{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=7\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=6\u0026view=compact","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=8\u0026view=compact","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=9\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":7,"next_page":8,"prev_page":6,"total_pages":9,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":60,"total_count":90,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_161","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_161#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"A compilation of genealogical and historical information of the Brokaw, Carmichael, Cole, Forbes, Rapalje, Swartwout, Van Ness, and Ward families, compiled by Margaret Forbes Brand.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_161#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_161","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_161","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_161","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_161","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_161.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/194916","title_ssm":["Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies"],"title_tesim":["Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1500-1965"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1500-1965"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2323","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/161"],"text":["A\u0026M 2323","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/161","Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","A compilation of genealogical and historical information of the Brokaw, Carmichael, Cole, Forbes, Rapalje, Swartwout, Van Ness, and Ward families, compiled by Margaret Forbes Brand.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Cole family - Genealogy","Van Ness family - Genealogy","Swartout family - Genealogy","Brandt family","Broucard family - Genealogy","Rapalje family - Genealogy","Ward family","Carmicheal family - Genealogy","Forbes family - Genealogy","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2323","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/161"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies"],"collection_title_tesim":["Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies"],"collection_ssim":["Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0 Linear Feet Summary: 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0 Linear Feet Summary: 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1500,1501,1502,1503,1504,1505,1506,1507,1508,1509,1510,1511,1512,1513,1514,1515,1516,1517,1518,1519,1520,1521,1522,1523,1524,1525,1526,1527,1528,1529,1530,1531,1532,1533,1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies, A\u0026amp;M 2323, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies, A\u0026M 2323, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0bc12e8ea849ba34c0bc4c5a68be0f69\"\u003eA compilation of genealogical and historical information of the Brokaw, Carmichael, Cole, Forbes, Rapalje, Swartwout, Van Ness, and Ward families, compiled by Margaret Forbes Brand.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A compilation of genealogical and historical information of the Brokaw, Carmichael, Cole, Forbes, Rapalje, Swartwout, Van Ness, and Ward families, compiled by Margaret Forbes Brand."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_c63c0ea62ca1d92c6d2e2aec55bc66c4\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Cole family - Genealogy","Van Ness family - Genealogy","Swartout family - Genealogy","Brandt family","Broucard family - Genealogy","Rapalje family - Genealogy","Ward family","Carmicheal family - Genealogy","Forbes family - Genealogy"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cole family - Genealogy","Van Ness family - Genealogy","Swartout family - Genealogy","Brandt family","Broucard family - Genealogy","Rapalje family - Genealogy","Ward family","Carmicheal family - Genealogy","Forbes family - Genealogy"],"famname_ssim":["Cole family - Genealogy","Van Ness family - Genealogy","Swartout family - Genealogy","Brandt family","Broucard family - Genealogy","Rapalje family - Genealogy","Ward family","Carmicheal family - Genealogy","Forbes family - Genealogy"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:15:23.288Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_161","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_161","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_161","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_161","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_161.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/194916","title_ssm":["Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies"],"title_tesim":["Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1500-1965"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1500-1965"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2323","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/161"],"text":["A\u0026M 2323","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/161","Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","A compilation of genealogical and historical information of the Brokaw, Carmichael, Cole, Forbes, Rapalje, Swartwout, Van Ness, and Ward families, compiled by Margaret Forbes Brand.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Cole family - Genealogy","Van Ness family - Genealogy","Swartout family - Genealogy","Brandt family","Broucard family - Genealogy","Rapalje family - Genealogy","Ward family","Carmicheal family - Genealogy","Forbes family - Genealogy","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2323","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/161"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies"],"collection_title_tesim":["Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies"],"collection_ssim":["Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0 Linear Feet Summary: 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0 Linear Feet Summary: 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1500,1501,1502,1503,1504,1505,1506,1507,1508,1509,1510,1511,1512,1513,1514,1515,1516,1517,1518,1519,1520,1521,1522,1523,1524,1525,1526,1527,1528,1529,1530,1531,1532,1533,1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies, A\u0026amp;M 2323, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Margaret Forbes Brand, Compiler, Genealogies, A\u0026M 2323, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0bc12e8ea849ba34c0bc4c5a68be0f69\"\u003eA compilation of genealogical and historical information of the Brokaw, Carmichael, Cole, Forbes, Rapalje, Swartwout, Van Ness, and Ward families, compiled by Margaret Forbes Brand.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A compilation of genealogical and historical information of the Brokaw, Carmichael, Cole, Forbes, Rapalje, Swartwout, Van Ness, and Ward families, compiled by Margaret Forbes Brand."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_c63c0ea62ca1d92c6d2e2aec55bc66c4\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Cole family - Genealogy","Van Ness family - Genealogy","Swartout family - Genealogy","Brandt family","Broucard family - Genealogy","Rapalje family - Genealogy","Ward family","Carmicheal family - Genealogy","Forbes family - Genealogy"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cole family - Genealogy","Van Ness family - Genealogy","Swartout family - Genealogy","Brandt family","Broucard family - Genealogy","Rapalje family - Genealogy","Ward family","Carmicheal family - Genealogy","Forbes family - Genealogy"],"famname_ssim":["Cole family - Genealogy","Van Ness family - Genealogy","Swartout family - Genealogy","Brandt family","Broucard family - Genealogy","Rapalje family - Genealogy","Ward family","Carmicheal family - Genealogy","Forbes family - Genealogy"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:15:23.288Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_161"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1058","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Mining Industry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1058#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1058","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1058","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1058","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1058","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_1058.xml","title_ssm":["Mining Industry"],"title_tesim":["Mining Industry"],"unitdate_ssm":["1000-2000"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1000-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RHS-Coll-0088","/repositories/5/resources/1058"],"text":["RHS-Coll-0088","/repositories/5/resources/1058","Mining Industry","This collection is open for research use.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Rockbridge County News","Richmond Times-Dispatch","Rockbridge Company (Rockbridge County, Va.)","Brady, Douglas Ellinipsico, Jr.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RHS-Coll-0088","/repositories/5/resources/1058"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mining Industry"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mining Industry"],"collection_ssim":["Mining Industry"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["14 Files"],"extent_tesim":["14 Files"],"date_range_isim":[1000,1001,1002,1003,1004,1005,1006,1007,1008,1009,1010,1011,1012,1013,1014,1015,1016,1017,1018,1019,1020,1021,1022,1023,1024,1025,1026,1027,1028,1029,1030,1031,1032,1033,1034,1035,1036,1037,1038,1039,1040,1041,1042,1043,1044,1045,1046,1047,1048,1049,1050,1051,1052,1053,1054,1055,1056,1057,1058,1059,1060,1061,1062,1063,1064,1065,1066,1067,1068,1069,1070,1071,1072,1073,1074,1075,1076,1077,1078,1079,1080,1081,1082,1083,1084,1085,1086,1087,1088,1089,1090,1091,1092,1093,1094,1095,1096,1097,1098,1099,1100,1101,1102,1103,1104,1105,1106,1107,1108,1109,1110,1111,1112,1113,1114,1115,1116,1117,1118,1119,1120,1121,1122,1123,1124,1125,1126,1127,1128,1129,1130,1131,1132,1133,1134,1135,1136,1137,1138,1139,1140,1141,1142,1143,1144,1145,1146,1147,1148,1149,1150,1151,1152,1153,1154,1155,1156,1157,1158,1159,1160,1161,1162,1163,1164,1165,1166,1167,1168,1169,1170,1171,1172,1173,1174,1175,1176,1177,1178,1179,1180,1181,1182,1183,1184,1185,1186,1187,1188,1189,1190,1191,1192,1193,1194,1195,1196,1197,1198,1199,1200,1201,1202,1203,1204,1205,1206,1207,1208,1209,1210,1211,1212,1213,1214,1215,1216,1217,1218,1219,1220,1221,1222,1223,1224,1225,1226,1227,1228,1229,1230,1231,1232,1233,1234,1235,1236,1237,1238,1239,1240,1241,1242,1243,1244,1245,1246,1247,1248,1249,1250,1251,1252,1253,1254,1255,1256,1257,1258,1259,1260,1261,1262,1263,1264,1265,1266,1267,1268,1269,1270,1271,1272,1273,1274,1275,1276,1277,1278,1279,1280,1281,1282,1283,1284,1285,1286,1287,1288,1289,1290,1291,1292,1293,1294,1295,1296,1297,1298,1299,1300,1301,1302,1303,1304,1305,1306,1307,1308,1309,1310,1311,1312,1313,1314,1315,1316,1317,1318,1319,1320,1321,1322,1323,1324,1325,1326,1327,1328,1329,1330,1331,1332,1333,1334,1335,1336,1337,1338,1339,1340,1341,1342,1343,1344,1345,1346,1347,1348,1349,1350,1351,1352,1353,1354,1355,1356,1357,1358,1359,1360,1361,1362,1363,1364,1365,1366,1367,1368,1369,1370,1371,1372,1373,1374,1375,1376,1377,1378,1379,1380,1381,1382,1383,1384,1385,1386,1387,1388,1389,1390,1391,1392,1393,1394,1395,1396,1397,1398,1399,1400,1401,1402,1403,1404,1405,1406,1407,1408,1409,1410,1411,1412,1413,1414,1415,1416,1417,1418,1419,1420,1421,1422,1423,1424,1425,1426,1427,1428,1429,1430,1431,1432,1433,1434,1435,1436,1437,1438,1439,1440,1441,1442,1443,1444,1445,1446,1447,1448,1449,1450,1451,1452,1453,1454,1455,1456,1457,1458,1459,1460,1461,1462,1463,1464,1465,1466,1467,1468,1469,1470,1471,1472,1473,1474,1475,1476,1477,1478,1479,1480,1481,1482,1483,1484,1485,1486,1487,1488,1489,1490,1491,1492,1493,1494,1495,1496,1497,1498,1499,1500,1501,1502,1503,1504,1505,1506,1507,1508,1509,1510,1511,1512,1513,1514,1515,1516,1517,1518,1519,1520,1521,1522,1523,1524,1525,1526,1527,1528,1529,1530,1531,1532,1533,1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of Item], Mining Industry, RHS Coll. 0088, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA. In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of Item], Mining Industry, RHS Coll. 0088, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA. In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Rockbridge County News","Richmond Times-Dispatch","Rockbridge Company (Rockbridge County, Va.)","Brady, Douglas Ellinipsico, Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Rockbridge County News","Richmond Times-Dispatch","Rockbridge Company (Rockbridge County, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Brady, Douglas Ellinipsico, Jr."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":14,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:51:43.963Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1058","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1058","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1058","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1058","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_1058.xml","title_ssm":["Mining Industry"],"title_tesim":["Mining Industry"],"unitdate_ssm":["1000-2000"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1000-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RHS-Coll-0088","/repositories/5/resources/1058"],"text":["RHS-Coll-0088","/repositories/5/resources/1058","Mining Industry","This collection is open for research use.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Rockbridge County News","Richmond Times-Dispatch","Rockbridge Company (Rockbridge County, Va.)","Brady, Douglas Ellinipsico, Jr.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RHS-Coll-0088","/repositories/5/resources/1058"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mining Industry"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mining Industry"],"collection_ssim":["Mining Industry"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["14 Files"],"extent_tesim":["14 Files"],"date_range_isim":[1000,1001,1002,1003,1004,1005,1006,1007,1008,1009,1010,1011,1012,1013,1014,1015,1016,1017,1018,1019,1020,1021,1022,1023,1024,1025,1026,1027,1028,1029,1030,1031,1032,1033,1034,1035,1036,1037,1038,1039,1040,1041,1042,1043,1044,1045,1046,1047,1048,1049,1050,1051,1052,1053,1054,1055,1056,1057,1058,1059,1060,1061,1062,1063,1064,1065,1066,1067,1068,1069,1070,1071,1072,1073,1074,1075,1076,1077,1078,1079,1080,1081,1082,1083,1084,1085,1086,1087,1088,1089,1090,1091,1092,1093,1094,1095,1096,1097,1098,1099,1100,1101,1102,1103,1104,1105,1106,1107,1108,1109,1110,1111,1112,1113,1114,1115,1116,1117,1118,1119,1120,1121,1122,1123,1124,1125,1126,1127,1128,1129,1130,1131,1132,1133,1134,1135,1136,1137,1138,1139,1140,1141,1142,1143,1144,1145,1146,1147,1148,1149,1150,1151,1152,1153,1154,1155,1156,1157,1158,1159,1160,1161,1162,1163,1164,1165,1166,1167,1168,1169,1170,1171,1172,1173,1174,1175,1176,1177,1178,1179,1180,1181,1182,1183,1184,1185,1186,1187,1188,1189,1190,1191,1192,1193,1194,1195,1196,1197,1198,1199,1200,1201,1202,1203,1204,1205,1206,1207,1208,1209,1210,1211,1212,1213,1214,1215,1216,1217,1218,1219,1220,1221,1222,1223,1224,1225,1226,1227,1228,1229,1230,1231,1232,1233,1234,1235,1236,1237,1238,1239,1240,1241,1242,1243,1244,1245,1246,1247,1248,1249,1250,1251,1252,1253,1254,1255,1256,1257,1258,1259,1260,1261,1262,1263,1264,1265,1266,1267,1268,1269,1270,1271,1272,1273,1274,1275,1276,1277,1278,1279,1280,1281,1282,1283,1284,1285,1286,1287,1288,1289,1290,1291,1292,1293,1294,1295,1296,1297,1298,1299,1300,1301,1302,1303,1304,1305,1306,1307,1308,1309,1310,1311,1312,1313,1314,1315,1316,1317,1318,1319,1320,1321,1322,1323,1324,1325,1326,1327,1328,1329,1330,1331,1332,1333,1334,1335,1336,1337,1338,1339,1340,1341,1342,1343,1344,1345,1346,1347,1348,1349,1350,1351,1352,1353,1354,1355,1356,1357,1358,1359,1360,1361,1362,1363,1364,1365,1366,1367,1368,1369,1370,1371,1372,1373,1374,1375,1376,1377,1378,1379,1380,1381,1382,1383,1384,1385,1386,1387,1388,1389,1390,1391,1392,1393,1394,1395,1396,1397,1398,1399,1400,1401,1402,1403,1404,1405,1406,1407,1408,1409,1410,1411,1412,1413,1414,1415,1416,1417,1418,1419,1420,1421,1422,1423,1424,1425,1426,1427,1428,1429,1430,1431,1432,1433,1434,1435,1436,1437,1438,1439,1440,1441,1442,1443,1444,1445,1446,1447,1448,1449,1450,1451,1452,1453,1454,1455,1456,1457,1458,1459,1460,1461,1462,1463,1464,1465,1466,1467,1468,1469,1470,1471,1472,1473,1474,1475,1476,1477,1478,1479,1480,1481,1482,1483,1484,1485,1486,1487,1488,1489,1490,1491,1492,1493,1494,1495,1496,1497,1498,1499,1500,1501,1502,1503,1504,1505,1506,1507,1508,1509,1510,1511,1512,1513,1514,1515,1516,1517,1518,1519,1520,1521,1522,1523,1524,1525,1526,1527,1528,1529,1530,1531,1532,1533,1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of Item], Mining Industry, RHS Coll. 0088, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA. In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of Item], Mining Industry, RHS Coll. 0088, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA. In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Rockbridge County News","Richmond Times-Dispatch","Rockbridge Company (Rockbridge County, Va.)","Brady, Douglas Ellinipsico, Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Rockbridge County News","Richmond Times-Dispatch","Rockbridge Company (Rockbridge County, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Brady, Douglas Ellinipsico, Jr."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":14,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:51:43.963Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1058"}},{"id":"viu_viu00917_c02_c441","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Miscellaneous correspondence\n                  \"Ce-Co\"","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c02_c441#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c02_c441","ref_ssm":["viu_viu00917_c02_c441"],"id":"viu_viu00917_c02_c441","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_viu00917_c02","parent_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu00917","viu_viu00917_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n          1873-1927","Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n          1873-1927","Records"],"text":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n          1873-1927","Records","Miscellaneous correspondence\n                  \"Ce-Co\"","box Box 40"],"title_filing_ssi":"Miscellaneous correspondence\n                  \"Ce-Co\"","title_ssm":["Miscellaneous correspondence\n                  \"Ce-Co\""],"title_tesim":["Miscellaneous correspondence\n                  \"Ce-Co\""],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1900, 1903, (Feb. -Dec. 1094)"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1094/1903"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Miscellaneous correspondence\n                  \"Ce-Co\""],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n          1873-1927"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":625,"date_range_isim":[1094,1095,1096,1097,1098,1099,1100,1101,1102,1103,1104,1105,1106,1107,1108,1109,1110,1111,1112,1113,1114,1115,1116,1117,1118,1119,1120,1121,1122,1123,1124,1125,1126,1127,1128,1129,1130,1131,1132,1133,1134,1135,1136,1137,1138,1139,1140,1141,1142,1143,1144,1145,1146,1147,1148,1149,1150,1151,1152,1153,1154,1155,1156,1157,1158,1159,1160,1161,1162,1163,1164,1165,1166,1167,1168,1169,1170,1171,1172,1173,1174,1175,1176,1177,1178,1179,1180,1181,1182,1183,1184,1185,1186,1187,1188,1189,1190,1191,1192,1193,1194,1195,1196,1197,1198,1199,1200,1201,1202,1203,1204,1205,1206,1207,1208,1209,1210,1211,1212,1213,1214,1215,1216,1217,1218,1219,1220,1221,1222,1223,1224,1225,1226,1227,1228,1229,1230,1231,1232,1233,1234,1235,1236,1237,1238,1239,1240,1241,1242,1243,1244,1245,1246,1247,1248,1249,1250,1251,1252,1253,1254,1255,1256,1257,1258,1259,1260,1261,1262,1263,1264,1265,1266,1267,1268,1269,1270,1271,1272,1273,1274,1275,1276,1277,1278,1279,1280,1281,1282,1283,1284,1285,1286,1287,1288,1289,1290,1291,1292,1293,1294,1295,1296,1297,1298,1299,1300,1301,1302,1303,1304,1305,1306,1307,1308,1309,1310,1311,1312,1313,1314,1315,1316,1317,1318,1319,1320,1321,1322,1323,1324,1325,1326,1327,1328,1329,1330,1331,1332,1333,1334,1335,1336,1337,1338,1339,1340,1341,1342,1343,1344,1345,1346,1347,1348,1349,1350,1351,1352,1353,1354,1355,1356,1357,1358,1359,1360,1361,1362,1363,1364,1365,1366,1367,1368,1369,1370,1371,1372,1373,1374,1375,1376,1377,1378,1379,1380,1381,1382,1383,1384,1385,1386,1387,1388,1389,1390,1391,1392,1393,1394,1395,1396,1397,1398,1399,1400,1401,1402,1403,1404,1405,1406,1407,1408,1409,1410,1411,1412,1413,1414,1415,1416,1417,1418,1419,1420,1421,1422,1423,1424,1425,1426,1427,1428,1429,1430,1431,1432,1433,1434,1435,1436,1437,1438,1439,1440,1441,1442,1443,1444,1445,1446,1447,1448,1449,1450,1451,1452,1453,1454,1455,1456,1457,1458,1459,1460,1461,1462,1463,1464,1465,1466,1467,1468,1469,1470,1471,1472,1473,1474,1475,1476,1477,1478,1479,1480,1481,1482,1483,1484,1485,1486,1487,1488,1489,1490,1491,1492,1493,1494,1495,1496,1497,1498,1499,1500,1501,1502,1503,1504,1505,1506,1507,1508,1509,1510,1511,1512,1513,1514,1515,1516,1517,1518,1519,1520,1521,1522,1523,1524,1525,1526,1527,1528,1529,1530,1531,1532,1533,1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903],"containers_ssim":["box Box 40"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#440","timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:17:12.165Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu00917","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00917","_root_":"viu_viu00917","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00917","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu00917.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n          1873-1927"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n          1873-1927"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["662"],"text":["662","Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n          1873-1927","95 linear feer + 1200\n         volumes","The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n         diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n         that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n         organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n         papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n         began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n         organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n         placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n         the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n         useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n         letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n         gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n         attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n         considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n         on the collection, the new student processors were\n         instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n         of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n         replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n         headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n         paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n         reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n         other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n         some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n         researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n         also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n         omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n         location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n         numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n         with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n         collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n         ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n         this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n         there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n         processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n         undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n         the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n         project.","The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n         iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n         self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n         mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n         production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n         Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n         mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n         1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n         produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n         Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n         Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n         limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n         Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n         Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n         Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n         every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n         bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n         church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n         the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n         cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n         they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n         statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n         Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n         $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n         Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n         of these stores carried large inventories which are\n         detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n         to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n         a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n         theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n         people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n         center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n         provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n         tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n         no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n         Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n         that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n         served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n         who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n         \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n         the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n         Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n         Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n         important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n         their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n         the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n         used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n         acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n         from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n         until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n         eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n         exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n         in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n         chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n         and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n         Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n         Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n         the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n         transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n         Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n         among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n         for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n         services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n         relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n         Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n         about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n         rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n         \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n         from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n         wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n         mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n         We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n         in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n         not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n         to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n         the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n         dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n         \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n         of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n         shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n         getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n         railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n         another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n         General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n         supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n         consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n         ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n         Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n         laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n         York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n         in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n          To Mr. George Wickes \n             Supt. of Mines \n             Kay Moor, Virginia \n             Dear George, \n             Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n            got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n            Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n            but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n            seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n            York transportations to this place have never been a\n            success. Signed, \n             Ed D. Wickes Supt. of Mines Low Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n         of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n         Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n         to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n         would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n         ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n         Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n         underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n         immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n         it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n         labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n         in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n         strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n         great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n         mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n         normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n         still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n         April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n         manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n         get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n         short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n         coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n         There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n         result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n         wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n         the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n         Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n         only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n         at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n         furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n         industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n         Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n         short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n         from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n         prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n         1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n         the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n         Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n         Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n         writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n         \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n         any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n         this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n         the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n         manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n         lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n         dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n         November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n         high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n         There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n         coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n         troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n         situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n         meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n         helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n         furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n         shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n         had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n         needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n         Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n         war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n         Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n         short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n         depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n         Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n         pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n         company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n         1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n         coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n         orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n         it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n         months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n         furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n         returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n         Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n         Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n         to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n         industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n         talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n         revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n         merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n         was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n         Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n         told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n         The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n         fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n         from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n         1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n         Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n         transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n         letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n         Iron Association, to the \n          Manufacturers Record dated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n         tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n         claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n         production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n         the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n         furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n         trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n         in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n         equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n         only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n         increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n         25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n         Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n         furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n         northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n         all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n         competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n         the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n         southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n         were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n         producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n         should be restored to a relationship with southern\n         furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n         states iron industries should not have been in the same\n         desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n         should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n         heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n         plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n         accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n         years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n         those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n         U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n         of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n         freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n         there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n         rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n         was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n         easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n         of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n         that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n         industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n         the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n         mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n         the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n         produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n         as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n         inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n         Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n         the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n         of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n         the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n         Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n         developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n         Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n         Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n         1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n         1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n         1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n         1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n         ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n         G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n         ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n         1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n         C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n         Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n         J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n         1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n         coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n         Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n         George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n         1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n         Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n         Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n         ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n         Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n         personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n         Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n         assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.","The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n         approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n         95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n         bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n         1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n         Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n         County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n         produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n         company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n         quarries, there is considerable information about the\n         production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n         records that deal with the company's employees have\n         survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n         like. Because these books sometimes include information\n         about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n         race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n         should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n         mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n         ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n         mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n         The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n         pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n         iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n         structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n         dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n         furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n         considerable information about railroads and their\n         relationship to their customers.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["662"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n          1873-1927"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n          1873-1927"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Low Moor Iron Company \n          1873-1927"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Green Bookman in\n            1939."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["95 linear feer + 1200\n         volumes"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n         diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n         that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n         organization in the usual sense of the word.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n         papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n         began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n         organization could be determined.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n         placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n         the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n         useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n         letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n         gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n         attic), but they, too, proved useless.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n         considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n         on the collection, the new student processors were\n         instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n         of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n         replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n         headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n         paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n         reviewed and notes taken for the guide.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n         other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n         some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n         researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n         also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n         omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n         location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n         numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n         with the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n         collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n         ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n         this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n         there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n         processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n         undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n         the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n         project.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The word \"organization\" is used here with considerable\n         diffidence, for any researcher studying the container list\n         that follows will realize quickly that there is no\n         organization in the usual sense of the word.","As noted under \"Provenance,\" the Low Moor Iron Company\n         papers were subjected to a number of moves; when processing\n         began in the fall of 1976, no discernible scheme of\n         organization could be determined.","The first step was to review the series of coded numbers\n         placed on the bundles of papers before they were moved to\n         the dormitory attic, but these did not provide any sort of\n         useful organization. Next, the spine titles of the original\n         letter boxes were reviewed (they had been copied onto the\n         gray cardboard sheets before the move to the dormitory\n         attic), but they, too, proved useless.","These steps having provided no scheme, and after a\n         considerable hiatus due to a turnover in student processors\n         on the collection, the new student processors were\n         instructed to begin a box-by-box inventory of the contents\n         of the collection. During this inventory, old folders were\n         replaced with acid-free ones, and the original folder\n         headings were copied onto the new ones. Some removal of\n         paper clips was accomplished, and the materials were\n         reviewed and notes taken for the guide.","Some consolidation of materials was accomplished, and in\n         other cases, materials were moved. This work has created\n         some problems in the numbering of the boxes. Thus, the\n         researchers will find boxes marked \"6A\" and \"23C\"; he will\n         also discover that certain box numbers have been entirely\n         omitted. As the box numbers exist only to aid in the\n         location of material, it was not felt that the unusual\n         numbers and the omissions would cause problems in working\n         with the papers.","A certain amount of movement of boxes within the\n         collection, and of materials among boxes, probably would\n         ease use of it. But what processing was accomplished on\n         this project took far longer than had been anticipated, and\n         there was no time in the late spring of 1978, when the\n         processors had to complete their work with the project, to\n         undertake a mass movement of material. Thus, they stand in\n         the order in which we found them at the beginning of the\n         project."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n         iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n         self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n         mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n         production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n         Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n         mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n         1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n         produce finished iron products.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCoal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n         Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n         Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n         limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n         Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n         Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n         Covington or Clifton Forge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n         every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n         bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n         church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n         the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n         cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n         they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n         statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n         Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n         $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n         Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n         of these stores carried large inventories which are\n         detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n         to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n         a coal miner and his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n         theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n         people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n         center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n         provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n         tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n         no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n         Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n         that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n         served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n         who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n         \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n         the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n         Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n         Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n         important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n         their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n         the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n         used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n         acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n         from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n         until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n         eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n         exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n         in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n         chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n         and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n         Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n         Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePerhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n         the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n         transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n         Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n         among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n         for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n         services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n         relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n         Company complained many times to the C \u0026amp; O Railroad\n         about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n         rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n         \u0026amp; O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n         from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n         wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n         mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n         We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n         in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n         not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n         to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n         the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n         dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n         \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n         of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n         shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n         getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n         railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n         another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n         General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n         supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n         consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n         ovens all day.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n         Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n         laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n         York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n         in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n         \u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo Mr. George Wickes \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSupt. of Mines \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eKay Moor, Virginia \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDear George, \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n            got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n            Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n            but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n            seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n            York transportations to this place have never been a\n            success.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSigned, \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEd D. Wickes Supt. of Mines\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003eLow Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n         of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n         Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n         to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n         would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n         ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n         Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n         underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n         immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n         it is noted in the description of the box contents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n         labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n         in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n         strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n         great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n         mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n         normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n         still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n         April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n         manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n         get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n         short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n         coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n         There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n         result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n         wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n         the United Mine Workers Union in December.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n         Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n         only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n         at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n         furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n         industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n         Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n         short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n         from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n         prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n         1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n         the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n         Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n         Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n         writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n         \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n         any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n         this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n         the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n         manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n         lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n         dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n         November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n         high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n         There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n         coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n         troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n         situation has grown serious.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen America became involved in the First World War, it\n         meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n         helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n         furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n         shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n         had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n         needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n         Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n         war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n         Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n         short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n         depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n         Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n         pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n         company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n         1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n         coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n         orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n         it had on hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n         months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n         furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n         returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n         Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n         Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n         to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n         industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n         talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n         revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n         merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n         was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n         Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n         told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n         The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n         fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n         from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n         1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhy did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n         Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n         transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n         letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n         Iron Association, to the \n         \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eManufacturers Record\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003edated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n         tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n         claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n         production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n         the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n         furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n         trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n         in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n         equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n         only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n         increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n         25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n         Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n         furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n         northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n         all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n         competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n         the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n         southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n         were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n         producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n         should be restored to a relationship with southern\n         furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n         states iron industries should not have been in the same\n         desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n         should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n         heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n         plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n         accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n         years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n         those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n         U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n         of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n         freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n         there are other reasons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n         rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n         was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n         easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n         of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n         that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n         industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n         the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n         mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n         the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n         produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n         as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n         inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n         Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n         the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n         of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n         the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n         Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n         developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n         Moor Iron Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLow Moor Iron Company Personnel:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExecutive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n         Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n         1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n         1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n         1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n         1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n         ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n         G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n         ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n         1918-1928.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFactory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n         C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n         Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n         J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n         1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n         coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n         Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n         George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n         1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n         Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n         Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n         ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n         Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n         personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n         Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n         assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company, the first producer of pig\n         iron in Virginia according to the company's claims, was a\n         self-contained manufacturing unit producing from its own\n         mines the coal, limestone, and iron ore needed for its iron\n         production. Located in Low Moor near Clifton Forge in\n         Alleghany County in western Virginia, an area rich in\n         mineral deposits, the company was in operation from\n         1872-1930, producing only pig iron; it never attempted to\n         produce finished iron products.","Coal came to the Low Moor furnaces from the Kay Moor\n         Mines at Kay Moor, West Virginia, about thirty miles from\n         Low Moor; limestone was produced from the Low Moor\n         limestone quarries; and iron ore came from the Fenwick,\n         Dolly Ann, Jordan, Rich Patch, Low Moor, and Longdale\n         Mines, most of them within twenty miles of Low Moor at\n         Covington or Clifton Forge.","The towns of Low Moor and Kay Moor were company towns in\n         every respect. Workers lived in company-owned houses,\n         bought food in company stores, worshiped at the company\n         church, saw movies in the company theater, were treated in\n         the company hospital, and were buried in the company\n         cemetery. Workers received part of their pay in scrip that\n         they exchanged for goods and services. According to a\n         statement from the Kay Moor Mines dated November 1904, Kay\n         Moor then employed 338 people, paid them an average wage of\n         $36.26 per month, and issued half of their pay in scrip.\n         Kay Moor had four stores; Low Moor had seven or eight. All\n         of these stores carried large inventories which are\n         detailed in the collection. These inventories are valuable\n         to anyone interested in determining the wants and needs of\n         a coal miner and his family.","In the late 1910's and 1920's Kay Moor had a company\n         theater called the Azure Theater which seated about 300\n         people. There were also plans for a company-owned social\n         center, to have pool tables, a soda fountain, and\n         provisions for dancing and skating. The company was in\n         tough economic straits by the 1920's, however, and there is\n         no evidence that the social center was built. The town of\n         Low Moor was so completely under the company's influence\n         that one of Low Moor Iron Company's assistant managers\n         served as the town sheriff. He often foreclosed on people\n         who did not pay their debts, and drove troublesome people\n         \"out of town on a rail\" as he put it.","The Low Moor Iron Company's fortunes fluctuated during\n         the various business cycles between the years 1880-1930.\n         Low Moor was one of the larger pig iron producers in\n         Virginia, but Virginia pig iron production was not\n         important nationally. Low Moor officials sometimes sold\n         their product themselves, but more often they used agents,\n         the prevalent method at the time. Low Moor Iron Company\n         used a variety of agents through the 1900's. James F. Bryan\n         acted as the exclusive agent for the sale of Kay Moor Coal\n         from September 21, 1903 to September, 1905. From about 1890\n         until about 1910 Dalton Nash and Company were the exclusive\n         eastern agents of Low Moor Iron. After that time the\n         exclusive agency went to Philips Isham and Company located\n         in New York. From about 1890 the western agency was handled\n         chiefly by Thomas Mack and Company. After 1902 Thomas Mack\n         and Company underwent a name change, becoming Walter\n         Wallingford and Company, with offices located in\n         Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and Chicago.","Perhaps the Low Moor Iron Company's biggest problem over\n         the years was obtaining railroad cars for the\n         transportation of its finished product. Low Moor Iron\n         Company had its own cars for transporting its raw materials\n         among its various facilities. For the long haul necessary\n         for its finished goods, however, it depended upon the\n         services of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and the\n         relationship was not always a happy one. The Low Moor\n         Company complained many times to the C \u0026 O Railroad\n         about the discrepancies between long-and shorthaul freight\n         rates. Low Moor also had trouble getting cars from the C\n         \u0026 O. In a letter to one of Low Moor Company's agents\n         from an irate customer dated 1898, the customer wrote: \"We\n         wrote you on Saturday and endeavored to question upon your\n         mind the necessity of taking care of us with Low Moor iron.\n         We are on our uppers--there is not a pound of Low Moor iron\n         in the yard. Of the one hundred tons ordered some time ago,\n         not one pound of it has been received.\" This was, according\n         to the Low Moor Iron Company, because they could not get\n         the railroad cars. In a letter from Thomas Mack and Company\n         dated November 26, 1901, to General Manager E. C. Means:\n         \"We are hopeful that the car supply will get better because\n         of the number of orders you have of ours for prompt\n         shipment. Our customers are complaining that they are not\n         getting the iron fast enough. . . . We hope that the\n         railroad will be able to supply you with empty cars.\" In\n         another letter dated 1916 to John B. Guernsey, then acting\n         General Manager of the Low Moor Iron Company, \"We were not\n         supplied with coke cars for today's loading, and\n         consequently we have been practically down of Kay Moor\n         ovens all day.\"","The problem of procuring labor also plagued the Low Moor\n         Company. The company sometimes tried to hire immigrant\n         laborers and send the men directly to Low Moor from New\n         York City. There were problems with this, as is explained\n         in the following letter dated April 7, 1906: \n          To Mr. George Wickes \n             Supt. of Mines \n             Kay Moor, Virginia \n             Dear George, \n             Tony arrived with twenty one men last night. One\n            got away in Jersey two in Washington D.C., four in\n            Charlottesville. Some of the men are very good looking,\n            but taken as a whole they are the worst lot I have ever\n            seen: Irish, German-Jews, and Italians. . . . Our New\n            York transportations to this place have never been a\n            success. Signed, \n             Ed D. Wickes Supt. of Mines Low Moor usually employed labor agencies, one\n         of which was Atwood's Employment Agency. Often the Low Moor\n         Company would request certain nationalities, believing them\n         to be better workers than others. Sometimes the company\n         would request a gang of twenty made up of \"ten Greeks and\n         ten Italians.\" Many of the immigrants fled Low Moor and Kay\n         Moor when they learned that they would have to work\n         underground. There is a fair amount of material on\n         immigrant labor and its procurement in the collection, and\n         it is noted in the description of the box contents.","Low Moor Iron Company not only had trouble procuring\n         labor, but it also had trouble with labor already employed\n         in the mines and at the factory. Labor dissension and\n         strikes troubled the Kay Moor Mines through the 1900's. The\n         great coal strike of 1902 hurt the Low Moor Company's coal\n         mining operation, but by 1903 things were \"nearly back to\n         normal\" according to the mine superintendent. There was\n         still trouble at Kay Moor Mines, however. In a letter dated\n         April 26, 1906, to the treasurer of Low Moor Company, the\n         manager of the mines wrote about the trouble in \"trying to\n         get the agitators out.\" The mines were seventy-five men\n         short of the total labor force needed because many of the\n         coal miners returned to their farms during the spring.\n         There were rumblings of another strike at Kay Moor, the\n         result of which was to be a fourteen percent increase in\n         wages for the Kay Moor Mine workers via an agreement with\n         the United Mine Workers Union in December.","The Low Moor Iron Company grew along with the rest of\n         Virginia industry in the 1890's and 1900's. Starting with\n         only one furnace in the 1870's, it opened a second furnace\n         at Covington, Virginia, in 1891. In 1911 it opened a third\n         furnace, this time at Low Moor. Covington, with its heavy\n         industry, soon became known as the \"Pittsburgh of\n         Virginia.\" Virginia's pig iron production rose from 9,000\n         short tons in 1870 to 544,034 long tons in 1903. Judging\n         from the Low Moor Company's correspondence, the most\n         prosperous period for the company fell between the years\n         1895-1907. In the years between 1907-1917 problems befell\n         the Virginia pig iron industry. In a letter from William W.\n         Hearns, the president of the Virginia based Princess Pig\n         Iron Company, to U. S. Senator Thomas S. Martin, Hearns\n         writes of the problems of the Virginia pig iron industry:\n         \"There is not a blast furnace in Virginia that is making\n         any money from the manufacture of pig iron. The cause of\n         this is there is an exceedingly low price on pig iron in\n         the country at the present time, and the increased cost of\n         manufacturing is due to the increase in wages in all\n         lines.\" With the outbreak of World War I prices rose\n         dramatically, but in a market report to Low Moor dated\n         November 11, 1916, it was stated that: \"In spite of the\n         high prices, it is not a picnic to be in the iron industry.\n         There is a desperate shortage of cars and equipment in the\n         coal and iron districts, and in consequence there are\n         troubles of all kinds to get materials shipped. The\n         situation has grown serious.\"","When America became involved in the First World War, it\n         meant a boost for the Low Moor Iron Company. The government\n         helped it procure labor, and even helped it repair its\n         furnaces. The problem of supplies and cars for their\n         shipments, however, plagued the company more than ever. It\n         had a good deal of trouble getting all the raw materials it\n         needed due chiefly to the \"tight ship\" run by Harry F.\n         Byrd, Sr., U.S. Fuel Administrator for Virginia. After the\n         war very serious problems began to trouble the Low Moor\n         Iron Company. The demand for iron fell precipitously and a\n         short but severe depression ensued from 1919-1922. The\n         depression seemed to hit the iron industry especially hard.\n         Prices took a huge drop due to the lack of demand, and many\n         pre-war contracts had to be revalued. To compound the\n         company's problems, the Kay Moor Mines went on strike in\n         1919. This strike was quickly settled, as the market for\n         coal was so good that the Low Moor Company ceased taking\n         orders temporarily in 1921 as it could not fill the orders\n         it had on hand.","The Low Moor Company furnaces lay idle for some twenty\n         months. Finally, in November 1922 one of Low Moor's\n         furnaces was finally fired up. While prosperity gradually\n         returned to the rest of the country, the Low Moor Iron\n         Company never recovered. Production of pig iron in the\n         Virginia iron industry declined from 544,034 tons in 1903\n         to 148,053 tons in 1923, considered a good year for the\n         industry as a whole. In February 1926 Low Moor officials\n         talked of merging with two other iron companies in order to\n         revive the iron business for the three companies. The\n         merger, however, never occurred. By late 1926 the company\n         was in the process of liquidation. An advertisement in the\n         Charleston, West Virginia, Daily Mail dated April 30, 1927,\n         told of a huge warehouse sale at the Low Moor Iron Company.\n         The advertisement noted \"thousands of screws, pipe\n         fittings, valves, etc.\" The last piece of correspondence\n         from the Low Moor Iron Company in the collection is dated\n         1929. It deals with the sale of a machine.","Why did the iron industry in Virginia decline as it did?\n         Some say that lack of speed, efficiency, and a decent\n         transportation system for Alleghany County caused it. In a\n         letter from C. E. Bertie, secretary of the Virginia Pig\n         Iron Association, to the \n          Manufacturers Record dated 1925, Bertie claimed that it was the\n         tremendous rise in the cost of transportation. Virginia, he\n         claimed, had almost no home market. Over 80% of its normal\n         production was shipped out to other states. The failure of\n         the Interstate Commerce Commission to treat Virginia\n         furnaces as southern furnaces was the cause of much of the\n         trouble. From 1914-1925 there were four blanket increases\n         in freight rates in the country, of which only one applied\n         equally to all localities. Southern furnaces were received\n         only two increases--a 25% increase in 1918 and a 25%\n         increase in 1920--but northern furnaces had had 5%, 15%,\n         25%, and 40% increases in their transportation costs.\n         Virginia furnaces, although recognized as southern\n         furnaces, had had freight rates increased in line with the\n         northern furnaces. Prior to the war Virginia iron reached\n         all points in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois on a\n         competitive basis with southern furnaces. After World War I\n         the advantage was limited to a small portion of\n         southeastern Ohio. All of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan\n         were now lost to the Virginia producers. The Virginia\n         producer, according to Bertie, felt that the freight rates\n         should be restored to a relationship with southern\n         furnaces. If what Bertie said was true, the other southern\n         states iron industries should not have been in the same\n         desperate economic straits as Virginia's, and statistics\n         should support this. In the 1920's production rose to new\n         heights in Alabama. In Tennessee, however, iron production\n         plunged to new lows during the 1920's. While the south\n         accounted for 10.2% of the entire U. S. production in the\n         years 1919-1924, Virginia accounted for less than 1% during\n         those years. In 1915 Virginia accounted for over 6% of the\n         U.S. iron production. One can see a decline in other areas\n         of the south than Virginia. While the discrepancies in the\n         freight rates may have helped cause the decline, clearly\n         there are other reasons.","During the 1900's there was a discovery of extremely\n         rich iron ore deposits in the mid-west. Much of this ore\n         was on or near the surface, making the mining of it both\n         easy and inexpensive. This in turn lowered production costs\n         of the pig iron. This caused iron production to shift to\n         that region, and resulted in a decline in the Virginia iron\n         industry. There was a sharp increase in iron production in\n         the mid-west through the 1920's. The iron ore in the\n         mid-west may have been of better quality than Virginia, but\n         the iron ore in Virginia was of sufficient quality to\n         produce a good pig iron. The western ore deposits were not\n         as conveniently located as Virginia deposits, but the\n         inexpensiveness of production more than made up for it.","In examining the rise and fall of the Low Moor Iron\n         Company, we can see a situation in which the conditions for\n         the manufacture of iron were nearly ideal. There was plenty\n         of land for expansion and resources for the manufacture of\n         the iron. The major internal problem faced by the Low Moor\n         Iron Company was that of transportation. External\n         developments, however, caused the final demise of the Low\n         Moor Iron Company.","Low Moor Iron Company Personnel:","Executive Staff: Managing Director, Colonel H. M.\n         Goodwin: ca. 1881. General Managers: H. G. Merry: ca.\n         1884-1902; E. C. Means: ca. 1905-1915; J. P. Guernsey: ca.\n         1915 (acting General Manager); F. U. Humbert: ca.\n         1916-1929. Assistant General Manager: E. B. Wilkinson: ca.\n         1909-1915. Treasurers and Assistant Treasurers: Edward Low:\n         ca. 1886-1898; Frank Lyman (in New York): ca. 1898-1919; S.\n         G. Cragill (Asst. Treasurer): ca. 1900-1915; H. A. Dalton:\n         ca. 1921-1929; John Lipscomb (Asst. Treasurer): ca.\n         1918-1928.","Factory and Mine Supervisors: Kay Moor Superintendents:\n         C. C. Cooke: ca. 1918; Ed. D. Wickes: ca. 1906; H. L.\n         Tansell: ca. 1903; A. H. Reed: ca. 1906. Kay Moor Managers:\n         J. W. Monteith: manager of mines. ca. 1918; promoted in\n         1925 to general superintendent in charge of mine plants,\n         coke ovens, shops, repairs, and construction; A. L.\n         Monteith: assistant superintendent of mines, ca. 1918;\n         George T. Wickes: manager of Covington mines, ca.\n         1906-1917; Ross Howell, ca. 1918. Stack Mines\n         Superintendents: J. H. Carpenter: ca. 1906; C. D.\n         Oberschain: ca. 1907; J. L. Harris: ca. 1903; John S. Ham:\n         ca. 1891-1901. Rich Patch Mines Superintendents: John R.\n         Thompson: foreman, ca. 1906. Low Moor assorted other\n         personnel: S. L. Tulley: trainmaster, ca. 1906; B. J.\n         Shenkley: foreman, Low Moor limestone quarries; L. Q. Wood:\n         assistant traffic manager, ca. 1919."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n         approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n         95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n         bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n         1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n         Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n         County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material consists of records typical of those\n         produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n         company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n         quarries, there is considerable information about the\n         production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n         records that deal with the company's employees have\n         survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n         like. Because these books sometimes include information\n         about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n         race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n         should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n         mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n         ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n         mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n         The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n         pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n         iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n         structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n         dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n         furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n         considerable information about railroads and their\n         relationship to their customers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Low Moor Iron Company papers consist of\n         approximately 280 four-inch Hollinger archives boxes (ca.\n         95 linear feet) of records, ca. 1885-1927, and some 1200\n         bound volumes of the company's accounting records,\n         1873-1927, of this iron producing company located in Low\n         Moor (four miles southwest of Clifton Forge), Alleghany\n         County, Virginia.","This material consists of records typical of those\n         produced by a firm of this type in the period, but as the\n         company owned its own coal and iron mines and limestone\n         quarries, there is considerable information about the\n         production of these raw materials. Large numbers of the\n         records that deal with the company's employees have\n         survived: time books, payroll books, hands ledgers, and the\n         like. Because these books sometimes include information\n         about the employee's trade or job with the company, and as\n         race is indicated in some of the records, these books\n         should provide date for studies of the structure and upward\n         mobility within the labor force, patterns of\n         ethnic--possibly racial--occupational penetration and\n         mobility, material conditions of the workers, and so on.\n         The papers should permit a range of studies detailing the\n         pattern and evolution of industrial organization in the\n         iron industry, and the evolution of markets and marketing\n         structures for the entire period. Because the company was\n         dependent upon railroads to move its raw materials to the\n         furnaces, and for the marketing of its products, there is\n         considerable information about railroads and their\n         relationship to their customers."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1879,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:17:12.165Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00917_c02_c441"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_2","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Morley Jeffers Williams Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_2#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_2#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of correspondence, reports, surveys, newspaper clippings, biographies and other written works, bibliographies, excerpts from diaries, letters, inventories and ledgers, various types of architectural and archaeological drawings, maps, and images documenting the work and research conducted during Morley Jeffers Williams's tenure at George Washington's Mount Vernon. Williams compiled the majority of the documents and images found in this collection between 1931 and 1939; however, the information contained within these records dates from 1602 to 1967. The bulk of the collection consists of numerous architectural and archaeological drawings detailing past and contemporary views of George Washington's estate; furthermore, there are several drawings depicting possible future renovations to Mount Vernon. This collection also contains a large amount of scholarly research pertaining to George Washington, Mount Vernon, and 18th-century life and culture. This information provides an in-depth understanding of George Washington's life, particularly concerning his interactions with his estate. Other documentation charts the efforts of Morley Jeffers Williams as he worked to restore the structures and landscape at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_2#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_2","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_2","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_2","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_2","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_2_resources_2.xml","title_ssm":["Morley Jeffers Williams Collection"],"title_tesim":["Morley Jeffers Williams Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1602-1967"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1602-1967"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A.MJW","/repositories/2/resources/2"],"text":["A.MJW","/repositories/2/resources/2","Morley Jeffers Williams Collection","This collection is open to research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to items for preservation purposes.","Materials in each series have been arranged alphabetically and according to subject matter. ","List of Series:\nSeries 1: Structures, 1676 – 1938\nSub-Series 1.1: Buildings and Structures\nSub-Series 1.2: Mansion\n  \tI. General\n   \tII. Exterior\n \tIII. Interior\nSeries 2: Landscape, 1737 – 1939\nSub-Series 2.1: Gardens\nSub-Series 2.2: Grounds\nSub-Series 2.3: Walls \u0026 Gates\nSeries 3: Farming \u0026 Life at Mount Vernon, 1713 – 1925 \nSeries 4: Other Historic Sites, 1730 – 1937\nSeries 5: Biographical Information, 1602 – 1962\nSub-Series 5.1: Biographies\nSub-Series 5.2: Bibliographies \u0026 Written Works\nSub-Series 5.3: Chronologies\nSub-Series 5.4: Writings to/from George Washington\nSeries 6: Architecture and Archaeology \nSub-Series 6.1: Maps \u0026 Drawings\nSub-Series 6.2: Surveys\nSeries 7: Ephemera, 1758 - 1938\nSub-Series 7.1: Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\nSub-Series 7.2: Reports\nSub-Series 7.3: Images","Morley Jeffers Williams was born in Tillsonburg, Ontario, Canada on August 1, 1886.  In 1910, twenty-four-year-old Williams attended the engineering school at the University of Toronto for training as a civil engineer.  Over the next eleven years, Williams used his engineering degree to work in various construction and agricultural positions such as bridge construction inspector for the Canadian Pacific Railroad and farm overseer.  After earning a second degree in horticulture from the Ontario Agricultural College in Guelph, Ontario, Williams became an instructor and student at the Harvard University School of Design.  ","During a successful academic career in which he was awarded several grants and appointed an assistant professor at Harvard School of Design, Williams began to visit historic sites and make topographic surveys for his own research.  He became involved with restoration projects at various sites, and in 1931 the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) contracted Williams to prepare topographic drawings of Mount Vernon for the bicentennial of George Washington's birth.  After Williams completed his work at Mount Vernon, he continued to study the architectural and archaeological elements of George Washington's estate, in addition to his other projects and responsibilities.  In spring 1935, the MVLA again contracted Williams; his task was to restore the Kitchen Garden.  By the following winter, the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association hired Williams to be the Director of the new Research and Restoration Department.","During his time as Director of Research and Restoration, Williams uncovered and assisted in the reconstruction and/or restoration of several original structures on-site including the Kitchen Garden, Deer Park Wall, and two Ha-Ha Walls.  Williams also helped improve the historic integrity within the Mansion, as he both researched 18th-century material culture and used artifacts found during excavations to ensure the objects placed in the mansion and other site buildings were historically accurate for Mount Vernon.  Under Williams's supervision, the Department of Research and Restoration eventually expanded to oversee the restoration of the Mansion, Tomb, and Gardens, and the development of the Library.  \nIn May 1939, the board of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association decided to discontinue both the Department of Research and Restoration and Williams's position as department head.  Soon thereafter, Williams left Mount Vernon and began his own business conducting architectural and archaeological research. ","Throughout the duration of his life, Morley Williams worked at various other historic sites including Tryon Palace in North Carolina.  He became a professor of landscape architecture at the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design, and was later appointed chair of the Landscape Architecture Department.  In early 1977, Williams returned to Mount Vernon with his family for a visit and was well received. Approximately 10 months later, Morley Williams died of congestive heart failure.     ","Morley Williams was a pioneer of rigorous and scholarly study of Mount Vernon, especially on the evolution of the estate landscape.  As Director of the Research and Restoration Department, Williams used an interdisciplinary approach to research and restoration, by combining landscape architecture, history, historic preservation, and archaeology.  Much of the current understanding of Mount Vernon's history is based upon the findings of Morley Williams.  To this day, Morley Jeffers Williams's work continues to be an immeasurable asset to the restoration efforts at Mount Vernon.   ","Chronology:","The following is a more in-depth timeline charting the life and accomplishments of Morley Jeffers Williams. ","August 1, 1886 – Born in Tillsenburg, Ontario, Canada.","1910-1911 – Attended the engineering school at the University of Toronto for training as a civil engineer.","1911 – Hired as a bridge construction inspector by the Canadian Pacific Railroad.","1912 – Hired as bridge construction inspector and the acting engineer of bridge site surveys by the Montreal-Port Arthur District of the Canadian Northern Railway.  Eventually promoted to resident engineer in charge of roadbed grading and track-laying.","1914 – Resigned from his job and relocated to Kingsville, Ontario.  Became the co-owner of a grain elevator and cultivated three hundred acres of land with seed grades of corn, small grains, and grasses.  ","1922 – Began managing Vincent Massey's farm; some responsibilities included consulting about the buildings and presentations of other private farms.","1925: Earned a horticulture degree from the Ontario Agricultural College in Guelph, Ontario.","1927 – Became a student and instructor at Harvard School of Design.","1928 – Earned an MLA (landscape architecture) in city planning at Harvard University's School of Design.","1929 – Received the Sheldon Traveling Fellowship and studied landscape design in Europe and North Africa.  ","1930 – Became an assistant professor at Harvard School of Design.","March 1931 – Awarded a grant from the Clark Fund for Research in Landscape Design at Harvard to study \"American Landscape Design as Exemplified by the Plantation Estates of Maryland and Virginia, 1750 to 1860.\"","May 1931 – Visited various historic plantations, including Gunston Hall and Woodlawn, creating topographic surveys.","July 1931 – Contracted to prepare topographic drawings of Mount Vernon for the bicentennial of George Washington's birth.","Summer 1932 – Hired to complete Arthur Shurcliff's research and excavations at Stratford Hall.  Identified many original structures and sketched architectural restoration plans for the east garden at Stratford Hall.  Received a second grant from the Clark Fund, which allowed him to further his research on Virginia and Maryland plantations, including Monticello.","Summer 1933 – Supervised the restoration of the east garden at Stratford Hall.","Summer 1934 – Received funding from the Emergency Relief Administration of Massachusetts to restore God's Acre in Harvard Square, an old burial ground. Upon finishing this restoration project, Williams continued his architectural and archaeological assessment of the grounds at Mount Vernon.  ","May 1935 – Contracted to restore the Kitchen Garden at Mount Vernon under the supervision of Mrs. Horace Brown, the Vice-Regent for Vermont.  ","Summer 1935 – Continued to oversee the restoration of the Kitchen Garden at Mount Vernon.  He was also contracted to assess the history of White House landscaping in light of possible changes to design.  ","Winter 1935 – Hired by Mount Vernon as the Director of Research and Restoration.  ","Spring 1936 – Taught during spring semester at Harvard, then resigned his professorship in order to focus his efforts at Mount Vernon. Williams helped to rebuild and/or restore several original structures on-site including the Kitchen Garden and Deer Park Wall.  He used artifacts found during excavations such as door hinges and other hardware to model replicas for the newly restored buildings.  Williams also uncovered various original structures including two Ha-Ha walls and a cross-wall underlying the Bowling Green, which were previously unknown to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. ","1937 – Concerned with preserving the historic integrity of the site, Williams pointed out items and structures he deemed inaccurate such as various walkways and coaches.  As Director of the Department of Research and Restoration, Williams also focused on accessing primary documentation for research, as well as acquiring objects for Mount Vernon's collections.  ","1938 - Contracted Frances Benjamin Johnston to make photographic studies as a supplement to his measured drawings.  Her photographs were combined with an article written by Williams in the January 1938 edition of Landscape Architecture and the February issue of American Architect and Architecture.  Williams also assigned employees within the Department of Research and Restoration to research various collections located at the Library of Congress that he believed would help to maintain the historic integrity at Mount Vernon as restoration efforts continued.    ","1939 – Under Williams's supervision, the Department of Research and Restoration grew to oversee the research and restoration of the Mansion, Tomb, Gardens, Grounds, and Outbuildings, as well as the development of the Library.  ","May 16, 1939 – Board of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association voted to dismantle the Department of Research and Restoration as of June 1, 1939.  ","Summer 1939 – Williams ended his association with Mount Vernon after the dissolution of the Department of Research and Restoration and began his own business conducting architectural and archaeological research.","1940 – 1941 – Researched 18th-century manuscripts and newspapers in several prominent repositories, including the Library of Congress. ","1941-1947 – Morley Williams and his wife, Nathalia Williams, managed their own business for architectural and archaeological research.","1947 – Hired as a professor of landscape architecture by the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design.","1948 – Appointed chair of the landscape architecture department at the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design.","1952 –1960 (ca.) - Contracted to restore Tryon Palace, a pre-Revolutionary governor's mansion in North Carolina.  Oversaw archaeological excavations that exposed the original foundation of the governor's mansion, as well as uncovered other structural aspects of the site such as water sources and outbuildings.  Since no garden plots were discovered, Williams drew plans for formal gardens authentic to the time period Tryon Palace was first constructed.  During the excavations and restoration, Williams salvaged many artifacts, which he never fully identified and/or processed.  This later became a point of contention between Williams and the benefactors of Tryon Palace.","1961 – Returned to Harvard as a lecturer for landscape architecture.","December 1961 – Settled accounts with Tryon Palace by returning all artifacts to the Tryon Palace Commission.  ","1962-1977 – Williams and his wife continued to restore historic sites and landscapes for the remainder of his life.","February 1977 – At ninety-one, Williams returned with his family to Mount Vernon for a visit, and was well received by Regent Mrs. John H. Guy, Jr., Director Charles Cecil Wall, and others.","December 1, 1977 – Morley Jeffers Williams died of congestive heart failure.     ","Papers of the MVLA\nPapers of the Superintendent and Resident Director\nMeasured drawings (architectural drawings)\nRestoration Files of the Historic Structures Report","The collection consists of correspondence, reports, surveys, newspaper clippings, biographies and other written works, bibliographies, excerpts from diaries, letters, inventories and ledgers, various types of architectural and archaeological drawings, maps, and images documenting the work and research conducted during Morley Jeffers Williams's tenure at George Washington's Mount Vernon.  Williams compiled the majority of the documents and images found in this collection between 1931 and 1939; however, the information contained within these records dates from 1602 to 1967.  \nThe bulk of the collection consists of numerous architectural and archaeological drawings detailing past and contemporary views of George Washington's estate; furthermore, there are several drawings depicting possible future renovations to Mount Vernon.  This collection also contains a large amount of scholarly research pertaining to George Washington, Mount Vernon, and 18th-century life and culture.  This information provides an in-depth understanding of George Washington's life, particularly concerning his interactions with his estate.  Other documentation charts the efforts of Morley Jeffers Williams as he worked to restore the structures and landscape at Mount Vernon.","Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","Johnston, Frances Benjamin, 1864-1952","Ulman, Nathalia","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A.MJW","/repositories/2/resources/2"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Morley Jeffers Williams Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Morley Jeffers Williams Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Morley Jeffers Williams Collection"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977"],"creator_ssim":["Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977"],"creators_ssim":["Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.62 Linear Feet 11 Hollinger boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.62 Linear Feet 11 Hollinger boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in each series have been arranged alphabetically and according to subject matter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eList of Series:\nSeries 1: Structures, 1676 – 1938\nSub-Series 1.1: Buildings and Structures\nSub-Series 1.2: Mansion\n  \tI. General\n   \tII. Exterior\n \tIII. Interior\nSeries 2: Landscape, 1737 – 1939\nSub-Series 2.1: Gardens\nSub-Series 2.2: Grounds\nSub-Series 2.3: Walls \u0026amp; Gates\nSeries 3: Farming \u0026amp; Life at Mount Vernon, 1713 – 1925 \nSeries 4: Other Historic Sites, 1730 – 1937\nSeries 5: Biographical Information, 1602 – 1962\nSub-Series 5.1: Biographies\nSub-Series 5.2: Bibliographies \u0026amp; Written Works\nSub-Series 5.3: Chronologies\nSub-Series 5.4: Writings to/from George Washington\nSeries 6: Architecture and Archaeology \nSub-Series 6.1: Maps \u0026amp; Drawings\nSub-Series 6.2: Surveys\nSeries 7: Ephemera, 1758 - 1938\nSub-Series 7.1: Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\nSub-Series 7.2: Reports\nSub-Series 7.3: Images\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials in each series have been arranged alphabetically and according to subject matter. ","List of Series:\nSeries 1: Structures, 1676 – 1938\nSub-Series 1.1: Buildings and Structures\nSub-Series 1.2: Mansion\n  \tI. General\n   \tII. Exterior\n \tIII. Interior\nSeries 2: Landscape, 1737 – 1939\nSub-Series 2.1: Gardens\nSub-Series 2.2: Grounds\nSub-Series 2.3: Walls \u0026 Gates\nSeries 3: Farming \u0026 Life at Mount Vernon, 1713 – 1925 \nSeries 4: Other Historic Sites, 1730 – 1937\nSeries 5: Biographical Information, 1602 – 1962\nSub-Series 5.1: Biographies\nSub-Series 5.2: Bibliographies \u0026 Written Works\nSub-Series 5.3: Chronologies\nSub-Series 5.4: Writings to/from George Washington\nSeries 6: Architecture and Archaeology \nSub-Series 6.1: Maps \u0026 Drawings\nSub-Series 6.2: Surveys\nSeries 7: Ephemera, 1758 - 1938\nSub-Series 7.1: Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\nSub-Series 7.2: Reports\nSub-Series 7.3: Images"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMorley Jeffers Williams was born in Tillsonburg, Ontario, Canada on August 1, 1886.  In 1910, twenty-four-year-old Williams attended the engineering school at the University of Toronto for training as a civil engineer.  Over the next eleven years, Williams used his engineering degree to work in various construction and agricultural positions such as bridge construction inspector for the Canadian Pacific Railroad and farm overseer.  After earning a second degree in horticulture from the Ontario Agricultural College in Guelph, Ontario, Williams became an instructor and student at the Harvard University School of Design.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring a successful academic career in which he was awarded several grants and appointed an assistant professor at Harvard School of Design, Williams began to visit historic sites and make topographic surveys for his own research.  He became involved with restoration projects at various sites, and in 1931 the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) contracted Williams to prepare topographic drawings of Mount Vernon for the bicentennial of George Washington's birth.  After Williams completed his work at Mount Vernon, he continued to study the architectural and archaeological elements of George Washington's estate, in addition to his other projects and responsibilities.  In spring 1935, the MVLA again contracted Williams; his task was to restore the Kitchen Garden.  By the following winter, the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association hired Williams to be the Director of the new Research and Restoration Department.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time as Director of Research and Restoration, Williams uncovered and assisted in the reconstruction and/or restoration of several original structures on-site including the Kitchen Garden, Deer Park Wall, and two Ha-Ha Walls.  Williams also helped improve the historic integrity within the Mansion, as he both researched 18th-century material culture and used artifacts found during excavations to ensure the objects placed in the mansion and other site buildings were historically accurate for Mount Vernon.  Under Williams's supervision, the Department of Research and Restoration eventually expanded to oversee the restoration of the Mansion, Tomb, and Gardens, and the development of the Library.  \nIn May 1939, the board of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association decided to discontinue both the Department of Research and Restoration and Williams's position as department head.  Soon thereafter, Williams left Mount Vernon and began his own business conducting architectural and archaeological research. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThroughout the duration of his life, Morley Williams worked at various other historic sites including Tryon Palace in North Carolina.  He became a professor of landscape architecture at the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design, and was later appointed chair of the Landscape Architecture Department.  In early 1977, Williams returned to Mount Vernon with his family for a visit and was well received. Approximately 10 months later, Morley Williams died of congestive heart failure.     \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMorley Williams was a pioneer of rigorous and scholarly study of Mount Vernon, especially on the evolution of the estate landscape.  As Director of the Research and Restoration Department, Williams used an interdisciplinary approach to research and restoration, by combining landscape architecture, history, historic preservation, and archaeology.  Much of the current understanding of Mount Vernon's history is based upon the findings of Morley Williams.  To this day, Morley Jeffers Williams's work continues to be an immeasurable asset to the restoration efforts at Mount Vernon.   \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChronology:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe following is a more in-depth timeline charting the life and accomplishments of Morley Jeffers Williams. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAugust 1, 1886 – Born in Tillsenburg, Ontario, Canada.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1910-1911 – Attended the engineering school at the University of Toronto for training as a civil engineer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1911 – Hired as a bridge construction inspector by the Canadian Pacific Railroad.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1912 – Hired as bridge construction inspector and the acting engineer of bridge site surveys by the Montreal-Port Arthur District of the Canadian Northern Railway.  Eventually promoted to resident engineer in charge of roadbed grading and track-laying.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1914 – Resigned from his job and relocated to Kingsville, Ontario.  Became the co-owner of a grain elevator and cultivated three hundred acres of land with seed grades of corn, small grains, and grasses.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1922 – Began managing Vincent Massey's farm; some responsibilities included consulting about the buildings and presentations of other private farms.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1925: Earned a horticulture degree from the Ontario Agricultural College in Guelph, Ontario.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1927 – Became a student and instructor at Harvard School of Design.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1928 – Earned an MLA (landscape architecture) in city planning at Harvard University's School of Design.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1929 – Received the Sheldon Traveling Fellowship and studied landscape design in Europe and North Africa.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1930 – Became an assistant professor at Harvard School of Design.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarch 1931 – Awarded a grant from the Clark Fund for Research in Landscape Design at Harvard to study \"American Landscape Design as Exemplified by the Plantation Estates of Maryland and Virginia, 1750 to 1860.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMay 1931 – Visited various historic plantations, including Gunston Hall and Woodlawn, creating topographic surveys.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJuly 1931 – Contracted to prepare topographic drawings of Mount Vernon for the bicentennial of George Washington's birth.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSummer 1932 – Hired to complete Arthur Shurcliff's research and excavations at Stratford Hall.  Identified many original structures and sketched architectural restoration plans for the east garden at Stratford Hall.  Received a second grant from the Clark Fund, which allowed him to further his research on Virginia and Maryland plantations, including Monticello.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSummer 1933 – Supervised the restoration of the east garden at Stratford Hall.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSummer 1934 – Received funding from the Emergency Relief Administration of Massachusetts to restore God's Acre in Harvard Square, an old burial ground. Upon finishing this restoration project, Williams continued his architectural and archaeological assessment of the grounds at Mount Vernon.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMay 1935 – Contracted to restore the Kitchen Garden at Mount Vernon under the supervision of Mrs. Horace Brown, the Vice-Regent for Vermont.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSummer 1935 – Continued to oversee the restoration of the Kitchen Garden at Mount Vernon.  He was also contracted to assess the history of White House landscaping in light of possible changes to design.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWinter 1935 – Hired by Mount Vernon as the Director of Research and Restoration.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpring 1936 – Taught during spring semester at Harvard, then resigned his professorship in order to focus his efforts at Mount Vernon. Williams helped to rebuild and/or restore several original structures on-site including the Kitchen Garden and Deer Park Wall.  He used artifacts found during excavations such as door hinges and other hardware to model replicas for the newly restored buildings.  Williams also uncovered various original structures including two Ha-Ha walls and a cross-wall underlying the Bowling Green, which were previously unknown to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1937 – Concerned with preserving the historic integrity of the site, Williams pointed out items and structures he deemed inaccurate such as various walkways and coaches.  As Director of the Department of Research and Restoration, Williams also focused on accessing primary documentation for research, as well as acquiring objects for Mount Vernon's collections.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1938 - Contracted Frances Benjamin Johnston to make photographic studies as a supplement to his measured drawings.  Her photographs were combined with an article written by Williams in the January 1938 edition of Landscape Architecture and the February issue of American Architect and Architecture.  Williams also assigned employees within the Department of Research and Restoration to research various collections located at the Library of Congress that he believed would help to maintain the historic integrity at Mount Vernon as restoration efforts continued.    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1939 – Under Williams's supervision, the Department of Research and Restoration grew to oversee the research and restoration of the Mansion, Tomb, Gardens, Grounds, and Outbuildings, as well as the development of the Library.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMay 16, 1939 – Board of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association voted to dismantle the Department of Research and Restoration as of June 1, 1939.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSummer 1939 – Williams ended his association with Mount Vernon after the dissolution of the Department of Research and Restoration and began his own business conducting architectural and archaeological research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1940 – 1941 – Researched 18th-century manuscripts and newspapers in several prominent repositories, including the Library of Congress. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1941-1947 – Morley Williams and his wife, Nathalia Williams, managed their own business for architectural and archaeological research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1947 – Hired as a professor of landscape architecture by the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1948 – Appointed chair of the landscape architecture department at the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1952 –1960 (ca.) - Contracted to restore Tryon Palace, a pre-Revolutionary governor's mansion in North Carolina.  Oversaw archaeological excavations that exposed the original foundation of the governor's mansion, as well as uncovered other structural aspects of the site such as water sources and outbuildings.  Since no garden plots were discovered, Williams drew plans for formal gardens authentic to the time period Tryon Palace was first constructed.  During the excavations and restoration, Williams salvaged many artifacts, which he never fully identified and/or processed.  This later became a point of contention between Williams and the benefactors of Tryon Palace.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1961 – Returned to Harvard as a lecturer for landscape architecture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDecember 1961 – Settled accounts with Tryon Palace by returning all artifacts to the Tryon Palace Commission.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1962-1977 – Williams and his wife continued to restore historic sites and landscapes for the remainder of his life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFebruary 1977 – At ninety-one, Williams returned with his family to Mount Vernon for a visit, and was well received by Regent Mrs. John H. Guy, Jr., Director Charles Cecil Wall, and others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDecember 1, 1977 – Morley Jeffers Williams died of congestive heart failure.     \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Morley Jeffers Williams was born in Tillsonburg, Ontario, Canada on August 1, 1886.  In 1910, twenty-four-year-old Williams attended the engineering school at the University of Toronto for training as a civil engineer.  Over the next eleven years, Williams used his engineering degree to work in various construction and agricultural positions such as bridge construction inspector for the Canadian Pacific Railroad and farm overseer.  After earning a second degree in horticulture from the Ontario Agricultural College in Guelph, Ontario, Williams became an instructor and student at the Harvard University School of Design.  ","During a successful academic career in which he was awarded several grants and appointed an assistant professor at Harvard School of Design, Williams began to visit historic sites and make topographic surveys for his own research.  He became involved with restoration projects at various sites, and in 1931 the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) contracted Williams to prepare topographic drawings of Mount Vernon for the bicentennial of George Washington's birth.  After Williams completed his work at Mount Vernon, he continued to study the architectural and archaeological elements of George Washington's estate, in addition to his other projects and responsibilities.  In spring 1935, the MVLA again contracted Williams; his task was to restore the Kitchen Garden.  By the following winter, the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association hired Williams to be the Director of the new Research and Restoration Department.","During his time as Director of Research and Restoration, Williams uncovered and assisted in the reconstruction and/or restoration of several original structures on-site including the Kitchen Garden, Deer Park Wall, and two Ha-Ha Walls.  Williams also helped improve the historic integrity within the Mansion, as he both researched 18th-century material culture and used artifacts found during excavations to ensure the objects placed in the mansion and other site buildings were historically accurate for Mount Vernon.  Under Williams's supervision, the Department of Research and Restoration eventually expanded to oversee the restoration of the Mansion, Tomb, and Gardens, and the development of the Library.  \nIn May 1939, the board of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association decided to discontinue both the Department of Research and Restoration and Williams's position as department head.  Soon thereafter, Williams left Mount Vernon and began his own business conducting architectural and archaeological research. ","Throughout the duration of his life, Morley Williams worked at various other historic sites including Tryon Palace in North Carolina.  He became a professor of landscape architecture at the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design, and was later appointed chair of the Landscape Architecture Department.  In early 1977, Williams returned to Mount Vernon with his family for a visit and was well received. Approximately 10 months later, Morley Williams died of congestive heart failure.     ","Morley Williams was a pioneer of rigorous and scholarly study of Mount Vernon, especially on the evolution of the estate landscape.  As Director of the Research and Restoration Department, Williams used an interdisciplinary approach to research and restoration, by combining landscape architecture, history, historic preservation, and archaeology.  Much of the current understanding of Mount Vernon's history is based upon the findings of Morley Williams.  To this day, Morley Jeffers Williams's work continues to be an immeasurable asset to the restoration efforts at Mount Vernon.   ","Chronology:","The following is a more in-depth timeline charting the life and accomplishments of Morley Jeffers Williams. ","August 1, 1886 – Born in Tillsenburg, Ontario, Canada.","1910-1911 – Attended the engineering school at the University of Toronto for training as a civil engineer.","1911 – Hired as a bridge construction inspector by the Canadian Pacific Railroad.","1912 – Hired as bridge construction inspector and the acting engineer of bridge site surveys by the Montreal-Port Arthur District of the Canadian Northern Railway.  Eventually promoted to resident engineer in charge of roadbed grading and track-laying.","1914 – Resigned from his job and relocated to Kingsville, Ontario.  Became the co-owner of a grain elevator and cultivated three hundred acres of land with seed grades of corn, small grains, and grasses.  ","1922 – Began managing Vincent Massey's farm; some responsibilities included consulting about the buildings and presentations of other private farms.","1925: Earned a horticulture degree from the Ontario Agricultural College in Guelph, Ontario.","1927 – Became a student and instructor at Harvard School of Design.","1928 – Earned an MLA (landscape architecture) in city planning at Harvard University's School of Design.","1929 – Received the Sheldon Traveling Fellowship and studied landscape design in Europe and North Africa.  ","1930 – Became an assistant professor at Harvard School of Design.","March 1931 – Awarded a grant from the Clark Fund for Research in Landscape Design at Harvard to study \"American Landscape Design as Exemplified by the Plantation Estates of Maryland and Virginia, 1750 to 1860.\"","May 1931 – Visited various historic plantations, including Gunston Hall and Woodlawn, creating topographic surveys.","July 1931 – Contracted to prepare topographic drawings of Mount Vernon for the bicentennial of George Washington's birth.","Summer 1932 – Hired to complete Arthur Shurcliff's research and excavations at Stratford Hall.  Identified many original structures and sketched architectural restoration plans for the east garden at Stratford Hall.  Received a second grant from the Clark Fund, which allowed him to further his research on Virginia and Maryland plantations, including Monticello.","Summer 1933 – Supervised the restoration of the east garden at Stratford Hall.","Summer 1934 – Received funding from the Emergency Relief Administration of Massachusetts to restore God's Acre in Harvard Square, an old burial ground. Upon finishing this restoration project, Williams continued his architectural and archaeological assessment of the grounds at Mount Vernon.  ","May 1935 – Contracted to restore the Kitchen Garden at Mount Vernon under the supervision of Mrs. Horace Brown, the Vice-Regent for Vermont.  ","Summer 1935 – Continued to oversee the restoration of the Kitchen Garden at Mount Vernon.  He was also contracted to assess the history of White House landscaping in light of possible changes to design.  ","Winter 1935 – Hired by Mount Vernon as the Director of Research and Restoration.  ","Spring 1936 – Taught during spring semester at Harvard, then resigned his professorship in order to focus his efforts at Mount Vernon. Williams helped to rebuild and/or restore several original structures on-site including the Kitchen Garden and Deer Park Wall.  He used artifacts found during excavations such as door hinges and other hardware to model replicas for the newly restored buildings.  Williams also uncovered various original structures including two Ha-Ha walls and a cross-wall underlying the Bowling Green, which were previously unknown to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. ","1937 – Concerned with preserving the historic integrity of the site, Williams pointed out items and structures he deemed inaccurate such as various walkways and coaches.  As Director of the Department of Research and Restoration, Williams also focused on accessing primary documentation for research, as well as acquiring objects for Mount Vernon's collections.  ","1938 - Contracted Frances Benjamin Johnston to make photographic studies as a supplement to his measured drawings.  Her photographs were combined with an article written by Williams in the January 1938 edition of Landscape Architecture and the February issue of American Architect and Architecture.  Williams also assigned employees within the Department of Research and Restoration to research various collections located at the Library of Congress that he believed would help to maintain the historic integrity at Mount Vernon as restoration efforts continued.    ","1939 – Under Williams's supervision, the Department of Research and Restoration grew to oversee the research and restoration of the Mansion, Tomb, Gardens, Grounds, and Outbuildings, as well as the development of the Library.  ","May 16, 1939 – Board of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association voted to dismantle the Department of Research and Restoration as of June 1, 1939.  ","Summer 1939 – Williams ended his association with Mount Vernon after the dissolution of the Department of Research and Restoration and began his own business conducting architectural and archaeological research.","1940 – 1941 – Researched 18th-century manuscripts and newspapers in several prominent repositories, including the Library of Congress. ","1941-1947 – Morley Williams and his wife, Nathalia Williams, managed their own business for architectural and archaeological research.","1947 – Hired as a professor of landscape architecture by the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design.","1948 – Appointed chair of the landscape architecture department at the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design.","1952 –1960 (ca.) - Contracted to restore Tryon Palace, a pre-Revolutionary governor's mansion in North Carolina.  Oversaw archaeological excavations that exposed the original foundation of the governor's mansion, as well as uncovered other structural aspects of the site such as water sources and outbuildings.  Since no garden plots were discovered, Williams drew plans for formal gardens authentic to the time period Tryon Palace was first constructed.  During the excavations and restoration, Williams salvaged many artifacts, which he never fully identified and/or processed.  This later became a point of contention between Williams and the benefactors of Tryon Palace.","1961 – Returned to Harvard as a lecturer for landscape architecture.","December 1961 – Settled accounts with Tryon Palace by returning all artifacts to the Tryon Palace Commission.  ","1962-1977 – Williams and his wife continued to restore historic sites and landscapes for the remainder of his life.","February 1977 – At ninety-one, Williams returned with his family to Mount Vernon for a visit, and was well received by Regent Mrs. John H. Guy, Jr., Director Charles Cecil Wall, and others.","December 1, 1977 – Morley Jeffers Williams died of congestive heart failure.     "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePreferred citation: [Name and date of item], The Morley Jeffers Williams Collection, [Series, Folder], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples. \u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Preferred citation: [Name and date of item], The Morley Jeffers Williams Collection, [Series, Folder], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia ","See the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the MVLA\nPapers of the Superintendent and Resident Director\nMeasured drawings (architectural drawings)\nRestoration Files of the Historic Structures Report\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Papers of the MVLA\nPapers of the Superintendent and Resident Director\nMeasured drawings (architectural drawings)\nRestoration Files of the Historic Structures Report"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of correspondence, reports, surveys, newspaper clippings, biographies and other written works, bibliographies, excerpts from diaries, letters, inventories and ledgers, various types of architectural and archaeological drawings, maps, and images documenting the work and research conducted during Morley Jeffers Williams's tenure at George Washington's Mount Vernon.  Williams compiled the majority of the documents and images found in this collection between 1931 and 1939; however, the information contained within these records dates from 1602 to 1967.  \nThe bulk of the collection consists of numerous architectural and archaeological drawings detailing past and contemporary views of George Washington's estate; furthermore, there are several drawings depicting possible future renovations to Mount Vernon.  This collection also contains a large amount of scholarly research pertaining to George Washington, Mount Vernon, and 18th-century life and culture.  This information provides an in-depth understanding of George Washington's life, particularly concerning his interactions with his estate.  Other documentation charts the efforts of Morley Jeffers Williams as he worked to restore the structures and landscape at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of correspondence, reports, surveys, newspaper clippings, biographies and other written works, bibliographies, excerpts from diaries, letters, inventories and ledgers, various types of architectural and archaeological drawings, maps, and images documenting the work and research conducted during Morley Jeffers Williams's tenure at George Washington's Mount Vernon.  Williams compiled the majority of the documents and images found in this collection between 1931 and 1939; however, the information contained within these records dates from 1602 to 1967.  \nThe bulk of the collection consists of numerous architectural and archaeological drawings detailing past and contemporary views of George Washington's estate; furthermore, there are several drawings depicting possible future renovations to Mount Vernon.  This collection also contains a large amount of scholarly research pertaining to George Washington, Mount Vernon, and 18th-century life and culture.  This information provides an in-depth understanding of George Washington's life, particularly concerning his interactions with his estate.  Other documentation charts the efforts of Morley Jeffers Williams as he worked to restore the structures and landscape at Mount Vernon."],"names_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","Johnston, Frances Benjamin, 1864-1952","Ulman, Nathalia","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995"],"corpname_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"persname_ssim":["Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","Johnston, Frances Benjamin, 1864-1952","Ulman, Nathalia","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":317,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:45:00.969Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_2","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_2","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_2","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_2","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_2_resources_2.xml","title_ssm":["Morley Jeffers Williams Collection"],"title_tesim":["Morley Jeffers Williams Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1602-1967"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1602-1967"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A.MJW","/repositories/2/resources/2"],"text":["A.MJW","/repositories/2/resources/2","Morley Jeffers Williams Collection","This collection is open to research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to items for preservation purposes.","Materials in each series have been arranged alphabetically and according to subject matter. ","List of Series:\nSeries 1: Structures, 1676 – 1938\nSub-Series 1.1: Buildings and Structures\nSub-Series 1.2: Mansion\n  \tI. General\n   \tII. Exterior\n \tIII. Interior\nSeries 2: Landscape, 1737 – 1939\nSub-Series 2.1: Gardens\nSub-Series 2.2: Grounds\nSub-Series 2.3: Walls \u0026 Gates\nSeries 3: Farming \u0026 Life at Mount Vernon, 1713 – 1925 \nSeries 4: Other Historic Sites, 1730 – 1937\nSeries 5: Biographical Information, 1602 – 1962\nSub-Series 5.1: Biographies\nSub-Series 5.2: Bibliographies \u0026 Written Works\nSub-Series 5.3: Chronologies\nSub-Series 5.4: Writings to/from George Washington\nSeries 6: Architecture and Archaeology \nSub-Series 6.1: Maps \u0026 Drawings\nSub-Series 6.2: Surveys\nSeries 7: Ephemera, 1758 - 1938\nSub-Series 7.1: Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\nSub-Series 7.2: Reports\nSub-Series 7.3: Images","Morley Jeffers Williams was born in Tillsonburg, Ontario, Canada on August 1, 1886.  In 1910, twenty-four-year-old Williams attended the engineering school at the University of Toronto for training as a civil engineer.  Over the next eleven years, Williams used his engineering degree to work in various construction and agricultural positions such as bridge construction inspector for the Canadian Pacific Railroad and farm overseer.  After earning a second degree in horticulture from the Ontario Agricultural College in Guelph, Ontario, Williams became an instructor and student at the Harvard University School of Design.  ","During a successful academic career in which he was awarded several grants and appointed an assistant professor at Harvard School of Design, Williams began to visit historic sites and make topographic surveys for his own research.  He became involved with restoration projects at various sites, and in 1931 the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) contracted Williams to prepare topographic drawings of Mount Vernon for the bicentennial of George Washington's birth.  After Williams completed his work at Mount Vernon, he continued to study the architectural and archaeological elements of George Washington's estate, in addition to his other projects and responsibilities.  In spring 1935, the MVLA again contracted Williams; his task was to restore the Kitchen Garden.  By the following winter, the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association hired Williams to be the Director of the new Research and Restoration Department.","During his time as Director of Research and Restoration, Williams uncovered and assisted in the reconstruction and/or restoration of several original structures on-site including the Kitchen Garden, Deer Park Wall, and two Ha-Ha Walls.  Williams also helped improve the historic integrity within the Mansion, as he both researched 18th-century material culture and used artifacts found during excavations to ensure the objects placed in the mansion and other site buildings were historically accurate for Mount Vernon.  Under Williams's supervision, the Department of Research and Restoration eventually expanded to oversee the restoration of the Mansion, Tomb, and Gardens, and the development of the Library.  \nIn May 1939, the board of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association decided to discontinue both the Department of Research and Restoration and Williams's position as department head.  Soon thereafter, Williams left Mount Vernon and began his own business conducting architectural and archaeological research. ","Throughout the duration of his life, Morley Williams worked at various other historic sites including Tryon Palace in North Carolina.  He became a professor of landscape architecture at the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design, and was later appointed chair of the Landscape Architecture Department.  In early 1977, Williams returned to Mount Vernon with his family for a visit and was well received. Approximately 10 months later, Morley Williams died of congestive heart failure.     ","Morley Williams was a pioneer of rigorous and scholarly study of Mount Vernon, especially on the evolution of the estate landscape.  As Director of the Research and Restoration Department, Williams used an interdisciplinary approach to research and restoration, by combining landscape architecture, history, historic preservation, and archaeology.  Much of the current understanding of Mount Vernon's history is based upon the findings of Morley Williams.  To this day, Morley Jeffers Williams's work continues to be an immeasurable asset to the restoration efforts at Mount Vernon.   ","Chronology:","The following is a more in-depth timeline charting the life and accomplishments of Morley Jeffers Williams. ","August 1, 1886 – Born in Tillsenburg, Ontario, Canada.","1910-1911 – Attended the engineering school at the University of Toronto for training as a civil engineer.","1911 – Hired as a bridge construction inspector by the Canadian Pacific Railroad.","1912 – Hired as bridge construction inspector and the acting engineer of bridge site surveys by the Montreal-Port Arthur District of the Canadian Northern Railway.  Eventually promoted to resident engineer in charge of roadbed grading and track-laying.","1914 – Resigned from his job and relocated to Kingsville, Ontario.  Became the co-owner of a grain elevator and cultivated three hundred acres of land with seed grades of corn, small grains, and grasses.  ","1922 – Began managing Vincent Massey's farm; some responsibilities included consulting about the buildings and presentations of other private farms.","1925: Earned a horticulture degree from the Ontario Agricultural College in Guelph, Ontario.","1927 – Became a student and instructor at Harvard School of Design.","1928 – Earned an MLA (landscape architecture) in city planning at Harvard University's School of Design.","1929 – Received the Sheldon Traveling Fellowship and studied landscape design in Europe and North Africa.  ","1930 – Became an assistant professor at Harvard School of Design.","March 1931 – Awarded a grant from the Clark Fund for Research in Landscape Design at Harvard to study \"American Landscape Design as Exemplified by the Plantation Estates of Maryland and Virginia, 1750 to 1860.\"","May 1931 – Visited various historic plantations, including Gunston Hall and Woodlawn, creating topographic surveys.","July 1931 – Contracted to prepare topographic drawings of Mount Vernon for the bicentennial of George Washington's birth.","Summer 1932 – Hired to complete Arthur Shurcliff's research and excavations at Stratford Hall.  Identified many original structures and sketched architectural restoration plans for the east garden at Stratford Hall.  Received a second grant from the Clark Fund, which allowed him to further his research on Virginia and Maryland plantations, including Monticello.","Summer 1933 – Supervised the restoration of the east garden at Stratford Hall.","Summer 1934 – Received funding from the Emergency Relief Administration of Massachusetts to restore God's Acre in Harvard Square, an old burial ground. Upon finishing this restoration project, Williams continued his architectural and archaeological assessment of the grounds at Mount Vernon.  ","May 1935 – Contracted to restore the Kitchen Garden at Mount Vernon under the supervision of Mrs. Horace Brown, the Vice-Regent for Vermont.  ","Summer 1935 – Continued to oversee the restoration of the Kitchen Garden at Mount Vernon.  He was also contracted to assess the history of White House landscaping in light of possible changes to design.  ","Winter 1935 – Hired by Mount Vernon as the Director of Research and Restoration.  ","Spring 1936 – Taught during spring semester at Harvard, then resigned his professorship in order to focus his efforts at Mount Vernon. Williams helped to rebuild and/or restore several original structures on-site including the Kitchen Garden and Deer Park Wall.  He used artifacts found during excavations such as door hinges and other hardware to model replicas for the newly restored buildings.  Williams also uncovered various original structures including two Ha-Ha walls and a cross-wall underlying the Bowling Green, which were previously unknown to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. ","1937 – Concerned with preserving the historic integrity of the site, Williams pointed out items and structures he deemed inaccurate such as various walkways and coaches.  As Director of the Department of Research and Restoration, Williams also focused on accessing primary documentation for research, as well as acquiring objects for Mount Vernon's collections.  ","1938 - Contracted Frances Benjamin Johnston to make photographic studies as a supplement to his measured drawings.  Her photographs were combined with an article written by Williams in the January 1938 edition of Landscape Architecture and the February issue of American Architect and Architecture.  Williams also assigned employees within the Department of Research and Restoration to research various collections located at the Library of Congress that he believed would help to maintain the historic integrity at Mount Vernon as restoration efforts continued.    ","1939 – Under Williams's supervision, the Department of Research and Restoration grew to oversee the research and restoration of the Mansion, Tomb, Gardens, Grounds, and Outbuildings, as well as the development of the Library.  ","May 16, 1939 – Board of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association voted to dismantle the Department of Research and Restoration as of June 1, 1939.  ","Summer 1939 – Williams ended his association with Mount Vernon after the dissolution of the Department of Research and Restoration and began his own business conducting architectural and archaeological research.","1940 – 1941 – Researched 18th-century manuscripts and newspapers in several prominent repositories, including the Library of Congress. ","1941-1947 – Morley Williams and his wife, Nathalia Williams, managed their own business for architectural and archaeological research.","1947 – Hired as a professor of landscape architecture by the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design.","1948 – Appointed chair of the landscape architecture department at the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design.","1952 –1960 (ca.) - Contracted to restore Tryon Palace, a pre-Revolutionary governor's mansion in North Carolina.  Oversaw archaeological excavations that exposed the original foundation of the governor's mansion, as well as uncovered other structural aspects of the site such as water sources and outbuildings.  Since no garden plots were discovered, Williams drew plans for formal gardens authentic to the time period Tryon Palace was first constructed.  During the excavations and restoration, Williams salvaged many artifacts, which he never fully identified and/or processed.  This later became a point of contention between Williams and the benefactors of Tryon Palace.","1961 – Returned to Harvard as a lecturer for landscape architecture.","December 1961 – Settled accounts with Tryon Palace by returning all artifacts to the Tryon Palace Commission.  ","1962-1977 – Williams and his wife continued to restore historic sites and landscapes for the remainder of his life.","February 1977 – At ninety-one, Williams returned with his family to Mount Vernon for a visit, and was well received by Regent Mrs. John H. Guy, Jr., Director Charles Cecil Wall, and others.","December 1, 1977 – Morley Jeffers Williams died of congestive heart failure.     ","Papers of the MVLA\nPapers of the Superintendent and Resident Director\nMeasured drawings (architectural drawings)\nRestoration Files of the Historic Structures Report","The collection consists of correspondence, reports, surveys, newspaper clippings, biographies and other written works, bibliographies, excerpts from diaries, letters, inventories and ledgers, various types of architectural and archaeological drawings, maps, and images documenting the work and research conducted during Morley Jeffers Williams's tenure at George Washington's Mount Vernon.  Williams compiled the majority of the documents and images found in this collection between 1931 and 1939; however, the information contained within these records dates from 1602 to 1967.  \nThe bulk of the collection consists of numerous architectural and archaeological drawings detailing past and contemporary views of George Washington's estate; furthermore, there are several drawings depicting possible future renovations to Mount Vernon.  This collection also contains a large amount of scholarly research pertaining to George Washington, Mount Vernon, and 18th-century life and culture.  This information provides an in-depth understanding of George Washington's life, particularly concerning his interactions with his estate.  Other documentation charts the efforts of Morley Jeffers Williams as he worked to restore the structures and landscape at Mount Vernon.","Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","Johnston, Frances Benjamin, 1864-1952","Ulman, Nathalia","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A.MJW","/repositories/2/resources/2"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Morley Jeffers Williams Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Morley Jeffers Williams Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Morley Jeffers Williams Collection"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977"],"creator_ssim":["Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977"],"creators_ssim":["Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.62 Linear Feet 11 Hollinger boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.62 Linear Feet 11 Hollinger boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in each series have been arranged alphabetically and according to subject matter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eList of Series:\nSeries 1: Structures, 1676 – 1938\nSub-Series 1.1: Buildings and Structures\nSub-Series 1.2: Mansion\n  \tI. General\n   \tII. Exterior\n \tIII. Interior\nSeries 2: Landscape, 1737 – 1939\nSub-Series 2.1: Gardens\nSub-Series 2.2: Grounds\nSub-Series 2.3: Walls \u0026amp; Gates\nSeries 3: Farming \u0026amp; Life at Mount Vernon, 1713 – 1925 \nSeries 4: Other Historic Sites, 1730 – 1937\nSeries 5: Biographical Information, 1602 – 1962\nSub-Series 5.1: Biographies\nSub-Series 5.2: Bibliographies \u0026amp; Written Works\nSub-Series 5.3: Chronologies\nSub-Series 5.4: Writings to/from George Washington\nSeries 6: Architecture and Archaeology \nSub-Series 6.1: Maps \u0026amp; Drawings\nSub-Series 6.2: Surveys\nSeries 7: Ephemera, 1758 - 1938\nSub-Series 7.1: Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\nSub-Series 7.2: Reports\nSub-Series 7.3: Images\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials in each series have been arranged alphabetically and according to subject matter. ","List of Series:\nSeries 1: Structures, 1676 – 1938\nSub-Series 1.1: Buildings and Structures\nSub-Series 1.2: Mansion\n  \tI. General\n   \tII. Exterior\n \tIII. Interior\nSeries 2: Landscape, 1737 – 1939\nSub-Series 2.1: Gardens\nSub-Series 2.2: Grounds\nSub-Series 2.3: Walls \u0026 Gates\nSeries 3: Farming \u0026 Life at Mount Vernon, 1713 – 1925 \nSeries 4: Other Historic Sites, 1730 – 1937\nSeries 5: Biographical Information, 1602 – 1962\nSub-Series 5.1: Biographies\nSub-Series 5.2: Bibliographies \u0026 Written Works\nSub-Series 5.3: Chronologies\nSub-Series 5.4: Writings to/from George Washington\nSeries 6: Architecture and Archaeology \nSub-Series 6.1: Maps \u0026 Drawings\nSub-Series 6.2: Surveys\nSeries 7: Ephemera, 1758 - 1938\nSub-Series 7.1: Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\nSub-Series 7.2: Reports\nSub-Series 7.3: Images"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMorley Jeffers Williams was born in Tillsonburg, Ontario, Canada on August 1, 1886.  In 1910, twenty-four-year-old Williams attended the engineering school at the University of Toronto for training as a civil engineer.  Over the next eleven years, Williams used his engineering degree to work in various construction and agricultural positions such as bridge construction inspector for the Canadian Pacific Railroad and farm overseer.  After earning a second degree in horticulture from the Ontario Agricultural College in Guelph, Ontario, Williams became an instructor and student at the Harvard University School of Design.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring a successful academic career in which he was awarded several grants and appointed an assistant professor at Harvard School of Design, Williams began to visit historic sites and make topographic surveys for his own research.  He became involved with restoration projects at various sites, and in 1931 the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) contracted Williams to prepare topographic drawings of Mount Vernon for the bicentennial of George Washington's birth.  After Williams completed his work at Mount Vernon, he continued to study the architectural and archaeological elements of George Washington's estate, in addition to his other projects and responsibilities.  In spring 1935, the MVLA again contracted Williams; his task was to restore the Kitchen Garden.  By the following winter, the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association hired Williams to be the Director of the new Research and Restoration Department.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time as Director of Research and Restoration, Williams uncovered and assisted in the reconstruction and/or restoration of several original structures on-site including the Kitchen Garden, Deer Park Wall, and two Ha-Ha Walls.  Williams also helped improve the historic integrity within the Mansion, as he both researched 18th-century material culture and used artifacts found during excavations to ensure the objects placed in the mansion and other site buildings were historically accurate for Mount Vernon.  Under Williams's supervision, the Department of Research and Restoration eventually expanded to oversee the restoration of the Mansion, Tomb, and Gardens, and the development of the Library.  \nIn May 1939, the board of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association decided to discontinue both the Department of Research and Restoration and Williams's position as department head.  Soon thereafter, Williams left Mount Vernon and began his own business conducting architectural and archaeological research. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThroughout the duration of his life, Morley Williams worked at various other historic sites including Tryon Palace in North Carolina.  He became a professor of landscape architecture at the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design, and was later appointed chair of the Landscape Architecture Department.  In early 1977, Williams returned to Mount Vernon with his family for a visit and was well received. Approximately 10 months later, Morley Williams died of congestive heart failure.     \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMorley Williams was a pioneer of rigorous and scholarly study of Mount Vernon, especially on the evolution of the estate landscape.  As Director of the Research and Restoration Department, Williams used an interdisciplinary approach to research and restoration, by combining landscape architecture, history, historic preservation, and archaeology.  Much of the current understanding of Mount Vernon's history is based upon the findings of Morley Williams.  To this day, Morley Jeffers Williams's work continues to be an immeasurable asset to the restoration efforts at Mount Vernon.   \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChronology:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe following is a more in-depth timeline charting the life and accomplishments of Morley Jeffers Williams. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAugust 1, 1886 – Born in Tillsenburg, Ontario, Canada.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1910-1911 – Attended the engineering school at the University of Toronto for training as a civil engineer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1911 – Hired as a bridge construction inspector by the Canadian Pacific Railroad.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1912 – Hired as bridge construction inspector and the acting engineer of bridge site surveys by the Montreal-Port Arthur District of the Canadian Northern Railway.  Eventually promoted to resident engineer in charge of roadbed grading and track-laying.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1914 – Resigned from his job and relocated to Kingsville, Ontario.  Became the co-owner of a grain elevator and cultivated three hundred acres of land with seed grades of corn, small grains, and grasses.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1922 – Began managing Vincent Massey's farm; some responsibilities included consulting about the buildings and presentations of other private farms.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1925: Earned a horticulture degree from the Ontario Agricultural College in Guelph, Ontario.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1927 – Became a student and instructor at Harvard School of Design.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1928 – Earned an MLA (landscape architecture) in city planning at Harvard University's School of Design.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1929 – Received the Sheldon Traveling Fellowship and studied landscape design in Europe and North Africa.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1930 – Became an assistant professor at Harvard School of Design.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarch 1931 – Awarded a grant from the Clark Fund for Research in Landscape Design at Harvard to study \"American Landscape Design as Exemplified by the Plantation Estates of Maryland and Virginia, 1750 to 1860.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMay 1931 – Visited various historic plantations, including Gunston Hall and Woodlawn, creating topographic surveys.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJuly 1931 – Contracted to prepare topographic drawings of Mount Vernon for the bicentennial of George Washington's birth.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSummer 1932 – Hired to complete Arthur Shurcliff's research and excavations at Stratford Hall.  Identified many original structures and sketched architectural restoration plans for the east garden at Stratford Hall.  Received a second grant from the Clark Fund, which allowed him to further his research on Virginia and Maryland plantations, including Monticello.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSummer 1933 – Supervised the restoration of the east garden at Stratford Hall.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSummer 1934 – Received funding from the Emergency Relief Administration of Massachusetts to restore God's Acre in Harvard Square, an old burial ground. Upon finishing this restoration project, Williams continued his architectural and archaeological assessment of the grounds at Mount Vernon.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMay 1935 – Contracted to restore the Kitchen Garden at Mount Vernon under the supervision of Mrs. Horace Brown, the Vice-Regent for Vermont.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSummer 1935 – Continued to oversee the restoration of the Kitchen Garden at Mount Vernon.  He was also contracted to assess the history of White House landscaping in light of possible changes to design.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWinter 1935 – Hired by Mount Vernon as the Director of Research and Restoration.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpring 1936 – Taught during spring semester at Harvard, then resigned his professorship in order to focus his efforts at Mount Vernon. Williams helped to rebuild and/or restore several original structures on-site including the Kitchen Garden and Deer Park Wall.  He used artifacts found during excavations such as door hinges and other hardware to model replicas for the newly restored buildings.  Williams also uncovered various original structures including two Ha-Ha walls and a cross-wall underlying the Bowling Green, which were previously unknown to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1937 – Concerned with preserving the historic integrity of the site, Williams pointed out items and structures he deemed inaccurate such as various walkways and coaches.  As Director of the Department of Research and Restoration, Williams also focused on accessing primary documentation for research, as well as acquiring objects for Mount Vernon's collections.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1938 - Contracted Frances Benjamin Johnston to make photographic studies as a supplement to his measured drawings.  Her photographs were combined with an article written by Williams in the January 1938 edition of Landscape Architecture and the February issue of American Architect and Architecture.  Williams also assigned employees within the Department of Research and Restoration to research various collections located at the Library of Congress that he believed would help to maintain the historic integrity at Mount Vernon as restoration efforts continued.    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1939 – Under Williams's supervision, the Department of Research and Restoration grew to oversee the research and restoration of the Mansion, Tomb, Gardens, Grounds, and Outbuildings, as well as the development of the Library.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMay 16, 1939 – Board of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association voted to dismantle the Department of Research and Restoration as of June 1, 1939.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSummer 1939 – Williams ended his association with Mount Vernon after the dissolution of the Department of Research and Restoration and began his own business conducting architectural and archaeological research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1940 – 1941 – Researched 18th-century manuscripts and newspapers in several prominent repositories, including the Library of Congress. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1941-1947 – Morley Williams and his wife, Nathalia Williams, managed their own business for architectural and archaeological research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1947 – Hired as a professor of landscape architecture by the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1948 – Appointed chair of the landscape architecture department at the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1952 –1960 (ca.) - Contracted to restore Tryon Palace, a pre-Revolutionary governor's mansion in North Carolina.  Oversaw archaeological excavations that exposed the original foundation of the governor's mansion, as well as uncovered other structural aspects of the site such as water sources and outbuildings.  Since no garden plots were discovered, Williams drew plans for formal gardens authentic to the time period Tryon Palace was first constructed.  During the excavations and restoration, Williams salvaged many artifacts, which he never fully identified and/or processed.  This later became a point of contention between Williams and the benefactors of Tryon Palace.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1961 – Returned to Harvard as a lecturer for landscape architecture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDecember 1961 – Settled accounts with Tryon Palace by returning all artifacts to the Tryon Palace Commission.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1962-1977 – Williams and his wife continued to restore historic sites and landscapes for the remainder of his life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFebruary 1977 – At ninety-one, Williams returned with his family to Mount Vernon for a visit, and was well received by Regent Mrs. John H. Guy, Jr., Director Charles Cecil Wall, and others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDecember 1, 1977 – Morley Jeffers Williams died of congestive heart failure.     \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Morley Jeffers Williams was born in Tillsonburg, Ontario, Canada on August 1, 1886.  In 1910, twenty-four-year-old Williams attended the engineering school at the University of Toronto for training as a civil engineer.  Over the next eleven years, Williams used his engineering degree to work in various construction and agricultural positions such as bridge construction inspector for the Canadian Pacific Railroad and farm overseer.  After earning a second degree in horticulture from the Ontario Agricultural College in Guelph, Ontario, Williams became an instructor and student at the Harvard University School of Design.  ","During a successful academic career in which he was awarded several grants and appointed an assistant professor at Harvard School of Design, Williams began to visit historic sites and make topographic surveys for his own research.  He became involved with restoration projects at various sites, and in 1931 the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) contracted Williams to prepare topographic drawings of Mount Vernon for the bicentennial of George Washington's birth.  After Williams completed his work at Mount Vernon, he continued to study the architectural and archaeological elements of George Washington's estate, in addition to his other projects and responsibilities.  In spring 1935, the MVLA again contracted Williams; his task was to restore the Kitchen Garden.  By the following winter, the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association hired Williams to be the Director of the new Research and Restoration Department.","During his time as Director of Research and Restoration, Williams uncovered and assisted in the reconstruction and/or restoration of several original structures on-site including the Kitchen Garden, Deer Park Wall, and two Ha-Ha Walls.  Williams also helped improve the historic integrity within the Mansion, as he both researched 18th-century material culture and used artifacts found during excavations to ensure the objects placed in the mansion and other site buildings were historically accurate for Mount Vernon.  Under Williams's supervision, the Department of Research and Restoration eventually expanded to oversee the restoration of the Mansion, Tomb, and Gardens, and the development of the Library.  \nIn May 1939, the board of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association decided to discontinue both the Department of Research and Restoration and Williams's position as department head.  Soon thereafter, Williams left Mount Vernon and began his own business conducting architectural and archaeological research. ","Throughout the duration of his life, Morley Williams worked at various other historic sites including Tryon Palace in North Carolina.  He became a professor of landscape architecture at the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design, and was later appointed chair of the Landscape Architecture Department.  In early 1977, Williams returned to Mount Vernon with his family for a visit and was well received. Approximately 10 months later, Morley Williams died of congestive heart failure.     ","Morley Williams was a pioneer of rigorous and scholarly study of Mount Vernon, especially on the evolution of the estate landscape.  As Director of the Research and Restoration Department, Williams used an interdisciplinary approach to research and restoration, by combining landscape architecture, history, historic preservation, and archaeology.  Much of the current understanding of Mount Vernon's history is based upon the findings of Morley Williams.  To this day, Morley Jeffers Williams's work continues to be an immeasurable asset to the restoration efforts at Mount Vernon.   ","Chronology:","The following is a more in-depth timeline charting the life and accomplishments of Morley Jeffers Williams. ","August 1, 1886 – Born in Tillsenburg, Ontario, Canada.","1910-1911 – Attended the engineering school at the University of Toronto for training as a civil engineer.","1911 – Hired as a bridge construction inspector by the Canadian Pacific Railroad.","1912 – Hired as bridge construction inspector and the acting engineer of bridge site surveys by the Montreal-Port Arthur District of the Canadian Northern Railway.  Eventually promoted to resident engineer in charge of roadbed grading and track-laying.","1914 – Resigned from his job and relocated to Kingsville, Ontario.  Became the co-owner of a grain elevator and cultivated three hundred acres of land with seed grades of corn, small grains, and grasses.  ","1922 – Began managing Vincent Massey's farm; some responsibilities included consulting about the buildings and presentations of other private farms.","1925: Earned a horticulture degree from the Ontario Agricultural College in Guelph, Ontario.","1927 – Became a student and instructor at Harvard School of Design.","1928 – Earned an MLA (landscape architecture) in city planning at Harvard University's School of Design.","1929 – Received the Sheldon Traveling Fellowship and studied landscape design in Europe and North Africa.  ","1930 – Became an assistant professor at Harvard School of Design.","March 1931 – Awarded a grant from the Clark Fund for Research in Landscape Design at Harvard to study \"American Landscape Design as Exemplified by the Plantation Estates of Maryland and Virginia, 1750 to 1860.\"","May 1931 – Visited various historic plantations, including Gunston Hall and Woodlawn, creating topographic surveys.","July 1931 – Contracted to prepare topographic drawings of Mount Vernon for the bicentennial of George Washington's birth.","Summer 1932 – Hired to complete Arthur Shurcliff's research and excavations at Stratford Hall.  Identified many original structures and sketched architectural restoration plans for the east garden at Stratford Hall.  Received a second grant from the Clark Fund, which allowed him to further his research on Virginia and Maryland plantations, including Monticello.","Summer 1933 – Supervised the restoration of the east garden at Stratford Hall.","Summer 1934 – Received funding from the Emergency Relief Administration of Massachusetts to restore God's Acre in Harvard Square, an old burial ground. Upon finishing this restoration project, Williams continued his architectural and archaeological assessment of the grounds at Mount Vernon.  ","May 1935 – Contracted to restore the Kitchen Garden at Mount Vernon under the supervision of Mrs. Horace Brown, the Vice-Regent for Vermont.  ","Summer 1935 – Continued to oversee the restoration of the Kitchen Garden at Mount Vernon.  He was also contracted to assess the history of White House landscaping in light of possible changes to design.  ","Winter 1935 – Hired by Mount Vernon as the Director of Research and Restoration.  ","Spring 1936 – Taught during spring semester at Harvard, then resigned his professorship in order to focus his efforts at Mount Vernon. Williams helped to rebuild and/or restore several original structures on-site including the Kitchen Garden and Deer Park Wall.  He used artifacts found during excavations such as door hinges and other hardware to model replicas for the newly restored buildings.  Williams also uncovered various original structures including two Ha-Ha walls and a cross-wall underlying the Bowling Green, which were previously unknown to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. ","1937 – Concerned with preserving the historic integrity of the site, Williams pointed out items and structures he deemed inaccurate such as various walkways and coaches.  As Director of the Department of Research and Restoration, Williams also focused on accessing primary documentation for research, as well as acquiring objects for Mount Vernon's collections.  ","1938 - Contracted Frances Benjamin Johnston to make photographic studies as a supplement to his measured drawings.  Her photographs were combined with an article written by Williams in the January 1938 edition of Landscape Architecture and the February issue of American Architect and Architecture.  Williams also assigned employees within the Department of Research and Restoration to research various collections located at the Library of Congress that he believed would help to maintain the historic integrity at Mount Vernon as restoration efforts continued.    ","1939 – Under Williams's supervision, the Department of Research and Restoration grew to oversee the research and restoration of the Mansion, Tomb, Gardens, Grounds, and Outbuildings, as well as the development of the Library.  ","May 16, 1939 – Board of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association voted to dismantle the Department of Research and Restoration as of June 1, 1939.  ","Summer 1939 – Williams ended his association with Mount Vernon after the dissolution of the Department of Research and Restoration and began his own business conducting architectural and archaeological research.","1940 – 1941 – Researched 18th-century manuscripts and newspapers in several prominent repositories, including the Library of Congress. ","1941-1947 – Morley Williams and his wife, Nathalia Williams, managed their own business for architectural and archaeological research.","1947 – Hired as a professor of landscape architecture by the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design.","1948 – Appointed chair of the landscape architecture department at the North Carolina State College (now University) School of Design.","1952 –1960 (ca.) - Contracted to restore Tryon Palace, a pre-Revolutionary governor's mansion in North Carolina.  Oversaw archaeological excavations that exposed the original foundation of the governor's mansion, as well as uncovered other structural aspects of the site such as water sources and outbuildings.  Since no garden plots were discovered, Williams drew plans for formal gardens authentic to the time period Tryon Palace was first constructed.  During the excavations and restoration, Williams salvaged many artifacts, which he never fully identified and/or processed.  This later became a point of contention between Williams and the benefactors of Tryon Palace.","1961 – Returned to Harvard as a lecturer for landscape architecture.","December 1961 – Settled accounts with Tryon Palace by returning all artifacts to the Tryon Palace Commission.  ","1962-1977 – Williams and his wife continued to restore historic sites and landscapes for the remainder of his life.","February 1977 – At ninety-one, Williams returned with his family to Mount Vernon for a visit, and was well received by Regent Mrs. John H. Guy, Jr., Director Charles Cecil Wall, and others.","December 1, 1977 – Morley Jeffers Williams died of congestive heart failure.     "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePreferred citation: [Name and date of item], The Morley Jeffers Williams Collection, [Series, Folder], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples. \u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Preferred citation: [Name and date of item], The Morley Jeffers Williams Collection, [Series, Folder], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia ","See the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the MVLA\nPapers of the Superintendent and Resident Director\nMeasured drawings (architectural drawings)\nRestoration Files of the Historic Structures Report\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Papers of the MVLA\nPapers of the Superintendent and Resident Director\nMeasured drawings (architectural drawings)\nRestoration Files of the Historic Structures Report"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of correspondence, reports, surveys, newspaper clippings, biographies and other written works, bibliographies, excerpts from diaries, letters, inventories and ledgers, various types of architectural and archaeological drawings, maps, and images documenting the work and research conducted during Morley Jeffers Williams's tenure at George Washington's Mount Vernon.  Williams compiled the majority of the documents and images found in this collection between 1931 and 1939; however, the information contained within these records dates from 1602 to 1967.  \nThe bulk of the collection consists of numerous architectural and archaeological drawings detailing past and contemporary views of George Washington's estate; furthermore, there are several drawings depicting possible future renovations to Mount Vernon.  This collection also contains a large amount of scholarly research pertaining to George Washington, Mount Vernon, and 18th-century life and culture.  This information provides an in-depth understanding of George Washington's life, particularly concerning his interactions with his estate.  Other documentation charts the efforts of Morley Jeffers Williams as he worked to restore the structures and landscape at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of correspondence, reports, surveys, newspaper clippings, biographies and other written works, bibliographies, excerpts from diaries, letters, inventories and ledgers, various types of architectural and archaeological drawings, maps, and images documenting the work and research conducted during Morley Jeffers Williams's tenure at George Washington's Mount Vernon.  Williams compiled the majority of the documents and images found in this collection between 1931 and 1939; however, the information contained within these records dates from 1602 to 1967.  \nThe bulk of the collection consists of numerous architectural and archaeological drawings detailing past and contemporary views of George Washington's estate; furthermore, there are several drawings depicting possible future renovations to Mount Vernon.  This collection also contains a large amount of scholarly research pertaining to George Washington, Mount Vernon, and 18th-century life and culture.  This information provides an in-depth understanding of George Washington's life, particularly concerning his interactions with his estate.  Other documentation charts the efforts of Morley Jeffers Williams as he worked to restore the structures and landscape at Mount Vernon."],"names_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","Johnston, Frances Benjamin, 1864-1952","Ulman, Nathalia","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995"],"corpname_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"persname_ssim":["Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","Johnston, Frances Benjamin, 1864-1952","Ulman, Nathalia","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":317,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:45:00.969Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_2"}},{"id":"viu_viu01021_c02_c06","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Notebooks kept by Samuel G. Henkel\n                  concerning Nosology and Treatment","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01021_c02_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu01021_c02_c06","ref_ssm":["viu_viu01021_c02_c06"],"id":"viu_viu01021_c02_c06","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01021","_root_":"viu_viu01021","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01021_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_viu01021_c02","parent_ssim":["viu_viu01021","viu_viu01021_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu01021","viu_viu01021_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Henkel Family Papers \n          1791-1885","Series II: Notebooks"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Henkel Family Papers \n          1791-1885","Series II: Notebooks"],"text":["Henkel Family Papers \n          1791-1885","Series II: Notebooks","Notebooks kept by Samuel G. Henkel\n                  concerning Nosology and Treatment","box Box 2"],"title_filing_ssi":"Notebooks kept by Samuel G. Henkel\n                  concerning Nosology and Treatment","title_ssm":["Notebooks kept by Samuel G. Henkel\n                  concerning Nosology and Treatment"],"title_tesim":["Notebooks kept by Samuel G. Henkel\n                  concerning Nosology and Treatment"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1827 and 1331"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1331/1827"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Notebooks kept by Samuel G. Henkel\n                  concerning Nosology and Treatment"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Henkel Family Papers \n          1791-1885"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":18,"date_range_isim":[1331,1332,1333,1334,1335,1336,1337,1338,1339,1340,1341,1342,1343,1344,1345,1346,1347,1348,1349,1350,1351,1352,1353,1354,1355,1356,1357,1358,1359,1360,1361,1362,1363,1364,1365,1366,1367,1368,1369,1370,1371,1372,1373,1374,1375,1376,1377,1378,1379,1380,1381,1382,1383,1384,1385,1386,1387,1388,1389,1390,1391,1392,1393,1394,1395,1396,1397,1398,1399,1400,1401,1402,1403,1404,1405,1406,1407,1408,1409,1410,1411,1412,1413,1414,1415,1416,1417,1418,1419,1420,1421,1422,1423,1424,1425,1426,1427,1428,1429,1430,1431,1432,1433,1434,1435,1436,1437,1438,1439,1440,1441,1442,1443,1444,1445,1446,1447,1448,1449,1450,1451,1452,1453,1454,1455,1456,1457,1458,1459,1460,1461,1462,1463,1464,1465,1466,1467,1468,1469,1470,1471,1472,1473,1474,1475,1476,1477,1478,1479,1480,1481,1482,1483,1484,1485,1486,1487,1488,1489,1490,1491,1492,1493,1494,1495,1496,1497,1498,1499,1500,1501,1502,1503,1504,1505,1506,1507,1508,1509,1510,1511,1512,1513,1514,1515,1516,1517,1518,1519,1520,1521,1522,1523,1524,1525,1526,1527,1528,1529,1530,1531,1532,1533,1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827],"containers_ssim":["box Box 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#5","timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:44:31.801Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu01021","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01021","_root_":"viu_viu01021","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01021","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu01021.xml","title_ssm":["Henkel Family Papers \n          1791-1885"],"title_tesim":["Henkel Family Papers \n          1791-1885"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["8653-c"],"text":["8653-c","Henkel Family Papers \n          1791-1885","225 items","The Henkel Family papers are organized in three series: I.\n         Correspondence (which is arranged chronologically); II. Notebooks; III. manuscripts. The third series\n         is further subdivided into German and English manuscripts.\n","This addition to the \n          Henkel family papers contains 225 items (3\n         Hollinger boxes; 1 linear shelf foot), 1791-1885, chiefly the\n         correspondence of \n          David Henkel (1795-1831) and other members\n         of the family, manuscripts concerning religion and printing,\n         notebooks relating to medical or scholastic subjects, and\n         miscellaneous family papers. The \n          Henkel family of \n          New Market, Virginia, operated the \n          Henkel printing press which became the\n         most important bilingual printing establishment for German\n         Lutherans in the states of \n          Virginia, \n          Tennessee, and \n          North Carolina during the nineteenth\n         century. For more information concerning the contributions of\n         the \n          Henkel family to the printing of religious\n         works and preaching in the Lutheran Church, consult Klaus\n         Wust's  Guide to the Henkel Family Papers  and Christopher L.\n         Dolinetsch's book,  The German Press of the Shenandoah Valley.","Most of the early correspondence, [1812]-1823, consists of\n         letters of \n          David Henkel to his brother, \n          Solomon Henkel (1777-1847), or other\n         family members, and generally concern the publication plans\n         for religious books, pamphlets, and hymnals, his travels as a\n         Lutheran preacher, Biblical exegesis, book sales, Lutheran\n         synodical affairs, Lutheran doctrine, and revisions of Henkel\n         publications. All of \n          David Henkel's letters are in German\n         script unless otherwise noted.","The following list of letters from \n          David Henkel to his brother Solomon\n         usually include brief content notes: fragment ( [1812] );\n         hymnal publication (Oct. 12, 1812); travel and news of \n          South Carolina (Nov. 10, 1812); Biblical\n         passages (Apr. 29, 1813); book orders (Jun. 17, 1813); content\n         unknown (Jun. 19 and Oct. 21, 1813); in English, a long\n         discourse on religious ideas, especially concerning the errors\n         of the Calvinists and other sects (Jan. 15, 1814); in English,\n         the need for many English Christian catechisms in the South\n         (Jun. 28, 1815); book orders (Jul. 24, 1816 and Apr. 30,\n         1817); content unknown (Mar. 10 and May 22, 1817 ); in\n         English, David advises Solomon not to print any more German\n         hymnals and that the Synod has appointed him as a missionary\n         to the West \n          Tennessee area (Oct. 29 , 1817 );\n         publishing and theological writing (Jan. 23, 1818); travel\n         plans and book orders from \n          Europe (Jun. 17, 1818); book sales and\n         travel plans to \n          Louisiana (Aug. 21, 1818); David's aborted\n         trip to \n          Louisiana and his travels as a guest\n         preacher in the Carolinas (Dec. 4, 1818); potential lawsuits\n         over printing delays ard synodical matters (flay 31, 1819);\n         synodical controversy (Aug. 9, 1819); printing (Jan. 27,\n         1820); proposed constitution for a German Society and\n         publishing projects (Apr. 7, 1820); sales of ABC books (Jul.\n         7, 1820); proposal to puplish a book of Lutheran doctrine and\n         belief (Aug. 9, 1820); outline of points to be included in a\n         projected book (Oct. 3, 1820); committee report and findings\n         regarding \n          David Henkel and synodical affairs (Oct.\n         28, 1820); in English, news that the \n          North Carolina synod is in great confusion\n         and the necessity of a visit to all the churches (Oct. 29,\n         1820); hymnal orders and synodical matters, especially in \n          Tennessee (Dec. 18, 1820 and Feb. 10,\n         1821); revisions and printing orders (Feb. 23 and Mar. 1,\n         1821); content unknown (Apr. 12, 1821); synod business,\n         especially in \n          Tennessee (Apr. 17, Jun. 9 and 23, 1821);\n         cook orders (Jul. 9, 1821); hymnal orders, writing projects\n         and synodical matters (Aug. 2, 1821); content unknown (Oct. 5,\n         1821); travels and book distribution (Nov. 29, 1821); fiscal\n         affairs of the synod (Dec. 17, 1821); selections from the\n         Catechism in both German and English and other religious\n         writings (Jan. 31, 1822); the book business and church matters\n         (Mar. 1, 1822); content unknown (Mar. 19, 1822); distribution\n         of ABC books (Apr. 13, 1822); proposal to publish hymnal (May\n         30, 1822); business transactions (Jun. 25, 1822);\n         consideration of whether to move to \n          New Market (Aug. 9, 1822); tithing (Nov.\n         18, 1822); synodical matters (Nov. 24, 1822); book business\n         and travel west to \n          Kentucky and \n          Tennessee (May 5, 1823); content unknown\n         (May 11, [n. y.]); publishing proposal, including a tract on\n         baptism (Dec. 25, [n. y.]); and Lutheran doctrine.","\n          David Henkel's letters to others include\n         the following subjects: travel to \n          South Carolina (Apr. 22, 1813); various\n         writings in progress (Dec. 1, 1815) and with content unknown\n         (Feb. 22, 1815; Apr. 23, 1816; and Oct. 30, 1820).","The other major group of letters consists of the\n         correspondence of the \n          Henkel family . Most of this correspondence\n         is concerned with the translation and revision of the Book of\n         Concord, or Symbolical Books of the \n          Evangelical Lutheran Church , which was\n         undertaken by the \n          Henkel family as a labor of love for the\n         benerit of the Lutheran Church in the United States. In\n         addition to members of the \n          Henkel family , \n          H. Wetzel and \n          J. R. Moser were employed as translators\n         for the Book of Concord by \n          Solomon D. Henkel and Company . Both men\n         corresponded with members of the \n          Henkel family . Letters written on the\n         following dates discuss their translations: Mar. 20, Apr. 30,\n         and Aug. 18, 1846; Aug. 3 and Dec. 8, 1847; Feb. 4, Mar. 25,\n         and Aug. 25, 1848.","The revision of the  Book of Concord,  begun in 1851,\n         attracted the services of several well-known Lutheran\n         scholars. Copies of the letters of \n          Samuel G. Henkel and \n          Solomon D. Henkel to these men asking for\n         their help in revising the various sections of the Book of\n         Concord and responding to the corrections and the replies from\n         these scholars compose the majority of the correspondence from\n         1851-1854. Those scholars who contributed to the second\n         edition include \n          Charles Philip Rrauth of Gettysburg,\n         Pennsylvania, \n          W. F. Lehman of Columbus, Ohio, \n          John G. Morris of Baltimore and \n          Charles F. Schaeffer of Easton,\n         Pennsylvania. Letters concerning the work on the second\n         edition of the Book of Concord include: Dec. 22, 24, 28, 30,\n         and 31, 1851; Jan. 6, 12, 13, 15, 16, 21, and 25; Feb. 5 and\n         13; Mar. 2, 4, 6, and 27; Apr. 12, 20, and 26; May 18; Jun. 21\n         and 30; Jul. 23; Aug. 5; Sep. 3, 8, 20, and 22; Nov. 22; and\n         Dec. 15, 1852; Feb. 19; Jun. 20; Jul. 16; and Nov. 1 and 2,\n         1853, Feb. 8; Mar. 2, 22, and 28; Apr. 3, 7, 14, 18, 21, 24,\n         and 26; May 4, 5, 3, 9, 15, 22, and 30; Jul. 27; Sep. 9, 1854;\n         and Sep. 17, n. y.","Other subjects include: the death of \n          Solomon D. Henkel (Nov. 23, 1847); the\n         Lutheran ministry (Feb. 23, 1848, and Aug. 1849); the\n         translation of the Book of Concord (Aug. 11, 1848; Jan. 20,\n         1849; Feb. 13, 1849; Nov. 12, 1851; Mar. 22 and 29, 1853);\n         various synodical affairs (Jun. 24, 1848; Dec. 5, 1851; Jan.\n         30, 1852; Apr. 28, May 2, and Aug. 31, 1853; and Sep. 21,\n         1857); deeds of the old Benner land in \n          Albemarle County, Virginia (Dec. 21,\n         1849); publication of a translation of Luther's Church Postil,\n         a series of sermons on the epistles of the Church Year (Oct.\n         29 and Llov. 4, 1356; and Apr. 29, 1857) and medical cases\n         (Aug. 6, 1866; Dec. 13, 1880; and Apr. 9, 1885).","Other materials in this collection include notebooks kept\n         by \n          Samuel G. Henkel during the time he\n         studied to be a physician, especially on nosology, osteology\n         and myology. There are also German and English manuscripts\n         concerning Lutheran doctrine, Biblical exegesis, commentaries,\n         a catechistic tract, religious adages, religious treatises,\n         synodical affairs, sermons, a translation of the  Apologia of\n         the Confession  and  The Lesser Catechism of the Eminent\n         Martin Luther . There are also papers concerning the General\n         and \n          Tennessee Synod of the Lutheran Church and\n         the translation of the revision of the Book of Concord.","","English"],"unitid_tesim":["8653-c"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henkel Family Papers \n          1791-1885"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henkel Family Papers \n          1791-1885"],"collection_ssim":["Henkel Family Papers \n          1791-1885"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was given to the Library on November 6,\n            1935 by Mrs. John Godfrey Miller of New Market, Virginia,\n            in memory of Mr. John Godfrey Miller, through D. H. E.\n            Comstock of Winchester, Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["225 items"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Henkel Family papers are organized in three series: I.\n         Correspondence (which is arranged chronologically); II. Notebooks; III. manuscripts. The third series\n         is further subdivided into German and English manuscripts.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Henkel Family papers are organized in three series: I.\n         Correspondence (which is arranged chronologically); II. Notebooks; III. manuscripts. The third series\n         is further subdivided into German and English manuscripts.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis addition to the \n          Henkel family papers contains 225 items (3\n         Hollinger boxes; 1 linear shelf foot), 1791-1885, chiefly the\n         correspondence of \n          David Henkel (1795-1831) and other members\n         of the family, manuscripts concerning religion and printing,\n         notebooks relating to medical or scholastic subjects, and\n         miscellaneous family papers. The \n          Henkel family of \n          New Market, Virginia, operated the \n          Henkel printing press which became the\n         most important bilingual printing establishment for German\n         Lutherans in the states of \n          Virginia, \n          Tennessee, and \n          North Carolina during the nineteenth\n         century. For more information concerning the contributions of\n         the \n          Henkel family to the printing of religious\n         works and preaching in the Lutheran Church, consult Klaus\n         Wust's \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eGuide to the Henkel Family Papers\u003c/title\u003e and Christopher L.\n         Dolinetsch's book, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe German Press of the Shenandoah Valley.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost of the early correspondence, [1812]-1823, consists of\n         letters of \n          David Henkel to his brother, \n          Solomon Henkel (1777-1847), or other\n         family members, and generally concern the publication plans\n         for religious books, pamphlets, and hymnals, his travels as a\n         Lutheran preacher, Biblical exegesis, book sales, Lutheran\n         synodical affairs, Lutheran doctrine, and revisions of Henkel\n         publications. All of \n          David Henkel's letters are in German\n         script unless otherwise noted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe following list of letters from \n          David Henkel to his brother Solomon\n         usually include brief content notes: fragment ( [1812] );\n         hymnal publication (Oct. 12, 1812); travel and news of \n          South Carolina (Nov. 10, 1812); Biblical\n         passages (Apr. 29, 1813); book orders (Jun. 17, 1813); content\n         unknown (Jun. 19 and Oct. 21, 1813); in English, a long\n         discourse on religious ideas, especially concerning the errors\n         of the Calvinists and other sects (Jan. 15, 1814); in English,\n         the need for many English Christian catechisms in the South\n         (Jun. 28, 1815); book orders (Jul. 24, 1816 and Apr. 30,\n         1817); content unknown (Mar. 10 and May 22, 1817 ); in\n         English, David advises Solomon not to print any more German\n         hymnals and that the Synod has appointed him as a missionary\n         to the West \n          Tennessee area (Oct. 29 , 1817 );\n         publishing and theological writing (Jan. 23, 1818); travel\n         plans and book orders from \n          Europe (Jun. 17, 1818); book sales and\n         travel plans to \n          Louisiana (Aug. 21, 1818); David's aborted\n         trip to \n          Louisiana and his travels as a guest\n         preacher in the Carolinas (Dec. 4, 1818); potential lawsuits\n         over printing delays ard synodical matters (flay 31, 1819);\n         synodical controversy (Aug. 9, 1819); printing (Jan. 27,\n         1820); proposed constitution for a German Society and\n         publishing projects (Apr. 7, 1820); sales of ABC books (Jul.\n         7, 1820); proposal to puplish a book of Lutheran doctrine and\n         belief (Aug. 9, 1820); outline of points to be included in a\n         projected book (Oct. 3, 1820); committee report and findings\n         regarding \n          David Henkel and synodical affairs (Oct.\n         28, 1820); in English, news that the \n          North Carolina synod is in great confusion\n         and the necessity of a visit to all the churches (Oct. 29,\n         1820); hymnal orders and synodical matters, especially in \n          Tennessee (Dec. 18, 1820 and Feb. 10,\n         1821); revisions and printing orders (Feb. 23 and Mar. 1,\n         1821); content unknown (Apr. 12, 1821); synod business,\n         especially in \n          Tennessee (Apr. 17, Jun. 9 and 23, 1821);\n         cook orders (Jul. 9, 1821); hymnal orders, writing projects\n         and synodical matters (Aug. 2, 1821); content unknown (Oct. 5,\n         1821); travels and book distribution (Nov. 29, 1821); fiscal\n         affairs of the synod (Dec. 17, 1821); selections from the\n         Catechism in both German and English and other religious\n         writings (Jan. 31, 1822); the book business and church matters\n         (Mar. 1, 1822); content unknown (Mar. 19, 1822); distribution\n         of ABC books (Apr. 13, 1822); proposal to publish hymnal (May\n         30, 1822); business transactions (Jun. 25, 1822);\n         consideration of whether to move to \n          New Market (Aug. 9, 1822); tithing (Nov.\n         18, 1822); synodical matters (Nov. 24, 1822); book business\n         and travel west to \n          Kentucky and \n          Tennessee (May 5, 1823); content unknown\n         (May 11, [n. y.]); publishing proposal, including a tract on\n         baptism (Dec. 25, [n. y.]); and Lutheran doctrine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n          David Henkel's letters to others include\n         the following subjects: travel to \n          South Carolina (Apr. 22, 1813); various\n         writings in progress (Dec. 1, 1815) and with content unknown\n         (Feb. 22, 1815; Apr. 23, 1816; and Oct. 30, 1820).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe other major group of letters consists of the\n         correspondence of the \n          Henkel family . Most of this correspondence\n         is concerned with the translation and revision of the Book of\n         Concord, or Symbolical Books of the \n          Evangelical Lutheran Church , which was\n         undertaken by the \n          Henkel family as a labor of love for the\n         benerit of the Lutheran Church in the United States. In\n         addition to members of the \n          Henkel family , \n          H. Wetzel and \n          J. R. Moser were employed as translators\n         for the Book of Concord by \n          Solomon D. Henkel and Company . Both men\n         corresponded with members of the \n          Henkel family . Letters written on the\n         following dates discuss their translations: Mar. 20, Apr. 30,\n         and Aug. 18, 1846; Aug. 3 and Dec. 8, 1847; Feb. 4, Mar. 25,\n         and Aug. 25, 1848.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe revision of the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBook of Concord,\u003c/title\u003e begun in 1851,\n         attracted the services of several well-known Lutheran\n         scholars. Copies of the letters of \n          Samuel G. Henkel and \n          Solomon D. Henkel to these men asking for\n         their help in revising the various sections of the Book of\n         Concord and responding to the corrections and the replies from\n         these scholars compose the majority of the correspondence from\n         1851-1854. Those scholars who contributed to the second\n         edition include \n          Charles Philip Rrauth of Gettysburg,\n         Pennsylvania, \n          W. F. Lehman of Columbus, Ohio, \n          John G. Morris of Baltimore and \n          Charles F. Schaeffer of Easton,\n         Pennsylvania. Letters concerning the work on the second\n         edition of the Book of Concord include: Dec. 22, 24, 28, 30,\n         and 31, 1851; Jan. 6, 12, 13, 15, 16, 21, and 25; Feb. 5 and\n         13; Mar. 2, 4, 6, and 27; Apr. 12, 20, and 26; May 18; Jun. 21\n         and 30; Jul. 23; Aug. 5; Sep. 3, 8, 20, and 22; Nov. 22; and\n         Dec. 15, 1852; Feb. 19; Jun. 20; Jul. 16; and Nov. 1 and 2,\n         1853, Feb. 8; Mar. 2, 22, and 28; Apr. 3, 7, 14, 18, 21, 24,\n         and 26; May 4, 5, 3, 9, 15, 22, and 30; Jul. 27; Sep. 9, 1854;\n         and Sep. 17, n. y.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther subjects include: the death of \n          Solomon D. Henkel (Nov. 23, 1847); the\n         Lutheran ministry (Feb. 23, 1848, and Aug. 1849); the\n         translation of the Book of Concord (Aug. 11, 1848; Jan. 20,\n         1849; Feb. 13, 1849; Nov. 12, 1851; Mar. 22 and 29, 1853);\n         various synodical affairs (Jun. 24, 1848; Dec. 5, 1851; Jan.\n         30, 1852; Apr. 28, May 2, and Aug. 31, 1853; and Sep. 21,\n         1857); deeds of the old Benner land in \n          Albemarle County, Virginia (Dec. 21,\n         1849); publication of a translation of Luther's Church Postil,\n         a series of sermons on the epistles of the Church Year (Oct.\n         29 and Llov. 4, 1356; and Apr. 29, 1857) and medical cases\n         (Aug. 6, 1866; Dec. 13, 1880; and Apr. 9, 1885).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther materials in this collection include notebooks kept\n         by \n          Samuel G. Henkel during the time he\n         studied to be a physician, especially on nosology, osteology\n         and myology. There are also German and English manuscripts\n         concerning Lutheran doctrine, Biblical exegesis, commentaries,\n         a catechistic tract, religious adages, religious treatises,\n         synodical affairs, sermons, a translation of the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eApologia of\n         the Confession\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Lesser Catechism of the Eminent\n         Martin Luther\u003c/title\u003e. There are also papers concerning the General\n         and \n          Tennessee Synod of the Lutheran Church and\n         the translation of the revision of the Book of Concord.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This addition to the \n          Henkel family papers contains 225 items (3\n         Hollinger boxes; 1 linear shelf foot), 1791-1885, chiefly the\n         correspondence of \n          David Henkel (1795-1831) and other members\n         of the family, manuscripts concerning religion and printing,\n         notebooks relating to medical or scholastic subjects, and\n         miscellaneous family papers. The \n          Henkel family of \n          New Market, Virginia, operated the \n          Henkel printing press which became the\n         most important bilingual printing establishment for German\n         Lutherans in the states of \n          Virginia, \n          Tennessee, and \n          North Carolina during the nineteenth\n         century. For more information concerning the contributions of\n         the \n          Henkel family to the printing of religious\n         works and preaching in the Lutheran Church, consult Klaus\n         Wust's  Guide to the Henkel Family Papers  and Christopher L.\n         Dolinetsch's book,  The German Press of the Shenandoah Valley.","Most of the early correspondence, [1812]-1823, consists of\n         letters of \n          David Henkel to his brother, \n          Solomon Henkel (1777-1847), or other\n         family members, and generally concern the publication plans\n         for religious books, pamphlets, and hymnals, his travels as a\n         Lutheran preacher, Biblical exegesis, book sales, Lutheran\n         synodical affairs, Lutheran doctrine, and revisions of Henkel\n         publications. All of \n          David Henkel's letters are in German\n         script unless otherwise noted.","The following list of letters from \n          David Henkel to his brother Solomon\n         usually include brief content notes: fragment ( [1812] );\n         hymnal publication (Oct. 12, 1812); travel and news of \n          South Carolina (Nov. 10, 1812); Biblical\n         passages (Apr. 29, 1813); book orders (Jun. 17, 1813); content\n         unknown (Jun. 19 and Oct. 21, 1813); in English, a long\n         discourse on religious ideas, especially concerning the errors\n         of the Calvinists and other sects (Jan. 15, 1814); in English,\n         the need for many English Christian catechisms in the South\n         (Jun. 28, 1815); book orders (Jul. 24, 1816 and Apr. 30,\n         1817); content unknown (Mar. 10 and May 22, 1817 ); in\n         English, David advises Solomon not to print any more German\n         hymnals and that the Synod has appointed him as a missionary\n         to the West \n          Tennessee area (Oct. 29 , 1817 );\n         publishing and theological writing (Jan. 23, 1818); travel\n         plans and book orders from \n          Europe (Jun. 17, 1818); book sales and\n         travel plans to \n          Louisiana (Aug. 21, 1818); David's aborted\n         trip to \n          Louisiana and his travels as a guest\n         preacher in the Carolinas (Dec. 4, 1818); potential lawsuits\n         over printing delays ard synodical matters (flay 31, 1819);\n         synodical controversy (Aug. 9, 1819); printing (Jan. 27,\n         1820); proposed constitution for a German Society and\n         publishing projects (Apr. 7, 1820); sales of ABC books (Jul.\n         7, 1820); proposal to puplish a book of Lutheran doctrine and\n         belief (Aug. 9, 1820); outline of points to be included in a\n         projected book (Oct. 3, 1820); committee report and findings\n         regarding \n          David Henkel and synodical affairs (Oct.\n         28, 1820); in English, news that the \n          North Carolina synod is in great confusion\n         and the necessity of a visit to all the churches (Oct. 29,\n         1820); hymnal orders and synodical matters, especially in \n          Tennessee (Dec. 18, 1820 and Feb. 10,\n         1821); revisions and printing orders (Feb. 23 and Mar. 1,\n         1821); content unknown (Apr. 12, 1821); synod business,\n         especially in \n          Tennessee (Apr. 17, Jun. 9 and 23, 1821);\n         cook orders (Jul. 9, 1821); hymnal orders, writing projects\n         and synodical matters (Aug. 2, 1821); content unknown (Oct. 5,\n         1821); travels and book distribution (Nov. 29, 1821); fiscal\n         affairs of the synod (Dec. 17, 1821); selections from the\n         Catechism in both German and English and other religious\n         writings (Jan. 31, 1822); the book business and church matters\n         (Mar. 1, 1822); content unknown (Mar. 19, 1822); distribution\n         of ABC books (Apr. 13, 1822); proposal to publish hymnal (May\n         30, 1822); business transactions (Jun. 25, 1822);\n         consideration of whether to move to \n          New Market (Aug. 9, 1822); tithing (Nov.\n         18, 1822); synodical matters (Nov. 24, 1822); book business\n         and travel west to \n          Kentucky and \n          Tennessee (May 5, 1823); content unknown\n         (May 11, [n. y.]); publishing proposal, including a tract on\n         baptism (Dec. 25, [n. y.]); and Lutheran doctrine.","\n          David Henkel's letters to others include\n         the following subjects: travel to \n          South Carolina (Apr. 22, 1813); various\n         writings in progress (Dec. 1, 1815) and with content unknown\n         (Feb. 22, 1815; Apr. 23, 1816; and Oct. 30, 1820).","The other major group of letters consists of the\n         correspondence of the \n          Henkel family . Most of this correspondence\n         is concerned with the translation and revision of the Book of\n         Concord, or Symbolical Books of the \n          Evangelical Lutheran Church , which was\n         undertaken by the \n          Henkel family as a labor of love for the\n         benerit of the Lutheran Church in the United States. In\n         addition to members of the \n          Henkel family , \n          H. Wetzel and \n          J. R. Moser were employed as translators\n         for the Book of Concord by \n          Solomon D. Henkel and Company . Both men\n         corresponded with members of the \n          Henkel family . Letters written on the\n         following dates discuss their translations: Mar. 20, Apr. 30,\n         and Aug. 18, 1846; Aug. 3 and Dec. 8, 1847; Feb. 4, Mar. 25,\n         and Aug. 25, 1848.","The revision of the  Book of Concord,  begun in 1851,\n         attracted the services of several well-known Lutheran\n         scholars. Copies of the letters of \n          Samuel G. Henkel and \n          Solomon D. Henkel to these men asking for\n         their help in revising the various sections of the Book of\n         Concord and responding to the corrections and the replies from\n         these scholars compose the majority of the correspondence from\n         1851-1854. Those scholars who contributed to the second\n         edition include \n          Charles Philip Rrauth of Gettysburg,\n         Pennsylvania, \n          W. F. Lehman of Columbus, Ohio, \n          John G. Morris of Baltimore and \n          Charles F. Schaeffer of Easton,\n         Pennsylvania. Letters concerning the work on the second\n         edition of the Book of Concord include: Dec. 22, 24, 28, 30,\n         and 31, 1851; Jan. 6, 12, 13, 15, 16, 21, and 25; Feb. 5 and\n         13; Mar. 2, 4, 6, and 27; Apr. 12, 20, and 26; May 18; Jun. 21\n         and 30; Jul. 23; Aug. 5; Sep. 3, 8, 20, and 22; Nov. 22; and\n         Dec. 15, 1852; Feb. 19; Jun. 20; Jul. 16; and Nov. 1 and 2,\n         1853, Feb. 8; Mar. 2, 22, and 28; Apr. 3, 7, 14, 18, 21, 24,\n         and 26; May 4, 5, 3, 9, 15, 22, and 30; Jul. 27; Sep. 9, 1854;\n         and Sep. 17, n. y.","Other subjects include: the death of \n          Solomon D. Henkel (Nov. 23, 1847); the\n         Lutheran ministry (Feb. 23, 1848, and Aug. 1849); the\n         translation of the Book of Concord (Aug. 11, 1848; Jan. 20,\n         1849; Feb. 13, 1849; Nov. 12, 1851; Mar. 22 and 29, 1853);\n         various synodical affairs (Jun. 24, 1848; Dec. 5, 1851; Jan.\n         30, 1852; Apr. 28, May 2, and Aug. 31, 1853; and Sep. 21,\n         1857); deeds of the old Benner land in \n          Albemarle County, Virginia (Dec. 21,\n         1849); publication of a translation of Luther's Church Postil,\n         a series of sermons on the epistles of the Church Year (Oct.\n         29 and Llov. 4, 1356; and Apr. 29, 1857) and medical cases\n         (Aug. 6, 1866; Dec. 13, 1880; and Apr. 9, 1885).","Other materials in this collection include notebooks kept\n         by \n          Samuel G. Henkel during the time he\n         studied to be a physician, especially on nosology, osteology\n         and myology. There are also German and English manuscripts\n         concerning Lutheran doctrine, Biblical exegesis, commentaries,\n         a catechistic tract, religious adages, religious treatises,\n         synodical affairs, sermons, a translation of the  Apologia of\n         the Confession  and  The Lesser Catechism of the Eminent\n         Martin Luther . There are also papers concerning the General\n         and \n          Tennessee Synod of the Lutheran Church and\n         the translation of the revision of the Book of Concord."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc/\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":[""],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":43,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:44:31.801Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01021_c02_c06"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c04_c01_c04","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"\"Notes from Branchiana\" by James Branch Cabell from Christopher Branch","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c04_c01_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c04_c01_c04","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c04_c01_c04"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c04_c01_c04","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c04_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c04_c01","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8770","viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c04","viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c04_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8770","viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c04","viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c04_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Lee Nicholson Papers","Box 4: Folders 15-26","Branch Family"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Lee Nicholson Papers","Box 4: Folders 15-26","Branch Family"],"text":["Lee Nicholson Papers","Box 4: Folders 15-26","Branch Family","\"Notes from Branchiana\" by James Branch Cabell from Christopher Branch","Box 4","Folder 15"],"title_filing_ssi":"\"Notes from Branchiana\" by James Branch Cabell from Christopher Branch","title_ssm":["\"Notes from Branchiana\" by James Branch Cabell from Christopher Branch"],"title_tesim":["\"Notes from Branchiana\" by James Branch Cabell from Christopher Branch"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1602-1681"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1602/1681"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"Notes from Branchiana\" by James Branch Cabell from Christopher Branch"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Lee Nicholson Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":84,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681],"containers_ssim":["Box 4","Folder 15"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#0/components#3","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:31:06.705Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8770","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8770.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Nicholson, Lee, Papers","title_ssm":["Lee Nicholson Papers"],"title_tesim":["Lee Nicholson Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1827-1938"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1827-1938"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 65 N59","/repositories/2/resources/8770"],"text":["Mss. 65 N59","/repositories/2/resources/8770","Lee Nicholson Papers","Virginia--History","Genealogy","Sussex County (Va.)--History","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","Notebooks","1294 items","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Papers, 1837-1938, of Lee Nicholson, a genealogist of Sussex County, Va. Includes correspondence, notes and charts concerning many Virginia families. Among them are the Batte family, Bolling family, Branch family, Briggs family, Chappell family, Heath family, Jones family, Land family, Mallory family, Mason family, Morton family, Neblett family, Nicholson family, Peebles family, Pegram family and Rives family.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 65 N59","/repositories/2/resources/8770"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lee Nicholson Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lee Nicholson Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Lee Nicholson Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--History"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--History"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Genealogy","Sussex County (Va.)--History","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","Notebooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Genealogy","Sussex County (Va.)--History","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","Notebooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1294 items"],"extent_ssm":["7.50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["7.50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","Notebooks"],"date_range_isim":[1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLee Nicholson Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Lee Nicholson Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers, 1837-1938, of Lee Nicholson, a genealogist of Sussex County, Va. Includes correspondence, notes and charts concerning many Virginia families. Among them are the Batte family, Bolling family, Branch family, Briggs family, Chappell family, Heath family, Jones family, Land family, Mallory family, Mason family, Morton family, Neblett family, Nicholson family, Peebles family, Pegram family and Rives family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers, 1837-1938, of Lee Nicholson, a genealogist of Sussex County, Va. Includes correspondence, notes and charts concerning many Virginia families. Among them are the Batte family, Bolling family, Branch family, Briggs family, Chappell family, Heath family, Jones family, Land family, Mallory family, Mason family, Morton family, Neblett family, Nicholson family, Peebles family, Pegram family and Rives family."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":486,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:31:06.705Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8770_c04_c01_c04"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_177_c04_c02_c17","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Notes, Instructions and Errand Lists","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_177_c04_c02_c17#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_177_c04_c02_c17","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_177_c04_c02_c17"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_177_c04_c02_c17","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_177","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_177","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_177_c04_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_177_c04_c02","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_177","viu_repositories_3_resources_177_c04","viu_repositories_3_resources_177_c04_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_177","viu_repositories_3_resources_177_c04","viu_repositories_3_resources_177_c04_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Jan Karon papers","Personal and Family Papers","Personal papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Jan Karon papers","Personal and Family Papers","Personal papers"],"text":["Jan Karon papers","Personal and Family Papers","Personal papers","Notes, Instructions and Errand Lists","box 86","folder 10"],"title_filing_ssi":"Notes, Instructions and Errand Lists","title_ssm":["Notes, Instructions and Errand Lists"],"title_tesim":["Notes, Instructions and Errand Lists"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1995, 2008-1026"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Notes, Instructions and Errand Lists"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Jan Karon papers"],"extent_ssm":["1 folder(s)"],"extent_tesim":["1 folder(s)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":593,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research use."],"date_range_isim":[1026,1027,1028,1029,1030,1031,1032,1033,1034,1035,1036,1037,1038,1039,1040,1041,1042,1043,1044,1045,1046,1047,1048,1049,1050,1051,1052,1053,1054,1055,1056,1057,1058,1059,1060,1061,1062,1063,1064,1065,1066,1067,1068,1069,1070,1071,1072,1073,1074,1075,1076,1077,1078,1079,1080,1081,1082,1083,1084,1085,1086,1087,1088,1089,1090,1091,1092,1093,1094,1095,1096,1097,1098,1099,1100,1101,1102,1103,1104,1105,1106,1107,1108,1109,1110,1111,1112,1113,1114,1115,1116,1117,1118,1119,1120,1121,1122,1123,1124,1125,1126,1127,1128,1129,1130,1131,1132,1133,1134,1135,1136,1137,1138,1139,1140,1141,1142,1143,1144,1145,1146,1147,1148,1149,1150,1151,1152,1153,1154,1155,1156,1157,1158,1159,1160,1161,1162,1163,1164,1165,1166,1167,1168,1169,1170,1171,1172,1173,1174,1175,1176,1177,1178,1179,1180,1181,1182,1183,1184,1185,1186,1187,1188,1189,1190,1191,1192,1193,1194,1195,1196,1197,1198,1199,1200,1201,1202,1203,1204,1205,1206,1207,1208,1209,1210,1211,1212,1213,1214,1215,1216,1217,1218,1219,1220,1221,1222,1223,1224,1225,1226,1227,1228,1229,1230,1231,1232,1233,1234,1235,1236,1237,1238,1239,1240,1241,1242,1243,1244,1245,1246,1247,1248,1249,1250,1251,1252,1253,1254,1255,1256,1257,1258,1259,1260,1261,1262,1263,1264,1265,1266,1267,1268,1269,1270,1271,1272,1273,1274,1275,1276,1277,1278,1279,1280,1281,1282,1283,1284,1285,1286,1287,1288,1289,1290,1291,1292,1293,1294,1295,1296,1297,1298,1299,1300,1301,1302,1303,1304,1305,1306,1307,1308,1309,1310,1311,1312,1313,1314,1315,1316,1317,1318,1319,1320,1321,1322,1323,1324,1325,1326,1327,1328,1329,1330,1331,1332,1333,1334,1335,1336,1337,1338,1339,1340,1341,1342,1343,1344,1345,1346,1347,1348,1349,1350,1351,1352,1353,1354,1355,1356,1357,1358,1359,1360,1361,1362,1363,1364,1365,1366,1367,1368,1369,1370,1371,1372,1373,1374,1375,1376,1377,1378,1379,1380,1381,1382,1383,1384,1385,1386,1387,1388,1389,1390,1391,1392,1393,1394,1395,1396,1397,1398,1399,1400,1401,1402,1403,1404,1405,1406,1407,1408,1409,1410,1411,1412,1413,1414,1415,1416,1417,1418,1419,1420,1421,1422,1423,1424,1425,1426,1427,1428,1429,1430,1431,1432,1433,1434,1435,1436,1437,1438,1439,1440,1441,1442,1443,1444,1445,1446,1447,1448,1449,1450,1451,1452,1453,1454,1455,1456,1457,1458,1459,1460,1461,1462,1463,1464,1465,1466,1467,1468,1469,1470,1471,1472,1473,1474,1475,1476,1477,1478,1479,1480,1481,1482,1483,1484,1485,1486,1487,1488,1489,1490,1491,1492,1493,1494,1495,1496,1497,1498,1499,1500,1501,1502,1503,1504,1505,1506,1507,1508,1509,1510,1511,1512,1513,1514,1515,1516,1517,1518,1519,1520,1521,1522,1523,1524,1525,1526,1527,1528,1529,1530,1531,1532,1533,1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"containers_ssim":["box 86","folder 10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#1/components#16","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:47:17.539Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_177","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_177","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_177","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_177","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_177.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/133789","title_filing_ssi":"Karon, Jan, papers","title_ssm":["Jan Karon papers"],"title_tesim":["Jan Karon papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1918-2018","1964-2018"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1964-2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1918-2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16077","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/177"],"text":["MSS 16077","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/177","Jan Karon papers","Esmont (Albemarle County, Va. : Dwelling)\t","Mitford (N.C. : Imaginary place)--Fiction","Authors and publishers","Novelists, American","Advertising","This collection is open for research use.","The Jan Karon papers are organized into eight series. Series I consists of manuscripts and book related material, including illustrations, book jackets and covers, reviews, editorial files, radio plays, stage plays, page proofs, and galleys (Boxes 1-26 and Oversize boxes 1, 3). Series II consists of reader mail from fans (Boxes 27-43). ","Series III contains the professional correspondence and papers of Jan Karon concerning the publication of her books, including files with publishers, arrangements and publicity for public appearances, press clippings, and interviews (Boxes 44-59, oversize folder 17 and oversize boxes 1 and 3). ","Series IV consists of personal and family papers and is further separated into two subseries,subseries A: personal and family correspondence (Boxes 59-83), including greeting cards and invitations, with frequent correspondents having an individual folder and subseries B: personal papers of Jan Karon, including calendar diaries, journals, personal notes, and related material (Boxes 84-86 and Oversize box 3). ","Series V includes materials relating to her advertising career, including the North Carolina tourism campaign (Boxes 87-90 and Oversize box 1).","Series VI contains topical files, including organizations, newsletters, travel files, Mitford general files, and research files Boxes 90-100).","Series VII consists of records about the purchase and restoration of her historic home \"Esmont\" in Ablemarle County, Virginia, including architectural drawings in Subseries A (Oversize folders 1-16 and Oversize boxes 2-3) and papers and photographs in Subseries B (Boxes 101-113). ","Series VIII comprises the last series and consists of artifacts, miscellany, audiovisual and born-digital material (Boxes 114-120). This series is arranged in four subseries: Subseries A: Artifacts, chiefly concerning the Second International Mitford Homecoming; Subseries B: Albums and Volumes;Subseries C: Books Influential in the Life of Jan Karon; and Subseries D: Audiovisual and Born Digital Material.","Jan Karon was born on March 14, 1937 in Lenoir, North Carolina, to Robert Cecil Wilson (1914-1977) and Wanda Lee Wilson (1921- ) and was named Janice Meredith after the title of a popular novel. She and her younger sister, Brenda, lived as children with her grandparents, Monroe Ivy Cloer and Fannie Bush Cloer, on their farm outside Hudson, North Carolina. Both sisters later moved to Charlotte, North Carolina to join their mother who had married Toby Setzer, the owner of a hosiery knitting business.  ","At fourteen, Karon married Robert Bryan Freeland (1932-1995) in Charlotte and had one daughter, Candace Rae Freeland, in 1952. Her advertising career began at the age of eighteen, at Walter J. Klein Company, one of the first advertising agencies in the region. ","Karon's marriage to Robert Freeland ended in divorce and in her early twenties, Karon married a Duke Power chemist, Bill Orth, and became active in the Charlotte Little Theater, the Mint Museum Drama Guild, and in local social and political issues. She was one of four white women who marched in an early civil rights protest, led by the Reverend Sydney Freeman, along Charlotte's North Tyron Street.","During the late sixties, she and Orth divorced. Karon then married Arthur Karon, a clothing salesman who moved the family to Berkeley, California, where they lived for three years.","After their marriage ended, Karon returned to Charlotte, North Carolina, and begun working again in advertising. Her dismissal from a Charlotte TV production company in 1982 precipitated what she called the 'proverbial dark night of the soul.' Karon returned to the faith taught her as a child by her grandmother. She began attending Charlotte's interdenominational Calvary Church, and worked as a free-lance copywriter until her move to Raleigh, North Carolina, in 1983, where she joined McKinney and Silver, an internationally renowned advertising firm. ","She became an award- winning creative vice-president at McKinney, working on cruise line and airline accounts. There she won, with art director Michael Winslow, the coveted Steven E. Kelly Award, the print advertising equivalent of the Academy Award. Semi-finalists included British Airways, Harley-Davidson, and Waterford Crystal.","Her daughter, Candace Freeland, pursued photojournalism, winning numerous awards with the  \"Miami Herald\" , the  \"Charlotte Observer\" , and a stint in Central America for the  \"U.S. News and World Report\" .","In order to pursue her dream of writing a novel, Karon left her advertising career and, at age fifty, bought a house in the small mountain town of Blowing Rock, North Carolina, where she supported  her dream with freelance advertising work.","Soon, she approached the editor of  \"The Blowing Rocket\"  with a couple of chapters featuring an Episcopal priest named Tim Kavanagh, which he urged her to run in  \"The Blowing Rocket\" . The ensuing two years of writing  the priest's story for  \"The Blowing Rocket\"  resulted in her first novel,   \"At Home in Mitford\" , published in paper by a small publishing house in the Midwest. Twenty years after its initial release in paper, the novel appeared in its 85th printing, in a new, 20th anniversary hardcover edition, from Penguin-Random House, the world's largest trade publisher.","The second and third Mitford novels,  \"A Light in the Window\"  and  \"These High Green Hills\" , were published by the same house, with limited marketing and distribution. Karon took the promotion of her books into her own hands, cold-selling them to bookstores and befriending bookstore owners. In Raleigh, bookseller Nancy Olson of Quail Ridge Books, was given a copy of  \"At Home in Mitford\"  by Mary Richardson, Karon's Raleigh neighbor and friend. Olson admired the work and in 1996 introduced Karon to literary agent Liz Darhansoff. Darhansoff showed the  Karon books to Carolyn Carlson at Penguin, and a long and fruitful relationship began. At this writing (2016), Karon has published twenty-two works of fiction and non-fiction,  with sales estimated at more than 40 million, not including foreign sales in nineteen countries. Karon is currently published by G.P. Putnam's Sons, an imprint of Penguin-Random House; her editor is Christine Pepe.","Jan Karon has won much recognition for her work. Among these are three nominations by the American Booksellers Association of  \"At Home in Mitford\"  for Best Book of the Year for three consecutive years (1996-1998) – a one-time-only occurrence in the Association's history to date.  ","In 2013,  \"Somewhere Safe with Somebody Good\" , which spent seventeen weeks on the New York Times bestseller list, was given the Library of Virginia's Best Fiction of the Year award. In 2015, Karon received The Library of Virginia's Lifetime Achievement Award. And in 2016,  \"Come Rain or Come Shine\"  debuting at #1 on the  \"New York Times\"  list, was the recipient of the 2016 Christy Award. A further recognition is the designation of Jan Karon as a lay Canon for the Arts in the Episcopal Diocese of Quincy.  For more information about honors and awards, see box 44 of this collection.","For more information about Jan Karon and her books, see the publicity – press files in boxes 55-56 of this collection, a long article in  \"The Charlotte Observer\" , August 14, 2005, her facebook page https://www.facebook.com/JanKaron/ and website http://www.mitfordbooks.com/ , as well as her Wikipedia entry: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Karon","There are two hard drives in this collection that are currently unavailable.","Please contact Special Collections via our online form, https://small.library.virginia.edu/services/reference-request/, to request access.  Please allow for a minimum of two weeks to process this request. ","The Jan Karon papers (66 cubic feet; 1918-2018) contain Mitford book typescripts and galleys; materials related to Ms. Karon's publishing career  and her relationship with her agent and publisher; letters and fan mail from readers, arranged by month and year only;   memorabilia; professional and personal correspondence; reviews and press publicity; research related to Karon's novels; files related to charitable organizations and boards; architectural drawings of Esmont Farm; files and journals related to the purchase, restoration, and running of historic Esmont Farm, Albemarle County, Virginia, by Karon; personal and family papers; files pertaining to Jan Karon's advertising career, particularly the North Carolina tourism campaign for McKinney and Silver; photographs; artifacts; audiovisual material; and born-digital material, including disks and hard drives.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Setzer family -- correspondence","Karon, Jan (Janice), 1937-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16077","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/177"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jan Karon papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jan Karon papers"],"collection_ssim":["Jan Karon papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Esmont (Albemarle County, Va. : Dwelling)\t"],"geogname_ssim":["Esmont (Albemarle County, Va. : Dwelling)\t"],"creator_ssm":["Karon, Jan (Janice), 1937-"],"creator_ssim":["Karon, Jan (Janice), 1937-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Karon, Jan (Janice), 1937-"],"creators_ssim":["Karon, Jan (Janice), 1937-"],"places_ssim":["Esmont (Albemarle County, Va. : Dwelling)\t"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Jan Karon papers were given to the University of Virginia Library on October 2, 2014, by Jan Karon."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Mitford (N.C. : Imaginary place)--Fiction","Authors and publishers","Novelists, American","Advertising"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Mitford (N.C. : Imaginary place)--Fiction","Authors and publishers","Novelists, American","Advertising"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["66 Cubic Feet 120 legal document boxes, 3 oversize boxes, 17 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["66 Cubic Feet 120 legal document boxes, 3 oversize boxes, 17 oversize folders"],"physfacet_tesim":["17 audio cassettes, 26 videocassettes, 46 disks, and 2 hard drives."],"date_range_isim":[1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Jan Karon papers are organized into eight series. Series I consists of manuscripts and book related material, including illustrations, book jackets and covers, reviews, editorial files, radio plays, stage plays, page proofs, and galleys (Boxes 1-26 and Oversize boxes 1, 3). Series II consists of reader mail from fans (Boxes 27-43). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III contains the professional correspondence and papers of Jan Karon concerning the publication of her books, including files with publishers, arrangements and publicity for public appearances, press clippings, and interviews (Boxes 44-59, oversize folder 17 and oversize boxes 1 and 3). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV consists of personal and family papers and is further separated into two subseries,subseries A: personal and family correspondence (Boxes 59-83), including greeting cards and invitations, with frequent correspondents having an individual folder and subseries B: personal papers of Jan Karon, including calendar diaries, journals, personal notes, and related material (Boxes 84-86 and Oversize box 3). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V includes materials relating to her advertising career, including the North Carolina tourism campaign (Boxes 87-90 and Oversize box 1).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI contains topical files, including organizations, newsletters, travel files, Mitford general files, and research files Boxes 90-100).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII consists of records about the purchase and restoration of her historic home \"Esmont\" in Ablemarle County, Virginia, including architectural drawings in Subseries A (Oversize folders 1-16 and Oversize boxes 2-3) and papers and photographs in Subseries B (Boxes 101-113). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII comprises the last series and consists of artifacts, miscellany, audiovisual and born-digital material (Boxes 114-120). This series is arranged in four subseries: Subseries A: Artifacts, chiefly concerning the Second International Mitford Homecoming; Subseries B: Albums and Volumes;Subseries C: Books Influential in the Life of Jan Karon; and Subseries D: Audiovisual and Born Digital Material.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Jan Karon papers are organized into eight series. Series I consists of manuscripts and book related material, including illustrations, book jackets and covers, reviews, editorial files, radio plays, stage plays, page proofs, and galleys (Boxes 1-26 and Oversize boxes 1, 3). Series II consists of reader mail from fans (Boxes 27-43). ","Series III contains the professional correspondence and papers of Jan Karon concerning the publication of her books, including files with publishers, arrangements and publicity for public appearances, press clippings, and interviews (Boxes 44-59, oversize folder 17 and oversize boxes 1 and 3). ","Series IV consists of personal and family papers and is further separated into two subseries,subseries A: personal and family correspondence (Boxes 59-83), including greeting cards and invitations, with frequent correspondents having an individual folder and subseries B: personal papers of Jan Karon, including calendar diaries, journals, personal notes, and related material (Boxes 84-86 and Oversize box 3). ","Series V includes materials relating to her advertising career, including the North Carolina tourism campaign (Boxes 87-90 and Oversize box 1).","Series VI contains topical files, including organizations, newsletters, travel files, Mitford general files, and research files Boxes 90-100).","Series VII consists of records about the purchase and restoration of her historic home \"Esmont\" in Ablemarle County, Virginia, including architectural drawings in Subseries A (Oversize folders 1-16 and Oversize boxes 2-3) and papers and photographs in Subseries B (Boxes 101-113). ","Series VIII comprises the last series and consists of artifacts, miscellany, audiovisual and born-digital material (Boxes 114-120). This series is arranged in four subseries: Subseries A: Artifacts, chiefly concerning the Second International Mitford Homecoming; Subseries B: Albums and Volumes;Subseries C: Books Influential in the Life of Jan Karon; and Subseries D: Audiovisual and Born Digital Material."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJan Karon was born on March 14, 1937 in Lenoir, North Carolina, to Robert Cecil Wilson (1914-1977) and Wanda Lee Wilson (1921- ) and was named Janice Meredith after the title of a popular novel. She and her younger sister, Brenda, lived as children with her grandparents, Monroe Ivy Cloer and Fannie Bush Cloer, on their farm outside Hudson, North Carolina. Both sisters later moved to Charlotte, North Carolina to join their mother who had married Toby Setzer, the owner of a hosiery knitting business.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAt fourteen, Karon married Robert Bryan Freeland (1932-1995) in Charlotte and had one daughter, Candace Rae Freeland, in 1952. Her advertising career began at the age of eighteen, at Walter J. Klein Company, one of the first advertising agencies in the region. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKaron's marriage to Robert Freeland ended in divorce and in her early twenties, Karon married a Duke Power chemist, Bill Orth, and became active in the Charlotte Little Theater, the Mint Museum Drama Guild, and in local social and political issues. She was one of four white women who marched in an early civil rights protest, led by the Reverend Sydney Freeman, along Charlotte's North Tyron Street.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the late sixties, she and Orth divorced. Karon then married Arthur Karon, a clothing salesman who moved the family to Berkeley, California, where they lived for three years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter their marriage ended, Karon returned to Charlotte, North Carolina, and begun working again in advertising. Her dismissal from a Charlotte TV production company in 1982 precipitated what she called the 'proverbial dark night of the soul.' Karon returned to the faith taught her as a child by her grandmother. She began attending Charlotte's interdenominational Calvary Church, and worked as a free-lance copywriter until her move to Raleigh, North Carolina, in 1983, where she joined McKinney and Silver, an internationally renowned advertising firm. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShe became an award- winning creative vice-president at McKinney, working on cruise line and airline accounts. There she won, with art director Michael Winslow, the coveted Steven E. Kelly Award, the print advertising equivalent of the Academy Award. Semi-finalists included British Airways, Harley-Davidson, and Waterford Crystal.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer daughter, Candace Freeland, pursued photojournalism, winning numerous awards with the \u003ctitle\u003e\"Miami Herald\"\u003c/title\u003e, the \u003ctitle\u003e\"Charlotte Observer\"\u003c/title\u003e, and a stint in Central America for the \u003ctitle\u003e\"U.S. News and World Report\"\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn order to pursue her dream of writing a novel, Karon left her advertising career and, at age fifty, bought a house in the small mountain town of Blowing Rock, North Carolina, where she supported  her dream with freelance advertising work.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSoon, she approached the editor of \u003ctitle\u003e\"The Blowing Rocket\"\u003c/title\u003e with a couple of chapters featuring an Episcopal priest named Tim Kavanagh, which he urged her to run in \u003ctitle\u003e\"The Blowing Rocket\"\u003c/title\u003e. The ensuing two years of writing  the priest's story for \u003ctitle\u003e\"The Blowing Rocket\"\u003c/title\u003e resulted in her first novel,  \u003ctitle\u003e\"At Home in Mitford\"\u003c/title\u003e, published in paper by a small publishing house in the Midwest. Twenty years after its initial release in paper, the novel appeared in its 85th printing, in a new, 20th anniversary hardcover edition, from Penguin-Random House, the world's largest trade publisher.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe second and third Mitford novels, \u003ctitle\u003e\"A Light in the Window\"\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle\u003e\"These High Green Hills\"\u003c/title\u003e, were published by the same house, with limited marketing and distribution. Karon took the promotion of her books into her own hands, cold-selling them to bookstores and befriending bookstore owners. In Raleigh, bookseller Nancy Olson of Quail Ridge Books, was given a copy of \u003ctitle\u003e\"At Home in Mitford\"\u003c/title\u003e by Mary Richardson, Karon's Raleigh neighbor and friend. Olson admired the work and in 1996 introduced Karon to literary agent Liz Darhansoff. Darhansoff showed the  Karon books to Carolyn Carlson at Penguin, and a long and fruitful relationship began. At this writing (2016), Karon has published twenty-two works of fiction and non-fiction,  with sales estimated at more than 40 million, not including foreign sales in nineteen countries. Karon is currently published by G.P. Putnam's Sons, an imprint of Penguin-Random House; her editor is Christine Pepe.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJan Karon has won much recognition for her work. Among these are three nominations by the American Booksellers Association of \u003ctitle\u003e\"At Home in Mitford\"\u003c/title\u003e for Best Book of the Year for three consecutive years (1996-1998) – a one-time-only occurrence in the Association's history to date.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 2013, \u003ctitle\u003e\"Somewhere Safe with Somebody Good\"\u003c/title\u003e, which spent seventeen weeks on the New York Times bestseller list, was given the Library of Virginia's Best Fiction of the Year award. In 2015, Karon received The Library of Virginia's Lifetime Achievement Award. And in 2016, \u003ctitle\u003e\"Come Rain or Come Shine\"\u003c/title\u003e debuting at #1 on the \u003ctitle\u003e\"New York Times\"\u003c/title\u003e list, was the recipient of the 2016 Christy Award. A further recognition is the designation of Jan Karon as a lay Canon for the Arts in the Episcopal Diocese of Quincy.  For more information about honors and awards, see box 44 of this collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information about Jan Karon and her books, see the publicity – press files in boxes 55-56 of this collection, a long article in \u003ctitle\u003e\"The Charlotte Observer\"\u003c/title\u003e, August 14, 2005, her facebook page https://www.facebook.com/JanKaron/ and website http://www.mitfordbooks.com/ , as well as her Wikipedia entry: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Karon\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Jan Karon was born on March 14, 1937 in Lenoir, North Carolina, to Robert Cecil Wilson (1914-1977) and Wanda Lee Wilson (1921- ) and was named Janice Meredith after the title of a popular novel. She and her younger sister, Brenda, lived as children with her grandparents, Monroe Ivy Cloer and Fannie Bush Cloer, on their farm outside Hudson, North Carolina. Both sisters later moved to Charlotte, North Carolina to join their mother who had married Toby Setzer, the owner of a hosiery knitting business.  ","At fourteen, Karon married Robert Bryan Freeland (1932-1995) in Charlotte and had one daughter, Candace Rae Freeland, in 1952. Her advertising career began at the age of eighteen, at Walter J. Klein Company, one of the first advertising agencies in the region. ","Karon's marriage to Robert Freeland ended in divorce and in her early twenties, Karon married a Duke Power chemist, Bill Orth, and became active in the Charlotte Little Theater, the Mint Museum Drama Guild, and in local social and political issues. She was one of four white women who marched in an early civil rights protest, led by the Reverend Sydney Freeman, along Charlotte's North Tyron Street.","During the late sixties, she and Orth divorced. Karon then married Arthur Karon, a clothing salesman who moved the family to Berkeley, California, where they lived for three years.","After their marriage ended, Karon returned to Charlotte, North Carolina, and begun working again in advertising. Her dismissal from a Charlotte TV production company in 1982 precipitated what she called the 'proverbial dark night of the soul.' Karon returned to the faith taught her as a child by her grandmother. She began attending Charlotte's interdenominational Calvary Church, and worked as a free-lance copywriter until her move to Raleigh, North Carolina, in 1983, where she joined McKinney and Silver, an internationally renowned advertising firm. ","She became an award- winning creative vice-president at McKinney, working on cruise line and airline accounts. There she won, with art director Michael Winslow, the coveted Steven E. Kelly Award, the print advertising equivalent of the Academy Award. Semi-finalists included British Airways, Harley-Davidson, and Waterford Crystal.","Her daughter, Candace Freeland, pursued photojournalism, winning numerous awards with the  \"Miami Herald\" , the  \"Charlotte Observer\" , and a stint in Central America for the  \"U.S. News and World Report\" .","In order to pursue her dream of writing a novel, Karon left her advertising career and, at age fifty, bought a house in the small mountain town of Blowing Rock, North Carolina, where she supported  her dream with freelance advertising work.","Soon, she approached the editor of  \"The Blowing Rocket\"  with a couple of chapters featuring an Episcopal priest named Tim Kavanagh, which he urged her to run in  \"The Blowing Rocket\" . The ensuing two years of writing  the priest's story for  \"The Blowing Rocket\"  resulted in her first novel,   \"At Home in Mitford\" , published in paper by a small publishing house in the Midwest. Twenty years after its initial release in paper, the novel appeared in its 85th printing, in a new, 20th anniversary hardcover edition, from Penguin-Random House, the world's largest trade publisher.","The second and third Mitford novels,  \"A Light in the Window\"  and  \"These High Green Hills\" , were published by the same house, with limited marketing and distribution. Karon took the promotion of her books into her own hands, cold-selling them to bookstores and befriending bookstore owners. In Raleigh, bookseller Nancy Olson of Quail Ridge Books, was given a copy of  \"At Home in Mitford\"  by Mary Richardson, Karon's Raleigh neighbor and friend. Olson admired the work and in 1996 introduced Karon to literary agent Liz Darhansoff. Darhansoff showed the  Karon books to Carolyn Carlson at Penguin, and a long and fruitful relationship began. At this writing (2016), Karon has published twenty-two works of fiction and non-fiction,  with sales estimated at more than 40 million, not including foreign sales in nineteen countries. Karon is currently published by G.P. Putnam's Sons, an imprint of Penguin-Random House; her editor is Christine Pepe.","Jan Karon has won much recognition for her work. Among these are three nominations by the American Booksellers Association of  \"At Home in Mitford\"  for Best Book of the Year for three consecutive years (1996-1998) – a one-time-only occurrence in the Association's history to date.  ","In 2013,  \"Somewhere Safe with Somebody Good\" , which spent seventeen weeks on the New York Times bestseller list, was given the Library of Virginia's Best Fiction of the Year award. In 2015, Karon received The Library of Virginia's Lifetime Achievement Award. And in 2016,  \"Come Rain or Come Shine\"  debuting at #1 on the  \"New York Times\"  list, was the recipient of the 2016 Christy Award. A further recognition is the designation of Jan Karon as a lay Canon for the Arts in the Episcopal Diocese of Quincy.  For more information about honors and awards, see box 44 of this collection.","For more information about Jan Karon and her books, see the publicity – press files in boxes 55-56 of this collection, a long article in  \"The Charlotte Observer\" , August 14, 2005, her facebook page https://www.facebook.com/JanKaron/ and website http://www.mitfordbooks.com/ , as well as her Wikipedia entry: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Karon"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are two hard drives in this collection that are currently unavailable.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections via our online form, https://small.library.virginia.edu/services/reference-request/, to request access.  Please allow for a minimum of two weeks to process this request. \u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["There are two hard drives in this collection that are currently unavailable.","Please contact Special Collections via our online form, https://small.library.virginia.edu/services/reference-request/, to request access.  Please allow for a minimum of two weeks to process this request. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16077 Jan Karon papers, box #, folder #, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16077 Jan Karon papers, box #, folder #, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Jan Karon papers (66 cubic feet; 1918-2018) contain Mitford book typescripts and galleys; materials related to Ms. Karon's publishing career  and her relationship with her agent and publisher; letters and fan mail from readers, arranged by month and year only;   memorabilia; professional and personal correspondence; reviews and press publicity; research related to Karon's novels; files related to charitable organizations and boards; architectural drawings of Esmont Farm; files and journals related to the purchase, restoration, and running of historic Esmont Farm, Albemarle County, Virginia, by Karon; personal and family papers; files pertaining to Jan Karon's advertising career, particularly the North Carolina tourism campaign for McKinney and Silver; photographs; artifacts; audiovisual material; and born-digital material, including disks and hard drives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents Note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Jan Karon papers (66 cubic feet; 1918-2018) contain Mitford book typescripts and galleys; materials related to Ms. Karon's publishing career  and her relationship with her agent and publisher; letters and fan mail from readers, arranged by month and year only;   memorabilia; professional and personal correspondence; reviews and press publicity; research related to Karon's novels; files related to charitable organizations and boards; architectural drawings of Esmont Farm; files and journals related to the purchase, restoration, and running of historic Esmont Farm, Albemarle County, Virginia, by Karon; personal and family papers; files pertaining to Jan Karon's advertising career, particularly the North Carolina tourism campaign for McKinney and Silver; photographs; artifacts; audiovisual material; and born-digital material, including disks and hard drives."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Setzer family -- correspondence","Karon, Jan (Janice), 1937-"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Setzer family -- correspondence"],"famname_ssim":["Setzer family -- correspondence"],"persname_ssim":["Karon, Jan (Janice), 1937-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1248,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:47:17.539Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_177_c04_c02_c17"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_79","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Paul Stevens map collection","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_79#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains 26 maps of the New World, dating 1541-1778, which illustrate the progression of European geographic knowledge about Virginia and North America from the 16th through the 18th centuries\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_79#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_79","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_79","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_79","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_79","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_79.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Paul Stevens map collection","title_ssm":["Paul Stevens map collection"],"title_tesim":["Paul Stevens map collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1541-1778"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1541-1778"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2020.SC.024","/repositories/3/resources/79"],"text":["2020.SC.024","/repositories/3/resources/79","Paul Stevens map collection","Maps (documents)","Nautical charts","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","Arranged alphabetically and filed according to size.","Paul Schott Stevens donated the collection of maps to the Washington Library in 2020.","The collection contains 26 maps of the New World, dating 1541-1778, which illustrate the progression of European geographic knowledge about Virginia and North America from the 16th through the 18th centuries","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Cóvens et Mortier","Poupard, James","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Sayer, Robert, 1725-1794","Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d', 1697-1782","Robert de Vaugondy, Didier, 1723-1786","Kitchin, Thomas, 1718-1784","Browne, Christopher, active 1684-1712","White, John, active 1585-1593","Bry, Theodor de, 1528-1598","Harriot, Thomas, 1560-1621","Ortelius, Abraham, 1527-1598","Le Rouge, Georges-Louis","Smith, Anthony, pilot of St. Marys","Sartine, Antoine de, comte d'Alby, 1729-1801","L'Isle, Guillaume de, 1675-1726","Buache, Philippe, 1700-1773","Robert de Vaugondy, Gilles, 1688-1766","Fry, Joshua, approximately 1700-1754","Jefferson, Peter, 1708-1757","Drake, Francis, approximately 1540-1596","Moll, Herman, -1732","Laet, Joannes de, 1581-1649","Salmon, Thomas, 1679-1767","Hondius, Jodocus, 1563-1612","Gryp, Dirck","Blaeu, Willem Janszoon, 1571-1638","Fries, Lorenz, approximately 1490-1531","Smith, John, 1580-1631","Briggs, Henry, 1561-1630","Elstracke, Renold, active 1590-1630","Hall, Ralph, active 1637","Hole, William, -1624","English \n,        French \n,        German \n,        Latin \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["2020.SC.024","/repositories/3/resources/79"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Paul Stevens map collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Paul Stevens map collection"],"collection_ssim":["Paul Stevens map collection"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps (documents)","Nautical charts"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps (documents)","Nautical charts"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["26 Sheets"],"extent_tesim":["26 Sheets"],"genreform_ssim":["Maps (documents)","Nautical charts"],"date_range_isim":[1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically and filed according to size.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged alphabetically and filed according to size."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePaul Schott Stevens donated the collection of maps to the Washington Library in 2020.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Paul Schott Stevens donated the collection of maps to the Washington Library in 2020."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Paul Stevens collection of Maps, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon,\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Paul Stevens collection of Maps, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon,"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains 26 maps of the New World, dating 1541-1778, which illustrate the progression of European geographic knowledge about Virginia and North America from the 16th through the 18th centuries\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains 26 maps of the New World, dating 1541-1778, which illustrate the progression of European geographic knowledge about Virginia and North America from the 16th through the 18th centuries"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Cóvens et Mortier","Poupard, James","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Sayer, Robert, 1725-1794","Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d', 1697-1782","Robert de Vaugondy, Didier, 1723-1786","Kitchin, Thomas, 1718-1784","Browne, Christopher, active 1684-1712","White, John, active 1585-1593","Bry, Theodor de, 1528-1598","Harriot, Thomas, 1560-1621","Ortelius, Abraham, 1527-1598","Le Rouge, Georges-Louis","Smith, Anthony, pilot of St. Marys","Sartine, Antoine de, comte d'Alby, 1729-1801","L'Isle, Guillaume de, 1675-1726","Buache, Philippe, 1700-1773","Robert de Vaugondy, Gilles, 1688-1766","Fry, Joshua, approximately 1700-1754","Jefferson, Peter, 1708-1757","Drake, Francis, approximately 1540-1596","Moll, Herman, -1732","Laet, Joannes de, 1581-1649","Salmon, Thomas, 1679-1767","Hondius, Jodocus, 1563-1612","Gryp, Dirck","Blaeu, Willem Janszoon, 1571-1638","Fries, Lorenz, approximately 1490-1531","Smith, John, 1580-1631","Briggs, Henry, 1561-1630","Elstracke, Renold, active 1590-1630","Hall, Ralph, active 1637","Hole, William, -1624"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Cóvens et Mortier"],"persname_ssim":["Poupard, James","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Sayer, Robert, 1725-1794","Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d', 1697-1782","Robert de Vaugondy, Didier, 1723-1786","Kitchin, Thomas, 1718-1784","Browne, Christopher, active 1684-1712","White, John, active 1585-1593","Bry, Theodor de, 1528-1598","Harriot, Thomas, 1560-1621","Ortelius, Abraham, 1527-1598","Le Rouge, Georges-Louis","Smith, Anthony, pilot of St. Marys","Sartine, Antoine de, comte d'Alby, 1729-1801","L'Isle, Guillaume de, 1675-1726","Buache, Philippe, 1700-1773","Robert de Vaugondy, Gilles, 1688-1766","Fry, Joshua, approximately 1700-1754","Jefferson, Peter, 1708-1757","Drake, Francis, approximately 1540-1596","Moll, Herman, -1732","Laet, Joannes de, 1581-1649","Salmon, Thomas, 1679-1767","Hondius, Jodocus, 1563-1612","Gryp, Dirck","Blaeu, Willem Janszoon, 1571-1638","Fries, Lorenz, approximately 1490-1531","Smith, John, 1580-1631","Briggs, Henry, 1561-1630","Elstracke, Renold, active 1590-1630","Hall, Ralph, active 1637","Hole, William, -1624"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        French \n,        German \n,        Latin \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":25,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:43:08.918Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_79","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_79","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_79","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_79","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_79.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Paul Stevens map collection","title_ssm":["Paul Stevens map collection"],"title_tesim":["Paul Stevens map collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1541-1778"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1541-1778"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2020.SC.024","/repositories/3/resources/79"],"text":["2020.SC.024","/repositories/3/resources/79","Paul Stevens map collection","Maps (documents)","Nautical charts","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","Arranged alphabetically and filed according to size.","Paul Schott Stevens donated the collection of maps to the Washington Library in 2020.","The collection contains 26 maps of the New World, dating 1541-1778, which illustrate the progression of European geographic knowledge about Virginia and North America from the 16th through the 18th centuries","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Cóvens et Mortier","Poupard, James","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Sayer, Robert, 1725-1794","Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d', 1697-1782","Robert de Vaugondy, Didier, 1723-1786","Kitchin, Thomas, 1718-1784","Browne, Christopher, active 1684-1712","White, John, active 1585-1593","Bry, Theodor de, 1528-1598","Harriot, Thomas, 1560-1621","Ortelius, Abraham, 1527-1598","Le Rouge, Georges-Louis","Smith, Anthony, pilot of St. Marys","Sartine, Antoine de, comte d'Alby, 1729-1801","L'Isle, Guillaume de, 1675-1726","Buache, Philippe, 1700-1773","Robert de Vaugondy, Gilles, 1688-1766","Fry, Joshua, approximately 1700-1754","Jefferson, Peter, 1708-1757","Drake, Francis, approximately 1540-1596","Moll, Herman, -1732","Laet, Joannes de, 1581-1649","Salmon, Thomas, 1679-1767","Hondius, Jodocus, 1563-1612","Gryp, Dirck","Blaeu, Willem Janszoon, 1571-1638","Fries, Lorenz, approximately 1490-1531","Smith, John, 1580-1631","Briggs, Henry, 1561-1630","Elstracke, Renold, active 1590-1630","Hall, Ralph, active 1637","Hole, William, -1624","English \n,        French \n,        German \n,        Latin \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["2020.SC.024","/repositories/3/resources/79"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Paul Stevens map collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Paul Stevens map collection"],"collection_ssim":["Paul Stevens map collection"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps (documents)","Nautical charts"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps (documents)","Nautical charts"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["26 Sheets"],"extent_tesim":["26 Sheets"],"genreform_ssim":["Maps (documents)","Nautical charts"],"date_range_isim":[1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically and filed according to size.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged alphabetically and filed according to size."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePaul Schott Stevens donated the collection of maps to the Washington Library in 2020.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Paul Schott Stevens donated the collection of maps to the Washington Library in 2020."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Paul Stevens collection of Maps, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon,\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Paul Stevens collection of Maps, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon,"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains 26 maps of the New World, dating 1541-1778, which illustrate the progression of European geographic knowledge about Virginia and North America from the 16th through the 18th centuries\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains 26 maps of the New World, dating 1541-1778, which illustrate the progression of European geographic knowledge about Virginia and North America from the 16th through the 18th centuries"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Cóvens et Mortier","Poupard, James","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Sayer, Robert, 1725-1794","Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d', 1697-1782","Robert de Vaugondy, Didier, 1723-1786","Kitchin, Thomas, 1718-1784","Browne, Christopher, active 1684-1712","White, John, active 1585-1593","Bry, Theodor de, 1528-1598","Harriot, Thomas, 1560-1621","Ortelius, Abraham, 1527-1598","Le Rouge, Georges-Louis","Smith, Anthony, pilot of St. Marys","Sartine, Antoine de, comte d'Alby, 1729-1801","L'Isle, Guillaume de, 1675-1726","Buache, Philippe, 1700-1773","Robert de Vaugondy, Gilles, 1688-1766","Fry, Joshua, approximately 1700-1754","Jefferson, Peter, 1708-1757","Drake, Francis, approximately 1540-1596","Moll, Herman, -1732","Laet, Joannes de, 1581-1649","Salmon, Thomas, 1679-1767","Hondius, Jodocus, 1563-1612","Gryp, Dirck","Blaeu, Willem Janszoon, 1571-1638","Fries, Lorenz, approximately 1490-1531","Smith, John, 1580-1631","Briggs, Henry, 1561-1630","Elstracke, Renold, active 1590-1630","Hall, Ralph, active 1637","Hole, William, -1624"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Cóvens et Mortier"],"persname_ssim":["Poupard, James","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Sayer, Robert, 1725-1794","Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d', 1697-1782","Robert de Vaugondy, Didier, 1723-1786","Kitchin, Thomas, 1718-1784","Browne, Christopher, active 1684-1712","White, John, active 1585-1593","Bry, Theodor de, 1528-1598","Harriot, Thomas, 1560-1621","Ortelius, Abraham, 1527-1598","Le Rouge, Georges-Louis","Smith, Anthony, pilot of St. Marys","Sartine, Antoine de, comte d'Alby, 1729-1801","L'Isle, Guillaume de, 1675-1726","Buache, Philippe, 1700-1773","Robert de Vaugondy, Gilles, 1688-1766","Fry, Joshua, approximately 1700-1754","Jefferson, Peter, 1708-1757","Drake, Francis, approximately 1540-1596","Moll, Herman, -1732","Laet, Joannes de, 1581-1649","Salmon, Thomas, 1679-1767","Hondius, Jodocus, 1563-1612","Gryp, Dirck","Blaeu, Willem Janszoon, 1571-1638","Fries, Lorenz, approximately 1490-1531","Smith, John, 1580-1631","Briggs, Henry, 1561-1630","Elstracke, Renold, active 1590-1630","Hall, Ralph, active 1637","Hole, William, -1624"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        French \n,        German \n,        Latin \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":25,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:43:08.918Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_79"}},{"id":"vifgm_performingartsmanuscripts","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Performing arts manuscripts collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_performingartsmanuscripts#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Gerber, Steven K.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_performingartsmanuscripts#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Collection consists of photographic prints, lithographs, drawings, and written manuscripts pertaining to significant musicians, composers, dancers, and their works.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_performingartsmanuscripts#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_performingartsmanuscripts","ead_ssi":"vifgm_performingartsmanuscripts","_root_":"vifgm_performingartsmanuscripts","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_performingartsmanuscripts","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/performingartsmanuscripts.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://scrc.gmu.edu/finding_aids/performingartsmanuscripts.html","title_ssm":["Performing arts manuscripts collection"],"title_tesim":["Performing arts manuscripts collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1475-1984"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1475-1984"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0215"],"text":["C0215","Performing arts manuscripts collection","Ballet--Pictorial works.","Costume design.","Dance","Hitler Youth--Photographs.","Minstrel shows","Music.","No","Opera.","Performing arts.","Sheet music.","Stage guides","Theater.","Tom and Jerry (Television program)","Lithographs.","Etchings. ","Photographic prints.","There are no access restrictions.","The collection is arranged in three series. Each series is arranged chronologically by order of acquisition.","Series 1: Graphic Materials, 1610-1940 (Boxes 1-4)","Series 2: Manuscripts, circa 1475-1929 (Boxes 1, 3)","Series 3: Photographs, 1900-1984 (Boxes 1-3)","The Performing arts manuscripts collection consists of items selected by Steven Gerber, the Music, Theater, and Philosophy Librarian at George Mason University (GMU). In addition to his librarian duties, Gerber teaches courses on music research and bibliography at GMU. He developed this collection to serve as a resource for his courses and to provide research access for GMU performing arts faculty and students.","Processed by Jordan Patty in 2012. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in 2013. Collection reprocessed and finding aid revised by Lana Mason in January 2019.","Special Collections Research Center holds published materials related to music and the performing arts which can be found through the George Mason University library catalog. Special Collections Research Center also holds many other ","This collection consists of photographic prints, lithographs, and drawings of significant musicians, composers, and dancers. The photographs depict portraits and images of professional performing artists at work. The drawings and lithographs are primarily portraits of notable performing arts professionals, or feature subject matter related to the performing arts, including costume design and scenes from various stage sets and performances. The collection also contains several manuscripts, including a folio of musical instruments, a stage guide and score for the musical \"My Maryland,\" and hand-written sheet music.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from Performing arts manuscripts collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","Collection consists of photographic prints, lithographs, drawings, and written manuscripts pertaining to significant musicians, composers, dancers, and their works.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Germania Musical Society. -- Pictorial works","Ballet Russe de Monte-Carlo.","Ballets russes.","Gerber, Steven K.","Ailey, Alvin -- Photographs","Arne, Thomas Augustine, 1710-1778  -- Pictorial works","Balanchine, George -- Photographs","Basili, Francesco, 1767-1850","Bernstein, Leonard, 1918-1990  -- Photographs","Bolm, Adolf , 1884-1951  -- Photographs","Cage, John -- Photographs","Cherubini, Luigi, 1760-1842  -- Pictorial works","Danilova, Alexandra, 1907-1997","Dello Joio, Norman, 1913-2008 -- Photographs","Didelot, Rose Colinette -- Pictorial works","Duncan, Isadora, 1877-1927 -- Photographs","Eglevsky, Andre -- Photographs","Fuller, Loie, 1862-1928  -- Photographs","Graham, Martha -- Photographs","Griffith, Robert E. -- Photographs","Kabalevsky, Dmitry Borisovich, 1904-1987  -- Photographs","Kodaly, Zoltan, 1882-1967 -- Photographs","Laurents, Arthur -- Photographs","Lifar, Serge, 1905-1986 -- Photographs","Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945","Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912","Mitchell, Arthur, 1934-  -- Photographs","Mumma, Gordon, 1935-  -- Photographs","Novikoff, Laurent -- Photographs","Partch, Harry, 1901-1974  -- Photographs","Pavlova, Anna, 1881-1931 -- Pictorial works","Prince, Harold, 1928-  -- Photographs","Ram Gopal, 1917- -- Photographs","Robbins, Jerome -- Photographs","Romberg, Sigmund, 1887-1951","Rossini, Gioachino, 1792-1868","Sandburg, Carl, 1878-1967  -- Photographs","Sondheim, Stephen -- Photographs","Tudor, David, 1926-1996  -- Photographs","Viardot-Garcia, Pauline, 1821-1910","Primarily English. Some materials are in Latin, French, or Italian.\n            \t"],"unitid_tesim":["C0215"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Performing arts manuscripts collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Performing arts manuscripts collection"],"collection_ssim":["Performing arts manuscripts collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Gerber, Steven K."],"creator_ssim":["Gerber, Steven K."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gerber, Steven K."],"creators_ssim":["Gerber, Steven K."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from Performing arts manuscripts collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection materials were purchased from a variety of rare book and manuscript dealers from 2009 through the present."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ballet--Pictorial works.","Costume design.","Dance","Hitler Youth--Photographs.","Minstrel shows","Music.","No","Opera.","Performing arts.","Sheet music.","Stage guides","Theater.","Tom and Jerry (Television program)","Lithographs.","Etchings. ","Photographic prints."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ballet--Pictorial works.","Costume design.","Dance","Hitler Youth--Photographs.","Minstrel shows","Music.","No","Opera.","Performing arts.","Sheet music.","Stage guides","Theater.","Tom and Jerry (Television program)","Lithographs.","Etchings. ","Photographic prints."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.0 linear feet (4 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["4.0 linear feet (4 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1475,1476,1477,1478,1479,1480,1481,1482,1483,1484,1485,1486,1487,1488,1489,1490,1491,1492,1493,1494,1495,1496,1497,1498,1499,1500,1501,1502,1503,1504,1505,1506,1507,1508,1509,1510,1511,1512,1513,1514,1515,1516,1517,1518,1519,1520,1521,1522,1523,1524,1525,1526,1527,1528,1529,1530,1531,1532,1533,1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in three series. Each series is arranged chronologically by order of acquisition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Graphic Materials, 1610-1940 (Boxes 1-4)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Manuscripts, circa 1475-1929 (Boxes 1, 3)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Photographs, 1900-1984 (Boxes 1-3)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in three series. Each series is arranged chronologically by order of acquisition.","Series 1: Graphic Materials, 1610-1940 (Boxes 1-4)","Series 2: Manuscripts, circa 1475-1929 (Boxes 1, 3)","Series 3: Photographs, 1900-1984 (Boxes 1-3)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Performing arts manuscripts collection consists of items selected by Steven Gerber, the Music, Theater, and Philosophy Librarian at George Mason University (GMU). In addition to his librarian duties, Gerber teaches courses on music research and bibliography at GMU. He developed this collection to serve as a resource for his courses and to provide research access for GMU performing arts faculty and students.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Performing arts manuscripts collection consists of items selected by Steven Gerber, the Music, Theater, and Philosophy Librarian at George Mason University (GMU). In addition to his librarian duties, Gerber teaches courses on music research and bibliography at GMU. He developed this collection to serve as a resource for his courses and to provide research access for GMU performing arts faculty and students."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePerforming arts manuscripts collection, C0215, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Performing arts manuscripts collection, C0215, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Jordan Patty in 2012. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in 2013. Collection reprocessed and finding aid revised by Lana Mason in January 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Jordan Patty in 2012. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in 2013. Collection reprocessed and finding aid revised by Lana Mason in January 2019."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center holds published materials related to music and the performing arts which can be found through the George Mason University library catalog. Special Collections Research Center also holds many other \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"performing arts collections.\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://scrc.gmu.edu/collections-subject.php#THEATRE\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center holds published materials related to music and the performing arts which can be found through the George Mason University library catalog. Special Collections Research Center also holds many other "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of photographic prints, lithographs, and drawings of significant musicians, composers, and dancers. The photographs depict portraits and images of professional performing artists at work. The drawings and lithographs are primarily portraits of notable performing arts professionals, or feature subject matter related to the performing arts, including costume design and scenes from various stage sets and performances. The collection also contains several manuscripts, including a folio of musical instruments, a stage guide and score for the musical \"My Maryland,\" and hand-written sheet music.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of photographic prints, lithographs, and drawings of significant musicians, composers, and dancers. The photographs depict portraits and images of professional performing artists at work. The drawings and lithographs are primarily portraits of notable performing arts professionals, or feature subject matter related to the performing arts, including costume design and scenes from various stage sets and performances. The collection also contains several manuscripts, including a folio of musical instruments, a stage guide and score for the musical \"My Maryland,\" and hand-written sheet music."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from Performing arts manuscripts collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from Performing arts manuscripts collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref45\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollection consists of photographic prints, lithographs, drawings, and written manuscripts pertaining to significant musicians, composers, dancers, and their works.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collection consists of photographic prints, lithographs, drawings, and written manuscripts pertaining to significant musicians, composers, dancers, and their works."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Germania Musical Society. -- Pictorial works","Ballet Russe de Monte-Carlo.","Ballets russes.","Gerber, Steven K.","Ailey, Alvin -- Photographs","Arne, Thomas Augustine, 1710-1778  -- Pictorial works","Balanchine, George -- Photographs","Basili, Francesco, 1767-1850","Bernstein, Leonard, 1918-1990  -- Photographs","Bolm, Adolf , 1884-1951  -- Photographs","Cage, John -- Photographs","Cherubini, Luigi, 1760-1842  -- Pictorial works","Danilova, Alexandra, 1907-1997","Dello Joio, Norman, 1913-2008 -- Photographs","Didelot, Rose Colinette -- Pictorial works","Duncan, Isadora, 1877-1927 -- Photographs","Eglevsky, Andre -- Photographs","Fuller, Loie, 1862-1928  -- Photographs","Graham, Martha -- Photographs","Griffith, Robert E. -- Photographs","Kabalevsky, Dmitry Borisovich, 1904-1987  -- Photographs","Kodaly, Zoltan, 1882-1967 -- Photographs","Laurents, Arthur -- Photographs","Lifar, Serge, 1905-1986 -- Photographs","Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945","Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912","Mitchell, Arthur, 1934-  -- Photographs","Mumma, Gordon, 1935-  -- Photographs","Novikoff, Laurent -- Photographs","Partch, Harry, 1901-1974  -- Photographs","Pavlova, Anna, 1881-1931 -- Pictorial works","Prince, Harold, 1928-  -- Photographs","Ram Gopal, 1917- -- Photographs","Robbins, Jerome -- Photographs","Romberg, Sigmund, 1887-1951","Rossini, Gioachino, 1792-1868","Sandburg, Carl, 1878-1967  -- Photographs","Sondheim, Stephen -- Photographs","Tudor, David, 1926-1996  -- Photographs","Viardot-Garcia, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Germania Musical Society. -- Pictorial works","Ballet Russe de Monte-Carlo.","Ballets russes."],"persname_ssim":["Gerber, Steven K.","Ailey, Alvin -- Photographs","Arne, Thomas Augustine, 1710-1778  -- Pictorial works","Balanchine, George -- Photographs","Basili, Francesco, 1767-1850","Bernstein, Leonard, 1918-1990  -- Photographs","Bolm, Adolf , 1884-1951  -- Photographs","Cage, John -- Photographs","Cherubini, Luigi, 1760-1842  -- Pictorial works","Danilova, Alexandra, 1907-1997","Dello Joio, Norman, 1913-2008 -- Photographs","Didelot, Rose Colinette -- Pictorial works","Duncan, Isadora, 1877-1927 -- Photographs","Eglevsky, Andre -- Photographs","Fuller, Loie, 1862-1928  -- Photographs","Graham, Martha -- Photographs","Griffith, Robert E. -- Photographs","Kabalevsky, Dmitry Borisovich, 1904-1987  -- Photographs","Kodaly, Zoltan, 1882-1967 -- Photographs","Laurents, Arthur -- Photographs","Lifar, Serge, 1905-1986 -- Photographs","Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945","Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912","Mitchell, Arthur, 1934-  -- Photographs","Mumma, Gordon, 1935-  -- Photographs","Novikoff, Laurent -- Photographs","Partch, Harry, 1901-1974  -- Photographs","Pavlova, Anna, 1881-1931 -- Pictorial works","Prince, Harold, 1928-  -- Photographs","Ram Gopal, 1917- -- Photographs","Robbins, Jerome -- Photographs","Romberg, Sigmund, 1887-1951","Rossini, Gioachino, 1792-1868","Sandburg, Carl, 1878-1967  -- Photographs","Sondheim, Stephen -- Photographs","Tudor, David, 1926-1996  -- Photographs","Viardot-Garcia, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"language_ssim":["Primarily English. Some materials are in Latin, French, or Italian.\n            \t"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":56,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:58:49.461Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_performingartsmanuscripts","ead_ssi":"vifgm_performingartsmanuscripts","_root_":"vifgm_performingartsmanuscripts","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_performingartsmanuscripts","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/performingartsmanuscripts.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://scrc.gmu.edu/finding_aids/performingartsmanuscripts.html","title_ssm":["Performing arts manuscripts collection"],"title_tesim":["Performing arts manuscripts collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1475-1984"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1475-1984"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0215"],"text":["C0215","Performing arts manuscripts collection","Ballet--Pictorial works.","Costume design.","Dance","Hitler Youth--Photographs.","Minstrel shows","Music.","No","Opera.","Performing arts.","Sheet music.","Stage guides","Theater.","Tom and Jerry (Television program)","Lithographs.","Etchings. ","Photographic prints.","There are no access restrictions.","The collection is arranged in three series. Each series is arranged chronologically by order of acquisition.","Series 1: Graphic Materials, 1610-1940 (Boxes 1-4)","Series 2: Manuscripts, circa 1475-1929 (Boxes 1, 3)","Series 3: Photographs, 1900-1984 (Boxes 1-3)","The Performing arts manuscripts collection consists of items selected by Steven Gerber, the Music, Theater, and Philosophy Librarian at George Mason University (GMU). In addition to his librarian duties, Gerber teaches courses on music research and bibliography at GMU. He developed this collection to serve as a resource for his courses and to provide research access for GMU performing arts faculty and students.","Processed by Jordan Patty in 2012. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in 2013. Collection reprocessed and finding aid revised by Lana Mason in January 2019.","Special Collections Research Center holds published materials related to music and the performing arts which can be found through the George Mason University library catalog. Special Collections Research Center also holds many other ","This collection consists of photographic prints, lithographs, and drawings of significant musicians, composers, and dancers. The photographs depict portraits and images of professional performing artists at work. The drawings and lithographs are primarily portraits of notable performing arts professionals, or feature subject matter related to the performing arts, including costume design and scenes from various stage sets and performances. The collection also contains several manuscripts, including a folio of musical instruments, a stage guide and score for the musical \"My Maryland,\" and hand-written sheet music.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from Performing arts manuscripts collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","Collection consists of photographic prints, lithographs, drawings, and written manuscripts pertaining to significant musicians, composers, dancers, and their works.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Germania Musical Society. -- Pictorial works","Ballet Russe de Monte-Carlo.","Ballets russes.","Gerber, Steven K.","Ailey, Alvin -- Photographs","Arne, Thomas Augustine, 1710-1778  -- Pictorial works","Balanchine, George -- Photographs","Basili, Francesco, 1767-1850","Bernstein, Leonard, 1918-1990  -- Photographs","Bolm, Adolf , 1884-1951  -- Photographs","Cage, John -- Photographs","Cherubini, Luigi, 1760-1842  -- Pictorial works","Danilova, Alexandra, 1907-1997","Dello Joio, Norman, 1913-2008 -- Photographs","Didelot, Rose Colinette -- Pictorial works","Duncan, Isadora, 1877-1927 -- Photographs","Eglevsky, Andre -- Photographs","Fuller, Loie, 1862-1928  -- Photographs","Graham, Martha -- Photographs","Griffith, Robert E. -- Photographs","Kabalevsky, Dmitry Borisovich, 1904-1987  -- Photographs","Kodaly, Zoltan, 1882-1967 -- Photographs","Laurents, Arthur -- Photographs","Lifar, Serge, 1905-1986 -- Photographs","Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945","Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912","Mitchell, Arthur, 1934-  -- Photographs","Mumma, Gordon, 1935-  -- Photographs","Novikoff, Laurent -- Photographs","Partch, Harry, 1901-1974  -- Photographs","Pavlova, Anna, 1881-1931 -- Pictorial works","Prince, Harold, 1928-  -- Photographs","Ram Gopal, 1917- -- Photographs","Robbins, Jerome -- Photographs","Romberg, Sigmund, 1887-1951","Rossini, Gioachino, 1792-1868","Sandburg, Carl, 1878-1967  -- Photographs","Sondheim, Stephen -- Photographs","Tudor, David, 1926-1996  -- Photographs","Viardot-Garcia, Pauline, 1821-1910","Primarily English. Some materials are in Latin, French, or Italian.\n            \t"],"unitid_tesim":["C0215"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Performing arts manuscripts collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Performing arts manuscripts collection"],"collection_ssim":["Performing arts manuscripts collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Gerber, Steven K."],"creator_ssim":["Gerber, Steven K."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gerber, Steven K."],"creators_ssim":["Gerber, Steven K."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from Performing arts manuscripts collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection materials were purchased from a variety of rare book and manuscript dealers from 2009 through the present."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ballet--Pictorial works.","Costume design.","Dance","Hitler Youth--Photographs.","Minstrel shows","Music.","No","Opera.","Performing arts.","Sheet music.","Stage guides","Theater.","Tom and Jerry (Television program)","Lithographs.","Etchings. ","Photographic prints."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ballet--Pictorial works.","Costume design.","Dance","Hitler Youth--Photographs.","Minstrel shows","Music.","No","Opera.","Performing arts.","Sheet music.","Stage guides","Theater.","Tom and Jerry (Television program)","Lithographs.","Etchings. ","Photographic prints."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.0 linear feet (4 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["4.0 linear feet (4 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1475,1476,1477,1478,1479,1480,1481,1482,1483,1484,1485,1486,1487,1488,1489,1490,1491,1492,1493,1494,1495,1496,1497,1498,1499,1500,1501,1502,1503,1504,1505,1506,1507,1508,1509,1510,1511,1512,1513,1514,1515,1516,1517,1518,1519,1520,1521,1522,1523,1524,1525,1526,1527,1528,1529,1530,1531,1532,1533,1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in three series. Each series is arranged chronologically by order of acquisition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Graphic Materials, 1610-1940 (Boxes 1-4)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Manuscripts, circa 1475-1929 (Boxes 1, 3)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Photographs, 1900-1984 (Boxes 1-3)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in three series. Each series is arranged chronologically by order of acquisition.","Series 1: Graphic Materials, 1610-1940 (Boxes 1-4)","Series 2: Manuscripts, circa 1475-1929 (Boxes 1, 3)","Series 3: Photographs, 1900-1984 (Boxes 1-3)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Performing arts manuscripts collection consists of items selected by Steven Gerber, the Music, Theater, and Philosophy Librarian at George Mason University (GMU). In addition to his librarian duties, Gerber teaches courses on music research and bibliography at GMU. He developed this collection to serve as a resource for his courses and to provide research access for GMU performing arts faculty and students.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Performing arts manuscripts collection consists of items selected by Steven Gerber, the Music, Theater, and Philosophy Librarian at George Mason University (GMU). In addition to his librarian duties, Gerber teaches courses on music research and bibliography at GMU. He developed this collection to serve as a resource for his courses and to provide research access for GMU performing arts faculty and students."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePerforming arts manuscripts collection, C0215, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Performing arts manuscripts collection, C0215, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Jordan Patty in 2012. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in 2013. Collection reprocessed and finding aid revised by Lana Mason in January 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Jordan Patty in 2012. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in 2013. Collection reprocessed and finding aid revised by Lana Mason in January 2019."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center holds published materials related to music and the performing arts which can be found through the George Mason University library catalog. Special Collections Research Center also holds many other \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"performing arts collections.\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://scrc.gmu.edu/collections-subject.php#THEATRE\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center holds published materials related to music and the performing arts which can be found through the George Mason University library catalog. Special Collections Research Center also holds many other "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of photographic prints, lithographs, and drawings of significant musicians, composers, and dancers. The photographs depict portraits and images of professional performing artists at work. The drawings and lithographs are primarily portraits of notable performing arts professionals, or feature subject matter related to the performing arts, including costume design and scenes from various stage sets and performances. The collection also contains several manuscripts, including a folio of musical instruments, a stage guide and score for the musical \"My Maryland,\" and hand-written sheet music.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of photographic prints, lithographs, and drawings of significant musicians, composers, and dancers. The photographs depict portraits and images of professional performing artists at work. The drawings and lithographs are primarily portraits of notable performing arts professionals, or feature subject matter related to the performing arts, including costume design and scenes from various stage sets and performances. The collection also contains several manuscripts, including a folio of musical instruments, a stage guide and score for the musical \"My Maryland,\" and hand-written sheet music."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from Performing arts manuscripts collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from Performing arts manuscripts collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref45\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollection consists of photographic prints, lithographs, drawings, and written manuscripts pertaining to significant musicians, composers, dancers, and their works.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collection consists of photographic prints, lithographs, drawings, and written manuscripts pertaining to significant musicians, composers, dancers, and their works."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Germania Musical Society. -- Pictorial works","Ballet Russe de Monte-Carlo.","Ballets russes.","Gerber, Steven K.","Ailey, Alvin -- Photographs","Arne, Thomas Augustine, 1710-1778  -- Pictorial works","Balanchine, George -- Photographs","Basili, Francesco, 1767-1850","Bernstein, Leonard, 1918-1990  -- Photographs","Bolm, Adolf , 1884-1951  -- Photographs","Cage, John -- Photographs","Cherubini, Luigi, 1760-1842  -- Pictorial works","Danilova, Alexandra, 1907-1997","Dello Joio, Norman, 1913-2008 -- Photographs","Didelot, Rose Colinette -- Pictorial works","Duncan, Isadora, 1877-1927 -- Photographs","Eglevsky, Andre -- Photographs","Fuller, Loie, 1862-1928  -- Photographs","Graham, Martha -- Photographs","Griffith, Robert E. -- Photographs","Kabalevsky, Dmitry Borisovich, 1904-1987  -- Photographs","Kodaly, Zoltan, 1882-1967 -- Photographs","Laurents, Arthur -- Photographs","Lifar, Serge, 1905-1986 -- Photographs","Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945","Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912","Mitchell, Arthur, 1934-  -- Photographs","Mumma, Gordon, 1935-  -- Photographs","Novikoff, Laurent -- Photographs","Partch, Harry, 1901-1974  -- Photographs","Pavlova, Anna, 1881-1931 -- Pictorial works","Prince, Harold, 1928-  -- Photographs","Ram Gopal, 1917- -- Photographs","Robbins, Jerome -- Photographs","Romberg, Sigmund, 1887-1951","Rossini, Gioachino, 1792-1868","Sandburg, Carl, 1878-1967  -- Photographs","Sondheim, Stephen -- Photographs","Tudor, David, 1926-1996  -- Photographs","Viardot-Garcia, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Germania Musical Society. -- Pictorial works","Ballet Russe de Monte-Carlo.","Ballets russes."],"persname_ssim":["Gerber, Steven K.","Ailey, Alvin -- Photographs","Arne, Thomas Augustine, 1710-1778  -- Pictorial works","Balanchine, George -- Photographs","Basili, Francesco, 1767-1850","Bernstein, Leonard, 1918-1990  -- Photographs","Bolm, Adolf , 1884-1951  -- Photographs","Cage, John -- Photographs","Cherubini, Luigi, 1760-1842  -- Pictorial works","Danilova, Alexandra, 1907-1997","Dello Joio, Norman, 1913-2008 -- Photographs","Didelot, Rose Colinette -- Pictorial works","Duncan, Isadora, 1877-1927 -- Photographs","Eglevsky, Andre -- Photographs","Fuller, Loie, 1862-1928  -- Photographs","Graham, Martha -- Photographs","Griffith, Robert E. -- Photographs","Kabalevsky, Dmitry Borisovich, 1904-1987  -- Photographs","Kodaly, Zoltan, 1882-1967 -- Photographs","Laurents, Arthur -- Photographs","Lifar, Serge, 1905-1986 -- Photographs","Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945","Massenet, Jules, 1842-1912","Mitchell, Arthur, 1934-  -- Photographs","Mumma, Gordon, 1935-  -- Photographs","Novikoff, Laurent -- Photographs","Partch, Harry, 1901-1974  -- Photographs","Pavlova, Anna, 1881-1931 -- Pictorial works","Prince, Harold, 1928-  -- Photographs","Ram Gopal, 1917- -- Photographs","Robbins, Jerome -- Photographs","Romberg, Sigmund, 1887-1951","Rossini, Gioachino, 1792-1868","Sandburg, Carl, 1878-1967  -- Photographs","Sondheim, Stephen -- Photographs","Tudor, David, 1926-1996  -- Photographs","Viardot-Garcia, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"language_ssim":["Primarily English. Some materials are in Latin, French, or Italian.\n            \t"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":56,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:58:49.461Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_performingartsmanuscripts"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_730_c02","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Probate List of Melchiorre Galassini","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_730_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_730_c02","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_4_resources_730_c02"],"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_730_c02","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_730","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_730","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_730","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_730","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_730"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_730"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Italian legal documents"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Italian legal documents"],"text":["Italian legal documents","Probate List of Melchiorre Galassini","box MSS 2011-03, Box 1","These documents have been digitized."],"title_filing_ssi":"Probate List of Melchiorre Galassini","title_ssm":["Probate List of Melchiorre Galassini"],"title_tesim":["Probate List of Melchiorre Galassini"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1605-06-16"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1605"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Probate List of Melchiorre Galassini"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Italian legal documents"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":2,"date_range_isim":[1605],"containers_ssim":["box MSS 2011-03, Box 1"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese documents have been digitized.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["These documents have been digitized."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:49:07.246Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_730","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_730","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_730","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_730","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_730.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/131629","title_ssm":["Italian legal documents"],"title_tesim":["Italian legal documents"],"unitdate_ssm":["1605-1626"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1605-1626"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.2011.03","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/730"],"text":["MSS.2011.03","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/730","Italian legal documents","Italy -- History -- 17th century","This collection consists of four handwritten seventeenth-century Italian wills.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Italian"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.2011.03","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/730"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Italian legal documents"],"collection_title_tesim":["Italian legal documents"],"collection_ssim":["Italian legal documents"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Italy -- History -- 17th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Italy -- History -- 17th century"],"places_ssim":["Italy -- History -- 17th century"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection received in\t1986 was a gift of Riccardo Gori-Montanelli, LLM, Class of 1950."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 items"],"extent_tesim":["4 items"],"date_range_isim":[1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of four handwritten seventeenth-century Italian wills.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of four handwritten seventeenth-century Italian wills."],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["Italian"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:49:07.246Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_730_c02"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":21},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":14},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","value":"The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","hits":6},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=The+George+Washington+Presidential+Library+at+Mount+Vernon\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"University of Richmond","value":"University of Richmond","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Richmond\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept.","value":"University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept.","hits":25},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Virginia%2C+Special+Collections+Dept.\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","value":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library","value":"Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Washington+and+Lee+University%2C+Leyburn+Library\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"West Virginia and Regional History Center","value":"West Virginia and Regional History Center","hits":15},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=West+Virginia+and+Regional+History+Center\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"17th and 18th century British periodicals","value":"17th and 18th century British periodicals","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=17th+and+18th+century+British+periodicals\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. E. Dick Howard papers","value":"A. E. Dick Howard papers","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A.+E.+Dick+Howard+papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Berkeley Family Papers \n          1536-present","value":"Berkeley Family Papers \n          1536-present","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Berkeley+Family+Papers+%0A++++++++++1536-present\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bevill Family Papers","value":"Bevill Family Papers","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Bevill+Family+Papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection","value":"C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=C.+Harrison+Mann%2C+Jr.+Map+Collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"C. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection","value":"C. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=C.+Harrison+Mann%2C+Jr.+map+collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Cambridge University Charters","value":"Cambridge University Charters","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Cambridge+University+Charters\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Channing Moore Hall Papers","value":"Channing Moore Hall Papers","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Channing+Moore+Hall+Papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Chester McNerney Collection","value":"Chester McNerney Collection","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Chester+McNerney+Collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Christian S. Hutter miscellany","value":"Christian S. Hutter miscellany","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Christian+S.+Hutter+miscellany\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Collection of Spanish Language Manuscripts","value":"Collection of Spanish Language Manuscripts","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Collection+of+Spanish+Language+Manuscripts\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"date_range_isim","attributes":{"label":"Date range","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"909","value":"909","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=909\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"910","value":"910","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=910\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"911","value":"911","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=911\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"912","value":"912","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=912\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"913","value":"913","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=913\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"914","value":"914","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=914\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"915","value":"915","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=915\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"916","value":"916","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=916\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"917","value":"917","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=917\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"918","value":"918","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=918\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"919","value":"919","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=919\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/date_range_isim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"creator_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Creator","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Carew (Family)","value":"Carew (Family)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Carew+%28Family%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Erasmushaus","value":"Erasmushaus","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Erasmushaus\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Gerber, Steven K.","value":"Gerber, Steven K.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Gerber%2C+Steven+K.\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Hutter, Christian Sixtus, 1891-1957","value":"Hutter, Christian Sixtus, 1891-1957","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Hutter%2C+Christian+Sixtus%2C+1891-1957\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Joynt, Richard G.","value":"Joynt, Richard G.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Joynt%2C+Richard+G.\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Lynch family","value":"Lynch family","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Lynch+family\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977","value":"Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Mann%2C+Charles+Harrison%2C+Jr.%2C+1908-1977\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t","value":"Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Mann%2C+Charles+Harrison%2C+Jr.%2C+1908-1977+%0A%09%09\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Mary II, Queen of England, 1662-1694","value":"Mary II, Queen of England, 1662-1694","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Mary+II%2C+Queen+of+England%2C+1662-1694\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"McNerney, Chester, 1914-1983","value":"McNerney, Chester, 1914-1983","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=McNerney%2C+Chester%2C+1914-1983\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"McNerney, Shirley","value":"McNerney, Shirley","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=McNerney%2C+Shirley\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/creator_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"names_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Names","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A. K. Johnston","value":"A. K. Johnston","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=A.+K.+Johnston\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Abraham Ortelius","value":"Abraham Ortelius","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Abraham+Ortelius\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adams, John, 1735-1826","value":"Adams, John, 1735-1826","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Adams%2C+John%2C+1735-1826\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Ailey, Alvin -- Photographs","value":"Ailey, Alvin -- Photographs","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Ailey%2C+Alvin+--+Photographs\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Albert Hyrns von Schönau","value":"Albert Hyrns von Schönau","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Albert+Hyrns+von+Sch%C3%B6nau\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","value":"Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Albert+and+Shirley+Small+Special+Collections+Library\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alexander, Anna Maria Washington, 1817-1850","value":"Alexander, Anna Maria Washington, 1817-1850","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Alexander%2C+Anna+Maria+Washington%2C+1817-1850\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","value":"Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Alexander%2C+Hannah+Lee+Washington%2C+1811-1881\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alexander, Judith Ball Blackburn, 1796-1866","value":"Alexander, Judith Ball Blackburn, 1796-1866","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Alexander%2C+Judith+Ball+Blackburn%2C+1796-1866\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alexis Hubert Jaillot","value":"Alexis Hubert Jaillot","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Alexis+Hubert+Jaillot\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Anderson, James, 1745-1807","value":"Anderson, James, 1745-1807","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Anderson%2C+James%2C+1745-1807\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/names_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"geogname_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Places","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Accomack County (Va.)--History","value":"Accomack County (Va.)--History","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Accomack+County+%28Va.%29--History\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Albemarle County (Va.)--History","value":"Albemarle County (Va.)--History","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Albemarle+County+%28Va.%29--History\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Amelia County (Va.)--History","value":"Amelia County (Va.)--History","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Amelia+County+%28Va.%29--History\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Amherst County (Va.)--History","value":"Amherst County (Va.)--History","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Amherst+County+%28Va.%29--History\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Augusta County (Va.)--History","value":"Augusta County (Va.)--History","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Augusta+County+%28Va.%29--History\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bedford County (Va.)--History","value":"Bedford County (Va.)--History","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Bedford+County+%28Va.%29--History\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Berkeley County (W.Va.)--History","value":"Berkeley County (W.Va.)--History","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Berkeley+County+%28W.Va.%29--History\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Blacksburg (Va.)","value":"Blacksburg (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Blacksburg+%28Va.%29\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Botetourt County (Va.)--History","value":"Botetourt County (Va.)--History","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Botetourt+County+%28Va.%29--History\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Brunswick County (Va.)--History","value":"Brunswick County (Va.)--History","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Brunswick+County+%28Va.%29--History\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Buckingham County (Va.)--History","value":"Buckingham County (Va.)--History","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Buckingham+County+%28Va.%29--History\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/geogname_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access_subjects_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Subjects","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Accounts","value":"Accounts","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Accounts\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Advertising cards","value":"Advertising cards","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Advertising+cards\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Agriculture--Virginia--History","value":"Agriculture--Virginia--History","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Agriculture--Virginia--History\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Album amicorum","value":"Album amicorum","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Album+amicorum\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Anti-slavery movements","value":"Anti-slavery movements","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Anti-slavery+movements\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Atlases","value":"Atlases","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Atlases\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Autograph albums.","value":"Autograph albums.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Autograph+albums.\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Autographs -- Collectors and collecting","value":"Autographs -- Collectors and collecting","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Autographs+--+Collectors+and+collecting\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Ballet--Pictorial works.","value":"Ballet--Pictorial works.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ballet--Pictorial+works.\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bible records","value":"Bible records","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Bible+records\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Booklets","value":"Booklets","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Booklets\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access_subjects_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"level_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Level","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Box","value":"Box","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Collection","value":"Collection","hits":29},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"File","value":"File","hits":34},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Item","value":"Item","hits":17},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Series","value":"Series","hits":7},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Subseries","value":"Subseries","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/level_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access","attributes":{"label":"Access","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Online access","value":"online","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess%5D%5B%5D=online\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"all_fields","attributes":{"label":"All Fields"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=7\u0026search_field=all_fields\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"keyword","attributes":{"label":"Keyword"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=7\u0026search_field=keyword\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"name","attributes":{"label":"Name"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=7\u0026search_field=name\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"place","attributes":{"label":"Place"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=7\u0026search_field=place\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"subject","attributes":{"label":"Subject"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=7\u0026search_field=subject\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"title","attributes":{"label":"Title"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=7\u0026search_field=title\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"container","attributes":{"label":"Container"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=7\u0026search_field=container\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"identifier","attributes":{"label":"Identifier"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=7\u0026search_field=identifier\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"score desc, title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"relevance"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=7\u0026sort=score+desc%2C+title_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"date (ascending)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=7\u0026sort=date_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"date (descending)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=7\u0026sort=date_sort+desc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"creator (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=7\u0026sort=creator_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"creator (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=7\u0026sort=creator_sort+desc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"title (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=7\u0026sort=title_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"title (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1605\u0026page=7\u0026sort=title_sort+desc\u0026view=compact"}}]}