection (Mss. 1.04)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Bruton Parish Church Parish Aid Society Minute Book (Mss. MsV Ch7), Bruton Parish Church Account Book (Mss. MsV Ac18). Mansucripts Audiovisual Collection (Mss. 1.04)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Bruton Parish Church, Williamsburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records of Bruton Parish Church, Williamsburg, Va."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following was separated from Acc. 2013.246 and are now part of the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection:  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Williamsburg Recital\u003c/emph\u003e, played on the organ of Bruton Parish Church, James Darling, organist. CD. Acc. 2013.246.001    \n  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eExploring Bruton Steeple\u003c/emph\u003e, PBS Woodwright, January 1993. VHS. Acc. 2013.246.002    \n  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eExploring Bruton Steeple\u003c/emph\u003e, PBS Woodwright, January 1993. DVD. Acc. 2013.246.003   \n  \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Concert of Eighteenth-Century Music \u003c/emph\u003eperformed by J.S. Darling on the Wren Chapel Organ at the College of William and Mary in Virginia, Phonograph. Acc. 2013.246.004\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials:"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following was separated from Acc. 2013.246 and are now part of the Manuscripts Audiovisual Collection:  A Williamsburg Recital, played on the organ of Bruton Parish Church, James Darling, organist. CD. Acc. 2013.246.001    \n  Exploring Bruton Steeple, PBS Woodwright, January 1993. VHS. Acc. 2013.246.002    \n  Exploring Bruton Steeple, PBS Woodwright, January 1993. DVD. Acc. 2013.246.003   \n  A Concert of Eighteenth-Century Music performed by J.S. Darling on the Wren Chapel Organ at the College of William and Mary in Virginia, Phonograph. Acc. 2013.246.004"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Pendleton, Charlotte"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.)","Pendleton, Charlotte"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2083,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:51:32.728Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8522_c01_c01_c60"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":31},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary"}},{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","value":"The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=The+George+Washington+Presidential+Library+at+Mount+Vernon"}},{"attributes":{"label":"University of Richmond","value":"University of Richmond","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Richmond"}},{"attributes":{"label":"University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept.","value":"University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept.","hits":21},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Virginia%2C+Special+Collections+Dept."}},{"attributes":{"label":"West Virginia and Regional History Center","value":"West Virginia and Regional History Center","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=West+Virginia+and+Regional+History+Center"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"1828 Catalogue Project digital image collection, 2012/2019","value":"1828 Catalogue Project digital image collection, 2012/2019","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=1828+Catalogue+Project+digital+image+collection%2C+2012%2F2019\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Armistead-Cocke Papers, 1680/1917","value":"Armistead-Cocke Papers, 1680/1917","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Armistead-Cocke+Papers%2C+1680%2F1917\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Baylor Family Papers \n 1653-1915","value":"Baylor Family Papers \n 1653-1915","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Baylor+Family+Papers+%0A+1653-1915\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Berkeley Family Papers \n 1536-present","value":"Berkeley Family Papers \n 1536-present","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Berkeley+Family+Papers+%0A+1536-present\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records, 1662/2010, bulk 1900/2000","value":"Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) records, 1662/2010, bulk 1900/2000","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Bruton+Parish+Church+%28Williamsburg%2C+Va.%29+records%2C+1662%2F2010%2C+bulk+1900%2F2000\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection, 1579/1961","value":"C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection, 1579/1961","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=C.+Harrison+Mann%2C+Jr.+Map+Collection%2C+1579%2F1961\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"C. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection, 1579/1961","value":"C. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection, 1579/1961","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=C.+Harrison+Mann%2C+Jr.+map+collection%2C+1579%2F1961\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861","value":"Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Carter+Family+Papers%2C+1667%2F1862%2C+bulk+1792%2F1861\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Henkel Family Papers \n 1791-1885","value":"Henkel Family Papers \n 1791-1885","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Henkel+Family+Papers+%0A+1791-1885\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Henry Rose Carter papers, 1775/1947","value":"Henry Rose Carter papers, 1775/1947","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Henry+Rose+Carter+papers%2C+1775%2F1947\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Historic Maps of Europe, 1572/1845","value":"Historic Maps of Europe, 1572/1845","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Historic+Maps+of+Europe%2C+1572%2F1845\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"type":"facet","id":"date_range_isim","attributes":{"label":"Date range","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"909","value":"909","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=909\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"910","value":"910","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=910\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"911","value":"911","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=911\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"912","value":"912","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=912\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"913","value":"913","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=913\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"914","value":"914","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=914\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"915","value":"915","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=915\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"916","value":"916","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=916\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"917","value":"917","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=917\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"918","value":"918","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=918\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"attributes":{"label":"919","value":"919","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=919\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/date_range_isim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"type":"facet","id":"names_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Names","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","value":"Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Albert+and+Shirley+Small+Special+Collections+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Gerard Valk","value":"Gerard Valk","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Gerard+Valk"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Guillaume Sanson","value":"Guillaume Sanson","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Guillaume+Sanson"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Nicolas Sanson","value":"Nicolas Sanson","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Nicolas+Sanson"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Pierre Mortier","value":"Pierre Mortier","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Pierre+Mortier"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Theodorus I Danckerts","value":"Theodorus I Danckerts","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Theodorus+I+Danckerts"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/names_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access_subjects_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Subjects","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Commonplace books","value":"Commonplace books","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Commonplace+books\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access_subjects_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"type":"facet","id":"level_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Level","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Collection","value":"Collection","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Item","value":"Item","hits":62},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/level_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access","attributes":{"label":"Access","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Online access","value":"online","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess%5D%5B%5D=online\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"all_fields","attributes":{"label":"All Fields"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4\u0026search_field=all_fields"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"keyword","attributes":{"label":"Keyword"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4\u0026search_field=keyword"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"name","attributes":{"label":"Name"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4\u0026search_field=name"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"place","attributes":{"label":"Place"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4\u0026search_field=place"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"subject","attributes":{"label":"Subject"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4\u0026search_field=subject"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"title","attributes":{"label":"Title"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4\u0026search_field=title"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"container","attributes":{"label":"Container"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4\u0026search_field=container"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"identifier","attributes":{"label":"Identifier"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4\u0026search_field=identifier"}},{"type":"sort","id":"score desc, title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"relevance"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4\u0026sort=score+desc%2C+title_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"date (ascending)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4\u0026sort=date_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"date (descending)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4\u0026sort=date_sort+desc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"creator (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4\u0026sort=creator_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"creator (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4\u0026sort=creator_sort+desc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"title (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4\u0026sort=title_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"title (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1700\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4\u0026sort=title_sort+desc"}}]}